title: Morphological changes in the rat sublingual gland parenchyma with aging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The characteristics of mucous cells in the aging rat sublingual gland were investigated in this study. Particular attention was paid to accumulated amyloid protein and changes of the properties of the secretory granules at the histochemical and ultrastructural level.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to examine age-related morphological changes in the sublingual gland of male Wistar rats from 12 to 27 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  For light microscopy, the sublingual glands were fixed with 10% neutral-buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, and processed for Alcian blue, Congo red, and TUNEL staining. For transmission electron microscopy, some of the samples were fixed with Karnovsky solution, postfixed with 2% osmium tetroxide, and embedded in epoxy resin for pronase treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sublingual gland showed slight shrinkage after 21 months. After 24 months, Congo red staining showed positive reaction to the intralobular connective tissue surrounding the terminal portions and to the interlobular connective tissue around the blood vessels and the excretory ducts. At 27 months, some of the granules in the serous demilunes had difficulty in digesting with pronase treatment. The appearance rate of TUNEL-positive cells was low in both mucous and serous portions during the observation period, though the positive cell number was higher in the serous than in the mucous portion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that the rat sublingual gland accumulates amyloid protein in the parenchyma and changes the properties of secretory granules of the acinar cells in the serous demilune with aging, though apoptosis of the parenchymal cells and the decrease of the gland weight are slight.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. kkikuchi@hh.iij4u.or.jp
authors.forename: Ken-ichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aiyama
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Sumie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000682:Amyloid / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009929:Organ Size; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D022142:Secretory Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013361:Sublingual Gland / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D000682:Amyloid