title: Dose area product evaluations with Gafchromic XR-R films and a flat-bed scanner.
abstract: Gafchromic XR-R films are a useful tool to evaluate entrance skin dose in interventional radiology. Another dosimetric quantity of interest in diagnostic and interventional radiology is the dose area product (DAP). In this study, a method to evaluate DAP using Gafchromic XR-R films and a flat-bed scanner was developed and tested. Film samples were exposed to an x-ray beam of 80 kVp over a dose range of 0-10 Gy. DAP measurements with films were obtained from the digitalization of a film sample positioned over the x-ray beam window during the exposure. DAP values obtained with this method were compared for 23 cardiological interventional procedures with DAP values displayed by the equipment. The overall one-sigma dose measurement uncertainty depended on the absorbed dose, with values below 6% for doses above 1 Gy. A maximum discrepancy of 16% was found, which is of the order of the differences in the DAP measurements that may occur with different calibration procedures. Based on the results presented, after an accurate calibration procedure and a thorough inspection of the relationship between the actual dose and the direct measured quantity (net optical density or net pixel value variation), Gafchromic XR-R films can be used to assess the DAP.
authors.affiliation: Struttura Complessa Fisica Sanitaria, Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni Battista, Corso Bramante 88, 10126 Torino, Italy. orampado@molinette.piemonte.it
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rampado
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garelli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deagostini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ropolo
mesh_terms: D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D001703:Biophysics; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005373:Film Dosimetry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D015642:Radiology, Interventional / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011874:Radiometry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012867:Skin / Q000528:radiation effects; D014962:X-Ray Film