title: ExsY and CotY are required for the correct assembly of the exosporium and spore coat of Bacillus cereus.
abstract: The exosporium-defective phenotype of a transposon insertion mutant of Bacillus cereus implicated ExsY, a homologue of B. subtilis cysteine-rich spore coat proteins CotY and CotZ, in assembly of an intact exosporium. Single and double mutants of B. cereus lacking ExsY and its paralogue, CotY, were constructed. The exsY mutant spores are not surrounded by an intact exosporium, though they often carry attached exosporium fragments. In contrast, the cotY mutant spores have an intact exosporium, although its overall shape is altered. The single mutants show altered, but different, spore coat properties. The exsY mutant spore coat is permeable to lysozyme, whereas the cotY mutant spores are less resistant to several organic solvents than is the case for the wild type. The exsY cotY double-mutant spores lack exosporium and have very thin coats that are permeable to lysozyme and are sensitive to chloroform, toluene, and phenol. These spore coat as well as exosporium defects suggest that ExsY and CotY are important to correct formation of both the exosporium and the spore coat in B. cereus. Both ExsY and CotY proteins were detected in Western blots of purified wild-type exosporium, in complexes of high molecular weight, and as monomers. Both exsY and cotY genes are expressed at late stages of sporulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Matt J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Sarah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Todd
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Shepherd
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sylvestre
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moir
mesh_terms: D001409:Bacillus cereus / Q000502:physiology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins