title: Prenatal cadmium and ethanol increase amphetamine-evoked dopamine release in rat striatum.
abstract: To explore interactive deleterious effects of the teratogens ethanol and cadmium, pregnant rats were given cadmium (CdCl(2), 50 ppm) and/or ethanol (10%), or tap water (controls) in the drinking water for the entire 21 days of pregnancy. At 3 months after birth, in vivo microdialysis was used to determine that there was a 4000% evoked release of DA by AMPH (AMPH, 4.0 mg/kg i.p.) in the striatum of rats exposed prenatally to both ethanol and cadmium, vs. a 2000% evoked release by AMPH in rats exposed prenatally to only ethanol or cadmium or tap water. Haloperidol (HAL)-evoked DA release was suppressed in groups exposed prenatally to ethanol, while HAL-evoked DOPAC and HVA release was greatest after co-exposure to prenatal cadmium and ethanol. These in vivo microdialysis results indicate that ontogenetic co-exposure to cadmium, and ethanol produces a long-lived suppressive effect on HAL-evoked DA release and a long-lived enhancing effect on AMPH-evoked DA release in rat striatum. These findings clearly demonstrate that there is marked alteration in dopaminergic regulation after ontogenetic cadmium and ethanol co-exposure, which in this regard resembles the reaction of the striatonigral pathway on AMPH-evoked DA release in rats with behavioral sensitization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
authors.forename: Przemysław
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dabrowska
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bortel
authors.forename: Biedka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Izabela
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kostrzewa
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brus
mesh_terms: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006719:Homovanillic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D017551:Microdialysis / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D002104:Cadmium; D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; D000431:Ethanol; D000661:Amphetamine; D004298:Dopamine; D006719:Homovanillic Acid