title: Effects of lower fluence pulsed dye laser irradiation on production of collagen and the mRNA expression of collagen relative gene in cultured fibroblasts in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lower fluence of 585-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser has been successfully used as a nonablative technique in the treatment of wrinkles. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the pulsed dye laser (585 nm) on the production of collagen and the mRNA expression of collagen related gene in fibroblasts in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cultured fibroblasts were treated with a 585-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser (fluence 3 J/cm(2), 4 J/cm(2), spot size 7 mm, pulse duration 450 micros). The production of collagen and the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, SMAD7 and type I procollagen alpha1, alpha2 in fibroblasts were investigated by colorimetry or real time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The production of collagen was significantly up-regulated after treatment with a 585-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser with a fluence of 3 J/cm(2) (P < 0.001). The mRNA expression of TGF-beta1, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, SMAD7 and procollagen I was significantly up-regulated after treatment with a 585-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser with a fluence of 3 J/cm(2) (P < 0.001). No significant difference of mRNA expression of SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, SMAD7 and type I procollagen was found between controls and fibroblasts treated with pulsed dye laser with a fluence of 4 J/cm(2) (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower fluence (3 J/cm(2)) pulsed dye laser increased the collagen production in fibroblasts by up-regulating TGF-beta1, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, SMAD7 and type I procollagen mRNA expression. These may be the reason it can be effectively used in the treatment of wrinkles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China. haiyan12@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Hai-yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Da-fang
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D011347:Procollagen / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051899:Smad2 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D051900:Smad3 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D051901:Smad4 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D051906:Smad7 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: D011347:Procollagen; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051899:Smad2 Protein; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D051901:Smad4 Protein; D051906:Smad7 Protein; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D003094:Collagen