title: Persistence of fetal memory into neonatal life.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that fetal memory persists into the neonatal period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one newborns that had been repeatedly stimulated by using fetal vibroacoustic stimulation were compared with 31 controls. The same vibroacoustic stimulator was used for both fetal and neonatal stimulation tests. For the neonatal test the stimulus was applied against the mastoid of the newborn with the interposition of a specifically designed solid-liquid interface to simulate intrauterine conditions. Student's t-test was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neonatal habituation rate (the number of consecutive stimuli applied before a baby stopped responding) was significantly higher in those newborns who had not participate in the fetal habituation study (7.0+/-5.4 stimuli) than in those who had (4.1+/-4.1 stimuli), p=0.01.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Newborns who were stimulated in utero habituated earlier than those who had not previously experienced the stimulation. These results suggest that fetal memory persists into neonatal life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, University Hospital of the Canary Islands, Tenerife, Spain. ngonzalezg@sego.es
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Gonzalez
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Suarez
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Perez-Piñero
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Armas
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Domenech
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bartha
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000502:physiology*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006185:Habituation, Psychophysiologic; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn / Q000502:physiology*; D008568:Memory; D011247:Pregnancy