title: Intervention thresholds for Aphis spiraecola (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Citrus clementina.
abstract: The production of clementine fruit was affected by varying densities of Aphis spiraecola Patch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) maintained on four groups of clementine, Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan., trees individually isolated in mesh cages. A formula relating the number of aphids per square meter of canopy per group of trees to yield loss in that group of trees was obtained, permitting us to calculate the economic injury levels (EILs) and economic thresholds (ETs) for treatment against A. spiraecola, i.e., EIL, ET, environmental economic injury level (EEIL), and environmental economic threshold (EET). In an example case with current values, EIL = 370, ET = 322, EEIL = 614, and EET = 533 aphids per m2 of canopy. Formulae designed for easier use in the field were obtained to express each of these thresholds. The formulae are compared with those obtained for Aphis gossypii Glover in a previous study; the intervention thresholds for A. spiraecola are slightly higher than those found for A. gossypii.
authors.affiliation: Institut Valencià d'Investigacions Agràries, Apartat Oficial, 46113 Montcada, València, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hermoso de Mendoza
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arouni
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Belliure
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Carbonell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pérez-Panadés
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001042:Aphids / Q000502:physiology*; D002957:Citrus / Q000469:parasitology*; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions