title: Maximal mechanical power during a taper in elite swimmers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Insight regarding the fluctuations in neuromuscular function among athletes during a taper is lacking.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the time course of changes in maximal mechanical power (Pmax), torque at power maximum (T), velocity at power maximum (V), and swim performance (m x s(-1)) that occur during the taper.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using an arm ergometer with inertial loading, measurements were made during the week prior to the initiation of the taper (high volume, HV), during the 2- to 3-wk period of the taper (taper), and during the week of peak competition (peak) in 24 male competitive collegiate swimmers. Subjects were divided into groups that tapered to peak performance at either the conference (CONF, N = 13) or national (NAT, N = 11) championship competitions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CONF increased Pmax 10.2% (P < 0.01) and swim performance 4.4% (P < 0.001). NAT increased Pmax by 11.6% (P < 0.01), T by 7.4% (P < 0.02), and swim performance by 4.7% (P < 0.001). Pmax displayed a biphasic increase with approximately 50, 5, and 45% of the total increase occurring during the first, second, and third weeks of the taper, respectively. The biphasic response was the most common response among individual swimmers. Swimming performance was significantly correlated to both power and torque (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, maximal arm power measured using inertial load ergometry increased largely during the first and third weeks after training volume was tapered for peak performance in elite collegiate swimmers.
authors.affiliation: Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
authors.forename: Joel D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Trinity
authors.forename: Matthew D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Pahnke
authors.forename: Edwin C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Reese
authors.forename: Edward F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Coyle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016552:Ergometry / Q000379:methods*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*; D019415:Torque