title: Bioassay-guided isolation of antiatherosclerotic phytochemicals from Artocarpus altilis.
abstract: The cytoprotective effects of various solvent extracts of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg were evaluated. The cytoprotective effects were determined in human U937 cells incubated with oxidized LDL (OxLDL) using the 4-[3-(4-iodophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio]-1, 3-benzene disulfonate (WST-1) assay. The results demonstrated that the ethyl acetate extract showed cytoprotective activities. To identify the main cytoprotective components, a bioassay guided isolation of the ethyl acetate extract afforded b-sitosterol (1) and six flavonoids (2-7). Their chemical structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and comparison with literature data. Of these compounds, compound 6 was obtained from A. altilis for the first time. The cytoprotective effect offers good prospects for the medicinal applications of A. altilis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tongle
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yuanjiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Xiaoxiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D031622:Artocarpus / Q000737:chemistry*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012855:Sitosterols; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; C025473:gamma-sitosterol