title: Ginkgo biloba extract reduces naphthalene-induced oxidative damage in mice.
abstract: This investigation elucidated the role of free radicals in naphthalene-induced toxicity and protection by Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb). BALB-c mice of either sex were administered with naphthalene (100 mg/kg; i.p.) for 30 days, along with either saline or EGb (150 mg/kg, orally). At the end of the experiment, following decapitation, lung, liver and kidney tissue samples were taken for histological examination or determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and collagen contents. In addition, proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-beta) and total antioxidant capacity (AOC) were assayed in the plasma, while lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was assayed in serum samples. The results revealed that naphthalene caused a significant decrease in GSH level, and significant increases in MDA level, MPO activity and collagen content of tissues. Similarly, plasma cytokines, as well as serum LDH activity, were elevated while AOC was decreased in the naphthalene group compared with the control group. On the other hand, EGb treatment reversed all these biochemical indices. The results demonstrate that EGb extract, by balancing the oxidant-antioxidant status and inhibiting the generation of proinflammatory cytokines and neutrophil infiltration, protects against naphthalene-induced oxidative organ injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Marmara University School of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayfer
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tozan
authors.forename: Ozer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sehirli
authors.forename: Gülden Z
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Omurtag
authors.forename: Sule
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cetinel
authors.forename: Nursal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gedik
authors.forename: Göksel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sener
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D020441:Ginkgo biloba; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009281:Naphthalenes; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D009281:Naphthalenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C031721:naphthalene; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase