title: An immunohistochemical study of chromogranin A and human epidermal growth factor-2 expression using initial prostate biopsy specimens from patients with bone metastatic prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate, using prostate needle-biopsy specimens at diagnosis from patients with bone metastatic prostate cancer, whether the relationship between neuroendocrine (NE) cell differentiation and human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER-2) expression is a prognostic factor for outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 50 patients diagnosed as having bone metastatic prostate cancer between January 1998 and December 2001. We tested for NE cell differentiation by using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for chromogranin A (CgA), and for HER-2, using a commercial test for IHC staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven patients (22%) were positive for CgA; there was a significant difference in the time to recurrence (P = 0.025) but no significant differences in cause-specific survival rate or survival rate after recurrence. In all, 21 patients (42%) were positive for HER-2; the cause-specific survival rate, time to recurrence and survival rate after recurrence were all significantly more favourable in the HER-2-negative group (P = 0.008, 0.049 and 0.025, respectively). In the 49 patients for whom both factors could be determined, there was no significant correlation between CgA and HER-2 positivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NE cell differentiation of the primary tumour in patients with bone metastatic prostate cancer does not reflect the prognosis, whereas HER-2 overexpression is a prognostic factor for an unfavourable outcome. These results suggest that NE cell differentiation is not induced by HER-2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute-cho, Aichi, Japan. 101959@gk.amu.aichi-med-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Kogenta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taki
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naruse
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Motoi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tobiume
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zennami
authors.forename: Remi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Katsuda
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D053379:Chromogranin A / Q000378:metabolism*; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053379:Chromogranin A; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases