title: Ca2+ dynamics along identified synaptic terminals in Drosophila larvae.
abstract: Changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) play an important role in the function and plasticity of synapses. We characterized the changes in [Ca2+]i produced by action potentials (APs) along two identified motor terminals found on separate muscle fibers in Drosophila larvae and examined factors that influence the amplitude and duration of the residual Ca2+ signal. We were able to measure Ca2+ transients produced along terminals by both single APs and AP trains using Oregon Green 488 BAPTA-1 and streaming images at 20-50 Hz. The decay of [Ca2+]i after single APs or AP trains was well fit by a single exponential. For single APs, the Ca2+ transient amplitude and decay rate were similar at boutons and bottleneck regions and much smaller at the axon. Also, the amplitude of single-AP Ca2+ transients was inversely correlated with bouton width. During AP trains, the increase in [Ca2+]i became more uniform: the difference in boutons and axons was reduced, and the increase in [Ca2+]i was not correlated with bouton width. The [Ca2+]i decay tau was directly correlated with bouton width for both single APs and AP trains. For one terminal, distal boutons had larger single-AP Ca2+ transients than proximal ones, probably attributable to greater Ca2+ influx for distal boutons. Pharmacological studies showed that Ca2+ clearance from these synaptic terminals after single APs and AP trains was primarily attributable to Ca2+ extrusion by the plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA). Immunostaining of larval muscle fibers showed high levels of the PMCA at the neuromuscular junction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA. gregl@albany.edu
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Lnenicka
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grizzaffi
authors.forename: Bomi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nidhi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rumpal
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004330:Drosophila; D045604:Extracellular Fluid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D007814:Larva; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000378:metabolism; D053499:Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C403124:Oregon Green BAPTA-dextran; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D053499:Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002118:Calcium