title: PRINS for mapping single-copy genes.
abstract: Primed in situ labeling (PRINS) is a sensitive and specific method that can be used for the localization of single copy genes and sequences too small for detection by conventional fluorescence in situ hybridization. By the use of PRINS, the human SRY gene was localized to Yp11.31-p11.32 and the SOX3 gene to Xq26-q27. In other studies, we localized specific deletions of RBM and DAZ, candidate genes for AZF (azoospermia factor) to proximal Yq11.2, the AZF region, in an infertile male. Locus-specific oligonucleotide probes (PRINS primers) were annealed to chromosomal DNA in situ and extended on preparations fixed on glass slides in the presence of dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP, biotin-16-dUTP, and Taq DNA polymerase. After addition of avidin-conjugated fluorophore, signals were visualized by fluorescence microscopy in metaphase spreads from patients and controls. With further development, the PRINS method may prove useful for localization of single-copy genes, in general, and for the detection of gene deletions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Avirachan T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Tharapel
authors.forename: Stephen S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wachtel
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X / Q000235:genetics; D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D000075364:Deleted in Azoospermia 1 Protein; D005260:Female; D018628:Gene Dosage; D024282:Genes, sry; D056426:Genetic Loci; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes / Q000235:genetics; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000235:genetics; D020401:Primed In Situ Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors; D029589:Seminal Plasma Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C095668:DAZ1 protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000075364:Deleted in Azoospermia 1 Protein; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; C501499:RBMY1A1 protein, human; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C527785:SOX3 protein, human; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors; D029589:Seminal Plasma Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors