title: Herpes simplex virus type 1 ICP0 localizes in the stromal layer of infected rabbit corneas and resides predominantly in the cytoplasm and/or perinuclear region of rabbit keratocytes.
abstract: Herpes stromal keratitis (HSK) results from the reactivation of herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) in the cornea. The subsequent corneal inflammation and neovascularization may lead to scarring and visual loss. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying HSK remain unknown. The presence of stromal HSV-1 viral proteins or antigens in the HSK cornea remains a subject of debate. It was recently reported that HSV-1 ICP0 rapidly diffuses out of infected rabbit corneas. To investigate further the presence of HSV-1 ICP0 in the infected cornea, particularly in the corneal stroma, ex vivo confocal microscopy was used to scan rabbit corneas infected with the virus ICP0-EYFP, an HSV-1 derivative (strain 17+) that expresses ICP0 fused to the enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP). These results demonstrate that ICP0 is expressed in the corneal epithelium and stromal cells (keratocytes) of infected rabbit corneas throughout acute infection. Furthermore, expression of ICP0-EYFP appears localized to punctate, granular deposits within stromal keratocytes, showing both a cytoplasmic and perinuclear localization. These findings provide new data demonstrating that anterior corneal keratocytes become infected and express ICP0 during acute HSV-1 infection.
authors.affiliation: The Eye Institute, University of California at Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morishige
authors.affiliation: The Eye Institute, University of California at Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
authors.forename: James V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Jester
authors.affiliation: The Eye Institute, University of California at Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.affiliation: The Eye Institute, University of California at Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
authors.forename: Nelson
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Osorio
authors.affiliation: The Eye Institute, University of California at Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wahlert
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68503, USA.
authors.forename: Clinton
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: MRC Virology Unit, Institute of Virology, Church Street, Glasgow G11 5JR, UK.
authors.forename: Roger D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Everett
authors.affiliation: The Eye Institute, University of California at Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wechsler
authors.affiliation: Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.|Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.|Department of Virology, USAMC-AFRIMS, APO, AP 96546, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Guey Chuen
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Perng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003315:Cornea / Q000166:cytology* / Q000821:virology*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000378:metabolism*; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; C051804:Vmw110 protein, Human herpesvirus 1