title: Apoptosis induced by all-trans retinoic acid in N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V repressed human hepatocarcinoma cells is mediated through endoplasmic reticulum stress.
abstract: We previously demonstrated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was triggered in human hepatocarcinoma 7721 cells transfected with antisense cDNA of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V-AS/7721) which were more susceptible to apoptosis induced by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). In the present study, we report that ATRA-induced apoptosis in GnT-V-AS/7721 cells is mediated through ER stress. We show here that ER stress is enhanced in GnT-V-AS/7721 cells with 80 microM ATRA treatment for 24 h, which is evidenced by the increase of GRP78/Bip, C/EBP-homologous protein-10 (CHOP, also known as GADD153) and spliced XBP1. Additionally, activation of caspase-12, caspase-9, and -3 was detected, and apoptosis morphology was observed in GnT-V-AS/7721 cells with ATRA treatment. These results suggest that ATRA enhances the ER stress triggered in GnT-V-AS/7721 cells, which represents a novel mechanism of ATRA to induce apoptosis. We further observed that GnT-V was significantly repressed and the structure of N-glycans was changed in GnT-V-AS/7721 cells with 80 microM ATRA treatment for 24 h, suggesting that repression of GnT-V by ATRA causes the enhanced ER stress and ER stress-mediated apoptosis in GnT-V-AS/7721 cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Ying-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Kai-Yi
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Zong-Hou
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001483:Base Sequence; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017931:DNA Primers; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; C000717247:HSPA5 protein, human; D014212:Tretinoin; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases; C037649:N-acetyllactosaminide beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase; D020169:Caspases