title: Relationship of CSF leukocytosis to compartmentalized changes in MCP-1/CCL2 in the CSF of HIV-infected patients undergoing interruption of antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: Although monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1)/CCL2 is believed to mediate trafficking of HIV-activated leukocytes into the CNS, its role has not been studied directly in humans. To evaluate MCP-1's effects on CNS leukocyte infiltration, we measured CSF leukocytes and MCP-1 levels in serial plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from subjects who experienced large increases in viral load after interrupting antiretrovirals. Following large increases in CSF MCP-1, CSF leukocytosis (15-166 cells/microL) developed in 4 of 6 subjects. Both initial MCP-1 levels and subsequent changes were 3-fold larger in CSF than plasma. The magnitude and timing of changes suggested that MCP-1 triggers the development of CSF pleocytosis.
authors.affiliation: Alameda Princesa Izabel 1223/AP51, Curitiba-PR CEP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Monteiro de Almeida
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Letendre
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kolakowski
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lazzaretto
authors.forename: J Allen
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: McCutchan
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000502:physiology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D006801:Humans; D007964:Leukocytosis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2