title: Antibiotics and steroids for exacerbations of COPD in primary care: compliance with Dutch guidelines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Dutch College of General Practitioners' guidelines specify that antibiotics should only be used for severe cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, GPs tend to administer antibiotics rather than a short course of steroid treatment regardless of severity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine how GPs use current guidelines in treating exacerbations of COPD, in particular whether short courses of oral steroids and antibiotics are prescribed in accordance with the Dutch guidelines for COPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of medical records.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary healthcare centres.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of patients registered at four primary healthcare centres in the Netherlands were retrospectively analysed for the period March 2001-March 2003.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 35,589 patients, 1.3% were registered as having a diagnosis of COPD. In 2 years, 47% of the patients had no exacerbation, 35% had one or two exacerbations, and 18% had three or more exacerbations. Of 536 exacerbations, GPs prescribed a short course of oral steroids in 30% of cases, antibiotics in 29%, steroids combined with an antibiotic in 23%, and no oral steroid course or antibiotic was prescribed in 18%. Prescriptions for patients with three or more exacerbations differed significantly from those for patients with one or two exacerbations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment is often not in accordance with current guidelines; in particular, antibiotics are prescribed more often than recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. i.roede@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: Berendina M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Roede
authors.forename: Patrick Je
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Bindels
authors.forename: Henk J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Brouwer
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bresser
authors.forename: Corianne Ajm
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: de Borgie
authors.forename: Jan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Prins
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003625:Data Collection; D005194:Family Practice / Q000592:standards*; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D009426:Netherlands; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D011364:Professional Practice / Q000592:standards*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013256:Steroids / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D013256:Steroids