title: Orofacial muscle pain: new advances in concept and therapy.
abstract: This manuscript focuses on chronic myogenous pains affecting the masticatory muscles. The differentiation of myogenous masticatory pain into subcategories is proposed by separating myogenous pains according to their location and anatomic extent. Focal myalgia, regional myalgia, myofascial pain, and fibromyalgia are classified based on specific historical and clinical examination criteria. The probable mechanisms underlying chronic myogenous pains and trigger points phenomena are discussed. Treatment options of the myogenous masticatory pain conditions including physical medicine modalities, as well as several types of pharmacologic agents, are presented.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Dentistry Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine Center, Division of Diagnostic Sciences University of Southern California, School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90089, USA.
authors.forename: Ana Cristina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Lotaif
authors.forename: Somsak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitrirattanakul
authors.forename: Glenn T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Clark
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008410:Masticatory Muscles / Q000098:blood supply; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy