title: Clinical and serological study of myasthenia gravis in HuBei Province, China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ocular and childhood myasthenia gravis (MG) cases seem relatively more common in Oriental than in Caucasian populations, but there have been no comprehensive serological studies on patients from mainland China.
  
  
  METHODS
  391 unselected patients with MG attending Tongji Hospital in WuHan (the largest hospital in the province of HuBei, China) were studied during a 15-month period; most had already received treatment for their condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The male to female ratio was 0.8. 50% of the patients were children (<15 years), and age at onset showed a single peak at between 5 and 10 years of age. 64% of the children and 66% of the adults were positive for acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies but the antibody titres were lower than in similar Caucasian studies, although this was partly due to the high incidence of ocular MG. Of the 43 patients with generalised MG without AChR antibodies, only 1 had muscle-specific kinase antibodies (2.5%) and 2 had voltage-gated calcium channel antibodies indicating probable Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. 75% of the children, compared with only 28% of the adults, had ocular MG. Thymoma was evident by MRI in 1.5% of children and in 20% of adults. Despite most patients having received prednisone, very few had obtained full clinical remission.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study emphasises the frequency of early childhood onset with ocular symptoms and shows that many of these patients have AChR antibodies. By contrast, patients presenting in later age seem to be very uncommon in comparison with recent studies in Caucasian populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, WuHan, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Mingshan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jinzhi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bethan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vincent
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000276:immunology; D012744:Sex Ratio; D013945:Thymoma / Q000209:etiology; D013953:Thymus Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic