title: A prognostic model for advanced stage nonsmall cell lung cancer. Pooled analysis of North Central Cancer Treatment Group trials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A pooled analysis was performed to examine the impact of pretreatment factors on overall survival (OS) and time to progression (TTP) in patients with advanced-stage nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to construct a prediction equation for OS using pretreatment factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A pooled data set of 1053 patients from 9 North Central Cancer Treatment Group trials was used. Age, gender, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS), tumor stage (Stage IIIB vs. Stage IV), body mass index (BMI), creatinine level, hemoglobin (Hgb) level, white blood cell (WBC) count, and platelet count were evaluated for their prognostic significance in both univariate and multivariate analyses by using a Cox proportional-hazards model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients who had high WBC counts, low Hgb levels, PS >0, BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, and TNM Stage IV disease had significantly worse TTP and OS. Patients who had Stage IV disease with a high WBC count had a particularly poor prognosis. An equation to predict the OS of patients with Stage IV NSCLC based on pretreatment PS, BMI, Hgb level, and WBC count was constructed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In addition to the widely accepted prognostic factors of PS, BMI, and disease stage, both of the readily available laboratory parameters of Hgb level and WBC count were found to be significant prognostic factors for OS and TTP in patients with advanced-stage NSCLC. The authors' prediction equation can be used to evaluate the benefit of a treatment in Phase II trials by comparing the observed survival of a cohort with its expected survival by using the patients' own prognostic factors in place of comparisons with historic data that may have substantially different baseline patient characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. mandrekar.sumithra@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Sumithra J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Mandrekar
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Schild
authors.forename: Shauna L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hillman
authors.forename: Katie L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Randolph S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mailliard
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Krook
authors.forename: Andrew W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Maksymiuk
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chansky
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Alex A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Adjei
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jett
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D003404:Creatinine