title: The prognostic impact of tumor size in resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer: evidence for a two thresholds tumor diameters classification.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The current TNM staging system for non-small cell lung cancer subdivides stage IA and IB according to a tumor size threshold of 3 cm. Some authors have suggested that tumor size behaves as a continuous, but the optimal diameter thresholds to be adopted remain debated.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective study on 548 patients who underwent a complete surgical resection at our institute for stage IA and IB non-small cell lung cancer according to the current TNM staging system. Univariate and multiaviate analysis of overall and disease-specific survival were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stage IA had an overall 5 years survival of 67% and a 5 years disease-specific survival of 85%. Stage IB had an overall 5 years of 49% and 5 years disease-specific survival of 53%. Tumors <2 cm had a significantly better survival than tumors > or =2 cm (overall survival: p=0.007; disease-specific survival: p=0.026), as well as tumors ranging from 2 to 5 cm in comparison with larger ones (overall survival: p=0.031; disease-specific survival: p=0.013). No significant difference was found between groups ranging from 2 to 5 cm. Tumors of 2-5 cm had 57% higher probability of death in comparison with tumors <2 cm and tumors >5 cm had a probability of death 60% higher than tumor of 2-5 cm. Age and tumor size (two thresholds diameter classification) resulted independent variables at multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the definition of T factor in the staging system of non-small cell lung cancer should consider two cutoffs according to tumor size. Two and 5 cm represent appropriate thresholds diameters that define subgroups with significant different prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialties, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Largo del Pozzo 71, 41100 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Casali
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Christian
authors.forename: Storelli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erica
authors.forename: Uliano
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Morandi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000145:classification / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate