title: Effects of 3-phosphoglycerate and other metabolites on the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase by LKB1-STRAD-MO25.
abstract: Skeletal muscle contraction results in the phosphorylation and activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by an upstream kinase (AMPKK). The LKB1-STE-related adaptor (STRAD)-mouse protein 25 (MO25) complex is the major AMPKK in skeletal muscle; however, LKB1-STRAD-MO25 activity is not increased by muscle contraction. This relationship suggests that phosphorylation of AMPK by LKB1-STRAD-MO25 during skeletal muscle contraction may be regulated by allosteric mechanisms. In this study, we tested an array of metabolites including, glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG), glucose 1-phosphate, glucose 1,6-bisphosphate, ADP, carnitine, acetylcarnitine, IMP, inosine, and ammonia for allosteric regulation. ADP inhibited both AMPK and LKB1-STRAD-MO25 actions, but probably is not important physiologically because of the low free ADP inside the muscle fiber. We found that 3-PG stimulated LKB1-STRAD-MO25 activity and allowed for increased AMPK phosphorylation. 3-PG did not stimulate LKB1-STRAD-MO25 activity toward the peptide substrate LKB1tide. These results have identified 3-PG as an AMPK-specific regulator of AMPK phosphorylation and activation by LKB1-STRAD-MO25.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Ellingson
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Chesser
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Winder
mesh_terms: D000091162:AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism*; D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / Q000378:metabolism*; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005988:Glyceric Acids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; C000629659:Cab39 protein, mouse; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D005988:Glyceric Acids; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; C518004:STRAD protein, mouse; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; C005156:3-phosphoglycerate; D011494:Protein Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C491654:Stk11 protein, mouse; D000091162:AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases