title: Epigenetic alchemy for cell fate conversion.
abstract: Recent progress in neural stem cell research shows that a number of extrinsic factors and intracellular mechanisms, including epigenetic modifications, are involved in the self-renewal of neural stem cells and in neuronal and glial differentiation. Remarkably, there is increasing evidence that the remodeling of chromatin structure and the alteration of epigenetic marks, including histone methylation and acetylation and DNA methylation, can cause committed cells to convert from one fate to another, and such converted cells are functional when transplanted in vivo. Thus, epigenetic research might generate the alchemy required to convert any non-neural stem cells into functional neural stem cells, which are few and difficult to extract from the adult central nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Cell Lineage Modulation, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan. tkondo@cdb.riken.jp
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D019175:DNA Methylation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006657:Histones