title: Surgical treatment of high-grade spondylolisthesis.
abstract: High-grade spondylolisthesis is defined as Meyerding grade 3, 4, or 5 with an increased L5-SI kyphosis/slip angle. Modern-day treatment of high-grade spondylolisthesis usually involves some reduction of the spondylolisthesis along with pedicle screw instrumentation and circumferential fusion at L5-S1, achieved entirely through a posterior approach or through separate anterior and posterior approaches. Complications include implant failure distally, nonunion, and footdrop.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, One Barnes-Jewish Hospital Plaza, Suite 11300 West Pavilion, Campus Box 8233, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. bridwellk@wudosis.wustl.edu
authors.forename: Keith H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Bridwell
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012447:Sacrum; D013168:Spondylolisthesis / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*