title: Synapse formation and function is modulated by the amyloid precursor protein.
abstract: The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is critical in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. The question of its normal biological function in neurons, in which it is predominantly located at synapses, is still unclear. Using autaptic cultures of hippocampal neurons, we demonstrate that hippocampal neurons lacking APP show significantly enhanced amplitudes of evoked AMPA- and NMDA-receptor-mediated EPSCs. The size of the readily releasable synaptic vesicle pool was also increased in neurons lacking APP, whereas the release probability was not affected. In addition, the analysis of spontaneous miniature synaptic currents revealed an augmented frequency in neurons lacking APP, whereas the amplitude of miniature synaptic currents was not found to be altered. Together, these findings strongly indicate that lack of APP increases the number of functional synapses. This hypothesis is further supported by morphometric immunohistochemical analysis revealing an increase of synaptophysin-positive puncta per cultured APP knock-out neuron. In conclusion, lack of APP affects synapse formation and transmission in cultured hippocampal neurons.
authors.affiliation: Zentrum für Neuropathologie und Prion Forschung, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Priller
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Gerda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mitteregger
authors.forename: Bjarne
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krebs
authors.forename: Hans A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Kretzschmar
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herms
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism; D016708:Synaptophysin / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000494:pharmacology; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D016708:Synaptophysin; D014280:Triglycerides; C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; C057077:1,2-dilinolenoyl-3-(4-aminobutyryl)propane-1,2,3-triol; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D010450:Endopeptidases; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; C509282:Bace1 protein, mouse