title: Factors associated with gamblers: a population-based cross-sectional study of South Australian adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine, using a random telephone survey, the prevalence of various gambling activities among South Australian adults, the prevalence of adult problem gamblers using the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) instrument, and to examine the problem gamblers by demographic and health-related risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random representative sample of South Australian adults selected from the Electronic White Pages. Overall, 6045 interviews were conducted (73.1% response rate) using Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) technology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 75.6% (95% CI: 74.5-76.7) of respondents had participated in at least one gambling activity during the last 12 months and 2.0% (95% CI: 1.7-2.4) were identified to be problem gamblers. A wide range of factors was associated with problem gambling at a univariate level, when compared to frequent gamblers. The logistic regression analysis highlighted that problem gamblers were more likely to speak a language other than English, be employed part time and a smoker when compared to frequent gamblers. Problem gamblers were also more likely to have a mental health condition (according to the Kessler 10), have had suicidal thoughts and know of services for gambling problems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a wide range of characteristics associated with problem gambling in South Australia. All of these factors need addressing during policy development to assist problem gamblers.
authors.affiliation: Population Research and Outcomes Studies Unit, SA Department of Health, CitiCentre Building, 11 Hindmarsh Square, SA 5000 Adelaide, Australia. tiffany.gill@health.sa.gov.au
authors.forename: Tiffany
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dal Grande
authors.forename: Anne W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D001294:Attitude to Health; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D012931:Social Environment; D013021:South Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult