Host range and receptor utilization of canine distemper virus analyzed by recombinant viruses: Involvement of heparin-like molecule in CDV infection.
We constructed recombinant viruses expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) or firefly luciferase from cDNA clones of the canine distemper virus (CDV) (a Japanese field isolate, Yanaka strain). Using these viruses, we examined susceptibilities of different cell lines to CDV infection. The results revealed that the recombinant CDVs can infect a broad range of cell lines. Infectivity inhibition assay using a monoclonal antibody specific to the human SLAM molecule indicated that the infection of B95a cells with these recombinant CDVs is mainly mediated by SLAM but the infection of 293 cell lines with CDV is not, implying the presence of one or more alternative receptors for CDV in non-lymphoid tissue. Infection of 293 cells with the recombinant CDV was inhibited by soluble heparin, and the recombinant virus bound to immobilized heparin. Both F and H proteins of CDV could bind to immobilized heparin. These results suggest that heparin-like molecules are involved in CDV infection.
Fujita
Kentaro
K
Laboratory Animal Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
Miura
Ryuichi
R
Yoneda
Misako
M
Shimizu
Fusako
F
Sato
Hiroki
H
Muto
Yuri
Y
Endo
Yasuyuki
Y
Tsukiyama-Kohara
Kyoko
K
Kai
Chieko
C
D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000494:pharmacology; D006224:Cricetinae; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004217:Distemper Virus, Canine / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004285:Dogs; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D000882:Haplorhini; D006493:Heparin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D011817:Rabbits; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine
D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D006493:Heparin; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D011991:Receptors, Virus