title: Video-assisted thoracoscopic versus open surgery for persistent ductus arteriosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to compare the experience with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) since 1995 with the results of conventional open surgery from the preceding 10 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of 60 children who underwent standard posterolateral muscle splitting thoracotomy and ligation of PDA in 1986-1995 were reviewed for the study. The data on 50 children who underwent VATS PDA ligation since 1995 were collected prospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients survived. Ductal bleeding requiring sutures with patches occurred once in the open surgery group. Two patients in the VATS group underwent immediate rethoracoscopy and clipping because of residual ductal flow in the postoperative echocardiography. Complications in the VATS group included 6 (12%) recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries (3 transient) and 2 chylothoraces. One patient in each group underwent open reoperation because of residual ductal flow 1 year after the initial operation. The operative time, duration of recovery room/neonatal intensive care unit care, duration of pleural drainage, and length of hospital stay were significantly shorter in the VATS group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VATS PDA ligation gave results equal to traditional open surgery with a shorter operative time, faster recovery, and shorter hospital stay. More complications, especially recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries, occurred in the VATS group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery 2206, Kuopio University Hospital, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland. kari.vanamo@kuh.fi
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vanamo
authors.forename: Ensio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kokki
authors.forename: Tero
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tikanoja
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020775:Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted; D013908:Thoracotomy