Receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase from stem cells to mature glial cells of the central nervous system.
The cornerstone of cell signaling is largely based on the phosphorylation state that is defined by the equilibrium of the activity of protein kinases and protein phosphatases. The role of protein tyrosine kinases in brain development, brain tumors, and neurodegenerative diseases was studied extensively, yet, the importance of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) in the development of glial cells was somewhat neglected. In this review, we have summarized recent findings of PTP expression during development of the central nervous system and the different cell types of the brain, from stem cells to mature glial cells, and highlighted the potential role of these enzymes in neuronal stem cell development, glioblastomas, and myelination.
Lamprianou
Smaragda
S
Institut Pasteur, Department of Neuroscience, 75724 Paris, France.
Harroch
Sheila
S
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000201:enzymology; D016543:Central Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology; D002642:Chick Embryo; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000201:enzymology; D005910:Glioma / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000502:physiology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000201:enzymology; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D014714:Vertebrates / Q000378:metabolism; D014981:Xenopus
D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases