title: Lysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by a specific secreted human phospholipase A2.
abstract: Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) proteins affect cellular activation, signal transduction, and possibly innate immunity. A specific secretory PLA2, sPLA2-X, is shown here to neutralize human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) through degradation of the viral membrane. Catalytic function was required for antiviral activity, and the target cells of infection were unaffected. sPLA2-X potently reduced gene transfer of HIV-1 Env-pseudotyped lentivirus vectors and inhibited the replication of both CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 in human CD4+ T cells. Virions resistant to damage by antibody and complement were sensitive to lysis by sPLA2-X, suggesting a novel mechanism of antiviral surveillance independent of the acquired immune system.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Room 4502, Bldg. 40, MSC-3005, 40 Convent Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, USA.
authors.forename: Jae-Ouk
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Bimal K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Chakrabarti
authors.forename: Anuradha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guha-Niyogi
authors.forename: Mark K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Louder
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Mascola
authors.forename: Lakshmanan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ganesh
authors.forename: Gary J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Nabel
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D002460:Cell Line; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000378:metabolism*; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism; D014771:Virion / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2