title: Televised movie trailers: undermining restrictions on advertising tobacco to youth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the proportion of televised movie trailers that included images of tobacco use during 1 year and the extent of youth exposure to those trailers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Content analysis combined with Nielsen data measuring media exposure. All movie trailers (N = 216) shown on television from August 1, 2001, through July 31, 2002.
  
  
  METHODS
  Exposure among youth aged 12 to 17 years to televised movie trailers that included smoking imagery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the movie trailers televised during the study period, 14.4% (31 trailers) included images of tobacco use. Tobacco use was shown in 24.0% of the 23 trailers for R-rated (restricted) movies and 7.5% of the 8 trailers for PG-13- and PG-rated (parental guidance) movies. Ninety-five percent of all youth aged 12 to 17 years in the United States saw at least 1 movie trailer depicting tobacco use on television during this 1 year, and 88.8% saw at least 1 of these trailers 3 or more times.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nearly all US youth aged 12 to 17 years were exposed to images of tobacco use on television in the context of a movie trailer during the study period. Given the relationship between youth exposure to tobacco use in movies and smoking initiation, the public health community should work to enact policy to reduce or eliminate the influence of tobacco use in televised movie trailers.
authors.affiliation: American Legacy Foundation, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Cheryl G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Healton
authors.forename: Ella S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Watson-Stryker
authors.forename: Jane Appleyard
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Donna M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Vallone
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Messeri
authors.forename: Philip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Anna M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: M David
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Dobbins
authors.forename: Stanton A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Glantz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000329:Advertising / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D009040:Motion Pictures; D013690:Television; D014481:United States; D014026:Nicotiana