title: Distinct differentiation characteristics of individual human embryonic stem cell lines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Individual differences between human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines are poorly understood. Here, we describe the derivation of five hESC lines (called FES 21, 22, 29, 30 and 61) from frozen-thawed human embryos and compare their individual differentiation characteristic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cell lines were cultured either on human or mouse feeder cells. The cells grew significantly faster and could be passaged enzymatically only on mouse feeders. However, this was found to lead to chromosomal instability after prolonged culture. All hESC lines expressed the established markers of pluripotent cells as well as several primordial germ cell (PGC) marker genes in a uniform manner. However, the cell lines showed distinct features in their spontaneous differentiation patterns. The embryoid body (EB) formation frequency of FES 30 cell line was significantly lower than that of other lines and cells within the EBs differentiated less readily. Likewise, teratomas derived from FES 30 cells were constantly cystic and showed only minor solid tissue formation with a monotonous differentiation pattern as compared with the other lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  hESC lines may differ substantially in their differentiation properties although they appear similar in the undifferentiated state.
authors.affiliation: Program of Developmental and Reproductive Biology, Biomedicum Helsinki, PO Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. milla.mikkola@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Milla
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mikkola
authors.forename: Cia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Olsson
authors.forename: Jaan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palgi
authors.forename: Jarkko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ustinov
authors.forename: Tiina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Palomaki
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Horelli-Kuitunen
authors.forename: Sakari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knuutila
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lundin
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otonkoski
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tuuri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology*; D004627:Embryonic Induction / Q000502:physiology*; D005854:Germ Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013724:Teratoma / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers