title: [Non-pharmacological treatment of heart failure: implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronisation therapy].
abstract: The non-pharmacological therapy of heart failure, in particular an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronisation therapy or biventricular stimulation, improves symptoms and survival in patients with heart failure. An ICD is indicated in many patients with heart failure following cardiac arrest unless reversible causes are demonstrable. Selected patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction < or = 35% due to either ischaemic (>40 days after a myocardial infarction) or nonischaemic cardiomyopathy are candidates for ICD implantation as the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death. Patients who continue to have severe symptoms despite maximal pharmacotherapy, with a left ventricular ejection fraction < or = 35% and a wide QRS complex, are candidates for cardiac resynchronisation therapy to improve both symptoms and survival.
authors.affiliation: Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Postbus 30.001, 9700, RB Groningen. i.c.van.gelder@thorax.umcg.nl
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: van Gelder
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Smit
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nieuwland
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: van Veldhuisen
mesh_terms: D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D011379:Prognosis