title: Emotionally expressive coping reduces pregnancy rates in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of coping and of infertility-specific and nonspecific stress on pregnancy outcomes after IVF treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional design controlling for potential confounding variables. Psychosocial measures were assessed on the day of embryo transfer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fertility clinic in Greece.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred forty-two women.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  A clinically recognized pregnancy or a biochemical pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 342 women participating in the study, 79 became pregnant, representing a success rate of 23.3%. There were no statistically significant differences between women who became pregnant and those who did not in terms of duration of infertility, causes of infertility, previous IVF cycles, and infertility-specific or nonspecific stress. The only factor that was significantly associated with pregnancy outcome was emotionally expressive coping (adjusted odds ratio, 1.272; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.52). Women who coped by expressing their emotions were less likely to get pregnant than were women who did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The link between psychological processes and reproductive outcomes of IVF treatment is less likely to be identified through the assessment of stress but rather is likely to be identified through the assessment of the strategies that people use to deal with stress. Emotionally expressive coping may be a risk factor for reduced pregnancy rates in women undergoing IVF.
authors.affiliation: Medical School Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. efharis@the.forthnet.gr
authors.forename: Efharis
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Panagopoulou
authors.forename: Kavita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vedhara
authors.forename: Chryssoula
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaintarzti
authors.forename: Basil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tarlatzis
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019260:Expressed Emotion; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology