title: Synergistic interactions of the antiretroviral protease inhibitors saquinavir and ritonavir with chloroquine and mefloquine against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro.
abstract: The antimalarial activity of several antiretroviral protease inhibitor combinations was investigated. Data demonstrate that ritonavir and saquinavir behave synergistically with chloroquine and mefloquine. These data, and interactions with pepstatin-A, E-64, and bestatin, suggest that human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors do not target digestive-vacuole plasmepsins.
authors.affiliation: University of Queensland, Department of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia. tinaS@qimr.edu.au
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Skinner-Adams
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Melville
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Gardiner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy; D015767:Mefloquine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects*; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019258:Saquinavir / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D002738:Chloroquine; D019258:Saquinavir; D019438:Ritonavir; D015767:Mefloquine