Factors associated with immunoprophylaxis failure against vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus.
In spite of adequate immunoprophylaxis, perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) has not been completely eliminated. This study evaluated the factors associated with the failure of HBV immunoprophylaxis. The study participants were 144 children who were born to HBsAg-seropositive mothers of known HBeAg status and they had received HB immune globulin and HB vaccine within 24 hours after birth followed by two further administrations of HB vaccine as recommended. Seventeen of the children (11.8%) suffered immunoprophylaxis failure, defined by HBsAg-seropositivity. The rate of HBV immunoprophylaxis failure was 12%, 0%, 21%, 0%, and 27% among the children born to HBsAg-seropositive, HBeAg-seronegative, HBeAg-seropositive, undetectable HBV DNA, and detectable HBV DNA mothers, respectively. The failure of HBV immunoprophylaxis was significantly associated with maternal HBeAg-seropositivity and HBV DNA seropositivity. To identify those children at high risk of HBV immunoprophylaxis failure, maternal HBeAg and HBV DNA need to be assessed prior to childbirth.
Song
Yun-Mi
YM
Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwondong, Gangnamgu, Seoul, South Korea. ymsong@smc.samsung.co.kr
Sung
Joohon
J
Yang
Soonha
S
Choe
Yon Ho
YH
Chang
Yun Sil
YS
Park
Won Soon
WS
D001034:Apgar Score; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D012307:Risk Factors; D017211:Treatment Failure
D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D007155:Immunologic Factors; C045213:hepatitis B hyperimmune globulin