title: Effect of a periodized exercise training and active recovery program on antitumor activity and development of dendritic cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells that promote antitumor immunity in vivo when pulsed with tumor antigen. No studies have indicated that exercise training affects DC function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 5-week periodized exercise training and active recovery program on the development of DCs, and to test their effect on the antitumor immunity of mononuclear cells (MNC) from blood and spleen against human leukemic U937 and murine lymphoma Yac-1 cells, respectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Fisher 344 rats were divided into 2 groups: exercise and non-exercise group. The training protocol consisted of running on a motor-driven treadmill 6 days a week for consecutive 5 weeks, during which the running time, treadmill speed, and incline gradient were increased weekly. Active recovery parameters were set at 30% of the intensity of the previous day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DC numbers increased significantly (P<0.05) in the exercise group compared to controls, but there were no significant changes in the expression of surface antigens CD80 and CD86. In exercise group MNC-conditioned medium (CM) prepared with 50 microg/mL phytohemagglutinin (PHA) significantly inhibited proliferation of U937 cells, and splenocyte-CM with PHA at 20 and 40 microg/mL significantly inhibited proliferation of YAC-1 cells greater than control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 5-week periodized exercise training with active recovery promotes the number of DCs and enhances the activity of DCs against tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Y Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: L Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D001769:Blood; D002452:Cell Count; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins