title: Effects and uptake of polycyclic aromatic compounds in snails (Helix aspersa).
abstract: The International Standardization Organization recently launched a soil toxicity test with snails (Helix aspersa). We assessed the sensitivity of this test for seven polycyclic aromatic compounds. Control animals had 100% survival and low variability for growth measurements. Maximum exposure concentrations of 2800 mg/kg (4000 mg/kg for acridine) had no effect on survival. Similarly, growth (biomass and shell size) was not affected by pyrene, fluoranthene, fluorene, carbazole, phenanthrene, or acridine, whereas dibenzothiophene gave a 10% effect concentration of 1600 mg/kg. Measured internal concentrations of carbazole, dibenzothiophene, and acridine increased with increasing soil concentrations, but biota-soil accumulation factors were low (0.002-0.1). Compared to previously tested organisms, with all being exposed in the same soil type and under similar test conditions, the H. aspersa test was relatively insensitive to all substances.
authors.affiliation: Jordforsk-Norwegian Centre for Soil and Environmental Research, N-1432 As, Norway. line.sverdrup@bio.uio.no
authors.forename: Line Emilie
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Sverdrup
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Vaufleury
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hartnik
authors.forename: Snorre B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hagen
authors.forename: Andreas Paul
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Loibner
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012908:Snails / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D012987:Soil
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012987:Soil