[The basic health plan's impact on preventing cutaneous leishmaniasis in rural areas of Santander, Colombia].
OBJECTIVE
Measuring the impact of the Basic Colombian Health Plan for Preventing Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in three towns in the Santander department.


METHODS
An ecologic design using housing as the analysis unit. Children aged less than ten were randomly selected from rural schools and visited in their homes by trained volunteers. Structured survey-forms were filled in and every child was examined for scars or active cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions. Cluster-adjusted binomial regression was used when analysing data.


RESULTS
Eighteen villages, 284 houses and 609 children aged less than 10 were surveyed. Scar/lesion prevalence was 19.1%, differences being noted between municipalities: El Playón 7.1%, Landázuri 32.8% and Rionegro 13.9%. Information regarding leishmaniasis had been received by 42.8% of the houses and 39.9% had received some type of intervention from the Basic Colombian Health Plan, bed-nets being the most frequent (92.5%). Basic Health Plan intervention showed a preventative effect in bivariate analysis; however, such effect was not evident following adjustment for other socioeconomic and environmental variables (PR = 1.39 IC 95% 0.76-2.56).


CONCLUSIONS
Basic health plan intervention for cutaneous leishmaniasis prevention has had no significant association with scar/lesion prevalence in children aged less than ten in these rural areas, probably because its effect has been exceeded by local socioeconomic and environmental conditions, as well as administrative conditions related to the programmes' poor coverage.
Rodríguez-Villamizar
Laura A
LA
Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Industrial de Santander. laurarovi@guajiros.udea.edu.co
Orozco-Vargas
Luis C
LC
Muñoz-Mantilla
Gerardo
G
D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D003105:Colombia; D019353:Endemic Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006798:Housing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007300:Insect Control / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000469:parasitology; D007891:Leishmania; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D008297:Male; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011576:Psychodidae / Q000469:parasitology; D012424:Rural Population; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors