title: Genetic polymorphisms in the MMP-1 and MMP-3 gene may contribute to chronic periodontitis in a Brazilian population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -3 (MMP-1, MMP-3) represent proteinases that degrade macromolecules of the extracellular matrix. These enzymes play a fundamental role during destruction of periodontal tissues. Genetic polymorphisms were characterized in the promoter region of the MMP-1 and MMP-3 genes. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between these genetic variations with chronic periodontitis in a Brazilian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-smoking subjects (n = 114) exhibiting sites > or = 5 mm clinical attachment loss were recruited for study. Control subjects (n = 109) should not exhibit clinical signals of periodontitis. MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G, -519 A/G) and MMP-3 (-1612 5A/6A) gene promoter polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-RFLP methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of polymorphisms showed no differences in distribution of the -1607 1G/2G and -519 A/G variants in the MMP-1 gene between the healthy and periodontitis group (p > 0.05). However, the distribution of genotype frequencies of the -1612 5A/6A polymorphism in the MMP-3 gene showed that the 5A/5A genotype was significantly more frequent in the periodontitis group (p = 0.008). The same was not observed in the 5A/6A genotype once only one 5A allele is carried. We also observed a trend to increase the frequency of the MMP-1/MMP-3 haplotype (2G/5A) in the periodontitis group (p = 0.08).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of the results, no significant association is found for the MMP-1 polymorphisms with susceptibility of periodontitis, while the MMP-3 gene polymorphism may contribute to periodontal tissue destruction during periodontitis in Brazilian subjects.
authors.affiliation: Oral Biology Program, University of Sagrado, Coração-Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudia Maria
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Astolfi
authors.forename: André Luís
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: Rodrigo Augusto
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Maria Cristina Leme Godoy
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Sergio Roberto Peres
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Line
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: de Souza
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D001938:Brazil; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006147:Guanine; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000235:genetics*; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D006147:Guanine; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; D000225:Adenine