title: Immunostimulatory effects of the anionic alkali mineral complex Barodon on equine lymphocytes.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that the anionic alkali mineral complex BARODON has an immunoenhancing effect on pigs as an adjuvant and as a nonspecific immunostimulant. Likewise, the equine immune system has been defined with various monoclonal antibodies specific to equine leukocyte differentiation antigens to determine the possibility of enhancing equine resistance to respiratory diseases and promoting other immunostimulatory effects with the application of BARODON. Compared with the control group, after 3 weeks of treatment, BARODON-treated groups showed higher proportions of cells (P < 0.05) expressing major histocompatibility complex class II and CD2, CD4(+), CD4(+) CD25(+), CD8(+), and CD8(+) CD25(+) T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and surface immunoglobulin M(+) B lymphocytes in peripheral blood, as well as enhanced cell proliferative responses with phytohemagglutinin and increased phagocytic activity against Streptococcus equi and Staphylococcus aureus strains with high antibiotic resistance, the bacteria frequently identified as etiologic agents of equine respiratory diseases at the Seoul Race Park in Seoul, Korea. This study shows that BARODON may act as an immunostimulator and can be an effective alternative to antimicrobial feed additives for nonspecific improvements in equine immune responses, particularly against respiratory diseases.
authors.affiliation: KRF Zoonotic Disease Priority Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Sillim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyecheong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.forename: Seung-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Hyung Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Woo Kyung
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Young Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Nam Hoon
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: So Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jun Man
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byung Woo
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Soo Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Yong Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000468:Alkalies / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000838:Anions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006736:Horses; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D008903:Minerals / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000468:Alkalies; D000838:Anions; D008903:Minerals; D012996:Solutions