title: Vaginal microbicides.
abstract: This article reviews the current status of microbicide development and challenges faced in developing safe and effective compounds. The ever growing HIV pandemic, lack of effective vaccines against HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, concern about the vulnerability of women, and difficulty in condom negotiation are factors that drive the development of topical microbicides as a prophylactic method for women. The ideal microbicide needs to be safe and highly effective and not increase viral resistance or cause disruption of host defenses. Advances in the understanding of HIV transmission and the role of other sexually transmitted infections have allowed progress in development of microbicide candidates as clinical trials of potential agents are awaited.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Tufts University School of Medicine, The Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA. robrien@tufts-nemc.org
authors.forename: Rebecca Flynn
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: O'Brien
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D013089:Spermatocidal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D013089:Spermatocidal Agents; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies