title: Hypoxic treatment inhibits insulin-induced chondrogenesis of ATDC5 cells despite upregulation of DEC1.
abstract: Chondrogenesis occurs in vivo in a hypoxic environment, in which the hypoxia inducible factor 1, HIF-1, plays a regulatory role, possibly mediated through the transcription factor DEC1. We have analyzed the effect of hypoxia (1% oxygen) alone and in combination with insulin on the chondrogenic differentiation of the mouse embryonic stem cell line ATDC5. Hypoxic treatment alone induced early chondrogenesis as evidenced by enhanced expression of aggrecan and collagen II, whereas hypoxic incubation of insulin-treated cells delayed and suppressed insulin-mediated early chondrogenesis and almost completely blocked hypertrophic differentiation. Paradoxically, the transcriptional activation of DEC1 was invariably enhanced by the hypoxic exposure.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Trine
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ebbesen
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zachar
mesh_terms: D053674:Aggrecans; D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002356:Cartilage / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024121:Collagen Type X / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D053674:Aggrecans; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; D024043:Collagen Type II; D024121:Collagen Type X; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; C508320:Acan protein, mouse; C491539:Bhlhe40 protein, mouse