title: Levels and concentration ratios of polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in serum and breast milk in Japanese mothers.
abstract: Blood and/or breast milk have been used to assess human exposure to various environmental contaminants. Few studies have been available to compare the concentrations in one matrix with those in another. The goals of this study were to determine the current levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Japanese women, with analysis of the effects of lifestyle and dietary habits on these levels, and to develop a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) with which to predict the ratio of serum concentration to breast milk concentration. We measured PBDEs and PCBs in 89 paired samples of serum and breast milk collected in four regions of Japan in 2005. The geometric means of the total concentrations of PBDE (13 congeners) in milk and serum were 1.56 and 2.89 ng/g lipid, respectively, whereas those of total PCBs (15 congeners) were 63.9 and 37.5 ng/g lipid, respectively. The major determinant of total PBDE concentration in serum and milk was the geographic area within Japan, whereas nursing duration was the major determinant of PCB concentration. BDE-209 was the most predominant PBDE congener in serum but not in milk. The excretion of BDE 209 in milk was lower than that of BDE 47 and BDE 153. QSAR analysis revealed that two parameters, calculated octanol/water partition and number of hydrogen-bond acceptors, were significant descriptors. During the first weeks of lactation, the predicted partitioning of PBDE and PCB congeners from serum to milk agreed with the observed values. However, the prediction became weaker after 10 weeks of nursing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, and Department of Neurosurgery, Takayama Red Cross Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Kayoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Katsunobu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uehara
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Takumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takasuga
authors.forename: Kurunthachalam
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Senthilkumar
authors.forename: Fumiyoshi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koizumi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008019:Life Style; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D011786:Quality Control; D021281:Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship; D012015:Reference Standards
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls