title: Bilateral anterior cingulotomy for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: Long-term follow-up results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the long-term efficacy and adverse cognitive effects of stereotactic bilateral anterior cingulotomy as a treatment for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients suffering from refractory OCD underwent stereotactic bilateral anterior cingulotomies and were followed for 24 months. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the Clinical Global Impression and other neuropsychological tests were used to assess the efficacy and cognitive changes of cingulotomy. The tests were taken before and 12 and 24 months after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean improvement rate of the Y-BOCS score achieved from the baseline was 48%. Eight patients out of 17 met the responder criteria. During the 24-month follow-up, there were no significant adverse effects observed after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bilateral anterior cingulotomy was effective for the treatment of refractory OCD, and no other significant adverse cognitive effects on long-term follow-up were found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Ho
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Chan-Hyung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yong Gou
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang Sup
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Jin Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000601:surgery; D003071:Cognition; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000601:surgery*; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome