Root replacement using stentless valves in the small aortic root: a propensity score analysis.
BACKGROUND
Root replacement using a stentless bioprosthesis may be the optimal approach to avoid patient-prosthesis mismatch in patients with a small aortic root. Primary root replacement, however, is considered to be associated with increased surgical risk. We compared early outcome of full root replacement with a stentless bioprosthesis with that of aortic valve replacement with a stented bioprosthesis using propensity score-matching analysis.


METHODS
Of 231 patients undergoing elective, first-time aortic valve replacement with a small root (< or = 22 mm), 120 patients were selected using propensity score-matching analysis. They underwent either root replacement using a 23-mm stentless bioprosthesis (stentless group, n = 60) or supra-annular aortic valve replacement using a 21-mm stented bioprosthesis (stented group, n = 60). Preoperative characteristics and frequency of concomitant operations were identical.


RESULTS
Duration of operation (196 +/- 54 versus 174 +/- 49 minutes), cardiopulmonary bypass (112 +/- 36 versus 91 +/- 33 minutes), and aortic cross-clamping (76 +/- 21 versus 61 +/- 21 minutes) were significantly longer in the stentless group. However, the need for perioperative transfusion and the incidence of postoperative reexploration for bleeding (3% versus 8%) was lower, and ventilation time was shorter. Mean duration of intensive care and hospital stay were also significantly shorter (2.3 +/- 1.7 versus 4.0 +/- 3.9 days, 8.9 +/- 3.1 versus 12.4 +/- 5.7 days). In-hospital mortality was identical (5% each). No independent predictor for in-hospital mortality was identified.


CONCLUSIONS
Full root replacement using a stentless bioprosthesis does not increase postoperative morbidity or mortality of aortic valve replacement and may be advantageous in patients with a small aortic root.
Kunihara
Takashi
T
Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Homburg, Homburg, Germany.
Schmidt
Kathrin
K
Glombitza
Petra
P
Dzindzibadze
Vachtang
V
Lausberg
Henning
H
Schäfers
Hans-Joachim
HJ
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000601:surgery*; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome