[Molecular mechanism of replication and transcription of the influenza virus genome and host factors].
The genome of influenza A virus is a set of eight segmented- and single-stranded RNAs. A basic transcription and replication unit is the genome complexed with viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases and nucleoprotein (NP). For the efficient transcription and replication of the genome, not only viral factors but also host cell-derived factors are required. Although receptor and protease molecules play important roles in infection and pathogenicity, it is also possible that host factors involved in the virus genome function determine these. PB2, for instance, is reported to be a possible candidate for determination of the host range of avian influenza viruses. Here we summarize recent progresses in the molecular mechanism of the influenza virus genome transcription and replication and discuss the involvement of host factors in these processes.
Kawaguchi
Atsushi
A
Department of Infection Biology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
Nagata
Kyosuke
K
D000818:Animals; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics*; D004279:DNA, Viral; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D009698:Nucleoproteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics*
D004279:DNA, Viral; D009698:Nucleoproteins; C502893:PB2 protein, influenza virus; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase