Phagocyte-derived reactive species: salvation or suicide?
Activated phagocytes produce "reactive oxygen, halogen and nitrogen species" that help to kill some types of microorganism. How these species destroy microorganisms remains, however, an enigma: both direct oxidative damage and indirect damage (whereby reactive species promote the actions of other antibacterial agents) are involved, and no single mechanism is likely to account for the killing of all microorganisms. Phagocyte-derived reactive species are known to injure human tissues and to contribute to inflammation. Recently, however, we have learned that they can also be anti-inflammatory by modulating the immune response. These data have implications for the proposed use of antioxidants to treat inflammation.
Halliwell
Barry
B
Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, MD7 Level 2, 117597 Singapore. bchbh@nus.edu.sg
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
D000975:Antioxidants; D005609:Free Radicals; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013481:Superoxides