title: Effect of dietary cyclic nigerosylnigerose on intestinal immune functions in mice.
abstract: We examined the dietary effects of cyclic nigerosylnigerose (CNN), a dietary indigestible oligosaccharide with four D-glucopyranosyl residues linked by alternating alpha-(1-->3)- and alpha-(1-->6) glucosidic linkages, on the intestinal immune function of mice, and the effects were compared with those of alpha-(1-->3)-linked oligosaccharide (nigerooligosaccharides, NOS) or alpha-(1-->6)-linked oligosaccharide (isomaltooligosaccharides, IMO). BALB/c mice were fed with 1-5% CNN, 5% IMO, or 12.5% NOS for 4 weeks, and the intestinal mucosal immune responses were determined. In the 1-5% CNN fed groups, the amounts of IgA in feces increased significantly. In addition, IgA, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion by Peyer's patch (PP) cells were enhanced in CNN fed mice. In the 5% CNN group, pH in the cecum decreased, and the amounts of lactic acid and butyric acid increased. These findings were not observed in the NOS- or IMO-fed group of mice. They suggest that CNN supplementation changes the intestinal environment of microflora and indirectly enhances the immune function in the gut.
authors.affiliation: Glycoscience Institute, Research Center, Hayashibara Biochemical Laboratories, Inc, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hino
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurose
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Shin-ichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oku
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chaen
authors.forename: Keizo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: Shigeharu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukuda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005243:Feces; D005936:Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007109:Immunity / Q000187:drug effects*; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C516208:cyclic nigerosylnigerose