title: Bone morphogenetic protein and retinoic acid-inducible neural specific protein-3 is expressed in gonadotrope cell pituitary adenomas and induces proliferation, migration, and invasion.
abstract: Pituitary tumors are common intracranial neoplasms that often result in endocrine dysfunction due to hormone overproduction or deficiencies from mass effects. Gonadotrope cell or gonadotropinomas are tumors that produce LH and/or FSH and represent 40% of macroadenomas. Little is known about their underlying pathogenic mechanisms. We compared expression profiles of 10 gonadotropinomas with nine normal pituitaries by cDNA array and identified bone morphogenetic protein- and retinoic acid-inducible neural-specific protein-3 (BRINP3) as overexpressed in tumors, compared with normals. BRINP3 is a novel, normally brain restricted protein of unknown function. BRINP3 mRNA was expressed selectively in gonadotropinomas. Subcellular localization studies showed that BRINP3 was targeted to the mitochondria, but BRINP3 overexpression was unable to protect pituitary cells against programmed cell death induced by growth factor withdrawal. However, BRINP3 overexpression in pituitary gonadotrope cells promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion. A BRINP3 antibody was raised that demonstrated clustered expression of BRINP3 protein in gonadotropinomas and not in normal human pituitary samples. Thus, BRINP3 is a mitochondrially localized protein that is selectively up-regulated in human gonadotropinomas. Its actions to increase proliferation, migration, and invasion suggest it may play an important role in pituitary tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Colorado at Denver, CO 80220, USA.
authors.forename: Lynnette
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shorts-Cary
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ertel
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Kleinschmidt-Demasters
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lillehei
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nielsen-Preiss
authors.forename: Margaret E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Wierman
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D052681:Gonadotrophs / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D014212:Tretinoin