title: Hemostatic defect in baboons autotransfused treated plasma to simulate shed blood.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nonwashed shed blood may contain products of clotting and fibrinolytic, and antifibrinolytic substances. This study was done to determine how autotransfusion of nontreated plasma and plasma treated with urokinase with and without aprotinin affected hemostasis in healthy baboons.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 500-mL volume of blood was collected from the baboon, a 250-mL volume of plasma was isolated, and the RBCs were reinfused. Three baboons were autotransfused untreated plasma. Four baboons received plasma that had been treated with 3000 IU/mL urokinase at +37 degrees C for 30 minutes. Eight baboons received plasma that had been treated first with urokinase 3000 IU/mL at +37 degrees C for 30 minutes and then with aprotinin (1000 KIU/mL). Bleeding time, fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), D-dimer, and alpha-2 antiplasmin levels were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 4-hour period following autotransfusion of the urokinase-aprotinin-treated plasma, the levels of D-dimer and FDP were significantly higher and fibrinogen and alpha-2 antiplasmin levels were significantly lower than those levels seen after the autotransfusion of nontreated plasma. FDP and D-dimer levels showed significant positive correlations with prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). A significant negative correlation was observed between thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen level. A significant positive correlation was observed between bleeding time and D-dimer level and a significant negative correlation between the bleeding time and the fibrinogen level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The infusion of a volume of urokinase or urokinase-aprotinin treated autologous plasma equivalent to 15% of the blood volume was not associated with a bleeding diathesis in healthy baboons.
authors.affiliation: Naval Blood Research Laboratory, 195 Bournehurst Drive, Plymouth, MA 02360, USA. navblood@nbrl.org
authors.forename: C Robert
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Valeri
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Morse
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ragno
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Dennis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007611:Aprotinin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000187:drug effects*; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D010215:Papio; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D017713:Platelet Transfusion; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; D005340:Fibrinogen; D007611:Aprotinin; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator