DSD-1-Proteoglycan/Phosphacan and receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase-beta isoforms during development and regeneration of neural tissues.
Interactions between neurons and glial cells play important roles in regulating key events of development and regeneration of the CNS. Thus, migrating neurons are partly guided by radial glia to their target, and glial scaffolds direct the growth and directional choice of advancing axons, e.g., at the midline. In the adult, reactive astrocytes and myelin components play a pivotal role in the inhibition of regeneration. The past years have shown that astrocytic functions are mediated on the molecular level by extracellular matrix components, which include various glycoproteins and proteoglycans. One important, developmentally regulated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan is DSD-1-PG/phosphacan, a glial derived proteoglycan which represents a splice variant of the receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (RPTP)-beta (also known as PTP-zeta). Current evidence suggests that this proteoglycan influences axon growth in development and regeneration, displaying inhibitory or stimulatory effects dependent on the mode of presentation, and the neuronal lineage. These effects seem to be mediated by neuronal receptors of the Ig-CAM superfamily.
Faissner
Andreas
A
Department of Cell Morphology and Molecular Neurobiology, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany.
Heck
Nicolas
N
Dobbertin
Alexandre
A
Garwood
Jeremy
J
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054633:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism
D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; C118982:DSD-1-proteoglycan; D008024:Ligands; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; C516895:PTPRZ1 protein, human; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D054633:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5