title: Air-substrate mercury exchange associated with landfill disposal of coal combustion products.
abstract: Previous laboratory studies have shown that lignite-derived fly ash emitted mercury (Hg) to the atmosphere, whereas bituminous- and subbituminous-derived fly ash samples adsorbed Hg from the air. In addition, wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) materials were found to have higher Hg emission rates than fly ash. This study investigated in situ Hg emissions at a blended bituminous-subbituminous ash landfill in the Great Lakes area and a lignite-derived ash and FGD solids landfill in the Midwestern United States using a dynamic field chamber. Fly ash and saturated FGD materials emitted Hg to atmosphere at low rates (-0.1 to 1.2 ng/ m2hr), whereas FGD material mixed with fly ash and pyrite exhibited higher emission rates (approximately 10 ng/m2hr) but were still comparable with natural background soils (-0.3 to 13 ng/ m2hr). Air temperature, solar radiation, and relative humidity were important factors correlated with measured Hg fluxes. Field study results were not consistent with corresponding laboratory observations in that fluxes measured in the latter were higher and more variable. This is hypothesized to be partially an artifact of the flux measurement methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Mae S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gustin
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ladwig
authors.forename: Debra F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Pflughoeft-Hassett
mesh_terms: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000032:analysis*; D000465:Algorithms; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D003031:Coal / Q000032:analysis*; D060729:Coal Ash; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis*; D052638:Particulate Matter; D012037:Refuse Disposal
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D003031:Coal; D060729:Coal Ash; D007220:Industrial Waste; D052638:Particulate Matter; D002244:Carbon; D008628:Mercury