title: Longitudinal anthropometric changes in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although morphologic abnormalities are common among HIV-infected persons receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), longitudinal comparative body shape changes among HAART-treated HIV-infected men versus HIV-seronegative men of similar age remain unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Since September 1999, men enrolled in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study underwent body mass index (BMI) and circumference measurements of the waist, hip, thigh, and arm at each semiannual visit. Changes in these measurements that occurred between 1999 and 2003 among HIV-infected men were compared with measurements of HIV-seronegative men using linear mixed effects regression models. The HIV-infected men were further stratified by treatment group (no antiretroviral therapy [ART], monotherapy or combination [mono/combo] ART, or HAART). Analyses were adjusted for age, nadir CD4 cell count, and BMI (for circumference measurements).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over the 4-year observation period, mean BMI increased significantly among the 392 HIV-seronegative men (0.12 kg/m/y; P < 0.001) but did not change in the 3 HIV-infected groups (combined n = 661). Mean waist and hip circumferences increased significantly in all groups. Hip circumferences increased more slowly in the HIV-positive HAART-treated group (n = 488) than in the HIV-seronegative group (0.18 vs. 0.49 cm/y; P < 0.001), however, yielding a more rapid increase in the waist/hip ratio in the HIV-positive, HAART-treated group over time (0.005 per year; P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increased rate of change in waist/hip ratio in HIV-infected men receiving HAART compared with HIV-seronegative men is attributable to slower increases in hip circumference rather than an increased rate of change in waist circumference. These findings underscore the importance of body fat composition changes in the peripheral compartment relative to the central compartment among HIV-infected men receiving HAART.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. tbrown27@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Zhaojie
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Haitao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Haito
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Frank J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Palella
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kingsley
authors.forename: Mallory D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Witt
authors.forename: Adrian S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Dobs
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D006615:Hip / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents