Influence of S(+)-ketamine analgesia in renal intraoperative ischemia: histological study in rats.
OBJECTIVE
To study in rats the effect of S(+) ketamine on the renal histology after intraoperative hemorrhage.


METHODS
Twenty male Wistar rats, anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, were randomly divided in 2 groups: G1 - control (n=l0) and G2 - S(+)-ketamine (n=10), both submitted to arterial hemorrhage of 30% of volemia in 3 moments (10% each 10 min) 60 min after anesthesia. G2 received S(+)-ketamine, 15 mg. kg-1, i.m., 5 min after anesthesia and 55 min before the 1st hemorrhage moment (Ml). Medium arterial pressure (MAP), rectal temperature (T) and heart rate were monitored. The animals were sacrificed in M4, 30 min after the 3rd hemorrhage moment (M3) and the kidneys and blood collected from hemorrhage were utilized for histological study and hematocrit (Ht) determination.


RESULTS
There were significant reduction of MAP, T, and Ht. The histological study verified G1 = G2 for tubular dilation, congestion, and necrosis. The total score addition were significantly different and G2 > G 1.


CONCLUSIONS
Hemorrhage and hypotension determined changes in kidney histology. The rise in catecholamine blood concentration probably was the cause of S(+)-ketamine-induced higher score of histological changes.
Rusafa Neto
Eloy
E
Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Vianna
Pedro Thadeu Galvão
PT
Viero
Rosa Marlene
RM
Módolo
Norma Sueli Pinheiro
NS
Ganem
Eliana Marisa
EM
Braz
Reinaldo Cerqueira
RC
Castiglia
Yara Marcondes Machado
YM
D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia / Q000494:pharmacology; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007022:Hypotension / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020896:Hypovolemia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007649:Ketamine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010424:Pentobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D007649:Ketamine; D010424:Pentobarbital