title: The nature of interactions in the ionic crystal of 3-pentenenitrile, 2-nitro-5-oxo, ion(-1), sodium.
abstract: The hybrid variation -- perturbation many-body interaction energy decomposition scheme has been applied to analyze the physical nature of interactions in the ionic 3-pentenenitrile, 2-nitro-5-oxo, ion(-1), sodium crystal, which can be regarded as a model for a large group of aromatic quaternary nitrogen salts. In the crystal structure the sodium ions and water molecules of adjacent unit cells form a positively charged "inorganic layer" with the sodium ions clustered together along the ab faces with the organic (negative) part in between. This puzzling crystal packing is due to a strong favorable interaction between the water molecule and the sodium ions and a substantial charge transfer from the carbanions that balances out the destabilizing sodium-sodium ion repulsion. Although the majority of cohesion energy of the crystal structure comes from the electrostatic interactions of ions, the resulting net stabilization also depends heavily on the nonadditive delocalization components, due to a counterbalance between the two-body delocalization and exchange effects. The estimated nonadditivity of interactions varies between 12% and 22%.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Gora
authors.forename: W Andrzej
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Sokalski
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leszczynski
authors.forename: Virginia B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Pett