title: Simultaneous blockade of alpha1- and beta-actions of epinephrine during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Experimental and clinical studies have implicated that alpha1- and beta-adrenergic effects of epinephrine significantly increased the severity of postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction by increasing myocardial oxygen consumption during ventricular fibrillation. This prompted experimental studies to investigate the effect of simultaneous blockade of alpha1- and beta-actions of epinephrine during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Improved postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction was observed in epinephrine-treated animals after its alpha1- and beta-actions were blocked, which were associated with less postresuscitation arrhythmia, lower blood lactate level, better neurologic recovery, and longer duration of survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After simultaneous alpha1- and beta-adrenergic blockade, epinephrine administered during cardiopulmonary resuscitation yielded improved postresuscitation myocardial functions and significantly better postresuscitation outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Weil Institute of Critical Care Medicine, Rancho Mirage, California, USA.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shije
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xiangshao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Wanchun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Max Harry
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Weil
mesh_terms: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; D058647:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000009:adverse effects; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; D058647:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D004837:Epinephrine