title: Vaccination therapy in malignant disease.
abstract: Improvement in survival among patients with early malignancy is well established in various cancers. However, long-term survival in those with advanced malignancy has changed little and this poses a major therapeutic challenge to clinicians. Anti-cancer immunotherapy is a novel approach, which is still experimental, but offers a new therapeutic strategy. In this review, we discuss the basic immunological interplay between the host immune system and the tumour, mechanisms of anti-tumour immune responses induced by immunotherapy and key in vivo pilot studies of active specific immunotherapy in various sold cancers, carried out during the last five years.
authors.affiliation: Section of Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals, Queen's Medical Centre, UK. mark.aloysius@nottingham.ac.uk
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Aloysius
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Robins
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Eremin
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Eremin
mesh_terms: D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D019139:Tumor Escape / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014765:Viral Vaccines