Urinary levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase in patients with coronary artery disease.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the feasibility of an assay for urinary levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the potential usefulness of urinary MMPs as a marker of coronary atherosclerosis or acute coronary syndromes (ACS).


RESULTS
We measured urine and plasma MMP-9, MMP-2 and urine tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) in patients with ACS (n=27), patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), but no clinical instability (n=47) and a group of healthy volunteers (n=15) who were <35 years of age, had no risk factors for CAD and did not undergo angiography. Compared with volunteers, patients with ACS and CAD had higher urine MMP-9, urine TIMP-1, plasma MMP-9 and plasma MMP-2 levels, but these did not differ between those with CAD and ACS. Using the volunteers to roughly establish an upper limit of normal, 84% of the urine TIMP-1 values and 95% of the urine MMP-9 values were abnormally elevated among those with CAD and ACS.


CONCLUSIONS
Urine MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels are elevated in patients with CAD and ACS compared with healthy volunteers. A high percent of patients with CAD or ACS had elevated urine values of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 suggesting these variables might be a useful marker of atherosclerotic disease.
Fitzsimmons
Patrick J
PJ
Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Texas A&M University College of Medicine and Scott & White Memorial Hospital, Temple, TX 76508, USA.
Forough
Reza
R
Lawrence
Mark E
ME
Gantt
D Scott
DS
Rajab
M Hasan
MH
Kim
Hyunsun
H
Weylie
Brian
B
Spiekerman
A Michael
AM
Dehmer
Gregory J
GJ
D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D002624:Chemistry, Clinical / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000652:urine*
D015415:Biomarkers; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9