Caries-risk assessment: the role of salivary tests.
Although the incidence of caries has diminished dramatically over the past 3 decades, small groups of subjects remain highly susceptible and do not respond to conventional preventive programs. An accurate individual caries-risk assessment allows to identify the etiological factors responsible for the disease and design a rational approach to treatment, addressed to the specific needs of the patients. The use of appropriate caries-risk prediction models, which include the use of simple chairside caries-susceptibility salivary tests, is the most suitable and modern approach to the problem. A review of the literature on salivary tests, at present available, able to identify the factors contributing to caries susceptibility, is presented. Each test is accurately described, with regard both to its procedure and the interpretation of its results:
D'Amario
M
M
Department of Surgical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Barone
A
A
Marzo
G
G
Giannoni
M
M
D003731:Dental Caries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D012472:Salivation; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015003:Yeasts / Q000302:isolation & purification