title: Cadmium accumulation and interactions with zinc, copper, and manganese, analysed by ICP-MS in a long-term Caco-2 TC7 cell model.
abstract: The influence of long-term exposure to cadmium (Cd) on essential minerals was investigated using a Caco-2 TC7 cells and a multi-analytical tool: microwave digestion and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Intracellular levels, effects on cadmium accumulation, distribution, and reference concentration ranges of the following elements were determined: Na, Mg, Ca, Cr, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, and Cd. Results showed that Caco-2 TC7 cells incubated long-term with cadmium concentrations ranging from 0 to 10 micromol Cd/l for 5 weeks exhibited a significant increase in cadmium accumulation. Furthermore, this accumulation was more marked in cells exposed long-term to cadmium compared with controls, and that this exposure resulted in a significant accumulation of copper and zinc but not of the other elements measured. Interactions of Cd with three elements: zinc, copper, and manganese were particularly studied. Exposed to 30 micromol/l of the element, manganese showed the highest inhibition and copper the lowest on cadmium intracellular accumulation but Zn, Cu, and Mn behave differently in terms of their mutual competition with Cd. Indeed, increasing cadmium in the culture medium resulted in a gradual and significant increase in the accumulation of zinc. There was a significant decrease in manganese from 5 micromol Cd/l exposure, and no variation was observed with copper.
authors.affiliation: Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Unité Contaminants Inorganiques et Minéraux de l'Environnement, Equipe Métaux Lourds et Eléments minéraux, AFSSA LERQAP: 23, F-94706, Maisons-Alfort cedex, France. l.noel@afssa.fr
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Noël
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huynh-Delerme
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Guérin
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huet
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Frémy
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kolf-Clauw
mesh_terms: D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism*; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008345:Manganese / Q000378:metabolism*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008872:Microwaves; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D008345:Manganese; D003300:Copper; D015032:Zinc