title: Jumping to conclusions and the continuum of delusional beliefs.
abstract: The present study examined the jumping to conclusions reasoning bias across the continuum of delusional ideation by investigating individuals with active delusions, delusion prone individuals, and non-delusion prone individuals. Neutral and highly self-referent probabilistic reasoning tasks were employed. Results indicated that individuals with delusions gathered significantly less information than delusion prone and non-delusion prone participants on both the neutral and self-referent tasks, (p<.001). Individuals with delusions made less accurate decisions than the delusion prone and non-delusion prone participants on both tasks (p<.001), yet were more confident about their decisions than were delusion prone and non-delusion prone participants on the self-referent task (p=.002). Those with delusions and those who were delusion prone reported higher confidence in their performance on the self-referent task than they did the neutral task (p=.02), indicating that high self-reference impacted information processing for individuals in both of these groups. The results are discussed in relation to previous research in the area of probabilistic reasoning and delusions.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychological Sciences, University of Indianapolis, 1400 East Hanna Avenue, Indianapolis, IN 46227, USA. dwarman@unidy.edu
authors.forename: Debbie M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Warman
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Lysaker
authors.forename: Joel M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Louanne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Samantha L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Haudenschield
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D003657:Decision Making; D003702:Delusions / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics