title: Contact versus flexure fatigue of a fiber-filled composite.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The intent of this project was to examine the effect of two different modes of fatigue loading, contact and flexure, on the flexure strength of a dental composite.
  
  
  METHODS
  The composite was Restolux (a fiber-filled composite) formed as bars 3 mm x 3 mm x 25 mm in size. The cyclic loading ranges were 30-50, 60-80, and 90-110 N for contact loading and 20-40 and 40-60 N for the flexure loading. Number of cycles completed was 1, 1000 or 100,000 in four different media: air, water, artificial saliva, and a 50/50 mixture of water and ethanol. Specimens were aged in sealed polyethylene containers in their respective media for 4 months at 37 degrees C.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis indicated a significantly lower flexure strength for the specimens flexure loaded versus contact loaded. For the flexure loaded specimens, the number of cycles had no significant effect, but the aging, load, and the media were all significant. For the contact loaded specimens, a significant effect was observed for the media, aging, and cycles completed, but no effect for the different cycling loads.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, the decrease in flexure strength from flexure loading was mainly affected by the aging media, whereas, the decrease from contact loading was attributed mainly to the number of cycles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, 337A College of Dentistry (m/c 555), 801 South Paulina, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612-7212, USA.
authors.forename: Lulwa I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Al-Turki
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Drummond
authors.forename: Majlinda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Agojci
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gosz
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tyrus
authors.forename: Lihong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D018583:Pliability; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; C089825:Restolux SP 4; D000431:Ethanol