title: Fibroblast growth factor-2 enhances functional recovery of reinnervated muscle.
abstract: Long-term denervation of muscles results in fibrosis and fat replacement, which prevent muscles from regaining contractile function despite reinnervation. Therefore, prevention of muscle atrophy between nerve repair and muscle reinnervation may improve the functional outcome. A variety of growth factors play significant roles in muscle mass modulation and muscle regeneration. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) and nerve growth factor (NGF) on muscle mass modulation after denervation and reinnervation using a nerve-to-muscle neurotization model. Growth factors were injected into the anterior tibial muscle after direct neurotization of muscles every 7 days up to 4 weeks after surgery. FGF2 significantly increased the amplitude of compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs), wet muscle weight, and the number of motor endplates, especially at higher concentration, compared to the vehicle. In contrast, NGF did not increase either the amplitude of CMAPs or muscle weight, although it significantly increased the number of motor endplates. These findings indicate that both growth factors enhance reinnervation of muscles; however, only FGF2 is involved in muscle mass modulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hand Surgery, Division of Musculoskeletal and Cutaneous Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumaicho, Showaku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan. heiroku@wa3.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Horii
authors.forename: Estuhiro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tatebe
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yazaki
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Majima
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishiguro
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D003714:Denervation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor