Progestins and breast cancer.
Progesterone (P) regulates proliferation and differentiation in the normal mammary gland in mouse, rat and human. Progesterone has also been implicated in the etiology and pathogenesis of human breast cancer. The focus of this review is on recent advances in understanding the role of the progesterone receptor (PR) and functional significance of PR isoforms, PRA and PRB, in the normal mammary gland and in mammary cancer in mouse, rat and human.
Aupperlee
Mark
M
Department of Physiology, Michigan State University. East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Kariagina
Anastasia
A
Osuch
Janet
J
Haslam
Sandra Z
SZ
D000818:Animals; D001940:Breast / Q000254:growth & development*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D019398:Genes, BRCA1; D024522:Genes, BRCA2; D006801:Humans; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000254:growth & development; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000209:etiology*; D008423:Maternal Age; D008572:Menarche; D008593:Menopause; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D011247:Pregnancy; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D051381:Rats; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors
D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone