title: Transcriptome analysis of Aspergillus nidulans exposed to camptothecin-induced DNA damage.
abstract: We have used an Aspergillus nidulans macroarray carrying sequences of 2,787 genes from this fungus to monitor gene expression of both wild-type and uvsB(ATR) (the homologue of the ATR gene) deletion mutant strains in a time course exposure to camptothecin (CPT). The results revealed a total of 1,512 and 1,700 genes in the wild-type and uvsB(ATR) deletion mutant strains that displayed a statistically significant difference at at least one experimental time point. We characterized six genes that have increased mRNA expression in the presence of CPT in the wild-type strain relative to the uvsB(ATR) mutant strain: fhdA (encoding a forkhead-associated domain protein), tprA (encoding a hypothetical protein that contains a tetratrico peptide repeat), mshA (encoding a MutS homologue involved in mismatch repair), phbA (encoding a prohibitin homologue), uvsC(RAD51) (the homologue of the RAD51 gene), and cshA (encoding a homologue of the excision repair protein ERCC-6 [Cockayne's syndrome protein]). The induced transcript levels of these genes in the presence of CPT require uvsB(ATR). These genes were deleted, and surprisingly, only the DeltauvsC mutant strain was sensitive to CPT; however, the others displayed sensitivity to a range of DNA-damaging and oxidative stress agents. These results indicate that the selected genes when inactivated display very complex and heterogeneous sensitivity behavior during growth in the presence of agents that directly or indirectly cause DNA damage. Moreover, with the exception of UvsC, deletion of each of these genes partially suppressed the sensitivity of the DeltauvsB strain to menadione and paraquat. Our results provide the first insight into the overall complexity of the response to DNA damage in filamentous fungi and suggest that multiple pathways may act in parallel to mediate DNA repair.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café S/N, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Iran
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Malavazi
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Savoldi
authors.forename: Sônia Marli Zingaretti
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Di Mauro
authors.forename: Carlos Frederico Martins
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Menck
authors.forename: Steven D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Maria Helena de Souza
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.forename: Gustavo Henrique
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Goldman
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001233:Aspergillus nidulans / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000235:genetics*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects; D005800:Genes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D002166:Camptothecin