title: Induction of interferon-gamma by Taenia crassiceps glycans and Lewis sugars in naive BALB/c spleen and peritoneal exudate cells.
abstract: Helminth parasites are known to alter host immune responses and the responsible molecules are a potential source of biological immunoadjuvants. Previously, we have reported strong Th-2 type immunomodulatory properties of Taenia crassiceps glycans. In this study, we report interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) stimulatory activity of fractionated Taenia glycans and Lewis sugars with comparable glycan composition. Our data show that Taenia glycans and Lewis X pentasaccharide are potent stimulators of the Th-1 type cytokine IFN-gamma. We postulate that the terminal beta-(1-4)-galactose residue in Lewis X is associated with IFN-gamma stimulation from naive BALB/c mouse spleen and peritoneal exudate cells. Antibodies to toll-like receptors (TLRs) inhibited the Lewis X-induced IFN-gamma secretion. Lewis X up-regulated the expression of NF-kappaB p65 from naive spleen cells and IFN-gamma transcription in peritoneal exudate cells. These data demonstrate the ability of Lewis type helminth glycans to modulate host responses in a Th-1 direction via NF-kappaB p65, IFN-gamma and macrophage TLRs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, U.A.E. University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. sendiss@uaeu.ac.ae
authors.forename: Senarath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dissanayake
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shahin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002458:Cell Fractionation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016256:Lewis X Antigen / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D013621:Taenia / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D016256:Lewis X Antigen; D011134:Polysaccharides; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D007371:Interferon-gamma