title: Analysis of polyploid cells in mouse embryonic cells cultured under diabetic conditions.
abstract: To clarify the cytogenetic effects of glucose and ketone bodies on the pathogenesis of diabetes-associated congenital anomalies, we cultured cells from gestation-day-8 ICR mouse embryos under the diabetic condition. Cells were cultured in the medium with glucose (300 mg/dL) plus DL-2-hydroxybutyric acid (32 mM) (G + B group), glucose alone (G group), or neither of them (C group) for 5 days. At the end of the culture, cells were analyzed for the chromosomes. After 3-4 days culture, when the living cells grew into a mono-layered sheet, cells floating in the medium were observed and showed morphological features of apoptosis. Ratio of the floating cells was significantly higher in the G + B group than in the G or C group (P < 0.05), suggesting the deleterious effect of glucose and ketone body. Polyploidy was observed in the cultured cells more frequently in the G + B group (64.1%) than in the G group (49.0%), which was higher than the C group (20.5%) (G + B vs G: P < 0.05, G vs C: P < 0.001). The higher ratio of the polyploidy, but not of the aneuploidy, in the G + B and G groups suggested the specific effect of glucose and ketone body for inducing polyploidy. These results suggest that diabetic condition causes polyploidy in cultured embryonic cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tatewaki
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kagohashi
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Otani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D011123:Polyploidy; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics
chemical_list: D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D005947:Glucose; C031570:2-hydroxybutyric acid