title: Evaluating oneself by shape and weight is not the same as being dissatisfied about shape and weight: A longitudinal examination in severely obese gastric bypass patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined two related and confused body image constructs--overevaluation and body image dissatisfaction--and tested their distinctiveness by examining their longitudinal associations with changes in self-esteem and negative affect.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred forty-five obese (mean BMI = 51.6, SD = 7.5) patients (16 men and 129 women) completed a battery of self-report measures prior to and six months after undergoing gastric bypass surgery. Measures of body image (overevaluation of shape and weight, and body image dissatisfaction), self-esteem, and negative affect were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overevaluation and body image dissatisfaction both improved substantially following surgery. Change in overevaluation was significantly correlated only with change in self-esteem (after controlling for negative affect). Whereas change in body image dissatisfaction was significantly correlated with changes in both self-esteem and negative affect; findings for partial correlations remained unchanged.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate that evaluating oneself by shape and weight is related to, but not the same as, being dissatisfied about shape and weight. Given that overevaluation is less likely to be influenced by mood, it appears to be a more stable marker for disturbance in body image than body image dissatisfaction. This distinction has important implications for how clinicians and researchers assess these constructs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8098, USA. robin.masheb@yale.edu
authors.forename: Robin M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Masheb
authors.forename: Carlos M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Grilo
authors.forename: Carolyn H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Burke-Martindale
authors.forename: Bruce S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Rothschild
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D001828:Body Image; D015992:Body Mass Index; D049628:Body Size; D001835:Body Weight; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D012649:Self Concept; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires