title: A comparative study of the efficacy of long-term treatment with escitalopram and paroxetine in severely depressed patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This randomised, double-blind, fixed-dose study evaluated the efficacy of escitalopram and paroxetine in the long-term treatment of severely depressed patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with a primary diagnosis of MDD and baseline Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) >or= 30 were randomised to 24 weeks of double-blind treatment with fixed doses of either escitalopram (20 mg) (n = 232) or paroxetine (40 mg) (n = 227). The primary analysis of efficacy was an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) of change from baseline to endpoint (Week 24) in MADRS total score (last observation carried forward, LOCF). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES;
  
  
  RESULTS
  At endpoint (24 weeks), the mean change from baseline in MADRS total score was -25.2 for patients treated with escitalopram (n = 228) and -23.1 for patients with paroxetine (n = 223), resulting in a difference of 2.1 points (p < 0.05). The difference in the change in the MADRS total score (LOCF) was significantly in favour of escitalopram from Week 8 onwards. The proportion of remitters (MADRS <or= 12) after 24 weeks was 75% for escitalopram and 67% for paroxetine (p < 0.05). The results on the primary efficacy scale were supported by significantly greater differences in favour of escitalopram on the Hamilton Anxiety, Hamilton Depression and Clinical Global Impression-Improvement and -Severity scales. For very severely depressed patients (baseline MADRS >or= 35), there was a difference of 3.4 points at endpoint in the MADRS total score in favour of escitalopram (p < 0.05). The overall withdrawal rate for patients treated with escitalopram (19%) was significantly lower than with paroxetine (32%) (p < 0.01). The withdrawal rate due to adverse events was significantly lower for escitalopram (8%) compared to paroxetine (16%) (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of individual adverse events during treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Escitalopram is significantly more effective than paroxetine in the long-term treatment of severely depressed patients.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Adult Psychiatry, CHU de Montpellier and INSERM E361, France. jp-boulenger@chu-montpellier.fr
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Boulenger
authors.forename: A K T
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Huusom
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Florea
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baekdal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sarchiapone
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015283:Citalopram / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012449:Safety
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D015283:Citalopram; D017374:Paroxetine