title: Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in Thai HIV-infected patients.
abstract: Increasing prevalence of thyroid function abnormality has been reported in HIV-infected patients. We aim to evaluate the prevalence and assess risk factors of thyroid dysfunction in Thai HIV-infected patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Serum thyroid hormone concentrations (FT4, FT3, and TSH) and thyroid autoantibodies (TgAb and TPOAb) were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. A total of 200 HIV-infected outpatients were included. Ninety-seven patients (48.5%) were men (mean age of 36.3 +/- 8.3 years). Duration of HIV infection was 49.6 +/- 35.1 months and 53% had previous opportunistic infections (OI). Mean CD4 cell count was 340.6 +/- 173.1 cells/mm(3). Of these, 167 patients (83.5%) received antiretroviral therapy (ARV). Abnormal thyroid function test was detected in 32 patients (16%). Twenty-seven patients (13.5%) had decreased thyroid function (primary hypothyroidism 3, subclinical hypothyroidism 12, and low FT4 with low or normal TSH 12) whereas 5 patients had increased thyroid function (overt hyperthyroidism 1, subclinical hyperthyroidism 1, and isolated high FT3 3). None had clinical features of thyroid hormone dysfunction. Thirteen patients (6.5%) had thyroid antibody positive. Patients who received ARV had higher mean FT3 levels than those who were naïve to ARV (p = 0.017). History of previous OI was found to be an independently significant risk factor for decreased thyroid function with the odds ratio of 3.28 (95% CI =1.183-9.099; p = 0.022). Hypothyroidism was common among Thai HIV-infected patients, especially in those who had history of previous OI. It is therefore suggested that screening and/or monitoring of thyroid hormone in HIV-infected patients should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Channarong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ketsamathi
authors.forename: Wallaya
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jongjaroenprasert
authors.forename: La-or
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Chailurkit
authors.forename: Umaporn
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Udomsubpayakul
authors.forename: Sasisopin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiertiburanakul
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013960:Thyroid Function Tests; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000276:immunology; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D001323:Autoantibodies; D012367:RNA, Viral; D013963:Thyroid Hormones