title: Escitalopram in the treatment of anxiety symptoms associated with depression.
abstract: Most patients with depression have symptoms of anxiety associated with their illness. Our aim in this study was to investigate the efficacy of escitalopram, a proven antidepressant, on symptoms of anxiety in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Data from five placebo-controlled escitalopram studies in MDD were analyzed. Three of the studies also included a comparison with citalopram. In all studies, anxiety was assessed using the Inner Tension item (item 3) of the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). In three studies, anxiety symptoms were also specifically assessed, either continuously over time or at baseline and end point, by using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), the Anxious Mood item of the HAM-A (item 1), the Psychic Anxiety subscale of the HAM-A (items 1-6 and 14), the Anxiety Psychic item (item 10) of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D-24), and the Anxiety/Somatization subfactor (items 10-13, 15, and 17) of the HAM-D-24. Escitalopram was significantly superior to placebo in all comparisons. Citalopram was also consistently better than placebo in all comparisons, except in the HAM-D-24 Anxiety/Somatization subfactor. In some comparisons with placebo, escitalopram showed a significantly earlier onset of action or an earlier separation. Escitalopram was significantly more effective compared to placebo in treating both anxiety symptoms and the entire depression in the total depressive population, as well as in depressive patients with a high degree of anxiety.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. sekretariat-bandelow@medizin-uni-goettingen.de
authors.forename: Borwin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bandelow
authors.forename: Henning F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Ornah T
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Dolberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D015283:Citalopram / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D015283:Citalopram