title: Inhaled human insulin ((insulin human [rDNA origin]) Inhalation Powder) in diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Inhaled human insulin ((insulin human [rDNA origin]) Inhalation Powder) is a prandial insulin approved in the EU and the US for the treatment of adults with diabetes. Its glycaemic control is comparable to subcutaneous insulin in Type 1 and 2 diabetes, and has superior efficacy versus oral antidiabetic agents in Type 2 diabetes. Hypoglycaemia and mild-to-moderate cough are the main side effects. The treatment group differences in pulmonary function occur early, and are small, nonprogressive for up to 2 years and reversible following discontinuation. Patient-reported outcomes data displays higher diabetes treatment satisfaction, improvements in some quality-of-life scores, and treatment preference with inhaled human insulin versus traditional means. Availability of inhaled insulin may increase insulin acceptance and thus improve glycaemic control in patients with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: UZ Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. chantal.mathieu@med.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mathieu
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011208:Powders
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; C473734:Exubera; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D011208:Powders