title: Mast cells can enhance resistance to snake and honeybee venoms.
abstract: Snake or honeybee envenomation can cause substantial morbidity and mortality, and it has been proposed that the activation of mast cells by snake or insect venoms can contribute to these effects. We show, in contrast, that mast cells can significantly reduce snake-venom-induced pathology in mice, at least in part by releasing carboxypeptidase A and possibly other proteases, which can degrade venom components. Mast cells also significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality induced by honeybee venom. These findings identify a new biological function for mast cells in enhancing resistance to the morbidity and mortality induced by animal venoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5324, USA.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.forename: Adrian M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Piliponsky
authors.forename: Ching-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Verena
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lammel
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abrink
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pejler
authors.forename: Mindy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Galli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001514:Bee Venoms / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity; D043422:Carboxypeptidases A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015550:Cell Degranulation; D053818:Chymases; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000209:etiology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D010529:Peritoneal Cavity / Q000166:cytology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D014757:Viper Venoms / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D001514:Bee Venoms; D003435:Crotalid Venoms; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D014757:Viper Venoms; C057354:sarafotoxins s6; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D043422:Carboxypeptidases A; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; D053818:Chymases