title: Serum biomarkers after traumatic and hypoxemic brain injuries: insight into the biochemical response of the pediatric brain to inflicted brain injury.
abstract: Inflicted traumatic brain injury (iTBI) involves a combination of mechanical trauma and hypoxemia. Serum biomarker concentrations may provide objective information about their relative importance to the pathophysiology of iTBI. We compared the time course of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100B and myelin basic protein after pediatric hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, iTBI and noninflicted TBI (nTBI). The time to reach peak concentrations of all three biomarkers was shorter after nTBI. Initial and peak S100B, initial and peak myelin basic protein and peak NSE concentrations were no different between the three groups. Initial NSE concentration was highest after nTBI. These results suggest that the biochemical response of the brain to iTBI is distinct from the response to nTBI and shares temporal similarities with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. This may have important implications for the treatment and prognosis of children with iTBI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Child Advocacy Center, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, and Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. rberger@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Rachel Pardes
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: P David
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Adelson
authors.forename: Rudolph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Richichi
authors.forename: Patrick M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Kochanek
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood*; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; C579160:S100B protein, human; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase