title: The alpha-adducin gene is associated with macrovascular complications and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: We examined the association between alpha-adducin 1 (ADD1) gene polymorphism (Gly460Trp) with macrovascular complications and mortality in type 2 diabetes in a Caucasian population aged >or=55 years. The study was part of the Rotterdam Study, a prospective population-based cohort study. ADD1 polymorphism was determined in 6,471 participants, including 599 patients with type 2 diabetes at baseline. The prevalence of hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients was 2.57 times higher in ADD1 TT carriers compared with GG carriers (95% CI 1.05-6.32, P = 0.03). Homozygous T carriers also had a higher mean common carotid intima media thickness (IMT) compared with GG carriers (mean difference 0.05 mm, P for trend = 0.03). In diabetic patients with hypertension, the risk of mortality was 1.83 times higher in homozygous T carriers compared with the GG genotype group (95% CI 1.07-3.16, P = 0.03). The increased risk was only present among TT carriers who did not use antidiabetes medication (hazard ratio 2.18 [95% CI 1.12-4.24], P = 0.02). The results of this population-based cohort study suggest that the ADD1 gene contributes to the risk of hypertension and increases mean common carotid IMT in patients with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, the study indicates that the ADD1 polymorphism could be useful in identifying hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients with a high risk of mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mojgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yazdanpanah
authors.forename: Fakhredin A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Sayed-Tabatabaei
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.forename: Yurii S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Aulchenko
authors.forename: Ben A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Oostra
authors.forename: Bruno H C
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Stricker
authors.forename: Huibert A P
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Pols
authors.forename: Steven W J
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lamberts
authors.forename: Jacqueline C M
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Witteman
authors.forename: Joop A M J L
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.forename: Cornelia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: van Duijn
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D000099291:Adducins
chemical_list: D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; D000099291:Adducins