title: Conserved and specific functions of axoneme components in trypanosome motility.
abstract: The Trypanosoma brucei flagellum is unusual as it is attached along the cell body and contains, in addition to an apparently conventional axoneme, a structure called the paraflagellar rod, which is essential for cell motility. Here, we investigated flagellum behaviour in normal and mutant trypanosome cell lines where expression of genes encoding various axoneme proteins (PF16, PF20, DNAI1, LC2) had been silenced by RNAi. First, we show that the propulsive wave (normally used for forward motility) is abolished in the absence of outer dynein arms, whereas the reverse wave (normally used for changing direction) still occurs. Second, in contrast to Chlamydomonas--but like metazoa, the central pair adopts a fixed orientation during flagellum beating. This orientation becomes highly variable in central-pair- and outer-dynein-arm-mutants. Third, the paraflagellar rod contributes to motility by facilitating three-dimensional wave propagation and controlling cell shape. Fourth, motility is required to complete the last stage of cell division in both insect and bloodstream stages of the parasite. Finally, our study also reveals the conservation of molecular components of the trypanosome flagellum. Coupled to the ease of reverse genetics, it raises the interest of trypanosomes as model organisms to study cilia and flagella.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U565 and CNRS UMR5153 and MNHN USM0503, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 43 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Branche
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kohl
authors.forename: Géraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Toutirais
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buisson
authors.forename: Jacky
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cosson
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bastin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002923:Cilia / Q000378:metabolism*; D005407:Flagella / Q000378:metabolism*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D014346:Trypanosoma brucei brucei / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering