title: Cationic latex formation by ionic modification.
abstract: Stable cationic latices were prepared by charge inversion of anionic styrene-acrylic copolymer latices upon binding Al3+ and Fe3+ ions. This is achieved by stabilizing the latices with a high-HLB (hydrophile-lypophile balance) nonionic surfactant that imparts strong steric stability to the latex, even in the presence of high concentrations of multivalent counterions while these are bound to the latex anionic sites. The cationic latices thus prepared have good stability properties, and the same procedure should be applicable to essentially any latex-carrying anionic sites. Analytical ESI-TEM images show that particle-bound iron is concentrated at the particle borders, but it is also found in the particle bulk.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6154, 13084-971 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Heloisa Cajon
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: Marilene
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto Paula
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Juliane Pereira
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Erico Teixeira
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Neto
authors.forename: Mauro Makoto
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galembeck
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: do Amaral