title: A single mutation at Tyr143 of human S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase renders the enzyme thermosensitive and affects the oxidation state of bound cofactor nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide.
abstract: Recently, we have described the first human case of AdoHcyase (S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase) deficiency. Two point mutations in the AdoHcyase gene, the missense mutation p.Y143C (AdoHcyase in which Tyr143 is replaced by cysteine) and the truncation mutation p.W112stop (AdoHcyase in which Trp112 is replaced by opal stop codon) were identified [Barić, Fumić, Glenn, Cuk, Schulze, Finkelstein, James, Mejaski-Bosnjak, Pazanin, Pogribny et al. (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101, 4234-4239]. To elucidate the molecular and catalytic properties of AdoHcyase, we have made recombinant wild-type and mutant p.Y143C (AdoHcyase in which Tyr143 is replaced by cysteine) enzymes for a comparative analysis. The catalytic rates of p.Y143C protein in the directions of S-adenosylhomocysteine synthesis or hydrolysis are decreased from 65% to 75%. Further, the oxidation states of coenzyme NAD differ between mutant and wild-type protein, with an increased NADH accumulation in the mutant p.Y143C enzyme of 88% NADH (wild-type contains 18% NADH). Quantitative binding of NAD is not affected. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed, that mutant p.Y143C subunits are able to form the tetrameric complex as is the wild-type enzyme. CD analysis showed that the p.Y143C mutation renders the recombinant protein thermosensitive, with an unfolding temperature significantly reduced by 7 degrees C compared with wild-type protein. Change of Glu115 to lysine in wild-type protein causes a change in thermosensitivity almost identical with that found in the p.Y143C enzyme, indicating that the thermosensitivity is due to a missing hydrogen bond between Tyr143 and Glu115. We emphasize involvement of this particular hydrogen bond for subunit folding and/or holoenyzme stability. In summary, a single mutation in the AdoHcyase affecting both the oxidation state of bound co-factor NAD and enzyme stability is present in a human with AdoHcyase deficiency.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Institute Ruder Bosković, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beluzić
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cuk
authors.forename: Tea
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pavkov
authors.forename: Ksenija
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fumić
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Barić
authors.forename: S Harvey
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mudd
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jurak
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vugrek
mesh_terms: D043383:Adenosylhomocysteinase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D002384:Catalysis; D003545:Cysteine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004229:Dithiothreitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009154:Mutation; D009243:NAD / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D017510:Protein Folding; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019163:Reducing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019163:Reducing Agents; D009243:NAD; D014443:Tyrosine; D043383:Adenosylhomocysteinase; D003545:Cysteine; D004229:Dithiothreitol