title: Long-term results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for symptomatic iliac in-stent stenosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study describes the long-term results of endoluminal therapy for iliac in-stent obstructions.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1992 to 2005, 68 patients (22 women), with a mean age of 61+/- 13 years and 16 bi-iliac in-stent obstructions, underwent 84 endovascular interventions for focal iliac in-stent stenoses (n = 61) or occlusions (n = 23). Primarily, only uncovered stents were placed. All patients were symptomatic: 70% had disabling intermittent claudication, 23% had resting pain, and 7% had trophic changes. All had in-stent diameter reduction exceeding 50% that was confirmed by duplex scanning and angiography. Procedures were performed under local anesthesia via the femoral route.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All interventions were initially technically successful, with a minor complication of pneumonia in one patient (2%). Initial clinical success was achieved in 86% of patients. PTA alone was used to treat 72 (86%) in-stent obstructions, the other 12 (14%) had PTA and renewed stent placement. The 30-day mortality rate was 0%. Mean follow-up was 35 months (range, 3 months to 10 years) and included duplex scanning. Primary clinical patency was 88% at 1 year, 62% at 3 years, and 38% at 5 years follow-up. During follow-up, 28 (33%) of 84 extremities required secondary reinterventions because of symptomatic renewed in-stent stenosis, and 11 were treated successfully with repeated endovascular interventions. Secondary patency at 1 year was 94%, 78% at 3 years, and 63% at 5 years. Surgical intervention was eventually needed in 17 (20%) of the 84 extremities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoluminal therapy for iliac focal in-stent obstructive disease seems to be a safe technique with acceptable long-term outcome and therefore a true alternative to primary surgical reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R H J
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Kropman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bemelman
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Vos
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.forename: H D W M
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: van de Pavoordt
authors.forename: R H W
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: van de Mortel
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Moll
authors.forename: J P P M
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: de Vries
mesh_terms: D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D019233:Retreatment; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency