title: Social functioning of bipolar offspring.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bipolar patients have impaired social functioning compared to people in the general population. It has been suggested that children of bipolar patients also have impaired social functioning. The objective of this study was to compare social functioning of adolescent and young adult offspring of bipolar parents with social functioning of adolescents and young adults in the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 140 offspring of bipolar parents and 1122 adolescents and 1175 young adults from the general population. Parent, teacher and self-report ratings were used to assess social functioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analyses revealed no differences in scores on social functioning for offspring aged 11 to 18 years, and few differences for ages 18 to 26 years compared to same aged individuals from the general population. Offspring with a DSM-IV disorder showed a lower level of social functioning compared to Dutch subjects from the general population in the same age range.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The limitations of this study are lack of information on the representativeness of the sample and use of one measure for social functioning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bipolar offspring in the adolescent age range have good overall level of social functioning. Social functioning in offspring aged 18 years or older with a bipolar or other mood disorder is impaired.
authors.affiliation: Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam/Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. C.Reichart@Accare.nl
authors.forename: Catrien G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Reichart
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van der Ende
authors.forename: Marjolein
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wals
authors.forename: Manon H J
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hillegers
authors.forename: Willem A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Nolen
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ormel
authors.forename: Frank C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Verhulst
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D012919:Social Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires