Effect of FGF and polylactide scaffolds on calvarial bone healing with growth factor on biodegradable polymer scaffolds.
Repair of bone defects remains a major concern in reconstructive surgery. Synthetic biodegradable polymers have been used as scaffolds for guided bone regeneration. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) promote cell growth, differentiation, and tissue maintenance factors. They can stimulate the proliferation of osteogenic cells and chondrocytes, and also promote angiogenesis. Acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors (FGF-1 and FGF-2, respectively) are the best known members of this protein family. To evaluate the healing of experimental bone defects using poly-L/D-lactide (PLDLA) 96/4 scaffolds and FGF-1, 18 adult rats were operated on. A 6-mm diameter critical size defect (CSD) was made in the calvarial bone of each rat. The animals were divided into three treatment groups: 1) Neither scaffold nor FGF was used (control group); 2) scaffold only; and 3) scaffold with FGF-1. Follow-up time was eight weeks. Samples were embedded in methylmethacrylate and 5-microm thick sections from the middle of each specimen were stained with modified Masson-Goldner method. The shape and size of defects were evaluated radiologically. New bone formation was measured histologically and histomorphometrically. Radiologically, in the control group the shape of the defects changed from round to oval and edges were blunt. In the other groups the defects were round with sharp edges. Histomorphometrically, mean surface area of bone trabeculae was 1.05 mm (SD +/- 0.25) in group 1 (no implant), 1.35 mm (SD +/- 0.52) in group 2 (implant) and 0.79 mm (SD +/- 0.34) in group 3 (implant and FGF-1). Histological examinations revealed no or little osteoid in the groups 1 and 2, whereas in the group 3 samples had little or moderate new bone formation. Accordingly, no clear benefit of using knitted PLDLA scaffolds combined with FGF-1 on the healing of calvarial critical size defects in rats could be demonstrated.
Gómez
García
G
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Korkiakoski
Seppo
S
González
Martín-Moro
MM
Länsman
Satu
S
Ellä
Ville
V
Salo
Tuula
T
Kellomäki
Minna
M
Ashammakhi
Nureddin
N
Arnaud
Eric
E
D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D016220:Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011859:Radiography; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*
D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D016220:Fibroblast Growth Factor 1; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide)