title: Low plasma adiponectin exacerbates the risk of premature coronary artery disease in familial hypercholesterolemia.
abstract: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is characterized by increased risk for premature coronary artery disease (CAD). This risk is exacerbated in the presence of abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. Low adiponectin is part of the clustering of metabolic abnormalities associated with abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. The present study, therefore, aims to examine the relationship between plasma adiponectin and age at CAD diagnosis in FH patients. Plasma adiponectin was measured by ELISA in 568 non-diabetic FH individuals of French-Canadian origin. CAD was defined according to strict clinical criteria. Prior to analyses, patients were grouped according to age and gender-specific tertiles of plasma adiponectin levels. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the association between plasma adiponectin levels and age at diagnosis of CAD. Overall, FH patients in the lowest tertile of plasma adiponectin exhibited CAD at a significantly younger age (hazard ratio=1.73, confidence interval 95%: [1.19-2.53]; p=0.004). These results suggest that low plasma adiponectin is associated with an increased risk of premature CAD over and above the already exaggerated risk seen in FH patients.
authors.affiliation: Lipid Research Group and University of Montreal Community Genomic Medicine Center, Université de Montréal, Chicoutimi Hospital, 305 St. Vallier, Chicoutimi, Quebec G7H 5H6, Canada.
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bouhali
authors.affiliation: Lipid Research Group and University of Montreal Community Genomic Medicine Center, Université de Montréal, Chicoutimi Hospital, 305 St. Vallier, Chicoutimi, Quebec G7H 5H6, Canada.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brisson
authors.affiliation: Lipid Research Group and University of Montreal Community Genomic Medicine Center, Université de Montréal, Chicoutimi Hospital, 305 St. Vallier, Chicoutimi, Quebec G7H 5H6, Canada; Quebec Heart Institute, Laval Hospital, Sainte-Foy, Canada.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: St-Pierre
authors.affiliation: Lipid Research Group and University of Montreal Community Genomic Medicine Center, Université de Montréal, Chicoutimi Hospital, 305 St. Vallier, Chicoutimi, Quebec G7H 5H6, Canada.
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.affiliation: Lipid Research Group and University of Montreal Community Genomic Medicine Center, Université de Montréal, Chicoutimi Hospital, 305 St. Vallier, Chicoutimi, Quebec G7H 5H6, Canada.
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perron
authors.affiliation: Lipid Research Group and University of Montreal Community Genomic Medicine Center, Université de Montréal, Chicoutimi Hospital, 305 St. Vallier, Chicoutimi, Quebec G7H 5H6, Canada; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Canada.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laprise
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Marie-Claude
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Vohl
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Maud N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Vissers
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Hutten
authors.affiliation: Quebec Heart Institute, Laval Hospital, Sainte-Foy, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Després
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: John J P
authors.initials: JJP
authors.lastname: Kastelein
authors.affiliation: Lipid Research Group and University of Montreal Community Genomic Medicine Center, Université de Montréal, Chicoutimi Hospital, 305 St. Vallier, Chicoutimi, Quebec G7H 5H6, Canada. Electronic address: daniel.gaudet@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gaudet
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006938:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL