title: Clinical outcome of tubeless cutaneous ureterostomy by the Toyoda method.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cutaneous ureterostomy is the least invasive method of urinary diversion, but it carries a risk of stomal stenosis. We retrospectively examined the long-term outcome of tubeless cutaneous ureterostomy by the Toyoda method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Since 1983, the Toyoda cutaneous ureterostomy has been performed in 97 patients (169 renal units) with a minimum follow up of 3 months. The ureteral patency rate was reviewed according to whether the stomal type was single (one ureter, one stoma) or double-barrel (two ureters, one stoma).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a median follow up of 23 months (range 3 to 169), a tubeless condition was achieved in 102 (82%) of 124 renal units associated with double-barrel stoma and in 35 (78%) of 45 renal units associated with single stoma. Although mild to moderate hydronephrosis was observed in 19% of patients, serum creatinine levels did not change after a minimum of 12 months after surgery (median 35).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high ureteral patency rate was achieved with cutaneous ureterostomy using the Toyoda method. This procedure, especially double-barrel stomal creation, is a reasonable alternative to other forms of urinary diversion in patients at high risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan. at7899@kchnet.or.jp
authors.forename: Akito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terai
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Nobufumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kohei
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000601:surgery*; D014519:Ureterostomy / Q000379:methods*