title: Melanoma chemoprevention.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite efforts to promote sun protection behaviors, melanoma incidence continues to increase. The prognosis of advanced melanoma remains extremely poor in spite of treatment advances, emphasizing the importance of exploring additional preventive measures.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to summarize the results of published research on candidate chemoprevention agents for melanoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a narrative review of the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Investigation into a possible role in melanoma chemoprevention continues for multiple agents, including sunscreen, lipid-lowering medications, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, dietary nutrients, immunomodulators, and other drugs, including retinoids, difluoromethylornithine, and T4 endonuclease V.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Systematic review of the literature was not performed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because no agent yet emerges as a clear choice for effective melanoma chemoprevention, sun avoidance and sun protection remain the mainstay of melanoma prevention for persons at high risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
authors.forename: Shayla O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mahlberg
authors.forename: Kathryn R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ming
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Dellavalle
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018890:Chemoprevention; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008545:Melanoma / Q000517:prevention & control*; D044623:Nutrition Therapy; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014612:Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D014612:Vaccines