title: Age-related brain cholinesterase inhibition kinetics following in vitro incubation with chlorpyrifos-oxon and diazinon-oxon.
abstract: Chlorpyrifos and diazinon are two commonly used organophosphorus insecticides (OPs), and their primary mechanism of action involves the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by their metabolites chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPO) and diazinon-oxon (DZO), respectively. The study objectives were to assess the in vitro age-related inhibition kinetics of neonatal rat brain cholinesterase (ChE) for CPO and DZO by estimating the bimolecular inhibitory rate constant (k(i)) values. Brain ChE inhibition and k(i) values following CPO and DZO incubation with neonatal Sprague-Dawley rat brain homogenates were determined at postnatal day (PND) 5, 12, and 17 and compared with the corresponding inhibition and k(i) values obtained in the adult rat. A modified Ellman method was utilized for measuring the ChE activity. CPO caused a greater ChE inhibition than DZO as evidenced from the estimated k(i) values of both compounds. Neonatal brain ChE inhibition kinetics exhibited a marked age-related sensitivity to CPO, with the order of ChE inhibition being PND 5 > PND 7 > PND 17 with k(i) values of 0.95, 0.50, and 0.22 nM(-1)hr(-1), respectively. In contrast, DZO ChE inhibition was not age related in the neonatal brain, and the estimated k(i) value at all PND ages was 0.02 nM(-1)hr(-1). These results demonstrated an age- and OP-selective inhibition of rat brain ChE, which may be critically important in understanding the potential sensitivity of juveniles to specific OPs exposures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Property Assessments, TargeGen Inc., San Diego, California 92121, USA. akousba@targegen.com
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kousba
authors.forename: Torka S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Poet
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Timchalk
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D003976:Diazinon / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; C009618:O,O-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphate; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; D003976:Diazinon