title: The WD repeat-containing protein IFTA-1 is required for retrograde intraflagellar transport.
abstract: The assembly and maintenance of cilia require intraflagellar transport (IFT), a microtubule-dependent bidirectional motility of multisubunit protein complexes along ciliary axonemes. Defects in IFT and the functions of motile or sensory cilia are associated with numerous human ailments, including polycystic kidney disease and Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Here, we identify a novel Caenorhabditis elegans IFT gene, IFT-associated gene 1 (ifta-1), which encodes a WD repeat-containing protein with strong homology to a mammalian protein of unknown function. Both the C. elegans and human IFTA-1 proteins localize to the base of cilia, and in C. elegans, IFTA-1 can be observed to undergo IFT. IFTA-1 is required for the function and assembly of cilia, because a C. elegans ifta-1 mutant displays chemosensory abnormalities and shortened cilia with prominent ciliary accumulations of core IFT machinery components that are indicative of retrograde transport defects. Analyses of C. elegans IFTA-1 localization/motility along bbs mutant cilia, where anterograde IFT assemblies are destabilized, and in a che-11 IFT gene mutant, demonstrate that IFTA-1 is closely associated with the IFT particle A subcomplex, which is implicated in retrograde IFT. Together, our data indicate that IFTA-1 is a novel IFT protein that is required for retrograde transport along ciliary axonemes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
authors.forename: Oliver E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Blacque
authors.forename: Chunmei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Peter N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Inglis
authors.forename: Muneer A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Esmail
authors.forename: Guangshuo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.forename: Allan K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Mah
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Baillie
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Scholey
authors.forename: Michel R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Leroux
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001692:Biological Transport; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002923:Cilia / Q000378:metabolism; D005407:Flagella / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D021381:Protein Transport; D020449:Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes