title: Effects of alcohol on group formation among male social drinkers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Social factors affect alcohol use and misuse, yet researchers rarely study the acute effects of alcohol in groups. This study used systematic observation techniques to measure the effects of alcohol on behavioral responses during an initial group interaction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four male social drinkers were assembled into three-person groups of strangers, and all members of each group were administered either a 0.82 g/kg dose of alcohol or a placebo to be consumed during a 30-minute period. This social interaction was video recorded, and the duration and sequence of selected smiling and speech behaviors were coded on a 1-second time base.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Alcohol consumption increased individual- and group-level coordination of smiling and speech behaviors over time and improved self-reported bonding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that alcohol may facilitate social bonding during initial group formation. Measuring behavioral responses in a social context provides new directions for studying the acute effects of alcohol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 3137 Sennott Square, 210 South Bouquet Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Kirchner
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sayette
authors.forename: Jeffrey F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cohn
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Moreland
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D012919:Social Behavior; D012932:Social Facilitation; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D000431:Ethanol