Laterality in persons with intellectual disability II. Hand, foot, ear, and eye laterality in persons with Trisomy 21 and Williams-Beuren syndrome.
Laterality (hand, foot, ear, and eye) was assessed in participants with Trisomy 21 (62) and Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) (39). Handedness was also assessed in a card reaching task. The comparison group included 184 typically developing persons. Two independent age sub-groups were formed: 7 to 10 years old and 11 to 34 years old. We confirmed previous data: individuals with T21 were more frequently left- or mixed-handed than typically developing persons; individuals with WBS had intermediate scores. The two groups with genetic disorders had less right foot preference. Manual and foot inconsistencies characterized both groups with genetic disorders. Cross hand-foot preference was lower in the typically developing group. Differences in IQ levels did not correlate with differences in laterality scores. Overall laterality profiles were not the same in the two groups with genetic disorders: the greatest differences were observed between typically developing persons and persons with Trisomy 21.
Gérard-Desplanches
Aude
A
Centre de Recherche PsyCLE EA3273, Aix Marseille 1, France. aude.gerard2@wanadoo.fr
Deruelle
Christine
C
Stefanini
Silvia
S
Ayoun
Catherine
C
Volterra
Virginia
V
Vicari
Stefano
S
Fisch
Gene
G
Carlier
Michèle
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002755:Choice Behavior; D023882:Dominance, Ocular / Q000235:genetics*; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012016:Reference Values; D018980:Williams Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology