title: [Hemoglobin level and anemia in children in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil: association with socioeconomic and food consumption factors].
abstract: This study aimed to assess hemoglobin level and anemia prevalence and their association with food-consumption and socioeconomic variables. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, in 1997, using three-stage sampling which included 746 6-to-59-month-old children. Hemoglobin testing and a 24-hour food recall interview were performed. The anemia rate was 40.6% and was higher in the rural area and inversely proportional to age, income, and maternal schooling. Most children (88.9%) consumed cow's milk. Anemia was associated directly with the proportion of calories from cow's milk and indirectly with the iron level. Child's age, geographic area, per capita family income, maternal schooling, iron density (total, heme, and non-heme), and the proportion of calories from cow's milk in the diet were determinants for anemia.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil. alicemcz@superig.com.br
authors.forename: Maria Alice Araújo
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Mônica Maria
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Osório
authors.forename: Maria Cristina Falcão
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Raposo
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015995:Prevalence; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D019266:Iron, Dietary