title: Effects of coffee and caffeine on bladder dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the effects and mechanisms of caffeine and coffee on bladder dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: control, diabetes mellitus (DM), DM with coffee treatment, and DM with caffeine treatment. The diabetic rat was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). After 7 weeks of treatment with coffee and caffeine, cystometrogram, contractile responses to electrical field stimulation (EFS) and acetylcholine (ACh), and cyclic AMP (cAMP) concentration of the bladder body and base were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bladder weight, volume threshold for micturition and post-void residual volume (PVR) in the diabetic rats were significantly higher compared to those in the control animals. Coffee or caffeine treatment significantly reduced the bladder weight, bladder capacity and PVR in the diabetic rats. DM caused significant decreases in cAMP concentration of the bladder and coffee and caffeine caused upregulation of cAMP content in the diabetic bladder. In addition, coffee and caffeine tended to normalize the altered detrusor contractile responses to EFS and ACh in the diabetic rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that caffeine and coffee may have beneficial effects on bladder dysfunction in the early stage of diabetes by increasing cAMP content in the lower urinary tract, recovering the micturition reflex and improving the detrusor contractility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China. cryi7667@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Chao-Ran
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Zhong-Qing
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Xiang-Lei
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Ze-Yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xing-Rong
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Cheng-Gong
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003069:Coffee; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D003069:Coffee; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D002110:Caffeine; D000242:Cyclic AMP