title: Necessary role for the Lag1p motif in (dihydro)ceramide synthase activity.
abstract: Lag1 (longevity assurance gene 1) homologues, a family of transmembrane proteins found in all eukaryotes, have been shown to be necessary for (dihydro)ceramide synthesis. All Lag1 homologues contain a highly conserved stretch of 52 amino acids known as the Lag1p motif. However, the functional significance of the conserved Lag1p motif for (dihydro)ceramide synthesis is currently unknown. In this work, we have investigated the function of the motif by introducing eight point mutations in the Lag1p motif of the mouse LASS1 (longevity assurance homologue 1 of yeast Lag1). The (dihydro)ceramide synthase activity of the mutants was tested using microsomes in HeLa cells and in vitro. Six of the mutations resulted in loss of activity in cells and in vitro. In addition, our results showed that C18:0 fatty acid CoA (but not cis-C18:1 fatty acid CoAs) are substrates for LASS1 and that LASS1 in HeLa cells is sensitive to fumonisin B1, an in vitro inhibitor of (dihydro)ceramide synthase. Moreover, we mutated the Lag1p motif of another Lag homologue, human LASS5. The amino acid substitutions in the human LASS5 were the same as in mouse LASS1, and had the same effect on the in vitro activity of LASS5, suggesting the Lag1p motif appears to be essential for the enzyme activity of all Lag1 homologues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA.
authors.forename: Stefka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spassieva
authors.forename: Jae-Gu
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bielawski
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Vasquez
authors.forename: S Michal
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Jazwinski
authors.forename: Yusuf A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Hannun
authors.forename: Lina M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Obeid
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002518:Ceramides / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008861:Microsomes / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D051049:Sphingosine N-Acyltransferase; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D002518:Ceramides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010710:Phosphates; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C473786:dihydroceramide synthase; C493790:CERS1 protein, human; C505722:CERS5 protein, human; D051049:Sphingosine N-Acyltransferase