title: Dietary intake of toxic and essential trace elements by the children and parents living in Tokyo Metropolitan Area, Japan.
abstract: This study estimated the dietary intakes of 25 pairs of Japanese children and their parents to 12 toxic and essential trace elements using 7-day duplicate diet composites. The estimated intakes of lead (children = 5.34 microg day-1, adults = 6.74 microg day-1) and tin (162 and 152 microg day-1) were below tolerable limits, but large difference in aluminium intakes (7.32 and 12.1 mg day-1) among the subjects warranted further investigations. Intakes of cadmium in both children and adults (13.2 and 15.9 microg day-1) were high, but a low uranium (U) intake was observed (0.593 and 0.587 microg day-1). Intakes of copper (567 and 784 microg day-1), manganese (1.56 and 2.72 mg day-1), zinc (4.93 and 6.75 mg day-1), and molybdenum (103 and 131 microg day-1) were close to the recommended values. Concentrations of chromium, nickel and selenium were lower than the detection limits in most cases.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Studies, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656, Japan. aung@env.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: N N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Aung
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoshinaga
authors.forename: J-I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004032:Diet; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D011786:Quality Control; D014041:Tokyo; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances; D014131:Trace Elements