title: Interactions between iron availability, aluminium toxicity and fungal siderophores.
abstract: The influence of iron, aluminium and of the combined application of both metals on microbial biomass and production of siderophores by three fungi (Aspergillus nidulans, Neurospora crassa and Hymenoscyphus ericae) were investigated. All three species showed a strong iron regulation and Al-sensitivity of siderophore biosynthesis although several differences remained species dependent. Inhibitory effects of Fe and Al on siderophore-production were additive and the higher binding capacity of siderophores towards iron could be compensated by a higher Al-availability. Although pH itself is also important for regulation of siderophore biosynthesis, an indirect effect of Al on siderophore production via an Al-induced pH decrease could be outlined. The toxic effects of Al resulting in a reduced biomass production were compensated by high Fe-availability, whereas the addition of DFAM, a bacterial siderophore, enhanced Al-toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria. Paul.Illmer@uibk.ac.at
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Illmer
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Buttinger
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001233:Aspergillus nidulans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018533:Biomass; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009492:Neurospora crassa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017262:Siderophores / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017262:Siderophores; D000535:Aluminum; D007501:Iron