title: Detection of cerebral degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using high-field magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinical assessment is insensitive to the degree of cerebral involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Regional brain concentrations N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAA) plus myo-inositol (Ins), as measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy, are respectively decreased and increased, suggesting that these compounds may provide a biomarker of the degree of cerebral involvement in ALS.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that the NAA/Ins ratio may provide an index of cerebral involvement in patients with ALS.
  
  
  METHODS
  High-field (3.0-T) magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed to determine the NAA/creatine plus phosphocreatine (NAA/Cr), NAA/choline (NAA/Cho), Ins/Cr, and NAA/Ins ratios in the motor cortex.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients with ALS and 15 healthy control subjects were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with ALS, the greatest abnormality was a 22% decrease in NAA/Ins (71% sensitivity and 93% specificity, P = .001); Ins/Cr was increased 18% (88% sensitivity and 53% specificity, P = .04), NAA/Cr was decreased 10% (88% sensitivity and 47% specificity, P = .04), and NAA/Cho was decreased 14% (53% sensitivity and 87% specificity, P = .047). Correlation of the ALS Functional Rating Scale with NAA/Ins approached statistical significance (R = 0.43, P = .07).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The NAA/Ins ratio may provide a meaningful biomarker in ALS given its optimal sensitivity and specificity profile.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Walter C. Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, 8440 112th Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. sanjay.kalra@ualberta.ca
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalra
authors.forename: Christopher C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hanstock
authors.forename: W R Wayne
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Wendy S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Johnston
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D004151:Dipeptides; C027172:isospaglumic acid