title: Baroreflex sensitivity improvement is associated with decreased oxidative stress in trained spontaneously hypertensive rat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) impairment has been associated with endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress.
  
  
  METHODS
  Because exercise training could improve endothelial function in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), the effect of moderate exercise training on oxidative stress and BRS was investigated. Groups were divided into sedentary and trained Wistar-Kyoto rats (S-WK, n = 7 and T-WK, n = 6) and SHR (S-SHR and T-SHR, n = 9 each). Exercise training was performed on a treadmill (5 days/week, 60 min, 10 weeks), and the lactate threshold (20 m/min) was used to determine moderate intensity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exercise training reduced mean arterial pressure in WK and SHR (S-WK 127 +/- 4, T-WK 105 +/- 5, S-SHR 169 +/- 4 versus T-SHR 140 +/- 4 mmHg; P < 0.01). Baroreflex bradycardic (S-WK -1.89 +/- 0.15, T-WK -2.11 +/- 0.37, S-SHR -0.80 +/- 0.09 versus T-SHR -1.29 +/- 0.10 bpm/mmHg; P < 0.0001) and tachycardic (S-WK 2.57 +/- 0.19, T-WK 2.73 +/- 0.21, S-SHR 1.18 +/- 0.07 versus T-SHR 2.02 +/- 0.10 bpm/mmHg; P < 0.0001) responses were significantly different between groups. Lipoperoxidation in erythrocytes (S-WK 11 320 +/- 739, T-WK 10 397 +/- 765, S-SHR 20 511 +/- 1627 versus T-SHR 10 211 +/- 589 counts per second (cps)/mg haemoglobin; P < 0.0001) and aortas (S-WK 12 424 +/- 2219, T-WK 7917 +/- 726, S-SHR 26 957 +/- 1772 versus T-SHR 17 777 +/- 1923 cps/mg protein; P < 0.0001) was reduced in T-SHR compared with S-SHR. Inverse correlations were observed between both bradycardic and tachycardic responses and lipoperoxidation in erythrocytes (r = 0.56 and r = -0.77, respectively; P < 0.01) and aortas (r = 0.77 and r = -0.80, respectively; P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that exercise training decreases oxidative stress, which is related to an improvement in BRS in SHR.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Basic and Health Science Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariane
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertagnolli
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: Paulo Cavalheiro
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Schenkel
authors.forename: Vera Lúcia Longo
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Kátia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: De Angelis
authors.forename: Adriane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Belló-Klein
authors.forename: Katya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rigatto
authors.forename: Maria Cláudia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Irigoyen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017704:Baroreflex / Q000502:physiology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY