title: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in adolescent women: incidence and treatment outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to estimate the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and treatment outcomes in adolescents with abnormal cytology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adolescent women (ages 14-21 years) referred to colposcopy clinic for abnormal cytology from 1992 to 2004 were identified by computerized database. Only adolescents with biopsy-proven CIN were evaluated. Demographic and risk factor data were obtained from medical records. Referral cytology, histology on biopsy and loop electrosurgical excisional procedure (LEEP), and follow-up cytology were analyzed and compared. Statistical analysis was performed by chi(2) or Fisher exact test, Student t tests, and logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1,678 adolescents, 517 had biopsy-proven CIN and follow-up. Seventy-seven patients were referred with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) cytology; 174 patients were referred with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 258 with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and eight with atypical glandular cells (AGC). The rate of CIN 2/3 in patients with ASCUS, LSIL, and HSIL was 35% (95% confidence interval 24-46%), 36% (29-43%), and 50% (44-56%), respectively. A total of 192 patients with biopsy-proven CIN 2/3 underwent a LEEP. No patients were diagnosed with cervical carcinoma. Fifty-five percent (95% confidence interval 48-62%) of patients had abnormal cytology on follow-up, suggesting recurrence or reinfection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adolescents with abnormal cytology have a high incidence of CIN2/3 and high rates of abnormal cytology after LEEP. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 is common in adolescents with abnormal cytology, yet no cases of cancer were identified. Importantly, LEEP fails to meet its therapeutic goals given a high incidence of abnormal follow-up cytology and may represent overly aggressive therapy because the majority of human papillomavirus infections are transient with high regression rates.
  
  
  METHODS
  III.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. casea@wudosis.wustl.edu
authors.forename: Ashley S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Case
authors.forename: Rodney P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Rocconi
authors.forename: J Michael
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Straughn
authors.forename: Wenquan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roark
authors.forename: Erin E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Waltman
authors.forename: Warner K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Huh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D004598:Electrosurgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*