Various distinctive cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia aged 60 years and older express adverse prognostic value: results from a prospective clinical trial.
Diagnostic cytogenetic abnormalities are considered important prognostic factors in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). However, the prognostic assessments have mainly been derived from patients with AML aged <60 years. Two recent studies of AML patients of 60 years and older proposed prognostic classifications with distinct discrepancies. To further study the prognostic value of cytogenetic abnormalities in this patient population, we have evaluated cytogenetic abnormalities in a series of 293 untreated patients with AML aged 60 years and older, included in a randomised phase 3 trial, also in relation to patient characteristics and clinical outcome. The most frequently observed cytogenetic abnormality was trisomy 8 (+8), in 31 (11%) patients. Abnormalities, such as -5, 5q-, abn(17p) and abn(17q), were almost exclusively present in complex karyotypes. A relatively favourable outcome was only observed in five patients with core-binding factor abnormalities t(8;21) and inv(16)/del(16)/t(16;16). However, most of the other evaluated cytogenetic abnormalities, such as 5q-, -7, +8, abn(17p), abn(17q), and complex aberrations expressed a more adverse prognosis when compared with patients with AML aged 60 years and older with a normal karyotype. Large studies to confirm the prognosis of individual cytogenetic aberrations are warranted.
van der Holt
Bronno
B
Department of Trials and Statistics-HOVON Data Centre, Erasmus MC-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. b.vanderholt@erasmusmc.nl
Breems
Dimitri A
DA
Berna Beverloo
H
H
van den Berg
Eva
E
Burnett
Alan K
AK
Sonneveld
Pieter
P
Löwenberg
Bob
B
D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D019450:Genes, MDR; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D003524:Cyclosporins; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; C070272:valspodar