title: Development of athermal epsilon-martensite in atomized Co-Cr-Mo-C implant alloy powders.
abstract: Co-Cr-Mo atomized powders containing 0.05 wt.% C were sintered at temperatures above 900 degrees C for 1h and then rapidly cooled to room temperature. As a result, various amounts of athermal epsilon-martensite were produced which increased with increasing sintering temperatures (from 30 vol.% at 950 degrees C to 70 vol.% at 1250 degrees C). Apparently, the development of epsilon-embryos was strongly promoted by increasing sintering temperatures due to the development of a high density of epsilon-nucleation site defects. In addition, athermal martensite readily formed in these powders, suggesting that its development was strongly favored by a significant reduction in the carbon supersaturation levels from 0.25 wt.% for most commercial alloys to 0.05 wt.% C. The amounts of epsilon-martensite were 3-4-fold those found in conventional alloys, suggesting that the powder structure provides increasing nucleation sites for athermal epsilon-martensite. Apparently free surfaces and grain development at powder contact surfaces combined with recrystallization and grain growth within powder particles lead to favorable dislocation configuration arrays for the development of epsilon-embryos.
authors.affiliation: School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Seong
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: López
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods*; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008422:Materials Testing; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D011208:Powders; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D014800:Vitallium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003722:Dental Alloys; D011208:Powders; C093824:Martensite; D014800:Vitallium; D002244:Carbon