title: Outcomes of locally advanced prostate cancer: a single institution study of 209 patients in Japan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the outcomes for Asian populations with locally advanced/clinical stage III prostate cancer (PCa) treated with currently prevailing modalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the record of 209 patients with clinical stage III PCa, who were treated at Niigata Cancer Center Hospital between 1992 and 2003. Treatment options included hormone therapy-combined radical prostatectomy (RP+HT), hormone therapy-combined external beam irradiation (EBRT+HT) and primary hormone therapy (PHT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 80.3% and 46.1% in all cohorts, respectively. The survival rates were 87.3% and 66.5% in the RP+HT group, 94.9% and 70.0% in the EBRT+HT group and 66.1% and 17.2% in the PHT group, respectively. A significant survival advantage was found in the EBRT+HT group compared with that in the PHT group (P < 0.0001). Also, the RP+HT group had better survival than the PHT group (P = 0.0107). The 5- and 10-year disease-specific survival rates for all cases were 92.5% and 80.0%, respectively. They were 93.8% and 71.4% in the RP+HT group, 96.6% and 93.6% in the EBRT+HT group and 88.6% and 62.3% in the PHT group, respectively. A survival advantage was found in the EBRT+HT group compared with the PHT group (P = 0.029). No significant difference was found in disease-specific survival between the EBRT+HT and RP+HT groups or between the RP+HT and PHT groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although our findings indicate that radiotherapy plus HT has a survival advantage in this stage of PCa, we recommend therapies that take into account the patients'social and medical conditions for Asian men with clinical stage III PCa.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komatsubara
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hara
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen