title: Evaluation of dried and wet distillers grains included at two concentrations in the diets of lactating dairy cows.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the lactation performance of dairy cows fed dried or wet distillers grains (DG) with solubles (DDGS or WDGS) at 2 dietary concentrations. A trial using 15 cows was designed as a replicated 5 x 5 Latin square with periods of 4 wk each and data collected during wk 3 and 4 of each period. Diets, on a dry matter basis, were: control, 10% DDGS, 20% DDGS, 10% WDGS, and 20% WDGS. All diets contained 25% corn silage, 25% alfalfa hay, and 50% of the respective concentrate mixes. Dry matter intake (DMI) tended to be greater for cows fed control than DG (23.4, 22.8, 22.5, 23.0, and 21.9 kg/d for control, 10% DDGS, 20% DDGS, 10% WDGS, and 20% WDGS). Milk yield (39.8, 40.9, 42.5, 42.5, and 43.5 kg/d) was greater for cows fed DG than control. Milk fat percentage (3.23, 3.16, 3.28, 3.55, and 3.40%) was similar for cows fed control and DG, but greater for cows fed WDGS than DDGS. Milk fat yield was greater for cows fed DG than control and tended to be greater for cows fed WDGS than DDGS. Milk fat from cows fed DG, especially 20% DG, was more unsaturated and contained more cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid than when fed the control diet. Milk protein percentage (3.05, 3.01, 3.02, 3.11, and 3.06%) was similar for cows fed control and DG but greater for cows fed WDGS than DDGS. Milk protein yield was greater for cows fed DG than control, tended to be greater for cows fed WDGS than DDGS, and tended to be greater for cows fed 20% DG than 10% DG. Milk urea nitrogen was similar for cows fed control and DG but greater for cows fed WDGS than DDGS and tended to be higher for cows fed 20% DG than 10% DG. Ruminal ammonia concentrations were greater for cows fed WDGS than DDGS. Overall, feeding DG improved feed efficiency (1.70, 1.79, 1.87, 1.84, and 1.92 kg of energy-corrected milk/kg of DMI) by increasing yields of milk, protein, and fat while tending to decrease DMI.
authors.affiliation: Dairy Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007-0647, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Schingoethe
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Kalscheur
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hippen
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D002452:Cell Count; D003890:Desiccation; D004032:Diet; D002523:Edible Grain; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D014867:Water; D000641:Ammonia; D009584:Nitrogen