Reproductive and lifestyle factors associated with early menopause in Mexican women.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between certain reproductive and lifestyle factors and the occurrence of early natural menopause.


METHODS
A case/control study was conducted on a basal population of 2510 women participating in the "Mexican Institute of Social Security health workers cohort study". Cases were defined as those women for whom natural menopause presented by age 47. Information was obtained through a self-administered questionnaire.


RESULTS
The risk of early menopause is associated with short menstrual cycles [<26 days, OR = 3.79 (IC 95% 1.37-10.52)], a short period of oral contraceptives use [<1 year, OR = 2.63 (IC 95% 1.10-6.29)], a lower number of pregnancies [<2, OR = 1.63 (IC 95% 1.03-2.57)], low body mass index [< or =27 kg/m2, OR = 1.64 (IC 95% 1.10-2.43)], low schooling level [<6 years, OR = 3.02 (IC 95% 1.26-7.23)], smoking history [>15 cigarettes/day, OR = 2.7 (IC 95% 1.00-7.30)], and birth cohorts [> or =950, OR = 4.09 (IC 95% 2.62-6.39)].


CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study suggest that both reproductive and lifestyle factors are significant elements in the occurrence of early menopause in Mexican women.
Ortega-Ceballos
Paola A
PA
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. portega79@yahoo.com.mx
Morán
Carlos
C
Blanco-Muñoz
Julia
J
Yunes-Díaz
Elsa
E
Castañeda-Iñiguez
Maura S
MS
Salmerón
Jorge
J
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008593:Menopause; D008800:Mexico; D008875:Middle Aged; D017584:Reproductive History