title: The implication of obesity on total antioxidant capacity in apparently healthy men and women: the ATTICA study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the association of obesity with serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), in a population-based sample of 3042 adults.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During 2001-2002 we randomly enrolled 1514 men (18-87 years old) and 1528 women (18-89 years old), from the Attica area in Greece into the study, and the sample was stratified by the age-sex distribution of the region (census 2001). Among several variables we also measured serum TAC and weight, height, waist and hip circumferences. Waist circumference greater than 102 cm for men and 88 cm for women was considered an indicator of central fat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean waist circumference was 98+/-13 cm in men and 84+/-22 cm in women (P<0.001), while mean hip circumference was 106+/-28 cm in men and 103+/-13 cm in women (P<0.001). Central fat prevailed in 53% of men and 45% of women (P<0.001). Male participants with central fat exhibited 5% lower TAC concentrations compared to leaner individuals (214+/-35 vs. 226+/-33 micromol/L, P=0.04) and female participants with central fat exhibited 7% lower TAC concentrations (256+/-38 vs. 239+/-27 micromol/L, P=0.03). Similarly, obese or overweight male participants had 6% lower TAC concentrations compared to normal weight (217+/-33 vs. 234+/-39 micromol/L, P=0.03) and female obese or overweight participants had 10% lower TAC concentrations (226+/-32 vs. 250+/-30 micromol/L, P=0.02) compared to the others.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest an inverse relationship between body fat, central adiposity and antioxidant capacity, irrespective of age and various other potential confounders, namely smoking, physical activity, dietary habits, blood pressure, glucose levels, and lipid concentrations.
authors.affiliation: First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chrysohoou
authors.forename: Demosthenes B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Panagiotakos
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pitsavos
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Skoumas
authors.forename: Lambros
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Papademetriou
authors.forename: Manolis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Economou
authors.forename: Christodoulos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stefanadis
mesh_terms: D050153:Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers