title: Sustained JNK signaling by proteolytically processed HPK1 mediates IL-3 independent survival during monocytic differentiation.
abstract: We studied monocytic differentiation of primary mouse progenitor cells to understand molecular mechanisms of differentiation. We found a tightly controlled non-apoptotic activation of caspase-3 that correlated with differentiation. Although caspase activity was already detected during monocytic differentiation, a caspase-3 target has not been identified yet. We show that hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1) is processed towards its N- and C-terminal fragments during monocytic differentiation. While HPK1 is an immunoreceptor-proximal kinase in T and B cells, its role in myeloid cells is elusive. Here, we show that the N-terminal cleavage product, HPK1-N, comprising the kinase domain, confers progenitor cell survival independent of the growth factor IL-3. Furthermore, HPK1-N causes differentiation of progenitor cells towards the monocytic lineage. In contrast to full-length kinase, HPK1-N is constitutively active causing sustained JNK activation, Bad phosphorylation and survival. Blocking of caspase activity during differentiation of primary mouse progenitor cells leads to reduced HPK1-N levels, suppressed JNK activity and attenuated monocytic differentiation. Our work explains growth factor-independent survival during monocytic differentiation by caspase-mediated processing of HPK1 towards HPK1-N.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institute for Physiological and Clinical Research, WG Kerckhoff-Institute, Parkstrasse 1, D-61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany. fkiefer@gwdg.de
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Krammer
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kiefer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology; D014162:Transfection; D051025:bcl-Associated Death Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007377:Interleukin-3; D051025:bcl-Associated Death Protein; C102102:hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D053148:Caspase 3