Dermatologic manifestations of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.
The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) represents a diverse range of immunopathologic reactions resulting in clinical deterioration that may occur as immune function is partially restored in HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Approximately half of IRIS events are dermatologic, and dermatologic IRIS is described in relation to a wide range of conditions, the commonest being herpes zoster and herpes simplex. Most cases of IRIS result in mild and moderate symptoms, but non-dermatologic manifestations related to IRIS have resulted in death. This article covers certain general issues related to IRIS and then focuses on the spectrum of dermatologic manifestations.
Lehloenya
Rannakoe
R
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, 7925, South Africa.
Meintjes
Graeme
G
D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D007249:Inflammation; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D013577:Syndrome; D019562:Viral Load