title: Clonal nature of sclerosing polycystic adenosis of salivary glands demonstrated by using the polymorphism of the human androgen receptor (HUMARA) locus as a marker.
abstract: Sclerosing polycystic adenosis (SPA) is a recently described, rare lesion of the salivary glands that bears a resemblance to epithelial proliferative lesions of the breast. The true nature of the lesion is unknown, but up to now it has been generally believed to represent a pseudoneoplastic sclerosing and inflammatory process. However, local recurrence developed in about one-third of the cases. Superimposed dysplastic changes ranging from low-grade dysplasia to carcinoma in situ were described in SPA. Although no metastases-related and/or disease-related patient deaths were documented, these clinical and histopathologic features raise the possibility that SPA might represent a neoplastic lesion. Polymorphism of the human androgen receptor locus is most frequently used to assess whether the pattern of X-chromosome inactivation is random or nonrandom, the latter strongly indicating clonality. In this study, the assay was applied to tissue from 12 examples of SPA. Three cases (males) were noninformative and 3 cases (females) could not be analyzed owing to poor quality of DNA, but all the remaining 6 lesions satisfied the criteria for monoclonality. We therefore conclude that the findings in the present study are further supporting evidence that SPA is a neoplasm, and not just a reactive process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Plzen, Czech Republic. skalova@fnplzen.cz
authors.forename: Alena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skálová
authors.forename: Douglas R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Gnepp
authors.forename: Roderick H W
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: Jean E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.forename: Radek
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sima
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vanecek
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Di Palma
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Michal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D002999:Clone Cells; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics*; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D012598:Sclerosis; D049951:X Chromosome Inactivation
chemical_list: C410798:AR protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011944:Receptors, Androgen