title: Conversion of ciclosporin A to tacrolimus in kidney transplant recipients with chronic allograft nephropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tacrolimus and ciclosporin might have different effects on intra-renal fibrosis and allograft function in chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN). It is difficult to predict the response to calcineurin inhibitor minimization in patients with CAN.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective randomized study compared ciclosporin A (CsA)-to-tacrolimus conversion (group A, target tacrolimus trough level 6-8 ng/ml) vs CsA minimization (group B, target CsA trough level 80-100 ng/ml) with regard to efficacy and safety in patients with CAN and deteriorating allograft function. The primary efficacy endpoint was improvement in the slope of inverse serum creatinine (1/SCr) vs time plot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 34 evaluable patients (n=16 in group A; n=18 in group B), with similar baseline characteristics. Both groups reached target drug levels after a 3-month run-in period. Over the ensuing 12 months, nine (56.3%) subjects in group A and 10 (55.6%) in group B reached the primary end point (P=0.968). Both groups showed considerable improvement in the slope of 1/SCr vs time plot. There was no significant difference in the slope between groups before and after intervention. Graft survival was 87% in group A and 100% in group B (P=0.121). Acute rejection was encountered in two group A subjects. There was no significant change or difference in blood glucose, lipids, and blood pressure between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that in patients with CAN and deteriorating allograft function, CsA-to-tacrolimus conversion or CsA minimization achieved comparable efficacies in retarding the decline of graft function. Such contention may be biased by the low patient number. Further studies with a larger cohort are needed for validation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong and Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Sydney Chi-Wai
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Kwok Wah
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Colin Siu-On
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Man Fai
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Chung Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Kai Chung
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: Chun Sang
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yiu Wing
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Matthew Kwok-Lung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Kar Neng
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Tak Mao
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D003404:Creatinine; D016559:Tacrolimus