title: Pressure changes under the ischial tuberosities of seated individuals during sacral nerve root stimulation.
abstract: Neuromuscular stimulation via the sacral nerve roots is proposed for prevention of ischial pressure ulcers following a spinal cord injury (SCI). Acute effects of sacral functional magnetic stimulation (FMS) on seat interface pressure changes were investigated in five nondisabled volunteers. Similar effects were demonstrated with functional electrical stimulation in people with SCI who used a sacral anterior root stimulator implant. The results indicated that sacral nerve root stimulation, either by FMS or implanted electrical stimulation, induced gluteus maximus contraction and mild pelvic tilt sufficient for clinically significant reductions in ischial pressures during sitting.
authors.affiliation: Spinal Research Centre, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital (RNOH), Stanmore, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Liang Qin
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Graham P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Nicholson
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chelvarajah
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gall
authors.forename: Fred R I
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Middleton
authors.forename: Martin W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Ferguson-Pell
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Craggs
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007512:Ischium / Q000503:physiopathology; D008160:Lumbosacral Plexus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011312:Pressure; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011336:Probability; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome