[White blood cell lysis syndrome after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in the treatment of renal AL amyloidosis. Case report].
The treatment of AL amyloidosis was not successful until the advent of myeloablative chemotherapy consisting of high-dose intravenous melphalan followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. This new treatment has achieved better survival rates and, remarkably, it has obtained complete remission. Among patients with renal involvement, achievement of a complete hematological response was associated with a 50% reduction in proteinuria and stable creatinine clearance in more than 2/3 of patients. Despite of these excellent results, this new therapy is associated with significant toxicity, including the development of acute renal failure due to white blood cell lysis syndrome. We report a 59 year-old female with a nephrotic syndrome due to primary amyloidosis successfully treated autologous stem cell transplantation who developed acute renal failure caused by white blood cell lysis syndrome. The patient required treatment with granulocytic colony stimulating factor and intermittent hemofiltration and was discharged 23 days after melphalan administration with a satisfactory renal function and white blood cell count. After one year of follow up, she maintains a good glomerular filtration rate, a proteinuria of less than, 1 g/day and normal hematological values.
Gatica
Antonio
A
Nefrología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Bertin
Pablo
P
Tagle
Rodrigo
R
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced; D000686:Amyloidosis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008558:Melphalan / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D019653:Myeloablative Agonists / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D036102:Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D015275:Tumor Lysis Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*
D019653:Myeloablative Agonists; D008558:Melphalan