title: Coffee consumption and stomach cancer risk in a cohort of Swedish women.
abstract: Few prospective studies have examined the relationship between coffee consumption and risk of stomach cancer, and the findings have been inconsistent. We prospectively investigated the association of long-term coffee consumption with risk of stomach cancer in a population-based cohort study of 61,433 Swedish women. Information on coffee consumption was collected with a food-frequency questionnaire at baseline (1987-1990) and updated in 1997. During a mean follow-up of 15.7 years from 1987 through June 2005, 160 incident cases of stomach cancer were diagnosed. Coffee consumption was positively associated with the risk of stomach cancer. Compared to women who consumed 1 or fewer cups of coffee per day, the multivariate hazard ratios were 1.49 (95% = 0.97-2.27) for women who drank 2-3 cups per day and 1.86 (95% CI = 1.07-3.25) for those who drank 4 or more cups per day (p for trend = 0.01). An increase of 1 cup of coffee per day was associated with a statistically significant 22% increased risk of stomach cancer (hazard ratio = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.05-1.42). These prospective data suggest that coffee consumption may increase the risk of stomach cancer in a dose-response manner. This finding needs to be confirmed in other prospective studies.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, The National Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. susanna.larsson@ki.se
authors.forename: Susanna C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giovannucci
authors.forename: Alicja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wolk
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D003069:Coffee / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee