title: Quadruple valve involvement in a patient with severe carcinoid heart disease.
abstract: We report on the case of a 48-year-old male patient suffering from a severe carcinoid heart disease with involvement of the four valves. The primary carcinoid tumor was diagnosed in the ileum. The patient developed a moderate stenosis and severe insufficiency of the tricuspid valve, a severe insufficiency of the pulmonary valve, and a moderate insufficiency of the mitral and aortic valves. Ultimately, a stentless pulmonary valve replacement was performed, as well as a tricuspid valve replacement with a pericardial prosthesis and aortic and mitral valve plasty. The patient recovered well and he was discharged from hospital on day 10.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, St Luc Hospital, Catholic University of Leuven, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. bruno.chiappini@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chiappini
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Noirhomme
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verhelst
authors.forename: Gebrine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: El Khoury
mesh_terms: D002275:Carcinoid Heart Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011664:Pulmonary Valve / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014261:Tricuspid Valve / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*