title: A randomized, multicenter, open-label trial to determine peritonitis rate, product defect, and technique survival between ANDY-Disc and UltraBag in patients on CAPD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  With the various twin-bag systems available on the market, we decided to conduct a therapeutic equivalence study comparing ANDY-Disc (Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany) with UltraBag (Baxter, Deerfield, IL) in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This multicenter, open-label, parallel-group, randomized trial is designed to show the therapeutic equivalence of ANDY-Disc with UltraBag. All CAPD patients from the 6 participating centers who met inclusion/exclusion criteria were enrolled into the trial. They were randomly assigned and converted from the Y-disconnect system (Ultraset; Baxter) to the twin-bag systems. The primary outcome variable is peritonitis, and secondary outcome parameters are technique failure or product defect.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From April 2002 to May 2003, a total of 270 patients were recruited for this study. Overall peritonitis rates were 22.9 patient-months/episode for ANDY-Disc and 35.0 patient-months/episode for UltraBag. The overall peritonitis rate for ANDY-Disc was 53% greater compared with UltraBag, but the 95% confidence interval overlaps the prespecified margin of equivalence. There were more product defects reported with ANDY-Disc; 236 product defects compared with 17 with UltraBag. The time series of the number of product defects and peritonitis count on the ANDY-Disc arm suggests a possible cause-and-effect relationship.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therapeutic equivalence of ANDY-Disc to UltraBag could not be established with respect to peritonitis. There is a trend toward greater risk for peritonitis on the Andy-Disc arm. There also is a suggestive cause-and-effect relation between the occurrence of product defect and peritonitis on the ANDY-Disc arm during the early part of the trial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology. hswong@hkl.gov.my
authors.forename: Hin-Seng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Loke-Meng
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.forename: Teck-Onn
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Lai-Seong
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Hooi
authors.forename: Zaki
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Morad
authors.forename: Rozina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ghazalli
authors.forename: Wan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shaariah
authors.forename: Yam-Ngo
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Ghazali
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Bak-Leong
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Goh
authors.forename: Lynster
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liaw
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pee
authors.forename: Ming-Lee
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*