Use of capillary electrophoresis and poly(ethylene oxide) as the coating agent for the determination of substances related to heroin addiction and treatment.
The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify morphine, codeine, methadone, and 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine using capillary electrophoresis in urine specimens. Adequate peak separation was achieved using nearly neutral pH phosphate buffer and poly(ethylene oxide) as the coating agent. This dynamic coating of the inner surface of the capillary was obtained by rinsing with a solution containing this compound. The electroosmotic flow and the interactions between analytes and the capillary wall surface were reduced, while resolution and reproducibility were thus improved. Detection limits were appropriate for usual analytical requirements in forensic laboratories.
Di Pietro
Niccoló
N
GeneDia S.r.l., Lammari, Lucca, Italy.
Placanica
Giorgio
G
Fiorini
Italbo
I
Manera
Clementina
C
Orlando
Caterina
C
Palombo
Flaminia
F
Saccomanni
Giuseppe
G
Salotti
Vittorio
V
Macchia
Marco
M
D003061:Codeine / Q000652:urine*; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D003932:Heroin / Q000378:metabolism; D006556:Heroin Dependence; D006801:Humans; D008691:Methadone / Q000652:urine*; D009020:Morphine / Q000652:urine*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000652:urine*; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*
D011759:Pyrrolidines; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D003932:Heroin; D009020:Morphine; D008691:Methadone; D003061:Codeine; C010724:2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine