title: What is the link between nonlocalizing sestamibi scans, multigland disease, and persistent hypercalcemia? A study of 401 consecutive patients undergoing parathyroidectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We hypothesized that nonlocalizing sestamibi scans would correlate with multigland disease and persistent primary hyperparathyroidism.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed records for 401 consecutive patients who underwent parathyroidectomy from 1999 to 2004. Gender, age, preoperative imaging, surgical findings, gland weight and volume, and 6-month calcium levels (Ca) were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 289 women and 112 men, 297 of whom had a preoperative sestamibi scan localized to a single gland (localized group; LG). Ninety-six percent of the LG were found to have single-gland disease, and 4% had multigland disease (MGD). In the nonlocalized group (NLG), 76% had single-gland disease and 24% MGD. Mean gland weight was greater in the LG than in the NLG (1128 mg vs 699 mg; P < .05). Mean gland volume was larger in the LG (1.34 cc vs 0.89 cc; P < .05). A localizing sestamibi scan had a positive predictive value (PPV) of 96% and a likelihood ratio of 2.29 for predicting "curative" intraoperative parathyroid hormone drop after removal of a single abnormal gland. Patients were stratified into normocalcemic (NCa) and hypercalcemic (HCa) groups based on 6-month postoperative serum calcium data (n = 328). HCa incidence at 6 months did not differ significantly between the LG (5%) and NLG (3%). A localizing scan had a PPV of 95% for normocalcemia at 6 months. A nonlocalizing scan had a PPV of 21% for HCa at 6 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nonlocalizing sestamibi scans were more common in primary hyperparathyroidism with MGD and were associated with smaller-volume abnormal glands found at operation. Preoperative sestamibi scan-results did not predict HCa at 6 months.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal & Endocrine Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Bill
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Cord
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sturgeon
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Angelos
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D049950:Hyperparathyroidism, Primary / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009377:Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D016105:Parathyroidectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D002118:Calcium