title: SARS-CoV spike protein-expressing recombinant vaccinia virus efficiently induces neutralizing antibodies in rabbits pre-immunized with vaccinia virus.
abstract: A vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is being intensively pursued against its re-emergence. We generated a SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike protein-expressing recombinant vaccinia virus (RVV-S) using highly attenuated strain LC16m8. Intradermal administration of RVV-S into rabbits induced neutralizing (NT) antibodies against SARS-CoV 1 week after administration and the NT titer reached 1:1000 after boost immunization with RVV-S. Significantly, NT antibodies against SARS-CoV were induced by administration of RVV-S to rabbits that had been pre-immunized with LC16m8. RVV-S can induce NT antibodies against SARS-CoV despite the presence of NT antibodies against VV. These results suggest that RVV-S may be a powerful SARS vaccine, including in patients previously immunized with the smallpox vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, The Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 3-18-22, Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8613, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitabatake
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yokochi
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Hisatoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shida
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kidokoro
authors.forename: Fukashi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Murai
authors.forename: Mai Quynh
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Kyosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsushima
authors.forename: Michinori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D007114:Immunization; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011817:Rabbits; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000235:genetics*; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C578557:spike glycoprotein, SARS-CoV