title: Volumetric evidence of bilateral damage in unilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to analyze the contralateral volumes of the temporal pole, posterior segment of the temporal lobe, amygdala, hippocampus, and parahippocampal gyrus in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) due to histologically proven mesial temporal lobe sclerosis (MTLS), seizure free for >or=4 years of postsurgical follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-six (23 male) TLE patients, operated on between 1996 and 2001, with histopathologic diagnosis of MTLS, and a postsurgical follow-up of >or=4 years, had their temporal lobe structures manually segmented, measured, and compared with those of 23 normal volunteers, paired as groups for sex, age, and handedness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean volumes of the contralateral temporal pole, hippocampus, and parahippocampal gyrus in TLE patients were significantly lower than those in controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MRI volumetric data show that the damage in TLE due to MTS may be more widespread and bilateral, even in patients with unilateral TLE by clinical and neurophysiological criteria. Our results are relevant to the discussion of epileptogenic mechanisms in TLE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: Antônio C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Tonicarlo R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Velasco
authors.forename: Lauro
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wichert-Ana
authors.forename: Vera C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Terra-Bustamante
authors.forename: Veriano
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Alexandre
authors.forename: Carlos G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Carlotti
authors.forename: João A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Assirati
authors.forename: Hélio Rubens
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Walz
authors.forename: João P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Américo C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000679:Amygdala / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001931:Brain Mapping; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020534:Parahippocampal Gyrus / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012598:Sclerosis / Q000473:pathology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014743:Videotape Recording