title: Low micronutrient levels as a predictor of incident disability in older women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of nutritional status in the disablement process is still unclear. The objective of this study was to assess whether low concentrations of nutrients predict the development and course of disability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal study including community-dwelling women 65 years or older enrolled in the Women's Health and Aging Study I. In total, 643 women were assessed prospectively at 6-month intervals from 1992 to 1995.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incidence rates of disability in activities of daily living (ADLs) during 3 years of follow-up. Incidence rates in the lowest quartile of each selected nutrient were compared with those in the upper quartiles. The hazard ratios were estimated from Cox models adjusted for potential confounders. Women in the lowest quartile of serum concentrations of vitamin B(6) (hazard ratio [HR], 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.67), vitamin B(12) (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.12-1.74), and selenium (HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.12-1.71) had significantly higher risk of disability in ADLs during 3 years of follow-up compared with women in the upper 3 quartiles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low serum concentrations of vitamins B(6) and B(12) and selenium predict subsequent disability in ADLs in older women living in the community. Nutritional status is one of the key factors to be considered in the development of strategies aimed at preventing or delaying the disablement process.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6301, USA. bb232@cornell.edu
authors.forename: Benedetta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bartali
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Semba
authors.forename: Edward A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Frongillo
authors.forename: Ravi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Varadhan
authors.forename: Michelle O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Ricks
authors.forename: Caroline S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Blaum
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrucci
authors.forename: Jack M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Guralnik
authors.forename: Linda P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Fried
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016014:Linear Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008396:Maryland / Q000453:epidemiology; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000097:blood*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012643:Selenium / Q000097:blood; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014815:Vitamins / Q000097:blood; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D018977:Micronutrients; D014815:Vitamins; D012643:Selenium