title: Absence of Epstein-Barr virus infection in squamous cell carcinoma of upper urinary tract and urinary bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To address whether Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection may be involved in the carcinogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract and urinary bladder (SCC-UB). EBV has been implicated in the genesis of a variety of human cancers, including urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whether EBV infection is related to SCC-UB carcinogenesis was investigated by in situ hybridization for EBV-encoded RNA and immunohistochemistry for latent membrane protein-1 in 26 cases of SCC-UB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EBV-encoded RNA and latent membrane protein-1 were identified in the control case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. None of the SCC-UB cases had a nuclear signal of EBV-encoded RNA, and the cancer cells, normal urothelial cells, and inflammatory cells were all negative for latent membrane protein-1, irrespective of the site of SCC-UB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is the first to explore the role of EBV infection in SCC-UB. Our results suggest that EBV infection is not involved in the carcinogenesis of SCC of the renal pelvis, ureter, and urinary bladder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kwai-Fong
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Cheng-Keng
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Phei-Lang
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Sheng-Hsien
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Christopher Glenn
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: Tse-Ching
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D007682:Kidney Pelvis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014516:Ureteral Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*