title: Gastrointestinal manifestations associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: Gastrointestinal symptoms are often difficult to interpret in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Symptoms can develop either from symptomatic autoimmune tissue injury, complications of lupus-related organ dysfunction, infections, thrombembolic manifestations of anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome, medication or unrelated disorders. We describe the gastrointestinal manifestations of lupus and discuss the diagnostic approach and therapy.
authors.affiliation: Medical Policlinic, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Witt
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zecher
authors.forename: H-J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Anders
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications*