title: Sedative effect of acupuncture during cataract surgery: prospective randomized double-blind study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effectiveness of acupuncture in reducing anxiety in patients having cataract surgery under topical anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Vita-Salute University of Milan and IRCCS H. San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective randomized double-blind controlled trial, anxiety levels before and after cataract surgery in 3 groups (A = no acupuncture, B = true acupuncture starting 20 minutes before surgery, C = sham acupuncture starting 20 minutes before surgery) were compared using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Twenty-five patients scheduled for inpatient phacoemulsification were enrolled in each group. All surgeries were performed using topical anesthesia. Exclusion criteria were refusal to provide informed consent, use of drugs with sedative properties, psychiatric disease, pregnancy, knowledge of the principles of acupuncture, anatomic alterations, or cutaneous infections precluding acupuncture at the selected acupoints.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative anxiety levels were significantly lower only in Group B (P = .001). Anxiety in Group B was significantly lower than in Group A (P = .001) and Group C (P = .037). Regarding postoperative anxiety, the mean VAS score was 39 +/- 5 in Group A, 19 +/- 3 in Group B, and 31 +/- 4 in Group C. The difference was significant only between Group A and Group B (P = .003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acupuncture was effective in reducing anxiety related to cataract surgery under topical anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Anesthesiology, Vita-Salute University of Milan, and H. San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gioia
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cabrini
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gemma
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fiori
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fasce
authors.forename: Gianluigi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bolognesi
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spinelli
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Beretta
mesh_terms: D015670:Acupuncture Therapy; D000368:Aged; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001007:Anxiety / Q000628:therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local