title: Routine oral calcium and vitamin D supplements for prevention of hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of routine oral calcium and vitamin D supplements in the prevention of hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety patients who underwent total thyroidectomy were randomly assigned to routinely receive or not receive a supplement containing oral calcium (3 g/d) and vitamin D (1 g/d) for 2 weeks. Hypocalcemic signs and symptoms, serum calcium, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were monitored and compared between the 2 groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidences of symptomatic and laboratory hypocalcemia were significantly lower in the oral calcium/vitamin D group than in the group not receiving the supplement: 3 of 45 patients (7%) versus 11 of 45 (24%) and 6 of 45 (13%) versus 16 of 45 (36%), respectively (P < or = .02). The hypocalcemic symptoms were minimal in the supplement group but more severe in the group not receiving the supplement. Serum calcium levels decreased in both groups after surgery but recovered earlier in the supplement group. No hypercalcemia or PTH inhibition developed in the supplement group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Routine administration of a supplement containing oral calcium and vitamin D is effective in reducing the incidence and severity of hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1 Pungnap-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736 Republic of Korea. rohjl@amc.seoul.kr
authors.forename: Jong-Lyel
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: Chan Il
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002118:Calcium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010280:Parathyroid Glands / Q000637:transplantation; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D013965:Thyroidectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D014807:Vitamin D; D002118:Calcium