title: Role of glutamate 243 in the active site of 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose synthase from Bacillus circulans.
abstract: 2-Deoxy-scyllo-inosose (DOI) synthase is involved in the biosynthesis of 2-deoxystreptamine-containing aminoglycoside antibiotics and catalyzes the carbocyclic formation from d-glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) into DOI. The reaction mechanism is proposed to be similar to that of dehydroquinate (DHQ) synthase in the shikimate pathway, and includes oxidation of C-4, beta-elimination of phosphate, reduction of C-4, ring opening, and intramolecular aldol cyclization. To investigate the reaction mechanism of DOI synthase, site-directed mutational analysis of three presumable catalytically important amino acids of DOI synthase derived from the butirosin producer Bacillus circulans (BtrC) was carried out. Steady state and pre-steady state kinetic analysis suggested that E243 of BtrC is catalytically involved in the phosphate elimination step. Further analysis of the mutant E243Q of BtrC using substrate analogue, glucose-6-phosphonate, clearly confirmed that E243 was responsible to abstract a proton at C-5 in G-6-P and set off phosphate elimination. This glutamate residue is completely conserved in all DOI synthases identified so far and the corresponding amino acid of DHQ synthase is completely conserved as asparagine. Therefore, this characteristic glutamate residue of DOI synthase is a key determinant to distinguish the reaction mechanism between DOI synthase and DHQ synthase as well as primary sequence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirayama
authors.forename: Fumitaka
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eguchi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001407:Bacillus / Q000201:enzymology*; D001665:Binding Sites; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002384:Catalysis; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate / Q000737:chemistry; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D007294:Inositol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D008190:Lyases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018698:Glutamic Acid; D007294:Inositol; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate; C075548:2-deoxyinosose; D008190:Lyases; C085631:2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose synthase