title: Barriers to education of overseas doctors in paediatrics: a qualitative study in South Yorkshire.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the factors that may influence the progress of doctors who come from the Indian subcontinent to train in paediatrics in the UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  Overseas doctors training in paediatrics in Rotherham, Sheffield and Doncaster participated in the study. Focus groups were used to collect data; two focus groups, each with 4-5 participants, were conducted at 6-week intervals. Semistructured, one-to-one interviews were conducted to add more understanding and depth to issues highlighted in the focus groups. The focus groups and interviews were audiotaped; the tapes were transcribed and data were analysed using the Grounded Theory; open codes were formed and concepts identified using microanalysis, and initial theories were built.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lack of information about the National Health Service (NHS)/Royal Colleges, inappropriate communication skills, difficulties in team working, difficulties in preparing for Royal College examinations, visa and job hunting, and social and cultural isolation were identified as major barriers. Problems arose not only from difficulties with language but also from use of local and colloquial words, different accents and difficulty in communicating sensitive issues. Lack of understanding of role in teams and difficulties in working in multiprofessional setting all contributed to the problems. Cultural differences inside and outside the workplace, and social isolation were also highlighted. Induction programmes, mentoring, awareness of the issues within the teams, and courses in communication specifically directed at overseas doctors were identified as means to overcome these barriers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Several intercultural factors were identified that could act as barriers to the progress of overseas doctors training in paediatrics in the UK. Increased awareness of these factors within the teams would be the first step in resolving some of the issues.
authors.affiliation: Rotherham District General Hospital Trust, Rotherham, UK. jugnu.mahajan@rothgen.nhs.uk
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stark
mesh_terms: D002322:Career Mobility; D003142:Communication; D003469:Culture; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004521:Educational Measurement; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D005550:Foreign Medical Graduates / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D007586:Job Application; D008297:Male; D010154:Pakistan / Q000208:ethnology; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000193:education*; D013188:Sri Lanka / Q000208:ethnology