Large animal models of traumatic injury to the immature brain.
Large animal models have been used much less frequently than rodent models to study traumatic brain injury. However, large animal models offer distinct advantages in replicating specific mechanisms, morphology and maturational stages relevant to age-dependent injury responses. This paper reviews how each of these features is relevant in matching a model to a particular scientific question and discusses various scaling strategies, advantages and disadvantages of large animal models for studying traumatic brain injury in infants and children. Progress to date and future directions are outlined.
Duhaime
Ann-Christine
AC
Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA. acd@hitchcock.org
D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001921:Brain / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D020833:Diffuse Axonal Injury / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016489:Head Injuries, Closed / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000592:standards; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery; D014730:Veterinary Medicine / Q000592:standards