title: Beneficial effect of hesperidin on lipopolysaccharide-induced hepatotoxicity.
abstract: Hesperidin (HDN) is a flavanone glycoside abundantly found in citrus fruits. HDN has been reported to possess significant activities against allergy, haemorrhoids, hormonal disorders and ulcers. Other reported activities include anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant and free radical scavenger activity. A potentially important effect of endotoxin is the increased production of reactive oxygen intermediates as O(2)(-), peroxides and nitric oxide. The study reported here show a beneficial effect of HDN in amelioration of endotoxin-induced hepatic dysfunction and oxidative stress in the liver of rats. Hepatotoxicity was induced by administering lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in a single dose of 1mg/kg intraperitoneally to the rats. A marked hepatic dysfunction evident by rise in serum levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP) and total bilirubin (p<0.05) was observed. Serum and tissue nitrite levels were also increased. LPS challenge further increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels, whereas glutathione (GSH) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were decreased in the liver homogenates of the rats showing a marked oxidative stress. HDN administration successfully and dose dependently attenuated these effects of LPS. In conclusion, these findings suggest that HDN attenuates LPS-induced hepatotoxicity possibly by preventing cytotoxic effects of NO and oxygen free radicals.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
authors.forename: Gaganjit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Naveen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tirkey
authors.forename: Kanwaljit
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chopra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006569:Hesperidin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009573:Nitrites; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D006569:Hesperidin; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione