title: Clinical differences among depressed patients with and without a history of suicide attempts: findings from the STAR*D trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study sought to determine whether a history of suicide attempts among outpatients diagnosed with nonpsychotic major depressive disorder (MDD) is correlated with any difference in clinical presentation that should influence patient care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline data from the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR()D) trial on outpatients with MDD treated in primary and specialty care settings were used to model significant demographic and clinical correlates of suicide attempter status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Altogether, 16.5% of participants (n=667) reported prior suicide attempts. Controlling for age, gender, and depressive symptom severity, previous attempters had more current general medical conditions (micro=3.2 vs. 2.9, p<.0001), more current alcohol/substance abuse (p<.0001), and more work hours missed in the past week (26.2% vs. 18.2%, p<.0001) than non-attempters. On average, for the previously suicidal, the onset of MDD occurred 8.9 years earlier in life (p<.0001) and had included 1.2 additional depressive episodes (p=0.001) compared to those without prior suicidal behavior. Previous attempters also reported more current suicidal ideation (61.3% of previous attempters, adjusted OR 1.6, vs. 45.5% of nonattempters, p<.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Presence or absence of a history of suicide attempts was determined only through self report.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Those with a history of suicidal behavior suffer a greater burden of depressive illness. Earlier intervention and ongoing, aggressive care, including maintenance-phase pharmacotherapy, may be critical to mitigating the long-term consequences associated with this increased disease burden.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Division of Clinical Psychology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas 75235-9119, United States. Cindy.Claassen@UTSouthwestern.edu
authors.forename: Cynthia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Claassen
authors.forename: Madhukar H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Trivedi
authors.forename: A John
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Rush
authors.forename: Mustafa M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Husain
authors.forename: Sidney
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zisook
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leuchter
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Wisniewski
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Balasubramani
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alpert
mesh_terms: D000041:Absenteeism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015897:Comorbidity; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011613:Psychotherapy; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D012737:Sex Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents