title: Diastolic dysfunction and autonomic abnormalities in patients with systolic heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with systolic heart failure (SHF) often have concomitant diastolic dysfunction (DD). SHF is associated with decreased heart rate variability (HRV), but the impact of degree of DD on HRV in SHF is unclear.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HRV was measured in 139 patients, aged 64+/-12 years, 74% male, LVEF 30+/-8%. Patients had stable NYHA class II-III CHF on ACE inhibitors or ATII receptor blockers, with LVEF<or=40% and BNP>or=200 pg/ml. Subjects underwent 2-D echocardiography with Doppler assessment and 24-h Holters. Patients were categorized as having impaired relaxation (E-deceleration time>2 SD above age-adjusted normal values (AANV), E/A<or=1, systolic/diastolic pulmonary vein flow>or=1; N=30), pseudonormal (E-deceleration time within 2 SD of AANV, E/A=1-2, systolic/diastolic pulmonary vein flow<1; N=25) or restrictive filling patterns (E-deceleration time>2 SD below AANV or/and E/A ratio>or=2; N=84) Differences were adjusted for clinical covariates using UNIANOVA, p<0.05. HRV was reduced and BNP higher in pseudonormal patients compared to impaired relaxation, but this difference was only significant for restrictive vs. impaired filling. Differences remained significant after adjustment for covariates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significantly more abnormal HRV, reflecting greater cardiac autonomic dysfunction, is associated with restrictive DD compared to impaired relaxation.
authors.affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA. pstein@im.wustl.edu
authors.forename: Phyllis K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Larisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tereshchenko
authors.forename: Peter P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Domitrovich
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Kleiger
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: Prakash
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Deedwania
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003971:Diastole / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013599:Systole / Q000187:drug effects; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors