title: Carpal tunnel syndrome and ulnar neuropathy at the elbow in floor cleaners.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the occurrence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE) in a cohort of floor cleaners and to check differences between workers with and without CTS.
  
  
  METHODS
  All female floor cleaners of three major hospitals in Tuscany (Italy) were contacted. Clinical and electrophysiological severity of CTS and UNE were evaluated with standardized scales and symptoms were assessed with the self-administered Boston Questionnaire (BQ); demographic and non-occupational factors and durations of current and previous occupations were recorded. Univariate analysis of risk factors was performed in workers with and without CTS. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the capacity of independent variables to predict CTS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of a total of 179 cleaners, 145 (81%)-mean age 39.6 years (20-64 years)-were enrolled in the study; 70 (48%) had CTS (diagnosis based on clinical and electrophysiological findings). BQ symptom and hand function scores were anomalous in 108 (74%) and 84 (58%) subjects, respectively. UNE was detected in 7/103 women. Univariate analysis showed that cleaners with CTS were older, had greater BMI and longer exposure to cleaning with previous employers than those without CTS. In the logistic regression, the only predictor of CTS was cleaning with previous employers (O.R. 12.1, 95% CI 3-49.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate a high occurrence of CTS in floor cleaners; UNE is less frequent than CTS, presumably due to repetitive movements that stress wrists more than elbows. The only predictive factor of CTS was cleaning as an occupation with previous employers. Therefore, the actual risk factor for CTS could not be cleaning per se, but how this job is performed.
authors.affiliation: EMG Service ASL 7, Via Pian d'Ovile, 9, 53100 Siena, Italy. m.mondelli@usl7.toscana.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mondelli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grippo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mariani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baldasseroni
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ansuini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ballerini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bandinelli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Graziani
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Luongo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Manescalchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pellegrini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sgarrella
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giannini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002349:Carpal Tunnel Syndrome / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004550:Elbow / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000502:physiology; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011826:Radial Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014459:Ulnar Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology; D020424:Ulnar Neuropathies / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology