title: The catch state of mollusc catch muscle is established during activation: experiments on skinned fibre preparations of the anterior byssus retractor muscle of Mytilus edulis L. using the myosin inhibitors orthovanadate and blebbistatin.
abstract: Catch is a holding state of muscle where tension is maintained passively for long time periods in the absence of stimulation. The catch state becomes obvious after termination of activation; however, it is possible that catch linkages are already established during activation. To investigate this, skinned fibre bundles of the anterior byssus retractor muscle of Mytilus edulis were maximally activated with Ca(2+) and subsequently exposed to 10 mmol l(-1) orthovanadate (V(i)) or 5 mumol l(-1) blebbistatin to inhibit the force-generating myosin head cross-bridges. Repetitive stretches of about 0.1% fibre bundle length were applied to measure stiffness. Inhibitor application depressed force substantially but never resulted in a full relaxation. The remaining force was further decreased by moderate alkalization (change of pH from 6.7 to 7.4) or by cAMP. Furthermore, the stiffness/force ratio was higher during exposure to V(i) or blebbistatin than during partial Ca(2+) activation producing the same submaximal force. The increased stiffness/force ratio was abolished by moderate alkalization or cAMP. Finally, the stretch-induced delayed force increase (stretch activation) disappeared, and the force recovery following a quick release of the fibre length, was substantially reduced when the force was depressed by V(i) or blebbistatin. All these findings suggest that catch linkages are already established during maximal Ca(2+) activation. They seem to exhibit ratchet properties because they allow shortening and resist stretches. In isometric experiments a force decrease is needed to stress the catch linkages in the high resistance direction so that they contribute to force.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: Oleg
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Andruchov
authors.forename: Olena
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Andruchova
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D009129:Muscle Tonus / Q000502:physiology*; D009218:Myosins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D049880:Mytilus edulis / Q000502:physiology*; D014638:Vanadates
chemical_list: D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; C472645:blebbistatin; D014638:Vanadates; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D009218:Myosins; D002118:Calcium