title: The economics of blood: gift of life or a commodity?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To calculate the costs of blood collection, testing, storage, and transfusion in Greece.
  
  
  METHODS
  Costing information was collected from two large public hospitals, in Athens and Crete, that also act as blood banks. Given that private health care accounts for 40 percent of total health spending, the same costs were also considered in a private setting by collecting key reagent cost data from a leading private hospital in Athens. Mainly direct costs were considered (advertising campaigns, personnel, storage and maintenance, reagent costs, transportation costs from blood bank to end-use hospitals, and cross-matching and transfusion costs in receiving hospitals) and some indirect costs (opportunity cost of blood donorship).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Captive donorship accounts for over 50 percent of the national blood supply. A unit of blood transfused would cost between Euro 294.83 and Euro 339.83 in public hospitals and could reach Euro 413.93 in a private facility. This figure may be an underestimate, as it excludes opportunity costs of blood transfusion for patients and the healthcare system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Blood has a significant cost to the health system. Policy makers and practitioners should encourage its rational use, build on current policies to further improve collection and distribution, encourage further volunteer donorship in Greece, and also consider alternatives to blood where the possibility exists.
authors.affiliation: LSE Health, London School of Economics, UK. p.g.kanavos@lse.ac.uk
authors.forename: Panos
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kanavos
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yfantopoulos
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vandoros
authors.forename: Costantina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Politis
mesh_terms: D000533:Altruism; D001771:Blood Banks / Q000191:economics*; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000191:economics*; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000191:economics*; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D006115:Greece; D016304:Hospitals, Private / Q000191:economics*; D006779:Hospitals, Public / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans