title: Interstitial lung disease in primary Sjögren syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) has been associated with various histologic patterns of interstitial lung disease (ILD).
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively identified 18 patients with pSS and suspected ILD who underwent lung biopsies (14 surgical biopsies and 9 bronchoscopic biopsies) at our institution during a 13-year period from 1992 through 2004. Histopathologic findings were analyzed and correlated with radiologic features and outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median age was 62 years (range, 34 to 78 years), and 15 patients (83%) were women. Most patients presented with dyspnea and cough. Chest radiographs demonstrated bilateral infiltrates, and high-resolution CT revealed abnormalities of various types including ground-glass, consolidation, reticular, and nodular opacities. The major histopathologic patterns included nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) [five patients], organizing pneumonia (OP) [four patients], usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) [three patients], lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (three patients), primary pulmonary lymphoma (two patients), and diffuse interstitial amyloidosis (one patient). In four patients (three with OP and one with amyloidosis), the diagnosis was established on transbronchial biopsy results. Treatment commonly included prednisone with or without another immunosuppressive agent. During the follow-up period (median, 38 months), most patients improved or remained stable except three patients with UIP, one patient with NSIP, and one patient with amyloidosis. Seven patients (39%) died, including three deaths from acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A variety of histologic patterns can be seen in patients with pSS-associated ILD. Those with UIP tended to have progression of lung disease. Death from acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia may occur in patients with pSS-associated ILD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Parambil
authors.forename: Jeffrey L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Rebecca M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lindell
authors.forename: Eric L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Matteson
authors.forename: Jay H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ryu
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000686:Amyloidosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D001706:Biopsy; D018450:Disease Progression; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones