title: Insulin glargine improves glycemic control and health-related quality of life in type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glargine improves glucose control and reduces the risk of nocturnal hypoglycemia compared with neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin. To date, only one study has measured the effects of glargine on health-related quality of life (HRQL); the aim of this study was therefore to confirm the beneficial effects of glargine on disease-specific HRQL in type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-seven patients (mean age, 46 range, 25-74; males, 54%) with diabetes of at least 1-year duration, and with suboptimal glucose control under intensive insulin treatment (IIT), were switched from NPH to glargine. Forty patients maintained on IIT were used as controls. Diabetes-related HRQL was assessed using the Well-being Enquiry for Diabetics (WED), before and after a 6- to 8-month switch to glargine. An 11-item questionnaire based upon diabetes-specific issues was used to assess treatment satisfaction and perceived changes after switching. On glargine, the mean glycosylated hemoglobin decreased by 0.7% (treatment vs. baseline, P<0.0001) and several WED scores improved (discomfort, P=0.020; impact, P=0.0002; total score, P=0.0005). WED changes were associated with a lower perceived risk of hypoglycemia and less problems in daily life on glargine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study show that the beneficial effect of glargine is not limited to better metabolic control; the burden of type 1 diabetes mellitus on everyday life is also reduced.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Metabolic Disease, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, S. Orsola Hospital, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manini
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Forlani
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moscatiello
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zannoni
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marzocchi
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marchesini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting