title: The influence of epilarynx area on vocal fold dynamics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the influence of epilarynx area on an excised human vocal fold during phonation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A hemilarynx set-up using an excised human larynx was used. An artificial vocal tract with an epilarynx tube of variable cross-sectional area was attached. High-speed imaging was performed and standard phonatory variables were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glottal airflow, fundamental frequency, and sound level increased as a function of subglottal pressure. A decrease in epilarynx area decreased phonation threshold pressure, glottal airflow, and vocal fold displacements and velocities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preliminary experimental results confirm that narrowing the epilarynx area facilitates phonation by decreasing phonation threshold pressure, presumably through impedance matching of the glottal source and vocal tract.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As this phenomenon associated with epilarynx narrowing is further quantified and generalized, eventually new surgical alterations of the epilaryngeal structure may be suggested to facilitate phonation, in addition to standard phonosurgical procedures.
authors.affiliation: Laryngeal Dynamics Laboratory, Division of Head & Neck Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California. michael.doellinger@gmx.net
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Döllinger
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: Douglas W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Montequin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005931:Glottis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007830:Larynx / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement; D010699:Phonation / Q000502:physiology*; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000502:physiology*