Supporting parents of youths with intellectual disabilities and psychopathology.
BACKGROUND
Parents of children and adolescents with both intellectual disabilities (ID) and psychopathology often experience high levels of parenting stress. To support these parents, information is required regarding the types of support they need and whether their needs are met.


METHODS
In a sample of 745 youths (aged 10-24 years) with moderate to borderline ID, 289 parents perceived emotional and/or behavioural problems in their child. They were asked about their needs for support and whether these needs were met. Logistic regression analysis revealed the variables associated with both needing and receiving specific types of support. In addition, we asked those parents who had refrained from seeking support about their reasons.


RESULTS
Most parents (88.2%) needed some supports, especially a friendly ear, respite care, child mental health care and information. Parents who perceived both emotional and behavioural problems in their child needed support the most. In addition, parents whose child had any of these problems before the past year, who worried most about their child and suffered from psychopathology themselves, more often needed support. Parents of children with moderate ID or physical problems especially needed 'relief care', that is, respite care, activities for the child and practical/material help. The need for a friendly ear was met most often (75.3%), whereas the need for parental counselling was met least often (35.5%). Not receiving support despite having a need for it was primarily related to the level of need. Parents who indicated to have a stronger need for support received support more often than parents who had a relatively low need for support. The parents' main reasons for not seeking support concerned their evaluation of their child's problems (not so serious or temporary), not knowing where to find support or wanting to solve the problems themselves first.


CONCLUSIONS
Most parents had various support needs that were frequently unmet. Service providers should especially aim at providing information, activities, child mental health care and parental counselling. Furthermore, parents need to be informed about where and how they can obtain what kind of support. A case manager can be of help in this.
Douma
J C H
JC
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, ErasmusMC-Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Dekker
M C
MC
Koot
H M
HM
D000293:Adolescent; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D019988:Children with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology; D004493:Education; D004495:Education of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities; D005260:Female; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000523:psychology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008605:Mental Health Services; D009426:Netherlands; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D012144:Respite Care; D012944:Social Support; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications