title: Toll-like receptor-9 expression induced by tape-stripping triggers on effective immune response with CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides.
abstract: Recently, there has been a lot of interest in the potential of non-invasive routes, such as via the skin, for vaccine delivery. CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) are an effective adjuvant for the induction of cellular and humoral immunities when administered with an antigen. We demonstrated here that tape-stripping induces the expression of toll-like receptor (TLR)-9 in the skin, and enhances the Th1-type immune response triggered by CpG-ODN administered through the tape-stripped skin. Tape-stripping induces expression of TLR-9 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in the skin, and CpG-ODN treatment through the tape-stripped skin enhances the migration of antigen presenting cells (APCs) to the draining lymph nodes. On the other hand, TLR-9 mRNA and TNF-alpha mRNA were not observed in the skin when CpG-ODN was injected intradermally in a volume of 10 microL, or in a Th1-type immune response. The transdermal application of CpG-ODN with an antigen through the tape-stripped skin is an effective way to induce a Th1-type immune response, and is also a simple, cost-effective and needle-free vaccination system.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Yukihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aramaki
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D010047:Ovalbumin