title: Field performance of imidacloprid gel bait against German cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blatellidae).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Resistance amongst cockroaches has been reported to most of the spray insecticides. Imidacloprid gel baits, which can be selectively applied at the infested and potential harborages sites have been found effective in control of cockroach infestation in some laboratory studies but very few field studies are available. This study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of imidacloprid gel bait in the control of German cockroaches (Blatella germanica) in field.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey was done to find out pre-treatment density in 12 cookhouses by visual count and sticky trap method. A total of four cookhouses having high cockroach infestation were selected by simple random sampling method (two for imidacloprid treatment and two for control). Imidacloprid gel (2.15%) was used as crack and crevices treatment at the infested sites and potential harborages once only during the entire study duration. Post-treatment density was assessed by visual count method every week for nine weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Visual count method gave better indications of cockroach infestation as compared to sticky trap method, hence the same was followed for post-treatment evaluation. Reduction of 75.0 - 86.5 per cent was achieved with imidacloprid gel treatment by week 1 post-treatment in comparison to control areas. The reduction in treated areas by 8 wk post-treatment was 96.3-98.8 per cent in comparison to control areas. Residual effect of imidacloprid started declining at 9 wk (91.7 - 96.5% reduction in comparison to control areas).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study report the efficacy of imidacloprid gel bait (2.15%) up to 8 wk against German cockroaches. The gel was safe and environment friendly also.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India. vijenderagrawal@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: Rina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tilak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020048:Blattellidae / Q000187:drug effects*; D005782:Gels; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D007093:Imidazoles; D007306:Insecticides; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; C082359:imidacloprid