The role of culture in breast health practices among Chinese-Australian women.
OBJECTIVE
Exploring how cultural meanings of the breast impact on perceived images of breast cancer and breast health practices.


METHODS
In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 Chinese-Australian women in their native language (Cantonese).


RESULTS
The findings revealed that the meanings of the breast are constructed within the women's social and cultural context where breasts are associated with sex; and talking about, being concerned with or expressing curiosity about breasts is considered inappropriate. These views have a significant impact on (1) the way the informants viewed breast cancer; (2) perceptions of breast health practices; and (3) the explanations of breast cancer and associated risk perception.


CONCLUSIONS
Understanding the nature of culturally-based barriers to utilization of breast cancer screening is the first step to discovering solutions for making screening tests more acceptable to women from other cultures.


CONCLUSIONS
This study provides insight about obstacles for breast health promotion practices and for developing culturally appropriate health education programs and counselling strategies.
Kwok
Cannas
C
Faculty of Education and Social Work, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. cannaskwok@nursing.usyd.edu.au
Sullivan
Gerard
G
Cant
Rosemary
R
D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D001828:Body Image; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009014:Morals; D009517:New South Wales; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D036301:Qualitative Research; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D012752:Shame; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014930:Women / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*