title: HIV-associated opportunistic infections. Bacterial infections.
abstract: Bacterial infections are the most common opportunistic infections in HIV. Since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the incidence of these infections is on the decline. However, globally there is a significant lack of access to care among HIV patients because of limited drug availability and cost of treatment. Furthermore, non-compliance and drug resistance can hinder viral suppression, predisposing patients to opportunistic infections. We review the major bacterial opportunistic infections in HIV positive patients including tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium complex infections, syphilis, bacterial enteric disease, bacterial pneumonia and bartonellosis. Epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis are also reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Wissam
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: El-Atrouni
authors.forename: Elie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berbari
authors.forename: Zelalem
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Temesgen
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D014943:Global Health; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D010349:Patient Compliance; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors