title: The 'Skull from Bangkok': a skull of a betel quid chewer in the anthropological collection of Rudolf Virchow (Berlin).
abstract: This report describes the 'Skull from Bangkok', collected by Rudolf Virchow (Berlin, Germany) in the late 19th century. The skull is part of an extensive anthropological collection of skeletons and skulls from all over the world. The skull was probably brought to Berlin during the years 1882-1883. An inscription on the frontal bone gives the name of the skull: 'Skull from Bangkok'. The few remaining teeth of the maxilla show brown black stains because of betel quid chewing. In the collection, there is an extensive number of skulls from South- and Southeast Asia with similar betel stains. Virchow himself was aware of this habit and has described some of the skulls in detail often mentioning the black stains because of betel quid chewing. The Skull from Bangkok is a proof that betel quid chewing was prevalent in Siam of the late 19th century.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Radiology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum. peter-a.reichart@charite.de
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Reichart
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Creutz
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scheifele
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001114:Areca / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001604:Berlin; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013785:Thailand / Q000208:ethnology; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000266:history*