title: Cardiac resynchronization treatment of heart failure.
abstract: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is well established as a treatment for patients with moderate to severe heart failure on optimal medical therapy. Early studies demonstrated improved functional capacity and evidence of reverse remodeling; more recently, CRT has been associated with a survival benefit in advanced heart failure both with and without a defibrillator. We review the eight landmark trials in CRT. To date, criteria have focused on electrical delay, but echocardiographic parameters emphasize the importance of mechanical delay or ventricular dyssynchrony. With the exponential rise in implants, new issues have emerged, such as optimal device programming, identifying appropriate candidates, and accounting for cases without clinical benefit from CRT.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1252, USA. Ayesha.Hasan@osumc.edu
authors.forename: Ayesha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Abraham
mesh_terms: D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004554:Electric Countershock; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016896:Treatment Outcome