title: Determination of pyridostigmine bromide and its metabolites in biological samples.
abstract: Pyridostigmine bromide (PB) is a quartenary ammonium compound that inhibits the hydrolysis of acetylcholine by competitive reversible binding to acetylcholinesterase. PB is used for the symptomatic treatment of myasthenia gravis and has been applied as a prophylaxis against nerve agents. Many studies on PB have involved the reliance on techniques that extract and quantify PB in biological samples. This article presents an overview of the currently applied methodologies for the determination of PB and its metabolites in various biological samples. Articles published from January 1975 to the July 2005 were taken into consideration for the discussion of the metabolism and analytical method of PB. HPLC and GC methods have been used and discussed in most of the references cited in this review. Other methods such as RIA and CE that have been recently reported are also mentioned in this article. Basic information about the type of sample used for analysis, sample preparation, chromatographic column, mobile phase, detection mode and validation data are summarized in a table.
authors.affiliation: Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore 117510, Republic of Singapore. zbin@dso.org.sg
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Shabbir M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Moochhala
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Mui Hoon
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006801:Humans; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000097:blood; D010949:Plasma / Q000737:chemistry; D011729:Pyridostigmine Bromide / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D011729:Pyridostigmine Bromide