title: The principles and processes of inspiring hope in bereavement counselling: a modified grounded theory study--part one.
abstract: The concept of hope has received attention within nursing and healthcare literature of late yet it is fair to say that despite this increased interest, considerable gaps remain in our substantive knowledge base. Particularly noticeable is the paucity of empirically derived theory regarding the principles of inspiring and instilling hope in certain client groups and with persons enduring certain experiences. Accordingly, this two-part paper attempts to bridge one of these gaps by answering the question: do bereavement counsellors inspire hope in their clients and if so, how? Using a modified grounded theory method data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews; undertaken with a theoretical sample of bereavement counsellors and ex-clients who had received bereavement counselling. In keeping with the tenets of grounded theory, the data were coded and analysed using the constant comparison method, and this produced an emerging, substantive theory of the principles and processes of hope inspiration for this client group. This theory is comprised of a core variable: the implicit projection of hope and hopefulness, and three sub-core variables: forging the connection and the relationship; facilitating a cathartic release; and experiencing a healthy (good) ending. Given that the details of the core variable have been published previously, part one of this paper deals with a review of the literature and focuses on stage one; highlighting each of the individual categories. Where as part two focuses on stages two and three, again highlights the categories therein and offers a discussion and conclusion.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas (Tyler), College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Tyler, TX 75799, USA. drjohnr@cox.net
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cutcliffe
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000339:Affect; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001601:Bereavement; D003142:Communication; D003376:Counseling / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004645:Empathy; D005852:Geriatric Psychiatry; D006379:Helping Behavior; D006801:Humans; D009013:Morale; D024802:Nurse's Role / Q000523:psychology; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009740:Nursing Staff / Q000523:psychology*; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000451:nursing; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012650:Self Disclosure; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D013405:Suicide / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D035502:Trust