title: Response of Staphylococcus aureus to salicylate challenge.
abstract: Growth of Staphylococcus aureus with the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory salicylate reduces susceptibility of the organism to multiple antimicrobials. Transcriptome analysis revealed that growth of S. aureus with salicylate leads to the induction of genes involved with gluconate and formate metabolism and represses genes required for gluconeogenesis and glycolysis. In addition, salicylate induction upregulates two antibiotic target genes and downregulates a multidrug efflux pump gene repressor (mgrA) and sarR, which represses a gene (sarA) important for intrinsic antimicrobial resistance. We hypothesize that these salicylate-induced alterations jointly represent a unique mechanism that allows S. aureus to resist antimicrobial stress and toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Group, Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001 Dept. 3AF, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA.
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Riordan
authors.forename: Arunachalam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muthaiyan
authors.forename: Wayne
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Van Voorhies
authors.forename: Christopher T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gustafson
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005561:Formates / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D005942:Gluconates / Q000378:metabolism; D005943:Gluconeogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D006019:Glycolysis / Q000235:genetics; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012459:Salicylates; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005561:Formates; D005942:Gluconates; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012459:Salicylates; C030544:formic acid; C030691:gluconic acid