title: [Neonatal mortality in a regional perinatal hospital in Merida, Yucatan, 1995-2004. II. Analysis of causes and risk factors].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the causes of neonatal mortality, its distribution, the moment of appearance and risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied a cohort of 46,297 live newborns born at the mentioned hospital, weighing 500 g or more. In a database we registered: birth weight, gestational age, days of hospital stay, discharged condition, one and five Apgar minute score, morbidity, death causes, moment of death, reducible death/reducible difficult death rate presented in less than 24 hours, 1 to 6 days, and 7 to 27 postnatal days. We compared morbidity, mortality, and risk factors in a three-year period to facilitate the analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mortality increased with the lesser one minute Apgar score: 0.2, 9.7 and 42.9% when score was 7-10, 4-6, or 0-3, respectively, and 0.6, 41.9 and 62.9% at five minute Apgar score. Malformations were the first cause of death, which increased from 28.6 to 40.3%. Respiratory distress syndrome mortality decreased 34% and that of meconium aspiration syndrome 53%. Reducible death/hardly reducible death rate occurred from 1 to 6 days decreased 67%, from 5.2 to 1.7 (reference value 1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preventable causes of death decreased significantly, particularly those related to perinatal causes, although they are still high compared with developed countries.
authors.affiliation: Departamento Clínico de Neonatología, Hospital de Ginecopediatría, Mérida, Yucatán, México. osornol@prodigy.net.mx
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Osorno Covarrubias
authors.forename: Arlene
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Acosta Mass
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dávila Velázquez
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gómez García
authors.forename: Nidia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Diego Rodríguez
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Echeverría Eguiluz
mesh_terms: D001034:Apgar Score; D001724:Birth Weight; D002423:Cause of Death; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006771:Hospitals, Maternity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors