title: Patient characteristics associated with quality of life in European women seeking treatment for urinary incontinence: results from PURE.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between patient characteristics and disease-specific and generic quality of life (QOL) as well as the degree of bother in women seeking treatment for urinary incontinence (UI).
  
  
  METHODS
  The Prospective Urinary Incontinence Research (PURE) was a 6-mo observational study with 1055 physicians from 15 European countries enrolling 9487 women. QOL was assessed at the enrolment visit using the urinary Incontinence Quality of Life questionnaire (I-QOL) and the generic EQ-5D. A single-item instrument was used to measure the degree of bother. UI severity was assessed using the Sandvik Index. UI was categorised into stress (SUI), mixed (MUI), and urge (UUI) urinary incontinence by a patient-administered instrument (Stress and Urge Incontinence Questionnaire [S/UIQ]). Multivariate linear (I-QOL, EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale) and logistic (bother, EQ-5D health state index) regressions were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean total I-QOL scores were significantly and independently associated with UI severity, nocturia, age, UI subtype, number of selected concomitant medical conditions, length of suffering from UI before contacting a doctor, smoking status, ongoing use of UI medication, and country. After adjusting for all the covariates, the total I-QOL scores for SUI, MUI, and UUI were 62.7, 53.8 and 60.1, respectively. As with I-QOL, UI severity was also the most important predictor for bother. The number of concomitant medical conditions, together with UI severity, was the variable most strongly associated with EQ-5D.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In addition to the UI subtypes, severity of UI should be given more importance in treatment algorithms and in treatment decision-making by both the patient and the physician.
authors.affiliation: Boehringer Ingelheim, Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Ingelheim, Germany. Brigitta.Monz@ing.boehringer-ingelheim.com
authors.forename: Brigitta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Monz
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chartier-Kastler
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hampel
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Samsioe
authors.forename: Steinar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hunskaar
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Espuna-Pons
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wagg
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Quail
authors.forename: Ramiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chinn
mesh_terms: D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000628:therapy*