title: Abnormal modulation of cholinergic neurotransmission by endomorphin 1 and endomorphin 2 in isolated bronchus of type 1 diabetic rats.
abstract: To assess whether diabetes alters the regulatory effects of mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists on the cholinergic bronchoconstriction, we investigated the inhibitory effects of endomorphins (EMs) on the electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced cholinergic bronchoconstriction in type 1 diabetic rats. At 4 weeks after the onset of diabetes, both the EFS- and exogenous acetylcholine (ACh)-induced bronchoconstriction in diabetes in vitro were greater than those in non-diabetes rats. Furthermore, endomorphin 1 (EM1) and endomorphin 2 (EM2) inhibited the response to EFS in diabetic rat isolated bronchus in a concentration- and frequency-dependent manner, which is in agreement with that in non-diabetes. However, the inhibitory effects of EMs on the EFS-induced bronchoconstriction in diabetes were significantly weaker than those in non-diabetes. Both EM1 and EM2 (1 microM) had no effect on the contractile response to exogenous ACh, indicating a prejunctional effect. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect on the EFS-induced bronchoconstriction was blocked by naloxone (10 microM). Eight weeks after the induction of diabetes, both the EFS- and exogenous ACh-induced bronchoconstrictions in diabetes were further enhanced compared to those in short-time (4 weeks) diabetic rats. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of EMs on the EFS-induced bronchoconstriction were further attenuated. These results suggest that dysfunction of presynaptic inhibitory modulation through opioid receptor by EMs may take place in the bronchus of diabetic rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, 222 Tian Shui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Ying-Zhe
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001980:Bronchi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism*; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D008297:Male; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009842:Oligopeptides; C105293:endomorphin 1; C105294:endomorphin 2; D000109:Acetylcholine