title: Laparoscopic management of endometrial cancer in nonobese and obese women: A consecutive series.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the technical feasibility and surgical outcome of a 5 mm-ports technique in a consecutive series of women with endometrial cancer laparoscopically managed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective collaborative cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two gynecologic oncology units of university hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  A series of consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and pelvic lymphadenectomy for the treatment of endometrial cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 10-mm zero-degree umbilical operative laparoscope and three 5-mm suprapubic trocars were used. The lymph nodes were removed with the use of a specimen bag through the umbilical port. Intraoperative and postoperative details and complications were prospectively collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 101 patients were enrolled. Twenty-two (21.8%) had a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or higher, and nine (8.9%) were severely obese (BMI > or =35 kg/m2). One hundred procedures (99%) were carried out entirely with only three 5-mm ancillary trocars. In one patient, a 5-mm trocar was replaced with a 10-mm trocar because of a lesion of the external iliac vein requiring the placement of vascular clips. One procedure needed to be converted to laparotomy. Intraoperative complications occurred in three patients (one bladder injury and one iliac vein injury, both managed laparoscopically, and one subcutaneous emphysema). Postoperative complications occurred in 10 (10%) patients. The only complication requiring a subsequent intervention was a symptomatic pelvic lymphocyst. No difference was found in surgical outcomes between obese women and those of ideal BMI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of only 5-mm ancillary trocars for the laparoscopic treatment of endometrial cancer can further minimize surgical invasiveness without compromising surgical efficacy and safety in patients with high BMI as well as for women with ideal BMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Insubria, Del Ponte Hospital, Varese, Italy. fabio.ghezzi@uninsubria.it
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ghezzi
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cromi
authors.forename: Valentino
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bergamini
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uccella
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beretta
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franchi
authors.forename: Pierfrancesco
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bolis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000601:surgery; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000379:methods*; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D010535:Laparoscopy; D007902:Length of Stay; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome