title: Minireplicon from pBtoxis of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis.
abstract: A 2.2-kb fragment containing a replicon from pBtoxis, the large plasmid that encodes the insecticidal endotoxins of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis, was identified, cloned, and sequenced. This fragment contains cis elements, including iterons, found in replication origins of other large plasmids and suggests that pBtoxis replicates by a type A theta mechanism. Two genes, pBt156 and pBt157, encoding proteins of 54.4 kDa and 11.8 kDa, respectively, were present in an operon within this minireplicon, and each was shown by deletion analysis to be essential for replication. The deduced amino acid sequences of the 54.4-kDa and 11.8-kDa proteins showed no substantial homology with known replication (Rep) proteins. However, the 54.4-kDa protein contained a conserved FtsZ domain, and the 11.8 kDa protein contained a helix-turn-helix motif. As FtsZ proteins have known functions in bacterial cell division and the helix-turn-helix motif is present in Rep proteins, it is likely that these proteins function in plasmid replication and partitioning. The minireplicon had a copy number of two or three per chromosome equivalent in B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis but did not replicate in B. cereus, B. megaterium, or B. subtilis. A plasmid constructed to synthesize large quantities of the Cry11A and Cyt1A endotoxins demonstrated that this minireplicon can be used to engineer vectors for cry and cyt gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
authors.forename: Mujin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Dennis K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Bideshi
authors.forename: Hyun-Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Federici
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D004261:DNA Replication; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D018741:Replication Origin; D012093:Replicon / Q000235:genetics*; D014169:Transformation, Bacterial
chemical_list: D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004731:Endotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis