title: Evaluation of the residual antigenicity of dairy whey hydrolysates obtained by combination of enzymatic hydrolysis and high-pressure treatment.
abstract: Dairy whey was hydrolyzed for 15 min with five food-grade enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Corolase 7089, Corolase PN-L, and Papain) at atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa) and in combination with high pressure (HP) at 100, 200, and 300 MPa, applied prior to or during enzymatic digestion. The peptide profile of the hydrolysates obtained was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and their residual antigenicity was assessed by immuno-blotting with anti-beta-lactoglobulin monoclonal antibodies and the sera from pediatric patients allergic to cow's milk proteins. Moreover, to evaluate the presence of residual trace amounts of casein in bovine whey hydrolysates, immunoblotting with anti-cow's milk protein polyclonal antibodies was performed. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that HP treatment increased hydrolysis by the proteases assayed, especially when it was applied during the enzymatic digestion. Positive reactions at the band corresponding to beta-lactoglobulin were detected for Corolase PN-L and Corolase 7089 hydrolysates, except for those obtained under 300 MPa by the last protease. However, the immunochemical reaction was lower in the hydrolysis products obtained under HP than in those obtained at atmospheric pressure and after the HP treatment. On the contrary, no residual immunochemical reactivity associated with beta-lactoglobulin was observed in the hydrolysates obtained by Alcalase and Neutrase under HP, and none was observed in any of the hydrolysis products obtained by Papain. The presence of traces of casein was not significant. These results suggest that HP combined with selected food-grade proteases is a treatment that can remove the antigenicity of whey protein hydrolysates for their use as ingredients of hypoallergenic infant formulae.
authors.affiliation: Department of Science and Technology of Plant Food, Instituto del Frío, c/José Antonio Nováis 10, 28040-Madrid, España. elenape@if.csic.es
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Peñas
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Restani
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ballabio
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Préstamo
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fiocchi
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gomez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001274:Atmospheric Pressure; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000276:immunology; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007782:Lactoglobulins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D016269:Milk Hypersensitivity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000067816:Whey Proteins
chemical_list: D007106:Immune Sera; D007782:Lactoglobulins; D008894:Milk Proteins; D000067816:Whey Proteins; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases