title: [Immunohistochemical expression of p53, p21, p16, and cyclin D1 in superficial bladder cancer. A tissue microarray study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively assess the relationship between immunohistochemical expression of p53, p21, p16, and cyclin D1, with recurrence, progression and survival in superficial bladder cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  163 patients undergoing transurethral resection for superficial bladder cancer between February 1995 and March 2004. Tumor samples were included in a tissue microarray support that was serially sectioned for immunohistochemical staining. Grade and stage associations for each marker were evaluated by the Chi-square test. Assessment of the relationship with recurrence, progression, and survival Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences in marker expression depending on tumor grade and stage, with the exception of Cyclin D1, that was significantly different depending on tumor stage (p=0.030). p21 expression was related to tumor recurrence (p=0.035), progression (p=0.008) and survival (p=0.034). p16 expression was also related to recurrence (p=0.048) and survival (p=0.047), but not to tumor progression (p=0.116). p53 and Cyclin D1 were not statistically associated with tumor recurrence, progression or survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our experience, only p16 and p21 may be useful in the management of superficial bladder tumors, as they are predictors of recurrence and survival in Ta and T1 patients.
authors.affiliation: Servicio y Cátedra de Urología, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona-Universitat Pompeu Fabra. fvallmanya@imas.imim.es
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Vallmanya Llena
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laborda Rodríguez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lloreta Trull
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cortadellas Angel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Placer Santos
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mas Gelabert
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D019938:Cyclin D1