title: Direct reporting of laboratory test results to patients by mail to enhance patient safety.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Missed test results are common in clinical practice and compromise patient safety. Direct reporting, whereby testing centers systematically notify both patients and providers of important test results, constitutes a potential solution, but provider acceptance is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess provider interest in direct reporting of selected test results and how interest varied across different tests.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey of primary care physicians at a tertiary care academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five-point Likert scores were used to gauge each physician's interest (1 = not at all interested to 5 = very interested) in scenarios pertaining to the direct reporting of 3 diagnostic tests of low (DXA scan), intermediate (genital herpes testing), and high (breast biopsy) "emotional impact" and whether interest varied with each test's result (normal vs abnormal). Physicians were also asked to cite specific advantages and disadvantages of direct reporting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate was 73% (148/202). Physician interest in direct reporting decreased progressively as scenarios shifted from low (DXA scan) to high (breast biopsy) emotional impact (P < .001); interest in direct reporting was also higher when results were normal rather than abnormal (P < .001). Common advantages of direct reporting cited by respondents were reductions in workload (selected by 75% of respondents) and reductions in missed diagnoses (38%). The most common concerns were that patients would become unnecessarily frightened (70%) and would seek unreliable information (65%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Direct reporting of selected test results to patients is one system for insuring that important results are not missed, but implementation should consider the specific test in question, the test result, and provider preferences.
authors.affiliation: University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Forman-Hoffman
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cram
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques; D003219:Confidentiality; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010821:Physicians, Family; D011177:Postal Service / Q000379:methods