title: The effect of a single dose prednisolone with and without diclofenac on pain, trismus, and swelling after removal of mandibular third molars.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a single intramuscular dose of prednisolone and the prednisolone-diclofenac combination on postoperative pain, trismus, and edema after the removal of third molars.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five patients who were to undergo surgical removal of lower third molars were studied. Patients were divided into 3 groups. In the first group, each patient was given 25 mg prednisolone intramuscularly immediately after surgery. In the second group, each patient was given 25 mg prednisolone and diclofenac intramuscularly immediately after surgery, and in the third group, each patient was given sterile saline solution as control group. Postoperative pain was evaluated by visual analogue scale on the day of surgery. Facial swelling and trismus were evaluated on postoperative days 2 and 7. ANOVA was used to analyze these data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis of the data indicated the prednisolone-diclofenac combination suppressed pain intensity in comparison with control (P < .05) at the 6-hour observation. Both the prednisolone and prednisolone-diclofenac combinations suppressed pain at the seventh postoperative hour in comparison with the control (P < .05). The prednisolone-diclofenac combination group also had a smaller loss of opening at postoperative days 2 and 7 in comparison with both the prednisolone and control groups (P < .05). Postoperative swelling was less in both the prednisolone and prednisolone-diclofenac combination groups, as compared with the control group (P < .05) at postoperative day 2. The prednisolone-diclofenac combination group also had a smaller swelling at postoperative day 7 in comparison with both the prednisolone and control groups (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was determined that the combination of a single dose of prednisolone and diclofenac is well-suited to the treatment of postoperative pain, trismus, and swelling after dental surgical procedures and should be used when extensive postoperative swelling of soft tissue is anticipated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey. mcbuyukkurt@yahoo.com
authors.forename: M Cemil
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Buyukkurt
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gungormus
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kaya
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014313:Trismus / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004008:Diclofenac; D011239:Prednisolone