title: Paramedic student performance: comparison of online with on-campus lecture delivery methods.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Colleges and universities are experiencing increasing demand for online courses in many healthcare disciplines, including emergency medical services (EMS). Development and implementation of online paramedic courses with the quality of education experienced in the traditional classroom setting is essential in order to maintain the integrity of the educational process. Currently, there is conflicting evidence of whether a significant difference exists in student performance between online and traditional nursing and allied health courses. However, there are no published investigations of the effectiveness of online learning by paramedic students.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Performance of paramedic students enrolled in an online, undergraduate, research methods course is equivalent to the performance of students enrolled in the same course provided in a traditional, classroom environment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic performance, learning styles, and course satisfaction surveys were compared between two groups of students. The course content was identical for both courses and taught by the same instructor during the same semester. The primary difference between the traditional course and the online course was the method of lecture delivery. Lectures for the on-campus students were provided live in a traditional classroom setting using PowerPoint slides. Lectures for the online students were provided using the same PowerPoint slides with prerecorded streaming audio and video.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A convenience sample of 23 online and 10 traditional students participated in this study. With the exception of two learning domains, the two groups of students exhibited similar learning styles as assessed using the Grasha-Riechmann Student Learning Style Scales instrument. The online students scored significantly lower in the competitive and dependent dimensions than did the on-campus students. Academic performance was similar between the two groups. The online students devoted slightly more time to the course than did the campus students, although this difference did not reach statistical significance. In general, the online students believed the online audio lectures were more effective than the traditional live lectures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Distance learning technology appears to be an effective mechanism for extending didactic paramedic education off-campus, and may be beneficial particularly to areas that lack paramedic training programs or adequate numbers of qualified instructors.
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medical Care Program, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA. mhubble@email.wcu.edu
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Hubble
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Richards
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003625:Data Collection; D020375:Education, Distance; D004634:Emergency Medical Technicians / Q000193:education*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D011361:Professional Competence / Q000592:standards*; D014481:United States; D014495:Universities