title: Short-term effects of Project EX-4: a classroom-based smoking prevention and cessation intervention program.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Researchers continue to try to develop effective teen tobacco use prevention and cessation programs. Three previous school clinic-based studies established the efficacy of Project EX for teen smoking cessation. This fourth study adapts Project EX to the classroom context. This paper reports the findings based on pretest and posttest surveys conducted immediately prior and post-intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  An eight-session classroom-based curriculum was developed and tested with a randomized controlled trial that involved a total of 1097 students in six program and six control continuation high schools. Program-specific knowledge and smoking measures were assessed at both the pretest and posttest surveys, and were used to evaluate the program's effect on the immediate outcomes. The immediate outcomes effects were analyzed with multi-level random coefficients models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Program students provided favorable process ratings of the overall program and each session. Compared with the students in the control condition, students in the program condition showed a greater change in correct knowledge responses from pretest to posttest (beta=+5.5%, p=0.0003). Students in the program condition also experienced a greater reduction in weekly smoking (beta=-6.9%, p=0.038), and intention for smoking in the next 12 months (beta=-0.21 in 5-level scale, p=0.023).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EX-4 immediate outcome results revealed favorable student responses to the program, increases in knowledge, and decreases in smoking relative to a standard care control condition.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1000 South Fremont Avenue, Box 8, Alhambra, CA 91803, USA. sping@usc.edu
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miyano
authors.forename: Louise Ann
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Rohrbach
authors.forename: Clyde W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Dent
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sussman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods*; D003479:Curriculum; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012574:Schools; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome