title: The gene encoding transforming growth factor beta 1 confers risk of ischemic stroke and vascular dementia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in cerebrovascular pathophysiology with protective activity against ischemia-induced neuronal death. We investigated the association of the polymorphism in TGFB1 with ischemic stroke and vascular dementia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three sequence variants in and around promoter and exons of TGFB1 gene were identified in 30 Koreans. Pro10Leu was selected for association study, and then control subjects (n=207) and patients with ischemic stroke (n=271) and vascular dementia (n=207) were screened.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects carrying Leu/Leu were susceptible to both ischemic stroke (odds ratio [OR]=1.63; P<0.05) and vascular dementia (OR=1.88; P<0.01). Analyses with stroke subtypes showed a strong association with small vessel occlusion (SVO, n=110; OR=2.07; P<0.01). Further analysis of SVO data partitioned by gender revealed the female-specific association with Pro10Leu (OR=2.70; P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Pro10Leu of TGFB1 might be a risk factor of ischemic stroke and vascular dementia, especially for SVO in females.
authors.affiliation: Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, 1605-4 Gwanyang-dong, Dongan-gu, Anyang, Kyonggi-do 431-060, South Korea.
authors.forename: Younyoung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chaeyoung
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000235:genetics*; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000235:genetics*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1