title: Complement factor H increases risk for atrophic age-related macular degeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if the complement factor H gene (CFH) determines risk for development of geographic atrophy (GA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The independent case-control data set contained 647 age-related macular degeneration (AMD) cases (grades 3, 4, or 5) and 163 controls (grades 1 or 2).
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine if CFH had any effect on determining risk for development of GA in an independent case-control data set of 647 AMD cases and 163 controls, the rs1061170 single-nucleotide polymorphism was tested for association, separating grades and analyzing them independently against the controls. Odds ratios were calculated using standard logistic regression models.
  
  
  METHODS
  The outcome variable was AMD affection status, and genotypes were coded according to a log-additive model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 407 grade 5, 107 grade 4, 133 grade 3, 35 grade 2, and 128 grade 1 individuals. There was significant association with AMD when comparing grades 3, 4, and 5 versus the controls. The highest odds ratio was obtained when analyzing the grade-4 cases versus the grade-1 controls (OR = 3.217, P<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that CFH increases the risk of developing GA (grade 4) as well as neovascular (grade 5) and milder (grade 3) disease. Although neovascular disease is responsible for the majority of severe vision loss with AMD, GA is also a significant cause of vision loss, and without effective treatment. Therefore, an attempt to clarify its pathogenesis is of the utmost importance.
authors.affiliation: Duke University Eye Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA. poste002@mc.duke.edu
authors.forename: Eric A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Postel
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Caldwell
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gallins
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Toth
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: William K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: Jonathan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Haines
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pericak-Vance
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001284:Atrophy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017242:Complement Factor H / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C493495:CFH protein, human; D017242:Complement Factor H