title: Growth after organ transplantation.
abstract: Growth is an important feature of childhood, but it is usually impaired before and after organ transplantation. Modest catch-up growth often occurs after renal transplantation. Nevertheless, patients remain short due to the effects of steroids used for immunosuppression. Children with chronic liver failure are also growth impaired, although not to the same extent. They also frequently have poor catch up growth after transplantation, again due to steroids. There are several randomized controlled clinical trials reporting growth hormone (GH) use after renal transplantation. These consistently show a beneficial effect of GH on linear growth. Patients with histories of frequent acute rejections before GH may have increased risk of acute rejection during treatment. Few data exist on liver transplant patients, although GH also appears effective. GH use may be safe and effective for renal transplant recipients who have been stable without acute rejection episodes. There needs to be long-term study of GH use in liver and renal transplant patients. It is critical to focus efforts on improving growth in renal failure before transplantation through GH use and to improve posttransplant growth in all recipients by minimizing steroid exposure.
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA. jsfuqua@iupui.edu
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Fuqua
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000503:physiopathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D019382:Human Growth Hormone