title: Association of educational attainment with HIV risk in African American active injection drug users.
abstract: This study explored the association between educational attainment and HIV/AIDS risk among African American active injection drug users (IDUs) in Chicago, US. Using snowball sampling techniques, 813 African American active IDUs were recruited for semi-structured interviewing and HIV counseling, testing and partner notification. Logistic regression examined the relationship between level of education attained (three categories: less than high school; equivalent to high school; and greater than high school) and HIV risk behaviors (12 unsafe sex and drug-related practices) and HIV serostatus (positive or negative). Compared with the reference category (less than high school education), those with education equal to high school were less likely to share water, p = 0.044, OR = 0.70 (95%CI: 0.50-0.99). Compared with the reference category, those with education greater than high school were less likely to receive money for sex, p = 0.048, OR = 0.62 (95%CI: 0.38-0.99); share needles with person having HIV or AIDS, p = 0.015, OR = 0.58 (95%CI: 0.37-0.90); and test positive for HIV, p = 0.027, OR = 0.58 (95%CI: 0.36-0.94). The significant associations found between educational attainment and certain HIV risk behaviors and HIV serostatus have implications for tailoring HIV prevention efforts for less educated African American IDUs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA. memoona@uic.edu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasnain
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Mensah
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sinacore
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D002641:Chicago / Q000453:epidemiology; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016485:Needle Sharing / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology