title: The demand for prehospital advanced life support and the appropriateness of dispatch in Taipei.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Implementing prehospital advanced life support (ALS) services requires more medical and societal resources in training and equipment. The actual demand for ALS services in our communities was not clear. To ensure good use of expensive resources, it is important to evaluate the demand and appropriateness of ALS services before full-scale implementation takes place.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the rate and characteristics of demand for ALS, and the appropriateness of ALS dispatch of the emergency medical service (EMS) system in metropolitan Taipei City.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of the EMS records of Taipei City Fire Department from April 1999 to December 2000 was conducted. Stratified random sampling of all EMS records in the second week of January, April, July and October of 2000 were obtained, along with the corresponding ALS dispatch records. Retrospective ALS demand criteria, including the chief complaints, mechanisms of injury/illness, initial vital signs and types of care rendered, were developed to estimate the rate of ALS demand. ALS demand is expressed as the percentage of cases fulfilling ALS criteria over the total number of EMS cases. Appropriate ALS dispatches were those ALS dispatches determined as fulfilling the ALS demand criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the sampled 5433 EMS cases, 490 (9.02%) were determined as a demand for ALS care. ALS demands varied from region to region, and were higher during winter months and afternoon rush hours. There were 175 actual ALS dispatches, accounting for 3.22% of the sampled EMS services. The triage performance was suboptimal: the appropriateness of ALS dispatch was 37.14%; the overtriage rate was 72.86%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Around nine percent of EMS calls demand ALS services. The current triage performance for proper ALS dispatch was suboptimal. A correct ALS dispatch protocol and more dispatcher training programmes should be established in the communities to ensure best use of valuable ALS resources.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsung-Chien
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Ying-Ta
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Patrick Chow-In
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Chih-Hao
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Fuh-Yuan
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Zui-Shen
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Matthew Huei-Ming
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Shyr-Chyr
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wen-Jone
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Fang-Yue
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D022561:Advanced Cardiac Life Support / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012621:Seasons; D013624:Taiwan; D013997:Time Factors; D014218:Triage