title: [Acute gastrointestinal bleeding caused by perforation of a Greenfield caval filter into the duodenum].
abstract: METHODS
  A 77-year-old woman was admitted to a nearby hospital because of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding and collapse. A Greenfield caval filter had been implanted nine years before admission because of pulmonary embolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gastroduodenoscopy showed two hooks of the caval filter having penetrated the duodenum. The diagnosis was confirmed by an abdominal CT scan.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient was transferred to our hospital for surgical removal of the cava filter, which was done through the right-flank retroperitoneal approach. She had an uneventful recovery and was discharged from the hospital on the 7th postoperative day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by by a Greenfield cava filter perforating the duodenum is an extremely rare complication. But in case of acute gastrointestinal bleeding in a patient with an implanted caval filter or vascular prosthesis this should be considered and the filter removed surgically.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Herz-Thorax-Gefässchirurgie, St.-Johannes Hospital Dortmund. botsios@arcor.de
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Botsios
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Erhart
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Walterbusch
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D004386:Duodenum / Q000473:pathology*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016306:Vena Cava Filters / Q000009:adverse effects*