title: Estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) and inhibition of prostate cancer cell proliferation: studies on the possible mechanism of action in DU145 cells.
abstract: Estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) plays a protective role against uncontrolled cell proliferation. ERbeta is lost during prostate cancer (CaP) progression suggesting its direct involvement in contrasting tumor proliferation in this disease; however, the molecular mechanism at the basis of this effect has not been clearly defined yet. Possible molecular targets of ERbeta were assessed in DU145 cells, a CaP cell line expressing only ERbeta. Cells treated from 1 to 9 days with different doses of estradiol or diarylpropionitrile (DPN, an ERbeta-selective agonist) show a time-dependent decrease in cell proliferation. The reduced proliferation rate is accompanied by the stimulation of ERbeta expression and the increase of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. We demonstrate that the endogenous ERbeta is one of the mediator of the antiproliferative action of estrogens enhancing the synthesis of molecules such as p21 that control cell cycle, an effect amplified by the autoregulation of ERbeta expression. Our observations suggest that CaP, when expressing a functional ERbeta, might be sensitive to the antiproliferative action of estrogens; therefore, ERbeta specific agonists might be valid candidates for new pharmacological approaches to this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Center for Endocrinological Oncology, University of Milano, via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pravettoni
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mornati
authors.forename: P G V
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colciago
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Celotti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Negri-Cesi
mesh_terms: D015139:Blotting, Southern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D008297:Male; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D004958:Estradiol