title: The effectiveness of different acid irrigating solutions in root canal cleaning after hand and rotary instrumentation.
abstract: The goal of this study was to evaluate the cleaning ability of three acid irrigating solutions after hand and rotary instrumentation. Eighty human teeth were randomly divided in eight groups. Four groups were prepared with hand instrumentation and other four with ProTaper. The irrigating solutions were 15% citric acid plus 2.5% NaOCl; 15% EDTA plus 2.5% NaOCl; 5% orthophosphoric acid plus 2.5% NaOCl; and 2.5% NaOCl alone as control. Canal walls were observed with scanning electron microscopy, and photomicrographs were taken in apical, middle, and coronal thirds. A scoring system for debris and smear layer was used. Acid solutions with 2.5% NaOCl were effective in the elimination of smear layer or debris, and no significant differences were showed in smear layer removal between techniques. However, 2.5% NaOCl did not remove smear layer or debris, and no significant differences in debris were observed between manual and rotary techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Pathology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Granada-Spain, Campus de Cartuja, Granada, Spain. cferrer@ugr.es
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pérez-Heredia
authors.forename: Carmen María
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ferrer-Luque
authors.forename: María Paloma
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: González-Rodríguez
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids; D000328:Adult; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008875:Middle Aged; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010784:Photomicrography; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016369:Smear Layer; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D002614:Chelating Agents; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D019343:Citric Acid; D004492:Edetic Acid; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; C030242:phosphoric acid