title: Failure to find an association between CD14-159C/T polymorphism and asthma: a family-based association test and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CD14 is an essential component of the receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS stimulates T-helper type 1 (Th1) cytokine expression, potentially suppressing Th2 immune responses involved in IgE-mediated allergic diseases. Previous studies have reported that -159C/T, a promoter polymorphism of CD14, is associated with total serum IgE levels and atopy, but other studies have shown conflicting results.
  
  
  METHODS
  To examine possible associations of CD14 polymorphisms with asthma susceptibility, we performed transmission disequilibrium tests (TDTs) of 137 Japanese families identified through children with atopic asthma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no association between -159C/T polymorphism and asthma (p= 0.37). Quantitative TDT and ANOVA showed no association between the -159C/T genotype and total serum IgE levels. We also performed a meta-analysis of data from all available studies. Neither a fixed-effects model nor a random-effect model showed a significant odds ratio for the -159C/T polymorphism (p > 0.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that CD14 does not contribute substantially to susceptibility to asthma. Further studies examining both genotypes and environmental factors will be necessary to elucidate the role of CD14 in the development of allergic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumichika
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Masanao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shibasaki
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arinami
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Noguchi
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007564:Japan; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D007073:Immunoglobulin E