title: [Development of new surgical tools, Q-PAL and HP-Jet for endoscopy only used unilateral transnasal approach for pituitary adenomas].
abstract: The aim of this study is to present surgical techniques and results of endoscope-assisted transnasal approach (TNA) for pituitary adenomas. It is a new alternative for Hardy's surgery (TSS). We performed TNA assisted by only endoscope through single nostril.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enter the sphenoid sinus directly through the natural ostium and ablate neither the nasal septum nor the vomer bone. We found the hardest problem of this method resides in its deep and narrow working space which obstructs usage of two tools at same time. To overcome this problem we developed two surgical tools, Q-PAL and HP-Jet. Q-PAL is combination of PAL and suction. We place flexible PAL wire electrode through suction tube so as PAL tip protrudes from suction tip. This eliminates coagulation smoke which otherwise disturbs surgeons view. HP-Jet is a combination of a suction tool and an irrigator. The irrigator is connected to syringe containing saline. Saline is injected manually from tip bursting up tumor tissue with its jet pressure. It is safe and effective instrument suitable for extirpation of rather fragile tissue like adenomas existing in deep and blind spaces.
  
  
  METHODS
  Since 2004 we have operated on 16 patients using endoscopic TNA. Eight were non-functioning adenomas, and 8 functioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results of surgery were compared with those of 10 cases operated by TSS. More than 70% removal of adenoma was achieved in 75% of cases with TNA, but in only 71% with TSS. Postoperative CSF rhinorrhea was seen in one case. Four cases showed postsurgical transient diabetes insipidus. We had no case with postsurgical infection. With the help of instruments having multiple functions in single probe such as Q-PAL and HP-Jet, we can execute endoscopic TNA more smoothly and more safely.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan. nobukb@jichi.ac.jp
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Eiju
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ichimura
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007016:Hypophysectomy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008026:Ligation / Q000295:instrumentation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044583:Neuroendoscopy; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D013525:Surgical Instruments / Q000592:standards*