title: Immunosuppressive preconditioning or induction regimens : evidence to date.
abstract: The success of solid organ transplantation has been directly related to the development of immunosuppressive drug therapies. Preconditioning or induction therapy was developed to reduce early immunological and nonimmunological renal injury, with the goal of increasing long-term graft survival. However, the routine induction of immunological tolerance to solid organ allograft is currently not achievable because of the morbidity and mortality related to the immunosuppressive regimens themselves. The different therapeutic preconditioning or induction agents and their associated effects on cellular rejection, graft survival outcomes and the need for multiagent post-transplant maintenance therapy are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. tanhp@upmc.edu
authors.forename: Henkie P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Marc C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Smaldone
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shapiro
mesh_terms: D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016853:Muromonab-CD3 / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011182:Postoperative Care; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014181:Transplantation Immunology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016853:Muromonab-CD3