Epidemiology of Hoffmeister's "genetically determined predisposition to disturbed development of the dentition" in patients with cleft lip and palate.
OBJECTIVE
Type and prevalence rates of the symptoms of Hoffmeister's "genetically determined predisposition to disturbed development of the dentition" were studied in patients with clefts.


METHODS
Data of 263 patients with nonsyndromic clefts of lip (alveolus and palate) or isolated cleft palates were examined in a retrospective study.


METHODS
The clefts were classified as cleft lip or cleft lip and alveolus, cleft palate, unilateral cleft lip and palate, and bilateral cleft lip and palate. All patients were scrutinized for 28 individual symptoms. Prevalences of the individual symptoms were statistically evaluated regarding cleft type and gender by using the chi-square test and were also compared with findings in patients without clefts.


RESULTS
In 97.7% of the patients with clefts, at least one symptom was found. Microdontia of individual teeth, hypodontia, and hyperodontia were the symptoms most frequently recorded. Comparison of the different cleft types revealed differences regarding the prevalences of supernumerary lateral incisors (p = .051), infraposition of deciduous molars (p < .001), and atypical tooth bud position (p = .030). Comparison of the prevalences of 10 symptoms recorded in the patients with clefts with the prevalences recorded in patients without clefts showed nine symptoms were found much more frequently in the population with clefts.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings support the hypothesis that clefting is part of a complex malformation associated with other dental anomalies resulting from disturbed development of the dentition. Patients with clefts are also likely to present other deficiencies of dental development and tooth eruption in both dentitions, even in regions not affected by the cleft.
Stahl
Franka
F
Department of Orthodontics, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany. Franka.Stahl@medizin.uni-rostock.de
Grabowski
Rosemarie
R
Wigger
Katrin
K
D000293:Adolescent; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000150:complications*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014071:Tooth Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*