title: Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for diffuse diabetic macular oedema: 6-month results of a prospective controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate prospectively the efficacy and safety of one intravitreal injection of 4 mg triamcinolone acetonide for refractory diffuse diabetic macular edema.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients with bilateral diabetic macular edema unresponsive to laser photocoagulation. In all patients, one eye was injected, and the other served as a control. The intervention consisted in intravitreal injection of 4 mg triamcinolone acetonide. The main outcome measure was central macular thickness (CMT) at 4, 12 and 24 weeks, measured by Optical Coherence Tomography. Secondary outcomes were Early Treatment Diabetic Rentinopathy Study (ETDRS) scores, intraocular pressure and cataract PROGRESSION.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before injection, mean +/- SD CMT was 566.4 +/- 182.4 mum in injected eyes. Four, 12, and 24 weeks after injection, it was 228.4 +/- 47.5 mum, 210.9 +/- 87.2 mum and 358.5 +/- 160.5 mum respectively. CMT was significantly lower in injected eyes vs. control eyes except 24 weeks after injection because of a recurrence of macular edema in 9/17 injected eyes. Mean +/- SD gain in ETDRS score was significantly better in injected eyes vs. control eyes 4, 12 and 24 weeks after TA injection. In 9 of the 17 injected eyes, intraocular pressure exceeded 24 mmHg and was controlled by topical medication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the short-term, intravitreal injection of triamcinolone effectively reduces macular thickening due to diffuse diabetic macular edema and improves visual acuity in most cases. The long-term effect of this treatment and predictive factors of visual recovery remain to be elucidated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Lariboisière Hospital, University of Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Audren
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Erginay
authors.forename: Belkacem
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Haouchine
authors.forename: Rym
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Benosman
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Conrath
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bergmann
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gaudric
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Massin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide