title: Comparison between molecular epidemiology, geographical regions and drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from Iranian and Afghan patients.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and its associated risk factors. The susceptibilities of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were tested against four first-line antituberculous drugs and were typed by spoligotyping. Spoligotyping of M. tuberculosis strains resulted in 95 different patterns that were divided into three evolutionary groups (1-3). Eighty-six (90%) of the isolates had unique patterns that were reported for the first time. Interestingly, 9.4% of the strains belonged to the Beijing family. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was seen in group 1 of the evolutionary scenario. All M. tuberculosis isolates belonging to the Beijing family were associated with a resistance pattern. MDR was much higher in bacteria isolated from Afghan TB patients residing in Iran.
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. atrop_t@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Rashid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramazanzadeh
authors.forename: Parissa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Farnia
authors.forename: Nour
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Amirmozafari
authors.forename: Farideh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ghazi
authors.forename: Zeinab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ghadertotonchi
authors.forename: Jaber
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kamran
authors.forename: Frouzan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mirsaedi
authors.forename: Mohammadreza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masjedi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000346:Afghanistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015995:Prevalence; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D004977:Ethambutol; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin; D013307:Streptomycin