title: Role of RNA structure and RNA binding activity of foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C protein in VPg uridylylation and virus replication.
abstract: The uridylylation of the VPg peptide primer is the first stage in the replication of picornavirus RNA. This process can be achieved in vitro using purified components, including 3B (VPg) with the RNA dependent RNA polymerase (3Dpol), the precursor 3CD, and an RNA template containing the cre/bus. We show that certain RNA sequences within the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 5' untranslated region but outside of the cre/bus can enhance VPg uridylylation activity. Furthermore, we have shown that the FMDV 3C protein alone can substitute for 3CD, albeit less efficiently. In addition, the VPg precursors, 3B(3)3C and 3B(123)3C, can function as substrates for uridylylation in the absence of added 3C or 3CD. Residues within the FMDV 3C protein involved in interaction with the cre/bus RNA have been identified and are located on the face of the protein opposite from the catalytic site. These residues within 3C are also essential for VPg uridylylation activity and efficient virus replication.
authors.affiliation: BBSRC Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Arabinda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.forename: Ian G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Goodfellow
authors.forename: Kathryn E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Woolaway
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Birtley
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Curry
authors.forename: Graham J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Belsham
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002460:Cell Line; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D006224:Cricetinae; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D011485:Protein Binding; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000378:metabolism; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014529:Uridine / Q000378:metabolism*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D011498:Protein Precursors; D012367:RNA, Viral; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014529:Uridine