Nutrient intake in community-dwelling adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa and in healthy adolescents.
BACKGROUND
Adolescence is a common time for the onset of anorexia nervosa (AN), a condition associated with long-term medical and hormonal consequences.


OBJECTIVE
The objective was to compare the nutrient intakes of community-dwelling girls with AN with those of healthy adolescents and to describe the associations between specific nutrient intakes and nutritionally dependent hormones.


METHODS
Nutrient intakes in 39 community-dwelling girls with AN and 39 healthy adolescents aged 12.1-18.7 y were determined by using 4-d food records. Fasting adiponectin, leptin, ghrelin, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations were measured. Indirect calorimetry was used to assess respiratory quotient and resting energy expenditure.


RESULTS
In contrast with the control group, the AN group consumed fewer calories from fats (P < 0.0001) and more from carbohydrates (P = 0.0009) and proteins (P < 0.0001). Intake of individual fat components was lower and of dietary fiber higher in the AN group. No significant between-group differences were observed in dietary intakes of calcium, zinc, and iron; however, total intake was greater in the AN group because of greater supplement use (P = 0.006, 0.02, and 0.01, respectively). The AN group had greater intakes of vitamins A, D, and K and of most of the B vitamins, and significantly more girls with AN met the Dietary Reference Intake for calcium (P = 0.01) and vitamin D (P = 0.02) from supplement use. Fat intake predicted ghrelin, insulin, and IGF-I concentrations; carbohydrate intake predicted adiponectin. Resting energy expenditure was lower (P < 0.0001) and leisure activity levels higher in the AN group.


CONCLUSIONS
Despite outpatient follow-up, community-dwelling girls with AN continue to have lower fat and higher fiber intakes than do healthy adolescents, which results in lower calorie intakes. Nutritionally related hormones are associated with specific nutrient intakes.
Misra
Madhusmita
M
Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. mmisra@partners.org
Tsai
Patrika
P
Anderson
Ellen J
EJ
Hubbard
Jane L
JL
Gallagher
Katie
K
Soyka
Leslie A
LA
Miller
Karen K
KK
Herzog
David B
DB
Klibanski
Anne
A
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000097:blood; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D015519:Bone Density; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D015930:Diet Records; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D054439:Ghrelin; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000097:blood; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage
D052242:Adiponectin; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D054439:Ghrelin; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D014131:Trace Elements; D014815:Vitamins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I