title: A comparison of cytology and fluorescence in situ hybridization for the detection of lung cancer in bronchoscopic specimens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relative sensitivity and specificity of cytology and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the detection of lung cancer in bronchoscopically obtained specimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cytology and FISH were performed on brushing and washing specimens obtained from patients undergoing bronchoscopy for suspected lung cancer. FISH utilized the LAVysion probe set (Abbott Molecular; Des Plaines, IL), which contains locus-specific probes to 5p15, 7p12 (EGFR), 8q24 (C-MYC), and a centromeric probe to chromosome 6.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single-center, academic, tertiary medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty-seven patients referred for bronchoscopy for suspicion of lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cytology and FISH were performed on bronchoscopic brushings and washings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred thirty-seven patients undergoing bronchoscopy had pathology, FISH, and cytology results. FISH and cytology were performed on 123 washing and 78 brushing specimens. Sensitivities of FISH and cytology were 71% and 51% (p = 0.007), respectively, for brushing specimens, and 49% and 44% (p = 0.541) for washing specimens. When FISH and cytology results were combined, sensitivities were 75% and 61%, respectively, for brushing and washing specimens, which was significantly better (p < 0.001) than cytology alone. Specificities of FISH and cytology for patients with negative findings at the time of initial bronchoscopy were 83% and 100% (p = 0.125), respectively, for brushing specimens, and 95% and 100% (p = 0.500) for washing specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings show that FISH is significantly more sensitive than conventional cytology for detecting lung cancer in bronchial brushing specimens; when combined with cytology, FISH can improve the diagnostic sensitivity of detecting malignancy in bronchial brushing and washing specimens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. halling.kevin@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Kevin C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Halling
authors.forename: Otis B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Rickman
authors.forename: Benjamin R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Kipp
authors.forename: Aaron R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Harwood
authors.forename: Clinton H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Doerr
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jett
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001980:Bronchi / Q000473:pathology*; D018893:Bronchoalveolar Lavage; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D003581:Cytodiagnosis / Q000379:methods; D015342:DNA Probes; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015342:DNA Probes; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm