title: Differential expression profiles and gene structure of two tumor necrosis factor-alpha variants in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).
abstract: Here we present the gene structure and expression data on two Atlantic salmon TNF-alpha genes. Both genes are approximately 2.0kb in length and organized into four exons and three introns. The open reading frame of both genes translates into 246 amino acid putative peptides, being 91.5% identical at the amino acid level. The upstream regulatory region of both genes were amplified by inverse PCR and analyzed for putative regulatory binding sites. Variant specific gene-expression both in vitro and in vivo revealed that the two variants are differentially regulated. TNF-alpha2 is the dominant variant throughout the experimental period following LPS stimulation of TO-cells. The picture was different in head kidney tissue following vaccination of Atlantic salmon with an experimental multivalent oil-based vaccine. TNF-alpha2 was the most dominant transcript in the non-stimulated controls and in the early phase. A shift from TNF-alpha2 to TNF-alpha1 was however seen, and from day 12 the TNF-alpha1 was most abundant transcript. Implications of variant specific gene-expression are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Oyvind
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Haugland
authors.forename: Inderjit Singh
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Mercy
authors.forename: Kristine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Romøren
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Torgersen
authors.forename: Oystein
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Evensen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020317:Salmo salar / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha