title: Sodium hypochlorite: history, properties, electrochemical production.
abstract: This paper analyses the evolution of hypochlorite as strong disinfectant. The electrochemical production of hypochloric acid or sodium hypochlorite represents the best method to obtain a pure product. To have a good production (as quality and quantity), it is necessary to optimize the electrochemical process with the optimal of electrocatalytic electrodes (cathode and anode) the gap between electrodes, the temperature of electrochemical cell. It is very important for the product stability during a long period, avoid the presence of heavy metal ions and particulate as impurity-like carbon micro-powders in suspension. It is necessary a rigorous control of the pH of final product to have the optimal disinfection power of hypochlorite solution. The most stable sodium hypochlorite solutions are those that show the following characteristics: (1) low concentration of hypochlorite; (2) pH -> 11.5 and <13; (3) absence of graphite particulate and metallic ions; (4) storage at controlled temperature <30 degrees C. Packing in containers impermeable to light.
authors.affiliation: Docente di 'Processi Elettrochimici', DICHEP, Facoltà di Ingegneria, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: Gian Piero
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Ponzano
mesh_terms: D004202:Disinfectants / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000266:history*; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004572:Electrolysis / Q000266:history* / Q000379:methods; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000266:history*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000266:history* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite