title: Inhibition of growth of cervical cancer cells using a dominant negative estrogen receptor gene.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Estrogen stimulates human papilloma virus oncogene expression, promotes cervical cancer (CC) cell proliferation and prevents apoptosis. Therefore, blockage of estrogen function may have therapeutic application to CC.
  
  
  METHODS
  CasKi CC cells were transfected with an adenovirus expressing a dominant negative estrogen receptor gene (Ad-ER-DN) and their responses were investigated by RT-PCR, Flow Cytometry and Western blot assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transfected cells showed disturbance of cell colony morphology, reduced HPV E6 and E7 mRNA, interruption of cell proliferation, reduced cyclin D1 protein and expression of apoptosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report, for the first time, the use of Ad-ER-DN to block estrogen receptors which led to dramatic changes in CC cells that are consistent with the possible reactivation of cellular p53 and Rb function. Their reactivation most likely allowed the recognition of existing chromosome abnormalities as a serious stress signal and the initiation of a cascade of cellular events in response to the stress, including the activation of the core apoptotic machinery which led to self-destruction of the CC cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1110, USA. William.au@utmb.edu
authors.forename: William W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Au
authors.forename: Salama
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdou-Salama
authors.forename: Ayman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Hendy
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000235:genetics; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D050725:Papillomavirus E7 Proteins; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: C068651:E6 protein, Human papillomavirus type 16; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D050725:Papillomavirus E7 Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C059731:oncogene protein E7, Human papillomavirus type 16; D019938:Cyclin D1