title: Quantitative analysis of osteoclast-specific gene markers stimulated by lipopolysaccharide.
abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the outer layers of Gram-negative bacteria plays an important role in initiating and sustaining periapical lesions. To understand the mechanisms of osteoclastic bone resorption in periapical lesions induced by LPS, we stimulated osteoclast precursors, RAW 264.7 cells with LPS. LPS stimulated osteoclastogenesis when osteoclast precursors were primed with activator for NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) as little as 24 h. By employing real-time PCR analysis, we have confirmed that osteoclast-like cells stimulated by LPS express high level of osteoclast-specific gene markers such as TRAP, cathepsin K, and calcitonin receptor. These results suggest that bone-resportive action by LPS is partially independent of RANKL.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endodontology, School of Dental Medicine, The University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-1715, USA. jinjiang@uchu.edu
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Haitao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Farshid S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Fahid
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Filbert
authors.forename: Kamran E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Safavi
authors.forename: Larz S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Spangberg
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056657:Cathepsin K; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D004357:Drug Synergism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D010483:Periapical Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin; C505687:Tnfrsf11a protein, mouse; C505689:Tnfsf11 protein, mouse; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; C000605511:Acp5 protein, mouse; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D002403:Cathepsins; D056657:Cathepsin K; C534132:Ctsk protein, mouse