title: Obstetric outcomes in overweight and obese adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obese adult pregnant women have increased rates of maternal and neonatal complications. Our objective was to examine adverse obstetric outcomes in overweight adolescent women.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective case-control study of 4822 women who were < 19 years old, 3324 appropriate-weight subjects (body mass index, 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) and 1498 overweight subjects (body mass index, > or = 25 kg/m2) were compared. Frequencies and odds ratios for adverse maternal or neonatal events were computed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with appropriate-weight adolescents, primary cesarean delivery (odds ratio, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.4-1.9), failure to progress/cephalopelvic disproportion (odds ratio 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-1.9), labor induction (odds ratio, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.3-1.7), pregnancy-induced hypertension (odds ratio, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.4-2.3), preeclampsia (odds ratio, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.4), and gestational diabetes mellitus (odds ratio, 3.0, 95% CI, 1.6-5.4) were significantly more common in overweight adolescents. Significant neonatal findings included an increased incidence of macrosomia (odds ratio, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-2.0) and a decreased incidence of low birth weight infants (odds ratio, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4-0.8) and small for gestational age infants (odds ratio, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.7-1.0).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overweight adolescent women are at increased risk for adverse neonatal and perinatal outcomes. With rates of overweight increasing overall, overweight in the gravid adolescent is a pressing perinatal and public health concern.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. sara_sukalich@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sukalich
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mingione
authors.forename: J Christopher
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Glantz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001724:Birth Weight; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D052178:Cephalopelvic Disproportion / Q000453:epidemiology; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000453:epidemiology