Prokaryotic life in a potash-polluted marsh with emphasis on N-metabolizing microorganisms.
Prokaryotic life along the salt gradient of the potash marsh resulting from mining waste at Schreyahn, Northern Germany, was screened for the distribution of total prokaryote (assessed by the 16S rRNA gene) and of N2-fixing (nifH gene), denitrifying (nosZ) and nitrifying (amoA) microorganisms. Information on prokaryotes was retrieved from the different soil sites (a) by culturing in conventional media, (b) by isolating the DNA, amplifying the target genes by PCR followed by sequencing, (c) by employing the recently developed computer program (TReFID [Rösch, C., Bothe, H., 2005. Improved assessment of denitrifying, N2-fixing, and total-community bacteria by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using multiple restriction enzymes. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, 2026-2035]) based on tRFLP data. New sequences were obtained as well as ones that were almost identical to those found at far distant locations. Whereas the distribution of plants strictly follows the salt gradient, this is apparently not the case with prokaryotes. Bacteria of hypersaline areas coexist with salt-non-tolerant species. The recently developed TReFID program is successfully applied to characterize a prokaryote community structure.
Eilmus
Sascha
S
Botanical Institute, The University of Cologne, Gyrhofstrasse 15, D-50923 Köln, Germany.
Rösch
Christopher
C
Bothe
Hermann
H
D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D044822:Biodiversity; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000633:toxicity*; D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D030561:Databases, Nucleic Acid; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005858:Germany; D008906:Mining; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D053833:Wetlands
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D045424:Complex Mixtures; D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012987:Soil; C518454:potash; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C029130:nitrogenase reductase; D009584:Nitrogen