title: A phase I study of irinotecan in combination with amrubicin for advanced lung cancer patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A combination phase I study was conducted in a cohort of lung cancer patients to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and toxicities of irinotecan (CPT-11), a topoisomerase I inhibitor, in combination with amrubicin (AMR), a topoisomerase II inhibitor, and to observe their antitumor activities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with lung cancer received AMR (35 - 40 mg/m2 given intravenously over 5 min) for 3 consecutive days, and CPT-11 (50 - 60 mg/m2 given intravenously over 90 min) after the completion of AMR infusion on days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, eleven patients were enrolled in this study. The most frequent toxicities were bone marrow suppression, particularly leucopenia and neutropenia, followed by infection, diarrhea and pneumonitis. As a consequence of these toxicities, the MTD and the recommended dose could not be determined. There were two partial responses, which included one patient with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) who had previously received chemotherapy and the other with previously untreated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that the combination of CPT-11 and AMR is not tolerated, as it mediates an unexpectedly strong myelosuppressive effect, and is inactive against both NSCLC and SCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka 589-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaneda
authors.forename: Takayasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurata
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uejima
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuoka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018943:Anthracyclines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D018943:Anthracyclines; C116173:amrubicinol; D000077146:Irinotecan; C055866:amrubicin; D002166:Camptothecin