title: Diabetes-induced cerebrovascular dysfunction: role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.
abstract: Our goal was to identify the role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in cerebrovascular dysfunction in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). In a first series of studies, rats were assigned to nondiabetic and diabetic (streptozotocin; 50 mg/kg IP) groups. Two to three months after injection of streptozotocin, we examine in vivo responses of pial arterioles to nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-dependent (adenosine diphosphate (ADP), acetylcholine and histamine) and -independent (nitroglycerin) agonists. After the initial examination of reactivity to the agonists, we treated pial arterioles acutely with an inhibitor of PARP (PJ-34; 1 microM), and then we again examined responses to the agonists. In a second series of studies, we examine superoxide production (lucigenin chemiluminescence) by parietal cortex tissue in nondiabetic and diabetic rats. We found that dilation of pial arterioles in response to ADP, acetylcholine and histamine, but not to nitroglycerin, was impaired in diabetic compared to nondiabetic rats. In addition, although PJ-34 did not alter responses in nondiabetic rats, PJ-34 alleviated T1D-induced impairment of NOS-dependent vasodilation. We also found that basal production of superoxide was increased in diabetic compared to nondiabetic rats and that PJ-34 decreased this basal production of superoxide. Our findings suggest that T1D impairs NOS-dependent reactivity of cerebral arterioles by a mechanism that appears to be related to the formation of superoxide via activation of PARP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology 985850 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, USA.
authors.forename: Denise M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Arrick
authors.forename: Glenda M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Sharpe
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Mayhan
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001160:Arterioles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C434926:N-(oxo-5,6-dihydrophenanthridin-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylacetamide hydrochloride; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D013481:Superoxides; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D006632:Histamine; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D000109:Acetylcholine