title: The moderating effect of self-efficacy on intervention response in women family caregivers of older adults with dementia.
abstract: This study performed moderator analyses to determine if self-efficacy predicted differential outcome in a randomized trial comparing a cognitive behavior psychoeducational intervention and an enhanced support group (ESG). The four key outcomes were depression, anxiety, social support, and coping. Low baseline self-efficacy scores were hypothesized to be more predictive of positive response in the psychoeducational intervention than in the support group. Change from pre- to posttreatment (baseline to three months) for 213 female caregivers of older adult relatives with dementia (122 Anglos and 91 Latinos) are presented. Caregivers were randomly assigned to either the coping with caregiving class (CWC), a skill-building, small group intervention designed to reduce caregiving stress, or to an enhanced support group (ESG), which used guided discussion and empathic listening to develop within-group reciprocal support. The findings showed that low baseline self-efficacy scores better predicted positive response to treatment in the CWC intervention than in the ESG intervention. This study supports the use of self-efficacy as a screening tool for appropriate caregiver intervention assignment.
authors.affiliation: Older Adult & Family Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA. rabinowy@soc.mil
authors.forename: Yaron G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Rabinowitz
authors.forename: Brent T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Mausbach
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Coon
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Depp
authors.forename: Larry W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gallagher-Thompson
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease; D001007:Anxiety / Q000517:prevention & control; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003863:Depression / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012657:Self-Help Groups; D012944:Social Support; D016896:Treatment Outcome