[Cytogenetics and in vitro drug resistance of acute leukemia in children and adults].
In spite of continuous progress in the therapy of acute leukemia, relapses still occur frequently both in children and adults. The presence of cytogenetic aberrations in leukemic cells at presentation is an important prognostic factor in acute leukemia. The translocation t(9;22) and the 11q23/MLL rearrangement are related to poor prognosis, while hyperdiploidy >50 chromosomes and the translocation t(12;21) are indicators of good prognosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), t(8;21), t(15;17), and inv(16) indicate good prognosis, whereas 5/5q-, 7/7q-, and complex karyotype indicate poor prognosis. It seems that the prognostic value of cytogenetic changes is related to differences in cellular drug resistance in ALL and, to lesser extent, in AML. Genetic profiling based on microarray analysis confirms the correlation between cytogenetic changes in leukemic cells and drug resistance in ALL. The cytogenetic profile possibly determines cellular drug resistance and final therapy outcome. Knowledge on the karyotype-related drug resistance profile might enable the use of targeted therapy in resistant/refractory acute leukemia both in children and adults.
Styczyński
Jan
J
Katedra i Klinika Pediatrii, Hematologii i Onkologii, Collegium Medicum im. Ludwika Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy, Uniwersytet im. Mikołaja Kopernika. jstyczynski@cm.umk.pl
Haus
Olga
O
D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D003582:Cytogenetics; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000235:genetics*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D015973:Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic / Q000235:genetics*; D015321:Gene Rearrangement; D006801:Humans; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins