Pro12Ala sequence variant of the PPARG gene is associated with postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in non-E3/E3 patients with the metabolic syndrome.
BACKGROUND
Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, a component of the metabolic syndrome, has varied etiology and involves many genes related to triglyceride metabolism. Variations in these genes may affect postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in the context of the metabolic syndrome.


METHODS
We orally administered 60 g of fat overload to 74 patients with the metabolic syndrome. We then measured baseline concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein AI, apolipoprotein B, uric acid, and uric acid excretion; we also performed homeostasis model assessments of insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity. At 3 h, we measured triglycerides, cholesterol, apolipoprotein AI, and apolipoprotein B. Patients were considered to have postprandial hypertriglyceridemia if the difference in plasma triglycerides between baseline and 3 h after the test was 1.71 mmol/L or more. We also measured anthropometrical variables and classified the patients according to their peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma (PPARG) gene and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype.


RESULTS
Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia occurred in 64.7% of patients with the Ala12 allele vs 19.9% of the Pro12Pro patients, (P = 0.00032; odds ratio, 7.6), and in 87.5% of the patients with both the Ala12 allele and the non-E3/E3 APOE genotype (odds ratio, 23.8). Logistic regression analysis showed that PPARG and APOE sequence variants were associated with the presence of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia.


CONCLUSIONS
The Pro12Ala PPARG sequence variant together with a non-E3/E3 APOE genotype is associated with a high risk for postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in patients with the metabolic syndrome, indicating a close association between these genes and the regulation of lipoproteinase clearance.
Cardona
Fernando
F
Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria de Málaga, Málaga, Spain. fernando.cardona.exts@juntadeandalucia.es
Morcillo
Sonsoles
S
Gonzalo-Marín
Montserrat
M
Garrido-Sanchez
Lourdes
L
Macias-Gonzalez
Manuel
M
Tinahones
Francisco J
FJ
D053318:Apolipoprotein E3; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D019518:Postprandial Period
D053318:Apolipoprotein E3; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D047495:PPAR gamma