title: Anesthesia for pediatric gastroscopy: a study comparing the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway with nasal cannulae.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We tested the hypothesis that pediatric gastroscopy is more successful using the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway with the drain tube as a conduit to the stomach (ProSeal LMA group) than using nasal cannulae with conventional oral access to the stomach (NC group).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty children were consecutively and randomly allocated into each group. Patients breathed spontaneously and were given sevoflurane/air/oxygen mixture with propofol 1 mg.kg-1 boluses, as required. Anesthesia was provided by experienced users of both techniques. The following data were collected by an unblinded observer: operation and anesthesia times; cardiorespiratory data; adverse events; and recovery scores. In addition, the surgeon scored the ease of performing the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (range) age and weight was 74 (24-144) months and 26 (10-61) kg. Operation (15 min vs 24 min, P<0.0001) and anesthesia (22 min vs 37 min, P<0.0001) times were shorter in the ProSeal LMA group, but propofol bolus requirements per unit time were similar. Oxygen saturation was higher in the ProSeal LMA group (100% vs 94%, P<0.0006), but other cardiorespiratory variables were similar. There were no differences in the ease of performing the procedure. Hypoxia occurred more frequently in the NC group (20% vs 0%). Recovery scores were similar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that pediatric gastroscopy is quicker and has fewer airway complications when performed through the ProSeal LMA than using nasal cannulae and a conventional approach by experienced users.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Reanimation, Maranon University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Maite
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lopez-Gil
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brimacombe
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Díaz-Regañon
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005773:Gastroscopy; D006801:Humans; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal; D017214:Laryngeal Masks; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology; D000077149:Sevoflurane
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D010100:Oxygen