Beneficial effects of LK-4, an analog of dextromethorphan on lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis in rats.
Dextromethorphan (DM), an anti-tussive agent, has been claimed to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in vitro. In our preliminary screening test, LK-4, an analog of DM, can afford more protection against circulatory failure induced by LPS than that of DM. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of LK-4 on sepsis induced by intravenous (i.v.) administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 10 mg/kg) in anesthetized Wistar rats and survival rate by intraperitoneal administration of LPS (70 mg/kg) in conscious ICR mice. Results demonstrated that posttreatment with LK-4 (3 and 5 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly attenuated the deleterious hemodynamic changes (e.g., hypotension and tachycardia) in rats treated with LPS. Meanwhile, LK-4 (3 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the elevation of plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha, as well as values of GOT and GPT, and BUN and creatinine caused by LPS. The induction of inducible NO synthase and the overproduction of NO and superoxide anions by LPS were also reduced by LK-4. Moreover, infiltration of neutrophils into the lungs and liver of rats 8 h after treatment with LPS was also reduced by LK-4. Furthermore, LK-4 increased the survival rate of mice insulted by toxic dose of LPS. In conclusion, the beneficial effects of LK-4 on LPS-induced sepsis result from its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. Thus, LK-4 can be potentially used as a therapeutic agent for sepsis in the future.
Jiau
Shyi-Shiaw
SS
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
Cheng
Pao-Yun
PY
Lee
Yen-Mei
YM
Huang
Wen-Hsin
WH
Ko
Ya-Fang
YF
Yen
Mao-Hsiung
MH
D000818:Animals; D003915:Dextromethorphan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D051381:Rats; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015996:Survival Rate
D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D003915:Dextromethorphan