title: Enhanced production of azadirachtin by hairy root cultures of Azadirachta indica A. Juss by elicitation and media optimization.
abstract: Azadirachtin is one of the most potent biopesticides so far developed from a plant sources. Influence of different culture media and elicitation on growth and production of azadirachtin by hairy root cultures of Azadirachta indica was studied. Out of the three media tested, namely Ohyama and Nitsch, Gamborg's and Murashige and Skoog's basal media, hairy roots cultured on Ohyama and Nitsch's basal medium produced maximum yield of azadirachtin (0.0166% dry weight, DW). Addition of biotic elicitor enhanced the production of azadirachtin by approximately 5-fold (0.074% DW), while signal compounds such as jasmonic acid and salicylic acid showed a approximately 6 (0.095% DW) and approximately 9-fold (0.14% DW) enhancement, respectively, in the production of azadirachtin as compared to control cultures on Ohyama and Nitsch medium. Extracts from hairy roots were found to be superior to those from the leaves for antifeedant activity against the larvae of Spodoptera litura.
authors.affiliation: Plant Biotechnology and Secondary Products Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India.
authors.forename: Ramesh K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Satdive
authors.forename: Devanand P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Fulzele
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eapen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031601:Azadirachta / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D018533:Biomass; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D003470:Culture Media; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000494:pharmacology; D007300:Insect Control; D007306:Insecticides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007814:Larva; D036701:Limonins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D054883:Oxylipins; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D018411:Spodoptera
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D007306:Insecticides; D036701:Limonins; D054883:Oxylipins; C011006:jasmonic acid; D020156:Salicylic Acid; C010329:azadirachtin