MR imaging of therapy-induced changes of bone marrow.
MR imaging of bone marrow infiltration by hematologic malignancies provides non-invasive assays of bone marrow cellularity and vascularity to supplement the information provided by bone marrow biopsies. This article will review the MR imaging findings of bone marrow infiltration by hematologic malignancies with special focus on treatment effects. MR imaging findings of the bone marrow after radiation therapy and chemotherapy will be described. In addition, changes in bone marrow microcirculation and metabolism after anti-angiogenesis treatment will be reviewed. Finally, new specific imaging techniques for the depiction of regulatory events that control blood vessel growth and cell proliferation will be discussed. Future developments are directed to yield comprehensive information about bone marrow structure, function and microenvironment.
Daldrup-Link
Heike E
HE
Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA, 94143-0628, USA. daldrup@radiology.ucsf.edu
Henning
Tobias
T
Link
Thomas M
TM
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D003287:Contrast Media; D003348:Cortisone / Q000009:adverse effects; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D003348:Cortisone