title: Review of the extrinsic stain removal and enamel/dentine abrasion by a calcium carbonate and perlite containing whitening toothpaste.
abstract: There has been an increase in the demand from consumers and patients for products that whiten teeth. To meet this demand, a whitening toothpaste containing calcium carbonate and perlite as the abrasive system and an efficacious fluoride source has recently been launched. The aim of the current paper is to review the toothpaste's stain removal efficacy and its effects on enamel and dentine wear. It has been shown to be effective at removing model extrinsic stain in vitro. Further, it has been shown to be more effective in removing naturally occurring extrinsic tooth stain than a silica non-whitening control toothpaste after two weeks of twice daily brushing in a parallel group, double-blind clinical study using 152 adult volunteers. In addition, the enhanced whitening effect did not give a clinically relevant level of wear to enamel or a significant increase in dentine wear compared to marketed non-whitening toothpaste formulations, as shown by using an in situ type model with ex vivo brushing.
authors.affiliation: Unilever Oral Care, Bebington, Wirral, UK. Andrew.Joiner@Unilever.com
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Joiner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014072:Tooth Abrasion / Q000139:chemically induced; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000379:methods; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014100:Toothpastes; C003076:Perlite; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D000537:Aluminum Oxide