title: Hypertension, diuretics and breast cancer risk.
abstract: It is unclear whether hypertension and antihypertensive medication use are associated with breast cancer. In order to examine these associations, we conducted a case-control study among women aged 50-75 years. Breast cancer cases were ascertained via a population-based cancer registry (n=523) and controls were ascertained via random-digit-dialing (n=131). Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire which queried history of hypertension, antihypertensive medication use and risk factors. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, menopausal status, family history of breast or ovarian cancer, age at first full-term pregnancy and education. History of treated hypertension was associated with significant increased risk of breast cancer (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.04-3.03) and this association appeared only in women with BMI > or =25 kg/m(2) (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.12-4.71). Diuretic use was also associated with elevated breast cancer risk (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.07-3.01). The risk associated with diuretic use increased with duration of use (P for trend, <0.01). Use of other blood pressure medications was not found to be associated with breast cancer risk. These results support a positive association between treated hypertension, diuretic use and breast cancer risk among women aged 50-75 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Division, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-7555, USA. jlargent@uci.edu
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Largent
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: McEligot
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ziogas
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Leighton
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peel
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Anton-Culver
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D004232:Diuretics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics