title: Effect of coordination training with and without stochastic resonance stimulation on dynamic postural stability of subjects with functional ankle instability and subjects with stable ankles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of coordination training with and without stochastic resonance (SR) stimulation on dynamic postural stability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental with repeated measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Research Laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty subjects with functional ankle instability (FAI) and 30 healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were assigned to a conventional coordination training group, SR stimulation coordination training group, or control group. Training groups performed coordination exercises for 6 weeks. Single leg jump-landing tests were performed before training began (pretest), and then once every 2 weeks. Jump-landing tests required subjects to land on a single leg on a force plate and stabilize quickly.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anterior/posterior (A/P) and medial/lateral (M/L) time-to-stabilization (TTS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The FAI group improved their A/P TTS over their pretest by 16% (test 2), 22% (test 3), and 22% (posttest). They also improved their M/L TTS over their pretest by 16% (test 3) and 22% (posttest). Control groups did not improve their TTS (P>0.05). SR stimulation did not statistically influence TTS (P>0.05). Effect sizes (ES), however, for our 3-way interaction analyses for A/P TTS (ES=0.40) and M/L TTS (ES=0.30) suggested that SR stimulation improved the FAI group's M/L TTS after 2 weeks of training, and improved their A/P TTS and M/L TTS to a greater degree after 4 weeks than coordination training alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coordination training can improve dynamic postural instabilities associated with FAI. SR stimulation might be an alternative therapy for FAI, as this stimulation might improve dynamic postural stability more quickly and to a greater extent than coordination training without SR stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2020, USA. seross@vcu.edu
authors.forename: Scott E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Guskiewicz
mesh_terms: D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*; D013269:Stochastic Processes