title: Pencil kernel correction and residual error estimation for quality-index-based dose calculations.
abstract: Experimental data from 593 photon beams were used to quantify the errors in dose calculations using a previously published pencil kernel model. A correction of the kernel was derived in order to remove the observed systematic errors. The remaining residual error for individual beams was modelled through uncertainty associated with the kernel model. The methods were tested against an independent set of measurements. No significant systematic error was observed in the calculations using the derived correction of the kernel and the remaining random errors were found to be adequately predicted by the proposed method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden. tufve.nyholm@radfys.umu.se
authors.forename: Tufve
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nyholm
authors.forename: Jörgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olofsson
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahnesjö
authors.forename: Dietmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Georg
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karlsson
mesh_terms: D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D001703:Biophysics; D016208:Databases, Factual; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D017785:Photons / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D035501:Uncertainty