title: Low-dose rate prostate brachytherapy is well tolerated in patients with a history of inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report on the follow-up of 24 patients with a prior history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with brachytherapy for early-stage prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four patients with a history of inflammatory bowel disease (17 with ulcerative colitis (UC), 7 with Crohn's disease [CD]) underwent prostate brachytherapy between 1992 and 2004. Fifteen patients were treated with I-125 implantation and 6 patients were treated with Pd-103 alone or in combination with 45 Gy external beam radiation. Charts were reviewed for all patients, and all living patients were contacted by phone. National Cancer Institute common toxicity scores for proctitis were assigned to all patients. Actuarial risk of late toxicity was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 126 months (median, 48.5 months; mean, 56.8 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the patients experienced Grade 3 or 4 rectal toxicity. Four patients experienced Grade 2 late rectal toxicity. The 5-year actuarial freedom from developing late Grade 2 rectal toxicity was 81%. At a median follow-up of 48.5 months, 23 patients were alive and had no evidence of disease with a median prostate-specific antigen for the sample of 0.1 ng/mL (range, <0.05-0.88 ng/mL). One patient died of other causes unrelated to his prostate cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prostate brachytherapy is well tolerated in patients with a history of controlled IBD. Therefore, brachytherapy should be considered a viable therapeutic option in this patient population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA. christopher.peters@mountsinai.org
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: Jamie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cesaretti
authors.forename: Nelson N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Richard G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Stock
mesh_terms: D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy; D012007:Rectum / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen