title: Histologic variants of urothelial carcinoma: differential diagnosis and clinical implications.
abstract: An increasing number of histologic variants of urothelial carcinoma have been recognized in recent years. It is important for surgical pathologists to be aware of these morphological variants that, on occasion, may lead to misinterpretation as benign. Some also require a specific therapeutic approach. In this article, we review the most common histologic variants of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Emphasis is placed on clinical significance and differential diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Reina Sofia University Hospital and Cordoba University Medical School, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lopez-Beltran
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018287:Carcinoma, Large Cell / Q000473:pathology; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000473:pathology; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000473:pathology; D002822:Choriocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D018308:Papilloma, Inverted / Q000473:pathology; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000473:pathology; D010954:Plasmacytoma / Q000473:pathology; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D019459:Urothelium