title: Clonality and antimicrobial resistance gene profiles of multidrug- resistant Salmonella enterica serovar infantis isolates from four public hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
abstract: In Brazil, Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis resistant to various antimicrobials, including cephalosporins, has been identified as an etiological agent of severe gastroenteritis in hospitalized children since 1994. In this study, 35 serovar Infantis strains, isolated from children admitted to four different Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, hospitals between 1996 and 2001, were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in order to determine their genetic relatedness and antimicrobial resistance profiles. Thirty-four serovar Infantis strains were resistant to at least two antibiotic classes, and all 35 strains were susceptible to fluoroquinolones, cephamycin, and carbapenem. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) screening by double-disk diffusion indicated that 32 serovar Infantis strains (91.4%) produced beta-lactamases that were inhibited by clavulanic acid. Antimicrobial resistance gene profiles were determined by PCR for a subset of 11 multidrug-resistant serovar Infantis strains, and putative ESBLs were detected by isoelectric focusing. Ten serovar Infantis strains carried bla(TEM), catI, ant(3")Ia and/or ant(3")Ib, sulI and/or sulII, and tet(D) genes as well as an integron-associated aac(6')-Iq cassette. Eight strains possessed at least four different beta-lactamases with pI profiles that confirmed the presence of both ESBLs and non-ESBLs. Our PFGE profiles indicated that 33 serovar Infantis strains isolated from Rio de Janeiro hospitals came from the same genetic lineage.
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology Department, Oswaldo Cruz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: O L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Mykytczuk
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Asensi
authors.forename: E M F
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Ferraz
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Paula
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D019818:Clavulanic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000382:microbiology*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007297:Inpatients; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D065093:beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D065093:beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; D019818:Clavulanic Acid; D001618:beta-Lactamases