title: Antianginal efficacy of ranolazine when added to treatment with amlodipine: the ERICA (Efficacy of Ranolazine in Chronic Angina) trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine if ranolazine improves angina in stable coronary patients with persisting symptoms despite maximum recommended dose of amlodipine.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Ranolazine is a unique antianginal agent that has been effective in stable angina, but it has not been studied in the setting of maximum recommended doses of conventional antianginal agents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stable patients with coronary disease and > or =3 anginal attacks per week despite maximum recommended dosage of amlodipine (10 mg/day) were randomized to 1,000 mg ranolazine or placebo twice a day for 6 weeks. Primary end point was the frequency of angina episodes per week during the double-blind treatment phase. Efficacy was also assessed by nitroglycerin consumption per week and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ). Adjustment for multiple testing of secondary end points used a hierarchic closed testing procedure. Efficacy was assessed in subgroups based on baseline angina frequency, concomitant long-acting nitrate use, gender, and age. Safety was assessed by adverse events and electrocardiogram evaluations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 565 patients were randomized: 281 patients to ranolazine and 284 patients to placebo. Baseline characteristics were similar between treatment groups. At baseline, angina frequency averaged 5.63 +/- 0.18 episodes/week, and nitroglycerin consumption averaged 4.72 +/- 0.21 tablets/week. Compared with placebo, ranolazine significantly reduced frequency of angina episodes (2.88 +/- 0.19 on ranolazine vs. 3.31 +/- 0.22 on placebo; p = 0.028) and nitroglycerin consumption (2.03 +/- 0.20 on ranolazine vs. 2.68 +/- 0.22; p = 0.014), with treatment effect that appeared consistent across subgroups. The median angina weekly episode rate at baseline was 4.5 per week. Subgroup analysis showed statistically significant reductions of angina frequency, nitroglycerin use, and SAQ angina frequency for patients with a baseline frequency >4.5 per week but only of angina frequency for those with baseline frequency < or =4.5 per week. Patients with more frequent angina appeared to have a more pronounced treatment effect. No hemodynamic changes were observed. Ranolazine was well tolerated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ranolazine significantly reduced frequency of angina and nitroglycerin consumption compared with placebo and was well tolerated. (The ERICA [Efficacy of Ranolazine In Chronic Angina] Trial; http://clinicaltrials.gov; NCT00091429).
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. pstone@partners.org
authors.forename: Peter H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Nikolay A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Gratsiansky
authors.forename: Alexey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blokhin
authors.forename: I-Zu
authors.initials: IZ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meng
mesh_terms: D000083:Acetanilides; D000368:Aged; D017311:Amlodipine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069458:Ranolazine; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000083:Acetanilides; D010879:Piperazines; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D017311:Amlodipine; D000069458:Ranolazine; D005996:Nitroglycerin