title: Corneal topographic features in a family with nanophthalmos.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the corneal topographic features in a family with nanophthalmos.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two observational case reports and a review of the literature. Corneal shape was analyzed using a topographic modeling system (TMS) and an Orbscan topographic system, with further analysis based on Fourier series and Zernicke polynomials. A control group was used for comparison.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two female family members with nanophthalmos belonging to the same generation showed significant irregular corneal astigmatism and corneal steepening.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Topographic corneal steepening and irregular astigmatism seems to be associated in 1 family with inherited nanophthalmos. Higher degrees of irregular astigmatism, which were not evident without a topographic analysis, may account, in part, for the unexplained visual reduction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Aintree University Hospitals, Liverpool, United Kingdom. sathish.srinivasan@gmail.com
authors.forename: Sathish
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Batterbury
authors.forename: Ian B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.forename: Anthony C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Willoughby
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Kaye
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001251:Astigmatism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D003315:Cornea / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology*; D019781:Corneal Topography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008850:Microphthalmos / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D010375:Pedigree; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D014792:Visual Acuity