title: The association of higher depressive symptoms and sexual dysfunction in male haemodialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of sexual dysfunction among male haemodialysis patients is high. Sexual dysfunction is composed of both physiological and psychological factors. However, the role of psychological depression is still obscure.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multicentre cross-sectional study of 411 male haemodialysis patients was conducted to define the determinants of sexual dysfunction. Mid-week pre-dialytic biochemical and haematological parameters were obtained. All patients were required to complete three questionnaires by themselves: (i) the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF, Chinese version); (ii) the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, Chinese version) and (iii) the 36-item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36, Taiwan Standard Version 1.0).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 154 male patients completed the IIEF questionnaire. Their mean age was 50.2 +/- 10.7 years. A linear multivariable regression analysis demonstrated advanced age, diabetes and the presence of depressive symptoms to be independently associated with sexual dysfunction. Subjects with sexual dysfunction had significantly lower quality of life scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of depressive symptoms, highly prevalent in haemodialysis patients, is an independent factor of sexual dysfunction in male haemodialysis patients. In a comprehensive approach to the management of sexual dysfunction, a thorough evaluation of psychological depression must be included.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yu-Sen
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Chih-Kang
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Kung-Yu
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Shou-Shang
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Chia-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Chwei-Shiun
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Kwan-Dun
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chin-Ching
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ru-Ping
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chee-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Tun-Jun
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Wang-Yu
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000523:psychology*; D020018:Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology