title: MRI findings from a case of fulminating adult-onset measles encephalitis.
abstract: We report a rare case of fulminating adult-onset measles encephalitis. A 34-year-old man developed a comatose state after measles eruptions and ultimately akinetic mutism. Titers of anti-measles IgM antibodies were elevated in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 3 months after onset revealed widespread hyperintense lesions in the periventricular white matter and marginal hyperintense lesions in the brainstem on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and diffusion-weighted images. The marginal lesions in the brainstem are similar to subpial demyelinating lesions seen in postinfectious encephalomyelitis. This case of encephalitis may be related to an autoimmune-mediated process triggered by measles infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Iwate National Hospital, Yamanome, Ichinoseki.
authors.forename: Kazutaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Ayumu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohnuma
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Yasuto
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Itoyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000405:Akinetic Mutism / Q000209:etiology; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M