title: A new antistuttering device: treatment of stuttering using bone conduction stimulation with delayed temporal feedback.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Stuttering is a communication disorder affecting approximately 1% of the adult population, some with severe manifestations. Speech therapy improves stuttering, but many do not receive enough benefit to communicate fluently. Antistuttering devices have been available for several years, but available technology has been limited in long-term success and reliability. The current study evaluates the effects of a prototype device using a modification of a currently used bone conduction hearing device with delayed auditory feedback on adult patients with significant stuttering problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective nonrandomized study evaluating effects of a prototype device on stuttering in adult subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten stutterers > or=18 years of age were fit with a bone conduction device on a headband with temporal feedback delayed according to patient preference between 5 and 130 msec. Patients were asked to wear the device at least 4 hours per day for 4 weeks. Stuttering Severity Index-3 (SSI-3) tests were completed at prefit, immediate postfit, and at 2-week, 4-week, and 6-week intervals. Questionnaires were also completed at each visit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  : Nine patients completed the entire study. A statistically significant decline in SSI-3 scores was documented from prefit compared with immediate postfit and 4 weeks follow up (P < .001) using the Tukey test method. Statistical significance was approached but not reached at 2 weeks. There was no significant difference between prefit and the 6-week follow up when patients had returned the device. Patients subjectively noted improvement in their speech and confidence using the device.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A new antistuttering prototype using a modification of a bone conduction device with delayed temporal feedback is effective in decreasing stuttering in patients over a short time course. Further studies need to be completed to evaluate the long-term effects of the device.
authors.affiliation: California Ear Institute, San Ramon, California 94583, USA. krs@calear.com
authors.forename: Katrina R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Stidham
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hillbratt
authors.forename: Teri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sinopoli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001844:Bone Conduction; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013342:Stuttering / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors