title: Genomewide linkage scan of hand osteoarthritis in female twin pairs showing replication of quantitative trait loci on chromosomes 2 and 19.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Until recently, there has been little agreement between conflicting results of osteoarthritis (OA) linkage. The purpose of this study was to conduct a whole-genome linkage scan to identify susceptibility loci for idiopathic hand OA in a large, population-based sample of females.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two OA-related radiographic phenotypes DIP (distal interphalangeal joints)-OA and Tot-KL (Kellgren-Lawrence score for both hands) chosen a priori were examined on 538 (269 pairs) monozygous and 1256 (628 pairs) dizygous (DZ) females. A genome-wide scan using microsatellite markers spaced 10 cM apart was performed on 1028 DZ twins. First, the heritability of the two OA phenotypes was estimated. Next, multipoint linkage analysis was conducted using a modified version of the Haseman-Elston method in a generalised linear model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Heritability for DIP-OA and Tot-KL was found to be 47.6% and 67.4%, respectively. A genome-wide scan produced reliable evidence of significant linkage of DIP-OA on chromosome 2 at 90 cM (logarithmic odds ratio (LOD) = 2.90) and for Tot-KL on chromosome 19 at 65 cM (LOD = 4.26). These results are in agreement with data published previously. Several other significant linkage peaks were observed-for example, on chromosome 1 at 250 cM and on chromosome 3 at 30 cM-but were confirmed less reliably.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is one of the largest OA linkage studies performed to date and provides clear evidence for linkage at two quantitative trait loci (on chromosome 2 at 90 cM and on chromosome 19 at 65 cM). As the results were robust and replicated in previous smaller studies, the fine mapping of these regions is a logical next step to pinpoint potential susceptibility gene(s) of interest.
authors.affiliation: Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Livshits
authors.forename: Bernet S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Guangju
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Deborah J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: Alex J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: MacGregor
authors.forename: Frances M K
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Tim D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Spector
mesh_terms: D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / Q000235:genetics; D002888:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / Q000235:genetics; D002889:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 / Q000235:genetics; D002893:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 / Q000235:genetics; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005384:Finger Joint; D008040:Genetic Linkage / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D015894:Genome, Human / Q000235:genetics; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci / Q000235:genetics*; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic / Q000235:genetics; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic / Q000235:genetics