title: The tissue microarray object model: a data model for storage, analysis, and exchange of tissue microarray experimental data.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tissue microarray (TMA) is an array-based technology allowing the examination of hundreds of tissue samples on a single slide. To handle, exchange, and disseminate TMA data, we need standard representations of the methods used, of the data generated, and of the clinical and histopathologic information related to TMA data analysis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To create a comprehensive data model with flexibility that supports diverse experimental designs and with expressivity and extensibility that enables an adequate and comprehensive description of new clinical and histopathologic data elements.
  
  
  METHODS
  We designed a tissue microarray object model (TMA-OM). Both the array information and the experimental procedure models are created by referring to the microarray gene expression object model, minimum information specification for in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry experiments, and the TMA data exchange specifications. The clinical and histopathologic information model is created by using College of American Pathologists cancer protocols and National Cancer Institute common data elements. Microarray Gene Expression Data Ontology, the Unified Medical Language System, and the terms extracted from College of American Pathologists cancer protocols and NCI common data elements are used to create a controlled vocabulary for unambiguous annotation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The TMA-OM consists of 111 classes in 17 packages to represent clinical and histopathologic information as well as experimental data for any type of cancer. We implemented a Web-based application for TMA-OM, supporting data export in XML format conforming to the TMA data exchange specifications or the document type definition derived from TMA-OM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The TMA-OM provides a comprehensive data model for storage, analysis, and exchange of TMA data and facilitates model-level integration of other biological models.
authors.affiliation: Seoul National University Biomedical Informatics, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yu Rang
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jaehyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sim
authors.forename: Rae Woong
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Woo Ho
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ju Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D033181:Information Dissemination / Q000379:methods*; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data