title: Utility of galectin 3 expression in thyroid aspirates as a diagnostic marker in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid neoplasms.
abstract: Galectin-3 is a 31kD beta-galactoside binding lectin, which is known to be expressed in various neoplasms including thyroid tumors. This study was conducted to study the role of galectin-3 in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules onfine needle aspirates (FNAC). Galectin-3 immuocytochemistry was performed in 70 cases with adequate smears. The cytology diagnosis of these cases was: papillary carcinoma (25), follicular neoplasm (16), adenomatous goiter (20), hyperplastic nodule (5), medullary carcinoma (5) and anaplastic carcinoma (1). Galectin-3 positivity was seen in 80% of papillary carcinomas, 37.5% offollicular neoplasms and in 60% of benign nodules. The single case of anaplastic carcinoma was positive but all the cases of medullary carcinoma were negativefor galectin-3. Three of thefollicular neoplasms that were diagnosed on histology as carcinoma were positive on cytology and one case offollicular adenoma was also positive. Our study shows that galectin-3 is strongly expressed in smears of papillary carcinoma. However, since it is also expressed in a variety of benign lesions, its role as a pre-surgical markerfor differentiating benignfrom malignant thyroid nodules is limited.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. manjuaron@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Manju
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aron
authors.forename: Kusum
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kapila
authors.forename: Kusum
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Verma
mesh_terms: D000047:Academies and Institutes; D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000473:pathology*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D037502:Galectin 3