title: The Saccharomyces cerevisiae GSK-3 beta homologs.
abstract: Yeast cells carry four homologs of GSK-3beta, RIM11, MCK1, MRK1 and YGK3. The significant homologs are RIM11 and MCK1 that presumably arose from a recent genome duplication followed by a rapid divergence. Accordingly, these homologs phosphorylate specific substrates. Rim11 is essential for entry into meiosis, whereas Mck1 is essential for growth at elevated and low temperatures. Both kinases transmit nutrient signals, but Mck1 transmits additional signals including stress signals such as, temperature, osmotic shock and Ca(2+). Consequently, Mck1 plays a role in multiple functions, including cell wall integrity, meiosis and centromere function. The other two homologs, MRK1 and YGK3 that belong to the RIM11 and MCK1 phylogenetic trees, respectively, show no distinct phenotype. These paralogs posses redundant roles, though less important, with Rim11 and Mck1 functions. This review summarizes the cellular roles of these kinases, their mode of regulation, and the signals that they transmit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Technion, Haifa 32000 Israel. ykassir@techunix.technion.ac.il
authors.forename: Yona
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kassir
authors.forename: Ifat
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rubin-Bejerano
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mandel-Gutfreund
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C090458:RIM11 protein, S cerevisiae; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; C068124:MCK1 protein, S cerevisiae