title: Thrombophilia and avascular necrosis of femoral head in kidney allograft recipients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thrombophilia has been implicated in the development of avascular necrosis (AVN) in various diseases. We aimed to search for the relation of both prothrombin gene G20210A mutation and factor V G1691A (factor V Leiden) mutation with AVN among kidney transplant recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen patients with AVN and 38 control patients without AVN were included. Clinical information was collected, and gender, age, type of renal allograft, duration and type of dialysis, presence of acute rejection, and cumulative doses of ciclosporin and corticosteroid administration were taken into consideration. Genotypes of factor V G1691A and prothrombin G20210A were determined by direct sequencing of genomic DNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Factor V Leiden mutation was detected in six patients (31.6%) among patients with AVN and in only three patients (7.9%) in the control group (P = 0.048). Two patients (10.5%) in the AVN group were determined to have prothrombin G20210A mutation, while no prothrombin G20210A mutation was detected in the control group. When both of the mutations causing thrombophilia were considered, a total of eight patients (42.1%) in the AVN group and three patients (7.9%) in the control group were identified (P = 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thrombophilia seems to be an important risk factor for development of AVN. More studies are needed to clarify the role of factor V G1691A and prothrombin G20210A mutation for AVN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ibni Sina Hospital, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yakup
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ekmekci
authors.forename: Kenan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Keven
authors.forename: Nejat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akar
authors.forename: Yonca
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Egin
authors.forename: Sule
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sengul
authors.forename: Sim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kutlay
authors.forename: Sehsuvar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erturk
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Erbay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005165:Factor V / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005271:Femur Head Necrosis / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000235:genetics*; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: C095381:factor V Leiden; D005165:Factor V; D011516:Prothrombin