title: Retroviral vector production using suspension-adapted 293GPG cells in a 3L acoustic filter-based perfusion bioreactor.
abstract: Recombinant retroviruses are now an established tool for gene delivery. Presently they are mainly produced using adherent cells. However, due to the restrictive nature of adherent cell culture, this mode of production is hampered by low cell-specific productivity and small production units. The large-scale production of retroviral vectors could benefit from the adaptation of retrovirus packaging cell lines to suspension culture. Here, we describe the ability of a 293 packaging cell line to produce retroviral vectors in suspension culture at high titer. Adherent 293GPG cells, producing a Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus (MoMLV) retrovirus vector pseudotyped with the vesicular stomatitis virus G (VSVG) envelope protein and expressing a TK-GFP fusion protein, were adapted to suspension culture in calcium-free DMEM. At a cell density similar to adherent cell culture, the suspension culture produced retroviral vector consistently in the range of 1 x 10(7) infectious viral particles/mL (IVP/mL), with a specific productivity threefold higher than adherent culture. Furthermore, at the same medium replacement frequency, the suspension producer cells could be cultured at higher density than their adherent counterparts, which resulted in virus titer of 3-4 x 10(7) IVP/mL at 11.0 x 10(6) cells/mL. This corresponds to a 10-fold increase in viral concentration compared to adherent cells. The capacity to up scale the retroviral vector production was also demonstrated by performing a 2 VVD perfusion culture for 9 days in a 3L Chemap bioreactor. The combination of suspension and perfusion led to a 20-fold increase in maximum virus productivity compared to the adherent culture.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4P 2R2.
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ghani
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garnier
authors.forename: Helene
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Transfiguracion
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Trudel
authors.forename: Amine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamen
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000821:virology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002452:Cell Count; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002460:Cell Line / Q000821:virology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000378:metabolism; D005374:Filtration; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008979:Moloney murine leukemia virus / Q000235:genetics; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000254:growth & development; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000235:genetics; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins