title: Open-label study of clarithromycin in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The macrolide family of antibiotics (erythromycin, clarithromycin, and others), have both antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects. This study explored the effect of clarithromycin on the clinical course of patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD) in a 12-week open-label study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The diagnosis of UCTD was based on symptoms/signs of connective tissue disease, and the presence of 1 or more positive autoimmune disease tests, but with insufficient criteria to make a definitive diagnosis. Screening and monthly follow-up visits over 12 weeks included the following: history and physical examination; concurrent medications; the 68/66 tender/swollen joint count; visual analog scores 0 to 100 mm for patient and physician global assessment of disease activity, and patient pain; antinuclear antibody panel, rheumatoid factor, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and blood chemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven patients with rheumatic disease were treated with clarithromycin; 6 of 7 had symptomatic relief. Two subjects treated empirically before the decision to perform an open-label study responded favorably. Four of 5 patients who completed the prospective open-label study had mean maximal improvements from baseline of 78, 75, and 79% in patient pain, patient global, and investigator global assessments, respectively. Pain relief occurred as early as 1 week. Drug withdrawal with rechallenge in 2 patients resulted in flare followed by recapture of symptomatic relief.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clarithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, led to clinical improvement in patients with UCTD. Efficacy and safety data support further investigation of macrolide antibiotic use as a primary or adjunctive treatment in various connective tissue diseases.
authors.affiliation: Case Western Reserve University of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA. rolliemoskowitz@aol.com
authors.forename: Roland W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Moskowitz
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lesko
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hooper
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001168:Arthritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D002805:Chondrocalcinosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003240:Connective Tissue Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D017291:Clarithromycin