Disparities in lung cancer: focus on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, American Indians and Alaska Natives, and Hispanics and Latinos.
Significant population changes in the United States are expected over the next few decades. The changing demographics inclusive of native and newly native individuals will significantly impact health care because racial and ethnic groups vary widely in their risks for disease and approach to medical care. For lung cancer specifically, racial and ethnic groups differ in smoking habits, metabolism of nicotine, presentation, stage at diagnosis, treatment received, and outcomes. This article summarizes current information on lung cancer for American and Pacific Islanders, American Indians and Alaska natives,and Hispanics and Latinos with an emphasis on tobacco use, epidemiologic issues sur-rounding acculturation and assimilation, genetic epidemiology, and disparities in treatment outcomes.
Willsie
Sandra K
SK
Department of Medicine, Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, 1750 Independence Avenue, Kansas City, MO 64106, USA. swillsie@kcumb.edu
Foreman
Marilyn G
MG
D001213:Asian / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000235:genetics; D004930:Inuit / Q000235:genetics; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D044468:Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander / Q000235:genetics; D044469:Racial Groups; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology