title: Predictors of depression 12 months after cardiac hospitalization: the Identifying Depression as a Comorbid Condition study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine characteristics which predict depression at 12 months after cardiac hospitalization, and track the natural history of depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Depressive symptoms were monitored at baseline, 3 and 12 months in a cohort of 785 patients, using the self-report Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Multinomial regression analyses of baseline clinical and demographic variables identified characteristics associated with depression at 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three baseline variables predicted moderate to severe depression at 12 months: depression during index admission, past history of emotional health problems and current smoking. For those who were depressed during cardiac hospitalization, 51% remained depressed at both 3 and 12 months. Persistence was more evident in patients who had moderate to severe depressive symptoms when hospitalized. Mild depression was as likely to persist as to remit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three clinically accessible characteristics at the time of cardiac hospitalization can assist in predicting depression at 12 months and may aid treatment decisions. Depressive symptoms persist in a substantial proportion of cardiac patients up to 12 months after hospitalization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia. geoffrey.schrader@adelaide.edu.au
authors.forename: Geoff
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schrader
authors.forename: Frida
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cheok
authors.forename: Ann-Louise
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hordacre
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D013021:South Australia; D013223:Statistics as Topic