title: Glutathione is required for efficient production of infectious picornavirus virions.
abstract: Glutathione is an intracellular reducing agent that helps maintain the redox potential of the cell and is important for immune function. The drug L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) selectively inhibits glutathione synthesis. Glutathione has been reported to block replication of HIV, HSV-1, and influenza virus, whereas cells treated with BSO exhibit increased replication of Sendai virus. Pre-treatment of HeLa cell monolayers with BSO inhibited replication of CVB3, CVB4, and HRV14 with viral titers reduced by approximately 6, 5, and 3 log10, respectively. The addition of glutathione ethyl ester, but not dithiothreitol or 2-mercaptoethanol, to the culture medium reversed the inhibitory effect of BSO. Viral RNA and protein synthesis were not inhibited by BSO treatment. Fractionation of lysates from CVB3-infected BSO-treated cells on cesium chloride and sucrose gradients revealed that empty capsids but not mature virions were being produced. The levels of the 5S and 14S assembly intermediates, however, were not affected by BSO treatment. These results demonstrate that glutathione is important for production of mature infectious picornavirus virions.
authors.affiliation: Nutrient Requirements and Functions Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. smitha@ba.ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Allen D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dawson
mesh_terms: D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000494:pharmacology; D019328:Buthionine Sulfoximine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D010849:Picornaviridae / Q000502:physiology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D014771:Virion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000963:Antimetabolites; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins; D019328:Buthionine Sulfoximine; C042431:S-ethyl glutathione; D005978:Glutathione