Natural-based repellent products: efficacy for military and general public uses.
The major points addressed in this article regarding natural- or herbal-based repellents are as follows. 1) It is important to recognize the end user when developing and testing repellents. There is a major difference between repellents suitable for nuisance management by the general public as compared with military or public health uses when battle-field conditions or a disease risk is present. 2) The experimental design used to determine repellent efficacy must also recognize the end user. Pest densities should reflect real-world conditions as much as possible. 3) The experimental design should be directed to the pest population, not at a different product. Remember, we should use scientific logic, not market-driven tactics. 4) There is a need for specific regulatory standards for natural repellents to insure not only quality but the proper and most effective means of application and use. 5) There is a need for increased research and development for natural and synthetic repellents.
Novak
Robert J
RJ
University of Illinois, Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign 61820, USA.
Gerberg
Eugene J
EJ
D000818:Animals; D001688:Biological Products / Q000266:history; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings / Q000517:prevention & control; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000266:history; D008887:Military Medicine / Q000266:history
D001688:Biological Products; D007302:Insect Repellents