title: Clinical correlates of self-mutilation in Turkish male substance-dependent inpatients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of self-mutilation (SM) in male substance-dependent inpatients, and to investigate the relationship of SM with childhood abuse and neglect, axis I disorders and personality disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 112 consecutively admitted male substance dependents (56 alcohol and 56 drug). Substance dependence was diagnosed by means of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I, Turkish version). Patients were evaluated by the Childhood Abuse and Neglect Questionnaire, SCID-I, SCID-II, Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among substance-dependent patients, SM was found to be present in 33% (SM group). Mean age and educational status were lower in the SM group. Moreover rates of being single, history of childhood physical and emotional abuse and neglect, suicide attempt history and personality disorder were higher. Mean depression and anxiety scores were also higher in the SM group. Personality disorder, physical abuse, suicide attempt history and drug dependency were predictors for SM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SM is more common in drug dependents than alcohol dependents. Also results of this study suggest that among Turkish substance dependents SM might be related to the presence of personality disorder and childhood physical abuse and suicide attempts.
authors.affiliation: Bakirkoy State Hospital for Mental Health and Neurological Disorders, Alcohol and Drug Research, Treatment and Training Center (AMATEM), Istanbul, Turkey. cuneytevren@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Cuneyt
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Evren
authors.forename: Sevil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kural
authors.forename: Duran
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cakmak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012652:Self Mutilation / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D014421:Turkey