title: Elevations in IL-10, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma from the earliest point of HIV Type 1 infection.
abstract: Perturbations of plasma IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma were measured longitudinally in HIV-1 seroconverting plasma donors and were compared to subjects with symptomatic primary HIV-1 infection. Control groups included uninfected patients with symptoms and risks for primary HIV-1, healthy controls, and asymptomatic plasma donors with primary HCV. IL-10, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma rapidly rose in acute HIV-1 infection, while IL-13 predominated in acute HCV. Subjects with symptomatic primary HIV-1 had higher cytokine levels than asymptomatic subjects, statistically significant for TNF-alpha. Cytokine alterations occurred within 7 days of detectable HIV-1 viremia, emphasizing the need to study the earliest events of infection.
authors.affiliation: Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California 94118, USA. pnorris@bloodsystem.org
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.forename: Brandee L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Pappalardo
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Custer
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spotts
authors.forename: Frederick M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Hecht
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Busch
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001782:Blood Donors; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010956:Plasmapheresis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha