title: Effects of baseline serum levels of Se on markers of eccentric exercise-induced muscle injury.
abstract: Inflammation and oxidative stress have been implicated in the mechanism of eccentric exercise-induced muscle injury. This study examined whether baseline serum levels of selenium (Se), a trace element that participates in both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory systems, affects the overall response to injury. Thirteen males performed 36 maximal eccentric actions with the elbow flexors of the non-dominant arm on a motorized dynamometer. Venous blood samples were collected immediately before and after exercise at 2, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Established indicators of muscle damage such as maximum isometric torque (MIT), range of motion (ROM), relaxed arm angle (RANG), flexed arm angle (FANG), arm circumference (CIRC), muscle soreness and serum levels of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined at the same time points. Baseline serum levels of Se were also measured. Complementary data regarding assessment of Se status were retrieved by the use of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. All measures changed significantly (p<0.05) after exercise. The main finding of this study was that baseline Se serum levels were associated inversely with CK, LDH and FANG and positively with MIT and ROM (p<0.05). These data suggest that beyond overt Se deficiency, suboptimal Se status possibly worsens muscle functional decrements subsequent to eccentric muscle contractions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Science of Nutrition - Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou str. 176 71, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Milias
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nomikos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fragopoulou
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Athanasopoulos
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Antonopoulou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D001132:Arm; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D015930:Diet Records; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D053581:Muscle Strength Dynamometer; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000293:injuries*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D012643:Selenium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D013997:Time Factors; D019415:Torque
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D012643:Selenium