The effects of forgiveness therapy on depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress for women after spousal emotional abuse.
Emotionally abused women experience negative psychological outcomes long after the abusive spousal relationship has ended. This study compares forgiveness therapy (FT) with an alternative treatment (AT; anger validation, assertiveness, interpersonal skill building) for emotionally abused women who had been permanently separated for 2 or more years (M = 5.00 years, SD = 2.61; n = 10 per group). Participants, who were matched, yoked, and randomized to treatment group, met individually with the intervener. Mean intervention time was 7.95 months (SD = 2.61). The relative efficacy of FT and AT was assessed at p < .05. Participants in FT experienced significantly greater improvement than AT participants in depression, trait anxiety, posttraumatic stress symptoms, self-esteem, forgiveness, environmental mastery, and finding meaning in suffering, with gains maintained at follow-up (M = 8.35 months, SD = 1.53). FT has implications for the long-term recovery of postrelationship emotionally abused women.
Reed
Gayle L
GL
Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706-1386, USA. gaylelreed@charter.net
Enright
Robert D
RD
D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D001290:Attitude; D018585:Battered Women / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006167:Guilt; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008875:Middle Aged; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D012649:Self Concept; D012932:Social Facilitation; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000523:psychology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires