title: State-of-the-art blood saving techniques.
abstract: Preoperative autologous donation, the use of erythropoietin, acute normovolaemic haemodilution, acceptance of minimal perioperative haemoglobin levels, the use of specific drugs (aprotinin, antifibrinolytics), cell saving and a meticulous surgical technique aimed at minimizing blood loss have all been described as blood saving techniques. Each has proved effective in reducing the need for allogeneic blood transfusions. With an appropriate selection of patients, all techniques can be used efficiently.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland. donat.spahn@ifa.usz.ch
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Spahn
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pasch