Floral scent diversity is differently expressed in emitted and endogenous components in Petunia axillaris lines.
OBJECTIVE
Among the subspecies of Petunia axillaris are various lines emitting sensorially different scents. Analysis of variations in floral scent among genetically close individuals is a powerful approach to understanding the mechanisms for generating scent diversity.


METHODS
Emitted and endogenous components were analysed independently to gain information about evaporation and endogenous production in 13 wild lines of P. axillaris. A dynamic headspace method was used to collect emitted components. Endogenous components were extracted with solvent. Both of these sample types were subjected to quantitative and qualitative analysis by gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detector (FID) and GC-mass spectrometry (MS).


CONCLUSIONS
Whereas the profiles of emitted compounds showed qualitative homogeneity, being mainly composed of methyl benzoate with quantitative variation, the profiles of endogenous compounds showed both qualitative and quantitative variation. A negative correlation was found between the evaporation ratio and boiling point of each compound examined. Lower boiling point compounds were strongly represented in the emitted component, resulting in the reduction of qualitative variation in floral scent. In conclusion, floral scent diversity results from variation in both the endogenous production and the evaporation rate of the individual volatile compounds.
Kondo
M
M
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572 Japan.
Oyama-Okubo
N
N
Ando
T
T
Marchesi
E
E
Nakayama
M
M
D035264:Flowers / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009812:Odorants; D032306:Petunia / Q000235:genetics*
D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic