title: Review of a mock research protocol in functional neuroimaging by Canadian research ethics boards.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine how research ethics boards (REBs) review research projects in emerging disciplines such as functional neuroimaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  To compare the criteria applied and the decisions reached by REBs that reviewed the same mock research protocol in functional neuroimaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  44 Canadian biomedical REBs, mostly working in public university or hospital settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mock research protocol "The Neurobiology of Social Behavior" included several ethical issues operating at all three levels: personal, institutional and social. Data consisting of responses to closed questions were analysed quantitatively. Qualitative analysis of open-question responses used mixed classification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Similar criteria were used by most participating REBs. Yet the project was unconditionally approved by 3 REBs, approved conditionally by 10 and rejected by 30.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results point to the difficulty for REBs of reviewing all kinds of research projects, regardless of field, by relying on international and national norms framed in general terms and a possible variation between REBs in the interpretation of their mandate for the protection of research subjects.
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche clinique, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 Twelfth Avenue North, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Champlain
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Patenaude
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003943:Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological / Q000941:ethics*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000941:ethics; D026724:Ethical Review; D028744:Ethics Committees, Research / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent / Q000941:ethics; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000941:ethics; D012920:Social Behavior Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D014754:Violence