title: Psycho-educational interventions for children and young people with Type 1 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A systematic review of the literature in 2000 revealed numerous methodological shortcomings in education research, but in recent years progress has been made in the quantity and quality of psycho-educational intervention studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This review focuses on diabetes education programmes developed for children, young people and their families in the past 5 years. A comprehensive review of the literature identified 27 articles describing the evaluation of 24 psycho-educational interventions. Data summary tables compare the key features of these, and comparisons are made between individual, group and family-based interventions. Effect sizes are calculated for nine of the randomized studies. Three research questions are posed: firstly has the recent literature addressed the problems highlighted in the previous review; secondly is there sufficient evidence to recommend adaptation of a particular programme; and, finally, what do we still need to do?
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Progress in the quality and quantity of educational research has not resulted in improved effectiveness of interventions. There is still insufficient evidence to recommend adaptation of a particular educational programme and no programme that has been proven effective in randomized studies for those with poor glycaemic control. To develop a range of effective educational interventions, further research involving larger sample sizes with multicentre collaboration is required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Ipswich Hospital, Ipswich, UK. Helen.Murphy@ipwichhospital.nhs.uk
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rayman
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Skinner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005196:Family Therapy; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose