title: Detergents and chaotropes for protein solubilization before two-dimensional electrophoresis.
abstract: Because of the outstanding separating capabilities of two-dimensional electrophoresis for complete proteins, it would be advantageous to be able to apply it to all types of proteins. Unfortunately, severe solubility problems hamper the analysis of many classes of proteins, but especially membrane proteins. These problems arise mainly in the extraction and isoelectric focusing steps, and solutions are sought to improve protein solubility under the conditions prevailing during isoelectric focusing. These solutions deal mainly with chaotropes and new detergents, which are both able to enhance protein solubility. The input of these compounds in proteomics analysis of membrane proteins is discussed, as well as future directions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Immunologie, CEA, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rabilloud
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luche
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Santoni
authors.forename: Mireille
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chevallet
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000737:chemistry; D003902:Detergents / Q000737:chemistry*; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing / Q000379:methods; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D012995:Solubility; D012996:Solutions; D013890:Thiourea / Q000737:chemistry; D014508:Urea / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012996:Solutions; D014508:Urea; D013890:Thiourea