title: Microsatellite alterations in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and relation to expression of pimonidazole, CA IX and GLUT-1.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Because the locoregional control for HNSCC is still disappointing, research efforts focus on the exploration of new molecular markers located in both tumour and microenvironment, which could help stratify patients. The aim of the present work was therefore first to assess microsatellite alterations and hypoxia in HNSCC as possible molecular markers. Second, a relation between both was investigated, as hypoxia is known to select for genetic alterations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight patients with advanced HNSCC treated by surgery+/-radiotherapy were included. MSI and LOH were investigated with microsatellite markers using automatic fragment analysis. The presence of hypoxia was assessed by immunohistochemistry for pimonidazole, CA IX and GLUT-1. The mutual relationship between MSI/LOH and hypoxia was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No MSI was detected in this patient group. LOH occurred mostly on chromosomal arms 3p, 5q, 9p, 17p and 17q. Patients with LOH at D17S799, located in the near environment of p53, showed a higher CA IX expression (p=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LOH is a possible molecular marker in HNSCC. The positive correlation between LOH at D17S799 and CA IX is in full concordance with previous publications linking hypoxia to selective pressure on the p53 gene.
authors.affiliation: Lab of Experimental Radiotherapy, UH Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium. harlinde.deschutter@uz.kuleuven.ac.be <harlinde.deschutter@uz.kuleuven.ac.be>
authors.forename: Harlinde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: De Schutter
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barbé
authors.forename: Marijke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spaepen
authors.forename: Adrian C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Begg
authors.forename: Alfons
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balm
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gregoire
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haustermans
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mahy
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vander Poorten
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nuyts
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001483:Base Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000502:physiology; D027342:Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008297:Male; D053842:Microsatellite Instability; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009593:Nitroimidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D027342:Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; D009593:Nitroimidazoles; C033815:pimonidazole; C089226:CA9 protein, human; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases