title: An anthocyanin/polyphenolic-rich fruit juice reduces oxidative DNA damage and increases glutathione level in healthy probands.
abstract: Oxidative cell damage is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes and other diseases. Uptake of fruit juice with especially high content of antioxidant flavonoids/polyphenols, might reduce oxidative cell damage. Therefore, an intervention study was performed with a red mixed berry juice [trolox equivalent antioxidative capacity (TEAC): 19.1 mmol/L trolox] and a corresponding polyphenol-depleted juice (polyphenols largely removed, TEAC 2.4 mmol/L trolox), serving as control. After a 3-week run-in period, 18 male probands daily consumed 700 mL juice, and 9 consumed control juice, in a 4-week intervention, followed by a 3-week wash-out. Samples were collected weekly to analyze DNA damage (comet assay), lipid peroxidation (plasma malondialdehyde: HPLC/fluorescence; urinary isoprostanes: GC-MS), blood glutathione (photometrically), DNA-binding activity of nuclear factor-kappaB (ELISA) and plasma carotenoid/alpha-tocopherol levels (HPLC-DAD). During intervention with the fruit juice, a decrease of oxidative DNA damage (p<5x10(-4)) and an increase of reduced glutathione (p<5x10(-4)) and of glutathione status (p<0.05) were observed, which returned to the run-in levels in the subsequent wash-out phase. The other biomarkers were not significantly modulated by the juice supplement. Intervention with the control juice did not result in reduction of oxidative damage. In conclusion, the fruit juice clearly reduces oxidative cell damage in healthy probands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Division of Food Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Weisel
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baum
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Eisenbrand
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dietrich
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Will
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Stockis
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kulling
authors.forename: Corinna
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rüfer
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Johannes
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Janzowski
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001628:Beverages; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis* / Q000187:drug effects*; D004249:DNA Damage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage; D059808:Polyphenols; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D004247:DNA; D005978:Glutathione