title: [Training programs in stroke patients: literature review].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An increased number of physical retraining programs are available for the rehabilitation of stroke patient; generally positive results are observed, but no consensus in methodology exists (program characteristics, intensity, duration, frequency, etc.).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the literature about training program characteristics for stroke patients and describe their efficacy, limits, and results.
  
  
  METHODS
  A search of the Medline database revealed 97 references, including 53 clinical studies examining protocols of physical training and 15 meta-analyses and literature reviews of physical training.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three physical training protocols were found (walking, neuromuscular and 'force' training). Each training had specific effects: cardiovascular, functional, and muscular.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To obtain positive cardiovascular effects and/or walking improvement, classical rehabilitation and physical training programs need to be associated for rehabilitation of the stroke patient.
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine physique et de réadaptation, unité PPEH-GIP E2S EA 3062, faculté de médecine Jacques-Lisfranc, université Jean-Monnet et hôpital Bellevue, CHU, 42055 Saint-Etienne cedex 02, France. ramas.julien@gmail.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ramas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Courbon
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fayolle-Minon
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Calmels
mesh_terms: D004558:Electric Stimulation; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D006875:Hydrotherapy; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation