title: A Rho-kinase inhibitor, Y-27632, reduces cholinergic contraction but not neurotransmitter release.
abstract: This study examined the effects of the selective Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632 [(+)-(R)-trans-4-(1-aminoethyl)-(4-pyridyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide dihydrochloride]) on cholinergic nerve-mediated contraction and neurotransmitter release in murine and guinea-pig isolated tracheal preparations. In tracheal preparations obtained from both species, Y-27632 shifted carbachol concentration-effect curves to the right and reduced the maximal contractile response. Repeated electrical field stimulation (EFS) evoked transient, consistent and reproducible contractions in murine and guinea-pig tracheal preparations. Y-27632 inhibited these cholinergic nerve-mediated contractions in a concentration-dependent manner. EFS (0.1-30 Hz) elicited frequency-dependent cholinergic nerve-mediated contractile responses. In murine tracheal preparations, Y-27632 (3 microM and 10 microM) shifted frequency-response curves to EFS to the right by 5.5 and 13.0 fold respectively and markedly reduced the maximal contractile response. In murine and guinea-pig tracheal preparations loaded with [(3)H]-choline, Y-27632 (10 microM) significantly increased the EFS-induced outflow of radioactivity from airway cholinergic nerves by 27% and 54% respectively. Thus, Y-27632 inhibited both carbachol-induced and cholinergic nerve-mediated contractile responses. Conversely, Y-27632 increased neurotransmitter release from airway cholinergic nerves. However, since antagonism of acetylcholine-induced contraction by Y-27632 overwhelmed the increased neurotransmitter release, the overall effect of this Rho-kinase inhibitor was to inhibit cholinergic nerve-mediated contraction.
authors.affiliation: Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. Lynette.Fernandes@uwa.edu.au
authors.forename: Lynette
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Aprile
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Self
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: Tracey
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sew
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Goldie
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010277:Parasympathomimetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D010277:Parasympathomimetics; D011725:Pyridines; C108830:Y 27632; D002217:Carbachol; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases