Measles vaccination of macaques by dry powder inhalation.
Measles vaccination via the aerosol route has proven effective under field conditions, using vaccine reconstituted prior to nebulization. Inhalation of a dry powder aerosol vaccine would have additional benefits, including easier logistics of administration, reduced cold chain dependence and the potential of single dose administration. We have evaluated two candidate dry powder measles vaccine formulations in macaques. Specific immune responses were demonstrated, but levels of immunity were lower than in animals vaccinated by injection or by nebulized aerosol. These studies provide proof of principle that dry powder inhalation is a possible route for measles vaccination, but suggest that either the vaccine formulation or the method of delivery need to be improved for a better immune response.
de Swart
Rik L
RL
Department of Virology, Erasmus MC, Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. r.deswart@erasmusmc.nl
LiCalsi
Cynthia
C
Quirk
Alan V
AV
van Amerongen
Geert
G
Nodelman
Vladislav
V
Alcock
Robert
R
Yüksel
Selma
S
Ward
Gary H
GH
Hardy
John G
JG
Vos
Helma
H
Witham
Clyde L
CL
Grainger
Christopher I
CI
Kuiken
Thijs
T
Greenspan
Bernard J
BJ
Gard
Trevor G
TG
Osterhaus
Albert D M E
AD
D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000770:Anesthesia, Endotracheal; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007267:Injections; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008457:Measles / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008459:Measles virus / Q000737:chemistry; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010316:Particle Size; D011208:Powders; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D011208:Powders; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated