title: Numerical analysis of gas and micro-particle interactions in a hand-held shock-tube device.
abstract: A unique hand-held gene gun is employed for ballistically delivering biomolecules to key cells in the skin and mucosa in the treatment of the major diseases. One of these types of devices, called the Contoured Shock Tube (CST), delivers powdered micro-particles to the skin with a narrow and highly controllable velocity distribution and a nominally uniform spatial distribution. In this paper, we apply a numerical approach to gain new insights in to the behavior of the CST prototype device. The drag correlations proposed by Henderson (1976), Igra and Takayama (1993) and Kurian and Das (1997) were applied to predict the micro-particle transport in a numerically simulated gas flow. Simulated pressure histories agree well with the corresponding static and Pitot pressure measurements, validating the CFD approach. The calculated velocity distributions show a good agreement, with the best prediction from Igra & Takayama correlation (maximum discrepancy of 5%). Key features of the gas dynamics and gas-particle interaction are discussed. Statistic analyses show a tight free-jet particle velocity distribution is achieved (570 +/- 14.7 m/s) for polystyrene particles (39 +/- 1 microm), representative of a drug payload.
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Southern Yangtze University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, P.R. China. yi.liu@eng.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: M A F
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kendall
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D019470:Biolistics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis; D008863:Microspheres; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D011137:Polystyrenes