title: Plastid transformation in the monocotyledonous cereal crop, rice (Oryza sativa) and transmission of transgenes to their progeny.
abstract: The plastid transformation approach offers a number of unique advantages, including high-level transgene expression, multi-gene engineering, transgene containment, and a lack of gene silencing and position effects. The extension of plastid transformation technology to monocotyledonous cereal crops, including rice, bears great promise for the improvement of agronomic traits, and the efficient production of pharmaceutical or nutritional enhancement. Here, we report a promising step towards stable plastid transformation in rice. We produced fertile transplastomic rice plants and demonstrated transmission of the plastid-expressed green fluorescent protein (GFP) and aminoglycoside 3'-adenylyltransferase genes to the progeny of these plants. Transgenic chloroplasts were determined to have stably expressed the GFP, which was confirmed by both confocal microscopy and Western blot analyses. Although the produced rice plastid transformants were found to be heteroplastomic, and the transformation efficiency requires further improvement, this study has established a variety of parameters for the use of plastid transformation technology in cereal crops.
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
authors.forename: Sa Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyungsu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hyungsup
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Soon Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Xiang Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Seung-Bum
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong-Joo
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cheong
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Daniell
authors.forename: Minkyun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002736:Chloroplasts; D005819:Genetic Markers; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D018087:Plastids / Q000235:genetics*; D014170:Transformation, Genetic; D019076:Transgenes / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases; C022678:streptomycin 3''-adenylyltransferase