title: Determination of amphetamines in human urine by liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection using a solid-phase extraction procedure.
abstract: A precise and feasible HPLC method has been developed for the analysis of amphetamine (AMPH), methamphetamine (MAMPH) and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) in human urine. A chromatographic run on a C8 Genesis (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) column maintained at 30 degrees C lasts about 17 min, using a mobile phase composed of ACN (12%) and a pH 2.5 phosphate buffer (88%) containing 0.3% triethylamine. Mirtazapine was used as the internal standard. Good linearity was found in the 100-2000 ng/mL concentration range for AMPH and MAMPH and in the 12-2000 ng/mL concentration range for MDMA. The pretreatment of urine samples was carried out by means of a careful SPE procedure on C2 cartridges. The extraction yields were very satisfactory for all analytes, with average values greater than 97%. The leading conditions allowed the determination of AMPH, MAMPH and MDMA with satisfactory precision and accuracy. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of the analytes in urine of AMPH users.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bugamelli
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mandrioli
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cavallini
authors.forename: Cesare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baccini
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.forename: Maria Augusta
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Raggi
mesh_terms: D000662:Amphetamines / Q000652:urine*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005470:Fluorometry; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000652:urine; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000652:urine; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine / Q000652:urine; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D008694:Methamphetamine; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine