title: Preclinical characterization of AEG35156/GEM 640, a second-generation antisense oligonucleotide targeting X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cancer cells can use X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) to evade apoptotic cues, including chemotherapy. The antitumor potential of AEG35156, a novel second-generation antisense oligonucleotide directed toward XIAP, was assessed in human cancer models when given as a single agent and in combination with clinically relevant chemotherapeutics.
  
  
  METHODS
  AEG35156 was characterized for its ability to cause dose-dependent reductions of XIAP mRNA and protein in vitro and in vivo, to sensitize cancer cell lines to death stimuli, and to exhibit antitumor activity in multiple human cancer xenograft models as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AEG35156 reduced XIAP mRNA levels with an EC50 of 8 to 32 nmol/L and decreased XIAP protein levels by >80%. Loss of XIAP protein correlated with increased sensitization to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptosis in Panc-1 pancreatic carcinoma cells. AEG35156 exhibited potent antitumor activity relative to control oligonucleotides in three human cancer xenograft models (prostate, colon, and lung) and was capable of inducing complete tumor regression when combined with taxanes. Antitumor effects of AEG35156 correlated with suppression of tumor XIAP levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AEG35156 reduces XIAP levels and sensitizes tumors to chemotherapy. AEG35156 is presently under clinical assessment in multiple phase I trials in cancer patients as a single agent and in combination with docetaxel in solid tumors or cytarabine/idarubicin in leukemia.
authors.affiliation: Aegera Therapeutics, Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Eric C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: LaCasse
authors.forename: Gabriele G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Cherton-Horvat
authors.forename: Kimberley E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Hewitt
authors.forename: Lori J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Jerome
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Ekambar R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Kandimalla
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ruiwen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Sudhir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Gillard
authors.forename: Jon P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Durkin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000077143:Docetaxel; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004357:Drug Synergism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000494:pharmacology; D043823:Taxoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: C498209:AEG 35156; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D043823:Taxoids; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein; D000077143:Docetaxel