title: Vineberg's procedure modified technique: flow analysis, immediate postoperative results and angiographic evaluation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate angiographic results of patients subjected to a technique variation of Vineberg's procedure, as well as their morbidity and mortality in immediate postoperative period, and to analyze the flow of grafted left internal thoracic artery (LITA) at rest and under stress.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between September 1999 and April 2002 eight patients were operated upon, with implant of the internal thoracic artery (ITA) in the intimal layer of the left ventricle (LV) muscle. After 6 months, they underwent angiographic and Doppler evaluation. According to Doppler study of LITA, the sample was divided in two groups: "Vineberg group," formed by eight patients; and "control group" consisting of 20 patients whose LITA directly revascularize the anterior interventricular artery (AIV). Angiography showed patency of all grafts in both groups. Blood flow and flow velocity in grafts were measured by Doppler echocardiography. T-test for paired and unpaired samples were used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no deaths or complications in immediate postoperative period. Angiography showed 100% patency. The total flow (TF) of Vineberg group was 55% of the flow in the control group. In both groups, the TF increased with the stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This Vineberg's technique modification can be successfully used in patients who cannot undergo traditional direct revascularization due to its low rates of morbidity and mortality and a high rate of patency, providing a significant blood flow both at rest and under stress.
authors.affiliation: ICORP, Dr. José Lourenço Street 625, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. glaucolobo@uol.com.br
authors.forename: José G Lobo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.forename: Antonio J V
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Forte
authors.forename: Maria C A
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Leitão
authors.forename: Heraldo G Lobo
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.forename: André A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: João J A
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Machado
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007387:Internal Mammary-Coronary Artery Anastomosis / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D014654:Vascular Patency