title: Structural basis for phosphotyrosine recognition by the Src homology-2 domains of the adapter proteins SH2-B and APS.
abstract: SH2-B, APS, and Lnk constitute a family of adapter proteins that modulate signaling by protein tyrosine kinases. These adapters contain an N-terminal dimerization region, a pleckstrin homology domain, and a C-terminal Src homology-2 (SH2) domain. SH2-B is recruited via its SH2 domain to various protein tyrosine kinases, including Janus kinase-2 (Jak2) and the insulin receptor. Here, we present the crystal structure at 2.35 A resolution of the SH2 domain of SH2-B in complex with a phosphopeptide representing the SH2-B recruitment site in Jak2 (pTyr813). The structure reveals a canonical SH2 domain-phosphopeptide binding mode, but with specific recognition of a glutamate at the +1 position relative to phosphotyrosine, in addition to recognition of a hydrophobic residue at the +3 position. Biochemical studies of SH2-B and APS demonstrate that, although the SH2 domains of these two adapter proteins share 79% sequence identity, the SH2-B SH2 domain binds preferentially to Jak2, whereas the APS SH2 domain has higher affinity for the insulin receptor. This differential specificity is attributable to the difference in the oligomeric states of the two SH2 domains: monomeric for SH2-B and dimeric for APS.
authors.affiliation: Structural Biology Program, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, and Department of Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA. hubbard@saturn.med.nyu.edu
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Stevan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hubbard
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019000:Phosphotyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D014157:Transcription Factors; D018909:src Homology Domains / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C488161:Sh2b2 protein, mouse; C099550:Sh2bp1 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D019000:Phosphotyrosine