title: Molecular phylogeny supports a Northern Hemisphere origin of Golovinomyces (Ascomycota: Erysiphales).
abstract: Golovinomyces is a strictly herb-parasitic genus in the Erysiphaceae. Host-parasite co-speciation was reported recently between the genus Golovinomyces and Asteraceae from molecular phylogenetic analyses. The Asteraceae originated in South America and latterly expanded their geographic distribution into the Northern Hemisphere. If the co-speciation between Golovinomyces and Asteraceae originated in South America, the geographic origin of Golovinomyces could be assumed to be South America. To address this question, Golovinomyces species from hosts of the tribe Mutisieae, an asteraceous tribe endemic to South America, were collected and the ITS and 28S rDNA regions sequenced. Results indicate that Oidium mutisiae and Golovinomyces leuceriae isolated from the Mutisieae do not belong at the base of the Golovinomyces tree. Instead, they are situated separately within two different clades of Golovinomyces isolates from the Northern Hemisphere. Therefore, the tribe Mutisieae is not the most early host of Golovinomyces. Present results suggest that Golovinomyces originated in the Northern Hemisphere, and not in South America. The new species Oidium reginae for the previous O. mutisiae on Mutisia decurrens is proposed.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurima-Machiya, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan. takamatu@bio.mie-u.ac.jp <takamatu@bio.mie-u.ac.jp>
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takamatsu
authors.forename: Sanae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Seiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niinomi
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Havrylenko
mesh_terms: D001118:Argentina; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000032:analysis; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D007564:Japan; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S