title: The case for androgen deprivation as primary therapy for early stage disease: results from J-CaP and CaPSURE.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We analyzed the outcome of primary androgen depletion therapy, which has gained more attention as a potential therapeutic option in patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer as it has been increasingly implemented despite limited data on its therapeutic impact in Japan and the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed data from CaPSURE and the Japanese Prostate Cancer study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Japan primary androgen depletion therapy has long been the treatment of choice for localized and locally advanced prostate cancer. Based on CaPSURE data the frequency of primary androgen depletion therapy being chosen to treat localized and locally advanced disease is also increasing in clinical practice in the United States. A study of the outcomes of endocrine therapy is currently being performed in Japan by the Japanese Prostate Cancer Study Group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is important to obtain such information about the role of primary androgen depletion therapy for localized and locally advanced prostate cancer from studies of natural history and clinical trials. It is also important to update practical treatment guidelines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8578, Japan. akazah@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akaza
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hinotsu
authors.forename: Michiyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Usami
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kagawa
authors.forename: Tadaichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Taiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirao
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murai
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Namiki
mesh_terms: D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists