Float on: lipid rafts in the lifecycle of HIV.
All steps in the HIV lifecycle--entry, assembly, budding, induction of signal transduction and subsequent cell activation--are complex multifactorial mechanisms where cholesterol and sphingolipids (glycosphingolipids--GSLs and sphingomyelins in mammalian cells) are closely involved. Here we will review the contribution of these heterogeneous membrane lipid microdomains, referred to as lipid rafts, DIGs (detergent-insoluble glycolipid-enriched complexes), DRMs (detergent-resistant membranes), GEMs (glycolipid-enriched membranes), caveolae, TIMs (Triton-insoluble membranes) for interactions of HIV with the host cell. The accurate terminology was discussed elsewhere, and to simplify matters we will use rafts or lipid rafts throughout the review.
Wilflingseder
Doris
D
Department of Hygiene, Medical Microbiology and Social Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Fritz-Preglstr.3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. doris.wilflingseder@i-med.ac.at
Stoiber
Heribert
H
D015693:Gene Products, nef / Q000378:metabolism; D006678:HIV / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
D015693:Gene Products, nef; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus