Antigenic variation of TprK V regions abrogates specific antibody binding in syphilis.
The tprK gene in the syphilis spirochete, Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, undergoes antigenic variation in seven variable (V) regions. tprK is highly variable within T. pallidum strains, and a method has been developed to derive clones of T. pallidum that express a single, unique tprK sequence. Rabbits were infected with three different T. pallidum clones or the parent strain from which the clones were derived, and their sera were examined by immunoassay for antibody reactivity against synthetic peptides representing the TprK V regions from each clone. The parent strain expresses many different V region sequences, and infection with this strain induced antibody responses against a wide variety of V regions. In rabbits infected with the Chicago C clone, antibodies developed against all of the V regions except V1, while antibodies developed against only V5, V6, and V7 in Chicago A-infected rabbits. During Chicago B infection, antibodies developed against all of the V regions except V1 and V3. Antibodies were highly specific for the V regions of the infecting clone, and cross-reactivity was rare. The demonstration that the V regions elicit a variant-specific antibody response supports the hypothesis that TprK variants may help organisms to avoid the developing immune response in infected individuals, contributing to the ability of T. pallidum to establish chronic infection.
LaFond
Rebecca E
RE
Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Box 359779, Harborview Medical Center, 325 Ninth Ave., Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
Molini
Barbara J
BJ
Van Voorhis
Wesley C
WC
Lukehart
Sheila A
SA
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000940:Antigenic Variation / Q000276:immunology*; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D001666:Binding Sites, Antibody; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002999:Clone Cells; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011817:Rabbits; D013587:Syphilis / Q000276:immunology*; D014210:Treponema pallidum / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; C406409:Tpr protein, Treponema