title: Endoscopic biliary drainage for patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer with obstructive jaundice who are to undergo gemcitabine chemotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess optimum endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD) in cases with unresectable pancreatic cancer in the era of gemcitabine (GEM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer, who presented with jaundice and underwent chemotherapy using GEM after EBD were included in this study (GEM group). Fifteen cases with the same clinical manifestation and stage of pancreatic cancer treated with EBD alone were also included as controls. A covered metallic stent (CMS) or a plastic stent (PS) was used for EBD. The mean survival time (MST) in each group, risk factors of survival time, type of stent used and associated survival time, occlusion rate of stent, patency period of stent, and risk factors of stent occlusion were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MST in the GEM group was longer than that in the control (9.9 mo vs 6.2 mo). In the GEM group, the survival time was not different between those who underwent metallic stenting and those who underwent plastic stenting. Stent occlusion occurred in 60% of the PS group and 7% of the CMS group. The median stent patency in the PS-GEM group and the CMS-GEM group was 5 mo and 7.5 mo, respectively. Use of a PS was the only risk factor of stent occlusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A CMS is recommended in cases presenting with jaundice due to unresectable pancreatic cancer, since the use of a CMS makes it possible to continue chemotherapy using GEM without repetition of stent replacement.
authors.affiliation: Sendai City Medical Center, Gastroenterology, 5-22-1 Tsurugaya, Miyaginoku, Sendai, Miyagi 983-0824, Japan. mou@a5w.highway.ne.jp
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Takasawa
authors.forename: Naotaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Horaguchi
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D041781:Jaundice, Obstructive / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D008150:Lower Body Negative Pressure; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects; D016019:Survival Analysis; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000093542:Gemcitabine