title: Diagnostic molecular pathology: an increasingly indispensable tool for the practicing pathologist.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diagnostic molecular pathology is rapidly becoming an indispensable tool for anatomic pathologists. Familiarity with some of the technologic principles and current, as well as upcoming, molecular diagnostic applications is greatly advantageous for today's practice of pathology.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To provide a discussion of the most common techniques currently used in molecular pathology laboratories and review their essential applications to diagnosis and management of neoplastic diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature review and illustrative cases from the authors' molecular diagnostic practices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Applications such as clonality assays, molecular cytogenetics, and chimerism analysis are providing us with accurate tools to resolve difficult diagnostic and management decisions in hemato-oncology. This should serve as a future model to expand molecular applications into the wider field of solid tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md, USA. gnetto1@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: George J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Netto
authors.forename: Rana Domiati
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Saad
mesh_terms: D020223:Chromosome Painting; D003582:Cytogenetics / Q000639:trends; D003933:Diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007621:Karyotyping; D008967:Molecular Biology / Q000639:trends*; D010336:Pathology / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*