title: Constitutive expression of thrombospondin 1 in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells inhibits mineralization.
abstract: Thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) is a multifunctional extracellular glycoprotein present mainly in the fetal and adult skeleton. Although an inhibitory effect of TSP1 against pathological mineralization in cultured vascular pericytes has been shown, its involvement in physiological mineralization by osteoblasts is still unknown. To determine the role of TSP1 in biomineralization, mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in the presence of antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides complementary to the TSP1 sequence. The 18- and 24-mer antisense oligonucleotides caused concentration-dependent increases in the number of mineralized nodules, acid-soluble calcium deposition in the cell/matrix layer, and alkaline phosphatase activity within 9 days, without affecting cell proliferation. The corresponding sense or scrambled oligonucleotides did not affect these parameters. In the antisense oligonucleotide-treated MC3T3-E1 cells, thickened extracellular matrix, well-developed cell processes, increased intracellular organelles, and collagen fibril bundles were observed. On the other hand, the addition of TSP1 to the culture decreased the production of a mineralized matrix by MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, MC3T3-E1 clones overexpressing mouse TSP1 were established and assayed for TSP1 protein and their capacity to mineralize. TSP1 dose-dependently inhibited mineralization by these cells both in vitro and in vivo. These results indicate that TSP1 functions as an inhibitory regulator of bone mineralization and matrix production by osteoblasts to sustain bone homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Akemichi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.forename: Taigo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horiguchi
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Intan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ruspita
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Kikuji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noma
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000187:drug effects; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D017690:Cell Transplantation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019700:Thrombospondin 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019700:Thrombospondin 1; D015675:Osteocalcin; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase