title: Genetic polymorphisms and weight loss in obesity: a randomised trial of hypo-energetic high- versus low-fat diets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study if genes with common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with obesity-related phenotypes influence weight loss (WL) in obese individuals treated by a hypo-energetic low-fat or high-fat diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised, parallel, two-arm, open-label multi-centre trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight clinical centres in seven European countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  771 obese adult individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  10-wk dietary intervention to hypo-energetic (-600 kcal/d) diets with a targeted fat energy of 20%-25% or 40%-45%, completed in 648 participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  WL during the 10 wk in relation to genotypes of 42 SNPs in 26 candidate genes, probably associated with hypothalamic regulation of appetite, efficiency of energy expenditure, regulation of adipocyte differentiation and function, lipid and glucose metabolism, or production of adipocytokines, determined in 642 participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the noncarriers of each of the SNPs, and after adjusting for gender, age, baseline weight and centre, heterozygotes showed WL differences that ranged from -0.6 to 0.8 kg, and homozygotes, from -0.7 to 3.1 kg. Genotype-dependent additional WL on low-fat diet ranged from 1.9 to -1.6 kg in heterozygotes, and from 3.8 kg to -2.1 kg in homozygotes relative to the noncarriers. Considering the multiple testing conducted, none of the associations was statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polymorphisms in a panel of obesity-related candidate genes play a minor role, if any, in modulating weight changes induced by a moderate hypo-energetic low-fat or high-fat diet.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Preventive Medicine, Danish Epidemiology Science Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. tias@ipm.hosp.dk
authors.forename: Thorkild I A
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boutin
authors.forename: Moira A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Lesli H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Verdich
authors.forename: Liselotte
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Holst
authors.forename: Søren M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Echwald
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dina
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toubro
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Polak
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Clément
authors.forename: J Alfredo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Langin
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Oppert
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stich
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Macdonald
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arner
authors.forename: Wim H M
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Saris
authors.forename: Oluf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Astrup
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Froguel