title: Comparison of fMRI coregistration results between human experts and software solutions in patients and healthy subjects.
abstract: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) performed by echo-planar imaging (EPI) is often highly distorted, and it is therefore necessary to coregister the functional to undistorted anatomical images, especially for clinical applications. This pilot study provides an evaluation of human and automatic coregistration results in the human motor cortex of normal and pathological brains. Ten healthy right-handed subjects and ten right-handed patients performed simple right hand movements during fMRI. A reference point chosen at a characteristic anatomical location within the fMRI sensorimotor activations was transferred to the high resolution anatomical MRI images by three human fMRI experts and by three automatic coregistration programs. The 3D distance between the median localizations of experts and programs was calculated and compared between patients and healthy subjects. Results show that fMRI localization on anatomical images was better with the experts than software in 70% of the cases and that software performance was worse for patients than healthy subjects (unpaired t-test: P = 0.040). With 45.6 mm the maximum disagreement between experts and software was quite large. The inter-rater consistency was better for the fMRI experts compared to the coregistration programs (ANOVA: P = 0.003). We conclude that results of automatic coregistration should be evaluated carefully, especially in case of clinical application.
authors.affiliation: Study Group Clinical fMRI at the Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gartus
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geissler
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Foki
authors.forename: Amir Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Tahamtan
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pahs
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pinker
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trattnig
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beisteiner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002983:Clinical Competence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D015588:Observer Variation; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012984:Software; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric