title: The a3 isoform of V-ATPase regulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells.
abstract: Vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) is a multi-subunit enzyme that has important roles in the acidification of a variety of intracellular compartments and some extracellular milieus. Four isoforms for the membrane-intrinsic subunit (subunit a) of the V-ATPase have been identified in mammals, and they confer distinct cellular localizations and activities on the proton pump. We found that V-ATPase with the a3 isoform is highly expressed in pancreatic islets, and is localized to membranes of insulin-containing secretory granules in beta-cells. oc/oc mice, which have a null mutation at the a3 locus, exhibited a reduced level of insulin in the blood, even with high glucose administration. However, islet lysates contained mature insulin, and the ratio of the amount of insulin to proinsulin in oc/oc islets was similar to that of wild-type islets, indicating that processing of insulin was normal even in the absence of the a3 function. The insulin contents of oc/oc islets were reduced slightly, but this was not significant enough to explain the reduced levels of the blood insulin. The secretion of insulin from isolated islets in response to glucose or depolarizing stimulation was impaired. These results suggest that the a3 isoform of V-ATPase has a regulatory function in the exocytosis of insulin secretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College, Kyotanabe 610-0395, Japan. kwada@dwc.doshisha.ac.jp
authors.forename: Ge-Hong
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Sun-Wada
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toyomura
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: Akitsugu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Futai
authors.forename: Yoh
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism*; D007527:Isoenzymes; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010026:Osteosclerosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011384:Proinsulin / Q000378:metabolism; D025262:Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D007527:Isoenzymes; D011384:Proinsulin; D025262:Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases