Tranylcypromine: new perspectives on an "old" drug.
The irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase, tranylcypromine, is a potent antidepressant, but its use is limited to special indications due to side effects and dietary restrictions. The antidepressant action of tranylcypromine is not completely explainable by its effects on monoamine oxidase. Tranylcypromine also leads to an increase in brain trace amines, which are believed to play a key role in the pathophysiology of depression. It also affects other pathophysiological pathways associated with depression. Tranylcypromine treatment leads to an up-regulation of GABA(B)-receptors and modulates the phospholipid metabolism, which is essential for normal brain function. These findings implicate that the efficacy of tranylcypromine as an antidepressant may be due to its multiple actions within the human brain.
Frieling
Helge
H
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany. helge.frieling@psych.imed.uni-erlangen.de
Bleich
Stefan
S
D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014191:Tranylcypromine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D014191:Tranylcypromine