Pleural injury and pleurisy-induced progelatinase B/proMMP-9 is associated with markers of neutrophil degranulation.
OBJECTIVE
Progelatinase B/proMMP-9 has recently been identified as an indicator of pleural inflammation, presumably originating from granulocytes. The aim of this study was to verify the origin of progelatinase B by simultaneous estimation of specific markers of neutrophil recruitment and activation in pleural effusions following induced pleurisy and pleural injury.


METHODS
Sixty-three samples of pleural fluid from patients undergoing therapeutic talc pleurodesis (n = 8) and explorative thoracoscopy (n = 3) collected before and at different time intervals after the intervention were analyzed for progelatinase B and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)-gelatinase complex by substrate electrophoresis, for myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) by immunoadsorbent sandwich assay, as well as for leukocyte count, C-reactive protein (CRP) and total protein (TP).


RESULTS
A significant increase in free and NGAL-complexed progelatinase B, MPO and IL-8 was recorded within 48 h following treatment in all subjects. Progelatinase B was strongly correlated with NGAL-gelatinase complex (r = 0.88, p = 0.001), MPO (r = 0.81, p = 0.001), neutrophil count (r = 0.75, p = 0.01) and IL-8 (r = 0.71, p = 0.001), but not with CRP and TP.


CONCLUSIONS
The results support the neutrophil origin of the proenzyme, which confirms progelatinase B as an indicator of a local inflammatory reaction. Quantifying the inflammatory reaction may be helpful in the evaluation of both the technical variants of therapeutic pleurodesis and finer discrimination of paraneoplastic effusions.
Kotyza
J
J
Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Charles University, Plzen, The Czech Republic. jaromir.kotyza@lfp.cuni.cz
Bunatová
K
K
Pesek
M
M
Puzman
P
P
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000502:physiology*; D017364:Collagenases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004792:Enzyme Precursors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D018093:Gelatinases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010994:Pleura / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D010998:Pleurisy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D004792:Enzyme Precursors; D016209:Interleukin-8; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D009195:Peroxidase; D017364:Collagenases; D018093:Gelatinases; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C120487:pro-matrix metalloproteinase 9; C069860:progelatinase; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9