title: Hyperspectral temperature and salt dependencies of absorption by water and heavy water in the 400-750 nm spectral range.
abstract: The temperature and salt dependencies of absorption by liquid water (H2O) and heavy water (D2O) were determined using a hyperspectral absorption and attenuation meter (WET Labs, AC-S). Sodium chloride (NaCl) was used as a proxy for seawater salts. There was no significant temperature (PsiT) or salt (PsiS) dependency of absorption at wavelengths <550 nm. At wavelengths >550 nm, PsiT exhibited peaks at approximately 604, 662, and 740 nm. A small negative trough in PsiS occurred at approximately 590 nm, followed by a small positive peak approximately 620 nm, a larger negative trough at approximately 720 nm, and a strong positive peak at approximately 755 nm. The salt dependency of absorption by heavy water, Psis(H), exhibited a negative power-law shape with very low Psis(H), at wavelengths >550 nm. Our experiments with NaCl, clean open ocean seawater, and artificial seawater support the hypothesis that salts modify the absorption spectra of seawater by modifying the molecular matrix and vibrations of pure water.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, RI 02882, USA. jsully@gso.uri.edu
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Twardowski
authors.forename: J Ronald V
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Zaneveld
authors.forename: Casey M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Andrew H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Barnard
authors.forename: Percy L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Donaghay
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rhoades