title: Effects of lower limb intensive mass practice in poststroke patients: single-subject experimental design with long-term follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of two weeks of intensive mass practice with a constraint-induced movement therapy approach for the lower extremity in five chronic poststroke patients, and the persistence of effects at three and six months.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single-subject experimental design (SSED) was used with an AB design and follow-ups three and six months later.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient rehabilitation at Torsby Hospital in Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  Motor function in lower extremity, mobility, dynamic balance, weight-bearing symmetry and walking ability were measured on six occasions during two weeks (A phase), with the Fugl-Meyer assessment for lower extremity, the Timed Up and Go, the Step Test, the Timed Walking Test and the Six-Minute Walk Test. During the intervention's B phase, six measurements were performed with the same time intervals as in the A phase. There were follow-ups three and six months later.
  
  
  METHODS
  The intervention (B phase) consisted of bicycling, training in water, strength training, standing weight-bearing, walking up and down stairs, walking indoors and outdoors and flexibility training of the lower extremity, on all weekdays, 6 h a day for two weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed improvements in 23/30 variables (77%), 12 of them statistically significant (52%). At follow-up, 22/23 improvements persisted. For example, three of five subjects walked significantly further after the intervention and the follow-ups showed that they still walked further than before the intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intensive mass practice with constraint-induced movement therapy for the lower extremity can improve motor function, mobility, dynamic balance, weight-bearing symmetry and walking ability in chronic poststroke patients. Long-term follow-up showed that the effects persisted for these five subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Torsby Hospital, Box 502, SE-685 29 Torsby, Sweden. ingela.marklund@liv.se
authors.forename: Ingela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marklund
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klässbo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010291:Paresis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation