[Prenatal exposure to birth control pills: risk of fetal death and congenital malformations].
About 1% of pregnant women uses oral contraceptives during the first part of their pregnancy and thereby exposes their offspring to artificial estrogens. Artificial estrogens, such as oral contraceptives, accidentally used during pregnancy may have a negative impact on the fetus. This article reviews the literature on prenatal exposure to oral contraceptives and the risk of congenital malformations and fetal death. The conclusion is that prenatal exposure to oral contraceptives may be associated with a slightly elevated risk of certain specific congenital malformations.
Jellesen
Rikke
R
Statens Institut for Folkesundhed, Øster Farimagsgade 5, DK-1399 København K. ana@si-folkesundhed.dk.
Andersen
Anne-Marie Nybo
AM
D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology*; D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000139:chemically induced*; D025063:Chromosome Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D012307:Risk Factors
D003276:Contraceptives, Oral