title: Interruptions to breastfeeding dyads on postpartum day 1 in a university hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe interruptions (door openings and telephone calls) to breastfeeding dyads on postpartum day 1.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive design of continuous observations of persons entering the mother's room plus record of phone calls from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. on postpartum day 1.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single bedded postpartum rooms in a tertiary level university hospital in northern Midwest United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine healthy mother-infant dyads of singleton birth who intended to breastfeed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Frequency and duration of interruptions, number of episodes and duration of time alone, frequency and duration of breastfeeding sessions, and maternal perceptions of the day's activities and time with her newborn.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recorded interruptions totaled 1,555, yielding a mean of 54 interruptions each averaging 17 minutes in length. Half of the 24 episodes of time alone per dyad were less than or equal to 9 minutes; most commonly only 1 minute long. All mothers breastfed 2 to 10 times with an average duration of 20 minutes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many interruptions occurred and were perceived to negatively influence breastfeeding.
authors.affiliation: Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4904, USA. barb.morrison@case.edu
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ludington-Hoe
authors.forename: Gene Cranston
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D015146:Midwestern United States; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009622:Noise; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D010362:Patients' Rooms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000523:psychology; D018907:Privacy; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D012934:Social Isolation / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013689:Telephone; D013996:Time and Motion Studies; D014789:Visitors to Patients / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data