title: Insulin and obstructive sleep apnea in obese Chinese children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In adults, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. We aimed to establish correlation between OSA, serum lipid profile, and insulin levels in obese snoring children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive obese children with habitual snoring were recruited. They underwent physical examination, overnight polysomnography (PSG), and metabolic studies. OSA was diagnosed if apnea hypopnea index (AHI) > 1.0, and cases were considered to have moderate to severe OSA if AHI > 10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-four obese subjects with habitual snoring were studied. Seventy-three subjects were male and the median age of the studied group was 12.0 years (IQR 9.7-13.9). None of the subjects had active cardiopulmonary disease, and the BMI values of our subjects were >95th percentile using local reference charts. Sixty subjects had OSA, 47 being mild, and 13 being moderate to severe OSA. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that saturation nadir and insulin levels were significantly associated with OSA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OSA is prevalent among obese children with habitual snoring and insulin is independently associated with the condition. Its role in the cardiovascular complications of childhood sleep apnea is worthy of further exploration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR. albertmli@cuhk.edu.hk
authors.forename: Albert M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Michael H M
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Dorothy F Y
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Hugh S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Eric M C
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: So
authors.forename: Iris H S
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Christopher W K
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Edmund A S
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000208:ethnology; D017286:Polysomnography; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007328:Insulin