title: Mesoporous carbide-derived carbon with porosity tuned for efficient adsorption of cytokines.
abstract: Porous carbons can be used for the purification of various bio-fluids, including the cleansing blood of inflammatory mediators in conditions such as sepsis or auto-immune diseases. Here we show that the control of pore size in carbons is a key factor to achieving efficient removal of cytokines. In particular, the surface area accessible by the protein governs the rate and effectiveness of the adsorption process. We demonstrate that novel mesoporous carbon materials synthesized from ternary MAX-phase carbides can be optimized for efficient adsorption of large inflammatory proteins. The synthesized carbons, having tunable pore size with a large volume of slit-shaped mesopores, outperformed all other materials or methods in terms of efficiency of TNF-alpha removal and the results are comparable only with highly specific antibody-antigen interactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering and A.J. Drexel Nanotechnology Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Gleb
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yushin
authors.forename: Elizabeth N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Michel W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Barsoum
authors.forename: Yury
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gogotsi
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: Susan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Sandeman
authors.forename: Gary J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Andrew W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.forename: Sergey V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Mikhalovsky
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D016062:Porosity; D013499:Surface Properties; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002244:Carbon