title: Inflammatory cytokines correlated with clinical outcome of temporomandibular joint irrigation in patients with chronic closed lock.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the correlation of clinical outcomes of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) irrigation with the occurrence and concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, and IL-10 in the washed-out synovial fluid (SF) in patients with chronic closed lock (CCL) of the TMJ.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six patients underwent a visually guided TMJ irrigation (VGIR). SF samples were collected immediately before VGIR. The patients were divided into either successful (s-group; n = 25) or unsuccessful groups (u-group; n = 11). The detection rates and concentrations of each cytokine per milligram of total protein in the SF were measured, and then compared between the s- and u-groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All of the investigated cytokines were detectable with various rates, concentrations, and combination patterns. The detection rate and concentrations of IL-6 were significantly higher in the u-group, and those of IL-10 were significantly higher in the s-group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The investigated cytokines were suggested to be involved in the pathophysiology of TMJ CCL. The results also suggest that IL-6 in the SF is an indicator of an unsuccessful outcome, and that IL-10 is a significant predictor of a successful outcome of TMJ irrigation for CCL.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan. hamada-y@tsurumi-u.ac.jp <hamada-y@tsurumi-u.ac.jp>
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Toshirou
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondoh
authors.forename: Anders B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Holmlund
authors.forename: Matsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Ko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Kanichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seto
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sekiya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12