[Obese children lipid profile: effects of hypocaloric diet and aerobic physical exercise].
Diet and exercise help improve obese adults' lipid profile. However, their effect on obese children, the aim of the present study, is poorly known. Fifty obese children were studied into 2 paired groups: Group D (1,500 - 1,800 kcal diet: 55% carbohydrate, 30% fat, 15% protein), and Group DE (same diet + aerobic physical activity 1 hour/day 3 times a week). After 5 months BMI, triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC) and fractions were assessed. No change in triglycerides, TC and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were reported in both groups. However, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased (+10.3%; p< 0.01) only in DE Group. Screening patients with TC > 170 mg/dL, LDL-C > 110 mg/dL and HDL-C < 35 mg/dL we had: similar reduction for TC in both groups (-6.0% x -6.0%; p= ns), LDL-C reduction in both groups (-14.2% x -13.5%; p= ns), and HDL-C increase only in DE Group (+10.0%; p< 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
1) Hypocaloric diet (HD) + exercise, rather than diet only, increase obese children's HDL-C levels irrespective of baseline levels; 2) HD only and HD + exercise lead to TC and LDL-C reduction in obese children with TC and LDL-C above normal values.
Parente
Erika B
EB
Departamento de Clínica Médica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, USP, Av. Higienpolis 968, 01238-000 São Paulo, SP.
Guazzelli
Isabel
I
Ribeiro
Maurício M
MM
Silva
Alexandre G
AG
Halpern
Alfredo
A
Villares
Sandra M
SM
D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004041:Dietary Fats; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss
D004041:Dietary Fats; D008055:Lipids; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol