title: Roles of insulin-like growth factor II in cardiomyoblast apoptosis and in hypertensive rat heart with abdominal aorta ligation.
abstract: Although IGF-II activating the IGF-II receptor signaling pathway has been found to stimulate cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, the role of IGF-II in cardiac cell apoptosis remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the roles of IGF-II and/or IGF-II receptors (IGF-II/IIR) in cardiomyoblast apoptosis and in hypertensive rat hearts with abdominal aorta ligation. Cultured rat heart-derived H9c2 cardiomyoblasts and excised hearts from Sprague-Dawley rats with 0- to 20-day complete abdominal aorta ligation, a model of ANG II elevation and hypertension, were used. IGF-II/IIR expression, caspase activity, DNA fragmentation, and apoptotic cells were measured by RT-PCR, Western blot, agarose gel electrophoresis, and TUNEL assay following various combinations of ANG II, IGF-II/IIR antibody, CsA (calcineurin inhibitor), SP-600125 (JNK inhibitor), SB-203580 (p38 inhibitor), U-0126 (MEK inhibitor), or Staurosporine (PKC inhibitor) in H9c2 cells. ANG II-induced DNA fragmentation and TUNEL-positive cells were blocked by IGF-II/IIR antibodies and antisense IGF-II, but not by IGF-II sense. IGF-II-induced apoptosis was blocked by IGF-IIR antibody and CsA. The increased gene expressions of IGF-II and -IIR induced by ANG II were reversed by U-0126 and Sp600125, respectively. Caspase 8 activities induced by ANG II were attenuated by U-0126, SP-600125, and CsA. DNA fragmentation induced by ANG II was totally blocked by SP-600125, and CsA and was attenuated by U-0126. In rats with 0- to 20-day complete abdominal aorta ligation, the increases in IGF-II/IIR levels in the left ventricle were accompanied by hypertension as well as increases in caspase 9 activities and TUNEL-positive cardiac myocytes. ANG II-induced apoptosis was reversed by IGF-II/IIR blockade and coexisted with increased transactivation of IGF-II and -IIR, which are mediated by ERK and JNK pathways, respectively, both of which further contributed to cardiomyoblast apoptosis via calcineurin signaling. The increased cardiac IGF-II, IGF-IIR, caspase 9, and cellular apoptosis were also found in hypertensive rats with abdominal aorta ligation.
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Therapy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shin-Da
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chun-Hsien
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Erh-Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Min-Chi
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jer-Yuh
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chung-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hsi-Hsien
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Wei-Wen
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Chih-Yang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000809:Angiotensins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000601:surgery; D017209:Apoptosis; D002460:Cell Line; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism*; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000378:metabolism*; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D032342:Muscle Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000809:Angiotensins; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II