title: sE-Selectin expression and A561C polymorphism in relation to rheumatoid arthritis clinical activity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship of A561C polymorphism and sE-selectin levels with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) clinical activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a case-control study, we compared 60 patients with RA and 60 healthy subjects. Patients fulfilled the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria. Soluble E-selectin levels were measured from serum samples using the ELISA kit. We investigated E-selectin A561C polymorphism by the restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) technique. The disease activity was recorded with Spanish Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI), Spanish Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS), and Disease Activity Score (DAS28) scores. A p value < 0.05 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with RA showed higher sE-selectin levels than controls (mean 91.7 vs 39 ng/ml; p = 0.002). A positive correlation between sE-selectin and rheumatoid factor (RF), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Spanish HAQ-DI, and DAS28 scores was found. The E-selectin polymorphism analysis showed diminished frequency in RA of heterozygous A/C genotype and increased frequency of homozygous wild-type A/A genotype (p = 0.043, OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.125-16.167) versus A/C and A/A genotype in healthy subjects. No significant association between A561C polymorphism and clinical activity was present.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The sE-selectin, RF, and ESR, in addition to clinical indices, were associated with clinical activity in RA. We highlighted the presence of A/A genotype A561C polymorphism in our patients with RA.
authors.affiliation: Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Orientación en Inmunología-Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rosa Elena
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Navarro-Hernández
authors.forename: Edith
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oregón-Romero
authors.forename: Héctor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rangel-Villalobos
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Del Mercado
authors.forename: Sandra Luz
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Quezada
authors.forename: Monserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maldonado-González
authors.forename: Refugio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Torres-Vitela
authors.forename: José Francisco
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Valle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor / Q000097:blood; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D019040:E-Selectin; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor