title: Hospital-based violence intervention programs work.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hospital-based violence prevention programs have emerged at trauma centers nationwide; however, none has been thoroughly evaluated for effectiveness. Our Violence Intervention Program (VIP) conducted a prospective randomized control study to evaluate the effectiveness of intervention for repeat victims of violence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients admitted between 1999 and 2001 for treatment of injuries inflicted by a violent act were identified. Repeat victims of violence on parole/probation were invited to join the study. Participants were given a history-gathering questionnaire and randomized into two groups. Cases (intervention [n = 56]) received intensive psychosocial follow-up services, family or group therapy, and assisted with substance abuse treatment. Controls (nonintervention [n = 44]) received standard medical treatment and follow-through in accordance with standard parole or probation procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in the number of arrests in the two groups. The control group was three times more likely to be arrested for a violent crime, two times more likely to be convicted of any crime, and four times more likely to be convicted of a violent crime. The projected time of incarceration is significantly longer for the control group. Repeat violent criminal activity was significantly more evident in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant differences exist between the VIP intervention and nonintervention groups in terms of the quantity and severity of criminal activity.
authors.affiliation: R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA. ccooper@umm.edu
authors.forename: Carnell
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Dawn M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Eslinger
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Stolley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015142:Baltimore; D003376:Counseling; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010361:Patients; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012050:Rehabilitation, Vocational; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014193:Trauma Centers; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014754:Violence / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000209:etiology*