title: Using self-reported data to assess the validity of driving simulation data.
abstract: In this article, we use self-reported driving behaviors from a written questionnaire to assess the measurement validity of data derived from a driving simulation. The issue of validity concerns the extent to which measures from the experimental context map onto constructs of interest. Following a description of the experimental methods and setting, an argument for the face validity of the data is advanced. Convergent validity was assessed by regressing behaviors observed in thedriving simulatoron self-reported measures of driving behaviors. Significant relationships were found across six measures: accidents, speeding, velocity, passing, weaving between traffic, and behavior at stop signs. Concurrent validity was evaluated with an analysis of simulator accident involvement and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder status. Discriminant validity was assessed using a multitrait-multimethod matrix of simulator and questionnaire data. We concluded that although the relationship between self-reported behaviors and observed responses in the simulator falls short of perfect correspondence, the data collected from the driving simulator are valid measures of the behaviors of interest.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA. reimer@mit.edu
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reimer
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: D'Ambrosio
authors.forename: Joseph E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Coughlin
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kafrissen
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Biederman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology; D001334:Automobile Driving; D003198:Computer Simulation / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014584:User-Computer Interface