title: The relationship between C-reactive protein and other cardiovascular risk factors in men and women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  C-reactive protein (CRP) has emerged as an important indicator of risk for cardiovascular disease. The impact of gender on the relationship between CRP and other cardiovascular risk factors, however, has not been thoroughly investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety men and 75 women participated in this study. Age, resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, body mass index, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and hs-CRP were ascertained. Maximal oxygen consumption was obtained via treadmill testing, and aortic stiffness was measured using magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Log hs-CRP level was significantly higher in the female subjects compared with the males subjects (0.86 +/- 0.67 mg/L vs 0.63 +/- 0.44 mg/L, respectively; P = .003). In the male group, Pearson product moment correlation analysis showed that log hs-CRP was not significantly correlated (P > .10) with any of the other variables of interest. In the female group, however, log hs-CRP was significantly correlated (P < .05) with total cholesterol (r = 0.30), low-density lipoprotein (r = 0.27), tryglycerides (r = 0.51), and body mass index (r = 0.36). Linear regression analysis determined that triglycerides and body mass index explained 30% of the variability in log hs-CRP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the relationship between CRP and other cardiac risk factors is different between apparently healthy men and women. The prognostic characteristics of CRP and the impact of statin therapy on CRP may therefore differ between men and women. Future research should be directed toward resolving this issue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0224, USA. raarena@vcu.edu
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arena
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Arrowood
authors.forename: Ding-Yu
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.forename: Shirley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Helm
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kraft
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014655:Vascular Resistance; D014768:Virginia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002097:C-Reactive Protein