title: Decay-accelerating factor (CD55) promotes CD1d expression and Vgamma4+ T-cell activation in coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis.
abstract: BALB/c mice infected with the H3 variant of Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) develop severe myocarditis which is initiated by up-regulation of CD1d during infection and CD1d-dependent activation of T cells expressing the Vgamma4 T cell receptor. Previous studies have shown that a mutant variant of the H3 virus which shows reduced binding avidity to one of the known CVB3 virus receptors, decay accelerating factor (DAF), fails to up-regulate CD1d or activate Vgamma4+ cells. To determine if DAF has a role in CD1d expression during infection or Vgamma4+ cell activation, BALB/c and BALB/c DAF-/- mice were infected with CVB3. Infected DAF-/- mice show modest increases in CD1d expression compared to infected wild-type BALB/c mice; and although total numbers of Vgamma4+ cells in the spleen are the same as in BALB/c mice, few Vgamma4+ IFNgamma+ cells are detected in infected DAF-/- animals. Vgamma4+ cell depletion protects infected BALB/c mice from myocarditis but does not protect infected DAF-/- animals, indicating that Vgamma4+ cells are not important to disease in these animals. Anti-CD8 depletion of CD8+ T cells protects infected BALB/c mice but aggravates disease in infected DAF-/- animals, indicating that the immunopathogenicity of viral myocarditis differs in the absence of the DAF virus receptor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Colchester, Vermont 05446, USA. Sally.Huber@uvm.edu
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: Wen-Chao
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sartini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018949:Antigens, CD1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D055610:Antigens, CD1d; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018958:CD55 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D003384:Coxsackievirus Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D018949:Antigens, CD1; D055610:Antigens, CD1d; C526877:CD1D protein, human; D018958:CD55 Antigens; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta