title: [Echocardiographic changes and anticardiolipin antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the echocardiographic abnormalities and the prevalence of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and to evaluate the relationship between aCL and cardiac valvular abnormalities in SLE patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety SLE patients were performed M-mode, 2-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography and aCL IgG and IgM were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). According to the abnormalities in the echocardiography, the patients were assigned into valvular abnormality group and non-valvular abnormality group. Chi-square method was used to compare the difference of aCL prevalence between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities was 53.33%, and valvular abnormality (38.89%) and pericardial effusion (34.44%) presented most frequently. The aCL prevalence was 32.56% in the 43 SLE patients. The prevalence of aCL in the valvular abnormality group was significantly higher than that in non-valvular abnormality group (52.94% vs 19.23%, P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of echocardiographic abnormalities is high in SLE patients, most often in valves and pericardium. The aCL is probably related to valvular damage in SLE patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China. zhangsaidanli@126.com
authors.forename: Sai-dan
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiao-xia
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000097:blood*; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin