title: Palatal and tongue base surgery for surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of concurrent uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) and hypopharyngeal procedures in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients with diffuse airway narrowing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight patients were treated surgically by a single surgeon in private practice over 2 years. Symptoms, Epworth score, and polysomnographic outcome were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. The Friedman staging system was applied. UPPP with genioglossus advancement, hyoid suspension, or radiofrequency treatment was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 37 patients with complete data, the average apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was reduced from 46.5 +/- 24.8 to 14.9 +/- 16.8. The Epworth score was reduced from 12.1 +/- 4.9 to 6.7 +/- 3.7. Most patients reported improved sleep quality, alertness, memory, concentration, and mood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Successful outcome, defined by symptom and AHI reduction, was achieved with multilevel surgery for most patients with advanced Friedman stages 2 and 3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multilevel surgery seems effective in treating severe OSA patients with diffuse airway narrowing.
  
  
  METHODS
  C-4.
authors.affiliation: Columbia New York Presbyterian Department of Otolaryngology, New York, NY, USA. ofershel@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ofer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jacobowitz
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D010027:Osteotomy; D010160:Palate, Soft / Q000601:surgery*; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000601:surgery*; D014059:Tongue / Q000601:surgery*; D014609:Uvula / Q000601:surgery