Genetic analysis of a novel Alaska barley yellow dwarf virus in the family Luteoviridae.
A new plant virus belonging to the family Luteoviridae and isolated from diseased oat (Avena sativa L.) plants was discovered in Alaska in 2003. Even though plants with red/orange leaves were indicative of barley yellow dwarf disease, they were not reactive to specific antibodies corresponding to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)-MAV, -PAV, -SGV, and cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). An alternative RT-PCR assay that incorporated Shu-F/Yan-R primers for detection of BYDV-MAV, -PAS, -PAV, and SGV was effective in producing approximately 830-nt fragments that contained genomic sequences to the 3'-terminus of the polymerase gene (ORF 2), the intergenic region ( approximately 113 nt), the coat protein gene (ORF 3), and the putative movement gene (ORF 4). The Alaskan isolates were most similar to BYDV-MAV with only about 77 and 80% amino acid identity in the CP and ORF 4, respectively. The Alaska isolates coat protein gene sequences differed in several regions that otherwise are conserved among BYDV-MAV isolates, and may be important in serological variations, accounting for the negative ELISA results. Based upon sequence and serological differences, we concluded that the Alaskan BYDV-MAV-like isolates formed a novel species tentatively in the genus Luteovirus, and propose the name BYDV-ORV (oat red-leaf virus).
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USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Subarctic Agricultural Research Unit, Arctic Germplasm Introduction and Research Project, University of Alaska-Fairbanks, Palmer Research Station, Palmer, AK 99645, USA. pfnlr@uaa.alaska.edu
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D000413:Alaska; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002213:Capsid / Q000737:chemistry; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D001467:Hordeum / Q000821:virology*; D017793:Luteovirus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010802:Phylogeny; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
D012367:RNA, Viral