title: Children's memory for a mild stressor: the role of sympathetic activation and parasympathetic withdrawal.
abstract: Although numerous studies have examined the relations between stress and memory in children, few studies have investigated physiological responses as predictors of children's memory for stressful events. In this study, 4- to 8-year-olds completed laboratory challenges and experienced a fire-alarm incident while their sympathetic and parasympathetic reactions were monitored. Shortly afterward, children's memory of the alarm incident was tested. As children's age and family income increased, memory performance improved. High sympathetic activation during the laboratory challenges was associated with enhanced memory. Also, a trend indicated that, among older children, greater general parasympathetic withdrawal was associated with poorer memory, but among younger children, parasympathetic withdrawal was unrelated to memory. Findings highlight the need to measure both sympathetic and parasympathetic responses when evaluating children's memory for mild stressors and to include a wide age range so that developmental changes in the relations between stress and memory in childhood can be identified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, 3340 Social Ecology II, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-7085, USA. jquas@uci.edu
authors.forename: Jodi A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Quas
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Carrick
authors.forename: Abbey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alkon
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: W Thomas
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Boyce
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D001143:Arousal; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*