title: Logic gates and elementary computing by enzymes.
abstract: Different selected enzymes, glucose oxidase (GOx), catalase (Cat), glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH), are used alone or coupled to construct eight different logic gates. The added substrates for the respective enzymes, glucose and H(2)O(2), act as the gate inputs, while the biocatalytically generated gluconic acid or NADH are the output signals that follow the operation of the gates. Different enzyme-based gates are XOR, INHIBIT A, INHIBIT B, AND, OR, NOR, Identity and Inverter gates. By combining the AND and XOR or the XOR and INHIBIT A gates, the half-adder and half-subtractor are constructed, respectively, opening the way to elementary computing by the use of enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
authors.forename: Ronan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.forename: Oleg
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lioubashevski
authors.forename: Eugenii
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niazov
authors.forename: Itamar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Willner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002415:Cats; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004798:Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D013053:Spectrophotometry
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes