title: The ultrabithorax Hox gene of Drosophila controls haltere size by regulating the Dpp pathway.
abstract: The halteres and wings of Drosophila are homologous thoracic appendages, which share common positional information provided by signaling pathways. The activity in the haltere discs of the Ultrabithorax (Ubx) Hox gene establishes the differences between these structures, their different size being an obvious one. We show here that Ubx regulates the activity of the Decapentaplegic (Dpp) signaling pathway at different levels, and that this regulation is instrumental in establishing the size difference. Ubx downregulates dpp transcription and reduces Dpp diffusion by repressing the expression of master of thick veins and division abnormally delayed and by increasing the levels of thick veins, one of the Dpp receptors. Our results suggest that modulation in Dpp expression and spread accounts, in part, for the different size of halteres and wings.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (C.S.I.C.-U.A.M.) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: de Navas
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Garaulet
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Herrero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014921:Wings, Animal / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D011509:Proteoglycans; D014157:Transcription Factors; C066177:Ubx protein, Drosophila; C098128:dally protein, Drosophila; C064196:dpp protein, Drosophila; C412165:sbb protein, Drosophila