title: Improvement in coronary vascular dysfunction produced with euglycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of plasma glucose lowering on coronary circulatory function in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with type 2 diabetes and 18 weight-matched controls were studied. At baseline, myocardial blood flow (MBF) was measured with [(13)N]ammonia and positron emission tomography at rest, during cold pressor testing (CPT), and during adenosine hyperaemia. In diabetic patients, MBF and blood chemistry were analysed again after 3 months of glucose-lowering treatment with glyburide and metformin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although hyperaemic MBF did not differ significantly between the patients and controls (1.81 (0.38) v 1.97 (0.43) ml/min/g; mean (SD)), the CPT-induced MBF increase (DeltaMBF) was significantly less in diabetic patients than in controls (0.07 (0.07) v 0.25 (0.12) ml/min/g; p<0.001). Treatment with glyburide and metformin significantly decreased plasma glucose concentrations from 207 (76) to 134 (52) mg/dl (p<0.001). This decrease in plasma glucose was paralleled by a significant increase in DeltaMBF in response to CPT (0.20 (0.16) from 0.07 (0.07) ml/min/g; p<0.001), which tended to be lower than in controls at baseline (0.20 (0.16) v 0.25 (0.12) ml/min/g; p = NS). The decrease in plasma glucose concentrations correlated significantly with the improvement in DeltaMBF in response to CPT (r = 0.67, p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with abnormal MBF response to CPT, which can be significantly improved by euglycaemic control with glyburide and metformin. The close association between the decrease in plasma glucose concentration and the improvement in coronary vasomotor function in response to CPT suggests a direct adverse effect of raised plasma glucose concentration on diabetes-related coronary vascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1735, USA.
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Schindler
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Facta
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Prior
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cadenas
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Hsueh
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Quinones
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Schelbert
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005905:Glyburide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; C417231:Glucovance; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008687:Metformin; D005905:Glyburide