title: Evaluation and optimization of radioprotective activity of Coronopus didymus Linn. in gamma-irradiated mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and optimize the radioprotective ability of the most potent fraction of an aqueous extract of Coronopus didymus in whole body gamma-irradiated Swiss albino mice and to evaluate the antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation of the livers of the surviving mice. To correlate the free radical scavenging studies with in vivo radioprotection ability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Swiss albino mice were treated with either vehicle or the different doses of extract/fraction suspension by an i.p. route, 30 min before exposure to 10 Gy gamma-irradiation and the animals were monitored twice daily for any signs of radiation toxicity and mortality. Radiation dose response (7-11 Gy), optimization of route, time of drug administration and evaluation of dose response factor (DRF) at the best dose of the fraction was studied. Endogenous antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation of the livers of the mice surviving on the 31st day was evaluated by using spectrophotometric methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most active free radical scavenging fraction (CDF1) as assessed by competition kinetic studies using pulse radiolysis showed maximum in vivo radioprotection of 70% at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight (bw) compared to corresponding 10 Gy irradiated control. Optimum radioprotection was observed upon i.p. administration, 30 min prior to 10 Gy irradiation and DRF at a dose of 400 mg/kg bw for 30 day survival was found to be 1.07. The levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in the CDF1 treated surviving mice were found to reverse back to their normal levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The optimum dose, time and route of drug administration for maximum radioprotection by CDF1 were determined. The reversal of the levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation indicates reduced oxidative stress in CDF1 treated surviving mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, India.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Prabhakar
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Veerapur
authors.forename: K Vipan
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Parihar
authors.forename: K I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Priyadarsini
authors.forename: B S S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Unnikrishnan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005720:Gamma Rays / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents