title: Determination of morphine and codeine in urine using poly(dimethylsiloxane) microchip electrophoresis with electrochemical detection.
abstract: In this paper, a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchip with electrochemical (EC) detection was developed for rapid separation and detection of morphine and codeine. It was found that morphine and codeine were well separated within 140 s in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) (pH 6.6, 40 mM)-beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) (20 mM)-acetonitrile (30%, v/v). The detection limit was 0.2 microM for morphine and 1 microM for codeine. The protocol was successfully applied to monitoring the amount of morphine and codeine in human urine. Compared with the conventional methods, the presented method had many advantages such as lower instrument cost, less reagent consumption and shorter analysis time.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Qian-Li
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing-Juan
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiang-Yun
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong-Zhen
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.forename: Hong-Yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000097:Acetonitriles; D002021:Buffers; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003061:Codeine / Q000652:urine*; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000737:chemistry; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004586:Electrophoresis; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008838:Microcomputers; D009020:Morphine / Q000652:urine*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000652:urine*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012828:Silicones / Q000737:chemistry; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins
chemical_list: D000097:Acetonitriles; D002021:Buffers; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D009294:Narcotics; D012828:Silicones; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; C013830:baysilon; D009020:Morphine; D003061:Codeine; C032159:acetonitrile