title: Antenatal vitamin A decreases ventilation-induced lung injury in the lamb model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) are susceptible to ventilation-induced lung injury. Vitamin A may protect the lung from injury during ventilation. The authors investigated the effects of antenatal vitamin A on ventilation-induced lung injury in CDH lambs using lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity as an indicator of lung injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Left-sided diaphragmatic defects were created in 10 lambs at 79-81 days' gestation. Six CDH lambs had right jugular venous catheters inserted at 120 days' gestation and were given vitamin A until 135 days' gestation. Four CDH lambs were not treated. Twin littermates (n = 3) served as controls. All lambs were delivered at 136-139 days of gestation and ventilated for 2 hours. Lambs were sacrificed following ventilation and samples of left lung were snap frozen. MPO was extracted from lung tissue and MPO activity was assayed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CDH lambs treated with antenatal vitamin A demonstrated significantly lower MPO activity than untreated CDH lambs (0.0477 +/- 0.0150 vs. 0.1106 +/- 0.0230 units/mg protein, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study to look at the effect of vitamin A on lung injury in CDH. In the lamb model of CDH, antenatal vitamin A decreases ventilation-induced lung injury.
authors.affiliation: The Buffalo Institute of Fetal Therapy, Children's Hospital of Buffalo, New York, USA. nicola_lewis@msn.com
authors.forename: Nicola A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Bruce A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Holm
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Swartz
authors.forename: June
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sokolowski
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rossman
authors.forename: Philip L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Glick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006548:Hernia, Diaphragmatic / Q000150:complications; D065630:Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012756:Sheep; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins; D014801:Vitamin A