title: Bilateral laparoscopic transperitoneal adrenalectomy in three children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study focuses on the clinical presentation, surgical technique, and results of bilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy in three girls aged 6, 13, and 14.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study included two girls with bilateral tumors (pheochromocytomas in one case, recurrent leiomyosarcomas in the other case) and a girl with micronodular hyperplasia associated with Cushing's syndrome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomies were performed with no conversions. The average operative time was 137 minutes (range 125-148); the mean estimated blood loss was 75 mL; the mean size of the adrenal lesions was 8 cm (range, 0.5-9); and the mean length of hospital stay was 3 days (range, 2-4). Resolution of clinical and biochemical parameters of adrenal hyperfunction was accomplished in the patients with adrenocortical hyperplasia and pheochromocytoma. No tumor recurrence has been so far found in the case of the leiomyosarcomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy can be performed safely and effectively with a shorter hospital stay, minimal blood loss, and excellent functional outcome in the pediatric population.
authors.affiliation: First Surgical Clinic, Department of Surgery, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiriakopoulos
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tsakayanis
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Linos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000307:Adrenal Gland Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D000315:Adrenalectomy / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D010537:Peritoneum; D012189:Retrospective Studies