title: Treatment of intermediate-risk prostate cancer with brachytherapy without supplemental pelvic radiotherapy: a review of the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the biochemical outcomes of patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer treated at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center with an I-125 permanent seed implant without supplemental pelvic radiotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Under an institutional review board approved protocol, the charts of 88 patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer and a minimum follow-up of 36 months treated with brachytherapy without supplemental pelvic radiotherapy were reviewed. Median follow-up for the whole cohort was 57 months (range 37-121). Biochemical failure was defined using the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology definition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5-year biochemical failure-free survival for the cohort was 83%. Patients with perineural invasion had a worse biochemical outcome, which was statistically significant (perineural invasion vs. no perineural invasion, 5-year biochemical failure-free survival 64% vs. 89%, P = 0.004). None of the following factors were found significant in this subset of patients: Gleason scores 6 versus 7, primary Gleason grades 3 versus 4, percentage of core positive <20% versus >20%, number of cores positive <2 versus 2 versus >2, hormonal therapy versus no hormonal therapy, T1 versus T2, prostate-specific antigen <10 versus >10, or > or =2 intermediate risk factors versus 1 intermediate risk factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer may be treated effectively with brachytherapy without supplemental pelvic radiotherapy. However, because of the limited nature of our study, we cannot exclude that patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer may benefit from supplemental external beam radiotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, University of South Florida College of Medicine and H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
authors.forename: Javier F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Torres-Roca
authors.forename: Alan B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Cantor
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Montejo
authors.forename: Jay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Friedland
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Seigne
authors.forename: Randy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heysek
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pow-Sang
mesh_terms: D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes