title: Multiple osteotomies and intramedullary nailing with neck cross-pinning for shepherd's crook deformity in polyostotic fibrous dysplasia: 7 femurs with a minimum of 2 years follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, particularly in lesions of the proximal femur, pathological fracture and coxa vara deformity (including shepherd's crook deformity) are likely to develop and progress.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 7 femurs with shepherd's crook deformity (5 patients), we performed intramedullary nailing by using multiple osteotomies and two screws crossing the femoral neck.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Restoration of the neck shaft angle of the femur was obtained from an average of 92 degrees prior to surgery to 129 degrees after surgery. During the minimum 2-year follow up, no loss of neck shaft angle of the femur and no refracture occurred. All patients were able to return to normal activities of daily living.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, multiple osteotomies and intramedullary nailing with neck cross-pinning can be used to correct developed or progressing shepherd's crook deformity, and to prevent recurrence and refracture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Kwangju, 501-757, Korea. stjung@chonnam.ac.kr
authors.forename: Sung-Taek
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Jae-Yoon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Hyoung-Yeon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Bong-Hyun
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Keun-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001858:Bone Nails; D001863:Bone Screws; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000517:prevention & control; D005269:Femur / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000601:surgery*; D005359:Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D011859:Radiography; D016896:Treatment Outcome