title: Endovascular stent graft repair for infected thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysms--a durable option?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Open surgical repair for infected thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysms carries significant mortality and morbidity. Endovascular stent graft repair has been our preferred approach, although its role remains controversial because persistent infection is always a concern. We aimed to assess the efficacy and durability of endovascular stent graft repair in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between August 2000 and November 2005, seven consecutive patients with eight infected pseudoaneurysms of the thoracic aorta were treated with endovascular stent graft repair. Patients were diagnosed based on a typical appearance of an infected pseudoaneurysm on imaging together with a positive bacteriology culture or clinical evidence of sepsis. The follow-up protocol included regular clinical examination, hematologic tests, and computed tomography scans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were six men and one woman with a median age of 68 years at operation. Three patients presented with an aortoenteric fistula. The operations were performed in the operating room with the image guidance of a mobile C-arm. Endovascular stent grafts were deployed successfully in all patients, with complete exclusion of the pseudoaneurysms. Intravenous antibiotics were continued for 1 to 6 weeks and followed by lifelong maintenance oral antibiotics. The median hospital stay was 27 days, with no hospital deaths. No paraplegia or other major complications occurred. Two patients with aortoesophageal fistula where the fistula tracts were persistent died during follow-up. The other five patients remained well, with no evidence of graft infection at a median follow-up of 34 months. A significant reduction in the diameter of the pseudoaneurysm (>5 mm) was noted on computed tomography scans after 12 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endovascular stent graft repair is effective and may be a durable option for infected pseudoaneurysms of the thoracic aorta.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong Medical Centre, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Albert C W
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ting
authors.forename: Stephen W K
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Jensen T C
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Poon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017541:Aneurysm, False / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D000785:Aneurysm, Infected / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D017545:Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome