title: Effect of intervention promoting a reduction in antibiotic prescribing by improvement of diagnostic procedures: a prospective, before and after study in general practice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate if an intervention aimed at improving the quality of the diagnostic procedures in Spanish general practice could lower antibiotic prescribing in patients with respiratory tract infections (RTIs).
  
  
  METHODS
  GPs in the intervention group (n=17) registered all patients with RTIs during a 3-week period before and after the intervention. The intervention was aimed at reducing prescribing of inappropriate antibiotics for RTIs by improving the diagnostic procedures and thereby helping the GPs to distinguish between bacterial and viral infections. It consisted of courses in management of RTI according to local clinical guidelines, and included implementation of two rapid diagnostic tests (StrepA and CRP measurement). Diagnoses and prescribing of antibiotics were assessed before and after the intervention, and compared to a control group not exposed to intervention (35 GPs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intervention led to a significant reduction in antibiotic prescribing. Before the intervention 36% (29%-44%) of consultations were followed by antibiotic prescribing, after the intervention 24% (20%-29%). Antibiotic prescribing in the control group not exposed to intervention was 32% (27%-38%). The reduction was most pronounced in patients with sinusitis and lower RTIs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quality improvement of diagnostic procedures may lead to a reduction of antibiotic prescribing in primary health care in Spain.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit for General Practice, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9 A, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark. lbjerrum@health.sdu.dk
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bjerrum
authors.forename: Josep M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cots
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Llor
authors.forename: Núria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Molist
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Munck
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D017723:Drug Utilization Review; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008828:Microbiological Techniques; D008875:Middle Aged; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents