title: The mouse lymphoma thymidine kinase assay for the assessment and comparison of the mutagenic activity of cigarette mainstream smoke particulate phase.
abstract: The mouse lymphoma thymidine kinase assay (MLA) has been optimized to quantitatively determine the in vitro mutagenicity of cigarette mainstream smoke particulate phase. To test whether the MLA is able to discriminate between different cigarette types, specially constructed cigarettes each containing a single tobacco type - Bright, Burley, or Oriental - were investigated. The mutagenic activity of the Burley cigarette was statistically significantly lower, up to approximately 40%, than that of the Bright and Oriental cigarettes. To determine the impact of two different sets of smoking conditions, American-blend cigarettes were smoked under US Federal Trade Commission/International Organisation for Standardisation conditions and under Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH) conditions. Conventional cigarettes - eight from the US commercial market plus the Reference Cigarettes 1R4F and 2R4F - and an electrically heated cigarette smoking system (EHCSS) prototype were tested. There were no statistically significant differences between the two sets of smoking conditions on a per mg total particulate matter basis, although there was a consistent trend towards slightly lower mutagenic activity under MDPH conditions. The mutagenic activity of the EHCSS prototype was distinctly lower than that of the conventional cigarettes under both sets of smoking conditions. These results show that the MLA can be used to assess and compare the mutagenic activity of cigarette mainstream smoke particulate phase in the comprehensive toxicological assessment of cigarette smoke.
authors.affiliation: Philip Morris Research Laboratories, Fuggerstrasse 3, D-51149 Cologne, Germany. heike.schramke@pmintl.com
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schramke
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Meisgen
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Tewes
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gomm
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roemer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D003470:Culture Media; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000235:genetics*; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014026:Nicotiana
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D009153:Mutagens; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D013937:Thymidine Kinase