The incidence of gastro-esophageal disease for the patients with typical chest pain and a normal coronary angiogram.
BACKGROUND
Although patients may present with typical chest pain and exhibit ischemic changes on the cardiac stress test, they are frequently found to have a normal coronary angiogram. Thus, we wanted to determine which procedures should be performed in order to make an adequate diagnosis of the cause of chest pain.


METHODS
121 patients (males: 42, 34.7%) who had a normal coronary angiogram with typical chest pain were included in this study. All the patients underwent upper endoscopy, Bernstein's test and esophageal manometry.


RESULTS
Among the 121 patients, clinically stable angina was noted in 107 (88.4%). Stress testing was done in 82 (67.8%); it was positive in 52 (63.4%). Endoscopic findings were erosive gastritis in 18 (14.8%), gastric ulcer in 4 (3.3%), duodenal ulcer in 5 (4.1%), and reflux esophagitis in 16 (13.2%). Positive results were observed on Berstein's test for 68 patients (56.2%); 59 (86.8%) of them had non-erosive reflux disease. On the esophageal manometry, 35 (28.9%) of these patients had motility disorders. Nutcracker esophagus was observed in 27 patients (22.3%), nonspecific esophageal motility disorder was observed in 5 (4.1%), and hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter was observed in 3 (2.5%). Among the 52 patients with positive cardiac stress testing and a negative coronary angiogram (this clinically corresponded to microvascular angina), 46 patients (85.1%) showed abnormal findings on the gastro-esophageal studies.


CONCLUSIONS
In our study, 85.1% of the patients with microvascular angina revealed positive results of gastric or esophageal disease. In spite of any existing evidence of microvascular angina or cardiac syndrome X, it would be more advisable to perform gastro-esophageal studies to adequately manage chest pain.
Nam
Chang-Wook
CW
Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea.
Kim
Kee-Sik
KS
Lee
Young-Soo
YS
Lee
Sang-Hoon
SH
Han
Seong-Wook
SW
Hur
Seung-Ho
SH
Kim
Yoon-Nyun
YN
Kim
Kwon-Bae
KB
Jang
Byoung-Kuk
BK
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004935:Esophageal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology