title: A novel adjuvant complex, tyrosine-MPL, for prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines.
abstract: Therapeutic vaccination for the treatment of allergy has been used for nearly a century but it is only recently that the mechanisms whereby benefits can be achieved have begun to be identified [Bousquet J, Lockey FR, Mailing HJ. Allergy immunotherapy: therapeutic vaccines for allergic diseases. WHO Position Paper. Allergy 1998;53:1-42.]. The induction of blocking antibodies was originally thought to lead to amelioration of allergic symptoms. There is now evidence that a switch from a Th2 (IgE/inflammatory) response to a Thl biased allergen specific response is part of the answer [Durham SR, Till SJ, Immunologic changes associated with allergen immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 1998; 102:157-64.]. Specific anergy induced by raised IL 10 and TGF3 and the induction of regulatory T cells may also be important [Akdis CA, Blaser K, Allergen-specific immunotherapy. Allergy 2000;55:522-30.]. A new adjuvant complex, L-tyrosine-MPL can accelerate these processes.
authors.affiliation: Allergy Therapeutics Ltd., Dominion Way, Worthing, West Sussex, BN14 8SA, UK. awhee51466@aol.com
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wheeler
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000628:therapy; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000097:blood; D008050:Lipid A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000485:Allergens; D016207:Cytokines; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D008050:Lipid A; D014612:Vaccines; D014443:Tyrosine; C048436:monophosphoryl lipid A