title: Long-term efficacy of biomodeled polymethyl methacrylate implants for orbitofacial defects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the long-term efficacy of custom polymethyl methacrylate implants using high-resolution computed tomographic modeling in the reconstruction of complex orbitofacial defects secondary to trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine patients with complex orbitofacial bone defects after trauma were evaluated for this retrospective, nonrandomized, noncomparative study. All the patients underwent reconstruction using custom, heat-cured polymethyl methacrylate implants. Patients were followed up postoperatively and evaluated for complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine consecutive patients (5 men and 4 women) aged 28 to 63 years who underwent surgical reconstruction using prefabricated, heat-cured polymethyl methacrylate implants were included in the study. The interval between injury and presentation ranged from 1 month to 40 years. There were no significant complications, including infection, extrusion, or displacement of the implant. In all of the patients, wound healing was uneventful, with antibiotic drugs administered perioperatively. Mean follow-up was 4.3 years from the first visit (range, 6 months to 10 years).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Computed tomographic biomodeled, prefabricated, heat-cured polymethyl methacrylate implants are well tolerated in the long term. Their advantages include customized design, long-term biocompatibility, and excellent aesthetic results.
authors.affiliation: Orbit and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery Division, Jules Stein Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Groth
authors.forename: Aparna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhatnagar
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Clearihue
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: Raymond S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Douglas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005151:Facial Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate