title: Daily consumption for six weeks of a lignan complex isolated from flaxseed does not affect endothelial function in healthy postmenopausal women.
abstract: The occurrence of menopause is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, and this has partly been attributed to the decline in circulating levels of estrogen. A lignan complex rich in the plant lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) was isolated from flaxseed. SDG is metabolized by the colonic microflora to the mammalian lignans enterodiol and enterolactone and is hypothesized to be cardioprotective due to their structural similarity to estrogen. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a lignan complex, providing 500 mg/d of SDG, on markers of endothelial function. Healthy postmenopausal women (n = 22) completed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Women consumed daily a low-fat muffin, with or without a lignan complex, for 6 wk, separated by a 6-wk washout period. Flow-mediated, endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (FMD) and nitroglycerine-mediated, endothelium-independent vasodilatation were measured at the end of each intervention period. The sum of Plasma nitrite and nitrate (NOx), endothelin-1 (ET-1), and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) were measured at the beginning and end of each intervention period. FMD was 3.6 +/- 0.9% (mean +/- SEM) after the lignan complex intervention period compared with 3.9 +/- 0.7% after the placebo period (P = 0.72). Plasma concentrations of NOx, ET-1, and ADMA were not affected. We conclude that daily consumption for 6 wk of a low-fat muffin enriched with a lignan complex had no effect on endothelial function in healthy postmenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Frederiksberg University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark. jeha@kvl.dk
authors.forename: Jesper
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hallund
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tetens
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bügel
authors.forename: Tine
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tholstrup
authors.forename: Marika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teerlink
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kjaer
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wiinberg
mesh_terms: D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D000368:Aged; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D019597:Flax / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D017705:Lignans / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000652:urine; D008875:Middle Aged; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010919:Placebos; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D017705:Lignans; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D010919:Placebos; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D001120:Arginine; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D015107:4-Butyrolactone; C029497:2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone