title: Parotid-sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: preserved parotid function after IMRT on quantitative salivary scintigraphy, and comparison with historical data after conventional radiotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the parotid function after parotid-sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
  
  
  METHODS
  From March 2003 to May 2004, 16 patients with nonmetastatic NPC underwent parotid-sparing IMRT. Eight of these patients had Stage III or IV NPC based on the 1997 American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system. The post-IMRT parotid function was evaluated by quantitative salivary scintigraphy and represented by the maximal excretion ratio (MER) of the parotid gland after sialogogue stimulation. The parotid function of 16 NPC patients who were previously treated with conventional radiotherapy was reviewed as the historical control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the parotid-sparing IMRT group, all 16 patients were alive and without cancer at the end of follow-up period (median, 24.2 months). The mean parotid MER was 53.5% before radiotherapy, 10.7% at 1 month post-IMRT, and 23.3% at 9 months post-IMRT. In the conventional radiotherapy group, the mean parotid MER was 0.6% at 6 to 12 months postradiotherapy. The difference was statistically significant (23.3% vs. 0.6%, p<0.001, Mann-Whitney test). In the IMRT group, the mean parotid doses ranged from 33.2 Gy to 58.8 Gy (average, 43.9 Gy). The correlation between the mean parotid dose and the percentage decrease of parotid MER at 9 months post-IMRT (dMER) was statically significant (p=0.008, Pearson correlation).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the mean parotid doses are relatively high, the significant preservation of parotid function is achieved with IMRT for NPC patients. The significant correlation between mean parotid dose and parotid dMER demonstrates the dose-function relationship of the parotid gland.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, R.O.C. hsiungcy@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ching-Yeh
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Hsiung
authors.forename: Hui-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Ting
authors.forename: Hsuan-Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chiang-Hsuan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eng-Yen
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Hsuan-Chih
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric