title: Studies on the tryptophan requirement of lactating sows. Part 1: Estimation of the tryptophan requirement by performance.
abstract: Mature sows were evenly assigned to six dietary treatments, which differed only in the concentration of total (apparent ileal digestible, AID) tryptophan (Trp) amounting per kg feed to 1.2 g (0.8 g) to 4.2 g (3.8 g) in diets 1-6. For a total of 72 lactations (28 days) sows' feed intake was measured daily and body weight was measured on day 110 of pregnancy and on days 1 and 28 of lactation. Litter size was standardized to 10-12 piglets within 1 week after farrowing. The piglets were weighed at days 1, 21 and 28. Milk yield was recorded by the weigh-suckle-weigh method on days 20 and 21. Concentrations of milk fat and protein were measured in manually drawn samples (days 20 and 21) by infrared spectroscopy. Average daily feed intake of the sows was 3.4, 4.7, 4.7, 6.1, 5.1 and 4.7 kg (diets 1-6 respectively, p < 0.001). Body weight losses of the sows during lactation were 30.8, 16.9, 19.2, 9.5, 14.1 and 13.1 kg (diets 1-6 respectively, p < 0.05). Milk output in the average of days 20 and 21 was 6840, 8192, 8362, 9035, 8618 and 8140 g/day, respectively (p < 0.01). There were no differences in milk fat or protein contents. Daily weight gain of the piglets in the average of lactation was 157, 184, 184, 187, 185 and 177 g, respectively (p < 0.10). Based on the results of this study the estimated Trp requirement of lactating sows for optimal performance was calculated with 1.9 g AID Trp/kg in the lactation diet (according to 2.0 g true ileal digestible Trp and approximately 2.6 g Trp on total basis).
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Paulicks
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Pampuch
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Roth-Maier
mesh_terms: D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008098:Litter Size; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000502:physiology; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D014364:Tryptophan