title: [Noncardiac chest pain and gastroesophageal reflux in children].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in children and to assess the diagnostic value of esophageal pH monitoring in patients with NCCP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ambulatory 24 h esophageal pH monitoring was performed in 36 NCCP cases (patient group) with recurrent chest pain and without respiratory diseases and musculoskeletal abnormalities in chest, and 20 of them underwent gastric endoscopy. Eleven of the 20 cases were found to have esophagitis (esophagitis group), while the other 9 cases showed no signs of esophagitis (non-esophagitis group) according to the diagnostic criteria of esophagitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The episode of esophageal pH < 4, the number of reflux longer than 5 min, the longest reflux time, the percent time of pH < 4 and Boix-Ochoa score in the patient group were 60 +/- 7, 2.44 +/- 0.74, (12.4 +/- 2.8) min, 6.72 +/- 1.39, 24.6 +/- 3.9, respectively, as compared to 33 +/- 4, 0.35 +/- 0.11, (4.3 +/- 0.9) min, 1.25 +/- 0.19, 7.7 +/- 0.9 in the control group. The difference between the two groups had reached significance (t = 3.44, 2.79, 2.73, 3.89, 4.24, respectively, all P < 0.01). The positive rate of acid reflux in the patient group was 58.3% (21/36) whose Boix-Ochoa score higher than 11.99. Eleven of the 20 cases (55.0%) receiving endoscopy were found to have esophagitis, among them the positive rate of GER occurred 81.8% (9/11). Whereas, the other 9 cases (45.0%, 9/20) showed non-esophagitis and the positive rate of GER showed 33.3% (3/9). The number of reflux longer than 5 min and the percent time of pH < 4 in the esophagitis group were 5.8 +/- 2.0, 12.5 +/- 3.5, respectively, as compared to 0.9 +/- 0.5, 3.4 +/- 1.4 in the non-esophagitis group. Significant difference were observed between the two groups (Z = -2.400, -2.545, respectively, all P < 0.05). The episode of esophageal pH < 4, the longest reflux time, and Boix-Ochoa score in the esophagitis group were 73 +/- 11, (26.4 +/- 7.3) min, 41 +/- 10, respectively, as compared to 34 +/- 11, (4 +/- 3) min, 14 +/- 5 in the non-esophagitis group. The difference between the two groups showed significance (Z = -2.926, -2.675, -2.584, respectively, all P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GER is very common in children with NCCP. Esophageal pH monitoring has a therapeutic predictive value in addition to its diagnostic merit for NCCP in children.
authors.affiliation: The Affiliated Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China. mizu@zju.edu.cn
authors.forename: Tian-lin
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ke-rong
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Mi-zu
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Jin-dan
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xue-lian
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D050782:Esophageal pH Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male