title: Central venous cannulation: are routine chest radiographs necessary after B-mode and colour Doppler sonography check?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  After the insertion of a central venous catheter, a chest radiograph is usually obtained to ensure correct positioning of the catheter tip.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine in a paediatric population whether B-mode and colour Doppler sonography after central venous access is useful to evaluate catheter position, thus obviating the need for a postprocedural radiograph.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study of 107 consecutive central venous access procedures placed in a paediatric intensive care unit was performed. At the end of the procedure, B-mode and colour Doppler sonography were used to assess catheter position and check for complications. A postprocedural chest radiograph was obtained in all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 96 patients postprocedural B-mode and colour Doppler sonography showed colour Doppler signals within the vena cava. Among the 11 patients predicted to have a potential complication, there was one pneumothorax and ten malpositions. Chest radiography showed a total of 13 complications-1 pneumothorax and 12 malpositions. The concordance between colour Doppler sonography and chest radiography was 98.1% in the detection of catheter position; sonography had a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 100%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The close concordance between B-mode and colour Doppler sonography and chest radiography justifies the more frequent use of sonography to evaluate catheter position because ionizing radiation is eliminated. Chest radiography may then be performed only when there is suspected inappropriate catheter tip position after sonography.
authors.affiliation: Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, Pediatric Radiology Department-Presidio Salesi, Ancona, 60123, Italy. lanzacecilia@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lanza
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fabrizzi
mesh_terms: D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007601:Jugular Veins; D008297:Male; D035422:Pleural Cavity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013350:Subclavian Vein; D013909:Thorax / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*; D014684:Venae Cavae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride