title: Supercritical carbon dioxide generated vascular endothelial growth factor encapsulated poly(DL-lactic acid) scaffolds induce angiogenesis in vitro.
abstract: The ability to deliver, over time, biologically active vascular endothelial growth factor-165 (VEGF) through tailored designed scaffolds offers tremendous therapeutic opportunities to tissue-engineered therapies. Porous biodegradable poly(DL-lactic) acid (PLA) scaffolds encapsulating VEGF have been generated using supercritical CO2 (scCO2) and the kinetic release and angiogenic activity of these scaffolds examined in vitro and in an ex vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenesis model. After processing through scCO2, VEGF maintained its angiogenic activity as assessed by increased tubule formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) cultured on Matrigel (VEGF = 1937 +/- 205 microm; scCO2-VEGF = 2085 +/- 234 microm; control = 1237 +/- 179 microm). VEGF release kinetics from scCO2-VEGF incorporated PLA monolith scaffolds showed a cumulative release of VEGF (2837 +/- 761 rhog/ml) over a 21 day period in culture. In addition, VEGF encapsulated PLA scaffolds increased the blood vessel network in the CAM compared to controls; control, 24.8 +/- 9.6; VEGF/PLA, 44.1 +/- 12.1 (vessels/field). These studies demonstrate that the controlled release of growth factors encapsulated into three-dimensional PLA scaffolds can actively stimulate the rapid development of therapeutic neovascularisation to regenerate or engineer tissues.
authors.affiliation: Bone and Joint Research Group, Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, University of Southampton, Southampton SO166YD, UK.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kanczler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ginty
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Howdle
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Shakesheff
authors.forename: R O C
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Oreffo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002645:Chickens; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide)