title: Comparison of radiography and computed tomography to evaluate metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal joint pathology of paired limbs of thoroughbred racehorses with severe condylar fracture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the orthogonal radiographic (OR) and computed tomographic (CT) appearance of paired Thoroughbred racehorse limbs with severe condylar fracture.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vitro study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cadaveric paired limbs with severe condylar fracture (n=11 horses).
  
  
  METHODS
  Four standard radiographic and multiple transverse CT images were obtained of the fractured and contralateral limbs centering on the metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal (fetlock) joints. Radiographs and CT images were graded by 4 raters, and interobserver agreement was calculated. Imaging evaluations were supplemented by fetlock joint dissection. A consensus description of actual injury and the detection accuracy of OR and CT for that injury was determined. Results- Rater agreement for OR and CT for most pathologic features was good or excellent. OR was similar to CT for the detection of condylar and diaphyseal third metacarpal and metatarsal (MC/MT3) fractures, diaphyseal fractures of the first phalanx (P1), and fracture location on the condyle. CT was superior to OR for detection of MC/MT3 proximal fissures and articular comminution, condylar small cracks and lucencies, and proximal sesamoid fractures. OR was superior to CT for detection of proximal P1 dorsal fractures. Both OR and CT were poor at detecting palmar/planter proximal P1 fractures and coalescing cracks in the subchondral bone of MC/MT3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT is better than OR for detection of pathology in limbs with condylar fractures, but does not detect every pathologic feature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT provides superior information of pathology in Thoroughbred racehorses with condylar fractures.
authors.affiliation: Comparative Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: Elizabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Santschi
authors.forename: Lisa J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zekas
authors.forename: Mary C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Scollay-Ward
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Markel
authors.forename: Catherine L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Radtke
authors.forename: Susannah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Sample
authors.forename: Nicholas S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Keuler
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muir
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002102:Cadaver; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006736:Horses / Q000293:injuries*; D050279:Metacarpal Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008682:Metatarsal Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008683:Metatarsophalangeal Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D011859:Radiography / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices