title: Reconstruction of skull base defects after minimally invasive endoscopic resection of anterior skull base neoplasms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The endoscopic resection of the cribriform plate during minimally invasive endoscopic resection (MIER) of the anterior skull base neoplasms may result in large anterior skull base defects. The objective of this study is to describe techniques for the management of skull base defects after MIER.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis was performed on patients undergoing MIER and skull base reconstruction between April 2000 and August 2005.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen patients underwent endoscopic resection of anterior skull base tumors and reconstruction during the study period. The mean age was 57.4 years (range, 26-84 years). The sex distribution was eight men and six women. The specific indications for resection included 11 malignant and 3 benign neoplasms. Ten patients received adjuvant therapy, and in two instances this occurred before surgery. In all instances, the dura was exposed; however, only 10 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks were encountered intraoperatively. Reconstruction of the skull base was successfully performed, most commonly in a multilayer fashion, using an array of materials including cartilage, fat, acellular dermal graft, and mucosal free grafts. Lumbar drain placement was used in seven cases for an average of 5.6 days. No postoperative CSF leaks occurred. The mean follow-up was 18.0 months (range, 1-56 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report describes methods for the reconstruction of the skull base after MIER. Reconstitution of the skull base barrier can be achieved through application of principles for surgical repair of CSF rhinorrhea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
authors.forename: Jern-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Citardi
authors.forename: Pete S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Batra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002559:Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019291:Skull Base / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D019292:Skull Base Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome