title: Pseudopolarographic determination of Cd2+ complexation in freshwater.
abstract: Pseudopolarography was used to detect Cd2+ complexes in samples collected at several locations along the Potomac River in June and September, 2004. Irrespective of site and sampling time, no weak inorganic Cd2+ species were present. However, up to two stable Cd(2+)-organic complexes were detected at each site. These unknown Cd2+ complexes were characterized by their half-wave potential (E1/2). The E1/2 values indicated certain Cd2+ complexes were common at different sites during each sampling but different complexes were observed in June and September. A Cd2+ chelate scale, generated from model ligands, was used to estimate the thermodynamic stability constants (K(THERM)) of the unknown complexes, which ranged from log K(THERM) = 21.5-32.0. Pseudopolarography did not recover all Cd2+ in the samples. This was partly attributed to highly stable Cd-sulfide species; owing to the presence of acid volatile sulfide at concentrations greater than total dissolved Cd2+. These electrochemically inert species may be multinuclear Cd-sulfide clusters and/ or nanoparticles with K(THERM) values that exceed the detection window of pseudopolarography (log K(THERM) > 34.4).
authors.affiliation: University of Delaware, College of Marine Studies, 700 Pilottown Road, Lewes, Delaware 19958, USA. jtsang@udel.edu
authors.forename: Jeffrey J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.forename: Tim F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Rozan
authors.forename: Heileen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hsu-Kim
authors.forename: Katherine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Mullaugh
authors.forename: George W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Luther
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D005618:Fresh Water; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium