title: Seizure prediction: the long and winding road.
abstract: The sudden and apparently unpredictable nature of seizures is one of the most disabling aspects of the disease epilepsy. A method capable of predicting the occurrence of seizures from the electroencephalogram (EEG) of epilepsy patients would open new therapeutic possibilities. Since the 1970s investigations on the predictability of seizures have advanced from preliminary descriptions of seizure precursors to controlled studies applying prediction algorithms to continuous multi-day EEG recordings. While most of the studies published in the 1990s and around the turn of the millennium yielded rather promising results, more recent evaluations could not reproduce these optimistic findings, thus raising a debate about the validity and reliability of previous investigations. In this review, we will critically discuss the literature on seizure prediction and address some of the problems and pitfalls involved in the designing and testing of seizure-prediction algorithms. We will give an account of the current state of this research field, point towards possible future developments and propose methodological guidelines for future studies on seizure prediction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. fmormann@yahoo.de
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mormann
authors.forename: Ralph G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Andrzejak
authors.forename: Christian E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Elger
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lehnertz
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted