title: Increased hindsight bias in schizophrenia.
abstract: An underlying theme common to prominent theoretical accounts of cognition in schizophrenia is that information processing is disproportionately influenced by recently/currently encountered information relative to the influence of previously learned information. In this study, the authors tested this account by using the hindsight bias or knew-it-all-along (KIA) paradigm, which demonstrates that newly acquired knowledge influences recall of past events. In line with the account that patients with schizophrenia display a disproportionately strong influence of recently encountered information relative to the influence of previously learned information, patients displayed a KIA effect that was significantly greater than in controls. This result is discussed in the context of the cognitive underpinnings of the KIA effect and delusion formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Riverview Hospital, 2601 Lougheed Highway, Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada. toddswoodward@gmail.com
authors.forename: Todd S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Woodward
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moritz
authors.forename: Michelle M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Carrie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cuttler
authors.forename: Jennifer C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Whitman
authors.forename: D Stephen
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lindsay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007721:Knowledge of Results, Psychological; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011287:Prejudice; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011599:Psychopathology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology