title: Cytokine production in human periodontal ligament cells stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although some functions and characterizations of human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells have been reported, the role of hPDL cells in periodontal disease is poorly understood. We have previously reported that hPDL cells produce many kinds of inflammatory cytokines by stimulation with Prevotella intermedia. In this study, we examined the production of cytokines in hPDL cells stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis as compared with P. intermedia.
  
  
  METHODS
  hPDL cells cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagles's medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and antibiotics. After three to four passages, hPDL cells were stimulated with P. intermedia (ATCC25601) or P. gingivalis (ATCC33277) for 24 h. Total RNA was extracted by ISOGEN and the expression of cytokine mRNA was determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Cytokines in the culture supernatants were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) mRNA was detected in hPDL cells after stimulation with P. gingivalis as well as P. intermedia. There were no significant differences in the kind of cytokines expressed in hPDL cells between P. gingivalis and P. intermedia. However, P. gingivalis induced a significantly higher production of cytokines in hPDL cells than P. intermedia (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that hPDL cells produce many kinds of cytokines as a result of bacterial stimulation, including stimulation with P. gingivalis and P. intermedia. These results suggest that hPDL cells may play a role in cytokine production in periodontal disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan. yamamoto@koto.kpu-m.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oseko
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Imanishi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kanamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000502:physiology*; D018713:Prevotella intermedia / Q000502:physiology*; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007378:Interleukins; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; D012333:RNA, Messenger