title: Effect of GSM-900 and -1800 signals on the skin of hairless rats. II: 12-week chronic exposures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this work was to determine whether the cellular components of Hairless-rat skin are affected by a chronic local exposure to non-ionizing radiations of Global Mobile Phone System: GSM-900 or -1800 radiations at specific absorption rate (SAR) 2.5 and 5 W/kg.
  
  
  METHODS
  A selected part of the right back of five-week old female hairless rats was exposed or sham exposed (n = 8) for 2 h per day, 5 days a week, for 12 weeks to GSM-900 or -1800 signals using a loop-antenna. At the end of the experiment, skin biopsies were taken.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analyses of skin sections using hematoxylin eosin saffron (HES) coloration showed no significant difference in skin thickness among the groups. Immunohistochemical analysis of basal lamella cells in radiofrequency radiation (RFR)-exposed epidermis showed that the ratio of the antigen Ki-67 (cellular proliferation marker) positive cells to total lamella cells remained within the range of the normal proliferation ratio. No significant differences in the level of filaggrin, collagen, and elastin were observed among the different groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this 12-week chronic study do not demonstrate major histological variations in the skin of hairless rats exposed to RFR used in mobile telephony (GSM-900 or -1800).
authors.affiliation: PIOM Laboratory CNRS-ENSCPB, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Billaudel
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Haro
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Anane
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lévêque
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ruffie
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lagroye
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Veyret
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D040421:Cell Phone; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D008872:Microwaves; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D051381:Rats; D011923:Rats, Nude; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena / Q000528:radiation effects*