Proteomic analysis of a distilling strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during industrial grain fermentation.
The fermentation performance of industrial yeast strains is influenced, among other things, by their genetic composition and the nature of the fermentable sugar, availability of nitrogen, and temperature. Therefore, to manipulate the fermentation process, it is important to understand, at a molecular level, the changes occurring in the yeast cell throughout industrial fermentation processes. With this aim in mind, using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), we have examined the proteome of distillers yeast in an industrial context. Using yeast sampled from a local grain whisky distillery, we have prepared a detailed reference map of the proteome of distillers yeast and have examined in some detail the alterations in protein levels that occur throughout fermentation. In particular, as fermentation progresses, there is a significant increase in the levels of a variety of proteins involved in protecting against stress and nitrogen limitation. These results therefore give an insight into the stresses that yeast are exposed to in industrial fermentations and reveal some of the proteins and enzymes that are either necessary or important for efficient fermentation.
Hansen
Rasmus
R
The International Centre for Brewing and Distilling, School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
Pearson
Stephen Y
SY
Scotch Whisky Research Institute, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AP, UK.
Brosnan
James M
JM
Scotch Whisky Research Institute, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AP, UK.
Meaden
Philip G
PG
The International Centre for Brewing and Distilling, School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
Jamieson
Derek J
DJ
The International Centre for Brewing and Distilling, School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK. d.j.jamieson@hw.ac.uk.
D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
D002241:Carbohydrates; D020543:Proteome; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D000431:Ethanol; D009584:Nitrogen