Establishment and characterization of a spindle cell squamous carcinoma cell line.
BACKGROUND
Spindle cell squamous carcinoma (SCSC) is a rare and peculiar biphasic malignant neoplasm that occurs mainly in the upper aerodigestive tract. It consists of sarcomatoid proliferation of pleomorphic spindle-shaped cells and squamous cell carcinoma.


METHODS
Here, we established a SCSC cell line from a tumour arisen in gingiva. We characterized the feature of a SCSC cell line by immunohistochemistry. To know the biological feature, we examined the cell growth, invasiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers of a SCSC cell line in comparison with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines.


RESULTS
By immunohistochemical analyses, the primary tumour expressed cytokeratin and vimentin, indicating carcinosarcoma-like characters. This tumour also showed overexpression of p53 protein. Cultured SCSC cells resulted in bypass of crisis and maintenance over passage 100. The established SCSC cell line was spindle-shaped and showed identical immunohistochemical characters to those of primary tumour cells. Similar to the primary tumour, the cell line showed p53 overexpression and had p53 mutation at codon 132: AAG (lys)-->AAT (asp). The SCSC cell line grew slower than two other OSCC cell lines (MSCC-1 and HSC-2), whereas SCSC cells had remarkable invasiveness in comparison with these cell lines. Moreover, SCSC cells expressed wnt-5a and vimentin mRNA at high levels, but did not express E-cadherin mRNA. This expression pattern of the markers was similar to that of mesenchymal cells, not of epithelial cells.


CONCLUSIONS
In the present study, we newly established a SCSC cell line with strong invasiveness. This is the first report on the establishment of SCSC cell line. The SCSC cell line can be a useful cell model for the study to know the cytodifferentiation and nature of SCSC.
Kudo
Yasusei
Y
Department of Oral Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Division of Frontier Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan. ykudo@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
Ogawa
Ikuko
I
Kitagawa
Masae
M
Kitajima
Shojiro
S
Samadarani Siriwardena
B S M
BS
Aobara
Noriko
N
Matsuda
Chika
C
Miyauchi
Mutsumi
M
Takata
Takashi
T
D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D015820:Cadherins / Q000032:analysis; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D005887:Gingival Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007633:Keratins / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014746:Vimentin / Q000302:isolation & purification
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015820:Cadherins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D014746:Vimentin; C509415:p53 protein (325-355), human; D007633:Keratins