title: Paediatric metabolic syndrome and associated anthropometric indices: the CASPIAN Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of paediatric metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its best predictive anthropometric index.
  
  
  METHODS
  This national study was conducted among 4811 students (2248 boys and 2563 girls) aged 6-18 y. This is the first study of its kind in Iran and, to our knowledge, in Asia as well. Two definitions were used for the MetS: type A was defined based on criteria analogous to ATP III, and type B was defined according to the cut-offs obtained from NHANES III. Both types A and B define high fasting blood sugar as > 100 mg/dl and systolic/diastolic blood pressure as > 90th percentile.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (SD) age of students studied was 12.07+/-3.2 y. MetS type A was seven times more prevalent than type B (14% vs 2%, respectively, p<0.0001), and had no significant gender difference. The most frequent components of both definitions of the MetS were low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high triglyceride (TG). Waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) had the strongest and weakest associations, respectively, with the MetS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Establishment of a uniform set of criteria for the MetS in children is needed. Routine WC measurement in the paediatric population may be clinically useful.
authors.affiliation: Preventive Paediatric Cardiology Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. kroya@aap.net
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelishadi
authors.forename: Gelayol
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ardalan
authors.forename: Riaz
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gheiratmand
authors.forename: Khosrow
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Adeli
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delavari
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Majdzadeh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence