title: Centrum use and progression of age-related cataract in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: a propensity score approach. AREDS report No. 21.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of the multivitamin Centrum on the development and progression of age-related lens opacities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinic-based prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four thousand five hundred ninety individuals with at least one natural lens and photographic follow-up (median, 6.3 years) were assessed for development or progression of lens opacities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Progression of "any" lens opacity or type-specific opacity was ascertained from lens photographs taken at baseline and at annual visits beginning at year 2.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) showed no statistically significant effect of a high-dose antioxidant formulation on progression of lens opacities. Centrum also was provided to approximately two thirds of the study participants. Because Centrum use was elective, a logistic regression model of baseline characteristics was used to generate a propensity score for Centrum use. Repeated-measures logistic regression, adjusted for propensity score and other covariates, was used to evaluate associations of Centrum use and lens opacity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Centrum use, adjusted for propensity score and other covariates, was associated with a reduction in "any" lens opacity progression (odds ratio [OR] = 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.72-0.98, P = 0.025). Results for individual lens opacity types suggested that Centrum use was protective for nuclear opacity events (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.61-0.91, P = 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Observational data from the AREDS and other studies suggest that use of a multivitamin may delay the progression of lens opacities. A National Eye Institute-sponsored clinical trial scheduled for completion in 2007 will provide additional data on Centrum use and cataract development.
authors.affiliation: The EMMES Corporation, 701 North Washington Street, Suite 700, Rockville, MD 20850-1707, USA. rmilton@emmes.com
authors.forename: Roy C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Milton
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Sperduto
authors.forename: Traci E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Clemons
authors.forename: Frederick L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Ferris
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D002386:Cataract / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000473:pathology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D010781:Photography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014815:Vitamins / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D014815:Vitamins