title: Follistatin rescues the inhibitory effect of activin A on the differentiation of bovine preadipocyte.
abstract: We investigated the effect of activin A and follistatin on the differentiation of bovine preadipocytes. Stromal-vascular (SV) cells containing preadipocytes were prepared from perirenal adipose tissue of approximately 30-month-old Japanese Black steers. After confluence, differentiation was induced by 1-methyl-3-isobutyl-xanthine, dexamethasone, insulin and troglitasone for 2 days, and then subsequently cultured for 6 days. The cells were treated with activin A during the induction of differentiation (the early phase of differentiation) or throughout the differentiation period. We measured the terminal differentiation markers such as glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity, lipid accumulation, and the expression of adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein mRNA at the end of cultures. Activin A suppressed the induction of all differentiation markers regardless of the duration of treatment. The treatment with activin A also reduced the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) alpha mRNAs without affecting the expression of C/EBPbeta mRNA. We also observed that follistatin completely rescued the inhibitory effect of activin A on bovine preadipocyte differentiation. Furthermore, the higher doses of follistatin increased GPDH activity even in the presence of activin A compared with the cells treated with neither activin A nor follistatin. Additionally, the SV cells expressed activin A and myostatin mRNAs. These results suggest that activin A inhibits bovine preadiopocyte differentiation via affecting transcriptional cascade upstream of PPARgamma and C/EBPalpha expressions, and that follistatin suppresses the inhibitory effect of activin A on bovine preadipocyte differentiation. Endogenous activin A and/or myostatin possibly inhibit the differentiation of bovine preadipocytes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwake, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi 606-8502, Japan. shizuka@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shizuka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.forename: Haruka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Naoko H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Moriya
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawachi
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yano
mesh_terms: D028341:Activins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D038681:Follistatin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005993:Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D055435:Myostatin; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha; D038681:Follistatin; D055435:Myostatin; D047495:PPAR gamma; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C422405:activin A; D028341:Activins; D005993:Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase