title: Effects of saliva contamination on dentin bond strength using all-in-one adhesives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of saliva contamination on microtensile bond strengths of all-in-one adhesives to dentin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Flat superficial occlusal dentin surfaces of extracted human molars were used and randomly divided into 2 groups depending on two all-in-one adhesives: One-Up Bond F Plus (Tokuyama Dental) and Adper Prompt L-Pop (3M ESPE). For each adhesive, the teeth were allocated to 7 subgroups in which one group was bonded without contamination with saliva, serving as a control. The other groups, either before or after the polymerization of adhesives, were contaminated with saliva and dried; contaminated, dried, and adhesives re-applied; contaminated, rinsed, and the adhesives re-applied. Resin composite was then placed on the treated dentin surfaces. After 24 h storage in distilled water at 37 degrees C, the teeth were sectioned perpendicular to the adhesive interface in x and y directions, obtaining multiple beam-shaped specimens with a cross-sectional area of approximately 1.0 mm2. Specimens were stressed in tension at 1 mm/min until rupture of the bond. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Games-Howell test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For both all-in-one adhesives, saliva-contaminated groups showed lower bond strengths than the controls. Re-application of the adhesives after drying or rinsing the saliva off restored the dentin bond strengths to the control levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Saliva contamination reduced the dentin bond strengths of all-in-one adhesives. Supplementary application of the adhesive after cleaning the saliva from the dentin surface is an empirical recommendation for restoring bond strength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand. vanthana@swu.ac.th
authors.forename: Vanthana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sattabanasuk
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tagami
mesh_terms: D000269:Adhesives / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D012463:Saliva / Q000502:physiology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; C446260:One-Up-Bond F; C408584:Prompt L-Pop; D019279:Resin Cements; D014867:Water