title: Effects of ERalpha overexpression on female reproduction in mice.
abstract: Recently, we generated transgenic mice in which ERalpha can be inducibly overexpressed in reproductive tissues (ERalpha overexpressors). These mice were used to test the hypothesis that prenatal and postnatal ERalpha overexpression reduces female fertility. To do so, litter sizes, ovulation, follicle numbers, uterine histology, implantation sites, and hormone levels were compared in ERalpha overexpressors and controls. The data indicate that ERalpha overexpressors have reduced fertility compared to controls and that the reduced fertility is not due to reduced ovulatory capacity, altered levels of estradiol, FSH, and LH, or impaired follicular growth. ERalpha overexpressors, however, had a higher number of apoptotic cells in the endometrial epithelium and a reduced number of implantation sites compared to controls. Thus, the increased number of apoptotic cells and reduced number of implantation sites observed in ERalpha overexpressing uteri compared to controls may, in part, account for the reduced litter size produced by ERalpha overexpressing females.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Dragana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tomic
authors.forename: Maria Silvina
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Frech
authors.forename: Janice K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Babus
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Symonds
authors.forename: Priscilla A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Furth
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Koos
authors.forename: Jodi A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Flaws
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006064:Gonadotropins, Equine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008098:Litter Size; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D006064:Gonadotropins, Equine; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone