title: Influence of clinical factors on blue-on-yellow perimetry for diabetic patients without retinopathy: comparison with white-on-white perimetry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the influence of clinical factors (duration of diabetes mellitus, fasting blood sugar level, fructosamine concentration, and hemoglobin A1c) on blue-on-yellow (B-on-Y) perimetry compared with white-on-white (W-on-W) perimetry for diabetics without retinopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Both B-on-Y perimetry and W-on-W perimetry were performed for 33 diabetics without retinopathy. Thirty-three subjects with healthy eyes served as age-matched controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For both diabetic patients and controls, mean deviation (MD) and corrected pattern SD of perimetry showed no difference irrespective of B-on-Y or W-on-W perimetry. For diabetics, MD of B-on-Y perimetry decreased in proportion to the morbid period with diabetes mellitus, with the same being true with deterioration of the clinical factors. Multiple regression analysis disclosed no differences in MD of clinical factors for W-on-W perimetry, despite the duration of diabetes mellitus exerting a significant influence on MD of B-on-Y perimetry.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even at the premorbid stage of diabetic retinopathy, longer duration of diabetes mellitus and longer persistence of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus are associated with an insidious progress of dysfunction in the retinal blue cone system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, and the Department of Ophthalmology, Fukui-ken Saiseikai Hospital, Fukui, Japan. k-nitta@fukui.saiseikai.or.jp
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nitta
authors.forename: Yugo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D019270:Fructosamine / Q000097:blood; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017949:Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017299:Rod Opsins / Q000502:physiology*; D058609:Visual Field Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D019270:Fructosamine; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D017299:Rod Opsins; C095853:short-wavelength opsin