title: ECT anesthesia: the lighter the better?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a most effective treatment for patients with major affective disorders. The influence of anesthetic drugs on seizure "adequacy" or on treatment success has not been systematically investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  A bispectral EEG index score (BIS) was used to identify the depth of anesthesia during ECT. Our study included 22 major depressive episode (MDE) patients expanding to 219 ECTs (05/05-01/06) with no limitations of concurrent medication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen out of the 22 patients showed full remission. Individual number of ECT sessions needed to reach full remission correlated negatively with mean pre-ECT BIS values (p=0.001). Additionally, using a repeated measurement regression analysis significant correlations were found for pre-ECT BIS versus motor response time, seizure concordance, ictal coherence and peak heart rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study suggest BIS-levels as a predictor of faster ECT response. Controlling BIS-levels before stimulation may have an additional effect on treatment success.
authors.affiliation: Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Mannheim, Germany. alexander.sartorius@zi-mannheim.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sartorius
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Canales
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krumm
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krier
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Andres
authors.forename: H-J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Bender
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Henn
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000758:Anesthesia; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012044:Regression Analysis