title: Incidence of enteric bacterial pathogens in water found at the bottom of commercial freezers in calabar, southeastern Nigeria.
abstract: Bacteriological analysis of water that accumulates at the bottom of freezers in restaurants when the power was cut in Calabar, southeastern Nigeria, was carried out using standard procedures. Mean heterotrophic bacterial counts and Escherichia coli counts ranged from 3.1 +/- 0.02 to 7.1 +/- 0.30 x 10(4) cfu/ml and 0.2 +/- 0.10 to 0.6 +/- 0.50 x 10(4) cfu/ml, respectively, indicating heavy bacterial contamination whose source was mostly fecal. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05, 0.01) in bacterial counts between freezers. Some biochemically identified enteric bacterial pathogens were Salmonella typhi, Shigella sp, enteropathogenic E. coli, Yersinia sp, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Vibrio cholerae O1 and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. This reveals that the hygienic quality of the food items stored in the freezers and the hygienic status of the restaurants are in doubt. Infection could be going on unnoticed and thus endemicity maintained in the area. The pathogens showed alarming antibiotic resistance. The water in the freezers was a "soup" in which different species of the enteric pathogens were close to each other and could transfer drug resistance among themselves. Public health education of restaurant operators in southeastern Nigeria is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Matthew Egbobor
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Eja
authors.forename: Comfort A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Etok
authors.forename: Bassey E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Asikong
authors.forename: Clement I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Mboto
authors.forename: Giddings E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Arikpo
mesh_terms: D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003227:Conjugation, Genetic; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005506:Food Contamination; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D006920:Hygiene; D009549:Nigeria; D011634:Public Health; D012147:Restaurants / Q000592:standards; D014871:Water Microbiology