title: Development of a cone angle weighted three-dimensional image reconstruction algorithm to reduce cone-beam artefacts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Image reconstruction from cone-beam projections collected along a single circular source trajectory is commonly done using the Feldkamp algorithm, which performs well only with a small cone angle. In this report, we propose an algorithm to reduce cone-beam artefacts by increasing the cone angle by several fold to achieve satisfactory image quality at the same radiation dose.
  
  
  METHODS
  To examine the factors involved in the occurrence of cone-beam artefacts, a microspheres-phantom was arranged longitudinally at different positions and a computer simulation was performed. Due to differences in projection angle, data projected onto the detector surface were projected along trajectories shown as different periodic functions depending on the distance and position from the mid-plane position. Therefore, projection along several detector channels based on different projection data resulting from different periodic functions is considered responsible for the increase in cone-beam artefacts associated with an increase in the distance of reconstruction planes from the mid-plane position. Our recommended algorithm to reduce such artefacts features a change in weighting with respect to projection data obtained at different projection angles, three-dimensional back-projection of corrected projection data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Numerical phantom simulation and real human head origin study (a prototype cone-beam CT) showed that the effect of the reduction in cone-beam artefacts of an object located at the edges was markedly enhanced at reconstruction planes at positions further from the mid-plane position.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose a projection angle weight-based algorithm to increase the cone angle by several fold to achieve satisfactory image quality at the same radiation dose. These findings confirmed that this algorithm reduces cone-beam artefacts and generates high-quality reconstruction images.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Shinshu University Hospital, 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan. gomi@hsp.md.shinshu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gomi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koshida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyati
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D011859:Radiography / Q000379:methods*; D013382:Subtraction Technique