title: Involvement of calpains in growth factor-mediated migration.
abstract: Previous research in our laboratory has already shown the importance of the role played by ubiquitous calpains during myoblast migration. The aim of this study was to investigate calpain expression during myoblast migration and, to enhance this phenomenon via calpain stimulation. Ubiquitous calpains are members of a large family of calcium-dependent cysteine proteases. They play an important role in numerous biological and pathological phenomena, such as signal transduction, apoptosis, cell-cycle regulation, cell spreading, adhesion, invasion, myogenesis, and motility. Myoblast migration is a crucial step in myogenesis, as it is necessary for myoblast alignment and fusion to form myotubes. This study started by examining changes in calpain expression during migration, then investigated the possibility of activating myoblast migration via the stimulation of calpain expression and/or activity. The migration rate of myoblasts overexpressing mu- or milli-calpain was quantified. The results showed that calpain overexpression dramatically inhibited myoblast migration. Growth-factor treatments were then used to enhance myoblast migration. The results showed that treatment with IGF-1, TGF-beta1, or insulin induced a major increase in migration and caused a significant increase in m-calpain expression and activity. The increase in migration was totally inhibited by adding calpeptin, a calpain-specific inhibitor. These findings suggest that milli-calpain is involved in growth factor-mediated migration.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Biosciences de l'Aliment, Université Bordeaux 1, ISTAB USC-INRA 2009, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France. ludovic.leloup@etu.u-bordeaux.fr
authors.forename: Ludovic
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leloup
authors.forename: Germain
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mazères
authors.forename: Laetitia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Daury
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cottin
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Brustis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002154:Calpain / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D002364:Caseins / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D022502:Stress Fibers / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D002364:Caseins; D004151:Dipeptides; D006133:Growth Substances; D007328:Insulin; C071482:calpeptin; C033668:calpastatin; D002154:Calpain; C449000:m-calpain; C449002:mu-calpain