title: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptor antagonists suppress the superior sagittal sinus-evoked activity of C1 spinal neurons responding to tooth pulp electrical stimulation in rats.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine whether there is a convergence of inputs from tooth pulp (TP) and the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) on rat C1 spinal neurons, and to examine the effects of iontophoretically applied N-methyl-D: -aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptor antagonists on the SSS-evoked activity of C1 neurons. Extracellular single unit-recordings were made from 20 C1 units responding to TP electrical stimulation with a constant temporal relationship to a digastric electromyogram signal, using a multibarrel electrode in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. Ninety percent of C1 neurons (18/20) responding to TP stimulation also responded to the SSS stimulation. These neurons were considered to be SSS-afferent inputs from Adelta-fibers (5.8 +/- 0.6 m/s; n = 18), based on the calculation of nerve conduction velocity. After the iontophoretic application (30, 50, and 70 nA) of an NMDA receptor blocker (5R-10S)-(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d] cycloheptene-5,10-imine hydrogen maleate (MK801) or a non-NMDA receptor blocker (6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione) (CNQX), the mean number of spikes responding to the SSS stimulation significantly decreased (30, 50, and 70 nA; P < 0.05). These results suggest that there is a convergence of inputs from SSS and TP afferents on C1 neurons; it is possible that both NMDA and non-NMDA receptors located on C1 neurons may be targets for the treatment of the trigeminal referred pain associated with migraine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan, m-takeda@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujimi
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.forename: Shigeji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
mesh_terms: D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000294:innervation*; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004576:Electromyography; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007478:Iontophoresis; D008297:Male; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000294:innervation; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D053591:Referred Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020671:Posterior Horn Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D014098:Toothache / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014277:Trigeminal Neuralgia / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione