title: Pressure overload induces greater hypertrophy and mortality in female mice with p38alpha MAPK inhibition.
abstract: We examined pressure overload left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (H) induced by aortic banding in transgenic mice with cardiac-specific expression of a dominant negative (DN) p38alpha (TG) and wild type controls (WT). In response to chronic pressure overload, induced by aortic constriction, LV/BW increased more, p<0.05, in female TG (6.4+/-0.2, n=7) than in WT female (5.1+/-0.2, n=10), or male TG or WT (5.0+/-0.2, n=10 vs. 5.5+/-0.2, n=8). Lung/BW, an index of LV decompensation, was significantly higher, p<0.05, in banded female TG (14+/-1.2 mg/g) than in WT females (9.0+/-0.8), or male TG or WT (8.2+/-0.7 vs. 9.3+/-1.3). This was associated with higher premature mortality, p<0.05, in banded female TG mice (42%) compared with banded WT females (10%), TG males (13%), or WT males (17%). In male, but not female, TG mice, the number of TUNEL-positive cells was smaller, p<0.05, compared with WT. Phospho-Akt kinase activity increased (p<0.05) in female TG after banding, but not in males. After ovariectomy, chronic pressure overload no longer induced greater mortality, greater LVH, or p-Akt levels in female TG mice, and like male TG mice, apoptosis was protected. DN-p38alpha enhanced estrogen-induced activation of Akt in cultured cardiac myocytes. Thus, inhibition of p38alpha MAPK paradoxically augments LVH resulting in cardiac decompensation and increased mortality in response to pressure overload more in female mice than male mice, which could be due to increased Akt activation and/or through cross-talk between p38alpha MAPK and Akt.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue-MSB G609, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sadoshima
authors.forename: Peiyong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Chull
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Guiping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Yibin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Stephen F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Vatner
authors.forename: Dorothy E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Vatner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012737:Sex Factors; D017725:Ventricular Pressure; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases