title: Modelling and field application of the Chemcatcher passive sampler calibration data for the monitoring of hydrophobic organic pollutants in water.
abstract: Passive sampling of dissolved pollutants in water has been gaining acceptance for environmental monitoring. Previously, an integrative passive sampler consisting of a C18 Empore disk receiving phase saturated with n-octanol and fitted with low density polyethylene membrane, was developed and calibrated for the measurement of time weighted average (TWA) concentrations of hydrophobic pollutants in water. In this study, the exchange kinetics were modelled to obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of the accumulation process and to enable the measurement of TWA concentrations of hydrophobic pollutants in the field. An empirical relationship that enables the calculation of in situ sampling rates of chemicals using performance reference compounds was derived and its application was demonstrated in a field study in which TWA aqueous concentrations estimated from sampler data for target analytes were compared with TWA concentrations obtained from spot samples of water collected regularly during the sampler deployment period.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, King Henry Building, King Henry I Street, Portsmouth PO1 2DY, United Kingdom. branovrana@googlemail.com
authors.forename: Branislav
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vrana
authors.forename: Graham A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: Michiel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kotterman
authors.forename: Pim
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leonards
authors.forename: Kees
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Booij
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Greenwood
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D007700:Kinetics; D008956:Models, Chemical; D020959:Polyethylene; D012016:Reference Values; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D020959:Polyethylene