title: Is there a place for local anesthetics structurally different from classical amid or ester local anesthetics?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this review is to describe the pharmacology, toxicology and chemistry of the new group of local anesthetics of phenylcarbamic acid type.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Basic esters of alkoxy-substituted phenylcarbamic acid have shown high local anesthetic potency, while maintaining a relatively safe toxicity profile. Their potency uniquely increases with the decreasing pH of the external medium. This is of importance when using local anesthesics in inflamed tissues, where the action of common local anesthetics is often problematic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most potent phenylcarbamic anesthetics exceed the potency of the most common clinically used local anesthetics 100-300 times. Due to the unique pH dependency of these local anesthetics, further study of their action is required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia. vegh@fpharm.uniba.sk
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vegh
authors.forename: Jozef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cizmarik
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hahnenkamp
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002219:Carbamates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004952:Esters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D015394:Molecular Structure; D048448:Phenylcarbamates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002219:Carbamates; D004952:Esters; D048448:Phenylcarbamates; D010880:Piperidines; C013549:heptacaine; C010618:pentacaine; C046030:carbizocaine