title: Cooperation of matrix metalloproteinases with the RhoA/Rho kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-1/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathways is required for the sphingosine-1-phosphate-induced mobilization of marrow-derived stromal cells.
abstract: The ease of isolation and ex vivo culture of marrow-derived stromal cells (MSCs) from adult bone marrow renders them a very promising source of adult stem cells for gene transfer and cell therapy. However, little is known about the signaling pathways that control their in vivo mobilization and subsequent biodistribution. Platelet-derived sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid that acts via G-protein-coupled-receptors, exerts strong chemoattraction upon MSCs through yet-uncharacterized signaling pathways. We show that the S1P-induced migration and morphological changes of MSCs in vitro require the activities of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), Rho kinase (ROCK), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) signaling molecules. Specifically, S1P-induced remodeling of the MSC cytoskeleton led to the rapid (<1 minute) formation of actin stress fibers via activation of the RhoA/ROCK pathway and required the catalytic activity of MMPs. S1P-induced activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-1 (MEK1)/ERK pathway also contributed to the induction of the actin stress fibers and to the redistribution of paxillin at the focal adhesions through tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase in an MMP-dependent manner. Moreover, MMP- and ROCK-dependent molecular events are implicated in the regulation of the S1P-induced activation of ERK. Our results demonstrate that MSC mobilization in response to S1P requires cooperation between MMP-mediated signaling events and the RhoA/ROCK and MEK1/ERK intracellular pathways. Therefore, the characterization of the cellular factors and the intracellular signaling pathways underlying MSC mobilization is crucial to achieve high efficacy in therapeutic use.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Département de Chimie, Centre BioMed, Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada.
authors.forename: Mayya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meriane
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duhamel
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lejeune
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Galipeau
authors.forename: Borhane
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Annabi
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000577:Amides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects*; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D051419:Paxillin / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D007211:Indoles; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D051419:Paxillin; C496062:Pxn protein, mouse; D011725:Pyridines; C108830:Y 27632; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; C482127:Map2k1 protein, mouse; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein; C119203:ilomastat; D013110:Sphingosine; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one