title: Exhaled CO, a predictor of lung function?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Smoking is associated with an accelerated loss of lung function and inhalation accelerates the decline further. Exhaled CO reflects the exposure of smoke to the lungs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether self-reported inhalation and type of cigarette influenced the level of exhaled CO and whether CO could provide additional information to usual measures of smoking regarding prediction of present lung function and decline in lung function over an extended period of time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cigarette smokers from the Copenhagen City Heart Study with valid measures of lung function and exhaled CO; in total 3738 subjects, 2096 women and 1642 men.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects not inhaling had slightly lower exhaled CO values than those inhaling, but substantially higher values than non-smokers (P<0.001). Smokers of plain cigarettes had slightly lower CO values than smokers of filter cigarettes (P<0.001). Increasing CO levels were correlated to a lower FEV(1)%pred and to an accelerated decline in lung function. However, in multiple linear regression analyses these correlations were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inhalation and type of cigarette affects exhaled CO levels. CO measures have no predictive value regarding neither present lung function nor decline in lung function with time in a population survey setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Respiratory Medicine, 253 H:S Hvidovre Hospital, Kettegård Alle 30, DK-2650 Hvidovre, Denmark. peder.Fabricius@vip.cybercity.dk
authors.forename: Peder
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fabricius
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Scharling
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Løkke
authors.forename: Jørgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vestbo
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lange
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000032:analysis*; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014797:Vital Capacity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002248:Carbon Monoxide