title: Endoscopic video-assisted breast surgery: procedures and short-term results.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We devised a new endoscopic operation for breast diseases. We report the aesthetic and treatment results of this procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2.5-cm axillary skin incision was made for a single approaching port, and a working space was created by retraction. Under video assistance, we resected the mammary gland partially or totally, and in the case of malignant diseases we also performed a sentinel lymph node biopsy and dissected axillary lymph nodes (levels I and II).
  
  
  RESULTS
  From December 2001 through April 2005, we performed endoscopic video-assisted breast surgery (VABS) in 100 patients with breast diseases. The diseases were benign in 18 patients and malignant in 82 patients. Of the malignant diseases, 80 underwent breast-conserving surgery and 2 underwent skin-sparing mastectomy. There was no significant difference in operation time, blood loss, or blood examinations related with the acute phase reaction between VABS and conventional breast-conserving procedures. All surgical margins were negative on examination of permanent histological preparations. The wounds healed without noticeable scarring. The original shapes of the breast were preserved. All patients expressed their great satisfaction with VABS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VABS can be considered as a surgical option and can provide aesthetic advantages for patients with breast disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Musashikosugi Hospital, Nippon Medical School, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan. yamasita@nms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001941:Breast Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D014213:Tretoquinol; D020535:Video-Assisted Surgery / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D014213:Tretoquinol