title: Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) pneumoniae in the Alzheimer's brain.
abstract: We assessed the presence and characteristics of the intracellular pathogen Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) pneumoniae in brain-tissue samples from 25 patients with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 27 non-AD control individuals. 20/27 AD patients, but only 3/27 controls, were PCR-positive in multiple assays targetting the Cpn1046 and Cpn0695 genes. Culture of the organism from brain-tissue homogenate from one AD patient, and assessment of various chlamydial transcripts in RNA preparations from several patients, demonstrated that the organisms were viable and metabolically active in those samples. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that astrocytes, microglia, and neurons all served as host cells for C. pneumoniae in the AD brain, and that infected cells were found in close proximity to both neuritic senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the AD brain. These observations confirm and significantly extend our earlier study suggesting that this unusual pathogen may play a role in the neuropathogenesis characteristic of AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
authors.forename: Hervé C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Gérard
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dreses-Werringloer
authors.forename: Kristin S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Wildt
authors.forename: Srilekha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deka
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oszust
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Balin
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.forename: Elizabeth Z
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Bordayo
authors.forename: Judith A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Whittum-Hudson
authors.forename: Alan P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Hudson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000382:microbiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016993:Chlamydophila pneumoniae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial