title: Circulating renin Angiotensin system in childhood chronic renal failure: marked increase of Angiotensin-(1-7) in end-stage renal disease.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate plasma renin activity (PRA) and Angiotensin (Ang) levels [Ang I, Ang II and Ang-(1-7)] to examine the circulating Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) in renal disease among children with different forms and stages of chronic renal failure (CRF). Subjects were divided as follows: 32 normotensive healthy subjects, 23 normotensive CRF subjects, 34 hypertensive CRF subjects and 21 subjects with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Radioimmunoassays for PRA (ngAngI/mL/h) and angiotensin (pg/mL) measurements were performed on all subjects. PRA, Ang I, Ang II and Ang-(1-7) levels were significantly higher in hypertensive CRF subjects when compared with normotensive CRF and healthy subjects (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). No differences were observed between normotensive CRF and healthy subjects. ESRD subjects exhibited a dramatic increase in Ang-(1-7) (25-fold higher than control values). In hypertensive CRF subjects, treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) increased (1.4-fold) plasma Ang-(1-7) and decreased (2.4-fold) Ang II. In ESRD, the use of ACEi produced a similar (1.5-fold) elevation of Ang-(1-7), but no changes in plasma Ang II. Our data showed different circulating RAS profiles between hypertensive and in normotensive CRF subjects. Marked changes in plasma Ang-(1-7) were associated with the presence of hypertension and progression of kidney dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130-100, Brazil. acssilva@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ana C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Simões e Silva
authors.forename: José Silvério S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Diniz
authors.forename: Regina M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Sérgio V Brant
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Pinheiro
authors.forename: Robson Augusto S
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000803:Angiotensin I / Q000097:blood; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000097:blood; D000809:Angiotensins / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000378:metabolism; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood*; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000809:Angiotensins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D000804:Angiotensin II; D000803:Angiotensin I; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D012083:Renin; C118790:angiotensin I (1-7)