title: A naturally occurring point mutation in the rat aquaporin 5 gene, influencing its protein production by and secretion of water from salivary glands.
abstract: A greater than twofold diversity in the expression level of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) has been observed in the membrane fraction of the submandibular gland (SMG) in Sprague-Dawley rats (Murdiastuti K, Miki O, Yao C, Parvin MN, Kosugi-Tanaka C, Akamatsu T, Kanamori N, and Hosoi K. Pflügers Arch 445: 405-412, 2002). In the present study, breeding between brother and sister rats was repeated within high AQP5 producers and low ones to obtain inbred offspring. High- and low-producer rats from 3rd to 18th generations were used for experiments. By Western blotting, levels of AQP5 proteins in the parotid and lacrimal glands, and lungs were all low in low producers, whereas they were all high in high producers, implying genetic variations of the gene for this water channel. Despite this implication, AQP5 mRNA levels were almost the same between the two groups by Northern blotting, suggesting the irrelevance of transcriptional regulation for this diversity. AQP5 cDNAs from the SMGs of the two groups were sequenced. The nucleotide sequence of AQP5 cDNA from low producers indicated the existence of a point mutation at nt 308 (G308A), leading to a replacement of (103)Gly with (103)Asp in the third transmembrane domain, but no alteration was detected in the Kozak area. The existence of such a mutation was confirmed by the assessment of genomic DNA also. This mutation may have resulted in an abnormal membrane insertion or ineffective trafficking of AQP5, since the rats having this mutation showed extremely low membrane expression of AQP5 in the SMG acinar cells and decreased water secretion from their salivary glands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Oral Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Kwartarini
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murdiastuti
authors.forename: Nunuk
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Purwanti
authors.forename: Mileva Ratko
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Karabasil
authors.forename: Xuefei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chenjuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akamatsu
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kanamori
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hosoi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D051402:Aquaporin 5 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017354:Point Mutation; D051381:Rats; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: C496040:Aqp5 protein, rat; D051402:Aquaporin 5