Glycosylation in cellular mechanisms of health and disease.
Glycosylation produces an abundant, diverse, and highly regulated repertoire of cellular glycans that are frequently attached to proteins and lipids. The past decade of research on glycan function has revealed that the enzymes responsible for glycosylation-the glycosyltransferases and glycosidases-are essential in the development and physiology of living organisms. Glycans participate in many key biological processes including cell adhesion, molecular trafficking and clearance, receptor activation, signal transduction, and endocytosis. This review discusses the increasingly sophisticated molecular mechanisms being discovered by which mammalian glycosylation governs physiology and contributes to disease.
Ohtsubo
Kazuaki
K
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive-MC0625, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Marth
Jamey D
JD
D000818:Animals; D004705:Endocytosis; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D006031:Glycosylation; D016695:Glycosyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D037102:Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D016464:Lysosomal Storage Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D021381:Protein Transport; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
D006023:Glycoproteins; D037102:Lectins; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D016695:Glycosyltransferases; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases