title: The paralogous hematopoietic regulators Lyl1 and Scl are coregulated by Ets and GATA factors, but Lyl1 cannot rescue the early Scl-/- phenotype.
abstract: Transcription factors are key regulators of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), yet the molecular mechanisms that control their expression are largely unknown. Previously, we demonstrated that expression of Scl/Tal1, a transcription factor required for the specification of HSCs, is controlled by Ets and GATA factors. Here we characterize the molecular mechanisms controlling expression of Lyl1, a paralog of Scl also required for HSC function. Two closely spaced promoters directed expression to hematopoietic progenitor, megakaryocytic, and endothelial cells in transgenic mice. Conserved binding sites required for promoter activity were bound in vivo by GATA-2 and the Ets factors Fli1, Elf1, Erg, and PU.1. However, despite coregulation of Scl and Lyl1 by the same Ets and GATA factors, Scl expression was initiated prior to Lyl1 in embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation assays. Moreover, ectopic expression of Scl but not Lyl1 rescued hematopoietic differentiation in Scl-/- ES cells, thus providing a molecular explanation for the vastly different phenotypes of Scl-/- and Lyl1-/- mouse embryos. Furthermore, coregulation of Scl and Lyl1 later during development may explain the mild phenotype of Scl-/- adult HSCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Wan Y I
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Follows
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lacaud
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Pimanda
authors.forename: Josette-Renee
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Landry
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kinston
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Knezevic
authors.forename: Sandie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Piltz
authors.forename: Ian J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gambardella
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sablitzky
authors.forename: Anthony R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kouskoff
authors.forename: Berthold
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Göttgens
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D050989:GATA2 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D050784:Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D000073942:T-Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Protein 1; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D050989:GATA2 Transcription Factor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D050784:Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-1; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D000073942:T-Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Protein 1; C494712:Gata2 protein, mouse; C490130:Lyl1 protein, mouse; C489366:Tal1 protein, mouse