title: Cytoglobin is a stress-responsive hemoprotein expressed in the developing and adult brain.
abstract: Cytoglobin (Cygb) is a novel tissue hemoprotein relatively similar to myoglobin (Mb). Because Cygb shares several structural features with Mb, we hypothesized that Cygb functions in the modulation of oxygen and nitric oxide metabolism or in scavenging free radicals within a cell. In the present study we examined the spatial and temporal expression pattern of Cygb during murine embryogenesis. Using in situ hybridization, RT-PCR, and Northern blot analyses, limited Cygb expression was observed during embryogenesis compared with Mb expression. Cygb expression was primarily restricted to the central nervous system and neural crest derivatives during the latter stages of development. In the adult mouse, Cygb is expressed in distinct regions of the brain as compared with neuroglobin (Ngb), another globin protein, and these regions are responsive to oxidative stress (i.e., hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus). In contrast to Ngb, Cygb expression in the brain is induced in response to chronic hypoxia (10% oxygen). These results support the hypothesis that Cygb is an oxygen-responsive tissue hemoglobin expressed in distinct regions of thenormoxic and hypoxic brain and may play a key role in the response of the brain to ahypoxic insult.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA. pradeep.mammen@utsouthwestern.edu
authors.forename: Pradeep P A
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Mammen
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Shelton
authors.forename: Qiu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Shane B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Kanatous
authors.forename: Amanda J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Garry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078842:Cytoglobin; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005914:Globins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D000078787:Neuroglobin; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000737:chemistry / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C000627267:Cygb protein, mouse; D000078842:Cytoglobin; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000078787:Neuroglobin; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D005914:Globins