[Prevalence and characterization of hearing loss in workers exposed to industrial noise of the turbogenerated electric plant of a petrochemical industry].
The purpose of the present study was to assess the impact of occupational exposure to noise and its relationship with other factors that can induce hearing loss in the electric plant workers of a petrochemical industry of the west of Venezuela. A cross-sectional study was conducted that included sonometry tests, carried out according to the established methodology by COVENIN rules, and the occupational medical evaluation and liminal tonal audiometrics test in 75 workers. The equivalent noise levels (Leq) was quantified in different workplaces. It was found out that most of the workers are exposed to high noise levels [>85 dB(A)] and during more time than the recommended. All workers use hearing protectors appropriately. The hearing loss prevalence in workers was 16.0%, there were not noise-induced hearing losses. The hearing threshold registered in the audiometrics test was diminished, but inside the normal threshold values. We diagnosed 12 cases of conductive hearing loss, all grade I; there were not sensorial or mixed hearing losses. There was not a relationship between the equivalent noise level and hearing loss. It is suggested the design and implantation of a program of auditory conservation to protect the health and security of the workers and to conduct a longitudinal study considering the findings of the present study as it basis.
Montiel-López
María
M
Instituto de Medicina del Trabajo e Higiene Industrial, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Venezuela. mariamontiel89@yahoo.es
Corzo-Alvarez
Gilbert
G
Chacín-Almarza
Betulio
B
Rojas-González
Liliana
L
Quevedo
Ana
A
Rendiles
Hernando
H
D000328:Adult; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D002617:Chemical Industry; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004430:Ear Protective Devices / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006314:Hearing Loss, Conductive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006317:Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D008875:Middle Aged; D009623:Noise, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009790:Occupations; D010578:Petroleum; D014687:Venezuela
D010578:Petroleum