title: [Physiological functions of polyamines and regulation of polyamine content in cells].
abstract: Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are essential for normal cell growth. The polyamine level in cells is regulated by biosynthesis, degradation, and transport. The role of antizyme on polyamine biosynthesis and transport in mammalian cells and characteristics of polyamine transport in Escherichia coli and yeast are described briefly in this review. In addition, the effects of polyamines on protein synthesis and the NMDA receptor are outlined. Finally, the correlation between acrolein produced from polyamines by polyamine oxidase and chronic renal failure and brain stroke is summarized. Increased levels of polyamine oxidase and acrolein are good markers of chronic renal failure and brain stroke.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana, Japan. iga16077@p.chiba-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kazuei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Igarashi
mesh_terms: D000171:Acrolein / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D015317:Biogenic Polyamines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D001692:Biological Transport; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002477:Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors / Q000032:analysis; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D000097667:Polyamine Oxidase
chemical_list: D000171:Acrolein; D015317:Biogenic Polyamines; D015415:Biomarkers; D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D000097667:Polyamine Oxidase