Clinicopathological significance of stromal variables: angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, inflammatory infiltration, MMP and PINCH in colorectal carcinomas.
Cancer research has mainly focused on alterations of genes and proteins in cancer cells themselves that result in either gain-of-function in oncogenes or loss-of-function in tumour-suppressor genes. However, stromal variables within or around tumours, including blood and lymph vessels, stromal cells and various proteins, have also important impacts on tumour development and progression. It has been shown that disruption of stromal-epithelial interactions influences cellular proliferation, differentiation, death, motility, genomic integrity, angiogenesis, and other phenotypes in various tissues. Moreover, stromal variables are also critical to therapy in cancer patients. In this review, we mainly focus on the clinicopathological significance of stromal variables including angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, inflammatory infiltration, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and the particularly interesting new cysteine-histidine rich protein (PINCH) in colorectal cancer (CRC).
Sun
Xiao-Feng
XF
Department of Oncology, Institute of Biomedicine and Surgery, University of Linköping, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden. xiao-feng.sun@ibk.liu.se
Zhang
Hong
H
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins; D042583:Lymphangiogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008954:Models, Biological; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins; C088088:LIMS1 protein, human; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases