title: Combined treatment of major depression in patients with borderline personality disorder: a comparison with pharmacotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Combined treatment with psychotherapy and antidepressants is more effective than monotherapies. Recent data show that combined therapy has better results in patients with depression and Axis II codiagnosis. The aim of this study was to compare combined treatment using interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) with pharmacotherapy alone in patients with depression and borderline personality disorder (BPD).
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 39 consecutive outpatients diagnosed with BPD who presented with a major depressive episode enrolled in this study. They were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups: fluoxetine 20 mg to 40 mg daily or fluoxetine 20 mg to 40 mg daily plus IPT 1 session weekly. Owing to noncompliance, 7 patients dropped out. We assessed the 32 patients who completed the 24 weeks of treatment at baseline, Week 12, and Week 24, using a semistructured interview for clinical characteristics, the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), and 2 self-report questionnaires, that is, the Satisfaction Profile (SAT-P) for quality of life and the 64-item Inventory for Interpersonal Problems (IIP-64). We performed statistical analysis, using univariate general linear models with 2 factors: duration and type of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Changes in remission rates, CGI, and HARS score did not differ between treatments. According to changes in the HDRS scores; changes in psychological functioning and social functioning scores on the SAT-P; and changes in vindictive or self-centred, cold or distant, intrusive or needy, and socially inhibited scores on the IIP-64, combined therapy was superior to fluoxetine alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined therapy with IPT is more effective than antidepressant therapy alone, both in treating symptoms of major depression and in improving dimensions of quality of life and interpersonal functioning.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Torino, Italy. silvio.bellino@unito.it
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bellino
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zizza
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bogetto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011613:Psychotherapy
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D005473:Fluoxetine