title: Do recommended driving limits affect teen-reported traffic violations and crashes during the first 12 months of independent driving?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Motor vehicle crashes are highly elevated among newly licensed teenage drivers. Limits on high-risk driving conditions by driver licensing policies and parents can protect novice teens from negative driving outcomes, while they experience and driving proficiency. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of strict parent-imposed driving limits on driving outcomes during the first year of licensure.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 3,743 Connecticut teens was recruited and randomized to the Checkpoints Program or comparison condition. Assessments conducted at baseline, licensure, 3-, 6-, and 12-months postlicensure included parent-imposed driving limits, traffic violations, and crashes. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to assess the effects of strict parent limits on traffic violations and crashes during the first year of licensure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty percent of teens reported at least one traffic violation and 40% reported at least one crash. More strict parent-imposed limits at licensure, 3-, 6-, and 12-months postlicensure, were associated with fewer violations and crashes in multivariate analyses. Notably, adherence to recommended night curfew was consistently associated with fewer violations and crashes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings indicate that strict parent-imposed limits may protect novice teen drivers from negative driving outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Prevention Research Branch, DESPR, NICHD, Bethesda, MD, USA. mortonb@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Simons-Morton
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hartos
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Leaf
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Preusser
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000193:education / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D003237:Connecticut; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008004:Licensure / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D012449:Safety