title: Coping with depression in later life: a qualitative study of help-seeking in three ethnic groups.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Research suggests high levels of depression and low levels of service use among older adults from UK minority ethnic groups. This study aimed to explore older adults' attitudes and beliefs regarding what would help someone with depression, and to consider how these may facilitate or deter older people from accessing treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  In-depth individual qualitative interviews were conducted with older adults with depression (treated and untreated) and the non-depressed older population. A multi-cultural approach was used that incorporated the perspectives of 32 black Caribbean, 33 South Asian and 45 white British older adults.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants felt that the responsibility for combating depression was an internal and individual task with support considered secondary. However, the majority expressed a willingness and desire to discuss psychosocial problems. Within the black Caribbean group, conversing with God through prayer was seen as an effective means of overcoming depression, while a large proportion of South Asian and white British participants identified families as an important source of help. There was wide variation in how older adults construed the role of the general practitioner (GP) and many expressed acute awareness of the demands on GPs' time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Efforts to socialize and remain active may provide a useful and acceptable adjunct to clinical interventions. However, there is a need to communicate that depression often necessitates formal help, and that it is acceptable to voice concerns regarding emotional states in a GP consultation. The findings suggest that older adults would welcome the opportunity to discuss their feelings with health-care professionals.
authors.affiliation: Section of Mental Health and Ageing, Health Services Research Department, The David Goldberg Centre, The Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: Sube
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Dinesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bhugra
authors.forename: Kuljeet
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sangha
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001208:Asia / Q000208:ethnology; D017691:Caribbean Region / Q000208:ethnology; D003376:Counseling; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000208:ethnology*; D012919:Social Behavior; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology