title: Efficacy of mycofenolate mofetil for steroid-resistant acute rejection after living donor liver transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To discuss the use of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as an immunosuppressant in steroid resistant rejection after liver transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical records of 260 adult patients who underwent living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) were reviewed. Tacrolimus and methylprednisolone were used for primary immunosuppression. Acute rejection was first treated with steroids. When steroid resistance occurred, the patient was treated with a combination of steroids and MMF. Anti-T-cell monoclonal antibody was administered to patients who were not responsive to steroids in combination with MMF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 90 (35%) patients developed acute rejection. The median interval time from transplantation to the first episode was 15 d. Fifty-four patients were steroid resistant. Forty-four patients were treated with MMF and the remaining 10 required anti-T-cell monoclonal antibody treatment. Progression to chronic rejection was observed in one patient. Bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal symptoms were the most common side effects associated with MMF use. There was no significant increase in opportunistic infections.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate that MMF is a potent and safe immunosuppressive agent for rescue therapy in patients with acute rejection after LDLT.
authors.affiliation: Artificial Organ and Transplantation Division, Department of Surgery, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akamatsu
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.forename: Sumihito
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makuuchi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013256:Steroids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D013256:Steroids; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid