title: Total continence reconstruction: a comparison to staged reconstruction of neuropathic bowel and bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Surgical treatment for neuropathic bowel and bladder has become an essential tool in maximizing the quality of life in patients with myelomeningocele. We present our results comparing results in patients who underwent total continence reconstruction of the urinary and gastrointestinal tracts to patients who underwent a separate or single operation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients with myelomeningocele at our institution who underwent reconstruction with a cutaneous catheterizable urinary channel or Malone antegrade continence enema. We compared outcomes with regard to surgical revisions of the channel between patients who underwent the construction of each simultaneously, that is total continence reconstruction, to outcomes in those with a single channel or who underwent reconstruction at 2 or more operations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most of our patients underwent genitourinary and gastrointestinal reconstruction, and few desired surgical intervention for only a single system. We were unable to find any differences in the continence rate or stomal complications. However, patients who underwent staged reconstruction usually had significant secondary reasons for repeat surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical success for urinary and fecal continence can be safely and effectively achieved through single or multiple procedures. However, because of shared pathophysiology, we believe that most patients benefit from intervention in the gastrointestinal and the genitourinary tract. Therefore, a major advantage of total continence reconstruction is avoidance of the morbidity of a second major surgical procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Urology, James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, 702 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Casale
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Metcalfe
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kaefer
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dussinger
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Meldrum
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cain
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Rink
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008591:Meningomyelocele / Q000150:complications*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D016476:Urinary Reservoirs, Continent; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*