Gastrin - active participant or bystander in gastric carcinogenesis?
Gastrin is a pro-proliferative, anti-apoptotic hormone with a central role in acid secretion in the gastric mucosa and a long-standing association with malignant progression in transgenic mouse models. However, its exact role in human gastric malignancy requires further validation. Gastrin expression is tightly regulated by two closely associated hormones, somatostatin and gastrin-releasing peptide, and aspects of their interaction may be deregulated during progression to gastric adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, agonists and antagonists of the receptors for all three hormones have shown modest clinical efficacy against gastric adenocarcinoma, which might provide useful information on the future combined use of these agents.
Watson
Susan A
SA
Academic Unit of Cancer Studies, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK. sue.watson@nottingham.ac.uk
Grabowska
Anna M
AM
El-Zaatari
Mohamad
M
Takhar
Arjun
A
D000818:Animals; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002465:Cell Movement; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019886:Gastrin-Releasing Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D005755:Gastrins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D005755:Gastrins; D013004:Somatostatin; D019886:Gastrin-Releasing Peptide