title: Similar efficacy for ovarian ablation compared with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil: from a randomized comparison of premenopausal patients with node-positive, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of ovarian ablation versus chemotherapy in early breast cancer patients with hormone receptor-positive disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted an open, randomized, multicenter trial including premenopausal breast cancer patients with hormone receptor-positive tumors and either axillary lymph node metastases or tumors with a size of 5 cm or more. Patients were randomly assigned to ovarian ablation by irradiation or to nine courses of chemotherapy with intravenous cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) administered every 3 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1990 and May 1998, 762 patients were randomly assigned, and the present analysis is based on 358 first events. After a median follow-up time of 8.5 years, the unadjusted hazard ratio for disease-free survival in the ovarian ablation group compared with the CMF group was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.81 to 1.22). After a median follow-up time of 10.5 years, overall survival (OS) was similar in the two groups, with a hazard ratio of 1.11 (95% CI, 0.88 to 1.42) for the ovarian ablation group compared with the CMF group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, ablation of ovarian function in premenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer had a similar effect to CMF on disease-free and OS. No significant interactions were demonstrated between treatment modality and hormone receptor content, age, or any of the well-known prognostic factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Bldg 5012 Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. ejlertsen@rh.dk
authors.forename: Bent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ejlertsen
authors.forename: Henning T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Mouridsen
authors.forename: Maj-Britt
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Nils-Olof
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Bengtsson
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bergh
authors.forename: Soren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cold
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Edlund
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ewertz
authors.forename: Peter W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: de Graaf
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kamby
authors.forename: Dorte L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Nielsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010053:Ovary / Q000528:radiation effects*; D017697:Premenopause; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D005472:Fluorouracil; D008727:Methotrexate