title: Superior vena cava and innominate vein dimensions in growing children : an aid for interventional devices and transvenous leads.
abstract: Transvenous (TV) pacing and defibrillation leads are frequently implanted in children as part of treatment for various congenital and acquired rhythm abnormalities. However, the lead-vascular endothelial interaction is not a benign process and is associated with a risk of progressive venous obstruction. Often, this obstruction requires surgical or interventional relief. The risk of obstruction is related to venous diameters at implant and lead size. Since venous diameters are largely unknown at different ages, the purpose of this study was to correlate innominate vein (INN) and superior vena cava (SVC) diameters with body dimensions in growing children.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
authors.forename: Sanjeev
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sanjeev
authors.forename: Peter P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Karpawich
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001827:Body Height; D001830:Body Surface Area; D001835:Body Weight; D016121:Brachiocephalic Veins / Q000254:growth & development*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008824:Michigan; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior / Q000254:growth & development*