title: Adjunctive pharmacologic use in carotid endarterectomy: a review.
abstract: Although carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is now widely accepted as the surgical therapy for carotid stenosis, the role of and indications and evidence for many pharmacologic agents that are used adjunctively in the perioperative setting have not been conclusively established. Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is the pharmaceutical agent that has been studied most extensively in conjunction with CEA; other than aspirin and dextran, the use of many agents before, during, and after CEA has not been standardized. Prospective randomized trials are still needed to demonstrate efficacy, predict outcome, and determine the optimal use of these medications in their adjunctive use during CEA to improve patient care and obtain optimal surgical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gortler
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maloney
authors.forename: Reuben
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rutland
authors.forename: Tormod
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Westvik
authors.forename: Akihito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muto
authors.forename: Fabio A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dardik
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000925:Anticoagulants; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D001241:Aspirin