title: Improved visualization of collateral ligaments of the ankle: multiplanar reconstructions based on standard 2D turbo spin-echo MR images.
abstract: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the visualization of the collateral ankle ligaments on multiplanar reconstructions (MPR) based on standard 2D turbo spin-echo images. Coronal and axial T2-weighted turbo spin-echo and MPR angled parallel to the course of the ligaments of 15 asymptomatic and 15 symptomatic ankles were separately analyzed by two musculoskeletal radiologists. Image quality was assessed in the asymptomatic ankles qualitatively. In the symptomatic ankles interobserver agreement and reader confidence was determined for each ligament. On MPR the tibionavicular and calcaneofibular ligaments were more commonly demonstrated on a single image than on standard MR images (reader 1: 13 versus 0, P=0.002; reader 2: 14 versus 1, P=0.001 and reader 1: 13 versus 2, P=0.001; reader 2: 14 versus 0, P<0.001). The tibionavicular ligament was considered to be better delineated on MPR by reader 1 (12 versus 3, P=0.031). In the symptomatic ankles, reader confidence was greater with MPR for all ligaments except for the tibiocalcanear ligament (both readers) and the anterior and posterior talofibular ligaments (for reader 2). Interobserver agreement was increased with MPR for the tibionavicular ligament. Multiplanar reconstructions of 2D turbo spin-echo images improve the visualization of the tibionavicular and calcaneofibular ligaments and strengthen diagnostic confidence for these ligaments.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Radiology, University Hospital, Balgrist, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland. Sylvain.duc@balgrist.ch
authors.forename: Sylvain R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Duc
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mengiardi
authors.forename: Christian W A
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Pfirrmann
authors.forename: Juerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hodler
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zanetti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D017885:Collateral Ligaments / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000293:injuries; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male