Esophageal atresia. Lessons I have learned in a 40-year experience.
A brief resume of the highlights in the history of oesophageal atresia is presented. This is followed by research into the etiology, ontogeny and embryology, and microbiological studies. A revised classification of risk factors with consequent survival statistics is presented. Lessons learned in the management of the condition over a 40-year period are reported with particular emphasis on the management of the preterm infant with associated severe respiratory distress, right-side aortic arch, upper pouch fistula, 'long-gap' atresia, and the use of gastrostomy and intercostals drains. The incidence and treatment of early and late complications is discussed.
Spitz
Lewis
L
Institute of Child Health, University College, London Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London WC1 N3JH, UK.
D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D004933:Esophageal Atresia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000266:history / Q000601:surgery*; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors