title: Death caused by myocarditis in Wayne County, Michigan: a 9-year retrospective study.
abstract: This paper reviews 72 cases of death caused by myocarditis between the years 1996 and 2004, autopsied at the Office of the Wayne County Medical Examiner in Michigan. Myocarditis as a cause of sudden and unexpected death represented 1.3% of all natural deaths in Wayne County during said period. The year 1999 contained the highest number of deaths of this cause (18), where the average number of myocarditis deaths was 8 per year for this 9-year span. In this study, each case was reviewed based on information gathered from investigative, autopsy, and toxicology reports. Significantly, 58% of these cases were male, and 63.4% were African American. Myocarditis caused death in every age group between 7 months and 67 years, but adults between the ages of 19 and 67 were most significantly affected (75%). Flu and/or cold were the most common symptoms experienced in the days directly proceeding death (28%), followed by shortness of breath (17%) and sudden collapse (15%). Sixty-nine percent of these 72 cases were pronounced dead after ACLS (advanced cardiac life support) protocol by emergency medical services or hospital attendants. Cardiomegaly was observed in 24 cases of adults aged 19 or older (54%), and flabby/soft myocardial tissue was observed grossly in 16% of all 72 cases.
authors.affiliation: Office of the Wayne County Medical Examiner, Detroit, Michigan 48207, USA.
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Loewe
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jackson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001344:Autopsy; D002423:Cause of Death; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005554:Forensic Medicine; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008824:Michigan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors