title: Dendritic cell-mediated HIV-1 transmission to T cells of LAD-1 patients is impaired due to the defect in LFA-1.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dendritic cells (DC) have been proposed to mediate sexual HIV-1 transmission by capturing the virus in the mucosa and subsequently presenting it to CD4+ T cells. We have demonstrated before that DC subsets expressing higher levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) are better HIV-1 transmitters. ICAM-1 binds leukocyte function-associated molecule-1 (LFA-1) on T cells, an integrin responsible for adhesion and signaling at the immunological synapse. To corroborate the importance of the ICAM-1- LFA-1 interaction, we performed transmission experiments to LFA-1 negative leukocytes from Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency type 1 (LAD-1) patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We clearly show that DC-mediated HIV-1 transmission to LAD-1 T cells is impaired in comparison to healthy controls. Furthermore, HIV-1 transmission to T cells from a unique LAD-1 patient with a well characterized LFA-1 activation defect was impaired as well, demonstrating that activation of LFA-1 is crucial for efficient transmission. Decreased cell adhesion between DC and LAD-1 T cells could also be illustrated by significantly smaller DC-T cell clusters after HIV-1 transmission.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By making use of LFA-1 defect cells from unique patients, this study provides more insight into the mechanism of HIV-1 transmission by DC. This may offer new treatment options to reduce sexual transmission of HIV-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. info@feddegroot.nl
authors.forename: Fedde
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Groot
authors.forename: Taco W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kuijpers
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Berkhout
authors.forename: Esther C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: de Jong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D018370:Leukocyte-Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1