NY-ESO-1 immunotherapy for multiple myeloma.
Most patients with poor-prognosis myeloma (abnormal metaphase cytogenetics) achieve excellent responses with tandem transplants, but the remissions are not durable. Novel interventions such as immunotherapy may eradicate the residual chemotherapy-resistant disease. Immunotherapy targeting weak antigens such as myeloma idiotype or tumor lysate has failed to produce clinically meaningful responses. We previously reported that the NY-ESO-1 antigen is expressed in >60% of poor-prognosis myeloma at diagnosis. Since NY-ESO-1 is highly immunogenic and is not expressed in most normal tissues, it is an ideal target for anti-myeloma immunotherapy. NY-ESO-1 based therapies are already being tested in clinical trials for a multitude of tumors. This review discusses the potential of NY-ESO-1 immunotherapy to improve outcome for myeloma.
Szmania
Susann
S
Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
Tricot
Guido
G
van Rhee
Frits
F
D000818:Animals; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000737:chemistry; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D011379:Prognosis
D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; C104948:CTAG1B protein, human; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D008565:Membrane Proteins