title: [Hypospadias and congenital curvature of the penis in children and their surgical treatment].
abstract: Hypospadias is a congenital defect of the penis in which the urethral orifice is located on the ventral aspect of the glans penis or, more proximally, on the shaft or scrotum. Some type of hypospadias occurs in approximately 1 in 200 boys. The defect can be minimal or so severe that the sex of the newborn is difficult to determine. Many boys with hypospadias also have a congenital curvature of the penis that needs correction. Corrective surgery is done preferably between the ages of 6 and 12 months. The aim of surgery is to obtain a functionally and cosmetically normal penis while limiting the psychological burden on the child as much as possible. The common surgical procedures include: meatal advancement and glanuloplasty (MAGPI), the tubularised incised plate (TIP) technique according to Snodgrass, and vascularised foreskin flap-plasty. Urethral surgery for hypospadias is accompanied by a relatively high number of complications and should therefore be carried out by surgeons with sufficient experience.
authors.affiliation: Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Kinderniercentrum Wilhelmina Kinderziekenhuis.
authors.forename: T P V M
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: de Jong
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010413:Penis / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery*