title: Secretin receptors in the human liver: expression in biliary tract and cholangiocarcinoma, but not in hepatocytes or hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gut hormone receptors are over-expressed in human cancer and allow receptor-targeted tumor imaging and therapy. A novel promising receptor for these purposes is the secretin receptor. The secretin receptor expression was investigated in the human liver because the liver is a physiological secretin target and because novel diagnostic and treatment modalities are needed for liver cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen normal livers, 10 cirrhotic livers, 35 cholangiocarcinomas, and 45 hepatocellular carcinomas were investigated for secretin receptor expression by in vitro receptor autoradiography using (125)I-[Tyr(10)] rat secretin and, in selected cases, for secretin receptor mRNA by RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Secretin receptors were present in normal bile ducts and ductules, but not in hepatocytes. A significant receptor up-regulation was observed in ductular reaction in liver cirrhosis. Twenty-two (63%) cholangiocarcinomas were positive for secretin receptors, while hepatocellular carcinomas were negative. RT-PCR revealed wild-type receptor mRNA in the non-neoplastic liver, wild-type and spliced variant receptor mRNAs in cholangiocarcinomas found receptor positive in autoradiography experiments, and no receptor transcripts in autoradiographically negative cholangiocarcinomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of secretin receptors in the biliary tract is the molecular basis of the secretin-induced bicarbonate-rich choleresis in man. The high receptor expression in cholangiocarcinomas may be used for in vivo secretin receptor-targeting of these tumors and for the differential diagnosis with hepatocellular carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell Biology and Experimental Cancer Research, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, P.O. Box 62, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Meike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Körner
authors.forename: Gregory M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rehmann
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scholz
authors.forename: Bertram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wiedenmann
authors.forename: Laurence J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Jean Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Reubi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017734:Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D051381:Rats; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D011964:Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012633:Secretin
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D011964:Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone; C029937:secretin receptor; D012633:Secretin