title: Non-surgical management of microperforation induced by EMR of the stomach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Perforation and bleeding are major complications associated with gastric endoscopic mucosal resection. Evident perforation during endoscopic mucosal resection can be managed by endoscopic clipping. However, management of microperforation is not well established.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2002 to June 2004, 109 early gastric cancers and 300 adenomas were treated with endoscopic mucosal resection. Iatrogenic perforations occurred in 4.16% (n=17) patients. Following exclusion of four evident perforations, microperforation was observed in 3.18% (n=13) patients. The clinical features of microperforation in patients were retrospectively reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In a total of 13 microperforation cases, 2 patients were managed surgically. The remaining patients successfully recovered without surgical management. In the case of 11 patients without surgery, 7 experienced abdominal pain, which required analgesics, 2 patients experienced mild discomfort and 2 patients experienced no symptoms. A body temperature above 37.5 degrees C was observed in 9.1% (n=1) patients and leucocytosis above 9000 microL-1 was in 72.7% (n=8) patients. The mean duration of nasogastric tube drainage was 2.36+/-1.03 days, of fasting 4.18+/-1.17 days, of intravenous antibiotics 5.55+/-1.44 days and of hospitalisation 7.45+/-1.04 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microperforation induced by gastric endoscopic mucosal resection can be managed successfully using a non-surgical approach including fasting, nasogastric tube drainage and intravenous antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, #50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, South Korea.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: P-L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D000236:Adenoma / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004322:Drainage; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D005773:Gastroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents