title: [The effect of oral glucose on pain relief in newborns].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was done to provide data for a nursing intervention to alleviate newborn pain clinically by investigating the effect of oral glucose.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were newborns hospitalized in the nursery. Informed consent was obtained from parents of 60 newborns. A heel stick was carried out for a test on 3 groups; the experimental, placebo, and control group. The Neonatal infant pain scale(NIPS), respiration rate, heart rate, peripheral oxygen partial pressure(SpO2), and crying duration were measured to assess pain reaction. All neonatal behaviors were recorded on videotape.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences in pain behavior during stimulus(F=4.195, p=.020), pain behavior immediately after blood-sampling (F=4.114, p=.021), and pain behavior 3 minutes after that (F=3.630, p=.033). However, there were no significant differences in heart rate, respiration rate, peripheral oxygen partial pressure or crying duration after the heel stick among the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral administration of glucose before a heel stick caused the reduction of neonatal pain behavior, which means that it has an effect of pain relief.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Eulji University, 143-5 Yongdoo-Dong, Jung-Gu, Daejeon City, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Me-Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Myung Haeng
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hur
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006365:Heel; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D017283:Neonatal Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D010092:Oximetry; D010146:Pain / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010919:Placebos; D011677:Punctures / Q000009:adverse effects; D012119:Respiration; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D005947:Glucose