title: Pathological changes of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer after monotherapy with bicalutamide 150 mg.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the morphological changes induced by a 3-month course of neoadjuvant bicalutamide 150 mg/day before radical prostatectomy (RP) on prostatic adenocarcinoma and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN).
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 90 patients with cT1-T2 prostate cancer and HGPIN on prostatic biopsy were randomized to receive bicalutamide (150 mg/day for 3 months) before RP, or to have immediate surgery. Surgical specimens were assessed for the histopathological features of cancer, HGPIN and benign epithelium in a blinded manner. The volumes of prostate cancer and HGPIN were evaluated using a stereological (i.e. grid) method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the bicalutamide-treated group, the ratio of stroma to epithelium, evaluated by visual microscopic assessment in the normal epithelium of the three prostate zones, was significantly lower in the control group, at 2.27 (sd 1.13), than in the treated group, at 1.87 (sd 0.72) (P = 0.048). The mean (sd) tumour volume was significantly lower in the bicalutamide-treated than in the control group, at 0.914 (0.13) vs 1.47 (0.24) mL (P = 0.044). Similarly, the mean (sd) volume of HGPIN was significantly lower in the bicalutamide-treated than in the control group, at 0.34 (0.06) vs 0.62 (0.07) mL (P = 0.003). At RP, specimen Gleason scores in the bicalutamide-treated group were similar to those in the control group, and were no different from the biopsy Gleason scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Involution and epithelial shrinkage of prostate cancer and HGPIN were evident after neoadjuvant treatment with bicalutamide 150 mg. There was no evidence of the emergence of higher-grade cancer after treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Vita-Salute, Scientific Institute H San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. scattoni.vincenzo@hsr.it
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Scattoni
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Montironi
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mazzucchelli
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freschi
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nava
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Losa
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Terrone
authors.forename: Roberto M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Scarpa
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Montorsi
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pappagallo
authors.forename: Patrizio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rigatti
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000813:Anilides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009570:Nitriles; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D014105:Tosyl Compounds; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D000813:Anilides; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009570:Nitriles; D014105:Tosyl Compounds; C053541:bicalutamide; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen