title: The pleiotropic Arabidopsis frd mutation with altered coordination of chloroplast biogenesis, cell size and differentiation, organ size and number.
abstract: In higher plants, plastid development must be tightly coordinated with cell and organ development. In this paper, a novel T-DNA-mutagenized Arabidopsis line showing chlorotic leaves and minute stature was identified in a genetic screen for altered chloroplast development. The mutation corresponded to a single locus on chromosome IV and was associated with insertion of the T-DNA. This locus was named FARFADET and resulted in pleiotropic effects on chloroplast biogenesis, cell size and differentiation, organ size and number. Thus, in contrast with previously described chlorotic mutants, frd mutants were affected not only in chloroplast development and chlorophyll accumulation, but also in cell and organ development. Alteration of differentiation affected different cell types such as leaf epidermal cells, trichomes, mesophyll cells, and columella cells. A major effect on mesophyll cell differentiation was the lack of palisadic parenchyma and absence of grana stacks. Moreover, meristem size and lateral meristem initiation were affected. Genetic and molecular characterisation showed that the T-DNA insertion generated 41 bp deletion in a potential miRNA precursor. The predicted miRNA target genes were involved in plant development and stress. It is therefore hypothesized that the frd mutation had affected coordination of cell developmental span and the control of the division-differentiation balance.
authors.affiliation: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Rennes 1, UMR 6553 Fonctionnement des écosystèmes, Campus de Beaulieu, bâtiment 14A, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sulmon
authors.forename: Gwenola
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gouesbet
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Couée
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cabello-Hurtado
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cavalier
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Penno
authors.forename: Raïhana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zaka
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bechtold
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Abdelhak
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El Amrani
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D048429:Cell Size; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D017343:Genes, Plant; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009154:Mutation; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000254:growth & development / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D018744:DNA, Plant; C036483:T-DNA