title: Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia associated with idiopathic ventricular tachycardia: clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Case reports have described the coexistence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and supraventricular tachycardia in the same patient. This study examines the frequency of dual atrioventricular nodal (AVN) physiology, AVN echo beats, and atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) in patients with VT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Programmed atrial and ventricular stimulation was performed in 132 consecutive patients referred for electrophysiologic study of symptomatic VT. Of the 132, 99 patients had structural heart disease, and 33 patients had idiopathic ventricular tachycardia (IVT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 33 patients with IVT, 23 had dual AVN physiology. Compared with patients with structural heart disease undergoing VT ablation, dual AVN pathways (70% vs 27%, P < .0001), dual AVN pathways with echo beats (24% vs 8%, P = 0.03), and AVNRT (21% vs 1%, P = .0002) were more common in patients with IVT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dual AVN physiology and AVNRT appear to be associated with IVT. This finding suggests that patients with IVT should undergo a complete electrophysiologic evaluation, and the diagnosis of coexistent AVNRT should be considered in this population.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Harvard-Thorndike Electrophysiology Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: John V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Wylie
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Milliez
authors.forename: Joseph J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Germano
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Ogundu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ngwu
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Zimetbaum
authors.forename: Panos
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Papageorgiou
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Josephson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013611:Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology