title: Use of intra-arterial carbon-dioxide-enhanced ultrasonography for guidance of radiofrequency ablation and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: A 73-year-old man with hepatitis-C-related cirrhosis and an elevated alpha-fetoprotein level and tumor in segment 3 of his liver was referred for interventional radiologic treatment. He was not a candidate for surgical resection due to impaired liver function and his personal preferences. On conventional ultrasonography no lesion could be detected, but the tumor was clearly depicted by intra-arterial carbon-dioxide-enhanced ultrasonography. Radiofrequency ablation was performed safely and accurately under the guidance of carbon-dioxide-enhanced ultrasonography. By concomitant performance of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with radiofrequency ablation, extensive necrosis was obtained and adequate tumor volume reduction achieved with only one treatment session.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan. ohmotok@med.kawasaki-m.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohmoto
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomiyama
authors.forename: Norikuni
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Tomoya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawase
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuboki
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004998:Ethiodized Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005781:Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006490:Hemostatics; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D004998:Ethiodized Oil; D004317:Doxorubicin