title: [Habitual anterior shoulder instability caused by humeral avulsion of the inferior glenohumeral ligament].
abstract: Two patients, a 20-year-old male and a 33-year-old female, were referred to our orthopaedic outpatient clinic and presented with habitual anterior (sub)luxation of the shoulder as a result of humeral avulsion of the inferior glenohumeral ligament (HAGL lesion). Both patients underwent an open surgical procedure in which the ruptured ligament was restored and fixed to its anatomical point of insertion. Six months after the operation both patients had regained normal function in the glenohumeral joint without instability. The HAGL lesion is a relatively uncommon cause of anterior shoulder instability and requires surgical intervention. Recognition during physical examination, additional examination and arthroscopy are essential for a good outcome.
authors.affiliation: Medisch Centrum Haaglanden, Centrumvoor Beweging, afd Orthopedie en Traumatologie, Den Haag.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van der Zwaal
authors.forename: E R A
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: van Arkel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D008023:Ligaments, Articular / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D012421:Rupture; D012783:Shoulder Dislocation / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome