title: The Postpartum Support Questionnaire: psychometric properties in adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Receiving adequate social support has been associated with positive outcomes for the postpartum adolescent and her baby. Therefore, social support is an important variable to include in research studies of postpartum adolescents. However, instruments developed for use in adults cannot be assumed to reliably and validly measure health-related concepts such as social support in adolescents (Rogler, 1999; Yarcheski, Mahon, & Yarcheski, 1992) without psychometric evaluation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe the reliability and validity of the Postpartum Support Questionnaire (PSQ) (Logsdon, 2002; Logsdon, Usui, Birkimer, McBride, 1996) with adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PSQ was revised for use with adolescents, based upon focus groups with adolescents and professionals. Then, the PSQ was administered to a convenience sample of postpartum adolescents (N = 109) recruited from the Teenage Parent Program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High internal consistency reliability was demonstrated for the total instrument and subscales. Factor analysis supported four factors, in line with the PSQ data with adults, with some indication for an additional adolescent factor. However, in adolescents material support and emotional support tend to load on the same factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Social support may be defined differently in postpartum adolescents, but further research with a larger sample is needed to substantiate this finding. Instruments with psychometric data specific to adolescents should be chosen by researchers who study this group.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Louisville, KY, USA. mclogs01@gwise.louisville.edu
authors.forename: M Cynthia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Logsdon
authors.forename: Wayne M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Usui
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology; D000367:Age Factors; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007629:Kentucky; D009035:Mothers / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011253:Pregnancy in Adolescence / Q000523:psychology; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D011594:Psychometrics; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D014505:Urban Population; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology