title: Early complications of stenting in patients with congenital heart disease: a multicentre study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Stenting has become an established interventional cardiology procedure for congenital heart disease. Although most stent procedures are completed successfully, complications may occur. This multicentre study evaluated early complications after stenting in patients with congenital heart disease, including potential risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this combined Dutch-Belgian retrospective study, 309 consecutive patients had undergone 366 catheterizations and received 464 stents in 13 different anatomical positions (418 sites). Seventy-two stenting-related complications (19%) occurred, of which 24 (5.7%) were major. Seven procedure-related deaths were documented (2.3%). Stent malpositioning and embolization were most common (7.7%). The use of non-premounted stents tended to be associated with higher complication rates. Centre inexperience with stenting and stenting of native vs. post-surgical stenosis tended to be associated with increased major complication rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After stenting, complications are common for congenital heart disease. The vast diversity of stenotic sites combined with relatively small patient populations makes these procedures sensitive to complications. Combining operator experience may reduce the risks of stenting in congenital heart disease. The availability of premounted stents for greater vessel diameters will likely reduce incidences of stent migration and embolization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Dr. Molewaterplein 60, 3015 GJ Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Menno
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Gameren
authors.forename: Maarten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Witsenburg
authors.forename: Johanna J M
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Takkenberg
authors.forename: Derize
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boshoff
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mertens
authors.forename: Anton M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: van Oort
authors.forename: Daniël
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: de Wolf
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freund
authors.forename: Narayanswani
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sreeram
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bökenkamp
authors.forename: Melle D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Talsma
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gewillig
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*