title: Chest radiography and pneumonia in primary care: diagnostic yield and consequences for patient management.
abstract: The current prospective cohort study assessed the diagnostic yield of chest radiography (CXR) in primary-care patients suspected of pneumonia. In total, 192 patients with a clinical suspicion of pneumonia aged >/=18 yrs were referred by their general practitioner (GP) for CXR to one of the three participating hospitals in the Netherlands. All GPs were asked to complete a standardised form before and after CXR. Pneumonia was diagnosed by GPs in 35 (18%) patients, of whom 27 (14%) patients had a positive CXR, and eight (4%) patients a negative CXR, but with an assumed high probability of pneumonia by the GP. CXR clearly influenced the diagnosis of pneumonia by the GP in 53% of the patients. CXR ruled out pneumonia in 47% and the probability of pneumonia substantially increased in 6% of the patients. Patient management changed after CXR in 69% of the patients, mainly caused by a reduction in medication prescription (from 43 to 17%) and more frequent reassurance of the patient (from 8 to 35%). In conclusion, pneumonia was frequently over diagnosed clinically by general practitioners. Chest radiography is a valuable diagnostic tool to substantially reduce the number of patients misdiagnosed and is particularly important for the exclusion of pneumonia in general practice.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Radiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands. aspeets@umcutrecht.nl
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Speets
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Hoes
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: van der Graaf
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalmijn
authors.forename: A P E
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Sachs
authors.forename: W P Th M
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Mali
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D010821:Physicians, Family; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011320:Primary Health Care; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic