title: Use of icodextrin 4% solution in the prevention of adhesion formation following general surgery: from the multicentre ARIEL Registry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intra-abdominal adhesions occur in many patients following major abdominal surgery and represent a serious burden to patients and healthcare providers. The multicentre ARIEL (Adept Registry for Clinical Evaluation) Registry was established to gather clinical experiences in the use of icodextrin 4% solution, an approved adhesion-reduction agent, during routine general surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  General surgeons from five European countries completed anonymised data collection forms for patients undergoing laparotomy or laparoscopy. Surgeons recorded patient demographics, use of icodextrin 4% solution and adverse events, and made subjective assessments of ease of use and patient acceptability with the agent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The general surgery registry included 1738 patients (1469 laparotomies, 269 laparoscopies). Leakage of fluid from the surgical site did not appear to be affected by icodextrin 4% solution and was classified as 'normal' or 'less than normal' in most patients (laparotomies 86%, laparoscopies 88%). Overall, satisfaction with ease of use was rated as 'good' or 'excellent' by the majority of surgeons (laparotomies 77%, laparoscopies 86%). Patient acceptability was also good, with ratings of 'as expected' or 'less than expected' in most cases for both abdominal distension (laparotomies 90%, laparoscopies 91%) and abdominal discomfort (laparotomies 91%, laparoscopies 93%). Adverse events occurred in 30.6% of laparotomy patients and 16.7% of laparoscopy patients; the most common events were septic/infective events (4.2% and 3.4% in the laparotomy and laparoscopy groups, respectively). Anastomotic wound-healing problems were reported in 7.6% of patients in the subset of laparoscopy patients undergoing anastomotic procedures (n = 66).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Volumes of icodextrin 4% solution used as an irrigant and instillate were in line with recommendations. Surgeons considered the agent to be easy to use and acceptable to patients. The reported frequencies of adverse events were in line with those published in the literature for surgical procedures, supporting the good safety profile of this agent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Icodextrin 4% solution can be used in a wide range of surgical procedures. In combination with good surgical technique, it may play an important role in adhesion reduction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Colchester General Hospital, Colchester, Essex, UK. donald.menzies@essexrivers.nhs.uk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Menzies
authors.forename: M Hidalgo
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Pascual
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Walz
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Duron
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tonelli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crowe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Knight
mesh_terms: D005936:Glucans / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D000077607:Icodextrin; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012042:Registries; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000379:methods*; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans; D000077607:Icodextrin; D005947:Glucose