title: Genetic polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 1A1 and 2E1 genes, smoking, drinking and prostate cancer susceptibility: a case-control study in a Han nationality population in Southern China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association among the polymorphisms of the cytochrome P450 1A1 and 2E1 genes, smoking, drinking and the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) in a Han nationality population in Southern China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study including 225 PCa patients and 250 age-matched controls was conducted. The six polymorphic sites of the CYP 1A1 and CYP2E1 genes were analysed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) or allele-specific PCR technique using genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the CYP1A1 Val/Val genotype significantly increased the risk for PCa (OR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.09-4.68). In contrast, the CYP2E1 C1/C2 (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.46-0.99) or C2/C2 genotype (OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.10-1.00) significantly decreased the risk. Furthermore, the individuals carrying the CYP1A1 Val allele and the CYP2E1 C1/C1 genotype showed the highest risk (OR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.45-4.29). Though there was no significant difference with smoking history (P = 0.237) or drinking habit (P = 0.499) between cases and controls, a deep smoking habit (OR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.28-3.17) and heavy smoking history (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.04-2.50) significantly increased the susceptibility of PCa after stratification by smoking method and accumulative smoking amount. Moreover, both the CYP1A1 Val allele (OR, 2.82; 95% CI, 1.49-5.35) and CYP2E1 C1/C1 genotype (OR, 2.57; 95% CI, 1.31-5.02) had obvious interaction with heavy smoking history that significantly raised the risk. We also discovered a significant interaction between the CYP2E1 C1/C1 genotype and drinking (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.04-3.28).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals carrying the CYP1A1 Val allele or the CYP2E1 C1/C1 genotype with a smoking or drinking habit were at increased risk of PCa, which also showed a positive correlation with exposure dose of tobacco.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Li-Xin
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Hong-Fei
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Zheng-Quan
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yuan-Geng
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.forename: Xin-Ru
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D000483:Alleles; D044466:Asian People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics*; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1