title: Cardiovascular disease risk in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a population in southern Spain.
abstract: To calculate overall 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk for patients with type 2 diabetes we applied the UKPDS and SCORE prediction models to data derived from clinical notes of 1846 patients (mean age 65.5 years; 55.8% women) with type 2 diabetes attending eight Primary-Care Centres serving a catchment population of 200,000 citizens in Andalusia. The results showed obesity and high blood pressure present in >50%, established CVD in 24%, retinopathy in 30%, and nephropathy in 17%. Mean HbAlc level was 7.3%. Compliance with therapeutic goals was 54% for systolic blood pressure <130 mmHg, 39% for HbA1c <7% and 9% for LDL cholesterol <2.58 mmol/L. Approximately 33% were receiving treatment with metformin, statins, renin-angiotensin system inhibitors and anti-aggregation agents. UKPDS risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) was 23% and 16% for stroke. The SCORE 10-year mortality risk was 5%. Correlation coefficient between the two models predicting CVD risk was 0.68 (p<0.001). We conclude that, despite the European consensus that CVD is low in Mediterranean countries, the CVD risk factors in the type 2 diabetes sub-population in southern Spain is relatively high. Specific measures of health-care intervention are needed if CVD-associated morbido-mortality rates in these diabetic patients are to be reduced.
authors.affiliation: Primary Care Area of Cádiz-La Janda and Jerez, Spain.
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lahoz-Rallo
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blanco-Gonzalez
authors.forename: Inmaculada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Casas-Ciria
authors.forename: Jose Alberto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Marín-Andrade
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mendez-Segovia
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Moratalla-Rodriguez
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Quintero-Dominguez
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Raya
authors.forename: Maria Jose
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Guerrero-Pinedo
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Diosdado
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000453:epidemiology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology