title: Effectiveness of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (first stage of biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch) on co-morbidities in super-obese high-risk patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We evaluated laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on major co-morbidities (hypertension, type 2 diabetes / impaired glucose tolerance, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and on American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) operative risk score in high-risk super-obese patients undergoing two-stage laparoscopic biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (LBPD-DS).
  
  
  METHODS
  41 super-obese high-risk patients (mean BMI 57.3+/-6.5 kg/m(2), age 44.6+/-9.7 years) were entered into a prospective study (BMI > or = 60, or BMI > or = 50 with at least two severe co-morbidities, no Prader-Willi syndrome, no conversion, minimum follow-up 12 months). 9 patients had BMI > or = 60. 17 patients (41.4%) had OSAS on C-PAP therapy. In 10 patients, at least one intragastric balloon had been positioned and 4 had undergone laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, all with unsatisfactory results. At surgery, 41.5% were classified ASA 4 and 58.5% as ASA 3 (mean ASA score 3.4+/-0.5). Patients underwent evaluation every 3 months postoperatively and were restaged at 12 months and/or before the second step.
  
  
  RESULTS
  60% of major co-morbidities were cured and 24% improved. Average BMI after 6 and 12 months was 44.5+/-8.1 and 40.8+/-8.5 respectively (mean follow-up 22.2+/-7.1 months). After 12 months, 57.8% of the patients were co-morbidity-free and 31.5% had only one major co-morbid condition. At restaging, 20% of patients were still classified as ASA score 4 (OSAS on C-PAP therapy). 3 patients showed BMI <30 and were co-morbidity-free 12 months after LSG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LSG represents a safe and effective procedure to achieve marked weight loss as well as significant reduction of major obesity-related co-morbidities. The procedure reduced the operative risk (ASA score) in super-obese patients undergoing two-stage LBPD-DS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery P. Stefanini, University La Sapienza of Rome, Rome, Italy. gianfranco.silecchia@uniroma1.it
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Silecchia
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boru
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pecchia
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rizzello
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Casella
authors.forename: Frida
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Leonetti
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Basso
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015904:Biliopancreatic Diversion; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy; D044882:Glucose Metabolism Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome