title: Honey ameliorates influence of hemorrhage and food restriction on renal and hepatic functions, and hematological and biochemical variables.
abstract: The objectives were to assess the effects of various diets, including total food restriction with 50% honey feeding, total food restriction with 50% dextrose feeding or adlibitum (control group) commercial regular diet, on the hematology and biochemical variables, and to assess the effects of the various diets on the influence of acute blood loss on the same parameters. Thirty Sprague-Dawley albino rats were divided into three groups, 10 rats each: group A, fed a commercial regular diet; group B, total food restriction with 50% dextrose feeding; and group C, total food restriction with 50% honey feeding. After 8 days of feeding, rats were subjected to acute blood loss (6 ml/kg) and blood investigations were performed. After acute blood loss, the same feedings were continued for a further 8 days and the blood tests were repeated at day 8 post-bleeding. Total food restriction with 50% dextrose feeding compared with commercial regular diet reduces hematological and biochemical variables. Total food restriction with 50% honey feeding compared with total food restriction with 50% dextrose feeding causes a greater reduction in fasting blood glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and triacylglycerol. Acute blood loss causes elevation of white blood cells, lymphocyte percentage, fasting blood sugar, blood urea nitrogen, alkaline phosphatase and triacylglycerol, and a reduction in serum albumen, protein, cholesterol, AST, serum creatinine and hemoglobin; the results are significant (P<0.05) concerning fasting blood glucose, AST, alkaline phosphatase, serum albumin and protein. A significant reduction in fasting blood glucose, white blood cells, BUN, AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase and triacylglycerol, and a significant elevation of hemoglobin and serum albumin are obtained after acute blood loss in rats on total food restriction with 50% honey feeding as compared with the other two groups. Total food restriction with 50% honey feeding increases serum albumin, serum protein, fasting blood glucose, and causes lower reduction in hemoglobin as compared with the other groups. Conclusively, honey feeding during total food restriction significantly modifies and ameliorates biochemical and hematological changes observed after acute blood loss. This will pave the way to use honey as part of bleeding management and during a food restriction regimen.
authors.affiliation: Al-Waili's Charitable Foundation for Science and Trading, Mount Vernon, New York 10550, USA. noori786@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Noori S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Al-Waili
authors.forename: Khelod Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Saloom
authors.forename: Mohammod
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akmal
authors.forename: Faiza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Al-Waili
authors.forename: Thia N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Al-Waili
authors.forename: Ali N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Al-Waili
authors.forename: Amjed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006722:Honey; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D014280:Triglycerides; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D005947:Glucose