title: A study on compliance to hearing conservation programme among industries in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
abstract: Noise is one of the hazards faced by workers. A cross-sectional study was conducted among industries in Negeri Sembilan with the objective to assess their compliance to Hearing Conservation Programme (HCP). The other objectives of this study were to determine the factors influencing it and to show the industries' compliance to each element of the programme. It was also to identify the association between compliance to HCP and the prevalence of hearing impairment and standard threshold shift. Data for this study were collected using questionnaires sent by mail and also the results of the latest audiometric tests. A total of 167 industries were analysed for this study. It was found that 41.3% of these industries fully complied to the programme. It was also found that the industries preferred to provide hearing protection device (92.8%) and least complied to noise control (61.1%). There were significant associations (p<0.05) between compliance and number of employees, status of ownership and the presence of officer in charge of hearing conservation programme. Having at least 150 employees actually raised the compliance to HCP in two folds (beta = 0.717, OR = 2.048, C.I 95% = 1.063 to 3.944). The prevalences of hearing impairment and standard threshold shift were 23.9% and 5.2% respectively. There was no significant association between the prevalence for hearing impairment and compliance to HCP. The prevalence for standard threshold shift was inversely related to compliance. This study showed that compliance percentage need to be improved as an effort to prevent the hearing problems among workers exposed to noise.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Health, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ibrahim Tamin
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Nor Saleha
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Noor Hassim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001299:Audiometry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006317:Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry / Q000145:classification / Q000592:standards*; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009623:Noise, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016272:Occupational Health; D015995:Prevalence; D015397:Program Evaluation; D018570:Risk Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D020711:Threshold Limit Values