title: Zebrafish pax5 regulates development of the utricular macula and vestibular function.
abstract: The zebrafish otic vesicle initially forms with only two sensory epithelia, the utricular and saccular maculae, which primarily mediate vestibular and auditory function, respectively. Here, we test the role of pax5, which is preferentially expressed in the utricular macula. Morpholino knockdown of pax5 disrupts vestibular function but not hearing. Neurons of the statoacoustic ganglion (SAG) develop normally. Utricular hair cells appear to form normally but a variable number subsequently undergo apoptosis and are extruded from the otic vesicle. Dendrites of the SAG persist in the utricle but become disorganized after hair cell loss. Hair cells in the saccule develop and survive normally. Otic expression of pax5 requires pax2a and fgf3, mutations in which cause vestibular defects, albeit by distinct mechanisms. Thus, pax5 works in conjunction with fgf3 and pax2a to establish and/or maintain the utricular macula and is essential for vestibular function.
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Shruti
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vemaraju
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Moorman
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zeddies
authors.forename: Arthur N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Popper
authors.forename: Bruce B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Riley
mesh_terms: D008267:Acoustic Maculae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D051518:Fibroblast Growth Factor 3 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018069:Hair Cells, Vestibular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D007814:Larva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D051762:PAX2 Transcription Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051757:PAX5 Transcription Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D012444:Saccule and Utricle / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D051518:Fibroblast Growth Factor 3; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D051762:PAX2 Transcription Factor; D051757:PAX5 Transcription Factor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; C489200:fgf3 protein, zebrafish; C497320:pax2a protein, zebrafish; C497284:pax5 protein, zebrafish