title: Serglycin constitutively secreted by myeloma plasma cells is a potent inhibitor of bone mineralization in vitro.
abstract: Although the biological significance of proteoglycans (PGs) has previously been highlighted in multiple myeloma (MM), little is known about serglycin, which is a hematopoietic cell granule PG. In this study, we describe the expression and highly constitutive secretion of serglycin in several MM cell lines. Serglycin messenger RNA was detected in six MM cell lines. PGs were purified from conditioned medium of four MM cell lines, and serglycin substituted with 4-sulfated chondroitin sulfate was identified as the predominant PG. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy showed that serglycin was also present intracellularly and on the cell surface, and attachment to the cell surface was at least in part dependent on intact glycosaminoglycan side chains. Immunohistochemical staining of bone marrow biopsies showed the presence of serglycin both in benign and malignant plasma cells. Immunoblotting in bone marrow aspirates from a limited number of patients with newly diagnosed MM revealed highly increased levels of serglycin in 30% of the cases. Serglycin isolated from myeloma plasma cells was found to influence the bone mineralization process through inhibition of the crystal growth rate of hydroxyapatite. This rate reduction was attributed to adsorption and further blocking of the active growth sites on the crystal surface. The apparent order of the crystallization reaction was found to be n=2, suggesting a surface diffusion-controlled spiral growth mechanism. Our findings suggest that serglycin release is a constitutive process, which may be of fundamental biological importance in the study of MM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, F-46 Huddinge University Hospital, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden. atheoch@upatras.gr
authors.forename: Achilleas D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Theocharis
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Seidel
authors.forename: Magne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borset
authors.forename: Katalin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dobra
authors.forename: Vadim
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baykov
authors.forename: Vassiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Labropoulou
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kanakis
authors.forename: Evangelos
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dalas
authors.forename: Nikos K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Karamanos
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sundan
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hjerpe
mesh_terms: D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011509:Proteoglycans; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; C075430:serglycin; D017886:Durapatite