title: Differential proinflammatory and angiogenesis-specific cytokine production in human pulmonary endothelial cells, HPMEC-ST1.6R infected with dengue-2 and dengue-3 virus.
abstract: In this study, the ability of dengue virus serotypes 2 (DENV-2) and 3 (DENV-3) to infect and induce increased production of proinflammatory cytokines in a pulmonary endothelial cell line (HPMEC-ST1.6R) was investigated. This cell line exhibits the major constitutive and inducible endothelial cell characteristics, as well as angiogenic response. DENV-2 and DENV-3 infection was confirmed by an observed cytopathic effect (CPE), as well as RT-PCR and immunofluorescence assays. Increases in Th-1 and Th-2 cytokines IL-4, IL-8, IL-6, IL-10, GM-CSF, INF-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) within DENV-2- and DENV-3-infected cells were demonstrated using a microbead-based Bio-plex assay. Proinflammatory cytokine increases and the expression of a potent angiogenic inducer protein, VEGF were confirmed by dot-blot analysis using the TranSignal Human Angiogenesis Antibody Array. Dengue virus-infected HPMEC-ST1.6R cells exhibited an elongated cytoplasmic morphology, possibly representing a response to VEGF and activation of angiogenesis. The increased levels of Th-1 cytokines and VEGF in DENV-2 virus infected-HPMEC-ST1.6R could be distinguished from those infected by DENV-3. This suggests that cytokine patterns associated with DENV infections may be serotype and strain-specific. The experimental approaches described here could be developed further into a useful diagnostic tool for the characterization of dengue hemorrhagic fever cases, leading to enhancement of treatment therapy.
authors.affiliation: Global Health Department, College of Public Health, 13201 Bruce B Downs Bvld., Tampa, FL 33612, USA. aazizan@hsc.usf.edu
authors.forename: Azliyati
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azizan
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sweat
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Espino
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gemmer
authors.forename: Lillian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.forename: Deno
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kazanis
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000502:physiology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000821:virology*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000821:virology; D008863:Microspheres; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D012367:RNA, Viral; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D014764:Viral Proteins