title: International Union of Pharmacology. LXVI. Orphan nuclear receptors.
abstract: Half of the members of the nuclear receptors superfamily are so-called "orphan" receptors because the identity of their ligand, if any, is unknown. Because of their important biological roles, the study of orphan receptors has attracted much attention recently and has resulted in rapid advances that have helped in the discovery of novel signaling pathways. In this review we present the main features of orphan receptors, discuss the structure of their ligand-binding domains and their biological functions. The paradoxical existence of a pharmacology of orphan receptors, a rapidly growing and innovative field, is highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Unité Mixte de Recherche 5161 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique 1237, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Benoit
authors.forename: Austin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cooney
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Giguere
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ingraham
authors.forename: Mitch
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lazar
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Muscat
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Perlmann
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Renaud
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schwabe
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sladek
authors.forename: Ming-Jer
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Laudet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D009626:Terminology as Topic
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear