title: Vaccination therapy in prostate cancer.
abstract: Radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy provide excellent localized prostate cancer (PC) control. Although the majority of prostate carcinoma is nowadays diagnosed at early stages with favourable risk features, in patients up to 30-40% it recurs within 10 years. Furthermore, the lack of effective therapies, once prostate carcinoma becomes refractory to androgen deprivation, mandates the development of alternative therapeutic options. There is a growing interest in harnessing the potency and specificity of anti-tumour immunity through the generation of fully competent dendritic cells and tumour reactive effector lymphocytes. Several strategies to treat or prevent the development of metastatic PC have been explored in clinical trials and are summarized in this review, considering also the feasibility and safety of these approaches. In some cases clinical responses were achieved showing that vaccine-primed T cells induced anti-tumour activity in vivo. The present findings and perspectives of the immunologic interventions in PC patients will be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy. andrea.marrari@istitutotumori.mi.it
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marrari
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iero
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pilla
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salvioni
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Valdagni
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Parmiani
authors.forename: Licia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rivoltini
mesh_terms: D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines