title: The effect of the use of mouthwash on ethylglucuronide concentrations in urine.
abstract: Two studies were performed to evaluate the effect of alcohol containing mouthwash on the appearance of ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in urine. In the first study, 9 volunteers were given a 4-oz bottle of mouthwash, which contained 12% ethanol. They gargled with all 4 oz. of the mouthwash at intervals over a 15-min period. All urine samples were collected over the next 24 h. Of 39 provided urine samples, there were 20 > 50 ng/mL, 12 > 100 ng/mL, 5 > 200 ng/mL, 3 > 250 ng/mL, and 1 > 300 ng/mL. The peak concentrations were all within 12 h after the exposure. In the second study, 11 participants gargled 3 times daily for 5 days. The first morning void was collected. Sixteen of the 55 submitted samples contained EtG concentrations of greater than 50 ng/mL. All of them were less than 120 ng/mL. These studies show that incidental exposure to mouthwash containing 12% ethanol, when gargling according to the manufacturer's instructions, can result in urinary EtG values greater than 50 ng/mL. All specimens were negative for ethanol. The limits of detection and quantitation for the EtG testing were 50 ng/mL.
authors.affiliation: National Medical Services, Inc., Willow Grove, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Costantino
authors.forename: E John
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Digregorio
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Korn
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spayd
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rieders
mesh_terms: D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005965:Glucuronates / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection
chemical_list: D005965:Glucuronates; D009067:Mouthwashes; C093924:ethyl glucuronide; D000431:Ethanol