title: Should 'Cyrus the Centipede' take a hike? Effects of exposure to a pedestrian safety program on children's safety knowledge and self-reported behaviors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We report the first evaluation of the popular "Cyrus the Centipede" child pedestrian safety program.
  
  
  METHODS
  A pre-test/post-test control versus experimental condition design was used to assess Cyrus' impact on third graders' pedestrian safety knowledge, and self-reported pedestrian behaviors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although some beneficial effects were observed, the program was not reliably effective. In particular, the impact of exposure to Cyrus was strongly influenced by the individual teacher who delivered it, likely due to the highly unstructured nature of the curriculum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that: (a) the effectiveness and reliability of such programs be demonstrated before they are widely adopted; and (b) programs that focus on training children in actual or simulated traffic environments may be more effective than those that primarily focus on teaching safety facts and rules.
authors.affiliation: Children's Medical Center Dallas, 1935 Motor Street, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA. diane.berry@childrens.com
authors.forename: Diane S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: Claudia V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Romo
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001334:Automobile Driving; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D003479:Curriculum; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010174:Pamphlets; D016730:Program Development; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012449:Safety; D040241:Social Marketing; D013781:Texas; D016138:Walking / Q000293:injuries / Q000523:psychology*