Echovirus 4 associated to hand, foot and mouth disease.
Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious enteroviral infection occurring primarily in children and characterized by vesicular palmoplantar eruptions and erosive stomatitis. Echovirus 4 (EV-4) has been commonly associated with aseptic meningitis. The association of HFMD with EV-4 has not been reported previously. Two samples of a 14-month child who presented mild fever, sores in the mouth, rash with blisters on the palm of hands and soles of feet were sent to Enteric Viruses Laboratory of Adolfo Lutz Institute. Clinical samples were inoculated in three different cell lines, and those which presented cytopathic effect (CPE), were submitted to Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) and "one step" RT-PCR. Agarose gel electrophoresis from RT-PCR product, showed a product with 437 bp, which is characteristic of Enterovirus group. Echovirus 4 was identified by IFA. Although HFMD is a viral infection associated mainly with Enterovirus 71 (HEV-71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16), our results demonstrate a diversity of serotype related to HFMD and stress the importance of epidemiological surveillance to this disease and its complications.
Russo
Denise Hage
DH
Enteric Viruses Laboratory, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. denrusso@ial.sp.gov.br
Luchs
Adriana
A
Machado
Bráulio Caetano
BC
Carmona
Rita de Cássia
Rde C
Timenetsky
Maria do Carmo Sampaio
Mdo C
D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
D012367:RNA, Viral