Cystatin C as a reliable marker of renal function following heart valve replacement surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
BACKGROUND
Little is known about serum cystatin C as a marker of renal function in cardiac surgery patients. The aim of this study was to assess its utility post cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).


METHODS
60 heart valve replacement patients were enrolled, and 26 of them had low-dose corticosteroid treatment on the first 3 days postoperatively. Serum creatinine, serum cystatin C and 24-h creatinine clearance rate (CCR) adjusted by body surface area were determined preoperation, days 1, 2, 3, 7 post operation.


RESULTS
Serum creatinine increased and peaked at day 3 postoperatively, while cystatin C peaked at day 2, and the adjusted CCR also reached a minimum at day 2. The inverse of cystatin C correlated better with CCR than that of creatinine (r=0.751 vs. 0.629). Using adjusted CCR as "golden standard", cystatin C was superior to creatinine in diagnosing renal dysfunction (area under the curve [AUC] for cystatin C 0.876, 95% confidence interval 81.8-93.4; AUC for creatinine 0.801, 95% confidence interval 72.5-87.7; p=0.045). Low-dose corticosteroid treatment has no significant effect on cystatin C.


CONCLUSIONS
In agreement with many other investigators, the present findings support cystatin C is a reliable marker of renal function. It is superior to creatinine in patients post CPB.
Zhu
Jiaquan
J
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China. doctor_zhujq@yahoo.com.cn
Yin
Rong
R
Wu
Haiwei
H
Yi
Jun
J
Luo
Liguo
L
Dong
Guohua
G
Jing
Hua
H
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D015415:Biomarkers; C525030:CST3 protein, human; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins