title: Genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators: using genetics and molecular design to understand complex physiology.
abstract: This article reviews genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators (GECIs), with a focus on the use of these novel molecules in the context of understanding complex cell signalling in mammals, in vivo. The review focuses on the advantages and limitations of specific GECI design strategies and the results of experiments in which these molecules have been expressed in transgenic mice, concentrating particularly on recent experiments from our laboratory in which physiological signalling could be monitored in vivo. Finally, newer strategies for effective genetic specification of GECIs are briefly reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401, USA. mik7@cornell.edu
authors.forename: Michael I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Kotlikoff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D022202:Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005453:Fluorescence; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins