title: In vitro degradation of wheat straw by anaerobic fungi from small ruminants.
abstract: Anaerobic ruminal fungi may play an active role in fibre degradation as evidenced by the production of different fibrolytic enzymes in culture filtrate. In the present study, 16 anaerobic fungal strains were isolated from ruminal and faecal samples of sheep and goats. Based on their morphological characteristics they were identified as species of Anaeromyces, Orpinomyces, Piromyces and Neocallimastix. Isolated Neocallimastix sp. from goat rumen showed a maximum activity of CMCase (47.9 mIU ml(-1)) and filter paper cellulase (48.3 mIU ml(-1)), while Anaeromyces sp. from sheep rumen showed a maximum xylanolytic activity (48.3 mIU ml(-1)). The cellobiase activity for all the isolates ranged from 178.0-182.7 mIU ml(-1). Based on the enzymatic activities, isolated Anaeromyces sp. from sheep rumen and Neocallimastix sp. from goat rumen were selected for their potential of in vitro fibre degradation. The highest in vitro digestibility of NDF (23.2%) and DM (34.4%) was shown for Neocallimastix sp. from goat rumen, as compared to the digestibility of NDF and DM in the control group of 17.5 and 25.0%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Ankur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thareja
authors.forename: Anil K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Puniya
authors.forename: Gunjan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.forename: Ravinder
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagpal
authors.forename: Jatinder P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Sehgal
authors.forename: Pawan K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Kishan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002473:Cell Wall; D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005658:Fungi / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D006041:Goats; D020085:Neocallimastigales / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D012756:Sheep; D013045:Species Specificity; D014908:Triticum / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D002480:Cellulase