title: Robust analysis of 5'-transcript ends (5'-RATE): a novel technique for transcriptome analysis and genome annotation.
abstract: Complicated cloning procedures and the high cost of sequencing have inhibited the wide application of serial analysis of gene expression and massively parallel signature sequencing for genome-wide transcriptome profiling of complex genomes. Here we describe a new method called robust analysis of 5'-transcript ends (5'-RATE) for rapid and cost-effective isolation of long 5' transcript ends (approximately 80 bp). It consists of three major steps including 5'-oligocapping of mRNA, NlaIII tag and ditag generation, and pyrosequencing of NlaIII tags. Complicated steps, such as purification and cloning of concatemers, colony picking and plasmid DNA purification, are eliminated and the conventional Sanger sequencing method is replaced with the newly developed pyrosequencing method. Sequence analysis of a maize 5'-RATE library revealed complex alternative transcription start sites and a 5' poly(A) tail in maize transcripts. Our results demonstrate that 5'-RATE is a simple, fast and cost-effective method for transcriptome analysis and genome annotation of complex genomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Malali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gowda
authors.forename: Haumeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alessi
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pratt
authors.forename: Guo-Liang
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015723:Gene Library; D014644:Genetic Variation; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011061:Poly A / Q000032:analysis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012315:RNA Caps / Q000737:chemistry; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000737:chemistry; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000737:chemistry; D050436:Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA / Q000379:methods*; D024363:Transcription Initiation Site; D003313:Zea mays / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012315:RNA Caps; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018749:RNA, Plant; D011061:Poly A; D004247:DNA; C048422:endodeoxyribonuclease NlaIII; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific