title: Effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy with nelfinavir in vertically HIV-1 infected children: 3 years of follow-up. Long-term response to nelfinavir in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antiretroviral treatment (ART) in children has special features and consequently, results obtained from clinical trials with antiretroviral drugs in adults may not be representative of children. Nelfinavir (NFV) is an HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor (PI) which has become as one of the first choices of PI for ART in children. We studied during a 3-year follow-up period the effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy with nelfinavir in vertically HIV-1 infected children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two vertically HIV-infected children on HAART with NFV were involved in a multicentre prospective study. The children were monitored at least every 3 months with physical examinations, and blood sample collection to measure viral load (VL) and CD4+ cell count. We performed a logistic regression analysis to determinate the odds ratio of baseline characteristics on therapeutic failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Very important increase in CD4+ was observed and VL decreased quickly and it remained low during the follow-up study. Children with CD4+ <25% at baseline achieved CD4+ >25% at 9 months of follow-up. HIV-infected children who achieved undetectable viral load (uVL) were less than 40% in each visit during follow-up. Nevertheless, HIV-infected children with VL >5000 copies/ml were less than 50% during the follow-up study. Only baseline VL was an important factor to predict VL control during follow-up. Virological failure at defined end-point was confirmed in 30/42 patients. Along the whole of follow-up, 16/42 children stopped HAART with NFV. Baseline characteristics were not associated with therapeutic change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NFV is a safe drug with a good profile and able to achieve an adequate response in children.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmuno-Biología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain. sresino.hgugm@salud.madrid.org
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Resino
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Larrú
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maria Bellón
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Resino
authors.forename: Maria Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: de José
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: Juan Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Léon
authors.forename: José Tomás
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: Maria José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mellado
authors.forename: Maria Angeles
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Fernández
mesh_terms: D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D019888:Nelfinavir / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D019888:Nelfinavir