title: Antioxidant activity of piper betel leaf extract and its constituents.
abstract: The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay of the ethanol extracts of three varieties (Bangla, sweet, and Mysore) of Piper betel (pan) revealed the Bangla variety to possess the best antioxidant activity that can be correlated with the total phenolic content and reducing powers of the respective extracts. Column chromatography of the extract of the Bangla variety led to the isolation of chevibetol (CHV), allylpyrocatechol (APC), and their respective glucosides. The HPTLC analyses of the extracts revealed similar chemical profiles in all three P. betel varieties, although the concentrations of CHV and APC were significantly less in the sweet and Mysore varieties. Among the isolated compounds, APC showed the best results in all the in vitro experiments. It could prevent Fe(II)-induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) of liposomes and rat brain homogenates as well as gamma-ray-induced damage of pBR322 plasmid DNA more efficiently than CHV. The superior anti-LPO and radioprotective activities of APC vis-à-vis those of CHV could not be explained by their respective Fe(II) chelation and .OH radical scavenging capacities. The better ability of APC to scavenge O2-. radicals and H2O2 might account for the results.
authors.affiliation: Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India.
authors.forename: Jitesh S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rathee
authors.forename: Birija S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Patro
authors.forename: Soumyaditya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mula
authors.forename: Sunita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gamre
authors.forename: Subrata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chattopadhyay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004249:DNA Damage; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005720:Gamma Rays; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008081:Liposomes; D051379:Mice; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D031701:Piper; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D013481:Superoxides / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008081:Liposomes; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D013481:Superoxides; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl