title: Functional mitral regurgitation during exercise in patients with heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Functional mitral regurgitation (MR) is common in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and left ventricular dysfunction. The severity of CHF is expressed in terms of exercise tolerance, so MR during exercise would affect the severity of heart failure. However, it is not well known how much MR increases during exercise, or if it is related with severity of heart failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen subjects underwent dynamic cycle exercise at steady-state levels of 80% and 150% of anaerobic threshold (AT). During each exercise level, the MR jet and left atrial (LA) area were measured, and the degree of MR was expressed as the ratio (MR/LA). The MR/LA increased slightly at 80% AT (rest: 15.5+/-7.8%, 80% AT: 21.7+/-9.3%, p<0.05). It increased more at 150% AT (29.2+/-11.6%, p<0.01). The MR/LA at both 80% and 150% AT weakly correlated with peak oxygen consumption/heart rate (r=-0.509). They showed a weakly positive correlation with the ventilatoly equivalent/CO(2) production slope (r=0.340).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MR during exercise increases as stroke volume worsens during exercise, so evaluation of MR during exercise is important in the management of patients with CHF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohshima
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurabayashi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004452:Echocardiography; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000503:physiopathology*