title: Intrathecal cytokines in spinal cord schistosomiasis.
abstract: We investigate the cytokine profile in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of patients with spinal cord schistosomiasis (SCS). Increased levels of IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 and low concentrations of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma were observed in both CSF and serum. CSF showed higher levels of IL-4 and IL-6 when compared to the paired serum samples. A negative correlation between the concentrations of IL-10 and IFN-gamma was observed in the CSF. These findings suggest an inflammatory as well as a skewed type-2 immune response that probably occur both locally and systemically and may be involved in the pathogenesis of SCS.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena 190, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. tferrari@medicina.ufmg.br
authors.forename: Teresa Cristina Abreu
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto Rocha
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: Márcio José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sampaio
authors.forename: Aloísio Sales
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: da Cunha
authors.forename: José Teotônio
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gazzinelli
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Correa-Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007378:Interleukins / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D009187:Myelitis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D020818:Neuroschistosomiasis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000276:immunology; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma