title: A deletion in the golgi alpha-mannosidase II gene of Caenorhabditis elegans results in unexpected non-wild-type N-glycan structures.
abstract: The processing of N-linked oligosaccharides by alpha-mannosidases in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi is a process conserved in plants and animals. After the transfer of a GlcNAc residue to Asn-bound Man(5)GlcNAc(2) by N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I, an alpha-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.114) removes one alpha1,3-linked and one alpha1,6-linked mannose residue. In this study, we have identified the relevant alpha-mannosidase II gene (aman-2; F58H1.1) from Caenorhabditis elegans and have detected its activity in both native and recombinant forms. For comparative studies, the two other cDNAs encoding class II mannosidases aman-1 (F55D10.1) and aman-3 (F48C1.1) were cloned; the corresponding enzymes are, respectively, a putative lysosomal alpha-mannosidase and a Co(II)-activated alpha-mannosidase. The analysis of the N-glycan structures of an aman-2 mutant strain demonstrates that the absence of alpha-mannosidase II activity results in a shift to structures not seen in wild-type worms (e.g. N-glycans with the composition Hex(5-7)HexNAc(2-3)Fuc(2)Me) and an accumulation of hybrid oligosaccharides. Paucimannosidic glycans are almost absent from aman-2 worms, indicative also of a general lack of alpha-mannosidase III activity. We hypothesize that there is a tremendous flexibility in the glycosylation pathway of C. elegans that does not impinge, under standard laboratory conditions, on the viability of worms with glycotypes very unlike the wild-type pattern.
authors.affiliation: Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur, A-1190 Wien, Austria.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Paschinger
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hackl
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gutternigg
authors.forename: Dorothea
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kretschmer-Lubich
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Stemmer
authors.forename: Verena
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jantsch
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lochnit
authors.forename: Iain B H
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000201:enzymology*; D006031:Glycosylation; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000201:enzymology*; D009154:Mutation; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D043323:alpha-Mannosidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; D043323:alpha-Mannosidase