title: DOTS at a tertiary care center in northern India: successes, challenges and the next steps in tuberculosis control.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The past decade has seen a rapid expansion of directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS) centers throughout India, under the guidance of the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP). While expansion has been rapid and extensive, few reports exist detailing individual DOTS centers' experiences, their challenges, and their successes. We present a brief report on the status of a DOTS center being run at a large tertiary care center in northern India for almost four years (2001-2005).
  
  
  METHODS
  The DOTS center followed RNTCP guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of suspected TB cases. A register carrying detailed information of all patients seen at the DOTS center was kept by the senior clinician. Data from this register were extracted and analyzed for descriptive measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1490 patients were evaluated. Of the 768 patients with cough, 27 per cent (211) were found to be sputum positive for acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Among patients who were initiated on anti-tuberculosis medications, cure was achieved in 92 per cent (71 of 77) of new sputum smear positive patients; treatment completion was achieved in 91 per cent (91 of 100) of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) and 75 per cent (46 of 61) of sputum-negative pulmonary TB patients. Overall treatment success was achieved in 86 per cent (229 of 266).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment results were in keeping with the RNTCP guidelines. Tertiary care centers appear to be excellent place for education of medical students and operational research. The latter is much needed, as HIV-TB co-infection, multi-drug resistant TB, and EPTB continue to be major public health threats even in the era of DOTS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tahir
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Duncan-Smith
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Rohrberg
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: U B
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Sinha
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D023801:Directly Observed Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009313:National Health Programs; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents