title: Ginsenoside Rb1 promotes adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells by enhancing PPARgamma2 and C/EBPalpha gene expression.
abstract: Evidence has accumulated that ginseng and its main active constituents, ginsenosides, possess anti-diabetic and insulin-sensitizing properties which may be partly realized by regulating adipocyte development and functions. In the present study, we explored the effect of ginsenoside Rb(1), the most abundant ginsenoside in ginseng root, on adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells. We found that with standard differentiation inducers, ginsenoside Rb(1) facilitated adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a dose-dependent manner; 10 microM Rb(1) increased lipid accumulation by about 56%. Treatment of differentiating adipocytes with 10 microM Rb(1) increased the expression of mRNA and protein of PPARgamma(2) and C/EBPalpha, as well as mRNA of ap2, one of their target genes. After the treatment of differentiating adipocytes with Rb(1), basal and insulin-mediated glucose uptake was significantly augmented, accompanied by the up-regulation of mRNA and protein level of GLUT4, but not of GLUT1. In addition, ginsenoside Rb(1) also inhibited the proliferation of preconfluent 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Our data indicate that anti-diabetic and insulin-sensitizing activities of ginsenosides, at least in part, are involved in the enhancing effect on PPARgamma2 and C/EBPalpha expression, hence promoting adipogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 197 Ruijin Road II, Shanghai 200025, China.
authors.forename: Wenbin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Boren
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Libin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Shangquan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Mingdao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001391:Azo Compounds; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D004338:Drug Combinations; C493411:Fabp4 protein, mouse; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D036145:Ginsenosides; D007328:Insulin; D047495:PPAR gamma; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014280:Triglycerides; C442759:ginsenoside Rb1; C011049:oil red O; D005947:Glucose