title: Increase diagnostic efficacy by combined use of fingerprint markers in mass spectrometry--plasma peptidomes from nasopharyngeal cancer patients for example.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is no plasma marker for detecting nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). We developed a bead-based affinity fractionated proteomic method to search potential plasma markers for NPC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Affinity purification of heparinized plasma with Cu-chelated beads and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis were used to screen potential NPC markers. We compiled MS protein profiles for 47 patients with NPC and compared them to profiles from 28 healthy controls. The spectra were statistically analyzed using flexAnalysis and ClinProt bioinformatics software. Diagnostic efficacy was evaluated by determination of the assay sensitivity and specificity of each marker.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve mass fingerprint markers differing between cancer and control spectra were found. The sensitivities of these NPC markers are various ranging from 36% to 83%, and the specificities were all over 90%. Combine use of these markers significantly increases diagnostic efficacy. In which, the combined markers (2020 Da and 4635 Da) possess best discriminator with high sensitivity (94%) and specificity (93%). We further identify a C3 fragment, C3f, that may serve as a biomarker for NPC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combined use of mass fingerprint markers in plasma proteome will enhance diagnostic efficacy for NPC. This method can be applied to search for novel plasma markers for cancers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Joseph Tung-Chieh
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Li-Chiu
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shang-Yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Yin-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hung-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chun-Ta
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: I-How
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ann-Joy
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010449:Peptide Mapping / Q000379:methods; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D020543:Proteome