title: On estimating treatment effects under non-compliance in randomized clinical trials: are intent-to-treat or instrumental variables analyses perfect solutions?
abstract: In this report, we compared four estimators (intent-to-treat, as treated, per protocol, and instrumental variables estimators) that are conventionally considered for treatment effect estimation by simulation under different non-compliance scenarios in typical clinical trial settings. We found that intent-to-treat and instrumental variables estimators are not perfect and can be problematic in some situations although these two estimators carry desirable properties as we assume.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA. heb2013@med.cornell.edu
authors.forename: Heejung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: Clarence E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States