Optimizing engineered heart tissue for therapeutic applications as surrogate heart muscle.
BACKGROUND
Cardiac tissue engineering aims at providing heart muscle for cardiac regeneration. Here, we hypothesized that engineered heart tissue (EHT) can be improved by using mixed heart cell populations, culture in defined serum-free and Matrigel-free conditions, and fusion of single-unit EHTs to multi-unit heart muscle surrogates.


RESULTS
EHTs were constructed from native and cardiac myocyte enriched heart cell populations. The former demonstrated a superior contractile performance and developed vascular structures. Peptide growth factor-supplemented culture medium was developed to maintain contractile EHTs in a serum-free environment. Addition of triiodothyronine and insulin facilitated withdrawal of Matrigel from the EHT reconstitution mixture. Single-unit EHTs could be fused to form large multi-unit EHTs with variable geometries.


CONCLUSIONS
Simulating a native heart cell environment in EHTs leads to improved function and formation of primitive capillaries. The latter may constitute a preformed vascular bed in vitro and facilitate engraftment in vivo. Serum- and Matrigel-free culture conditions are expected to reduce immunogenicity of EHT. Fusion of single-unit EHT allows production of large heart muscle constructs that may eventually serve as optimized tissue grafts in cardiac regeneration in vivo.
Naito
Hiroshi
H
Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 5, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Melnychenko
Ivan
I
Didié
Michael
M
Schneiderbanger
Karin
K
Schubert
Pia
P
Rosenkranz
Stephan
S
Eschenhagen
Thomas
T
Zimmermann
Wolfram-Hubertus
WH
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002196:Capillaries / Q000166:cytology; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D002642:Chick Embryo; D003094:Collagen; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D004338:Drug Combinations; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology; D006736:Horses; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007797:Laminin; D009024:Morphogenesis; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D011509:Proteoglycans; D051381:Rats; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D044967:Serum; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000494:pharmacology
D003470:Culture Media; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006133:Growth Substances; D007328:Insulin; D007797:Laminin; D011509:Proteoglycans; D014020:Tissue Extracts; D014284:Triiodothyronine; C059485:matrigel; D003094:Collagen