title: Incidence of pericardial effusion in females stimulated in "in vitro fertilization" program.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the incidence of pericardial irritation in females after hormonal stimulation in in vitro fertilization program, and to set its clinical significance as a symptom of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine females, aged 30 +/- 5 years (20-46), with a normal echo finding prior to hormonal stimulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serial echocardiography: baseline A, in hCG application B, embryo-transfer C.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-nine, 39, and 35 echocardiography examinations were done on A, B, and C respectively. On B, in 7 (17.9%) of 39 patients either new pericardial effusion "1," increased pericardial echogenicity "2," or both "3" were detected (4 patients, 2 patients, and 1 patient, i.e., 10.3%, 5.1%, and 2.6% respectively.). On C, in 8 of 35 patients (22.8 %) abnormalities were detected: "1" in 2 patients (5.7 %), "2" in 1 patient (2.9 %), and "3" in 5 patients (14.2 %). No clinical symptoms related to these findings were present. No OHSS occurred in these patients. On the contrary, clinical OHSS developed later in 2 patients, classified as medium degree (1 patient) and severe degree (1 patient)-both patients had negative echo during follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Echocardiographic signs of mild pericardial irritation may appear also in patients with no clinical signs of OHSS. The incidence of these changes increases during stimulation procedure. Development of OHSS may not be preceded by the incidence of these warning signs. Consequently, routine echocardiographic examination during stimulation is not indicated, since significant pericardial effusion is rather a late sign of OHSS.
authors.affiliation: Ist Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc, I.P. Pavlova 6, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic. audiodan@centrum.cz
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marek
authors.forename: Eliska
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sovová
authors.forename: Jirí
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dostál
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Oborná
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kociánová
authors.forename: Stepán
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Machac
authors.forename: Miloslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Talas
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lukl
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brezinová
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018153:Czech Republic / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D016471:Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D010490:Pericardial Effusion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014463:Ultrasonography