title: Effect of dietary phosphorus, phytase, and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on broiler chicken bone mineralization, litter phosphorus, and processing yields.
abstract: Three floor pen experiments (Exp) were conducted to evaluate low nonphytin P (NPP) concentrations and the NPP sparing effect of phytase (PHY) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25D) on bone mineralization, bone breaking during commercial processing, litter P, and water-soluble P (WSP) concentrations. Tested treatments (TRT) were control, National Research Council NPP; University of Maryland (UMD) NPP; UMD + PHY, UMD NPP reduced by 0.064% NPP + 600 U of PHY/kg; UMD + PHY + 25D, UMD NPP reduced by 0.090% NPP + 600 U of PHY and 70 microg of 25D/kg; control + PHY mimicked the industry practice of diets by 0.1% when PHY is added; and negative control with 90% UMD NPP concentrations. UMD + PHY and control + PHY diets contained 600 U of PHY/kg, and UMD + PHY + 25D contained 600 U of PHY + 70 microg of 25D/kg. Performance results were presented separately. After each Exp, litter P and WSP were determined, and bone measurements were obtained on 8 or 10 broilers per pen. Tested TRT did not affect broiler BW. Femur ash weight of broilers fed the UMD and UMD + PHY + 25D was lower in all Exp compared with that of broilers fed the control diet. Femur ash was similar for control and UMD + PHY broilers, yet averaged over all Exp, UMD + PHY broilers consumed 39% less NPP and required less NPP per gram of femur ash than those on the control (4.87 and 7.77 g of NPP/g of ash, Exp 3). At the end of Exp 3, broilers were processed in a commercial facility. Despite reductions in NPP intake and bone mineralization, no differences were observed in measurements of economic importance (parts lost, carcass yield, and incidence of broken bones). The P excretion per bird was lowest for birds fed the UMD + PHY + 25D diet followed by those fed the UMD + PHY and negative control diets (10.44, 12.00, and 13.78 g of P/bird, respectively) and were highest for those fed the control diet (19.55 g of P/bird). These results suggest that feeding diets low in P together with PHY and 25D will not affect performance or increase losses at processing while resulting in improved P retention and reductions in P and WSP excreted.
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland, College Park 20742, USA. rangel@umd.edu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Angel
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Saylor
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Powers
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Applegate
mesh_terms: D010832:6-Phytase / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development*; D005430:Floors and Floorcoverings; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D010758:Phosphorus; D010832:6-Phytase; D002112:Calcifediol