title: Does off-pump coronary revascularization reduce the release of the cerebral markers, S-100beta and NSE?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to (1) compare the release of S-100 beta and NSE in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) versus on-pump surgery; (2) investigate whether the S-100 beta and NSE serum concentrations correlate with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) duration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 2002 and May 2004, 42 patients undergoing first time CABG surgery were enrolled in the study. The exclusion criteria were: LVEF<35%, age>70 years, previous myocardial infarction, REDO surgery, the presence of valvular heart disease and/or cerebrovascular disease, abnormal preoperative carotid vessels angiography, coronary artery disease involving the distal circumflex artery, renal dysfunction, coagulopathy. The patients were randomly assigned either to undergo on-pump CABG surgery [group I, n=24 patients] or off-pump CABG [group II, n=18 patients]. Blood was not re-transfused from the cardiotomy suction. All patients presenting haemolysis were excluded from the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The preoperative S-100beta was 0.13+/-0.08 (microg/l) and NSE 7+/-1.5 (microg/l) in group I and 0.12+/-0.1 (microg/l) and 6.9+/-2.7 (microg/l), respectively in group II. Six hours after the surgery, S-100beta in patients of group I reached a maximum level of 1.38+/-0.4 (microg/l) and NSE of 17.7+/-6.5 (microg/l) compared to 0.5+/-0.11 (microg/l) [S-100B] and NSE 8.6+/-4.2 (microg/l) in group II (p=0.001). Three (12%) patients in group I and none (0%) in group II suffered postoperative delirium, p=0.247. No strokes occurred linear regression analysis revealed a strong correlation between cardiopulmonary bypass duration and S-100beta and NSE peak levels, p<0.0021 (r(2)=0.36) and p<0.0001 (r=0.81), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coronary artery bypass surgery with CPB causes a significantly greater increase in NSE and S-100beta serum levels than off-pump surgery and correlates with CPB duration.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Surgery Department, Policlinico Careggi, Firenze, Italy. mbonacchi@unifi.it <mbonacchi@unifi.it>
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonacchi
authors.forename: Edvin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Prifti
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maiani
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bartolozzi
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Eusanio
authors.forename: Marzia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leacche
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000097:blood*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase