title: Grafting an acellular 3-dimensional collagen scaffold onto a non-transmural infarcted myocardium induces neo-angiogenesis and reduces cardiac remodeling.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was designed to determine whether tissue engineering could be used to reduce ventricular remodeling in a rat model of non-transmural, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  We grafted an acellular 3-dimensional (3D) collagen type 1 scaffold (solid porous foam) onto infarcted myocardium in rats. Three weeks after grafting, the scaffold was integrated into the myocardium and retarded cardiac remodeling by reducing left ventricular (LV) dilation. The LV inner and outer diameters, measured at the equator at zero LV pressure, decreased (p < 0.05) from 11,040 +/- 212 to 9,144 +/- 135 microm, and 13,469 +/- 187 to 11,673 +/- 104 microm (N = 12), after scaffold transplantation onto infarcted myocardium. The scaffold also shifted the LV pressure-volume curve to the left toward control and induced neo-angiogenesis (700 +/- 25 vs 75 +/- 11 neo-vessels/cm2, N = 5, p < 0.05). These vessels (75 +/- 11%) ranged in diameter from 25 to 100 microm and connected to the native coronary vasculature. Systemic treatment with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), 50 microg/kg/day for 5 days immediately after myocardial injury, increased (p < 0.05) neo-vascular density from 700 +/- 25 to 978 +/- 57 neo-vessels/cm2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 3D collagen type 1 scaffold grafted onto an injured myocardium induced neo-vessel formation and reduced LV remodeling. Treatment with G-CSF further increased the number of vessels in the myocardium, possibly due to mobilization of bone marrow cells.
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiology, University of Arizona Sarver Heart Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gaballa
authors.forename: Julia N E
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Sunkomat
authors.forename: Hoang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thai
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morkin
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ewy
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goldman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D024042:Collagen Type I; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000601:surgery*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I