title: Mutations in the MutSalpha interaction interface of MLH1 can abolish DNA mismatch repair.
abstract: MutLalpha, a heterodimer of MLH1 and PMS2, plays a central role in human DNA mismatch repair. It interacts ATP-dependently with the mismatch detector MutSalpha and assembles and controls further repair enzymes. We tested if the interaction of MutLalpha with DNA-bound MutSalpha is impaired by cancer-associated mutations in MLH1, and identified one mutation (Ala128Pro) which abolished interaction as well as mismatch repair activity. Further examinations revealed three more residues whose mutation interfered with interaction. Homology modelling of MLH1 showed that all residues clustered in a small accessible surface patch, suggesting that the major interaction interface of MutLalpha for MutSalpha is located on the edge of an extensive beta-sheet that backs the MLH1 ATP binding pocket. Bioinformatic analysis confirmed that this patch corresponds to a conserved potential protein-protein interaction interface which is present in both human MLH1 and its E.coli homologue MutL. MutL could be site-specifically crosslinked to MutS from this patch, confirming that the bacterial MutL-MutS complex is established by the corresponding interface in MutL. This is the first study that identifies the conserved major MutLalpha-MutSalpha interaction interface in MLH1 and demonstrates that mutations in this interface can affect interaction and mismatch repair, and thereby can also contribute to cancer development.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Gebäude 41 Kirrberger Strasse, Universität des Saarlandes, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Plotz
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Welsch
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giron-Monzon
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Friedhoff
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.forename: Albrecht
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piiper
authors.forename: Ricardo M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Biondi
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lengauer
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeuzem
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raedle
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D053843:DNA Mismatch Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1; D000070956:MutL Proteins; D051718:MutS Homolog 2 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C094443:G-T mismatch-binding protein; C501486:MLH1 protein, human; C074770:MutL protein, E coli; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C497172:MSH2 protein, human; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1; D000070956:MutL Proteins; D051718:MutS Homolog 2 Protein