title: The use of contingency management and motivational/skills-building therapy to treat young adults with marijuana dependence.
abstract: Marijuana-dependent young adults (N = 136), all referred by the criminal justice system, were randomized to 1 of 4 treatment conditions: a motivational/skills-building intervention (motivational enhancement therapy/cognitive-behavioral therapy; MET/CBT) plus incentives contingent on session attendance or submission of marijuana-free urine specimens (contingency management; CM), MET/CBT without CM, individual drug counseling (DC) plus CM, and DC without CM. There was a significant main effect of CM on treatment retention and marijuana-free urine specimens. Moreover, the combination of MET/CBT plus CM was significantly more effective than MET/CBT without CM or DC plus CM, which were in turn more effective than DC without CM for treatment attendance and percentage of marijuana-free urine specimens. Participants assigned to MET/CBT continued to reduce the frequency of their marijuana use through a 6-month follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Division of Substance Abuse, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT 06516, USA. Kathleen.carroll@yale.edu
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: Caroline J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Easton
authors.forename: Charla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nich
authors.forename: Karen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hunkele
authors.forename: Tara M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Neavins
authors.forename: Rajita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: Haley L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: Sally A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Vitolo
authors.forename: Cheryl A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Doebrick
authors.forename: Bruce J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Rounsaville
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003416:Criminal Law; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000628:therapy*; D009042:Motivation; D012932:Social Facilitation