Chemopreventive effect of celecoxib in oral precancers and cancers.
OBJECTIVE
Oral cancer has become an important health care problem in many countries. Because this disease develops slowly, early detection and intervention can greatly affect ultimate outcome. Celecoxib is a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor with significantly less toxicity. This study investigated the possibility of using it for chemoprevention of oral cancer at the early stages.


METHODS
Randomized animal study.


METHODS
Dysplastic lesions were induced in the buccal pouches of 47 hamsters by a 5 week painting of 9,10-dimethl-1,2-benzanthrancene (DMBA). Basal diets or diets containing 500 or 1,500 ppm of Celecoxib were orally given for 7 weeks. The T50 (50% incidence; i.e., the time to appearance of tumors in 50% of the hamsters) was observed, and volume of tumors was measured on day 1, 9, 19, 28, 35, and 48 with the Celecoxib treatment.


RESULTS
The T50 was 9, 19, and 28 days with the treatment in the control group, in the 500 ppm group, and in the 1,500 ppm group, respectively. It indicated that the Celecoxib treatment could delay progression of early lesion. The tumor measurement showed that this treatment was also effective in delaying tumor growth in both treatment groups. There was a difference in the treatment efficacy between the 500 ppm and 1,500 ppm of Celecoxib, indicating a dose-dependent efficacy.


CONCLUSIONS
Celecoxib is effective in delaying onset of early lesions induced by DMBA and in slowing growth of the tumors in hamster cheek pouches during the postinitiation stage. Its treatment efficacy appears to be dose dependent.
Feng
Lining
L
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boston Medical Center/Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Wang
Zhi
Z
D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene / Q000009:adverse effects; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens; D000068579:Celecoxib; D018890:Chemoprevention; D006224:Cricetinae; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D002273:Carcinogens; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D000068579:Celecoxib