title: Postmortem sole incisions - a new sign of heroin overdose?
abstract: Postmortem sole incisions have been observed in a number of heroin overdose fatalities. Acqueintance of those victims confessed to producing those incisions as a life saving procedure in a futile attempt to help the comatose overdose victim. They thought that bleeding the unconscious victim would remove the overdose, in manner similar to bloodletting or phlebotomy which is still popular in the Gulf region. The presence of such wounds has become a first indication or rather "sign" of heroin poisoning. In such cases, laboratory investigation confirmed the pathologist's preliminary suspicion. In Dubai, postmortem sole incisions are important sign of death from heroin overdose even in the absence of other classical signs. This sign becomes more credible when accompanied by other signs and/or circumstantial evidence suggestive of heroin use. It is suggested that this should be called "bloodletting sign" of death from heroin overdose. The sign should not be confused with the self-inflicted cuts seen on the arms and forearms of drug misusers which are caused for other reasons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, Dubai Police General Headquarters, P.O. Box 1493, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. benemran@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Fawzi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Benomran
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D062787:Drug Overdose / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D018409:Foot Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D049429:Forensic Pathology; D053593:Forensic Toxicology; D003932:Heroin / Q000506:poisoning*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009294:Narcotics / Q000506:poisoning*; D018962:Phlebotomy; D011041:Poisoning / Q000628:therapy; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D014479:United Arab Emirates
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D003932:Heroin