title: Use of extended criteria livers decreases wait time for liver transplantation without adversely impacting posttransplant survival.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of extended criteria donors (ECDs) could minimize shortage of suitable donor livers for transplantation. In 3 years, the aggressive use of ECD livers has reduced the wait list at our center from 257 to 30 patients with a median wait time of 18 days without using living donors. This study compares the graft/patient survival from standard (SD) and ECD for our transplant population between 2001 and 2005.
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of all adult liver transplant recipients over 4 years were reviewed (n = 571). ECD criteria included: age >59 years, BMI >34.9, maximum AST/ALT >500, maximum bilirubin >2.0, peak serum sodium >170, HBV/HCV/HTLV reactive, donation after cardiac death, cold ischemia time >12 hours, ICU stay >5 days, 3 or more pressors simultaneously, extensive alcohol abuse, cancer history (nonskin), active meningitis/bacteremia, or significant donor liver trauma. Outcomes included graft and patient survival at 90 days, 1 year, and 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-eight percent of recipients (n = 388) received ECD livers. Primary factors accounting for ECD-liver status included: elevated liver function tests (20%), hypernatremia (12.6%), and extensive alcohol abuse (11.4%). Graft survival was (SD, ECD): 90-day 91%, 88%; 1-year 84%, 80%; 2-year 78%, 77%; patient survival was: 90-day 93%, 90%; 1-year 87%, 82%; 2-year 83%, 79%. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis failed to demonstrate an overall difference in graft or patient survival at any time point. Only donor age >60 years was associated with decreased graft and patient survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liver grafts from ECD can be used to dramatically reduce wait list time with outcomes comparable to those for SD without resorting to living donor liver transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Transplantation Section, Gastroenterology Division, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5250, USA. atector@iupui.edu
authors.forename: A Joseph
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Tector
authors.forename: Richard S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Mangus
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chestovich
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vianna
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fridell
authors.forename: Martin L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Milgrom
authors.forename: Carrie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: Paul Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Kwo
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D014850:Waiting Lists