title: [Endoscopic surgery for nasopharyngeal angiofibroma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the efficacy and the surgical techniques of transnasal endoscopic procedure for juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one nasopharyngeal angiofibroma patients were treated using transnasal endoscopic approach. They were divided into group A (without intracranial extension) and group B (minimal intracranial extension) according to the staging of Sessions. The patients were treated mostly with endoscopic surgery. In two midfacial operations cases, endoscopy was also used. The staging, average blood loss during surgery, tumor residual, and (or) recurrent tumor were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group A (19 cases) had an average blood loss of 1000 ml. Nineteen patients had no residual or recurrent tumor over a follow-up of 8-24 months. Group B (2 cases) had an average blood loss of 1500 ml. One of the patients had minimal residual tumor around the cavernous sinus, but showed no progression over a follow-up of 2 years. Another patient had no residual or recurrent tumor over a follow-up of 8 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggests that transnasal endoscopic surgical techniques can be used to treat JNA which either limited to nasal and nasopharyngeal cavities or and the tumor with sphenoid and ethmoid invasions and even minimal intracranial extension.
authors.affiliation: Hospital of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of SUN Yat-Sen University, Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Xiang-min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yi-shu
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: Wei-ping
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: De-le
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018322:Angiofibroma / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D009666:Nose / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult