title: Regional quantification of white matter hyperintensity in normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A quantitative method was applied to measure the volume of white matter hyperintensity (WMH) in different brain regions of subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and normal healthy age-matched controls, and the relationship between regional WMH and age and cognitive function was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six subjects were included in this study, 27 AD, 15 MCI and 14 normal age-matched controls. A user-friendly software was developed for WMH quantification in frontal, temporal, and parieto-occipital lobes. Mini-Mental State Examination and cognitive scores in performing naming, language fluency, and memory tasks were obtained for correlation analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AD patients had the greatest total WMH volume, followed by MCI, then controls. However, there was a large variation within each group, and the difference did not reach a significant level. There was a positive linear correlation between the total WMH (p = 0.031) and the frontal WMH (p = 0.006) vs. age. After age correction the Boston Naming Test scores were negatively correlated with the total WMH volume in the AD (p = 0.03) and the control (p = 0.03) groups, and with the frontal WMH in controls (p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated a quantitative analysis method to measure regional WMH. Although WMH was not strongly associated with disease severity or cognition, it may provide a characteristic neuroimaging parameter in the study of AD development.
authors.affiliation: Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-5020, USA.
authors.forename: Ya-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Huali
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Yung-Chien
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Min-Ying
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Su
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D014705:Verbal Behavior