title: The mutation spectra of chlorinated drinking water samples using the base-specific TA7000 strains of Salmonella in the microsuspension assay.
abstract: Mutation spectra analysis can provide important information about the types of genotoxic compounds that can be present in environmental samples. In this study, we used the TA7000 base-specific Salmonella typhimurium tester strains to characterize water samples from two drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) in São Paulo, Brazil. Because of the small sample sizes of these environmental samples, the use of the microsuspension protocol was necessary. Acidic extracts of drinking water samples from the two DWTPs gave similar responses in the TA7000 strains and caused primarily CG to AT transversions. It is likely that halogenated disinfection by-products, generated during the chlorination of water, are causing the response seen with the TA7000 strains.
authors.affiliation: CETESB, Cia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental, Av. Prof. Frederico Hermann Jr, 345, 05459-900 São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gisela de Aragão
authors.initials: Gde A
authors.lastname: Umbuzeiro
authors.forename: Sarah H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: Larry D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Claxton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D002713:Chlorine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005838:Genotype; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000633:toxicity; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D002713:Chlorine