title: Expression of FHIT in esophageal epithelium and carcinoma: reference to drinking, smoking and multicentric carcinogenesis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Both alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking are risk factors for esophageal cancer. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether the fragile histidine triad (FHIT) is their target gene in esophageal carcinogenesis as well as in multicentric carcinogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of FHIT was immunohistochemically examined in the squamous cell carcinoma as well as in the normal esophageal epithelium of 55 cases with esophageal cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median drinking indices (DIs) were 546 and 1092 (p<0.01) in cases with positive FHIT expression and those with a diminished expression in the esophageal epithelium, respectively. Furthermore, the incidences of intra-esophageal multiple cancer were 44% and 13%, respectively (p<0.05). Regarding the expression in cancer lesions, the median DIs were 280 and 721 in positive and diminished cases, respectively (p=0.081).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A loss of FHIT expression is associated not only with alcohol-induced esophageal carcinogenesis, but also with multicentric carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812- 8582, Japan. masarum@surg2.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Tsunehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugaya
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uramoto
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshimatsu
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanagiri
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugio
authors.forename: Kosei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yasumoto
mesh_terms: D017766:Acid Anhydride Hydrolases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D004848:Epithelium / Q000201:enzymology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D004947:Esophagus / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099170:Bis(5'-adenosyl)triphosphatase
chemical_list: D017766:Acid Anhydride Hydrolases; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000099170:Bis(5'-adenosyl)triphosphatase