title: Endoscopic management of radiation-induced complete upper esophageal obstruction with an antegrade-retrograde rendezvous technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Esophageal strictures occur in 3% to 4% of patients with head and neck cancer who undergo radiation therapy. Some patients develop complete obstruction of the upper esophagus. Antegrade dilatation is often unsuccessful and many of these patients require surgery.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the outcomes and complications of an endoscopic antegrade-retrograde rendezvous procedure to restore esophageal patency.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of 8 cases treated with an endoscopic rendezvous procedure between August 2001 and April 2005. Medical records of consenting patients were abstracted for clinical history, procedural success, complications, and follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  A large tertiary referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight patients with head and neck or upper esophageal cancer and complete upper esophageal obstruction from radiation stricturing who underwent an attempted rendezvous procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical procedural success, reported adverse events.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven patients were men, and median age was 65 years. The median interval between radiation and the rendezvous procedure was 11 months. In 7 of 8 cases esophageal patency was restored and no major complications occurred. Two esophageal microperforations resolved without intervention. Most patients responded well to subsequent serial dilations and many discontinued gastrostomy tube use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retrospective, selection bias.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An antegrade-retrograde rendezvous technique with subsequent dilation appears to be safe and effective for endoscopic management of complete upper esophageal obstruction induced by radiotherapy and can obviate the need for esophageal resection.
authors.affiliation: Current affiliations: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Maple
authors.forename: Bret T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: Todd H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.forename: Jan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kasperbauer
authors.forename: Louis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Wong Kee Song
authors.forename: Mark V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Larson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000532:radiotherapy; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016629:Esophagectomy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000379:methods; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy; D006801:Humans; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal / Q000295:instrumentation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D012107:Research Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome