title: Neuropsychological functioning in adolescent children of mothers with a history of bipolar or major depressive disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Growing evidence demonstrates an association of neuropsychological deficits with mood disorders, but it is not yet clear whether these deficits are risk factors or are concomitant with the symptoms. This study examines the neuropsychological functioning of a group of adolescent offspring who are at risk for a mood disorder by virtue of being raised by mothers who have been diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BPD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Adolescent offspring of mothers with BPD (n = 43) or MDD (n = 72) and of psychiatrically well parents (n = 50) completed a battery of neuropsychological tests to assess executive functioning, memory, and attention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children of mothers with BPD showed deficits in executive functioning and selective deficits in spatial memory and attention, in comparison with children of well mothers. Deficits were not found for children of MDD mothers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Knowledge of these neurocognitive processes could aid ultimately in determining whether neurocognitive deficits precede BPD, whether unique profiles are associated with various types of mood disorders, and who may benefit from interventions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, USA. klimes@umn.edu
authors.forename: Bonnie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klimes-Dougan
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ronsaville
authors.forename: Edythe A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Wiggs
authors.forename: Pedro E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Martinez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents; D003863:Depression; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D008297:Male; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data