title: Experimental study on the action of allitridin against human cytomegalovirus in vitro: Inhibitory effects on immediate-early genes.
abstract: Garlic (Allium sativum) extraction has been reported having anti-HCMV efficacy. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of allitridin (diallyl trisulfide, a compound from A. sativum extraction) on the replication of HCMV and the expression of viral immediate-early genes. In HCMV plaque-reduction assay, allitridin appeared a dose-dependent inhibitory ability with EC(50) value of 4.2 microg/ml (selective index, SI=16.7). Time-of-addition and time-of-removal studies showed that allitridin inhibited HCMV replication in earlier period of viral cycle before viral DNA synthesis. Both immediate early gene (ie1) transcription and IEA (IE(1)72 and IE(2)86) expression was suppressed by allitridin, but not by GCV in a single HCMV cycle format. In addition, allitridin appeared stronger inhibition on IE(2)86 than on IE(1)72. Decrease of viral DNA load in infected cells was also detected under allitridin treatment, probably due to an indirect consequence of the reduction in ie gene transcription. In summary, this study indicated that allitridin has anti-HCMV activity and the mechanism is associated with suppression of ie gene transcription.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pediatric Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China. zhenghongzh@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Du-yun
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Sai-nan
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.forename: Yu-feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yong-sui
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Xing-cao
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000498:Allyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D017781:Genes, Immediate-Early / Q000187:drug effects; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D013440:Sulfides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000498:Allyl Compounds; D000998:Antiviral Agents; C088645:IE1 protein, cytomegalovirus; C069186:IE2 protein, Cytomegalovirus; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D013440:Sulfides; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014764:Viral Proteins; C042577:diallyl trisulfide