title: Chondrocyte signaling and artificial matrices for articular cartilage engineering.
abstract: Chondrocytes depend on their environment to aid in their expression of appropriate proteins. It has been found that the interaction of integrin receptors with chondrocytes effects the production of extracellular molecules such as type II collagen and aggrecan. Additionally, the presence of growth factors such as IGF-1, TGF-beta1 and BMP-7 induce various signaling pathways that also aid in transducing phenotypic expressions by chondrocytes. Natural and synthetic polymers have been used to act as a scaffold for chondrocytes. The production of extracellular matrix proteins by chondrocytes has been studied. As tissue engineers, it is advantageous to explore the possibility of how altering biomaterial properties affect the signaling cascades by activation of receptors and transduction through the cytoplasm. This vital information will be able to aid in the future of engineering an appropriate biomaterial that can incorporate chondrocytes to act as a scaffold for articular cartilage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Diana M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Fisher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002356:Cartilage / Q000378:metabolism*; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism*; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D015398:Signal Transduction; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D011108:Polymers