title: PathogenMIPer: a tool for the design of molecular inversion probes to detect multiple pathogens.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Here we describe PathogenMIPer, a software program for designing molecular inversion probe (MIP) oligonucleotides for use in pathogen identification and detection. The software designs unique and specific oligonucleotide probes targeting microbial or other genomes. The tool tailors all probe sequence components (including target-specific sequences, barcode sequences, universal primers and restriction sites) and combines these components into ready-to-order probes for use in a MIP assay. The system can harness the genetic variability available in an entire genome in designing specific probes for the detection of multiple co-infections in a single tube using a MIP assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PathogenMIPer can accept sequence data in FASTA file format, and other parameter inputs from the user through a graphical user interface. It can design MIPs not only for pathogens, but for any genome for use in parallel genomic analyses. The software was validated experimentally by applying it to the detection of human papilloma virus (HPV) as a model system, which is associated with various human malignancies including cervical and skin cancers. Initial tests of laboratory samples using the MIPs developed by the PathogenMIPer to recognize 24 different types of HPVs gave very promising results, detecting even a small viral load of single as well as multiple infections (Akhras et al, personal communication).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PathogenMIPer is a software for designing molecular inversion probes for detection of multiple target DNAs in a sample using MIP assays. It enables broader use of MIP technology in the detection through genotyping of pathogens that are complex, difficult-to-amplify, or present in multiple subtypes in a sample.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA. sreedevi@stanford.edu <sreedevi@stanford.edu>
authors.forename: Sreedevi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thiyagarajan
authors.forename: Miloslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karhanek
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akhras
authors.forename: Ronald W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pourmand
mesh_terms: D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D012984:Software; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D004247:DNA