title: Corosolic acid prevents oxidative stress, inflammation and hypertension in SHR/NDmcr-cp rats, a model of metabolic syndrome.
abstract: Corosolic acid (CRA), a constituent of banaba leaves, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of CRA on metabolic risk factors including obesity, hypertension, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia together with oxidative stress and inflammation, all of which are characteristic of the SHR/NDmcr-cp (cp/cp) (SHR-cp) rat, an animal model of metabolic syndrome. Six-week-old male SHR-cp rats were fed a high fat diet containing 0.072% CRA for 14 weeks. Treatment with CRA lowered blood pressure, which was elevated in control animals, by 10% after 8 weeks, and serum free fatty acids by 21% after 2 weeks. CRA treatment resulted in decreases in the levels of the oxidative stress markers thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine by 27% and 59%, respectively, after 2 weeks. CRA treatment also reduced the levels of myeloperoxidase markers, 3-nitrotyrosine and 3-chlorotyrosine by 38% and 39%, respectively, after 10 weeks, and tended to decrease the levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammation, after 6 weeks. However, CRA had no effect on weight gain or hyperglycemia. These results demonstrate that CRA can ameliorate hypertension, abnormal lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress as well as the inflammatory state in SHR-cp rats. This implies that CRA can be beneficial for preventing atherosclerosis-related diseases that are an increasing health care problem worldwide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, 11-68, Koshien Kyuban-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan. yusan@mukogawa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haginaka
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kunitomo
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D028521:Musa / Q000737:chemistry; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014280:Triglycerides; D014315:Triterpenes; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D002784:Cholesterol; C113861:corosolic acid; D003849:Deoxyguanosine; C087259:3-chlorotyrosine