title: Designing systematic conservation assessments that promote effective implementation: best practice from South Africa.
abstract: Systematic conservation assessment and conservation planning are two distinct fields of conservation science often confused as one and the same. Systematic conservation assessment is the technical, often computer-based, identification of priority areas for conservation. Conservation planning is composed of a systematic conservation assessment coupled with processes for development of an implementation strategy and stakeholder collaboration. The peer-reviewed conservation biology literature abounds with studies analyzing the performance of assessments (e.g., area-selection techniques). This information alone, however can never deliver effective conservation action; it informs conservation planning. Examples of how to translate systematic assessment outputs into knowledge and then use them for "doing" conservation are rare. South Africa has received generous international and domestic funding for regional conservation planning since the mid-1990s. We reviewed eight South African conservation planning processes and identified key ingredients of best practice for undertaking systematic conservation assessments in a way that facilitates implementing conservation action. These key ingredients include the design of conservation planning processes, skills for conservation assessment teams, collaboration with stakeholders, and interpretation and mainstreaming of products (e.g., maps) for stakeholders. Social learning institutions are critical to the successful operationalization of assessments within broader conservation planning processes and should include not only conservation planners but also diverse interest groups, including rural landowners, politicians, and government employees.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa. tawnyfrogmouth@gmail.com
authors.forename: Andrew T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Driver
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Cowling
authors.forename: Kristal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maze
authors.forename: Philip G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Desmet
authors.forename: Amanda T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Lombard
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rouget
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Botha
authors.forename: Andre F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Boshoff
authors.forename: J Guy
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Castley
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Goodman
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mackinnon
authors.forename: Shirley M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sims-Castley
authors.forename: Warrick I
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Amrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: von Hase
mesh_terms: D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000379:methods*; D017753:Ecosystem; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012107:Research Design; D013019:South Africa