title: Geographical distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis and sand flies in Pakistan.
abstract: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is found in all the four provinces of Pakistan; these are NWFP, Balochistan, Sindh and Punjab. In Balochistan the areas from where the patients came are Uthal, Quetta and Ormara. The highest number of patients came from Quetta and least from Ormara. The patients included in this study were from the Mangopir and Chakewara, areas of Karachi. The infection is endemic in this country and the recent epidemics in the Dadu District and Nawabshah indicate its importance in the locality. The sand fly vector is found in all four provinces of Pakistan that are listed here. It is quite obvious that presence of leishmaniasis indicates the presence of sand flies and cutaneous leishmaniasis is more common.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology, Baqai Medical Karachi, Pakistan. Shakila_ashraf@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ashraf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shakila
authors.forename: Fatima Mujib
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Bilqees
authors.forename: Azra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salim
authors.forename: Moinuddin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moinuddin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D006403:Hematologic Tests; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission*; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D011576:Psychodidae / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology*