title: Does cerebral monitoring improve ophthalmic surgical operating conditions during propofol-induced sedation?
abstract: Sudden movements from over-sedation during ophthalmic surgery can be detrimental to the eye. Bispectral index (BIS) and middle-latency auditory-evoked potentials (Alaris AEP index, AAI) were reported to be accurate indicators for the level of sedation and loss of consciousness. We assessed these monitors during sedation with special emphasis on preventing over-sedation. One-hundred patients scheduled for elective eye surgery were sedated with target-controlled propofol infusion and randomly allocated to BIS-guided, AAI-guided, BIS/AAI-guided, or clinically guided groups (n = 25 each). The initial target concentration was 0.5 microg x mL(-1) in patients >70 yr and 1.0 microg x mL(-1) in all other patients. The concentration was increased every 3 min by 0.1 or 0.2 microg x mL(-1), respectively until the patient had reached a BIS value of 75 (range 70-90) or an AAI of 40 (range 35-60). The surgeon who was blinded to group allocation assessed treatment quality after the procedure. Sedation was converted into general anesthesia in four patients because of excessive head movements. BIS was out of range 7% of the time vs 58% for AAI. No significant differences in treatment quality were observed among the four groups. We conclude that propofol sedation, guided by BIS or AAI monitoring, did not enhance ophthalmic surgical operating conditions over sedation guided by clinical observation only.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Vivian L B
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Oei-Lim
authors.forename: Marcel G W
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Dijkgraaf
authors.forename: Marc D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: de Smet
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Cor J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kalkman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D015742:Propofol