title: Considerations in fluids and electrolytes after traumatic brain injury.
abstract: Appropriate fluid management of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) presents a challenge for many clinicians. Many of these patients may receive osmotic diuretics for the treatment of increased intracranial pressure or develop sodium disturbances, which act to alter fluid balance. However, establishment of fluid balance is extremely important for improving patient outcomes after neurologic injury. The use of hyperosmolar fluids, such as hypertonic saline, has gained significant interest because they are devoid of dehydrating properties and may have other beneficial properties for patients with TBI. Electrolyte derangements are also common after neurologic injury, with many having neurologic manifestations. In addition, the role of electrolyte abnormalities in the secondary neurologic injury cascade is being delineated and may offer a potential future therapeutic intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wayne State University, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. drhoney@wayne.edu
authors.forename: Denise H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Rhoney
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parker
mesh_terms: D001929:Brain Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004234:Diuretics, Osmotic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D019586:Intracranial Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004234:Diuretics, Osmotic; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium