title: Neuroprotective effect of exogenous microglia in global brain ischemia.
abstract: Exogenous microglia pass through the blood-brain barrier and migrate to ischemic hippocampal lesions when injected into the circulation. We investigated the effect of exogenous microglia on ischemic CA1 pyramidal neurons. Microglia were isolated from neonatal mixed brain cultures, labeled with the fluorescent dye PKH26, and injected into the subclavian artery of Mongolian gerbils subjected to ischemia reperfusion neuronal injury. PKH26-labeled microglia migrated to the ischemic hippocampal lesion, resulting in increased numbers of surviving neurons compared with control animals, even when injected 24 h after ischemia. Interferon-gamma stimulation of isolated microglia enhanced the neuroprotective effect. Administration of exogenous microglia resulted in normal performance in a passive avoidance-learning task. Additionally, administration of exogenous microglia increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in the ischemic hippocampus, and thus might have induced neurotrophin-dependent protective activity in damaged neurons. Peripherally injected microglia exhibited a specific affinity for ischemic brain lesions, and protected against ischemic neuronal injury in vivo. It is possible that administration of exogenous microglia can be developed as a potential candidate therapy for central nervous system repair after transitory global ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan. fimai@fujita-hu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Fumihiro
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Jumpei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Hirotoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sawada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002452:Cell Count; D017690:Cell Transplantation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000494:pharmacology; D005849:Gerbillinae; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008297:Male; D017628:Microglia / Q000637:transplantation*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D009930:Organic Chemicals; C070080:PKH 26