title: Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in acute respiratory infections.
abstract: Levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM)-1 are elevated in severe sepsis. However, it is not known whether sTREM-1 measurements can distinguish milder bacterial infections from noninfectious inflammation. The present authors studied whether serum sTREM-1 levels differ in community-acquired pneumonia, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and controls, and whether sTREM-1 may be used as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics. Serum sTREM-1 levels in 150 patients with pneumonia, COPD and asthma exacerbations and 62 healthy controls were measured. Serum sTREM-1 levels were significantly elevated in pneumonia (median 295.2 ng x mL(-1)), COPD (280.3 ng x mL(-1)) and asthma exacerbations (184.0 ng x mL(-1)) compared with controls (83.1 ng x mL(-1)). Levels were higher in pneumonia and Anthonisen type 1 COPD exacerbations than in type 2 and 3 COPD and asthma exacerbations. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for sTREM-1 as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics was 0.77. Serum levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 were elevated predominantly in pneumonia and Anthonisen type 1 COPD exacerbations versus type 2 and 3 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, asthma and controls. Serum levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 has moderate but insufficient accuracy as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics in lower respiratory tract infections.
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Medicine, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, 119074 Singapore.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Phua
authors.forename: E S C
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Koay
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: X L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Boo
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000097:blood*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000097:blood*; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C408842:TREM1 protein, human; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1