title: Sinopulmonary aspergillosis in children with hematological malignancy.
abstract: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a serious infectious complication in immunocompromised especially neutropenic patients. Despite improvements in early diagnosis and effective treatment, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is still a devastating opportunistic infection. These infections also interfere with the anticancer treatment. We report our experience in the diagnosis and therapeutic management of sinopulmonary aspergillosis in 4 children with hematologic malignancy. All patients except the first were neutropenic when sinopulmonary aspergillosis was diagnosed. Clinical signs included fever, cough, respiratory distress, swallowing difficulty, headache, facial pain-edema and hard palate necrosis. Radiodiagnostic methods showed bilateral multiple nodular infiltrations, soft tissue densities filling all the paranasal sinuses, and bronchiectasis. Diagnosis of aspergillosis was established by bronchoalveolar lavage in one case, tissue biopsy, positive sputum and positive cytology, respectively, in the other 3 cases. One patient was treated with liposomal amphotericin B and other 3 cases were treated with liposomal amphotericin B + itraconozole. Outcome was favorable in all cases except the one who died due to respiratory failure. Early diagnosis, appropriate treatment and primary disease status are important factors on prognosis of Aspergillus infections in children with hematological malignancy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine Manisa, Turkey. huseyingulen@hotmail.com
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gulen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Erbay
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gulen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kazanci
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vergin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tanac
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D002051:Burkitt Lymphoma / Q000150:complications*; D002648:Child; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000150:complications*; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000150:complications*; D011379:Prognosis; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017964:Itraconazole; D000666:Amphotericin B