title: Triple antiviral therapy in HCV positive patients who failed prior combination therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy of triple therapy (peginte-rferon or high dose standard interferon, plus ribavirin and amantadine) in nonresponders to prior combination therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 196 patients were enrolled in a multicenter, open, randomized study. Patients were given 180 mug/wk of peginterferon-alpha-2a (40 kDa) plus ribavirin (800-1000 mg/d) and amantadine (200 mg/d) for 48 wk (group A) or interferon-alpha-2a (6 MU/d for 4 wk, 3 MU/d for 20 wk, and 3 MU tiw for 24 wk) plus ribavirin (800-1000 mg/d) and amantadine (200 mg/d) for 48 wk (group B).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall sustained virologic response (SVR) was 26.6% (32.1% and 19.5% in group A and B, P = 0.057). Baseline ALT > 120 UI/L (OR 2.4; 95% CI: 1.11 to 5.20; P = 0.026) and HCV RNA negativity after 12 wk (OR 8.7; 95% CI: 3.87 to 19.74; P < 0.0001) were independently associated with SVR. Therapy discontinuation occurred less frequently in patients treated with peginterferon than standard interferon (P = 0.036).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More than 25% of nonresponders to combination therapy can eradicate HCV infection when retreated with triple therapy, especially if they have a high baseline ALT and are treated with pegylated interferon.
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Policlinico Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna Pad. Granelli, via F. Sforza 35, Milano 20121, Italy. silvia.fargion@unimi.it
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fargion
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borzio
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maraschi
authors.forename: Antonietta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cargnel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000547:Amantadine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001706:Biopsy; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000378:metabolism*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D012254:Ribavirin; D007372:Interferons; D000547:Amantadine