title: Aberrant promoter hypermethylation in biliary tract carcinoma.
abstract: Biliary tract carcinoma is a relatively rare tumor with a poor survival rate. The molecular biological mechanisms underlying the development of biliary tract carcinomas are not well understood. Promoter methylation is an important epigenetic mechanism for suppressing tumor-suppressor gene activity. There is limited information regarding the abnormal methylation of cancer-related genes in biliary tract carcinoma; however, a few insights have been obtained into the role of epigenetic silencing in the progression of biliary tract carcinoma. In this review, we summarize recent data on gene silencing by promoter hypermethylation, and we discuss the implications for biliary tract carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Naohiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kohya
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitajima
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D001661:Biliary Tract Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D050677:Core Binding Factor Alpha 3 Subunit / Q000235:genetics; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes; D018450:Disease Progression; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / Q000235:genetics; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D050677:Core Binding Factor Alpha 3 Subunit; C411762:RASSF1 protein, human; C493729:Runx3 protein, human; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases; C515491:MGMT protein, human; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes