title: Grey matter correlates of minor physical anomalies in the AeSOP first-episode psychosis study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Minor physical anomalies are more prevalent among people with psychosis. This supports a neurodevelopmental aetiology for psychotic disorders, since these anomalies and the brain are both ectodermally derived. However, little is understood about the brain regions implicated in this association.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relationship between minor physical anomalies and grey matter structure in a sample of patients with first-episode psychosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients underwent assessment of minor physical anomalies with the Lane scale. High-resolution magnetic resonance images and voxel-based methods of image analysis were used to investigate brain structure in these patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total anomalies score was associated with a grey matter reduction in the prefrontal cortex and precuneus and with a grey matter excess in the basal ganglia, thalamus and lingual gyrus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minor physical anomalies in a sample of patients with first-episode psychosis are associated with regional grey matter changes. These regional changes may be important in the pathogenesis of psychotic disorder.
authors.affiliation: Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London SE5 8AF, UK, and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia. k.dean@iop.kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fearon
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hutchinson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Orr
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chitnis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suckling
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mallet
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leff
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dazzan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D004476:Ectodermal Dysplasia / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000473:pathology*; D012044:Regression Analysis