Initiatives of 11 rural Appalachian cancer coalitions in Pennsylvania and New York.
BACKGROUND
Local coalitions combine the knowledge, expertise, and resources of many individuals and organizations to improve community health. This article describes data from 11 rural cancer coalitions in Pennsylvania and New York collected through a model-based data system.


METHODS
The coalition data collection system was adapted from a conceptual model designed to monitor the activities and impact of cardiovascular disease coalitions. Community Coalition Action Theory was used during implementation and validation of the data system. Primary components of the data system were organizational capacity, process, and outcome/impact.


RESULTS
From 2002 to 2004, the 11 coalitions conducted 1369 initiatives, including 1147 (83.8%) interventions and 222 (16.2%) development activities. Among interventions, 776 (56.7%) were outreach only, 158 (11.5%) education only, 117 (8.5%) outreach and education, and 96 (7.0%) screening. Differences in the distribution of initiatives by coalition, cancer site, and target audience were statistically significant (P < .05). The majority of interventions focused on colorectal (37.0%) and breast (32.9%) cancer. Target groups included women (71.3%), rural residents (32.6%), survivors (21.8%), and low-income (21.8%) individuals. Although not statistically significant, an observed 3-year trend was shown for decreased outreach interventions and increased education and screening interventions. In total, 1951 of 3981 individuals who were offered a cancer screening (49%) completed screening, and 15 sustainable community changes were documented.


CONCLUSIONS
This study reports the initiatives and impact of 11 rural community cancer coalitions over a 3-year period. This study estimates the mix of development activities and community interventions, against which this coalition network and others may be compared.
Kluhsman
Brenda C
BC
Department of Health Evaluation Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pa 17033, USA.
Bencivenga
Marcyann
M
Ward
Ann J
AJ
Lehman
Erik
E
Lengerich
Eugene J
EJ
D001061:Appalachian Region; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D018672:Community Health Planning / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D006265:Health Care Coalitions / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D017146:Models, Organizational; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009518:New York; D010414:Pennsylvania; D012423:Rural Health; D012424:Rural Population