title: Arousal and attention deficits in patients with tinnitus.
abstract: We investigated the effects of tinnitus on measures of arousal and attention at various levels of the neuraxis to derive a profile of the pathophysiology of tinnitus. Individuals with tinnitus of at least 6 months' duration (14 male, 15 female) and healthy controls (14 male, 21 female) were tested for arousal and habituation to repetitive stimulation at the brainstem-thalamus level by measuring the P50 potential, a scalp-recorded, auditory-evoked response, using pairs of click stimuli. We used the psychomotor vigilance task, a reaction-time test, to assess attentional processes mediated by thalamocortical functions. We then correlated deficits in arousal and attention, as measured by these tests, with perceived tinnitus severity. Results showed no difference between tinnitus patients and controls in level of arousal or habituation to repetitive sensory stimulation, as measured by the amplitude of the P50 potential and the ability to suppress a second, closely paired stimulus, respectively. However, reaction-time assessments showed that patients with tinnitus have attentional deficits relative to controls (p = .02). We found no significant correlation between sleep disturbance or tinnitus severity and reaction-time testing.
authors.affiliation: MD, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, MS 543, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. DornhofferJohnL@uams.edu
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dornhoffer
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Danner
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mennemeier
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blake
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garcia-Rill
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001300:Audiometry, Evoked Response; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013788:Thalamus / Q000502:physiology; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*