Genomic evolution of Hox gene clusters.
The family of Hox genes, which number 4 to 48 per genome depending on the animal, control morphologies on the main body axis of nearly all metazoans. The conventional wisdom is that Hox genes are arranged in chromosomal clusters in colinear order with their expression patterns on the body axis. However, recent evidence has shown that Hox gene clusters are fragmented, reduced, or expanded in many animals-findings that correlate with interesting morphological changes in evolution. Hox gene clusters also contain many noncoding RNAs, such as intergenic regulatory transcripts and evolutionarily conserved microRNAs, some of whose developmental functions have recently been explored.
Lemons
Derek
D
Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
McGinnis
William
W
D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D018628:Gene Dosage; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D023061:Gene Order; D005801:Genes, Homeobox; D006801:Humans; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000235:genetics*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics; D005810:Multigene Family; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D014714:Vertebrates / Q000235:genetics*
D035683:MicroRNAs; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D014157:Transcription Factors