title: Efficacy and safety of dexmethylphenidate extended-release capsules in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The efficacy and safety of dexmethylphenidate extended release (d-MPH-ER) was compared to placebo in pediatric patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, two-phase study included 97 patients (ages 6-17 years) with DSM-IV-defined ADHD. The study was carried out between 2001 and 2003. After a 2-week evaluation phase, patients were randomized to d-MPH-ER or placebo for 7 weeks. Flexible d-MPH-ER dosing (30 mg/day) was permitted for 5 weeks, then patients remained on their optimal dose during the last 2 study weeks. The primary efficacy measure was change from baseline to final rating in Conners ADHD/DSM-IV Scale-Teacher version (CADS-T) total subscale score. Secondary efficacy variables included changes from baseline to final visit in CADS-T Inattentive and Hyperactive-Impulsive subscale scores, CADS-P DSM-IV total subscale score and Inattentive and Hyperactive-Impulsive subscale scores, Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement (CGI-I) and CGI-Severity (CGI-S) scale scores, and Child Health Questionnaire Parent Form 50 scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  d-MPH-ER improved CADS-T total scores significantly compared with placebo (p <.001), and 67.3% of d-MPH-ER patients were rated much improved or very much improved on CGI-I at final visit versus 13.3% of placebo patients (p <.001). More patients taking d-MPH-ER (49.1%) than placebo (25.5%) spontaneously reported adverse events suspected as drug related.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Once-daily d-MPH-ER was more effective than placebo in the treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit of Pediatric Psychopharmacology at the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA. llg2@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Laurence L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Greenhill
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Muniz
authors.forename: Roberta R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pestreich
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D064699:Dexmethylphenidate Hydrochloride; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007536:Isomerism; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D064699:Dexmethylphenidate Hydrochloride; D008774:Methylphenidate