title: Clinical experience of hydroxyethyl starch (10% HES 200/0.5) in cerebral perfusion pressure protocol for severe head injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study was undertaken to evaluate 10% hydroxyethyl starch (HES 200/0.5) with regard to its clinical outcome and safety in the treatment of severe head injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of patient data from a prospectively designed standard treatment protocol for severe head injury. The standard protocol included (1) cerebral perfusion pressure higher than 60 mm Hg, (2) colloid solution (10% HES 200/0.5) 1000 mL/d in combination with crystalloid solution, (3) stepwise management of intracranial hypertension. Renal function, coagulation function, and electrolytes were evaluated every other day. The data of intracranial pressure, mean arterial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, intake, output, mannitol, complications, and outcome were recorded and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 78 patients, aged 45.61 +/- 21.80 years, in this study. The initial Glasgow Coma Scale score was 6.35 +/- 1.38. Seventy-three patients received operations with intracranial pressure monitoring. Blood transfusion was surgery related (days 1 and 2); otherwise, it was rarely used (P<.05). Prolonged prothrombin time was shown only 7 (2.65%) times of 234 of blood sampling. There was no anaphylactic reaction, pulmonary complications, or renal function deterioration in the course of our observation. The chart review of the patients at 6 months revealed the following: favorable outcome, 55.1%; unfavorable outcome, 33.3%; and mortality, 11.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 10% HES (200/0.5) can be used in the treatment protocol of severe head injury. There is no definite bleeding complications documented by current dosage of HES. Besides, balanced fluid management can be achieved without causing serious pulmonary complications. However, a further randomized, prospective study is needed to define the actual benefit of HES in fluid management and clinical outcome.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, ROC Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sheng-Jean
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yuan-Shen
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wei-Chen
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yin-Yi
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Ming-Chien
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: Li-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lien
authors.forename: Yong-Kwang
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Tu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007427:Intracranial Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D010952:Plasma Substitutes