The location of asparagine-linked glycans on West Nile virions controls their interactions with CD209 (dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin).
Mammalian cell-derived West Nile virus preferentially infects cells expressing the C-type lectin CD209L (dendritic cellspecific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin-related protein; liver- and lymph node-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin) but not cells expressing CD209 (dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin). In contrast, Dengue virus infection is enhanced in cells expressing either attachment factor. The West Nile virus envelope (E) protein contains a single N-linked glycosylation site at residue 154, whereas Dengue virus E contains sites at residues 153 and 67. We introduced a glycosylation site at position 67 into West Nile virus E. Reporter virus particles pseudotyped with this E protein infected cells using either CD209 or CD209L. We also introduced glycosylation sites at several novel positions. All sites allowed CD209L-mediated infection, but only a subset promoted CD209 use. As seen for other viruses, mannose-rich glycans on West Nile virus were required for its interactions with CD209. Surprisingly, however, mannose-rich glycans were not required for CD209L-mediated infection. Complex glycans, particularly N-acetylglucosamine-terminated structures, were able to mediate reporter virus particle interactions with CD209L. We propose that CD209L recognizes glycosylated flaviviruses with broad specificity, whereas CD209 is selective for flaviviruses bearing mannose-rich glycans. The location of the N-linked glycosylation sites on a virion determines the types of glycans incorporated, thus controlling viral tropism for CD209-expressing cells.
Davis
Carl W
CW
Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Mattei
Lisa M
LM
Nguyen
Hai-Yen
HY
Ansarah-Sobrinho
Camilo
C
Doms
Robert W
RW
Pierson
Theodore C
TC
D001216:Asparagine / Q000737:chemistry*; D001665:Binding Sites; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000378:metabolism; D005416:Flavivirus / Q000378:metabolism; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism; D020014:K562 Cells; D037102:Lectins / Q000737:chemistry; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin
D001216:Asparagine; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016023:Integrins; D037102:Lectins; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin