title: The effect of fresh frozen plasma in severe closed head injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality. Coagulopathy, commonly occurring after severe TBI, is associated with poor outcome and secondary complications, especially delayed traumatic intracerebral hematoma (DTICH). In this study we evaluated the effect of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) on the reduction in the incidence of DTICH in severe closed head injury victims.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was carried out as a double-blind randomized clinical trial. Ninety patients were entered in two parallel groups taking either FFP or normal saline (N/S). Patients' selection criteria for both groups were: severe closed head injury (Glasgow coma scale < or =8), no mass lesion required evacuation and no history of coagulopathy. The clinical findings, laboratory data, computed tomography (CT) scans and Glasgow outcome scale after 1 month were assessed and compared in two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 90 patients, 44 received FFP and 46 received N/S. The development of new intracerebral hematoma in follow-up CT scans were more common in the FFP group than the N/S group (p=0.012). Both groups showed similar frequency of poor outcome (p=0.343). The mortality was significantly more common in the FFP group than in the N/S group (63% versus 35%, p=0.006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The result of this study revealed that early empirical infusion of FFP in patients with severe head injury may lead to adverse effects, such as an increase in the frequency of DTICH and an increase in the mortality.
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgical Department, Shahid Kamyab (Emdadi) Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran. etemadrezaiens@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Etemadrezaie
authors.forename: Humain
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baharvahdat
authors.forename: Zhaleh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shariati
authors.forename: Shahrzad M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lari
authors.forename: Mohammad T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Shakeri
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ganjeifar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D023261:Glasgow Outcome Scale; D016489:Head Injuries, Closed / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D020198:Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010949:Plasma; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed