title: Dysphagia in stroke: Development of a standard method to examine swallowing recovery.
abstract: This study began development of a standard method that uses the videofluoroscopic swallow study for evaluation of swallowing recovery after stroke based on a definition of dysphagia derived from three domains: bolus timing, bolus direction, and bolus clearance. Two experiments were conducted: one that defined normal versus disordered swallowing based on the range of scores in a sample of healthy adults (n = 13), and one that applied these thresholds to nine stroke patients to identify the presence of dysphagia. Results indicate that acute and protracted dysphagia may be more accurately detected by identifying abnormalities on multiple objective measures of swallowing rather than on laryngeal penetration or aspiration alone. Results indicate that our selected measures and use of healthy control subjects to establish normal thresholds may eventually contribute to the definition and differentiation of dysphagic and nondysphagic patients. Further research with a broader sample of healthy controls and stroke patients is mandatory.
authors.affiliation: Research Service, New Orleans Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center (VAMC), New Orleans, LA 70112-1261, USA. stephanie.daniels@med.va.gov
authors.forename: Stephanie K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Daniels
authors.forename: Mae Fern
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: Maryellen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McClain
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Corey
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rosenbek
authors.forename: Anne L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Foundas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001037:Aphasia / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018715:Microscopy, Video; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications*