Secondary individual prevention of occupational skin diseases in health care workers, cleaners and kitchen employees: aims, experiences and descriptive results.
OBJECTIVE
Due to increased occupational dermatoses in certain professions such as health care workers (HCW), cleaning and kitchen employees (CKE), measures of prevention and skin protection are of high significance. Skin protection courses focus on educational aims (e.g. improving skin care habits, influencing the participants' attitudes towards health) and medical aims (e.g. optimising diagnostic procedures, complementing individual therapy).


METHODS
Participants are patients who have been suspected to suffer from an occupational skin disease and are insured with the German Accident Prevention & Insurance Association (BGW). Teaching units of the skin protection courses focus on basics of skin functioning and important aspects of occupational skin diseases. Practical parts include information and instructions about the correct implementation of skin protection, skin care and skin cleansing. Every participant is seen by a dermatologist obtaining a precise patient's history and performing a skin examination. All this results in working out individually adapted and professional skin protection strategies.


RESULTS
In total, 791 participants (93 men and 698 women) completed the skin protections courses. Six hundred and sixty-seven patients (mean age: 36.9 years, SD = 11.6) were HCW and 124 patients (mean age: 40.4 years, SD = 10.8) were CKE. In HCW 82.5% (n = 550) and in CKE 86.3% (n = 107) suffered from hand eczema of the atopic, irritant or allergic type. Irritant contact dermatitis as a single diagnosis was the most frequent one in both groups (HCW: 34.5.%, n = 230; CKE: 49.2% n = 61). According to regularly performed evaluations, the participants rated the course as good to excellent. Nearly 80% of the participants had skin lesions while attending the course, in 27% the dermatosis was severe.


CONCLUSIONS
There is a high need for health education, advisory services, diagnostics and additional therapy in occupational dermatology. Prevention of occupational skin diseases and maintenance of health through educational programmes are important complementary measures for dermatological care but still missing in endangered professions.
Weisshaar
Elke
E
Department of Clinical Social Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Thibautstrasse 3, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. elke.Weisshaar@med.uni-heidelberg.de
Radulescu
Magdalena
M
Soder
Stefanie
S
Apfelbacher
Christian J
CJ
Bock
Michael
M
Grundmann
Jens-Uwe
JU
Albrecht
Ursel
U
Diepgen
Thomas L
TL
D000328:Adult; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005521:Food Service, Hospital; D005858:Germany; D006266:Health Education; D006282:Health Personnel; D006797:Housekeeping, Hospital; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure