title: Precedence of the shift of body-fat distribution over the change in body composition after menopause.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the sequence of certain phenomena after menopause: decrease in bone mineral density (BMD), change in body composition (lean and fat components), and the shift toward upper body fat distribution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 188 postmenopausal women aged 50-65 years old. They were divided into four subgroups based on 4-year increments in age. Regularly menstruating women (n = 51) aged 50-53 years old served as controls. Age, height, weight, and years since menopause were recorded. Body fat mass, percentage of body fat (%fat), lean body mass (LBM), lumbar spine (L2-4), total body BMD, and the trunk-leg fat mass ratio were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In postmenopausal women (n = 42) aged 50-53 years, BMD was lower compared to age-matched controls (P < 0.05), while other variables did not differ. Trunk-leg fat mass ratio in women aged 54-57 years or more was significantly higher than that in control. LBM was significantly lower while percentage fat was significantly higher in women aged 58-61 years old or more.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An initial event during the menopausal process is BMD loss, which is followed by body fat distribution shift, then LBM loss and reciprocal increase in body fat mass.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kagoshima University, Medical and Dental Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Youichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.forename: Nobuhisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mizuma
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuwahata
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshinaga
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Douchi
mesh_terms: D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D015519:Bone Density; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged