title: Mycobacterium monacense sp. nov.
abstract: Four bacterial strains were isolated from independent clinical specimens in different countries and their genotypic and phenotypic characters support their classification in a novel species within the genus Mycobacterium. One strain was clearly responsible for a severe, post-traumatic wound infection in a healthy boy. The novel species, for which the name Mycobacterium monacense sp. nov. is proposed, is yellow-pigmented, non-photochromogenic and grows in less than a week on solid medium. Based on phenotypic investigations alone, distinction of these four strains from known scotochromogenic rapidly growing strains is problematic. However, the novel strains differ from any other mycobacterium in each of the molecular species markers investigated: the 16S rRNA gene, the 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer and the hsp65 gene. Of the strains investigated, two different sequevars were detected for the hsp65 region. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these four strains were most closely related to Mycobacterium doricum. The type strain of Mycobacterium monacense sp. nov. is B9-21-178T (=DSM 44395T=CIP 109237T).
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Udo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Reischl
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Melzl
authors.affiliation: DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Reiner M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kroppenstedt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miethke
authors.affiliation: Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit (LGL), Oberschleißheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Ludmila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Naumann
authors.affiliation: Cytogenetics and Genetics Unit, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.|Mycobacteriology Reference Center, Microbiology Laboratory, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mariottini
authors.affiliation: Microbiological and Virological Serum-Immunology Laboratory, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.|Mycobacteriology Reference Center, Microbiology Laboratory, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mazzarelli
authors.affiliation: Mycobacteriology Reference Center, Microbiology Laboratory, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tortoli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D018833:Chaperonins / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000382:microbiology*; D009171:Mycolic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D014946:Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D009171:Mycolic Acids; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C074119:heat-shock protein 65, Mycobacterium; D018833:Chaperonins