title: Agrobacterium virulence gene induction.
abstract: The ability of Agrobacterium to transform plants and other organisms is under highly regulated genetic control. Two Virulence (Vir) proteins, VirA and VirG, function as a two-component regulatory system to sense particular phenolic compounds synthesized by wounded plant tissues. Induction by these phenolic compounds, in the presence of certain neutral or acid sugars, results in activation of other vir genes, leading to the processing of T-DNA from the Ti-plasmid and transfer of T-DNA to recipient host cells. Many plant, and most nonplant, species do not provide sufficient quantities of the correct phenolic compounds to permit efficient Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation to occur. In order to transform these species, phenolic inducing compounds must be added to agrobacteria before and/or during cocultivation of recipient cells with the bacteria. This chapter discusses conditions for efficient induction of Agrobacterium virulence genes by phenolic compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Stanton B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Gelvin
mesh_terms: D016960:Agrobacterium tumefaciens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D059828:Plant Cells; D036741:Plant Tumor-Inducing Plasmids / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014170:Transformation, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D010636:Phenols; C036483:T-DNA; D037521:Virulence Factors