title: Intraoperative electro-anatomical mapping and beating heart ablation of ventricular tachycardia.
abstract: In most cases ventricular tachycardia is responsive to antiarrhythmic drug therapy. If antiarrhythmic drugs fail, then percutaneous, endocardial ablation guided by electro-anatomical mapping is usually curative. Occasionally neither of these therapies is successful and surgical ablation is required. Challenges encountered in surgical ablation include application of reliable intraoperative real-time electro-anatomical mapping to identify the focus of ventricular tachycardia and the need for technology that enables ablation on the beating heart. We present a case demonstrating the feasibility of surgical cryoablation of ventricular tachycardia arising from the right ventricle using intraoperative real-time epicardial and endocardial electro-anatomical mapping and argon-based cryoablation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Sekar S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bhavani
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tchou
authors.forename: Mina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Tamer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fahmy
authors.forename: A Marc
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gillinov
mesh_terms: D002037:Bundle-Branch Block / Q000150:complications; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003452:Cryosurgery; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009873:Operating Rooms; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed