title: Vital tooth bleaching in dental practice: 2. Novel bleaching systems.
abstract: This paper describes some of the novel commercial approaches to tooth bleaching. Known as 'direct-to-consumer' products there are two main systems available, one employing coated, cellulose strips and the other a paint-on gel. A further development is the production of dentifrices that contain active hydrogen peroxide, made possible by the use of dual chambered tubes. Each of the systems is described and demonstrated and an overview of the research supporting their safe, effective use is presented in each case. It is likely that our patients have access to these products and, hence, it is important that we are aware of their strengths and weaknesses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The systems described within this paper are available for sale in Europe and over the internet. Patients may well be using, or planning to use, them and may ask for professional advice.
authors.affiliation: University of Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Brunton
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aminian
authors.forename: Iain A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Pretty
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000379:methods*; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000628:therapy*; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D016877:Oxidants; D010545:Peroxides; D014100:Toothpastes; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide