title: Differential role of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors on the antinociceptive and antidepressant effect of tramadol in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tramadol, (1RS,2RS)-2-[(dimethylamine)-methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-cyclohexanol hydrochloride, is an atypical analgesic which binds weakly to ì-opioid receptors and enhances the extra-neuronal concentration of noradrenaline and serotonin by interference with both the uptake and release mechanisms.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential role of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors on the analgesic and antidepressant-like effect of tramadol.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of either a selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist (WAY 100635; N-2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-N-2-pyridinylcyclohexane carboxamide; 0.2-0.8, 8 mg/kg) or a selective 5-HT1B receptor antagonist (SB 216641; N-[3-(3-dimethylamino) ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl]-2'-methyl-4'-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-carboxamide; 0.2-0.8, 8 mg/kg) was investigated in mice in combination with tramadol by means of the hot-plate test, a phasic nociceptive model, and the forced swimming test, a paradigm aimed at screening potential antidepressants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that WAY 100635 enhanced the antinociceptive effect and produced a large decrease in the antidepressant-like effect of tramadol. In contrast, SB 216641 did not significantly modify either the analgesic or the antidepressant-like effects of tramadol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that 5-HT1A receptors modulate the analgesic and the antidepressant-like effects of tramadol in differing ways. The results suggest the involvement of the 5-HT1A autoreceptors from the raphe nuclei and spinal 5-HT1A receptors in the antinociceptive effect. In contrast, the 5-HT1A receptors located in the forebrain may be responsible for the blockade of the antidepressant-like effect of tramadol. 5-HT1B receptors seem not to modify these effects in the models investigated.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology and Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Neuroscience (Pharmacology and Psychiatry), School of Medicine, University of Cádiz, Plaza Falla 9, 11003, Cádiz, Spain.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berrocoso
authors.forename: M Olga
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Rojas-Corrales
authors.forename: Juan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mico
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D010069:Oxadiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000187:drug effects; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D044282:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A / Q000378:metabolism*; D044302:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B / Q000378:metabolism*; D058829:Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Antagonists; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D013550:Swimming; D014147:Tramadol / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D001549:Benzamides; C108531:N-(3-(2-dimethylamino)ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2'-methyl-4'-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-carboxamide; D010069:Oxadiazoles; D010879:Piperazines; D011725:Pyridines; D044302:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B; D058829:Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Antagonists; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D044282:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A; D014147:Tramadol; C090413:N-(2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl)ethyl)-N-(2-pyridinyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide