title: Plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha may predict the outcome of patients with acute renal failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Elevated plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) concentration is frequently found in patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis (HD) and correlates with their mortality. The present study aimed to analyze the relationship between plasma TNFalpha concentrations and survival of patients with nonseptic acute renal failure (ARF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven patients with ARF and 27 HD patients were examined. In ARF the patients' plasma TNFalpha concentrations were assessed 3 times: before the first HD session (phase I), 5 days later at the anuric/oliguric phase (phase II), and at the polyuric phase at discharge of the patients from the hospital (phase III). In 17 ARF patients kidney function recovered and 10 patients died in phase I.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In ARF patients plasma TNFalpha concentration was markedly higher [70 pg/ml (37-275)] than reference values (<5 pg/ml) but significantly lower than in HD patients [216 pg/ml (18-350)]. Moreover, also plasma TNFalpha levels at the polyuric phase remained elevated. An initial plasma TNFalpha concentration in ARF patients lower than 70 pg/ml predicted the beneficial outcome with a sensitivity of 64.7% and a specificity of 70.0%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) Plasma TNFalpha concentration may predict the outcome in patients with ARF. (2) Plasma TNFalpha concentration remained elevated at the polyuric phase in ARF despite a marked improvement of excretory kidney function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Rafał
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ficek
authors.forename: Franciszek
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kokot
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chudek
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adamczak
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ficek
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiecek
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha