title: Genetic influences on the overlap between low IQ and antisocial behavior in young children.
abstract: The well-documented relation between the phenotypes of low IQ and childhood antisocial behavior could be explained by either common genetic influences or environmental influences. These competing explanations were examined through use of the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study 1994-1995 cohort (Moffitt & the E-Risk Study Team, 2002) of 1,116 twin pairs and their families. Children's IQ was assessed via individual testing at age 5 years. Mothers and teachers reported on children's antisocial behavior at ages 5 and 7 years. Low IQ was related to antisocial behavior at age 5 years and predicted relatively higher antisocial behavior scores at age 7 years when antisocial behavior at age 5 years was controlled. This association was significantly stronger among boys than among girls. Genetic influences common to both phenotypes explained 100% of the low IQ-antisocial behavior relation in boys. Findings suggest that specific candidate genes and neurobiological processes should be tested in relation to both phenotypes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Society, Human Development, and Health and Epidemiology.
authors.forename: Karestan C
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3293-4281
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Koenen
authors.affiliation: Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre.
authors.forename: Avshalom
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caspi
authors.affiliation: Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre.
authors.forename: Terrie E
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8589-6760
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Moffitt
authors.affiliation: Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre.
authors.forename: Fruhling
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rijsdijk
authors.affiliation: Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012931:Social Environment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014427:Twins / Q000235:genetics