Serum paraoxonase-1 activity and concentration are influenced by human immunodeficiency virus infection.
BACKGROUND
Higher high-density lipoprotein concentrations are associated with a better disease course in HIV-infected patients. Paraoxonase-1, an enzyme contained within high-density lipoproteins, is thought to hydrolyse oxidised lipids. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between HIV infection and the circulating activity and concentration of paraoxonase-1, and the concentration of high-density lipoproteins, apolipoprotein A-I and oxidised low-density lipoproteins.


METHODS
We studied patients with HIV infection (n=212) and healthy subjects (n=409). In all the participants we measured the relevant biochemical and genetic variables. The statistical associations between these variables and paraoxonase-1 activity and concentration were assessed using multiple linear regression analysis.


RESULTS
Serum paraoxonase-1 activity was decreased (P<0.001) and its concentration was increased (P=0.017) in HIV-patients compared to the controls. HIV infected patients had lower HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I concentrations. Multivariate regression analysis showed that serum paraoxonase-1 activity was associated with the CD4+ T lymphocyte count (P<0.05), apolipoprotein A-I (P<0.001), and paraoxonase-1 genetic polymorphisms (P<0.001). Paraoxonase-1 concentration was associated with that of serum beta-2-microglobulin (P<0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
Both, paraoxonase-1 activity and concentration were influenced by HIV-infection and these were related to alterations in HDL composition and the immunological status of the patients.
Parra
Sandra
S
Servei de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut, C. Sant Joan s/n, 43201 Reus, Spain.
Alonso-Villaverde
Carlos
C
Coll
Blai
B
Ferré
Natàlia
N
Marsillach
Judit
J
Aragonès
Gerard
G
Mackness
Michael
M
Mackness
Bharti
B
Masana
Lluis
L
Joven
Jorge
J
Camps
Jordi
J
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human