Best-evidence interventions: findings from a systematic review of HIV behavioral interventions for US populations at high risk, 2000-2004.
OBJECTIVE
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis Team conducted a systematic review of US-based HIV behavioral intervention research literature from 2000 through 2004 to identify interventions demonstrating best evidence of efficacy for reducing HIV risk.


METHODS
Standard systematic review methods were used. Each eligible study was reviewed on the basis of Prevention Research Synthesis Team efficacy criteria that focused on 3 domains: study design, implementation and analysis, and strength of evidence.


RESULTS
Eighteen interventions met the criteria for best evidence. Four targeted HIV-positive individuals. Of those targeting populations at risk for HIV, 4 targeted drug users, 6 targeted adults at risk because of heterosexual behaviors only, 2 targeted men who have sex with men, and 2 targeted youths at high risk. Eight interventions focused on women, and 13 had study samples with more than 50% minority participants. Significant intervention effects included increased condom use and reductions in unprotected sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners, injection drug use or needle sharing, and newly acquired sexually transmitted infections.


CONCLUSIONS
Most of the best-evidence interventions are directly applicable for populations in greatest need of effective prevention programs; however, important gaps still exist.
Lyles
Cynthia M
CM
Prevention Research Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga 30333, USA. clyles@cdc.gov
Kay
Linda S
LS
Crepaz
Nicole
N
Herbst
Jeffrey H
JH
Passin
Warren F
WF
Kim
Angela S
AS
Rama
Sima M
SM
Thadiparthi
Sekhar
S
DeLuca
Julia B
JB
Mullins
Mary M
MM
D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States