title: [Estimation of time of death by the use of the overwintering of flies].
abstract: We observed whether or not there were eggs, larvae, pupae, and empty pupal shells of flies on cadavers found outdoors in Sapporo, the northern district of Japan (43 degrees N). The temperature has an influence on the oviposition of flies. The average season in which flies lay eggs is from the middle of April to the beginning of November, although there is a little lag year by year. As flies overwinter generally as larvae, we can estimate postmortem interval of a cadaver found in spring on the basis of the size and the mortality of the larvae. If the length of larvae is 1 cm or longer, and many of them are dead, and if there are no empty pupal shells, the time of death of a cadaver found outdoors in spring is between the middle of September and the beginning of November in the previous year.
authors.affiliation: Forensic Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Terazawa
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matoba
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002102:Cadaver; D004175:Diptera / Q000502:physiology*; D044707:Forensic Sciences; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007814:Larva; D010058:Oviposition / Q000502:physiology; D012621:Seasons; D013696:Temperature