Antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities of Korean Red Ginseng.
The antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) were examined on rat carotid artery thrombosis in vivo, and platelet aggregation in vitro and ex vivo. Administration of KRG to rats not only prevented carotid artery thrombosis in vivo in a dose-dependent manner, but also significantly inhibited ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation ex vivo, while failed to prolong coagulation times such as activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT), indicating the antithrombotic effect of KRG might be due to its antiplatelet aggregation rather than anticoagulation effect. In line with the above observations, KRG inhibited U46619-, arachidonic acid-, collagen- and thrombin-induced rabbit platelet aggregation in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 620 +/- 12, 823 +/- 22, 722 + 21 and 650 +/- 14 microg/mL, respectively. Accordingly, KRG also inhibited various agonists-induced platelet serotonin secretions as it suppressed platelet aggregation. These results suggest that KRG has a potent antithrombotic effect in vivo, which may be due to antiplatelet rather than anticoagulation activity, and KRG intake may be beneficial to the individuals with high risks of thrombotic and cardiovascular diseases.
Yu
Ji Yeon
JY
College of Pharmacy, Research Center for Bioresource and Health, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea.
Jin
Yong-Ri
YR
Lee
Jung-Jin
JJ
Chung
Jin-Ho
JH
Noh
Ji-Yoon
JY
You
Soon-Hyang
SH
Kim
Ki-Nam
KN
Im
Ji-Hyun
JH
Lee
Ju-Hyun
JH
Seo
Ji-Min
JM
Han
Hyeong-Jun
HJ
Lim
Yong
Y
Park
Eun-Seok
ES
Kim
Tack-Joong
TJ
Shin
Kyeong-Soeb
KS
Wee
Jae-Joon
JJ
Park
Jong-Dae
JD
Yun
Yeo-Pyo
YP
D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000737:chemistry; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000150:complications; D002341:Carotid Artery Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003094:Collagen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D036145:Ginsenosides; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D003094:Collagen; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium