title: The influence of the X-ray spectrum at compact bone-titanium interfaces in digital dental radiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the optimum X-ray spectrum in digital dental radiography once the dose around an implant and the diagnostic usefulness of the image are taken into account.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Monte Carlo code (MCNP4B) was employed for computing the dose distribution across the bone-titanium interface. The X-ray spectra used were those met in digital dental radiography; 50-70 kVp, 2 mm Al total filtration, 5 kVp increment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The variation of the ratio of dose with as opposed to without implant against depth reaches maximum values at the bone-implant interface that vary between 2.9 and 3.2. For the same number of photon histories followed, the higher the tube potential setting, the greater the dose both in contact and inside the implant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In digital dental radiography, a 60-65 kVp spectrum accompanied by the known 30% reduction in mAs leads to lower dose to the patient for a diagnostically useful image.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. ketykara@otenet.gr
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nicopoulou-Karayianni
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koligliatis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Donta-Bakogianni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karayiannis
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D019252:Radiography, Dental, Digital; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials; D014025:Titanium