title: Challenges in the therapeutic use of a "so-called" universal hemostatic agent: recombinant factor VIIa.
abstract: Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) was developed in the early 1990s to provide "bypassing" hemostatic therapy for hemophilia A and B patients with inhibitors. More recently, it has been licensed for use in patients with inherited deficiency of factor VII. Since it was licensed for use in hemophilia with inhibitors in the US, Europe, and other countries for these specific indications, it has been used selectively but in a wide array of clinical settings for uncontrolled hemorrhage in individuals without an inherited bleeding disorder. Many of these uses have been described in the medical literature as case reports or small, uncontrolled series. Several randomized clinical trials (RCT) for these "off-label" medical uses have been published in recent months and will serve as the focus of this review. In particular, a review of an RCT for spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage that has demonstrated clinical efficacy in reducing both mortality and volume of central nervous system hemorrhage will be offered. A brief discussion of hypothesized physiologic mechanisms of supraphysiologic doses of rFVIIa will introduce the clinical discussion of these broad off-label uses. Since rFVIIa is a very expensive therapy, possible strategies for optimizing its use in the these settings will be presented.
authors.affiliation: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center and University of Texas Health Science Center, Gulf States Hemophilia and Thrombophilia Center, 6655 Travis St., Suite 400, Houston TX 77030, USA. keith.hoots@uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: W Keith
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Hoots
mesh_terms: D005167:Factor VII / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005168:Factor VII Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D015942:Factor VIIa; D006467:Hemophilia A / Q000188:drug therapy; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D005167:Factor VII; C103587:recombinant FVIIa; D015942:Factor VIIa