title: [Radiofrequency ablation of malignant liver tumors: use of a volumetric necrosis-tumor ratio for local control].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sufficient safety margins are essential for preventing local tumor recurrence after radiofrequency ablation RFA of malignant liver tumors. The aim was to determine the initial tumor volume, ablation necrosis volume, and the necrosis-tumor quotient in order to compare these parameters with the rate of local control during follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  35 patients with 53 tumor nodules (29 colorectal metastases and 24 HCC nodules) were enrolled. RFA procedures were performed under CT guidance with intravenous conscious sedation. Tumor volumes were measured based on CT data sets and the necrosis volume was assessed using the sum-of-area method. A volumetric necrosis/tumor quotient (NTQ) was calculated for all lesions. Follow-up examinations were performed after 3, 6, and 12 months and then on a yearly basis to identify local recurrent tumors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CRC metastases and HCC nodules had a median tumor volume of 8.3 ml and 7.4 ml, respectively. The mean ablation volumes were 37.6 ml and 29.5 ml, respectively. This resulted in a median NTQ of 3.9 for metastases and 3.4 for HCC. The follow-up (mean time 18 months) revealed local tumor recurrence in 16 of 29 (55 %) metastases and 10 of 24 (42 %) HCC nodules. In lesions with local recurrence, the initial tumor volume was significantly greater and the NTQ was significantly smaller. A threshold value of 3.4 for NTQ has the highest predictive value for local tumor recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The volumetric necrosis/tumor quotient NTQ makes it possible to predict the local outcome and can be used for the planning of additional therapy.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinik Essen. hilmar.kuehl@uk-essen.de
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kühl
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stattaus
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kühl
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Boes
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Antoch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frilling
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Forsting
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D047368:Tumor Burden