title: Assessment of a palatal approach-anterior superior alveolar (P-ASA) nerve block with the Wand in paediatric dental patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of the study were to compare the reaction of children while receiving local anaesthesia for anaesthetizing maxillary incisors with a computerized device Wand: a periodontal ligament injection (PDLi) and a palatal approach-anterior superior alveolar (P-ASA) nerve block compared with a conventional buccal infiltration (CBi), and to assess the efficacy of the anaesthesia and children's reaction after treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and thirty-eight children aged 24-48 months participated in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  More children reacted negatively during injection while receiving the CBi and positively during the injection with the Wand. After treatment, significantly more children scratched the upper lip and/or the nose or complained of numbness of the region after the CBi (P = 0.000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Same effectiveness was achieved with the Wand and the CBi. Children displayed better behaviour during injection when they received local anaesthesia with the WanD than they did when the CBi was used. They did not scratch the upper lip/nose and/or cried after treatment when they received the PDLi and the P-ASA, whereas they did when receiving a CBi.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Dentistry, The Hebrew University Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel. dianar@md.huji.ac.il
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ram
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kassirer
mesh_terms: D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008442:Maxillary Nerve; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D015588:Observer Variation; D010513:Periodontal Ligament; D010865:Pilot Projects