title: Secondary effluent disinfection: PAA long term efficiency.
abstract: The paper summarizes the results of a bench-scale study to evaluate the long-term disinfection efficiency of peracetic acid (PAA). Bacterial counts were repeated 5, 24, and 29 h after the end of the disinfection test, to simulate real re-growth conditions (no residual quenching) and, for the 5 h interval, the potential re-growth (quenching of residual PAA). Fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, and total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) were enumerated by traditional plate count technique; THB were also enumerated by cytometry. After disinfection, the residual PAA concentration became negligible in about 5 to 11 h, depending on the tested doses. Microbial counts showed that no appreciable re-growth took place after 29 h for coliform group bacteria. For THB, the previously cited enumeration techniques gave different results in re-growth tests, especially for the lowest PAA doses. Indeed plate count technique evaluates the ability to form colonies, while cytometry enumerates intact membrane cells. No regrowth took place, even when no residual disinfectant was present, suggesting that bacteria are unable, even at the lowest doses, to repair damage caused by the PAA disinfecting action. PAA was found to be an efficient disinfecting agent, not only as a bacteriostatic, but also as a bactericide.
authors.affiliation: DIIAR-Environmental Section, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy. manuela.antonelli@polimi.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antonelli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mezzanotte
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nurizzo
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004526:Efficiency; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D052836:Heterotrophic Processes / Q000187:drug effects; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D010463:Peracetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology; D013995:Time; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D014871:Water Microbiology; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D012722:Sewage; D010463:Peracetic Acid