Validation of a Spanish version of the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment Questionnaire (SMFA).
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to develop a linguistically appropriate, culturally adapted, and appropriately validated Spanish version of the SMFA (SMFA-Mex).


METHODS
Validation of a survey-based outcome instrument.


METHODS
Busy state hospital in southern Mexico.


METHODS
Consecutive trauma patients with a variety of orthopedic disorders.


METHODS
N/A.


METHODS
The SMFA-Mex was forward and back translated, administered to orthopedic trauma patients, and compared against the Spanish version of the SF-36s for criterion validity. Statistical analysis included factor analysis, criterion validation with the SF-36, and internal measures of reliability.


RESULTS
Factor analysis demonstrated three separate subscale dimensions: 1) upper-extremity dysfunction, 2) lower-extremity dysfunction, and 3) lifestyle alterations. Item analysis showed a high degree of internal consistency for the three subscales (subscale 1, r = 0.95; subscale 2, r = 0.94; subscale 3, r = 0.92). Test-retest reliability at 7 days was 0.93 for the upper-extremity dysfunction subscale, 0.95 for the lower-extremity dysfunction subscale, and 0.92 for the lifestyle-alterations subscale. Construct validity was established by comparison of the Brazilian version of the SF-36.


CONCLUSIONS
The SMFA-Mex was successfully translated and culturally adapted from the English original. The SMFA-Mex demonstrated adequate scale reliability and validity and yielded three distinct subscales using factor analysis.
Guevara
Carlos Javier
CJ
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Cook
Chad
C
Pietrobon
Ricardo
R
Rodríguez
Guillermina
G
Nunley
James
J
Higgins
Laurence D
LD
Olson
Steven A
SA
Vail
Thomas Parker
TP
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D008875:Middle Aged; D009141:Musculoskeletal System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires