title: [Enhancement of nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs and preventive effect of antihistamines and disodium cromoglycate on wheat allergy].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aspirin has been known to be an enhancer to wheat allergy, including wheat-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) other than aspirin would enhance allergic reactions after wheat ingestion and whether antihistamines and disodium cromoglycate would prevent these reactions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven cases, whose reactions after wheat ingestion were enhanced by aspirin on challenge tests, were enrolled. Skin prick tests (SPT) and CAP-RAST were undergone for wheat and gluten. We used challenge tests of wheat after pretreatment of NSAIDs and preventive drugs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four cases were diagnosed with wheat allergy, 3 cases had wheat-dependent, salicylic acid-induced anaphylaxis. SPT and CAP-RAST were positive for wheat and gluten in 5 of 7 cases and 4 of 7 cases, respectively. Dicrofenac enhanced the allergic reactions after wheat ingestion in 1 of 2 cases, whereas etodolac failed to enhance the symptoms in all 5 cases performed. Furthermore, disodium cromoglycate could not completely prevent the allergic reaction in all 4 cases and even enhanced the reaction in 1 case of them. To see an inhibitory effect of antihistamines on the symptoms, fexofenadine (in 2, 1 and 1 case, respectively), olopatadine, and chlorpheniramine were administrated before the challenge test, and as a result these drugs were found to have inhibitory effects on the allergic reaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, it was suggested that etodolac might be a relatively safe anti-inflammatory drug on wheat allergy and antihistamines could prevent allergic reactions more than DSCG in patients with wheat allergy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Immuno-Dermatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine. ninomata@med.yokohama-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inomata
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamane
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Momoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takakura
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Osuna
authors.forename: Zenro
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ikezawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000209:etiology; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D021182:Wheat Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium; D001241:Aspirin