title: HIV evolution and escape.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exemplifies the principles of Darwinian evolution with a telescoped chronology. Because of its high mutation rate and remarkably high rates of replication, evolution can be appreciated over periods of days in contrast to the durations conceived of by Darwin. Certain selective pressures that drive the evolution of HIV include chemotherapy, anatomic compartmentalization and the immune response. Examples of these selective forces on HIV evolution are described.
authors.affiliation: Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161-0679, USA. drichman@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: Douglas D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Richman
authors.forename: Susan J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Little
authors.forename: Davey M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Terri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wrin
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Petropoulos
authors.forename: Joseph K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D005075:Biological Evolution; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines