title: Biosecurity implications of the synthesis of pathogenic viruses.
abstract: Recent peer-reviewed reports of in vitro syntheses of small viruses raise the possibility of misapplying modern biotechnologies to the creation of new smallpox virus, not simply to the malicious manipulation of existing samples. While it would require great effort and significant financing, a smallpox-from-scratch project would seem likely to be feasible, as would some other pathogen-from-scratch projects. Efforts to prevent such work -- or, failing prevention, to detect it -- might be enhanced in a number of ways.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Engineering and the Security Studies Program, Room 3-252, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. rabodzey@armscontrol.ru.
authors.forename: Aleksandr
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rabodzey