title: The bHLH transcription factor Hand is regulated by Alk in the Drosophila embryonic gut.
abstract: During embryonic development the midgut visceral muscle is formed by fusion of cells within the visceral mesoderm, a process initiated by the specification of a specialised cell type, the founder cell, within this tissue. Activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (Alk) in the developing visceral muscle of Drosophila melanogaster initiates a signal transduction pathway required for muscle fusion. In this paper, we have investigated downstream components which are regulated by this novel signalling pathway. Here we show that Alk-mediated signal transduction drives the expression of the bHLH transcription factor Hand in vivo. Loss of Alk function results in a complete lack of Hand expression in this tissue, whereas Alk gain of function results in an expansion of Hand expression. Finally, we have investigated the process of muscle fusion in the gut of Hand mutant animals and can find no obvious defects in this process, suggesting that Hand is not critical for visceral muscle fusion per se.
authors.affiliation: Umeå Center for Molecular Pathogenesis, Building 6L, Umeå University, Umeå S-901 87, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gaurav K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Varshney
authors.forename: Ruth H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Palmer
mesh_terms: D000077548:Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase; D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology*; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000196:embryology*; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000737:chemistry / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000077548:Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D014157:Transcription Factors; C475488:Hand protein, Drosophila