title: School-based intervention acutely improves insulin sensitivity and decreases inflammatory markers and body fatness in junior high school students.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) include obesity, family history, dyslipidemia, a proinflammatory state, impaired insulin secretory capacity, and insulin resistance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a 3- to 4-month school-based intervention consisting of health, nutrition, and exercise classes plus an aerobic exercise program on diabetes risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a randomized before/after controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-three eighth-grade students in a predominantly Hispanic New York City public school were divided into a control group (studied twice without receiving the intervention) and an experimental group (studied before and after the intervention).
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured body fatness (bioelectrical impedance), insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function (insulin release in response to an iv glucose load corrected for insulin sensitivity), lipid profiles, and circulating concentrations of IL-6, C-reactive protein, adiponectin, and TNF-alpha.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participation in the intervention was associated with significant reductions in body fatness, insulin resistance, and circulating concentrations of C-reactive protein and IL-6, irrespective of somatotype on enrollment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short-term school-based health, nutrition, and exercise intervention is beneficial to all students and affects multiple diabetes risk factors.
authors.affiliation: New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York 10032, USA. mr475@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosenbaum
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nonas
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weil
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horlick
authors.forename: Ilene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fennoy
authors.forename: Ileana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kringas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D017097:Electric Impedance; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012572:School Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D014280:Triglycerides