title: [Causative agents of neonatal nosocomial infections and their resistance to antibiotics].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to determine the most frequent microorganisms in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
  
  
  METHODS
  A 6-month prospective study was conducted in a NICU. All neonatal hospital infections were registered, and microorganisms were isolated by standard methods. Their susceptibility to antibiotics was tested using the disk diffusion method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and fifty-four neonatal nosocomial infections were detected. 87% of all infections were supported by a microbiological diagnosis, and 144 pathogens were isolated Gram-negative bacteria were dominant (80%). The most commonly isolated microorganisms were Acinetobacter spp. (47.9%), Pseudomonas spp, (23.6%), Klebsiella/Enterobacter spp. (8.3%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (8.3%) and Staphylococcus aureus (6.3%) were the most frequent reported gram-positive bacteria. All microorganisms showed resistance to most of commonly used antibiotics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Environmental control around neonatal patients and strict antibiotic policy are important in prevention of nosocomial transmission of resistant bacteria in the NICUs.
authors.affiliation: Institut za epidemiologiju, Medicinski fakultet, Beograd. denic@eunet.yu
authors.forename: Ljiljana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marković-Denić
authors.forename: Jasna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Durisić
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nikolić
authors.forename: Ruzdi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramadani
authors.forename: Slobodanka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ilić
authors.forename: Slobodanka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stevanović
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents