title: Epidermal growth factor receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor variant III gene expression in metastatic colorectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) variant type III (variously called EGFRvIII, de2-7 EGFR, or triangle upEGFR) has an in-frame deletion of the extracellular domain and is found in numerous types of human tumors. Because EGFRvIII has been reported to be tumor specific and has oncogenic potential, it is being investigated as a potential therapeutic target, but to our knowledge, there is only 1 previous report about EGFRvIII by immunohistochemistry in colorectal cancer. Our aim was to indicate the frequency of gene expressions of EGFRvIII and EGFR in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five patients with mCRC who received the chemotherapy for metastatic disease were analyzed for the EGFRvIII variant. Paraffin-embedded tumor tissues were dissected using laser-captured microdissection and analyzed for the EGFR and EGFRvIII messenger RNA expression using a quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction method. Gene expression values (relative messenger RNA levels) are expressed as ratios (differences from the cycle threshold values) between the target gene and internal reference gene (beta-actin). Twenty-five women and 20 men with a median age of 55 years (range, 25-76 years) were included in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We did not find any expression of EGFRvIII in these 45 patients except for control cell lines as U87.EGFRvIII. However, EGFR gene expression was found in 43 of 45 (95.6%) with a range of 0.38-2.83.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate that the expression of EGFRvIII is rare, but most colon cancer demonstrates EGFR gene expression. We conclude that EGFRvIII does not play an important role in mCRC.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
authors.forename: Mizutomo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Kathleen D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Danenberg
authors.forename: Syma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Khoueiry
authors.forename: Wu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dongyun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Wasaburo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: Katsunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saigenji
authors.forename: Peter V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Danenberg
authors.forename: Heinz-Josef
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lenz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology*; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005784:Gene Amplification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C410723:epidermal growth factor receptor VIII; D066246:ErbB Receptors