title: Sonodynamic effects of protoporphyrin IX disodium salt on isolated sarcoma 180 cells.
abstract: The cytotoxic effect of PPIX on isolated sarcoma 180 cells induced by ultrasound was investigated. Tumor cells suspended in air-saturated PBS (pH 7.2) were exposed to ultrasound at 2.2 MHz for up to 60s in the presence and absence of protoporphyrin IX disodium salt (PPIX). The viability of cells was determined by a trypan blue exclusion test. The rate of ultrasonically induced cell damage was increased with 40-160 microM PPIX, while no cell damage was observed with 160 microM PPIX alone. This enhancement of cell damage with PPIX was inhibited by histidine. The participation of lipid peroxidation products in the cell damage process was also investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation of the surface of cells was performed to evaluate the morphological changes induced by ultrasonic irradiation. The results indicate the involvement of a sonochemical mechanism.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China. lshaof@snnu.edu.cn <lshaof@snnu.edu.cn>
authors.forename: Quanhong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiaobing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Pan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D011524:Protoporphyrins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects*; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D011524:Protoporphyrins; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; C028025:protoporphyrin IX