title: Cervical resistance training: effects on isometric and dynamic strength.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neck injuries signify a physical fitness and human system problem with high operational significance. The prevalence of injuries in tactical aviators has been reported to be as high as 84%, although few report engaging in neck-specific strengthening exercises. It is generally believed that neck strengthening may result in fewer neck injuries. This study was designed to investigate the effects of 12 wk of cervical strength training (3 d x wk(-1)) on isometric strength, dynamic strength, and hypertrophy in a sample of military men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were tested for each of the above-mentioned variables before and after the training program as well as at 4-wk intervals, and results were compared with a control group that performed no cervical resistance training.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results indicated significant improvements in isometric strength and dynamic strength, typically occurring as early as 4 wk and improving throughout the 12-wk period. Modest increases in neck circumference were also noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings have implications for military personnel at risk of neck injury in their occupational activities.
authors.affiliation: Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA. taylorm@nhrc.navy.mil
authors.forename: Marcus K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hodgdon
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Griswold
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Donald E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Rafael F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Escamilla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel; D053580:Muscle Strength; D009333:Neck / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D019838:Neck Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors