title: Prevalence and clinical presentations of atypical pathogens infection in community acquired pneumonia in Thailand.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of atypical pneumonia and clinical presentations in patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP).
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective multi-centered study was performed in patients aged > or = 2 years with the diagnosis of CAP who were treated at seven governmental hospitals in Bangkok from December 2001 to November 2002. The diagnosis of current infection was based on > or = 4 fold rise in antibody sera or persistently high antibody titers together with the presence of DNA of M. pneumoniae or C. pneumoniae in respiratory secretion or antigen of L. pneumophila in the urine. Clinical presentations were compared between patients with atypical pneumonia and unspecified pneumonia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 292 patients, 18.8% had current infection with atypical respiratory pathogens (M. pneumoniae 14.0%, C. pneumoniae 3.4%, L. pneumophila 0.4% and mixed infection 1.0%). Only age at presentation was significantly associated with atypical pneumonia in adults, while absence of dyspnea, lobar consolidation, and age > or = 5 years were significant findings for atypical pneumonia in children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study confirms the significance of atypical pathogens in adults and children. Moreover lobar consolidation is likely to predict atypical pneumonia in childhood CAP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Rd, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. fmednph@md2.md.chula.ac.th
authors.forename: Nuanchan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Prapphal
authors.forename: Subharee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suwanjutha
authors.forename: Pravin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Durongkaveroj
authors.forename: Sorasak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lochindarat
authors.forename: Mongkol
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kunakorn
authors.forename: Jitladda
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deerojanawong
authors.forename: Teerachai
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chantarojanasiri
authors.forename: Yingsak
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Supanitayaonon
authors.forename: Pisit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Janedittakarn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016993:Chlamydophila pneumoniae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016952:Legionella pneumophila / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009177:Mycoplasma pneumoniae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011019:Pneumonia, Mycoplasma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology