title: [Results after treatment of instable fractures of the proximal humerus using a fixed-angle plate].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fixed-angle implants are being increasingly used in surgery of fractures of the proximal humerus. The aim of this retrospective investigation was to evaluate the outcome after fracture reduction utilizing a fixed-angle plate (Königsee).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2003 and April 2004, 58 patients were operated, 52 of whom received a fixed-angle implant; 46 cases were harvested for a follow-up examination. Each patient was re examined clinically and radiologically at least 6 and 18 months after surgery. The functional outcome was evaluated using the Constant Score and the Simple Shoulder Test. The results were compared to results of other investigations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean patient age was 68.8 years (34-94 years). Fractures were classified using the Neer Classification: 12 were classified as two-part, 25 as three-part, and 9 as four-part fractures. Three of the three-part and four of the four-part fractures were rated as luxation fractures. The overall functional outcome of all cases was good. More than 18 months after surgery the mean general "Constant Score" was 57; the mean side-related "Constant Score" was 89%. The Simple Shoulder Test revealed a pain-free range of motion in 41 (89.1%) of the individuals. The majority of the patients were satisfied with the results regarding remaining range of activity of the injured limb. In five cases significant complications occurred. In two cases the head of the humerus collapsed, and in one case a necrosis of the head occurred. In one individual the implant broke after an additional trauma. In this case a re-osteosynthesis utilizing a tibia plate was performed and the patient was excluded from further follow-up investigations. One soft tissue infection occurred after initial surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It has been shown that results after fixation of proximal humerus fractures with fixed-angle implants are good. The functional outcome is good and complications are rare. Our results correlate with other investigations regarding fracture reduction using fixed-angle plates and nails.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Sauerbruchstrasse, 17475 Greifswald, Deutschland. christian.hessler@uni-greifswald.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hessler
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schmucker
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Matthes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ekkernkamp
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gütschow
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eggers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001860:Bone Plates; D005260:Female; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012784:Shoulder Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome