title: On the road to obesity: Television viewing increases intake of high-density foods.
abstract: Television viewing (TVV) has been linked with obesity, possibly through increased sedentary behavior and/or through increased ingestion during TVV. The proposition that TVV causes increased feeding, however, has not been subjected to experimental verification until recently. Our objective was to determine if the amount eaten of two familiar, palatable, high-density foods (pizza and macaroni and cheese) was increased during a 30-min meal when watching TV. In a within-subjects design, one group of undergraduates (n = 10) ate pizza while watching a TV show of their choice for one session and when listening to a symphony during the other session. A second group of undergraduates (n = 10) ate macaroni and cheese (M&C). TVV increased caloric intake by 36% (one slice on average) for pizza and by 71% for M&C. Eating patterns also differed between conditions. Although the length of time to eat a slice of pizza remained stable between viewing conditions, the amount of time before starting another slice was shorter during TVV. In contrast, M&C was eaten at a faster rate and for a longer period of time during TVV. Thus, watching television increases the amount eaten of high-density, palatable, familiar foods and may constitute one vector contributing to the current obesity crisis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA. eblass@medusa.sbs.umass.edu
authors.forename: Elliott M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Blass
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Heather L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Kirkorian
authors.forename: Tiffany A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Pempek
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: Melanie F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Koleini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger / Q000502:physiology; D007206:Individuality; D008297:Male; D009146:Music / Q000523:psychology; D009765:Obesity / Q000523:psychology*; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000502:physiology; D013690:Television