Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in membrane-filtered municipal wastewater used for irrigation.
A wastewater tertiary treatment system based on membrane ultrafiltration and fed with secondary-treated municipal wastewater was evaluated for its Giardia cyst and Cryptosporidium oocyst removal efficiency. Giardia duodenalis (assemblages A and B) and Cryptosporidium parvum were identified in feed water but were found in filtered water only during occasional failure of the filtration system.
Lonigro
A
A
Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
Pollice
A
A
Spinelli
R
R
Berrilli
F
F
Di Cave
D
D
D'Orazi
C
C
Cavallo
P
P
Brandonisio
O
O
D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D002947:Cities; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000469:parasitology*; D005872:Giardia / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008851:Micropore Filters; D033661:Oocysts / Q000254:growth & development; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
D008567:Membranes, Artificial