title: Prevention of ischemic neurologic injury with intraoperative monitoring of selected cardiovascular and cerebrovascular procedures: roles of electroencephalography, somatosensory evoked potentials, transcranial Doppler, and near-infrared spectroscopy.
abstract: All neuromonitoring techniques, although imperfect, provide useful information for monitoring cardiothoracic and carotid vascular operations. They may be viewed as providing complementary information, which may help surgical technique and, as a result, possibly improve clinical outcomes. As of this writing, the efficacy of TCD and NIRS monitoring during cardiothoracic and vascular surgery cannot be considered established. Well designed, prospective, adequately powered, double-blind, and randomized outcome studies are needed to determine the optimal neurologic monitoring modality (or modalities), in specific surgical settings.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Neuroscience and Spine Institute, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC 28207, USA. michael.sloan@carolinashealthcare.org
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sloan
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013504:Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial