title: Increased tumor growth in mice with diet-induced obesity: impact of ovarian hormones.
abstract: Obesity increases the risk of many cancers in both males and females. This study describes a link between obesity, obesity-associated metabolic alterations, and the risk of developing cancer in male and female mice. The goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between gender and obesity and to determine the role of estrogen status in obese females and its effect on tumor growth. We examined the susceptibility of C57BL/6 mice to diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance/glucose intolerance, and tumors. Mice were injected sc with one of two tumorigenic cell lines, Lewis lung carcinoma, or mouse colon 38-adenocarcinoma. Results show that tumor growth rate was increased in obese mice vs. control mice irrespective of the tumor cell type. To investigate the effect of estrogen status on tumor development in obese females, we compared metabolic parameters and tumor growth in ovariectomized (ovx) and intact obese female mice. Obese ovx female mice developed insulin resistance and glucose intolerance similar to that observed in obese males. Our results demonstrate that body adiposity increased in ovx females irrespective of the diet administered and that tumor growth correlated positively with body adiposity. Overall, these data point to more rapid tumor growth in obese mice and suggest that endogenous sex steroids, together with diet, affect adiposity, insulin sensitivity, and tumor growth in female mice.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. shoshana.yakar@mssm.edu
authors.forename: Shoshana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yakar
authors.forename: Nomeli P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Nunez
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pennisi
authors.forename: Pnina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brodt
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fallavollita
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scavo
authors.forename: Ruslan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Novosyadlyy
authors.forename: Naamit
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kurshan
authors.forename: Bethel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stannard
authors.forename: Joyce
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: East-Palmer
authors.forename: Nicole C P
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Susan N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Perkins
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fuchs-Young
authors.forename: J Carl
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Hursting
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: LeRoith
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D042341:Gonadal Hormones / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008820:Mice, Obese; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology*; D010053:Ovary / Q000502:physiology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014410:Tumor Stem Cell Assay; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D042341:Gonadal Hormones