title: The relative contribution of the small and large intestine to the absorption and metabolism of rutin in man.
abstract: Tomato juice containing rutin (quercetin-3-rutinoside) was ingested by healthy volunteers and ileostomists. Blood and urine collected over 24 h were analysed by HPLC with photodiode array (PDA) and tandem mass spectrometric detection. Low concentrations of isorhamnetin-3-glucuronide (Cmax = 4.3 +/- 1.5 nmoles/l) and quercetin-3-glucuronide (Cmax = 12 +/- 2 nmoles/l) were detected in plasma of healthy subjects. Metabolites appeared in blood after 4 h indicating absorption from the large intestine. Nine metabolites of rutin were detected in urine but with considerable variation in total amount (40 +/- 1-4981 +/- 115 nmoles over 24 h). No metabolites were detected in plasma or urine of ileostomists and 86 +/- 3% of the ingested rutin was recovered in ileal fluid. In subjects with an intact large intestine, but not ileostomists, rutin was catabolised with the appearance of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid in urine accounting for 22% of rutin intake.
authors.affiliation: Plant Products and Human Nutrition Group, Graham Kerr Building, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
authors.forename: Indu B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Jaganath
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mullen
authors.forename: Christine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crozier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001628:Beverages; D001682:Biological Availability; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007081:Ileostomy; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007420:Intestine, Large / Q000502:physiology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000502:physiology*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011794:Quercetin / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D012431:Rutin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
chemical_list: C056067:rutin sulfate; D012431:Rutin; D011794:Quercetin