title: Development of a real-time (Q) PCR assay to measure variation in expression of prolactin receptor mRNA in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland during late embryogenesis in turkeys and chickens.
abstract: Changes in levels of PRLR mRNA in the pituitary gland and hypothalamus of chickens and turkeys from embryonic day (ED) 15 and ED21 to 1 day post-hatch, respectively, were measured by real-time PCR. In both species, PRLR mRNA increased from low levels during the last week of ED to reach maxima at the peri-hatch period. Similarly, circulating levels of PRL also increased during this interval and were highly correlated with levels of the PRLR mRNA in both the pituitary gland and hypothalamus. This suggests that PRL was up-regulating its receptor. In support of this, stimulation of the turkey pituitary gland with VIP on ED24 resulted in a 4- and 3-fold increase in PRL and PRLR, respectively. Since VIP had no direct effect on the levels of PRLR transcript in the hypothalamus, it is likely that VIP is acting indirectly through increased PRL to up-regulate the number of receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Qué., Canada H9X 3V9.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leclerc
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zadworny
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bédécarrats
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kuhnlein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000662:veterinary; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D010903:Pituitary Gland, Anterior / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D011981:Receptors, Prolactin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D014422:Turkeys / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011981:Receptors, Prolactin; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D011388:Prolactin