title: Isoflurane and propofol have similar effects on spinal neuronal windup at concentrations that block movement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the actions of isoflurane and propofol on neuronal windup in the spinal cord of intact rats. We hypothesized that propofol would depress windup more than isoflurane.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cross-over design, rats received 0.8 and 1.2 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) isoflurane and 0.8 and 1.2 ED50 (effective dose(50%)) of propofol, as recordings were made from single units in the lumbar cord (n = 13). Electrical stimuli were applied (20 stimuli at 0.1, 1, and 3 Hz). Neuronal responses were analyzed for those occurring in the C-fiber range (100-400 ms after each stimulus), combined C-fiber and afterdischarge range (100-1000 ms) and the 100-333 ms range for the 3 Hz stimuli. Absolute windup was also calculated (the sum of action potentials for 20 stimuli - 20 x response to the first stimulus).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 1 Hz, total action potentials (mean, standard error) summed across the 20 stimuli (100-1000 ms range) were 571 +/- 106 and 742 +/- 214 for isoflurane (at 0.8 and 1.2 MAC) and 586 +/- 148 and 641 +/- 143 for propofol (at 0.8 and 1.2 ED50), respectively (P = NS); corresponding values for the 0.1 Hz stimuli were 345 +/- 104, 370 +/- 108, 430 +/- 86, and 403 +/- 106 (P = NS), and for the 3 Hz stimuli (100-333 ms range) were 266 +/- 66, 333 +/- 76, 343 +/- 85, and 252 +/- 72 (P = NS). Absolute windup in the 100-1000 ms range was greater for 1.2 MAC isoflurane at 1 Hz (445 +/- 82, P < 0.01), when compared with absolute windup at 0.8 MAC isoflurane and 0.8 and 1.2 ED50 propofol (232 +/- 31, 88 +/- 65, and 210 +/- 41, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that isoflurane and propofol have similar effects on neuronal windup in the spinal cord, although there was enhanced absolute windup at 1.2 MAC isoflurane for the 1 Hz stimulus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Joseph F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Antognini
mesh_terms: D000777:Anesthetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000187:drug effects; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D007530:Isoflurane; D015742:Propofol