title: Oncostatin M induces growth arrest by inhibition of Skp2, Cks1, and cyclin A expression and induced p21 expression.
abstract: Oncostatin M has been characterized as a potent growth inhibitor for various tumor cells. Oncostatin M-treated glioblastoma cells cease proliferation and instigate astrocytal differentiation. The oncostatin M-induced cell cycle arrest in G(1) phase is characterized by increased level of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitory proteins p21(Cip1/Waf1/Sdi1) and p27(Kip1). Induction of p21 protein corresponds to increased mRNA level, whereas p27 accumulates due to increased stability of the protein. Interestingly, stabilization of p27(Kip1) occurs even in S phase, showing that p27 stabilization is a direct consequence of oncostatin M signaling and not a result of the cell cycle arrest. Degradation of p27 in late G(1) and S phase is initiated by the ubiquitin ligase complex SCF-Skp2/Cks1. Oncostatin M inhibits expression of two components of this E3 ligase complex (Skp2 and Cks1). Although combined overexpression of Skp2 and Cks1 rescues p27 degradation in S phase, it can not override p27 accumulation in G(1) phase and cell cycle arrest by oncostatin M. In addition to increasing Cdk inhibitor level, oncostatin M also impairs cyclin A expression. Cyclin A mRNA and protein level decline shortly after oncostatin M addition. The accumulation of two CDK inhibitor proteins and the repression of cyclin A expression may explain the broad and potent antiproliferative effect of the cytokine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Halfter
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Friedrich
authors.forename: Ansgar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Resch
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kullmann
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stögbauer
authors.forename: E Bernd
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Ringelstein
authors.forename: Ludger
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hengst
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019925:Cyclin A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D053683:Oncostatin M; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D044786:S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; C093090:CKS1B protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D019925:Cyclin A; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016207:Cytokines; C508351:OSM protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D044786:S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins; D053683:Oncostatin M; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases