title: AKRP and EMB506 are two ankyrin repeat proteins essential for plastid differentiation and plant development in Arabidopsis.
abstract: EMB506 is a chloroplast protein essential for embryo development, the function of which is unknown. A two-hybrid interaction screen was performed to provide insight into the role of EMB506. A single interacting partner, AKRP, was identified among a cDNA library from immature siliques. The AKR gene (Zhang et al., 1992, Plant Cell 4, 1575-1588) encodes a protein containing five ankyrin repeats, very similar to EMB506. Protein truncation series demonstrated that both proteins interact through their ankyrin domains. Using reverse genetics, we showed that loss of akr function resulted in an embryo-defective (emb) phenotype indistinguishable from the emb506 phenotype. Transient expression of the signal peptide of AKRP fused to green fluorescent protein demonstrated the chloroplast localization of AKRP. The ABI3 promoter was used to express AKR in a seed-specific manner in order to analyse the post-embryonic effect of AKR loss of function in akr/akr seedlings. Homozygous fertile and viable akr/akr plants were obtained. These plants exhibited mild to severe defects in chloroplast and leaf cellular organization. We conclude that EMB506 and AKRP are involved in crucial and tightly controlled events in plastid differentiation linked to cell differentiation, morphogenesis and organogenesis during the plant life cycle.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garcion
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guilleminot
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kroj
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Parcy
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Giraudat
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Devic
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017089:Ankyrin Repeat; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000502:physiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000502:physiology*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
chemical_list: C518802:AKRP protein, Arabidopsis; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C118158:EMB506 protein, Arabidopsis; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins