title: Prostate mechanical imaging: 3-D image composition and feature calculations.
abstract: We have developed a method and a device entitled prostate mechanical imager (PMI) for the real-time imaging of prostate using a transrectal probe equipped with a pressure sensor array and position tracking sensor. PMI operation is based on measurement of the stress pattern on the rectal wall when the probe is pressed against the prostate. Temporal and spatial changes in the stress pattern provide information on the elastic structure of the gland and allow two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of prostate anatomy and assessment of prostate mechanical properties. The data acquired allow the calculation of prostate features such as size, shape, nodularity, consistency/hardness, and mobility. The PMI prototype has been validated in laboratory experiments on prostate phantoms and in a clinical study. The results obtained on model systems and in vivo images from patients prove that PMI has potential to become a diagnostic tool that could largely supplant DRE through its higher sensitivity, quantitative record storage, ease-of-use and inherent low cost.
authors.affiliation: Artann Laboratories, Inc., Trenton, NJ 08618, USA.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Egorov
authors.forename: Suren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ayrapetyan
authors.forename: Armen P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Sarvazyan
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D051517:Digital Rectal Examination / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation; D014160:Transducers, Pressure; D014584:User-Computer Interface