title: Testing various fruits for anti-thrombotic effect: i. Mulberries.
abstract: Prevention of arterial thrombotic disease has high priority in developed countries. As inappropriate diet predispose to acute thrombotic events, regular intake of an antithrombotic diet may be a convenient and effective way of prevention. The present study was performed to examine antithrombotic effect of mulberry varieties. A shear-induced in vitro platelet reactivity/thrombolysis test (Gorog Thrombosis Test) was used to screen for antiplatelet and thrombolytic activities. In case of effectiveness, it was followed by an in vivo test of laser-induced thrombosis in mice. Antioxidant capacity was assessed by superoxide anion and radical scavenging activities. Total polyphenolics, anthocyanin and citrate contents were also measured. The tested varieties showed different effect in vitro on platelet reactivity and endogenous thrombolytic activity. Varieties inhibiting platelet reactivity were antithrombotic in vivo regardless inhibition or enhancement of thrombolysis. Those mulberry varieties, which enhanced platelet reactivity in vitro, were prothrombotic only if inhibitory activity on endogenous thrombolysis coexisted with the platelet effect. Antioxidant activities and polyphenolics content did not affect platelets and the overall thrombotic status. However, antioxidant activities and polyphenolics content significantly correlated with the endogenous thrombolytic activity. These data showed that mulberry varieties can be grouped into subclasses with either anti- or prothrombotic activities. Antioxidant activities and polyphenolic contents do not affect platelets but may enhance endogenous thrombolysis, thus causing an overall antithrombotic effect.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, Japan. yamamoto@nutr.kobegakuin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Aki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naemura
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ura
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ijiri
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kurioka
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D031625:Morus / Q000737:chemistry*; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010979:Platelet Function Tests; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D028321:Plant Preparations