title: Mole-rats from higher altitudes have greater thermoregulatory capabilities.
abstract: Subterranean mammals (those that live and forage underground) inhabit a challenging microenvironment, with high levels of carbon dioxide and low levels of oxygen. Consequently, they have evolved specialised morphological and physiological adaptations. For small mammals that inhabit high altitudes, the effects of cold are compounded by low oxygen partial pressures. Hence, subterranean mammals living at high altitudes are faced with a uniquely demanding physiological environment, which presumably necessitates additional physiological adjustments. We examined the thermoregulatory capabilities of two populations of Lesotho mole-rat Cryptomys hottentotus mahali that inhabit a 'low' (1600 m) and a 'high' (3200 m) altitude. Mole-rats from the high altitude had a lower temperature of the lower critical point, a broader thermoneutral zone, a lower thermal conductance and greater regulatory non-shivering thermogenesis than animals from the lower altitude. However, minimum resting metabolic rate values were not significantly different between the populations and were low compared with allometric predictions. We suggest that thermoregulatory costs may in part be met by animals maintaining a low resting metabolic rate. High-altitude animals may adjust to their cooler, more oxygen-deficient environment by having an increased non-shivering thermogenesis whilst maintaining low thermal conductance.
authors.affiliation: Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
authors.forename: Marna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Broekman
authors.forename: Nigel C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Craig R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scantlebury
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization / Q000502:physiology*; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D001831:Body Temperature; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D019577:Mole Rats / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D012768:Shivering / Q000502:physiology