The "linker" region (amino acids 38-47) of the disintegrin elegantin is a novel inhibitory domain of integrin alpha5beta1-dependent cell adhesion on fibronectin: evidence for the negative regulation of fibronectin synergy site biological activity.
Disintegrins are a family of potent inhibitors of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion. In this study we have identified a region of the disintegrin elegantin, termed the "linker domain" (amino acids 38-47), with inhibitory activity toward alpha(5)beta(1)-mediated cell adhesion on fibronectin (Fn). Using a chimeric structure-function approach in which sequences of the functionally distinct disintegrin kistrin were introduced into the elegantin template at targeted sites, a loss of inhibitory function toward alpha(5)beta(1)-mediated adhesion on Fn was observed when the elegantin linker domain was substituted. Subsequent analysis comparing the inhibitory efficacies of the panel of elegantin-kistrin chimeras toward CHO alpha(5) cell adhesion on recombinant Fn III(6-10) fragments showed that the loss of inhibitory activity associated with the disruption of the elegantin linker domain was dependent upon the presence of a functional Fn III(9) synergy site within the Fn III(6-10) substrate. This suggested that the elegantin linker domain inhibits primarily the activity of the Fn synergy domain in promoting alpha(5)beta(1) integrin-mediated cell adhesion. Construction of a cyclic peptide corresponding to the entire region of the elegantin linker domain showed that this domain has intrinsic alpha(5)beta(1) inhibitory activity comparable with the activity of the RGDS peptide. These data demonstrate a novel biological function for a disintegrin domain that antagonizes integrin-mediated cell adhesion.
Sumathipala
Rushika
R
Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Remodelling, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom.
Xu
Cunshuan
C
Seago
Julian
J
Mould
A Paul
AP
Humphries
Martin J
MJ
Craig
Sue E
SE
Patel
Yatin
Y
Wijelath
Errol S
ES
Sobel
Michael
M
Rahman
Salman
S
D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D016466:CHO Cells; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D039081:Integrin alpha5beta1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
D005353:Fibronectins; D039081:Integrin alpha5beta1; D010455:Peptides; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C064594:elegantin; C067623:kistrin; D051722:ADAM Proteins