title: Maternal upward socioeconomic mobility and black-white disparities in infant birthweight.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We estimate the extent to which upward socioeconomic mobility limits the probability that Black and White women who spent their childhoods in or near poverty will give birth to a low-birthweight baby.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and the 1970 US Census were used to complete a series of logistic regression models. We restricted multivariate analyses to female survey respondents who, at 14 years of age, were living in households in which the income-to-needs ratio did not exceed 200% of poverty.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For White women, the probability of giving birth to a low-birthweight baby decreases by 48% for every 1 unit increase in the natural logarithm of adult family income, once the effects of all other covariates are taken into account. For Black women, the relation between adult family income and the probability of low birthweight is also negative; however, this association fails to reach statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Upward socioeconomic mobility contributes to improved birth outcomes among infants born to White women who were poor as children, but the same does not hold true for their Black counterparts.
authors.affiliation: Columbia University, Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy, New York, NY 10027, USA. cc2557@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Cynthia G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Colen
authors.forename: Arline T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Geronimus
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bound
authors.forename: Sherman A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: James
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D008429:Maternal Welfare / Q000191:economics / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000639:trends*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011203:Poverty; D011287:Prejudice; D011336:Probability; D012937:Social Mobility / Q000191:economics* / Q000639:trends; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D035862:Vulnerable Populations; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*