title: Comparison of two endoscopically assisted procedures in primary surgical treatment of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children older than 3 years: balloon dilatation and bicanalicular silicone tube intubation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the success of two transnasally endoscopic assisted procedures as balloon dilatation and bicanalicular silicone tube intubation for the primary surgical treatment of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children older than 3 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  An interventional case series of consecutive primary endoscopic assisted balloon dilatation (BD) and bicanalicular silicone tube intubation (STI) for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children older than 3 years was reviewed. BD was performed in 20 eyes of 17 patients and STI was performed 24 eyes of 20 patients. Clinical success was defined as a complete remission of epiphora at the end of follow-up period of 12 months and a continuation of the remission at least for 4 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen out of 20 eyes (90%) nasolacrimal ducts responded to BD whereas the rate was 15 out of 24 eyes (62.5%) in STI group. No significant complications occured in BD group while the complication rate in STI group was 8 out of 24 eyes (33.3%). chi(2)-Statistical analysis showed significantly better results for BD in clinical success and complication rates than those of STI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BD should be the first choice therapy instead of invasive approaches with high rate of complications and lower success rates such as silicone intubation, in patients who are older than 3 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ministry of Health Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. ceylankursat@ttnet.net.tr
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ceylan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yuksel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duman
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Samim
mesh_terms: D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy; D004724:Endoscopy; D006801:Humans; D007440:Intubation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D007767:Lacrimal Duct Obstruction / Q000151:congenital; D009301:Nasolacrimal Duct / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D012826:Silicone Elastomers