title: Comparative efficacy of liposome-entrapped amiloride and free amiloride in animal models of seizures and serum potassium in mice.
abstract: The present study was aimed to evaluate a liposomal formulation of amiloride on experimental seizure models including the increasing current electroshock seizure threshold test (ICES), pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures and PTZ-induced status epilepticus in mice. Further, the effect of liposomal amiloride on serum K(+) levels was also investigated using flame photometry. We found an improved anticonvulsant action with liposome-entrapped amiloride as compared to free amiloride. Further, free amiloride showed an increase in serum K(+) levels, however the latter was unaffected with liposomal formulation treatment. These results, together with previously published data, suggest that as drug delivery vehicles, liposomes can enhance the effectiveness of drugs in the CNS without producing peripheral toxicity (hyperkalemia).
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Atif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Krishna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kolappa Pillai
authors.forename: Farhan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jalees Ahmad
authors.forename: Yashomati
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dua
authors.forename: Zeenat
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Iqbal Khan
authors.forename: Divya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vohora
mesh_terms: D000584:Amiloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D003292:Convulsants; D004232:Diuretics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004597:Electroshock; D008081:Liposomes; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood*; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D003292:Convulsants; D004232:Diuretics; D008081:Liposomes; D000584:Amiloride; D011188:Potassium; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole