Inhibition of carcinogen-induced DNA damage in rat liver and colon by garlic powders with varying alliin content.
The present study was designed to investigate the protective efficiency of three garlic powders, obtained from bulbs grown in soils with different levels of sulfur fertilization, against DNA damage. Increasing fertilization of soil resulted in an increased alliin content of the powders. Garlic powders were administered to rats for 2 weeks (5% of the diet) and their antigenotoxic effects were examined in the liver and the colon using the comet assay. Consumption of the different garlic powders induced a 35-60% reduction in DNA damage induced by N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in rat liver. Increased alliin content of the garlic powder was associated strongly with a proportional decrease in NDMA induced DNA alteration. DNA damage induced by aflatoxin B1 in the liver or by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in the colon were also decreased strongly by the three garlic powders but these decreases were not correlated to the alliin content of the garlic powders. Feeding garlic powders did not modify the genotoxic activity of the direct-acting carcinogen methylnitrosourea in the colon. Part of our results supports evidence that fertilization can have an impact on the protective capacity of garlic bulbs.
Singh
Varsha
V
UMR Toxicologie Alimentaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, France.
Belloir
Christine
C
Siess
Marie-Hélène
MH
Le Bon
Anne-Marie
AM
D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine / Q000633:toxicity; D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018890:Chemoprevention; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D020552:Comet Assay; D003545:Cysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005308:Fertilizers; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000633:toxicity; D011230:Precancerous Conditions; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005308:Fertilizers; D009602:Nitrosamines; C006453:alliin; D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; D003545:Cysteine; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine