title: Micellar oleic and eicosapentaenoic acid but not linoleic acid influences the beta-carotene uptake and its cleavage into retinol in rats.
abstract: Improving the bioavailability of beta-carotene is vital to manage vitamin A deficiency. The influence of micellar oleic (OA), linoleic (LA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids on plasma beta-carotene response and its conversion to retinol has been studied in rats employing single (9 h time course) and repeated (10 days) dose administrations. After a single dose, the levels (area under the curve) of plasma beta-carotene and retinyl palmitate in OA and EPA groups were higher (p < 0.05) by 13, 7 and 11, 6 folds than LA group. The liver beta-carotene level in OA and EPA groups were higher (p < 0.05) by 3 and 1.2 folds than LA group. After repeated dose, the plasma beta-carotene and retinyl palmitate levels in OA (6.2%, 51.7%) and EPA (25.4%, 17.23%) groups were higher (p < 0.05) than LA group. The liver beta-carotene level in OA (21.2%) and EPA (17.6%) groups were higher (p < 0.05) than LA group. In both the experiments, the activity of beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase in the intestinal mucosa and plasma triglyceride levels were also higher in OA and EPA groups than LA group. beta-Carotene excreted through urine and feces of OA and EPA groups was lower than the LA group. These results demonstrate an improved absorption and metabolism of beta-carotene when fed mixed micelles with OA or EPA compared with LA. Although the mechanism involved in selective absorption of fatty acids needs further studies, intestinal beta-carotene uptake and its conversion to vitamin A can be modulated using specific fatty acids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020, India.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raju
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lakshminarayana
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Krishnakantha
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baskaran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004224:Diterpenes; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008823:Micelles; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000084562:Retinyl Esters; D013997:Time Factors; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D050559:beta-Carotene 15,15'-Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C493357:Bco1 protein, rat; D004224:Diterpenes; D008823:Micelles; D000084562:Retinyl Esters; D019207:beta Carotene; D014801:Vitamin A; C014794:retinol palmitate; D019301:Oleic Acid; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D050559:beta-Carotene 15,15'-Monooxygenase