Basic mechanisms responsible for osteolytic and osteoblastic bone metastases.
Certain solid tumors metastasize to bone and cause osteolysis and abnormal new bone formation. The respective phenotypes of dysregulated bone destruction and bone formation represent two ends of a spectrum, and most patients will have evidence of both. The mechanisms responsible for tumor growth in bone are complex and involve tumor stimulation of the osteoclast and the osteoblast as well as the response of the bone microenvironment. Furthermore, factors that increase bone resorption, independent of tumor, such as sex steroid deficiency, may contribute to this vicious cycle of tumor growth in bone. This article discusses mechanisms and therapeutic implications of osteolytic and osteoblastic bone metastases.
Guise
Theresa A
TA
Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA. tag4n@virginia.edu
Mohammad
Khalid S
KS
Clines
Gregory
G
Stebbins
Elizabeth G
EG
Wong
Darren H
DH
Higgins
Linda S
LS
Vessella
Robert
R
Corey
Eva
E
Padalecki
Susan
S
Suva
Larry
L
Chirgwin
John M
JM
D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010014:Osteolysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology