[Insulators of higher eukaryotes: properties, mechanisms of action, and role in transcriptional regulation].
One of the dogmas of transcriptional regulation in higher eukaryotes suggests the existence of transcriptional domains with no promoter-enhancer interactions between them. Specific regulatory elements, known as insulators, block the interaction between an enhancer and a promoter. Insulators are believed to act as transcription domain boundaries. The review considers general properties of well-known insulators identified in Drosophila and vertebrates. The mechanism of action of insulators and their role in the regulation of gene expression are discussed on the basis of available information.
Maksimenko
O G
OG
Chetverina
D A
DA
Georgiev
P G
PG
D000818:Animals; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D038101:Insulator Elements / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014714:Vertebrates / Q000235:genetics