title: Pre-steady state electrogenic events of Ca2+/H+ exchange and transport by the Ca2+-ATPase.
abstract: Native or recombinant SERCA (sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase) was adsorbed on a solid supported membrane and then activated with Ca(2+) and ATP concentration jumps through rapid solution exchange. The resulting electrogenic events were recorded as electrical currents flowing along the external circuit. Current transients were observed following Ca(2+) jumps in the absence of ATP and following ATP jumps in the presence of Ca(2+). The related charge movements are attributed to Ca(2+) reaching its binding sites in the ground state of the enzyme (E(1)) and to its vectorial release from the enzyme phosphorylated by ATP (E(2)P). The Ca(2+) concentration and pH dependence as well as the time frames of the observed current transients are consistent with equilibrium and pre-steady state biochemical measurements of sequential steps within a single enzymatic cycle. Numerical integration of the current transients recorded at various pH values reveal partial charge compensation by H(+) in exchange for Ca(2+) at acidic (but not at alkaline) pH. Most interestingly, charge movements induced by Ca(2+) and ATP vary over different pH ranges, as the protonation probability of residues involved in Ca(2+)/H(+) exchange is lower in the E(1) than in the E(2)P state. Our single cycle measurements demonstrate that this difference contributes directly to the reduction of Ca(2+) affinity produced by ATP utilization and results in the countertransport of two Ca(2+) and two H(+) within each ATPase cycle at pH 7.0. The effects of site-directed mutations indicate that Glu-771 and Asp-800, within the Ca(2+) binding domain, are involved in the observed Ca(2+)/H(+) exchange.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tadini-Buoninsegni
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bartolommei
authors.forename: Maria Rosa
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Moncelli
authors.forename: Rolando
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guidelli
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Inesi
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004563:Electrochemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D017136:Ion Transport; D008954:Models, Biological; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D011817:Rabbits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002118:Calcium