title: Clonorchis sinensis infection and increasing risk of cholangiocarcinoma in the Republic of Korea.
abstract: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of Clonorchis sinensis infection, an epidemiologic survey was performed (3,169 residents; age range: 30-87 years; mean age = 59; 1,973 women) in three areas with different mortality rates of cholangiocarcinoma. C. sinensis prevalence was 2.1% in Chuncheon, 7.8% in Chungju, and 31.3% in Haman, where cholangiocarcinoma incidence rate was 0.3, 1.8, and 5.5 per 100,000 persons, respectively. Of the four major risk factors for C. sinensis (male sex, alcohol consumption, raw freshwater fish intake, and area of residence), area was the strongest. Efforts to discourage raw freshwater fish intake, treat egg carriers, and protect water sources from C. sinensis contamination should be strengthened in the Republic of Korea.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for National Cancer Control and Evaluation, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Young-Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Franceschi
authors.forename: Jin-Kyoung
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Hyun-Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Seung-Sik
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Sue-Kyung
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sung-Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Woon-Mok
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Dong-Il
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Keun-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Sung-Tae
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Hai-Rim
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000818:Animals; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000469:parasitology; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000469:parasitology; D003003:Clonorchiasis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003004:Clonorchis sinensis; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors