Phytophthora genome sequences uncover evolutionary origins and mechanisms of pathogenesis.
Draft genome sequences have been determined for the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae and the sudden oak death pathogen Phytophthora ramorum. Oömycetes such as these Phytophthora species share the kingdom Stramenopila with photosynthetic algae such as diatoms, and the presence of many Phytophthora genes of probable phototroph origin supports a photosynthetic ancestry for the stramenopiles. Comparison of the two species' genomes reveals a rapid expansion and diversification of many protein families associated with plant infection such as hydrolases, ABC transporters, protein toxins, proteinase inhibitors, and, in particular, a superfamily of 700 proteins with similarity to known oömycete avirulence genes.
Tyler
Brett M
BM
Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. bmtyler@vt.edu
Tripathy
Sucheta
S
Zhang
Xuemin
X
Dehal
Paramvir
P
Jiang
Rays H Y
RH
Aerts
Andrea
A
Arredondo
Felipe D
FD
Baxter
Laura
L
Bensasson
Douda
D
Beynon
Jim L
JL
Chapman
Jarrod
J
Damasceno
Cynthia M B
CM
Dorrance
Anne E
AE
Dou
Daolong
D
Dickerman
Allan W
AW
Dubchak
Inna L
IL
Garbelotto
Matteo
M
Gijzen
Mark
M
Gordon
Stuart G
SG
Govers
Francine
F
Grunwald
Niklaus J
NJ
Huang
Wayne
W
Ivors
Kelly L
KL
Jones
Richard W
RW
Kamoun
Sophien
S
Krampis
Konstantinos
K
Lamour
Kurt H
KH
Lee
Mi-Kyung
MK
McDonald
W Hayes
WH
Medina
Mónica
M
Meijer
Harold J G
HJ
Nordberg
Eric K
EK
Maclean
Donald J
DJ
Ospina-Giraldo
Manuel D
MD
Morris
Paul F
PF
Phuntumart
Vipaporn
V
Putnam
Nicholas H
NH
Rash
Sam
S
Rose
Jocelyn K C
JK
Sakihama
Yasuko
Y
Salamov
Asaf A
AA
Savidor
Alon
A
Scheuring
Chantel F
CF
Smith
Brian M
BM
Sobral
Bruno W S
BW
Terry
Astrid
A
Torto-Alalibo
Trudy A
TA
Win
Joe
J
Xu
Zhanyou
Z
Zhang
Hongbin
H
Grigoriev
Igor V
IV
Rokhsar
Daniel S
DS
Boore
Jeffrey L
JL
D020418:Algal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D005075:Biological Evolution; D048028:DNA, Algal / Q000235:genetics*; D005796:Genes; D016678:Genome; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D020161:Physical Chromosome Mapping; D010838:Phytophthora / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013559:Symbiosis; D014118:Toxins, Biological / Q000235:genetics
D020418:Algal Proteins; D048028:DNA, Algal; D014118:Toxins, Biological; D006867:Hydrolases