Crystal structure of an active form of human MMP-1.
The extracellular matrix is a dynamic environment that constantly undergoes remodelling and degradation during vital physiological processes such as angiogenesis, wound healing, and development. Unbalanced extracellular matrix breakdown is associated with many diseases such as arthritis, cancer and fibrosis. Interstitial collagen is degraded by matrix metalloproteinases with collagenolytic activity by MMP-1, MMP-8 and MMP-13, collectively known as the collagenases. Matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) plays a pivotal role in degradation of interstitial collagen types I, II, and III. Here, we report the crystal structure of the active form of human MMP-1 at 2.67 A resolution. This is the first MMP-1 structure that is free of inhibitor and a water molecule essential for peptide hydrolysis is observed coordinated with the active site zinc. Comparing this structure with the human proMMP-1 shows significant structural differences, mainly in the relative orientation of the hemopexin domain, between the pro form and active form of the human enzyme.
Iyer
Shalini
S
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
Visse
Robert
R
Nagase
Hideaki
H
Acharya
K Ravi
KR
D000818:Animals; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D017364:Collagenases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004792:Enzyme Precursors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006466:Hemopexin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D013552:Swine
D004792:Enzyme Precursors; D006466:Hemopexin; D017364:Collagenases; C022440:procollagenase; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1