title: Grading system of lymphatic invasion according to D2-40 immunostaining is useful for the prediction of nodal metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relationship between lymphatic invasion detected by D2-40 immunostaining and nodal metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-five cases of FIGO stage IB to IIB SCC of the cervix, treated by radical hysterectomy and lymph node dissection, were examined. Immunohistochemistry for D2-40 was performed. Overestimation of lymphatic invasion on conventional histological examination was demonstrated by assessment of D2-40 immunoreactivity in 22 cases. A significant difference in lymphatic invasion detected by D2-40 immunostaining was found between the metastatic group (30 cases) and the non-metastatic group (45 cases) (P < 0.001). A grading system (grade 0-2) of lymphatic invasion according to D2-40 immunostaining was devised. Subsequently, the frequency of nodal metastasis significantly increased in accordance with the grade of lymphatic invasion (P < 0.001) and in eight cases with grade 2, seven cases (87.5%) had nodal metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In cervical SCC, a grading system for lymphatic invasion according to D2-40 immunostaining is useful for the prediction of nodal metastasis and grade 2 lymphatic invasion is a strong predictor of nodal metastasis.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Pathology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sonoue
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C500987:monoclonal antibody D2-40