title: [Botulism in cattle].
abstract: Botulism is an intoxication caused by ingestion of feed or water contaminated with the toxin of Clostridium botulinum. In cattle, intoxication usually results from the ingestion of feed containing preformed type C or D toxin, either in feed which has been contaminated with toxin-containing carcasses or in feed in which there has been primary multiplication of C. botulinum and toxin production. The initial signs of botulism are progressive difficulty in chewing and swallowing, caused by paralysis of the tongue and muscles of mastication. This results in slow prehension and chewing of feed, water and feed falling out of the mouth, excessive salivation and weakness of the tongue. After 1 to 3 days, generalised paralysis occurs followed by death due to respiratory paralysis. Intravenous fluid therapy is the recommended treatment. The administration of antiserum is of limited value in advanced stages and is used mainly as a prophylactic measure in cattle herds in which an outbreak has just started. Active immunization of cattle in high-risk herds is also an option. It is critical that cattle not be fed feed contaminated with soil or carcasses.
authors.affiliation: Departement für Nutztiere der Universität Zürich. ubraun@vetclinics.unizh.ch
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Braun
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D001906:Botulism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D003014:Clostridium botulinum; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005506:Food Contamination; D011379:Prognosis; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins