title: Co-occurrence of aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1, ochratoxin A and zearalenone in cereals and peanuts from Côte d'Ivoire.
abstract: This survey examined 30 samples of rice (n = 10), maize (n = 10) and peanuts (n = 10) from Côte d'Ivoire for aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1 and zearalenone using immunoassays, and ochratoxin A using a validated HPLC method with fluorescence detection. In Côte d'Ivoire, as in other countries, several mycotoxins are present in the same commodities. These mycotoxins are from different structural families: aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1, zearalenone and ochratoxin A, normally produced by fungal species from Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium genera. Some samples contained four mycotoxins (86%). Four peanuts samples did not show ochratoxin A (14%), whereas they contained aflatoxin B1 concentrations above the EU regulatory limits. Concentrations of ochratoxin A, zearalenone and fumonisin B1 were low and may not cause problems per se; however, fears remain that the tolerable daily intake may be exceeded due to eating habits and synergistic effects could be important with the combination of several mycotoxins. Investigations in this direction are underway, together with isolation and characterization of the fungal species involved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, University of Bordeaux 2, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sangare-Tigori
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moukha
authors.forename: H James
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kouadio
authors.forename: Anne-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Betbeder
authors.forename: Djédjé Sébastien
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Dano
authors.forename: E Edmond
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Creppy
mesh_terms: D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000032:analysis; D010367:Arachis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000032:analysis; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000032:analysis; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; D009793:Ochratoxins; C025589:ochratoxin A; C056933:fumonisin B1; D015025:Zearalenone; D016604:Aflatoxin B1