title: High urinary isoflavone excretion phenotype decreases plasma cholesterol in golden Syrian hamsters fed soy protein.
abstract: Apparent absorption of isoflavones varies greatly among individuals but is relatively stable within an individual. We hypothesized that high urinary isoflavone excreters would show less plasma non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C) than low isoflavone excreters after soy protein feeding. Fifty Golden Syrian hamsters were fed a high-fat/casein diet (n = 10) or a high-fat/soy protein diet (n = 40) for 4 wk. We identified 2 distinct urinary isoflavone excretion phenotypes based upon HPLC analysis of urinary glycitein using a pairwise correlation plots analysis, or based upon total urinary isoflavone using a hierarchical cluster test. High isoflavone excreters showed greater urinary isoflavones (P < 0.05) than did low isoflavone excreters at wk 1 and 4. The low urinary glycitein excretion phenotype was more stable than the high urinary glycitein excretion phenotype by McNemar's test. High urinary isoflavone excreters had significantly less non-HDL-C than did the low isoflavone excreters or casein-fed controls (P < 0.05). Plasma total and non-HDL-C were negatively correlated with urinary daidzein, glycitein, and total isoflavone excretion (r = -0.45 to -0.58, P < 0.05). Urinary isoflavone excretion phenotypes predicted the cholesterol-lowering efficacy of soy protein. Isoflavone absorbability, probably due to gut microbial ecology, is an important controllable variable in studies of effects of soy protein on blood lipids.
authors.affiliation: Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1123, USA.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Renouf
authors.forename: Sun-Ok
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Cathy C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hauck
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hendrich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D006224:Cricetinae; D005260:Female; D019833:Genistein / Q000652:urine; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000652:urine*; D008647:Mesocricetus; D010641:Phenotype; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D007529:Isoflavones; D030262:Soybean Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides; C004742:daidzein; C086566:glycitein; D002784:Cholesterol; D019833:Genistein