title: Potassium magnesium supplementation for four weeks improves small distal artery compliance and reduces blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension.
abstract: It has been postulated that the loss of arterial compliance may precede cardiovascular diseases, and that arterial compliance is an important parameter to consider when evaluating arterial diseases such as essential hypertension (EH) and the effects of antihypertensive treatment. In all, 133 EH patients and 147 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Large arterial compliance (C1) and small arterial compliance (C2) were measured by the CVProfilor DO-2020 CardioVascular Profiling System. Thirty-five patients randomly received magnesium potassium supplementation (magnesium, 70.8 mg/d; potassium, 217.2 mg/d) for four weeks, and 32 patients received lacidipin (4 mg/d) as a control. Before and after the four weeks, blood pressure, C1, and C2 were measured. It was found that arterial compliance was significantly lower in EH patients compared with healthy subjects (C1: 12.53 +/- 0.33 vs. 15.63 +/- 0.30 ml/mmHg x 10, p < 0.01;C2: 3.79 +/- 0.17 vs. 5.69 +/- 0.25 ml/mmHg x 100, p < 0.01). On lacidipine, systolic and diastolic BP decreased 13.27 +/- 1.76 mm Hg and 6.33 +/- 1.55 mm Hg, and C1 and C2 compliance values increased 25.05% +/- 4.49% and 34.50% +/- 7.40%, respectively. On K+ and Mg2+ supplementation, systolic and diastolic BP decreased 7.83 +/- 1.87 mm Hg and 3.67 +/- 1.03 mm Hg, and C1 and C2 compliance values increased 12.44% +/- 4.43% and 45.25% +/- 6.67%, respectively. Decreases in systemic vascular resistance (mean arterial pressure divided by cardiac output) by 11.9% and 16.6 % (p < 0.01) were seen between the drug-induced changes, respectively. Both large arterial compliance and small arterial compliance were decreased in essential hypertension patients. In essential hypertension patients, magnesium and potassium supplementation could improve small arterial compliance, while lacidipine improved large arterial compliance significantly.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Department, the First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Geru
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yutao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Aiqun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001158:Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D017419:Potassium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D004095:Dihydropyridines; D017419:Potassium, Dietary; C060285:lacidipine; D008274:Magnesium