title: The safety of hydroquinone.
abstract: Hydroquinone is one of the most effective molecules for the treatment of hyperpigmentary disorders, with over 40 years of efficacy and safety data. Concerns over its safety have been raised because of the fact that it is a derivative of benzene and because of the long-term side-effects observed with cosmetic products containing high concentrations of hydroquinone. However, despite 40-50 years use of hydroquinone for medical conditions, there has not been a single documented case of either a cutaneous or internal malignancy associated with this drug. This article reviews the evidence for the safety of hydroquinone in the treatment of hyperpigmentation conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Nordlund
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Grimes
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ortonne
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003358:Cosmetics; D006801:Humans; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000506:poisoning / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017495:Hyperpigmentation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D012449:Safety
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D006873:Hydroquinones; C031927:hydroquinone