title: Resistance of HIV-1 to the broadly HIV-1-neutralizing, anti-carbohydrate antibody 2G12.
abstract: The 2G12 mAb inhibits the infection of HIV-1 laboratory-adapted viruses at 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) ranging from 0.02 to 0.2 microg/ml when evaluated in different cell-types. However, isolates from various HIV-1 subtypes (such as clade C, D, A/E, F and group O) were not inhibited by 2G12 mAb (IC(50) >20 microg/ml). 2G12 mAb pressure in HIV-1 IIIB- and NL4.3-infected T cell cultures selected for resistant viruses containing only few (1 to 3 N-glycosylation) deletions in gp120. The 2G12-resistant viruses keep their full sensitivity to various mannose-specific lectins and other known HIV entry inhibitors. Moreover, we observed that the NL4.3-2G12-resistant virus, with the N295K mutation in gp120, became significantly more sensitive to several mannose-specific lectins. This is, to our knowledge, the first report showing that a resistant virus generated in vitro against a neutralizing mAb and containing a mutation in gp120, has increased sensitivity to another class of HIV entry inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huskens
authors.forename: Kristel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Van Laethem
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vermeire
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balzarini
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schols
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009154:Mutation; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D012641:Selection, Genetic
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120