title: Fruiting body-guided molecular identification of root-tip mantle mycelia provides strong indications of ectomycorrhizal associations in two species of Sistotrema (Basidiomycota).
abstract: Fruiting body guided sequence analysis of mycorrhizal root-tip mycelia is a powerful yet relatively sparsely explored method for species-level identification of mycorrhizal fungi. It is used in this study to indicate mycorrhizal associations in the corticioid (resupinate) genus Sistotrema of the cantharelloid clade through phylogenetic analysis of the ITS and nuLSU rDNA regions of two spatiotemporally co-occurring Sistotrema fruiting bodies and ectomycorrhizal root tips. The genus Sistotrema is confirmed to be polyphyletic, and the mycorrhizal species form a strongly supported monophyletic clade together with the stipitate genus Hydnum. The remaining lineages of Sistotrema may well be saprotrophic, the nutritional mode traditionally attributed to the genus, but the phylogenetic analyses show that they should be excluded from Sistotrema. The cantharelloid clade contains several mycorrhizal genera, but no symbiotic associations have previously been demonstrated for Sistotrema.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Göteborg University, Box 461, S-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden. henrik.nilsson@botany.gu.se
authors.forename: R Henrik
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: Karl-Henrik
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: Urmas
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kõljalg
mesh_terms: D029661:Alnus / Q000382:microbiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D025282:Mycelium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010802:Phylogeny; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer