title: Evidence synthesis and development of guidelines in interventional pain management.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The past decade has been marked by unprecedented interest in evidence-based medicine and various types of avenues that can provide valid and reliable information about healthcare, including clinical practice guidelines. Thus, healthcare decisions are purportedly and increasingly being made on research-based evidence rather than on expert opinion or clinical experience alone. The methods describing evidence synthesis or development of guidelines in interventional pain management are scarce.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the methods of evidence synthesis and development of guidelines in interventional pain management in practical terms.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review sought to provide an understanding of evidence-based medicine, the importance and synthesis of clinical practice guidelines, and the variety of issues related to rating the quality of individual articles, understanding narrative and systematic reviews, grading the strength of the body of evidence, searching for evidence, and finally, the analytical preparation of guidelines, with a focus on interventional pain management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evidence synthesis and development of guidelines in interventional pain management is a complex and difficult task. It is emphasized that practice guidelines are not intended as standards or absolute requirements. Consequently, practice guidelines may be adapted, modified, or rejected, according to the clinical needs and constraints of each practitioner and patient.
authors.affiliation: Medical Director, Pain Management Center of Paducah, 2831 Lone Oak Road, Paducah, Kentucky 42003, USA. drm@apex.net
authors.forename: Laxmaiah
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Manchikanti
authors.forename: Salahadin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdi
authors.forename: Linda F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Lucas