title: Clinical characterization and evaluation of DYT1 gene in Indian primary dystonia patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dystonia is a common movement disorder. The purpose of this study is to examine the relative distribution of the primary dystonia subtypes and identify mutation (s) in the DYT1 gene in Indian patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary dystonia patients (n = 178) and controls (n = 63), lacking any symptoms of the disease, were recruited for the study from eastern India. The nucleotide variants in the DYT1 gene were identified by carrying out polymerase chain reaction, single stranded conformation polymorphism, and DNA sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Unlike other reports, pain and/or tremor was more common in our sporadic patients than in familial cases. Three reported and two novel changes were identified in this gene. The homozygous genotype (G,G) for a missense variant (c.646G > C; Asp216His) was significantly over-represented in the patients compared with controls (P < 0.05). However, the commonly reported 3 bp deletion (904-906delGAG) was not detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the DYT1 gene might have a limited role in causation of dystonia in the Indian population.
authors.affiliation: S. N. Pradhan Centre for Neurosciences, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naiya
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biswas
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Neogi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Datta
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Misra
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ray
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001483:Base Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000235:genetics*; D017384:Sequence Deletion / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018832:Molecular Chaperones; C108175:TOR1A protein, human