title: Prevalence of genes encoding exfoliative toxins, leucotoxins and superantigens among high and low virulence rabbit Staphylococcus aureus strains.
abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of pododermatitis, subcutaneous abscesses and mastitis in rabbits. On rabbitry level, two types of S. aureus infections can be distinguished. In the first type, caused by low virulence strains, the infection affects only a small number of animals. The second type of infection is caused by high virulence strains and spreads throughout the rabbit flock. The pathogenic capacity of a particular S. aureus strain is attributed to a combination of invasive properties and extracellular factors such as toxin production. Therefore, 22 high virulence and 37 low virulence S. aureus isolates were compared regarding the prevalence of genes encoding exfoliative toxins, leucotoxins and superantigens. This study revealed a clearly significant difference between HV and LV rabbit S. aureus strains. All typical HV isolates were positive for the egc cluster, containing the enterotoxin(like) genes seg, sei, selm, seln, selo and selu, whereas these genes were not detected in any of the LV isolates. Further research is necessary to clarify the importance of the egc cluster in the pathogenesis of infections with high virulence S. aureus strains in rabbits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke, Belgium. dieter.vancraeynest@UGent.be
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vancraeynest
authors.forename: Katleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hermans
authors.forename: Freddy
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Haesebrouck
mesh_terms: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000235:genetics*; D011817:Rabbits / Q000382:microbiology*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004768:Enterotoxins; D037521:Virulence Factors; C048165:adhesin, Staphylococcus aureus