title: Regulation of surfactant protein and defensin mRNA expression in cultured ovine type II pneumocytes by all-trans retinoic acid and VEGF.
abstract: Beta-defensins and surfactant proteins are components of the pulmonary innate immune system. Their gene expression is regulated by development, hormones, growth and immunoregulatory factors. It was our hypothesis that growth and differentiation factors such as all-trans retinoic acid (RA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may affect expression of selected innate immune genes by respiratory epithelial cells. Ovine JS7 cells (alveolar type II pneumocytes) were incubated in serum-free Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) complete media that contained: no treatment (negative control), RA (500 nM), or VEGF (100 ng/ml) for 6, 12 or 24 h incubation. Total RNA was isolated, cDNA synthesized, and relative mRNA levels of surfactant protein A (SP-A) and SP-D, and sheep beta-defensin-1 (SBD-1) were determined by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cells had significantly increased expression of SP-D mRNA at 6 h and 24 h, decreased expression of SP-A mRNA at 12 h, and unchanged levels of SBD-1 mRNA after the treatment with RA compared with their respective negative controls. VEGF did not alter the expression of the three innate immune genes. These findings suggest that SP-A and SP-D have different transcription regulation pathways, and that expression of SBD-1 is not inducible by RA similar to its human homolog HBD-1. The lack of changes induced by VEGF treatment suggests that VEGF does not have a direct effect on epithelial cells, but may affect gene expression indirectly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1250, USA. mackerma@iastate.edu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Grubor
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Meyerholz
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lazic
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: DeMacedo
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Derscheid
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hostetter
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gallup
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: DeMartini
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ackermann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D023082:Defensins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D010069:Oxadiazoles / Q000378:metabolism; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012756:Sheep; D034561:Sheep, Domestic; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D023082:Defensins; D010069:Oxadiazoles; D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D014212:Tretinoin; C083020:7-chloro-4-sulfobenzoxadiazole