title: Peripherin as a marker for degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons after aminoglycoside ototoxicity.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Our data show that temporary appearance of atypical type 1 neurons, like type 3 neurons, might be another degenerating form of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs); peripherin might be a marker of degenerating neurons.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Further morphological and biochemical studies on surviving SGNs after loss of hair cells might offer clues for preventing their degeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  We observed the ultrastructural features of surviving SGNs and analyzed the peripherin immunoreactivity at 4, 10, or 20 weeks after systemic injection of neomycin in rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Type 3 neurons, similar to type 1 neurons but unmyelinated, appeared in the spiral ganglion by 4-week survival, and showed a survival advantage in remaining SGNs by longer surviving periods. We observed neurons packed with dense intermediate filament and with multiple layers of dense myelin sheath (atypical type 1 neurons) in the degenerating neurons. Atypical type 1 neurons were observed among the degenerating neurons in the 4- and 10-week survival groups, but disappeared in longer surviving animals. By means of immunohistochemistry, only smaller SGNs of normal rats were strongly stained by anti-peripherin antibody, whereas increased immunoreactivity was observed in both large and small remaining neurons after neomycin treatment, especially in 10- and 20-week survival animals.
authors.affiliation: Otology Skull Base Surgery Department, Hearing Research Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai.
authors.forename: Yucheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yunzhen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Zhengmin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Huawei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D007382:Intermediate Filaments / Q000473:pathology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis*; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D009355:Neomycin; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D064531:Peripherins; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013136:Spiral Ganglion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D064531:Peripherins; D009355:Neomycin