title: Mutations in the gene encoding the alpha-subunit of rod phosphodiesterase in consanguineous Pakistani families.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To localize and identify the gene and mutations causing autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in consanguineous Pakistani families.
  
  
  METHODS
  Families were ascertained and patients underwent complete ophthalmological examinations. Blood samples were collected and DNA was extracted. A genome-wide scan was performed using 382 polymorphic microsatellite markers on genomic DNA from affected and unaffected family members, and lod scores were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A genome-wide scan of 50 families gave a lod score of 7.4172 with D5S2015 using HOMOG1. RP in all 4 linked families mapped to a 13.85 cM (14.87 Mb) region on chromosome 5q31-33 flanked by D5S2090 and D5S422. This region harbors the PDE6A gene, which is known to cause autosomal recessive RP. Sequencing of PDE6A showed a homozygous single base pair change; c.889C->T, single base pair insertion; c.2218-2219insT, and single base pair substitution in the splice acceptor site; IVS10-2A->G in each of three families. In the fourth family linked to this region, no disease-causing mutation was identified in the PDE6A gene.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provide strong evidence that mutations in PDE6A result in recessive RP in three consanguineous Pakistani families. Although a fourth family was linked to markers in the 5q31-33 interval, no mutation was identified in PDE6A.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1860, USA.
authors.forename: S Amer
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Riazuddin
authors.forename: Fareeha
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zulfiqar
authors.forename: Qingjiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wenliang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Shouling
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Amber
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shahzadi
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amer
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.forename: Tayyab
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hussnain
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Sieving
authors.forename: Sheikh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riazuddin
authors.forename: J Fielding
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Hejtmancik
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002895:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5; D003241:Consanguinity; D003596:Cytosine; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D005808:Genes, Recessive; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics; D008126:Lod Score; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010154:Pakistan; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics*; D017948:Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells / Q000201:enzymology*; D012174:Retinitis Pigmentosa / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D013941:Thymine
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D007527:Isoenzymes; D003596:Cytosine; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D013941:Thymine