title: Phytophthora polonica, a new species isolated from declining Alnus glutinosa stands in Poland.
abstract: In a survey of Phytophthora associated with alder decline in Poland, several isolates of a homothallic Phytophthora sp., which could not be assigned to other taxa including Phytophthora alni subspecies, were consistently recovered from rhizosphere soil samples. Their morphology and pathogenicity, as well as sequence data for three nuclear regions (internal transcribed spacer rDNA, elongation factor-1alpha and beta-tubulin) and a coding mitochondrial DNA region (nadh1), were examined. The new Phytophthora species is characterized by the moderate to slow growth rate of its colony in carrot agar at 20 degrees C, high optimal (c. 30 degrees C) and maximum (c. 38 degrees C) growth temperatures, formation of catenulate, often lateral, hyphal swellings, large chlamydospores in agar media and in soil extract, persistent, ovoid to ellipsoid nonpapillate sporangia and large oogonia with paragynous and sometimes amphigynous antheridia. Phytophthora polonica was slightly pathogenic to alder twigs and not pathogenic to trunks of several tree species. In a phylogenetic analysis using either Bayesian inference or maximum likelihood methods, P. polonica falls in clade 8 'sensu Kroon et al. (2004)' of Phytophthora.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Applied Genetics, School of Engineering of Lullier, University of Applied Sciences of Western Switzerland, Jussy, Switzerland. lassaad.belbahri@etat.ge.ch
authors.forename: Lassaad
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Belbahri
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moralejo
authors.forename: Gautier
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Calmin
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oszako
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Descals
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lefort
mesh_terms: D029661:Alnus / Q000382:microbiology*; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D010838:Phytophthora / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D011044:Poland; D029963:Quercus / Q000382:microbiology; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014404:Tubulin / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1; D014404:Tubulin; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I