title: BioGlue for prevention of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leaks in transsphenoidal surgery: A case series.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The efficacy of BioGlue (CryoLife, Inc, Atlanta, Ga) surgical adhesive in transsphenoidal surgery was assessed as an adjunct in the prevention of postoperative CSF leaks.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients in whom BioGlue was used for an intraoperative skull base reconstruction were retrospectively identified. Intraoperative CSF leaks were graded according to size (grade 1, small weeping leak without obvious diaphragmatic defect; grade 2, moderate leak with a definite diaphragmatic defect; grade 3, large diaphragmatic and/or dural defect). CSF leak repair was tailored to CSF leak grade. BioGlue was applied as a reinforcement over collagen sponge as the last layer of the repair.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over 28 months, a total of 282 patients underwent endonasal surgery. Of these patients, 124 (79 women; age range, 8-84 years), in 128 procedures, had an intraoperative CSF leak repair reinforced with BioGlue. Pathology included 80 pituitary adenomas, 11 craniopharyngiomas, 7 Rathke's cleft cysts, 6 chordomas, 5 meningiomas, 4 spontaneous CSF leaks, 3 arachnoid cysts, and 8 other parasellar pathologies. There were 62 (48.4%) grade 1, 41 (32.0%) grade 2, and 25 (19.5%) grade 3 leak repairs. The overall repair failure rate was 1.6% (2 cases), with the failures occurring in patients with grade 3 leaks, including 1 who developed meningitis; there was no failure of grades 1 and 2 leaks. The 2 failures were attributed largely to technical aspects of the repair rather than to failure of BioGlue per se.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BioGlue appears to be an effective adjunct in preventing postoperative CSF leaks after transsphenoidal surgery. However, careful attention to technical details of the repair is still required to prevent failures, especially when closing large dural and diaphragmatic defects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, University of California at Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Dusick
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mattozo
authors.forename: Felice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: Daniel F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Kelly
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002559:Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D003397:Craniopharyngioma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000592:standards; D008579:Meningioma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011506:Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012658:Sella Turcica / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019292:Skull Base Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013100:Sphenoid Bone / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C472676:Bio-glue; D011506:Proteins