title: One-year safety and efficacy of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for the management of macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) as treatment for macular edema associated with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was performed of data for 40 consecutive patients (40 eyes) with CRVO and macular edema treated with IVTA at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (Miami, FL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median duration of symptoms before the first injection was 3 months (range, 1 day to 8 years). Median Snellen visual acuity was 20/400 at baseline (range, 20/60 to light perception; n = 40), 20/300 at 1 month (P = 0.010; n = 37), 20/300 at 3 months (P = 0.007; n = 33), 20/400 at 6 months (P = 0.726; n = 28), and 8/200 at 1 year (P = 0.569; n = 17). Vision improved by > or =3 lines in 21% of eyes at 1 month, 27% at 3 months, 14% at 6 months, and 12% at 1 year. Visual acuity was unchanged from baseline in 71% of eyes at 6 months and 1 year. By 1 year, 50% of eyes received more than one injection (mean = 1.6 injections; range 1-4 injections). Overall, intraocular pressure increased by > or =10 mmHg in 24% of eyes at 1 year. Trabeculectomy was performed on 2 of 12 eyes with preexisting open-angle glaucoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IVTA can substantially improve vision in some patients, but most patients have stable visual acuity compared with baseline at 1 year despite repeated injections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.
authors.forename: Ninel Z
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Gregori
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Rosenfeld
authors.forename: Carmen A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Puliafito
authors.forename: Harry W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: Ji Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Elias C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Mavrofrides
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Smiddy
authors.forename: Timothy G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: Audina M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Berrocal
authors.forename: Ingrid U
authors.initials: IU
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gregori
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000601:surgery; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012170:Retinal Vein Occlusion / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014130:Trabeculectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000187:drug effects; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide