title: Serum and prostatic tissue concentrations of moxifloxacin in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate.
abstract: The spectrum of pathogens causing chronic bacterial prostatitis comprises Gram-negative, Gram-positive and atypical microorganisms. Because of its broad spectrum of activity, the group 4 fluoroquinolone moxifloxacin might be a suitable antibiotic for treatment of bacterial prostatitis. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the penetration of moxifloxacin into prostatic tissue in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Patients received a single dose of moxifloxacin 400 mg in an 1 hour lasting infusion (250 ml) for perioperative prophylaxis before undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Serum concentrations were determined in all patients before infusion, at the end of infusion (time point 0), 0.5, 1 and 2 h after the end of infusion. Patients were randomized for tissue sampling either 0, 0.5, 1 or 2 h after the end of infusion. At beginning of TURP approximately 1 g of tissue was sampled for analysis. Concentrations of moxifloxacin in serum and tissue were determined by HPLC. 39 patients were evaluated. Median serum and prostatic tissue concentrations peaked at 0 h (4.94 mg/ L and 8.50 mg/ kg, respectively). The lowest concentrations were quantified at 2 h after the end of infusion (2.46 mg/ L and 3.88 mg/ kg, respectively). The prostatic tissue concentrations of moxifloxacin were approximately twice as high as in corresponding serum. At the end of infusion the tissue and serum concentrations seemed to be already equilibrated, as their ratios did not differ significantly during the time of investigation. After an intravenous infusion of 400 mg the serum and prostatic tissue concentrations of moxifloxacin were well above the MIC values of most important prostatic pathogens. The high tissue/ serum ratio and the extended antibacterial spectrum suggests active concentration in the prostate which may translate into increased efficacy compared to group 2 and 3 fluoroquinolones in the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis.
authors.affiliation: Urologic Clinic, Hospital St. Elisabeth, Straubing, Germany. Wagenlehner@AOL.com
authors.forename: F M E
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Wagenlehner
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lunz
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kees
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wieland
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Naber
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001682:Biological Availability; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D011467:Prostate / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000601:surgery; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery; D011804:Quinolines / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011804:Quinolines; D000077266:Moxifloxacin