title: Simultaneous determination of 8 HIV protease inhibitors in human plasma by isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography with combined use of UV and fluorescence detection: amprenavir, indinavir, atazanavir, ritonavir, lopinavir, saquinavir, nelfinavir and M8-nelfinavir metabolite.
abstract: A simple, accurate and fast method was developed for determination of the commonly used HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) amprenavir, indinavir, atazanavir, ritonavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, M8-nelfinavir metabolite and saquinavir in human plasma. Liquid-liquid extraction was used with hexane/ethylacetate from buffered plasma samples with a borate buffer pH 9.0. Isocratic chromatographic separation of all components was performed on an Allsphere hexyl HPLC column with combined UV and fluorescence detection. Calibration curves were constructed in the range of 0.025-10 mg/l. Accuracy and precision of the standards were all below 15% and the lowest limit of quantitation was 0.025 mg/l. Stability of quality control samples at different temperature conditions was found to be below 20% of nominal values. The advantages of this method are: (1) inclusion and determination of the newly approved atazanavir, (2) simultaneous isocratic HPLC separation of all compounds and (3) increased specificity and sensitivity for amprenavir by using fluorescence detection. This method can be used for therapeutic drug monitoring of all PIs currently commercialised and is now part of current clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg (K.U. Leuven), Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. rene.verbesselt@med.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verbesselt
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Van Wijngaerden
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Hoon
mesh_terms: D000069446:Atazanavir Sulfate; D002138:Calibration; D002219:Carbamates / Q000097:blood; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D004355:Drug Stability; D005453:Fluorescence; D005663:Furans; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D019469:Indinavir / Q000097:blood; D061466:Lopinavir; D019888:Nelfinavir / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000097:blood; D011725:Pyridines / Q000097:blood; D011744:Pyrimidinones / Q000097:blood; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000097:blood; D019258:Saquinavir / Q000097:blood; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000097:blood; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D002219:Carbamates; D005663:Furans; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; C517960:M8-nelfinavir; D009842:Oligopeptides; D011725:Pyridines; D011744:Pyrimidinones; D013449:Sulfonamides; D061466:Lopinavir; D000069446:Atazanavir Sulfate; C095108:amprenavir; D019469:Indinavir; D019888:Nelfinavir; D019258:Saquinavir; D019438:Ritonavir