title: Voluntary changes in leg cadence modulate arm cadence during simultaneous arm and leg cycling.
abstract: Although there is some evidence showing that neural coupling plays an important role in regulating coordination between the upper and lower limbs during walking, it is unclear how tightly the upper and lower limbs are linked during rhythmic movements in humans. The present study was conducted to investigate how coupling of both limbs is coordinated during independent rhythmic movement of the upper and lower limbs. Ten subjects performed simultaneous arm and leg cycling (AL cycling) at their preferred cadences without feedback for 10 s, and then were asked to voluntarily change the cadence (increase, decrease, or stop) of arm or leg cycling. Leg cycling cadence was not affected by voluntary changes in arm cadence. By contrast, arm cycling cadence was significantly altered when leg cycling cadence was changed. These results suggest the existence of a predominant lumbocervical influence of leg cycling on arm cycling during AL cycling.
authors.affiliation: Division of Health and Sport Education, United of Graduate School of Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-Ku, Chiba City, 263-8522, Japan. sakamotokyu@graduate.chiba-u.jp
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tazoe
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Endoh
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shiozawa
authors.forename: Tomoyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komiyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001132:Arm / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004576:Electromyography; D016552:Ergometry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology