title: Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of benazepril in the treatment of chronic renal insufficiency in cats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) is a common disease in cats. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) have beneficial effects in humans with CRI by reducing the loss of protein in the urine and increasing life expectancy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The ACEI benazepril has beneficial effects on survival, clinical variables, or both as compared with placebo in cats with CRI.
  
  
  METHODS
  61 cats with naturally occurring CRI.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cats were enrolled into a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Cats received placebo or 0.5-1 mg/kg benazepril once daily for up to 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urine protein/urine creatinine ratios were significantly (P < .05) lower with benazepril as compared with placebo at days 120 and 180. Three cats with placebo and 1 cat with benazepril were removed prematurely from the study because of deterioration of CRI or death. Cats were classified into 4 stages of CRI according to the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) classification scheme. Incidence rates of cats with IRIS classification stage 2 or stage 3 that remained in stage 2 or 3 without progressing to stage 4 were higher with benazepril (93 +/- 5%) as compared with placebo (73 +/- 13%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest a potential for benazepril to delay the progression of disease, extend survival time, or both in cats with CRI.
authors.affiliation: Division of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan. hisashi-m@nvau.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Keita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kajiwara
authors.forename: Jonathan N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine; D002415:Cats; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000652:urine / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000662:veterinary; D011788:Quality of Life; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D001552:Benzazepines; D003404:Creatinine; C044946:benazepril