title: Intraarterial gene delivery in rabbit hepatic tumors: transfection with nonviral vector by using iodized oil emulsion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of an iodized oil emulsion that is used for the chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma as a modifier of a nonviral gene transfer system for intraarterial gene delivery in experimentally induced hepatic tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experiments were performed in accordance with National Institutes of Health guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals and were approved by the animal research committee at Seoul National University Hospital. VX2 carcinoma was implanted into the liver of 26 rabbits. Four nonviral gene transfer systems were prepared by using pCMV-luc+ as a reporter gene. The first system consisted of a DNA and polyethylenimine (PEI) complex (n = 7); the second, of a DNA and PEI complex mixed with iopamidol and iodized oil (n = 7); the third, of a DNA and PEI complex mixed with iopamidol (n = 7); and the fourth, of a DNA and PEI complex mixed with iodized oil (n = 5). For the DNA and PEI complex that was mixed with iopamidol and iodized oil, iopamidol was used to stabilize the emulsion. Twenty days after tumor implantation, intraarterial gene delivery was performed by selective catheterization of the hepatic artery. Rabbits were euthanized 24 hours after gene delivery. Luciferase activity was assayed in the tumor, left hepatic lobe, right hepatic lobe, and other organs and was statistically analyzed for comparison between complexes by using the Kruskal-Wallis test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Luciferase activity in the tumor was significantly higher for the group that received DNA, PEI, iopamidol, and iodized oil than for any other group (Kruskal-Wallis test, P < .05). Luciferase activity in the left hepatic lobe, right hepatic lobe, and other organs was not significantly different between complexes. Selective gene expression in tumor cells was confirmed by means of immunohistochemical analysis for luciferase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is feasible to use an iodized oil emulsion system for the intratumoral transfection of nonviral vectors in experimentally induced hypervascular hepatic tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Center for Liver Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Il
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Jae Hyung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Joon Koo
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Jung Wan
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Hesson
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D007459:Iodized Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000628:therapy*; D011817:Rabbits; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D007459:Iodized Oil