title: [Main causes of the emergence delay from balanced anesthesia].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Occasionally emergence from anesthesia is delayed. We examined the factors which exert influence on the emergence time.
  
  
  METHODS
  The emergence time was assessed in 1133 surgical patients who received balanced anesthesia. Balanced anesthesia was maintained with infusion of propofol, ketamine, vecuronium, and buprenorphine, with nitrous oxide. OT time was defined as the time from the end of operation to extubation, TA time from extubation to leaving the operation room, and these times were examined retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The emergence time of OT was 3.9 +/- 2.6 min, and that of TA was 3.7 +/- 2.2 min, for all subjects who were extubated in the operating room. Factors affecting the emergence delay were ASA classification, JCS classification, ages, department of surgery, the time of anesthesia, and the anesthesiologists.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When the anesthesiologists keep in mind early emergence and become accustomed to this balanced anesthesia, the emergence time will be shorter, and the extubated cases in the operating room will increase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Shiroyama Hospital, Habikino 583-0852.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onaka
authors.forename: Hiromitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000379:methods; D002047:Buprenorphine; D006801:Humans; D007649:Ketamine; D008875:Middle Aged; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D015742:Propofol; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014673:Vecuronium Bromide
chemical_list: D002047:Buprenorphine; D007649:Ketamine; D014673:Vecuronium Bromide; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D015742:Propofol