title: Utilizing SENSE to reduce scan duration in high-resolution contrast-enhanced renal MR angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the use of sensitivity encoding (SENSE) to reduce scan time and decrease detrimental artifacts arising from motion and bolus profile effects during contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) of the renal arteries (RAs).
  
  
  METHODS
  A direct comparison of conventional and SENSE (acceleration factor 2) CE-MRA protocols was performed on 20 patients. Each patient underwent both scans. Both protocols achieved the same resolution, but the SENSE protocol was 50% faster and utilized a faster injection than the conventional scan. Three radiologists graded the images for image quality, artifact levels, and reader confidence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) decreased (26+/-5 vs. 30+/-10; P=0.04) with the SENSE protocol, the image-quality scores for four identified segments of the RAs increased or were unchanged. The largest improvements in image quality occurred in the more distal segments of the RAs. Parenchymal ringing (P=0.005) and RA blurring (P=0.006) were significantly reduced, and there was a trend toward improvement of RA ringing despite the increased injection rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The faster SENSE scan maintained nearly the same SNR (due to faster injection of Gd-chelate), reduced artifact levels, and improved image quality ratings for the distal renal vessels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Puget Sound VA Health Care System, Seattle, University of Washington 98109, USA, and Maastricht University Hospital, The Netherlands. Gregory.Wilson@Philips.com
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: William B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Eubank
authors.forename: G Boudewijn C
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Vasbinder
authors.forename: Alfons G H
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Kessels
authors.forename: Romhild M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Hoogeveen
authors.forename: Raja
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Muthupillai
authors.forename: Jeffrey H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Maki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016477:Artifacts; D003287:Contrast Media; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009038:Motion; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media