title: Basic fibroblast growth factor controls migration in human mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: Little is known about the migration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Some therapeutic approaches had demonstrated that MSCs were able to regenerate injured tissues when applied from different sites of application. This implies that MSCs are not only able to migrate but also that the direction of migration is controlled. Factors that are involved in the control of the migration of MSCs are widely unknown. The migratory ability of isolated MSCs was tested in different conditions. The migratory capability was examined using Boyden chamber assay in the presence or absence of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), erythropoietin, interleukin-6, stromal cell-derived factor-beta, and vascular endothelial growth factor. bFGF in particular was able to increase the migratory activity of MSCs through activation of the Akt/protein kinase B (PKB) pathway. The results were supported by analyzing the orientation of the cytoskeleton. In the presence of a bFGF gradient, the actin filaments developed a parallelized pattern that was strongly related to the gradient. Surprisingly, the influence of bFGF was not only an attraction but also routing of MSCs. The bFGF gradient experiment showed that low concentrations of bFGF lead to an attraction of the cells, whereas higher concentrations resulted in repulsion. This ambivalent effect of bFGF provides the possibility to a purposeful routing of MSCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ladage
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schinköthe
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Klausmann
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ulrichs
authors.forename: Franz-Josef
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Klinz
authors.forename: Klara
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brixius
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arnhold
authors.forename: Biren
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mehlhorn
authors.forename: Robert H G
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Schwinger
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Staib
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Addicks
authors.forename: Wilhelm
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bloch
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D016764:Cell Polarity; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014746:Vimentin / Q000378:metabolism; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D014746:Vimentin; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D006493:Heparin; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt