title: Has the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine had an impact on invasive pneumococcal disease in Western Australia?
abstract: Enhanced surveillance for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) has been ongoing in Western Australia since 1996. We describe the epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease in children aged <2 years between 1996 and 2005. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has been offered to Aboriginal children and other high-risk children since July 2001 and to all Australian children since January 2005. A total of 1655 IPD cases were reported of whom 361 (55 Aboriginal) were aged <2 years. From 1996-2001 to 2002-2005, IPD incidence declined from 192 to 124/100,000/annum in Aboriginal children and from 70 to 56/100,000/annum in non-Aboriginal children. Incidence of IPD due to vaccine serotypes (VT) declined from 118 to 43/100,000/annum (p=0.05) in Aboriginal children and from 59 to 45/100,000/annum in non-Aboriginal children (p<0.001), with no increased incidence of disease due to non-vaccine serotypes. Continued surveillance is essential to measure the impact of the childhood pneumococcal conjugate vaccination program on IPD incidence and to identify the emergence of disease due to non-vaccine serotypes.
authors.affiliation: Communicable Disease Control Directorate, Department of Health, P.O. Box 8172, Perth Business Centre, WA 6849, Australia. carolien.giele@health.wa.gov.au
authors.forename: Carolien
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giele
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bayley
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Kylie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rooney
authors.forename: Anthony D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Keil
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lehmann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D022401:Meningococcal Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014904:Western Australia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D022401:Meningococcal Vaccines; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines