title: The effect of patient age on contrast enhancement during CT of the pancreatobiliary region.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of our study was to assess whether it is possible to reduce the dose and rate of contrast material injection in elderly patients in triple-phase contrast-enhanced CT of the pancreatobiliary region with an MDCT scanner.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twelve patients were divided into three groups: contrast injection at 0.08 mL/kg body weight/s (an upper limit of 5 mL/s) over 30 seconds in patients 60 years old or younger (group 1, n = 49), the same contrast injection as group 1 in patients more than 60 years old (group 2, n = 32), and contrast injection at 0.07 mL/kg body weight/s (an upper limit of 4.5 mL/s) over 30 seconds in patients more than 60 years old (group 3, n = 31). Contrast enhancement in the aorta, portal venous system, pancreas, and liver was assessed quantitatively. Two radiologists blinded to the patients' clinical information and the injection protocol used to acquire the CT images graded the degree of contrast enhancement using a 5-point scoring system. The results for the different groups were statistically compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Contrast enhancement in the main phases for all organs was significantly more intense in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3. Cases in which pancreatic enhancement in the pancreatic phase was graded as excessive were more frequently observed in group 2. No statistically significant differences were observed between groups 1 and 3 in either quantitative or visual assessment for enhancement of any organ in any phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We recommend reducing the dose and rate of contrast material injection by at least 10% for elderly patients undergoing MDCT examination of the pancreatobiliary region.
authors.affiliation: Department of Technical Radiology, Nagoya University School of Health Sciences, Daikou-minami 1-1-20, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan. shigeito@met.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Satake
authors.forename: Toyohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishigaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media