title: Risperidone in long-term treatment for bipolar disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic, is used to treat acute manic episodes, particularly when psychotic symptoms are present. Drugs used to treat mania are often continued as long-term treatment to prevent relapse. There is a need for evidence of the effectiveness and safety of risperidone as long-term treatment.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the randomised evidence for the efficacy and tolerability of risperidone compared with placebo or other active pharmacological treatments as long-term treatment for prevention or attenuation of further episodes of mood disorder in patients with bipolar disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Cochrane Collaboration Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Controlled Trials Register (CCDANCTR-Studies) was search on 12/10/2005, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched in October 2005. Reference lists and English language textbooks were searched; researchers in the field were contacted.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised trials comparing risperidone with placebo or other drug in long-term treatment for prevention of depressive or manic relapses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No randomised trials comparing risperidone with other treatments for the prevention of manic and depressive relapses were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a need for randomised controlled trials comparing risperidone and other treatments for the prevention of relapse in bipolar disorder. The trials should involve randomisation of treatment for relapse prevention and involve long-term follow up.
authors.affiliation: University of Oxford, Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK. jennifer.rendell@psych.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rendell
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Geddes
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D018967:Risperidone / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D018967:Risperidone