title: Proteome-wide profiling of isoniazid targets in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
abstract: Isoniazid (INH) is an essential drug used to treat tuberculosis. The mycobactericidal agents are INH adducts [INH-NAD(P)] of the pyridine nucleotide coenzymes, which are generated in vivo after INH activation and which bind to, and inhibit, essential enzymes. The NADH-dependent enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) and the NADPH-dependent dihydrofolate reductase (DfrA) have both been shown to be inhibited by INH-NAD(P) adducts with nanomolar affinity. In this paper, we profiled the Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteome using both the INH-NAD and INH-NADP adducts coupled to solid supports and identified, in addition to InhA and DfrA, 16 other proteins that bind these adducts with high affinity. The majority of these are predicted to be pyridine nucleotide-dependent dehydrogenases/reductases. They are involved in many cellular processes, including S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyl transfer reactions, pyrimidine and valine catabolism, the arginine degradative pathway, proton and potassium transport, stress response, lipid metabolism, and riboflavin biosynthesis. The targeting of multiple enzymes could, thus, account for the pleiotropic effects of, and powerful mycobactericidal properties of, INH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
authors.forename: Argyrides
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Argyrou
authors.forename: Lianji
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Siconilfi-Baez
authors.forename: Ruth H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Angeletti
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Blanchard
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020543:Proteome
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D007538:Isoniazid