title: Prevalence of mutations associated with higher levels of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Car Nicobar Island and Assam, India.
abstract: To assess sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine resistance (SPR), we describe here the dihydropteroate synthetase (DHPS) mutations among the Plasmodium falciparum isolates in which dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) mutations had recently been described by us (A. Ahmed, M. K. Das, V. Dev, M. A. Saifi, Wajihullah, and Y. D. Sharma, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 50:1546-1549, 2006). A majority of isolates from Car Nicobar island showed double DHPS mutations, whereas a majority of isolates from Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) and Assam contained the wild-type DHPS. Based on DHFR-DHPS mutations, the expected level of SPR was lowest in U.P., higher in Assam, and highest in Car Nicobar, suggesting that a region-wise drug policy is needed in India.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.
authors.forename: Anwar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Vanshika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lumb
authors.forename: Manoj K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Vas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dev
authors.lastname: Wajihullah
authors.forename: Yagya D
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D004094:Dihydropteroate Synthase / Q000235:genetics; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000469:parasitology*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D011739:Pyrimethamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013413:Sulfadoxine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013762:Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D003062:Codon; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D004338:Drug Combinations; C001205:fanasil, pyrimethamine drug combination; D013413:Sulfadoxine; D013762:Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase; D004094:Dihydropteroate Synthase; D011739:Pyrimethamine