title: Protective effect of melatonin against chlorpromazine-induced liver disease in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the possible protective effect of orally administered melatonin against Chlorpromazine (CPZ)-induced liver disease in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed this study in the College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad during the period from May to October 2004. The hepatoprotective effect of melatonin was studied through treatment of rats with single dose (10 mg Kg(-1)) orally, 7 days before and during the period of CPZ treatment, and 7 days after the induction of suspected hepatotoxicity. The parameters of oxidative stress, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in liver tissue homogenate, activities of the liver aminotransferases, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in serum, in addition to serum level of bilirubin (total and conjugated) were evaluated. Liver tissue sections were examined to follow histological changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of data showed that treatment with melatonin significantly attenuated the oxidative stress parameters as evidenced by lowering MDA levels in tissue homogenate while not affecting GSH levels. Serum activities of ALT, AST and serum bilirubin were normalized with both pre-treatment and post-treatment with melatonin. Data revealed that post-treatments with both saline and melatonin restore hepatic activity; however, melatonin showed significant reduction in ALT activity and bilirubin level than saline post-treatment. Additionally, histological evaluation revealed improvement of liver damage in this respect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presented data indicated that orally administered melatonin in pharmacological doses protects against CPZ-induced liver disease in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Collage of Pharmacy University of Baghdad, Iraq.
authors.forename: A'maal A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
authors.forename: Nada N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Al-Shawi
authors.forename: Ahmed H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Jwaied
authors.forename: Dalaram M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.forename: Saad A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hussain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000633:toxicity*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D008550:Melatonin; D002746:Chlorpromazine