title: Dopamine D2 receptor binding in drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia examined with raclopride-C11 and positron emission tomography.
abstract: The aim was to test the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia in a further analysis of D(2)-like dopamine binding using the radioligand [(11)C]raclopride and high resolution 3-dimensional (3D) PET. Eighteen drug-naive patients with schizophrenia and seventeen control subjects were examined. The D(2) binding potential (BP) in the putamen, the caudate and the thalamus was calculated using the simplified reference tissue model. The volume of regions of interest was controlled for by MRI. Symptoms were rated with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS). No significant group differences were found for D(2) BP in the putamen or in the caudate and there was no significant hemispheric difference for any region. In the right thalamus the D(2) BP was significantly lower in patients as compared to control subjects, whereas a numerical difference did not reach statistical significance for the left thalamus. There was no significant correlation between D(2) BP and total PANSS score in any region. There was a highly significant age effect in the caudate and in the putamen, but not in the thalamus. In this relatively large PET study of exclusively drug-naive schizophrenic patients, a lower D(2) BP in the right thalamus was found in the patient group. This finding is in agreement with two previous studies in Sweden and in Japan using the high-affinity radioligand [(11)C]FLB 457 and provide further support for a role of dopamine in the thalamus related to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institute, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, Karolinska Hospital R4, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. mirjam.Talvik@ki.se
authors.forename: Mirjam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Talvik
authors.forename: Anna-Lena
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Nordström
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okubo
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Olsson
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Borg
authors.forename: Christer
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Halldin
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Farde
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011699:Putamen / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D020891:Raclopride / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012563:Schizophrenia, Paranoid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D013788:Thalamus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D020891:Raclopride