Etiology and incidence facial fractures in children and adults.
Facial trauma has presented an increasing occurrence in the last four decades, due especially to the growth of accidents with automobiles as well as to the urban violence. Both of which continue being the main cause of such traumas.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the features of the population victim of facial trauma as to gender, age, occupation, origin, type of fracture and its cause.


METHODS
retrospective clinical with transversal cohort.


METHODS
Retrospective study consulting hospital registers of 513 patients victims of the facial trauma.


RESULTS
There was a higher incidence of facial trauma on men (84,9%), white (82,7) and with an average age of 29. Regarding occupation, the trauma was mostly occurred to students (16,6%) and Masons (11,2%). The jaw was the most affected place (35%), followed by zygoma (24%) and by the nose (23%), though most patients presented a single facial fracture (82,5%). Among the causes, accidents with automobiles (28,3%), aggression (21%) and accidental fall s (19,5%) were the most common.


CONCLUSIONS
Accidents with automobiles continue being the main cause of facial trauma, especially of multiple fractures due to the great transmission of kinetic energy.
Montovani
Jair Cortez
JC
de Campos
Lígia Maria Pirani
LM
Gomes
Marina Ayabe
MA
de Moraes
Vinícius Rodrigues Silva
VR
Ferreira
Fabricio Dominici
FD
Nogueira
Emanuel Araújo
EA
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000293:injuries*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*