title: Dual segmental distraction osteogenesis of the midface in a patient with Apert syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present orthodontic treatment combined with dual segmental distraction osteogenesis in a patient with Apert syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 15-year-old boy exhibited severe midfacial hypoplasia with retruded and hypoplastic maxilla and anterior open bite. The patient was treated with a rigid external distraction II system for distraction osteogenesis, a preadjusted edgewise appliance, and a modified maxillary protraction headgear. The concave profile with midfacial hypoplasia was improved. A tight occlusal relationship between maxillary and mandibular teeth was achieved. Postoperative treatment results have been stable for 1 year.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. mariko@takashima-do.jp
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takashima
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitai
authors.forename: Shumei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Ko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hosokawa
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kreiborg
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takada
mesh_terms: D000168:Acrocephalosyndactylia / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D000293:Adolescent; D002508:Cephalometry; D005115:Extraoral Traction Appliances; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D008437:Maxilla / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D008844:Micrognathism / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D024343:Open Bite / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000295:instrumentation; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D019340:Osteotomy, Le Fort; D016896:Treatment Outcome