title: Medium components and culture conditions affect the thermotolerance of aerial conidia of fungal biocontrol agent Beauveria bassiana.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To produce more thermotolerable conidia of Beauveria bassiana, a well-known fungal biocontrol agent, by optimizing the medium components and culture conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The conidia produced on media including 0.5-6% glucose, sucrose or starch as carbon source and 50-300-microg ml(-1) Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+ or Fe3+ as additive to Sabouraud dextrose medium at 15-30 degrees C, pH 4-8 or KCl-adjusted water availabilities were exposed to 30-min wet heat stress at 48 degrees C. The medium components for conidial production with greatly enhanced thermotolerance included 4% glucose as optimum or 1% starch as alternative for the carbon source and < or =50-microg ml(-1) Mn2+ for the metal additive. The culture conditions were optimized as 25 degrees C and pH 5-6. Conidial thermotolerance decreased remarkably when sucrose and Fe3+ or Cu2+ were used in the cultures, but altered slightly when 50-200-microg ml(-1) Zn2+ were included.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The tolerance of B. bassiana conidia to the thermal stress was significantly affected by the medium composition and culture conditions under which the conidia were produced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Proper treatment of small grains as mass production substrates for more glucose release and supplement of glucose or 50-microg ml(-1) Mn2+ are possible means to enhancing conidial thermotolerance and field persistence for improved insect control.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: S-H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.forename: M-G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018869:Heat-Shock Response / Q000187:drug effects*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006999:Hypocreales / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D003470:Culture Media; D008670:Metals; D014867:Water; D002244:Carbon