title: Novel antifouling and antimicrobial compound from a marine-derived fungus Ampelomyces sp.
abstract: In this study, using a bioassay-guided isolation and purification procedure, we obtained 3-chloro-2,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol from a marine-derived Ampelomyces species that effectively inhibited larval settlement of the tubeworm Hydroides elegans and of cyprids of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite. The inhibitive effect on larval settlement was nontoxic and the EC50 of 3-chloro-2,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol ranged from 3.19 microg ml-1 to 3.81 microg ml-1 while the LC50 was 266.68 microg ml-1 for B. amphitrite cyprids; EC50 ranged from 0.67 microg ml-1 to 0.78 microg ml-1, and LC50 was 2.64 microg ml-1 for competent larvae of H. elegans, indicating that inhibitive effect of this compound was nontoxic. At a concentration of 50 mug per disc, this compound showed strong inhibitive effects on the growth of 13 out of 15 marine bacterial species tested in disc diffusion bioassay. Overall, the high inhibitory activities against bacteria and larval settlement as well as the non- or low-toxic nature of this compound to the barnacle and polychaete larvae suggest this compound could be a potent antifoulant and/or antibiotic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Coastal Marine Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Theresa Fuk Ning
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Kwong
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Xiancui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Pei Yuan
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000378:metabolism*; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008386:Marine Biology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011077:Polychaeta / Q000187:drug effects; D001468:Thoracica / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C520136:3-chloro-2,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols