"Euthanasia": A confusing term, abused under the Nazi regime and misused in present end-of-life debate.
BACKGROUND
Legal provisions in The Netherlands and Belgium currently allow physicians to actively end a patient's life at his or her request under certain conditions. The term that is used for this is "euthanasia."


CONCLUSIONS
The same term, "euthanasia," was used in Germany during the Nazi regime for a program of cleansing the "German nation" in which untold thousands of persons were denied human empathy or medical care and were thereby condemned to death. The medical profession played a leading role in the planning, administration, and supervision of this "euthanasia" program, with a large proportion of German physicians proactively shirking all moral responsibility and ultimately paving the way for the Holocaust.


CONCLUSIONS
The term "euthanasia" was so abused during the Nazi regime as a camouflage word for murder of selected subpopulations with the willing participation of physicians, we believe that, regardless of the benevolent goals of current euthanasia practices, for historical reasons the term "euthanasia" must not be used with regards to current end-of-life care.
Michalsen
Andrej
A
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Uberlingen Hospital, Härlenweg 1, 88662 Uberlingen/See, Germany. A.Michalsen@kh-ueberlingen.de
Reinhart
Konrad
K
D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001293:Attitude to Death; D001530:Belgium; D004992:Ethics, Medical / Q000266:history*; D005065:Euthanasia / Q000266:history*; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006708:Homicide / Q000266:history; D006801:Humans; D009426:Netherlands; D010819:Physician's Role / Q000266:history; D013727:Terminal Care / Q000266:history*; D047789:World War II