title: Effects of family functioning and self-image on adolescent smoking initiation among Asian-American subgroups.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined differences in smoking prevalence and differences in associations between family functioning, self-image and adolescent smoking behavior among four Asian-American subgroups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Statistical analyses were conducted on responses about their smoking behaviors from 1139 students who self-identified as Chinese-Americans, Filipino-Americans, Korean-Americans, and Vietnamese-Americans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences in the prevalence of ever-tried smoking and 30-day smoking were found across subgroups, but there were no overall gender differences. Korean-American adolescents reported the highest lifetime smoking and 30-day smoking rates, followed by Vietnamese- and Filipino-Americans. Chinese-Americans reported the lowest smoking rates. There were also differences in the associations between smoking and family functioning and self-image across the four subgroups. High family functioning was inversely associated with smoking for Chinese- and Korean-American adolescents, but not for Filipino- and Vietnamese-Americans. On the other hand, high self-image was associated with decreased risk of smoking for Filipino- and Vietnamese-Americans, but not for the other two subgroups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings of this study demonstrate that family functioning and self-image varied across Asian-American subgroups. This suggests the need to understand etiological differences between the groups as well as potential implications for prevention cessation programs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Kinesiology, Department of Health Science, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, California 92834, USA. jweiss@fullerton.edu
authors.forename: Jie W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Garbanati
authors.forename: Sora P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Tanjasiri
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Paula H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Palmer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D001213:Asian / Q000523:psychology*; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012649:Self Concept; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*