title: TNM staging of foregut (neuro)endocrine tumors: a consensus proposal including a grading system.
abstract: The need for standards in the management of patients with endocrine tumors of the digestive system prompted the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) to organize a first Consensus Conference, which was held in Frascati (Rome) and was based on the recently published ENETS guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of digestive neuroendocrine tumors (NET). Here, we report the tumor-node-metastasis proposal for foregut NETs of the stomach, duodenum, and pancreas that was designed, discussed, and consensually approved at this conference. In addition, we report the proposal for a working formulation for the grading of digestive NETs based on mitotic count and Ki-67 index. This proposal, which needs to be validated, is meant to help clinicians in the stratification, treatment, and follow-up of patients.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Patologia e, Medicina di Laboratorio, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Università di Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43100, Parma, Italy, and Department of Internal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK. guido.rindi@unipr.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rindi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Klöppel
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alhman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caplin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Couvelard
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: de Herder
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Erikssson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Falchetti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Falconi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Komminoth
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Körner
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: A-M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: McNicol
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perren
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scarpa
authors.forename: J-Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Scoazec
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wiedenmann
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D004067:Digestive System Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D008940:Mitotic Index; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor