title: Clinical and psychosocial characteristics of men with erectile dysfunction: baseline data from ExCEED.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Erectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with psychological impairment, and further research is required to understand their relationship.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We present descriptive baseline results from a longitudinal observational study of North American men seeking treatment for ED.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients completed clinical and health-related quality-of-life information at baseline and three follow-up points over 12 months; 162 patients had usable baseline data, including clinical history and current status, sociodemographic information, and standard paper-and-pencil scales of psychosocial characteristics. Scores on the International Index of Erectile Functioning erectile functioning subscale were collapsed into mild (N = 27), moderate (N = 41), or severe (N = 94) categories. Using chi-square, anova, and logistic regression, we identified baseline characteristics associated with ED severity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The main outcome measure was the degree of psychosocial impairment associated with mild, moderate, and severe ED.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Severe ED was significantly associated with not having a regular sex partner; a history of prostate cancer; and worse scores on measures of positive affect, belonging/loneliness, sexual self-efficacy-strength, psychological adjustment, marital happiness, anxiety at last intercourse, and depression. In a multivariate logistic regression model, poorer sexual self-efficacy was most closely associated with severe ED. The model rescaled R(2) was 0.63 (area-under-the-curve, 0.91).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Severe ED is related to impairment across a broad range of psychosocial domains, and clinicians should consider offering patients assistance in dealing with its psychosocial impact.
authors.affiliation: Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,; Houston Center for Quality of Care & Utilization Studies, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX,. Electronic address: latini@bcm.tmc.edu.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Latini
authors.affiliation: Departments of Urology and Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Penson
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL.
authors.forename: Katrine L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.affiliation: Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Deborah P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Lubeck
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Tom F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Lue
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D003075:Coitus / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000523:psychology*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009656:North America; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D012042:Registries; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012649:Self Concept; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012747:Sexual Partners; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires