title: Comparison of efficacy of arthroscopic lavage plus administration of corticosteroids, arthroscopic lavage plus administration of placebo, and joint aspiration plus administration of corticosteroids in arthritis of the knee: A randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of arthroscopic lavage plus administration of corticosteroids (ALC), arthroscopic lavage plus administration of placebo (ALP), and joint aspiration plus administration of corticosteroids (JAC) in knee arthritis, and to evaluate whether clinical or histologic characteristics determine outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with knee arthritis (not due to gout, osteoarthritis, or septic arthritis) were randomized over 3 treatment arms: ALC, ALP, and JAC. The primary end point was event-free survival, with events defined as 1) recurrence or persistence of symptomatic knee swelling necessitating local re-treatment, or 2) nonimprovement of the knee joint score. Synovial tissue specimens were collected and analyzed histologically to identify predictive factors of responsiveness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 78 patients were enrolled; 3 patients did not receive their allocated therapy and 3 were lost to followup. The median time until recurrence was 9.6 months after ALC, 3.0 months after JAC, and 1.0 month after ALP, corresponding to a relative risk (RR) of arthritis recurrence of 2.2 for JAC (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.2-4.2, P = 0.02) and 4.7 for ALP (95% CI 2.3-9.4, P < 0.0001) compared with ALC. A high versus low synovial extent of fibrosis conferred an RR for recurrence of 5.7 (95% CI 1.6-20.5, P < 0.01) after ALC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arthroscopic lavage plus administration of corticosteroids was more effective than arthroscopic lavage plus administration of placebo or joint aspiration plus injection of corticosteroids. The absence of fibrosis was a histologic predictor of a beneficial response.
authors.affiliation: Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Oosterhout
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Sont
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Bajema
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Breedveld
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: van Laar
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000368:Aged; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D001168:Arthritis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D001182:Arthroscopy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D010919:Placebos