title: [Effects of greater-than-5% weight reduction on hemodynamic, metabolic and neuroendocrine profiles of grade I obese subjects].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of a greater-than-5% weight reduction in hemodynamic, metabolic, and neuroendocrine profiles of grade I obese subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational study with 47 grade I obese subjects, with mean age of 33 years who received monthly orientation regarding diet, physical exercises, and eating behavior for four months. Blood pressure using the auscultatory method and pulse rate were assessed monthly, whereas the following variables (and respective methods) were measured at the beginning and at the end of the study: total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol (enzymatic method), LDL-cholesterol (Friedewald formula), blood glucose (hexokinase method), leptin, adiponectin, renin, aldosterone, insulin (radioimmunoassay) and insulin-resistance index (HOMA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for other variables, significant reductions of 6 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure, 7 pg/ml in renin, 13 mg/dl in total cholesterol and 12 mg/dl in LDL-cholesterol were observed in the greater-than-5% weight reduction group. Also, a tendency to a higher increase in adiponectin levels by the end of the study, as well as a three-fold higher reduction in blood glucose, insulin, and HOMA levels, and a six-fold higher reduction in leptin levels were observed in this group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-pharmacological measures that promote a greater-than-5% weight reduction produce hemodynamic, metabolic, and neuroendocrine effects that improve the cardiovascular risk of obese subjects.
authors.affiliation: Clínica de Hipertensão, Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, CLINEX, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ.
authors.forename: Kelly Biancardini Gomes
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Barbato
authors.forename: Rita de Cássia Vieira
authors.initials: Rde C
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Maria de Lourdes Guimarães
authors.initials: Mde L
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: José Ueleres
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Braga
authors.forename: Emílio Antonio
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Francischetti
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Genelhu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D012083:Renin