title: Clinicopathological review of 61 patients with early bile duct cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The concept of early cancer is already established in the hollow viscus. However, there is no broadly accepted concept of early bile duct cancer. We aimed to assess whether early bile duct cancer patients have characteristic clinicopathological features and a better prognosis compared with patients with advanced bile duct cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between June 1996 and December 2004, 614 patients were histologically confirmed with primary bile duct cancers after resection. Extrahepatic early bile duct cancers are defined as carcinoma where invasion is confined within the fibromuscular layer of the extrahepatic bile duct. Intrahepatic early bile duct cancers arising from intrahepatic large bile ducts are also defined as carcinoma confined within the fibromuscular layer. We retrospectively reviewed medical records to obtain demographic, laboratory, radiological and pathological data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-one (10%) patients were categorised with early bile duct cancers. They were frequently detected at asymptomatic (39%) or non-icteric (84%) stages. The most common gross type was the intraductal-growing type (58%). Not otherwise specified adenocarcinoma was only 67%, whereas papillary carcinoma was 31% of cancers. No lymph node metastasis and no lymphovascular/perineural invasions were noted in 89% of patients. The 5-year survival rate for early bile duct cancer was excellent (80%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although early bile duct cancer is not a common disease, it is not a very rare entity either. The clinicopathological features of early bile duct cancer patients differ from those of advanced bile duct cancer patients, with asymptomatic clinical presentation, different macroscopic and microscopic findings, and excellent prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, East-West Neo Medical Center, University of Kyunghee College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Jang
mesh_terms: D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002758:Cholangiography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor