Red wine polyphenols prevent angiotensin II-induced hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in rats: role of NADPH oxidase.
OBJECTIVE
Chronic administration of moderate amounts of red wine has been associated with a protective effect on the cardiovascular system. This study examined whether red wine polyphenols prevent the angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in rats, and, if so, to elucidate the underlying mechanism.


METHODS
Hypertensive rats were obtained by a 14-day infusion of Ang II. Red wine polyphenols were administered in the drinking water one week before and during the Ang II infusion. Arterial pressure was measured in conscious rats. Ex vivo vascular relaxation was assessed in organ chambers, vascular superoxide anion production by dihydroethidine and vascular NADPH oxidase expression by immunohistochemistry.


RESULTS
Ang II-induced hypertension was associated with decreased relaxation to acetylcholine but not to red wine polyphenols. The Ang II treatment also increased vascular superoxide anion production and expression of nox1 and p22phox NADPH oxidase subunits. Intake of red wine polyphenols prevented the Ang II-induced hypertension and endothelial dysfunction and normalized vascular superoxide anion production and NADPH oxidase subunit expression. Red wine polyphenol treatment alone did not affect blood pressure.


CONCLUSIONS
Intake of red wine polyphenols prevents Ang II-induced hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. Prevention of vascular NADPH oxidase induction and preservation of arterial nitric oxide availability during Ang II administration likely contribute to this effect.
Sarr
Mamadou
M
UMR CNRS 7175, Pharmacologie et Physico-Chimie, 67401 Illkirch, France.
Chataigneau
Marta
M
Martins
Sandrine
S
Schott
Christa
C
El Bedoui
Jasser
J
Oak
Min-Ho
MH
Muller
Bernard
B
Chataigneau
Thierry
T
Schini-Kerth
Valérie B
VB
D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010656:Phenylephrine; D059808:Polyphenols; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014920:Wine
D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D013481:Superoxides; D000804:Angiotensin II; D009599:Nitroprusside; D010656:Phenylephrine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D000109:Acetylcholine