title: Proteomic analysis of the effects of cocaine on the enhancement of HIV-1 replication in normal human astrocytes (NHA).
abstract: The US is experiencing an epidemic of cocaine use entangled with HIV-1 infection. Normal human astrocytes (NHA) are susceptible to HIV-1 infection. We utilized LTR-R/U5 amplification, p24 antigen assay and the proteomic method of difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) combined with protein identification through HPLC-MS/MS to investigate the effect of cocaine on HIV-1 infectivity and the proteomic profile of NHA, respectively. Data demonstrate that cocaine significantly upregulates HIV-1 infection in NHA as measured by LTR-R/U5 amplification and p24 antigen assay. Further, our results show for the first time that cocaine differentially regulates the expression of a number of proteins by NHA that may play a role in the neuropathogenesis of HIV-1 disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo General Hospital, 100 High Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA. jlr8@buffalo.edu
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Supriya D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bindukumar
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sykes
authors.forename: Stanley A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Madhavan P N
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Nair
mesh_terms: D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D002460:Cell Line; D003042:Cocaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000187:drug effects*; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016325:HIV Long Terminal Repeat / Q000187:drug effects; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000494:pharmacology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D040901:Proteomics; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012016:Reference Values; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012313:RNA; D003042:Cocaine