title: Intraobserver and interobserver agreement, reproducibility, and accuracy of computed tomographic measurements of pituitary gland dimensions in healthy dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the reproducibility and accuracy of computed tomographic (CT) measurements of pituitary gland dimensions in healthy dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  35 healthy sexually intact adult dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  2 observers independently viewed CT images of the skull in 35 dogs twice. Pituitary gland height, width, length, and volume and pituitary gland height-to-brain area ratio (P:B ratio) were measured or calculated. Intraobserver and interobserver agreement indexes (AIs) were calculated for pituitary gland dimensions. Computed tomography was performed also on 5 phantoms, and both observers measured phantom dimensions twice. True-value AIs were calculated for the phantom study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean +/- SD interobserver AI between observer 1 and 2 for pituitary gland height and the P:B ratio was 0.90 +/- 0.07. The intraobserver AI for pituitary gland height and the P:B ratio was 0.97 +/- 0.04 for observer 1 and 0.94 +/- 0.04 for observer 2. The intra and interobserver AIs for the other dimensions were lower than those for pituitary gland height and the P:B ratio. All phantom dimensions on CT images were underestimated significantly, compared with their true values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intra- and interobserver AIs for pituitary gland dimension measurements on CT images were high. However, the same observer preferably should perform serial measurements. Window settings influence pituitary gland dimension measurements, and predetermined window settings are recommended to make comparisons among dogs. Pituitary gland dimension measurements made from CT images in our study underestimated the true values.
authors.affiliation: Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Roselinda H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: van der Vlugt-Meijer
authors.forename: Björn P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Meij
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Voorhout
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000662:veterinary*