title: Prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in sporadic idiopathic hypoparathyroidism in comparison to type 1 diabetes and premature ovarian failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thyroid autoimmunity is the most common coexistent endocrinopathy in type 1 diabetes (T1D), Addison's disease, and premature ovarian failure (POF). Although the role of autoimmunity is being investigated in patients with sporadic idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (SIH), there is little information on coexistent thyroid autoimmunity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to assess the prevalence of thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies (TPOAb) and thyroid dysfunction in patients with SIH and its comparison with that in T1D, POF, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (for SIH).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a case control study in a tertiary care setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were consecutive patients with SIH (n = 87), T1D (n = 100), POF (n = 58), and HT (n = 47) and healthy controls (100 females and 64 males). Serum free T3, free T4, TSH, and TPOAb (normal < or = 34 IU/ml) were measured by electrochemiluminescence assay. Subjects with 1) serum TSH at least 5 microU/ml along with TPOAb more than 34 IU/ml; 2) TSH at least 10 microU/ml but normal TPOAb titers; or 3) Graves' disease were considered to have thyroid dysfunction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TPOAb positivity (> 34 IU/ml) in females was 14.6% in SIH, 24.1% in POF, and 42.1% in T1D compared with 76.6% in HT and 9% in healthy controls. The frequencies of TPOAb positivity and thyroid dysfunction in patients with SIH were comparable to those in control and POF groups, but significantly less than in T1D and HT groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequencies of TPOAb and thyroid dysfunction were not significantly higher in patients with SIH than in healthy controls, unlike in patients with T1D and POF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India. gosravinder@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ravinder
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Goswami
authors.forename: Raman Kumar
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Marwaha
authors.forename: Deepti
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goswami
authors.forename: Nandita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Debarti
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: Neeraj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomar
authors.forename: Satveer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D050031:Hashimoto Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007011:Hypoparathyroidism / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase / Q000276:immunology; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013960:Thyroid Function Tests; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins; C056658:TPO protein, human; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase