title: Revision facial nerve surgery.
abstract: Transection of the facial nerve can result from blunt or penetrating trauma to the face or temporal bone. It can also occur accidentally during surgery, or as a planned surgical procedure carried out in the interest of eradicating disease. If transection is recognized at surgery, direct anastomosis or cable grafting is the procedure of choice. This article presents two cases with neither clinical nor electrical evidence of recovery. The authors review current understanding of the changes that occur in the neuron, axon, and muscle after injury to the nerve and the underlying pathology that led to graft failure in these cases. They also evaluate surgical options and diagnostic test results that help in selecting appropriate surgical procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Arvind
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ryzenman
authors.forename: Arlene
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barr
mesh_terms: D003390:Cranial Nerve Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D020220:Facial Nerve Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008579:Meningioma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D016067:Nerve Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D012086:Reoperation; D017211:Treatment Failure