title: N-Terminal protein modifications in an insect cell-free protein synthesis system and their identification by mass spectrometry.
abstract: To evaluate the ability of an insect cell-free protein synthesis system to generate proper N-terminal cotranslational protein modifications such as removal of the initiating Met, N-acetylation, and N-myristoylation, several mutants were constructed using truncated human gelsolin (tGelsolin) as a model protein. Tryptic digests of these mutants were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS and MALDI-quadrupole-IT-TOF MS. The wild-type tGelsolin, which is an N-myristoylated protein, was found to be N-myristoylated when myristoyl-CoA was added to the in vitro translation reaction mixture. N-myristoylation did not occur on the Gly-2 to Ala mutant, in which the N-myristoylation motif was disrupted, whereas this mutant was found to be N-acetylated after removal of the initiating Met. Analyses of Gly-2 to His and Leu-3 to Asp mutants revealed that the amino acids at positions 2 and 3 strongly affect the susceptibility of the nascent peptide chain to removal of the initiating Met and to N-acetylation, respectively. These results suggest that N-terminal modifications occurring in the insect cell-free protein synthesis system are quite similar to those observed in the mammalian protein synthesis system. Thus, a combination of the cell-free protein synthesis system with MS is an effective strategy to analyze protein modifications.
authors.affiliation: Life Science Laboratory, Analytical and Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan. t-suzuki@shimadzu.co.jp
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ezure
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shikata
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Utsumi
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsunasawa
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nishimura
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000217:Acyltransferases; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018260:Gelsolin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D046188:Protein Modification, Translational / Q000502:physiology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D018260:Gelsolin; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000217:Acyltransferases; C050480:glycylpeptide N-tetradecanoyltransferase