title: Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus co-infection among patients in Kano Nigeria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus are widespread in the developing countries and patients with dual infection of HIV and HBV are increasingly being diagnosed among hospital patients. Reports have indicated that hepatitis will contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in HIV infected patients because of increased use and accessibility of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of HIV and HBV co-infection in patients in Kano Nigeria and to highlight the reciprocal interactions between the HIVand HBV.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred patients consisting of 152 males and 148 females were recruited into the study at the Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano, Nigeria between February 2002 and March 2003.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of a total of three hundred HIV positive patients, two hundred and eleven (70.3%) were HBV positive. Of the 152 males that are HIV positive, 102 (67.1%) were HBVpositive while out of 148 females that are HIVpositive, 109 (73.6%) were HBV positive.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A co-infection rate of 70.5% was observed in this study. Since HIV infected patients with HBV co-infection respond less to HAART additional concern and care must be taken in order to minimize the complications associated with the increasing use of HAART The testing of HIV positive patients for HBV will help in the choice of therapy in these patients's.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology/Parasitology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Bayero University Kano. drnwokedi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Nwokedi
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Emokpae
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Dutse
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015897:Comorbidity; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors