Diagnostic usefulness of HBME1, galectin-3, CK19, and CITED1 and evaluation of their expression in encapsulated lesions with questionable features of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
We evaluated HBME1, galectin-3 (GAL3), cytokeratin (CK)19, and a new anti-CITED1 antibody in 127 follicular adenoma (FA) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cases. The findings were used to evaluate 11 diagnostically challenging encapsulated follicular lesions with questionable features of PTC (FL/QPTC). All 4 markers showed higher expression in PTC than FA. HBME1 was the most specific (96%), whereas CK19 was the most sensitive (96%). In addition, 100% specificity was seen with coexpression of HBME1/CK19. Negative expression of all 4 markers was 97% specific for FA. GAL3 and CITED1, less useful individually, could help in selective cases. FL/QPTC showed heterogeneous, often intermediate, staining patterns, implying that some FL/QPTCs may be biologically borderline lesions or represent a biologic spectrum of PTC. These antibodies can have a confirmatory role in distinguishing the follicular variant of PTC and FA. For FL/QPTC, these antibodies are helpful in some cases, their limitation perhaps suggesting the biologic ambiguity of these lesions.
Scognamiglio
Theresa
T
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Hyjek
Elizabeth
E
Kao
Jean
J
Chen
Yao-Tseng
YT
D000231:Adenocarcinoma, Papillary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053539:Keratin-19 / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm
D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D037502:Galectin 3; D053539:Keratin-19; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C512688:CITED1 protein, human; C432845:HBME-1 antigen; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm