title: Purine catabolism in advanced carotid artery plaque.
abstract: This study was carried out on carotid artery plaque and plasma of 50 patients. We analyzed uric acid, hypoxanthine, xanthine, and allantoin levels to verify if enzymatic purine degradation occurs in advanced carotid plaque; we also determined free radicals and sulphydryl groups to check if there is a correlation between oxidant status and purine catabolism. Comparing plaque and plasma we found higher levels of free radicals, hypoxanthine, xanthine, and a decrease of some oxidant protectors, such as sulphydryl groups and uric acid, in plaque. We also observed a very important phenomenon in plaque, the presence of allantoin due to chemical oxidation of uric acid, since humans do not have the enzyme uricase. The hypothetical elevated activity of xanthine oxidase in atherosclerosis could be reduced by specific therapies using its inhibitors, such as oxypurinol or allopurinol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine-Metabolic Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. cosetta71@hotmail.com
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Felici
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ciari
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Terzuoli
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Porcelli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Setacci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giubbolini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marinello
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000481:Allantoin / Q000097:blood; D000493:Allopurinol / Q000097:blood; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002624:Chemistry, Clinical / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005609:Free Radicals; D006801:Humans; D019271:Hypoxanthine / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D010117:Oxypurinol / Q000097:blood; D011687:Purines / Q000378:metabolism; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D019820:Xanthine / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D016877:Oxidants; D011687:Purines; D019820:Xanthine; D014527:Uric Acid; D019271:Hypoxanthine; D000481:Allantoin; D000493:Allopurinol; D010117:Oxypurinol