title: Lyon Playfair (1818-1898) and compulsory vaccination.
abstract: Lyon Playfair was born in India but brought up by his uncle in St Andrews. He studied medicine in Glasgow and Edinburgh but never practised as a doctor. Instead he worked for the chemist Thomas Graham in London and then studied for a PhD with Liebig in Germany. While serving on a government commission he became very interested in public health, particularly the control of infectious diseases. In 1883, while a member of parliament, he made a passionate speech in support of a government bill in favour of compulsory vaccination against smallpox. He was violently attacked for his speech in a pamphlet by William White, an adherent of the teachings of the Swedish mystic Emanuel Swedenborg. Playfair died in 1898 and is buried in St Andrews.
authors.affiliation: Bute Medical School, Purdie Building, St Andrews KY16 9ST. arb3@st-and.ac.uk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Butler
mesh_terms: D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D011634:Public Health / Q000266:history*; D012606:Scotland; D014611:Vaccination / Q000266:history*