title: Psychological health of men with partners who have post-partum depression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the psychological health of men with partners who have post-partum depression (PPD; index group) with that of men with partners without PPD (comparison group).
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a cross-sectional survey, psychological symptoms and disturbances of index group men (n = 58) and comparison group men (n = 116) were compared. Validated self-report measures were used to assess five key areas of mental health: depression, anxiety, non-specific psychological impairment, aggression and alcohol use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Index group men had more symptoms of depression, aggression and non-specific psychological impairment, and had higher rates of depressive disorder, non-specific psychological problems and problem fatigue than comparison group men. Index group men were also more likely to have three or more comorbid psychological disturbances. There was no difference between the groups on measures of anxiety and alcohol use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although many men in the postnatal period experience a variety of mental health problems, those who have a partner with PPD are themselves at increased risk for experiencing psychological symptoms and disturbances. Differentiation of psychological syndromes is important; higher rates of depressive disorder, non-specific psychological problems and problem fatigue were found, but rates of anxiety disorder and hazardous alcohol use did not differ between the groups. More attention from health professionals to men's mental health in the postnatal period may be beneficial to the entire family system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, PO Box 7343, Wellington South, New Zealand. robertspsychmed@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bushnell
authors.forename: Sunny C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Collings
authors.forename: Gordon L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Purdie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009520:New Zealand; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic