title: Dietary glucosylceramide improves skin barrier function in hairless mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sphingolipids are known to play an important role in both water retention and epidermal permeability barrier function in mammalian stratum corneum. However, little is known about the effects on epidermal function of orally administered sphingolipids.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined the effect of dietary glucosylceramide (GluCer) on the maintenance and recovery of epidermal barrier function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hairless mice were fed a particular diet (HR-AD) for 4 weeks to induce chronic skin perturbation. Subsequently, a normal diet supplemented with GluCer (from rice bran and germ) was provided for the next 4 weeks. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and stratum corneum flexibility were measured throughout this recovery phase. Additional hairless mice were fed a diet with or without a maize-extracted GluCer supplement for 5 weeks, then their skin was acutely perturbed with repeated tape-stripping, and the TEWL was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although skin functions were generally lower following chronic perturbation, in GluCer-fed mice the TEWL was significantly reduced at 2 weeks and the stratum corneum flexibility was increased at 3 weeks compared to controls. Following acute barrier perturbation by tape-stripping, mice an HR-AD fed a GluCer diet exhibited enhanced recovery compared with the control diet group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that in hairless mice skin barrier functions impaired by chronic or acute perturbations were improved by dietary GluCer. The oral administration of GluCer may be useful for the preservation and recovery of epidermal barrier functions an HR-AD.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Advanced Life Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi 6, Kita 12, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyomi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitsutake
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomiyama
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Igarashi
mesh_terms: D000269:Adhesives / Q000009:adverse effects; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D005963:Glucosylceramides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D014870:Water Loss, Insensible / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; D005963:Glucosylceramides