title: Exploiting the enhanced permeability and retention effect for tumor targeting.
abstract: Of the tumor targeting strategies, the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect of macromolecules is a key mechanism for solid tumor targeting, and considered a gold standard for novel drug design. In this review, we discuss various endogenous factors that can positively impact the EPR effect in tumor tissues. Further, we discuss ways to augment the EPR effect by use of exogenous agents, as well as practical methods available in the clinical setting. Some innovative examples developed by researchers to combat cancer by the EPR mechanism are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Oncology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Ikeda 862-0082, Japan.
authors.forename: Arun K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Iyer
authors.forename: Greish
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Khaled
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D010539:Permeability; D011108:Polymers
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011108:Polymers