Update in pathophysiology and histopathology of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in an adult worldwide. The prevalence of FSGS is estimated as being 20-30% in adults over the age of 15 years and slightly higher (30-35%) in the elderly (age > 60 years). The diagnosis solely relies on pathologic findings, which sclerosis involves some, but not all glomeruli (focal), and sclerosis affects a portion, but not the entire, glomerular tuft (segmental). The pathogenesis remains inconclusive but podocyte injury has been postulated. Even though steroid is the mainstay treatment, only 20-40% of patients are complete respond.
Kanjanabuch
Talerngsak
T
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. golfnephro@hotmail.com
Lewsuwan
Songkiat
S
Kitiyakara
Chagriya
C
Cheunsuchon
Boonyarit
B
Eiam-Ong
Somchai
S
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D050199:Podocytes / Q000473:pathology