title: Process analytical technology in the pharmaceutical industry: a toolkit for continuous improvement.
abstract: Process analytical technology (PAT) refers to a series of tools used to ensure that quality is built into products while at the same time improving the understanding of processes, increasing efficiency, and decreasing costs. It has not been widely adopted by the pharmaceutical industry. As the setting for this paper, the current pharmaceutical manufacturing paradigm and PAT guidance to date are discussed prior to the review of PAT principles and tools, benefits, and challenges. The PAT toolkit contains process analyzers, multivariate analysis tools, process control tools, and continuous improvement/knowledge management/information technology systems. The integration and implementation of these tools is complex, and has resulted in uncertainty with respect to both regulation and validation. The paucity of staff knowledgeable in this area may complicate adoption. Studies to quantitate the benefits resulting from the adoption of PAT within the pharmaceutical industry would be a valuable addition to the qualitative studies that are currently available.
authors.affiliation: Food Safety and Quality Assurance, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Bradley
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wilcock
mesh_terms: D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004345:Drug Industry / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000639:trends*; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry; D011786:Quality Control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018511:Systems Integration; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations