title: Cataract surgery management in patients taking tamsulosin staged approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate a progressive approach to the problems of intraoperative floppy-iris syndrome (IFIS) in cataract surgery caused by tamsulosin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cataract Treatment Center, Sunderland Eye Infirmary, Sunderland, United Kingdom.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two eyes of 20 patients who were using tamsulosin had cataract surgery by the same surgeon using the same technique. Patients received standard preoperative eyedrops consisting of topical cyclopentolate, phenylephrine, and diclofenac. When necessary, intracameral phenylephrine, iris hooks, or both were used. All cases were videotaped and analyzed for surgical complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The degree of IFIS manifested varied widely in the patients: Seventeen of 32 eyes (53%) had good mydriasis preoperatively (type 1 and type 2 pupils); however, in 7 of the 17 eyes (43%), the pupils constricted later during surgery (type 2 pupils). Twelve eyes (38%) had a mid-dilated pupil that sometimes constricted later (type 3 pupils), and 3 eyes (9%) had poor dilation at the beginning of surgery (type 4 pupils). There were no surgical complications attributed to IFIS. Full IFIS manifestation varied between eyes of the same patient. Some eyes required no intervention. Intraoperative pupil constriction was reversed with intracameral phenylephrine, which also prevented iris prolapse and billowing and further pupil constriction in patients who had medium to small pupils preoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A staged approach in managing pupils in IFIS and using phenylephrine intracamerally when necessary effectively prevented serious intraoperative complications.
authors.affiliation: Sunderland Eye Infirmary, Sunderland, UK.
authors.forename: Sridhar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manvikar
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Allen
mesh_terms: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003519:Cyclopentolate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007498:Iris / Q000187:drug effects; D007499:Iris Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000379:methods*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000188:drug therapy; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013577:Syndrome; D000077409:Tamsulosin
chemical_list: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D009184:Mydriatics; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D013449:Sulfonamides; D004008:Diclofenac; D010656:Phenylephrine; D000077409:Tamsulosin; D003519:Cyclopentolate