title: Anesthesia for cesarean section in a patient with Holt-Oram syndrome.
abstract: Holt-Oram syndrome is a rare genetic disorder affecting the heart and upper limbs (atriodigital dysplasia). The manifestations of the limb defects may vary in severity from subtle carpal bone defects and triphalangeal thumb to digit aplasia and upper extremity phocomelia. Cardiac abnormalities include atrial and/or ventricular septal defects, anomalies in pulmonary venous return and various dysrhythmias. We present the anesthetic management of a parturient with this syndrome who underwent elective cesarean section and tubal ligation, conducted under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with a low dose of intrathecal bupivacaine. Our goal was to avoid an excessively high sympathetic block or excessive sympathetic stimulation accompanied by potential deleterious effects on cardiac rhythm. Cardiac monitoring was continued in the postoperative period for 6 h because of the possibility of dysrhythmia.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Anesthesia, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center at Women's College Hospital and the University of Toronto, Canada. aioscovich@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ioscovich
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akoury
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sternberg
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Halpern
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple; D000328:Adult; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000379:methods*; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000379:methods; D002585:Cesarean Section; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D017880:Limb Deformities, Congenital; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D013246:Sterilization, Tubal; D013577:Syndrome; D014463:Ultrasonography