title: [The channels for important new knowledge to medical doctors. The case of Helicobacter pylori and stomach and duodenal ulcers.].
abstract: A retrospective survey of the flow of information to medical doctors as regards the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and stomach and duodenal ulcer and other gastrointestinal diseases. This is the Icelandic part of a joint study in five Nordic countries.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the research was to assess the effectiveness of different sources of information, to measure the length of time it takes for the information to spread and influence medical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The information was collected with the help of questionnaires that were sent to 159 general practitioners (GP) and 110 physicians in three medical specialities. Among the questions asked were when and how the information had reached the respondents and when and how it had influenced their medical practices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The knowledge about Helicobacter pylori had generally reached medical doctors six to eight years after it first appeared in the medical journals and had three years later led to changes in the routine examinations and treatment. The specialists got the news one to three years earlier than the GPs and also started to prescribe antibiotics one to three years earlier. The most frequently cited source of information was international medical journals, then scientific conferences, colleagues and The Icelandic Medical Journal. The most important source was considered to be international medical journals, then scientific conferences and colleagues. A certain difference was found between GPs and the specialist doctors. More GPs said they had got information from the pharmaceutical industry or through The Icelandic Medical Journal and relied on clinical diagnosis. More specialist doctors considered the most important source of new knowledge to be the colleagues, they also said they used endoscopy and took tissue samples more often and more often considered it correct to do so.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only a decade after the first reports on Helicobacter pylori appeared in medical journals most Icelandic doctors had got the knowledge and were prescribing appropriate treatment, the specialist doctors in the lead. International medical journals spread the news most effectively but The Icelandic Medical Journal played only a minor role. The question is if the process could have been accelerated any further by some more hitting Icelandic news and by more definite initiative in framing guidelines.
authors.affiliation: East-Iceland Health Institution, 700 Egilsstœðum, Iceland. audbergur@hsa.is.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jónsson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rautanen
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hjalt
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lœfroth