title: Congenital vaginal fistula from a single system ectopic ureter: A case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vaginal fistulae particularly vesico-vagina fistula, is a common urogynaecologic problem in Sub-Saharan Africa. Majority of these cases are acquired and congenital fistulas are rare. We here report a case of congenital vaginal fistula secondary to an ectopic ureter in 15 year old Nigerian female.
  
  
  METHODS
  The case records of a 15 year old female who presented to the obstetrics and gynaecological unit of the Federal Medical centre Azare and a Review of literature on the subject was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 15-old-girl presented with continuous leakage of urine from the vaginal since birth despite the establishment of normal voiding habit. Examination revealed urine leaking from a pinhole fistula in the vestibule. Intravenous urography showed delayed excretion of the right kidney with a normal single ureter (single system) and normal left kidney. Ureteric implantation into the bladder was performed with good postoperative outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In an environment with scarce resources, managing ectopic ureter in the female is quiet challenging. Multidisciplinary approach involving the urologist, paediatric surgeon, radiologist and the gynaecologist will yield the best outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria. maabdul90@yahoo.com
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Abdul
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Yusuf
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liadi
authors.forename: A U
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Hamidu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities; D014513:Ureter / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology; D014719:Vesicovaginal Fistula / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*