title: RhoB is frequently downregulated in non-small-cell lung cancer and resides in the 2p24 homozygous deletion region of a lung cancer cell line.
abstract: Identification of a homozygous deletion in cancer cells provides strong evidence for the location of a tumor suppressor gene (TSG). We analyzed the 2p24 homozygous deletion of a non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H2882, and found that the deletion size was 3.7 Mbp. Since RhoB, which has been suggested to be a candidate TSG, was located in this region, we analyzed RhoB for alterations in NSCLC. Although we found no mutations in 48 cell lines including 20 NSCLCs, a loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis in 128 primary NSCLCs showed that 25 of 62 informative samples had LOH at the RhoB locus. Northern blot analysis of 28 cell lines (including 15 NSCLCs) indicated that RhoB expression was downregulated in 27. We analyzed RhoB expression in 112 primary NSCLCs with immunohistochemistry and found no or a weak RhoB expression in 33 (42%) of 78 adenocarcinomas, whereas we found it in 29 (94%) of 31 squamous cell carcinomas. No or a weak expression of RhoB was more frequently observed in poorly- or moderately-differentiated adenocarcinomas than in well-differentiated ones (p = 0.0014). Furthermore, no or a weak expression of RhoB indicated a tendency to poor patient prognosis. Although hypermethylation was not found at the promoter region, the RhoB expression in NSCLC cell lines was induced by histone deacetylase inhibition, suggesting that RhoB downregulation may be due to histone modification. The present study demonstrates that RhoB expression is frequently downregulated in NSCLCs by multiple mechanisms, suggesting that RhoB is a candidate TSG for NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Naohito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagasaka
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Wentao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokoi
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Minna
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Osada
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sekido
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002889:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020743:rhoB GTP-Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; C012589:trichostatin A; D020743:rhoB GTP-Binding Protein