title: Permeability of enamel following light-activated power bleaching.
abstract: This study sought to ascertain whether in-office photocured bleaching techniques would increase permeability to enamel. A 7.1 mm2 circular area located in the middle third of the coronal portion of 90 human canines was isolated by applying an acid-resistant varnish to the remaining surfaces of the tooth. According to a randomized complete block design (n = 15), specimens were treated using a 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching product activated by an integrated LED/diode laser (LED/laser) source or a quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) light. Bleaching was accomplished by applying the 35% hydrogen peroxide agent to the enamel surface in three 10-minute sessions, conducted at one-week intervals over a period of three weeks. For the photocured bleached groups, a bleaching agent was applied to the specimen and irradiated with the LED/laser device or the QTH light for 30 seconds. Negative control groups were exposed to artificial saliva or irradiated by the LED/laser device or the QTH light. Specimens were subjected to a histochemical coloring method that employed copper sulfate and dithio-oxamide solutions. Three 300-microm thick sections taken from the exposed area were imaged in an optical microscope. Permeability was measured in the digitized images as the percentage of copper ions penetration over the total enamel thickness. Friedman's test (alpha = 0.05) showed significant difference among groups. Least significant difference test revealed that in comparison with the group treated with 35% hydrogen peroxide only, there was no significant increase in enamel permeability when bleaching was activated by either the LED/laser or QTH light devices but all bleached groups showed higher permeability than the unbleached/nonirradiated group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cecilia P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Turssi
authors.forename: Renato J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Schiavoni
authors.forename: Monica C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Serra
authors.forename: Izabel C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Froner
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003300:Copper / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003481:Cuspid; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000378:metabolism; D003745:Dental Enamel Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007834:Lasers / Q000009:adverse effects; D008027:Light / Q000009:adverse effects; D016877:Oxidants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D016877:Oxidants; D003300:Copper; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide