title: Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix: cytologic features and expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and Her2/neu protein.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the cytologic features, estrogen and progesterone receptors, and Her2/neu protein in glassy cell carcinoma (GCC) of the cervix.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cases were analyzed using various parameters, including age at presentation, stage, treatment and clinical course. Between 1990 and 2003, patients with primary cervical carcinomas were treated and cytopathologic analyses performed. Tests for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and Her2/neu protein were performed on paraffin sections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GCC of the cervix is composed of large cells with abundant chromatin, which gives them their characteristic glassy appearance. Eleven cases were identified as GCC. One case (9.1%) was correctly diagnosed from the cervicovaginal smear. Among the GCC cases, ER, PR and Her2/neu were positive in 2 (18.1%), 1 (9.1%) and 5 (45.4%) cases, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cytology of GCC reveals characteristic features that differ from those of other carcinomas of the cervix. GCC has unique cytologic characteristics and causes diagnostic confusion, possibly leading to incorrect diagnoses. The reason for such low diagnostic precision in cytology might be due to the lack of differentiation and low frequency of this tumor. Our results, demonstrating Her2/ neu overexpression, may correlate with more aggressive behavior and a worse clinical outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan. hajime@saitama-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toyozumi
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ougida
authors.forename: Kyota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hanami
authors.forename: Kiuchi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kyoko
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tamaru
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Itoyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone