title: Pure sarcomatous recurrence of clear cell renal carcinoma following radical nephrectomy and dendritic cell vaccination.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sarcomatous differentiation, which represents transformation to high-grade malignancy, can occur in all histological types of renal malignancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors report on the case of a 66-year-old woman with a right renal mass that was shown to be a clear cell carcinoma. She underwent radical nephrectomy and dendritic cell vaccination and, 3.5 years later, she developed retroperitoneal pure sarcomatous recurrence of the tumor. The authors speculate that the vaccination could have played some role in this differentiation or selection of the sarcomatous component of the primary tumor.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, and Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alberto Azoubel
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Antunes
authors.forename: Marcos Francisco
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Dall'Oglio
authors.forename: José Alexandre Marzagão
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Barbuto
authors.forename: Kátia Ramos Moreira
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Srougi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D009392:Nephrectomy; D012008:Recurrence; D012186:Retroperitoneal Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000556:secondary*
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines