title: Spontaneous bilateral internal carotid artery dissection with acute stroke in young patients.
abstract: We studied the clinical and neuroradiological features of 41 cases with spontaneous bilateral internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD), including 3 cases in our hospital and 38 retrieved from the English literature. Bilateral ICAD accounts for 15.8% of young stroke patients with ICAD in our hospital. The most common presentations are head and/or neck pain, cerebral ischemia, carotid bruit and Horner's syndrome. The cerebral ischemic symptoms are extremely variable in bilateral ICAD, including unilateral hemisphere, bilateral hemisphere or brainstem-like symptoms. Although the underlying pathogenesis remains uncertain, good vascular and clinical outcomes are achieved for spontaneous bilateral ICAD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Chuan
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yi-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chi-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sien-Tsong
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tsong-Hai
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D020215:Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D019547:Neck Pain / Q000209:etiology