title: Potent reduction of apolipoprotein B and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by short-term administration of an antisense inhibitor of apolipoprotein B.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Apolipoprotein B (apoB) is an important structural component of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and plays a key role in LDL-C transport and removal. Reduction in apoB synthesis is expected to reduce circulating LDL-C, a proven risk factor of cardiovascular disease. In the present study, we describe the outcome of the first-in-humans study on the safety and efficacy of an antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of apoB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation investigation conducted at a single site in 36 volunteers with mild dyslipidemia. The study utilized an initial single dose of 50 to 400 mg of ISIS 301012, a 20-mer oligonucleotide, followed by a 4-week multiple-dosing regimen with the same assigned dose. Safety was assessed by the incidence, severity, and relationship of adverse events to dose. Efficacy was determined by changes in serum apoB and LDL-C relative to baseline and placebo. The most common adverse event was erythema at the injection site (21 of 29 subjects). ApoB was reduced by a maximum of 50% (P=0.002) from baseline in the 200-mg cohort. This decrease in apoB coincided with a maximum 35% reduction of LDL-C (P=0.001). LDL-C and apoB remained significantly below baseline (P<0.05) up to 3 months after the last dose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of an antisense oligonucleotide to human apoB resulted in a significant, prolonged, and dose-dependent reduction in apoB and LDL-C. Although injection-site reactions were common, adherence to protocol was unaffected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, PO Box 22700, Room F4-159.2, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands. j.j.kastelein@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: John J P
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kastelein
authors.forename: Mark K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Wedel
authors.forename: Brenda F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: JoAnn D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: Rosie Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Emil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Rosanne M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Crooke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; C524142:mipomersen