title: Detection of early abnormalities in gastric function in first-degree relatives of patients with pernicious anemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pernicious anemia (PA), as many other autoimmune disorders, has a trend to appear in other members of the family of the affected patients. Although this fact has been recognized since some decades ago, less is known about the frequency with which the abnormalities detected in the patients appear also in their relatives, the correlations that exist among these abnormalities and to what extent these markers of the disease relate to serum cobalamin concentration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For these reasons we studied the values of some markers of PA in a group of 79 first-degree relatives and we detected that the most frequent abnormalities are a decrease in serum pepsinogen I (22.7% of cases), an increase in serum gastrin (16.5% of cases) and in parietal cell antibody at a titer >or=40 (23.4% of cases). From a functional point of view, a decrease in hydrogen excretion in a magnesium breath test, indicative of achlorhydria, is also frequent (29.1%). The fall in cobalamin concentration runs in parallel with these abnormalities. The concentration of this vitamin was below normal levels in as much as 15.2% of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings emphasize the need for searching for the presence of occult or latent PA in relatives of patients with this diagnosis, not only to prevent the development of anemia but also to avoid other undesirable consequences of cobalamin deficiency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain. jjunca@iconcologia.net
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Juncà
authors.forename: Paloma López
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: de Soria
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Granada
authors.forename: Alonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Márquez
mesh_terms: D000126:Achlorhydria / Q000175:diagnosis; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000752:Anemia, Pernicious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D001944:Breath Tests; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005755:Gastrins / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020116:Pepsinogen A / Q000097:blood; D012306:Risk; D014806:Vitamin B 12 Deficiency / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D005755:Gastrins; D006859:Hydrogen; D020116:Pepsinogen A