title: [Therapeutic effects of simultaneous expression of 4-1BBL and sPD-1 on experimental murine hepatoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the possible negative regulatory elements induced by the treatment of experimental murine hepatoma with 4-1BBL, and to investigate the synergistic effects and mechanisms of 4-1BBL and soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) in tumor therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were inoculated intramuscularly (i.m.) with 5 x 10(5) H22 tumor cells in the right hind thigh to establish the experimental hepatoma model. The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (12 mice in each group) after inoculation. The mice of group A, B, C and D were injected with NS, plasmid pcDNA3.1, plasmid p4-1BBL and plasmid pPD-1A respectively. The mice in group E, the combinatorial treatment group, were injected with plasmid p4-1BBL and pPD-1A together. Then the anti-tumor effects, using the tumor growth rates and mice survival rates and others as parameters, were recorded. Meanwhile, the phenotype of lymphocytes and residual tumor cells in the peri-tumor tissue were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Either transfection with 4-1BBL gene alone or with sPD-1 alone could inhibit tumor growth to some extent, but a more significant anticancer effect was obtained in the combinatorial treatment group (group E), in which the tumors were completely inhibited in 42% of the mice, compared with 0 in the other groups. In addition, the survival rate of mice in group E was 100%, compared with 30% in group B, 65% in group C and 62% in group D. The FACS analysis results showed that the expression level of B7-H1 and B7-DC on residual tumor cells in group C (injected with p4-1BBL alone) was higher than that on cells in other groups. The amount of CD8+ T cells in the peri-tumor tissue of group E was significantly increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  4-1BBl can induce an up-regulation of negative regulatory elements and at the same time it can enhance the anti-tumor response. The combinatorial treatment with 4-1BBL and sPD-1 can produce a positive synergistic anti-tumor effect on our murine experimental hepatoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zuo-hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Gui-mei
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D053330:4-1BB Ligand / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
chemical_list: D053330:4-1BB Ligand; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C491383:Pdcd1 protein, mouse; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor