title: Gliclazide treatment lowers serum ICAM-1 levels in poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the potential effect of gliclazide on serum ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1) and VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) levels in poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 104 patients, randomly divided into two groups. Group A comprised 53 patients (26 men) treated with gliclazide with a mean age of 67.5+/-9.9 years, a mean diabetes duration of 13.4+/-5.4 years and a mean HbA1c of 8.6+/-1.1%. Group B comprised 51 patients (25 men) treated with glibenclamide with a mean age of 66.4+/-10.9 years, a mean diabetes duration of 13.2+/-6.1 years and a mean HbA1c of 8.4+/-1.3%. A third group of 30 healthy controls (15 men) with a mean age of 63.3+/-10.4 years was also included. Serum levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were measured at the beginning of the study and after six months of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pretreatment serum ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels did not differ between groups A and B, while they were significantly higher (P=0.0001) than in healthy controls. No significant difference in HbA1c, body mass index, blood pressure control and lipid profile between the two groups was observed after the sixth month of treatment. In group A, serum ICAM-1 levels after six months of treatment were significantly reduced from 623.12+/-61.17 ng/ml to 370.14+/-49.92 ng/ml (P=0,01), while no reduction was found in VCAM-1 levels. In group B, no reduction was found in serum ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels after the end of the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that gliclazide treatment reduces serum ICAM-1 levels in poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients. This reduction is independent of the hypoglycaemic action of gliclazide.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece. papanasnikos@yahoo.gr
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Papanas
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tziakas
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chalikias
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Floros
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trypsianis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papadopoulou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kortsaris
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Symeonidis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Souliou
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maltezos
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hatseras
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005907:Gliclazide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005905:Glyburide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005907:Gliclazide; D005905:Glyburide; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1