title: Mammalian transcription in support of hybrid mRNA and protein synthesis in testis and lung.
abstract: Post-transcriptional mechanisms including differential splicing expand the protein repertoire beyond that provided by the one gene-one protein model. Trans-splicing has been observed in mammalian systems but is low level (sometimes referred to as noise), and a contribution to hybrid protein expression is unclear. In the study of rat sperm tail proteins a cDNA, called 1038, was isolated representing a hybrid mRNA derived in part from the ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 3 (Oaz3) gene located on rat chromosome 2 fused to sequences encoded by a novel gene on chromosome 4. Cytoplasmic Oaz3 mRNA is completely testis specific. However, in several tissues Oaz3 is transcribed and contributes to hybrid 1038 mRNA synthesis, without concurrent Oaz3 mRNA synthesis. 1038 mRNA directs synthesis of a hybrid 14-kDa protein, part chromosome 2- and part chromosome 4-derived as shown in vitro and in transfected cells. Antisera that recognize a chromosome 4-encoded C-terminal peptide confirm the hybrid character of endogenous 14-kDa protein and its presence in sperm tail structures and 1038-positive tissue. Our data suggest that the testis-specific OAZ3 gene may be an example of a mammalian gene that in several tissues is transcribed to contribute to a hybrid mRNA and protein. This finding expands the repertoire of known mechanisms available to cells to generate proteome diversity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, 330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada.
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: Curtis
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sikora
authors.forename: Vannice
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lawson
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oko
authors.forename: Frans A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: van der Hoorn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D017931:DNA Primers; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008540:Meiosis / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D051381:Rats; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; C517389:Oaz3 protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger