title: Rapid simultaneous determination of ephedrines, amphetamines, cocaine, cocaine metabolites, and opiates in human urine by GC-MS.
abstract: This paper presents a simple and sensitive chromatographic procedure for the simultaneous determination and quantification of ephedrines, amphetamines, cocaine, cocaine metabolites, and opiates in human urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This method involves enzyme hydrolysis in the presence of a deuterated internal standard, liquid-liquid extraction, and derivatization with pentafluoropropionic anhydride and pentafluoropropanol. The recovery of each compound averaged at 65.8% or more. The limits of detection determined for each compound by using a 2-mL sample volume ranged from 5 to 50 ng/mL. The calibration curves were linear to 100 ng/mL for all compounds when determined using methamphetamine-d4 and MDMA-d5 as internal standards. This method was successfully applied for the analysis of urine samples suspected to contain intoxicants such as methamphetamine and heroin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan. saito@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mase
authors.forename: Sanae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takeichi
authors.forename: Sadaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inokuchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000662:Amphetamines / Q000652:urine*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000652:urine*; D001344:Autopsy; D002138:Calibration; D003042:Cocaine / Q000652:urine*; D062787:Drug Overdose; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D004809:Ephedrine / Q000652:urine*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D004809:Ephedrine; D003042:Cocaine