title: Radiofrequency ablation of renal tumors: intermediate-term results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Needle ablative therapies are being offered to patients presenting with small renal masses, but long-term outcomes are currently unavailable. We report our intermediate-term results (1-4 years) after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of small (<4-cm) renal masses.
  
  
  METHODS
  At our institution, all renal tumors treated using RFA since May 2001 have been recorded in a prospective database. During this time, 94 tumors (mean size 2.4 cm; range 1-4.2 cm) in 78 patients were treated using a temperature-based RFA generator by either a percutaneous (59%) or a laparoscopic approach. The patients followed with imaging at 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months, and every 6 months thereafter. Only patients with at least 12 months of follow-up were eligible for this analysis; the mean follow-up was 25 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 89% of masses that were biopsied, 77% were renal-cell carcinomas (RCC), of which 66% were Fuhrman grade 1, 31% were grade 2, and 3% were grade 3. Three recurrences were noted, for an overall recurrence-free rate of 96.8%. In this patient population with numerous comorbid conditions, there were six deaths but only one related to renal cancer, for a cancer-specific survival rate of 98.5% and an overall survival rate of 92.3%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the intermediate term (1-4 years), the oncologic effectiveness of RFA appears comparable to that of traditional treatments offered for small renal masses. Further studies of larger numbers of patients with longer follow-up are needed.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Center of Minimally Invasive Urologic Cancer Treatment, Department of Urology, The University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9110, USA.
authors.forename: Sangtae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: J Kyle
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Edward D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Yair
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lotan
authors.forename: Shellie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Josephs
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cadeddu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000078702:Radiofrequency Therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome