Gastrointestinal manifestations associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Gastrointestinal symptoms are often difficult to interpret in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Symptoms can develop either from symptomatic autoimmune tissue injury, complications of lupus-related organ dysfunction, infections, thrombembolic manifestations of anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome, medication or unrelated disorders. We describe the gastrointestinal manifestations of lupus and discuss the diagnostic approach and therapy.
Witt
M
M
Medical Policlinic, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Germany.
Zecher
D
D
Anders
H-J
HJ
D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications*