title: Antiangiogenic effect of Lygodium flexuosum against N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
abstract: The antiangiogenic effect of Lygodium flexuosum extract was evaluated in Wistar rats intoxicated with N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) in preventive and curative models. In preventive groups, NDEA was administered for 20 weeks. Daily doses of L. flexuosumn-hexane extract (200mg/kg) started 1 week before the onset of NDEA intoxication and continued for 20 weeks. In curative animals, NDEA was administered for 20 weeks followed by treatment with the n-hexane extract of L. flexuosum for 28 days. Rats intoxicated with NDEA had elevated levels of serum gamma-GT, AST, ALT, LDH levels and hepatic MDA and decreased levels of hepatic GSH. When treated with L. flexuosum extract had normal levels of gamma-GT, AST, ALT, LDH levels, hepatic MDA and GSH. NDEA administered rat liver showed an overexpressed levels of angiopoietins 1 (Ang-1) and 2 (Ang-2) and its receptor Tie-2 mRNA. L. flexuosum extract treatment significantly (p<or=0.05) reduced the levels of Ang-1 and Ang-2 and Tie-2 in rat livers evidenced by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was overexpressed and localized around periportal area of liver sections intoxicated with NDEA and its overexpression was effectively reduced by the treatment with L. flexuosum extract. Histopathological observations also substantiated NDEA-induced hepatotoxicity and the effect was significantly (p<or=0.05) reduced by L. flexuosum extract treatment. Thus, L. flexuosum extract at a dose of 200mg/kg effectively reversed the hepatotoxicity induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine in both experimental models.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Ethnopharmacology Lab, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Wills
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Suresh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arun
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Asha
mesh_terms: D015104:3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine / Q000378:metabolism; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042683:Angiopoietin-1 / Q000097:blood; D042702:Angiopoietin-2 / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D029624:Ferns / Q000737:chemistry*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2 / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D042683:Angiopoietin-1; D042702:Angiopoietin-2; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D015104:3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2; D005978:Glutathione