title: Endoscopic correction of vesicoureteric reflux--our thirteen years' experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We review our thirteen years' experience with the endoscopic treatment of primary vesicoureteric reflux (VUR).
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 81 patients with primary vesicoureteric reflux who were treated endoscopically. The study included 61 girls and 20 boys aged 3 - 15 years. Twenty-eight patients had unilateral reflux, and 53 patients had bilateral reflux. Endoscopic correction with Teflon paste was done in 64 patients, and endoscopic treatment with Deflux was done in 17 patients. A total of 134 ureters were treated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reflux was corrected in 87 ureters (64.9 %) after the first injection. The second injection resolved reflux in an additional 20 ureters (14.9 %). Reimplantation was necessary in 4 patients (4.9 %). Overall success rate of the endoscopic treatment was 85.0 %. Reflux was completely absent in 79.8 % of the treated patients, and 5.2 % of the patients had a decreased grade of reflux after the procedure. Treatment was unsuccessful in 3.0 % of the patients. In seven patients spontaneous resolution of the persisting reflux occurred. Endoscopic correction should be performed in all patients with grade two, three and four reflux. Grade one reflux should be treated conservatively, and grade five reflux should be treated surgically. Since Deflux is a biodegradable material, most of the patients should be treated bilaterally, even if they have only grade one reflux. Endoscopic correction of primary vesicoureteric reflux is an easy, simple, fast and safe procedure that, in most cases, prevents regurgitation of urine from the bladder to the upper parts of the urinary system.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Surgery Clinic Novi Sad, Serbia & Montenegro. zdragana@eunet.yu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zivkovic
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Varga
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003911:Dextrans / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D003911:Dextrans; C094535:deflux; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid