title: Preventive effects of glycaemic control on ocular complications of Spontaneously Diabetic Torii rat.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rat is a new model of non-obese type 2 diabetes. SDT rats show severe ocular complications such as cataracts, tractional retinal detachment with fibrous proliferation and massive haemorrhaging in the anterior chamber. In the present study, blood glucose levels of SDT rats were controlled in order to examine whether these ocular complications are caused by hyperglycaemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  SDT rats were treated with an insulin implant to control blood glucose. To evaluate retinal function, we used electroretinograms (ERG) and measured vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations within the aqueous humour. Finally, we studied retinal flat-mounts and trypsin digestion to evaluate vascular abnormalities in SDT rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-four-week-old SDT rats displayed an increase in VEGF concentrations within the aqueous humour and significant prolongation of the peak latencies in ERG (Sigma(OP(1)-OP(4)); Sprague-Dawley (SD): 146.2 +/- 1.06 ms; SDT: 166.3 +/- 2.38 ms; SDT + insulin: 149.2 +/- 1.83 ms). Retinal flat-mounts of SDT rats showed venous dilation and meandering vascular networks. Furthermore, acellular capillaries were observed in the retinal trypsin digestion. Insulin treatment prevented these ocular abnormalities in SDT rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that ocular complications of SDT rats are caused by hyperglycaemia. The features of SDT rats indicate their usefulness for the future study of diabetic retinopathy.
authors.affiliation: Japan Tobacco, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan. tomohiko.sasase@ims.jti.co.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasase
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyajima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morinaga
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsushita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004596:Electroretinography; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A