title: Second hepatectomy for recurrent colorectal liver metastasis: analysis of preoperative prognostic factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Second hepatectomy is a potentially curative treatment for patients with hepatic recurrence of colorectal cancer. However, there is still no consensus about the patient selection criteria for second hepatectomy under these circumstances, and the factors affecting prognosis after second hepatectomy remain uncertain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinicopathologic data for 111 consecutive patients with colorectal liver metastasis who underwent second hepatectomy at a single institution between 1985 and 2004, and for whom complete clinicopathologic reports were available, were subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The morbidity and mortality rates were 14% and 0%, respectively, and the overall 5-year survival rate was 41%. Multivariate analysis revealed that synchronous resection for the first liver metastasis (hazard ratio, 1.8), more than three tumors at the second hepatectomy (1.9), and histopathological involvement of the hepatic vein and/or portal vein by the first liver metastasis (1.7) were independently associated with poor survival. We used these three risk factors to devise a preoperative model for predicting survival. The 5-year survival rates of patients without any risk factors, and with one, two, or three risk factors, were 62%, 38%, 19%, and 0%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Second hepatectomy is beneficial for patients without any risk factors. Before second hepatectomy, chemotherapy should be considered for patients with any of these risk factors, especially with two or three factors, in the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting to prolong survival. These results need to be confirmed and validated in another data set or future prospective trial according to the scoring scheme we outline.
authors.affiliation: Colorectal Surgery Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishiguro
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akasu
authors.forename: Yoshiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kosuge
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Moriya
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006503:Hepatic Veins; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000601:surgery*; D011169:Portal Vein; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor