title: Uncoupling of cardiovascular risk markers in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cardiovascular (CV) risk begins in childhood, and low body weight should result in a favorable risk profile. However, adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) have alterations in many hormonal factors that mediate CV risk. We hypothesized that in AN, growth hormone (GH) resistance and hypercortisolemia would increase CV risk through effects on pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipid status despite low weight.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined CV risk markers (high sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], apolipoprotein-B [Apo-B], and lipid profile) in 23 subjects with AN and in 20 control subjects 12 to 18 years of age, in whom GH, cortisol, leptin, and triiodothyronine (T3) had been previously determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with AN had higher Apo-B (P < .0001), IL-6 (P = .03), Apo-B/high-density lipoprotien (HDL) (P = .01), and Apo-B/low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P < .0001) and lower hsCRP (P = .01) than controls. Triglycerides were lower and HDL higher in subjects with AN. IGF-I predicted hsCRP in controls but not in AN. Log hsCRP correlated positively with GH and inversely with leptin. On regression modeling, the most significant predictor of log hsCRP was leptin; T3 predicted log IL-6, log Apo-B, log Apo-B/HDL, and Apo-B/LDL; and cortisol independently predicted log Apo-B. IL-6 decreased with weight gain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CV risk markers are uncoupled in AN, with increased Apo-B and IL-6 and decreased hsCRP, related to hormonal alterations. IL-6 normalizes with weight gain.
authors.affiliation: Neuroendocrine Unit, and the Eating Disorders Unit, Child Psychiatry Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. mmisra@partners.org
authors.forename: Madhusmita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Misra
authors.forename: Karen K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Patrika
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: End
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Freed
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Herzog
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riggs
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klibanski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000150:complications*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D015415:Biomarkers; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014280:Triglycerides; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol