title: Microarray detection of human parainfluenzavirus 4 infection associated with respiratory failure in an immunocompetent adult.
abstract: A pan-viral DNA microarray, the Virochip (University of California, San Francisco), was used to detect human parainfluenzavirus 4 (HPIV-4) infection in an immunocompetent adult presenting with a life-threatening acute respiratory illness. The virus was identified in an endotracheal aspirate specimen, and the microarray results were confirmed by specific polymerase chain reaction and serological analysis for HPIV-4. Conventional clinical laboratory testing using an extensive panel of microbiological tests failed to yield a diagnosis. This case suggests that the potential severity of disease caused by HPIV-4 in adults may be greater than previously appreciated and illustrates the clinical utility of a microarray for broad-based viral pathogen screening.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
authors.forename: Charles Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Silvi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rouskin
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koshy
authors.forename: Anatoly
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urisman
authors.forename: Kael
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yagi
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schnurr
authors.forename: Paul B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Eckburg
authors.forename: Lucy S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Tompkins
authors.forename: Brian G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Blackburn
authors.forename: Jason D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Merker
authors.forename: Bruce K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ganem
authors.forename: Joseph L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: DeRisi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001990:Bronchiolitis, Viral / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D029482:Parainfluenza Virus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000175:diagnosis*; D019351:Rubulavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D012698:Serologic Tests / Q000379:methods; D015898:Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed