title: Experimental study of the action of COX-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and traditional anti-inflammatory drugs in bone regeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to compare the effects of traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that are selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors in the process of bone regeneration in a rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four Wistar strain rats were subjected to osteotomy of the right femur and randomly divided into 3 groups according to the drug to be given (diclofenac, rofecoxib, or placebo). Each group was divided into 2 subgroups according to the time to euthanasia after the surgery. The animals of Subgroup 1 were submitted to euthanasia 2 weeks after surgery, and those of Subgroup 2, underwent euthanasia 4 weeks after surgery. Radiographic examinations and bone callus histomorphometry were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No intergroup statistical difference was found in the bone callus area or in bone formation area 2 and 4 weeks after surgery. Intra-group analysis concerning the bone neoformation area inside the callus showed a significant difference within the diclofenac group, which presented less tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fracture consolidation in Wistar rats occurs within less than 2 weeks, and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs does not significantly influence this process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, São Paulo University Medical School, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Tiseo
authors.forename: Guilherme N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Namur
authors.forename: Emygdio J L
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: de Paula
authors.forename: Rames Mattar
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Junior
authors.forename: Claudia R G C M
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002146:Bony Callus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010027:Osteotomy; D011859:Radiography; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013450:Sulfones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D007783:Lactones; D013450:Sulfones; C116926:rofecoxib; D004008:Diclofenac