title: Usefulness of crush smears intraoperative consultaion of neurological biopsis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate accuracy of intraoperative crush smears diagnosis of neurosurgical biopsies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, from February 2002 to February 2003.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred, neurosurgical biopsies were received for intraoperative consultation over a period of one year. Clinical information regarding age, gender, history, and CT scan or MRI findings were recorded. Crush smears were prepared, fixed in 95% alcohol and stained with rapid haemotoxylin and eosin (H&E) stains. Diagnosis was categorized into inflammatory, benign and malignant tumours. Remaining tissue was fixed overnight in 10% formalin for histological sections. Permanent H&E sections were used as the gold standard. The average time required for intraoperative cytological diagnosis was 8 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 100 neurosurgical biopsies, crush smears of 94 were considered suitable for interpretation. There were 8 inflammatory, 41 benign and 41 malignant tumours, including 4 inconclusive. Eightyfour of the crush smears diagnosis agreed with the histological diagnosis. Overall diagnostic accuracy of crush smears was 93.3%. Diagnosis of inflammatory, benign and malignant tumours showed specificity of 98.7%, 96% and 94%, and a sensitivity of 70%, 97.5% and 95% respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Crush smears are useful in the intraoperative diagnosis of space occupying lesions of central nervous system. The crush smears cytology was found highly reliable, rapid and inexpensive mode of intraoperative diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, Armed Forces Institutes of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi.
authors.forename: Imtiaz Ahmad
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: Shahid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jamal
authors.forename: Nadira
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mamoon
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luqman
authors.forename: Muhammad Ashraf
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sharif
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results