title: ROS fusion tyrosine kinase activates a SH2 domain-containing phosphatase-2/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling axis to form glioblastoma in mice.
abstract: Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and lethal form of primary brain cancer. Diagnosis of this advanced glioma has a poor prognosis due to the ineffectiveness of current therapies. Aberrant expression of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) in glioblastoma multiformes is suggestive of their role in initiation and maintenance of these tumors of the central nervous system. In fact, ectopic expression of the orphan RTK ROS is a frequent event in human brain cancers, yet the pathologic significance of this expression remains undetermined. Here, we show that a glioblastoma-associated, ligand-independent rearrangement product of ROS (FIG-ROS) cooperates with loss of the tumor suppressor gene locus Ink4a;Arf to produce glioblastomas in the mouse. We show that this FIG-ROS-mediated tumor formation in vivo parallels the activation of the tyrosine phosphatase SH2 domain-containing phosphatase-2 (SHP-2) and a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling axis in tumors and tumor-derived cell lines. We have established a fully penetrant preclinical model for adult onset of glioblastoma multiforme in keeping with major genetic events observed in the human disease. These findings provide novel and important insights into the role of ROS and SHP-2 function in solid tumor biology and set the stage for preclinical testing of targeted therapeutic approaches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. charest@mit.edu
authors.forename: Al
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Charest
authors.forename: Erik W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Wilker
authors.forename: Margaret E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: Keara
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: Ram
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gowda
authors.forename: Shanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coven
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kovach
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Yaffe
authors.forename: Tyler
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jacks
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Housman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D054648:Protein Phosphatase 2; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054593:SH2 Domain-Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D015398:Signal Transduction; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D018909:src Homology Domains
chemical_list: D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D011494:Protein Kinases; D054648:Protein Phosphatase 2; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D054593:SH2 Domain-Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; C417743:Cdkn2a protein, mouse; C546842:MTOR protein, human; C546843:mTOR protein, mouse; C062333:ROS1 protein, human; C516724:PTPN11 protein, human; C516725:Ptpn11 protein, mouse