Stage of primary infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus determines predisposition or resistance of mice to secondary bacterial infections.
We investigated the effect of a primary non-lethal infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) on the course and outcome of a secondary infection with the Gram-negative Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium or the Gram-positive Listeria monocytogenes in mice. We found that at each stage of the viral infection the susceptibility of mice to bacterial super-infections changes dramatically and depends also on whether the secondary infection is a Gram-positive or Gram-negative one. The study shows that the outcome of the secondary infection is determined by a delicate balance between the overproduction of and the hypersensitivity to inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma), as well as by the changes in blood leukocytes occurring in mice in the course of viral infection.
Gumenscheimer
Marina
M
Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Stübeweg 51, 79 108 Freiburg/Br, Germany.
Balkow
Sandra
S
Simon
Markus M
MM
Jirillo
Emilio
E
Galanos
Chris
C
Freudenberg
Marina A
MA
D000818:Animals; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D008099:Liver / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D008216:Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D008217:Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D015163:Superinfection / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D019562:Viral Load
D016207:Cytokines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma