title: Retrotransposon suicide: formation of Ty1 circles and autointegration via a central DNA flap.
abstract: Despite their evolutionary distance, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae retrotransposon Ty1 and retroviruses use similar strategies for replication, integration, and interactions with their hosts. Here we examine the formation of circular Ty1 DNA, which is comparable to the dead-end circular products that arise during retroviral infection. Appreciable levels of circular Ty1 DNA are present with one-long terminal repeat (LTR) circles and deleted circles comprising major classes, while two-LTR circles are enriched when integration is defective. One-LTR circles persist when homologous recombination pathways are blocked by mutation, suggesting that they result from reverse transcription. Ty1 autointegration events readily occur, and many are coincident with and dependent upon DNA flap structures that result from DNA synthesis initiated at the central polypurine tract. These results suggest that Ty1-specific mechanisms minimize copy number and raise the possibility that special DNA structures are a targeting determinant.
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA. garfinke@ncifcrf.gov
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Garfinkel
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Stefanisko
authors.forename: Katherine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Nyswaner
authors.forename: Sharon P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Jangsuk
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Stephen H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hughes
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D017931:DNA Primers; D004270:DNA, Circular / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018626:Retroelements / Q000235:genetics*; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D048348:Reverse Transcription / Q000235:genetics*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics*; D020079:Terminal Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004270:DNA, Circular; D018626:Retroelements