title: The Pediatric AIDS Severity Score (PASS): a multidimensional AIDS-severity adjustment for pediatric HIV infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A severity staging system predictive of mortality for perinatally HIV-infected children is needed for clinical and research purposes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A pediatric AIDS severity score (PASS) was developed using baseline sociodemographic, clinical, immunologic, and functional measures obtained from 786 perinatally HIV-infected children enrolled into a prospective cohort study (PACTG 219) in the pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era (pre-1996). PASS was then validated among 392 perinatally HIV-infected children randomly sampled from the original source population (n = 1178). Survival estimates and hazard ratios (HRs) were obtained using the Kaplan-Meier method and proportional hazards models, respectively. The most predictive models were determined using Harrell's "C" statistic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall survival was 95% and 90% at 1 and 2 years of follow-up, respectively. The most comprehensive model for predicting mortality, termed the "Full" PASS, included CD4% <15 (HR = 3.9), CDC category C (HR = 2.6), BMI <10% (HR = 2.4), a low (<70) neuropsychological score (HR = 2.6), a general health rating <5 (HR = 2.4), and an elevated symptoms score (HR = 1.9). These determinants were highly predictive of mortality (C statistic = 0.841).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PASS will be helpful in assessing the effectiveness of ART among children with HIV infection, particularly when randomized clinical trials are not possible due to ethical and feasibility concerns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. gseage@hsph.harvard.edu
authors.forename: George R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Seage
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Buchacz
authors.forename: Geoffrey A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Weinberg
authors.forename: Kunjal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McIntosh
authors.forename: Wayne M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Dankner
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents