title: Is the urokinase-type plasminogen activator system a reliable prognostic factor in gastric cancer?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the clinical and prognostic impact of immunohistochemically assessed uPA and PAI-1 in patients with gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study analyzed specimens obtained from 105 gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy with extended lymphadenectomy. The immunohistochemical expression of uPA and PAI-1 was studied semiquantitatively in the tumor epithelium and was correlated with the clinicopathological features of each patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Univariate analysis revealed no statistically significant association of uPA levels with pT and pN category (p=0.655 and 0.053, respectively), grading (p=0.374), depth of tumor invasion (p=0.665), UICC classification (p=0.21) and the Laurén classification (p=0.578). PAI-1 expression showed no statistically significant correlation with pT, pN and M category (p=0.589, 0.414, and 0.167, respectively), grading (p=0.273), and the Laurén classification (p=0.368). Only the UICC classification was significantly correlated with PAI-1 (p=0.016). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed no significant association of uPA and PAI-1 with overall survival (p=0.0929 and 0.0870, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results could not verify any prognostic value of uPA and PAI-1 levels in patients with gastric carcinoma. Therefore, the uPA-system as a biologically defined prognostic marker to identify high-risk gastric cancers should be applied with caution. However, considering the number of patients involved and the borderline level of significance observed in this study, a larger number of events may have resulted in significant differences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Luebke
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Baldus
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Spieker
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grass
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bollschweiler
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thiele
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Dienes
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Hoelscher
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Moenig
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000032:analysis*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator