title: Undertreatment of cardiovascular risk factors among persons with diabetes in the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the extent of control of cardiovascular risk factors and distance from goal for those with uncontrolled levels in a recent sample of U.S. adults with diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2002, 532 (projected to 15.2 million) or 7.3% of adults aged >/=18 years had diabetes. Use of antihypertensive, antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic medications was examined. We determined the proportion of subjects not at goal for blood pressure (BP), lipids and glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) and examined the distance from goal for those not under control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 50.2% of subjects with diabetes were not at goal for A1C, 64.6% for low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), 52.3% for high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), 48.6% for triglycerides and 53.0% BP. Only 5.3% of men and 12.7% of women with diabetes were simultaneously at goal for A1C, LDL-C and BP. Even among those on treatment, most were not at goal for these parameters. Women were more likely to have LDL-C and HDL-C not at goal than men. Non-Hispanic Blacks were more often not at goal for BP and LDL-C. Mean distances from targets were 36mg/dL for LDL-C, 18mmHg for systolic BP, 6mmHg for diastolic BP and 2.0% for A1C in patients not at goal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many U.S. adults with diabetes have sub-optimal control of cardiovascular risk factors and remain far from target goals for BP, lipids and A1C, even if on treatment.
authors.affiliation: Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
authors.forename: Shaista
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Nathan D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006306:Health Surveys; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human