title: Effect of 6-nonadecyl salicylic acid and its methyl ester on the induction of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes in mouse peripheral blood.
abstract: The bark of Amphipterygium adstringens is widely used in the traditional Mexican medicine for treating ailments such as gastric ulcers, gastritis and stomach cancer. The 6-nonadecyl salicylic acid (anacardic acid) was isolated from the bark of this species. In previous papers have been informed that the anacardic acids possess anti-tumour, antimicrobial, antiacne, antibacterial and many others medicinal properties. Now we describe cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of this compound and its methyl ester. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of 6-nonadecyl salicylic acid (6NDSA) and its methyl ester (ME6NDSA) on CD1 male mice were determined with micronucleus assay at 24, 48 and 72h after oral administration of doses of 0.75, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0mg/kg. Peripheral blood samples were drawn from the caudal vein and analyzed by Giemsa-stained technique. The results obtained showed that the ratios of polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) to normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) in mice treated with 10mg/kg of 6NDSA were statistically lower after 24h compared with its negative control animals, and that after 72h, PCE/NCE ratios were reduced in animals treated with 6NDSA at all tested dose levels. The methyl ester ME6NDSA showed no such cytotoxic activity. Neither of the test compounds increased the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes from which it appears that administration of 6NDSA and ME6NDSA may not lead to chromosome damage at the evaluated doses.
authors.affiliation: Colegio de Postgraduados, Km 35 carretera México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Texcoco, C.P. 56230, Estado de México, Mexico.
authors.forename: Hortensia Rosas
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Acevedo
authors.forename: Maritere Domínguez
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.forename: Sandra Díaz Barriga
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Arceo
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soto Hernández
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martínez Vázquez
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terrazas
authors.forename: Gustavo Valencia
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: del Toro
mesh_terms: D027926:Anacardiaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D048729:Anacardic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004952:Esters; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000139:chemically induced*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D048729:Anacardic Acids; D004952:Esters; D010936:Plant Extracts; C088115:anacardic acid