title: Creating a medical English-Swedish dictionary using interactive word alignment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This paper reports on a parallel collection of rubrics from the medical terminology systems ICD-10, ICF, MeSH, NCSP and KSH97-P and its use for semi-automatic creation of an English-Swedish dictionary of medical terminology. The methods presented are relevant for many other West European language pairs than English-Swedish.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical terminology systems were collected in electronic format in both English and Swedish and the rubrics were extracted in parallel language pairs. Initially, interactive word alignment was used to create training data from a sample. Then the training data were utilised in automatic word alignment in order to generate candidate term pairs. The last step was manual verification of the term pair candidates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A dictionary of 31,000 verified entries has been created in less than three man weeks, thus with considerably less time and effort needed compared to a manual approach, and without compromising quality. As a side effect of our work we found 40 different translation problems in the terminology systems and these results indicate the power of the method for finding inconsistencies in terminology translations. We also report on some factors that may contribute to making the process of dictionary creation with similar tools even more expedient. Finally, the contribution is discussed in relation to other ongoing efforts in constructing medical lexicons for non-English languages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In three man weeks we were able to produce a medical English-Swedish dictionary consisting of 31,000 entries and also found hidden translation errors in the utilized medical terminology systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköpings universitet, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden. mikny@imt.liu.se
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nyström
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merkel
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ahrenberg
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zweigenbaum
authors.forename: Håkan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Petersson
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahlfeldt
mesh_terms: D003628:Database Management Systems; D004018:Dictionaries, Medical as Topic; D001330:Electronic Data Processing / Q000379:methods*; D004739:England; D006801:Humans; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods; D007802:Language; D046650:Medical Subject Headings; D013548:Sweden; D018511:Systems Integration; D014175:Translating; D017432:Unified Medical Language System