title: The falciform ligament in the echocardiographic diagnosis of ascites.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to show that the falciform ligament (FL) is an important finding on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in patients with ascites.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  It is difficult to determine the cause of echo-free spaces around the heart. When an echo-free space is seen anterior to the right ventricle, the identification of the FL helps to distinguish ascites from pericardial effusions, pleural effusions, and pericardial cysts.
  
  
  METHODS
  TTE was performed with a 3-MHz multiplane transducer connected to an ultrasound system. Standard TTE and Doppler flow measurements were performed following the American Society of Echocardiography guidelines. A total of 32 patients with ascites were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all 32 patients with ascites noted on clinical examination and documented with abdominal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, computerized tomography, paracentesis, or a combination of these, the FL was identified in the subdiaphragmatic view on TTE examination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FL can be readily visualized on TTE in the subdiaphragmatic view and can aid in the differential diagnoses of translucent space around the right heart border and the liver. The presence of the FL in this echolucent space denotes ascites.
authors.affiliation: Carl T. Hayden Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona 85012-1892, USA.
authors.forename: Frank Patrick
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Cardello
authors.forename: Dong-Hi Anthony
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Halligan
authors.forename: Herschel
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Richter
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001201:Ascites / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008022:Ligaments / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010490:Pericardial Effusion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*