title: Resolvin E2: identification and anti-inflammatory actions: pivotal role of human 5-lipoxygenase in resolvin E series biosynthesis.
abstract: The family of resolvins consists of omega-3 fatty acid-derived mediators, including E series resolvins generated from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and carry potent anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we report the isolation, identification, and bioactions of resolvin E2 (RvE2), which is 5S,18-dihydroxy-eicosapentaenoic acid. RvE2 stopped zymosan-induced polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocyte infiltration and displayed potent anti-inflammatory properties in murine peritonitis. We also demonstrate that human recombinant 5-lipoxygenase generates RvE2 from a common precursor of E series resolvins, namely, 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoate (18-HEPE). Furthermore, the initial 5-hydroperoxide intermediate was also converted to a 5(6)-epoxide intermediate in RvE1 formation. These results demonstrate that RvE2, together with RvE1, may contribute to the beneficial actions of omega-3 fatty acids in human diseases. Moreover, they indicate that the 5-lipoxygenase in human leukocytes is a pivotal enzyme that can produce both pro- and anti-inflammatory chemical mediators.
authors.affiliation: Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tjonahen
authors.forename: Sungwhan F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Siegelman
authors.forename: Siva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elangovan
authors.forename: Katherine B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Percarpio
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arita
authors.forename: Charles N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Serhan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D015054:Zymosan
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C517406:resolvin E2; D015054:Zymosan; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase; C499823:5S,12R,18R-trihydroxy-6Z,8E,10E,14Z,16E-eicosapentaenoic acid