title: [A child with non-herpetic acute limbic encephalitis affecting the claustrum and hippocampus].
abstract: We experienced an 8-year-old-boy with non-herpetic acute limbic encephalitis (NHALE), who developed headache, convulsion, consciousness disturbance, and ataxia following cold like symptoms. Disturbance of short term memory and a change of character were recognized. Myoclonic seizures and generalized tonic clonic convulsions developed, that responded to antiepileptic agents. Although other symptoms resolved spontaneously, short term memory disturbance persisted. Brain MRI demonstrated the lesion involving the bilateral claustrum and right hippocampus. Three months later, the lesion in the claustrum disappeared, but the hippocampus still showed slight hyperintensity on FLAIR image of MRI. Autoantibodies against glutamine receptor were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma, which suggested the involvement of immunologic disturbances in this disease. In NHALE, many cases have been reported in adults but not in children, and the further attentions should be paid to childhood-onset NHALE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka. hishi@tvk.zaq.ne.jp
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Hideji
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Natsuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takaura
authors.forename: Toshiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Katsuji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Sanae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Otani
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: Yukitoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Tsunekazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamano
mesh_terms: D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D020363:Limbic Encephalitis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male