title: Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface soil in Tianjin, China.
abstract: Principal component analysis and multiple linear regression were applied to apportion sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface soils of Tianjin, China based on the measured PAH concentrations of 188 surface soil samples. Four principal components were identified representing coal combustion, petroleum, coke oven plus biomass burning, and chemical industry discharge, respectively. The contributions of major sources were quantified as 41% from coal, 20% from petroleum, and 39% from coking and biomass, which are compatible with PAH emissions estimated based on fuel consumption and emission factors. When the study area was divided into three zones with distinctive differences in soil PAH concentration and profile, different source features were unveiled. For the industrialized Tanggu-Hangu zone, the major contributors were cooking (43%), coal (37%) and vehicle exhaust (20%). In rural area, however, in addition to the three main sources, biomass burning was also important (13%). In urban-suburban zone, incineration accounted for one fourth of the total.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: X J
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tao
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D002617:Chemical Industry; D002681:China; D003031:Coal; D003077:Coke; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D007536:Isomerism; D010578:Petroleum / Q000032:analysis; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis / Q000379:methods; D012423:Rural Health; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014504:Urban Health; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D003031:Coal; D003077:Coke; D010578:Petroleum; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D001335:Vehicle Emissions