title: [Chemical submission: a literature review].
abstract: The aim of this review is to describe the present knowledge about chemical submission. The number of scientific publications on this phenomenon has increased over the last 10 years. Perpetrators choose drugs which act rapidly, produce desinhibition, sedation, and anterograde amnesia during the abuse. Ethanol and benzodiazepines are the most frequently used. A few drugs, including flunitrazepam and gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), have received widespread media coverage. Toxicological investigations on blood, urine or hair samples allow to detect the substance used. Every effort should be made to collect appropriate specimens as quickly as possible. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is at present the most appropriate analytical method to detect these drugs in a biological specimen.
authors.affiliation: Service de Médecine Légale, Hôpital Trousseau, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Saint-Martin
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Furet
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: O'Byrne
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bouyssy
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paintaud
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Autret-Leca
mesh_terms: D004291:Dominance-Subordination; D005445:Flunitrazepam / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D011902:Rape; D012919:Social Behavior; D012978:Sodium Oxybate / Q000009:adverse effects; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D005445:Flunitrazepam; D012978:Sodium Oxybate