Abnormal HDL subclasses distribution in overweight children with insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND
Small HDL particles have emerged as significant predictors of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adults with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). However, no previous study has investigated HDL size in pediatric subjects with these clinical conditions.


METHODS
We studied the HDL size distribution by native polyacrilamide gradient gel electrophoresis in 106 overweight children, 47 with T2DM, 43 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 16 with IGT, and 39 healthy weight controls.


RESULTS
Diabetic children had significantly lower proportions of HDL2b and HDL2a, and higher proportions of HDL3b and HDL3c than the other 3 groups. Overweight subjects showed HDL size distributions similar to those of controls. However, insulin-resistant children had lower proportions of HDL2b, and HDL2a, and higher proportions of HDL3b when compared with the insulin-sensitive overweight subjects. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that homeostasis model assessment correlated inversely with HDL2b and HDL2a, and directly with HDL3b, while BMI was independently associated only with HDL3a.


CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that HDL size distribution was shifted toward smaller particles in T2DM pediatric patients and in overweight children with insulin resistance, independent of their glucose tolerance status. Insulin resistance was the main factor associated with these HDL size abnormalities. This parameter could be useful as an early risk marker of incident diabetes and, probably, of coronary heart disease.
Pérez-Méndez
Oscar
O
Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", DF, Mexico. opmendez@yahoo.com
Torres-Tamayo
Margarita
M
Posadas-Romero
Carlos
C
Vidaure Garcés
Vladimir
V
Carreón-Torres
Elizabeth
E
Mendoza-Pérez
Enrique
E
Medina Urrutia
Aida
A
Huesca-Gómez
Claudia
C
Zamora-González
José
J
Aguilar-Herrera
Blanca
B
D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood* / Q000145:classification*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood*; D010316:Particle Size
D001786:Blood Glucose; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D002784:Cholesterol