title: A novel method for evaluating and expressing the degree of macroscopic hematuria.
abstract: We have created a universal and simple scale of evaluation for urine of the connection pipe attached to a urine collection bag. The figure of the Roman numeral II is printed in black in four different sizes (10.5, 18, 36, and 72 points) using the MS Gothic letter configuration of Microsoft Word on white paper. If this paper is, then, placed beneath the connection pipe attached to a urine collection bag, it becomes possible to determine the grade of hematuria by checking whether the gap between the two lines of II can be seen clearly through the hematuria. Furthermore, we are also able to evaluate the grade of hematuria of urine collected in a cup, by pouring the urine into a small clear tube of the same diameter as the connection pipe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shinkokura Hospital, 1-3-1 Kanada, Kokurakita, Kitakyushu, 803-8505, Japan. sakuma-jua@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Komiya
mesh_terms: D006417:Hematuria / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008722:Methods; D012720:Severity of Illness Index