title: Adenocarcinoma of the caecum metastatic to the bladder: an unusual cause of haematuria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary malignancies of colorectal origin can metastasise to the bladder. Reports are however extremely rare, particularly from the caecum.
  
  
  METHODS
  The report describes the case of a 45-year old male with Duke's B caecal carcinoma treated with a laparoscopically-assisted right hemicolectomy and adjuvant 5-Fluorouracil chemotherapy. Subsequently, a metastatic lesion to the bladder was demonstrated and successfully excised by partial cystectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In order that optimal therapeutic options can be determined, it is important for clinicians to distinguish between primary disease of the bladder and other causes of haematuria. Various immunohistochemical techniques attempt to differentiate primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder from secondary colorectal adenocarcinoma. Suspicion of metastatic disease must be raised when histologically unusual bladder tumours are identified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport, UK. bengrey@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: Benjamin R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Grey
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Satish B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Maddineni
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Brough
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary*; D002430:Cecal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D035583:Rare Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary*