title: Fish monogeneans from a shallow, eutrophic Oświn Lake in Poland.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A study was carried out in a shallow, eutrophic Oświn Lake, within Seven Islands Reserve (north-eastern Poland), in order to determine the infection of fish with monogeneans as sensitive indicators of water quality. This paper presents comparative analysis of the occurrence of Monogenea in fishes from two, distinctly separated pools of the lake, differing in environmental conditions. The impact of fish size and sampling season on the infection parameters was also analyzed.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1998 and 1999, a total of 1091 fish representing 8 dominant species were examined. Samples were collected four times a year (in May, July, August, and October) simultaneously from the eastern and western parts of the lake.
  
  
  RESULTS
  16 species of Monogenea (and some unidentified specimeus) occurred in the fish examined, most of them from the Dactylogyridae family: Dactylogyrus sphyrna, D. auriculatus, D. intermedius, D. anchoratus, D. falcatus, D. tincae, D. wunderi, D. zandti, D. difformis, D. nanus, D. distinguendus, D. crucifer, D. caballeroi. Furthermore, Tetraonchus monenteron (Tetraonchidae), Gyrodactylus elegans (Gyrodactylidae), and Paradiplozoon megan (Diplozoidae) were detected. Monogenea occurred abundantly on the gills of pike, roach, rudd, white bream, carp bream and crucian carp, but rather sporadically in tench and perch. The highest species variety and diversity of monogenean guilds were detected in carp bream and roach. It was proved that D. crucifer and D. difformis were significantly more abundant in the western pool compared to the eastern one. Infection of fish with Dactylogyridae was season-dependent, contrary to the infection of pike with T. monenteron. Intensity of infection of white bream with D. sphyrna and roach with D. crucifer increased with fish body length; such a relationship did not appear for the other monogeneans and their hosts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Presence of common Monogenea in the fish examined, lack of rare species, poor diversity of monogenean guilds and relatively low infection rate could be connected with the low stability of the lake environment. Location-dependent occurrence of D. crucifer and D. difformis indicated that the exchange between fish groups from the eastern and western parts of the lake is limited.
authors.affiliation: University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland. katarzyna.mierzjewska@uwm.edu.pl
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mierzejewska
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Własow
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dzika
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004777:Environment; D005068:Eutrophication; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D005399:Fishes / Q000145:classification / Q000469:parasitology*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000469:parasitology*; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D014200:Trematoda / Q000145:classification* / Q000502:physiology; D014201:Trematode Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000662:veterinary*