title: GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes as possible heritable factors of rosacea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Rosacea might be related to an increased activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and deficient function of the antioxidant system. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play a primer role in cellular defense against electrophilic chemical species and radical oxygen species. We hypothesized that increased ROS activity or decreased antioxidant potential, possibly induced by GST gene polymorphism, might have a pathogenic role in rosacea.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group consisted of 45 patients with rosacea and 100 control subjects. DNA samples were isolated from blood samples using high pure polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Template preparation Kit. The GSTM1, GSTT1, and P1 polymorphisms were detected using a real-time PCR and fluorescence resonance energy transfer with a Light-Cycler Instrument. Associations between specific genotypes and the development of rosacea were examined using logistic regression analyses to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes were found to be statistically different from control (P=0.005, P=0.009, respectively), and associated with an increased risk of rosacea (OR [95% CI]: 2.84 [1.37-5.89]; OR [95% CI]: 2.68 [1.27-5.67], respectively). There was a statistically significant relationship between both null combination of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotype polymorphisms and rosacea (P=0.003, OR [95% CI]: 4.18 [1.57-11.13]). There were no statistically significant differences between patient and control groups for the GSTP1 Ile/Ile, Ile/Val, and Val/Val genotypes (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated a significant association between the GSTT1 and/or GSTM1 null genotypes and rosacea. However, the potential role of GSTs as markers of susceptibility to rosacea needs further studies in larger patient groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Zeytinlibahce-Mersin, Turkey. aycacordan@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ayca Cordan
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Yazici
authors.forename: Lulufer
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tamer
authors.forename: Guliz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ikizoglu
authors.forename: Tamer Irfan
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.forename: Hale
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Api
authors.forename: Hatice
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: Aynur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adiguzel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; D005838:Genotype; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012393:Rosacea / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; D005982:Glutathione Transferase