title: The interference of rosmarinic acid in the DNA fragmentation induced by osmotic shock.
abstract: The induction of cell death in human erythroleukemic cells (K562) by sorbitol shows the typical apoptotic changes in ultrastructural morphology, including blebbing, chromatin condensation and nuclear membrane breakdown. Using a cytofluorimetric approach, we found that sorbitol induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) followed by DNA fragmentation in leukemic cells. In this study, we investigated effect of curcumin and rosmarinic acid on cell viability in three different cell lines: erythroleukemia K562, papillary NPA, and anaplastic ARO thyroid cancers. Curcumin was able to induce apoptosis in a concentration- and time dependent manner in three cell lines, while rosmarinic acid was less effective on this process. To examine this possibility in cellular system, this study evaluated the capacities of both compounds acting as antioxidant inhibiting sorbitol-induced apoptosis. K562, NPA and ARO cells were pre-incubated with 25 microM rosmarinic acid to allow the uptake and then the cell lines were treated with 1 M sorbitol. Afterwards, the cells were subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis to assess the DNA fragmentation. In conclusion, the antioxidant activity of rosmarinic acid is able to inhibit sorbitol-induced apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola Sinibaldi
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Salimei
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marfè
authors.forename: Livia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Di Renzo
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Stefano
authors.forename: Maria Gabriella
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Giganti
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Filomeni
authors.forename: Maria Rosa
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ciriolo
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects*; D053630:Depsides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D013012:Sorbitol / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D002934:Cinnamates; D003474:Curcumin; D053630:Depsides; D013012:Sorbitol; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid