title: Numerical assessment of the impact of a flow wire on its velocity measurements.
abstract: Blood flow velocities can be measured using a Doppler flow wire. This numerical study evaluates the impact of a 0.014" flow wire on the measured frequencies in a straight artery with diameters of 3 mm and 4 mm, under steady and pulsatile flow conditions. Simulations were performed with the wires positioned differently in the artery (perfectly centred and at an offset of 0.5 mm from the wall) and with different types of wire (tilted and straight). Measurements were taken at range gates from 4 mm to 10 mm. During simulations using a 3-mm vessel under pulsatile flow conditions, the relative error between the measured and reference maximum frequency (occurring in absence of the wire) decreased from 17.7% to 11.6% (with a mean value of 14.9%). During simulations using an off-centre 1.5 degree tilted wire, the mean error was approximately 5%. Therefore, our study suggests that that a centrally positioned flow wire is unfavourable for measuring flow velocities.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Mechanics and Biofluid Dynamics, Institute of Biomedical Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hillewaert
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Courtens
authors.forename: Myles
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: Joost
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wauters
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wilmer
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bijnens
authors.forename: Piet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Claus
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Verdonck
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Devos
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Segers
mesh_terms: D001158:Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*