title: [From risk charts to guidelines: tools for evaluation and management of cardiovascular risk].
abstract: Despite the wide improvement of diagnostic techniques and the introduction of effective pharmacological and instrumental therapeutic strategies aimed to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, their incidence and lethality are still elevated, with economic implications increasingly less sustainable by the public medical systems. The modern practice of cardiovascular prevention requires, thus, that diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, both at population level and on the single patient, should be more and more precise, effective, and appropriate. From this point of view, a correct global cardiovascular risk stratification assumes a preponderant relevance, in order to allow an adequate therapeutical response. For this purpose several work instruments, as risk charts and guidelines, namely dedicated to arterial hypertension and dyslipidemias, were developed and offered to clinicians interested in cardiovascular prevention. The aim of this review is to illustrate, in synthesis, those instruments, aiming to facilitate their implementation, thus reducing the actual gap between theoretical indications and the real world.
authors.affiliation: Cardiologa, AUSL Verona.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Castello
authors.forename: Furio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Colivicchi
authors.forename: Mariagrazia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sclavo
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uguccioni
authors.forename: Alberto Genovesi
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ebert
authors.forename: Maurizio G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Abrignani
authors.forename: Pompilio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Faggiano
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Riccio
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005062:European Union; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D007558:Italy; D008499:Medical Records; D011159:Population Surveillance; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011322:Primary Prevention; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects