Critical role for peptide YY in protein-mediated satiation and body-weight regulation.
Dietary protein enhances satiety and promotes weight loss, but the mechanisms by which appetite is affected remain unclear. We investigated the role of gut hormones, key regulators of ingestive behavior, in mediating the satiating effects of different macronutrients. In normal-weight and obese human subjects, high-protein intake induced the greatest release of the anorectic hormone peptide YY (PYY) and the most pronounced satiety. Long-term augmentation of dietary protein in mice increased plasma PYY levels, decreased food intake, and reduced adiposity. To directly determine the role of PYY in mediating the satiating effects of protein, we generated Pyy null mice, which were selectively resistant to the satiating and weight-reducing effects of protein and developed marked obesity that was reversed by exogenous PYY treatment. Our findings suggest that modulating the release of endogenous satiety factors, such as PYY, through alteration of specific diet constituents could provide a rational therapy for obesity.
Batterham
Rachel L
RL
Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University College London, WC1E 6JJ, United Kingdom. r.batterham@ucl.ac.uk
Heffron
Helen
H
Kapoor
Saloni
S
Chivers
Joanna E
JE
Chandarana
Keval
K
Herzog
Herbert
H
Le Roux
Carel W
CW
Thomas
E Louise
EL
Bell
Jimmy D
JD
Withers
Dominic J
DJ
D000818:Animals; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019858:Enteroendocrine Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D005526:Food, Formulated; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism*; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000502:physiology*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
D004044:Dietary Proteins; D006728:Hormones; D019894:Peptide YY