title: Multicenter phase II trial of immunotherapy with the humanized anti-CD22 antibody, epratuzumab, in combination with rituximab, in refractory or recurrent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A multicenter, single-arm study examining efficacy and toxicity of epratuzumab combined with rituximab was conducted in patients with recurrent or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-five patients were enrolled; 34 patients with follicular lymphoma (FL), 15 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and 16 patients with other lymphomas. The patients had received a median of two prior therapies (range, 1 to 4); 23% had received rituximab. Epratuzumab was given at 360 mg/m2 intravenously over 60 minutes followed by infusion of 375 mg/m2 rituximab, weekly for 4 consecutive weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Combination therapy was well tolerated without greater toxicity than rituximab alone. The objective response (OR) rate was 47% (30 of 64) in assessable patients (46%; 30 of 65 in all patients), being highest in FL (64%; 21 of 33) and DLBCL (47%; seven of 15), and with 24% (eight of 33) and 33% (five of 15) achieving complete response (CR) or complete response unconfirmed (CRu) in these two groups, respectively. Two of six patients with marginal zone lymphoma responded to treatment (one CR). There was a trend for the response rates to be higher in patients with low prognostic index scores (statistically significant with respect to the Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index score in FL patients), with 12 FL patients and three DLBCL patients in groups 0 to 1 having OR (CR/CRu) rates of 83% (33%) and 100% (100%), respectively. The median duration of response was 16 months for FL, with five patients currently progression free for 18 months to 30 months, and 6 months for DLBCL, with two patients currently progression free for 12 months and 18 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epratuzumab combined with rituximab was well tolerated, demonstrating promising antilymphoma activity that warrants additional study.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research United Kingdom Medical Oncology Unit, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sandra J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morschhauser
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rech
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Repp
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Solal-Celigny
authors.forename: Pier L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Zinzani
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Engert
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Coiffier
authors.forename: Dieter F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Hoelzer
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Wegener
authors.forename: Nick K W
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Teoh
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Goldenberg
authors.forename: T Andrew
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Lister
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D000069283:Rituximab; D051918:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2 / Q000276:immunology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D051918:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2; C448700:epratuzumab; D000069283:Rituximab