title: Protective effects of Zingiber officinale (Zingiberaceae) against carbon tetrachloride and acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
abstract: The effect of the ethanol extract of the rhizome of Zingiber officinale was tested against carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) and acetaminophen-induced liver toxicities in rats. Increases in serum and liver marker enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase as well as sorbitol and glutamate dehydrogenases were produced in normal rats that were not pretreated with the extract. However, extract-pretreated rats attenuated in a dose-dependent manner, CCl(4) and acetaminophen-induced increases in the activities of ALT, AST, ALP, LDH and SDH in the blood serum. The protective effect of the extract on CCl(4) and acetaminophen-induced damage was confirmed by histopathological examination of the liver. These results indicate that the oil from the rhizome of Zingiber officinale could be useful in preventing chemically induced acute liver injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Lagos State University College of Medicine, P.M.B. 21266, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria. kayodeyemitan@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Omoniyi K
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Yemitan
authors.forename: Matthew C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Izegbu
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004798:Enzymes / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000082:Acetaminophen; D000431:Ethanol; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride