title: Simplified cyclic analogues of bastadin-5. Structure-activity relationships for modulation of the RyR1/FKBP12 Ca2+ channel complex.
abstract: Bastadin-5, a brominated macro-dilactam from the marine sponge Ianthella basta, enhances release of Ca2+ from stores within the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of muscle and nonmuscle cells by modulating RyR1/FKBP12 complex. Analogues of bastadin-5 present desirable targets for SAR studies to shed light on the gating mechanism and locus of bastadin-5 binding on these heteromeric channels that mediate essential steps in early coupling of membrane excitation to Ca2+ signaling cascades. Simple, ring-constrained analogues of bastadin-5 were synthesized from substituted benzaldehydes in a convergent manner, featuring an efficient S(N)Ar macroetherification, and evaluated in an assay that measures [3H]-ryanodine that is known to correlate with the functional open state of the Ca2+ channel. The simplified 14-membered ring, atropisomeric analogue (+/-)-7, like bastadin-5, enhanced ryanodine binding to the RyR1/FKBP12 complex (EC50 11 microM), however, unexpectedly, the corresponding achiral 18-membered ring analogue 14 potently inhibited binding (IC50 6 microM) under the same conditions. Structure-activity relationships of both families of cyclic analogues showed activity in a ryanodine binding assay that varied with substitutions of the Br atom on the trisubstituted aryl ring by various functional groups. The most active analogues were those that conserved the dibromocatechol ether moiety that corresponds to the 'western edge' of the bastadin-5 structure. These data suggest that cyclic analogues of bastadin-5 interact with the channel complex in a complex manner that can either enhance or inhibit channel activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Makoto N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Masuno
authors.forename: Isaac N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Pessah
authors.forename: Marilyn M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Olmstead
authors.forename: Tadeusz F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Molinski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015640:Ion Channel Gating; D010647:Phenyl Ethers / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D019920:Photoaffinity Labels / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000378:metabolism; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D022061:Tacrolimus Binding Protein 1A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D010647:Phenyl Ethers; D019920:Photoaffinity Labels; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D012433:Ryanodine; C105188:bastadin 5; D022061:Tacrolimus Binding Protein 1A