title: Pregnancy-induced changes in insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), and acid-labile subunit (ALS) in patients with growth hormone (GH) deficiency and excess.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Under most circumstances with altered growth hormone (GH) secretion, the changes of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), and acid-labile subunit (ALS) are in parallel. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of pregnancy in a hypopituitary patient with those of pregnancy in an acromegalic patient on IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and ALS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IGF-I and ALS were low before pregnancy in the hypopituitary patient under glucocorticoid and thyroxine treatment. Gonadotropin treatment allowed her to become pregnant; IGF-I and ALS levels rose in the second half of pregnancy and fell again after delivery. IGF-I concentrations were elevated in the patient with persistent acromegaly before and dropped into the normal range during the first half of pregnancy. In the second half of pregnancy and following delivery, IGF-I levels increased again. IGFBP-3 levels (as assessed by immunoblot analysis as well as by 125I-IGF II ligand blotting) decreased markedly during pregnancy in both patients, suggesting that the placenta rather than pituitary GH regulates IGFBP-3 proteolysis in human pregnancy. The increase of IGF-I (and ALS) during the second half of pregnancy in the individual with pituitary GH deficiency may be attributed to placental GH. The fall of IGF-I (and ALS) into the normal range in the acromegalic patient during the first trimester of pregnancy may be related to decreased production or decreased half-life of these proteins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that measures to continuously replace GH or to suppress GH secretion during pregnancy in patients with GH deficiency or excess, respectively, may not be warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, CH-8091, Switzerland. peter.wiesli@stgag.ch
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wiesli
authors.forename: Cornelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zwimpfer
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zapf
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmid
mesh_terms: D000172:Acromegaly / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007018:Hypopituitarism / Q000097:blood*; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000097:blood*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; C075944:insulin-like growth factor binding protein, acid labile subunit; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I