title: Compensator-based intensity-modulated radiotherapy in head and neck cancer: our experience in achieving dosimetric parameters and their clinical correlation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the Batra Hospital and Medical Research Centre experience of using compensator-based intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) to treat head and neck cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 2003 and August 2004, 18 patients underwent IMRT for head and neck cancer at our institution. IMRT was delivered using partial transmission high-resolution compensator blocks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With a median follow-up of 13.3 months, two patients had residual disease and two failed in the gross tumour volume (GTV). The complete response rate after surgical salvage was 94.5%. Both the locoregional relapse-free and disease-free survival rates were 81.8%. The target coverage in terms of average maximum, mean and minimum dose (in Gy) delivered was 78.6, 73.5 and 58.4 to the GTV-planning target volume, 82.3, 70.9 and 47.3 to clinical target volume 1 (CTV1) and 82.9, 66.2 and 29.6 to CTV2. The dose constraint of 30 Gy to less than 50% of the contralateral parotid volume was achieved in 12 (66.7%) patients. If the dose constraint was revised to 35 Gy, at least 50% of the parotid volume was spared in 17 (94.5%) patients. On average, 75% of the contralateral parotid volume received a dose less than 35 Gy in 13 (72.3%) patients with grade I xerostomia, whereas this was 49.3% in five (27.7%) patients with grade II xerostomia, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our initial experience, compensator-based IMRT is feasible with regard to target coverage and parotid volume sparing. The parotid volume dose has significant clinical implications on the grade of xerostomia. Our results invoke rethinking into the issues of the parotid volume dose constraint in our subpopulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Batra Hospital and Medical Research Centre, New Delhi, India. sapna_nangia@hotmail.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nangia
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Chufal
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Arivazhagan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Srinivas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tyagi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ghosh
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000601:surgery; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014987:Xerostomia / Q000209:etiology