title: Heat stress elicits different responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Brown Swiss and Holstein cows.
abstract: This study was undertaken to assess whether peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from Brown Swiss (Br) and Holstein (Ho) cows and stimulated with concanavalin A differ in response to chronic exposure to incubation temperatures simulating conditions of hyperthermia. Five multiparous Br and 5 Ho cows were utilized as blood donors. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were subjected for 65 h to each of 5 treatments (T). Cells were exposed to 39 degrees C continuously (T39) and three 13-h cycles at 40 (T40), 41 (T41), 42 (T42) or 43 degrees C (T43), respectively, which were interspersed with two 13-h cycles at 39 degrees C. Treatment T39 was adopted to mimic normothermia; T40, T41, T42, and T43 mimicked conditions of more severe hyperthermia alternating with normothermia. Measures evaluated at the end of the incubation period were proliferative response (DNA synthesis), intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations, and mRNA abundance of the 72-kDa heat-shock protein (Hsp72). In Br cows, DNA synthesis began to decline when PBMC were repeatedly exposed to 41 degrees C (-22%), whereas DNA synthesis in cells isolated from Ho cows did not begin to decline until 42 degrees C (-40%). Furthermore, under T41 and T42, DNA synthesis from Br cows was lower than in Ho(-24 and -54%, respectively). In both breeds, increased incubation temperatures caused a reduction of intracellular ROS (from -39.6 and -69.7%). Increase in incubation temperatures enhanced Hsp72 mRNA levels only in PBMC isolated from Br cows. The Hsp72 mRNA in Br cows increased significantly under T41 and T43 compared with T39. In both breeds, DNA synthesis was positively and negatively correlated with intracellular ROS and Hsp72 mRNA abundance, respectively (r = 0.85 and r = -0.70, respectively). Results indicated that PBMC from Br cows are less tolerant to chronic heat exposure than those from Ho cows, and that the lower tolerance is associated with higher expression of Hsp72, suggesting that the same level of hyperthermia may be associated with a differential decline of immune function in the 2 breeds.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Produzioni Animali, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy. nicgio@unitus.it
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lacetera
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bernabucci
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scalia
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Basiricò
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morera
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nardone
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D002417:Cattle / Q000097:blood* / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology*; D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000502:physiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D003208:Concanavalin A; D004247:DNA