title: Spontaneous circulation in ground-state spinor dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates.
abstract: We report on a study of the spin-1 ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensate with magnetic dipole-dipole interactions. By solving the nonlocal Gross-Pitaevskii equations for this system, we find three ground-state phases. Moreover, we show that a substantial orbital angular momentum accompanied by chiral symmetry breaking emerges spontaneously in a certain parameter regime. We predict that all these phases can be observed in the spin-1 87Rb condensate by changing the number of atoms or the trap frequency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueda