title: Biocatalytic and antimetastatic studies of the marine cembranoids sarcophine and 2-epi-16-deoxysarcophine.
abstract: The soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum is a rich resource of several bioactive cembranoids. Sarcophytol A (1) and sarcophine (2) are cembranoid diterpenes reported from this soft coral and extensively investigated for their cancer chemopreventive properties. This study aimed at investigating the antimetastatic potential of the major cembranoids, sarcophine (2) and 2-epi-16-deoxysarcophine (3), from the Red Sea soft coral S. glaucum. Biocatalytic transformation of 3 using Rhizopus stolonifer ATCC 6227a and Absidia spinosa ATCC 6648 afforded four new metabolites, 5-7 and 9, along with the known 9alpha-hydroxysarcophine (8). Sarcophine, 2-epi-16-deoxysarcophine, and metabolites 5-9 revealed significant antimetastatic activity against the highly metastatic mouse melanoma cell line (B16B15b). Cembranoids demonstrate a great potential for further development as antimetastatic agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 700 University Avenue, Monroe, Louisiana 71209, USA.
authors.forename: Swapnali S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Sawant
authors.forename: Diaa T A
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Youssef
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reiland
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferniz
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.forename: Khalid A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: El Sayed
mesh_terms: D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000737:chemistry*; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D008386:Marine Biology; D008545:Melanoma / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C513382:2-epi-16-deoxysarcophine; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; C058761:sarcophytol A; C014804:sarcophine; D015107:4-Butyrolactone