Magnetic resonance imaging of Alzheimer's disease.
A modern challenge for neuroimaging techniques is to contribute to the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Early diagnosis includes recognition of pre-demented conditions, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or having a high risk of developing AD. The role of neuroimaging therefore extends beyond its traditional role of excluding other conditions such as neurosurgical lesions. In addition, early diagnosis would allow early treatment using currently available therapies or new therapies in the future. Structural imaging can detect and follow the time course of subtle brain atrophy as a surrogate marker for pathological processes. New MR techniques and image analysis software can detect subtle brain microstructural, perfusion or metabolic changes that provide new tools to study the pathological processes and detect pre-demented conditions. This review focuses on markers of macro- and microstructural, perfusion, diffusion and metabolic MR imaging and spectroscopy in AD.
Lehéricy
Stéphane
S
Department of Neuroradiology, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, Cedex 13, France. stephane.lehericy@psl.aphp.fr
Marjanska
Malgorzata
M
Mesrob
Lilia
L
Sarazin
Marie
M
Kinkingnehun
Serge
S
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D001284:Atrophy / Q000175:diagnosis; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed