title: Validation of hysteroscopic view in cases of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To validate hysteroscopic view with histology in cases of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) DESIGN: Retrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-3).
  
  
  METHODS
  University teaching hospitals in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, and private office in Rio de Janeiro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four thousand and fifty-four patients with AUB in whom hysteroscopic views were complete and the histologic result was conclusive.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four thousand and fifty-four office hysteroscopies with complete views and conclusive histologic results. The material for histologic examination was obtained through biopsy of the lesion in an outpatient unit or through the resection of the entire lesion in patients who underwent surgery. Histology was considered the "gold standard" and compared with the hysteroscopic view.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the histology of the 4054 examinations, 613 (15.2%) were endometrial hyperplasia, and 105 (2.6%) were endometrial cancer. The most frequent hysteroscopic finding was endometrial polyps (31.2%). In endometrial hyperplasia, the sensitivity of the hysteroscopic view was 56.3% (95% CI 52.2%-60.2%), specificity was 89.1% (95% CI 88.0%-90.1%), positive predictive value (PPV) was 48.0% (95% CI 44.3%-51.7%), negative predictive value (NPV) was 92.0% (95% CI 90.1%-92.9%), and accuracy was 72.7% (95% CI 70.7%-74.7%). Accuracy was defined as the proportion of correct results among the hysteroscopic examinations. In endometrial cancer, the sensitivity of the hysteroscopic view was 80.0% (95% CI 71.1%-87.2%), specificity was 99.5% (95% CI 99.2%-99.7%), PPV was 81.5% (95% CI 72.7%-88.5%), NPV was 99.5% (95% CI 99.2%-99.7%), and accuracy was 89.8% (95% CI, 85.9%-93.6%). In the 814 patients (20.0%) in whom the hysteroscopic view was normal, there were no false negatives for endometrial cancer; however, there were 37 (4.5%) false negatives for endometrial hyperplasia. In the histologic cases of endometrial cancer, 101 (96.2%) hysteroscopic views were compatible with cancer or hyperplasia (80.0% and 16.2%, respectively). Ninety-seven out of 103 hysteroscopic views with cancer findings (94.2%) had histologic diagnosis of cancer or hyperplasia (81.5% and 12.6%, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It seems that even in face of good validity of hysteroscopic view for endometrial hyperplasia and cancer, histologic study is mandatory in the presence of any lesion as the hysteroscopic view cannot completely replace the histologic study in patients with AUB.
authors.affiliation: Gynecological Endoscopy Sector, Botucatu School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil. ricardo@lasmar.com.br
authors.forename: Ricardo Bassil
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Lasmar
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto Mussel
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Barrozo
authors.forename: Marco Aurélio Pinho
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Evandro Silva Freire
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Coutinho
authors.forename: Rogério
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dias
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004714:Endometrial Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*