title: Cloning of polyketide synthase genes from amphidinolide-producing dinoflagellate Amphidinium sp.
abstract: Cloning of polyketide synthase (PKS) gene for amphidinolide biosynthesis was attempted from a dinoflagellate Amphidinium sp. (strain Y-42). Fourteen beta-ketoacyl synthase gene fragments were obtained by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification from degenerated primer sets designed on the basis of the conserved amino acid sequences of beta-ketoacyl synthase domains in known type I PKSs. The PCR analysis using primer sets designed from these fourteen beta-ketoacyl synthase gene fragments revealed that these DNA sequences exist only in the dinoflagellates producing amphidinolides. The DNA sequence of the positive clone, which was isolated from genomic DNA library of Amphidinium sp. (strain Y-42) by PCR detection using the specific primer set, was analyzed by shotgun sequencing. The deduced gene products in the positive clone showed similarity with beta-ketoacyl synthase (KS), acyl transferase (AT), dehydratase (DH), ketoreductase (KR), and acyl carrier protein (ACP) in known type I PKSs and thioesterase (TE).
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iinuma
authors.forename: Jun'ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000201:enzymology*; D018942:Macrolides / Q000378:metabolism; D048630:Polyketide Synthases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018942:Macrolides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D048630:Polyketide Synthases; D004247:DNA