title: Metabolism and disposition of vatalanib (PTK787/ZK-222584) in cancer patients.
abstract: Vatalanib (PTK787/ZK-222584) is a new oral antiangiogenic molecule that inhibits all known vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Vatalanib is under investigation for the treatment of solid tumors. Disposition and biotransformation of vatalanib were studied in an open-label, single-center study in patients with advanced cancer. Seven patients were given a single oral (14)C-radiolabeled dose of 1,000 mg of vatalanib administered at steady state, obtained after 14 consecutive daily oral doses of 1,000 mg of nonradiolabeled vatalanib. Plasma, urine, and feces were analyzed for radioactivity, vatalanib, and its metabolites. Metabolite patterns were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to radioactivity detection with off-line microplate solid scintillation counting and characterized by LC-MS. Vatalanib was well tolerated. The majority of adverse effects corresponded to common toxicity criteria grade 1 or 2. Two patients had stable disease for at least 7 months. Plasma C(max) values of (14)C radioactivity (38.3 +/- 26.0 microM; mean +/- S.D., n = 7) and vatalanib (15.8 +/- 9.5 microM) were reached after 2 and 1.5 h (median), respectively, indicating rapid onset of absorption. Terminal elimination half-lives in plasma were 23.4 +/- 5.5 h for (14)C radioactivity and 4.6 +/- 1.1 h for vatalanib. Vatalanib cleared mainly through oxidative metabolism. Two pharmacologically inactive metabolites, CGP-84368/ZK-260120 [(4-chlorophenyl)-[4-(1-oxy-pyridin-4-yl-methyl)-phthalazin-1-yl]-amine] and NVP-AAW378/ZK-261557 [rac-4-[(4-chloro-phenyl)amino]-alpha-(1-oxido-4-pyridyl)phthalazine-1-methanol], having systemic exposure comparable to that of vatalanib, contributed mainly to the total systemic exposure. Vatalanib and its metabolites were excreted rapidly and mainly via the biliary-fecal route. Excretion of radioactivity was largely complete, with a radiocarbon recovery between 67% and 96% of dose within 7 days (42-74% in feces, 13-29% in urine).
authors.affiliation: Kantonsspital Bruderholz, Oncology Department, Bruderholz, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Lorenz M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Jost
authors.forename: Hans-Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Gschwind
authors.forename: Tarja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jalava
authors.forename: Yongyu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guenther
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Souppart
authors.forename: Antje
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rottmann
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Denner
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Waldmeier
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Masson
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Laurent
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D050216:Metabolic Detoxication, Phase I; D008875:Middle Aged; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D010793:Phthalazines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011725:Pyridines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D010793:Phthalazines; D011725:Pyridines; C404768:vatalanib