title: Magnetic resonance arthrography.
abstract: For decades, fluoroscopic arthrography was the only method available to image a joint with contrast enhancement. Advances in CT led to the natural development of CT arthrography. Development of MRI and its capability for multiplanar imaging led to direct magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA). This technique has been performed since 1987 and has surpassed CT arthrography in popularity in the United States. Indirect MRA developed subsequently to offer a less invasive alternative. This article presents an overview of direct MRA and addresses joint-specific issues regarding direct MRA. An overview of indirect MRA also is provided.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus, Suite M392, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, USA.
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Osinski
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Malfair
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Steinbach
mesh_terms: D001175:Arthrography / Q000379:methods*; D002356:Cartilage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017885:Collateral Ligaments / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D007594:Joint Loose Bodies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008592:Menisci, Tibial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017006:Rotator Cuff / Q000473:pathology; D000070636:Rotator Cuff Injuries; D012421:Rupture; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D005682:Gadolinium