Incidence, impact on the family and cost of gastroenteritis among 4 to 6-year-old children in South Australia.
BACKGROUND
Gastroenteritis is an important cause of morbidity in both adults and children worldwide. Although the burden of morbidity and mortality is highest in developing countries, gastroenteritis is still a significant cause of morbidity in Australia, particularly in young children. The aims of the present study were to determine the incidence of gastroenteritis among 4-6-year-old children in South Australia, to describe the impact on daily activities of the child and caregiver and estimate the cost of gastroenteritis in this population.


METHODS
A diary study of drinking water consumption and gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms was undertaken among 965 rural children in South Australia over a 6-week period during February-May 1999. Data on the response to gastrointestinal episodes were collected by telephone surveys midway and at the end of the 6-week period. Costing was based on the methods of Hellard et al.


RESULTS
The incidence of community gastroenteritis among 4-6-year-old children was 5.53 episodes per child-year (95% confidence interval: 4.87-5.80). The costs associated with childhood gastroenteritis were estimated to be between 16,858,360 AU dollars and 22,477,814 AU dollars per annum.


CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of community gastroenteritis among the 4-6-year-olds in the South Australian population is high and it costs the community a significant amount of money in terms of direct medical costs and time lost by parents and carers looking after their ill children.
Heyworth
Jane S
JS
School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia. jane.heyworth@uwa.edu.au
Jardine
Andrew
A
Glonek
Gary
G
Maynard
Edward J
EJ
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D013021:South Australia / Q000453:epidemiology