title: Securin induces genetic instability in colorectal cancer by inhibiting double-stranded DNA repair activity.
abstract: Genetic instability (GI) is a hallmark feature of tumor development. Securin, also known as pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG), is a mitotic checkpoint protein which is highly expressed in numerous cancers, is associated with tumor invasiveness, and induces GI in thyroid cells. We used fluorescence inter-simple sequence repeat PCR to assess GI caused primarily by DNA breakage events in 19 colorectal tumors. GI values ranged significantly, with Dukes' stage C&D colorectal tumors exhibiting greater GI and higher securin expression than Dukes' stage A&B tumors. Consistent with these findings, we observed a dose-dependent increase in GI in HCT116 cells in response to securin overexpression, as well as in non-transformed human fibroblasts. As securin has been implicated in a novel DNA repair pathway in fission yeast, we investigated its potential role in chemotoxic DNA damage response pathways in mammalian cells, using host cell reactivation assays. Securin overexpression in HCT116 cells inhibited etoposide-induced double-stranded DNA damage repair activity, and repressed Ku heterodimer function. Additionally, we observed that securin and Ku70 showed a reciprocal cytosol-nuclear translocation in response to etoposide-induced dsDNA damage. Our data suggest that, by repressing Ku70 activity and inhibiting the non-homologous end-joining dsDNA repair pathway, securin may be a critical gene in the development of GI in colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham B15 2TH, UK.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Franklyn
authors.forename: V E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Stratford
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Pemberton
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Warfield
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Watkinson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishmail
authors.forename: M J O
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wakelam
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: McCabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D004260:DNA Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000502:physiology; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000502:physiology; D042822:Genomic Instability / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D000072200:Ku Autoantigen; D008322:Mammals; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D064249:Securin
chemical_list: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D064249:Securin; C578002:pituitary tumor-transforming protein 1, human; C000606509:Xrcc6 protein, human; D000072200:Ku Autoantigen