title: Antioxidative and hypocholesterolemic effect of Lactobacillus casei ssp casei (biodefensive properties of lactobacilli).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A positive correlation between an individual's cholesterol level and development of CHD has been suggested. Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are important risk factors and oxidation of LDL has been implicated as an initiator of atherosclerosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Attempts are being made worldwide for the search of effective antioxidants that can prevent oxidation of LDL. Role of fermented milk and culture containing dairy products as effective antioxidants and their potential hypocholesterolemic effect is the focus of research. Keeping this in view, the various lactobacilli cultures were screened for their in vitro antioxidative activity. Lactobacillus casei ssp casei showing maximum antioxidative activity was selected for carrying out in vivo studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six groups of Wistar albino rats were fed on diets containing 20% fresh or oxidized soybean oil supplemented with 5% lyophilized culture or fermented milk prepared using L. casei ssp casei for a period of 90 days. The plasma was separated in different lipoprotein fractions and analyzed for cholesterol content and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cholesterol levels were less in plasma of groups fed on fermented milk by 2-11% and by 15-25% in groups fed on lyophilized culture as compared to group fed on skim milk. The levels of TBARS were lower in the LDL fraction of plasma in rats fed on fermented milk or culture than the control group fed on skim milk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results depict the cholesterol-lowering and antioxidative potential of Lactobacillus casei ssp casei for their application as dietary adjunct.
authors.affiliation: Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India. suman_ndri@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Suman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kapila
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Sinha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014810:Vitamin E
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014810:Vitamin E