Increased levels of air pollution and a decrease in the human and mouse male-to-female ratio in São Paulo, Brazil.
A significant negative association (R(2) = 0.7642; P=.013) between particulate matter and secondary sex ratio was found when evaluating people in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. An animal model with male mice raised in nonfiltered open-top chambers showed a significant reduction in the secondary sex ratio (P=.041), suggesting that ambient air pollution may interfere with sex distribution by altering the X:Y sperm proportion in pollution-exposed males.
Lichtenfels
Ana Julia F C
AJ
Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. anajulia@lim05.fm.usp.br <anajulia@lim05.fm.usp.br>
Gomes
Joabner B
JB
Pieri
Patrícia C
PC
El Khouri Miraglia
Simone G
SG
Hallak
Jorge
J
Saldiva
Paulo H N
PH
D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002947:Cities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D012744:Sex Ratio; D013223:Statistics as Topic