title: [Transesophageal echocardiography for non-cardiac surgery patients: superfluous luxury or essential diagnostic tool?].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The value of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in non-cardiac critically ill patients has barely been studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over a period of 4 years TEE was used prospectively to evaluate patients with acute hemodynamic instability in non-cardiac critically ill patients in addition to standard care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 363 TEE studies were performed in 339 selected patients. Volume depletion (169/47%) and regional wall motion abnormalities (97/27%) were the most frequent findings followed by global left ventricular dysfunction (79/22%). Of the TEE studies, 203 (56%) provided additional information with therapeutic relevance in 164 (45%) cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transesophageal echocardiography provides additional information in critically ill non-cardiac patients with unexplained hemodynamic instability. In the majority of cases a clinical diagnosis is confirmed or improvement of volume resuscitation and catecholamine therapy can be achieved. In the minority of patients the results of TEE lead to distinct changes in medical management. Whether this improved diagnostic accuracy favours outcome, still needs to be evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Zentrum Operative Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, and Klinik für Anästhesie und Operative Intensivmedizin, St. Franziskus Hospital, Münster. brederlau_j@klinik.uni-wuerzburg.de
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brederlau
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kredel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wurmb
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dirks
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schwemmer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Broscheit
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Roewer
authors.forename: C-A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Greim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D003422:Critical Care; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019990:Perioperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left