title: Contribution of thioredoxin reductase to T-cell mitogenesis and NF-kappaB DNA-binding promoted by selenite.
abstract: Although the essential role of selenium for cellular immune responses is obvious, delineation of the functions is lacking because selenium can either promote or inhibit cell growth, cytokine production, and activation of transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). Studies with human thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1)-transgenic (Tg) mice were conducted to evaluate the relationship between stimulation of T-cell mitogenic response by sodium selenite and the intracellular Trx-1 levels, and the activities of selenoenzymes and NF-kappaB-DNA binding. Concanavalin A-induced mitogenesis of wild-type mouse splenic cells was stimulated by exposure to low levels of selenite (0.02-0.1 microM), with augmentation of NF-kappaB-DNA binding activity. Treatment with NF-kappaB nuclear translocation inhibitor SN50 or thioredoxin reductase (TR) inhibitor aurothioglucose depressed this stimulatory action. The mitogenic response of Trx-1-Tg mouse splenic cells was enhanced by exposure to relatively high levels of selenite (> or = 0.05 microM), compared with the wild-type mouse. Selenite also augmented TR activity but not cellular glutathione peroxidase activity in the Trx-1-overexpressed cells. These results suggest that the stimulation of T-cell mitogenic response by the physiological levels of selenite is predominantly caused by increased TR activity, which may lead to reduction of Trx-1 dependent on the intracellular expression level and promotion of DNA binding of NF-kappaB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Preventive Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan. ueno@pharm.setsunan.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Hitomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kajihara
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yodoi
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamuro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D018038:Sodium Selenite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase / Q000502:physiology*; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; C491203:TXN protein, human; D013879:Thioredoxins; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase; D018038:Sodium Selenite