title: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus genomics and global diversity.
abstract: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe illness with high case fatality that occurs in Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. The complete genomes of 13 geographically and temporally diverse virus strains were determined, and CCHF viruses were found to be highly variable with 20 and 8%, 31 and 27%, and 22 and 10% nucleotide and deduced amino acid differences detected among virus S (nucleocapsid), M (glycoprotein), and L (polymerase) genome segments, respectively. Distinct geographic lineages exist, but with multiple exceptions indicative of long-distance virus movement. Discrepancies among the virus S, M, and L phylogenetic tree topologies document multiple RNA segment reassortment events. An analysis of individual segment datasets suggests genetic recombination also occurs. For an arthropod-borne virus, the genomic plasticity of CCHF virus is surprisingly high.
authors.affiliation: Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
authors.forename: Varough M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Deyde
authors.forename: Marina L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Khristova
authors.forename: Pierre E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Rollin
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Ksiazek
authors.forename: Stuart T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Nichol
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016679:Genome, Viral; D023281:Genomics; D014943:Global Health; D003225:Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo / Q000235:genetics*; D006479:Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral