Xylitol concentration in saliva and dental plaque after use of various xylitol-containing products.
The study consisted of two sets of experiments, one in saliva and one in dental plaque. The xylitol concentration in saliva was determined enzymatically in 12 children (mean age 11.5 years) after a standardised use of various xylitol products: (A) chewing gums (1.3 g xylitol), (B) sucking tablets (0.8 g xylitol), (C) candy tablets (1.1 g xylitol), (D) toothpaste (0.1 g xylitol), (E) rinse (1.0 g xylitol), and (F) a non-xylitol paraffin. Unstimulated saliva was sampled 1, 3, 8, 16 and 30 min after use. The concentration in dental plaque was determined after mouthrinses with contrasting amounts of xylitol (LX = 2.0 g, HX = 6.0 g, and control) and supragingival plaque was collected and pooled after 5, 15 and 30 min. The mean xylitol concentration in saliva at baseline was approximately 0.1 mg/ml. All xylitol-containing products resulted in significantly increased levels (p < 0.05) immediately after intake and remained elevated for 8-16 min in the different groups. The highest mean value in saliva was obtained immediately after use of chewing gums (33.7 +/- 16.4 mg/ml) and the lowest was demonstrated after using toothpaste (8.2 +/- 4.9 mg/ml). No significant differences were demonstrated between chewing gums (A), sucking tablets (B), candy (C) and rinses (E). In dental plaque, the mean values were 8.6 +/- 5.4 and 5.1 +/- 4.0 mg/ml 5 min after HX and LX rinses. Concerning the higher concentration, the values remained significantly elevated (p < 0.05) during the entire 30-min follow-up. In conclusion, commonly advocated xylitol-containing products gave elevated concentrations of xylitol in unstimulated whole saliva and dental plaque for at least 8 min after intake.
Lif Holgerson
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Department of Odontology, Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. pernilla.life@odont.umu.se
Stecksén-Blicks
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Sjöström
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Oberg
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M
Twetman
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D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002182:Candy; D002638:Chewing Gum; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D009067:Mouthwashes; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013607:Tablets; D014100:Toothpastes; D014993:Xylitol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D002638:Chewing Gum; D009067:Mouthwashes; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D013607:Tablets; D014100:Toothpastes; D014993:Xylitol