title: Histologic evaluation of 3 retrieved immediately loaded implants after a 4-month period.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform a histologic and histomorphometric analysis of the peri-implant tissue reactions and bone-titanium interface in 3 immediately loaded (provisional loaded) titanium implants retrieved from a man after a loading period of 4 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 35-year-old patient with a maxillary partial edentulism did not want to wear a provisional removable prosthesis during the healing period. It was decided to insert 3 definitive implants and use 3 provisional implants for the transitional period. The provisional implants were loaded the same day with a resin prosthesis in occlusal contact. During the second surgical phase, after 4 months, the provisional prosthesis was removed, and the provisional implants were retrieved with a trephine bur. Before retrieval, all implants appeared to be clinically osseointegrated. The specimens were processed for observation under light microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At low magnification, it was possible to observe that bone trabeculae were present around the implant. Areas of bone remodeling and haversian systems were present near the implant surface. Under polarized-light microscopy, it was possible to observe that in the coronal aspect of the thread, the lamellar bone showed lamellae that tended to run parallel to the implant surface, while in the inferior aspect of the thread, the bone lamellae ran perpendicular to the implant surface.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Histologic data pertaining to these 3 immediately loaded implants, and retrieved after a 4-month loading period, show that immediate loading did not produce untoward effects on peri-implant bone healing.
authors.affiliation: Dental School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iezzi
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pecora
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scarano
authors.forename: Vittoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Perrotti
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piattelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D003794:Dental Restoration, Temporary / Q000379:methods*; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016348:Osseointegration; D013997:Time Factors; D016474:Weight-Bearing
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants