title: Effect of a mixture of seven pharmaceuticals on Hyalella azteca over multiple generations.
abstract: A mixture of seven common pharmaceutical agents (acetaminophen, diclofenac, gemfibrozil, ibuprofen, naproxen, salicylic acid, and triclosan) was tested for its effects on the freshwater amphipod Hyalella azteca over three generations. The target concentration of each chemical (100ngl(-1)) was representative of the upper range observed for these substances in Canadian fresh waters, except in the immediate vicinity of effluent discharges. No statistically significant effects were observed on survival, mating, body size or reproduction. The sex ratio changed slightly to 17% more males. The seven pharmaceuticals tested do not appear to be substances of major concern for Hyalella in most Canadian fresh waters, but significant impacts might be observed in areas closer to effluent discharges.
authors.affiliation: Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, ON, Canada L7R 4A6. uwe.borgmann@ec.gc.ca
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Borgmann
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Bennie
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Palabrica
mesh_terms: D033304:Amphipoda / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008297:Male; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D036401:Toxicity Tests, Chronic; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical