Immunological and virological impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy initiated during acute HIV-1 infection.
The immunological and virological impact of short-term treatment initiated during acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection was assessed prospectively in 20 subjects, 12 of whom initiated highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for 24 weeks and then terminated treatment. Treatment resulted in suppression of viremia, an increase in the CD4+ T cell count, enhanced differentiation of HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cells from effector memory to effector cells at week 24 of HAART, and significantly higher virus-specific interferon- gamma+ CD8+ T cell responses after viral rebound (at week 48). However, despite these immunological changes, no differences in viremia or in the CD4+ T cell count were found 6 months after HAART was stopped, when treated subjects were compared with untreated subjects.
Streeck
Hendrik
H
Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
Jessen
Heiko
H
Alter
Galit
G
Teigen
Nickolas
N
Waring
Mike T
MT
Jessen
Arne
A
Stahmer
Ingrid
I
van Lunzen
Jan
J
Lichterfeld
Mathias
M
Gao
Xiaojiang
X
Allen
Todd M
TM
Carrington
Mary
M
Walker
Bruce D
BD
Rockstroh
Juergen K
JK
Altfeld
Marcus
M
D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D014766:Viremia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D012367:RNA, Viral