title: Non-surgical treatment of esophageal achalasia.
abstract: Esophageal achalasia is an infrequent motility disorder characterized by a progressive stasis and dilation of the oesophagus; with subsequent risk of aspiration, weight loss, and malnutrition. Although the treatment of achalasia has been traditionally based on a surgical approach, especially with the introduction of laparoscopic techniques, there is still some space for a medical approach. The present article reviews the non-surgical therapeutic options for achalasia.
authors.forename: Vito
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Annese
authors.forename: Gabrio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bassotti
mesh_terms: D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D004931:Esophageal Achalasia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D001905:Botulinum Toxins