[Inequity in infant vaccination coverage in Colombia 2000 and 2003].
OBJECTIVE
Identifying inequity in childhood vaccination coverage in towns throughout Colombia for both immunisations scheme and type of vaccine.


METHODS
An ecological study using secondary information for 2000 and 2003. Three indicators were measured: (1) gaps in coverage (understood as being the differences between municipal coverage and that at national level), (2) Gini coefficient and (3) Lorenz's curve.


RESULTS
Decreasing national vaccination coverage was found, dropping from 78.8% in 2000 to 66.8% in 2003. The number of towns having gaps in their coverage also increased during the two years being studied. Vaccination coverage concentration coefficients and curves showed inequalities between the municipalities during the two years being studied, although Gini coefficients improved from 0.18 to 0.13 for vaccination coverage between 2000 and 2003. The anti-influenza vaccine had the greatest decrease in inequality during the years being studied, followed by the anti-hepatitis B vaccine. The smallest change was recorded for the tuberculosis vaccine (BCG). Poliovirus vaccine estimations lay between those for BCG and hepatitis B.


CONCLUSIONS
Action should be focused on municipalities identified as having recurring low coverage and large gaps compared to the national level.
Acosta-Ramírez
Naydú
N
Salud Pública Centro de Proyectos para el Desarrollo-Cendex-, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. nacosta@javeriana.edu.co
Rodríguez-García
Jesus
J
D000465:Algorithms; D001500:BCG Vaccine; D016667:Bacterial Capsules; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D005260:Female; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D014504:Urban Health; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends
D001500:BCG Vaccine; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; C044237:Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial