title: Functional plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene variants and breast cancer survival.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) plays an important role in cancer invasion and metastasis. A common polymorphism (4G/5G) in the promoter region of the PAI-1 gene has been reported to influence transcription and plasma levels of PAI-1. We evaluated the association between PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism and breast cancer survival in a population-based cohort of breast cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Included in this analysis were 1,083 Chinese women diagnosed with stage 0 to III primary breast cancer at age 25 to 64 years who were recruited between 1996 and 1998 for the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study and followed for a median of 5.2 years. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox model were used to evaluate the genotype and survival association.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for known prognostic factors for breast cancer, patients homozygous for the 4G allele had significantly poorer disease-free survival [hazard ratio (HR), 1.7; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.1-2.4] and overall survival (HR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.0-2.3) than those homozygous for the 5G allele. The association was more evident in patients with advanced disease. The HRs (95% CI) were 3.5 (1.4-9.0) for disease-free survival and 3.1 (1.1-8.3) for overall survival in stage III patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism may be a prognostic marker for young and middle-aged Chinese breast cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-8300, USA.
authors.forename: Xianglan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiao-Ou
authors.initials: XO
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.forename: Qiuyin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: ZhiXian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Yu-Tang
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012042:Registries; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1