title: Transcription analysis of TIMP-1 and NM23-H1 genes in glioma cell invasion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate using transcription analysis the presence and importance of two genes: NM23-H1 and TIMP-1 on control of tumor cell invasion in diffuse astrocytomas (WHO II) and glioblastoma multiforme (WHO IV).
  
  
  METHODS
  Northern blot analysis of NM23-H1 and TIMP-1 was performed. Eight diffuse astrocytomas and 19 glioblastomas (WHO IV) were analyzed to determine if TIMP-1 and NM23-H1 were candidates to inhibition of tumor cell invasion quantitated RNA levels. The samples were collected directly from operating room. Total cellular RNA was extracted from frozen tissue samples using guanidinium-isothiocyanate and cesium chloride gradients. Total RNA (10 mg per sample) from tumor tissue were size fractionated through 1% agarose-formaldehyde gel and transferred to nylon filters and then hybridized to 32P-labeled DNA probes and placed for autoradiography. Levels of specific RNAs were determined by computer-assisted laser densitometry. Blot filters were sequentially hybridized to nm23 and TIMP-1 probes in addition to GAPDH, as a control. Statistical analyses were carried out according to t-test for equality of means.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NM23-H1 were detected in each sample, however it did not correlate with malignancy and invasiveness. On the other side TIMP-1 gene expression showed a clear correlation between low expression and invasiveness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that TIMP-1 is an inhibitor of high grade gliomas invasion. NM23-H1 was present in the entire gliomas sample, but it did not vary in diffuse astrocytomas and glioblastomas.
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP-Brazil, Universidade Estácio de Sá, Avenida Ataulfo de Paiva 135/914, 22440-032 Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil. nasser@riodejaneiro.br
authors.forename: José Augusto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nasser
authors.forename: Asdrúbal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Falavigna
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferraz
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Duigou
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bruce
mesh_terms: D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000235:genetics*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase / Q000235:genetics*; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; C517938:NME1 protein, human; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase