title: A tomographic physical phantom of the newborn child with real-time dosimetry. II. Scaling factors for calculation of mean organ dose in pediatric radiography.
abstract: Following the recent completion of a tomographic physical newborn dosimetry phantom with incorporated metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) dosimetry system, it was necessary to derive scaling factors in order to calculate organ doses in the physical phantom given point dose measurements via the MOSFET dosimeters (preceding article in this issue). In this study, we present the initial development of scaling factors using projection radiograph data. These point-to-organ dose scaling factors (SF(POD)) were calculated using a computational phantom created from the same data set as the physical phantom, but which also includes numerous segmented internal organs and tissues. The creation of these scaling factors is discussed, as well as the errors associated when using only point dose measurements to calculate mean organ doses and effective doses in physical phantoms. Scaling factors for various organs ranged from as low as 0.70 to as high as 1.71. Also, the ability to incorporate improvements in the computational phantom into the physical phantom using scaling factors is discussed. An comprehensive set of SF(POD) values is presented in this article for application in pediatric radiography of newborn patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear and Radiological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8300, USA.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Staton
authors.forename: A Kyle
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Choonik
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Hintenlang
authors.forename: Manuel M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Arreola
authors.forename: Jonathon L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Wesley E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Bolch
mesh_terms: D001822:Body Burden; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003199:Computer Systems; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008954:Models, Biological; D009928:Organ Specificity; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011874:Radiometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D012062:Relative Biological Effectiveness; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D051598:Whole Body Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D014915:Whole-Body Counting / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods