title: Genetic structure of Africanized honeybee populations (Apis mellifera L.) from Brazil and Uruguay viewed through mitochondrial DNA COI-COII patterns.
abstract: Mitochondrial genotypes of Africanized honeybees from Brazil and Uruguay were surveyed by DraI restriction of the COI-COII region. Eleven mitotypes were found, three of which had not previously been described (A28-A30). Out of 775 samples (725 from Brazil, 50 from Uruguay), 197 were A1 and 520 were A4. A1 frequency increases toward the north of Brazil, whereas A4 frequency increases toward the south, a pattern echoing the African distribution. The origin of the A4 and most of the A1 African patterns can be attributed to the introduction of Apis mellifera scutellata into Brazil in 1956. The A29 and A30 patterns have the P1 sequence observed in many Iberian Peninsula samples, which represent the traces of the introductions into Brazil and Uruguay by settlers.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Collet
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.forename: A E E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Del Lama
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001516:Bees / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D001938:Brazil; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics*; D051456:Gene Flow; D005828:Genetics, Population; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D014583:Uruguay
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV