Gender specific tumour pharmacology--from kinetics to genetics.
Gender specific tumour pharmacology only started to awake interest in the mid-90s. The most advanced studies include gender specific fluoropyrimidine pharmacokinetics and basic levels of pharmacogenomics, but most pharmacogenetic questions have remained unanswered. Considering polymorphisms of relevant drug converting enzymes such as folate reductase, cytochrome P450 dependent oxidases, and UDP-glucuronyltransferase, we have to rely more on hypotheses than on facts. This very limited knowledge base on gender specific tumour pharmacology urgently needs to be expanded in randomized clinical trials, because only clinical evidence will provide the sound base necessary for its implementation in oncologic therapies.
Mader
Robert M
RM
Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. robert.mader@meduniwien.ac.at
D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics; D003579:Cytochrome Reductases / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013762:Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics
D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D013762:Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase; D003579:Cytochrome Reductases; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; D005472:Fluorouracil