title: Peroxisomal carnitine acetyl transferase is required for elaboration of penetration hyphae during plant infection by Magnaporthe grisea.
abstract: Magnaporthe grisea, the causal agent of rice blast disease, invades plant tissue due to the action of specialized infection structures called appressoria, which are used to breach the leaf cuticle and allow development of intracellular, infectious hyphae. In this report we demonstrate that peroxisomal carnitine acetyl transferase (CAT) activity is necessary for appressorium function, and in particular, for the elaboration of primary penetration hyphae. The major CAT activity in M. grisea is encoded by the PTH2 gene, which shows elevated expression in response to acetate and lipid, and is regulated by the cyclic AMP response pathway. Furthermore, a Pth2-GFP fusion protein colocalizes with a peroxisomal marker protein. Targeted deletion of PTH2, generated mutants that were completely non-pathogenic, lacked CAT activity and were unable to utilize a range of lipid substrates. The impairment of appressorium function in Deltapth2 was associated with a delay in lipid reserve mobilization from germ tubes into developing infection cells, and abnormal chitin distribution in infection structures. Addition of glucose to Deltapth2 mutants partially restored the ability to cause rice blast disease and lipid reserve mobilization. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that Pth2 plays a role in the generation of acetyl CoA pools necessary for appressorium function and rapid elaboration of penetration hyphae during host infection.
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Laboratories, Perry Road, Exeter, EX4 4QG, UK.
authors.forename: Gurpreet K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Bhambra
authors.forename: Zheng-Yi
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Darren M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Soanes
authors.forename: Gavin E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Wakley
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Talbot
mesh_terms: D002332:Carnitine O-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002686:Chitin / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000235:genetics; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001467:Hordeum / Q000166:cytology / Q000382:microbiology; D025301:Hyphae / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D020082:Magnaporthe / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D009154:Mutation; D012275:Oryza / Q000166:cytology / Q000382:microbiology; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000201:enzymology; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000166:cytology / Q000382:microbiology; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D008055:Lipids; D002686:Chitin; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D002332:Carnitine O-Acetyltransferase; D005947:Glucose