title: Small-cell lung cancer with lymphadenopathy in an 18-year-old female nonsmoker.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An asymptomatic 18-year-old female presented in December 2002 with a left pulmonary mass, and an enlarged mediastinum and left hilum, detected on a routine chest X-ray. She had never smoked, and had no history of exposure to known carcinogens, no history of serious illnesses and no family history of malignancy. Superficial lymph nodes were not palpable. A CT scan of the chest disclosed a round tumor in the left lower lobe and marked enlargement of the ipsilateral hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes.
  
  
  METHODS
  CT scan of the chest, routine hematological study, sputum smear and culture for acid-fast bacilli, transbronchial lung biopsy, serum tumor markers, CT scan of the abdomen, MRI scan of the head, bone scintigraphy, lung function tests, blood gas analysis, pathological examination including hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry using chromogranin A, CD56 (neural cell adhesion molecule), and cytokeratin antibodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (T1N2M0, clinical stage IIIA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Etoposide plus cisplatin chemotherapy with concurrent accelerated hyperfractionated thoracic radiotherapy, left pneumonectomy and lymph-node dissection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yonemori
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunitoh
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sekine
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D005047:Etoposide; D002945:Cisplatin