title: Rehabilitation of adaptive immunity and regeneration of beta cells.
abstract: Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease resulting from the destruction of pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells that most frequently occurs in genetically predisposed children. Recent observations illustrating the regenerative capability of the endocrine pancreas in addition to advances in stem cell and gene therapy technologies enable the exploration of alternatives to allogeneic islet transplantation. Living-cell-mediated approaches can abrogate autoimmunity and the consequent destruction of beta cells without the need for immunosuppressive drugs. Such approaches can be used as a foundation for new protocols that more easily translate to the clinical setting. The twin goals of controlling autoimmune disease and promoting stable regeneration of insulin-producing beta cells should be considered the cornerstones of the successful development of a cure for this chronic disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Pediatrics, Rangos Research Center, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pasquali
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trucco
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ringquist
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000637:transplantation; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007110:Immunity, Active; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000637:transplantation; D008958:Models, Molecular; D012038:Regeneration
chemical_list: D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens