Role of cytokines in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most frequent cancers and standard treatment has only marginally improved the 5-year survival rate of patients with this disease in the last few decades. It is supposed that cytokine alterations in immune, inflammatory and angiogenetic regulatory routes within the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment play a critical role in tumor aggressiveness, its response to chemo- and radiation therapies, as well as the development of immune escape mechanisms.
Pries
Ralph
R
University of Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany. ralph.pries@hno.uni-luebeck.de
Nitsch
Stefan
S
Wollenberg
Barbara
B
D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000098:blood supply / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control
D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators