title: Generation, sampling, and analysis for low-level GB (Sarin) and GF (Cyclosarin) vapor for inhalation toxicology studies.
abstract: This study tested and optimized various methodologies to generate, sample, and characterize GB and GF test atmospheres in an inhalation chamber, particularly at low vapor levels. A syringe drive/spray atomization system produced vapor concentrations at a range of 1-50 mg/m3. A saturator cell was used to generate vapor at sub-lethal concentrations ranging from 1 mg/m3 down to low levels approaching the threshold limit value time-weighted average (TLV-TWA) of 0.0001 mg/m3 for GB. Both generation techniques demonstrated the ability to produce stable vapor concentrations over extended exposure periods. This capability was important to determine sublethal nerve agent effects, such as miosis, for inhalation toxicology studies. In addition, the techniques employed for producing and maintaining low-level agent vapor would lay the foundation for testing less volatile chemical warfare agents such as VX.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, 21010-5424, USA. william.muse@us.army.mil
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Muse
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Crouse
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matson
mesh_terms: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry*; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012524:Sarin / Q000737:chemistry*; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D012524:Sarin; C053914:cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate