title: The impact of driver distraction on road safety: results from a representative survey in two Australian states.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the prevalence and effects of distracting activities while driving.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional driver survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  New South Wales and Western Australia, Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  1347 licensed drivers aged between 18 and 65 years. Data were weighted to reflect the corresponding driving population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prevalence of distracting activities while driving; perceived risks and adverse outcomes due to distractions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common distracting activities during the most recent driving trip were lack of concentration (weighted percentage (standard error, SE) 71.8% (1.4%) of drivers); adjusting in-vehicle equipment (68.7% (1.5%)); outside people, objects or events (57.8% (1.6%)); and talking to passengers (39.8% (1.6%)). On average, a driver engaged in a distracting activity once every six minutes. One in five crashes (21%) during the last three years, involving one in 20 drivers (5.0% (0.7%)), was attributed to driver distraction based on self-report. In the population under study, this equated to 242,188 (SE 34,417) drivers. Younger drivers (18-30 years) were significantly more likely to report distracting activities, to perceive distracting activities as less dangerous, and to have crashed as a result.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Distracting activities while driving are common and can result in driving errors. Driver distraction is an important cause of crashes. Further research is needed to estimate the risk conferred by different distracting activities and the circumstances during which activities pose greatest risk. These results suggest that a strategy to minimize distracting activities while driving, with a focus on young drivers, is indicated.
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for International Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. smcevoy@thegeorgeinstitute.org
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: McEvoy
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Woodward
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001288:Attention; D001334:Automobile Driving; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009517:New South Wales; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014904:Western Australia