title: Neonatal exposure to epidermal growth factor induces dopamine D2-like receptor supersensitivity in adult sensorimotor gating.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Abnormality in the neurotrophic factor for dopamine neurons, epidermal growth factor (EGF), is associated with schizophrenia. Thus, rats treated with EGF as neonates are used as a putative animal model for schizophrenia showing impaired prepulse inhibition (PPI) and other cognitive deficits in the adult stage.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the abnormal behavioral traits of this animal model, the EGF effects on the dopaminergic system were analyzed pharmacologically and biochemically at the adult stage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We examined the effects of subthreshold doses of dopamine agonists on PPI in this model. A non-selective dopamine agonist, apomorphine (0.1 mg/kg), decreased PPI in EGF-treated rats, but not in controls. Further, a D(2)-like receptor agonist, quinpirole (0.01 and 0.03 mg/kg), similarly decreased PPI in EGF-treated rats but had no effect in the control animals. In contrast, a D(1)-like receptor agonist, SKF38393 (3 and 10 mg/kg), had no effect on PPI in both groups. To explore the molecular mechanism underlying the change in sensorimotor gating, we assessed D(1) and D(2) receptors expression in the prefrontal cortex, striatum and hippocampus and their downstream signaling. Although there were no significant differences in basal receptor levels, quinpirole administration significantly enhanced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in the striatum of EGF-treated rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that circulating EGF in the early development substantially influences D(2) receptor-dependent regulation of sensorimotor gating.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Asahimachi-dori 1-757, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sotoyama
authors.forename: Hisaaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Namba
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nawa
mesh_terms: D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001058:Apomorphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005684:Gait / Q000187:drug effects*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects*; D019257:Quinpirole / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D019257:Quinpirole; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D001058:Apomorphine