title: Two-dimensional impedance imaging of cell migration and epithelial stratification.
abstract: We present a miniaturized impedance imaging system, developed for 2D imaging of cell and tissue culture. The system is based on 16 microelectrodes (5 microm x 4 mm). An equivalent circuit for four-point (tetrapolar) impedance spectra was developed and validated. The system uses an Agilent 4294A impedance analyser combined with a front-end amplifier for the impedance measurements. Human epithelial stem cells (YF 29) were grown on the device surface. Cell migration speeds of 300 nm min(-1) following a "scratch" wound closure assay could be established. Using a commercial software developed for geophysical prospecting, we could generate impedance tomography images at 10 kHz revealing cell migration, increase of epithelial thickness and changes in tissue resistivity over a time course of several days.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microsystems, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. pontus.linderholm@epfl.ch
authors.forename: Pontus
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Linderholm
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Braschler
authors.forename: Jeanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vannod
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Barrandon
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brouard
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Renaud
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008839:Microelectrodes; D008904:Miniaturization; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology; D013997:Time Factors; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*