title: Sarcoidosis of the thyroid gland associated with hyperthyroidism: review of the literature and report of two peculiar cases.
abstract: Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas that rarely involve the thyroid gland. Thyroid sarcoidosis has seldom been documented, and few cases have so far been described in association with hyperthyroidism. Here, we review the literature on this association, report two patients presenting with hyperthyroidism and histologically-proven sarcoidosis, and discuss related clinical, biochemical, pathological and genetic findings.
authors.affiliation: University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy. papigiampaolo@hotmail.com
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Briganti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Artioli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cavazza
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carapezzi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roggeri
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baldoni
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carani
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chiarini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000473:pathology