title: In vivo packaging of brome mosaic virus RNA3, but not RNAs 1 and 2, is dependent on a cis-acting 3' tRNA-like structure.
abstract: The four encapsidated RNAs of brome mosaic virus (BMV; B1, B2, B3, and B4) contain a highly conserved 3' 200-nucleotide (nt) region encompassing the tRNA-like structure (TLS) which is required for packaging in vitro (Y. G. Choi, T. W. Dreher, and A. L. N. Rao, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99:655-660, 2002). To validate these observations in vivo, we performed packaging assays using Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of RNAs and coat protein (CP) (P. Annamalai and A. L. N. Rao, Virology 338:96-111, 2005). Coexpression of TLS-less constructs of B1 or B2 or B3 and CP mRNAs in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves resulted in packaging of TLS-less B1 and B2 but not B3, suggesting that packaging of B3 requires the TLS in cis. This conjecture was confirmed by the efficient packaging of a B3 chimera in which the viral TLS was replaced with a cellular tRNA(Tyr). When N. benthamiana leaves were infiltrated with a mixture of transformants containing wild-type B1 (wtB1) plus wtB2 plus a TLS-less B3 (wtB1+wtB2+TLS-lessB3), the 3' end of progeny B3 was restored by heterologous recombination with that of either B1 or B2. This intrinsic cis-requirement of TLS in promoting B3 packaging was further confirmed when a mixture containing agrotransformants of TLS-less B1+B2+B3 was supplemented with either wtB4 or a 3' 200-nt or 3' 336-nt untranslated region (UTR) of B3. Northern blot analysis followed by sequencing of B3 progeny revealed that replication of TLS-less B3, but not TLS-less B1 or B2, was fully restored due to recombination with TLS from transiently expressed wtB4 or the B3 3' UTR. Collectively, these observations suggested that the requirement of a cis-acting TLS is distinct for B3 compared with B1 or B2.
authors.affiliation: University of California, Department of Plant Pathology, 3264 Webber Hall, Riverside, CA 925211-0122, USA.
authors.forename: Padmanaban
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Annamalai
authors.forename: A L N
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rao
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D017795:Bromovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000737:chemistry; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000821:virology; D019065:Virus Assembly / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012343:RNA, Transfer