title: Measuring trust in medical researchers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Concern is widespread that the public's and participants' trust in medical research is threatened, but few empirical measures of research trust exist. This project aims to enable more rigorous study of researcher trust by developing and testing appropriate survey measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey items were developed based on a conceptual model of the primary domains of researcher trust (safety, fidelity, honesty, global trust). Pilot testing was conducted on a regional convenience sample of adults (n = 124). Exploratory factor analyses of the data were performed, and an item selection procedure reduced the number of survey questions. A final set of 12 items was validated, and a 4-item short version of the researcher trust scale was selected and tested in a national web-based survey of asthma and diabetes patients (n = 3623). Further factor analysis and validation were performed on this larger sample.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the full and short scales have a single-factor structure with acceptable internal reliability (alphas of 0.87 [12 items] and 0.72 [4 items]). Trust in physician researchers and trust in medical researchers generally were found not to be separate constructs. In the national sample, the short scale was positively associated with better health status, prior participation in medical research, and willingness to participate in a hypothetical medical research study, and negatively associated with African-American race and higher education.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trust in medical researchers is a measurable single-factor construct including trust in safety, researcher fidelity, and honesty. This new scale provides an empirical tool for informing the ethics and public policy of medical research.
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University, Department of Social Science and Health Policy, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1063, USA. mhall@wfubmc.edu
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Fabian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Camacho
authors.forename: Janice S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lawlor
authors.forename: Venita
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Depuy
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sugarman
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Weinfurt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology; D001290:Attitude; D035843:Biomedical Research; D003256:Community Participation; D003625:Data Collection; D004493:Education; D032984:Ethics, Research; D005006:Ethnicity; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D010820:Physicians; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011640:Public Policy; D012449:Safety; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D035502:Trust