title: The beat goes on: rhythmic modulation of cortical potentials by imagined tapping.
abstract: A frequency analysis was used to tag cortical activity from imagined rhythmic movements. Participants synchronized overt and imagined taps with brief visual stimuli presented at a constant rate, alternating between left and right index fingers. Brain potentials were recorded from across the scalp and topographic maps made of their power at the alternation frequency between left and right taps. Two prominent power foci occurred in each hemisphere for both overt and imagined taps, one over sensorimotor cortex and the other over posterior parietal cortex, with homologous foci in opposite hemispheres arising from oscillations 180 degrees out of phase. These findings demonstrate temporal isomorphism at a neural level between overt and imagined movements and illustrate a new approach to studying covert actions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. aosman@psych.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Albert
authors.forename: K Richard
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Ridderinkhof
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Band
authors.forename: Maurits
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van der Molen
mesh_terms: D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D003118:Color Perception / Q000502:physiology; D003463:Cues; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004576:Electromyography; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor / Q000502:physiology; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination / Q000502:physiology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013998:Time Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D014584:User-Computer Interface