title: Comparative early and late outcomes after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in ST-segment elevation and non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (from the CADILLAC trial).
abstract: We determined the outcomes of patients with acute ST-segment elevation (STE) myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI (NSTEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The prognosis after primary PCI in STEMI has been extensively studied and defined. Outcomes of patients who undergo primary PCI for NSTEMI are less well established. In total, 2,082 patients with ongoing chest pain for > 30 minutes consistent with acute MI were randomized to balloon angioplasty versus stenting, each with/without abciximab. Of 1,964 patients, STEMI was present in 1,725 (87.8%) and NSTEMI in 239 (12.2%). Compared with STEMI, those with NSTEMI were more likely to have delayed time-to-hospital arrival (2.4 vs 1.8 hours, p = 0.0002) and increased door-to-balloon time (3.2 vs 1.9 hours, p < 0.0001). Patients with NSTEMI were more likely to have Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction grade 3 flow at baseline (37.3% vs 19.4%, p < 0.0001) and higher ejection fraction (58.7% vs 55.8%, p = 0.001), but similar rates of postprocedural Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction grade 3 flow. At 1 year, patients with NTEMI had similar mortality (3.4% vs 4.4%, p = 0.40) but higher rates of major adverse cardiac events (24.0% vs 16.6%, p = 0.007) that was driven by more frequent ischemic target vessel revascularization (21.8% vs 11.9%, p <0.0001). In conclusion, patients with acute MI without STE who are treated with primary PCI have marked delays to treatment, similar late mortality, and increased rates of ischemic target vessel revascularization compared with patients with STEMI, despite more favorable angiographic features at presentation and similar reperfusion success. The adverse prognosis of patients with NSTEMI should be recognized and efforts made to decrease reperfusion times.
authors.affiliation: Mid Carolina Cardiology, Charlotte, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: Gregg W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Cindy L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Grines
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stuckey
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Zimetbaum
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Tcheng
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Turco
authors.forename: Eulogio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guagliumi
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Iwaoka
authors.forename: Roxana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mehran
authors.forename: William W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: Alexandra J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lansky
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Griffin
mesh_terms: D000077284:Abciximab; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015607:Stents; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000925:Anticoagulants; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D000077284:Abciximab