title: Actin-induced hyperactivation of the Ras signaling pathway leads to apoptosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: Recent research has revealed a conserved role for the actin cytoskeleton in the regulation of aging and apoptosis among eukaryotes. Here we show that the stabilization of the actin cytoskeleton caused by deletion of Sla1p or End3p leads to hyperactivation of the Ras signaling pathway. The consequent rise in cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels leads to the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cell death. We have established a mechanistic link between Ras signaling and actin by demonstrating that ROS production in actin-stabilized cells is dependent on the G-actin binding region of the cyclase-associated protein Srv2p/CAP. Furthermore, the artificial elevation of cAMP directly mimics the apoptotic phenotypes displayed by actin-stabilized cells. The effect of cAMP elevation in inducing actin-mediated apoptosis functions primarily through the Tpk3p subunit of protein kinase A. This pathway represents the first defined link between environmental sensing, actin remodeling, and apoptosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom. C.Gourlay@sheffield.ac.uk
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Gourlay
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Ayscough
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D017209:Apoptosis; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D054751:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunits; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013816:Thermodynamics; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; C091908:END3 protein, S cerevisiae; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C073751:SRV2 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D054751:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunits; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; C509333:Tpk3 protein, S cerevisiae; C489015:RAS2 protein, S cerevisiae; D018631:ras Proteins