title: Efficacy of primary hormone therapy for localized or locally advanced prostate cancer: results of a 10-year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of primary hormone therapy for localized or locally advanced prostate cancer, by analysing the 10-year survival rates for men with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer treated with primary hormone therapy or prostatectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between February 1993 and March 1995, men with T1b, T1c or T2-3 N0M0 prostate cancer were enrolled. In all, 176 men who had a prostatectomy were assigned to Study 1 and were given adjuvant luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist; 151 men who did not have a prostatectomy were assigned to Study 2 and had LHRH agonist monotherapy or combined androgen blockade. They were followed until death, loss to follow-up, or until the end of the observation period (31 March 2004). We analysed all cases in each study as a single population, and compared Study 1 with Study 2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean patient ages were 67.2 years in Study 1 and 75.7 years in Study 2. During a median of 10.4 years of follow-up, 20 men in Study 1 and 17 in Study 2 died from prostate cancer, and 21 men in Study 1 and 50 in Study 2 died from other causes. In Study 1, the 10-year overall survival rate was 73% and the 10-year cause-specific survival rate was 86%, vs 41% and 78% in Study 2. Overall survival curves were similar to expected survival curves in both studies. There was no significant difference between studies in cause-specific survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The progression of prostate cancer was retarded by primary hormone therapy in men with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer. With primary hormone therapy or prostatectomy, the men had a life-expectancy similar to that of the normal population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan. akazah@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akaza
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: Michiyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Usami
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirao
authors.forename: Tomoyasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsushima
authors.forename: Kiyoki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aso
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone