Bolus characteristics based on Magnetic Resonance Angiography.
BACKGROUND
A detailed contrast bolus propagation model is essential for optimizing bolus-chasing Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA). Bolus characteristics were studied using bolus-timing datasets from Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) for adaptive controller design and validation.


METHODS
MRA bolus-timing datasets of the aorta in thirty patients were analyzed by a program developed with MATLAB. Bolus characteristics, such as peak position, dispersion and bolus velocity, were studied. The bolus profile was fit to a convolution function, which would serve as a mathematical model of bolus propagation in future controller design.


RESULTS
The maximum speed of the bolus in the aorta ranged from 5-13 cm/s and the dwell time ranged from 7-13 seconds. Bolus characteristics were well described by the proposed propagation model, which included the exact functional relationships between the parameters and aortic location.


CONCLUSIONS
The convolution function describes bolus dynamics reasonably well and could be used to implement the adaptive controller design.
Cai
Zhijun
Z
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA. zhijun-cai@uiowa.edu
Stolpen
Alan
A
Sharafuddin
Melhem J
MJ
McCabe
Robert
R
Bai
Henri
H
Potts
Tom
T
Vannier
Michael
M
Li
Debiao
D
Bi
Xiaoming
X
Bennett
James
J
Golzarian
Jafar
J
Sun
Shiliang
S
Wang
Ge
G
Bai
Er-Wei
EW
D003198:Computer Simulation; D003287:Contrast Media; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D003287:Contrast Media