title: Simultaneous versus sequential penetrating keratoplasty and cataract surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the surgical outcomes of simultaneous penetrating keratoplasty and cataract surgery with those of sequential surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine eyes of 39 patients scheduled for simultaneous keratoplasty and cataract surgery and 23 eyes of 23 patients scheduled for sequential keratoplasty and secondary phacoemulsification surgery were recruited. Refractive error, regular and irregular corneal astigmatism determined by Fourier analysis, and endothelial cell loss were studied at 1 week and 3, 6, and 12 months after combined surgery in the simultaneous surgery group or after subsequent phacoemulsification surgery in the sequential surgery group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 3 and more months after surgery, mean refractive error was significantly greater in the simultaneous surgery group than in the sequential surgery group, although no difference was seen at 1 week. The refractive error at 12 months was within 2 D of that targeted in 15 eyes (39%) in the simultaneous surgery group and within 2 D in 16 eyes (70%) in the sequential surgery group; the incidence was significantly greater in the sequential group (P = 0.0344). The regular and irregular astigmatism was not significantly different between the groups at 3 and more months after surgery. No significant difference was also found in the percentage of endothelial cell loss between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although corneal astigmatism and endothelial cell loss were not different, refractive error from target refraction was greater after simultaneous keratoplasty and cataract surgery than after sequential surgery, indicating a better outcome after sequential surgery than after simultaneous surgery.
authors.affiliation: Hayashi Eye Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan. hayashi-ken@hayashi.or.jp
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hayashi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001251:Astigmatism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002386:Cataract / Q000150:complications; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000150:complications; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D015948:Keratoplasty, Penetrating / Q000379:methods*; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000379:methods*; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome