title: Primary uretero-iliac fistula: the unusual source of haematuria.
abstract: Uretero-iliac fistula is a rare cause of frank haematuria. The aetiology of such fistula is commonly iatrogenic. We present a unique case of a primary aorto-iliac fistula in the absence of an aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation. The diagnosis was demonstrated by ureteroscopy and real-time retrograde ureterogram. Multiple arterial embolisation of the fistula had failed, and the patient underwent a successful ureterolysis and ligation of fistula. We demonstrate the diagnostic difficulties and treatment dilemma of such rare cause of haematuria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, United Kingdom. tak_khong@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Tak Loon
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Khong
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Winstanley
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Christmas
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ramsay
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006417:Hematuria / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007083:Iliac Artery; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014513:Ureter / Q000473:pathology; D014548:Urinary Fistula / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D016157:Vascular Fistula / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy