title: Metastatic bone cancer pain: etiology and treatment options.
abstract: Painful metastatic bone disease remains a challenge for physicians. The treatment choices available are wide and varied, with each having its appropriate place in the management of painful bone metastases. Radiotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment with or without surgery. Advances in understanding the intricate pathway responsible for pain generation and the addition of agents such as bisphosphonates to the physician's armamentarium further assist in the management of painful bone metastases.
authors.affiliation: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Orthopaedic Department, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: Gary C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: O'Toole
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boland
mesh_terms: D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D059408:Pain Management