title: Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and cytochrome B gene sequencing-based identification of Leishmania isolates from different foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Pakistan.
abstract: Seventeen Leishmania stocks isolated from cutaneous lesions of Pakistani patients were studied by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and by polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing of the cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene. Eleven stocks that expressed nine zymodemes were assigned to L. (Leishmania) major. All of them were isolated from patients in the lowlands of Larkana district and Sibi city in Sindh and Balochistan provinces, respectively. The remaining six, distributed in two zymodemes (five and one), isolated from the highland of Quetta city, Balochistan, were identified as L. (L.) tropica. The same result at species level was obtained by the Cyt b sequencing for all the stocks examined. No clear-cut association between the clinical features (wet or dry type lesions) and the Leishmania species involved was found. Leishmania (L.) major was highly polymorphic compared with L. (L.) tropica. This difference may be explained by the fact that humans may act as a sole reservoir of L. (L.) tropica in anthroponotic cycles; however, many wild mammals can be reservoirs of L. (L.) major in zoonotic cycles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Kochi, Japan. macrojd@med.kochi-ms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Jorge D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Marco
authors.forename: Abdul M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bhutto
authors.forename: Farooq R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Soomro
authors.forename: Javed H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Baloch
authors.forename: Paola A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Barroso
authors.forename: Hirotomo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uezato
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katakura
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Korenaga
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashiguchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045303:Cytochromes b / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D004798:Enzymes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007891:Leishmania / Q000145:classification* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000469:parasitology*; D010154:Pakistan; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D004798:Enzymes; D045303:Cytochromes b