title: Partial neutralization of rain by seaspray: the case of Recôncavo, Bahia-Brazil.
abstract: In the Recôncavo of Bahia (located between 12 degrees 33' and 13 degrees 10'S and 38 degrees 00'and 39 degrees 00'W), there are significant discharges of SO(2) and NO(x) due to local, industrial and urban activities. The incoming air masses from the Atlantic Ocean are enriched with seaspray, which neutralizes part of the rain acidity. The extent of seaspray neutralization of rain acidity was quantified in four sites of the region, each with different loads of seaspray. Rain samples were obtained daily at the same time, integrating the precipitation of the previous 24h, using wet-only collectors and analyzed for pH by potentiometry and for sodium by flame photometry. The amount of rain acidity in Recôncavo neutralized by seaspray ranged from <1% up to 88% and depended on the site. On average, neutralization ranged from 5% to 18%.
authors.affiliation: LAQUAM-Laboratório de Química Analítica Ambiental, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química da Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Universitário de Ondina, s/n CEP 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil. vaniaroc@ufba.br
authors.forename: Vânia P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: Angela Cristina A
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Tania M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Tavares
mesh_terms: D015258:Acid Rain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001938:Brazil; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000032:analysis; D010783:Photometry; D011199:Potentiometry; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012424:Rural Population; D012621:Seasons; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015258:Acid Rain; D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D005740:Gases; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide