title: A quantitative analysis of the relationship between the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale and traditional coronary artery disease risk factors.
abstract: One possible explanation for the association between Cook-Medley Hostility Scale (Ho Scale; W. W. Cook & D. M. Medley, 1954) scores and premature coronary artery disease (CAD) morbidity and mortality is that hostile persons also have elevations on CAD risk factors. Meta-analyses with fixed and random-effects models were used to evaluate the relationship between Ho Scale scores and CAD risk factors in the empirical literature. Ho Scale scores were significantly related to body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, insulin resistance, lipid ratio, triglycerides, glucose, socioeconomic status (SES), alcohol consumption, and smoking. Although there was also heterogeneity among study outcomes, the results of conservative random effects models provide confidence in the obtained relationships. On the basis of available evidence, researchers might give attention to obesity, insulin resistance, damaging health behaviors, and SES as potential contributing factors in understanding the association between Ho Scale scores and CAD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Spence Labs, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1407, USA.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bunde
authors.forename: Jerry
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suls
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D005947:Glucose