title: Transdifferentiation of mouse BM cells into hepatocyte-like cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During the past few years multiple studies have revealed that adult stem cells, including BM origin stem cells, can be transdifferentiated into various cell types, including hepatocyte-like cells, under proper treatments or in a suitable microenvironment. However, little is known about the mechanism of the transdifferentiation, and the treatments employed seem to be very complicated and require simplification. It is important to determine the suitable conditions in which BM cells would be efficiently differentiated into hepatocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mouse BM cells were isolated from femurs and tibias and cultured in IMDM supplemented with 10% FBS. Hepatic differentiation was induced in a differentiation medium containing 20 ng/mL HGF, 10 ng/mL FGF-4, 10 ng/mL Oncostatin M (OSM) and different concentrations of liver-injured mouse sera. The differentiated hepatic cells were characterized by the expression of liver-associated mRNA and proteins and morphologic and functional features.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BM cell-derived polygonal cell colonies appeared after several days of culture, and these hepatocyte-like cells expressed AFP, HNF-3beta, CK19, CK18, ALB, TAT and G-6-Pase at mRNA and protein levels, and the cells also had some hepatic cellular functions, such as glycogen storage and urea production. Interestingly, suitable concentrations of sera from liver-injured mice added to this system showed strong stimulation on the in vitro transdifferentiation of mouse BM cells into hepatocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study we have established an effective hepatic differentiation system by a combination of HGF, FGF-4, OSM and liver-injured mouse sera in vitro. Accordingly, it will be a useful resource not only for understanding the mechanisms of transdifferentiation but also for efficient amplification of hepatocyte progenitor cells of BM origin.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: X-J
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: G-R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J-Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: L-X
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Xiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D019070:Cell Lineage; D048430:Cell Shape; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014508:Urea; D006003:Glycogen