Association study of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene and its 1A receptor gene with methamphetamine dependence.
Recent preclinical findings that repeated treatment with methamphetamine (METH) induced an increase in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA in some brain regions and that TNF-alpha blocked METH neurotoxicity and rewarding effects suggest TNF-alpha, a multifunctional pro-inflammatory cytokine, may be involved in METH dependence. We hypothesized that genetic polymorphisms of the TNF-alpha gene and its receptor genes may be associated with vulnerability to METH dependence. Genetic association of -308G>A and -857C>T in the promotor region of the TNF-alpha gene, and 36A>G in exon 1 of the TNF receptor 1A gene (TNFR-SF1A), were analyzed in patients with METH dependence (n = 185) and healthy controls (n = 221) in a Japanese population. No significant association of alleles or haplotypes of the TNF-alpha or TNFR-SF1A genes with METH dependence was found. Neither was any significant association of clinical phenotype with METH dependence found. These results suggest that genetic variations in the TNF-alpha gene and its receptor genes may not be involved in individual vulnerability to METH dependence.
Nomura
A
A
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
Ujike
H
H
Tanaka
Y
Y
Kishimoto
M
M
Otani
K
K
Morita
Y
Y
Morio
A
A
Harano
M
M
Inada
T
T
Yamada
M
M
Komiyama
T
T
Hori
T
T
Sekine
Y
Y
Iwata
N
N
Sora
I
I
Iyo
M
M
Ozaki
N
N
Kuroda
S
S
D000328:Adult; D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000235:genetics*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
D015259:Dopamine Agents; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D008694:Methamphetamine