Increased hindsight bias in schizophrenia.
An underlying theme common to prominent theoretical accounts of cognition in schizophrenia is that information processing is disproportionately influenced by recently/currently encountered information relative to the influence of previously learned information. In this study, the authors tested this account by using the hindsight bias or knew-it-all-along (KIA) paradigm, which demonstrates that newly acquired knowledge influences recall of past events. In line with the account that patients with schizophrenia display a disproportionately strong influence of recently encountered information relative to the influence of previously learned information, patients displayed a KIA effect that was significantly greater than in controls. This result is discussed in the context of the cognitive underpinnings of the KIA effect and delusion formation.
Woodward
Todd S
TS
Department of Research, Riverview Hospital, 2601 Lougheed Highway, Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada. toddswoodward@gmail.com
Moritz
Steffen
S
Arnold
Michelle M
MM
Cuttler
Carrie
C
Whitman
Jennifer C
JC
Lindsay
D Stephen
DS
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007721:Knowledge of Results, Psychological; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011287:Prejudice; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011599:Psychopathology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology