title: Simultaneous removal of sperm plasma membrane and acrosome before intracytoplasmic sperm injection improves oocyte activation/embryonic development.
abstract: Direct injection of a single spermatozoon into an oocyte (ICSI) can produce apparently normal offspring. Although the production of normal offspring by ICSI has been successful in mice and humans, it has been less successful in many other species. The reason for this is not clear, but could be, in part, due to inconsistent activation of oocytes because of delayed disintegration of sperm plasma membrane within oocytes and incorporation of the acrosome containing a spectrum of hydrolyzing enzymes. In the mouse, the removal of sperm plasma membrane and acrosome was not a prerequisite to produce offspring by ICSI, but it resulted in earlier onset of oocyte activation and better embryonic development. The best result was obtained when spermatozoa were demembranated individually immediately before ICSI by using lysolecithin, a hydrolysis product of membrane phospholipids.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biogenesis Research, University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morozumi
authors.forename: Tomohide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shikano
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Ryuzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yanagimachi
mesh_terms: D000177:Acrosome / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D017830:Octoxynol / Q000378:metabolism; D009865:Oocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods*; D013089:Spermatocidal Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013089:Spermatocidal Agents; D017830:Octoxynol