title: Impact of antiretroviral therapy on visfatin and retinol-binding protein 4 in HIV-infected subjects.
abstract: To determine circulating levels of adipocytokines, especially the recently characterized visfatin, and the fat-derived factor retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4) in HIV-infected subjects and their respective changes following treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Fourteen HIV-positive, HAART-naïve subjects were compared with 10 HIV-negative healthy controls and reassessed after a 1-year treatment with HAART. Plasma visfatin and RBP-4 were determined by ELISA, whereas leptin and adiponectin by RIA. Body composition was measured with dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) was assessed using insulin and glucose levels. Visfatin and RBP-4 levels in HIV-positive subjects were comparable with those of HIV-negative controls before treatment with HAART. Treatment with HAART for 12 months resulted in a 6.9-fold and 7.1-fold increase of visfatin and RBP-4 levels (+54.0 +/- 9.7 ng mL(-1), P < 0.0001 and +95.3 +/- 31.7 ng mL(-1), P < 0.01), respectively. Leptin (-2.7 +/- 1.6 ng mL(-1), P = 0.054) was unchanged and adiponectin (-2.8 +/- 0.7 microg mL(-1), P < 0.01) decreased. Changes of visfatin concentrations correlated significantly with the increases of RBP-4 (r = 0.78, P = 0.001), fat-free mass (FFM, r = 0.75, P < 0.05) and change of HOMA-IR (r = 0.64, P < 0.05). Parameters of glucose metabolism and body fat mass were unchanged during the observation period. Treatment with HAART induced a pronounced increase of plasma visfatin and RBP-4 as well as a decrease of adiponectin in HIV-infected patients on HAART. Although body weight, fat mass and parameters of glucose metabolism remained stable, the changes in the adipocytokines might herald subsequent alterations of these parameters.
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schindler
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Haider
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wolzt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rieger
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gmeinhart
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nowotny
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ludvik
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000379:methods*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; D012177:Retinol-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D016207:Cytokines; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; C101326:RBP4 protein, human; D012177:Retinol-Binding Proteins; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma; D002784:Cholesterol; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; C085455:nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, human; D005947:Glucose