title: Congenital talipes equinovarus: comparison of outcome between a prenatal diagnosis and a diagnosis after delivery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish the impact on outcome of prenatally versus postnatally detected talipes equinovarus (TEV).
  
  
  METHODS
  The prenatal group was represented by pregnancies with sonographically detected TEV of which 18 were isolated and 39 were complex. The postnatal group contained 64 infants with an isolated and 10 infants with a complex TEV detected at birth. Treatment consisted of redressement followed by surgical postero-lateral or postero-medial release at the University Paediatric Orthopaedic Centre. The postnatal isolated TEV group underwent redressement treatment at the University Centre (subset A, n = 39) or at a regional general hospital (subset B, n = 25).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For isolated TEV, statistically significant difference existed for the surgical procedure (p < 0.001), age at surgery (p < 0.01) and admission time (p < 0.001) between the prenatal and postnatal subset B and between the postnatal subsets A and B. For the complex TEV, no significant difference was found for these variables between the six surviving infants of the prenatal group and the postnatal group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prenatal detection of isolated TEV results in earlier and less complicated postnatal surgery and a shorter admission time, provided treatment is arranged at a paediatric orthopaedic centre. After prenatal detection of a complex TEV, survival is low and determined by associated anomalies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. t.cohen@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Cohen-Overbeek
authors.forename: E W M
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Grijseels
authors.forename: E A G
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Lammerink
authors.forename: W C J
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hop
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wladimiroff
authors.forename: A F M
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Diepstraten
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple; D000328:Adult; D003025:Clubfoot / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D018743:Perinatal Care; D011247:Pregnancy; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal