title: Characteristics of ventricular tachyarrhythmias occurring in ischemic versus nonischemic patients implanted with a biventricular cardioverter-defibrillator for primary or secondary prevention of sudden death.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The InSync ICD Registry evaluated patients indicated for cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillation systems are prescribed for both primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients with heart failure with both ischemic and nonischemic etiology. The characterization of ventricular tachyarrhythmias detected by the ICD is not well known in these subpopulations.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 421 patients with symptomatic heart failure despite optimized medical treatment, ventricular dyssynchrony, and primary or secondary ICD indications. An electrophysiologist reviewed all spontaneous episodes. Patients were grouped by etiology and ICD indications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 421 patients included 292 ischemic (159 primary prevention) and 129 nonischemic (68 primary prevention) patients. In 19 +/- 11 months of follow-up, 110 patients (63 ischemic, 30 primary prevention and 47 nonischemic, 21 primary prevention) presented ventricular tachyarrhythmias, occurring in a ventricular tachycardia (VT) or a ventricular fibrillation zone (1382 and 456 events, respectively). The incidence of overall ventricular tachyarrhythmias in nonischemic patients in secondary prevention (35.7% at 1 year) was higher than in ischemic patients implanted for either indication (16.5% and 22.9% at 1 year, respectively). The incidence of self-terminating ventricular tachyarrhythmias was greater in patients with nonischemic heart disease, regardless of indication. Patients with ischemic heart disease in primary prevention had a lower occurrence of VTs, whereas nonischemic patients in primary prevention had faster VTs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both rate of occurrence and characteristics of detected ventricular tachyarrhythmias vary according to underlying etiology and indication. Therefore, different device programming according to patient's profile is advisable to improve ventricular tachyarrhythmias management.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiology, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliera S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy. giuseppe.boriani@unibo.it
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boriani
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gasparini
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lunati
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santini
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Landolina
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vincenti
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Curnis
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bocchiardo
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Padeletti
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Biffi
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Allaria
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Denaro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery