title: Hodgkin's lymphoma in Indian children: prevalence and significance of Epstein-Barr virus detection in Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was done to document the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) in children of North India.
  
  
  METHODS
  145 previously untreated children diagnosed with HL from 1991 to 2003 were included. Lymph node (LN) biopsies were studied and classified using World Health Organisation (WHO) classification. EBV detection was done by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridisation (ISH) in 145 cases and 25 age- and sex-matched controls. Patients were treated with chemotherapy alone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EBV was detected by IHC in 131 (90.3%) cases and by ISH in 126 (93.3%) out of 135 cases, and in none of the controls examined. With IHC and ISH combined, EBV positivity was seen in 96.6% and was significantly associated with younger age (p=0.012) and lower socioeconomic level (p=0.007). EBV status had no implication on treatment response and survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EBV detection in 96.6% of childhood HL in a population with almost universal EBV seroconversion, and in none of the control lymph nodes, suggests a causative role of EBV in most cases of Indian childhood HL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India. verodinand@fastem.com
authors.forename: Veronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dinand
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dawar
authors.forename: Laxman S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Arya
authors.forename: Rajani
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Unni
authors.forename: Binimaya
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mohanty
authors.forename: Rajvir
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D016539:Reed-Sternberg Cells / Q000821:virology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies