title: In vivo optical reflectance imaging of spreading depression waves in rat brain with and without focal cerebral ischemia.
abstract: Spreading depression (SD) waves occur in focal cerebral ischemia of the brain. Optical reflectance imaging at 550 +/- 10-nm wavelength using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera, called optical intrinsic signal imaging (OISI) in the neuroscience community, provides high resolution imaging of SD waves based on changes in blood perfusion. We present optical images of SD waves in normal rat brain induced by a pinprick, and the spontaneous SD waves that follow middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The images of change in reflectance are calculated as A = (I-I(o))I(o), where I is pixel intensity as some timepoint and I(o) is the initial intensity just prior to an SD wave. Difference images B = [I(i)-I(i-1)]I(o), where I(i) is the image at time i and I(i-1) is the previous image at time i-1 (a 6.4-s interval), significantly sharpen the boundaries between leading and trailing edges of the SD wave. Maximum rate-of-change images C = max(B) display the maximum pixel value of B within the duration of a single SD wave, and provide an image that visualizes the entire penumbra. The penumbra appear bright due to a rapid drop in perfusion, while the normal brain and infarct area appear dark.
authors.affiliation: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Photonics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Shangbin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Pengcheng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Jacques
authors.forename: Shaoqun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Qingming
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D013181:Cortical Spreading Depression; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010783:Photometry / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley