title: PTHrP and insulin levels following oral glucose and calcium administration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), identified as a tumor product, is responsible for humoral malignant hypercalcemia. Unlike PTH, PTHrP is found in almost every body tissue including pancreatic alpha, beta, delta, and pp cells, where it is processed into multiple secretory forms, co-packaged with insulin, and secreted in a regulated fashion in response to insulin secretagogues. Ionized calcium is a stimulator for the release of several peptide hormones.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, we examined the effect of an oral calcium (1 g elemental calcium) and glucose (75 g) load on insulin and PTHrP release in 16 healthy volunteers and of an oral calcium load in 16 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. Serum calcium, glucose, insulin, and PTHrP levels were determined at 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results indicate that, at each time point, type 2 diabetic patients exhibited greater basal values of PTHrP than controls (200.3+/-110.5 pg/ml vs. 82.0+/-22.3 pg/ml, respectively, p<0.0001). The PTHrP level was consistently higher in response to the glucose load than the calcium load at each time point observed (p<0.0001). NIDDM patients exhibited greater basal serum PTHrP levels than the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PTHrP was proven for the first time to be released from beta cells in parallel to insulin and in response to glucose stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Edith Wolfson Medical Centre, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 5 Holon, Israel.
authors.forename: Renana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shor
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Halabe
authors.forename: Ela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aberbuh
authors.forename: Zipora
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Matas
authors.forename: Asora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fux
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boaz
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wainstein