title: An evaluation of the effectiveness of the Opportunities for Resuscitation and Citizen Safety (ORCS) defibrillator training programme designed for older school children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of an automated external defibrillation (AED) training programme on the knowledge, attitudes and application of BLS and AED use in young people of secondary school age in Manchester, United Kingdom.
  
  
  METHODS
  Students from two schools who had piloted Opportunities for Resuscitation and Citizen Safety (ORCS) in the academic year 2004/2005 volunteered to partake in the study. This 'ORCS intervention' group was compared against a control group, which consisted of students who had no formal training in resuscitation nor, to our knowledge, any other form of life support training during their time at secondary school. All students were assessed and scored on their knowledge and performance of the BLS algorithm (in accordance with the UK Resuscitation Council ('Resuscitation Guidelines for the Citizen') and the use of a trainer defibrillator on a fictional cardiac arrest scenario.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We compared 34 ORCS-trained students with 25 control students, all aged between 13 and 16 years. Approximately, twice as many ORCS-trained students than the control students performed many parts of the algorithm correctly, such as checking for danger, checking for response, opening the airway and checking for breathing. More than three times as many ORCS-trained students than controls correctly performed CPR (50% versus 12% of students). As expected, the use of the AED was the part of the algorithm performed worst, but was performed correctly by six times as many ORCS students as controls (27% versus 4% of students).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that training through the ORCS scheme has a positive influence on the ability of secondary school teenagers to perform emergency life support (ELS), but particularly in their ability to deploy an AED and perform CPR.
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Research Group (EMERGE), Emergency Department, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Shamyla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Younas
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raynes
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mackway-Jones
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000465:Algorithms; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000193:education*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D047548:Defibrillators; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D015397:Program Evaluation; D013334:Students; D006113:United Kingdom