title: Surveillance of the colorectal cancer disparities among demographic subgroups: a spatial analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The literature suggests that colorectal cancer mortality in Texas is distributed inhomogeneously among specific demographic subgroups and in certain geographic regions over an extended period. To understand the extent of the demographic and geographic disparities, the present study examined colorectal cancer mortality in 15 demographic groups in Texas counties between 1990 and 2001.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Spatial Scan Statistic was used to assess the standardized mortality ratio, duration and age-adjusted rates of excess mortality, and their respective p-values for testing the null hypothesis of homogeneity of geographic and temporal distribution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study confirmed the excess mortality in some Texas counties found in the literature, identified 13 additional excess mortality regions, and found 4 health regions with persistent excess mortality involving several population subgroups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Health disparities of colorectal cancer mortality continue to exist in Texas demographic subpopulations. Health education and intervention programs should be directed to the at-risk subpopulations in the identified regions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public and Community Health, University of Maryland, College Park, 2371 HHP Building, Valley Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA. edhsu@umd.edu
authors.forename: Chiehwen Ed
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Francisco Soto
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Mas
authors.forename: Jessica M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hickey
authors.forename: Jerry A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Dejian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D044383:Black People; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People; D001741:Black or African American