title: Quality of diabetes care predicts the development of cardiovascular events: results of the QuED study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the context of the QuED Study we assessed whether a quality of care summary score was able to predict the development of cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The score was calculated using process and intermediate outcome indicators (HbA1c), blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, microalbuminuria) and ranged from 0 to 40. Overall, 3235 patients were enrolled, of whom 492 developed a CV event after a median follow-up of 5 years. The incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) of CV events was 62.4 in patients with a score < or =10, 54.8 in those with a score between 15 and 20, and 39.8 in those with a score >20. In adjusted multilevel regression models, the risk to develop a CV event was 89% greater in patients with a score of < or =10 (rate ratio [RR]=1.89; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.43-2.50) and 43% higher in those with a score between 10 and 20 (RR=1.43; 95% CI 1.14-1.79), as compared to those with a score >20. A difference between centers of 5 points in the mean quality score was associated with a difference of 16% in CV event risk (RR=0.84; 95% CI 0.72-0.98).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study documented for the first time a close relationship between a score of quality of diabetes care and long-term outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Epidemiology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Via Nazionale 8/A, 66030 S. Maria Imbaro (CH), Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Berardis
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pellegrini
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franciosi
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belfiglio
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Di Nardo
authors.forename: Sheldon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Greenfield
authors.forename: Sherrie H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: Maria C E
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sacco
authors.forename: Gianni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tognoni
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valentini
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nicolucci
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000209:etiology; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human