title: Randomized clinical trial of single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis for non-reconstructive breast surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to determine whether a single intravenous dose of 2 g flucloxacillin could prevent wound infection after primary non-reconstructive breast surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 618 patients undergoing local excision (n = 490), mastectomy (n = 107) or microdochectomy (n = 21). Patients were randomized to receive either a single dose of flucloxacillin immediately after the induction of anaesthesia or no intervention. Wound morbidity was monitored by an independent research nurse for 42 days after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of wound infection was similar in the two groups: 10 of 311 (3.2 percent) in the flucloxacillin group and 14 of 307 (4.6 percent) in the control group (chi(2) = 0.75, P = 0.387; relative risk 0.71, 95 percent confidence interval 0.32 to 1.53). The groups also had similar wound scores and rates of moderate or severe cellulitis. Wound infection presented a median of 16 days after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The administration of a single dose of flucloxacillin failed to reduce the rate of wound infection after non-reconstructive breast surgery.
authors.affiliation: School of Surgery and Pathology, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. jchall@cyllene.uwa.edu.au
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Willsher
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005436:Floxacillin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005436:Floxacillin