title: Toxin jararhagin in low doses induces interstitial edema and increases the metabolic rate and red blood cells in mice.
abstract: Jararhagin is a metalloproteinase from Bothrops jararaca responsible for hemorrhage, inflammation, necrosis and edema. Effects of low doses of the toxin were analyzed on the energy metabolism of mice as well as its physiological implications. Measures of O(2) consumption (VO(2)) were quantified after 4 and 24h of the jararhagin administration during four weeks. Hematocrit and histology of the lungs were also analyzed after the end of the treatment. Results showed that animals that received subcutaneous doses of jararhagin had significant increase in VO(2) from second (120 ng) and third weeks (60 ng) after 4 and 24h, comparing to control, as well as in the number of erythrocytes after four weeks. Histology of the lungs showed interstitial edema within the alveolar septum. Results suggest that the jararhagin toxin caused an increase in VO(2) and edema of intra-alveolar septum. The increase of the erythrocytes could be a physiological response to adjust the higher necessity of oxygen, due to diffusional abnormalities caused by the edema. Thus, low doses of jararhagin promote endothelial edema which lead to changes in several physiological conditions.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. 24-A 1515, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. guilherme@lim24.fm.usp.br
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Francisco
authors.forename: Fernando J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Zara
authors.forename: Durvanei A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Maria
authors.forename: Ariovaldo P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Cruz-Neto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001481:Basal Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D045604:Extracellular Fluid / Q000187:drug effects; D006400:Hematocrit; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D000097146:Bothrops jararaca Venom
chemical_list: D003435:Crotalid Venoms; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; D010100:Oxygen; D000097146:Bothrops jararaca Venom