title: Plasma adiponectin levels and endometrial cancer risk in pre- and postmenopausal women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adiponectin, an adipocytokine secreted by adipose tissue, is decreased in obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome, all of which are well-established risk factors for endometrial cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition to examine the relation between prediagnostic plasma adiponectin levels and endometrial cancer risk. Among pre- and postmenopausal women who were not currently using exogenous hormones, 284 women developed incident endometrial cancer during an average of 5.1 yr of follow-up. Using risk set sampling, 548 control subjects were selected, matched on center, age, menopausal status, phase of menstrual cycle, time of blood draw, and fasting status. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adiponectin levels were inversely associated with endometrial cancer risk [body mass index-adjusted relative risk for the top vs. bottom quartile = 0.56 (95% confidence interval 0.36-0.86), P(trend) = 0.006]. There was evidence of a stronger inverse association among obese women than among nonobese women (P(heterogeneity) = 0.03). The inverse association also appeared stronger for women who were postmenopausal or perimenopausal than premenopausal at baseline, but this was not statistically significantly heterogeneous (P(heterogeneity) = 0.51). The association remained statistically significant after separate adjustment for other obesity-related physiological risk factors such as C-peptide, IGF binding protein-1, IGF binding protein-2, SHBG, estrone, or free testosterone but only marginally statistically significant after simultaneous adjustment for these factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High circulating adiponectin levels are associated with reduced endometrial cancer risk, largely independent of other obesity-related risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Hormones Unit, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France.
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authors.lastname: Palli
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authors.forename: Rosario
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authors.lastname: Sacerdote
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authors.forename: J Ramón
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authors.forename: María-José
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authors.lastname: Sánchez
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authors.lastname: Ardanaz
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authors.lastname: Bueno-de-Mesquita
authors.forename: Petra H M
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authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.forename: Carla H
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authors.lastname: van Gils
authors.forename: Kay-Tee
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authors.lastname: Khaw
authors.forename: Sheila
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authors.lastname: Bingham
authors.forename: Naomi
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authors.lastname: Allen
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mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood*; D017697:Premenopause / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin