title: Influence of sterilization on mechanical properties and fatigue resistance of nickel-titanium rotary endodontic instruments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of repeated sterilization cycles in dry oven or autoclave, on the mechanical behaviour and fatigue resistance of rotary endodontic Ni-Ti instruments.
  
  
  METHODS
  New Ni-Ti instruments were subjected to five consecutive sterilization cycles in a dry oven or steam autoclave. Microhardness was measured in the nonmachined parts of the shanks of instruments using a Vickers indenter. Specimens of Ni-Ti wires were submitted to the same sterilization protocol and tensile tested until rupture. A group of instruments were fatigued to one half of their average fatigue life and then sterilized. New and sterilized instruments were fatigue tested until rupture. anova tests at alpha = 0.05 were used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sterilization procedures resulted in no significant changes in Vickers microhardness, nor in the parameters describing the mechanical behaviour of the wires. However, the number of cycles to failure was statistically higher for all instruments after dry heat or autoclave sterilization cycles. In the instruments previously fatigued to one half of their fatigue life, autoclave sterilization gave rise to an increase of 39% in the remaining number of cycles to failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changes in the mechanical properties of Ni-Ti endodontic instruments after five cycles of commonly used sterilization procedures were insignificant. The sterilization procedures are safe as they produced a significant increase in the fatigue resistance of the instruments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restoration Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: A C D
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Viana
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: V T L
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Buono
authors.forename: M G A
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Bahia
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003762:Dental Instruments; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D004868:Equipment Failure; D006244:Hardness; D006358:Hot Temperature; D009532:Nickel; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013227:Steam; D013242:Sterilization; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; D013227:Steam; C040654:titanium nickelide; D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium