title: A pilot phase II trial of valspodar modulation of multidrug resistance to paclitaxel in the treatment of metastatic carcinoma of the breast (E1195): a trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To assess the activity and toxicity of valspodar (PSC-833) in combination with paclitaxel in women with anthracycline refractory, metastatic breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Limited, multi-institutional, Phase II trial of valspodar at 5 mg/kg/dose orally every 6 hours for 12 doses in combination with paclitaxel 70 mg/m2 administered intravenously as a 3-hour infusion beginning 4 hours after the fifth dose of valspodar, every 3 weeks. Eligible patients had bi-dimensionally measurable metastatic carcinoma of the breast, prior anthracycline therapy or a medical contraindication to anthracycline therapy, no more than one prior chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic breast cancer, and adequate organ function. Treatment was continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-four patients are evaluable for response and 37 for toxicity. Two (6 percent) patients achieved a complete response and 5 (15 percent) a partial response for an objective response rate of 21 percent (95 percent confidence interval of 9 to 38 percent). Median duration of response was 9.7 months (95 percent confidence interval 8.0-17.2 months), median time to progression was 3.3 months (95 percent confidence interval 2.0-4.2 months), and median survival was 12 months (95 percent confidence interval 8.1-17.3 months). The toxicity experienced was acceptable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combination valspodar plus paclitaxel is an active regimen and has acceptable toxicity. The combination is not clearly more active than single agent paclitaxel.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5826, USA. rcarlson@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: Lori J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Branimir I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Sikic
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abramson
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Nancy E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018943:Anthracyclines / Q000009:adverse effects; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000187:drug effects*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D018943:Anthracyclines; D003524:Cyclosporins; D017239:Paclitaxel; C070272:valspodar