Bacterial enteric infections in children: etiology, clinical manifestations and antimicrobial therapy.
Bacterial enteric infections have a huge impact on human health, particularly among the pediatric population. Despite the explosion of knowledge of the pathogenesis of bacterial enteric infections experienced in the past decade, the number of diarrheal episodes and childhood deaths reported continues to increase in many areas of the world. Specific antimicrobial therapy is indicated for certain confirmed infections, notably shigellosis, enterotoxigenic and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli infections, typhoid fever and cholera. Antimicrobial therapy may have a role in severe and prolonged gastrointestinal illness caused by nontyphoid Salmonella and Campylobacter. However, the use of antimicrobial agents may increase the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome in children with E. coli O157:H7 infection. Bacterial genome sequencing and better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms involved in the onset of diarrhea are leading to new preventive interventions, such as enteric vaccines, which may have a significant impact on the magnitude of this human plague.
Chao
Hsun-Chin
HC
Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, 5 Fu-Hsin Street, Kweishan 333, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Chen
Chien-Chang
CC
Chen
Shih-Yen
SY
Chiu
Cheng-Hsun
CH
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000930:Antidiarrheals / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D005334:Fever / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000930:Antidiarrheals