title: Pre-pregnancy body mass index and pregnancy outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI on pregnancy outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnancy cohort recruited pregnancies between 16 and 18 weeks. BMI evaluated underweight, BMI<18.5, normal, BMI 18.5-25, overweight BMI 25-30, and obese BMI>30 women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pre-pregnancy BMI classified 331 women as underweight (11.7%), 1982 normal (69.9%), 326 overweight (11.5%), and 188 as obese (6.6%). Obese women were more likely to develop gestational diabetes (p<0.001), hypertension (p<0.001), preeclampsia (p<0.001), need labor induction (p<0.001), cesarean delivery for fetal distress (p<0.001), postpartum hemorrhage (p=0.003), need neonatal resuscitation (p=0.001) and deliver hypoglycemic infants (p=0.007). Being underweight is correlated with fetal growth restriction (p=0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pre-pregnancy obesity is a risk factor for gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, labor induction, cesarean for fetal distress, postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal hypoglycemic and need for resuscitation. Being underweight is risk factor for fetal growth restriction.
authors.affiliation: School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia at King Edward Memorial Hospital, Australia.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Doherty
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Magann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Newnham
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications; D050177:Overweight; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012307:Risk Factors; D013851:Thinness / Q000150:complications*