title: The effect of a nonabsorbed oral antibiotic (rifaximin) on the symptoms of the irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alterations in gut flora may be important in the pathophysiology of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the nonabsorbed antibiotic rifaximin is more effective than placebo in reducing symptoms in adults with IBS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  2 tertiary care medical centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  87 patients who met Rome I criteria for IBS and were enrolled from December 2003 to March 2005.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants who met enrollment criteria were randomly assigned to receive 400 mg of rifaximin 3 times daily for 10 days (n = 43) or placebo (n = 44). Eighty participants completed rifaximin therapy or placebo, and follow-up data were available for at least 34 participants per study group at any time point thereafter.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was administered before treatment and 7 days after treatment. The primary outcome was global improvement in IBS. Patients were then asked to keep a weekly symptom diary for 10 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over the 10 weeks of follow-up, rifaximin resulted in greater improvement in IBS symptoms (P = 0.020). In addition, rifaximin recipients had a lower bloating score after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The major limitations of the study were its modest sample size and short duration and that most patients were from 1 center.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rifaximin improves IBS symptoms for up to 10 weeks after the discontinuation of therapy.
authors.affiliation: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Burns and Allen Research Institute, and University of California, Los Angeles, Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA. pimentelm@cshs.org
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pimentel
authors.forename: Sandy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mirocha
authors.forename: Sunanda V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: Yuthana
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001765:Blind Loop Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012294:Rifamycins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000078262:Rifaximin; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D012294:Rifamycins; D000078262:Rifaximin