title: Safety and efficacy of early intervention with pimecrolimus cream 1% combined with corticosteroids for major flares in infants and children with atopic dermatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess early intervention with pimecrolimus combined with corticosteroid (CS) for major flares in patients with severe atopic dermatitis (AD).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this 6-month, double-blind, multicenter, randomized, vehicle-controlled, parallel-group in 35 US centers, 275 children aged 3 months to 11 years with mild to severe AD applied the study medication twice daily at first signs/symptoms of AD. For major flares not controlled with study medication, a mid-potency CS cream replaced the evening study drug for up to 3 weeks. The percentage of subjects with no major flares was the main outcome measure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pimecrolimus reduced the major flare incidence and prolonged flare-free intervals. Significantly more pimecrolimus subjects (52%) had no major flares compared with vehicle subjects (34%; p = 0.007). Pimecrolimus significantly delayed the first flare (median, 53 days vs 13 days; p<0.001), and increased the time between flares (median, 31 days vs 15 days). Additionally, there was earlier pruritus improvement (median, day 3 vs day 6; p = 0.034) in the pimecrolimus group, as well as a reduced need for CS by 37% (p = 0.020) [corrected] Adverse events (AEs) incidence and type were comparable between groups. Combination therapy with pimecrolimus used at half the recommended dose did not shorten the mean flare duration or alter the AE profile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early treatment of signs/symptoms of AD with pimecrolimus cream 1% provided an effective steroid-sparing option that reduced the incidence of major flares.
authors.affiliation: St Louis University School of Medicine and Kids Dermatology, St Louis, MO 63141, USA. Siegfried@kidsderm.com
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Siegfried
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Korman
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.forename: Farid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kianifard
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abrams
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008923:Missouri; D009515:New Jersey; D009820:Ohio; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D003879:Dermatologic Agents; C117268:pimecrolimus; D016559:Tacrolimus