title: Serial casting vs combined intervention with botulinum toxin A and serial casting in the treatment of spastic equinus in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Serial casting has been an effective tool used by physical therapists to increase ankle dorsiflexion range of motion and improve functional gait. The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine whether injection with botulinum toxin type A (BtA) before serial casting vs serial casting alone was associated with any changes in (1) the number of weeks necessary to reach the desired dorsiflexion range of motion and (2) the number of degrees of dorsiflexion range of motion gained per week of casting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained through review of records maintained on patients undergoing serial casting. Thirty subjects comprised the two groups of 15 patients each. One group had received BtA before serial casting while the other group had received no BtA before serial casting. Data were analyzed using two t tests to determine whether there were significant differences, and the appropriate statistical adjustment (Bonferroni) was applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fewer weeks were required to reach the goal of 15 to 20 degrees of ankle dorsiflexion (or plateau) for the group receiving BtA than for the group that did not receive BtA. Results also indicated that the group receiving BtA had a significantly greater increase in range of motion per week than the group that received no BtA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using serial casting in conjunction with BtA may achieve range of motion goals in less time than serial casting alone.
authors.affiliation: Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA. mybooth@msn.com
authors.forename: Melissa Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.forename: Charlotte C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yates
authors.forename: Terence S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Edgar
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Bandy