title: On the rearrangement in dioxane/water of (Z)-arylhydrazones of 5-amino-3-benzoyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole into (2-aryl-5-phenyl-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)ureas: substituent effects on the different reaction pathways.
abstract: We have recently evidenced an interesting differential behavior in the reactivity in dioxane/water between the (Z)-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (1a) and the (Z)-phenylhydrazone (1b) of 5-amino-3-benzoyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole. The former rearranges into the relevant triazole 2a only at pS+ > 4.5 while undergoing hydrolysis at high proton concentration (pS+ < 3.5); on the contrary, the latter rearranges into 2b in the whole pS+ range examined (0.1 < or = pS+ < or = 14.9). Thus, for a deeper understanding of these differences we have now collected kinetic data on the rearrangement in dioxane/water of a series of 3- or 4-substituted (Z)-phenylhydrazones (1c-l) of 5-amino-3-benzoyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole in a wide range of proton concentrations (pS+ 0.1-12.3) with the aim of gaining information about the effect of the substituent on the course of the reaction. All of the (Z)-arylhydrazones studied rearrange via three different reaction routes (specific-acid-catalyzed, uncatalyzed, and general-base-catalyzed), and the relevant results have been examined by means of free energy relationships.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Chimica Organica "E. Paterno", Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans 2, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: D'Anna
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Frenna
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Macaluso
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marullo
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morganti
authors.forename: Vitalba
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pace
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Spinelli
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spisani
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tavani
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D004146:Dioxanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006835:Hydrazones / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010069:Oxadiazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014230:Triazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004146:Dioxanes; D006835:Hydrazones; D010069:Oxadiazoles; D014230:Triazoles; D014867:Water; C025223:1,4-dioxane