title: Distribution of symptom dimensions across Kraepelinian divisions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dimensional structures are established for many psychiatric diagnoses, but dimensions have not been compared between diagnostic groups.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the structure of dimensions in psychosis, to analyse their correlations with disease characteristics and to assess the relative contribution of dimensions v. diagnosis in explaining these characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Factor analysis of the OPCRIT items of 191 Maudsley Family Study patients with schizophrenia, mood disorders with psychosis, schizoaffective disorder, and other psychotic illnesses, followed by regression of disease characteristics from factor scores and diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five factors were identified (mania, reality distortion, depression, disorganisation, negative); all were more variable in schizophrenia than in affective psychosis. Mania was the best discriminator between schizophrenia and affective psychosis; the negative factor was strongly correlated with poor premorbid functioning, insidious onset and worse course. Dimensions explained more of the disease characteristics than did diagnosis, but the explanatory power of the latter was also high.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Kraepelinian diagnostic categories suffice for understanding illness characteristics, but the use of dimensions adds substantial information.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, SGDP Building, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK. d.dikeos@iop.kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Dimitris G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Dikeos
authors.forename: Harvey
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wickham
authors.forename: Colm
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: Muriel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walshe
authors.forename: Thordur
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sigmundsson
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bramon
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grech
authors.forename: Timothea
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toulopoulou
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: Pak C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Sham
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000341:Affective Disorders, Psychotic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis*