title: The effects of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and dexamethasone on acute inflammation and T-cell proliferation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic glucocorticoid treatment is associated with pharmacological resistance. We investigated the auxiliary effects of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) on dexamethasone (DEX)-related modulation of inflammation and T-cell proliferation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Acute inflammation (pleurisy) was induced by injection of carrageenan into the pleural cavity of rats that were treated in vivo with DEX s. c. and FBP i. p. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and T-cell sensitivity to FBP and DEX was evaluated in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FBP and DEX reduced the exudate volume, protein concentration and neutrophils in the pleural cavity. However no synergistic effects were observed when these compounds were tested simultaneously. In contrast, both compounds dose-dependently and synergistically suppressed T-cell proliferation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that FBP may be beneficial as auxiliary drug for the treatment of patients with acquired glucocorticoid resistance.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Research, Hospital São Lucas, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga 6690, 2 andar-Caixa Postal 1429. 90., 610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: R Pestana
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lunardelli
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Preissler
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: J C F
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Alves-Filho
authors.forename: F Bordignon
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.forename: J Rodrigues
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bauer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000494:pharmacology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005635:Fructosediphosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D010998:Pleurisy / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005635:Fructosediphosphates; D003907:Dexamethasone; D002351:Carrageenan; C029063:fructose-1,6-diphosphate