In vitro evaluation of macrophage viability after incubation in orange oil, eucalyptol, and chloroform.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of orange oil, eucalyptol, and chloroform in a cell culture assay by using peritoneal macrophages from Swiss mice.


METHODS
Control (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium [DMEM] plus 1.25% ethyl alcohol) and experimental (orange oil, eucalyptol, and chloroform) groups were studied. Solvents used were tested at 0.025% and 0.050% concentrations in DMEM plus 1.25% ethyl alcohol.


RESULTS
Orange oil, eucalyptol, and chloroform were all cytotoxic in comparison to the control group (P < .001). Orange oil showed the least cytotoxicity (P < .001). No significant differences were observed regarding cell viability when comparing the eucalyptol and chloroform groups (P < .05). There were significant differences in the cytotoxicity of eucalyptol and chloroform with an increase in concentration (P < .0001). Nevertheless, this difference was not significant in the orange oil group (P < .05).


CONCLUSIONS
Orange oil was less cytotoxic than eucalyptol and chloroform.
Zaccaro Scelza
Miriam F
MF
Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janiero, Brazil. scelza@terra.com.br
Lima Oliveira
Lilian Rachel
LR
Carvalho
Fernanda Blaudt
FB
Côrte-Real Faria
Suzana
S
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002725:Chloroform / Q000633:toxicity; D003511:Cyclohexanols / Q000633:toxicity; D000077591:Eucalyptol; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000633:toxicity; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000633:toxicity*; D012997:Solvents / Q000633:toxicity*
D003511:Cyclohexanols; D039821:Monoterpenes; D010938:Plant Oils; D012997:Solvents; D002725:Chloroform; C087245:orange oil; D000077591:Eucalyptol