title: Galanin receptor 1 is expressed in a subpopulation of glutamatergic interneurons in the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord.
abstract: The 29/30 amino acid neuropeptide galanin has been implicated in pain processing at the spinal level and local dorsal horn neurons expressing the Gal(1) receptor may play a critical role. In order to determine the transmitter identity of these neurons, we used immunohistochemistry and antibodies against the Gal(1) receptor and the three vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs), as well as in situ hybridization, to explore a possible glutamatergic phenotype. Gal(1) protein, which could not be demonstrated in Gal(1) knockout mice, colocalized with VGLUT2 protein, but not with glutamate decarboxylase, in many nerve endings in lamina II. Moreover, Gal(1) and VGLUT2 transcripts were often found in the same cell bodies in laminae I-IV. Gal(1)-protein and galanin-peptide showed an overlapping distribution but were not colocalized. Gal(1) staining did not appear to be affected by dorsal rhizotomy. Taken together, these findings provide strong evidence that Gal(1) is a heteroreceptor expressed on excitatory glutamatergic dorsal horn interneurons. Activation of such Gal(1) receptors may thus decrease the inhibitory tone in the superficial dorsal horn, and possibly cause antinociception.
authors.affiliation: Inserm E 0358, Institut Francois Magendie, University of Bordeaux 2, F-33077 Bordeaux, France. Marc.Landry@u-bordeaux2.fr
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Landry
authors.forename: Rabia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bouali-Benazzouz
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: André
authors.forename: Tie Jun Sten
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Léger
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hökfelt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D019004:Galanin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007395:Interneurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000502:physiology; D010146:Pain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D020671:Posterior Horn Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D044091:Receptor, Galanin, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology*; D050599:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044091:Receptor, Galanin, Type 1; C493477:Slc17a6 protein, mouse; D050599:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D019004:Galanin; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase; C401141:glutamate decarboxylase 2