Molecular organization of the presynaptic active zone.
The exocytosis of neurotransmitter-filled synaptic vesicles is under tight temporal and spatial control in presynaptic nerve terminals. The fusion of synaptic vesicles is restricted to a specialized area of the presynaptic plasma membrane: the active zone. The protein network that constitutes the cytomatrix at the active zone (CAZ) is involved in the organization of docking and priming of synaptic vesicles and in mediating use-dependent changes in release during short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity. To date, five protein families whose members are highly enriched at active zones (Munc13s, RIMs, ELKS proteins, Piccolo and Bassoon, and the liprins-alpha), have been characterized. These multidomain proteins are instrumental for the diverse functions performed by the presynaptic active zone.
Schoch
Susanne
S
Emmy Noether Research Group, Institute of Neuropathology and Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Sigmund Freud Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany. susanne.schoch@uni-bonn.de
Gundelfinger
Eckart D
ED
D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000378:metabolism*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology*; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents