title: Low meprin alpha expression differentiates primary ovarian mucinous carcinoma from gastrointestinal cancers that commonly metastasise to the ovaries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Currently, no specific immunohistochemical markers are available to differentiate primary mucinous epithelial ovarian cancer (MOC) from adenocarcinomas originating at other sites that have metastasised to the ovary, which may have an impact on patient management and prognosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of two intestinal markers, galectin 4 and meprin alpha, in mucinous carcinomas of the ovary and gastrointestinal tract.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using immunohistochemical analysis, the expression of galectin 4 and meprin alpha was investigated in 10 MOCs and in 38 mucinous adenocarcinomas of colon, pancreas, stomach and appendix, the most common sites of origin of ovarian metastases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total cytoplasmic galectin 4 expression was relatively consistent between the different carcinomas. Membranous meprin alpha expression was significantly lower in MOCs compared with gastrointestinal carcinomas. Moreover, meprin alpha expression showed greater discrimination between the ovarian and gastrointestinal carcinomas than the cytokeratins CK7 and CK20, the current standard immunohistochemical markers used to determine the tissue origin of mucinous carcinomas involving the ovaries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Meprin alpha is a useful additional marker in differentiating primary from secondary mucinous adenocarcinomas of the ovary.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Viola A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Heinzelmann-Schwarz
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Scolyer
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Scurry
authors.forename: Alison N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gardiner-Garden
authors.forename: Andrew V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Biankin
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baron-Hay
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Robyn L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.forename: Neville F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Hacker
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Sutherland
authors.forename: Philippa M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: O'Brien
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D037541:Galectin 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D053554:Keratin-20 / Q000378:metabolism; D053552:Keratin-7 / Q000378:metabolism; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D037541:Galectin 4; D053554:Keratin-20; D053552:Keratin-7; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C053833:meprin A