title: Update on Huntington's disease.
abstract: Huntington's disease (HD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease causing progressive movement disorders, cognitive dysfunction, and behavioral changes. Since the causative mutation of an expanded polyglutamine repeat in the huntingtin gene was identified, significant progress has been achieved in elucidating pathogenic mechanisms. This review summarizes recent developments in evaluating the role of abnormal protein aggregation, transcriptional dysregulation, mitochondrial and bioenergetic dysfunction, excitotoxicity, and abnormal cellular trafficking in the pathogenesis of HD. In addition, although therapeutic options in HD have been limited, progress in developing targeted therapies continues, and these advancements and future directions are reviewed.
authors.forename: Sarah B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: J Timothy
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Greenamyre
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D000071058:Huntingtin Protein; D006816:Huntington Disease / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D002479:Inclusion Bodies / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D050436:Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C086055:HTT protein, human; D000071058:Huntingtin Protein; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009687:Nuclear Proteins