title: Cardiac effects of growth hormone treatment in chronic heart failure: A meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Experimental studies suggest that GH treatment may improve cardiovascular parameters in chronic heart failure (CHF). However, clinical trials involved small numbers of patients and did not allow a conclusion to be drawn on the effect of this treatment in humans.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We systematically reviewed and analyzed all randomized controlled trials and open studies of sustained GH treatment in CHF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve trials were identified in three databases. We conducted a combined analysis of GH effects on cardiovascular parameters using the overall effect size to evaluate significance and computing the weighted mean differences with and without treatment to assess effect size.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GH treatment significantly modified morphological cardiovascular parameters [interventricular septum thickness, +0.55 (sd, 0.43) mm (P < 0.001); posterior wall thickness, +1.01 (0.44) mm (P < 0.01); left ventricle (LV) end-diastolic diameter, -2.02 (1.22) mm (P < 0.01); and LV end-systolic diameter, -5.30 (2.33) mm (P < 0.05)]; LV and systemic hemodynamics [LV end-systolic wall stress, -38.9 (13.3) dynes/cm(2) (P < 0.001); LV ejection fraction, +5.10 (1.74)% (P < 0.05); and systemic vascular resistance, +195.0 (204.5) dyn x sec(-1) x cm(-5) (P < 0.01)]; and functional parameters [New York Heart Association class, -0.97 (0.23) (P < 0.01); exercise duration, +103.7 (37.6) sec (P < 0.001); and maximal oxygen uptake, +2.48 (1.76) ml/kg x min (P < 0.01)]. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression showed significant relationships between the IGF-I response and GH treatment effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our meta-analysis suggests that GH treatment improves several relevant cardiovascular parameters in patients with CHF. However, these results must be confirmed by a large randomized placebo-controlled trial on hemodynamic, morphological, and functional parameters during long-term high-dose GH treatment of patients with CHF.
authors.affiliation: Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris XII, Faculté de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Henri Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Le Corvoisier
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hittinger
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chanson
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Montagne
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Macquin-Mavier
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maison
mesh_terms: D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis; D013318:Stroke Volume; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone