title: Should service user involvement be consigned to history? A critical realist perspective.
abstract: Service user involvement in the UK healthcare agenda is now widely expected. Historically, service user groups have been increasingly successful in their demands for greater involvement. Hierarchies of involvement exist that include consultation and partnership working. Psychiatry is an archetypal arena in terms of power and control. The traditional view of interpreting the place of service users within this arena is that the service user is at the bottom of this hierarchy; involvement allows transcendence of the power hierarchy. Critical realist theory is offered as an alternative approach to understanding these complex relationships. It is argued that contemporary models of involvement perpetuate and sustain the power positions of the dominant discourse within psychiatry. It is suggested that a critical realism perspective, offers a model that does not kowtow to the dominant discourse but rather recognizes that service users now possess power, especially in terms of being able to provide services that statutory services providers now require. Is it time for service users to call the tune, and, in doing so, establish a power position outside the traditional hierarchy of power?
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Nottingham, Mapperley, Nottingham, UK. Theo.Stickley@nottingham.ac.uk
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stickley
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D005544:Forecasting; D005610:Freedom; D006291:Health Policy / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D019359:Knowledge; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000639:trends*; D016294:Models, Nursing; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D026706:Paternalism; D010344:Patient Advocacy; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology* / Q000639:trends*; D010686:Philosophy, Medical; D010687:Philosophy, Nursing; D011057:Politics; D011209:Power, Psychological; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000639:trends; D012660:Semantics; D012930:Social Dominance; D012942:Social Sciences; D013222:State Medicine / Q000639:trends*; D006113:United Kingdom