title: Pentoxifylline affects cytokine reaction in cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiac surgery is associated with an inflammatory response that may cause myocardial dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass. We examined the efficacy of pentoxifylline to attenuate the cardiopulmonary bypass-induced inflammatory response during heart operations.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective, randomized study, 30 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery received either pentoxifylline (group P, n = 15) (continuous infusion of 1.5 mg/kg per hour during operation) or not (group C [control], n = 15). Blood samples for measurements of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were taken from the arterial line in both groups at 5 different time points.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 plasma levels increased in both groups after cardiopulmonary bypass, with a higher increase in the control group (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that pentoxifylline infusion during cardiac surgery inhibits the proinflammatory cytokine release caused by cardiopulmonary bypass.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Celal Bayar University School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey. iskesen@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ihsan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Iskesen
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Saribulbul
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cerrahoglu
authors.forename: Ece
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Onur
authors.forename: Bugra
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Destan
authors.forename: Bekir Hayrettin
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Sirin
mesh_terms: D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009220:Myositis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D010431:Pentoxifylline