title: Surface modification of titanium with hydrothermal treatment at high pressure.
abstract: Surface modification of titanium was investigated by means of hydrothermal treatment with a maximum pressure of 6.3 MPa (280 degrees C temperature) in CaO solution or water to improve bioactivity and biocompatibility. As a result, calcium titanate was formed on the titanium surface. Moreover, titanium oxide and titanium hydroxide layers on the surface increased as temperature and pressure increased. The surface-modified titanium was also immersed in a simulated body fluid (SBF) to estimate its bioactivity. Needle-like apatite precipitation was observed on all hydrothermal-treated titanium surfaces after immersion in SBF for four weeks. In particular, the apatite precipitation of titanium treated with 6.3 MPa in CaO solution was clearer and larger in amount than those of all other hydrothermal-treated specimens. Further, the amount of precipitate corresponded to the thickness of the surface-modified layer and the amount of calcium in the surface layer. The results suggested that surface modification of titanium with high-pressure hydrothermal treatment seemed to improve bioactivity and biocompatibility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Health Biosciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Japan.
authors.forename: Razia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kon
authors.forename: Luciana M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Hirakata
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fujihara
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asaoka
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010087:Oxides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011312:Pressure; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003764:Dental Materials; D010087:Oxides; D014867:Water; C016538:lime; D014025:Titanium