title: A novel selective progesterone receptor modulator asoprisnil activates tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated signaling pathway in cultured human uterine leiomyoma cells in the absence of comparable effects on myometrial cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We previously demonstrated that asoprisnil, a selective progesterone receptor modulator, induces apoptosis of cultured uterine leiomyoma cells. This study was conducted to evaluate whether asoprisnil activates TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptotic pathway in cultured uterine leiomyoma and matching myometrial cells.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  After subculture in phenol red-free DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum for 120 h, cultured cells were stepped down to serum-free conditions for 24 h in the absence or presence of graded concentrations of asoprisnil. The levels of TRAIL signaling molecules and cellular inhibitors of apoptosis protein were assessed by Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TRAIL contents in untreated cultured leiomyoma cells were significantly (P < 0.01) lower compared with those in untreated cultured myometrial cells. There was no difference in death receptor (DR)4 and DR5 contents between the two types of cells. Asoprisnil treatment significantly (P < 0.05) increased TRAIL, DR4, and DR5 contents in cultured leiomyoma cells in a dose-dependent manner with a cleavage of caspase-8, -7, and -3, and decreased X-linked chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein contents. In cultured myometrial cells, however, asoprisnil treatment did not affect either TRAIL signaling molecule or cellular inhibitors of apoptosis protein contents. The concomitant treatment with 100 ng/ml P4 significantly (P < 0.05) reversed asoprisnil-induced increase in DR4 and cleaved poly(adenosine 5'-diphosphate-ribose) polymerase contents in cultured leiomyoma cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that asoprisnil induces apoptosis of cultured leiomyoma cells by activating TRAIL-mediated apoptotic pathway and down-regulating X-linked chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein levels in the absence of comparable effects on myometrial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jiayin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Deborah A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: DeManno
authors.forename: Kristof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chwalisz
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maruo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053179:Caspase 7 / Q000378:metabolism; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000378:metabolism; D004963:Estrenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009215:Myometrium / Q000166:cytology; D010091:Oximes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010120:Oxytocics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000378:metabolism; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004963:Estrenes; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D010091:Oximes; D010120:Oxytocics; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C105190:TNFRSF10A protein, human; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein; C496866:XIAP protein, human; C488516:asoprisnil; D053148:Caspase 3; D053179:Caspase 7; D053181:Caspase 8