title: Nutritional support for patients suffering from intestinal graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients who exhibit gastrointestinal (GI) involvement due to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) are often recommended to withhold oral intake (NPO) to avoid further damage to the GI mucosa. However, it is possible that continuing oral intake could be beneficial in many patients compared to total parenteral nutrition (TPN).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The primary objective of this prospective study was to evaluate whether programmed step-ladder oral dieting (enteral nutrition; EN) is feasible and beneficial for these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 18 patients who exhibited GI-acute GVHD (stage I to III gut GVHD) after SCT received an EN dieting program, and changes in clinical and laboratory parameters were compared to those in a control cohort of 17 patients who were placed on NPO with TPN. Patients with GVHD were included prospectively and those with intestinal bleeding/obstruction, severe pancreatitis, and cytomegalovirus enterocolitis were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the patients in the EN group experienced significant adverse events, including exacerbation of GI symptoms. Although there was no statistically significant difference in the volume or frequency of diarrhea or the time to complete dietary recovery, parameters including body weight and serum levels of total protein and albumin tended to improve faster in the EN group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The EN diet is safely applicable to patients suffering from GI involvement by GVHD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Imataki
authors.forename: Shigetoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakatani
authors.forename: Terumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Kiyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ichihashi
authors.forename: Mitsuko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Sung-Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Shin-ichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Kensei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tobinai
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tanosaki
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Makimoto
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takaue
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous