title: Metformin-diet ameliorates coronary heart disease risk factors and facilitates resumption of regular menses in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In 35 adolescent females (17 +/- 2 years) with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), median body mass index (BMI) 30.8 kg/m2, we assessed effeicacy of metformin-diet for 1 year for reduction of weight, insulin, HOMA insulin resistance (IR), cholesterol, triglycerides, and resumption of regular menses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Calories (26% protein, 44% carbohydrate) were targeted to 1,500-1,800/day if BMI was <25 or to 1,200-1,500/day if BMI was > or = 25, along with 2,550 mg metformin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median weight fell from 82.7 to 79.1 kg (p = 0.009), insulin 16.7 to 13.3 microU/ml (p <0.0001), HOMA IR 3.41 to 2.74 (p = 0.0004), total cholesterol 164 to 151 mg/dl (p = 0.002), and triglyceride 103 to 85 mg/dl (p = 0.006). The percentage of cycles with normal menses rose from a pre-treatment mean of 22% to 74%, p < 0.0001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In adolescents with PCOS, metformin-diet reduces weight, insulin, IR, cholesterol, and triglycerides, and facilitates resumption of regular menses.
authors.affiliation: Cholesterol Center, Jewish Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. glueckch@healthall.com
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Glueck
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aregawi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Winiarska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Agloria
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sieve
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D008687:Metformin; D002784:Cholesterol