title: [Molecular characterization of Colombian invasive serotype 5 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates recovered between 1994 and 2004].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 5 is an important cause of invasive disease in Colombia where the circulation of the clone Colombia5-19, penicillin susceptible but tetracycline and chloramphenicol resistant, has been demonstrated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To establish the genetic relatedness among Colombian invasive S. pneumoniae serotype 5 isolates, recovered between 1994 and 2004, and the clone Colombia(5)-19.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty three isolates with penicillin, vancomycin, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulfametoxazole, chloramphenicol and tetracycline susceptibility patterns were studied. Of these isolates, 29 were recovered from children less than 5 years of age. DNA restriction patterns of all isolates were determined for pulsed field gel electrophoresis, using the Smal enzyme. Genetic similarity among isolates and the clone Colombia(5)-19 was established according to Tenover's criteria and the Fingerprintingä II program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All isolates were related with the Colombia(5)-19 clone and belonged to the electrophoretic pattern A, of which 17 subtypes were derived. Most of the isolates belonged to patterns A (38,6%), A8 (21,7%) and A5 (12%), the other 23 isolates belonged to 15 electrophoretic patterns. Thirty -four isolates resistant both to tetracycline and chloramphenicol were related with electrophoretic patterns A (n = 32), A16 (n = 1) and A28 (n = 1), which have a band of 340 Kb in common with the clone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results showed the continuing circulation of S pneumoniae serotype 5 isolates in the country, and which are genetically related with the clone Colombia(5)-19.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Firacative
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Castañeda
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010802:Phylogeny; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents