Fumigant and repellent properties of essential oils and component compounds against permethrin-resistant Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura: Pediculidae) from Argentina.
The repeated use of permethrin and other insecticides for the control of head lice, Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Anoplura: Pediculidae), during past decades has resulted in the development of marked levels of resistance. Thus, new alternative insecticides are needed for the control of head lice. We studied the fumigant and repellent properties of essential oils from 16 native and exotic plants in Argentina, and 21 chemical components against permethrin-resistant head lice from Argentina. With a direct vapor-exposure bioassay, the most effective oil was from the native Myrcianthes cisplatensis Cambess (Myrtaceae) with a time to 50% knockdown (KT50) of 1.3 min, followed by exotic species, Eucalyptus cinerea F.V. Muell., Eucalyptus viminalis Labill., and Eucalyptus saligna Smith. with KT50 values of 12.0, 14.9, and 17.4 min, respectively. The most effective components were 1,8-cineole and anisole, with KT50 values of 11.1 and 12.7 min, respectively. Regression analysis of KT50 values and vapor pressures and water-partition coefficients for the essential oil components revealed that the most effective fumigants were among the more volatile components. Repellency assays indicated that the essential oil from Mentha pulegium L. and its benzyl alcohol component were the most effective repellents, having repellency indices of 75.5 and 57.8%, respectively. Thus, some Argentinean plants contain essential oils and components that function as fumigants or as repellents and thereby show potential for development of new control products for head lice.
Toloza
Ariel Ceferino
AC
Centro de Investigaciones en Plagas e Insecticidas (CITEFA-CONICET), Juan Bautista De La Salle 4397 (B1603ALO) Villa Martelli, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Zygadlo
Julio
J
Cueto
Gastón Mougabure
GM
Biurrun
Fernando
F
Zerba
Eduardo
E
Picollo
María Inés
MI
D000818:Animals; D001118:Argentina; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D005651:Fumigation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D010373:Lice Infestations / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control; D031335:Mentha pulegium / Q000737:chemistry; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010374:Pediculus / Q000187:drug effects*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014835:Volatilization
D007302:Insect Repellents; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils