title: [Clinical treatment of venous malformations with retained copper needles].
abstract: OBJECTIVE; To evaluate a technique with retained copper needles for the treatment of venous malformations.
  
  
  METHODS
  With 78 venous malformation cases, there were three methods were applied for the treatment respectively, including copper needles in the lesion only, vascular ligation with the copper needles in the lesion, and electrical puncture with the copper needles in the lesion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were totally 96% effective rate achieved in this clinical data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The retained copper needles technique may be a simple and effective method for the treatment of venous, malformations resulting in vessel denaturation, fibrosis and disappearance of structure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of GuangXi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China. yingq61@163.com
authors.forename: Guo-Qian
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Shi-Hai
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Cheng-Wu
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Ming-De
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Fu-Ren
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Qing-Feng
authors.initials: QF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000628:therapy*; D055815:Young Adult