Comparison between therapeutic antitoxin F(ab)2 fractionated with ammonium sulfate and caprylic acid.
To date, animal derived therapeutic antibodies represent the best and only choice source of antitoxins, especially in developing countries. Furthermore, this industry needs to develop a production protocol to achieve safer products. Recently, several laboratories changed their production protocol from ammonium sulfate (AS) protocol to caprylic acid (CA) fractionation. Our results showed that using the CA protocol leads to improvement in the product quality, as assessed by the albumin and protein content decrease (from 4.75 to 3.54 g/dL and 0.64 to 0.18 g/dL, respectively), which yielded a purer antitoxin product. The F(ab)2 protein aggregate formation and turbidity have been significantly reduced, 4.60 versus 2.55 and 0.046 versus 0.021 (p < 0.01), respectively. However, the anti-complementary activity was also reduced, from 42 to 33. The total IgG content was higher in CA fractionated products than AS materials. The endotoxin content was worrisome in some F(ab)2 products.
Redwan
El-Rashdy M
el-RM
Antibody Laboratory, Protein Research Department, GEBRI, Mubarak City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Borg EL Arab, 21394, Alexandria, Egypt. redwan1961@yahoo.com
D000645:Ammonium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry*; D000937:Antigen-Antibody Reactions; D000992:Antitoxins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002210:Caprylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005590:Fractional Precipitation; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D011786:Quality Control; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D000992:Antitoxins; D002210:Caprylates; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C031492:octanoic acid; D000645:Ammonium Sulfate