Both integrated and differential regulation of components of the IL-2/IL-2 receptor system.
Interleukin-2 was discovered in 1976 as a T-cell growth factor. It was the first type I cytokine cloned and the first for which a receptor component was cloned. Its importance includes its multiple actions, therapeutic potential, and lessons for receptor biology, with three components differentially combining to form high, intermediate, and low-affinity receptors. IL-2Ralpha and IL-2Rbeta, respectively, are markers for double-negative thymocytes and regulatory T-cells versus memory cells. gamma(c), which is shared by six cytokines, is mutated in patients with X-linked severe-combined immunodeficiency. We now cover an under-reviewed area-the regulation of genes encoding IL-2 and IL-2R components, with an effort to integrate/explain this knowledge.
Kim
Hyoung Pyo
HP
Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1674, United States. kimhp@mail.nih.gov
Imbert
Jean
J
Leonard
Warren J
WJ
D000818:Animals; D051786:Cyclic AMP Response Element Modulator / Q000502:physiology; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000235:genetics; D053646:Interleukin-2 Receptor beta Subunit / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology; D010641:Phenotype; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional / Q000502:physiology; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor / Q000502:physiology; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000502:physiology
D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D007376:Interleukin-2; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D053646:Interleukin-2 Receptor beta Subunit; D016328:NF-kappa B; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D051786:Cyclic AMP Response Element Modulator