title: Microvascular perspective of oxygen-carrying and -noncarrying blood substitutes.
abstract: The development of an alternative to natural blood has evolved from the initial goal of replicating blood properties to the current objective of formulating a fluid that can be used to replace blood while preserving microvascular function and delivering oxygen. The properties of this fluid are counterintuitive and different from blood because it has high viscosity, oxygen affinity, and a low oxygen carrier concentration when compared with blood. The optimal oxygen carrier devised presently is poly-ethylene-conjugated human hemoglobin, a material demonstrated to be vasoinactive and void of the toxicities present in previous hemoglobin formulations. A feature of this material is that it is effective in small quantities, and therefore amplifies the equivalent supply of blood derived from blood donations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0412, USA. mintagli@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Intaglietta
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cabrales
authors.forename: Amy G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000502:physiology; D001802:Blood Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001809:Blood Viscosity; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001802:Blood Substitutes; D006454:Hemoglobins; D010100:Oxygen