title: Selecting indicators for patient safety at the health system level in OECD countries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Concerns about patient safety have arisen with growing documentation of the extent and nature of harm. Yet there are no robust and meaningful data that can be used internationally to assess the extent of the problem and considerable methodological difficulties.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This article describes a project undertaken as part of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Quality Indicator Project, which aimed at developing an initial set of patient safety indicators.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient safety indicators from OECD countries were identified and then rated against three principal criteria: importance to patient safety, scientific soundness, and potential feasibility. Although some countries are developing multi-source monitoring systems, these are not yet mature enough for international exchange. This project reviewed routine data collections as a starting point.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of an initial set of 59 candidate indicators identified, 21 were selected which cover known areas of harm to patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This project is an important initial step towards defining a usable set of patient safety indicators that will allow comparisons to be made internationally and will support mutual learning and quality improvement in health care. Measures of harm should be complemented over time with measures of effective improvement factors.
authors.affiliation: Health Foundation, London, UK. vin.mcloughlin@health.org.uk
authors.forename: Vivienne
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: McLoughlin
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Millar
authors.forename: Soeren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mattke
authors.forename: Margarida
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franca
authors.forename: Pia Maria
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Jonsson
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Somekh
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bates
mesh_terms: D019985:Benchmarking; D032921:Consensus; D003245:Consensus Statements as Topic; D019049:Developed Countries; D006761:Hospitals / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007390:International Agencies; D007391:International Cooperation; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000145:classification / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015279:Organizational Culture; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care / Q000145:classification; D012308:Risk Management; D017751:Safety Management / Q000592:standards*