title: Observations of biologically generated turbulence in a coastal inlet.
abstract: Measurements in a coastal inlet revealed turbulence that was three to four orders of magnitude larger during the dusk ascent of a dense acoustic-scattering layer of krill than during the day, elevating daily-averaged mixing in the inlet by a factor of 100. Because vertically migrating layers of swimming organisms are found in much of the ocean, biologically generated turbulence may affect (i) the transport of inorganic nutrients to the often nutrient-depleted surface layer from underlying nutrient-rich stratified waters to affect biological productivity and (ii) the exchange of atmospheric gases such as CO2 with the stratified ocean interior, which has no direct communication with the atmosphere.
authors.affiliation: School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Post Office Box 3055, STN CSC Victoria, BC, V8W-3P6, Canada. kunze@uvic.ca
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kunze
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Dower
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Beveridge
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dewey
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Bartlett
mesh_terms: D025041:Animal Migration; D000818:Animals; D033201:Euphausiacea / Q000502:physiology*; D009791:Oceanography; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D011156:Population Density; D012623:Seawater; D013550:Swimming; D014872:Water Movements