title: Evaluation of the International Organization for Standardization-International Dairy Federation (ISO-IDF) draft standard method for detection of Enterobacter sakazakii in powdered infant food formulas.
abstract: As a result of the growing recognition of Enterobacter sakazakii as an emergent pathogen, the International Dairy Federation (IDF) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) have standardized a reference method for the detection of E. sakazakii in milk powder products and powdered infant food formulas (IFF). The objectives of this study were to assess the applicability of the ISO-IDF draft standard, and to compare several chromogenic selective media for E. sakazakii [ready-to-use ESIATM, homemade E. sakazakii isolation agar, and Druggan-Forsythe-lversen (DFI) agar], and a selective media for Enterobacteriaceae Violet Red Bile Glucose (VRBG). We found that the method is sensitive, selective, and applicable to the analysis of powdered IFF, provided that some modifications are added. In particular, definition of typical colonies on chromogenic media should be less restrictive, and the possibility of using chromogenic media other than ESIA should be introduced. Any of the chromogenic media tested here could be used initially, since their performances were similar. In these media, alpha-glucosidase-positive but non-yellow-pigmented isolates should be also considered. Consequently, the yellow pigmentation test should be abandoned, or completed with another test in order to select colonies to confirm. Although the specificity of VRBG was relatively poor, it could be used as a second nonchromogenic medium.
authors.affiliation: Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA), Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherches sur la Qualité des Aliments et des Procédés Agro-Alimentaires (LERQAP), 23 Ave du Général de Gaulle, Maisons Alfort, Cedex, France. n.besse@afssa.fr
authors.forename: Nathalie Gnanou
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Besse
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leclercq
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Maladen
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tyburski
authors.forename: Lombard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bertrand
mesh_terms: D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D044083:Cronobacter sakazakii / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000592:standards*; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000592:standards*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007390:International Agencies; D010858:Pigmentation; D011208:Powders
chemical_list: D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D011208:Powders