title: Scalloped channels enhance tear mixing under hydrogel contact lenses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tear exchange under a soft contact lens is directly related to the amount of lateral and transverse lens motion. Hydrodynamic modeling suggests that channels placed on the back surface of a soft lens will reduce fluid resistance and increase transverse lens movement. This study measured the effect of posterior lens surface scalloped channels on tear exchange.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tear exchange in the postlens tear film (PoLTF) was estimated using a fluorometer to measure the exponential depletion of high-MW fluorescein under the lens expressed as the time to deplete 95% of dye (T95). A total of 32 subjects wore two pairs of identical lenses except that the experimental lens had 12 scalloped channels placed radially in the midperiphery of the posterior lens surface, whereas lenses without channels served as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean +/- standard error T95 values for the channel lenses was 28 +/- 2 minutes compared with 32 +/- 2 minutes for the control lenses (p = 0.107). There was a marginally significant difference in T95 between two lens groups in Asian eyes (p = 0.054).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Placing scallop-shaped channels on high-H2O content soft lenses improved the postlens tear pumping in Asian eyes.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-2020, USA. mlin@berkeley.edu
authors.forename: Meng C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Gemma N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.forename: Valerie A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Giese
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Wofford
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marmo
authors.forename: Clayton
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Radke
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Polse
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001213:Asian; D003263:Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic / Q000592:standards*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019793:Fluorescein; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005470:Fluorometry; D006801:Humans; D013499:Surface Properties; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D019793:Fluorescein