title: Preptin, another peptide product of the pancreatic beta-cell, is osteogenic in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Several hormones that regulate nutritional status also impact on bone metabolism. Preptin is a recently isolated 34-amino acid peptide hormone that is cosecreted with insulin and amylin from the pancreatic beta-cells. Preptin corresponds to Asp(69)-Leu(102) of pro-IGF-II. Increased circulating levels of a pro-IGF-II peptide complexed with IGF-binding protein-2 have been implicated in the high bone mass phenotype observed in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. We have assessed preptin's activities on bone. Preptin dose-dependently stimulated the proliferation (cell number and DNA synthesis) of primary fetal rat osteoblasts and osteoblast-like cell lines at periphysiological concentrations (>10(-11) M). In addition, thymidine incorporation was stimulated in murine neonatal calvarial organ culture, likely reflecting the proliferation of cells from the osteoblast lineage. Preptin did not affect bone resorption in this model. Preptin induced phosphorylation of p42/p44 MAP kinases in osteoblastic cells in a dose-dependent manner (10(-8)-10(-10) M), and its proliferative effects on primary osteoblasts were blocked by MAP kinase kinase inhibitors. Preptin also reduced osteoblast apoptosis induced by serum deprivation, reducing the number of apoptotic cells by >20%. In vivo administration of preptin increased bone area and mineralizing surface in adult mice. These data demonstrate that preptin, which is cosecreted from the pancreatic beta-cell with amylin and insulin, is anabolic to bone and may contribute to the preservation of bone mass observed in hyperinsulinemic states such as obesity.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Medicine, Univ. of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, NZ, USA. j.cornish@auckland.ac.nz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cornish
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Callon
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bava
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Grey
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Naot
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.forename: G J S
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Reid
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001846:Bone Development / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037342:Pertussis Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D058287:Receptors, Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D041701:Swiss 3T3 Cells
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010455:Peptides; D058287:Receptors, Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; C443100:preptin; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3