title: Mass screening for prostate cancer in patients with end-stage renal disease: a comparative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the usefulness of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), as although serum PSA is effective in the early detection of this cancer in the general population, there are few reports of its utility in patients with ESRD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were obtained for PSA screening from April 2002 to September 2003; 1250 men with ESRD aged >50 years were compared with 1007 healthy control men aged >55 years, all in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. All men with a serum PSA level of >4.0 ng/mL were categorized as PSA-positive and were further assessed, including a prostate biopsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a statistically significantly greater increase in PSA level with age in the ESRD group than in the healthy controls. The rate of cancer detection among men with a PSA level of >10 ng/mL was significantly higher in patients with ESRD than in healthy controls. Thirteen patients with ESRD and five healthy control men were finally diagnosed with prostate cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The serum PSA level was slightly higher and the incidence of prostate cancer at higher PSA levels appeared to be greater in men with ESRD than in healthy controls. The findings of this large study suggest that PSA screening is useful for the diagnosis of prostate cancer in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan. pullpullachan326@bridge.ocn.ne.jp
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Juro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.forename: Yoshiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Shoichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ueda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen