Neurodegeneration and neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Multiple sclerosis is considered a disease of myelin destruction; Parkinson's disease (PD), one of dopaminergic neuron depletion; ALS, a disease of motor neuron death; and Alzheimer's, a disease of plaques and tangles. Although these disorders differ in important ways, they also have common pathogenic features, including inflammation, genetic mutations, inappropriate protein aggregates (e.g., Lewy bodies, amyloid plaques), and biochemical defects leading to apoptosis, such as oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. In most disorders, it remains uncertain whether inflammation and protein aggregation are neurotoxic or neuroprotective. Elucidating the mechanisms that orchestrate neuronal diseases should facilitate development of neuroprotective and neurorestorative strategies.
Dhib-Jalbut
Suhayl
S
UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, and The Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA. jalbutsu@umdnj.edu
Arnold
Douglas L
DL
Cleveland
Don W
DW
Fisher
Mark
M
Friedlander
Robert M
RM
Mouradian
M Maral
MM
Przedborski
Serge
S
Trapp
Bruce D
BD
Wyss-Coray
Tony
T
Yong
V Wee
VW
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D020170:Caspase 1 / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy
D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D020170:Caspase 1