title: Endoscopic transaxillary subpectoral augmentation mammaplasty: a safe and predictable procedure.
abstract: During the last decades breast augmentation has gained worldwide acceptance. In addition to the inframammary and periareolar approach for augmentation mammaplasty, the transaxillary route provides an elegant means of retaining the integrity of the breast mound by avoiding visible scars. Due to concerns as to the safety of this technique we analysed 47 patients who underwent endoscopy-assisted transaxillary submuscular augmentation mammaplasty in our department from 1999 to 2004. The inclusion criteria were aesthetic breast augmentation due to breast hypoplasia. Patients with a history of breast cancer, other malignancies, or previously performed mastectomy were excluded. Procedures for tuberous breast deformity as well as concomitantly performed mastopexy were also excluded. No complications were observed impairing final outcome or requiring early operative intervention, such as infection or haematoma. This technique is suitable for patients who prefer a hidden incision at a distant site, and provides predictability of aesthetic outcome and is safe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg/FRG, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79095 Freiburg i. Br., Germany. arash_ali@yahoo.de
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Momeni
authors.forename: Nestor Torio
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Padron
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bannasch
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Björn Stark
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D001365:Axilla / Q000601:surgery; D018427:Breast Implants; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D010369:Pectoralis Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome