title: Time dependence of protective post-exposure prophylaxis with human monoclonal antibodies against pathogenic SHIV challenge in newborn macaques.
abstract: In a primate model of postnatal virus transmission, we have previously shown that 1 h post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) with a triple combination of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nmAbs) conferred sterilizing protection to neonatal macaques against oral challenge with pathogenic simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV). Here, we show that nmAbs can also partially protect SHIV-exposed newborn macaques against infection or disease, when given as 12 or 24 h PEP, respectively. This work delineates the potential and the limits of passive immunoprophylaxis with nmAbs. Even though 24 h PEP with nmAbs did not provide sterilizing immunity to neonatal monkeys, it contained viremia and protected infants from acute disease. Taken together with our results from other PEP studies, these data show that the success of passive immunization depends on the nmAb potency/dose and the time window between virus exposure and start of immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferrantelli
authors.forename: Kathleen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Buckley
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.forename: Alistair
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chalmers
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Pei-Lin
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Alison L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hofmann-Lehmann
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Montefiori
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Cavacini
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katinger
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stiegler
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Harold M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: McClure
authors.forename: Ruth M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ruprecht
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D019562:Viral Load; D014766:Viremia
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015483:HIV Antibodies