title: Role of caffeic acid phenethyl ester, an active component of propolis, against NAOH-induced esophageal burns in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was evaluated to investigate the efficacy of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), which is a natural honeybee product exhibits a spectrum of biological activities including anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumoral actions, on the prevention of stricture development after esophageal caustic injuries in the rat.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty healthy male Wistar albino rats were utilized in this study. The rats were randomly allotted into one of three experimental groups: group A (sham) animals were uninjured. Caustic esophageal burn was created by applying 1 ml 37.5% NaOH to the distal esophagus. Group B rats were injured but untreated. Group C rats were injured and received CAPE (10 micromol/kg/day i.p. for 28 days). Efficacy of the treatment was assessed by measuring the esophageal transit time, stenosis index, histopathologic damage score and biochemically by determining tissue hydroxyproline content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The esophageal transit time, the stenosis index, histopathologic damage score and the hydroxyproline level were significantly increased in the untreated group compared with the sham and CAPE-treated groups. Treatment with CAPE decreased tissue hydroxyproline levels, histological damage, and the stenosis index, but except the esophageal transit time. Caustic esophageal burn also increased the lipid peroxidation and decreased the antioxidant enzyme activities in the untreated group. CAPE treatments decreased the elevated lipid peroxidation and also increased the reduced antioxidant enzyme activities. In corrosive esophageal burn group with no treatment, the most consistent findings were degenerative changes and increased in submucosal collagen content, and the luminal narrowing. CAPE treatment protected esophagus. Nevertheless, there was the slight increase in submucosal collagen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that CAPE has a preventive effect on the stricture development after esophageal caustic injuries in the rat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health High School, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ocakci
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanter
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cabuk
authors.forename: Sadik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buyukbas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002057:Burns, Chemical / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002424:Caustics; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004947:Esophagus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000032:analysis; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011429:Propolis / Q000737:chemistry*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D002424:Caustics; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; D011429:Propolis; C055494:caffeic acid phenethyl ester; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol; D006909:Hydroxyproline