title: In vitro microtensile bond strength of four adhesives tested at the gingival and pulpal walls of Class II restorations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors compared the microtensile bond strength of teeth restored with four adhesives at the gingival and pulpal cavity walls of Class II resin-based composite restorations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five pairs of extracted third molars received two Class II preparations/restorations in each tooth. The authors randomly assigned each preparation to one of four adhesive groups: Adper Scotchbond Multipurpose Dental Adhesive (SBMP) (3M ESPE, St. Paul, Minn.), Clearfil SE Bond (CFSE) (Kuraray America, New York City), Prime & Bond NT (PBNT) (Dentsply Caulk, Milford, Del.) and PQ1 (Ultradent, South Jordan, Utah). They restored the teeth and obtained microtensile specimens from each cavity wall. Specimens were tested on a testing machine until they failed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (+/- standard deviation) bond strengths (in megapascals) were as follows: SBMP (pulpal), 36.4 (17.2); SBMP (gingival), 29.7 (15.3); CFSE (pulpal), 50.8 (13.6); CFSE (gingival), 50.2 (14.0); PBNT (pulpal), 38.3 (19.2); PBNT (gingival), 38.9 (17.7); PQ1 (pulpal), 58.7 (8.7); and PQ1 (gingival), 54.5 (18.5). A two-way analysis of variance found an adhesive effect (P < .001) but no location effect (P >.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PQ1 and CFSE performed the best. The results showed no significant difference in microtensile bond strength at the gingival wall versus the pulpal wall.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under in vitro conditions, a total-etch ethanol-based adhesive (PQ1) failed cohesively more often than did the other adhesives tested.
authors.affiliation: Departmernt of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 650 E. 25th Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA. purkj@umjc.edu
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Purk
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Healy
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dusevich
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Glaros
authors.forename: J David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Eick
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000269:Adhesives / Q000737:chemistry*; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000145:classification; D003782:Dental Pulp; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000145:classification*; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005881:Gingiva; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C119199:PermaQuik; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C425843:Prime and Bond NT; D019279:Resin Cements; C084018:Scotchbond Multi-Purpose; D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol