title: Age and bromodeoxyuridine labelling index as prognostic factors in high-grade gliomas treated with surgery and radiotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prognostic value of proliferative potential and DNA ploidy in 72 brain tumours (36 grade III and 36 grade IV astrocytomas) using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) incorporation and flow cytometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  All 72 patients underwent excision, mostly incomplete of the tumour. After surgery, eight patients received conventionally fractionated radiotherapy, 11 patients received accelerated radiotherapy, and 53 patients received hypofractionated radiotherapy. Tumour samples taken during surgery from each patient were incubated in vitro for 1 h at 37 degrees C with BrdUrd using the high pressure oxygen method. The percentage of BrdUrd-labelled cells (BrdUrd labelling index [BrdUrd LI]), and the total DNA content were evaluated:
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tumours showed variability in the BrdUrd LI values, which ranged from 0.3 to 19.1%. No difference was observed in mean BrdUrd LI between grade III and grade IV sub-groups. A significantly higher percentage of DNA aneuploidy was observed in grade III gliomas (69.4%) than in grade IV gliomas (52.8%). Univariate analysis showed that younger patients (< or = 51 years) (P = 0.021) with grade III gliomas (P = 0.030) and low tumour proliferation rate (BrdUrd LI < or = 2.7%, P = 0.028) had significantly higher 5-year survival rates. Tumour ploidy had no influence on patients' survival (P = 0.591). However, Cox multi-variate analysis showed that only age over 51 years, and high tumour proliferation rate (BrdUrd LI > 2.7%), were significant unfavourable prognostic factors in patient survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, independent prognostic factors for patients with high-grade gliomas treated with surgery and post-operative radiotherapy are age and tumour proliferation rate assessed according to the BrdUrd LI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Radiobiology, Centre of Oncology, Garncarska, Krakow, Poland. z5gasins@cyf-kr.edu.pl
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gasinska
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Skolyszewski
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Glinski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niemiec
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adamczyk
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krzyszkowski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zabek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005910:Glioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology; D011003:Ploidies; D011379:Prognosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D010100:Oxygen