title: Adequacies of skin puncture for evaluating biochemical and hematological blood parameters in athletes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors tested the effect of blood sampling (skin versus venous puncture) on some biochemical and hematological blood parameters in athletes to answer whether skin puncture could be used as a substitute for venous puncture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative study of 2 methods of blood samples collection.
  
  
  METHODS
  The blood was collected in the same athletes at 3 different moments of the preparatory training phase.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen male indoor soccer players (22 +/- 1 years old) and 7 female handball players (18 +/- 1 years old) participated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood was collected in heparin and K3EDTA by Vacutainer BD or Microvette Sarstedt system for biochemical and hematological analyses, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant statistical differences between the 2 methods for the values of creatine kinase, urea, creatinine, lymphocytes, and platelets. The other hematological analyzes and uric acid exhibited significant higher values in skin blood, although they were all within the normal expected range. A high degree of correlation was observed between the 2 techniques for all parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Skin puncture is a reliable, easy, accurate, and less invasive sampling method for assessing hematological and some biochemical parameters in athletes, respecting that blood samples should always be obtained from the same site, especially in follow-up studies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício-LABEX, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil. labex@unicamp.br
authors.forename: Lázaro Alessandro S
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.forename: Paulo Guimarães
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Gandra
authors.forename: Armindo Antonio
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Lauro T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: Denise Vaz
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: de Macedo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001671:Biochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D001792:Blood Platelets; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018962:Phlebotomy; D011677:Punctures; D012882:Skin Tests / Q000295:instrumentation; D012916:Soccer / Q000502:physiology; D013178:Sports Medicine / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014527:Uric Acid; D003402:Creatine Kinase