title: Pre-surgical identification of epileptogenic areas in temporal lobe epilepsy by 123I-iomazenil SPECT: a comparison with IMP SPECT and FDG PET.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of (123)I-iomazenil (IMZ) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for the pre-surgical identification of epileptogenic areas in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and to compare the results with those of (123)I-IMP SPECT and (18)Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET).
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined seven patients with medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (five men and two women; mean age, 28 years) with no remarkable findings on magnetic resonance imaging. Before surgery, IMZ SPECT, IMP SPECT and FDG PET were all performed in the interictal state. Then, visual assessment and region-of-interest (ROI) analysis were performed on each image. Final definitions of the epileptogenic areas were made by electrocorticography and histopathology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By IMZ SPECT, a decreased IMZ uptake in the ipsilateral temporal lobe was found in all patients, while a similar decrease in the contralateral temporal lobe was also found in one patient. In comparison to IMP SPECT, the extent of the abnormal area on IMZ SPECT was equal to that on IMP SPECT in one patient while it was more restricted to the epileptogenic area in five patients. In comparison to FDG PET, the extent of the abnormal area on IMZ SPECT was equal to that on FDG PET in three patients while it was more restricted in the epileptogenic area in four patients. In ROI analysis, decreases of IMZ, IMP and FDG uptake were observed in the epileptogenic area, although they were not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IMZ SPECT was considered to be useful for pre-surgical determination of the epileptogenic areas in temporal lobe epilepsy with no remarkable MRI findings, and it was also found to be superior to IMP SPECT and FDG PET for this purpose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. kkaneko-kyu@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Takato
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morioka
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sawamoto
authors.forename: Nobuyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohya
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshiura
authors.forename: Futoshi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mihara
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005442:Flumazenil / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D020367:Iofetamine; D008297:Male; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005442:Flumazenil; C063038:iomazenil; D020367:Iofetamine