title: Risk factors and independent predictors of survival in patients with pulmonary epithelioid haemangioendothelioma. Review of the literature and a case report.
abstract: Pulmonary epithelioid haemangioendothelioma (PEH) is a rare pulmonary neoplasm. A patient with PEH with lymph node and pleural metastases that were discovered incidentally is described. An abnormal left upper lobe shadow was noticed on CXR in a 70-year-old woman during an assessment for the sudden onset of nausea and vomiting. Transbronchial lung biopsy did not provide a diagnosis. Lobectomy and lymph node resection were performed. The histological diagnosis of PEH was confirmed immunohistochemically by positive reactions to factor VIII-related antigen and CD34. Data on 93 patients with PEH including the present case report were analysed by Cox regression analysis using forward stepwise method to identify the risk factors, and the independent predictors of survival in patients with PEH. It revealed that male, symptomatic patients, presence of cough, haemoptysis, chest pain, multiple unilateral nodules, pleural effusion, metastases to more than one site and lymph node metastases were all significant risk factors for PEH (P<0.05). Symptomatic patients and presence of pleural effusion were the independent predictors of survival in patients with PEH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan. randasobhy2000@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Randa M S
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiroshima
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kokubo
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.forename: Motoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuroki
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakatani
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018323:Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; D014841:von Willebrand Factor