title: Is D-dimer a predictor of strangulated intestinal hernia?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The goal of this study was to assess the relevance of serum D-dimer measurement as a possible reliable marker for the diagnosis of strangulated intestinal hernia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients admitted with nontraumatic acute abdominal gastrointestinal disorders were recruited prospectively in a tertiary referral hospital. The study was conducted in 159 patients between August 2002 and April 2004. D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, serum amylase, and international normalized ratio (INR) levels were tested in the emergency room prior to surgical intervention. For each patient, 15 variables, including D-dimer, were available for analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-three (20.7%) of the 159 patients had intestinal ischemia, and 28 (85%) of these 33 patients had D-dimer level > 300 ng/ml. Plasma levels of D-dimer in patients with intestinal ischemia were significantly higher than in patients without ischemia (P < 0.05). There were 29 (18.2%) patients in the hernia group with incarceration (n = 22) or strangulation requiring resection (n = 7). D-dimer levels in patients requiring intestinal resection were insignificantly higher than in patients without resection (P > 0.05). Six (85%) of the 7 hernia patients requiring resection had D-dimer levels > 360 ng/ml. The D-dimer variable correlated best with the leukocyte count in patients with hernia requiring resection. Levels of lactate dehydrogenase, serum amylase, and INR did not show any correlation with D-dimer levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To help predict ischemic events, the increasing use of the D-dimer assay in clinical practice could be extended to patients presenting with intestinal emergencies. An elevated D-dimer level on admission had a high sensitivity for identifying patients with intestinal ischemia, although it had a low specificity. Whether it is predictive or preventive for resection in strangulated intestinal hernia patients still remains a question.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Ege University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey 35100.
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Icoz
authors.forename: Ozer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Makay
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sozbilen
authors.forename: Baris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gurcu
authors.forename: Cemil
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caliskan
authors.forename: Ozgur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Firat
authors.forename: Zahide
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kurt
authors.forename: Sinan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ersin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000032:analysis*; D006547:Hernia / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; C036309:fibrin fragment D