title: Prognostic value of carcinoma-associated antigen MK-1 in urinary bladder carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study has been performed to evaluate the expression of MK-1 in schistosomiasis-associated squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder and to correlate this new marker with the conventional histopathological parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paraffin sections of 5-microm thickness from 81 cases were prepared for hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical analysis of MK-1 expression was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-six cases (56.8%) were positive for MK-1 protein expression. Significant correlations between MK-1 expression and tumor grade (p=0.004), schistosoma (p=0.031), DNA ploidy (p=0.001), and tumor recurrence (p<0.001) were observed. MK-1, sex, tumor grade, stage, schistosoma, DNA ploidy, and recurrence were evaluated in relation to outcome. Univariate and multivariate analysis of survival were performed. The overall 5-year survival was 51.85%. In univariate analysis, MK-1 expression, tumor grade, DNA ploidy, and recurrence had a significant impact on the survival of these patients. In a Cox proportional hazards model, recurrence maintained its significant impact on survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that MK-1 is a prognostic marker for recurrence: 34 (87.2%) of 39 recurrent cases were positive for MK-1 expression. However, only recurrence was an independent prognostic factor in patients with schistosomiasis- associated squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder.
authors.affiliation: Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Menoufiya University, Sadat City, Egypt. a.elkenawy@mailer.menofia.edu.eg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Meghawry El-Kenawy
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: El-kott
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hamed
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuroki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000032:analysis*; D000071858:Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C499379:EPCAM protein, human; D000071858:Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule