title: Effect of aged garlic extract on APP processing and tau phosphorylation in Alzheimer's transgenic model Tg2576.
abstract: Multiple components present in garlic and various garlic preparations are known to exert pleiotropic protective effects as demonstrated in various in vitro and in vivo model systems. However, garlic pleiotropy in relation to Alzheimer's pathophysiology has not been explored extensively. Current study investigated anti-amyloidogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-tangle effects of dietary aged garlic extract (AGE) (2%) and compared with its prominent constituents, i.e. S-allyl-cysteine (SAC) (20 mg/kg) and di-allyl-disulfide (DADS) (20 mg/kg) in Alzheimer's Swedish double mutant mouse model (Tg2576). Possible cholesterol-dependent and cholesterol-independent mechanisms of actions of AGE, SAC and DADS in exerting anti-amyloidogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-tangle effects are discussed. Finally, ameliorative effects of dietary interventions were found to be in the order of AGE>SAC>DADS. If validated pre-clinically, dietary intervention with herbal alternative such as AGE having pleiotropic useful properties and least adverse effects may provide greater therapeutic benefit over a single-ingredient synthetic pharmaceutical drug having serious side effects in treating Alzheimer's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA. nchauhan@uic.edu
authors.forename: Neelima B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Chauhan
mesh_terms: D000498:Allyl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003545:Cysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004220:Disulfides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000187:drug effects; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000498:Allyl Compounds; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D004220:Disulfides; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D016875:tau Proteins; C028009:diallyl disulfide; C065299:S-allylcysteine; D003545:Cysteine