Yeast species associated with the spontaneous fermentation of cider.
This paper reports the influence of cider-making technology (pneumatic and traditional pressing) on the dynamics of wild yeast populations. Yeast colonies isolated from apple juice before and throughout fermentation at a cider cellar of Asturias (Spain), during two consecutive years were studied. The yeast strains were identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the 5.8S rRNA gene and the two flanking internal transcribed sequences (ITS). The musts obtained by pneumatic pressing were dominated by non-Saccharomyces yeasts (Hanseniaspora genus and Metschnikowia pulcherrima) whereas in the apple juices obtained by traditional pressing Saccharomyces together with non-Saccharomyces, were always present. The species Saccharomyces present were S. cerevisiae and S. bayanus. Apparently S. bayanus, was the predominant species at the beginning and the middle fermentation steps of the fermentation process, reaching a percentage of isolation between 33% and 41%, whereas S. cerevisiae took over the process in the final stages of fermentation. During the 2001 harvest, with independence of cider-making technology, the species Hanseniaspora valbyensis was always isolated at the end of fermentations.
Valles
Belén Suárez
BS
Area de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA) 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
Bedriñana
Rosa Pando
RP
Tascón
Norman Fernández
NF
Simón
Amparo Querol
AQ
Madrera
Roberto Rodríguez
RR
D001483:Base Sequence; D001628:Beverages / Q000382:microbiology*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry; D005285:Fermentation; D005516:Food Microbiology; D027845:Malus; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S / Q000737:chemistry; D012440:Saccharomyces / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D015003:Yeasts / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism
D004271:DNA, Fungal; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S