title: Mode choice model for vulnerable motorcyclists in Malaysia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In developing countries, motorcycle use has grown in popularity in the past decades. Commensurate with this growth is the increase in death and casualties among motorcyclists in these countries. One of the strategic programs to minimize this problem is to reduce motorcyclists exposure by shifting them into safer modes of transport. This study aims to explore the differences in the characteristics of bus and motorcycle users. It identifies the factors contributing to their choice of transport mode and estimates the probability that motorcyclists might change their travel mode to a safer alternative; namely, bus travel.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this article, a survey of 535 motorcycle and bus users was conducted in seven districts of Selangor state, Malaysia. A binary logit model was developed for the two alternative modes, bus and motorcycle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that travel time, travel cost, gender, age, and income level are significant in influencing motorcyclists' mode choice behavior. The probability of motorcycle riders shifting to public transport was also examined based on a scenario of a reduction in bus travel time and travel cost.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reduction of total travel time for the bus mode emerges as the most important element in a program aimed at attracting motorcyclists towards public transport and away from the motorcycle mode.
authors.affiliation: Road Safety Research Center, Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Ibrahim Sheikh
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Radin Umar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Habshah
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kassim
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.forename: Hariza
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahmed
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D016015:Logistic Models; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D009049:Motorcycles; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014186:Transportation; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*