Uterine artery embolization for symptomatic fibroids: short-term versus mid-term changes in disease-specific symptoms, quality of life and magnetic resonance imaging results.
BACKGROUND
Prospective study to evaluate changes in symptom severity, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and uterine and leiomyoma volume after uterine artery embolization (UAE).


METHODS
Eighty-two women completed a validated uterine fibroid symptom and quality of life (UFS-QOL) questionnaire and underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and 3-20 months after UAE. Primary outcome measures were changes in symptom severity and QOL at short-term follow-up [median 5 (range 3-7) months] and mid-term follow-up [median 14 (8-20) months]. Secondary outcome measures included the frequency of additional procedures to control persistent symptoms and changes in dominant fibroid volume (DFV) and uterine volume (UV).


RESULTS
Of 82 patients, 71 (86.6%) patients completed follow-up, 7 (8.5%) patients had a second procedure and 4 (4.9%) were lost to follow-up. Symptom severity scores decreased from a median of 43.75 to 21.88 (P < 0.001) in the short-term follow-up group and from a median of 43.75 to 9.38 (P < 0.001) in the mid-term follow-up group. QOL scores increased from a median of 56.90 to 87.93 (P < 0.001) and 66.81 to 96.12 (P < 0.001), respectively. During short-term follow-up, median UV decreased by 27% (95% CI 20.25-33.81, P < 0.001) and median DFV by 62% (95% CI 47.81-71.55, P < 0.001), whereas UV decreased by 36% (95% CI 23.34-55.02, P < 0.001) and DFV by 66% (95% CI 54.28-71.92, P < 0.001) for the mid-term follow-up group. A decrease in UV correlated with change in symptom severity (P < 0.005).


CONCLUSIONS
Women report significant improvements in fibroid-specific symptoms and QOL at short- and mid-term follow-ups after UAE.
Scheurig
C
C
Department of Radiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Gauruder-Burmester
A
A
Kluner
C
C
Kurzeja
R
R
Lembcke
A
A
Zimmermann
E
E
Hamm
B
B
Kroencke
T
T
D000328:Adult; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D014599:Uterus / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology