Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in children: a safe technique with major symptom relief and high parental satisfaction.
BACKGROUND
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is widely used for establishing enteral feeding. The aim of this study was to assess immediate and long-term results after PEG insertion.


METHODS
A total of 121 children were retrospectively reviewed. Median age was 2.4 years (range, 4 months-13.2 years) at the time of PEG insertion. Patient morbidity, indications for PEG, preoperative findings and perioperative complications were registered retrospectively. Parents/caregivers of 85 children were interviewed for long-term results.


RESULTS
Perioperative complications were seen in 12%. Twenty-four percent died at a median of 15 months (range, 1.5 months-8 years) after PEG. Eighty-five families were interviewed with a median follow-up time of 5.6 years (range, 1-10 years). A substantial majority (94%) of parents/caregivers reported that the PEG had a positive influence on their child's situation, and 98% would have chosen PEG insertion again. Vomiting/retching improved in 61% of the children, and oral intake enhanced in 43%. Stoma-related complications were frequent (73%). The gastrostomy tube was permanently removed at a median of 3 years (range, 7 months-7.3 years) after PEG placement in 25%. Delayed closure of the gastrocutaneous fistula after gastrostomy removal occurred in 48% of them. Time from insertion to removal was not predictive of delayed closure.


CONCLUSIONS
PEG is a safe technique for establishing enteral feeding, even in very sick children. Major complications are rare, although most children experience minor stoma-related problems. Parents/caregivers report that the gastrostomy is of great help for themselves and their child.
Avitsland
Tone Lise
TL
University of Oslo, Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet Medical Center, Oslo, Norway.
Kristensen
Charlotte
C
Emblem
Ragnhild
R
Veenstra
Marijke
M
Mala
Tom
T
Bjørnland
Kristin
K
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005773:Gastroscopy; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies