title: Surgical necrotizing enterocolitis and intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants below 1000 g.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Infants with very low birth weight are at increased risk for both intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). IVH often progresses in severity after initial diagnosis and causes severe neurological morbidity and mortality. The authors examined the role of NEC in the progression of IVH in these infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors conducted a retrospective case-control study using data from the University of Maryland neonatal intensive care unit database between 1991 and 2003. From a cohort of 957 infants with very low birth weight, 53 pairs of infants labeled as IVH progression versus controls were selected and closely matched in respect to their gestational age and birth weight. Charts from these infants were reviewed to identify risk factors contributing to IVH progression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Infants with IVH progression were significantly more likely to suffer from NEC (odds ratio, 3.6), whereas infants with surgical NEC showed a greater association with IVH progression (odds ratio, 5.33). Association with thrombocytopenia was also seen (odds ratio, 3.33). Sepsis showed trend toward significance (odds ratio, 1.9; P = .095) for progression of IVH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical NEC showed the greatest risk for IVH progression. NEC and thrombocytopenia also appear to be risk factors for IVH progression.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Howard C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Jen
authors.forename: Jerome J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Graber
authors.forename: J Laurance
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Samuel M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Alaish
authors.forename: Roger W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Voigt
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Strauch
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D018450:Disease Progression; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000150:complications