title: Modified radical mastectomy sparing one or both pectoral muscles in the treatment of breast cancer: intra and postoperative complications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Modified radical mastectomy is widely utilized in breast cancer treatment. However, no prospective comparison has yet been made between the Madden technique (preservation of the pectoralis minor muscle) and the Patey technique (resection of this muscle). The aim of this work was to compare these two modified radical mastectomy techniques, by analyzing their degrees of difficulty and complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized trial at the Breast Unit of Hospital Araújo Jorge, Goiás; and Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Goiás.
  
  
  METHODS
  430 patients with breast cancer with an indication for modified radical mastectomy were included in the program, of whom 426 patients were available for analysis (225 allocated to Patey and 201 to Madden). The chi-squared and Student t tests were used for analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients demographics were well balanced between the two groups. The mean duration of the surgical procedures was 105 (+/- 29.9) and 102 minutes (+/- 33), for the Patey and Madden groups, respectively (p = 0.6). Hospitalization duration was 2.3 days for both groups. The mean number of lymph nodes resected was 20.3 (+/- 7.6) for Patey and 19.8 (+/- 8.1) for Madden (p = 0.5). There were no differences in terms of vascular or nerve sections, hematomas or infections. The surgeons reported the same degree of difficulty for the two methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The removal of the pectoralis minor muscle did not influence any of the variables studied. Therefore, either technique can be performed, at the surgeon's discretion.
authors.affiliation: Breast Unit of Hospital Araújo Jorge, Associação de Combate ao Câncer em Goiás, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás. ruffojr@terra.com.br
authors.forename: Ruffo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Freitas-Júnior
authors.forename: Evelling Lorena Cerqueira
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Rubens José
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Marco Aurélio Costa
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Maurício Duarte
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Esperidião
authors.forename: Rossana Araújo Catão
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Zampronha
authors.forename: Luiz Fernando Jubé
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Geraldo Silva
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Queiroz
authors.forename: Estanislau Araújo
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.forename: Rosemar Macedo Sousa
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Rahal
authors.forename: Júlio Eduardo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ferro
authors.forename: Régis Resende
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Paulinelli
authors.forename: Silvânia Fátima Coelho
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Barbosa
mesh_terms: D001365:Axilla / Q000601:surgery; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D015411:Mastectomy, Modified Radical / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010369:Pectoralis Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications