Effect of olive oils on biomarkers of oxidative DNA stress in Northern and Southern Europeans.
High consumption of olive oil in the Mediterranean diet has been suggested to protect DNA against oxidative damage and to reduce cancer incidence. We investigated the impact of the phenolic compounds in olive oil, and the oil proper, on DNA and RNA oxidation in North, Central, and South European populations. In a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled crossover intervention trial, the effect of olive oil phenolic content on urinary oxidation products of guanine (8-oxo-guanine, 8-oxo-guanosine and 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine) was investigated. Twenty-five milliliters of three olive oils with low, medium, and high phenolic content were administered to healthy males (n=182) daily for 3 wk. At study baseline the urinary excretion of 8-oxo-guanosine (RNA oxidation) and 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (DNA oxidation) was higher in the Northern regions of Europe compared with Central and Southern European regions (P=0.035). Urinary excretion of the 8 hydroxylated forms of guanine, guanosine, deoxyguanosine and their nonoxidized forms were not different when comparing olive oils with low, medium, and high phenolic content given for 2 wk. Testing the effect of oil from urinary 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine changes from baseline to post-treatment showed a reduction of DNA oxidation by 13% (P=0.008). These findings support the idea that ingestion of olive oil is beneficial and can reduce the rate of oxidation of DNA. This effect is not due to the phenolic content in the olive oil. The higher DNA and RNA oxidation in Northern European regions compared with that in Central and Southern regions supports the contention that olive oil consumption may explain some of the North-South differences in cancer incidences in Europe.
Machowetz
Anja
A
German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
Poulsen
Henrik E
HE
Gruendel
Sindy
S
Weimann
Allan
A
Fitó
Montserrat
M
Marrugat
Jaume
J
de la Torre
Rafael
R
Salonen
Jukka T
JT
Nyyssönen
Kristiina
K
Mursu
Jaakko
J
Nascetti
Simona
S
Gaddi
Antonio
A
Kiesewetter
Holger
H
Bäumler
Hans
H
Selmi
Hany
H
Kaikkonen
Jari
J
Zunft
Hans-Joachim F
HJ
Covas
Maria-Isabel
MI
Koebnick
Corinna
C
D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012313:RNA / Q000187:drug effects
D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D012313:RNA; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D004247:DNA; D003849:Deoxyguanosine