title: Endovascular treatment of the vertebral artery origin in patients with symptoms of vertebrobasilar ischemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We report our experience with the endovascular treatment of the vertebral artery origin in patients presenting with symptomatic vertebrobasilar ischemia and compare our results with those reported in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 25 patients, 28 procedures were performed. Patients presented with posterior circulation ischemic symptoms despite optimal medical therapy with antiplatelet drugs and had a digital subtraction angiogram demonstrating stenosis of the origin of the vertebral artery greater than 50%. Retrospective review of the medical records, clinical notes and radiologic-procedural reports was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 25 patients, 18 were male and 7 female. Their ages ranged from 50 to 84 years. In 23 of the 25 patients the contralateral vertebral artery was occluded, hypoplastic, absent, or had greater than 50% stenosis. In 13 of the 25 patients angiographic evidence of significant anterior circulation disease was demonstrated. In 18 of the 25 patients the left vertebral artery was affected. The mean stenosis was 82.6%. Follow-up records were available in 19 patients. The mean follow-up was 24 months. Five of the 19 patients had recurrent symptoms of vertebrobasilar ischemia and three patients were retreated. Of the 28 procedures performed, 23 were angioplasty/stenting and 5 were angioplasties alone. Overall technical success was achieved in 26 of the 28 procedures (92.8%). No procedure-related transient ischemic attack, stroke or death was noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endovascular treatment of the vertebral artery origin in this patient population is feasible, safe, and effective. There are some questions regarding the long-term follow-up and rate of restenosis and clinical recurrences that are yet to be answered.
authors.affiliation: Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 8131, 510 S. Kingshighway Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. gdabus@partners.org
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dabus
authors.forename: Ronald J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Gerstle
authors.forename: Colin P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Derdeyn
authors.forename: Dewitte T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Cross
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Moran
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014711:Vertebral Artery; D014715:Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors