title: Inhibitory effect of Panax notoginseng on nitric oxide synthase, cyclo-oxygenase-2 and neutrophil functions.
abstract: A water extract of Panax notoginseng Buck F.H. Chen. (Arialiaceae) root (PN) is being used as a therapeutic agent to stop haemorrhages and as a tonic to promote health in Korean and Chinese medicine. The pharmacokinetic profiles of PN have not been accurately investigated. The preliminary aim was to elucidate the pharmacokinetic features of PN. First, the prevention of neutrophil functions was assessed. PN inhibited neutrophil functions, including degranulation, superoxide generation and leukotriene B4 production, without any effect on 5-lipoxygenase activity. PN reduced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PG)E2 production in mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) while no influence on the activity of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) or cyclo-oxygenase-1 (COX-1) was observed. PN significantly reduced mouse paw oedema induced by carrageenan. The results indicate that PN exerts antiinflammatory effects related to the inhibition of neutrophil functions and NO and PGE2 production, which could be due to a decreased expression of iNOS and COX-2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Chunchun-Dong, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do 440-746, Korea.
authors.forename: Un-Ho
authors.initials: UH
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Soon-Gi
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seok-Jong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: June-Ki
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong-Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung-Kwon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Young-Choon
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Won-Hwan
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Cheorl-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000187:drug effects; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008861:Microsomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D053723:Panax notoginseng; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C519374:Panax notoginseng extract; D013481:Superoxides; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D013929:Thromboxane B2; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; C496512:Ptgs1 protein, mouse; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase; D015232:Dinoprostone; D007213:Indomethacin