Herpes zoster in HIV infection with osteonecrosis of the jaw and tooth exfoliation.
BACKGROUND
Herpes zoster (HZ) infection of the trigeminal nerve is associated with complications such as postherpetic neuralgia, facial scarring, loss of hearing ability and conjunctivitis. Until 2005, postherpetic alveolar necrosis and spontaneous tooth exfoliation have been described in 20 cases unrelated to HIV infection.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to describe HIV infection in patients (two women, two men, average age 30 years) who suffered from HZ attacks to their trigeminal nerves.


METHODS
None of the patients had received antiherpetic medications or antiretroviral therapy. HIV infection was only diagnosed after the development of HZ. Facial scarring with depigmentation and hyperesthesia (postherpetic neuralgia) was diagnosed in all four patients. Oral findings consisted of spontaneous loss of both maxillary or mandibular teeth. Osteonecrosis of varying extent was also found. Treatment consisted of extractions of teeth and administration of antibiotics and analgesics. Healing of alveolar wounds was unremarkable.


CONCLUSIONS
Complications affecting the alveolar bone and teeth seem to be rare in HIV-infected patients.
Siwamogstham
P
P
Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Kuansuwan
C
C
Reichart
P A
PA
D000328:Adult; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000209:etiology / Q000821:virology; D005148:Facial Dermatoses / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D005156:Facial Neuralgia / Q000821:virology; D019066:Facies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006562:Herpes Zoster / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017193:Skin Diseases, Viral / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D016388:Tooth Loss / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D014086:Tooth Mobility / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D020433:Trigeminal Nerve Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology*