Vegetable oils affect the composition of lipoproteins in sea bream (Sparus aurata).
The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of the dietary fatty acid profile on the lipoprotein composition in sea bream fed different vegetable oils. Six experimental diets were formulated combining fish oil with three vegetable oils (soybean, rapeseed, linseed) in order to obtain 60-80 % (w/w) fish-oil replacement. VLDL, LDL and HDL in plasma samples were obtained by sequential centrifugal flotation. The lipid class, protein content and fatty acid composition of each lipoprotein fraction were analysed. HDL was the predominant lipoprotein in sea bream plasma containing the highest proportion of protein (34 %) and phosphatidylcholine. LDL presented a high content of cholesterol, whereas triacylglycerol comprised a larger proportion of VLDL. The lipid class of the lipoprotein fractions was affected by the dietary vegetable oils. Thus, a high dietary inclusion of soyabean and linseed oil (80 %) increased the cholesterol in HDL and LDL in comparison to fish oil. Similarly, the triacylglycerol concentration of VLDL was increased in fish fed 80 % soyabean and linseed oils owing to the low n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid content of these diets. Lipoprotein fatty acid composition easily responded to dietary fatty acid composition. VLDL was the fraction more affected by dietary fatty acid, followed by LDL and HDL. The n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid content increased in the order VLDL less than LDL and less than HDL, regardless of dietary vegetable oils.
Caballero
Maria José
MJ
Department of Comparative Pathology, Trasmontaña, s/n, 35416 Arucas, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain. mcaballero@dmor.ulpgc.es
Torstensen
Bente E
BE
Robaina
Lidia
L
Montero
Daniel
D
Izquierdo
Marisol
M
D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008043:Linseed Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000032:analysis; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D021541:Sea Bream / Q000378:metabolism*; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D014280:Triglycerides; D013024:Soybean Oil; D008043:Linseed Oil; D002784:Cholesterol