title: Illegal use of nitrofurans in food animals: Contribution to human salmonellosis?
abstract: Recent observations in Portugal of a remarkable incidence (65%) of Salmonella isolates from several sources (predominantly human and poultry) with decreased susceptibility to nitrofurantoin (MIC > or =64 mg/L), mostly comprising serogroup D isolates of Salmonella Enteritidis belonging to different phage types, suggest that illegal use of nitrofurans, especially in the poultry industry, might have contributed to the selection and prevalence of S. Enteritidis in food animals, and consequently to human salmonellosis in Portugal. Indiscriminate use of nitrofurans might also be implicated in the emergence of two multiresistant Salmonella Typhimurium clones disseminated throughout the country.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Antunes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peixe
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary / Q000494:pharmacology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005503:Food Additives / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009581:Nitrofurans / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009582:Nitrofurantoin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011174:Portugal / Q000453:epidemiology; D011200:Poultry / Q000382:microbiology; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012703:Serotyping
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; D005503:Food Additives; D009581:Nitrofurans; D009582:Nitrofurantoin