title: Meninges control tangential migration of hem-derived Cajal-Retzius cells via CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling.
abstract: Cajal-Retzius cells are critical in the development of the cerebral cortex, but little is known about the mechanisms controlling their development. Three focal sources of Cajal-Retzius cells have been identified in mice-the cortical hem, the ventral pallium and the septum-from where they migrate tangentially to populate the cortical surface. Using a variety of tissue culture assays and in vivo manipulations, we demonstrate that the tangential migration of cortical hem-derived Cajal-Retzius cells is controlled by the meninges. We show that the meningeal membranes are a necessary and sufficient substrate for the tangential migration of Cajal-Retzius cells. We also show that the chemokine CXCL12 secreted by the meninges enhances the dispersion of Cajal-Retzius cells along the cortical surface, while retaining them within the marginal zone in a CXCR4-dependent manner. Thus, the meningeal membranes are fundamental in the development of Cajal-Retzius cells and, hence, in the normal development of the cerebral cortex.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.
authors.forename: Víctor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Borrell
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Marín
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001596:Benzylamines; D064032:Calbindin 2; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology*; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000378:metabolism; D000080027:Cyclams; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000502:physiology; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique / Q000379:methods; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D017403:In Situ Hybridization / Q000379:methods; D007211:Indoles; D007797:Laminin / Q000378:metabolism; D008578:Meninges / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology*; D000091042:Reelin Protein; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G / Q000378:metabolism; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D019737:Transplants
chemical_list: D001596:Benzylamines; D064032:Calbindin 2; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; C515256:Cxcl12 protein, mouse; D000080027:Cyclams; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D007211:Indoles; D007797:Laminin; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D000091042:Reelin Protein; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C007293:DAPI; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C088327:plerixafor