title: Sclerotial biomass and carotenoid yield of Penicillium sp. PT95 under oxidative growth conditions and in the presence of antioxidant ascorbic acid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of oxidative stress and exogenous ascorbic acid on sclerotial biomass and carotenoid yield of Penicillium sp. PT95.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this experiment, high oxidative stress was applied by the inclusion of FeSO(4) in the growth medium and exposure to light. Low oxidative stress was applied by omitting iron from the growth medium and by incubation in the dark. Supplementation of exogenous ascorbic acid (as antioxidant) to the basal medium caused a concentration-dependent delay of sclerotial differentiation (up to 48 h), decrease of sclerotial biomass (up to 40%) and reduction of carotenoid yield (up to 91%). On the contrary, the exogenous ascorbic acid also caused a concentration-dependent decrease of lipid peroxidation in colonies of this fungus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under high oxidative stress growth condition, the sclerotial biomass and carotenoid yield of PT95 strain in each plate culture reached 305 mg and 32.94 microg, which were 1.23 and 3.71 times higher, respectively, than those at low oxidative stress growth condition. These data prompted us to consider that in order to attain higher sclerotial biomass and pigment yield, the strain PT95 should be grown under high oxidative stress and in the absence of antioxidants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that strain PT95 may be used for solid-state fermentation of carotenoid production under high oxidative stress growth conditions.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, PR China.
authors.forename: X L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: X H
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018533:Biomass; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis*; D003470:Culture Media; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D010407:Penicillium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003470:Culture Media; D002338:Carotenoids; D001205:Ascorbic Acid