title: Topical treatments for melasma and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
abstract: Hyperpigmentation disorders of the skin are common and can be the source of significant psychosocial distress for patients. The most common of these disorders are melasma and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. Sunscreen use and minimizing sun exposure are crucial in all cases. Topical applications are the mainstay of treatment and include phenols, retinoids, corticosteroids, and their combinations.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Lynde
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lynde
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017495:Hyperpigmentation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008548:Melanosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012176:Retinoids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D006873:Hydroquinones; D012176:Retinoids; C031927:hydroquinone