title: Low-manpower checkpoints: can they provide effective DUI enforcement in small communities?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sobriety checkpoints can be effective in reducing alcohol-impaired driving. Checkpoints are underutilized, however, partially because police believe a large number of officers are required. This study evaluated the feasibility and impact of conducting small-scale checkpoints in rural communities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Law enforcement agencies in two counties agreed to conduct weekly checkpoints for one year. Two nonadjacent counties did not undertake additional checkpoints. Evaluation included public-awareness surveys and roadside surveys (including blood alcohol concentration [BAC] measurements) of weekend nighttime drivers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Relative to drivers in the comparison counties, the proportion of drivers in the experimental counties with BACs >0.05% was 70% lower. Drivers surveyed at driver's license offices in the experimental counties after program implementation were more likely to report seeing or passing through a checkpoint and were more aware of publicity on driving under the influence (DUI) enforcement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Small rural communities can safely and effectively conduct low-staff sobriety checkpoints on a weekly basis. Such programs can be expected to result in large reductions in drivers operating at higher BACs.
authors.affiliation: Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation, Calverton, Maryland, USA. lacey@pire.org
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lacey
authors.forename: Susan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kelley-Baker
authors.forename: Raamses P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Rider
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000097:blood / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000097:blood; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D009111:Local Government; D016015:Logistic Models; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012424:Rural Population; D014903:West Virginia
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D000431:Ethanol