title: [Evaluation of an articulated spacer for two-stage reimplantation for infected total knee arthroplasty: 28 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Two-stage reimplantation remains the most popular solution for infected total knee arthroplasty. We have used articulated spacers since their introduction in 2000. We evaluated tolerance, joint motion under general anesthesia before reimplantation and also the infectious and functional long-term outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between June 2000 and April 2003, we implanted an articulated spacer in 28 patients who required revision of their total knee arthroplasty. Postoperatively, contact weight bearing was allowed with unlimited knee motion depending on pain control. Mean time between implant removal and reimplantation was eight weeks (range 6-16 weeks).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was one dislocation due to excessive play between the two components. Passive joint motion before reimplantation was 53 degrees (range 5-80 degrees ). At last follow-up, 24 patients were free of overt infection and all antibiotic regimens had been discontinued for at least 20 months (20-48 months). Two patients required a second two stage revision. One had an arthrodesis and in one only suppressive antibiotic therapy was possible.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spacer removal appears easy at reimplantation. Good knee flexion (greater than 40 degrees in ten patients and greater than 60 degrees in eight) facilitated exposure, avoiding the need for tilting of the tibial tuberosity in seven patients. Functional and infectious outcomes were similar to those reported in the literature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The spacer appears to improve patient comfort between the two operations. It also facilitates the reimplantation procedure because of the easier exposure and greater knee flexion compared with a mono-bloc spacer or an external fixator. There must however be enough bone stock to hold the articulated spacer in place.
authors.affiliation: Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, place Amélie-Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Souillac
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Costes
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aunoble
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Langlois
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dutronc
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chauveaux
mesh_terms: D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007720:Knee Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies