title: [Inhibitory action of propyl gallate on the activation of SAPK/JNK and p38MAPK induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the protective effect of propyl gallate against neuronal injury in the boundary zone of the infarction area in the rat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model and its possible mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transient focal ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rats was established by ligation of the left internal carotid artery for 2 h. Rats were treated by propyl gallate with different doses (23.5, 47 and 94 micromol x kg(-1)) for three days before operation. Coronal brain sections were collected after 1 , 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h of reperfusion, neuronal injury in the boundary zone of the infarction area was evaluated by TUNEL and Nissl staining. The expression of activated Caspase-3, total SAPK/JNK, p38MAPK and their phosphorylation (Thr183/Tyr185, Thr180/Tyr182) was investigated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting with corresponding antibodies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although SAPK/JNK immunoreactivity did not increase at each time point in the boundary zone of the infarction area after reperfusion, p-SAPK/JNK immunoreactivity increased significantly at 1 h and then decreased gradually, and p38MAPK immunoreactivity was enhanced at each time point, peaked at 6 h. Expression of p-p38MAPK peaked at 6 h. Activated Caspase-3 immunoreactivity appeared at 6 h in the boundary zone of the infarction area and peaked at 12 h. TUNEL positive neurons were observed at 12 h and became more abundant at 24 h. The number of Nissl positive neurons decreased gradually and apoptosis ratio of neurons peaked at 24 h. Propyl gallate reduced the immunoreactivity of SAPK/JNK, p-SAPK/JNK, p38MAPK and p-p38MAPK markedly at 1 and 6 h. Propyl gallate with doses of 47 and 94 micromol x kg(-1) were more effective.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inhibition on the activation of SAPK/JNK and p38MAPK is the possible protective mechanism of propyl gallate against neuronal injury induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China.
authors.forename: Guan-Yi
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Xiao-Chun
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Chang-Yun
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Tian-Wen
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yu-Qi
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000209:etiology; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000150:complications; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D011435:Propyl Gallate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011699:Putamen / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D011435:Propyl Gallate; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D053148:Caspase 3