title: community-acquired infection with healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: the role of home nursing care.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To better understand the role of indirect transmission in community-acquired infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A French teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 198 case patients and 198 control patients with MRSA or methicillin-susceptible S. aureus infection diagnosed between April 2002 and July 2003.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate analysis showed a highly significant independent link between MRSA infection at admission and prior receipt of home nursing care (odds ratio [OR], 3.7; P<.001). Other independent risk factors were prior hospitalization (OR, 3.8; P<.001), transfer from another institution (OR, 2.3; P=.008), and age older than 65 years (OR, 1.6; P=.04). Prior home nursing care showed a frequency dose-response relationship. Eleven MRSA-infected patients had had home nursing procedures but no hospital stay in the previous 3 years. These patients' MRSA strains were related to the prevalent MRSA clone currently spreading in French hospitals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Home nursing care appears to be an independent risk factor for MRSA acquisition in the community. The reservoir probably consists of MRSA carriers discharged from the hospital. Community nurses seem to be a potential vector.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Hospital and University Centre, Paris, France. xavier.lescure@tnn.aphp.fr
authors.forename: François-Xavier
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Lescure
authors.forename: Gwenaelle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Locher
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eveillard
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Biendo
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Agt
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Le Loup
authors.forename: Youcef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Douadi
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ganry
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vandenesch
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Eb
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Schmit
authors.forename: Jerome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Etienne
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission*; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006699:Home Care Services; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification