title: Successful in utero treatment of chronic and massive fetomaternal hemorrhage with fetal hydrops.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Massive fetomaternal hemorrhage is an uncommon cause of chronic fetal anemia. Without treatment, hydrops fetalis can occur and progress toward death. In some cases, an early diagnosis can improve the management.
  
  
  METHODS
  A patient was found to have a fetus with non-immune hydrops related to massive and early fetomaternal hemorrhage successfully treated with serial fetal intravascular transfusion. After the treatment, ultrasonographic signs of hydrops disappeared and the pregnancy resulted in a good fetal outcome. There was no need for neonatal transfusion. Neurological examination at 1 month post-natal was normal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When massive fetomaternal hemorrhage is diagnosed early in the pregnancy, serial fetal intravascular transfusion may be an alternative to immediate delivery.
authors.affiliation: Clinique de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU de Lille, France.
authors.forename: Chrystèle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rubod
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Houfflin
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Belot
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ardiet
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dufour
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Subtil
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Deruelle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001805:Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry; D005324:Fetal Movement; D005331:Fetomaternal Transfusion / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005865:Gestational Age; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D015160:Hydrops Fetalis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins