title: Safety and efficacy of thalidomide in recurrent epithelial ovarian and peritoneal carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thalidomide is an anti-angiogenesis agent that has shown activity in some solid tumors. We performed a phase I clinical trial to determine the toxicity and potential efficacy of Thalidomide in recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with recurrent ovarian cancer were evaluated between 1998 and 2000. Data were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and logistic regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  17 heavily pretreated patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer received oral Thalidomide starting at 100 mg/day, with dose escalations of 100 mg/day every 2 weeks, up to 1200 mg/day as tolerated. The median number of courses was four (range: 1-18 courses), and median dose was 200 mg/day (range: 100-600 mg/day). Treatment duration ranged from 2 to 48 months. Common grade 1 or 2 side effects included constipation (76%), neuropathy (71%), and fatigue (65%) with few grade 3 or 4 events. Three (18%) patients had partial responses, and six (35%) had stabilization of disease after 6 months. After 1 year of treatment, six of the nine patients with an initial partial response (n=2) or stable disease (n=4) remained in these response categories. Median time to progression was 10 months. Forty-seven percent of patients had a 50-70% decrease in CA125 levels. Using logistic regression and repeated measures analyses, CA125 levels decreased by 62 units/ml per month (p=0.07).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrates the safety, tolerability, and potential efficacy of Thalidomide in recurrent and refractory epithelial ovarian cancers. Additional clinical trials are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room HH333, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Manuel
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ciaravino
authors.forename: Michael K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: Amreen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Husain
authors.forename: Nelson N H
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Teng
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002140:California; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D013792:Thalidomide