title: A new cytoplasmic male sterility system for hybrid seed production in Indian oilseed mustard Brassica juncea.
abstract: We report a novel cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) system in Brassica juncea (oilseed mustard) which could be used for production of hybrid seed in the crop. A male sterile plant identified in a microspore derived doubled haploid population of re-synthesized B. napus line ISN 706 was found to be a CMS as the trait was inherited from the female parent. This CMS, designated '126-1', was subsequently transferred to ten different B. juncea varieties and lines through inter-specific crosses followed by recurrent backcrossing. The F(1)s of inter-specific crosses were invariably partially fertile, but irrespective of the variety/line used, the recipient lines became progressively male sterile over five to seven generations and could be maintained by crossing the male sterile lines with their normal counterparts. The male sterile lines were found to be stable for the trait under both long and short day conditions. CMS lines when crossed with lines other than the respective maintainer line were restored for fertility, implying that any variety could act as a restorer for '126-1' cytoplasm in B. juncea. These unique features in maintenance and restoration of CMS lines coupled with near normal floral morphology of the CMS lines have allowed the use of '126-1' cytoplasm for hybrid seed production. The uniqueness of '126-1' has been further established by Southern hybridization with mitochondrial DNA probes and by a histological study of the development of male sterile anthers.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, 110021, New Delhi, India. sodhiys@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Sodhi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arumugam
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mukhopadhyay
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pental
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Pradhan
mesh_terms: D029688:Brassica napus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000235:genetics; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D005298:Fertility; D035264:Flowers / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006238:Haploidy; D006823:Hybrid Vigor; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D040582:Inheritance Patterns; D009149:Mustard Plant / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics*