title: Overprotection and lowered expectations of persons with disabilities: the unforeseen consequences.
abstract: Lowered expectations and overprotection of the individual with a disability can cause lowered self esteem which can result in a life time of underachievement and failure to reach their full potential. Both lowered expectations and overprotection are forms of discrimination. Internalization of discrimination causes the person with a disability to believe that they are less capable than a person without a disability. Parents and care providers of children with disabilities may overprotect the child to shield them from harm; however this can actually cause more damage. Successful parenting skills are required to help children and adolescents develop a positive self concept and high self esteem. Guidelines have been developed to assist parents, educators and other professionals regarding the effects of overprotection and lowered expectations.
authors.affiliation: Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 116 Texas Lane, New Boston, TX 75570, USA. Karen.sanders@dars.state.tx.us
authors.forename: Karen Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Sanders
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001076:Aptitude; D002648:Child; D019988:Children with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D014477:Underachievement