title: Induction of G2 arrest and apoptosis of raji cells by continuous low-dose beta irradiation with 188Re-perrhenate.
abstract: Continuous irradiation with exponentially reducing beta-rays induces cell death, known as apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the G2 arrest and apoptosis caused by the beta-ray emitted by the radioisotope (188)Re. Doses of 0.4 Gy (3.7 MBq), 4 Gy (37 MBq), and 40 Gy (370 MBq), were added to Blymphoma Raji cells, and cell viability, apoptosis, and DNA cell-cycle changes were assayed. (188)Re showed time- and dose-dependent effects on cell viability and on cell apoptosis and necrosis. At a (188)Re dose of 0.4 Gy, G(2) cell-cycle arrest was observed after 16 hours, and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining indicated a slow, time-dependent increase in apoptotic bodies. At a (188)Re dose of 40 Gy, DNA fragmentation was observed at 2 hours, indicative of early damage in the nucleus. In summary, our results showed that continuous irradiation with low-dose beta-rays induced G(2) arrest and progressive apoptosis, which may be characteristic mechanisms of radionuclide therapy.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cyclotron Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Jeong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Eun Hee
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kwang Sun
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Wee Sup
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Chang Woon
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Sang Moo
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001610:Beta Particles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000528:radiation effects; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D016195:G2 Phase / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012211:Rhenium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D011868:Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C007293:DAPI; D012211:Rhenium