title: Reduced intima media thickness in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Restricted prenatal growth is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality. We studied the effects of exposure to famine during gestation on intima media thickness (IMT) in later life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 730 people aged 58 years who were born as term singletons around the time of the 1944-45 Dutch famine. Persons exposed to famine during gestation (n=293) had reduced carotid artery IMT compared to people who had not been exposed to famine in utero (n=437) (mean 0.71 mm, S.D. 0.16 mm compared to 0.75 mm, S.D. 0.15 mm, sex adjusted p=0.001). Femoral artery IMT was also thinner among people exposed to famine during gestation compared to people unexposed in utero (mean 0.64 mm, S.D. 0.20mm, compared to 0.68 mm, S.D. 0.24), although the difference did not achieve statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exposure to famine in utero may reduce IMT. However, it does not reduce the risk of coronary heart disease among famine exposed people.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. r.c.painter@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Painter
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: de Rooij
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Hutten
authors.forename: P M M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Bossuyt
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Groot
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Osmond
authors.forename: D J P
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: O P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Bleker
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Roseboom
mesh_terms: D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002339:Carotid Arteries; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000209:etiology; D048070:Fetal Nutrition Disorders; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D013217:Starvation / Q000150:complications*; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography; D047789:World War II