title: Structural characterization of beta-sheeted oligomers formed on the pathway of oxidative prion protein aggregation in vitro.
abstract: The pathology of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) is strongly associated with the structural conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into a misfolded isoform (PrPSc) that assembles into amyloid fibrils. Since increased levels of oxidative stress have been linked to prion diseases, we investigated the metal-induced oxidation of human PrP (90-231). A novel in vitro conversion assay based on aerobic incubation of PrP in the presence of elemental copper pellets at pH 5 was established, resulting in aggregation of highly beta-sheeted prion proteins. We show for the first time that two discrete oligomeric species of elongated shape, approx. 25 mers and 100 mers, are formed on the pathway of oxidative PrP aggregation in vitro, which are well characterized regarding shape and size using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and electron microscopy (EM). Considering that small oligomers of highly similar size have recently been reported to show the highest specific infectivity within TSE-infected brain tissues of hamsters, the novel oligomers observed in this study are interesting candidates as agent causing neurodegenerative and/or self-propagating effects. Moreover, our results significantly strengthen the theory that oxidative stress might be an influence that leads to substantial structural conversions of PrP in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, c/o DESY, 22603 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Redecke
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Bergen
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Clos
authors.forename: Peter V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Konarev
authors.forename: Dimitri I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Svergun
authors.forename: Ursula E A
authors.initials: UE
authors.lastname: Fittschen
authors.forename: José A C
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Broekaert
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bruns
authors.forename: Dessislava
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Georgieva
authors.forename: Eckhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mandelkow
authors.forename: Nicolay
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Genov
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Betzel
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D003300:Copper / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008956:Models, Chemical; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D018621:PrPC Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D018621:PrPC Proteins; D003300:Copper