Nur77 and retinoid X receptors: crucial factors in dopamine-related neuroadaptation.
Dopaminergic systems in the brain adapt in response to various stimuli from the internal and external world, but the mechanisms underlying this process are incompletely understood. Here, we review recent evidence that certain types of transcription factor of the nuclear receptor family, specifically Nur77 and retinoid X receptors, have important roles in adaptation and homeostatic regulation of dopaminergic systems. These findings call for a reassessment of our fundamental understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of dopamine-mediated transmission. Given that diseases such as Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia are thought to involve adaptation of dopamine signalling, these findings might provide new insight into these pathologies and offer new avenues for drug development.
Lévesque
Daniel
D
Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7. daniel.levesque.1@umontreal.ca
Rouillard
Claude
C
D000220:Adaptation, Biological / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D057105:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000502:physiology*; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000502:physiology*; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C539821:NR4A1 protein, human; D057105:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004298:Dopamine