Genetic polymorphisms in the MMP-1 and MMP-3 gene may contribute to chronic periodontitis in a Brazilian population.
OBJECTIVE
Matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -3 (MMP-1, MMP-3) represent proteinases that degrade macromolecules of the extracellular matrix. These enzymes play a fundamental role during destruction of periodontal tissues. Genetic polymorphisms were characterized in the promoter region of the MMP-1 and MMP-3 genes. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between these genetic variations with chronic periodontitis in a Brazilian population.


METHODS
Non-smoking subjects (n = 114) exhibiting sites > or = 5 mm clinical attachment loss were recruited for study. Control subjects (n = 109) should not exhibit clinical signals of periodontitis. MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G, -519 A/G) and MMP-3 (-1612 5A/6A) gene promoter polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-RFLP methods.


RESULTS
Analysis of polymorphisms showed no differences in distribution of the -1607 1G/2G and -519 A/G variants in the MMP-1 gene between the healthy and periodontitis group (p > 0.05). However, the distribution of genotype frequencies of the -1612 5A/6A polymorphism in the MMP-3 gene showed that the 5A/5A genotype was significantly more frequent in the periodontitis group (p = 0.008). The same was not observed in the 5A/6A genotype once only one 5A allele is carried. We also observed a trend to increase the frequency of the MMP-1/MMP-3 haplotype (2G/5A) in the periodontitis group (p = 0.08).


CONCLUSIONS
On the basis of the results, no significant association is found for the MMP-1 polymorphisms with susceptibility of periodontitis, while the MMP-3 gene polymorphism may contribute to periodontal tissue destruction during periodontitis in Brazilian subjects.
Astolfi
Claudia Maria
CM
Oral Biology Program, University of Sagrado, Coração-Bauru, SP, Brazil.
Shinohara
André Luís
AL
da Silva
Rodrigo Augusto
RA
Santos
Maria Cristina Leme Godoy
MC
Line
Sergio Roberto Peres
SR
de Souza
Ana Paula
AP
D000225:Adenine; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D001938:Brazil; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006147:Guanine; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000235:genetics*; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
D006147:Guanine; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; D000225:Adenine