title: Drinking patterns and biochemical signs of alcoholic liver disease in Danish and Greenlandic patients with alcohol addiction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High alcohol intake per capita and a high prevalence of hepatitis B in the population of Greenland is well documented. However, very few studies have been concerned with alcoholic liver diseases in Greenlanders, suggesting a lower prevalence of alcoholic liver disease among Greenlanders. This study was designed to document the prevalence of alcoholic liver diseases in Greenlanders with a high alcohol intake, and to describe and compare the populations of patients with alcohol addiction in Greenland and Denmark.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical cross-sectional study of patients attending alcohol treatment centres in Greenland and Denmark regarding clinical and biochemical signs of liver disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred patients from each country answered a questionnaire about demographic variables, social conditions and alcohol consumption patterns. Each patient was examined clinically and biochemically with respect to signs of liver disease, and, when indicated, liver biopsies were taken.
  
  
  RESULTS
  42 % of the Greenlanders and 91% of Danes had abnormal liver function tests. The average Serum-Aspartate amino transferase (ALAT) was 40.0 U/L in Greenlanders and 52.0 U/L in Danes. No liver biopsies with cirrhosis or fibrosis were found in Greenland, whereas three with fibrosis and ten with cirrhosis were found in Denmark.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There seems to be a lower prevalence of liver disease in Greenlanders with a high alcohol intake, compared to Danes with similar alcohol patterns.
authors.affiliation: Alcohol Unit 161, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark. lavik@mail.dk
authors.forename: Berit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lavik
authors.forename: Claes
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Holmegaard
authors.forename: Ulrik
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Becker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006116:Greenland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged