title: PGE(1) stimulation of HEK293 cells generates multiple contiguous domains with different [cAMP]: role of compartmentalized phosphodiesterases.
abstract: There is a growing appreciation that the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway is organized to form transduction units that function to deliver specific messages. Such organization results in the local activation of PKA subsets through the generation of confined intracellular gradients of cAMP, but the mechanisms responsible for limiting the diffusion of cAMP largely remain to be clarified. In this study, by performing real-time imaging of cAMP, we show that prostaglandin 1 stimulation generates multiple contiguous, intracellular domains with different cAMP concentration in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. By using pharmacological and genetic manipulation of phosphodiesterases (PDEs), we demonstrate that compartmentalized PDE4B and PDE4D are responsible for selectively modulating the concentration of cAMP in individual subcellular compartments. We propose a model whereby compartmentalized PDEs, rather than representing an enzymatic barrier to cAMP diffusion, act as a sink to drain the second messenger from discrete locations, resulting in multiple and simultaneous domains with different cAMP concentrations irrespective of their distance from the site of cAMP synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terrin
authors.forename: Giulietta
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Benedetto
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pertegato
authors.forename: York-Fong
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baillie
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Elvassore
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prinz
authors.forename: Friedrich W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Herberg
authors.forename: Miles D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Houslay
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaccolo
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000527:Alprostadil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D003600:Cytosol / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004058:Diffusion; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals / Q000235:genetics; D034622:RNA Interference; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; C517360:PDE4B protein, human; C517376:PDE4D protein, human; D000527:Alprostadil