title: Antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of Annona squamosa extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study is to analyse the antioxidant effect of oral administration of aqueous extract of Annona squamosa (A. squamosa) leaf on blood glucose, haemoglobin, glycosylated haemoglobin, plasma insulin, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Aqueous extract of A. squamosa on blood glucose, haemoglobin, glycosylated haemoglobin, plasma insulin, serum lipid and the levels of lipid peroxides and antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione, were examined in the liver and kidney tissues of control and experimental groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oral administration of A. squamosa aqueous extract to diabetic rats for 30 days significantly reduced the levels of blood glucose, lipids and lipid peroxidation, but increased the activities of plasma insulin and antioxidant enzymes, like catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The A. squamosa aqueous extract supplementation is useful in controlling the blood glucose level, improves the plasma insulin, lipid metabolism and is beneficial in preventing diabetic complications from lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems in experimental diabetic rats; therefore, it could be useful for prevention or early treatment of diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India. kaleem_biochem@yahoo.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaleem
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asif
authors.forename: Q U
authors.initials: QU
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031041:Annona; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000187:drug effects; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013311:Streptozocin