title: Hippocampal volume reduction and HPA-system activity in major depression.
abstract: Structural imaging studies investigating hippocampal volumes in patients suffering from major depression have yielded mixed results. Here, 24 unipolar depressed in-patients and 14 healthy controls carefully matched for age, gender, and years of education underwent quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Saliva cortisol was measured at 0800 and 1600 h in patients during a one-week wash-out and the following 4 weeks. Hippocampal volumes were significantly reduced in the patient group even after adjusting for intracranial brain volume (ICV) and age. Across groups, age was significantly negatively correlated with uncorrected hippocampal volumes. In patients, severity of disease (baseline HAMD scores) and baseline cortisol levels were not related to hippocampal volumes. However, there was a negative association between duration of the index episode before hospitalization and hippocampal volumes. Additionally, hippocampal volumes were significantly negatively correlated with duration of illness. Finally, we observed a trend for higher hippocampal volumes in those patients who showed a subsequent decrease in cortisol levels under pharmacotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Eschenallee 3, 14050 Berlin, Germany. michael.colla@charite.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Colla
authors.forename: Golo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kronenberg
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deuschle
authors.forename: Kornelia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meichel
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hagen
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bohrer
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Heuser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000639:Amitriptyline / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002508:Cephalometry; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007902:Length of Stay; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012463:Saliva; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D000639:Amitriptyline; D017374:Paroxetine; D006854:Hydrocortisone