title: Transforming growth factor beta activation of c-Abl is independent of receptor internalization and regulated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and PAK2 in mesenchymal cultures.
abstract: Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) modulates a number of cellular phenotypes as divergent as growth stimulation and growth inhibition. Although the Smad pathway is critical for many of these responses, recent evidence indicates that Smad-independent pathways may also have a critical role. One such protein previously shown to regulate TGF-beta action independent of the Smad proteins is the c-Abl nonreceptor tyrosine kinase. In the current study we determined that TGF-beta receptor signaling activates c-Abl kinase activity in a subset of fibroblast but not epithelial cultures. This cell type-specific response occurs in a membrane-proximal locale independent of receptor internalization and upstream of dynamin action. Although c-Abl activation by TGF-beta is independent of Smad2 or Smad3, it is prevented by inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase or PAK2. Thus, c-Abl represents a target downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-activated PAK2, which differentiates TGF-beta signaling in fibroblasts and epithelial cell lines and integrates serine/threonine receptor kinases with tyrosine kinase pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, and Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Wilkes
authors.forename: Edward B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Leof
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D016315:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl / Q000378:metabolism*; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051899:Smad2 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D051900:Smad3 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054462:p21-Activated Kinases
chemical_list: D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D016315:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D051899:Smad2 Protein; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D054462:p21-Activated Kinases; C515907:PAK2 protein, human; C515909:Pak2 protein, mouse