title: Clinical risk management and patient safety education for nurses: a critique.
abstract: Nurses have a pivotal role to play in clinical risk management (CRM) and promoting patient safety in health care domains. Accordingly, nurses need to be prepared educationally to manage clinical risk effectively when delivering patient care. Just what form the CRM and safety education of nurses should take, however, remains an open question. A recent search of the literature has revealed a surprising lack of evidence substantiating models of effective CRM and safety education for nurses. In this paper, a critical discussion is advanced on the question of CRM and safety education for nurses and the need for nurse education in this area to be reviewed and systematically researched as a strategic priority, nationally and internationally. It is a key contention of this paper that without 'good' safety education research it will not be possible to ensure that the educational programs that are being offered to nurses in this area are evidence-based and designed in a manner that will enable nurses to develop the capabilities they need to respond effectively to the multifaceted and complex demands that are inherent in their ethical and professional responsibilities to promote and protect patient safety and quality care in health care domains.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Health Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Vic. 3083, Australia. megan.johnstone@rmit.edu.au
authors.forename: Megan-Jane
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Johnstone
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kanitsaki
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003479:Curriculum; D003659:Decision Making, Organizational; D004506:Education, Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004522:Educational Status; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017145:Models, Educational; D024802:Nurse's Role; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000458:organization & administration; D028701:Patient Rights; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D012308:Risk Management / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017751:Safety Management / Q000458:organization & administration*; D013597:Systems Analysis; D017749:Total Quality Management