title: Heat-shock protein peptide DiaPep277 treatment in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind phase II study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. Treatment with DiaPep277, a peptide derived from heat-shock protein 60 (hsp60), has been found to slow the deterioration of beta-cell function after clinical onset of diabetes in NOD mice and human adults. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DiaPep277 treatment in attenuating beta-cell destruction in children with recent-onset T1DM.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, randomized, double-blind, phase II design was used. The sample included 30 children (19 males) aged 7-14 years who had been diagnosed with T1DM from 53 to 116 days previously, and had basal C-peptide concentrations above 0.1 nmol/L. The children were randomized to receive subcutaneous injections of 1 mg DiaPep277 (15 patients) or 40 mg mannitol (placebo) at entry and at 1, 6, and 12 months. The duration of follow-up was 18 months. The groups were compared for stimulated C-peptide level, exogenous insulin dose, and HbA1c concentration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  C-peptide levels similarly decreased over time in the DiaPep277- and placebo-treated patients. There was no significant difference in insulin dose or HbA1c concentration between the groups at any time point. No serious drug-related adverse effects were recorded throughout the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One-year treatment with DiaPep277 at a dosage of 1 mg is safe for use and well tolerated in children with recent-onset T1DM. However, it appears to have no beneficial effect in preserving beta-cell function or improving metabolic control.
authors.affiliation: The institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center of Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lazar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ofan
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Weintrob
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avron
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamir
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Elias
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Phillip
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Josefsberg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000139:chemically induced; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007328:Insulin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010455:Peptides; C447781:DiaPep 277