title: Molecular characteristics and in vitro susceptibility to antimicrobial agents, including the des-fluoro(6) quinolone DX-619, of Panton-Valentine leucocidin-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from the community and hospitals.
abstract: Highly virulent, community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains with Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) genes have been found increasingly worldwide. Among a total of 2,101 MRSA strains isolated from patients in hospitals in Japan, two were positive for PVL genes. One strain was identified as a community-acquired MRSA strain with genotype sequence type 30 (ST30) and spa (staphylococcal protein A gene) type 19 from Japan and was resistant only to beta-lactam antimicrobial agents. The other strain was closely related to PVL+ multidrug-resistant, hospital-acquired MRSA strains (ST30, spa type 43) derived from nosocomial outbreaks in the 1980s to 1990s in Japan but with a divergent sequence type, ST765 (a single-locus variant of ST30). Twenty-two PVL+ MRSA strains, including those from Japan and those from other countries with various sequence types (ST1, ST8, ST30, ST59, and ST80) and genotypes, were examined for susceptibility to 31 antimicrobial agents. Among the agents, DX-619, a des-fluoro(6) quinolone, showed the greatest activity, followed by rifampin and sitafloxacin, a fluoroquinolone. The data suggest that DX-619 exhibits a superior activity against PVL+ MRSA strains with various virulence genetic traits from the community as well as from hospitals.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infectious Disease Control and International Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 757 Ichibanchou, Asahimachidori, Niigata 951-8510, Japan. tatsuoy@med.niigata-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Soshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dohmae
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Taketo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.forename: Katsuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujikawa
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics*; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission; D003428:Cross Infection; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000235:genetics*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology; D006761:Hospitals / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007956:Leukocidins / Q000235:genetics*; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015363:Quinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; C505440:DX 619; D005098:Exotoxins; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D007956:Leukocidins; C078284:Panton-Valentine leukocidin; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D015363:Quinolones; C076246:sitafloxacin; D012293:Rifampin