title: Effect of conazole fungicides on reproductive development in the female rat.
abstract: Three triazole fungicides were evaluated for effects on female rat reproductive development. Rats were exposed via feed to propiconazole (P) (100, 500, or 2500 ppm), myclobutanil (M) (100, 500, or 2000 ppm), or triadimefon (T) (100, 500, or 1800 ppm) from gestation day 6 to postnatal day (PND) 98. Body weight (BW) and anogenital distance (AGD) at PND 0, age and BW at vaginal opening (VO), estrous cyclicity, and body and organ weight at necropsy were measured. BW at PND 0 was unaffected by treatment. AGD was increased by M2000. VO was delayed by M2000 and T1800. Estrous cyclicity was initially disrupted by P500, P2500 and T1800, but later normalized. At PND 99 there was a decrease in BW by T1800, an increase in liver weight by P2500 and T1800, and an increase in ovarian weight by M2000 and T1800. It is concluded that exposure to P, M and T adversely impacted female rodent reproductive development.
authors.affiliation: Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rockett
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Narotsky
authors.forename: Kary E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Inthirany
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Thillainadarajah
authors.forename: Chad R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Blystone
authors.forename: Amber K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Goetz
authors.forename: Hongzu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Deborah S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Best
authors.forename: Rachel N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Murrell
authors.forename: Harriette P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.forename: Judith E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Douglas C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Dix
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D004971:Estrus / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D005865:Gestational Age; D008098:Litter Size / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012744:Sex Ratio; D014230:Triazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D014621:Vagina / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D014230:Triazoles; D004958:Estradiol