title: Use of dynamic compliance for open lung positive end-expiratory pressure titration in an experimental study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We tested whether the continuous monitoring of dynamic compliance could become a useful bedside tool for detecting the beginning of collapse of a fully recruited lung.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective laboratory animal investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical physiology research laboratory, University of Uppsala, Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight pigs submitted to repeated lung lavages.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lung recruitment maneuver, the effect of which was confirmed by predefined oxygenation, lung mechanics, and computed tomography scan criteria, was followed by a positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) reduction trial in a volume control mode with a tidal volume of 6 mL/kg. Every 10 mins, PEEP was reduced in steps of 2 cm H2O starting from 24 cm H2O. During PEEP reduction, lung collapse was defined by the maximum dynamic compliance value after which a first measurable decrease occurred. Open lung PEEP according to dynamic compliance was then defined as the level of PEEP before the point of collapse. This value was compared with oxygenation (Pao2) and CT scans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pao2 and dynamic compliance were monitored continuously, whereas computed tomography scans were obtained at the end of each pressure step. Collapse defined by dynamic compliance occurred at a PEEP of 14 cm H2O. This level coincided with the oxygenation-based collapse point when also shunt started to increase and occurred one step before the percentage of nonaerated tissue on the computed tomography exceeded 5%. Open lung PEEP was thus at 16 cm H2O, the level at which oxygenation and computed tomography scan confirmed a fully open, not yet collapsed lung condition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this experimental model, the continuous monitoring of dynamic compliance identified the beginning of collapse after lung recruitment. These findings were confirmed by oxygenation and computed tomography scans. This method might become a valuable bedside tool for identifying the level of PEEP that prevents end-expiratory collapse.
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit, Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Capio, Avenida de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28010 Madrid, Spain. fsuarez@fjd.es
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Suarez-Sipmann
authors.forename: Stephan H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Böhm
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tusman
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pesch
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Thamm
authors.forename: Hajo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reissmann
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reske
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magnusson
authors.forename: Göran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hedenstierna
mesh_terms: D000403:Airway Resistance; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002302:Cardiac Output; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008170:Lung Compliance; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D001261:Pulmonary Atelectasis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000628:therapy; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000628:therapy; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013552:Swine; D013990:Tidal Volume; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014655:Vascular Resistance