title: Serum paraoxonase-1 activity and concentration are influenced by human immunodeficiency virus infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Higher high-density lipoprotein concentrations are associated with a better disease course in HIV-infected patients. Paraoxonase-1, an enzyme contained within high-density lipoproteins, is thought to hydrolyse oxidised lipids. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between HIV infection and the circulating activity and concentration of paraoxonase-1, and the concentration of high-density lipoproteins, apolipoprotein A-I and oxidised low-density lipoproteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied patients with HIV infection (n=212) and healthy subjects (n=409). In all the participants we measured the relevant biochemical and genetic variables. The statistical associations between these variables and paraoxonase-1 activity and concentration were assessed using multiple linear regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum paraoxonase-1 activity was decreased (P<0.001) and its concentration was increased (P=0.017) in HIV-patients compared to the controls. HIV infected patients had lower HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I concentrations. Multivariate regression analysis showed that serum paraoxonase-1 activity was associated with the CD4+ T lymphocyte count (P<0.05), apolipoprotein A-I (P<0.001), and paraoxonase-1 genetic polymorphisms (P<0.001). Paraoxonase-1 concentration was associated with that of serum beta-2-microglobulin (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both, paraoxonase-1 activity and concentration were influenced by HIV-infection and these were related to alterations in HDL composition and the immunological status of the patients.
authors.affiliation: Servei de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut, C. Sant Joan s/n, 43201 Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parra
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alonso-Villaverde
authors.forename: Blai
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Coll
authors.forename: Natàlia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ferré
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marsillach
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aragonès
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mackness
authors.forename: Bharti
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mackness
authors.forename: Lluis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Masana
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Joven
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Camps
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human