title: Association of-238G/A and -857C/T polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene promoter region with outcomes of hepatitis B virus infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether -238G/A and -857C/T polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene promoter were associated with outcomes of hepatitis B virus infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 246 HBV self-limited infected subjects and 443 chronic hepatitis B (HB) patients were recruited in this case-control study. TNF-alpha-238G/A and -857C/T gene promoter polymorphisms were examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of TNF-alpha-238 GG (90.7%) in chronic HB group was significantly lower than that (95.1%) in self-limited group (P = 0.041). The frequency of TNF-alpha-857 CC (79.7%) in chronic HB patients was significantly higher than that (70.9%) in self-limited infected subjects (P = 0.021). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that both TNF-alpha-238GA and -857CC were independently associated with chronic HB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TNF-alpha promoter variants are likely to play a substantial role in influencing the outcomes of HBV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China. copin@sohu.com
authors.forename: Hong-Quan
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jun-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian-Qun
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Ji-Rong
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Chun-Yan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Gou
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C439524:TNF protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha