title: Prediction of recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax: CT scan findings versus management features.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the association between primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) recurrence and pulmonary CT scan findings, and other variables pertaining to clinical presentation and management.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients hospitalized for the first episode of PSP and treated by various strategies including chest tube or pleurocatheter drainage and, in persistent pneumothorax, by chemical or surgical pleurodesis. All patients had a pulmonary CT scan examination in the week following hospital discharge in order to calculate a score combining distribution, number and size of dystrophic pulmonary abnormalities. This score as well as other pertinent clinical and therapeutic parameters were compared between patients who ultimately experienced PSP recurrence and those who did not.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty patients (mean age: 27+/-7 yr) were admitted for PSP and had a chest drainage with either a drain or pleurocatheter. Chest drainage and hospitalization durations were 4.7+/-3.2 and 6.2+/-3.5 days, respectively. Sixteen patients required chemical pleurodesis. Dystrophic bullae were present in CT scans in 72.5% patients. After a mean follow up of 34+/-20 months, 15 out of the 80 patients (19%) had a PSP recurrence. Multivariate statistical analysis disclosed the use of pleurocatheter (OR=5; 95% CI: 1.4-20; P=0.02) and of chemical pleurodesis (OR=8; 95% CI: 1.5-47; P=0.015) as independent predictors of PSP recurrence. The severity of dystrophic lesions inferred from the dystrophic score was not statistically associated with the risk of recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dystrophic lesions are frequently present in PSP. They are not associated with an increased risk of recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit and Radiology Department, CHU Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Lamia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ouanes-Besbes
authors.forename: Mondher
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Golli
authors.forename: Jalel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knani
authors.forename: Fahmi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dachraoui
authors.forename: Noureddine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nciri
authors.forename: Souheil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: El Atrous
authors.forename: Amor
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gannouni
authors.forename: Fekri
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abroug
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018700:Pleurodesis / Q000379:methods; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*