title: Manganese is highly effective in protecting cells from cadmium intoxication.
abstract: Cadmium poisoning results in cell death. Although several intracellular pathways have been identified in this response, transport systems responsible for cadmium entry into cells remain poorly understood and controversial. Here, we analyzed the effects of several divalent cations on cadmium toxicity in different cell types. We found that zinc, previously reported as a protective agent against cadmium poisoning, is actually much less efficient than manganese. We show that manganese dramatically reduces cadmium intake, and that this is associated with the inhibition of our recently reported sustained activation of ERK, characteristic of cadmium intoxication. Finally, we show that this inhibition of cadmium entry and ERK-sustained activation perfectly correlates with a high cellular resistance to cadmium exposure. Our results, together with previously published data, support the idea that the yet to be characterized manganese transporter system(s) may be responsible for cadmium entry into cells.
authors.affiliation: CNRS UMR 6548, Nice University, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France. pmartin@unice.fr
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fareh
authors.forename: Marie Christine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Poggi
authors.forename: Kim E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Boulukos
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pognonec
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002105:Cadmium Poisoning / Q000473:pathology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D008345:Manganese / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D002104:Cadmium; D008345:Manganese