title: JPEG2000 compression of thin-section CT images of the lung: effect of compression ratio on image quality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess retrospectively the effect of the Joint Photographic Experts Group 2000 (JPEG2000) compression ratio on the quality of thin-section computed tomographic (CT) images.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this institutional review board-approved investigation (protocol 238/2004), thin-section CT images were subjected to irreversible JPEG2000 compression by using five compression ratios (3:1, 5:1, 7:1, 9:1, and 11:1). Three radiologists independently evaluated 60 thin-section CT images, of various diseases, that were obtained with single-detector (weighted dose index, 14.4 mGy) and multidetector (weighted dose index, 9.8 mGy) CT. Toggling between the original and compressed images, readers had to identify the original image by using a forced-choice two-alternative model and to subjectively rank the quality of what they believed to be the compressed image. To assess the reader's ability to distinguish the compressed from the original image, a binomial test was used. Bonferroni correction was applied for all multiple tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Images compressed with a ratio of 3:1 were not distinguishable from original images (P > .2 for all readers). With use of the 5:1 ratio, minor differences in appearance between the compressed and original images were seen by one of the three readers. With use of higher compression ratios (>/=7:1), all readers (P < .001) recognized the original image. The quality of more than 90% of the images compressed with a 7:1 or higher ratio was substantially degraded. Single-detector and multidetector CT results were not significantly different.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The highest ratio that yielded visually lossless compression of thin-section CT images was 3:1. With the 5:1 ratio, there was minor image quality loss, while use of higher compression ratios (>/=7:1) caused substantial degradation of image quality and potential loss of diagnostic information.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospital Vienna, AKH Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria. helmut.ringl@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ringl
authors.forename: Ruediger E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Schernthaner
authors.forename: Alexander A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Bankier
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prokop
authors.forename: Christian J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Herold
authors.forename: Cornelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schaefer-Prokop
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044962:Data Compression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*