title: Detection of seroconversion to West Nile virus, Usutu virus and Sindbis virus in UK sentinel chickens.
abstract: We previously reported evidence of West Nile virus (WNV) circulation in UK birds, probably introduced by migratory birds from overseas. We now demonstrate WNV-specific seroconversion in sentinel chickens raised on an English farm. Maternal neutralizing antibodies to WNV in hatchlings declined within three weeks. During the following months, healthy chickens developed WNV neutralizing antibodies that were confirmed by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence tests using WNV antigens. The proportion of seropositive chickens was higher for WNV than for Usutu virus or Sindbis virus. Attempts to isolate infectious virus or to detect viral RNA in the sera, failed.
authors.affiliation: CEH Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK. abuck@ceh.ac.uk
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buckley
authors.forename: Alistair
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Ernest A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Gould
mesh_terms: D018354:Alphavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002645:Chickens; D018349:Encephalitis Viruses, Japanese / Q000276:immunology*; D018177:Flavivirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012845:Sindbis Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral