title: Efficacy of therapeutic angiogenesis by intramyocardial injection of pCK-VEGF165 in pigs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intramyocardial injection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plasmid DNA was studied to demonstrate improvement of regional myocardial function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one pigs that had undergone ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery were randomly allocated to one of two treatments: intramyocardial injection of pCK-VEGF165 (VEGF group) or pCK-Null (control group) into the ischemic border zone. Electrocardiogram-gated single-photon emission computed tomography was performed 30 and 60 days after the coronary ligation. Segmental variables of perfusion and function were automatically quantified using a 20-segment model. In the segmental analysis, 119 segments were selected for analysis (71 segments in the VEGF group; 48 segments in the control group). Histologic analysis was also performed in the myocardial tissue of the ischemic border zone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At day 30, there were no significant differences in segmental perfusion, wall thickening, and wall motion between the two groups. In the VEGF group, all variables of perfusion, wall thickening, and wall motion were significantly improved at day 60 compared with those at day 30 (p < 0.05), while there were no differences in the control group. At day 60, perfusion (p = 0.018), wall motion (p = 0.004), and wall thickening (p = 0.068) of the VEGF group were improved compared with those of the control group. Histologic analysis showed that microcapillary density was significantly higher in the VEGF group than the control group (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intramyocardial injection of pCK-VEGF165 significantly augmented neoangiogenesis in the ischemic area and improved regional myocardial function as well as myocardial perfusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Dongguk University International Hospital, Koyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Ki-Bong
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Woong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Dong Sik
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Sik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jong Jin
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dong Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004452:Echocardiography; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000628:therapy*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D010957:Plasmids; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013552:Swine; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A