title: "Reverse" dual-plane mammaplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors present a new type of dual-plane mammaplasty and preliminary results obtained with it. The technique is aimed at improving the final natural appearance of breasts without adding additional risks of dislocation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The eligibility criteria specified patients with sufficient breast tissue to disguise the implant, patients with asymmetric hypoplasia, and patients with an intense workout activity. The exclusion criteria specified patients with very little breasts. The technique is based on combined subglandular positioning in the superior part of the breast and retrofascial-precostal positioning in the inferior part.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Beginning in January 2000, 57 patients were recruited. No postoperative bleedings, hematomas, or seromas were observed. In 93% of cases, good final shapes were obtained. After 1 year of follow-up evaluation, no displacement, asymmetry, or rupture was recorded. Only three patients (5.3%) showed mild monolateral capsular contractures (Baker II type), which resolved using capsulotomy without prostheses removal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  "Reverse" dual-plane mammaplasty is a new technique that gives a good anatomic final appearance with no risk of displacement. The low risk of complications renders it feasible and safe for aesthetic breast augmentation. Further studies are necessary to compare this technique with retroglandular and retropectoral approaches.
authors.affiliation: Burn Center, S. Eugenio Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gravante
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marianetti
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Delogu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018427:Breast Implants; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000379:methods*; D042361:Mammary Glands, Human / Q000601:surgery; D010369:Pectoralis Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011475:Prosthesis Failure