title: Metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder to the heart: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: A 79-year-old woman with no previous history of genitourinary disease presented to an outside urologist with gross hematuria and irritative voiding symptoms. Cystoscopy revealed a papillary bladder mass thought initially to represent urothelial carcinoma of the bladder with squamous features. The patient presented to our hospital 6 months later with dyspnea and edema. Computed tomography of the chest revealed a cardiac mass, and endomyocardial biopsy revealed metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. A review of the patient's pathology report confirmed the very rare diagnosis of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder to the heart.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, University of Tennessee Medical Center, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37920, USA.
authors.forename: Wesley M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: W Bedford
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Panella
authors.forename: Frederick A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000556:secondary*; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000556:secondary*; D006801:Humans; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*