Balanced optical-microwave phase detectors for optoelectronic phase-locked loops.
A balanced optical-microwave phase detector for the extraction of low-jitter, high-power, and drift-free microwave signals from optical pulse trains is presented. The phase detection is based on electro-optic sampling with a differentially biased Sagnac loop. Because the timing information is transferred in the optical domain, the regenerated microwave signal is robust against drifts and photodetector nonlinearities. In a first experimental implementation, 3 fs in-loop relative timing jitter (integrated from 1 Hz to 10 MHz) between a 44 MHz optical pulse train and a 10.225 GHz microwave signal is demonstrated.
Kim
J
J
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Kärtner
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FX
Ludwig
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