title: Reliable determination of oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios in atmospheric water vapour adsorbed on 3A molecular sieve.
abstract: The isotope ratio of atmospheric water vapour is determined by wide-ranging feedback effects from the isotope ratio of water in biological water pools, soil surface horizons, open water bodies and precipitation. Accurate determination of atmospheric water vapour isotope ratios is important for a broad range of research areas from leaf-scale to global-scale isotope studies. In spite of the importance of stable isotopic measurements of atmospheric water vapour, there is a paucity of published data available, largely because of the requirement for liquid nitrogen or dry ice for quantitative trapping of water vapour. We report results from a non-cryogenic method for quantitatively trapping atmospheric water vapour using 3A molecular sieve, although water is removed from the column using standard cryogenic methods. The molecular sieve column was conditioned with water of a known isotope ratio to 'set' the background signature of the molecular sieve. Two separate prototypes were developed, one for large collection volumes (3 mL) and one for small collection volumes (90 microL). Atmospheric water vapour was adsorbed to the column by pulling air through the column for several days to reach the desired final volume. Water was recovered from the column by baking at 250 degrees C in a dry helium or nitrogen air stream and cryogenically trapped. For the large-volume apparatus, the recovered water differed from water that was simultaneously trapped by liquid nitrogen (the experimental control) by 2.6 per thousand with a standard deviation (SD) of 1.5 per thousand for delta(2)H and by 0.3 per thousand with a SD of 0.2 per thousand for delta(18)O. Water-vapour recovery was not satisfactory for the small volume apparatus.
authors.affiliation: Isotope Hydrology Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Liang-Feng
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gröning
authors.forename: Pradeep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.forename: Brent R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Helliker
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000032:analysis*; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005740:Gases / Q000737:chemistry; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D014867:Water; D006859:Hydrogen