title: West Nile virus quantification in feces of experimentally infected American and fish crows.
abstract: To better understand the potential environmental health risk presented by West Nile virus (WNV)-contaminated feces, we quantified the amount of WNV present in the feces of experimentally infected American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) and fish crows (Corvus ossifragus). Peak fecal titers ranged from 10(3.5) to 10(8.8) plaque-forming units (PFU)/g for 10 American crows and from 10(2.3) to 10(6.4) PFU/g for 10 fish crows. The presence of infectious WNV in bird feces indicates a potential for direct transmission of WNV. Thus, handlers of sick or dead birds should take appropriate precautions to avoid exposure to fecal material.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80522, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kipp
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lehman
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bowen
authors.forename: Patricia E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.forename: Kaci
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Klenk
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Komar
authors.forename: Michel L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bunning
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D046368:Crows; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology*; D014766:Viremia / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D017201:Virus Shedding; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*