title: Nicolau Syndrome: three cases and review.
abstract: Nicolau Syndrome, also known as livedo-like dermatitis (LLD) or embolia cutis medicamentosa (ECM) is an infrequent complication following intramuscular and intra-articular injection of various drugs. This rare entity is characterized by severe pain and erythematous-ecchymotic reticular lesions at the injection site, which in many cases lead to necrotic ulcers and scarring. We report three cases of Nicolau Syndrome following injection of diclofenac, penicillin G, and cyanocobalamin.
authors.affiliation: PGY-2 Dermatology Resident at the University of Oklahoma in Oklahoma City, Department of Dermatology, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center of Dermatology, OK 73104, USA.
authors.forename: Kelli
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Luton
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Poletti
authors.forename: Glen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koester
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D017445:Skin Diseases, Vascular / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013577:Syndrome; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D004008:Diclofenac; D014805:Vitamin B 12; D010400:Penicillin G