title: The penicillin G acylase production by B. megaterium is amino acid consumption dependent.
abstract: Aiming at to enhance the production of penicillin G acylase (PGA) by Bacillus megaterium, we have performed flasks experiments using different medium composition. Using 51 g/L of casein hydrolyzed with Alcalase and 2.7 g/L of phenylacetic acid (PhAc), the following carbon substrates were tested, individually and combined: glucose, glycerol, and lactose (present in cheese whey). Glycerol and glucose showed to be effective nutrients for the microorganism growth but delayed the PGA production. Cheese whey always increased enzyme production and cell mass. However, lactose (present in cheese whey) was not a significant carbon source for B. megaterium. PhAc, amino acids, and small peptides present in the hydrolyzed casein were the actual carbon sources for enzyme production. Replacement of hydrolyzed casein by free amino acids, 10.0 g/L, led to a significant increase in enzyme production (app. 150%), with a preferential consumption of alanine, aspartic acid, glycine, serine, arginine, threonine, lysine, and glutamic acid. A decrease of the enzyme production was observed when 20.0 g/L of amino acids were used. Using the single omission technique, it was shown that none of the 18 tested amino acids was essential for enzyme production. The use of a medium containing eight of the preferentially consumed amino acids lead to similar enzyme production level obtained when using 18 amino acids. PhAc, up to 2.7 g/L, did not inhibit enzyme production, even if added at the beginning of the cultivation.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Engenharia Química-Universidade Federal de São Carlos, C.P. 676, -São Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil. plmp@iris.ufscar.br
authors.forename: Laura Marina
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Pinotti
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ribeiro de Souza
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Campos Giordano
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Lima Camargo Giordano
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001410:Bacillus megaterium / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D002364:Caseins / Q000737:chemistry; D003470:Culture Media; D006868:Hydrolysis; D010399:Penicillin Amidase / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D002364:Caseins; D003470:Culture Media; D010399:Penicillin Amidase