title: [The relationship between endothelin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha and myocardial microcirculation dysfunction].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between endothelin-1 (ET-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha and myocardial microcircular dysfunction during coronary microembolization (CME).
  
  
  METHODS
  CME was induced in 10 miniswine by selective infusion of microspheres (45 microm) into left anterior descending artery (LAD). We measured (1) coronary sinus level of ET-1, TNF-alpha using radioimmunoassay; (2) CFR, a measure of microvascular integrity, using Doppler flow wire in LAD at baseline and different doses of microspheres.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CFR decrease significantly with different doses of microspheres (vs. baseline, P < 0.05). Level of ET-1, TNF-alpha increased significantly with doses of 5 x 10(4) and peaked with 10 x 10(4). Interestingly, ET-1 progressively decrease while TNF-alpha persistently elevated from doses of 12 x 10(4) to 15 x 10(4). There are reverse correlations between ET-1 and CFR (r = -0.31, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The extent of microvascular injury wasn't linearly related to the extent of ME, where, it closely associated with myocardial ET-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the NO.6 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China. yeakcardio@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Qing-yong
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jun-bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Jian-hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jun-zhu
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Liang-hui
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ju-ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha