title: The use of single walled carbon nanotubes dispersed in a chitosan matrix for preparation of a galactose biosensor.
abstract: Chitosan was chosen as a natural polymer for dispersion of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) based on its ability to efficiently solubilize SWNTs to form a stable dispersion. Moreover, chitosan films deposited on a surface of a glassy carbon (GC) electrode are mechanically stable. Further stabilisation of the chitosan film containing SWNT (CHIT-SWNT) was done by chemical crosslinking with glutaraldehyde and free aldehyde groups produced a substrate used for covalent immobilisation of galactose oxidase (GalOD). Different galactose biosensor configurations were tested with optimisation of composition of inner and outer membrane; and enzyme immobilisation procedure, as well. Detection of oxygen uptake by GalOD on CHIT-SWNT layer at -400 mV is robust and, when flow injection analysis (FIA) was applied for assays, a low detection limit (25 microM) and very high assay throughput rate (150 h-1) was achieved. This new galactose biosensor offers highly reliable detection of galactose with R.S.D. well below 2% and it has been successfully applied to assaying galactose in a blood sample with recovery index between 101.2 and 102.7%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden. jantkac@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tkac
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Whittaker
authors.forename: Tautgirdas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ruzgas
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002138:Calibration; D048271:Chitosan; D005690:Galactose / Q000032:analysis*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D048271:Chitosan; D005690:Galactose