title: Lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity assay for antioxidants based on liposomal membranes.
abstract: An in vitro antioxidant assay has been developed to better reflect the in vivo conditions of antioxidants interacting with membrane and lipid surfaces. The lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity (LPIC) method measures the ability of both lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants to protect a lipophilic fluorescent probe 4, 4-difluoro-5-(4-phenyl-1,3-butadienyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3-undecanoic acid, incorporated in the membrane, from 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)hydrochloride generated radicals in the surrounding aqueous solution. Antioxidant activities of test compounds were measured either after they were mixed with preformed liposomes (LPIC(Mixed)) or after they were incorporated into liposomes (LPIC(Inco)) as they were made. The results were analysed to determine how the method of mixing and the structures of the antioxidants influenced their protection of the membrane from free radical attack. The LPIC(Mixed) values were larger than the LPIC(Inco) values for a range of 12 structurally diverse antioxidant compounds. However, there was no linear correlation between the lipophilicities, as measured by their partition coefficient, log P and either LPIC(Inco) or LPIC(Mixed) values. A strong correlation was found between LPIC(Inco) and LPIC(Mixed) values.
authors.affiliation: The Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand Ltd., Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand. jzhang@hortresearch.co.nz
authors.forename: Jingli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Roger A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: Laurence D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Melton
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002839:Chromans / Q000494:pharmacology; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000032:analysis; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D044367:Phase Transition; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000494:pharmacology; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C095489:4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene; D000975:Antioxidants; D001896:Boron Compounds; D002839:Chromans; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D005419:Flavonoids; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005609:Free Radicals; D008081:Liposomes; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D019207:beta Carotene; D005707:Gallic Acid; C017251:1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; C010643:6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid