Brain-controlled interfaces: movement restoration with neural prosthetics.
Brain-controlled interfaces are devices that capture brain transmissions involved in a subject's intention to act, with the potential to restore communication and movement to those who are immobilized. Current devices record electrical activity from the scalp, on the surface of the brain, and within the cerebral cortex. These signals are being translated to command signals driving prosthetic limbs and computer displays. Somatosensory feedback is being added to this control as generated behaviors become more complex. New technology to engineer the tissue-electrode interface, electrode design, and extraction algorithms to transform the recorded signal to movement will help translate exciting laboratory demonstrations to patient practice in the near future.
Schwartz
Andrew B
AB
Department of Neurobiology, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. abs21@pitt.edu
Cui
X Tracy
XT
Weber
Douglas J
DJ
Moran
Daniel W
DW
D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D003143:Communication Devices for People with Disabilities; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D005246:Feedback / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D014584:User-Computer Interface