Nucleophosmin and human cancer.
Nucleophosmin (NPM) is a nucleolar phosphoprotein that shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm during the cell cycle. NPM has several interacting partners and diverse cellular functions, including the processing of ribosomal RNA, centrosome duplication and the control of cellular processes to ensure genomic stability. Subcellular localization of NPM appears to be strongly correlated with NPM functions and cell proliferation. NPM is phosphorylated mainly at its central acidic domain by several upstream kinases, and its phosphorylation appears to be involved in regulating its functions in ribosome biogenesis and centrosome duplication. Recent studies suggest that NPM may act as a licensing factor to maintain proper centrosome duplication and that the Ran/CRM1 nucleocytoplasmic complex regulates local trafficking of NPM to centrosomes by interacting through its nuclear export sequence motif. Here, we provide a brief overview of NPM functions and its roles in human carcinogenesis, and discuss our recent findings related to the potential mechanisms underlying its regulation of centrosome duplication.
Lim
Mi Jung
MJ
Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Wang
Xin Wei
XW
D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism; D018385:Centrosome / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000090243:Nucleophosmin; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation
C000716967:NPM1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D000090243:Nucleophosmin