Markers for sepsis diagnosis: what is useful?
Timely diagnosis of the different severities of septic inflammation is potentially lifesaving because therapies that have been shown to lower mortality should be initiated early. Sepsis and severe sepsis are accompanied by clinical and laboratory signs of systemic inflammation but patients with inflammation caused by noninfectious causes may present with similar signs and symptoms. It is important to identify markers for an early diagnosis of sepsis and organ dysfunction. This article presents currently interesting sepsis biomarkers. Other novel markers and their potential role are discussed.
Reinhart
Konrad
K
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07743 Jena, Germany. konrad.reinhart@med.uni-jena.de
Meisner
Michael
M
Brunkhorst
Frank M
FM
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053607:Adrenomedullin; D000818:Animals; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000097:blood; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015926:Complement C3a / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019798:Neopterin / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D011486:Protein C / Q000378:metabolism; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018805:Sepsis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D053607:Adrenomedullin; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002116:Calcitonin; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D015926:Complement C3a; D016207:Cytokines; D004731:Endotoxins; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D019798:Neopterin; D010455:Peptides; D011486:Protein C; D011498:Protein Precursors; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein; C101134:ESM1 protein, human; C408842:TREM1 protein, human