Wheat-fibre-induced changes of postprandial peptide YY and ghrelin responses are not associated with acute alterations of satiety.
Weight gain and risk of type 2 diabetes are inversely associated with a high intake of insoluble cereal fibres. Because nutrient-induced changes of 'satiety hormones' from the gut may play a role in this process, we evaluated the effects of purified insoluble fibres on postprandial responses of plasma peptide YY (PYY), serum ghrelin and satiety as secondary outcome measures of a study investigating effects of cereal fibres on parameters of glucose metabolism. Fourteen healthy women were studied on six occasions in a randomized, single-blind, controlled crossover design. After 24 h run-in periods and 10 h overnight fasts, subjects ingested isoenergetic and macronutrient matched portions of control white bread or fibre-enriched bread (wheat-fibre or oat-fibre) at 08.15 hours. Gut hormones and hunger scores were measured for 300 min. Basal PYY and ghrelin concentrations were not different between the test meals (P>0.15). Postprandial responses of PYY and ghrelin were blunted after the intake of wheat-fibre (total area under the curve (AUC) PYY, 177.9 (SEM 8.1) (pmol/l) min; P=0.016; ghrelin 51.0 (SEM 2.5) (pmol/l) min; P=0.003), but not after oat-fibre (PYY 226.7 (SEM 25.7) (pmol/l) min; P>0.15; ghrelin 46.2 (SEM 1.6) (pmol/l) min; P=0.127), compared to control (PYY 247.5 (SEM 25.6) (pmol/l) min; ghrelin 42.5 (SEM 1.3) (pmol/l) min). Postprandial hunger scores were unaffected by the different test meals (P>0.15). Thus, oat- and wheat-fibre consumption result in different postprandial responses of PYY and ghrelin, but interestingly do not differ in satiety effects.
Weickert
Martin O
MO
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charité-University-Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany. m.weickert@mail.dife.de
Spranger
Joachim
J
Holst
Jens J
JJ
Otto
Bärbel
B
Koebnick
Corinna
C
Möhlig
Matthias
M
Pfeiffer
Andreas F H
AF
D018554:Avena; D001939:Bread; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D054439:Ghrelin; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger / Q000502:physiology; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000097:blood*; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000502:physiology*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014908:Triticum
D004043:Dietary Fiber; D054439:Ghrelin; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D019894:Peptide YY