title: Hypertension in pregnancy: hospital based study.
abstract: Eighteen hundred two pregnant women consisting of 750 primigravida and 1,052 multigravida were screened for hypertension between July 2000 to June 2002. Hypertension was noted in 97 (5.38%) patients. Twenty five patients were lost to follow up and only 72 patients were included in the final study. The age of the patients ranged between 19 to 32 (mean +/- SD = 24.75 +/- 3.36) years. The majority of patients 41 (57%) were primigravida and 31 (43%) were multigravida. Of 31 multigravida, vast majority (84%) of patients were found to be hypertensive in the third trimester. Only 5 (16%) patient had hypertension in the first trimester. Stage I, II and III hypertension were noted in 18%, 50% and 32% of patients respectively as per JNC-VI criteria. Preeclampsia (PE) was seen in 44.44% (n=32), eclampsia in 40.28% (n=29), HELLP syndrome in 6.94% (n=5), chronic hypertension (HTN) with superimposed PE in 6.94% (n=5) and chronic HTN in 1.38% (n=1). Of the 6 patients with chronic hypertension 50% (3) had essential HTN. Acute renal failure (S. creat > 3 mg/dl) was seen in 7 patients and 4 required dialytic support. Maternal mortality was 5.55% (4) and perinatal death occurred in 37.5% (27) of deliveries. Low birth weight was seen in 66.66% (48) of births. Hypertension complicated 5.38% of all pregnancies in our study. Preeclampsia-eclampsia and its variants remain the major cause of hypertension in pregnant women. Hypertension during pregnancy is responsible for high fetal mortality and low birth weight.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D020073:Gravidity; D006801:Humans; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008403:Mass Screening; D009775:Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000175:diagnosis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011295:Prenatal Care; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors