title: [In vitro antimalarial drug resistance in Southeastern Bangladesh].
abstract: Particularly in Southeast Asia drug resistance has become a major constraint in the treatment of falciparum malaria. So far relatively little is known about the current status of drug resistance in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the in vitro drug susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum in south-eastern Bangladesh. In the HRP2 in vitro drug sensitivity assay the tested isolates demonstrated a relatively high sensitivity to dihydroartemisinine (IC50 = 1.33 nM; 95% CI: 1.08-1.63; IC90 = 2.65 nM; 95% CI: 2.13-3.29), mefloquine (IC50 = 11.26 nM, 95% CI: 9.75-13.0; IC90 = 19.55 nM, 95% CI: 15.73-24.29) and quinine (IC50 = 73.24 nM, 95% CI: 65.26-82.21; IC90 = 157.75 nM, (95% CI: 134.16-185.5) thus being significantly more sensitive to mefloquine and quinine than isolates from Thailand. Chloroquine (IC50 = 93.06 nM, 95% CI: 80.38-107.76; IC90 = 214.76 nM, 95% CI: 175.64-262.62) sensitivity was highly compromised with inhibitory concentrations reaching levels comparable to Thailand. Therefore this drug should not be used in the treatment of falciparum malaria in this region. Despite compromised in vitro drug sensitivity to sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine, in clinical studies the combination of sulfadoxine (IC50 = 40.46 microM, 95% CI: 31.15-51.97; IC90 = 173.48 microM, 95% CI: 120.78-249.17) and pyrimethamine (IC50 = 1.7 microM, 95% CI: 1.25-2.3; IC90 = 4.83 microM, 95% CI: 3.17-7.37) with quinine proved to be an interesting option for treating uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Bangladesh.
authors.affiliation: Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Attlmayr
authors.forename: Kamala
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thriemer
authors.forename: Rashidul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haque
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wagatsuma
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdus Salam
authors.forename: Selim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akhter
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schaecher
authors.forename: Robert Scott
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Noedl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001459:Bangladesh; D003470:Culture Media; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018512:Parasitemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D013785:Thailand
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D003470:Culture Media