title: Prevalence of retinopathy and microalbuminuria in pediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There has been a dramatic rise of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in the US pediatric population, yet the presence of retinopathy and microalbuminuria in this cohort has not yet been described.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the presence of retinopathy and microalbuminuria in a cohort of predominantly minority adolescents (African American and Caribbean Hispanic) with DM2.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty pediatric patients with DM2 were examined between July, 2001 and June, 2003 for the presence of retinopathy. Data were also collected regarding microalbuminuria, body mass index, HbA1c, and family history of DM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 40 patients examined, one patient (2.5%) had retinopathy, whereas nine (27.3%) had microalbuminuria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In young predominantly minority adolescents with DM2, retinopathy is rare, while microalbuminuria is common.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Samer E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Farah
authors.forename: Kenneth T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Wals
authors.forename: Ilana B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pisacano
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: DiMartino-Nardi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D017668:Age of Onset; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D017691:Caribbean Region / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin