title: Induction of glomerular heparanase expression in rats with adriamycin nephropathy is regulated by reactive oxygen species and the renin-angiotensin system.
abstract: Heparan sulfate (HS) in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) is important for regulation of the charge-dependent permeability. Heparanase has been implicated in HS degradation in several proteinuric diseases. This study analyzed the role of heparanase in HS degradation in Adriamycin nephropathy (AN), a model of chronic proteinuria-induced renal damage. Expression of heparanase, HS, and the core protein of agrin (to which HS is attached) was determined on kidney sections from rats with AN in different experiments. First, expression was examined in a model of unilateral AN in a time-course study at 6-wk intervals until week 30. Second, rats were treated with the hydroxyl radical scavenger dimethylthiourea (DMTU) during bilateral AN induction. Finally, 6 wk after AN induction, rats were treated with angiotensin II receptor type 1 antagonist (AT1A) or vehicle for 2 wk. Heparanase expression was increased in glomeruli of rats with AN, which correlated with HS reduction at all time points and in all experiments. Treatment with DMTU prevented the increased heparanase expression, the loss of GBM HS, and reduced albuminuria. Finally, treatment of established proteinuria with AT1A significantly reduced heparanase expression and restored glomerular HS. In conclusion, an association between heparanase expression and reduction of glomerular HS in AN was observed. The effects of DMTU suggest a role for reactive oxygen species in upregulation of heparanase. Antiproteinuric treatment by AT1A decreased heparanase expression and restored HS expression. These results suggest involvement of radicals and angiotensin II in the modulation of GBM permeability through HS and heparanase expression.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology (464), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Mabel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van den Hoven
authors.forename: Angelique
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rops
authors.forename: Tessa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wijnhoven
authors.forename: Lambert
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: van den Heuvel
authors.forename: Joost
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lensen
authors.forename: Toin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van Kuppevelt
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Goor
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van der Vlag
authors.forename: Gerjan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Navis
authors.forename: Jo H M
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Berden
mesh_terms: D018171:Agrin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000818:Animals; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000633:toxicity*; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D050533:Glomerular Basement Membrane / Q000201:enzymology*; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D009401:Nephrosis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000139:chemically induced*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000502:physiology*; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D013890:Thiourea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000099175:Heparanase
chemical_list: D018171:Agrin; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D004317:Doxorubicin; D005966:Glucuronidase; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D007093:Imidazoles; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013777:Tetrazoles; D013890:Thiourea; D000099175:Heparanase; C070967:L 158809; C038983:1,3-dimethylthiourea