title: [Spinal regional anesthetic approaches in children: caudal block and spinal anesthesia].
abstract: Caudal anesthesia is a safe, simple and very effective method to provide excellent perioperative analgesia. It is used routineously in pediatric anesthesia and can be applied to nearly all children with surgery below the umbilicus. In contrast, spinal anesthesia is a very special technique for former preterm infants below the 50th postconceptive week who are prone to develop postoperative apnea. It has been suggested that some of the problems associated with general anesthesia in these patients may be avoided by the use of spinal anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und operative Intensivmedizin der Universitätskliniken Münster. reich@anit.uni-muenster.de
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reich
mesh_terms: D000763:Anesthesia, Caudal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control