Immune restoration under HAART in patients chronically infected with HIV-1: diversity of T, B, and NK immune responses.
The aim of the study was to follow prospectively the humoral, cellular and innate immune responses under HAART and to verify if a functional restoration of the B lymphocytes could be evaluated by measuring the anti-HIV-1 IgG antibodies avidity index (AI). Eleven HIV-1 infected and immunosuppressed patients were included in the study. Viral load, naive and memory B-cells, CD4 and CD8 T-cells and NK-cells counts, and anti-HIV-1 IgG AI were determined during the follow-up (18 months). Ten patients were sustained responders under HAART and showed a quantitative restoration of the CD4 T-cell counts (+269 x 10(6)/L). The AI decreased for ten subjects (-11%, p = 0.006) but very slowly and continuously. A quantitative restoration of the humoral immune response began, mainly concerning the naive B-cells (+110 x 10(6)/L). Apart from one patient, the CD8 T-cell subset approached the reference values of healthy subjects either by decreasing or increasing their cell levels. No homogeneous evolution was described concerning the NK-cell subset, apart from trend towards increasing in patients with opportunistic infection (range, +58 to +291 x 10(6)/L). Our study, which evaluated simultaneously for the first time to our knowledge the cellular, humoral and innate immune responses showed that HAART induced a large diversity of immune restoration patterns in responder patients. However, the AI measure appears to be a weak marker to evaluate an immune restoration in chronic HIV-1 infected patients under HAART.
Le Guillou-Guillemette
H
H
Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France. HeLeguillou@chu-angers.fr
Renier
G
G
Vielle
B
B
Abgueguen
P
P
Chennebault
J-M
JM
Lunel
F
F
Payan
C
C
D000328:Adult; D000915:Antibody Affinity; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D015483:HIV Antibodies; D007074:Immunoglobulin G