Cellular principles underlying normal and pathological activity in the subthalamic nucleus.
The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease are associated with abnormal, correlated, low frequency, rhythmic burst activity in the subthalamic nucleus and connected nuclei. Research into the mechanisms controlling the pattern of subthalamic activity has intensified because therapies that manipulate the pattern of subthalamic activity, such as deep brain stimulation and levodopa administration, improve motor function in Parkinson's disease. Recent findings suggest that dopamine denervation of the striatum and extrastriatal basal ganglia profoundly alters the transmission and integration of glutamatergic cortical and GABAergic pallidal inputs to subthalamic neurons, leading to pathological activity that resonates throughout the basal ganglia and wider motor system.
Bevan
Mark D
MD
Northwestern University, Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. m-bevan@northwestern.edu
Atherton
Jeremy F
JF
Baufreton
Jérôme
J
D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000172:deficiency*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D004298:Dopamine