title: Cerebral metabolic and structural alterations in hereditary spastic paraplegia with thin corpus callosum assessed by MRS and DTI.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hereditary spastic paraplegia with thin corpus callosum (HSP-TCC) is a complicated form of autosomal-recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia. Characteristic clinical features comprise progressive spastic gait, cognitive impairment, and ataxia. Diagnostic MRI findings include thinning of the corpus callosum and non-progressive white matter (WM) alterations.
  
  
  METHODS
  To study the extent of axonal involvement, we performed localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the cerebral WM and cortical grey matter (GM) in a patient with HSP-TCC at 20 and 25 years of age. The second investigation included diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  While MRS of the GM was normal, affected WM was characterized by major metabolic alterations such as reduced concentrations of N-acetylaspartate and N-acetylaspartyl-glutamate, creatine and phosphocreatine, and choline-containing compounds as well as elevated levels of myo-inositol. These abnormalities showed progression over a period of 5 years. DTI revealed increased mean diffusivity as well as reduced fractional anisotropy in periventricular WM. The metabolic and structural findings are consistent with progressive neuroaxonal loss in the WM accompanied by astrocytic proliferation-histopathological changes known to occur in HSP-TCC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results are in agreement with the hypothesis that the primary pathological process in HSP-TCC affects the axon, possibly due to impaired axonal trafficking.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Georg August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Steffi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dreha-Kulaczewski
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dechent
authors.forename: Gunther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Helms
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frahm
authors.forename: Jutta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gärtner
authors.forename: Knut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brockmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015419:Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*