Tumor hypoxia imaging with [F-18] fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography in head and neck cancer.
OBJECTIVE
Advanced head and neck cancer shows hypoxia that results in biological changes to make the tumor cells more aggressive and less responsive to treatment resulting in poor survival. [F-18] fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) positron emission tomography (PET) has the ability to noninvasively quantify regional hypoxia. We investigated the prognostic effect of pretherapy FMISO-PET on survival in head and neck cancer.


METHODS
Seventy-three patients with head and neck cancer had pretherapy FMISO-PET and 53 also had fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET under a research protocol from April 1994 to April 2004.


RESULTS
Significant hypoxia was identified in 58 patients (79%). The mean FMISO tumor/bloodmax (T/Bmax) was 1.6 and the mean hypoxic volume (HV) was 40.2 mL. There were 28 deaths in the follow-up period. Mean FDG standard uptake value (SUV)max was 10.8. The median time for follow-up was 72 weeks. In a univariate analysis, T/Bmax (P=0.002), HV (P=0.04), and the presence of nodes (P=0.01) were strong independent predictors. In a multivariate analysis, including FDG SUVmax, no variable was predictive at P<0.05. When FDG SUVmax was removed from the model (resulting in n=73 with 28 events), nodal status and T/Bmax (or HV) were both highly predictive (P=0.02, 0.006 for node and T/Bmax, respectively; P=0.02 and 0.001 for node and HV, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
Pretherapy FMISO uptake shows a strong trend to be an independent prognostic measure in head and neck cancer.
Rajendran
Joseph G
JG
Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Veterans' Administration Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle 98195, USA. rajan@u.washington.edu
Schwartz
David L
DL
O'Sullivan
Janet
J
Peterson
Lanell M
LM
Ng
Patrick
P
Scharnhorst
Jeffrey
J
Grierson
John R
JR
Krohn
Kenneth A
KA
D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008920:Misonidazole / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D016019:Survival Analysis
C031843:fluoromisonidazole; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D008920:Misonidazole