title: Comparative efficacy of acetazolamide and apraclonidine in the control of intraocular pressure following phacoemulsification.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of our study was to compare the effects of systemically administered acetazolamide and topical apraclonidine 0.5% in the control of intraocular pressure (IOP) following phacoemulsification of senile cataracts.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted on patients affected by cataract and followed at the Department of Ophthalmology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-eight eyes in 78 patients were selected. Twenty-six eyes were randomly assigned to postoperative treatment with topical apraclonidine 0.5%, 26 received oral acetazolamide and the remaining 26 received no hypotensive treatment (control group). Statistical analyses were performed mainly by means of analyis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IOPs measured 24 h after surgery were significantly (p = 0.01) lower in the apraclonidine group compared to the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our double-blind prospective study conducted on patients randomly assigned to treatment with apraclonidine or acetazolamide shows that the former drug is undoubtedly effective in the prevention of IOP increases following phacoemulsification. IOPs recorded in patients treated with this drug were lower than those observed in the acetazolamide and the control groups. Considering the lower risk of toxicity associated with topical administration, apraclonidine 0.5% seems to be preferable to oral acetazolamide in this postoperative setting.
authors.affiliation: 2nd School of Medicine Sant. Andrea Hospital, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. gianluca.scuderi@uniroma1.it
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scuderi
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Regine
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perdicchi
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mannino
authors.forename: Santi M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Recupero
mesh_terms: D000086:Acetazolamide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; C016986:apraclonidine; D003000:Clonidine; D000086:Acetazolamide