title: Experimental metabonomic model of dietary variation and stress interactions.
abstract: Stress in the form of moderate periods of maternal separation of newborn rats has been postulated to cause permanent changes in the central nervous system and diseases in later life. It is also considered that dietary supplementation with long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) can potentially ameliorate the effects of stress. The metabolic consequences of early life maternal separation stress were investigated in rats (2-14 days after birth), either alone or in combination with secondary acute water avoidance stress at 3-4 months of age. The effect of a LC-PUFA-enriched dietary intervention in stressed animals was also assessed. Systematic changes in metabolic biochemistry were evaluated using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of blood plasma and multivariate pattern recognition techniques. The biochemical response to stress was characterized by decreased levels of total lipoproteins and increased levels of amino acids, glucose, lactate, creatine, and citrate. Secondary acute water avoidance stress also caused elevated levels of O-acetyl glycoproteins in blood plasma. LC-PUFAs dietary enrichment did not alter the metabolic response to stress, but did result in a modified lipoprotein profile. This work indicates that the different stressor types resulted in some common systemic metabolic responses that involve changes in energy and muscle metabolism, but that they are not reversible by dietary intervention.
authors.affiliation: Biological Chemistry, Biomedical Sciences Division, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Yulan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Huiru
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lindon
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sprenger
authors.forename: Marco E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Turini
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bergonzelli
authors.forename: Laurent B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Fay
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kochhar
authors.forename: Jeremy K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Nicholson
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001362:Avoidance Learning; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D013315:Stress, Psychological
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008074:Lipoproteins; D019343:Citric Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D003404:Creatinine