title: Alpha- and betapapillomavirus E6/E7 genes differentially modulate pro-inflammatory gene expression.
abstract: Keratinocytes, the target cell of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, can produce numerous cytokines and pro-inflammatory molecules which are important for the generation of an effective immune response. How this biological response, which involves the tumor stroma, is affected by the HPV oncoproteins within the epithelial cell itself is not clear. Here it is shown that oncoproteins of different HPV genotypes (alpha- versus beta-HPV genus) alter the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules in early passage primary human keratinocytes and the immortalized cell line HaCaT. HPV5 E6/E7 oncoproteins significantly induced interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression. By contrast, the same molecules were down-regulated or not modulated in HPV16 E6/E7 transduced keratinocytes. Interestingly, HPV38 oncoproteins expression resulted in a lower induction of pro-inflammatory molecules, resembling the behavior displayed by the mucosal carcinogenic HPV16. Finally, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression levels and nitric oxide (NO) production were induced at similar levels by all the HPV genotypes tested. These results further emphasize the different biological activities among HPV genotypes, and offer new insights into HPV-associated skin diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Microbiology, Medical School of Torino,Via Santena 9, 10126 Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Andrea
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mondini
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Azzimonti
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dell'Oste
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Germano
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gaudino
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Musso
authors.forename: Santo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Landolfo
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gariglio
mesh_terms: D052685:Alphapapillomavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D052686:Betapapillomavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D050725:Papillomavirus E7 Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; C068651:E6 protein, Human papillomavirus type 16; C487708:E6 protein, human papillomavirus type 5; D016209:Interleukin-8; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D050725:Papillomavirus E7 Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C059731:oncogene protein E7, Human papillomavirus type 16; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase