Superficial transitional cell carcinoma: bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and other intravesical agents.
Adjuvant immuno- and/or chemotherapy intravesically has become a standard at least for patients with intermediate or high risk for recurrence. Whereas in the past cystectomy was a first-line therapy for patients with carcinoma in situ or high-grade T1 bladder tumor, radical surgery is today reserved for non-BCG responders or early recurrent disease.
Kurth
K H
KH
Department of Urology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Urologie@AMC.UVA.NL