title: Quantification of dichloroiodomethane and bromochloroiodomethane in human blood by solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry.
abstract: Iodine-containing trihalomethanes (iodo-THMs) are formed as disinfection byproducts when iodide-containing water is disinfected using chloramination process. Subsequent water use may lead to human exposure to iodo-THMs. Because of health concerns surrounding exposure to iodo-THMs, a rapid, reliable, and high-throughput analytical method was developed to quantify trace levels of two iodo-THMs: dichloroiodomethane (IDCM) and bromochloroiodomethane (IBCM) in human blood. These analytes from the headspace above blood samples were extracted using solid-phase microextraction. Analytes were then desorbed and separated by capillary gas chromatography and analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry with multiple ion monitoring. This method utilizes stable isotope dilution to quantify parts-per-trillion levels of all analytes, with excellent precision of < 9% coefficient of variation. At three spiked levels, method accuracy of IDCM and IBCM ranged between 6 and 20% difference when comparing spiked and measured amounts. The method limit of detection was 2 ng/L for both IDCM and IBCM. This selective, sensitive, and rapid method will help to assess human exposure to iodo-THMs and to study potential associations between exposure and adverse health outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA. LSILVA@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Lalith K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bonin
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: McKague
authors.forename: Benjamin C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Blount
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D006847:Hydrocarbons, Iodinated / Q000097:blood*; D022882:Trihalomethanes / Q000097:blood*; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D006847:Hydrocarbons, Iodinated; D022882:Trihalomethanes