title: The impact of migraine on daily activities: effect of topiramate compared with placebo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assess the impact of migraine preventive therapy on patient-reported routine daily activities using the Migraine Specific Questionnaire (MSQ) and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) in patients with migraine who participated in a 26-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of topiramate for migraine prevention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were required to have 3-12 migraines and < or = 15 headache days/month during the baseline phase. Patients who failed > 2 adequate regimens of migraine preventive therapy were excluded. MSQ and SF-36 data were collected at baseline, weeks 8, 16, and 26 from 469 patients receiving either topiramate 50, 100, or 200 mg/day or placebo. Patients entered a double-blind, 8-week titration period followed by an 18-week maintenance period. Two activity-related MSQ domains (Role Restrictive [RR] and Role Prevention [RP]) and two activity-related SF-36 domains (Role Physical [SF-36-RP] and Vitality [SF-36-VT]) were prospectively designated as the outcome measures. Changes in MSQ and SF-36 scores during the double-blind phase relative to prospective baseline scores were compared between topiramate- and placebo-treated groups. Specifically, a mixed-effect piecewise linear regression model was used to estimate average domain score over time, and areas under the domain-over-time curve (AUC) were compared using a 2-sided t-test, with multiplicity adjustment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the intent-to-treat population (N = 469), topiramate (all doses) significantly improved mean MSQ-RR domain scores versus placebo (topiramate 50 mg/day, p = 0.035; topiramate 100 mg/day; p < 0.001; topiramate 200 mg/day, p = 0.001). Topiramate-associated improvements in mean MSQ-RP domain scores were significant versus placebo only for topiramate 100 mg/day (p = 0.045). SF-36-RP and SF-36-VT domain scores improved (not significant versus placebo) for topiramate 100 and 200 mg/day. Changes in these MSQ and SF-36 domain scores significantly correlated with changes in mean monthly migraine frequency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improvements in patient-reported outcomes specific for migraine (measured by the MSQ) were significantly better for patients receiving topiramate than for those receiving placebo. Improvements in the prospectively selected MSQ and SF-36 domains were significantly correlated with the decrease in mean monthly migraine frequency observed with topiramate treatment.
authors.affiliation: Jefferson Headache Center, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Silberstein
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Loder
authors.forename: Grace
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Forde
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papadopoulos
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fairclough
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Greenberg
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008954:Models, Biological; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010919:Placebos; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D000077236:Topiramate
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010919:Placebos; D000077236:Topiramate; D005632:Fructose