title: [Vulnerability factors to depression].
abstract: The objective of this study is to reveal in their complexity the biological and cognitive vulnerability factors, as well as the environmental and socialisation predisposing factors playing a role in the development of depression in non-clinical sample of subjects (college students). Biological vulnerability was examined through temperament and character features, cognitive vulnerability was examined through dysfunctional attitudes, attributional style and coping strategies, and environmental, socialization predisposing factors were observed through certain family socialisation effects (type of family atmosphere, educational objectives, educational and rearing attitudes and style) and parental rearing behaviour. 681 college students were involved in this study (465 females, 216 males). Students were assigned to the study group if they fell in the fourth quartile of the sample based on the results obtained by the Beck's Depression Inventory: 170 persons (128 females, 42 males). Students who fell in the first quartile of the sample on the basis of their results obtained by the mentioned Inventory formed the control group: 204 persons (118 females, 86 males). The results of our study have demonstrated that in a sub-clinical sample the lack of parental care was observed to be a socialization predisposing factor in the development of depression, while certain dysfunctional attitudes and pessimistic interpretation styles were detected to be cognitive vulnerability factors, and harm avoidance proved to be a biological vulnerability factor. We also managed to reveal the effects of certain background factors, which produce their influence indirectly through mediating factors.
authors.affiliation: Debreceni Egyetem, Klinikai és Személyiségpszichológia Tanszék, Debrecen, Hungary. abugan@tigris.klte.hu
authors.forename: Antal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bugán
authors.forename: Ferenc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Margitics
authors.forename: Zsuzsa
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pauwlik
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D012307:Risk Factors; D012951:Socialization; D035862:Vulnerable Populations / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data