title: Enhancing diatom growth by using zeolites to change seawater composition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to test whether two zeolites produced synthetically (products of zeolitic nature, PZN) could influence either the yield of a diatom culture or the chemical changes in the cultures. For this purpose, Phaeodactylum tricornutum was used as test organism in a culture medium of natural seawater enriched with N and P having negligible amounts of ammonia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PZN ZEBEN-06 and ZESTEC-56 were used in parallel experiments. The composition of trace metals and organic compounds with chelate activity in the culture media, were determined by anodic or cathodic stripping voltammetry. The impact of leaching silicon on the algal yield was evaluated by comparing the growth in the presence or absence of PZN, in seawater enriched or not-enriched with silicon.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both PZN significantly promoted the algal yield even in the absence of added silicon, a limiting nutrient for diatom growth. The PZN acted as a silicon buffer while providing a source of silicon required for growth. In addition, PZN released into the seawater small but significant amounts of the limiting micro-nutrient manganese (its concentration doubled during the experiments), while simultaneously removing relatively high quantities of zinc from the seawater. The presence of PZN inhibited the releasing of chelated compounds. These changes (sorption/desorption) caused by the PZN in the concentrations in the solutions used as culture media of P. tricornutum were probably responsible for the differences in both the diatom growth and exudation observed in the tested cultures.
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fachini
authors.forename: Maria Teresa S D
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D017756:Aquaculture; D017377:Diatoms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D008345:Manganese / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*; D012825:Silicon / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D017641:Zeolites / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017641:Zeolites; D010758:Phosphorus; D008345:Manganese; D015032:Zinc; D009584:Nitrogen; D012825:Silicon