title: Cardiac output measurements in off-pump coronary surgery: comparison between NICO and the Swan-Ganz catheter.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this prospective study was to compare continuous cardiac output measurements of the non-invasive cardiac output system (NICO) with the pulmonary artery catheter during off-pump coronary bypass surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two patients enrolled for off-pump coronary surgery received both a pulmonary artery catheter and a non-invasive cardiac output system for measurement of cardiac output. Data were compared by the Bland-Altman method to calculate the degree of agreement and to analyse if a significant difference existed between the two methods of cardiac output measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Perioperatively, the non-invasive cardiac output underestimated cardiac output, but postoperatively overestimated it. The limits of agreement were larger during surgery compared to the postoperative period (-3.1; +2.5 vs. -1.4; +2.2 L min(-1)). Perioperatively, cardiac output measured with the pulmonary artery catheter varied from 0.5 to 7.5 L min(-1) (mean 3.6 L min(-1)) and with the non-invasive cardiac output from 0.5 to 8.4 L min(-1) (mean 3.9 L min(-1)). Postoperatively, these were 2.5-7.7 L min(-1) (mean 4.5 L min(-1)) and 2.3-8.4 L min(-1) (mean 4.9 L min(-1)), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During off-pump cardiac surgery, the non-invasive cardiac output reliably measures cardiac output and does it more rapidly than a pulmonary artery catheter and may be more useful in order to detect rapid haemodynamic changes.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Brest, France. gildas.gueret@chu-brest.fr
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gueret
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rossignol
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bezon
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Wargnier
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miossec
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Corre
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Arvieux
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology*; D002407:Catheterization, Swan-Ganz / Q000295:instrumentation*; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump / Q000379:methods*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011446:Prospective Studies