title: Nonequilibrium self-organization phenomena in active Langmuir monolayers.
abstract: Langmuir monomolecular layers, formed by amphiphilic molecules at liquid-air interfaces and containing a fraction of chiral molecules, are theoretically investigated. These monolayers can be brought out of thermal equilibrium by applying a gradient of small molecules across the interface, resulting in the leakage flow. We show that, when splay coupling between the orientation field and the local concentration of chiral molecules in the monolayer is taken into account, this nonequilibrium soft matter system can show complex wave behavior, including the development of target wave patterns, spiral waves, and dense regions filled with inwardly propagating waves.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Alexander S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Mikhailov
mesh_terms: D001703:Biophysics / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007700:Kinetics; D008566:Membranes / Q000737:chemistry; D008954:Models, Biological; D008956:Models, Chemical; D015233:Models, Statistical; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D013499:Surface Properties