Partial purification and insecticidal activity of toxic metabolites secreted by a Mucor hiemalis strain (SMU-21) against adults of Bactrocera oleae and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae).
The secondary metabolites present in the methanol extract of a Mucor hiemalis strain (SMU-21) mycelia, cultured in liquid medium, were evaluated for toxicity to Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) adults. Feeding and contact bioassays revealed that the methanol fraction of the crude supernatant was strongly toxic to both species. Symptoms of toxicity developed quickly; lethargy occurred 1-2 h posttreatment, and mortality reached 82-97% after 24 h. Both feeding and contact bioassays showed that B. oleae was more susceptible than C. capitata. Concentrations producing 50% mortality (LC50) to B. oleae and C. capitata after 24 h in feeding bioassays were 0.52 and 1.28 mg/ 0.1 ml diet, respectively, but 34.8 and 64.0 microg/ cm2, respectively, after 4 h in contact bioassays. Solvent partition, precipitation, and chromatographic procedures were used to isolate the active principles from the crude supernatant. These resulted in the isolation of one high-pressure liquid chromatography fraction with insecticidal activity on B. oleae flies equal to the initial crude supernatant.
Konstantopoulou
M A
MA
Chemical Ecology and Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, NCSR "Demokritos", P.O. Box 60228, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Attikis, Greece. mkonstan@bio.demokritos.gr
Milonas
P
P
Mazomenos
B E
BE
D000818:Animals; D033622:Ceratitis capitata; D007306:Insecticides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009089:Mucor / Q000737:chemistry*; D033621:Tephritidae
D007306:Insecticides