title: Scaffolding protein INAD regulates deactivation of vision by promoting phosphorylation of transient receptor potential by eye protein kinase C in Drosophila.
abstract: Drosophila visual signaling is one of the fastest G-protein-coupled transduction cascades, because effector and modulatory proteins are organized into a macromolecular complex ("transducisome"). Assembly of the complex is orchestrated by inactivation no afterpotential D (INAD), which colocalizes the transient receptor potential (TRP) Ca2+ channel, phospholipase Cbeta, and eye protein kinase C (eye-PKC), for more efficient signal transduction. Eye-PKC is critical for deactivation of vision. Moreover, deactivation is regulated by the interaction between INAD and TRP, because abrogation of this interaction in InaD(p215) results in slow deactivation similar to that of inaC(p209) lacking eye-PKC. To elucidate the mechanisms whereby eye-PKC modulates deactivation, here we demonstrate that eye-PKC, via tethering to INAD, phosphorylates TRP in vitro. We reveal that Ser982 of TRP is phosphorylated by eye-PKC in vitro and, importantly, in the fly eye, as shown by mass spectrometry. Furthermore, transgenic expression of modified TRP bearing an Ala substitution leads to slow deactivation of the visual response similar to that of InaD(p215). These results suggest that the INAD macromolecular complex plays an essential role in termination of the light response by promoting efficient phosphorylation at Ser982 of TRP for fast deactivation of the visual signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Daniela C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Popescu
authors.forename: Amy-Joan L
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ham
authors.forename: Bih-Hwa
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Shieh
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D001665:Binding Sites; D004330:Drosophila / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D005123:Eye / Q000201:enzymology*; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014785:Vision, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D005136:Eye Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels; C091568:inaD protein, Drosophila; D011493:Protein Kinase C