Actinide speciation in relation to biological processes.
In case of accidental release of radionuclides into the environment, actinides represent a severe health risk to human beings following internal contamination (inhalation, ingestion or wound). For a better understanding of the actinide behaviour in man (in term of metabolism, retention, excretion) and in specific biological systems (organs, cells or biochemical pathways), it is of prime importance to have a good knowledge of the relevant actinide solution chemistry and biochemistry, in particular of the thermodynamic constants needed for computing actinide speciation. To a large extent, speciation governs bioavailability and toxicity of elements and has a significant impact on the mechanisms by which toxics accumulate in cell compartments and organs and by which elements are transferred and transported from cell to cell. From another viewpoint, speciation is the prerequisite for the design and success of potential decorporation therapies. The purpose of this review is to present the state of the art of actinide knowledge within biological media. It is also to discuss how actinide speciation can be determined or predicted and to highlight the areas where information is lacking with the aim to encourage new research efforts.
Ansoborlo
Eric
E
CEA/DEN/DRCP/CETAMA, VRH-Marcoule, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols sur Cèze, France. eric.ansoborlo@cea.fr
Prat
Odette
O
Moisy
Philippe
P
Den Auwer
Christophe
C
Guilbaud
Philippe
P
Carriere
M
M
Gouget
Barbara
B
Duffield
John
J
Doizi
Denis
D
Vercouter
Thomas
T
Moulin
Christophe
C
Moulin
Valérie
V
D008671:Actinoid Series Elements / Q000032:analysis / Q000145:classification* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D006801:Humans; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000633:toxicity; D013816:Thermodynamics
D008671:Actinoid Series Elements; D011868:Radioisotopes