Caffeic acid ameliorates early and delayed brain injuries after focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of caffeic acid on early and delayed injuries after focal cerebral ischemia in rats, and the possible relation to 5-lipoxygenase inhibition.


METHODS
Transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in Sprague-Dawley rats. Caffeic acid (10 and 50 mg/kg) was ip injected for 5 d after ischemia. The brain injuries were observed, and the levels of cysteinyl leukotrienes and leukotriene B4 in the brain tissue were measured.


RESULTS
Caffeic acid (50 mg/kg) ameliorated neurological dysfunction and neuron loss, and decreased infarct volume 24 h after ischemia; it attenuated brain atrophy, infarct volume, and particularly astrocyte proliferation 14 d after ischemia. In addition, it reduced the production of leukotrienes (5-lipoxygenase metabolites) in the ischemic hemispheres 3 h and 7 d after ischemia.


CONCLUSIONS
Caffeic acid has protective effect on both early and delayed injuries after focal cerebral ischemia in rats; and this effect may partly relate to 5-lipoxygenase inhibition.
Zhou
Yu
Y
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China.
Fang
San-hua
SH
Ye
Yi-lu
YL
Chu
Li-sheng
LS
Zhang
Wei-ping
WP
Wang
Meng-ling
ML
Wei
Er-qing
EQ
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003545:Cysteine / Q000378:metabolism; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000150:complications; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000378:metabolism; D015289:Leukotrienes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D000975:Antioxidants; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D015289:Leukotrienes; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C112381:cysteinyl-leukotriene; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase; D003545:Cysteine; C040048:caffeic acid