title: Update on cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: Investigations into cardiopulmonary bypass continue to refine knowledge and clinical practice. Recent investigations have emphasized neurological complications, introducing the possibility of genetic predisposition as a risk factor. Appropriate flows, pressures, and hematocrit levels during cardiopulmonary bypass continue to create controversy. Whereas previous debate has centered around appropriate temperature management, recent discussions consider the possibility that mild hypothermia after cardiopulmonary bypass might be neuroprotective. Meta-analyses and prospective investigations continue to suggest the virtual equivalence of aprotinin and lysine analogues in reducing bleeding and transfusion after cardiopulmonary bypass. Several recent studies identified the mechanisms and severity of the inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass, as well as possible techniques for attenuating inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA. gravlee.1@osu.edu
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Gravlee