title: Agricultural health in The Gambia II: A systematic survey of safety and injuries in production agriculture.
abstract: This study was undertaken to provide baseline information on the injuries and health and safety conditions in Gambian agriculture. The objective was to produce information to guide the formulation of an agricultural health and safety policy for the country, future investigations, prevention and surveillance of the adverse health effects in agriculture. A cross-sectional survey of 20 farmers, 20 nurses, and 20 agricultural extension workers was conducted in the Central and Upper River Divisions of The Gambia. The survey was implemented by the means of questionnaires, walk-through survey and hazard checklist. Seventy percent of farms reported an injury during the past year. Major sources and contributing factors for the injuries were characterized. Predisposing factors to the injuries were climatic conditions, working in static positions, bending and twisting and carrying heavy objects. Cuts and lacerations were identified as the commonest injury types and the most common sources were hand tools (hand hoe, cutlass, axe and knife) and animal-powered carts. A workshop for the major stake holders in the country's agriculture was also held to identify problems and possible solutions for health promotion of Gambian farmers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Rex
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuye
authors.forename: Kelley
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Donham
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marquez
authors.forename: Wayne
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sanderson
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fuortes
authors.forename: Risto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rautiainen
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Kennith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Culp
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D003625:Data Collection; D004869:Equipment Safety; D005714:Gambia; D006801:Humans; D016272:Occupational Health; D011637:Public Health Nursing; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology