title: A nanofluidic railroad switch for DNA.
abstract: We present a metamaterial consisting of a two-dimensional, asymmetric lattice of crossed nanochannels in fused silica, with channel diameters of 80 nm to 140 nm. When DNA is introduced, it is stretched and linearized. We show that the asymmetry in channel dimensions gives rise to a preferred direction for DNA orientation and a preferred direction for transport under dc electrophoresis. Interestingly, the preferred axis of orientation and transport can be switched by 90 degrees through application of an ac voltage. We explain the results in terms of an energy landscape for polyelectrolytes that consists of entropic and dielectrophoretic contributions and whose strength and sign can be tuned by changing the ac field strength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA. rriehn@princeton.edu
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Riehn
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Austin
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Sturm
mesh_terms: D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000379:methods*; D044085:Microfluidics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D009038:Motion; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation / Q000528:radiation effects*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D004247:DNA