title: Lithium treatment effects on Myo-inositol in adolescents with bipolar depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The neurochemical effects of lithium in adolescents with bipolar disorder largely are unknown. This study used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) to identify the in vivo effects of lithium on myo-inositol (mI) concentrations in adolescent bipolar depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight adolescents (12-18 years old) with bipolar I disorder, current episode depressed, received open-label lithium 30 mg/kg, adjusted to achieve serum levels of 1.0-1.2 mEq/L. The mI concentrations in the medial as well as the left and right lateral prefrontal cortices were measured at baseline, day 7, and day 42 of treatment. Changes in mI concentrations over time were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant main effects of time were observed for mI concentrations in the medial (p = .03) and right lateral (p = .05) prefrontal cortices. Baseline concentrations of mI were not significantly different from day 7 or day 42 concentrations. However, mI concentrations on day 42 were significantly higher than those on day 7 (p = .02) in both regions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that prefrontal mI concentrations do not significantly change from baseline after acute and chronic lithium treatment in adolescents with bipolar depression. Further investigation of the effect of lithium on mI is warranted to better understand possible mechanisms by which lithium exerts antidepressant activity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0004, USA. nick.patel@uc.edu
authors.forename: Nick C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Melissa P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: DelBello
authors.forename: Kim M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Cecil
authors.forename: Caleb M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Holly S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: Kevin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Stanford
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Strakowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007294:Inositol / Q000378:metabolism*; D016651:Lithium Carbonate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011522:Protons; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D011522:Protons; D016651:Lithium Carbonate; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D007294:Inositol