title: Biomechanical differences resulting from the combination of suture materials and repair techniques.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many suture materials and repair techniques have been applied in clinical tendon surgery. However, no recommendation is available concerning the choice of suture materials and repair techniques except in a few experimental studies. The purpose of the current study is to show the biomechanical difference resulting from the combination of suture materials and repair techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  The gastrocnemius tendons of 24-week-old cattle (diameter 14-16x9-11 mm) were repaired with application of a single locking, multiple locking, single grasping, or multiple grasping technique using a USP2 suture thread of either braided polyblend polyethylene, polyester, polydioxanone, or nylon. Therefore, a total of 16 combinations were made, with eight specimens for each combination. The specimen was set in an Instron tensiometer to measure the gap length after repetitive tensile loading 500 times (10-100 N).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The single locking technique using braided polyblend polyethylene provided the smallest gap (4.5+/-0.5 mm). Other techniques using the same material resulted in a large gap (10.0-11.8 mm). The polyester provided a relatively smaller gap length, irrespective of the repair technique (7.4-8.8 mm). Polydioxanone and nylon tended to result in a large gap (9.3-12.3 mm and 8.4-10.6 mm, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mechanical properties of each tendon suture depended on the particular combination of suture materials and repair techniques. The combination of braided polyblend polyethylene and single locking technique provided the highest antigap strength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya, Izumo, 693-8501, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamagami
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Tadahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yotsumoto
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hatanaka
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takao
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002417:Cattle; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000601:surgery*; D009757:Nylons / Q000032:analysis; D016687:Polydioxanone; D011091:Polyesters / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011095:Polyethylenes; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013536:Suture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013537:Sutures; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D013710:Tendons / Q000601:surgery*; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D009757:Nylons; D011091:Polyesters; D011095:Polyethylenes; D016687:Polydioxanone