title: Protective effects of N-acetylcysteine on brain-dead rat liver.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Brain-dead donors have been the main sources in organ transplantation. But many studies show that brain-death affects the organ's function after transplantation. This study was undertaken to investigate liver injury after brain-death in rats and the protective effects of N-acetyleysteine (NAC) on liver injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 30 Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups: normal control group (C), brain-dead group (B), and NAC pretreatment group (N). At 4 hours after the establishment of a brain-dead model, serum was collected to determine the levels of ALT, AST, TNF-alpha and hyaluronic acid (HA). Hepatic tissue was obtained for electron microscopic examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 4 hours, the levels of ALT, AST, TNF-alpha, and HA in group N were significantly higher than those in group C, but these parameters were significantly lower than those in group B. Electron microscopy showed activated Kupffer cells, denuded sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs), and widened fenestration in group B, but eliminated activation of Kupffer cells and intact SECs in group N.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brain death can cause liver injury, and N-acetyleysteine can protect the liver from the injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China. zhangshuijun@medmail.com.cn
authors.forename: Shui-Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ting-Wu
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Xiu-Xian
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jian-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gou
authors.forename: Ji-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Wen-Zhi
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001926:Brain Death; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000111:Acetylcysteine