Clinical and immunological diversity of limbic encephalitis: a model for paraneoplastic neurologic disorders.
The most important contribution to the understanding and management of paraneoplastic neurologic disorders (PND) is the discovery that many of these diseases are immune mediated. It is believed that cytotoxic T-cell responses and antibodies that target neuronal proteins usually expressed by the underlying tumor cause the neurologic symptoms. The detection of these antibodies has provided diagnostic tests that allow recognition of the disorder as paraneoplastic and direct the search of the tumor to selected organs. This article summarizes the authors' findings of limbic encephalitis and postulates that a similar approach can be used for syndromes involving other areas of the nervous system.
Dalmau
Josep
J
Department of Neurology, Section of Neuro-Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, 3 Gates Building, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. josep.dalmau@uphs.upenn.edu
Bataller
Luis
L
D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D020363:Limbic Encephalitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D009474:Neurons / Q000276:immunology
D000906:Antibodies