title: Needle-free delivery of veterinary DNA vaccines.
abstract: Currently, there are a number of obstacles barring effective immunization of large animal species with DNA-based vaccines. Generally, large concentrations of DNA and multiple doses are required before an effective immune response is detected. To overcome these impediments we have developed approaches to deliver the plasmids via needle-free methods, which have been shown to be more effective than traditional needle and syringe methods. Furthermore, we will describe the delivery of vaccines to mucosal surfaces. The procedures described will use sheep and cattle as model veterinary species.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Sakatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk
authors.forename: Shawn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Babiuk
authors.forename: Lorne A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Babiuk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019470:Biolistics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D002417:Cattle / Q000276:immunology; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D010957:Plasmids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D012756:Sheep / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D019444:Vaccines, DNA