title: Topiramate treatment for nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the antiepileptic drug topiramate (TPM) in a sample of patients with nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  A 24 patients with video-polysomnographically confirmed NFLE received topiramate as single or add-on therapy. They all completed diaries concerning the seizures frequency and complexity and underwent to periodic follow-up visits. We classified the patients as: seizure-free, responders or non-responders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  15 M; 9 F; mean age 29.3+/-10.4 years. The video-polysomnographic recordings showed a wide spectrum of seizures, ranging from repeated stereotypic brief motor attacks to prolonged attacks, with complex and bizarre behaviour; the recorded episodes occurred during non-REM sleep, both stage 2 and stage 3-4. The EEG during wakefulness was normal in all the patients, while seven of them showed epileptiform abnormalities during polysomnography. TPM was administered as single or add-on therapy from 50 to 300mg daily at bedtime. The follow-up duration ranged from 6 months to 6 years. The patients were classified as: seizure-free=6 (25%); responders (reduction of at least 50% of seizures)=15 (62.5%); non-responders=3 (12.5%). The adverse events were: weight loss (6 pts, 25%); paresthesias (3 pts, 12.5%); speech dysfunction (2 pts, 8.3%). All the adverse events disappeared within 3 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our experience, TPM seems to be effective in about 90% of patients with NFLE. Few of them experienced transitory adverse events. TPM could be included in the options for patients with this form of epilepsy.
authors.affiliation: Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, HSR Turro and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. oldani.alessandro@hsr.it
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oldani
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manconi
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zucconi
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martinelli
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferini-Strambi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D017034:Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005632:Fructose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology; D000077236:Topiramate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000077236:Topiramate; D005632:Fructose