title: A measure of quality of life after abdominal surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a reliable and valid measure of short-term quality of life after abdominal surgery.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  A major limitation of clinical trials evaluating laparoscopic surgical procedures has been the lack of a measure of short-term quality of life after abdominal surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used existing health status measures, focus groups, and semi-structured patient interviews to generate a prototype questionnaire of 51 items, which was administered to patients within 2 weeks after an abdominal surgical procedure. We used structural equations modeling to reduce the number of items, retaining the three items with the highest factor loadings on each of the factors that accounted for one or more eigenvalue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We administered the prototype questionnaire to 500 patients (mean age [SD] 53.4 [16.0], 51.4% male, 73.0% inpatient) at a mean 4.1 days after an abdominal surgical procedure. Item reduction yielded an 18-item measure with 6 sub-scales. The final instrument demonstrated good model fit in relation to our hypothesized factors (root mean square error of approximation 0.085, goodness-of-fit index 0.89).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We developed a reliable and valid 18-item, 6-subscale measure of health-related quality of life after abdominal surgery, for use as an outcome measure in studies comparing laparoscopic and conventional abdominal surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. david.urbach@uhn.on.ca
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Urbach
authors.forename: Julie L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Harnish
authors.forename: Jodi Herold
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: McIlroy
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Streiner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires