title: CD14 C (-260)T polymorphism, atherosclerosis, elderly: role of cytokines and metallothioneins.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CD14 receptor is a mediator of the inflammatory response to bacterial products. A functional polymorphism in the promoter of the CD14 gene (CD14 C-260T) was associated with coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis albeit with conflicting data.
  
  
  METHODS
  To better clarify the role of CD14 in atherosclerosis, we typed CD14 C-260T polymorphism in old Italian (Central of Italy) atherosclerotic patients with carotid stenosis related to lipid assessment, inflammation (soluble CD14, IL-6 serum levels) and IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-10, Metallothioneins (MT) gene expressions in carotid plaques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was an increased frequency of TT homozygotes in patients when compared to controls [26% vs. 13.5%, odds ratio=2.25 (95% C.I., 1.23-4.09, p=0.0082) (Fisher's Exact test)]. Subjects with TT genotype showed a significant increase of soluble CD14 and enhanced MT2A, IL-6, TNF-alpha and decreased IL-10 gene expressions within the carotid plaques. On the basis of lipid assessment, hypercholesterolemic -260TT CD14 patients displayed lower HDL cholesterol and higher triglyceride than did CT and CC carriers. Using Pearson's correlation, a high MT2A expression was associated with high IL-6, TNF-alpha, sCD14 and thereby with severe chronic inflammation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data provide insight into the pathogenetic role of the CD14 C-260T polymorphism in atherosclerosis as -260TT genotype may favour increased inflammation in atheroma promoting possible worsening atherosclerosis, at least in Central of Italy elderly population. Further studies are in progress in cohorts from different European geographic area (Zincage project).
authors.affiliation: Immunolgy Center (Section Nutrition, Immunity and Ageing) Research Department INRCA, Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Robertina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giacconi
authors.forename: Calogero
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lio
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muti
authors.forename: Catia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cipriano
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Costarelli
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Saba
authors.forename: Nazzarena
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gasparini
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malavolta
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mocchegiani
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000502:physiology*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D008668:Metallothionein; D002784:Cholesterol