title: Lobular capillary hemangioma of the nasal cavity: A retrospective study on 40 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nasal lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH) is a benign lesion of unknown etiology that must be included in the differential diagnosis of vascular lesions. Based on a large cohort of LCH patients, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical presentation, histological and radiological findings, and the treatment strategy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical records of 40 patients affected by LCH, treated in a 20-year period at two university hospitals, were reviewed. Data concerning symptoms, possible etiologic factors, endoscopic findings, imaging studies, and treatment were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Previous nasal trauma and pregnancy were identified as possible causes in six (15%) and two (5%) patients, respectively. The main symptoms were unilateral epistaxis (95%) and nasal obstruction (35%). Lesions ranged in size from 1 to 8 cm and mainly involved the nasal septum (45%) and the nasal vestibule (17.5%). In the four (10%) patients with a large lesion, radiological evaluation was helpful not only in assessing the extent, but also in suggesting the possible nature of the lesion. All patients underwent endoscopic resection under local (72.5%) or general (27.5%) anesthesia. At mean follow-up time of 53 months, no recurrence has been observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest series of patients with nasal LCH. When the mass is considerable in size, differentiation from other hypervascularized lesions may be intriguing. Under these circumstances, information obtained with imaging may sometimes suggest a correct diagnosis without resorting to biopsy. Endoscopic surgery is the treatment of choice even for large lesions, that do not require preoperative embolization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences and Organ Transplantations, Section of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Puxeddu
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berlucchi
authors.forename: Gian Peppino
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Ledda
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Parodo
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Farina
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nicolai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D017789:Granuloma, Pyogenic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D009668:Nose Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed