title: Genetic variation in IGF1, IGFBP3, IRS1, IRS2 and risk of breast cancer in women living in Southwestern United States.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An insulin-related pathway to breast cancer has been hypothesized.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examine the 19 CA repeat of the IGF1 gene, the -202 C > A IGFBP3, the G972R IRS, and the G1057D IRS2 polymorphisms among 1,175 non-Hispanic white (NHW) and 576 Hispanic newly diagnosed breast cancer cases and 1,330 NHW and 727 Hispanic controls living in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among post-menopausal women not recently exposed to hormones, not having the 19 CA repeat of IGF1 gene was associated with breast cancer among NHW women [odds ratio (OR) 2.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21-3.79] and having an R allele of G972R IRS1 increased breast cancer risk among Hispanic women (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.13-6.46). Among post-menopausal Hispanic women recently exposed to hormones the A allele of the -202 C > A IGFBP3 polymorphism increased risk of breast cancer (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.06-2.33). The IGF1 19 CA repeat polymorphism interacted with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among NHW post-menopausal women; women who had the 19/19 IGF1 genotype were at reduced risk of breast cancer (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.47-0.88) if they did not use HRT. We also observed interaction between body mass index and IGF1 19 CA repeat (p=0.06) and between weight gain and the -202 C > A IGFBP3 polymorphism (p=0.05) in NHW post-menopausal women not recently exposed to hormones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that associations between insulin-related genes and breast cancer risk among women living in the Southwestern United States may be dependent on estrogen exposure and may differ by ethnicity.
authors.affiliation: University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA. mslatter@hrc.utah.edu
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Slattery
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sweeney
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herrick
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giuliano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Byers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000235:genetics*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000235:genetics*; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D015206:Southwestern United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C526292:IRS1 protein, human; C526297:IRS2 protein, human; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I