Genetic complexity of Alzheimer's disease: successes and challenges.
About 1% of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) cases have an early-onset autosomal dominant familial form of the disease, genetic analyses of which have found three causal genes: amyloid beta-protein precursor (AbetaPP), presenilin 1 (PS1) and presenilin 2 (PS2). The APOE gene is the only robustly replicated risk factor for the common form of AD with onset after 65 years of age. In at least half of the AD cases, there is no known cause of the disease. Here we provide an overview on known AD-linked genes and discuss the strategies of searching for novel AD genetic risk factors.
Rogaeva
Ekaterina
E
Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Crescent West, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3H2.
Kawarai
Toshitaka
T
George-Hyslop
Peter St
PS
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053764:Presenilin-1; D053766:Presenilin-2
D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C508853:PSEN1 protein, human; C508861:PSEN2 protein, human; D053764:Presenilin-1; D053766:Presenilin-2