title: Liver transplantation from an identical twin without immunosuppression, with early recurrence of hepatitis C.
abstract: Hepatitis C virus reinfection after liver transplantation is universal and more severe than in nontransplant patients. Rejection episodes and immunosuppressive agents are considered risk factors for deterioration of recurrent hepatitis C. We report 2 cases of living donor liver transplantation for patients with hepatitis C-related cirrhosis who received right-lobe grafts from an identical twin. Thanks to genetic identity, no immunosuppressive drugs were administered during or after transplantation without rejection. Hepatitis C virus RNA kinetics showed a rapid increase following transplantation and liver biopsies 1 month after transplantation showed acute lobular hepatitis in both cases. Antiviral therapy using interferon alpha and ribavirin was started immediately, and both cases showed virological and histological response. In conclusion, avoidance of immunosuppression did not delay hepatitis C recurrence following transplantation, while early antiviral therapy without risk of rejection or immunosuppression led to successful viral eradication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshizawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koshiba
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haga
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nabeshima
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uemoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000379:methods; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents