title: Alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase-deficient mice, a model for primary hyperoxaluria that responds to adenoviral gene transfer.
abstract: Mutations in the alanine-glyoxylate amino transferase gene (AGXT) are responsible for primary hyperoxaluria type I, a rare disease characterized by excessive hepatic oxalate production that leads to renal failure. We generated a null mutant mouse by targeted mutagenesis of the homologous gene, Agxt, in embryonic stem cells. Mutant mice developed normally, and they exhibited hyperoxaluria and crystalluria. Approximately half of the male mice in mixed genetic background developed calcium oxalate urinary stones. Severe nephrocalcinosis and renal failure developed after enhancement of oxalate production by ethylene glycol administration. Hepatic expression of human AGT1, the protein encoded by AGXT, by adenoviral vector-mediated gene transfer in Agxt(-/-) mice normalized urinary oxalate excretion and prevented oxalate crystalluria. Subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence studies revealed that, as in the human liver, the expressed wild-type human AGT1 was predominantly localized in mouse hepatocellular peroxisomes, whereas the most common mutant form of AGT1 (G170R) was localized predominantly in the mitochondria.
authors.affiliation: Unidad Investigación, Hospital Universitario Canarias, University La Laguna, Tenerife 38320, Spain.
authors.forename: Eduardo C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Salido
authors.forename: Xiao M
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.forename: Namita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Roy-Chowdhury
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Larry J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.forename: Jayanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roy-Chowdhury
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D006960:Hyperoxaluria, Primary / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D000637:Transaminases / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001744:Urinary Bladder Calculi / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000637:Transaminases; C019635:Alanine-glyoxylate transaminase