title: Enhanced ethanol fermentation of brewery wastewater using the genetically modified strain E. coli KO11.
abstract: We have used liquid waste obtained from a beer brewery process to produce ethanol. To increase the productivity, genetically modified organism, Escherichia coli KO11, was used for ethanol fermentation. Yeast was also used to produce ethanol from the same feed stock, and the ethanol production rates and resulting concentrations of sugars and ethanol were compared with those of KO11. In the experiments, first the raw wastewater was directly fermented using two strains with no saccharification enzymes added. Then, commercial enzymes, alpha-amylase, pectinase, or a combination of both, were used for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, and the results were compared with those of the no-enzyme experiments for KO11 and yeast. Under the given conditions with or without the enzymes, yeast produced ethanol more rapidly than E. coli KO11, but the final ethanol concentrations were almost the same. For both yeast and KO11, the enzymes were observed to enhance the ethanol yields by 61-84% as compared to the fermentation without enzymes. The combination of the two enzymes increased ethanol production the most for the both strains. The advantages of using KO11 were not demonstrated clearly as compared to the yeast fermentation results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.
authors.forename: Kripa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Vaibhav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chaudhari
authors.forename: Sasidhar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Varanasi
authors.forename: Dong-Shik
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D001515:Beer / Q000382:microbiology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000379:methods; D007220:Industrial Waste; D011096:Polygalacturonase / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000431:Ethanol; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D011096:Polygalacturonase