Cryoprecipitate production: the use of additives to enhance the yield.
Cryoprecipitate is still widely used to treat hemophilia A in developing countries. However, the yield of factor VIII is relatively low averaging, i.e. only 50%. We have attempted to enhance the yield by adding sodium citrate to the plasma following the method of Shanbrom and Owens (Blood 98, 2001, 60a). Fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) units were processed either as control plasma or after the addition of 10% sodium citrate. Cryoprecipitate was produced from both. After resuspension, calcium chloride was added to the citrated cryoprecipitate to correct for excess citrate prior to testing. The levels of FVIII and fibrinogen were determined in both preparations. The citrated cryoprecipitates had varying yields of fibrinogen and FVIII in the cryoprecipitate. The FVIII levels varied from 34% to 215% recovery. Fibrinogen ranged from 55.5% to 121.4%. We found that the addition of increasing amounts of CaCl2 to normal plasma raised the FVIII values from 1.0 to 4 U/ml. To determine the possibility of assay influence we added different quantities of CaCl2 to control plasma and measured the FVIII and activated partial thromboplastin time levels. Addition of citrate to plasma resulted in an increased total amount of cryoprecipitate much of which was citrate. Assays showed considerable ranges in the quantity of FVIII and fibrinogen. Activation of FVIII can be caused by addition of excess calcium.
Yousef
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Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Neurath
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Freedman
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Rock
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D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D002951:Citrates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D010949:Plasma / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077559:Sodium Citrate
D002951:Citrates; C026912:cryoprecipitate coagulum; D000077559:Sodium Citrate; C078147:F8 protein, human; D005169:Factor VIII; D005340:Fibrinogen; D002122:Calcium Chloride