title: Association of the RIP2 gene with childhood atopic asthma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Receptor-interacting protein (RIP)-2 is a serine/threonine kinase containing a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) that is involved in the Toll-like receptor-signaling pathway. Although associations between endotoxin exposure or respiratory infection and asthma have been recognized, the genetic influences in these conditions are unclear. The aim of our study was to examine whether polymorphisms or haplotypes in RIP2 were associated with childhood atopic asthma in a Japanese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We screened the RIP2 gene for polymorphisms by direct sequencing and characterized the linkage disequilibrium (LD) mapping of the gene. Seven variants were genotyped in childhood atopic asthma (n = 300) and normal controls (n = 637) . We conducted case-control and case-only association studies between the variants and asthma-related phenotypes. Haplotype association analyses were also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 31 variants were identified and none of the alleles or haplotypes of RIP2 were associated with asthma susceptibility. In the case-only study, an association between an RIP2 promoter polymorphism and childhood severe asthma (P=0.0032; odds ratio (OR) 3.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.45-7.87) was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although polymorphisms in RIP2 are not likely to be associated with the development of asthma, the genetic variants might contribute to asthma severity in the Japanese population.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Genetics of Allergic Diseases, SNP Research Center, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Tomomitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Mitsuteru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akahoshi
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jodo
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: Kimie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Motohiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ebisawa
authors.forename: Shigemi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshihara
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Enomoto
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirakawa
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005820:Genetic Testing; D006801:Humans; D006969:Hypersensitivity, Immediate / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007564:Japan; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D053475:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinase 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D053475:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinase 2