title: Potent anticancer activities of novel aminophenol analogues against various cancer cell lines.
abstract: Novel aminophenol analogues were synthesized based on the structure of fenretinide (N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide, 5), which is a potent anticancer agent. Our findings showed that the anticancer activities of 5 were due to the side chain attached to the aminophenol moiety. A p-octylaminophenol (p-OAP) provided the most potent anticancer activity among p-alkylaminophenols examined. In this study, we investigated anticancer activities against various cancer cell lines by the new aminophenols, p-dodecylaminophenol (1), p-decylaminophenol (2), N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)dodecananamide (3), and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)decananamide (4), which exhibits a side chain as long as 5. Cell growth of breast cancer (MCF-7, MCF-7/Adr(R)), prostate cancer (DU-145), and leukemia (HL60) cells was suppressed by 1 and 2 in a fashion dependent on the length of the alkyl chain attached to the aminophenol. In contrast, 3 and 4 were extremely weak. Compound 5 was less potent than 1. Cell growth of liver cancer (HepG2) was not markedly affected by these compounds. In addition, apoptosis of HL60 cells was induced by 1 and 2 in a chain length-dependent manner, but not by 3 and 4. Incorporation of compounds into HL60 cells was in the order 1>2=3>4. These results indicated that anticancer activities for 1 and 2 are correlated with their incorporation into cancer cells and their capability to induce apoptosis, but not for 3 and 4. Compound 1, a potent anticancer agent with potency strikingly greater than 5, may potentially be useful in clinic.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohba
authors.forename: Takayasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamauch
authors.forename: Kimio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higashiyama
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000627:Aminophenols / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005260:Female; D017313:Fenretinide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000627:Aminophenols; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017313:Fenretinide