title: Establishment and characterization of a spindle cell squamous carcinoma cell line.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spindle cell squamous carcinoma (SCSC) is a rare and peculiar biphasic malignant neoplasm that occurs mainly in the upper aerodigestive tract. It consists of sarcomatoid proliferation of pleomorphic spindle-shaped cells and squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here, we established a SCSC cell line from a tumour arisen in gingiva. We characterized the feature of a SCSC cell line by immunohistochemistry. To know the biological feature, we examined the cell growth, invasiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers of a SCSC cell line in comparison with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By immunohistochemical analyses, the primary tumour expressed cytokeratin and vimentin, indicating carcinosarcoma-like characters. This tumour also showed overexpression of p53 protein. Cultured SCSC cells resulted in bypass of crisis and maintenance over passage 100. The established SCSC cell line was spindle-shaped and showed identical immunohistochemical characters to those of primary tumour cells. Similar to the primary tumour, the cell line showed p53 overexpression and had p53 mutation at codon 132: AAG (lys)-->AAT (asp). The SCSC cell line grew slower than two other OSCC cell lines (MSCC-1 and HSC-2), whereas SCSC cells had remarkable invasiveness in comparison with these cell lines. Moreover, SCSC cells expressed wnt-5a and vimentin mRNA at high levels, but did not express E-cadherin mRNA. This expression pattern of the markers was similar to that of mesenchymal cells, not of epithelial cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, we newly established a SCSC cell line with strong invasiveness. This is the first report on the establishment of SCSC cell line. The SCSC cell line can be a useful cell model for the study to know the cytodifferentiation and nature of SCSC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Division of Frontier Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan. ykudo@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasusei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Ikuko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Masae
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: Shojiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitajima
authors.forename: B S M
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Samadarani Siriwardena
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aobara
authors.forename: Chika
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Mutsumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyauchi
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takata
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D015820:Cadherins / Q000032:analysis; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D005887:Gingival Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007633:Keratins / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014746:Vimentin / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015820:Cadherins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D014746:Vimentin; C509415:p53 protein (325-355), human; D007633:Keratins