title: The NPAS3 gene--emerging evidence for a role in psychiatric illness.
abstract: NPAS3 is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix PAS domain class of transcription factors expressed in the brain. Evidence from a human chromosomal rearrangement and a mouse knock-out strain suggest that it may play a part in the aetiology of psychiatric illness. In this review, we describe evolutionary constraints on the NPAS3 gene, relevant functional studies from a related gene and the behavioural and hippocampal neurogenesis deficit observed in the mutant mouse. In addition, we speculate on the physiological regulation of NPAS3 and whether NPAS3 gene variation contributes to psychiatric illness at the population level.
authors.affiliation: Medical Genetics Section, School of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Medicine Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. ben.pickard@ed.ac.uk
authors.forename: Benjamin S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Pickard
authors.forename: Andrew A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Pieper
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Porteous
authors.forename: Douglas H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Blackwood
authors.forename: Walter J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Muir
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000235:genetics*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C502963:NPAS3 protein, human