title: [Favourable long-term results using the unmodified maze procedure in patients with medication-refractory or nearly refractory atrial fibrillation; experience from 1993/'04].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the short- and long-term results following the unmodified maze procedure in patients with medication-refractory or nearly refractory atrial fibrillation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively collected and analysed preoperatively in-hospital and follow-up data from patients with atrial fibrillation with or without structural heart disease who underwent the unmodified maze procedure in the St. Antonius hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 11-year period 1993-2004, 203 patients underwent the procedure: 139 underwent the maze procedure only and 64 underwent combined surgery for concomitant atrial fibrillation and structural heart disease. There were no in-hospital deaths. During a mean follow-up period of 4 years, 2 ofthe 203 patients died from cardiac causes; both had undergone combined surgery. With a mean follow-up period of 4 years, the rate of atrial fibrillation-free survival was 90% in patients with lone atrial fibrillation and 70% in patients with concomitant atrial fibrillation. For patients who had no recurrent atrial fibrillation 1 year after surgery, the risk of recurrence after 4 years was small (odds ratio: 9.56). Risk factors for recurrence included a large left atrium and a long duration of atrial fibrillation (more than 5 years).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The maze procedure was a successful surgical intervention for patients with atrial fibrillation, both in the short and long term. This procedure can be considered when medication and electrical cardioversion are ineffective.
authors.affiliation: St Antonius Ziekenhuis, Nieuwegein.
authors.forename: G S C
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Geuzebroek
authors.forename: Ph K E W
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Ballaux
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kelder
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brutel de la Rivière
authors.forename: J J A M T
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Defauw
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: van
mesh_terms: D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000601:surgery*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006339:Heart Rate; D006351:Heart Valves; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome