A prospective study of 100 cases of penile cancer managed according to European Association of Urology guidelines.
OBJECTIVE
To prospectively assess the outcome of patients treated according to the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on the management of penile cancer, a system originally based on retrospective series.


METHODS
Between 2002 and 2005, 100 consecutive patients (median age 62 years) with penile cancer were treated at one institution; all were categorized and treated according to EAU guidelines. Data were analysed using the z-test, with significance defined as P < 0.05.


RESULTS
Survival curves were limited to those with >12 months of follow-up (mean 29); the survival of the whole group was 92%. Of men with palpable nodes, 72% had lymph node involvement, whereas 18% of those with impalpable nodes who had lymphadenectomy according to the guidelines had lymph node disease. The grade of the primary tumour was more predictive than T stage for lymph node involvement and survival. The 3-year disease-specific survival for N0, N1 and N2 disease was 100%, 100% and 73%, respectively, and survival at 12 months for N3 disease was 67%. The median survival for those with metastases was 3 months.


CONCLUSIONS
The overall survival of men with penile cancer is high, with a clear benefit for early lymphadenectomy in men with positive nodal disease. However, the current EAU guidelines are limited in predicting those patients with micrometastatic disease, with the result that 82% of patients undergo unnecessary prophylactic lymphadenectomy. There is a need to identify more accurate molecular markers for predicting lymph node disease, or the role of novel staging techniques must be assessed.
Hegarty
Paul K
PK
Urology, Institute of Urology, and Pathology, University College Hospital London, London, UK. Paulhego@hotmail.com
Kayes
Oliver
O
Freeman
Alex
A
Christopher
Nim
N
Ralph
David J
DJ
Minhas
Suks
S
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010412:Penile Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011446:Prospective Studies