title: The testes-specific bZip type transcription factor Tisp40 plays a role in ER stress responses and chromatin packaging during spermiogenesis.
abstract: We previously reported that the spermatid-specific transcription factor Tisp40 functions through UPRE and CRE. To investigate Tisp40 function in vivo, we generated TISP40(-/-) mice. TISP40(-/-) mice were born at expected ratios, were healthy, and mutant males bred normally. However, the ER stress-response protein Grp78/BiP accumulated in the TISP40(-/-) testis and RAMP4 (Ribosome-associated membrane protein 4) mRNA level was up-regulated. Disruption of TISP40 caused ER stress and activation of caspase 12 but not caspase 9, leading to apoptosis of meiotic/postmeiotic germ cells. On the other hand, DAPI staining and electron microscopy revealed that epididymal sperm nuclei were abnormally relaxed in the TISP40(-/-) testis, a phenotype that was independent of the expression and maturation of transition proteins and protamines but due to abnormally retained histones. Histones localized to the cytoplasm as well as to the nucleus and were also retained in epididymal sperm. Histones H2A and H4 were dramatically up-regulated and the acetylation of H2A, H2B and H4 was also enhanced in the TISP40(-/-) testis. Taken together, we conclude that Tisp40 plays an important role in the unfolded protein response of the testis and in regulating the maturation of sperm head nuclei.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 3-1, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Ippei
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nagamori
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yomogida
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikawa
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okabe
authors.forename: Norikazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yabuta
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nojima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly / Q000502:physiology*; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013737:Testis / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; C116472:Creb3 protein, mouse; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D006657:Histones; C000717248:Hspa5 protein, mouse; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C511174:Serp1 protein, mouse; D020169:Caspases