title: (2Alpha,3beta)-2,3-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid, a new natural triterpene from Olea europea, induces caspase dependent apoptosis selectively in colon adenocarcinoma cells.
abstract: Triterpenoids are known to induce apoptosis and to be anti-tumoural. Maslinic acid, a pentacyclic triterpene, is present in high concentrations in olive pomace. This study examines the response of HT29 and Caco-2 colon-cancer cell lines to maslinic-acid treatment. At concentrations inhibiting cell growth by 50-80% (IC50HT29=61+/-1 microM, IC80HT29=76+/-1 microM and IC50Caco-2=85+/-5 microM, IC80Caco-2=116+/-5 microM), maslinic acid induced strong G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest and DNA fragmentation, and increased caspase-3 activity. However, maslinic acid did not alter the cell cycle or induce apoptosis in the non-tumoural intestine cell lines IEC-6 and IEC-18. Moreover, maslinic acid induced cell differentiation in colon adenocarcinoma cells. These findings support a role for maslinic acid as a tumour suppressant and as a possible new therapeutic tool for aberrant cell proliferation in the colon. In this report, we demonstrate for the first time that, in tumoural cancer cells, maslinic acid exerts a significant anti-proliferation effect by inducing an apoptotic process characterized by caspase-3 activation by a p53-independent mechanism, which occurs via mitochondrial disturbances and cytochrome c release.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.forename: Josep J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Centelles
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lupiáñez
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cascante
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D031658:Olea / Q000737:chemistry; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D053148:Caspase 3; D045304:Cytochromes c; D014315:Triterpenes; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C412811:maslinic acid; D009828:Oleanolic Acid