title: Increased fMRI responses during encoding in mild cognitive impairment.
abstract: Structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed on 21 healthy elderly controls, 14 subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 15 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) to investigate changes in fMRI activation in relation to underlying structural atrophy. The fMRI paradigm consisted of associative encoding of novel picture-word pairs. Structural analysis of the brain was performed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and hippocampal volumetry. Compared to controls, the MCI subjects exhibited increased fMRI responses in the posterior hippocampal, parahippocampal and fusiform regions, while VBM revealed more atrophy in MCI in the anterior parts of the left hippocampus. Furthermore, the hippocampal volume and parahippocampal activation were negatively correlated in MCI, but not in controls or in AD. We suggest that the increased fMRI activation in MCI in the posterior medial temporal and closely connected fusiform regions is compensatory due to the incipient atrophy in the anterior medial temporal lobe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Neurology, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hämäläinen
authors.forename: Maija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pihlajamäki
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanila
authors.forename: Tuomo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hänninen
authors.forename: Eini
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Niskanen
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tervo
authors.forename: Pasi A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Karjalainen
authors.forename: Ritva L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Vanninen
authors.forename: Hilkka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soininen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003071:Cognition; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male