An increased frequency of gallbladder stones in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Factors related to gallbladder stone formation.
OBJECTIVE
In this study, we determined the frequency of gallbladder stone (GBS) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and evaluated factors which could affect the formation of GBS--such as lipids and the GB motilities of the patients.


METHODS
One hundred and thirteen RA patients (92F, 21M, mean disease duration: 8.9 years) and 117 healthy controls (94F, 23M) were included. In all RA patients, the clinical findings were recorded down; biochemical parameters and body mass index (BMI) were determined; and, abdominal ultrasonography was performed. In addition, 16 RA patients and 20 controls who were age-matched were randomly chosen for GB emptying monitored by ultrasound at 30-minute intervals for 2 hours after a mixed meal. Fasting volume (FV), residual volume (RV) and ejection fraction (EF) for all GBs were assessed.


RESULTS
There was a tendency towards a higher frequency of GBS including cholecystectomy (11 GBS, 11 cholecystectomy, 19.5%) in RA patients when compared to controls (8 GBS, 5 cholecystectomy, 11.1%) (p = 0.08). The frequency of GBS plus cholecyctectomy in female RA patients (22.8%) was significantly higher than the control group (11.7%, p = 0.044). Logistic regression analysis showed that only older age was significantly associated with the presence of GBS in RA (OR:1.05, p = 0.048). There was no difference between the 2 groups in FV (p > 0.05). RV, PRV and EF were significantly higher in RA patients than in the control group (p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
We diagnosed a higher frequency of GBS in female RA patients when compared to controls. Impaired GB motility in RA patients might contribute to an increased incidence of GBS development.
Pamuk
O N
ON
Department of Rheumatology, Trakya Medical Faculty, University of Trakya, Edirne-Turkey. omernpamuk@yahoo.com
Umit
H
H
Unlü
E
E
Köker
I H
IH
Cakir
N
N
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002763:Cholecystectomy; D041761:Cholecystolithiasis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000473:pathology*; D016473:Gallbladder Emptying / Q000502:physiology; D042882:Gallstones / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal