title: The expression of CD9 in the peri-implantation mouse uterus is upregulated in an ovarian steroid hormone-dependent manner.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the spatiotemporal expression of CD9 protein in the peri-implantation mouse uterus as well as the effects of ovarian steroid hormones on CD9.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental animal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reproductive biological center of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female Kunming white strain mice (6-8 weeks old).
  
  
  METHODS
  Subcutaneous injection of P(4)/E(2); uterine tissues were collected at different times after injection.
  
  
  METHODS
  The levels of protein and mRNA were detected in mouse uterus during peri-implantation and after steroid hormones treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CD9 protein was expressed intensely in the stromal cells on days 1 and 2 of pregnancy. On days 3 and 4, the glandular and luminal epithelial cells exhibited accumulation of CD9 protein. After the initial attachment reaction on day 5, luminal epithelial and stromal cells immediately surrounding the blastocysts exhibited distinct accumulation of CD9. On days 6-8, the accumulation of CD9 occurred in decidual cells. Using ovariectomized mice, we also observed that both progesterone and estrogen upregulated uterine CD9 expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the current investigation showed that CD9 was differentially expressed in the uterus depending on the stage of implantation and was upregulated in ovarian steroid hormone-dependent manner, implicating multiple roles of CD9 in the regulation of embryo implantation during the peri-implantation period.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Weimin
authors.forename: Cao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yujing
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.forename: Duan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Enkui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000502:physiology*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060245:Tetraspanin 29; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; C554870:Cd9 protein, mouse; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D060245:Tetraspanin 29; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol