title: The YfgL lipoprotein is essential for type III secretion system expression and virulence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis.
abstract: Salmonella enterica, like many gram-negative pathogens, uses type three secretion systems (TTSS) to infect its hosts. The three TTSS of Salmonella, namely, TTSS-1, TTSS-2, and flagella, play a major role in the virulence of this bacterium, allowing it to cross the intestinal barrier and to disseminate systemically. Previous data from our laboratory have demonstrated the involvement of the chromosomal region harboring the yfgL, engA, and yfgJ open reading frames in S. enterica serovar Enteritidis virulence. Using microarray analysis and real-time reverse transcription-PCR after growth of bacterial cultures favorable for either TTSS-1 or TTSS-2 expression, we show in this study that the deletion in S. enterica serovar Enteritidis of yfgL, encoding an outer membrane lipoprotein, led to the transcriptional down-regulation of most Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1), SPI-2, and flagellar genes encoding the TTSS structural proteins and effector proteins secreted by these TTSS. In line with these results, the virulence of the DeltayfgL mutant was greatly attenuated in mice. Moreover, even if YfgL is involved in the assembly of outer membrane proteins, the regulation of TTSS expression observed was not due to an inability of the Delta yfgL mutant to assemble TTSS in its membrane. Indeed, when we forced the transcription of SPI-1 genes by constitutively expressing HilA, the secretion of the TTSS-1 effector protein SipA was restored in the culture supernatant of the mutant. These results highlight the crucial role of the outer membrane lipoprotein YfgL in the expression of all Salmonella TTSS and, thus, in the virulence of Salmonella. Therefore, this outer membrane protein seems to be a privileged target for fighting Salmonella.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre de Tours-Nouzilly, Laboratoire Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique, Bâtiment 311, 37380 Nouzilly, France.
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fardini
authors.forename: Kamel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chettab
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Grépinet
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rochereau
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trotereau
authors.forename: Philippa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: Maïté
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amy
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bottreau
authors.forename: Nat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bumstead
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Barrow
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Virlogeux-Payant
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D008074:Lipoproteins; C499985:YfgL protein, E coli