title: Uptake of the glycosphingolipid sulfatide in the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas in vivo and in isolated islets of Langerhans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The glycosphingolipid sulfatide has previously been found in several mammalian tissues, but information on the uptake of exogenously administered sulfatide in different organs in vivo is limited. In pancreatic beta cells, sulfatide has been shown to be involved in insulin processing and secretion in vitro. In this study, we examined the uptake of exogenously administered sulfatide and its distribution to the pancreatic beta cells. This might encourage future studies of the function(s) of sulfatide in beta cell physiology in vivo. Radioactive sulfatide was given orally to mice whereafter the uptake of sulfatide in the gastrointestinal tract and subsequent delivery to the pancreas was examined. Sulfatide uptake in pancreas was also studied in vivo by i.p. administration of radioactive sulfatide in mice, and in vitro in isolated rat islets. Isolated tissue/islets were analysed by scintillation counting, autoradiography and thin-layer chromatography-ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sulfatide was taken up in the gastrointestinal tract for degradation or further transport to other organs. A selective uptake of short chain and/or hydroxylated sulfatide fatty acid isoforms was observed in the small intestine. Exogenously administered sulfatide was found in pancreas after i.p, but not after oral administration. The in vitro studies in isolated rat islets support that sulfatide, independently of its fatty acid length, is endocytosed and metabolised by pancreatic islets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study supports a selective uptake and/or preservation of sulfatide in the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration and with emphasises on pancreatic sulfatide uptake, i.p. administration results in sulfatide at relevant location.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Psychiatry and Neurochemistry Section, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Mölndal, SE-431 80 Mölndal, Sweden. maria.blomqvist@gu.se
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blomqvist
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Osterbye
authors.forename: Jan-Eric
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Månsson
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Buschard
authors.forename: Pam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fredman
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000502:physiology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008820:Mice, Obese; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D010179:Pancreas / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D013433:Sulfoglycosphingolipids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms; D013433:Sulfoglycosphingolipids