title: A trial of asthma self-management in Beijing schools.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the effectiveness in children in China of an asthma education programme adapted from a model developed in the USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six hundred and thirty-nine children in 21 elementary schools in one agricultural and one industrial area participated in a randomized, controlled trial. Data were collected at baseline and 1 year subsequently. The self-regulation-based programme addressed topics including preventing and managing symptoms, using medicines, and identifying and controlling triggers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive effects on treatment children v. control children were noted in school performance (0.21 v. - 0.06, p=0.04), absences (-0.55 v. -0.32, p= 0.02), and home environment (1.78 v. 4.75, p= 0.009). Industrial-area children additionally benefited from fewer hospitalizations (odds ratio =1.96, p =0.05) and asthma-related concerns of parents (-0.63 v. -0.34, p = 0.001). Agricultural-area parents showed greater improvement in asthma management (0.93 v. 0.26, p= 0.0001), and expressed more negative feelings about asthma (-0.13 v. - 0.58, p= 0.04) and asthma concerns (-0.31 v. -0.63, p= 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The programme provided overall benefits related to school performance, absences, and home environment. In the agricultural area, where fewer resources were available, benefits were fewer and concerns greater. In the industrial area, where education and income were higher, additional benefits related to healthcare use and parents' quality of life were realized.
authors.affiliation: Health Behavior & Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 109 S. Observatory, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA. nmclark@umich.edu
authors.forename: Noreen M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Molly
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Niko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaciroti
authors.forename: Jimmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Guixian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Zhechun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Zhaosu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010349:Patient Compliance; D015995:Prevalence; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014505:Urban Population