title: [Effect of Pentavac and MMR vaccination on the intestine.].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The safety of infant vaccination has been questioned in recent years. In particular it has been suggested that the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination leads to brain damage manifesting as autism consequent to the development of an "enterocolitis" in the immediate post-vaccination period.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess if MMR vaccination is associated with sub-clinical intestinal inflammation which is central to the autistic "enterocolitis" theory. The study was not designed to test directly the association of autism to MMR vaccination.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 109/20 infants, before and two and four weeks after immunization with Pentavac and MMR vaccines, for the presence of intestinal inflammation (faecal calprotectin).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neither vaccination was associated with any significant increase in faecal calprotectin concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The failure of the MMR vaccination to cause an intestinal inflammatory response provides evidence against the proposed gut-brain interaction that is central to the autistic "enterocolitis" hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Landspitali University Hospital, Hringbraut, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland. bjarnit@landspitali.is.
authors.forename: Bjarni
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thornjóðleifsson
authors.forename: Katrín
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Davíðsdóttir
authors.forename: Ulfur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Agnarsson
authors.forename: Arndís
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Theodórs
authors.forename: Aðalbjœrg
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gunnarsdóttir
authors.forename: Elva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mœller
authors.forename: Auður
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jónsdóttir
authors.forename: Guðmundur
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sigþórsson
authors.forename: Matthías
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kjeld
authors.forename: Ingvar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bjarnason