title: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) delta genetic polymorphism and its association with insulin resistance index and fasting plasma glucose concentrations in Chinese subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have shown that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD) genetic polymorphism affects cholesterol metabolism in Whites. This association was not observed in a Korean population in a separate study, but this study showed a link between the PPARD polymorphism and body weight and fasting plasma glucose. The purpose of this study was to determine whether polymorphisms of PPARD influence glucose and cholesterol metabolism in Chinese subjects. We investigated the association between the polymorphism (-87T/C) of the human PPARD gene and phenotypes related to body weight, insulin sensitivity, glucose and lipid metabolism in Chinese subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Unrelated Chinese subjects (n = 663) in Shanghai were studied; 287 had newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus and 376 were non-diabetic control subjects over 40 years old. Clinical parameters were collected and genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In normal glucose tolerant (NGT) subjects, the C allele carriers had higher fasting plasma glucose concentrations (P = 0.0078) and a lower insulin sensitivity index (ISI) (P = 0.0365). The C allele carriers also showed higher concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.0261) and percentage of body fat (P = 0.0357). There was a trend towards higher visceral adiposity in C allele carriers, but the difference was not significant (P = 0.0830). In diabetes patients, similar results were detected for plasma glucose concentrations (fasting plasma glucose P < 0.0001, 2-h plasma glucose P = 0.0052) and insulin sensitivity (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance P = 0.0094; ISI P = 0.0058).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PPARD-87T/C polymorphism is associated with higher fasting plasma glucose concentrations in both NGT and diabetic subjects, largely due to impaired insulin sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xiang
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D002681:China; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis / Q000379:methods; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047494:PPAR delta / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D047494:PPAR delta