Wikis, blogs and podcasts: a new generation of Web-based tools for virtual collaborative clinical practice and education.
BACKGROUND
We have witnessed a rapid increase in the use of Web-based 'collaborationware' in recent years. These Web 2.0 applications, particularly wikis, blogs and podcasts, have been increasingly adopted by many online health-related professional and educational services. Because of their ease of use and rapidity of deployment, they offer the opportunity for powerful information sharing and ease of collaboration. Wikis are Web sites that can be edited by anyone who has access to them. The word 'blog' is a contraction of 'Web Log' - an online Web journal that can offer a resource rich multimedia environment. Podcasts are repositories of audio and video materials that can be "pushed" to subscribers, even without user intervention. These audio and video files can be downloaded to portable media players that can be taken anywhere, providing the potential for "anytime, anywhere" learning experiences (mobile learning).


CONCLUSIONS
Wikis, blogs and podcasts are all relatively easy to use, which partly accounts for their proliferation. The fact that there are many free and Open Source versions of these tools may also be responsible for their explosive growth. Thus it would be relatively easy to implement any or all within a Health Professions' Educational Environment. Paradoxically, some of their disadvantages also relate to their openness and ease of use. With virtually anybody able to alter, edit or otherwise contribute to the collaborative Web pages, it can be problematic to gauge the reliability and accuracy of such resources. While arguably, the very process of collaboration leads to a Darwinian type 'survival of the fittest' content within a Web page, the veracity of these resources can be assured through careful monitoring, moderation, and operation of the collaborationware in a closed and secure digital environment. Empirical research is still needed to build our pedagogic evidence base about the different aspects of these tools in the context of medical/health education.


CONCLUSIONS
If effectively deployed, wikis, blogs and podcasts could offer a way to enhance students', clinicians' and patients' learning experiences, and deepen levels of learners' engagement and collaboration within digital learning environments. Therefore, research should be conducted to determine the best ways to integrate these tools into existing e-Learning programmes for students, health professionals and patients, taking into account the different, but also overlapping, needs of these three audience classes and the opportunities of virtual collaboration between them. Of particular importance is research into novel integrative applications, to serve as the "glue" to bind the different forms of Web-based collaborationware synergistically in order to provide a coherent wholesome learning experience.
Boulos
Maged N Kamel
MN
Faculty of Health and Social Work, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK. mnkamelboulos@plymouth.ac.uk
Maramba
Inocencio
I
Wheeler
Steve
S
D001296:Audiovisual Aids / Q000639:trends; D016494:Computer Security; D003194:Computer-Assisted Instruction / Q000639:trends; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D020375:Education, Distance / Q000639:trends; D006281:Health Occupations / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet / Q000639:trends*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012984:Software; D014741:Video Recording / Q000639:trends