title: Postencephalitic chronic granulomatous disease.
abstract: This report details the evolution of a case of herpes simplex encephalitis to chronic granuloma in a 13-year old female who, at the age of 8, suffered herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis. Eight months later, she developed an intracranial hypertension syndrome with the onset of a new lesion in the necrosed zone of her right temporal lobe, with no viral presence in the cerebrospinal fluid. The histologic characteristics were those of chronic granuloma with multinucleated giant cells and calcifications. Initially treated for neurosarcoidosis, the patient remained steroid-dependent for 4 years and the steroids could only be withdrawn by treatment with Infliximab. This type of evolutive pattern has probably been completely overlooked until now; it can only be accurately diagnosed by biopsy. It was initially mistaken for neurosarcoidosis.
authors.affiliation: Neuropediatric Unit, Hospital de Cruces, Vizcaya, Spain. jprats@heru.osakidetza.net
authors.forename: J M Prats
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Viñas
authors.forename: M J Martinez
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: A Garcia
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ribes
authors.forename: R Gaztañaga
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Expósito
authors.forename: F García
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Bragado
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001706:Biopsy; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D020803:Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000473:pathology; D006101:Granuloma, Giant Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D000069285:Infliximab; D019586:Intracranial Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D009336:Necrosis; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D003907:Dexamethasone; D000069285:Infliximab; D011241:Prednisone