title: The intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes with t cell receptor alphabeta express toll-like receptor 4 and are responsive to lipopolysaccharide.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (iIELs) play an important role in intestinal innate immunity and oral immune tolerance. To compare the differences in gene expression between murine iIELs and splenic T lymphocytes, we established the cDNA subtractive library of iIELs and analyzed the iIELs special genes. Our study focused on the relationship between Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), TLR5 and iIELs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety percent purified iIELs and splenic T lymphocytes were isolated by density-gradient centrifugation in a Percoll and nylon column, respectively. We then established the cDNA subtractive library of iIELs via improved subtractive hybridization. The special expressed sequence tags of iIELs were screened by reverse Northern blot. The expressions of TLR4 and TLR5 were analyzed by RT-PCR and fluorescence staining. The proliferation of T cells was determined by (3)H-TdR incorporation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TLR4, but not TLR5, was detected in iIELs by RT-PCR and fluorescence staining. However, TLR4 was only found in alphabeta iIELs. Furthermore, iIELs were observed to proliferate in response to lipopolysaccharide in vitro, with upregulation of IRAK-1 mRNA expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  alphabeta iIELs can recognize lipopolysaccharide via TLR4, which may play an important role in the intestinal innate immunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China. heweiimu@public.bta.net.cn
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Chunping
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Lian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D053592:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000032:analysis*; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta; C493487:Tlr4 protein, mouse; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5; D053592:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinases; C507769:Irak1 protein, mouse