title: Stressful life events as a link between problems in nonverbal communication and recurrence of depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interpersonal difficulties and stressful life events are important etiological factors in (recurrence of) depression. This study examines whether stressful life events mediate the influence of problems in nonverbal communication on recurrence of depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  We registered nonverbal expressions of involvement from videotaped behavior of 101 remitted outpatients and their interviewers. During a 2-year follow-up, we assessed stressful life events and recurrence of depression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The less congruent the levels of nonverbal involvement behavior of participants and interviewers, the higher the incidence of stressful life events, and -via these - the risk of recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nonverbal behavior was measured in an experimental setting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that lack of nonverbal congruence during social interaction contributes to the occurrence of stressful life events, which in turn may trigger depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands. e.h.bos@med.umcg.nl
authors.forename: Elisabeth H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Bos
authors.forename: Antoinette L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bouhuys
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Geerts
authors.forename: Titus W D P
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: van Os
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ormel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D019263:Dysthymic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009633:Nonverbal Communication; D010552:Personality Assessment; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014743:Videotape Recording