title: Contemporary approach to the diagnosis of non-massive pulmonary embolism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Minimally invasive diagnostic strategies for pulmonary embolism are in constant evolution, integrating new diagnostic tools along with the better use of clinical information.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the past year, several reports have provided more data on the value of clinical signs and symptoms for diagnosing pulmonary embolism and improved clinical prediction rules for pulmonary embolism. Among the diagnostic tools, the use of multislice computed tomography of the chest received further validation, whereas the yield of bedside tests, such as the D-dimer test or alveolar dead-space measurement, have been further investigated. Furthermore, data linking good outcomes with appropriate diagnostic strategies in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism were reported this year for the first time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These new data allow a more evidence-based and cost-effective approach to patients with suspected non-massive pulmonary embolism. Multislice computed tomography is replacing other imaging tests. More research should be performed on the role of lower limb venous compression ultrasonography, and on how to select patients in whom pulmonary embolism should be suspected and investigated.
authors.affiliation: EA 3878 (GETBO), Department of Internal Medicine and Chest Diseases, Brest University Hospital, France.
authors.forename: Grégoire
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Le Gal
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perrier
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010808:Physical Examination; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography