title: Local production and provision of ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) spread for the treatment of severe childhood malnutrition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) spread has been shown to be very effective in the rehabilitation of severely malnourished children and facilitates home-based therapy of these children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe how RUTF spread can be manufactured on a variety of production scales. PRINCIPLES OF PRODUCTION: RUTF spread is an edible lipid-based paste that is energy dense, resists bacterial contamination, and requires no cooking. The primary production principles include grinding all ingredients to a particle size < 200 microns, producing the food without the introduction of water, and embedding the protein and carbohydrate components of the food into the lipid matrix. The most widely used RUTF spread is a mixture of milk powder, sugar, vegetable oil, peanut butter, vitamins, and minerals. SCALE OF PRODUCTION: RUTF spread can be produced in quantities sufficient to treat several hundred children using a planetary mixer in a clinic. Production of larger quantities of RUTF spread can be achieved in partnership with local food companies. Production sufficient to meet the needs of several thousand children can be achieved with a dedicated production facility using technology appropriate for use in the developing world. Care must be taken to avoid aflatoxin contamination, and quality control testing of the product is essential.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RUTF spread can be safely and easily produced in small or large quantities in most settings worldwide. The local availability of the necessary ingredients limits its use in some settings, and further investigation of alternative ingredients is needed to overcome this limitation.
authors.affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA. manary@kids.wustl.edu
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Manary
mesh_terms: D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005524:Food Technology; D005527:Food, Fortified / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D044623:Nutrition Therapy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome