title: Resistance of infant leukemia with MLL rearrangement to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand: a possible mechanism for poor sensitivity to antitumor immunity.
abstract: Malignant cells generally acquire some immune escape mechanisms for clonal expansion. Immune escape mechanisms also contribute to the failure of graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). Infant leukemias with mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) rearrangement have a remarkably short latency, and GVL effect after allo-SCT has not been clearly evidenced in these leukemias. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)- and FasL-mediated cytotoxic pathways play important roles in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte- and natural killer cell-mediated antitumor immunity and optimal GVL activity. We investigated the in vitro sensitivity of MLL-rearranged acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) cells to TRAIL- and FasL-mediated cytotoxicity. Most of cell lines and primary leukemia cells were highly resistant to TRAIL primarily owing to low cell-surface expression of death receptors in ALL and simultaneous expression of decoy receptors in AML. Nearly half of cell lines and majority of primary leukemia cells showed low sensitivity to FasL. These results suggest that resistance to death-inducing ligands, particularly to TRAIL, could be one of the mechanisms for a rapid clonal expansion and a poor sensitivity to the GVL effect in infant leukemias with MLL rearrangement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan. tinukai@yamanashi.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inukai
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uno
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akahane
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nemoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honna
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kagami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yagita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyama-Okazaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugita
mesh_terms: D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D015321:Gene Rearrangement; D020544:Graft vs Leukemia Effect; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D051788:Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000032:analysis; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019139:Tumor Escape
chemical_list: C497422:KMT2A protein, human; D016328:NF-kappa B; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D051788:Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase