title: Spontaneous formation of core/shell bimetallic nanoparticles: a calorimetric study.
abstract: We showed recently that low entropy core/shell structured nanoparticles form spontaneously from the physical mixture of a dispersion of Ag nanoparticles and that of another noble metal (Rh, Pd, or Pt) at room temperature. Here we use isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and show that the initial step of such a spontaneous process is strongly exothermic. When the alcohol dispersion of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP)-protected Rh nanoparticles (average diameter 2.3 nm) was titrated into the alcoholic dispersion of PVP-protected Ag nanoparticles, a strong exothermic enthalpy change, DeltaH, was observed: DeltaH = -908 kJ/mol for Ag(S) nanoparticle (average diameter 10.8 nm) and -963 kJ/mol for Ag(L) nanoparticles (average diameter 22.5 nm). The strength of interaction increases in the order of Rh/Ag > Pd/Ag > Pt/Ag. This strong exothermic interaction is considered as a driving force to from low entropy bimetallic nanoparticles by simple mixing of two kinds of monometallic nanoparticles. We show also that exothermic interactions occur between a pair of noble metal nanoparticles themselves by using ITC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Yamaguchi, Onoda-shi, Yamaguchi, 756-0884, Japan. toshima@ed.yama.tus.ac.jp
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Toshima
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanemaru
authors.forename: Yukihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.forename: Yoshikata
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koga
mesh_terms: D002151:Calorimetry / Q000379:methods; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry; D010472:Perchlorates / Q000737:chemistry; D017671:Platinum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D011205:Povidone / Q000737:chemistry; D018030:Silver Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D010472:Perchlorates; D017671:Platinum Compounds; D018030:Silver Compounds; D010165:Palladium; C078393:silver perchlorate; D011205:Povidone