title: Identification and characterization of antioxidants from Sophora flavescens.
abstract: The objectives of this study were to investigate the radical-scavenging activity and protective potential of Sophora flavescens from oxidative damage by the radical generator 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AAPH) in renal epithelial LLC-PK(1) cells and to identify the active components using the bioassay-linked fractionation method. The MeOH extract and fractions of CH(2)Cl(2), BuOH, and H(2)O from S. flavescens showed 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging effects in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01),whereas only the BuOH and CH(2)Cl(2) fractions showed protective effects against LLC-PK(1) cellular damage induced by AAPH in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01). In particular, the BuOH fraction had the most effective (p<0.05) antioxidative capacity. Employing a bioassay-linked HPLC/MS method, the active constituents from the BuOH fraction of S. flavescens were isolated and characterized as sophoraflavanone G and kurarinone with potent antioxidant effects against the DPPH radical, with IC(50) values of 5.26 and 7.73 microg/ml, respectively. Moreover, the compounds dose dependently recovered cell viability decreased by AAPH treatment (p<0.01), suggesting their protective roles against cellular oxidative damage. The results of this study suggest that S. flavescens has excellent antioxidative and kidney-protective potential and that flavonoids from S. flavescens, i.e., sophoraflavanone G and kurarinone, are the active constituents.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiang-Lan
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.forename: Xiang Shu
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.forename: Sung Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeong Hill
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hyun Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Shao-Qing
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000578:Amidines / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D044950:Flavanones / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D018374:LLC-PK1 Cells; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029909:Sophora / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000578:Amidines; D000975:Antioxidants; D044950:Flavanones; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; C411319:kurarinone; C046728:2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane); C064849:vexibinol