Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor promotes olfactory ensheathing cells migration.
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are a unique type of macroglia with axonal growth-promoting properties. The migrating ability of OECs in CNS is essential for neural regeneration. However, little is known about the extracellular and intracellular factors that regulate OEC migration. In the present study, we examined the effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on OECs migration. Initially, the "scratch" migration assay, Boyden chamber assay, and explant migration assay showed that GDNF could promote OECs migration in vitro. Treatment of OECs with GDNF also induced cytoskeleton reorganization and up-regulated expression of cytoskeleton proteins. GDNF-induced OECs migration was demonstrated depending on GFRalpha-1 and Ret receptor, and activation of JNK and Src signaling cascades. Furthermore, GDNF was found to promote implanted OECs migration in a spinal cord hemisection injury model. Together, we report, to our knowledge for the first time, that GDNF stimulate OECs migration in vitro and in vivo.
Cao
Li
L
Department of Neurobiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
Su
Zhida
Z
Zhou
Qiang
Q
Lv
Baolai
B
Liu
Xiujie
X
Jiao
Li
L
Li
Zhihua
Z
Zhu
Yanling
Y
Huang
Zhihui
Z
Huang
Aijun
A
He
Cheng
C
D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051097:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D051096:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; C494989:Gfra1 protein, rat; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D051097:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors; D051096:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases