title: Effect of low-molecular-weight heparin on the commitment of bone marrow cells to liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in CCl(4)-induced liver injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recently liver regeneration by bone marrow transplantation has been proposed as an alternative source of functional liver cells. We investigate commitment of bone marrow cells (BMCs) to liver regeneration and the effect of dalteparin sodium (DS) on regeneration of the damaged liver caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) administration in the mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Liver injury was produced in 8-week-old mice by treating with CCl(4) for 4 weeks. Thereafter, mice received a lethal dose of irradiation (10Gy) to whole body, followed by injection of 1x10(7) green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive BMCs via the tail vein. DS (50IU/kg, intraperitoneally) was administered daily for 28 consecutive days starting at 1 day post-BMC transplantation. Lineage marker analysis of GFP-positive liver cells was performed immunostaining with a CD31 antibody.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four weeks after BMC transplantation, GFP-positive cells in the CCl(4)-damaged liver could be detected in the lobule displaying a meshwork architecture extending from the periportal to pericentral regions, a pattern simulating sinusoidal lining. This localization of GFP-positive cells suggested that these cells were closely associated with sinusoidal endothelial cells. By staining the GFP-positive cells for CD31, it was confirmed that the majority of the GFP-positive cells are also positive for CD31. The GFP(+)CD31(+) cells were barely detected in the control group (1.0+/-1.2 per field). In marked contrast, a numerous number of GFP(+)CD31(+) cells were detected in the liver section obtained from the CCl(4)-induced liver damage group (3.8+/-1.3 per field, P<0.05 versus control). The number of GFP(+)CD31(+) cells in CCl(4) plus DS-treated group was further increased to 8.3+/-1.3 per field (P<0.05 versus CCl(4)-induced liver damage group).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of GFP-positive BMCs was committed to sinusoidal endothelial cells. DS promoted BMC differentiation into sinusoidal endothelial cells in the CCl(4)-damaged liver.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Serizawa
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.forename: Hironao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okubo
authors.forename: Shunhei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamasina
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Enomoto
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sato