title: [Application of Whittle's stochastic threshold theorem to a chickenpox outbreak].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the basic reproductive rate of a chickenpox outbreak, to apply the stochastic threshold theorem to estimate the probability of an outbreak occurrence and to identify preventive measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was carried out in a daycare center comprising 16 children, 13 susceptible, one infected and two children with acquired immunity by previous disease. A stochastic susceptible - infected - removed model was applied. The basic reproductive rate (R0) was estimated using the maximum likelihood method based on probability distribution for the total size of the epidemic and making an approach of almost complete epidemic. Based on R0, the theorem was applied to establish some preventive measures for preventing a chickenpox outbreak.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each initially infected subject produced three new cases of infection requiring minimum vaccination coverage of 62% to prevent the outbreak or to reduce in 62% the contact among members of the group or to increase in 170% removal of infected subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The stochastic threshold theorem allows to identifying measures that could be implemented to prevent and control chickenpox outbreaks. Although the distribution of the epidemic size showed similar probability of occurrence of large and small outbreaks in a typical bimodal pattern, it illustrates the uncertainty of epidemic process in small groups, requiring close detection of outbreaks in such groups.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Epidemiología, Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. doracely@guajiros.udea.edu.co
authors.forename: Doracelly
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hincapié Palacio
authors.forename: Juan Fernando
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Ospina Giraldo
mesh_terms: D002644:Chickenpox / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015981:Epidemiologic Factors; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011336:Probability; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013269:Stochastic Processes