title: Prospective follow-up data from the ProGERD study suggest that GERD is not a categorial disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is a controversy as to whether gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) exists as a spectrum of disease severity or as a categorial disease in three distinct groups: nonerosive (NERD) and erosive reflux disease (ERD) and Barrett's esophagus (BE). Aim of the study was to assess progression or regression of GERD over 2 yr in a large cohort of patients (N = 3,894) under routine clinical care in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland (ProGERD study).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with predominant heartburn, with or without esophagitis, were recruited and classified according to endoscopic status at baseline, i.e., NERD, erosive reflux disease-Los Angeles (ERD-LA) grade A/B and ERD-LA grade C/D, and BE. After an initial treatment with esomeprazole, they were followed, regardless of their response. Medical therapy or endoscopy was initiated at the discretion of their primary care physician, in line with routine care. At 2 yr, endoscopy with biopsy was performed according to the protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 2 yr, 25% of patients who had NERD at baseline progressed to LA A/B and 0.6% to LA C/D; 1.6% of patients who had LA A/B progressed to LA C/D and 61% regressed to NERD; 42% of patients who had LA C/D regressed to LA A/B and 50% regressed to NERD (all figures exclude patients with confirmed BE at baseline). At 2 yr, 22% of patients had been off medication for at least 3 months. Patients with ERD-LA grade C/D were at greatest risk of developing BE: 5.8% compared with 1.4% for ERD-LA grade A/B and 0.5% for NERD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GERD does not seem to be a categorial disease. Progression and regression between grades was observed in this large cohort of patients under routine clinical care.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg/Essen, Ev. Jung-Stilling Hospital, Siegen, Germany.
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Labenz
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nocon
authors.forename: Tore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leodolter
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jaspersen
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meyer-Sabellek
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stolte
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vieth
authors.forename: Stefan N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Willich
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Malfertheiner
mesh_terms: D001471:Barrett Esophagus / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D064098:Esomeprazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D004941:Esophagitis / Q000473:pathology; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000145:classification* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D064098:Esomeprazole