title: Bispectral index is a topographically dependent variable in patients receiving propofol anaesthesia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As very strong agreement has been reported between bispectral index (BIS) values measured from the occipital and frontal skull areas, we compared BIS values measured from central and parietal areas with those from frontal area to investigate whether BIS is really a topographically dependent or topographically independent variable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients, ASA I-II, non-obese, aged 18-62 yr and with no neurological disorders were enrolled. Based on the 10-20 international landmarks, five silver dome electrodes were positioned: F7, C3, P7, Cz (common reference) and Fp1 (ground). Using frontal (F7-Cz), central (C3-Cz) and parietal (P7-Cz) electrode montages, the corresponding BIS values were simultaneously recorded with an Aspect A-1000 monitor (software v3.12). The BIS values were recorded at the propofol concentration allowing laryngeal mask insertion, which was maintained during the 10 min data collection period in absence of additional external stimuli. Data were analysed using the Kruskall-Wallis, Wilcoxon paired sign with Bonferroni correction, Bland-Altman and linear correlation tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the predicted effect target propofol concentration 4-8 microg ml(-1), the 10 min mean BIS (median [min-max]) were 32 [20-44], 46 [28-68] and 58 [41-72] for the frontal, central and parietal leads, respectively. Differences between these BIS recordings were statistically significant (P<0.0001, Kruskall-Wallis; P<0.005, Wilcoxon paired sign test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results provide evidence that BIS index is a topographically dependent variable in patients receiving propofol anaesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus Hospital, Free University of Brussels Brussels, Belgium. ppandin@ulb.ac.be
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pandin
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Van Cutsem
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tuna
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'hollander
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004566:Electrodes; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017214:Laryngeal Masks; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods*; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D015742:Propofol