title: Clinical inquiries. What are appropriate screening tests for infants and children?
abstract: There is adequate evidence for screening neonates for hemoglobinopathies, congenital hypothyroidism, phenylketonuria (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A), and cystic fibrosis (SOR: B). Vision screening should be done for those younger than age 5 years (SOR: B). High-risk children should be tested for tuberculosis (TB) (SOR: B) and lead toxicity (SOR: B). Few data exist to guide frequency and timing of these screening tests, so the following timing recommendations are based on consensus opinion (SOR: C): test for visual acuity yearly starting at age 3 years; test for TB and lead once between the ages of 9 and 12 months, and repeat for high risk or exposure.
authors.affiliation: Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
authors.forename: Frances E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Biagioli
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: DeVoe
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: Vince
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: WinklerPrins
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003409:Congenital Hypothyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D006453:Hemoglobinopathies / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000175:diagnosis; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000592:standards*; D010661:Phenylketonurias / Q000175:diagnosis; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000379:methods*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D014481:United States; D014792:Visual Acuity