[Nutrition in pregnant women: a study of dietary habits in two base health areas].
OBJECTIVE
To analyse the dietary habits of pregnant women in two base Health areas and to propose modifications in any damaging patterns found.


METHODS
A descriptive study of a crossover type using weekly dietary questionnaires on food consumption and a 24-hour record.


METHODS
Almanjayar and Cartuja Health Centres in Granada.


METHODS
Pregnant women being monitored at the Health Centres who were chosen by randomized sampling (N = 52).


RESULTS
We studied the following variables: total energy consumption; intake of carbohydrates, lipides, proteins, fibre, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe and hydrosoluble and liposoluble vitamins. Average energy consumption was 2516 Kcal per day, although 14.46% of the pregnant women consumed less than 2200 Kcal and in 9.6% average consumption was below 1800 Kcal per day. The energy percentages of total consumption are excessive in the case of proteins (21%), lightly increased in Carbohydrates (51.8%) and acceptable in Lipides (27.2%). In the following there were notable intake deficiencies: Ca (69%), Fe (38.4%), Mg (53.8%), Vit D (49.7%), Folic Acid (81%) and Fibre (33%). On the question of how often food was consumed, we should note the scant consumption of vegetables and alcohol and excessive consumption of refined Carbohydrates.


CONCLUSIONS
There are no big nutritional imbalances. The following are necessary: to maintain energy intake between 2200 and 2600 Kcal per day; to find a new equilibrium between animal and vegetable protein consumption, to diminish the intake of complex and refined Carbohydrates and to increase the intake of Fe, Ca, Folic acid and Vitamin D.
Constan
E
E
Centros de Salud de Almanjayar y de Cartuja, Unidad Docente de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria Granada Norte.
Cortés
F
F
de la Revilla
E
E
Fernández
G
G
Martín
M
M
Prados
M A
MA
D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D039401:Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D013030:Spain