Chronic and cancer pain management.
OBJECTIVE
Chronic pain management in children is not recognized and treated adequately. The purpose of this review is to recognize some common chronic pain problems in children and offer guidelines for their management.


RESULTS
This points to newer research in understanding complex regional pain syndromes-type 1 in children. This review will also discuss some recent findings regarding pain management techniques in children particularly the use of intravenous regional anesthesia for sympathetic blockade for complex regional pain syndromes-type 1. Cancer pain and headache with a logical step ladder management will be discussed.


CONCLUSIONS
Although the under-treatment of chronic pain in children is still prevalent, it is important to understand the mechanisms and management of common pain problems in children and adolescents.
Suresh
Santhanam
S
Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Memorial Hospital, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA. ssuresh@northwestern.edu