title: Time-dependent phenomena in the potential response of ion-selective electrodes treated by the Nernst-Planck-Poisson model. 1. Intramembrane processes and selectivity.
abstract: The variability of selectivity coefficients, resulting from potential changes over time and the concentration ratio of primary to interfering ions, impedes many practical applications of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). Existing theoretical interpretations of ISE selectivity are restricted by severe assumptions, such as steady state and electroneutrality, which hinder theorizing on this problem. For this reason, for the first time, the Nernst-Planck-Poisson equations are used to predict and visualize the selectivity variability over time and the concentration ratio. Special emphasis is placed on the non-Nernstian response in the measurements with liquid-ion-exchanger- and neutral-carrier-based ISEs. The conditions under which measured selectivity coefficients are true (unbiased) are demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Process Chemistry Centre, c/o Centre for Process Analytical Chemistry and Sensor Technology (ProSens), Abo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, 20500 Abo-Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lingenfelter
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bedlechowicz-Sliwakowska
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sokalski
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maj-Zurawska
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lewenstam