title: Priming-dependent phosphorylation and regulation of the tumor suppressor pVHL by glycogen synthase kinase 3.
abstract: Inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene is linked to the development of tumors of the eyes, kidneys, and central nervous system. VHL encodes two gene products, pVHL30 and pVHL19, of which one, pVHL30, associates functionally with microtubules (MTs) to regulate their stability. Here we report that pVHL30 is a novel substrate of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) in vitro and in vivo. Phosphorylation of pVHL on serine 68 (S68) by GSK3 requires a priming phosphorylation event at serine 72 (S72) mediated in vitro by casein kinase I. Functional analysis of pVHL species carrying nonphosphorylatable or phosphomimicking mutations at S68 and/or S72 reveals a central role for these phosphorylation events in the regulation of pVHL's MT stabilization (but not binding) activity. Taken together, our results identify pVHL as a novel priming-dependent substrate of GSK3 and suggest a dual-kinase mechanism in the control of pVHL's MT stabilization function. Since GSK3 is a component of multiple signaling pathways that are altered in human cancer, our results further imply that normal operation of the GSK3-pVHL axis may be a critical aspect of pVHL's tumor suppressor mechanism through the regulation of MT dynamics.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cell Biology, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hergovich
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lisztwan
authors.forename: Claudio R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Thoma
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wirbelauer
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: Wilhelm
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Krek
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D012694:Serine / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012694:Serine; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1