title: Pontine and cerebellar norepinephrine content in adult rats recovering from focal cortical injury.
abstract: Norepinephrine (NE) plays an important role in motor recovery after brain damage. Most studies concerning NE activity have been performed in the cerebellum, while the role of the pons, the site where the norepinephrinergic locus coeruleus is located, has not yet been elucidated. For this work, we studied the changes in cerebellar and pontine NE content in sham-operated (n = 17), motor cortex injured (n = 6) and recovered rats (n = 12). Motor effects were assessed by means of footprint analysis and sensorimotor evaluation. It was found that after cortical brain damage, the stride length decreases while the stride angle increases after 6 h post-surgery, while the sensorimotor evaluation showed an increase in the motor deficit. Recovery was observed after 24 h. NE content increased in the pons after 6 h and returned to normal levels in recovered rats, with no significant changes observed in the cerebellum. Based on the functional remote inhibition, it is possible that NE exerts an autoinhibitory effect in the pons after motor cortical ablation. On the other hand, the absence of an effect in the cerebellum suggests that cerebellar NE activity related to damage and/or recovery is limited to discrete areas of the structure.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neuroplasticidad, Torre de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, Mexico City, Mexico. higgo65@salud.gob.mx
authors.forename: Rigoberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Pina
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bueno-Nava
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Montes
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alfaro-Rodriguez
authors.forename: Angelica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Maciel
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reynoso-Robles
authors.forename: Fructuoso
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ayala-Guerrero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism*; D011149:Pons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D009638:Norepinephrine