title: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy--transient left ventricular apical ballooning mimicking acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction with clinical symptoms of chest pain, electrocardiographic changes of ST-segment elevation or T wave inversion, which mimics acute myocardial infarction in patients without angiographically significant coronary artery stenosis. We report a 75-year-old woman with a history of chest tightness who presented with typical pictures of takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Acute myocardial infarction was initially diagnosed based on the electrocardiographic changes and elevated troponin. Apical akinesis and ballooning with basal hyperkinesis were noted during left ventriculography. Coronary angiography, however, did not show significant coronary artery stenosis. Electrocardiography was normal 3 months later. Follow-up echocardiography did not show any wall motion abnormality. This patient remained well without chest pain or dyspnea over 24 months of follow-up. Optimal medical management of takotsubo cardiomyopathy remains unclear. This patient received diltiazem to prevent possible coronary artery spasm. The prognosis of this syndrome seems to be favorable except for occasional mortality due to left ventricular rupture or ventricular arrhythmia. Recurrence of this syndrome is rare.
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiovascular Disease, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yung-Lung
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tung-Hong
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D015637:Gated Blood-Pool Imaging; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014336:Troponin / Q000097:blood; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D014336:Troponin