title: Sitting posture affects pelvic floor muscle activity in parous women: an observational study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Do different sitting postures require different levels of pelvic floor and abdominal muscle activity in healthy women?
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight parous women with no pelvic floor dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bilateral activity of pelvic floor muscles (assessed vaginally) and two abdominal muscles, obliquus internus abdominis and obliquus externus abdominis, during three sitting postures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant increase in pelvic floor muscle activity from slump supported sitting (mean 7.2% maximal voluntary contraction, SD 4.8) to both upright unsupported sitting (mean 12.6% maximal voluntary contraction, SD 7.8) (p = 0.01) and very tall unsupported sitting (mean 24.3% maximal voluntary contraction, SD 14.2) (p = 0.004). Activity in both abdominal muscles also increased but did not reach statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both unsupported sitting postures require greater pelvic floor muscle activity than the supported sitting posture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. rsapsford@ozemail.com.au
authors.forename: Ruth R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Sapsford
authors.forename: Carolyn A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Warren R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Stanton
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007699:Kinesthesis / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010298:Parity / Q000502:physiology*; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy