title: Energy metabolism and survival of liver grafts from non-heart-beating donor rats with warm ischemia injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The shortage of donor livers is a critical limiting factor for the use of liver transplantation in treatment of end-stage liver diseases. Organs from non-heart-beating donors seem to be an effective option to alleviate this problem. Warm ischemia injury, however, directly influences the grafts' activity and functional recovery after operation. We investigated the energy metabolism and post-transplant survival of liver grafts after different warm ischemia times (WITs) in rats and determined the maximum limit for liver grafts with warm ischemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were randomized into 7 groups with WITs of 0 (control), 10, 15, 20, 30, 45 or 60 minutes. The indices of energy metabolism were measured by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatograpy and all liver graft specimens were subjected to ultrastructural observation. After orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), the recovery of energy metabolism in liver grafts after 24 and 48 hours and the survival of the rats were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and energy charge (EC) decreased gradually after different WITs in a time-dependent manner, and this was especially significant within 30 minutes. The levels of ATP and EC in liver grafts with 30 minutes of warm ischemia largely recovered 24 hours after OLT, with 45 minutes of warm ischemia partially recovered 48 hours after OLT, and with 60 minutes of warm ischemia, hardly recovered even 48 hours after OLT. The survival time after OLT did not significantly change with up to 30 minutes of WIT, while long-term survival was reduced with 45 and 60 minutes of WIT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The levels of ATP and EC after OLT may be important criteria for evaluating the quality of a liver graft. The WIT of a liver graft is closely related to the recovery of hepatic energy metabolism and the graft survival.
authors.affiliation: Organ Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China. anhuimayi2002@sohu.com
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Lin-Wei
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jin-Liang
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ying-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Zhen-Yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Rui-De
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xiao-Shun
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors; D019737:Transplants / Q000592:standards*; D052096:Warm Ischemia