title: Quantification of binary diffusion in protein crystals.
abstract: The use of confocal laser scanning microscopy for visualization and quantification of binary diffusion within anisotropic porous material is described here for the first time. The dynamics of adsorption profiles of dianionic fluorescein, zwitterionic rhodamine B, and their mixture in the cationic native orthorhombic lysozyme crystal were subsequently analyzed. All data could be described by a classical pore diffusion model. There was no change in the adsorption characteristics, but diffusion decreased with the introduction of a second solute in the solution. It was found that diffusion is determined by the combination of steric and electrostatic interactions,while adsorption is dependent on electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. Thus, it was established that the outcome of binary transport depends on the solute, protein, and crystal characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Aleksandar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cvetkovic
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Picioreanu
authors.forename: Adrie J J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Straathof
authors.forename: Rajamani
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krishna
authors.forename: Luuk A M
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: van der Wielen
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D016880:Anisotropy; D001692:Biological Transport; D001703:Biophysics / Q000379:methods; D002412:Cations; D002627:Chemistry, Physical / Q000379:methods; D003460:Crystallization; D004058:Diffusion; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009113:Muramidase / Q000737:chemistry*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D012235:Rhodamines / Q000737:chemistry*; D012996:Solutions; D055672:Static Electricity
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D011506:Proteins; D012235:Rhodamines; D012996:Solutions; C421864:hen egg lysozyme; D009113:Muramidase; C029773:rhodamine B