title: Avian influenza among waterfowl hunters and wildlife professionals.
abstract: We report serologic evidence of avian influenza infection in 1 duck hunter and 2 wildlife professionals with extensive histories of wild waterfowl and game bird exposure. Two laboratory methods showed evidence of past infection with influenza A/H11N9, a less common virus strain in wild ducks, in these 3 persons.
authors.affiliation: University of Iowa Hygienic Laboratory, 102 Oakdale Campus, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. james-gill@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Webby
authors.forename: Mary J R
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gilchrist
authors.forename: Gregory C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Gray
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000821:virology*; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D004372:Ducks / Q000821:virology*; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011998:Recreation