title: Recommendations for participation in leisure-time physical activity and competitive sports in patients with arrhythmias and potentially arrhythmogenic conditions Part I: Supraventricular arrhythmias and pacemakers.
abstract: This document by the Study Group on Sports Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology extends on previous recommendations for sports participation for competitive athletes by also incorporating guidelines for those who want to perform recreational physical activity. For different supraventricular arrhythmias and arrhythmogenic conditions, a description of the relationship between the condition and physical activity is given, stressing how arrhythmias can be influenced by exertion or can be a reflection of the (patho)physiological cardiac adaptation to sports participation itself. The following topics are covered in this text: sinus bradycardia; atrioventricular nodal conduction disturbances; pacemakers; atrial premature beats; paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia without pre-excitation; pre-excitation, asymptomatic or with associated arrhythmias (i.e. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome); atrial fibrillation; and atrial flutter. A related document discusses ventricular arrhythmias, channelopathies and implantable cardioverter defibrillators.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium. hein.heidbuchel@uz.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: Hein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heidbüchel
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Panhuyzen-Goedkoop
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Corrado
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Allessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biffi
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Delise
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blomstrom-Lundqvist
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vanhees
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ivarhoff
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dorwarth
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pelliccia
mesh_terms: D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000592:standards*; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*; D013617:Tachycardia, Supraventricular / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*