title: Association of angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and IgA nephropathy: a meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism has been extensively examined for the association with immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (IgAN), however, conflicting results have occurred. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the association of ACE I/D polymorphism with IgAN in different ethnic groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  11 studies testing the association between ACE I/D polymorphism and IgAN susceptibility, and 9 studies testing the association of ACE I/D with IgAN progression were used in this analysis. The overall odds ratio (OR) was estimated by a fixed or random effect model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall OR for the risk of susceptibility and progression of IgAN in Asians for the DD genotype is 2.37 (95% CI 1.04-5.41) and 1.75 (95% CI 1.24-2.56). The overall OR for the D allele in Asians also showed a similar magnitude, though without statistical significance (p = 0.09, p = 0.13, respectively). In Caucasians, both the DD genotype and D allele were associated with IgAN progression (OR 1.90, 1.61, respectively), but not IgAN susceptibility (p = 0.30, p = 0.41, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings support the notion that ACE I/D polymorphism is associated with IgAN. Meanwhile, the role of ACE I/D polymorphism in Asians is different from that of Caucasians.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhe Jiang University, Hangzhou, PR China. duyong717@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Du
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.forename: Wu Qing
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Qing
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Jia Jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.forename: Chen Jia
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Qin Qiao
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Shen Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011379:Prognosis; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A