title: In vitro study of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether niosomes for delivery of insulin.
abstract: In this study, niosomes of polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers (Brij) were prepared for encapsulation of insulin by film hydration method. Without cholesterol, brij 35 and brij 58 did not form niosomes, apparently because of relatively large polar head groups in comparison with their alkyl chains. The size of vesicles depended on the cholesterol content, charge incorporation or hydrophilicity of surfactants. Entrapment of insulin in bilayer structure of niosomes protected it against proteolytic activity of alpha-chymotrypsin, trypsin and pepsin in vitro. The maximum protection activity was seen in brij 92/cholesterol (7:3 molar ratios) in which only 26.3+/-3.98% of entrapped insulin was released during 24h in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). The kinetic of drug release for most formulations could be best described by Baker and Lonsdale equation indicating diffusion based delivery mechanism. These results indicate that niosomes could be developed as sustained release oral dosage forms for delivery of peptides and proteins such as insulin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 76175-493, Kerman, Iran. abpardakhty@kmu.ac.ir
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pardakhty
authors.forename: Jaleh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Varshosaz
authors.forename: Abdolhossein
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rouholamini
mesh_terms: D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D004355:Drug Stability; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000737:chemistry; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D007328:Insulin / Q000737:chemistry*; D007419:Intestinal Secretions / Q000737:chemistry; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010755:Organophosphates; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C002290:dicetylphosphate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D002784:Cholesterol