title: International Union of Pharmacology. LX. Retinoic acid receptors.
abstract: Retinoid is a term for compounds that bind to and activate retinoic acid receptors (RARalpha, RARbeta, and RARgamma), members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. The most important endogenous retinoid is all-trans-retinoic acid. Retinoids regulate a wide variety of essential biological processes, such as vertebrate embryonic morphogenesis and organogenesis, cell growth arrest, differentiation and apoptosis, and homeostasis, as well as their disorders. This review summarizes the considerable amount of knowledge generated on these receptors.
authors.affiliation: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale/Université Louis Pasteur, Illkirch, Communauté Urbaine de Strasbourg, France. germain@titus.u-strasbg.fr
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Germain
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chambon
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Eichele
authors.forename: Ronald M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Mitchell A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lazar
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leid
authors.forename: Angel R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: De Lera
authors.forename: Reuben
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lotan
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Mangelsdorf
authors.forename: Hinrich
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gronemeyer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012176:Retinoids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000502:physiology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D012176:Retinoids; D014212:Tretinoin