title: Physical examination: Mallampati score as an independent predictor of obstructive sleep apnea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the clinical usefulness of the Mallampati score in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Mallampati scoring of the orophyarynx is a simple noninvasive method used to assess the difficulty of endotracheal intubation, but its clinical usefulness has not been validated in patients with sleep-disordered breathing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective multivariate assessment of a predictor variable.
  
  
  METHODS
  The UCSF Sleep Disorders Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty-seven adult patients who were evaluated for possible obstructive sleep apnea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective determination of the Mallampati score, assessment of other variables for multivariate analysis, and subsequent overnight polysomnography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Mallampati score was an independent predictor of both the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea. On average, for every 1-point increase in the Mallampati score, the odds of having obstructive sleep apnea (apnea-hypopnea index> or = 5) increased more than 2-fold (odds ratio [per 1-point increase] = 2.5; 95% confidence interval: 1.2-5.0; p = .01), and the apnea-hypopnea index increased by more than 5 events per hour (coefficient = 5.2; 95% confidence interval: 0.2-10; p = .04). These results were independent of more than 30 variables that reflected airway anatomy, body habitus, symptoms, and medical history.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that Mallampati scoring is a useful part of the physical examination of patients prior to polysomnography. The independent association between Mallampati score and presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea suggests that this scoring system will have practical value in clinical settings and prospective studies of sleep-disordered breathing.
authors.affiliation: The California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco 94115-1821, USA. nuckton@cpmcri.org
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Nuckton
authors.forename: David V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Glidden
authors.forename: Warren S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Browner
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Claman
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D010808:Physical Examination; D017286:Polysomnography; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000453:epidemiology; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology