title: Effects of social stimuli on laughing and smiling in young children with Angelman syndrome.
abstract: The effects of social stimuli present and absent on laughing and smiling in 2 young children with Angelman syndrome were assessed via a multielement design. Results indicated that laughing and smiling for either child was unaffected by the social stimuli assessed in the social interaction condition. Results are discussed in terms of the effects of biological variables and environmental stimuli on children with specific genetic disorders across the lifespan.
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, USA. drichman@uiuc.edu
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Richman
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gernat
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Teichman
mesh_terms: D017204:Angelman Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002884:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007845:Laughter; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010988:Play and Playthings; D012056:Reinforcement, Social; D012904:Smiling; D012919:Social Behavior; D012931:Social Environment