title: An animal model in sheep for biocompatibility testing of biomaterials in cancellous bones.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The past years have seen the development of many synthetic bone replacements. To test their biocompatibility and ability for osseointegration, osseoinduction and -conduction requires their placement within bone preferably in an animal experiment of a higher species.
  
  
  METHODS
  A suitable experimental animal model in sheep with drill holes of 8 mm diameter and 13 mm depth within the proximal and distal humerus and femur for testing biocompatibility issues is introduced.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This present sheep model allows the placing of up to 8 different test materials within one animal and because of the standardization of the bone defect, routine evaluation by means of histomorphometry is easily conducted. This method was used successfully in 66 White Alpine Sheep. When the drill holes were correctly placed no complications such as spontaneous fractures were encountered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This experimental animal model serves an excellent basis for testing the biocompatibility of novel biomaterials to be used as bone replacement or new bone formation enhancing materials.
authors.affiliation: Musculoskeletal Research Unit (MSRU), Equine Hospital, Vetsuisse Faculty, Zurich, Switzerland. katja.nuss@vetclinics.unizh.ch
authors.forename: Katja M R
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Nuss
authors.forename: Joerg A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Auer
authors.forename: Alois
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boos
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: von Rechenberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D018483:Diaphyses / Q000502:physiology; D004838:Epiphyses / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000502:physiology; D006811:Humerus / Q000502:physiology; D008422:Materials Testing; D023421:Models, Animal; D016348:Osseointegration; D011859:Radiography; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes