title: Apical leakage of root-end placed SuperEBA, MTA, and Geristore restorations in human teeth previously stored in 10% formalin.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine if storage of extracted teeth in 10% formalin affects microleakage of MTA, Geristore, or SuperEBA root-end fillings. There were 130 freshly extracted single-rooted teeth collected, immediately placed in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and stored for less than 24 hours. Teeth were divided and either placed in 10% formalin for a 4-weeks immersion or immediately prepared. Preparation for all teeth consisted of canal instrumentation, obturation, apical resection, retrograde preparation, and placement of a root-end filling material. After 72 hours, the apical portions were immersed in India ink under vacuum pressure for 30 minutes, and then stored in ink for 1 week. Negative controls and positive controls performed as expected. In general, there was significantly less dye leakage of root-end restorations in teeth stored in 10% formalin when compared to the freshly extracted teeth (p < 0.0001). No difference in dye leakage was observed between Geristore restorations placed in teeth stored in formalin as compared to fresh teeth (p = 0.892). Less dye leakage was noted in teeth restored with Geristore as compared to MTA and SuperEBA, regardless of storage medium (p < 0.0001). No difference was observed between MTA and SuperEBA root-end restorations (p = 0.157). The results of this study provide evidence that storage of teeth in 10% formalin over a 4-week period may significantly influence dye leakage as compared to leakage in freshly extracted teeth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Keesler Medical Center, Keesler AFB, Biloxi, Mississippi 39534-2567, USA.
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pichardo
authors.forename: Scott W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Brian E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Bergeron
authors.forename: Billie G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Jeansonne
authors.forename: Rick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rutledge
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D001047:Apicoectomy; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002244:Carbon; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000737:chemistry*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry*; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007101:Immersion; D008422:Materials Testing; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D012117:Resins, Synthetic / Q000737:chemistry; D012184:Retrograde Obturation; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D012389:Root Canal Obturation; D018915:Root Canal Preparation; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D014081:Tooth Extraction
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D004202:Disinfectants; D004338:Drug Combinations; C074933:Geristore; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D010087:Oxides; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C028433:chinese ink; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D005557:Formaldehyde; D002244:Carbon; C084074:Super EBA