title: D1 and D2 receptor antagonist injections in the prefrontal cortex selectively impair spatial learning in mice.
abstract: The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a cortical area involved in selecting and retaining information to produce complex behaviors. Within the PFC, the dopaminergic system plays an important role in information processing. Thus, the objective of this study was to test whether bilateral administration of the D1 and D2 receptor antagonists in the prelimbic region of the PFC influenced the performance of mice in a non-associative spatial learning task. CD1 mice were bilaterally microinjected in the PFC with either the D1 receptor antagonist, SCH23390 (SCH 6.25; 12.5; 50 ng), or the D2 receptor antagonist, sulpiride (SULP 12.5; 50; 100 ng) and placed into an open field containing five different objects. After three sessions of habituation two objects were repositioned (spatial change) and in the subsequent session one of the objects was substituted (non-spatial change). No significant alteration was observed in the habituation pattern of the animals after D1 or D2 receptor blockade. When two of the objects were displaced, control mice explored the displaced objects far more than the non-displaced ones, while mice treated with SCH or SULP spent a comparable amount of time re-exploring the two object categories. Conversely, DA antagonists had no effects on the discrimination of the new object. Thus, the administration of both SCH and SULP selectively impaired the ability of mice to discriminate a spatial change, without affecting any other behavioral parameter. These findings could provide a model to study the role of the PFC dopaminergic system in spatial learning and to study the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive and attention deficits often observed in psychiatric disorders.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Genetica e Biologia Molecolare, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mandillo
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oliverio
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mele
mesh_terms: D000344:Afferent Pathways / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065127:Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D006185:Habituation, Psychophysiologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D013028:Space Perception / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013469:Sulpiride / Q000494:pharmacology; D017557:Ventral Tegmental Area / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D001552:Benzazepines; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D065127:Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D013469:Sulpiride; D004298:Dopamine