title: Youth tobacco use: a global perspective for child health care clinicians.
abstract: Tobacco dependence, responsible for approximately 4 million annual deaths worldwide, is considered to be a "pediatric disease." The smoking epidemic is spreading rapidly in developing countries. Factors contributing to youth smoking in developing countries include cultural traditions, tobacco's easy accessibility and moderate pricing, peer and family influences, and tobacco companies' advertisements and promotional activities. Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure is a substantial problem that causes increased rates of pneumonia, otitis media, asthma, and other short- and long-term pediatric conditions. Parental tobacco use results in children's deprivation of essential needs such as nutrition and education. In this article we review contemporary evidence with respect to the etiology of nicotine dependence among youth, the forms of youth tobacco products worldwide, global youth tobacco-control efforts to date, medical education efforts, and child health care clinicians' special role in youth tobacco-control strategies. In addition, we provide a review of currently available funding opportunities for development and implementation of youth tobacco-control programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77230-1439, USA. aprokhor@mdanderson.org
authors.forename: Alexander V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Prokhorov
authors.forename: Jonathan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Winickoff
authors.forename: Jasjit S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ahluwalia
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ossip-Klein
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanski
authors.forename: Harry A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Lando
authors.forename: Eric T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Moolchan
authors.forename: Myra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muramoto
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weitzman
authors.forename: Kentya H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Ford
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010819:Physician's Role; D011634:Public Health; D012109:Research Support as Topic; D012907:Smoking; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution