title: Radiology findings in adult patients with vocal fold paralysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compile imaging findings in patients with vocal fold paralysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of the medical charts of 100 consecutive patients, admitted to our department with vocal fold paralysis was undertaken. After laryngoscopy, patients were referred for radiological work-up depending on their clinical history and clinical findings. Ultrasound of the neck and/or contrast-enhanced spiral computed tomography (CT) of the neck and mediastinum was performed, extending to include the whole chest if necessary. In one patient, CT of the brain and in two patients, magnetic resonance angiography was undertaken. Analysis of the clinical and radiological data was performed to assess the most frequent causes for vocal fold paralysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 66% of patients, the paralysis was related to previous surgery. Thirty-four percent of cases were labelled idiopathic after clinical examination. After imaging and follow-up, only 8% remained unexplained. Nine patients suffered from neoplasms, four from vascular disease, and 12 from infections. One patient developed encephalomyelitis disseminata on follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thorough radiological work-up helps to reduce the amount of idiopathic cases of vocal fold paralysis and guides appropriate therapy.
authors.affiliation: Helsinki Medical Imaging Centre, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu, Helsinki. s.robinson@dzu.at
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pitkäranta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology