title: Effect of verteporfin photodynamic therapy on endostatin and angiogenesis in human choroidal neovascular membranes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) on endostatin with regard to expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVs) secondary to age-related macular degeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of an interventional case series of 68 patients who underwent removal of CNV. 29 patients were treated with PDT 3-655 days before surgery. 39 CNVs without previous treatment were used as controls. CNVs were stained for CD34, CD105, Ki-67, cytokeratin 18, endostatin, E-selectin and VEGF. "Predominance score of VEGF over endostatin" (mean) was defined as the difference between VEGF and endostatin staining scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In four CNVs treated by PDT 3 days previously, PS was significantly higher in the retinal pigment epithelium (mean = 2.5, p = 0.006) and stroma (mean = 2, p = 0.015) than in the control group (mean = 0). At longer post-PDT intervals, PS was significantly decreased in the retinal pigment epithelium (mean = 0, p = 0.019) and stroma (mean = 0, p = 0.015). Proliferative activity was high (p = 0.023), but mostly related to inflammatory cells. PDT did not influence E-selectin expression significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VEGF predominance over endostatin early after PDT might contribute to enhanced angiogenic activity associated with recurrences. Strategies upregulating or replacing endostatin early after PDT might increase the effectiveness of PDT.
authors.affiliation: University Eye Hospital, Centre for Ophthalmology of Eberhard-Karls University, Schleichstrasse 12-15, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Olcay
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tatar
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinoda
authors.forename: Annemarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: Tillmann
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eckert
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eckardt
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lucke
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deuter
authors.forename: Karl Ulrich
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Bartz-Schmidt
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grisanti
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism; D043169:Endostatins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000378:metabolism; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077362:Verteporfin
chemical_list: D019040:E-Selectin; D043169:Endostatins; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000077362:Verteporfin