title: Early dental management of patients with Mobius syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the orofacial manifestations in patients with Mobius syndrome (MS), establish an early adequate dental treatment and discuss the possible etiology of all cases examined based on information about the gestational intercurrences.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Special Care Dentistry Center, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Subject(s) and methods: Twenty-nine patients with MS aged 0 to 4 underwent prospective dental examination as well as early orthodontic treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients presented micrognathia, lack of lip seal, high arched palate and weak soft palate. The use of orthopedic appliances was recommended to all 29 patients, but only 13 adhered to treatment and were monitored for at least 24 months. We observed that, after 24 months of treatment, the palate was expanded and micrognathia became less severe in the majority of the cases. Pregnancy-related complications were reported by 27 (97%) of the 29 mothers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The early use of orthopedic appliances was important to prevent malocclusion and glossoptosis. Attempted abortion with misoprostol is associated with an increased risk of MS in infants.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mhcg
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.forename: Lca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: Cc
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chiaradia
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fraige
authors.forename: Mt
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zamunaro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mantesso
mesh_terms: D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal / Q000009:adverse effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017742:Dental Care for Chronically Ill; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008844:Micrognathism / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D016595:Misoprostol / Q000009:adverse effects; D020331:Mobius Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications; D009973:Orthodontics, Preventive; D021362:Palate, Hard / Q000002:abnormalities; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014059:Tongue / Q000002:abnormalities
chemical_list: D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal; D016595:Misoprostol