title: Time- and dose-dependent mitogenic effect of basic fibroblast growth factor combined with different bone graft materials: an in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In periodontal regeneration, the growth factor concentrations and the delivery system used are of great importance. In an attempt to assess the mitogenic effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on periodontal ligament (PDL) cells combined with different bone replacement materials, two allografts of cortical (DFDBA) and cancellous (DFBA) bone and an anorganic bovine material with a synthetic peptide (ABM P-15) were used. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro mitogenic effect of different doses of bFGF alone or in combination with DFDBA, DFBA and ABM P-15 on human PDL cells in a time-dependent mode.
  
  
  METHODS
  PDL cell cultures were derived from the mid-root of four maxillary premolars. Cells were grown and reached confluence. On day 2 of quiescence, new medium was added along with (1) 1, 5, 10 and 25 ng/ml of bFGF alone, (2) 10 mg of DFDBA, DFBA and ABM P-15 alone and (3) their combination. The mitogenic effect was determined at 24 and 48 h of culture by using a hemocytometer chamber. The cells were counted under a phase contrast microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results revealed that bFGF at the highest concentrations and after 48 h exerted a significant mitogenic effect on PDL cells, and also DFDBA and DFBA supported cell proliferation. Furthermore, DFDBA and DFBA enriched with bFGF had a significant mitogenic effect after 48 h of culture. ABM P-15 with 10 and 25 ng/ml of bFGF up-regulated PDL cell proliferation after 48 h of incubation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of this study demonstrate the beneficial role of bFGF combined with DFDBA and DFBA as carriers in periodontal repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Athens, 110 Vas Sofias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece. dereka@otenet.gr
authors.forename: Xanthippi E
authors.initials: XE
authors.lastname: Dereka
authors.forename: Cleopatra E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Markopoulou
authors.forename: Anastasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mamalis
authors.forename: Eudoxie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pepelassi
authors.forename: Ioannis A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Vrotsos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects*; D002452:Cell Count; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008934:Mitogens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D008934:Mitogens; C403137:PepGen P-15; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2