title: Influence of SNPs in cytokine-related genes on the severity of food allergy and atopic eczema in children.
abstract: Although many single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) studies have reported an association of atopy, allergic diseases and total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, almost all of these studies sought risk factors for the onset of these allergic diseases. Furthermore, many studies have analyzed a single gene and hardly any have analyzed environmental factors. In these analyses, the results could be masked and the effects of other genes and environmental factors may be decreased. Here, we described the correlation between four genes [interleukin (IL)-4 (C-590T), IL-4 receptor (A1652G), FCER1B (G6842A) and STAT6 (G2964A)] in connection with IgE production; the role of IL-10 (C-627A) as a regulatory cytokine of allergy; and the severity of food allergy (FA) and atopic eczema (AE) in 220 Japanese allergic children. In addition to these SNPs, environmental factors, i.e., patient's attitude, indoor environment, and so on, were also investigated in this study. Our study was retrospective, and the correlation was analyzed by our defined clinical scores divided into three terms: worst symptoms, recent symptoms and general amelioration at the most recent examination during the disease course. Our results indicated that IL-10 AA, the genotype with lower IL-10 production, is associated with higher IgE levels in the serum (p < 0.0001, estimate; 0.912). Marginal liver abnormalities were observed in the subject group with both FA and AE (p < 0.1191, estimate; 0.1490). Our defined clinical scores enabled evaluation of various aspects of disease severity. Based on the scores, while no single SNP selected in this study determined severity, the combination of the SNP with laboratory data and environmental factors appeared to determine severity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Information, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, Htanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Negoro
authors.forename: Kanami
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Orihara
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Irahara
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: Kanae
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.forename: Risa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Kazue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Tamio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanioka
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Yoji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iikura
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tobe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor; D001290:Attitude; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000502:physiology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017455:Receptors, IgE / Q000235:genetics; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D017455:Receptors, IgE; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007073:Immunoglobulin E