title: Usefulness of preoperative FDG-PET for detection of gastric cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Positron emission tomography (PET), using 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) as a tracer, can detect malignant neoplasms with altered glucose metabolism. To clarify the usefulness of FDG-PET for detecting gastric cancer, we evaluated preoperative PET imaging in gastric cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two gastric cancer patients who underwent FDG-PET imaging and gastric resection with lymphadenectomy were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For primary tumor assessment by PET, detection rates were significantly different in the following order: tumor size 30 mm or more (76.7%) > tumor size less than 30 mm (16.8%); advanced gastric cancer (AGC, 82.9%) > early gastric cancer (EGC; 25.9%); with nodal involvement (79.3%) > without nodal involvement (39.4%). In EGCs, the detection rate of the intestinal type, according to Lauren's classification (43.8%) was significantly higher than that of the diffuse type (0%). Two of the 7 EGC patients who were PET-positive had nodal involvement and their tumors were the intestinal type. For the assessment of nodal involvement, the accuracy of nodal involvement detection was 67.7% with PET and 75.8% with computed tomography (CT). Preoperative FDG-PET revealed colon cancer in 2 patients, adrenal tumor in 1 patient, lung cancer in 1 patient, and lung metastasis in 1 patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Larger or more advanced tumors with nodal involvement had a higher detection rate by PET. In EGCs, only the intestinal type was detectable by PET. PET-positive EGC may be aggressive, and an adequate lymphadenectomy must be done. Preoperative PET was useful for the detection of other malignancies and distant metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Himeji Central Hospital, 2-36 Miyake, Shikama-ku, Himeji, 672-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okajima
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Isozaki
authors.forename: Tsukasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005743:Gastrectomy; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D009333:Neck; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D011300:Preoperative Care; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D051598:Whole Body Imaging / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18