title: Comparison of ropivacaine and bupivacaine for intrathecal anesthesia during outpatient arthroscopic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of intrathecal ropivacaine with bupivacaine in a dose ratio of 2:1 for outpatient arthroscopic knee surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, single-blinded study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-affiliated hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  90 patients scheduled for outpatient arthroscopic knee surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized and assigned in single-blinded fashion to receive a 3-mL solution of either 15 mg of isobaric ropivacaine (group R; n = 45) or 7.5 mg of isobaric bupivacaine (group B; n = 45) through a 27-gauge Quincke spinal needle at the L(3) to L(4) interspace, while placed in the lateral decubitus position.
  
  
  METHODS
  Onset and offset times for sensory and motor block; highest level of sensory block; duration of the sensory and motor block; first ambulation, urination, and discharge time; mean arterial pressure; and heart rate were all recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Onset time for sensory block (mean +/- SD) to L1 and time until sensory block regressed to L2 were shorter in group R. Complete motor block occurred in 40 patients with ropivacaine and 45 patients with bupivacaine. First ambulation and first urination and discharge times were similar between the two groups. Cephalad spread of sensory block was higher with ropivacaine (P < 0.05). The median (range) upper sensory level obtained with bupivacaine was T11 (T6-L1) and T8 (T6-T10) with ropivacaine. Hemodynamic changes were similar between the groups (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isobaric ropivacaine 15 mg provided a higher sensory block level and shorter sensorial onset and offset times than did 7.5 mg of isobaric bupivacaine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya 07070, Turkey. nevalboztug@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Neval
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boztuğ
authors.forename: Zekiye
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bigat
authors.forename: Bilge
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Karsli
authors.forename: Nurdan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saykal
authors.forename: Ertugrul
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ertok
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D000577:Amides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001182:Arthroscopy; D001775:Blood Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block; D010351:Patient Discharge; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D002045:Bupivacaine