title: The iodinated radiographic contrast medium iohexol mimics the vasodilator effect seen with small increases in extracellular K+ in the isolated rabbit central ear artery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether iodinated radiographic contrast media (IRCM) mimic the hyperpolarizing and vasodilator effects of K+ by comparing the vasodilator effect of a transient rise in extracellular K+ with that of the IRCM iohexol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immersed rabbit central ear arterial rings with and without endothelium and pre-contracted with phenylephrine (PE) were used to investigate the dependency of the endothelium in K+-induced vasodilatation. Perfused rabbit central ear arteries, pre-contracted with PE, were used to study the effects of bolus administrations of the IRCM iohexol or KCl on arterial tone under conditions that mimic those employed during clinical arteriography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A small rise in K+ caused an endothelium-independent and ouabain-sensitive relaxation of PE-constricted rabbit central ear artery rings. The relaxation was not changed in the presence of barium. The IRCM iohexol and KCl, injected as boluses into perfused PE-constricted rabbit ear arteries, caused transient decreases in perfusion pressure. Iohexol- and K+-induced pressure decreases were significantly reduced in the presence of 10 microM ouabain alone or in combination with 30 microM barium. Neither iohexol- nor K+-induced pressure decrease was significantly changed in the presence of barium alone compared to controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The vasodilator effect of IRCM mimics the vasodilator effect seen upon small increase in extracellular K+. Under the experimental conditions employed in the present study, a considerable part of the IRCM-induced vasodilatation appears to be due to activation of Na+/K+-ATPase in the smooth muscle cells.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frønes
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Støen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gregersen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Refsum
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krane
authors.forename: J O G
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Karlsson
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001466:Barium Sulfate; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004423:Ear / Q000098:blood supply*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007472:Iohexol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010042:Ouabain; D010656:Phenylephrine; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood*; D011817:Rabbits; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D010656:Phenylephrine; D001466:Barium Sulfate; D007472:Iohexol; D010042:Ouabain; D011188:Potassium