Traces of phosgene in chloroform: consequences for extraction of anthracyclines.
Chloroform is commonly used to extract anthracyclines from various biological matrices. However, their determination can be seriously compromised by phosgene traces present as a result of failing stabilization of chloroform. Out of the three varieties in which chloroform exists (not stabilized, stabilized with an alcohol and stabilized with a hydrocarbon) only the ethanol stabilized type minimizes chances on creating artifacts. Chromatographic separation after extraction of four anthracyclines (doxorubicin, epirubicin, daunorubicin and idarubicin) and two metabolites (13-S-dihydrodoxorubicin and 13-S-dihydroepirubicin) with chloroform under various conditions indicate that the appropriate choice of stabilizer in this extraction solvent is highly relevant.
Maudens
Kristof E
KE
Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Wille
Sarah M R
SM
Lambert
Willy E
WE
D000588:Amines / Q000737:chemistry; D018943:Anthracyclines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002725:Chloroform / Q000737:chemistry*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003630:Daunorubicin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D015255:Idarubicin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010705:Phosgene / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods
D000588:Amines; D018943:Anthracyclines; D012997:Solvents; D010705:Phosgene; D000431:Ethanol; D015251:Epirubicin; D002725:Chloroform; D004317:Doxorubicin; D015255:Idarubicin; D003630:Daunorubicin