title: Protein Z and natural anticoagulants in children on peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis.
abstract: Hemostatic alterations due to abnormalities in the coagulation and fibrinolytic system may occur in dialysis patients. Protein Z (PZ) is a vitamin K-dependent coagulation protein promoting assembly of thrombin with phospholipid vesicles. The aim of this study was to investigate PZ and natural anticoagulants in children on hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). Protein Z, protein C (PC), protein S (PS), antithrombin III (AT III), and fibrinogen levels were studied in 24 PD, 13 HD patients and 23 controls. Plasma PZ levels in patients on HD were significantly higher than those on PD and control group (p = 0.04, p = 0.03). We observed elevated PC, PS and AT III activities in children on PD when compared to controls (p = 0.011, p = 0.003, p < 0.001). In HD patients, only PS activity was increased compared to controls (p = 0.016). PC and PS activities did not differ between PD and HD patients whereas AT III activity was higher in PD patients compared to HD patients (p < 0.001). Normal/high levels of PC, PS and AT III suggest that children on PD or HD treatment do not seem to have an increased risk of thrombogenesis due to reduction of these proteins. Increased PZ levels, however, might contribute to the hemostatic alterations in children on HD treatment along with other well known abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey. kenanbek2000@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Kenan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bek
authors.forename: Ozan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ozkaya
authors.forename: Tunç
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fişgin
authors.forename: Yüksel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aliyazicioğlu
authors.forename: M Sükrü
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Paksu
authors.forename: Tolga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozgen
authors.forename: Davut
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Albayrak
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baysal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000097:blood*; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000032:analysis; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011486:Protein C / Q000032:analysis; D017293:Protein S / Q000032:analysis; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D001798:Blood Proteins; D011486:Protein C; D017293:Protein S; C026080:plasma protein Z; D000990:Antithrombin III; D005340:Fibrinogen