title: Stability and antioxidant activity of black currant anthocyanins in solution and encapsulated in glucan gel.
abstract: The effects of ferric and ferrous ions, pH, and temperature on the stability and antioxidant activity of black currant anthocyanins (BCA) were studied, and the recovery of BCA from glucan gel [mixed linked (1-->3,1-->4)-beta-D-glucan] after using different encapsulating procedures was determined. The degradation of individual anthocyanins follows first-order kinetics and shows Arrhenius temperature dependence. The activation energies of individual anthocyanins, evaluated over the temperature range 60-100 degrees C, decrease with an increase in pH. While the antioxidant activity of BCA, measured by the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, decreased with the degradation of anthocyanins, the completely degraded products still exhibited approximately 30% of the initial antioxidant activity. Ferric ions have a detrimental effect on the stability of BCA, especially for delphinidins. Freeze drying of encapsulated BCA gives approximately 20% higher recovery of individual anthocyanins than infrared drying.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Shaoyuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Laurence D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Melton
authors.forename: Allan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Easteal
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Siew
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002214:Capsules; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004355:Drug Stability; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005782:Gels; D005936:Glucans / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D031965:Ribes / Q000737:chemistry*; D012996:Solutions; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D002214:Capsules; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D005782:Gels; D005936:Glucans; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012996:Solutions