title: A pharmacokinetic study investigating the rate of absorption of a 500 mg dose of a rapidly absorbed paracetamol tablet and a standard paracetamol tablet.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A rapidly absorbed tablet formulation of paracetamol containing sodium bicarbonate (PS) has been previously shown to be absorbed at least twice as fast as a standard paracetamol tablet (P) at a 1 g dose. In South America and Asia it is customary for patients to take a 500 mg dose of analgesic. The objective of this pharmacokinetic study was to compare the rate of absorption of PS versus P at a 500 mg dose.
  
  
  METHODS
  An open, randomized, single dose, cross-over study. Thirty Hispanic healthy volunteers randomly received a 500 mg dose taken orally with 50 mL of water 2 h after a standard breakfast. Blood samples were taken up to 10 h post-dose. Plasma concentrations of paracetamol were determined by HPLC with UV detection.
  
  
  METHODS
  AUC(0-30 min), C(plasma 30 min) and T(max) were analyzed non-parametrically by the Wilcoxon's rank sum test. A linear mixed effects model was used to analyze the logarithmically transformed AUC(0-alpha) and C(max). Bioequivalence was accepted if the 90% confidence intervals (CI) for the ratio of the means of the primary pharmacokinetic variable AUC(0-alpha) lay completely within the range 0.80-1.25.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AUC(0-30 min) and C(plasma 30 min) were significantly greater and T(max) was significantly shorter (all p < 0.0001) for PS versus P. The formulations were bioequivalent for AUC(0-alpha) (90% CI 0.99:1.05) and no statistical difference was seen for C(max) (95% CI 0.91:1.14).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Paracetamol was absorbed at least twice as fast from PS compared to P at a 500 mg dose. The extent of absorption was equivalent for both formulations.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Español-Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ibáñez
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luján
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Grattan
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Burnett
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000328:Adult; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D013607:Tablets
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D013607:Tablets; D000082:Acetaminophen; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate