title: Inhibition of tumor invasion and metastasis by aqueous extract of the radix of Platycodon grandiflorum.
abstract: Platycodon grandiflorum is a traditional oriental herbal medicine that is known for its immunostimulatory and anti-tumor effects. This study examined the anti-metastatic activities of an aqueous extract from the root of P. grandiflorum (Changkil: CK) using in vitro and in vivo metastasis assays. CK inhibited the invasion of B16-F10 melanoma cells through a reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel)-coated filter, and strongly inhibited the adhesion of B16-F10 melanoma cell to extracellular matrices such as Matrigel, fibronectin and laminin substrates. CK also inhibited an experimentally induced lung cancer and prolonged the survival time in vivo. In addition, CK augmented NK cell activity. These results show that CK can reduce the extent of a lung metastasis of B16-F10 melanoma cells by inhibiting the adhesion of tumor cells to the basement membrane possibly and activating NK cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Center for Proteineous Materials, Chosun University, 375 Seosuk-dong, Kwangju 501-759, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ji Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyung Gyun
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Seong Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: Hye Gwang
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D051379:Mice; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031238:Platycodon / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C440574:Changkil; D010936:Plant Extracts