title: Distress, psychiatric syndromes, and impairment of function in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Emotional distress and psychiatric syndromes are prevalent in the breast cancer population at large. However, to date there is a paucity of literature specifically concerning presurgical breast cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors assessed 236 newly diagnosed patients at the time of their presurgical consultation at the Comprehensive Breast Cancer Program of Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center in Lebanon, NH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of patients in this study, 41% rated their distress in the clinically significant range on the Distress Thermometer (ie, >5, 0-10 scale). Nearly one-half (47%) of patients met established thresholds for positivity on 1 or more screens for distress or psychiatric disorders. Prevalence rates were 11% for major depression (60% of these patients were moderately severe to severely depressed) and were 10% for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Emotional symptoms markedly interfered with daily function in both groups. Of depressed patients, 56% were already taking a psychotropic medication, yet they still met screening criteria for major depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Emotional distress and psychiatric syndromes (major depression and PTSD) were prevalent in this population. Markedly impaired function was evident for both depressed and PTSD patients. Future research should refine current screening procedures and develop interventions to better address emotional distress and psychiatric disorders in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA. t.hegel@dartmouth.edu
authors.forename: Mark T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Hegel
authors.forename: Caroline P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: E Dale
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kearing
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Gillock
authors.forename: Raine L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Riggs
authors.forename: Kate F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Clay
authors.forename: Tim A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Ahles
mesh_terms: D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D013577:Syndrome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology