title: Imaging oxygenation of human tumours.
abstract: Tumour hypoxia represents a significant challenge to the curability of human tumours leading to treatment resistance and enhanced tumour progression. Tumour hypoxia can be detected by non-invasive and invasive techniques but the inter-relationships between these remains largely undefined. (18)F-MISO and Cu-ATSM-PET, and BOLD-MRI are the lead contenders for human application based on their non-invasive nature, ease of use and robustness, measurement of hypoxia status, validity, ability to demonstrate heterogeneity and general availability, these techniques are the primary focus of this review. We discuss where developments are required for hypoxia imaging to become clinically useful and explore potential new uses for hypoxia imaging techniques including biological conformal radiotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Paul Strickland Scanner Centre, Mount Vernon Hospital, Rickmansworth Road, Northwood, Middlesex, HA6 2RN, UK. anwar.padhani@paulstrickland-scannercentre.org.uk
authors.forename: Anwar R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Padhani
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Krohn
authors.forename: Jason S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alber
mesh_terms: D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen