title: Prognosis of proximal femoral fracture in patients aged 90 years and older.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the walking ability and survival outcome of patients aged 90 years and older who sustained proximal femoral fractures, and to compare the findings with those of younger patients reported in previous studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1997 and June 2004 inclusive, 56 patients (11 men and 45 women) aged 90 years and older (range, 90-103 years; mean, 93 years) with hip fracture were reviewed. Their walking ability and survival outcome at discharge was investigated. Comparison was made between patients aged 60 to 89 years and those aged 90 years and older with respect to sex, fracture type, and other characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 56 patients, 26 injured the right side and 30 the left side. Before injury, 33 (59%) were living at home and 23 (41%) were institutionalised in long-term care facilities or other hospitals. Fracture occurred at the femoral neck in 14 patients and at the trochanter in 42. Ten patients were treated conservatively because of severe dementia, co-morbidity, or refusal of surgery by the patients or their families, whereas 46 underwent surgery. Of the 45 who were previously ambulatory, 22 regained walking ability on discharge from hospital. None of the 10 patients treated conservatively were ambulatory on discharge. During hospitalisation, 4 became bedridden and 5 died (mainly due to pneumonia); among these 9 patients, 5 were deemed physically unfit for surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgery is the treatment of choice for patients aged 90 years and older with proximal femoral fracture. However, they have a lower rate of regaining pre-injury walking ability and a higher in-hospital death rate than younger patients.
authors.affiliation: Department Orthopaedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Kofu National Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan. tmhagino@amber.plala.or.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hagino
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maekawa
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bando
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hamada
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005265:Femoral Neck Fractures / Q000628:therapy; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016138:Walking