title: On the biology of saphenous vein grafts fitted with external synthetic sheaths and stents.
abstract: Autologous saphenous vein is used as a conduit to bypass atherosclerotic lesions in both the coronary artery (coronary artery bypass graft surgery [CABG]) and in femoral arteries (infrainguinal bypass graft surgery [IIBS]). Despite the undoubted success and benefits of the procedures, graft failure occurs in 50% of cases within 10 years after surgery. A principal cause of late vein graft failure is intimal and medial hyperplasia and superimposed atherogenesis. Apart from lipid lowering therapy, no intervention has hitherto proved clinically effective in preventing late vein graft failure which clearly constitutes a major clinical and economic problem that needs to be urgently resolved. However, we have studied the effect of external synthetic stents and sheaths in pig models of vein into artery interposition grafting and found them to have a profound effect on vein graft remodelling and thickening. In this review, therefore, we will summarise the mechanisms underlying vein graft failure and how these stents influence these processes and the possible mechanisms involved as well as the application of these devices in preventing vein graft failure clinically.
authors.affiliation: Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, UK. j.y.jeremy@bris.ac.uk
authors.forename: Jamie Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jeremy
authors.forename: Pat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gadsdon
authors.forename: Nilima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.forename: Vikram
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vijayan
authors.forename: Marcella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wyatt
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Newby
authors.forename: Gianni D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Angelini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001695:Biology / Q000379:methods; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000502:physiology*; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000637:transplantation*; D015607:Stents; D013552:Swine