title: Frailty.
abstract: Frailty is a common condition in older people. It now can be objectively defined by the Fried criteria. When recognized, early intervention should begin with the institution of endurance, resistance, and balance exercises. In men with testosterone deficiency a trial of testosterone replacement should be considered. Vitamin D deficiency needs to be recognized and treated. Appropriate treatment of underlying diseases, such as anemia, diabetes mellitus, and congestive heart failure, are a key management principle. In people who have frailty aggressive health promotion and disease prevention techniques can lead to an inhibition of the downward spiral to disability.
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Boulevard, M238, MO 63104, USA. morley@slu.edu
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Morley
authors.forename: Matthew T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Haren
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rolland
authors.forename: Moon Jong
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015984:Causality; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000145:classification* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015897:Comorbidity; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013739:Testosterone / Q000172:deficiency; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D006133:Growth Substances; D013739:Testosterone