Molecular effects of fermented papaya preparation on oxidative damage, MAP Kinase activation and modulation of the benzo[a]pyrene mediated genotoxicity.
The involvement of oxidative and nitrosative stress mechanisms in several biological and pathological processes including aging, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases has continued to fuel suggestions that processes can potentially be modulated by treatment with free-radical scavengers and antioxidant. The fermented papaya preparation (FPP) derived from Carica papaya Linn was investigated for its ability to modulate oxidative DNA damage due to H2O2 in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells and protection of brain oxidative damage in hypertensive rats. Cells pre-treated with FPP (50 microg/ml) prior to incubation with H2O2 had significantly increased viability and sustenance of morphology and shape. The human hepatoma (HepG2) cells exposed to H2O2 (50 microM) showed an olive tail moment of 10.56 +/- 1.44 compared to 1.37 +/- 0.29 of the solvent control. A significant reduction (P < or = 0.05) of DNA damage was observed at concentrations > or = 10 microg/ml FPP, with 50 microg/ml FPP reducing the genotoxic effect of H2O2 by about 1.5-fold compared to only H2O2 exposed cells.
Aruoma
Okezie I
OI
Faculty of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London, UK. aruomaoi@lsbu.ac.uk
Colognato
Renato
R
Fontana
Ilaria
I
Gartlon
Joanne
J
Migliore
Lucia
L
Koike
Keiko
K
Coecke
Sandra
S
Lamy
Evelyn
E
Mersch-Sundermann
Volker
V
Laurenza
Incoronata
I
Benzi
Luca
L
Yoshino
Fumihiko
F
Kobayashi
Kyo
K
Lee
Masaichi-Chang-Il
MC
D000818:Animals; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000494:pharmacology; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D029441:Carica / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D020552:Comet Assay; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005285:Fermentation; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D013113:Spin Labels
D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; C109806:MCPROXYL; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D013113:Spin Labels; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases