title: Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and its efficacy in comparison with doxycycline in the treatment of Chlamydophila felis infection in cats with conjunctivitis.
abstract: The concentrations of enrofloxacin were measured in the tears, saliva and serum of 14 cats with signs of upper respiratory tract infection and eight with no signs, after daily doses of 5 mg/kg. Enrofloxacin concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration of Chlamydophila felis were found in the saliva and tears of the cats with and without signs of upper respiratory tract infection. In a prospective randomised clinical trial, the efficacy of enrofloxacin against C. felis infection in cats with conjunctivitis was compared with the efficacy of doxycycline. Twenty-five cats were randomly assigned to treatment with either enrofloxacin or doxycycline for 14 days; 15 of the cats tested positive for C. felis by an immunofluorescent antibody test on conjunctival swabs. The two treatment groups showed equal improvements in the clinical signs of conjunctivitis and C. felis infection status; in each group three cats were still C. felis antigen-positive after the 14-day course of treatment, indicating a persistent infection. No side effects were observed in the cats treated with enrofloxacin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Veterinärstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gerhardt
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Werckenthin
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hartmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002415:Cats; D023501:Chlamydophila / Q000187:drug effects; D023521:Chlamydophila Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D003234:Conjunctivitis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D013666:Tears / Q000737:chemistry; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D004318:Doxycycline