'To repair or not to repair - no longer a question': repair of mitochondrial DNA shielding against age and cancer.
The role of mitochondria in energy production and apoptosis is well known. The role of mitochondria and particularly the role of the mitochondria's own genome, mitochondrial (mt) DNA, in the process of ageing were postulated decades ago. However, this was discussed, debated and more or less disposed of. Recent data from elegant mouse models now confirm that mutations of mtDNA do indeed play a central and pivotal role in the ageing process. Newer reports also indicate a possible role of mtDNA mutations in the carcinogenesis of several organs. But is damaged mtDNA repaired, or is it simply degraded and discarded? This question appears to be answered now. According to recent data, mitochondria possess functional repair mechanisms such as base excision repair, double-strand break repair and mismatch repair, yet nucleotide excision repair has so far not been detected.
Berneburg
Mark
M
Molecular Oncology and Aging, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany. mark.berneburg@med.uni-tuebingen.de
Kamenisch
York
Y
Krutmann
Jean
J
Röcken
Martin
M
D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000502:physiology*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*
D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial