title: Changes in nucleolar morphology and proteins during infection with the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus.
abstract: The nucleolus is a dynamic subnuclear structure involved in ribosome subunit biogenesis, cell cycle control and mediating responses to cell stress, among other functions. While many different viruses target proteins to the nucleolus and recruit nucleolar proteins to facilitate virus replication, the effect of infection on the nucleolus in terms of morphology and protein content is unknown. Previously we have shown that the coronavirus nucleocapsid protein will localize to the nucleolus. In this study, using the avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus, we have shown that virus infection results in a number of changes to the nucleolus both in terms of gross morphology and protein content. Using confocal microscopy coupled with fluorescent labelled nucleolar marker proteins we observed changes in the morphology of the nucleolus including an enlarged fibrillar centre. We found that the tumour suppressor protein, p53, which localizes normally to the nucleus and nucleolus, was redistributed predominately to the cytoplasm.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Brian K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Dove
authors.forename: Jae-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Mark L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: Stevan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Emmett
authors.forename: Gavin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: Julian A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hiscox
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D000086462:Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins; D001351:Infectious bronchitis virus / Q000502:physiology*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D000086462:Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53