TLR gateways to CD1 function.
CD1-restricted T cells can be activated by diverse lipids derived from mammals, bacteria and protozoa. Certain lipids function as antigens, which bind to CD1 proteins and contact T cell antigen receptors. Other lipids activate CD1-restricted T cells by functioning as adjuvants. By stimulating Toll-like receptors on antigen-presenting cells, these adjuvants alter cytokine secretion, lipid antigen synthesis and CD1 protein translation. Delineation of the separate mechanisms by which adjuvants and antigens activate CD1-restricted T cells is leading to new hypotheses about the functions of individual CD1 proteins during the transition from innate to acquired immune responses.
Moody
D Branch
DB
Division of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. bmoody@rics.bwh.harvard.edu
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology*; D000941:Antigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D018949:Antigens, CD1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology*
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000941:Antigens; D018949:Antigens, CD1; D008055:Lipids; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors