title: The potential and promise of using botulinum toxin in the prostate gland.
abstract: Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) has been called the 'most poisonous poison' and a potential bioterrorist weapon. However, it is possible to use the elegant and specific activity of this toxin to treat various medical conditions. Recently, the application of BoNT was extended to prostate disorders, and we review published reports on the mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy of BoNT in the prostate. The information was gathered from Medline, abstracts from recent urological meetings, and from personal experience. BoNT has shown promising preliminary results for male lower urinary tract symptoms, and translational research suggests a novel mechanism of action of BoNT in the prostate. Importantly, the application of BoNT in the prostate is not approved by the regulatory agencies and caution should be used until larger randomized clinical studies are completed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung, Chang Gung University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yao-Chi
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giannantoni
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Chancellor
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D011469:Prostatic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013563:Sympathectomy, Chemical / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins