title: The effect of glucocorticoids on canine lymphocyte marker expression and apoptosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glucocorticoids are commonly administered to dogs for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, autoimmunity and cancers such as lymphoma. Despite evidence of clinical efficacy, understanding of the effects of glucocorticoids on cells of the canine immune system is limited.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Glucocorticoids affect the expression of phenotypic markers on canine lymphocytes and induce apoptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen healthy mixed breed dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized study. Prednisone was administered orally for 3 days, and cells aspirated from the popliteal lymph node before prednisone administration, and on days 1, 3, 10, 17, 24, and 38, were labeled with antibodies against canine CD3, CD4, CD8alpha, CD18, CD21, CD45, CD45RA, and CD90 molecules, and analyzed by flow cytometry. Additional samples were cultured in media with prednisolone for 24 hours and analyzed by cytometry for marker expression, and by gel electrophoresis for DNA fragmentation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment of dogs with glucocorticoids resulted in reduced (p < or = .05) proportions of CD3 (days 1, 3, 17, and 24), CD4 (days 3 and 10), CD21 (day 1, 3, and 38), CD45RA (day 17) and CD90 (days 1, 10, and 17) expressing lymphocytes, and reduced intensity of CD18 (day 17) and CD45 (day 17 and 24) molecules on nodal lymphocytes. Culture oflymphocytes with prednisolone for 24 hours caused a significant reduction in the expression of all markers (p < or = .05) and DNA fragmentation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glucocorticoids significantly alter the expression of phenotypic markers on canine lymphocytes, and in vitro induce apoptosis. These findings identify potential mechanisms for clinical immunosuppression from glucocorticoid treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: M A G
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ammersbach
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kruth
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sears
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bienzle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D004285:Dogs / Q000276:immunology*; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000662:veterinary; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000662:veterinary; D016014:Linear Models; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D011241:Prednisone / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011241:Prednisone