Neural-endocrine-immune complex in the central modulation of tumorigenesis: facts, assumptions, and hypotheses.
For the precise coordination of systemic functions, the nervous system uses a variety of peripherally and centrally localized receptors, which transmit information from internal and external environments to the central nervous system. Tight interconnections between the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems provide a base for monitoring and consequent modulation of immune system functions by the brain and vice versa. The immune system plays an important role in tumorigenesis. On the basis of rich interconnections between the immune, nervous and endocrine systems, the possibility that the brain may be informed about tumorigenesis is discussed in this review article. Moreover, the eventual modulation of tumorigenesis by central nervous system is also considered. Prospective consequences of the interactions between tumor and brain for diagnosis and therapy of cancer are emphasized.
Mravec
Boris
B
Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic. ueenmrav@savba.sk
Gidron
Yori
Y
Kukanova
Barbara
B
Bizik
Jozef
J
Kiss
Alexander
A
Hulin
Ivan
I
D000818:Animals; D017776:Autonomic Pathways / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000276:immunology; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D009420:Nervous System / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000276:immunology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000276:immunology*; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000276:immunology*; D009490:Neurosecretory Systems / Q000276:immunology*; D011602:Psychophysiologic Disorders / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000276:immunology