title: A novel indoloquinoline derivative, IQDMA, induces S-phase arrest and apoptosis in promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells.
abstract: N'-(11H-indolo[3,2-c]quinolin-6-yl)-N,N-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine (IQDMA), an indoloquinoline compound, was identified in our laboratory as a novel antineoplastic agent with a broad spectrum of antitumor activity against many human cancer cells. Cell cycle analysis showed S-phase arrest and induction of apoptosis in HL-60 cells following 24 h exposure to IQDMA. Analysis of the cell cycle regulatory proteins demonstrated that IQDMA did not change the steady-state levels of cyclin B1, cyclin D3, and p21, but decreased the protein levels of Cdk1, Cdk2, and cyclin A. IQDMA also caused a marked increase in apoptosis, which was accompanied by increased levels of Bax, activated caspase-3, -8, and -9, and cleaved PARP. These molecular alterations provide an insight into IQDMA-caused growth inhibition, S-phase arrest, and apoptotic death of HL-60 cells.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 807, ROC.
authors.forename: Xiu-Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Ching-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: Sheng-Huei
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yi-Hsiung
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chih-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Yeh-Long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shinne-Ren
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D045563:Indolequinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D016196:S Phase / Q000187:drug effects*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D045563:Indolequinones; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D020169:Caspases