title: Human plasma kinetics and relative bioavailability of alkylresorcinols after intake of rye bran.
abstract: Alkylresorcinols (ARs) are phenolic lipids present in whole grain and bran of wheat and rye. Chemically, they comprise 1,3- dihydroxy-5-alkylbenzene homologs with odd-numbered, mainly saturated hydrocarbon side chains in the range of 17-25 carbon atoms. ARs are evaluated both for physiological effects and for their potential use as biomarkers of whole-grain wheat and rye intake. In this study, plasma kinetics and relative bioavailability of ARs in humans were investigated after a single intake of rye bran 120 g (190 mg ARs). The shapes of plasma concentration time curves were similar in the subjects (n = 6) with 2 peaks at approximately 2.8 and 6.5 h and maximum concentrations (mean +/- SEM) of 1253 +/- 125 and 3365 +/- 309 nmol/L, respectively. The relative bioavailability of different homologs increased with increasing length of the AR side chain (r = 0.97, P < 0.001), indicating differences in metabolism. The apparent half-lives were rather short, approximately 5 h for all homologs, which suggests that the AR concentration in plasma could be used as a short- to medium-term biomarker of regular intake of whole-grain wheat and rye.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Swedish University of Agriculture Science (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden. rikard.landberg@lmv.slu.se
authors.forename: Rikard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Landberg
authors.forename: Anna-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Linko
authors.forename: Afaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamal-Eldin
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vessby
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Adlercreutz
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aman
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D001682:Biological Availability; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D012118:Resorcinols / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012434:Secale
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D012118:Resorcinols