title: Symptoms of men and women presenting with acute coronary syndromes.
abstract: This study evaluated symptom similarities and differences between men and women presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) and determined whether differences in presentation are intrinsic to patient gender or to other factors. This study was a subgroup analysis of patients from an ACS registry. We compared differences in symptom presentation between men and women and analyzed them using binary logistic regression with all variables and 2 x 2 interactions. Patient gender was forced to remain in the models. Women comprised 35% of the 1,941 patients admitted with confirmed ACS. Men were more likely to present with chest pain, left arm pain, or diaphoresis. Nausea was more common in women. Dyspnea did not differ between groups. After binary logistic regression, gender remained a statistically significant predictor of diaphoresis and nausea, but not of chest or left arm pain. We found that differences in occurrence of chest pain and left arm pain between men and women are explainable by differences in co-morbidities and history; the higher occurrence of diaphoresis in men and of nausea in women is partly related to maleness or femaleness. In conclusion, gender should be considered when evaluating patients with symptoms of ACS.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. cmae@umich.edu
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arslanian-Engoren
authors.forename: Amisha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Jianming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kline-Rogers
authors.forename: Claire S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Duvernoy
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Eagle
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008824:Michigan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D009325:Nausea / Q000209:etiology; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D013546:Sweating; D013577:Syndrome