title: Large-sized hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): a neoadjuvant treatment protocol with repetitive transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) before percutaneous MR-guided laser-induced thermotherapy (LITT).
abstract: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a neoadjuvant treatment protocol with repeated transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) before MR-guided laser-induced thermotherapy (LITT) for large-sized hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). Repeated TACE (mean, 3.5 treatments per patient) was performed in 48 patients with neoadjuvant intention (the largest lesion was between 50 and 80 mm in diameter, and there were no more than five lesions). For the TACE treatment, we used 10 mg/m(2) mitomycin, 10 ml/m(2) Lipiodol and microspheres. The tumor volume was measured by MRI. Lipiodol retention of the tumors was evaluated with CT. After the diameter of the tumors had decreased to less than 50 mm, the patients were treated with MR-guided LITT 4 to 6 weeks after embolization. Repeated TACE reduced the tumor size in 32 patients (66.7%), forming the basis for performing MR-guided LITT procedures. These patients received one to four laser treatments (mean, 1.9 per patient) for tumor ablation, resulting in a median survival of 36.0 months after the first treatment. For the remaining patients, no reduction in tumor size was achieved in 12 patients and disease progression in 4 patients. Neoadjuvant TACE appears to be an effective treatment of large-sized HCC, which extends the indication for MR-guided LITT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany. Zangos@em.uni.frankfurt.de
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zangos
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eichler
authors.forename: Jörn O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Balzer
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Straub
authors.forename: Renate
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hammerstingl
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herzog
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lehnert
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thalhammer
authors.forename: Martin G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mack
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Vogl
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D003287:Contrast Media; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D007459:Iodized Oil; D007834:Lasers; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D003287:Contrast Media; D016685:Mitomycin; D007459:Iodized Oil