title: Effect of nicotine on negative affect among more impulsive smokers.
abstract: In the present study, the authors tested the hypothesis that nicotine would provide greater relief from negative affect for more impulsive smokers than for less impulsive smokers. Euthymic adult smokers (N=70) participated in 2 laboratory sessions, during which they underwent a negative mood induction (music + autobiographical memory), then smoked either a nicotinized or de-nicotinized cigarette. Mixed-effects regression yielded a significant Impulsivity x Condition (nicotinized vs. de-nicotinized) x Time interaction. Simple effects analyses showed that heightened impulsivity predicted greater negative affect relief after smoking a nicotinized cigarette but not after smoking a de-nicotinized cigarette. These data suggest that nicotine may be a disproportionately powerful negative reinforcer for highly impulsive smokers, promoting higher levels of nicotine dependence and inhibiting smoking cessation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA. ndoran1@uic.edu
authors.forename: Neal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Doran
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McChargue
authors.forename: Bonnie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Spring
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: VanderVeen
authors.forename: Jessica Werth
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Malia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Richmond
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects*; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine