title: The effect of chelerythrine on cell growth, apoptosis, and cell cycle in human normal and cancer cells in comparison with sanguinarine.
abstract: We compared the effects of chelerythrine (CHE) and sanguinarine (SA) on human prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP and DU-145) and primary culture of human gingival fibroblasts. CHE and SA treatment of cell lines for 24 h resulted in (1) inhibition of cell viability in a dose-dependent manner in all tested cells (as evaluated by MTT test and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay); (2) dose-dependent increase in DNA damage in all tested cells (as evaluated by DNA comet assay); (3) changes in apoptosis (assessed by western blot analysis and TUNEL assay); and (4) significant induction of cyclin kinase inhibitors p21(Waf1/Cip1) and p27(Kip1) in prostate cancer cells (identified by western blot analysis). Our study demonstrates that CHE had significant cytotoxic effect, independent of p53 and androgen status, on human prostate cancer cell lines. Normal gingival fibroblasts and DU-145 cells were more sensitive to the treatment with both alkaloids than were LNCaP cells. CHE and SA may be prospective natural molecules for use in the treatment of prostate cancer owing to their involvement in apoptosis and cell cycle regulation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University, Hnevotínská 3, 77515, Olomouc, Czech Republic. malikova.j@seznam.cz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Malíková
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zdarilová
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hlobilková
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ulrichová
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053119:Benzophenanthridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000378:metabolism; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005562:Formazans / Q000378:metabolism; D005881:Gingiva / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D053119:Benzophenanthridines; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D005562:Formazans; D007546:Isoquinolines; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; C079782:MTT formazan; C005705:sanguinarine; C016299:chelerythrine; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine