title: Treatment of metastatic sarcoma to the liver with bland embolization.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors evaluated the impact of bland particle embolization on survival in patients with metastatic sarcoma to the liver.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four patients with liver-dominant metastases from sarcoma were treated with particle embolization from 1996 to 2002. Primary tumors included 16 gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), 7 intestinal leiomyosarcomas, and 1 liposarcoma. Thirteen patients had known extrahepatic disease. Embolization was performed by using polyvinyl alcohol or trisacryl microspheres to effect stasis in the target vessel(s). Follow-up images to assess response were obtained 4 weeks after the procedure. Decrease in the size of the target lesion by >25% or development of >50% necrosis on follow-up imaging was considered a treatment response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen patients had metachronous liver metastases, and the median disease-free interval was 22 months (range 10-156 months) from resection of the primary tumor. Ten patients underwent prior liver resection for metastatic disease. Of 15 evaluable patients, 9 patients (60%) had a radiographic response. The median follow-up for all patients was 21 months. The median follow-up for surviving patients was 59 months. Overall survival from the time of initial embolization was 62% at 1 year, 41% at 2 years, and 29% at 3 years. Patients who had radiographic evidence of response survived significantly longer than patients who did not respond (63 months vs. 19 months; P < .007). Patients with GIST survived significantly longer than patients with visceral leiomyosarcoma (median, 36 months vs. 18 months; P < .03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bland embolization was efficacious in some patients with metastatic sarcoma to the liver. Radiographic evidence of response was correlated with improved survival. This regional therapy may enter the treatment algorithm for patients who have unresectable disease or disease that has failed conventional therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Mary A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Maluccio
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Covey
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.forename: Lynn A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Brody
authors.forename: Constantinos T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Sofocleous
authors.forename: George I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Getrajdman
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: DeMatteo
authors.forename: Karen T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001549:Benzamides; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D010879:Piperazines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol