Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and sol-gel-based immunoaffinity purification (IAP) of the pyrethroid bioallethrin in food and environmental samples.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and sol-gel-based immunoaffinity purification (IAP) methods for the pyrethroid bioallethrin were developed and applied for monitoring bioallethrin in spiked food, soil, and dust samples. Attempts to determine bioallethrin content in fruit and vegetable extracts revealed high variability between sample preparations and marked interferences with the assay. Sol-gel IAP followed by solid-phase sample concentration was effective in removing the interfering components and resulted in high recovery of bioallethrin from spiked crude acetonic extracts of fruits and vegetables, even in the presence of high extract concentrations (28%). Solid-phase treatment alone failed to remove the interfering components from the spiked sample. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the IAP samples revealed bioallethrin as a doublet unsolved peak because of the cis and trans isomer present in the standard with confirmation of its mass. Unlike fruit and vegetable extracts, soil and dust samples did not interfere with the ELISA, and the bioallethrin content in those samples could be determined with high precision without the need of any further purification.
Kaware
Mohammed
M
Environmental Protection and Research Institute, Gaza, Palestine, Department of Entomology, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel.
Bronshtein
Alisa
A
Safi
Jamal
J
Van Emon
Jeanette M
JM
Chuang
Jane C
JC
Hock
Bertold
B
Kramer
Karl
K
Altstein
Miriam
M
D000487:Allethrins / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity / Q000379:methods*; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D007158:Immunologic Techniques; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry
D000487:Allethrins; D004391:Dust; D012987:Soil; C018465:bioallethrin