Synthesis of palmitoylated Ras-peptides and -proteins.
In this review, an overview is given and details are provided for the synthesis of lipidated Ras (rat-adeno-sarcoma)-peptides and -proteins. The progress made in the synthesis of the lipidated peptides from the Ras superfamily is discussed with special emphasis on the recently developed solid-phase synthesis methods, since these methods have turned out to be the preferred synthesis method for the majority of the required peptides. Solid-phase lipopeptide synthesis has given access to native and modified peptides on a scale that allows peptide-consuming studies like for ligation to proteins and concomitant X-ray crystal structure determination. The access to these peptides has also enabled biological questions concerning these peptides and proteins to be resolved. The review describes different solid-phase methods, which are individually suited for different types of lipopeptides, differing for example in lipidation pattern or amino acid side-chain functionality, and their ligation to proteins. Finally, an example is provided how these peptides can serve to resolve biological aspects of the Ras family GTPases.
Brunsveld
L
L
Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Str. 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
Kuhlmann
J
J
Waldmann
H
H
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
D008074:Lipoproteins; D010455:Peptides; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D018631:ras Proteins