title: Personal growth and its correlates during residency training.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the characteristics of and factors associated with personal growth during residency training.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2003, 359 house officers on 7 internal medicine residency training programmes in the USA were surveyed about their training experiences and issues related to their personal growth. Factor analysis and internal reliability testing were used to develop a 'personal growth scale'. Logistic regression models were then used to identify independent associations between individual variables and 'high' versus 'low' personal growth scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 281 house officers (80%) responded. The personal growth scale had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.81. Factors that were independently associated with achieving high amounts of personal growth during residency training included: agreeing that reflection is important during residency training (odds ratio [OR] 2.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-7.4); being male (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.4-4.5); being non-white (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.3-3.9); having a strong desire to develop personally and professionally (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.1-4.1), and feeling highly supported by one's programme director (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.9). Independent predictors of scoring below the median on the personal growth scale included feeling emotionally isolated at work (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.7) and noting that negative or disappointing experiences had been powerful (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Disparate amounts of personal growth occur among trainees during residency training. Residency programmes interested in promoting personal growth among their trainees may wish to focus on modifiable factors that are associated with personal growth, such as fostering supportive relationships and encouraging reflection.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. smwright@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Scott M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Rachel B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Brent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beasley
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haidet
authors.forename: Todd W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Gress
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caccamese
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marwaha
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Kern
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000458:organization & administration*; D008297:Male; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000523:psychology; D013192:Staff Development; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States