title: Religion and spirituality among patients with localized prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine: (1) daily religious and spiritual experiences among localized prostate cancer patients as compared to a national age and race-matched male sample; (2) cognitive-affective and clinical predictors of prostate cancer diagnosis-related increases in religiosity and spirituality; (3) short-term impact of daily religious and spiritual experiences on cancer recurrence worry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analyses of data from a longitudinal questionnaire study among patients (N = 254) diagnosed with localized prostate cancer and data from a random sample (N = 238) of respondents to the national General Social Survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the national sample, prostate cancer patients reported higher levels of daily spiritual experiences. Patients with higher worry about prostate cancer and elevated levels of prostate-related symptoms around diagnosis were more likely to report a diagnosis-related increase in religiosity and spirituality. Positive benefits (reduced recurrence worry) of religious coping/practices were restricted to those patients with higher versus lower level of postdiagnosis increase in religiosity; patients not reporting postdiagnosis increases in religion who are not engaging in religious coping/practice adjusted equally well. Results suggest that the development of religious/spiritual interventions is premature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first prospective study to report on the prevalence and influence of daily spiritual and religious experiences among prostate cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamrick
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Diefenbach
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D002410:Catholicism; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004493:Education; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007599:Judaism; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology*; D033303:Protestantism; D011788:Quality of Life; D012068:Religion and Medicine; D029181:Spirituality; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors