title: Fluconazole and itraconazole resistance of yeasts isolated from the bloodstream and catheters of hospitalized pediatric patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In critically ill children, Candida species and other yeasts appear as an important nosocomial pathogen. The emerging fungal pathogens are usually less susceptible to azole compounds, and the management of such infections could be problematic.
  
  
  METHODS
  6,065 bloodstream cultures and 627 catheters from intensive care units and hospitalized oncology pediatric patients were studied. Antifungal susceptibility testing of isolates was performed according to the reference broth microdilution method describedby the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (M27-A).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found a low activity of fluconazole (FCZ) and itraconazole (ITZ) against Candida glabrata, C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. haemulonii. Resistant strains to FCZ and ITZ were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results reveal the emergence of antifungal-resistant species and a change in the predominant role of C. albicans as a cause of candidemia in hospitalized children.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Micología, Instituto de Medicina Regional, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Resistencia, and Hospital Pediátrico Juan Pablo II, Corrientes, Argentina. gusgiusi@bib.unne.edu.ar
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giusiano
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mangiaterra
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Garcia Saito
authors.forename: Florencia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: María Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Díaz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000382:microbiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016469:Fungemia / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017964:Itraconazole; D015725:Fluconazole