title: Negative affect as a mediator between body dissatisfaction and extreme weight loss and muscle gain behaviors.
abstract: Negative affect has been found to mediate the relationship between body dissatisfaction and bulimia. However, it is unknown if this relationship also applies to disordered eating, excessive exercise and strategies to increase muscle for men or women. The aim of this study was to investigate whether negative and positive affect mediate the relationship between body dissatisfaction, and these body change strategies. Respondents were 93 men and 97 women (age range: 18-25 years), who completed measures of body dissatisfaction, positive and negative affect and body change strategies to lose weight or increase muscles. Body dissatisfaction was associated with strategies to lose weight, dietary restraint and bulimia for both genders. Negative affect mediated the relationship between dissatisfaction with muscles and strategies to lose weight, dietary restraint and bulimia for women only. The results confirm previous findings related to the association between negative affect and disordered eating for women. They also demonstrate the need to further investigate the impact of negative affect on body change strategies, particularly among men, and those strategies related to increasing muscles.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heywood
authors.forename: Marita P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: McCabe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D001828:Body Image; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D015444:Exercise; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal; D012737:Sex Factors; D015430:Weight Gain; D015431:Weight Loss