title: Effects of long-term low-dose corticosteroid therapy on humoral immunity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Corticosteroids are agents that suppress the immune system. Their suppressive activity is predominantly restricted to cell-mediated immunity, with a marginal inhibitory effect on humoral immunity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe an acquired reversible B-cell deficiency in a patient treated with low-dose corticosteroids for 36 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  A broad range of T- and B-cell parameters were studied over time, during and after discontinuation of corticosteroid therapy. Published works on this topic in animal and human models are reviewed. The findings unique to this patient are highlighted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While undergoing long-term corticosteroid therapy, a patient developed a clinical and immunologic picture suggestive of common variable immunodeficiency, with predominantly qualitative and quantitative B-cell abnormalities. These abnormalities resolved within 2 years after tapering of corticosteroid therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term low-dose corticosteroid use may reversibly decrease B-cell counts and specific antibody responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461, USA. maryofw@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Fedor
authors.forename: Arye
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rubinstein
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000361:Agammaglobulinemia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000420:Albuterol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects*; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D008231:Lymphopenia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D011804:Quinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000150:complications; D013440:Sulfides; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D011804:Quinolines; D013440:Sulfides; C093875:montelukast; D000420:Albuterol; D008775:Methylprednisolone