title: Thrombus aspiration before primary angioplasty improves myocardial reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction: the DEAR-MI (Dethrombosis to Enhance Acute Reperfusion in Myocardial Infarction) study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to test the hypothesis that thrombus removal, with a new manual thrombus-aspirating device, before primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) may improve myocardial reperfusion compared with standard PPCI in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  In STEMI patients, PPCI may cause thrombus dislodgment and impaired microcirculatory reperfusion. Controversial results have been reported with different systems of distal protection or thrombus removal.
  
  
  METHODS
  One-hundred forty-eight consecutive STEMI patients, admitted within 12 h of symptom onset and scheduled for PPCI, were randomly assigned to PPCI (group 1) or manual thrombus aspiration before standard PPCI (group 2). Patients with cardiogenic shock, previous infarction, or thrombolytic therapy were excluded. Primary end points were complete (>70%) ST-segment resolution (STR) and myocardial blush grade (MBG) 3.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics were similar in the 2 groups. Comparing groups 1 and 2: complete STR 50% versus 68% (p < 0.05); MBG-3 44% versus 88% (p < 0.0001); coronary Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade 3 78% versus 89% (p = NS); corrected TIMI frame count 21.5 +/- 12 versus 17.3 +/- 6 (p < 0.01); no reflow 15% versus 3% (p < 0.05); angiographic embolization 19% versus 5% (p < 0.05); direct stenting 24% versus 70% (p < 0.0001); and peak creatine kinase-mass band fraction 910 +/- 128 mug/l versus 790 +/- 132 mug/l (p < 0001). In-hospital clinical events were similar in the 2 groups. After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate analysis showed thrombus aspiration to be an independent predictor of complete STR and MBG-3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Manual thrombus aspiration before PPCI leads to better myocardial reperfusion and is associated with lower creatine kinase mass band fraction release, lower risk of distal embolization, and no reflow compared with standard PPCI. (Thrombus Aspiration Before Standard Primary Angioplasty Improves Myocardial Reperfusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00257153).
authors.affiliation: Interventional Cardiology, A. De Gasperis Department, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy. pedrosilva@tiscali.it
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Silva-Orrego
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bigi
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gregori
authors.forename: Anabella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salvade
authors.forename: Jacopo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oreglia
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Orrico
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Biase
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piccalò
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bossi
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Klugmann
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D002404:Catheterization; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013396:Suction / Q000295:instrumentation; D016896:Treatment Outcome