title: Development of a pheromone trap monitoring system for orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana, in the UK.
abstract: Field-trapping experiments with synthetic 2,7-nonadiyl dibutyrate, the female-produced sex pheromone of the orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin), demonstrated that pheromone traps were highly attractive to males and caught very few non-target organisms. Different formulations of pheromone were tested to identify the optimum release rate and dispenser type for use in pheromone traps in the UK. Key findings were that racemic pheromone was as effective as enantiomerically pure (2S,7R)-2,7-nonadiyl dibutyrate, that release rates higher than 0.5 microg day(-1) were not necessary and that the optimal formulation was a 1 mg pheromone loading in a rubber septum. Pheromone traps gave a reliable indication of peak midge emergence, onset of flight and abundance of midges throughout the season. A strong correlation between maximum trap catch and crop infestation levels was obtained.
authors.affiliation: Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK. toby.bruce@bbsrc.ac.uk
authors.forename: Toby J A
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Bruce
authors.forename: Antony M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hooper
authors.forename: Lynda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ireland
authors.forename: Owen T
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Janet L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Lesley E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Smart
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oakley
authors.forename: Lester J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wadhams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004175:Diptera; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010571:Pest Control / Q000379:methods*; D012408:Rubber; D012724:Sex Attractants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D014908:Triticum / Q000469:parasitology; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D012724:Sex Attractants; D012408:Rubber