Reovirus strain-dependent inflammatory cytokine responses and replication patterns in a human monocyte cell line.
Mammalian Orthoreoviruses are important models for studies of viral pathogenesis. In the rat lung, Reovirus strain type 3 Dearing (T3D) induces substantially more inflammation than does strain type 1 Lang (T1L). To better understand mechanisms underlying differences in the host inflammatory response elicited by T1L and T3D, we characterized cytokine expression patterns induced by those strains after infection of THP-1 monocyte cells. THP-1 cells were adsorbed with either viable or ultraviolet- inactivated T1L and T3D and assayed for mRNA and protein production of growth-regulated oncogene-alpha (GRO-alpha), interleukin-8 (IL-8), or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). T3D stimulated mRNA and protein production of all three cytokines, whereas T1L stimulated mRNA and protein production of IL-8 and TNF-alpha but not GRO-alpha. In each case, T3D induced greater cytokine mRNA and protein expression than did T1L. Nonviable virus did not stimulate detectable cytokine secretion, suggesting a requirement for viral RNA synthesis in cytokine induction by THP-1 cells. A greater percentage of THP-1 cells was infected with T1L than T3D as assessed by infectious center assay, and T1L achieved higher yields of infectious progeny than did T3D in infected THP-1 cells as determined by plaque assay. These strain-dependent differences in cytokine responses and corresponding replication patterns in monocyte cells parallel findings made in studies of rat models of pneumonia and provide clues about how Reovirus interfaces with the host innate immune response to produce pulmonary disease.
Farone
Anthony L
AL
Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, USA. afarone@mtsu.edu
O'Donnell
Sean M
SM
Brooks
Chad S
CS
Young
Kristel M
KM
Pierce
Janene M
JM
Wetzel
J Denise
JD
Dermody
Terence S
TS
Farone
Mary B
MB
D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D012089:Mammalian orthoreovirus 3 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000821:virology*; D030102:Orthoreovirus, Mammalian / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D014779:Virus Replication
D016207:Cytokines