title: A functional M196R polymorphism of tumour necrosis factor receptor type 2 is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study and a meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform a case-control study of a functional M196R polymorphism of tumour necrosis factor receptor type 2 (TNF-RII) in a Japanese population and a meta-analysis of all published reports on the polymorphism to investigate the association of the M196R polymorphism of TNF-RII with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  The functional M196R polymorphism of TNF-RII was genotyped by using polymerase chain reaction combined with the subsequent single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis for screening, followed by nucleotide sequencing for confirmation. A total of 331 patients and 359 controls were subjected to a case-control study. A meta-analysis of the available case-control studies including all published data as well as our own data was performed to investigate the association of the functional M196R polymorphism of TNF-RII with SLE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our case-control study did not show any significant association of a functional M196R polymorphism of TNF-RII with SLE, although there was a trend towards association. A meta-analysis of seven case-control studies in eight different ethnic populations including our own showed that 196M/R and 196R/R genotypes combined was significantly associated with an increased risk of SLE (odds ratio (OR) 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04 to 1.60; p = 0.02). Stratification by ethnicity showed a more significant association in Asians, including Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.78; p = 0.006). The effect of the 196R allele on SLE was not clear in Caucasians.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 196R allele of the functional M196R polymorphism of TNF-RII is a risk factor for SLE, especially in the Asian population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. horiuchi@intmed1.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
authors.forename: Chikako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kiyohara
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sawabe
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Furugo
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshizawa
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Yasutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimoto
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mitoma
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harashima
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshizawa
authors.forename: Terufumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimoda
authors.forename: Seiich
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harada
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II