title: Effects of milrinone on blood flow of the Y-graft composed with the radial and the internal thoracic artery in patients with coronary artery disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Milrinone has been known to dilate the internal thoracic artery (ITA) and the radial artery (RA). The effect of milrinone, however, on each graft is unclear when the left ITA (LITA) and the RA form a Y-graft. This study evaluated the changes in blood flow of a composite Y-graft in response to milrinone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two patients undergoing an isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery were included in this study. A Y-graft was created with an in situ LITA and free RA graft attached to the proximal side of the LITA. Graft flow was measured by opening the graft end for 30s, and is expressed in 'ml/min'. Graft flow and hemodynamic data were recorded before and 10 min after intravenous milrinone (50 microg/kg) administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Milrinone significantly increased the RA graft flow, measured while the LITA graft end was clamped, and total Y-graft flow. Respective graft flows were not increased by milrinone when both clamps were released simultaneously, in spite of a significant decrease in the resistance of both grafts. The ratio of flows through the RA and the LITA grafts was not changed by milrinone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Milrinone significantly reduced RA and LITA resistances and increased the total Y-graft flow. Milrinone might dilate each individual arterial graft to a different degree. Milrinone did not, however, change the flow ratio through the RA to LITA grafts when they were measured simultaneously. Therefore, it would not significantly divert graft flow to one side in a composite Y-graft.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemun-Ku, Seoul 120-725, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sungwon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: Young Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Yon Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Yong Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Seo Ouk
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: Young Lan
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Kwak
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007387:Internal Mammary-Coronary Artery Anastomosis / Q000379:methods*; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D020105:Milrinone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000502:physiology; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D020105:Milrinone