title: Acute and chronic syndesmosis injuries: pathomechanisms, diagnosis and management.
abstract: Both acute and chronic syndesmotic injuries can lead to significant morbidity. The key to management of acute injuries is anatomic reduction of the fibula and the syndesmosis. A high index of suspicion for syndesmotic injuries will allow the surgeon to avoid the difficult reconstruction options for chronic diastasis.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Foot and Ankle Reconstruction, Mercy Medical Center, 301 St. Paul Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA. noresp@gmx.net
authors.forename: Norman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Espinosa
authors.forename: Jonathan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Smerek
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Myerson
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans