title: Attention effects at auditory periphery derived from human scalp potentials: displacement measure of potentials.
abstract: It is known in humans that electrophysiological measures such as the auditory brainstem response (ABR) are difficult to identify the attention effect at the auditory periphery, whereas the centrifugal effect has been detected by measuring otoacoustic emissions. This research developed a measure responsive to the shift of human scalp potentials within a brief post-stimulus period (13 ms), that is, displacement percentage, and applied it to an experiment to retrieve the peripheral attention effect. In the present experimental paradigm, tone pips were exposed to the left ear whereas the other ear was masked by white noise. Twelve participants each conducted two conditions of either ignoring or attending to the tone pips. Relative to averaged scalp potentials in the ignoring condition, the shift of the potentials was found within early component range during the attentive condition, and displacement percentage then revealed a significant magnitude difference between the two conditions. These results suggest that, using a measure representing the potential shift itself, the peripheral effect of attention can be detected from human scalp potentials.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cognitive Psychophysiology, Faculty of Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan. kazunari@u-gakugei.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sekiguchi
authors.forename: Shukichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Era
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001307:Auditory Perception; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012535:Scalp / Q000502:physiology*