title: Radiation-induced up-regulation of somatostatin receptor expression in small cell lung cancer in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The internalization of radiolabeled somatostatin analogs into tumor cells is of great importance for radionuclide therapy. It has previously been shown that some radiolabeled somatostatin analogs are internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis. The development of methods that increase the number of receptors on tumor cells is important to further improve the internalization of radionuclides. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of inducing up-regulation of the somatostatin receptor (sstr) expression on tumor cells by external-beam irradiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells were irradiated to absorbed doses of 2-8 Gy, and the uptake of 177Lu-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotate was measured 1-7 days after irradiation. The sstr2 mRNA expression was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The uptake of 177Lu-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotate was 1.5-3 times higher in cells irradiated to 4 Gy than in nonirradiated cells, and the highest uptake occurred 1 and 3-5 days after irradiation. The uptake of 177Lu-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotate was similar for cells irradiated to 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy. The sstr2 mRNA expression was twice as high in the cells irradiated to 4 Gy than in the nonirradiated cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The uptake of 177Lu-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotate increased in SCLC cells after exposure to irradiation, probably due to up-regulation of sstr expression. These results may be important in optimizing the treatment of tumors expressing sstr using radiolabeled somatostatin analogs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Physics, Lundberg Laboratory for Cancer Research, Göteborg University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden. jenny.oddstig@radfys.gu.se
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oddstig
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernhardt
authors.forename: Ola
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: Håkan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahlman
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Forssell-Aronsson
mesh_terms: D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin