title: Characterization and phospholipase D mediation of the angiotensin II priming response in adrenal glomerulosa cells.
abstract: Bovine adrenal glomerulosa cells are primed by an initial treatment with angiotensin II (AngII) to respond with enhanced secretion to a second exposure to AngII or agents that increase calcium influx. We hypothesized that the mechanism of priming involves a persistent increase in diacylglycerol (DAG) generated via sustained activity of phospholipase D (PLD). In this report, we sought to define the time frame of this priming response as well as determine its mechanism using assays of aldosterone secretion, PLD activation, and radiolabeled diacylglycerol levels. We found that in primary cultures priming was observed for up to 50 min after AngII washout, suggesting that the priming window is protracted in these cultures relative to freshly isolated cells. The phorbol ester, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), was used to investigate the role of sustained PLD activation in the persistent DAG and priming responses. PDBu was able to both prime glomerulosa cells to respond with enhanced secretion to AngII and elicit a persistent increase in DAG after PDBu washout. This persistent increase in DAG levels with an initial exposure to PDBu or AngII was not the result of maintained PLD activity after agent removal because PLD activation returned to basal levels by 30 min after washout. Finally, inhibition of PLD signaling during the initial AngII treatment inhibited the subsequent response to AngII or another agent that increases calcium influx. Thus, our results suggest that persistent DAG resulting from PLD signaling mediates the priming response to AngII or PDBu.
authors.affiliation: Program in Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, 1120 15th Street, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia 30912-2630, USA. wbollag@mcg.edu
authors.forename: Wendy B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Bollag
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Mariya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malinova
authors.forename: Carlos M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Isales
authors.forename: Roberto A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Calle
mesh_terms: D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000378:metabolism*; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D045604:Extracellular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate / Q000494:pharmacology; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D015384:Zona Glomerulosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists; D004075:Diglycerides; D000804:Angiotensin II; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; D000450:Aldosterone; D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; D010739:Phospholipase D; D002118:Calcium