title: The relationship between Glasgow coma/outcome scores and abnormal CT scan findings in chronic subdural hematoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most frequent types of intracranial hemorrhage. We evaluated the independent association between abnormal CT findings in CSDH and both Glasgow coma score (GCS) on admission as a measure of consciousness and Glasgow outcome score (GOS) at discharge as a measure of outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and sixteen consecutive patients with CSDH were studied. The variables considered were brain atrophy, hydrocephalus, hematoma location, midline shift, and hematoma density. After univariate analysis and evaluation of the role of age as a confounder in bivariate analysis, variables that had significant association with Glasgow scores were included in the final multivariate model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Brain atrophy was the only variable with significant independent association (p<0.001; OR=77.214; 95% CI=8.336-715.212) with unfavorable outcome as defined by GOS. On the other hand, hydrocephalus (p=0.042; OR=6.503; 95% CI=1.072-39.449) and higher hematoma densities (p=0.027; OR=2.597; 95% CI=1.116-6.024) independently and significantly increased the risk of severe consciousness impairment when the group with GCS>12 was considered as the reference category.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brain atrophy independently increases the risk of unfavorable outcome after CSDH. Hydrocephalus and higher hematoma densities independently increase the risk of severe consciousness impairment after CSDH.
authors.affiliation: Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Abbass
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amirjamshidi
authors.forename: Behzad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Eftekhar
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abouzari
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rashidi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001284:Atrophy; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D004322:Drainage; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D023261:Glasgow Outcome Scale; D020200:Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014207:Trephining