title: Modeling CTLA4-linked autoimmunity with RNA interference in mice.
abstract: The CTLA4 gene is important for T lymphocyte-mediated immunoregulation and has been associated with several autoimmune diseases, in particular, type 1 diabetes. To model the impact of natural genetic variants of CTLA4, we constructed RNA interference (RNAi) "knockdown" mice through lentiviral transgenesis. Variegation of expression was observed in founders but proved surmountable because it reflected parental imprinting, with derepression by transmission from male lentigenics. Unlike the indiscriminate multiorgan autoimmune phenotype of the corresponding knockout mice, Ctla4 knockdown animals had a disease primarily focused on the pancreas, with rapid progression to diabetes. As with the human disease, the knockdown phenotype was tempered by genetic-modifier loci. RNAi should be more pertinent than gene ablation in modeling disease pathogenesis linked to a gene-dosage variation.
authors.affiliation: Section on Immunology and Immunogenetics, Joslin Diabetes Center, and Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Zhibin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stockton
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mathis
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benoist
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000276:immunology*; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D006649:Histocompatibility Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018448:Models, Immunological; D034622:RNA Interference; D019076:Transgenes / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; C556707:Ctla4 protein, mouse; D006649:Histocompatibility Antigens