title: Survey of 1276 shoeprint impressions and development of an automatic shoeprint pattern matching facility.
abstract: 1276 shoeprints were collected at a scientific exhibition. Details regarding the age groups of the participants, style, size and manufacturer/brand of their shoes were recorded. The impressions were assigned to pattern groups showing that the most common pattern was present in only 1% of the population studied and most patterns were much less common. The impressions were digitized and a system developed for automatically sorting a database of images of outsole patterns in response to a reference image. The database images are ranked so that those from the same pattern group as the reference shoeprint are likely to be at the start of the list. A database of 486 complete shoeprint images belonging to 142 pattern groups was established with each group containing two or more examples. Tests of the system have shown that the first-ranked database image belongs to the same pattern group as the reference image 60% of the time and that a correct match appears within the first 5% of the ranked images 88% of the time. The system has translational and rotational invariance so that the spatial positioning of the reference shoeprint images does not have to correspond with the spatial positioning of the shoeprint images of the database. The performance of the system for matching partial shoeprints was also determined.
authors.affiliation: Forensic Science Laboratory, Garda Headquarters, Phoenix Park, Dublin 8, Ireland.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Hannigan
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Fleury
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Reilly
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: O'Mullane
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: deChazal
mesh_terms: D003418:Criminology / Q000379:methods*; D001330:Electronic Data Processing; D006801:Humans; D012775:Shoes