title: [Effects of perioperative music on sedation in patients undergoing gynecological surgery under intravertebral anesthesia].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of music on propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) in patients during gynecological surgery under intravertebral anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and ten patients scheduled for gynecological surgery under intravertebral anesthesia were randomly assigned to two groups. The music group patients were asked to determine music and its sound volume preoperatively, which were played from 6 min before the surgery to the end. A loading dose of 1 microg/kg fentanyl and 0.5 mg/kg propofol was administered intravenously to all the patients 5 min prior to operation. At the beginning of surgery, the TCI of propofol was initiated at propofol target controlled concentration of 2 microg/ml, which was modulated at a grade of 0.2 microg/ml every 10 min to maintain an observer's assessment of alertness/sedation (OAA/S) score of 3 intraoperatively. Induction time of sedation, intraoperative amount of propofol and patient's satisfaction of sedation were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) The music group patients had a significant shorter induction time of sedation (12 min +/- 12 min) than the controls (18 min +/- 12 min) (P < 0.01). (2) The music group patients had a significant less propofol target-controlled concentration (1.6 microg/ml +/- 0.3 microg/ml) and delivers (171 mg +/- 98 mg) than the controls (2.4 microg/ml +/- 0.4 microg/ml and 251 mg +/- 92 mg) (both P < 0.01). (3) The music group patients had a significant higher satisfaction (9.7 +/- 0.6) than the controls (8.1 +/- 1.0) (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Music has perfect sedative effects in patients undergoing gynecological surgery under intravertebral anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Mental Health Center of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Science & Technology University, Wuhan 430022, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Chang-yong
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xian-wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yu-ke
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009147:Music Therapy