title: Humour therapy in patients with late-life depression or Alzheimer's disease: a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Of the disabling disorders of the elderly, depression is the most common affective disorder and Alzheimer's disease (AD) the most common neurodegenerative disorder. Pharmacological treatment strategies for these disorders are often accompanied with severe side effects. Therefore non-pharmacological treatment strategies are of great importance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of humour therapy on quality of life in patients with depression or AD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with late-life depression and 20 patients with AD were evaluated. Ten patients in each group underwent a humour therapy group (HT) once in two weeks for 60 min in addition to standard pharmacotherapy, which was given as usual to the other group as standard therapy (ST). All patients completed a psychometric test battery at admission and before discharge from the clinic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The quality of life scores improved both in HT and ST groups for depressive patients but not for patients with AD irrespective of the therapy group. Depressive patients receiving HT showed the highest quality of life after treatment. In addition, patients with depression in both therapy groups showed improvements in mood, depression score, and instrumental activities of daily living.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although there was no significant effect of humour therapy comparing with standard therapy on quality of life, these findings suggest that humour therapy can provide an additional therapeutic tool. Further studies with higher frequently humour groups are required in order to investigate the impact of humour therapy in gerontopsychiatric treatment.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatric University Clinics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. marc.walter@upkbs.ch
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.forename: Beat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hänni
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haug
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Amrhein
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Krebs-Roubicek
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Müller-Spahn
authors.forename: Egemen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Savaskan
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D027641:Laughter Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group / Q000379:methods*; D011788:Quality of Life; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014925:Wit and Humor as Topic