title: In vivo characterization and quantification of atherosclerotic carotid plaque components with multidetector computed tomography and histopathological correlation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In a previous in vitro study we have demonstrated that atherosclerotic plaque components can be characterized with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) based on differences in Hounsfield values (HV). Now we evaluated the use of MDCT in vivo to characterize and quantify atherosclerotic carotid plaque components compared with histology as reference standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen symptomatic patients with carotid stenosis (>70%) underwent MDCT angiography before carotid endarterectomy (CEA). From each CEA specimen 3 histological sections and corresponding MDCT images were selected. The HV of the major plaque components were assessed. The measured HV were: 657+/-416HU, 88+/-18HU, and 25+/-19HU for calcifications, fibrous tissue, and lipid core, respectively. The cut-off value to differentiate lipid core from fibrous tissue and fibrous tissue from calcifications was based on these measurements and set at 60 HU and 130 HU, respectively. Regression plots showed good correlations (R2>0.73) between MDCT and histology except for lipid core areas, which had a good correlation (R2=0.77) only in mildly calcified (0% to 10%) plaques.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MDCT is able to quantify total plaque area, calcifications, and fibrous tissue in atherosclerotic carotid plaques in good correlation with histology. Lipid core can only be adequately quantified in mildly calcified plaques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Thomas T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: de Weert
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ouhlous
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meijering
authors.forename: Pieter E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Zondervan
authors.forename: Johanna M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.forename: Marc R H M
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: van Sambeek
authors.forename: Diederik W J
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Dippel
authors.forename: Aad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van der Lugt
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D002537:Intracranial Arteriosclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods