Racial disparities in preferences and perceptions regarding organ donation.
OBJECTIVE
To identify reasons for lower organ donation rates by African Americans, we examined knowledge and attitudes about brain death, donation, and transplantation and trust in the health care system.


METHODS
Data were collected from 1,283 subjects in Ohio using a random digit dial telephone survey. Items were developed based on focus group results. Willingness-to-donate indicators included a signed donor card and willingness to donate one's own and a loved one's organs.


RESULTS
Compared with whites, African-Americans had lower rates of signing a donor card (39.1% vs 64.9%, P < .001), and willingness to donate their own organs (72.6% vs 88.3%, P < .001) or a loved one's organs (53.0% vs 66.2%, P < .001). African Americans had lower scores on the Trust in the Health Care System scale (mean scores +/- SD, 9.43 +/- 3.05 vs 9.93 +/- 2.88, P < .01) and were more likely to agree that "if doctors know I am an organ donor, they won't try to save my life" (38.6% vs 25.9%, P < .001), the rich or famous are more likely to get a transplant (81.9% vs 75.7%, P < .05), and less likely to agree that doctors can be trusted to pronounce death (68.2% vs 82.9, P < .001). African Americans were also more likely to agree that families should receive money for donating organs (45.6% vs 28.0%, P < .001) and funeral expenses (63.1% vs 46.6%, P < .001).


CONCLUSIONS
African Americans reported greater mistrust in the equity of the donation system and were more favorable about providing tangible benefits to donor families than white respondents.
Siminoff
Laura A
LA
Department of Bioethics TA-232, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106-4976, USA. las5@case.edu
Burant
Christopher J
CJ
Ibrahim
Said A
SA
D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D001290:Attitude / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009820:Ohio / Q000208:ethnology; D012067:Religion; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000523:psychology*; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology