title: 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels in human leukocyte and urine according to exposure to organophosphorus pesticides and paraoxonase 1 genotype.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to investigate a role of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) polymorphism in organophosphorus (OP)-induced 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels, urinary metabolites of OP, PON1 genotypes, and 8-OHdG levels in leukocyte and urine were measured in OP indoor insecticide sprayers and controls in summer and winter.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population contained 18 male sprayers and age-matched 18 male controls. Sprayers were primarily exposed to OP insecticides (mainly fenitrothion, dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos, and diazinon), and partially to pyrethroids (mainly permethrin) and carbamates (mainly propoxur). Urinary metabolites of OP were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 8-OHdG levels in leukocyte and urine were measured by ELISA kit. PON1 genotype was identified using allele-specific fluorogenic TaqMan probes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean concentrations of urinary dimethyl phosphate (DMP) and total dialkyl phosphates (DAP) in summer and those of 8-OHdG in summer and winter were significantly higher in OP sprayers than controls. This resulted in a significant positive correlation between 8-OHdG levels and urinary DMP or DAP, suggesting a correlation between OP metabolites and production of oxidative stress. Of PON1 genotypes, incidences of Q/Q, Q/R, and R/R types were 17, 39, and 44% in OP sprayers and controls, respectively. Although PON1 polymorphism did not contribute to the leukocyte and urinary 8-OHdG levels, the urinary OP metabolite concentrations in summer showed a significant decrease as the number Q allele decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that an increase in OP metabolites is associated with a high level of oxidative stress in OP sprayers, although the contribution of the PON1 polymorphism to the metabolism of OP is still unclear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumaicho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Chul-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Michihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamijima
authors.forename: Heon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ueyama
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: Hatsuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hibi
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Tamie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakajima
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000328:Adult; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000235:genetics*; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000378:metabolism; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human; D003849:Deoxyguanosine