title: Comparison of monoamine and corticosterone levels 24 h following (+)methamphetamine, (+/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, cocaine, (+)fenfluramine or (+/-)methylphenidate administration in the neonatal rat.
abstract: We have previously shown that neonatal administration of (+/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and (+)fenfluramine produce deficits in spatial and path integration learning, whereas (+)methamphetamine causes deficits in spatial learning. Conversely, cocaine and (+/-)methylphenidate have no effect on either form of learning following neonatal administration. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether corticosterone and/or monoamine levels were changed following subcutaneous administration of 10 mg/kg (+)methamphetamine, (+/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, (+)fenfluramine, (+/-)methylphenidate or cocaine every 2 h (total of four injections) on postnatal day 11. Twenty-four hours after the first dose, plasma, striatum and hippocampus were collected. Corticosterone levels were increased in methamphetamine-, fenfluramine-, methylenedioxymethamphetamine- and methylphenidate-treated rats relative to levels in saline-treated rats, whereas cocaine-treated rats were unaffected. In the striatum and hippocampus, serotonin and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid were reduced in animals treated with methylenedioxymethamphetamine or fenfluramine, compared with levels in saline controls. Dopamine levels were not changed by any of the drugs, although 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid was decreased following methylenedioxymethamphetamine or methamphetamine. Minimal effects were seen in neurotransmitter levels following injection of cocaine or methylphenidate. These data suggest that drugs that affect corticosterone and hippocampal serotonin are associated with both spatial learning and path integration deficits, and those that affect corticosterone and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid are associated with spatial learning deficits only.
authors.affiliation: Divisin of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039, USA.
authors.forename: Tori L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Ehrman
authors.forename: Gary A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Gudelsky
authors.forename: Charles V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Vorhees
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D015104:3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003042:Cocaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood*; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005277:Fenfluramine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014179:Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D015306:Biogenic Monoamines; D014179:Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; D008774:Methylphenidate; D005277:Fenfluramine; D008694:Methamphetamine; D015104:3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine; D003042:Cocaine; D003345:Corticosterone