title: Influence of gender and HIV transmission group on initial highly active antiretroviral therapy prescription and treatment response.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The literature contains conflicting findings on the influence of gender and HIV transmission group on the initial prescription of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and its biological and clinical efficacy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cohort study involving 62 French hospitals. We used Cox proportional hazards models to examine whether gender and HIV transmission group influenced the timing of elective HAART initiation, and the clinical and biological response to treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 5735 patients enrolled between January 1997 and December 2001 who did not start HAART or develop a stage C HIV-related event during the first 3 months after inclusion. In multivariate analysis, no gender differences were found in the interval between enrollment in the database and HAART initiation, but this interval was shorter in homosexual patients than in other transmission groups; CD4 cell counts at treatment initiation were also higher in the homosexual group. The immunovirological response to treatment did not differ according to gender, but was better in homosexual patients than in patients in other categories. Injecting drug users had the weakest immunovirological responses. Clinical outcome was not related to gender or to HIV transmission group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The interval between diagnosis of HIV-1 infection and elective HAART initiation was not influenced by gender. However, homosexual patients had higher CD4 cell counts than other patients at treatment initiation, and also had better immunovirological responses.
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR S720, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 56 Boulevard Vincent Auriol, 75625 Paris Cedex 13, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fardet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mary-Krause
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Heard
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Partisani
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Costagliola
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000635:transmission; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors