Oncogenic mechanisms in myeloproliferative disorders.
Myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs) are clonal haematopoietic malignancies involving the abnormal proliferation of myeloid lineages. The World Health Organisation (WHO) classification of haematopoietic malignancies distinguishes MPDs from myelodysplastic/ myeloproliferative disorders and systemic mastocytosis. These malignancies frequently involve constitutive tyrosine kinase activity, resulting from either oncogenic fusion protein production or from point mutations. Chronic myelogenous leukaemia is the model used for studies of the consequences of such molecular defects. However, the heterogeneity of the clinical course of MPDs should be seen in a more rationale conceptual framework, including the many molecular events associated with these diseases. This review focuses on the various tyrosine kinase-related molecular mechanisms underlying both MPDs and rare diseases with myeloproliferative features. We pay particular attention to the newly identified JAK2 V617F mutation in polycythaemia vera, essential thrombocythaemia and idiopathic myelofibrosis and deal with disease heterogeneity and putative additional molecular mechanisms.
Delhommeau
F
F
INSERM, U790, Université Paris Sud, Institut Gustave Roussy, 39 rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805, Villejuif, France.
Pisani
D F
DF
James
C
C
Casadevall
N
N
Constantinescu
S
S
Vainchenker
W
W
D016313:Genes, abl; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D053614:Janus Kinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008415:Mastocytosis / Q000235:genetics; D009196:Myeloproliferative Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017354:Point Mutation; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000235:genetics; D035583:Rare Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D039221:mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors / Q000235:genetics
C479818:FIP1L1 protein, human; D039221:mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta; D053614:Janus Kinase 2