title: Independent association of matrix metalloproteinase-10, cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Circulating levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-10 are related to inflammation in asymptomatic subjects with cardiovascular risk factors. Whether MMP-10 is associated with the severity of atherosclerosis remains to be determined. This study examines the relationship of systemic MMP-10 levels with atherosclerotic risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Circulating levels of MMP-1, -9 and -10, and markers of inflammation [fibrinogen, interleukin-6, von Willebrand factor, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)] were measured in 400 subjects (mean age 54.3 years, 77.7% men) with cardiovascular risk factors but free from clinical cardiovascular disease. Subclinical atherosclerosis was evaluated by both the mean carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques with the use of B-mode ultrasound in all subjects. MMP-10 levels were positively correlated with fibrinogen (r = 0.24, P < 0.001), hs-CRP (r = 0.14, P < 0.01) and carotid IMT (r = 0.17, P < 0.01). The association between MMP-10 and IMT remained significant in multiple regression analysis (P < 0.02) when controlling for traditional atherosclerotic risk factors and inflammatory markers. Such an association was not observed for MMP-1 and -9. Subjects in the highest MMP-10 tertile had significantly higher carotid IMT (adjusted odds ratio 6.3, 95% confidence interval 1.3-31.4, P = 0.024). In addition, MMP-10 levels were significantly higher in patients with carotid plaques (n = 78) than in those with no plaques after adjusting for age and sex (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher serum MMP-10 levels were associated with inflammatory markers, increased carotid IMT and atherosclerotic plaques in asymptomatic subjects. Circulating MMP-10 may be useful to identify subclinical atherosclerosis in subjects free from cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Atherosclerosis, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Orbe
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Montero
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Beloqui
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roncal
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Páramo
mesh_terms: D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000201:enzymology; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000097:blood; D053506:Matrix Metalloproteinase 10 / Q000097:blood*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D005340:Fibrinogen; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; C511770:MMP10 protein, human; D053506:Matrix Metalloproteinase 10; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1