title: Ethanol beverages containing polyphenols decrease nuclear factor kappa-B activation in mononuclear cells and circulating MCP-1 concentrations in healthy volunteers during a fat-enriched diet.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Different epidemiological studies have demonstrated that some ethanol containing beverages intake could be associated with a reduction of cardiovascular mortality, effect attributed in part to its antioxidant properties. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) is a redox sensitive transcription factor implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We have examined the effect of four different ethanol containing beverages on the activation of NF-kappaB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and circulating concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in healthy volunteers receiving a fat-enriched diet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen volunteers received 16 g/m(2) of ethanol in form of red wine, spirits (vodka, rum, and brandy) or no ethanol intake along with a fat-enriched diet during 5 days and all of them took all alcohols at different periods. NF-kappaB activation (electrophoretic mobility shift assay) and circulating MCP-1 levels (ELISA) were examined in blood samples taken before and after 5 days of ethanol intake. Subjects receiving a fat-enriched diet had increased NF-kappaB activation in PBMC at day 5. Furthermore, MCP-1 levels were increased in plasma at day 5. Red wine intake and some ethanol beverages containing polyphenols (brandy and rum) prevented NF-kappaB activation and decreased MCP-1 release.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consumption of moderate amounts of alcoholic drinks containing polyphenols decreases NF-kappaB activation in PBMCs and MCP-1 plasma levels during a fat-enriched diet. Our results provide additional evidence of the anti-inflammatory effects of some ethanol containing beverages, further supporting the idea that its moderate consumption may help to reduce overall cardiovascular mortality.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autónoma University, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis Miguel
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Blanco-Colio
authors.forename: Begoña
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Muñoz-García
authors.forename: Jose Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Martín-Ventura
authors.forename: Luis Antonio
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Sala
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castilla
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bustamante
authors.forename: Rosa María
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lamuela-Raventós
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gómez-Gerique
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernández-Cruz
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Millán
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Egido
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005419:Flavonoids; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols