title: Efficiency of polymer beads in the removal of heparin: toward the development of a novel reactor.
abstract: Administration of heparin during extracorporeal procedures increases the risk of haemorrhage. Various reactor designs, including the use of heparinase and poly-L-lysine. HBr hollow fiber, have been investigated for the removal of heparin prior to the blood being returned to the patient; however, none of them have been implemented clinically. In this paper it is proposed that beads made from poly-L-lysine/alginate can be used to remove the heparin. The aim of this work is to perform the necessary experiments in order to get the information required to design a heparin removal reactor that uses these beads. The experiments are aimed at measuring the removal rates of heparin by the beads, testing the efficiency of the beads to remove heparin, determining repeatability and identifying factors that could influence the removal rate. Batch rate experiments using poly-L-lysine/alginate beads in saline solutions were performed to investigate the removal rate of heparin. The results, which indicate that heparin is efficiently removed, may lead to improved bioreactor designs.
authors.affiliation: School of Process and Materials Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: M Sunil
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Varghese
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hildebrandt
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Glasser
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Crowther
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Rubin
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D019149:Bioreactors; D005112:Extracorporeal Circulation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006493:Heparin / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008863:Microspheres; D011107:Polylysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; C051546:alginate-polylysine-alginate; D011107:Polylysine; D006493:Heparin