title: [Effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligand troglitazone on colon cancer cell growth].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) in colon cancer cell lines and the effects of PPARgamma activation by its ligand troglitazone on cell growth in SW-480 cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  PPARgamma expression was detected in Lovo, HT-29 and SW-480 cells using western blot. The effects of PPARgamma activation by its ligand troglitazone (TGZ) and selective antagonist T0070907 on cell growth were assessed by MTT and cell count methods; apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Western blot result revealed that PPARgamma protein was highly expressed in Lovo and HT-29 cells and there was relatively lower expression in SW-480 cells. Cell count method and MTT revealed that activation of SW-480 cells with TGZ resulted in inhibition of growth in a dose dependent manner. The effect of anti-proliferation increased with increasing doses of TGZ. Rates of growth inhibition were 3.3%, 8.3%, 25%, and 29% for different doses 5, 10, 20 and 25 micromol/L respectively. Flow cytometry method detected apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. When the concentration of TGZ was less than 15 micromol/L , the apoptotic effect was found to be weak. The apoptotic effect was prominent when the concentration exceeded 20 micromol/L. Cell count method revealed that selective antagonist of PPARgamma stimulated cell growth of SW-480 cells in a dose dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PPARgamma is expressed in colon cancer cells. Activation of PPARgamma by its ligands in colon cells has potent anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects, suggesting that PPARgamma activation by its ligands may provide therapeutic value for colorectal cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijinga100034, China.
authors.forename: Kamal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koirala
authors.forename: Yuan-lian
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Yu-cun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Chun-lei
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Huan-nian
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hui-yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002839:Chromans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077288:Troglitazone
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D002839:Chromans; D008024:Ligands; D047495:PPAR gamma; D011725:Pyridines; C458508:T 0070907; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077288:Troglitazone