title: Microbiology of the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis submitted to functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
abstract: Chronic rhinosinusitis microbiology studies show the presence of aerobe and anaerobe microorganisms, fungus and virus and their incidence vary according to each study. These studies guide us on choosing the most adequate antimicrobial agent to eliminate the infectious process, thus, helping in restoring rhinosinusal mucosa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical prospective.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This work aimed at studying the microbiology of the maxillary and/or ethmoid sinuses of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and with indication of functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  During surgery, we collected secretion and/or fragments of maxillary and/or ethmoid sinus mucosa from 41 patients to perform Gram stain, fungus direct research, aerobe and anaerobe microorganism culture and fungus culture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified the presence of aerobe microorganisms in 21 patients (51.2%), anaerobe microorganisms in 16 (39%) and fungus in 1 (2.4%). In the studied population, only 12 patients (29.2%) presented microorganisms considered pathogenic when analyzed together with the semi-quantitative leukocyte count. Staphylococcus coagulase-negative and Staphylococcus aureus were the most frequent microorganisms found, in 5 (12.18%) and in 4 (9.75%) patients respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study reveals that Staphylococcus coagulase-negative and Staphylococcus aureus were the most frequent microorganisms isolated from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.
authors.affiliation: UNITAU, Brazil. josiane@otorrinoclinica.com.br
authors.forename: Josiane Faria de Aguiar
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Nigro
authors.forename: Carlos Eduardo Nazareth
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Nigro
authors.forename: Silvio Antonio Monteiro
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Marone
authors.forename: Richard Louis
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Voegels
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004724:Endoscopy; D015521:Ethmoid Sinusitis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015523:Maxillary Sinusitis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery