title: Biochemical analysis of human breast tissues using Fourier-transform Raman spectroscopy.
abstract: We employ Fourier-transform Raman spectroscopy to study normal and tumoral human breast tissues, including several subtypes of cancers. We analyzed 194 Raman spectra from breast tissues that were separated into 9 groups according to their corresponding histopathological diagnosis. The assignment of the relevant Raman bands enabled us to connect the several kinds of breast tissues (normal and pathological) to their corresponding biochemical moieties alterations and distinguish among 7 groups: normal breast, fibrocystic condition, duct carcinoma in situ, duct carcinoma in situ with necrosis, infiltrating duct carcinoma not otherwise specified, colloid infiltrating duct carcinoma, and invasive lobular carcinomas. We were able to establish the biochemical basis for each spectrum, relating the observed peaks to specific biomolecules that play a special role in the carcinogenesis process. This work is very useful for the premature optical diagnosis of a broad range of breast pathologies. We noticed that we were not able to differentiate inflammatory and medullary duct carcinomas from infiltrating duct carcinoma not otherwise specified.
authors.affiliation: University of the Valley of Paraíba, Institute of Research and Development-IP&D, Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata Andrade
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bitar
authors.forename: Herculano da Silva
authors.initials: Hda S
authors.lastname: Martinho
authors.forename: Carlos Julio
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Tierra-Criollo
authors.forename: Leandra Náira
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Zambelli Ramalho
authors.forename: Mário Mourão
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Netto
authors.forename: Airton Abrahão
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D001671:Biochemistry / Q000379:methods; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins