title: Considering human-primate transmission of measles virus through the prism of risk analysis.
abstract: Measles is a respiratory virus that is endemic to humans. Human-nonhuman primate (NHP) transmission of the measles virus has been shown to cause significant morbidity and mortality in NHP populations. We investigated serological evidence of exposure to measles virus in two free-ranging populations of macaques at the Bukit Timah (BTNR) and Central Catchment Nature (CCNR) reserves in Singapore and the Swoyambhu Temple in Katmandu, Nepal. At BTNR/CCNR none of the 38 macaques (Macaca fascicularis) sampled were seropositive for antibodies to measles virus. In contrast, at Swoyambhu 100% (n = 39) of the macaques (M. mulatta) sampled were seropositive for antibodies to the measles virus. Here the contrasting seroprevalences of the two sites are analyzed using risk analysis. These case studies show how risk analysis can be used to approach the phenomenon of cross-species pathogen transmission.
authors.affiliation: Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA. jonesengel@bart.rprc.washington.edu
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jones-Engel
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Schillaci
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heidrich
authors.forename: Mukesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chalise
authors.forename: Randall C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kyes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D008459:Measles virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012846:Singapore / Q000453:epidemiology; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral