Effects of human immunodeficiency virus on protracted amenorrhea and ovarian dysfunction.
OBJECTIVE
To characterize ovarian failure and prolonged amenorrhea from other causes in women who are both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive and seronegative.


METHODS
This was a cohort study nested in the Women's Interagency HIV Study, a multicenter U.S. study of HIV infection in women. Prolonged amenorrhea was defined as no vaginal bleeding for at least 1 year. A serum follicle stimulating hormone more than 25 milli-International Units/mL and prolonged amenorrhea were used to define ovarian failure. Logistic regressions, chi2, and t tests were performed to estimate relationships between HIV-infection and cofactors with both ovarian failure and amenorrhea from other causes.


RESULTS
Results were available for 1,431 women (1,139 HIV seropositive and 292 seronegative). More than one half of the HIV positive women with prolonged amenorrhea of at least 1 year did not have ovarian failure. When adjusted for age, HIV seropositive women were about three times more likely than seronegative women to have prolonged amenorrhea without ovarian failure. Body mass index, serum albumin, and parity were all negatively associated with ovarian failure in HIV seropositive women.


CONCLUSIONS
HIV serostatus is associated with prolonged amenorrhea. It is difficult to ascertain whether the cause of prolonged amenorrhea is ovarian in HIV-infected women without additional testing.


METHODS
II-2.
Cejtin
Helen E
HE
John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois 60626, and University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. hcejtin@gmail.com
Kalinowski
Ann
A
Bacchetti
Peter
P
Taylor
Robert N
RN
Watts
D Heather
DH
Kim
Seijeoung
S
Massad
L Stewart
LS
Preston-Martin
Susan
S
Anastos
Kathryn
K
Moxley
Michael
M
Minkoff
Howard L
HL
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000568:Amenorrhea / Q000150:complications*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors