title: The impact of age and Medicare status on bariatric surgical outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Medicare status and increasing age are associated with poor outcomes from bariatric surgical procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  National sample of hospitalized patients in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult patients undergoing bariatric surgery in 2001 and 2002.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mortality and adverse events.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We assessed 25 428 bariatric procedures with logistic regression, finding that age (odds ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.07), male sex (odds ratio, 2.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.48-4.03), electrolyte disorders (odds ratio, 13.91; 95% confidence interval, 8.29-23.33), and congestive heart failure (odds ratio, 4.96; 95% confidence interval, 2.52-9.77) were independent risk factors for bariatric surgery mortality. Adverse outcomes increased as a function of age in a nearly linear fashion, with a steep increase after the age of 65 years. Most Medicare patients undergoing these operations were younger than 65 years and had a much greater disease burden than non-Medicare patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Age, male sex, electrolyte disorders, and congestive heart failure were independent risk factors for bariatric surgical mortality. Limiting bariatric surgical procedures to those younger than 65 years is warranted because of the high morbidity and mortality associated with these operations in older patients.
authors.affiliation: Veterans Affairs North Texas Health Care System, Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX 75390-9156, USA. edward.livingston@utsouthwestern.edu
authors.forename: Edward H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Livingston
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Langert
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D006278:Medicare; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012737:Sex Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014481:United States; D014883:Water-Electrolyte Imbalance