title: Clenbuterol affects the expression of messenger RNA for interleukin 10 in peripheral leukocytes from horses challenged intrabronchially with lipopolysaccharides.
abstract: On four occasions, four horses with heaves and four horses with small airway inflammatory diseases inhaled 0.9% saline based aerosol mixtures with or without lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Prior to the first saline and LPS inhalation, horses were untreated, while three and a half days prior to the third and forth inhalation horses had received 0.8 microg/kg clenbuterol intravenously twice daily. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and interferon- gamma (IFN- gamma) was investigated by RT-PCR, all of which were expressed in the white blood cells of samples collected. Inhalation of LPS only changed the cytokine expression profile of IL-10, IL-4 and TNF-alpha mRNA which were higher after challenge with LPS. However in those horses that were treated with clenbuterol the LPS-induced IL-10 mRNA expression was shown to be suppressed. Further changes in IL-4 and TNF-alpha were not significant. Thus the results of this study indicated that clenbuterol can modulate the expression of IL-10 mRNA in peripheral white blood cells in those horses with small airway diseases that have been exposed to LPS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Companion Animals and Horses, Clinic for Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Veterinary University of Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria. Rene.vandenHoven@vu-wien.ac.at.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van den Hoven
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Duvigneau
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Hartl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gemeiner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002976:Clenbuterol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006736:Horses; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016753:Interleukin-10; D002976:Clenbuterol