title: PACAP/PAC1 autocrine system promotes proliferation and astrogenesis in neural progenitor cells.
abstract: The Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) ligand/type 1 receptor (PAC1) system regulates neurogenesis and gliogenesis. It has been well established that the PACAP/PAC1 system induces differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) through the Gs-mediated cAMP-dependent signaling pathway. However, it is unknown whether this ligand/receptor system has a function in proliferation of NPCs. In this study, we identified that PACAP and PAC1 were highly expressed and co-localized in NPCs of mouse cortex at embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5) and found that the PACAP/PAC1 system potentiated growth factor-induced proliferation of mouse cortical NPCs at E14.5 via Gq-, but not Gs-, mediated PLC/IP3-dependent signaling pathway in an autocrine manner. Moreover, PAC1 activation induced elongation of cellular processes and a stellate morphology in astrocytes that had the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-incorporating ability of NPCs. Consistent with this notion, we determined that the most BrdU positive NPCs differentiated to astrocytes through PAC1 signaling. These results suggest that the PACAP/PAC1 system may play a dual role in neural/glial progenitor cells not only differentiation but also proliferation in the cortical astrocyte lineage via Ca2+-dependent signaling pathways through PAC1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimoto
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Hiroyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyakawa
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D019898:Autocrine Communication / Q000502:physiology; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide / Q000378:metabolism*; D051237:Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C495504:Adcyap1r1 protein, mouse; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D051237:Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, Type I; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine