Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP 5b) as a marker of bone resorption.
Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) is an enzyme that is expressed in high amounts by bone resorbing osteoclasts, inflammatory macrophages and dendritic cells. Two forms of TRACP circulate in human blood, TRACP 5a derived from macrophages and dendritic cells, and TRACP 5b derived from osteoclasts. Recent data have demonstrated the utility of TRACP 5b as a marker of osteoclast number and bone resorption, and serum TRACP 5a as a marker of inflammatory conditions. This review summarizes the scientific knowledge on the role of TRACP in osteoclastic bone resorption, the mechanism of TRACP 5b generation in osteoclasts and its secretion into the blood circulation, the methodology of measuring TRACP 5b, diagnostic evidence for the use of TRACP 5b as a resorption marker, and characteristics of TRACP 5b compared to other commonly used bone turnover markers.
Halleen
Jussi M
JM
Institute ofBiomedicine, Department ofAnatomy, University of Turku, Finland. jussi.halleen@pharmatest.fi
Tiitinen
Sari L
SL
Ylipahkala
Hannele
H
Fagerlund
Katja M
KM
Väänänen
H Kalervo
HK
D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D002452:Cell Count; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000201:enzymology; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
D015415:Biomarkers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D020033:Protein Isoforms; C000605510:ACP5 protein, human; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase