title: Measurement of high intensity focused ultrasound fields by a fiber optic probe hydrophone.
abstract: The acoustic fields of a high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) transducer operating either at its fundamental (1.1 MHz) or third harmonic (3.3 MHz) frequency were measured by a fiber optic probe hydrophone (FOPH). At 1.1 MHz when the electric power applied to the transducer was increased from 1.6 to 125 W, the peak positive/negative pressures at the focus were measured to be p(+) = 1.7-23.3 MPa and p(-) = -1.2(-) -10.0 MPa. The corresponding spatial-peak pulse-average (I(SPPA)) and spatial-average pulse-average (I(SAPA)) intensities were I(SPPA) =77-6000 W/cm2 and I(SAPA) = 35-4365 W/cm2. Nonlinear propagation with harmonics generation was dominant at high intensities, leading to a reduced -6 dB beam size (L x W) of the compressional wave (11.5 x 1.8-8.8 1.04 mm) but an increased beam size of the rarefactional wave (12.5 x 1.6-13.2 x 2.0 mm). Enhancement ratio of absorbed power density in water increased from 1.0 to 3.0. In comparison, the HIFU transducer working at 3.3 MHz produced higher peak pressures (p(+) = 3.0-35.1 MPa and p(-) = -2.5(-) - 13.8 MPa) with smaller beam size (0.5 x 4 mm). Overall, FOPH was found to be a convenient and reliable tool for HIFU exposimetry measurement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology; D055100:Optical Fibers; D014160:Transducers, Pressure / Q000592:standards