title: Proarrhythmic effects of atrial fibrillation ablation techniques.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The incidence of proarrhythmia induced by ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) is not entirely known. We describe the incidence and management of atrial arrhythmias occurring after various techniques for the ablative therapy of AF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-four patients with paroxysmal AF underwent ostial pulmonary vein (PV) ablation (n=54) or circumferential ablation around the PV ostia (n=40).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Atrial tachycardia or flutter was detected during the first 6 months after AF ablation in 10 patients. Atrial arrhythmia was more common among patients who underwent circumferential ablation or circumferential with lines (18.2% and 22.2%, respectively) than in those who were treated with other techniques (p = 0.037). The incidence of atrial tachycardia or flutter among patients who underwent ostial ablation or ostial with lines was 2.4% and 8.3%, respectively. No difference was observed in the risk of atrial arrhythmia between patients who underwent ablation with or without additional lines, either ostial (p = 0.398) or circumferential (p = 0.999). Re-ablation was performed in 7 patients with sustained atrial arrhythmia. At 6 months, no recurrence of atrial tachycardia or flutter was.seen in 6 of these patients, nor in 3 patients with non-sustained atrial tachycardia or flutter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of atrial tachycardia or flutter following AF ablation is lower for ostial than for circumferential ablation. The addition of lines along the mitral isthmus and between the superior PVs does not significantly affect the risk of ablation-induced arrhythmia. Non-sustained atrial tachycardia or flutter during or early after AF ablation procedures does not require additional ablation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Athens Euroclinic, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Eleftherios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giazitzoglou
authors.forename: Socrates
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Korovesis
authors.forename: Evangelia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karvouni
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paxinos
authors.forename: Georgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kourlaba
authors.forename: Demosthenes
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Katritsis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000601:surgery*; D001282:Atrial Flutter / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation; D013612:Tachycardia, Ectopic Atrial / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome