title: Gonadal hormone regulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in the medial amygdala subnuclei across the estrous cycle and in castrated and treated female rats.
abstract: The medial amygdala (MeA) is a sexually dimorphic area that modulates neuroendocrine and behavioral activities and where gonadal hormones play an important role in neuron-glial and synaptic plasticity. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify the astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the different MeA subnuclei--anterodorsal (MeAD), posterodorsal (MePD) and posteroventral (MePV)--of intact female rats in the different phases of the estrous cycle and in ovariectomized females treated with hormonal substitutive therapy. Data semi-quantified by optical densitometry showed that, in the proestrus phase, the GFAP immunoreactivity (GFAP-ir) was higher when compared to the other phases of the estrous cycle (P < 0.02). GFAP-ir was also higher in the MePD than in the MeAD or in the MePV (P < 0. 02). In ovariectomized females, injections of estradiol alone or estradiol plus progesterone increased GFAP-ir in the MePD and in the MePV (P < 0.001), but not in the MeAD (P > 0.3), when compared to control data. These findings suggest that astrocytic GFAP in the MeA subnuclei can be affected either by physiological levels or by hormonal manipulation of the ovarian steroids, which may contribute to the plasticity of local and integrated functional activities of these brain areas in female rats.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, R. Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Erica E S
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Hermel
authors.forename: Léder L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.forename: Giordano G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Viola
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riboldi
authors.forename: Alberto A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rasia-Filho
authors.forename: Matilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Achaval
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009490:Neurosecretory Systems / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol