title: Potentiation of porcine circovirus 2-induced postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome by porcine parvovirus is associated with excessive production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
abstract: This study investigated the potentiation of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2)-induced postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome by porcine parvovirus (PPV) and found it was associated with excessive production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Colostrum-deprived conventional pigs were inoculated intranasally with PCV2 or PPV alone or in combination (PCV2 and PPV). In vitro assay of TNF-alpha, obtained from alveolar macrophages coinfected with PCV2 and PPV, showed a significant increase in TNF-alpha compared to single infection of macrophages with either PCV2 or PPV alone (P < 0.05). All pigs inoculated with PCV2 and PPV developed severe postweaning wasting syndrome, whereas clinical signs (e.g., weight loss) were present but perhaps less severe in either PCV2- or PPV-inoculated pigs. Compared to the pigs inoculated with PCV2 or PPV alone, pigs inoculated dually with PCV2 and PPV showed significantly (P < 0.05) increased levels of TNF-alpha. Levels of TNF-alpha in the sera were reversely correlated with the body weight in pigs experimentally infected with dual inoculation of PCV2 and PPV (r(s) = -0.92, P < 0.001). These data suggest that a potentiation of PPV in PCV2-induced PMWS is associated with the excessive production of TNF-alpha.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Kwanak-Gu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chae
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D018173:Circoviridae Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D017925:Circovirus / Q000502:physiology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000821:virology; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D028323:Parvovirus, Porcine / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D019282:Wasting Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha