title: [The effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on hyperammonaemia and hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship among Helicobacter pylori (Hp)infection, blood ammonia concentrations, and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) status, and to investigate the effect of Hp eradication on blood ammonia levels and hepatic encephalopathy status in cirrhotic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  From July 2003 to Jan 2005, cirrhotic patients in 5 regions of Zhejiang Province were enrolled. Patients were evaluated for the demographic checklists, number connection test, Hp infection, liver impairment level, blood ammonia concentrations and hepatic encephalopathy status. Patients with Hp infection were given one week therapy with omeprazole plus clarithromycin and tinidazole. (14)C urea breath test was performed and the mental symptoms and blood ammonia levels were reassessed after the eradication therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) 457 cirrhotics were enrolled, the overall Hp infection rate was 60.6%, and HE happened with 47.5%. Subclinical hepatic encephalopathy (SHE) were detected 55 in 47.0% of 117 cirrhotics. (2) Blood ammonia concentration in Hp (-) and Hp (+) cirrhotics was (53.8 +/- 51.4) micromol/L and (78.4 +/- 63.6) micromol/L respectively (P < 0.01), which was significantly reduced to (53.5 +/- 37.7) micromol/L after Hp eradication (P < 0.01). HE was more frequently observed in patients with Hp infection than without it (58.5% vs 30.6%, P < 0.01). HE rate were significantly dropped to 34.1% after Hp eradication (P < 0.01). (3) Hp prevalence significantly differed among cirrhotic with HE (74.4%), those with SHE (69.1%), or without HE (53.2%) (P < 0.05). The level of blood ammonia had significant difference among the cirrhotics with HE (94.5 +/- 75.6) micromol/L, those with SHE (59.9 +/- 49.2) micromol/L, or without HE (47.3 +/- 33.5) micromol/L (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hp infection was an important factor of inducing with high blood ammonia concentration and hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients. Hp eradication may be helpful for treatment and prevention of HE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.
authors.forename: Liang-jing
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jian-ting
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Jian-min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Si
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006501:Hepatic Encephalopathy / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D022124:Hyperammonemia / Q000382:microbiology*; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000641:Ammonia