title: Phylogenetic analysis of "Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis" isolates from pet cats in the United Kingdom, Australia, and South Africa, with analysis of risk factors for infection.
abstract: Two hemotropic mycoplasmas have been recognized in cats, Mycoplasma haemofelis and "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum." We recently described a third feline hemoplasma species, designated "Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis," in a Swiss cat with hemolytic anemia. This isolate induced anemia after experimental transmission to two specific-pathogen-free cats and analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed its close relationship to rodent hemotropic mycoplasmas. The agent was recently shown to be prevalent in Swiss pet cats. We sought to investigate the presence and clinical importance of "Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis" infection in pet cats outside of Switzerland and to perform the molecular characterization of isolates from different countries. A "Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis"-specific real-time PCR assay was applied to blood samples from 426 United Kingdom (UK), 147 Australian, and 69 South African pet cats. The 16S rRNA genes of isolates from different countries were sequenced and signalment and laboratory data for the cats were evaluated for associations with "Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis" infection. Infections were detected in samples from UK, Australian, and South African pet cats. Infection was associated with the male gender, and "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum" and M. haemofelis coinfection. Coinfected cats exhibited significantly lower packed cell volume (PCV) values than uninfected cats. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that some Australian and South African "Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis" isolates branched away from the remaining isolates. In summary, "Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis" infection in pet cats exists over a wide geographical area and significantly decreased PCV values are observed in cats coinfected with other feline hemoplasmas.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Laboratory, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland, and Bryanston Veterinary Hospital, South Africa.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Willi
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tasker
authors.forename: Felicitas S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Boretti
authors.forename: Marcus G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Doherr
authors.forename: Valentino
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cattori
authors.forename: Marina L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Meli
authors.forename: Remo G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Lobetti
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: Claudia E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Reusch
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hofmann-Lehmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic / Q000382:microbiology; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001769:Blood / Q000382:microbiology; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D002415:Cats; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009174:Mycoplasma / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009175:Mycoplasma Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S