title: Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of some Indian medical plants.
abstract: Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was assayed from six species belonging to different families traditionally used for the treatment of gout and related symptoms by indigenous people of India. The aqueous, methanol-water mixture and methanolic extract of these plants were used for the experiment. Of the 18 extracts assayed, 14 extracts demonstrated xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity at 100 microg/ml, among which 10 extracts showed an inhibition greater than 50% and IC(50) values below 100 microg/ml. The methanolic extracts of Coccinia grandis, Datura metel, Strychnos nux-vomica and Vitex negundo showed more than 50% inhibition, hence, they were screened for their in vivo hypouricaemic activity against potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricaemia in mice. Methanolic extracts of Coccinia grandis and Vitex negundo showed a significant decrease in the serum urate level (3.90+/-0.07 mg/dl, P<0.001) and (6.26+/-0.06 mg/dl, P<0.01), respectively, when compared to hyperuricaemic control (11.42+/-0.14 mg/dl). This effect is almost similar to the serum urate level of allopurinol (3.89+/-0.07 mg/dl).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Siddhapudur, Coimbatore 641044, Tamil Nadu, India. umasaravanaprakash@gmail.com
authors.forename: Muthuswamy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umamaheswari
authors.forename: Kuppusamy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: AsokKumar
authors.forename: Arumugam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Somasundaram
authors.forename: Thirumalaisamy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sivashanmugam
authors.forename: Varadharajan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Subhadradevi
authors.forename: Thenvungal Kochupapy
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Ravi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007194:India; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D010094:Oxonic Acid; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D014527:Uric Acid; C489337:potassium oxonate; D010094:Oxonic Acid; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase