title: The impact of globalization on vaccine development and availability.
abstract: Globalization is likely to affect many aspects of public health, one of which is vaccine-preventable communicable diseases. Important forces include increased funding initiatives supporting immunization at the global level; regulatory harmonization; widespread intellectual property rights provisions through the World Trade Organization agreements; the emergence of developing-country manufacturers as major players in vaccine supply; and the appearance of new communicable disease threats, including those potentially linked to bioterrorism. All of these forces can affect, either positively and negatively, the development and availability of vaccines. Harnessing these will be a challenge for policymakers and immunization stakeholders.
authors.affiliation: Center for Vaccine Development, Department of Geographic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, USA. milstien@medicine.umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Julie B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Milstien
authors.forename: Miloud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaddar
authors.forename: Marie Paule
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Kieny
mesh_terms: D003132:Commerce / Q000639:trends*; D003906:Developing Countries; D004345:Drug Industry / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006801:Humans; D007390:International Agencies; D038622:Internationality; D010067:Ownership; D010330:Patents as Topic; D011050:Policy Making; D011634:Public Health; D011786:Quality Control; D014612:Vaccines / Q000191:economics / Q000600:supply & distribution*
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines