title: The probability of glaucoma from ocular hypertension determined by ophthalmologists in comparison to a risk calculator.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the ability of ophthalmologists to estimate an individual's risk of converting from ocular hypertension to glaucoma, and to compare these estimates to a risk calculator.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-Sectional Survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-one ophthalmologists estimated the probability of developing glaucoma of 4 factitious patients with ocular hypertension, after a didactic review of the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS) results. We compared the physician estimates to the probability estimates of a risk calculator on the basis of the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model of the OHTS results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average estimates given by the ophthalmologists (mean probability+/-SD) of developing glaucoma in 5 years for patient no. 1, patient no. 2, patient no. 3, and patient no. 4 were 6.5%+/-8.4 (range 1 to 50), 30.6%+/-20.5 (range 1 to 100), 7.1%+/-5.1 (range 0 to 20), and 21.1%+/-17.3 (range 1 to 80), respectively. The risk calculator estimated the probability of glaucoma in these same patients to be 13.7%, 53.8%, 5.1%, and 41.9%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ophthalmologists showed a high range of estimates for the probability of developing glaucoma in the same ocular hypertensive patients. This may lead to either under or over treatment of patients. Clinicians need a more exact method to determine the probability of glaucoma from ocular hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Glaucoma Service, Devers Eye Institute, Portland, OR 97210, USA.
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Mansberger
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Cioffi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011336:Probability; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*