Preschool stunting, adolescent migration, catch-up growth, and adult height in young senegalese men and women of rural origin.
Available data on the long-term consequences of preschool stunting are scarce and conflicting. The objective of this study was to assess the amount of catch-up growth from preschool stunting and the effect of migration (change in environment) during adolescence. A cohort study from preschool age (1-5 y) to adulthood (18-23 y) was conducted among 2874 subjects born in a rural area of Senegal. The subjects were divided into 3 groups of preschool stunting: none, mild, and marked, with height-for-age Z-scores of >-1, -2 to -1, and <-2, respectively. At follow-up, the history of migration was recalled. Mean height was 161.3 cm for girls and 174.0 cm for boys (>/=20 y). Stunted subjects remained smaller than the others: the age-adjusted height deficit between the 2 extreme categories was 6.6 and 9.0 cm in girls and boys, respectively. However, their height increment from early childhood to adulthood differed (69.3, 70.5, and 72.0 cm, P = 0.0001, and 78.9, 80.0, and 80.3 cm, P < 0.01, for nonstunted, mildly stunted, and markedly stunted girls and boys, respectively). The duration of labor migration to the city was associated with height increment in girls only in a nonlinear relation (adjusted means: 67.2, 69.3, 67.4, and 67.7 cm for 4 groups of increasing duration, P < 0.01). In conclusion, Senegalese children caught up in height prior to adulthood, with the adult means approximately 2 cm below the WHO/NCHS reference. However, this global catch up did not reduce height differences between formerly stunted and nonstunted children to any greater extent and it was not enhanced by labor migration.
Coly
Aminata Ndiaye
AN
IRD, UR024 Montpellier, France. amincolle@caramail.com
Milet
Jacqueline
J
Diallo
Aldiouma
A
Ndiaye
Tofène
T
Bénéfice
Eric
E
Simondon
François
F
Wade
Salimata
S
Simondon
Kirsten B
KB
D000886:Anthropometry; D001827:Body Height; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004522:Educational Status; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006128:Growth; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D012424:Rural Population; D012675:Senegal; D012727:Sex Characteristics