title: Cranberry phytochemicals: Isolation, structure elucidation, and their antiproliferative and antioxidant activities.
abstract: Bioactivity-guided fractionation of cranberries was used to determine the chemical identity of bioactive constituents. Twenty compounds were isolated using gradient solvent fractionation, silica gel and ODS columns, and preparative RP-HPLC. Their chemical structures were identified using HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Antiproliferative activities of isolated compounds against HepG2 human liver cancer and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells were evaluated. Among the compounds isolated, ursolic acid, quercetin, and 3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavonol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside showed potent antiproliferative activities against HepG2 cell growth, with EC50 values of 87.4 +/- 2.7, 40.9 +/- 1.1, and 49.2 +/- 4.9 microM, respectively. Ursolic acid, quercetin, and 3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavonol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside showed potent inhibitory activity toward the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, with EC50 values of 11.7 +/- 0.1, 137.5 +/- 2.6, and 23.9 +/- 3.9 microM, respectively. Quercetin, 3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavonol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavonol-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside, and 3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavonol-3-O-alpha-l-arabinofuranoside showed potent antioxidant activities, with EC50 values of approximately 10 microM. These results showed cranberry phytochemical extracts have potent antioxidant and antiproliferative activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Stocking Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-7201, USA.
authors.forename: Xiangjiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Rui Hai
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D029799:Vaccinium macrocarpon / Q000737:chemistry*; D000097245:Ursolic Acid
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D011794:Quercetin; D014315:Triterpenes; D000097245:Ursolic Acid