Intrathecal cytokines in spinal cord schistosomiasis.
We investigate the cytokine profile in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of patients with spinal cord schistosomiasis (SCS). Increased levels of IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 and low concentrations of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma were observed in both CSF and serum. CSF showed higher levels of IL-4 and IL-6 when compared to the paired serum samples. A negative correlation between the concentrations of IL-10 and IFN-gamma was observed in the CSF. These findings suggest an inflammatory as well as a skewed type-2 immune response that probably occur both locally and systemically and may be involved in the pathogenesis of SCS.
Ferrari
Teresa Cristina Abreu
TC
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena 190, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. tferrari@medicina.ufmg.br
Moreira
Paulo Roberto Rocha
PR
Sampaio
Márcio José
MJ
da Cunha
Aloísio Sales
AS
de Oliveira
José Teotônio
JT
Gazzinelli
Giovanni
G
Correa-Oliveira
Rodrigo
R
D000818:Animals; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007378:Interleukins / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D009187:Myelitis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D020818:Neuroschistosomiasis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000276:immunology; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology
D016207:Cytokines; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma