title: Propiverine hydrochloride immediate and extended release: comparison of efficacy and tolerability in patients with overactive bladder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aims to compare the efficacy of propiverine hydrochloride immediate release (IR), propiverine hydrochloride extended release (ER) and placebo for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome. The primary outcome measure is incontinence episode frequency, with secondary outcome measures including mean volume per void and quality of life as assessed on King's Health Questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  The double-blind, double-dummy, randomized study compared IR 15 mg twice daily, ER 30 mg once daily and placebo in 3 parallel groups. After a run-in period of 7 days, the patients were treated for 32 days. Nine hundred and eighty-eight patients were randomized, and 910 patients completed the protocol without major violations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of incontinence episodes/24 h decreased by 2.26 in the IR group (p < 0.001 vs. placebo), by 2.46 in the ER group (p < 0.0001 vs. placebo) and by 1.75 in the placebo group. The most frequent adverse event was dry mouth with 22.8% of the patients in the IR group, 21.7% in the ER group and 6.4% in the placebo group. The overall tolerability was rated 'very good' or 'good' by more than 80% of the investigators and patients in all 3 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Propiverine ER 30 mg once daily and propiverine IR 15 mg twice daily significantly reduce the number of incontinence episodes/24 h within a treatment period of 32 days. Both formulations are safe and well tolerated. The extended release formulation of propiverine is a suitable new option for the treatment of the overactive bladder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital Kiel, Kiel, Germany. kjuenemann@urology.uni-kiel.de
authors.forename: K-P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Jünemann
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hessdörfer
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Unamba-Oparah
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berse
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brünjes
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Madersbacher
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gramatté
mesh_terms: D001561:Benzilates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001561:Benzilates; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; C015586:propiverine