title: Multiplexed detection of antibodies to nonstructural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus.
abstract: Liquid array technology was used to develop a multiplexed assay for the detection of antibodies to viral nonstructural proteins (NSPs), raised in cattle in response to infection with foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus. Two assays, one based on recombinant NSPs and the other on synthetically produced peptides, were developed and compared side-by-side. Serum samples from serial bleeds of cattle, each experimentally infected with one of the seven serotypes (C, A, O, Asia, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3) of FMD virus were analyzed. A distinct pattern in the detection of NSP antibodies and a close correlation of the recombinant protein and peptide-based assays were observed. The detection of antibodies to NSPs is a method to differentiate FMD-infected and FMD-vaccinated animals, and a high-throughput assay would be an invaluable tool in the case of an outbreak of FMD in North America, when emergency vaccination may be utilized to spare vaccinated, noninfected animals from slaughter and subsequent disposal.
authors.affiliation: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perkins
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Clavijo
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Hindson
authors.forename: Raymond J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lenhoff
authors.forename: Mary T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: McBride
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D002417:Cattle; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D008863:Microspheres; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins