title: [Risk factor assessment of cardiocerebrovascular diseases in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of cardiocerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and analyzed the risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical data of 568 RA patients hospitalized 1995 - 2005, were analyzed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) The total prevalence of CCVD was 16.2% (92/568). The prevalence rate of coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, hypertensive heart disease together with coronary heart disease including 2 cases of heart failure, atherogenesis in large and medium-size arteries proved by color Doppler ultrasonic examination, and gangrene of extremities were 53.26% (49/92), 22.83% (21/92), 13.04% (12/92), 6.52% (6/92), and 4.34% (4/92) respectively. (2) Complication of CCVD in RA patients was associated with age, DAS28 disease activity score, number of involved extra-articular organs, platelet count, hyperfibrinogenemia, and C-reactive protein; and was not associated with sex, auto-antibody, hereditary factor, other traditional CCBVD risk factors, and the number of risk factors. (3) The occurrence of CCVD in RA patients was significantly correlated with poor therapeutic response, lack of persistent effective prevention of the traditional risk factors, use of cyclooxygenase (Cox)-2 specific inhibitors, and long-term medication of high-dosage glucocorticoid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Activity of the disease of RA, high inflammatory index, extra-articular involvement, poor response to treatment, lack of persistent effective prevention of the traditional risk factors, use of Cox-2 specific inhibitor, and long-term medication of high-dosage glucocorticoid are risk factors of CCVD-co-morbidities in RA pate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Hong-bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Qing-jun
authors.initials: QJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Feng-chun
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D005938:Glucocorticoids