title: Regulation of cytosolic PlA2 activity by PP1/PP2A serine/threonine phosphatases in human platelets.
abstract: Platelet thromboxane A2 (TXA2) synthesis is an important pathway of platelet reactivity. We report that in thrombin-stimulated platelets, PP1/PP2A serine/threonine phosphatases regulate phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) activity, which is required for TXA2 synthesis. Two mechanisms are involved: (a) constitutively active PP1/PP2A regulate cPLA2 phosphorylation, and (b) PP1/PP2A activity mediates agonist-induced increase in cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i). Inhibition of PP1/PP2A with okadaic acid (OA) induces cPLA2 phosphorylation but reduces Ca2+ responses: release from intracellular stores and influx through the plasma membrane, particularly that mediated by store-mediated Ca2+ entry (SMCE). A significant correlation (r = 0.64) exists between OA-regulated [Ca2+]i and TXA2 synthesis. Okadaic acid-induced decrease in SMCE and the associated TXA2 synthesis are mediated by a reduction in protein-tyrosine phosphorylation. This reduction is not due to inhibition of tyrosine kinases but rather to an OA-mediated increase in tyrosine phosphatases. This is the first study to report that PP1/PP2A phosphatases are involved in the regulation of the two key elements in eicosanoid synthesis, [Ca2+]i and cPLA2 phosphorylation. Moreover, PP1/PP2A regulation of [Ca2+]i and tyrosine phosphorylation may be important for other calcium-dependent processes and/or signal transduction mechanisms in platelets.
authors.affiliation: Research Center, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moscardó
authors.forename: Juana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vallés
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piñón
authors.forename: Justo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aznar
authors.forename: Vicenta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martínez-Sales
authors.forename: María-Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000201:enzymology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D054513:Group IV Phospholipases A2; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D019319:Okadaic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000378:metabolism*; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000502:physiology; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019319:Okadaic Acid; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054513:Group IV Phospholipases A2; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D002118:Calcium