title: The lipidation status of acute-phase protein serum amyloid A determines cholesterol mobilization via scavenger receptor class B, type I.
abstract: During the acute-phase reaction, SAA (serum amyloid A) replaces apoA-I (apolipoprotein A-I) as the major HDL (high-density lipoprotein)-associated apolipoprotein. A remarkable portion of SAA exists in a lipid-free/lipid-poor form and promotes ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1)-dependent cellular cholesterol efflux. In contrast with lipid-free apoA-I and apoE, lipid-free SAA was recently reported to mobilize SR-BI (scavenger receptor class B, type I)-dependent cellular cholesterol efflux [Van der Westhuyzen, Cai, de Beer and de Beer (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280, 35890-35895]. This unique property could strongly affect cellular cholesterol mobilization during inflammation. However, in the present study, we show that overexpression of SR-BI in HEK-293 cells (human embryonic kidney cells) (devoid of ABCA1) failed to mobilize cholesterol to lipid-free or lipid-poor SAA. Only reconstituted vesicles containing phospholipids and SAA promoted SR-BI-mediated cholesterol efflux. Cholesterol efflux from HEK-293 and HEK-293[SR-BI] cells to lipid-free and lipid-poor SAA was minimal, while efficient efflux was observed from fibroblasts and CHO cells (Chinese-hamster ovary cells) both expressing functional ABCA1. Overexpression of SR-BI in CHO cells strongly attenuated cholesterol efflux to lipid-free SAA even in the presence of an SR-BI-blocking IgG. This implies that SR-BI attenuates ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux in a way that is not dependent on SR-BI-mediated re-uptake of cholesterol. The present in vitro experiments demonstrate that the lipidation status of SAA is a critical factor governing cholesterol acceptor properties of this amphipathic apolipoprotein. In addition, we demonstrate that SAA mediates cellular cholesterol efflux via the ABCA1 and/or SR-BI pathway in a similar way to apoA-I.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Gunther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marsche
authors.forename: Sasa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Raynes
authors.forename: Karen F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Kozarsky
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sattler
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Malle
mesh_terms: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000378:metabolism; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D016466:CHO Cells; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C577836:ABCA1 protein, human; D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D010743:Phospholipids; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein; D002784:Cholesterol