title: (Poly)acrylonitrile-based hydrogel as a therapeutic bulking agent in urology.
abstract: Vesicoureteral reflux and urinary incontinence can be treated by endoscopic injection. Injectables such as collagen and hyaluronic acid-dextranomer are commonly used, however are not offering optimal therapeutic effect yet. In the present study a novel application for poly(acrylonitrile)-based hydrogel (Hypan), already tested in other clinical indications, has been investigated for its aptitude as an injectable bulking agent. This non-degradable, extremely hydrophilic hydrogel has the capacity of a 6-fold swelling once implanted into the body, assuring the bulking effect. Deposits of this bulking agent have been implanted into the submucosal space of the bladder of 6 minipigs and the histological reaction, as well as the physical implant behavior have been studied over a time period of 6 months. The implants have developed the desired bulking effect by the above-described hydrophilic swelling. They have been enclosed into a fine fibrous tissue capsule and provoked a very limited inflammatory reaction. This study has showed that poly(acrylonitrile)-based hydrogel implants injected into the bladder are well tolerated and, due to their defined bulking ability, feasible for the treatment of vesico-ureteral reflux and urinary incontinence. To determine the therapeutic efficiency of this treatment the implants will be studied in a vesicoureteral reflux and urinary incontinence animal model.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Pediatric Urology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. pascal.ramseyer@chuv.ch
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramseyer
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meagher-Villemure
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Burki
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Frey
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D014572:Urology / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020100:Hydrogels; C010504:polyacrylonitrile