title: Is lack of placement of drains after thyroidectomy with central neck dissection safe? A prospective, randomized study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Selective use of drains after thyroidectomy has been suggested in the literature. Although the safety of thyroidectomy without drains has been reviewed, there is little specific data available to identify the safety of thyroidectomy combined with central neck dissection (CND) without drains. This study aims to determine the feasibility and safety of thyroidectomy without drains, especially in cases of combined CND.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ninety-eight consecutive thyroidectomized patients were enrolled in this study. Drain group (n = 101) consisted of 41 hemithyroidectomies (HT), 28 total thyroidectomies (TT), and 32 total TT with CND. No-drain group (n = 97) consisted of 42 HT, 18 TT, and 37 TT with CND. The following variables were examined: perioperative complications (hemorrhage, hematoma, seroma), intraoperative bleeding, operation time, volume of resected thyroid gland, time of hospital discharge after operation, duration of drain placement, and total amount of drainage (drain group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in age, sex, volume of resected thyroid gland, types of operation, operation time, and histopathlologic diagnosis between two groups. In the drain group, overall perioperative complications occurred in seven (7/101, 6.9%) patients. In the no-drain group, overall perioperative complications occurred in nine (10/97, 10.3%) patients. There was no significant difference in overall perioperative complications between the drain and no-drain groups, even in cases of performing CND. Time of hospital discharge after operation was significantly shorter in the no-drain group than the drain group (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that thyroidectomy without drains is safe and effective even in combination with CND and appears to confer several advantages over the routine drainage method. In addition, we achieved significant reduction of hospital stay, which led to a reduction in costs for the patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun Chang
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Yong Man
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jae Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Shi Chan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yoon Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Koh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004322:Drainage / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D037981:Neck Dissection / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013965:Thyroidectomy / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology