title: Substance use and treatment seeking in young offenders on community orders.
abstract: Both international and Australian studies reveal very low rates of treatment utilization for substance abuse among young offenders despite very high problematic rates of substance abuse among this group. The current study reports on substance use patterns of a representative sample of 712 young offenders serving community orders with the New South Wales Department of Juvenile Justice (Australia) and their history of and attitudes toward treatment. Most (87%) young offenders had used marijuana, and 47% had used amphetamines in the last 12 months. One third of the sample reported problematic use of alcohol (being drunk at least weekly, on average). Forty-three percent reported that they engaged in crime to maintain their substance use. On the substance abuse scale of the Adolescent Psychopathology Scale-Short Form, 36.4% of the sample fell into the moderate to severe problem range. Despite such problems, treatment motivation was poor: 10% reported willingness to access treatment for their drug problems. Eighteen percent reported accessing some form of treatment in the past; the most common form of help seeking was approaching their family (12%). Self-reported access to other drug treatments was even lower, with the more intensive treatments revealing low rates of treatment completion. Despite almost 40% of the sample revealing significant substance abuse problems, referral for treatment was also low, with only 18% of the sample being offered an appointment with juvenile justice drug and alcohol workers. This study reveals the gap between awareness of problematic drug use and treatment-seeking behavior, and has implications for improving outreach to young offenders with substance abuse problems.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia. c.lennings@fhs.usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: Christopher John
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lennings
authors.forename: Dianna T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Kenny
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D001364:Awareness; D002648:Child; D003156:Community Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003415:Crime / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D009517:New South Wales; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010352:Patient Dropouts / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation