title: Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus among Hajj pilgrims.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage among a cohort of pilgrims during 2004 Hajj season.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pilgrims attending the 2004 Hajj season were recruited and screened for carriage of MRSA. Standard microbiological techniques were used to screen for the presence of MRSA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 411 individuals screened, 85 (20.6%) were positive for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) of which only 6 (1.46 %) were MRSA. Four individuals (4.6%) had the S. aureus organism in both nasal and axillary swabs, while 7 individuals (8%) had the organism in their axillae only. The other 74 individuals (87.1%) had the organism in their nares only. The 6 MRSA isolates were positive for the mecA gene by polymerase chain reaction method. None of the pilgrims examined had any risk factors for community-acquired methicillin resistant S. aureus (CAMRSA). Overall, the prevalence of MRSA in the population of pilgrims examined was found to be low (1.46%) in comparison with most community based studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A low rate of MRSA carriage was noticed among the screened cohort. Physicians treating patients suspected of S. aureus infection during the Hajj pilgrimage should bear in mind the possibility of community acquired - MRSA and should obtain appropriate samples for bacterial cultures and susceptibility testing so that antimicrobial agents could be introduced when necessary at a later stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection Prevention and Control, King Fahad National Guard Hospital, PO Box 22490, Riyadh 11426, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. zmemish@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ziad A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Memish
authors.forename: Hanan H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Balkhy
authors.forename: Maha A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Almuneef
authors.forename: Baraa T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Al-Haj-Hussein
authors.forename: Abdullah I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Bukhari
authors.forename: Abimbola O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Osoba
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007514:Islam; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D016106:Methicillin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014195:Travel