title: The resistance to depressive relapse in menopausal women undergoing tryptophan depletion: preliminary findings.
abstract: Changes in neuroendocrine function may predispose menopausal women to psychological disturbances characterized by depressed mood, anxiety, irritability, fatigue, insomnia, forgetfulness and decline in libido. The acute tryptophan depletion paradigm was employed to examine the serotonergic contribution to mood and cognitive function in menopausal women who were within 4 weeks of recovery from an episode of major depression. Menopausal women whose depression was responsive to treatment with oestradiol, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine, or a combination of both treatments underwent assessment of mood and verbal memory on active tryptophan depLetion and sham depletion test days. Although performance on the delayed paragraph recall subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale was impaired by tryptophan depletion, no subjects experienced a relapse of depression or a significant worsening of mood. Results from this pilot study indicate that menopausal women who have recently recovered from a major depressive episode do not experience a worsening of mood with acute tryptophan depletion, despite the existence in this sample of some known risk factors for depressive relapse as a result of these procedures. While preliminary, the results suggest that serotonin may be less critical to the pathogenesis of depression during the menopause.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. Neill.Epperson@yale.edu
authors.forename: C Neill
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Epperson
authors.forename: Zenab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.forename: Frederick
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Naftolin
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cappiello
authors.forename: Kathryn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Czarkowski
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stiklus
authors.forename: George M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Krystal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004958:Estradiol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012701:Serotonin / Q000502:physiology*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency*
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol; D005473:Fluoxetine; D012701:Serotonin; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; D014364:Tryptophan