title: The effect of orlistat and fenofibrate, alone or in combination, on small dense LDL and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in obese patients with metabolic syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increased concentration of small dense LDL cholesterol (sdLDL-C) and activity of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA(2)) are considered as emerging cardiovascular risk factors and are commonly encountered in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The primary endpoint of this study was the effect of orlistat and fenofibrate, alone or in combination, on Lp-PLA(2) activity and LDL phenotype in overweight and obese patients (body mass index>28 kg/m(2)) with MetS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (n=89) were prescribed a low-fat low-calorie diet and were randomly allocated to receive orlistat 120 mg three times daily (O group), micronized fenofibrate 200mg/day (F group) or both (OF group) for 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant reductions of sdLDL-C levels were observed in all treatment groups. Groups F and OF experienced a greater reduction in sdLDL-C levels (p<0.05) together with a greater increase in LDL particle diameter (p<0.05) compared with group O. Total plasma Lp-PLA(2) activity significantly decreased in all treatment groups. The reduction of Lp-PLA(2) was more pronounced with OF administration compared with each monotherapy (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Orlistat and fenofibrate exhibited favorable effects on Lp-PLA(2) activity and LDL phenotype in overweight and obese patients with MetS. Importantly, combination treatment had a more favorable effect on these risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45 110 Ioannina, Greece.
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Filippatos
authors.forename: I F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Gazi
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Liberopoulos
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Athyros
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Elisaf
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Tselepis
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Kiortsis
mesh_terms: D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D011345:Fenofibrate / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000077403:Orlistat; D050177:Overweight; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D007783:Lactones; D000077403:Orlistat; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase; D011345:Fenofibrate