title: Cytokine production profile of splenocytes derived from zymosan A-treated SKG mice developing arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  SKG mice have a point mutation of the zeta-associated protein of 70 kD (ZAP-70) and spontaneously develop a severe polyarthritis in the conventional condition, whereas they are healthy under the specific pathogen free (SPF) condition. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytokine production from splenocytes in SKG mice developing arthritis under the SPF condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  SKG and BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with zymosan A under the SPF condition. Spleen was isolated 1, 2 or 8 weeks after the intraperitoneal injection of saline or zymosan A. Splenocytes were cultured with concanavalin A. Cytokine production and proliferation were measured 48 and 72 h after the culture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An intraperitoneal injection of zymosan A induced severe polyarthritis with increased levels of rheumatoid factor and interleukin 6 (IL-6) only in SKG mice. Splenocytes from SKG mice did not proliferate well maybe because of less productivity of IL-2. The IL-4 production from splenocytes of SKG mice was higher, while interferon-gamma production was lower than those of BALB/c mice. An injection of zymosan A reduced the IL-4 production only in SKG mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SKG mice do not develop arthritis under the SPF condition possibly because of a low proliferative activity of T cells and Th2-predominance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Allergy, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Shizuoka-ken, 411-8731, Japan. katsuya.kobayashi@kyowa.co.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nan-Ya
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Miki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001168:Arthritis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000473:pathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013045:Species Specificity; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D015054:Zymosan / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015850:Interleukin-6; D015847:Interleukin-4; D015054:Zymosan