title: Characteristics of asthma resistant to moderate dose inhaled corticosteroid treatment on bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was performed to determine the clinical characteristics of asthmatics with bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) that could not be normalized by 6 months of treatment with a moderate dose of an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-four symptomatic patients with mild to moderate asthma, who had never received any ICS, were treated with 200 mug of inhaled fluticasone propionate twice a day for 6 months. Spirometry, BHR to methacholine, exhaled nitric oxide (NO) and eosinophils in induced sputum were examined before and 2 and 6 months after beginning treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FEV1 was increased and bronchial responsiveness, exhaled NO and sputum eosinophilia were significantly decreased 2 and 6 months after starting ICS treatment. Bronchial responsiveness was further decreased at 6 months together with a further increase in FEV1. In 13 patients, BHR was not normalized despite the 6 months of treatment. This group showed a higher prevalence of males, those with a smoking history and airflow limitation, a higher eosinophil count in the sputum following 6 months of treatment and a longer history of asthma. Multiple, stepwise, linear regression analysis showed that sputum eosinophilia and lower FEV1/FVC following 6 months of treatment and a longer history of asthma were significant independent determinants for BHR after 6 months of ICS treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the resistance to a moderate dose of ICS for BHR in asthmatics may be significantly associated with remained airflow limitation, eosinophilic airway inflammation resistive to moderate dose of ICS, and delayed introduction of ICS therapy.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto.
authors.forename: Keisaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Urushibata
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hanaoka
authors.forename: Tomonobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Keishi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kubo
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D000068298:Fluticasone; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000730:Androstadienes; D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000068298:Fluticasone