title: Free radical production and quenching in honeys with wound healing potential.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Honey-impregnated wound dressings are now available on drug tariff in the UK, though the modes of action of honeys with antibacterial and wound healing properties are not entirely clear. The action of some but not all of these honeys is linked to the production of hydrogen peroxide on dilution of the honey with wound exudate. The present study investigates both free radical production and the antioxidant potential of some honeys, properties which may have a role to play in wound healing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Free radical production and quenching of three honey types (manuka, antibacterial but non-peroxide-producing; pasture, antibacterial peroxide-producing; commercial heat processed, non-antibacterial) was investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy; quenching was also examined using a superoxide quenching assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All honeys tested had antioxidant potential, with manuka able to completely quench added radicals within 5 min of spiking. Only the peroxide-producing honey (pasture PS9) was found to form radicals on dilution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ability to modulate production and quenching of free radicals may contribute to the demonstrated ability of some honeys to help in resolving the state of inflammation typifying chronic wounds.
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Sciences, University of Wales Institute Cardiff Llandaf Campus, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Henriques
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Rose
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Burton
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D006722:Honey / Q000145:classification; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D031649:Leptospermum / Q000737:chemistry*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005609:Free Radicals; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide