Features of the metabolic syndrome are modulated by an interaction between the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta -87T>C polymorphism and dietary fat in French-Canadians.
OBJECTIVE
We verified whether genetic variants in this gene are associated with the MS and whether dietary fatty acids interact with the -87T>C polymorphism.


METHODS
By direct sequencing, we identified 15 variants in the PPAR-delta gene and analyses were pursued with the -87T>C polymorphism for 340 subjects.


RESULTS
Metabolic variables were comparable among each genotype group. The -87T>C polymorphism, fat intake and the interaction accounted, respectively for 2.2, 1.9 and 1.5% of the variance in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (P<0.05) (age, sex and energy intake were included into the model). The total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio was also modulated by a gene-diet interaction and by the -87T>C polymorphism (P<0.05). No gene-diet interaction effects were observed for other features of the MS. The age- and sex-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of exhibiting three or more features of the MS when carrying the -87C allele was 0.62 (P=0.04) compared to -87T/T. However, in subjects consuming less than 34.4% of energy from fat (median of fat consumption), the OR in carriers of the -87C allele was of 0.42 (P=0.008).


CONCLUSIONS
These data suggest that the PPAR-delta -87T>C polymorphism may be associated with a lower risk to exhibit the MS and this association is influenced by dietary fat intake. The metabolic syndrome (MS) is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPAR-delta), a transcription factor involved in lipid metabolism, is a candidate gene for the MS.
Robitaille
J
J
Lipid Research Center, CHUQ-CHUL Pavilion, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada.
Gaudet
D
D
Pérusse
L
L
Vohl
M-C
MC
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002170:Canada; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000032:analysis; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000208:ethnology; D005838:Genotype; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D047494:PPAR delta / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D047494:PPAR delta