title: Evaluation of a desensitizing test dentifrice using an in situ erosion remineralization model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate, in an in situ remineralization model, the ability of a low abrasion fluoride dentifrice containing potassium nitrate to enhance the remineralization of enamel that was previously subjected to an in vitro dietary erosion challenge.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen subjects completed a single-blind (to specimen analyst) crossover design study with four randomly assigned dentifrice treatments: placebo dentifrice (0 ppm F; PD); dose response control dentifrice (250 ppm F; DD); clinically tested fluoride dentifrice (1100 ppm F; FD); and test dentifrice (1150 ppm F + 5% KNO3; TD). Each subject wore a palatal appliance holding eight bovine enamel blocks that were previously exposed for 25 minutes to an in vitro erosive challenge with grapefruit juice. Surface microhardness (SMH) was determined prior to the erosive challenge (baseline), after the in vitro erosive challenge, after in situ remineralization, and after a second in vitro erosive challenge. Statistical analyses included ANOVA and pair-wise comparisons between treatments, testing at a 5% significance level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean percent SMH recovery (SD) was 20.4 (7.7)a for PD; 27.4 (5.9)b for DD; 29.5 (8.9)bc for FD; 33.4 (6.7)c for TD. The mean percent net erosion resistance (SD) was -57.7 (10.8)a for PD; -41.3 (11.6)b for DD; -28.7 (9.7)c for FD; -23.6 (7.3)c for TD. Different superscript letters following the means imply statistically significant differences between groups for each response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The test dentifrice was shown to significantly enhance the remineralization of enamel previously subjected to an erosion challenge.
authors.affiliation: Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA. dzero@iupui.edu
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Zero
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: González-Cabezas
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Eckert
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Barlow
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Mason
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003807:Dentin Sensitivity / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014077:Tooth Erosion; D014089:Tooth Remineralization
chemical_list: D003802:Dentifrices