Homo- and hetero-[3]rotaxanes with two pi-systems clasped in a single macrocycle.
Here we present the first synthesis of a [3]rotaxane with two dumbbell components threaded through a single gamma-cyclodextrin macrocycle. This synthesis is carried out in two steps: first one dumbbell is synthesized threaded through the macrocycle to give a [2]rotaxane, then a second dumbbell is synthesized through the remaining cavity of the [2]rotaxane. We have synthesized a hetero- [3]rotaxane with one stilbene and one cyanine dye threaded through gamma-cyclodextrin, which exhibits quantitative energy transfer between the two encapsulated dyes. The stilbene [2]rotaxane intermediate in this synthesis has a remarkably high affinity for suitably shaped hydrophobic guests in aqueous solution, facilitating the synthesis of [3]rotaxanes and suggesting possible applications in sensors.
Klotz
Eric J F
EJ
Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA UK.
Claridge
Tim D W
TD
Anderson
Harry L
HL