title: Shewanella loihica sp. nov., isolated from iron-rich microbial mats in the Pacific Ocean.
abstract: A novel marine bacterial strain, PV-4(T), isolated from a microbial mat located at a hydrothermal vent of Loihi Seamount in the Pacific Ocean, has been characterized. This micro-organism is orangey in colour, Gram-negative, polarly flagellated, facultatively anaerobic and psychrotolerant (temperature range, 0-42 degrees C). No growth was observed with nitrate, nitrite, DMSO or thiosulfate as the electron acceptor and lactate as the electron donor. The major fatty acid detected in strain PV-4(T) was iso-C(15 : 0). Strain PV-4(T) had ubiquinones consisting mainly of Q-7 and Q-8, and possessed menaquinone MK-7. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 53.8 mol% and the genome size was about 4.5 Mbp. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences placed PV-4(T) within the genus Shewanella. PV-4(T) exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity levels of 99.6 and 97.5 %, respectively, with respect to the type strains of Shewanella aquimarina and Shewanella marisflavi. DNA from strain PV-4(T) showed low mean levels of relatedness to the DNAs of S. aquimarina (50.5 %) and S. marisflavi (8.5 %). On the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics, the bacterium was classified in the genus Shewanella within a distinct novel species, for which the name Shewanella loihica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PV-4(T) (=ATCC BAA-1088(T)=DSM 17748(T)).
authors.affiliation: Stephenson Research and Technology Center, Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, 101 David L. Boren Boulevard, Norman, OK 73019, USA.|Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.|Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Haichun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Obraztova
authors.affiliation: Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA.
authors.forename: Radu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Popa
authors.affiliation: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
authors.forename: James K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Fredrickson
authors.affiliation: Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tiedje
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Nealson
authors.affiliation: Stephenson Research and Technology Center, Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, 101 David L. Boren Boulevard, Norman, OK 73019, USA.|Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Jizhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D001482:Base Composition; D003470:Culture Media; D003487:Cyanoacrylates / Q000032:analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D007501:Iron; D008386:Marine Biology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D010802:Phylogeny; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D020592:Shewanella / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D013696:Temperature; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000032:analysis; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D003487:Cyanoacrylates; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2; D014451:Ubiquinone; C007166:cyacrin; C062629:menaquinone 7; D007501:Iron