[Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the area of the Hospital de Sagunto from 1999 to 2004].
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to know the drug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, specifically primary drug resistance to isoniazid, in the area of the Hospital de Sagunto and to study the clinical characteristics and the risk factors associated with them.


METHODS
Patients included were those who were diagnosed of tuberculosis and whose M. tuberculosis strains were isolated in culture of a clinical sample and in whom a susceptibility test against the first line anti-tuberculosis drugs was performed from January 1999 to December 2004. Risk factors and clinical characteristics of the patients were gathered from the case- history.


RESULTS
The total number of strains isolated was 77 and the global rate of resistance was 14.1%. Rate of primary drug resistance was 12.1%, and acquired 27%. No multidrug resistant case was detected. Primary drug resistance was 3% to isoniazid, 3% to rifampin, 3% to pyrazinamid, 4.5% to ethambutol and 3% to streptomycin. Acquired drug resistance was 9.1% against isoniazid and 27% against streptomicin, no resistance against the other drugs tested being found.


CONCLUSIONS
The low level of primary drug resistance against isoniazid allows us to start treatment with three-drug regimes in new cases of native population. In our hospital area, the risk factors associated with drug resistances were smoking habit and alcoholism. Although all patients with drug resistance presented pulmonary disease, the differences were not statistically significant. However, the higher rate of pleural effusion in patients with drug resistance was statistically significant.
Aragó Galindo
M
M
Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sagunto, Puerto de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain. miriamarag@hotmail.com
Belda Mira
A
A
Albert Contell
A
A
Serra Sanchís
B
B
Amorós Quiles
I
I
Prat Fornells
J
J
Escoms Trullenque
R
R
González
C
C
D000328:Adult; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002391:Catchment Area, Health; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006786:Hospitals, Urban; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis; D015995:Prevalence; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular