title: Saliva can mediate HIV-1-specific antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.
abstract: HIV is not usually transmitted by saliva from HIV-1-infected individuals. Antiviral substances in saliva responsible for this may include HIV-1-specific antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). We evaluated saliva ADCC titers of 62 HIV-1-infected women from the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) and 55 uninfected individuals. HIV-1-infected women were less likely to have ADCC activity in saliva than in serum or cervical lavage fluid (CVL). 24% of HIV-1-positive women and a similar percentage of uninfected women had HIV-1-specific saliva ADCC activity. A significant amount of saliva ADCC activity in infected women was HIV-gp120-specific. These studies demonstrate that HIV-specific ADCC activity can be present in saliva. This activity may contribute to host defence against initial infection with HIV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Jenney S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Pratip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nag
authors.forename: Alan L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Landay
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Mardge H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Cohn
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Bremer
authors.forename: Linda L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Baum
mesh_terms: D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D007070:Immunoglobulin A