title: Brief report: evaluating the Bedtime Pass Program for child resistance to bedtime--a randomized, controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the Bedtime Pass Program (BPP), an extinction-based procedure for treating bedtime resistance in typically developing children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, controlled trial in which nineteen 3- to 6-year-old children demonstrating bedtime resistance were randomly assigned to a Bedtime Pass or Monitoring Control group. The experimental condition involved parent monitoring plus the Bedtime Pass: a card exchangeable for one parental visit or excused departure from the room after bedtime, with parents ignoring subsequent bids for attention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children in the Bedtime Pass condition left their rooms and called and cried out significantly less frequently than controls. They demonstrated significant reductions in the time required to quiet each night. Treatment effects were maintained at 3-month follow-up. Parents reported high levels of satisfaction and treatment acceptability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BPP is a noncomplex, socially acceptable, effective treatment for bedtime resistance. It retains the powerful effects of extinction-based procedures without the "extinction burst."
authors.affiliation: Univeristy of Nevada, USA.
authors.forename: Brie A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Patrick C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Friman
authors.forename: Alan E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Fruzzetti
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: MacAleese
mesh_terms: D001290:Attitude; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005108:Extinction, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016730:Program Development; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*