Acute smoking-induced alterations in Doppler echocardiographic measurements in chronic smokers.
Acute effects of smoking on left ventricular function have been studied previously. However, effects on right ventricular function have not yet been investigated. In this study, we attempted to investigate, through a combination of conventional and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), the acute effects of smoking on both left and right ventricular function in chronic smokers. Thirty chronic smokers (with smoking habits of > or =1 pack/day for 74 +/- 1.3 years) underwent a complete transthoracic echocardiographic examination (2-dimensional, pulsed-wave Doppler transmitral and transtricuspid recordings, and TDI recordings of mitral and tricuspid annular velocities) by 3.5-MHz sector transducer. Pulsed-wave Doppler indices of left and right ventricular diastolic function-such as mitral and tricuspid inflows, peak early (E) and late (A) velocities, and E/A ratios-were obtained by conventional Doppler and TDI. Echocardiographic indices of the left and right ventricles--including isovolumetric relaxation time, isovolumetric contraction time, ejection time, and myocardial performance index of right ventricle-were also measured before and 30 minutes after each subject smoked a cigarette. Both mitral and tricuspid inflow measurements changed significantly after smoking a cigarette. Among the TDI measurements, mitral lateral annulus and tricuspid lateral annulus (diastolic, but not systolic) velocities changed after smoking a cigarette. Also, the right ventricular myocardial performance index increased immediately after smoking a cigarette. We found that acute cigarette smoking impaired both left and right ventricular diastolic function in chronic smokers.
Karakaya
Osman
O
Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Heart Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. drkarakaya@yahoo.com
Barutcu
Irfan
I
Esen
Ali Metin
AM
Kaya
Dayimi
D
Turkmen
Muhsin
M
Melek
Mehmet
M
Onrat
Ersel
E
Esen
Ozlem Batukan
OB
Celik
Atac
A
Kilit
Celal
C
Saglam
Mustafa
M
Kirma
Cevat
C
D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D018619:Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000503:physiopathology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000209:etiology*; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000209:etiology*