title: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T-polymorphism and its association with alcohol withdrawal seizure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Elevated homocysteine plasma levels are considered as a risk factor for the occurrence of seizures during alcohol withdrawal. Homocysteine plasma concentrations seem to be influenced by the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T-polymorphism. It was investigated whether the T-allele of the MTHFR C677T-polymorphism is associated with alcohol dependence, alcohol withdrawal seizure (WS), or the daily amount of alcohol consumption.
  
  
  METHODS
  A group of 102 healthy controls and 221 alcoholic patients, including 97 patients with a history of mild withdrawal symptoms (MWS) and 70 patients with a history of alcohol WS, were genotyped, and personal data were collected for statistical evaluation in a case-control design.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The T-allele is significantly associated with WS by comparing alcoholic patients with a history of WS (T-allele frequency: 0.39) and healthy controls (T-allele frequency: 0.28) (p=0.03). Although there was no significant difference between alcoholic patients with only MWS and alcoholic patients with a history of WS, a trend for the T-allele frequency among the analyzed subgroups was noticed: T-allele frequency increased from f(T)=0.28 in healthy controls to f(T)=0.33 in alcoholic patients with MWS up to f(T)=0.40 in alcohol-dependent men having a WS. Differences between healthy male controls and male alcoholic patients concerning the T-allele frequency also turned out to be significant [f(T)=0.27 vs f(T)=0.37; p=0.03]. Daily alcohol intake was independent of T-allele carrier status in alcohol-dependent patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggests an influence of the MTHFR C677T-polymorphism on the etiology of alcohol WS and alcohol dependence in men in a western European population. An influence of MTHFR C677T on the daily amount of alcohol intake before admission among alcohol-dependent patients could not be shown.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen, Germany. Ulrich.lutz@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: Ulrich C
authors.initials: UC
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Batra
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kolb
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Machicao
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Köhnke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000235:genetics; D020270:Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures / Q000235:genetics*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003596:Cytosine; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D013941:Thymine
chemical_list: D003596:Cytosine; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); D013941:Thymine