title: Protocol design and current status of CLIVIT: a randomized controlled multicenter relevance trial comparing clips versus ligatures in thyroid surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Annually, more than 90000 surgical procedures of the thyroid gland are performed in Germany. Strategies aimed at reducing the duration of the surgical procedure are relevant to patients and the health care system especially in the context of reducing costs. However, new techniques for quick and safe hemostasis have to be tested in clinically relevance randomized controlled trials before a general recommendation can be given. The current standard for occlusion of blood vessels in thyroid surgery is ligatures. Vascular clips may be a safe alternative but have not been investigated in a large RCT.
  
  
  METHODS
  CLIVIT (Clips versus Ligatures in Thyroid Surgery) is an investigator initiated, multicenter, patient-blinded, two-group parallel relevance randomized controlled trial designed by the Study Center of the German Surgical Society. Patients scheduled for elective resection of at least two third of the gland for benign thyroid disease are eligible for participation. After surgical exploration patients are randomized intraoperatively into either the conventional ligature group, or into the clip group. The primary objective is to test for a relevant reduction in operating time (at least 15 min) when using the clip technique. Since April 2004, 121 of the totally required 420 patients were randomized in five centers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As in all trials the different forms of bias have to be considered, and as in this case, a surgical trial, the role of surgical expertise plays a key role, and will be documented and analyzed separately. This is the first randomized controlled multicenter relevance trial to compare different vessel occlusion techniques in thyroid surgery with adequate power and other detailed information about the design as well as framework. If significant, the results might be generalized and may change the current surgical practice.
authors.affiliation: Study Center of the German Surgical Society (SDGC), University of Heidelberg, Germany. christoph_seiler@med.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Seiler
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Fröhlich
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Veit
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gazyakan
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Wente
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wollermann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deckert
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Witte
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Victor
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Buchler
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Knaebel