title: Recruitment of black women with type 2 diabetes into a self-management intervention trial.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of recruitment methods to enrollment status in Black women with type 2 diabetes screened for entry into a randomized clinical trial (RCT). Using a cross-sectional study design with convenience sampling procedures, data were collected on recruitment methods to which the women responded (N=236). Results demonstrated that the RCT had a moderate overall recruitment rate of 46% and achieved only 84% of its projected accrual goal (N=109). Chi-square analysis demonstrated that enrollment outcomes varied significantly according to recruitment methods (P=.05). Recruitment methods such as community health fairs (77.8%), private practice referrals (75.0%), participant referrals (61.5%), community clinic referrals (44.6%), community advertising and marketing (40.9%), and chart review (40.4%) demonstrated variable enrollment yields. Results confirm previous findings that indicate that Black Americans may be successfully recruited into research studies at moderate rates when traditional recruitment methods are enhanced and integrated with more culturally sensitive methods. Lessons learned are considered.
authors.affiliation: Yale University School of Nursing, 100 Church Street South, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. kelley.newlin@yale.edu
authors.forename: Kelley
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Newlin
authors.forename: Gail D'Eramo
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Melkus
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jefferson
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Langerman
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Womack
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chyun
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000329:Advertising; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003153:Community Health Services; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D003237:Connecticut / Q000453:epidemiology; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008389:Marketing of Health Services; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D018579:Patient Selection; D011331:Private Practice; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012107:Research Design; D012648:Self Care; D014505:Urban Population