title: Stable coreceptor usage of HIV in patients with ongoing treatment failure on HAART.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Disease progression in HIV infection has been associated with switch of viral coreceptor usage from CCR5 to CXCR4.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between HIV-coreceptor tropism and clinical and virological outcome in 40 heavily pretreated patients over time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Coreceptor phenotype was predicted after sequencing the V3 loop of the HIV glycoprotein 120.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Coreceptor use was stable during observation time in 87% of patients, and CCR5 tropism was predominant. Viral mutations in the pol gene and clinical parameters were not predictive for coreceptor switching.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even in patients with repeated HAART failure, CCR5 antagonists might be a valuable treatment option.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany. clara.lehmann@uni-koeln.de
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Däumer
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Boussaad
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sing
authors.forename: Niko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Beerenwinkel
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lengauer
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schmeisser
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wyen
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fätkenheuer
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaiser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000378:metabolism*; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000378:metabolism*; D017211:Treatment Failure; D018523:Tropism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine