title: Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work is to establish if the vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) could be used as a clinical test of vestibular function in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty normal hearing children, aged between 3 and 15 years, and classified in preschool and scholar group, have been investigated in order to study normal development of vestibular potentials and to define fundamental parameters of VEMPs, establishing normal data of latencies and amplitude ratio. Electromyographic activity of sternocleidomastoid muscle was recorded while children were laid supine on a bed and asked to raise their head off of the bed in order to activate their neck flexors bilaterally. The saccular receptors were acoustically stimulated with a logon of 500Hz at an intensity of 130dB peSPL presented monaurally through earphones. In each recording, we analysed latencies and amplitudes of the p13 and n23 waves and the amplitude ratio between the two ears.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VEMPs were normally detected in all subjects. In preschool group mean p13 and mean n23 latencies were, respectively, 16.13 (+/-2.12)ms and 21.17 (+/-2.77)ms; mean amplitude ratio was 28.49 (+/-18.10). In scholar group mean p13 and n23 were respectively 16.14 (+/-3.48)ms and 21.78 (+/-3.39)ms, while mean amplitude ratio 20.44 (+/-13.24). Comparison of latencies and amplitude ratio between the children groups and control adult group did not showed any significant differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, VEMPs could represent a valid and non-invasive technique able to investigate vestibular function in children and, in particular, vestibulo collic reflex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy. pmpicciotti@rm.unicatt.it
authors.forename: Pasqualina M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Picciotti
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fiorita
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Di Nardo
authors.forename: Lea
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calò
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Scarano
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paludetti
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004576:Electromyography; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000502:physiology; D016683:Supine Position / Q000502:physiology; D014724:Vestibular Function Tests