title: Incomplete restoration of the secretion of ghrelin and PYY compared to insulin after food ingestion following weight gain in anorexia nervosa.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In humans, ghrelin has been found to stimulate appetite while PYY3-36 to reduce it; these orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides play significant roles in appetite control. We investigated pre- and postprandial responses of ghrelin and PYY in anorexia nervosa (AN) and the influence of weight gain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma ghrelin, PYY3-36, glucose and insulin responses after ingestion of a 400 kcal standard meal were measured in 14 patients with restricting type of AN and 12 controls. The AN patients were evaluated before therapy and after inpatient therapy. Psychometry was performed by the use of Eating Disorders Inventory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ghrelin was suppressed during the meal test, while PYY3-36 was increased in all of the groups. Before therapy, AN patients had significantly increased levels of ghrelin and PYY3-36 compared to the control (P<0.01). After therapeutic intervention, as the nutritional status of AN patients improved, the secretion of these hormones were increased (P<0.05), but not normalized as in psychological testing. In contrast, insulin and glucose responses were normalized after inpatient therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that both ghrelin and PYY3-36 increased in AN patients and these changes were not normalized in contrast to insulin after treatment. The increase in both orexigenic ghrelin and anorexigenic PYY3-36 may have a role in pathological eating behavior in AN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Medicine, Kagoshima University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima City 890-8520, Japan. ayana-n@m3.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakahara
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Muneki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yasuhara
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Ken-ichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sagiyama
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muranaga
authors.forename: Nobuathu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakazato
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nozoe
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naruo
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inui
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D001066:Appetite / Q000502:physiology; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D054439:Ghrelin; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D010343:Patient Admission; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000097:blood*; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D054439:Ghrelin; D007328:Insulin; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D019894:Peptide YY; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; C061785:peptide YY (3-36)