title: Minimum alveolar concentration of desflurane in llamas and alpacas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of desflurane in llamas and alpacas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study. Animals Six healthy adult llamas and six healthy adult alpacas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anesthesia was induced with desflurane delivered with oxygen through a mask. An endotracheal tube was inserted, and a port for continuous measurement of end-tidal and inspired desflurane concentrations was placed between the endotracheal tube and the breathing circuit. After equilibration at an end-tidal-to-inspired desflurane concentration ratio >0.90 for 15 minutes, a 50-Hz, 80-mA electrical stimulus was applied to the antebrachium until a response was obtained (i.e. gross purposeful movement) or for up to 1 minute. The vaporizer setting was increased or decreased to effect a 10-20% change in end-tidal desflurane concentration, and equilibration and stimulus were repeated. The MAC was defined as the average of the lowest end-tidal desflurane concentration that prevented a positive response and the highest concentration that allowed a positive response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean +/- SD MAC of desflurane was 7.99 +/- 0.58% in llamas and 7.83 +/- 0.51% in alpacas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MAC of desflurane in llamas and alpacas was in the range of that reported for other species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA. tamara.grubb@pfizer.com
authors.forename: Tamara L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Grubb
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Schlipf
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Riebold
authors.forename: Christopher K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Cebra
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Poland
authors.forename: Xenia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zawadzkas
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mailhot
mesh_terms: D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation / Q000662:veterinary*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D002161:Camelids, New World / Q000502:physiology*; D000077335:Desflurane; D005260:Female; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000378:metabolism*; D012119:Respiration
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D000077335:Desflurane; D007530:Isoflurane