title: [S-1 as a single agent for colorectal cancer].
abstract: Chemotherapy for colorectal cancer is now improving rapidly due to new drugs like oxaliplatin and molecular targeting drugs. The key drug, however, is still 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). S-1 is an oral 5-FU anti-tumor drug that combines three pharmacological agents: tegafur, 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine, which inhibits dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity, and potassium oxonate, which reduces gastrointestinal toxicity. The results of the phase II study suggested that S-1 as a single agent was active against metastatic colorectal cancer: CR rate was 36-40% and MST was about one-year. Toxicity was all tolerable. Clinical trials of S-1 with oxaliplatin or CPT-11 combination chemotherapy are ongoing in Japan. S-1 with molecular targeting drugs will also be studied. Therefore, S-1 is expected to play an important part in chemotherapy for colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eguchi
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirao
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000855:Anorexia / Q000139:chemically induced; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D010094:Oxonic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015996:Survival Rate; D005641:Tegafur / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D004338:Drug Combinations; C079198:S 1 (combination); D005641:Tegafur; D010094:Oxonic Acid; D000077146:Irinotecan; D005472:Fluorouracil; D002166:Camptothecin