title: Stroke caused by human immunodeficiency virus-associated intracranial large-vessel aneurysmal vasculopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intracranial aneurysms related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been well described in pediatric patients but not in adults.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe a case of intracranial large-vessel aneurysmal vasculopathy causing stroke in a 27-year-old HIV-infected woman.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison of clinical and histological data with previously published cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  A referral hospital stroke unit. Patient A 27-year-old HIV-infected woman presenting with stroke; neuroimaging demonstrated fusiform aneurysmal dilation of the left internal carotid and the left middle cerebral artery and its branches.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Autopsy showed degeneration of the elastic lamina, myxoid degeneration, and medial atrophy, causing consequent ectasia of the involved intracranial vessels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aneurysmal dilation of the intracranial arteries occurs in HIV-infected adults, but the pathogenic role of HIV remains unknown.
authors.affiliation: Stroke Unit, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa. btipping@mweb.co.za
authors.forename: Brent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tipping
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Villiers
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Candy
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wainwright
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000821:virology