title: Treatment of cremaster synkinesias with botulinum toxin A: a video case report.
abstract: Synkinesias secondary to nerve lesions and aberrant re-innervation are well-known phenomena especially after lesions of the facial nerve. Synkinesias can successfully be treated with botulinum toxin A (BTx A). Synkinesias of the cremaster muscle have not been described or treated to date. We present the case of a 62-year-old man who developed synkinesias of both cremaster muscles after extensive laparatomy for esophageal cancer. Treatment of synkinesias with various oral medications had been unsuccessful. Electromyography-guided injections of BTx A in both cremaster muscles (15 MU on the right and 10 on the left) led to significant symptom relief for an average of 8 weeks. We present the case including pre- and posttreatment video clips.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany. ritterm@uni-muenster.de
authors.forename: Martin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.forename: Achim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frese
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dziewas
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knecht
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Evers
mesh_terms: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004576:Electromyography; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000294:innervation*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012611:Scrotum / Q000294:innervation*; D013085:Spermatic Cord / Q000294:innervation*; D046608:Synkinesis / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A