title: Maximum tumor diameter is a simple and valuable index associated with the local extent of disease in clinically localized prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study was undertaken to investigate the association of pathological features, including the total tumor volume (TTV), maximum tumor area (MTA), and maximum tumor diameter (MTD), with the local extent of disease in clinically localized prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serial whole sections of the prostate from 164 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer were investigated. The correlations between the indicators of tumor size, including the TTV, MTA, and MTD, and other pathological parameters were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MTD, MTA, and TTV were significantly correlated with each other. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis indicated that the Gleason score, perineural invasion, microvascular invasion, and MTD were significant independent parameters associated with extraprostatic disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The histological tumor grade, perineural invasion, microvascular invasion, and tumor size were correlated with the local extent of disease. The MTD, a simple, easy, and inexpensive parameter, is a more significant pathological feature associated with the local extent of disease than the MTA or TTV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. mi-zu-no@mub.biglobe.ne.jp
authors.forename: Ryuichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Makio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ookita
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Mototsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oya
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohigashi
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marumo
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D018450:Disease Progression; D019160:Endosonography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed