title: Association of emergence of HLA antibody and acute rejection in intestinal transplant recipients: a possible evidence of acute humoral sensitization.
abstract: Development of HLA antibody has been associated with chronic allograft failure in kidney recipients. We tested HLA antibody in posttransplant sera of intestinal recipients: 126 sera from 28 pediatric recipients were tested for HLA antibody by flow PRA (f-PRA). Median age was 1.1 years (0.44-17). Graft types included isolated intestine (n = 6), liver and intestine (n = 3), modified multivisceral (n = 3), and multivisceral grafts (n = 16). Greater than 10% of either class I (CI) or class II (CII) f-PRA was considered positive, and >30% strongly positive. Five of 28 patients had positive f-PRA in multiple samples; the remaining 23 had either no positive or only one positive sample. Three patients had strongly positive f-PRA. Patients with multiple positive samples were recipients of two modified multivisceral and three multivisceral grafts. Only one of these patients had a positive PRA pretransplant. Cytotoxic cross-match at transplant was negative for all. The three with strongly positive f-PRA showed significant episodes of rejection around the time of positive samples. One of them who persistently had f-PRA value >80% (from day 13-113) died of refractory rejection. The other two had f-PRA of 76% and 53% during the early postoperative course with associated episodes of rejection. F-PRA value decreased with rejection therapy. Only one of the 23 patients (4%) with negative f-PRA had an episode of rejection around the time of sample collection. Development of HLA antibody after intestinal transplantation seems to have significant association with acute rejection episodes.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Transplant, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Immunopathology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1801 W. 9th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA. tkato@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Terasaki
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quintini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Selvaggi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tzakis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D000917:Antibody Formation; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000637:transplantation; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000276:immunology; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000276:immunology; D014781:Viscera / Q000637:transplantation*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D006680:HLA Antigens