title: 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal upregulates endogenous antioxidants and phase 2 enzymes in rat H9c2 myocardiac cells: protection against overt oxidative and electrophilic injury.
abstract: This study was undertaken to determine if 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) could upregulate antioxidants and phase 2 enzymes in rat H9c2 myocardiac cells, and if the upregulated defenses led to cytoprotection against oxidative and electrophilic injury. Incubation of H9c2 cells with HNE at noncytotoxic concentrations resulted in significant induction of cellular catalase, glutathione (GSH), GSH S-transferase (GST), and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), as determined by enzyme activity and/or protein expression. HNE treatment caused increased mRNA expression of catalase, gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase, GST-A1, and NQO1. Pretreatment of H9c2 cells with HNE led to significant protection against cytotoxicity induced by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. HNE-pretreated cells also exhibited increased resistance to injury elicited by subsequent cytotoxic concentrations of HNE. Taken together, this study demonstrates that several antioxidants and phase 2 enzymes in H9c2 cells are upregulated by HNE and that the increased defenses afford protection against overt oxidative and electrophilic cardiac cell injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Public Health, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiaoqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Jay L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zweier
authors.forename: Yunbo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D000975:Antioxidants; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); C507703:NQO1 protein, rat; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal