title: [Activity of esterases and effect of genetic polymorphism in workers exposed to organophosphorus pesticides].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the activity of esterases, including butyrylcholinesterase (BchE), carboxylesterase (CarbE), paraoxonase (PonE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and to explore the effect of genetic polymorphism on the activity of esterase for workers exposed to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and forty-one long term OPs directly exposed workers and 151 indirectly exposed workers in the same factory were taken as study group. One hundred and sixty unexposed persons were taken as control group. The activity of serum enzymes was measured and the polymorphic distribution was detected using 7900 genotype detecting system and CMOS Chip technique. The effect of long-term exposure to organophosphorus pesticides was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The activities of BchE, CarbE and PonE were independent on the gender or age in control group. Average values of Carb and BchE activities of directly and indirectly exposed workers were lower than those in control group respectively. PonE activity in directly exposed group was lower than that in control group. AChE activity in directly exposed group was lower than that in indirectly exposed group. All the differences were significant (P < 0.01). In the direct exposure group, the frequency of three variants of butyrylcholinesterase gene K (BCHE-K) polymorphism was 74.3%, 24.1% and 1.6% for UU, UK and KK respectively. Frequency of allele U and K was 0.863 and 0.137 respectively in the same group. Frequency of three variants of PON192 polymorphism was 15.0%, 45.5% and 39.5% for AA, AB and BB respectively in direct exposure group. Gene frequency of low activity (PON*A) and high activity (PON*B) was 0.378 and 0.622 respectively. Frequency of three variants of PON55 polymorphism was 96.2%, 3.8% and 0% for MM, LM and LL respectively in direct exposure group. Frequency of allele M and L was 0.981 and 0.019 respectively in the same group. The activity of PON was different in various genotypes of PON192 and PON55.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long-term exposure to OPs could inhibit the activities of CarbE, BchE, PonE and ACh E in different level. The genetic polymorphisms of PON192 and PON55 affect the activity of PonE, which is related to the detoxification of OPs and health impact.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Xing-ya
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.forename: Zhi-jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xin-xin
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Qiang-en
authors.initials: QE
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D043182:Carboxylesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; D043182:Carboxylesterase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase