title: Level of asymmetric dimethylarginine and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the association between asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, with atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty-eight CKD patients were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of L-arginine, ADMA, and SDMA were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Common carotid arteries intimae-medial thickness (CCA-IMT), cross-sectional calculated intimae-medial thickness (cIM area) and atherosclerotic plaque were detected by noninvasive high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum levels of ADMA and SDMA were significantly increased in CKD patients (n=138) compared with age matched healthy subjects (n=42, P<0.01). ADMA and SDMA levels increased with the progression of renal dysfunction and were negatively related to creatinine clearance (Ccr) in pre-dialysis patients (r=-0.315, P<0.05; r=-0.426, P<0.01). Serum levels of ADMA and SDMA in dialysis patients (n=74) were significantly higher than those in pre-dialysis patients (P<0.05). Patients with carotid artery plaques showed significantly higher levels of ADMA compared with those without plaques. Serum levels of ADMA closely correlated with the mean IMT (r=0.471, P<0.01) and cIM area value (r=0.430, P<0.01). These correlations remained significant even after adjusting GFR, age, gender ,and other risk factors for atherosclerosis in the multiple regression analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum levels of ADMA increased with the progression of CKD and may play a role in the pathogenesis of accelerated atherosclerosis in CKD patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
authors.forename: Wei-ru
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fan-fan
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Jian-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Xiao-bing
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Li-jian
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Ben-mei
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hong-yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: C487735:dimethylarginine; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase