title: Treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 with peginterferon alfa-2a: impact of bilharziasis and fibrosis stage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate pegylated interferon alpha2a (PegIFN-alpha2a) in Egyptian patients with HCV genotype 4, and the impact of pretreatment viral load, co-existent bilharziasis and histological liver changes on response rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 73 naive patients (61 with history of bilharziasis) with compensated chronic HCV genotype 4 were enrolled into: group A (38 patients) who received 180 mg PegIFN-alpha2a subcutaneously once weekly for a year and group B (35 patients) received IFN alpha-2a 3 MU 3 times weekly. Ribavirin was added to each regimen at a dose of 1200 mg. Patients were followed for 72 wk and sustained response was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant improvement in both end of treatment response (ETR) (P < 0.002) and sustained response (SR) (P < 0.05) was noted with pegylated interferon, where ETR was achieved in 29 (76.3%) and 14 patients (40%) in both groups respectively, and 25 patients in group A (65.8%) and 9 (25.7%) in group B could retain negative viraemia by the end of follow up period. Sustained virological response (SVR) showed a significant negative correlation with age and positive correlation with pretreatment inflammation in patients receiving PegIFN. Viral clearance after 3 mo of therapy was associated with high incidence of ETR and SR (P < 0.001), but without significant difference between both forms of interferon. Significant improvement in response was achieved in patients with high grade fibrosis (grade 3 and 4) with PegIFN-alpha2a, where SR was seen in 5 out of 13 patients in group A, but none in group B. There was no significant difference in response between bilharzial and non-bilharzial patients in both groups. In terms of safety and tolerability, neutropenia was the predominant side effect; both drugs were comparable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PegIFN-alpha2a combined with ribavirin results in improvement in sustained response in HCV genotype 4, irrespective of history of bilharzial infestation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. mod2002@qatar-med.cornell.edu
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Derbala
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Al Kaabi
authors.forename: N Z
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: El Dweik
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pasic
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Butt
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yakoob
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Marri
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Amer
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bener
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012547:Schistosoma / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012552:Schistosomiasis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a