title: Long-term results of free radial forearm flap used for oral reconstruction: functional and histological evaluation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the radial forearm flap with regard to recovery of sensory function, general performance status, cutaneous blood flow and histological observations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients (23 male and 7 female) with oral carcinoma underwent immediate reconstruction with radial forearm flap after ablative surgery and returned for evaluation. Interviews were conducted to assess the degree of articulation and mastication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sensory function tests suggested the restoration of cutaneous sensibility of the forearm flap. Histological findings indicated mucosa-like changes of flaps about 10 months after reconstruction. The clarity of conversation recovered favorably in most patients. However, the degree of recovery was generally related to the time after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The radial forearm flap is a unique flap with specific characters that allowed for best available functional reconstruction of the oral cavity in terms of restoration of sensation, performance, and histological changes to adapt to the new oral environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Mihamaku, Chiba, Japan. sibahara@tdc.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibahara
authors.forename: Ashiraf Fathy
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katakura
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nomura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000637:transplantation; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012677:Sensation / Q000502:physiology; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000379:methods / Q000502:physiology; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology; D013062:Speech Articulation Tests; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*