title: High operative risk of cool-tip radiofrequency ablation for unresectable pancreatic head cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report and discuss the effect, complications and mortality of cool-tip radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for unresectable pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  During October 2003 to July 2004, sixteen patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer were treated by open cool-tip RFA. One-half of the 16 patients had tumors located in the pancreatic head. A 5-mm minimum safe distance between RFA site and major peripancreatic vessels was kept to avoid injury to the vessels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six of twelve patients with back pain got pain relief postoperatively. Pancreatic fistula occurred in three patients (18.8%) and healed smoothly in 7-10 days with routine abdominal drainage. The mortality was 25% (4/16). In the four death cases, tumors were all located in the pancreatic head; three patients with tumor close to portal vein died suddenly of massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage on the 4th, 30th, 40th postoperative day respectively and a 79-year-old patient died of acute renal failure on the 2nd postoperative day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Standard use of cool-tip RFA was dangerous for pancreatic head cancer close to portal vein, in which a 5-mm minimum safe distance between RFA site and major peripancreatic vessels might not be enough to avoid injury to the vessels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, P. R. China. wuyulian@medmail.com.cn
authors.forename: Yulian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Heqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Shunliang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Haichao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001416:Back Pain / Q000209:etiology; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010185:Pancreatic Fistula / Q000209:etiology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality*; D012306:Risk