title: [Urine cytology and urine markers. Significance for clinical practice].
abstract: Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is a frequent disease that can be identified timely by screening patients at high risk. Due to the high rate of disease recurrence, frequent follow-up procedures are necessary. For this purpose, cystoscopy is the standard procedure, and supplementary non-invasive procedures such as cytology or tumor marker tests are used. These tests have different advantages and disadvantages in terms of their sensitivities and specificities. Thus, they provide additional information, but are not able to replace cystoscopy as the standard instrument in the diagnosis of bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München. Stefan.Tritschler@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tritschler
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zaak
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Knuechel
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Stief
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000652:urine*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000652:urine; D015653:Cystectomy; D003558:Cystoscopy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000652:urine; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000652:urine; D014547:Urinary Diversion; D014556:Urine / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor