title: [Orthopaedic surgery residency: comparison between the German and the North American system].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  On the way to the unification of the European Union (EU), Germany has passed a new medical professional education system at the 106 (th) German medical board in Cologne in 2003. The medical board has established a new residency programme for the specialty of orthopaedic surgery, which was previously separated into orthopaedic and trauma surgery. An exchange of orthopaedic surgeons within the EU is therefore less complicated. For an exchange outside the EU, an international comparison especially with the USA is warranted.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed and compared the German "Assistenzarzt System" with the residency programme of the USA regarding the specialty of orthopaedic surgery and further sub-specialisation programmes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After evaluation of both systems, a high conformity in the basic training for orthopaedic surgery was demonstrated. However, there is a difference between the two systems regarding specialisation after residency training with the German "Oberarzt" on the one side and the American fellow system on the other side.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that the German orthopaedic training matches well with the American residency programs. There is potential for acknowledgement of the German title "Orthopaedic surgeon" in the USA. In some states, such as Pennsylvania, European medical specialists are given institutionally restricted work permission for limited periods of time. It remains, however, questionable if there is a general political intent for the USA to acknowledge German or European residency programs.
authors.affiliation: Orthopädische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Göttingen. hanno.steckel@gmail.com
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Steckel
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Musahl
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Baums
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Klinger
mesh_terms: D003479:Curriculum; D005858:Germany; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration*; D009656:North America; D009985:Orthopedics / Q000193:education* / Q000458:organization & administration*