title: Immunological and virological impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy initiated during acute HIV-1 infection.
abstract: The immunological and virological impact of short-term treatment initiated during acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection was assessed prospectively in 20 subjects, 12 of whom initiated highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for 24 weeks and then terminated treatment. Treatment resulted in suppression of viremia, an increase in the CD4+ T cell count, enhanced differentiation of HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cells from effector memory to effector cells at week 24 of HAART, and significantly higher virus-specific interferon- gamma+ CD8+ T cell responses after viral rebound (at week 48). However, despite these immunological changes, no differences in viremia or in the CD4+ T cell count were found 6 months after HAART was stopped, when treated subjects were compared with untreated subjects.
authors.affiliation: Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Hendrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Streeck
authors.forename: Heiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jessen
authors.forename: Galit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alter
authors.forename: Nickolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Teigen
authors.forename: Mike T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Waring
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jessen
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Stahmer
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Lunzen
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lichterfeld
authors.forename: Xiaojiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Todd M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrington
authors.forename: Bruce D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Juergen K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Rockstroh
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Altfeld
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D014766:Viremia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D012367:RNA, Viral