title: Cardio-protective effects of Corocalm on acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the cardio-protective effects of Corocalm on acute myocardial ischemia in rats, and to explore its possible therapeutic mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The acute ischemic model was prepared by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in rats. The animals were divided into 6 groups, 8 in each group. The sham operated group underwent heart exposure without ligation and were treated with normal saline 3 ml/kg, while the other 5 groups, the model groups, consisted of acceptable acute ischemic model rats and were also treated with normal saline, with the Guanxin Capsule (GXC) group treated with refined GXC, 600 mg/kg, the low and high dose Corocalm groups treated with 85 mg/kg and 340 mg/kg of Corocalm respectively, and the Diltiazem group, treated with Diltiazem 5 mg/kg, with all the tested drugs prepared with normal saline into equal volume (3 ml/kg) and administrated once via duodenum 10 min before ligation. Myocardial infarction area was determined by the quantitative histological assay with nitroblue tetrazolium (N-BT) stain. And the levels of creatine phosphokinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were measured by biochemical assay and spectrophotometry respectively. Besides, the blood viscosity in another 50 rats was determined, who received for 7 successive days oral administration with different concentration of Corocalm or aspirin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It showed that low and high dose Corocalm could significantly reduce the infarction area, inhibit the increase of serum CK, LDH activity and MDA content, and enhance the SOD activity after ischemia/reperfusion. The whole blood viscosity at different shear rates in rats treated with high dose Corocalm was significantly lower than those treated with normal saline (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Corocalm has favourable protective effects on heart in ischemic condition, the effect of which might be through its actions in inhibiting CK and LDH activity, scavenging oxygen free radicals, and lowering blood viscosity.
authors.affiliation: Fundamental Medical Sciences Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. jianxun@ht.rol.cn.net
authors.forename: Jian-xun
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xin-zhi
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiao-bin
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Cheng-ren
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yang-hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xue-ying
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D001809:Blood Viscosity / Q000187:drug effects; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D003402:Creatine Kinase