title: Face memory in MRI-positive and MRI-negative temporal lobe epilepsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Effects of MRI-positive (MRI(+)) as compared to MRI-negative (MRI(-)) temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) on face memory are not yet known.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 24 MRI(-) (11 right/13 left) and 20 MRI(+) (13 right/7 left) TLE patients, 12 generalized epilepsy patients, and 12 healthy subjects undergoing diagnostic workup with 24-72-h Video-EEG-monitoring. Twenty faces were shown, and had to be recognized from 40 faces immediately and after a 24-h delay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MRI(+) and MRI(-) right TLE (RTLE) patients showed deficits in face recognition compared to controls or generalized epilepsy, consistent with right temporal lobe dominance for face recognition. MRI(+) RTLE patients had deficits in both immediate and delayed recognition, while MRI(-) RTLE patients showed delayed recognition deficits only. The RTLE groups showed comparable delayed recognition deficits. Separate analyses in which the MRI(+) group included patients with hippocampal sclerosis only, did not alter results. Furthermore, MRI(-) RTLE had a worse delayed recognition than MRI(-) left TLE (LTLE). On the other hand, MRI(+) RTLE did not differ from MRI(+) LTLE in delayed recognition. Combining MRI(-) and MRI(+) TLE groups, we found differences between RTLE and LTLE in delayed, but not immediate face recognition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that a delayed recognition condition might be superior to immediate recognition tests in detecting face memory deficits in MRI(-) RTLE patients. This might explain why former studies in preoperative patients did not observe an immediate face recognition dominance of the right temporal lobe when combining MRI(-) and MRI(+) TLE patients. Our data further point to an important role of the right mesial temporal region in face recognition in TLE.
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Center Hamburg, Protestant Hospital Alsterdorf, Hamburg, Germany. t.bengner@alsterdorf.de
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bengner
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Malina
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindenau
authors.forename: Berthold
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Voges
authors.forename: Einar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goebell
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stodieck
mesh_terms: D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005145:Face; D005556:Form Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology