title: Real-time three-dimensional color Doppler echocardiography overcomes the inaccuracies of spectral Doppler for stroke volume calculation.
abstract: Real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography is increasingly used in clinical cardiology. Studies have been shown that this technique can be accurately used to assess both cardiac mass and chamber volumes. We review the work showing that real-time 3-dimensional Doppler echocardiography can be used to accurately calculate intracardiac flow volumes that can potentially be used to assess cardiac function, intracardiac shunt, and valve regurgitation.
authors.affiliation: James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pemberton
authors.forename: Shuping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thiele
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jerosch-Herold
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sahn
mesh_terms: D003199:Computer Systems; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D013318:Stroke Volume; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*