title: Value of computed tomography-based tumor volume as a predictor of outcomes in hypopharyngeal cancer after treatment with definitive radiotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the value of pretreatment computed tomography (CT) volumetric analysis for the prediction of treatment outcome in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) treated by definitive radiotherapy (RT).
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2000 through February 2004, 63 patients with HPC were enrolled for a retrospective analysis. The pyriform sinus was the principle site of involvement in 62 cases. All patients received with 1.8 Gy daily to a total dose of 68.4 to 73.8 Gy (median, 70.2 Gy). Contrast-enhanced CT images were transferred to a planning system. Tumor volume measurement was derived from summation of the primary and metastatic nodal tumor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With a median follow-up of 38 (range, 24-68) months, the 5 year local relapse-free survival (LRFS) was 83% for patients with T1 to T2 disease, 46% for those with T3 disease, and 40% for those with T4 disease (P = .01). The 5 year LRFS was 75% for those with tumors less than 40 mL and 26% when volumes were 40 mL of larger (P = .0001). For patients with T3 to T4 disease, the 5 year LRFS was 70% for those with tumors less than 40 mL and 24% when volumes were 40 mL or larger (P = .0005). Multivariate analyses of local relapse-free survival revealed two prognostic factors: tumor volume more than 40 mL and the involvement of the larynx.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT-based tumor volumes are a strong predictor of outcomes for HPC treated using definitive RT. A selected group of patients, mainly those with tumor volumes less than 40 mL, should be considered for laryngeal preservation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Therapy and Oncology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. vincent1680616@yahoo.com.tw
authors.forename: Shang-Wen
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shih-Neng
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ji-An
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Ming-Hsiu
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: An-Cheng
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Shiau
authors.forename: Fang-Jen
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007012:Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D007830:Larynx / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome