Transfection of oral cancer cells mediated by transferrin-associated lipoplexes: mechanisms of cell death induced by herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir therapy.
The Herpes Simplex Virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) suicide gene/ganciclovir (GCV) approach has been used for the treatment of a variety of cancers. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of ganciclovir in oral squamous cancer cells, previously transfected with HSV-tk gene delivered by transferrin-associated complexes (Tf-lipoplexes), as well as to investigate the mechanisms involved in the bystander effect and in the process of cell death. The delivery of HSV-tk gene to the oral cancer cells, HSC-3 and SCC-7, mediated by Tf-lipoplexes followed by ganciclovir treatment resulted in essentially 100% cytotoxicity, the observed toxic effect being dependent both on GCV dose and incubation time. Cell death was shown to occur mainly by an apoptotic process. Different experimental approaches demonstrated that the observed cytotoxicity was mainly due to diffusion of the toxic agent into neighbouring, non-transfected cells, via gap junctions. Preliminary in vivo studies in a murine model for oral squamous cell carcinoma have shown a significant inhibition of tumor growth upon injection of Tf-lipoplexes carrying HSV-tk followed by intraperitonal injection of GCV, as compared to controls.
Neves
Sílvia S
SS
Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, Portugal.
Sarmento-Ribeiro
Ana B
AB
Simões
Sérgio P
SP
Pedroso de Lima
Maria C
MC
D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015774:Ganciclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000201:enzymology*; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods; D014168:Transferrin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D008081:Liposomes; D014168:Transferrin; D013937:Thymidine Kinase; D015774:Ganciclovir