title: [Effects of GSM 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on protein expression profile of human breast cancer cell MCF-7].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects of GSM 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) exposure on protein expression profile of human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), as to exploring the possible effects on normal cell physiological function.
  
  
  METHODS
  MCF-7 cells were continuously or intermittently (5 minutes field on followed by 10 minutes off) exposed to RF EMF for different duration (1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, or 24 hours) at an average specific absorption rate (SAR) of 3.5 W/kg. The extracted proteins were separated by 2-dimensional electrophoresis and the protein-spot distribution of the silver-stained gels was analyzed by using PDQuest software 7.1. Each experiment was repeated three times.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the average, around 1100 proteins were detected using pH 4 - 7 IPG strip. There were no differential proteins found under continuous exposure at SAR of 3.5 W/kg for 6 hours. Under other exposure conditions, we found various differentially expressed proteins in exposure groups as compared with the sham-exposed controls. Especially in 3 hours intermittent exposure and 12 hours continuous exposure, eighteen and seven differential proteins were detected, respectively. The categories and functions of these differentially expressed proteins were analyzed by searching of SWISS-PROT protein database, which suggested that these proteins should be related to the functions of biosynthesization, signal transduction, and DNA damage and repair.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data indicated that the protein expression changes induced by RF radiation might depend on exposure duration and mode. Many biological processes might be affected by RF exposure.
authors.affiliation: Bioelectromagnetics laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310031, China.
authors.forename: Qun-li
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Guang-di
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: De-qiang
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Huai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Zheng-ping
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D020543:Proteome; D011846:Radio Waves
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome