title: Aldosterone synthesis and cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
abstract: Previously, we reported that spironolactone reduced cytokine production in cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with angiotensin (Ang) II stimulation. To address the mechanisms underlying this effect, we examined the contribution of aldosterone to cytokine production in cultured human PBMCs with Ang II stimulation. PBMCs expressed the messenger RNA (mRNA) of Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) both spontaneously and after Ang II stimulation, but expressed Ang II type 2 receptor (AT2R) under neither condition. After 24 h of incubation, exogenous Ang II induced the expression of CYP11B2 (a key enzyme of aldosterone synthesis) mRNA and caused aldosterone synthesis. CV-11974 (an AT1R antagonist) reduced Ang II-induced aldosterone synthesis, whereas PD-123319 (an AT2R antagonist) had no effect. The concentration of aldosterone peaked earlier than those of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). After 48 h of incubation (under the influence of synthesized aldosterone), CV-11974 and spironolactone significantly reduced the Ang II-enhanced production of MCP-1 and TNF-alpha, whereas PD-123319 also had no effect. In conclusion, Ang II induces aldosterone synthesis through AT1R and enhances cytokine production through an AT1R-dependent mechanism and, at least partly, through a MR-dependent mechanism in human PBMCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. miura@mpc.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Ryuzea
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Kazufumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Daiji
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hisamatsu
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kajiya
authors.forename: Katsushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagase
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukushima Kusano
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Emori
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D057912:Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Blockers; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019405:Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008297:Male; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D057912:Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Blockers; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016207:Cytokines; D017931:DNA Primers; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000804:Angiotensin II; D000450:Aldosterone; D019405:Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2