title: Has the rolling uterus finally gathered moss? Somatization and malingering of cognitive deficit in six cases of "toxic mold" exposure.
abstract: This article reports six cases of litigants claiming neuropsychiatric impairment due to toxic mold exposure. In spite of recent growth in personal injury claims due to mold, numerous reviews of the literature have failed to find an association between environmental exposure to mold and neuropsychiatric and/or neuropsychological damage. We report data on six patients claiming harm, 4 of whom revealed a long history of somatization by history and psychological testing, and 2 of whom were shown to be malingering based on multiple indicators of non-credible performance. Of the 6 patients, only the 2 somatoform patients who were also depressed showed credible evidence of neuropsychological dysfunction. We review two other studies that have examined the link between mold exposure and cognitive impairment and discuss their limitations in view of the presenting behaviors of these 6 patients. Until the literature has established a credible link between mold and neuropsychiatric/neuropsychological impairment, jurists and clinicians must consider the ethics and potential harm of exposing somatoform patients to multiple unwarranted medical evaluations. Principles for forensic evaluations in this special population are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Institute, Torrance, CA 90509, USA. dcstone@ucla.edu
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Kyle B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Boone
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Back-Madruga
authors.forename: Ira M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Lesser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008306:Malingering / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology