title: Management of intersphincteric abscesses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intersphincteric abscesses are relatively rare, and in some cases of upward extensions in the supralevator plane, can be difficult to manage. The aim of this study was to analyse the type of treatment used in these abscesses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one intersphincteric abscesses treated by endoanal drainage in our colorectal unit between 1992 and 2004 were reviewed from our database; location and extension of the abscess, type of treatment and recurrence rates and the use of endoanal ultrasound were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety per cent of patients were male; 10 had a previous history of surgery for perianal abscess and suppuration (48%); 16 (76%) had a posterior location and five were anterolateral. Twelve patients had low intersphincteric abscesses and were treated by laying open the abscess and dividing the internal sphincter. Nine were found to have high extensions into the intermuscular planes and were treated by staged procedures: a temporary transanal mushroom catheter was used in seven patients. Endoanal ultrasound was used initially in seven patients (33.3%) and for the evaluation of definitive treatment in 11 (52%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low intersphincteric abscesses should be treated by de-roofing of the abscess and division of the internal sphincter up to a level of the dentate line. High intersphincteric abscesses are relatively frequent and mostly require staged surgery with a temporary mushroom (de Pezzer) catheter. Accurate anatomical ultrasound localization and proper drainage become important to avoid recurrences or extrasphincteric fistulas.
authors.affiliation: Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Clinic University Hospital, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. millanmonica@hotmail.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Millan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Granero
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Esclápez
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Flor-Lorente
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espí
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lledó
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D001004:Anus Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D002404:Catheterization; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D004322:Drainage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography