title: Butyrate induces necrotic cell death in murine colonic epithelial cell MCE301.
abstract: Recent findings have suggested that organic acids produced by anaerobic intestinal bacteria might contribute to the pathogenesis of colonic ulcers. In this study, it was shown that butyrate caused potent cytotoxicity in the murine normal colonic epithelial cells MCE301 at physiological concentrations. Several markers of apoptosis, such as phosphatidyl serine externalization, cytochrome c release, DNA fragmentation, and chromatin condensation were negative after butyrate exposure. Inhibitor of caspases failed to protect against butyrate cytotoxicity. By transmission electron microscopy, marked swollen mitochondria and vacuolization within the cytoplasm was observed by treatment of butyrate. Collective, these data indicated that butyrate-induced cell death caused through a necrosis-like process. Butyrate induced cell death was reduced partially by treatment with prednisolone or 5-aminosalicylates in a concentration dependent manner. These results suggest that (1) butyrate induces necrotic cell death but not apoptotic cell death, and (2) the necrotic cell death induced by butyrate may be useful as a novel in vitro model of ulcerative colitis to screen useful drugs for the treatment of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences & Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsukasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayasaki
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Tadahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tabuchi
authors.forename: Masuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Obinata
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanawa
authors.forename: Haruki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002087:Butyrates / Q000633:toxicity*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D019804:Mesalamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009336:Necrosis; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002087:Butyrates; D019804:Mesalamine; D011239:Prednisolone