title: Effects of topical administration of an aldose reductase inhibitor on cataract formation in dogs fed a diet high in galactose.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine effects of a topical formulation of an aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI) on the development of sugar cataracts in dogs fed a diet high in galactose. Animals-Ten 6-month old Beagles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs were fed a diet containing 30% galactose, and after 16 weeks, 6 dogs were treated topically with a proprietary ARI formulation and 4 dogs were treated with a placebo. Cataract formation was monitored by means of slit-lamp biomicroscopy and fundus photography. Dogs were euthanized after 10 weeks of treatment, and lenses were evaluated for degree of opacity, myo-inositol and galactitol concentrations, and concentration of the ARI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All dogs developed bilateral cortical opacities dense enough to result in a decrease in the tapetal reflex after being fed the galactose-containing diet for 16 weeks. Administration of the ARI arrested further development of cataract formation. In contrast, cataracts in the vehicle-treated dogs progressed over the 10-week period to the mature stage. Evaluation of the isolated lenses after 26 weeks of galactose feeding indicated that lenses from treated dogs were significantly less optically dense than lenses from control dogs. Lenticular myo-inositol concentration was significantly higher in the treated than in the control dogs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that topical application of a proprietary ARI formulation may arrest or reverse the development of sugar cataracts in dogs fed a diet high in galactose. This suggests that this ARI formulation may be beneficial in maintaining or improving functional vision in diabetic dogs with early lens opacities.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, Therapeutic Vision Inc, 11778 Whitmore S, Omaha, NE 68142, USA.
authors.forename: Peter F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Kador
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Betts
authors.forename: Milton
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wyman
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blessing
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Randazzo
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002386:Cataract / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004285:Dogs; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005690:Galactose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; D005690:Galactose