title: Activity-based protein profiling reagents for protein arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4): synthesis and in vitro evaluation of a fluorescently labeled probe.
abstract: Protein arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), which catalyzes the post-translational conversion of peptidyl arginine to peptidyl citrulline, is widely regarded as one of the best new targets for the development of a novel rheumatoid arthritis therapeutic. In addition to its presumed role in this disease, PAD4 is also a calcium-dependent histone deiminase that acts as a transcriptional co-repressor. Herein we describe the design, synthesis, and in vitro evaluation of two fluorescently labeled activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) reagents that specifically and irreversibly modify the active, that is, calcium-bound, form PAD4 with equal affinity to previously described small molecule chemical probes of PAD4 function. These fluorescently tagged ABPPs will be useful for identifying the conditions under which this enzyme is activated in vivo and may prove to be useful RA diagnostics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Knuckley
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bhatia
authors.forename: Perry J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Pellechia
authors.forename: Paul R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D000080002:Protein-Arginine Deiminase Type 4; D000076342:Protein-Arginine Deiminases
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006867:Hydrolases; D000080002:Protein-Arginine Deiminase Type 4; D000076342:Protein-Arginine Deiminases