title: Music therapy for in-patients with schizophrenia: exploratory randomised controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Music therapy may provide a means of improving mental health among people with schizophrenia, but its effects in acute psychoses have not been explored.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the feasibility of a randomised trial of music therapy for inpatients with schizophrenia, and explore its effects on mental health.
  
  
  METHODS
  Up to 12 weeks of individual music therapy plus standard care were compared with standard care alone. Masked assessments of mental health, global functioning and satisfaction with care were conducted at 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 115 eligible patients 81 (70%) were randomised. Two-thirds of those randomised to music therapy attended at least four sessions (median attendance, eight sessions). Multivariate analysis demonstrated a trend towards improved symptom scores among those randomised to music therapy, especially in general symptoms of schizophrenia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A randomised trial of music therapy for in-patients with schizophrenia is feasible. The effects and cost-effectiveness of music therapy for acute psychosis should be further explored in an explanatory randomised trial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, Claybrook Centre, St Dunstan's Road, London W6 8RP, UK.
authors.forename: Nakul
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Talwar
authors.forename: Mike J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maratos
authors.forename: Ula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Nur
authors.forename: Orii
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Procter
mesh_terms: D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009147:Music Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome