title: Direct determination of chlorophenols in environmental water samples by hollow fiber supported ionic liquid membrane extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: The 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C8MIM][PF6]) ionic liquid was immobilized in the pores of a polypropylene hollow fiber for hollow fiber-protected liquid-phase microextraction. Analytes including 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), 3-chorophenol (3-CP), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) were extracted into this ionic liquid membrane, and back extracted into 10microL sodium hydroxide acceptor solution in the lumen of the hollow fiber. Then, the acceptor solution was withdrawn into the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) microsyringe connected to the hollow fiber, and directly injected into the HPLC system for analysis. Some parameters that might affect the extraction efficiency were optimized, and low detection limits (0.5microgL(-1) for 4-CP, 3-CP, DCP and 1.0microgL(-1) for TCP) were obtained. Good repeatability was achieved because of the stability of the hollow fiber-supported ionic liquid membrane. The proposed procedure was applied for direct determination of the four chlorophenols in some real water samples including groundwater, river water, wastewater and tap water. All of the four chlorophenols in these water samples were under the limits of determination, and the recoveries were in the range of 70.0-95.7% at 5microgL(-1) spiked level.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Jing-Fu
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xia-Lin
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Gui-Bin
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008566:Membranes / Q000737:chemistry; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D002733:Chlorophenols; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical