title: Down-regulation of insulin-like growth factor I receptor activity by NVP-AEW541 has an antitumor effect on neuroblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Signaling through insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) is important for growth and survival of many tumor types. Neuroblastoma is sensitive to IGF.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed the ability of NVP-AEW541, a recently developed small molecule that selectively inhibits IGF-IR activity, for neuroblastoma growth effects in vitro and in vivo. Our data showed that, in a panel of 10 neuroblastoma cell lines positive for IGF-IR expression, NVP-AEW541 inhibited in vitro proliferation in a submicromolar/micromolar (0.4-6.8) range of concentrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As expected, NVP-AEW541 inhibited IGF-II-mediated stimulation of IGF-IR and Akt. In addition to growth inhibition, the drug also induced apoptosis in vitro. Oral administration of NVP-AEW541 (50 mg/kg twice daily) inhibited tumor growth of neuroblastoma xenografts in nude mice. Analysis of tumors from the drug-treated animals revealed a marked apoptotic pattern and a decrease in microvascularization compared with controls. Interestingly, quantitative real-time PCR detected both in vitro and in vivo a significant down-regulation of mRNA for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) caused by NVP-AEW541. In addition, in Matrigel-coated chambers and in severe combined immunodeficient mice tail vein injected with neuroblastoma cells, tumor invasiveness was significantly reduced by this agent. Analysis of IGF-IR expression in a series of 43 neuroblastoma primary tumors revealed IGF-IR positivity in 86% of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, these data indicate that NVP-AEW541 can be considered as a novel promising candidate for treatment of neuroblastoma patients.
authors.affiliation: Section of Toxicology and Biomedical Sciences, Ente per le Nuove tecnologie l'Energia e l'Ambiente, Research Center Casaccia, La Sapienza University, Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory of Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tanno
authors.forename: Camillo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vitali
authors.forename: Mariateresa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mancuso
authors.forename: Heather P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: McDowell
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dominici
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Raschellà
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous / Q000473:pathology; D047368:Tumor Burden / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C501177:NVP-AEW541; D011743:Pyrimidines; D011758:Pyrroles; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3