title: Changing green leaf volatile biosynthesis in plants: an approach for improving plant resistance against both herbivores and pathogens.
abstract: Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are commonly emitted by green plants, and their production is drastically enhanced when they are under biotic stress. To clarify the ecological function of naturally emitted GLVs, we studied the response of Arabidopsis, whose GLV biosynthesis had been modified, when subjected to herbivory or a pathogenic infection. There was a significant increase in GLV production after herbivory by cabbage white butterfly larvae and pathogen (gray mold) infection in hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) sense Arabidopsis compared with WT controls. The HPL sense modification resulted in the plant being more attractive to the parasitic wasp Cotesia glomerata, leading to higher mortality of the herbivores. The HPL sense modification also resulted in greater inhibition of growth of the fungus. By contrast, HPL antisense Arabidopsis produced fewer GLVs, attracted fewer parasitoids, and was more susceptible to the pathogens than the WT control. These data show that (i) one of the ecological functions of GLV biosynthesis related to resistance against both herbivores and pathogens, and (ii) the genetic modification of GLV biosynthesis could be a unique approach for improving plant resistance against such biotic stresses.
authors.affiliation: Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu 520-2113, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiojiri
authors.forename: Kyutaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.forename: Rika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ozawa
authors.forename: Soichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kugimiya
authors.forename: Soichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urashimo
authors.forename: Genichiro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arimura
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishioka
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takabayashi
mesh_terms: D000446:Aldehyde-Lyases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D001483:Base Sequence; D020171:Botrytis / Q000472:pathogenicity; D002080:Butterflies / Q000472:pathogenicity; D002212:Capsicum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics; D016373:DNA, Antisense / Q000235:genetics; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D017343:Genes, Plant; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D016373:DNA, Antisense; D018744:DNA, Plant; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D000446:Aldehyde-Lyases; C054540:hydroperoxide lyase