title: Brilliant blue G selectively stains the internal limiting membrane/brilliant blue G-assisted membrane peeling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the use of the dye brilliant blue G (BBG) for staining of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) during macular hole (MH) and epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was designed as an interventional, noncomparative, prospective, clinical case series. Twenty eyes from 20 consecutive patients with MH or ERM underwent BBG-assisted ILM and ERM removal. In MH cases, a posterior vitreous detachment was created, followed by the injection of 0.25 mg/mL BBG solution into the vitreous cavity and immediate washout of the BBG. This technique improved visualization of the ILM, enabling peeling and surgery to be performed successfully. However, in ERM cases, staining of the ERM could not be confirmed at this concentration. Finally, the ILM including the ERM was removed in all cases. Preoperative and postoperative ophthalmic examinations were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperatively, 17 patients (85%) had visual acuity improved by at least 2 Snellen lines. No adverse effects were observed postoperatively during the observation period (mean follow-up +/- SD, 7.3 +/- 1.0 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BBG selectively stains the ILM. This technique can facilitate the management of MH and ERM surgery without any adverse effects, as was shown in this short-term study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Enaida
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hisatomi
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Akifumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D004396:Coloring Agents; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C004692:coomassie Brilliant Blue