title: Formulation with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides increases cellular immunity and protection induced by vaccination of calves with formalin-inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus.
abstract: Vaccination of calves with formalin-inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus (FI-BRSV) induces low levels of cellular immunity that may not be protective. Since inactivated and subunit vaccines formulated with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) have been shown to induce cellular immune responses, we studied the ability of a FI-BRSV vaccine formulated with CpG ODN to elicit cellular immunity against BRSV. Neonatal calves were immunized with FI-BRSV, FI-BRSV formulated with CpG ODN or medium and challenged with BRSV after two immunizations. Calves vaccinated with FI-BRSV formulated with CpG ODN developed increased numbers of IFN-gamma secreting cells in the peripheral blood and broncho-tracheal lymph nodes and enhanced BRSV-specific serum IgG2 in comparison to FI-BRSV immunized animals. Calves that received the FI-BRSV vaccine formulated with CpG ODN also experienced a reduction in the amount of BRSV in the lung tissue. Based on these observations, CpG ODN appears to be a suitable candidate adjuvant for inactivated BRSV vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5E3.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Mapletoft
authors.forename: Mustapha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oumouna
authors.forename: Hugh G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Townsend
authors.forename: Susantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gomis
authors.forename: Lorne A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Babiuk
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000276:immunology*; D005557:Formaldehyde; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000276:immunology*; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D018112:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine / Q000276:immunology*; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines; D005557:Formaldehyde; D007371:Interferon-gamma