title: Increased levels of air pollution and a decrease in the human and mouse male-to-female ratio in São Paulo, Brazil.
abstract: A significant negative association (R(2) = 0.7642; P=.013) between particulate matter and secondary sex ratio was found when evaluating people in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. An animal model with male mice raised in nonfiltered open-top chambers showed a significant reduction in the secondary sex ratio (P=.041), suggesting that ambient air pollution may interfere with sex distribution by altering the X:Y sperm proportion in pollution-exposed males.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. anajulia@lim05.fm.usp.br <anajulia@lim05.fm.usp.br>
authors.forename: Ana Julia F C
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lichtenfels
authors.forename: Joabner B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: Patrícia C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Pieri
authors.forename: Simone G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: El Khouri Miraglia
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hallak
authors.forename: Paulo H N
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Saldiva
mesh_terms: D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002947:Cities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D012744:Sex Ratio; D013223:Statistics as Topic