title: Life-threatening thrombocytopenia and nephrotic syndrome due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis associated with pegylated interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin treatment for hepatitis C.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha)and ribavirin combination therapy for chronic infection with hepatitis C virus produces a number of well-described side effects. Combination therapy with pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) yields an adverse event profile similar to that observed with the standard IFN, although the frequency of certain adverse events may vary according to the preparation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the case of a 44-year-old man who was treated with ribavirin and PEG-IFN-alpha-2b for chronic hepatitis C and developed two rare side effects simultaneously on the 16th week of therapy: severe thrombocytopenia and nephrotic syndrome due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. The antiviral treatment was immediately interrupted and the patient received immunosuppressive therapy. He promptly recovered from the thrombocytopenia and partially and slowly from the nephrotic syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported of the development of such complications at the same time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. cacouto@uaivip.com.br
authors.forename: Cláudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alves Couto
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Costa Faria
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dias Ribeiro
authors.forename: Kátia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: de Paula Farah
authors.forename: Osvaldo Flávio
authors.initials: OF
authors.lastname: de Melo Couto
authors.forename: Teresa Cristina
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: de Abreu Ferrari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C417083:peginterferon alfa-2b