title: Adiponectin and renal function, and implication as a risk of cardiovascular disease.
abstract: The relation among adiponectin, renal function, and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with different degrees of renal dysfunction was investigated. In total, 150 subjects were included in this study and followed prospectively for a mean of 32 months. At baseline, median adiponectin levels for chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, as estimated by creatinine clearance (> or =90, 60 to 90, 30 to 60, <30 ml/min), were 3.06, 4.04, 6.43, and 11.9 microg/ml, respectively (p for trend <0.01), and a significant association between adiponectin and CKD stages was also confirmed in multivariate regression analysis (F = 6.2, p <0.001). During follow-up, 31 subjects developed CVD, including myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, stroke, and transient ischemic attack. Gender-specific median values of adiponectin were used to separate the higher group from the lower group, and the Kaplan-Meier curve showed a significantly lower event-free survival rate in the lower adiponectin group (<4.39 microg/ml in men, <6.84 microg/ml in women, chi-square 4.88, p <0.03). The risk factor-adjusted Cox regression showed that an increase in adiponectin per 1 microg/ml was associated with a decrease in the risk of CVD to 0.86 (95% confidence interval 0.75 to 0.96, p = 0.004). In the subgroup with previous ischemic heart disease (IHD; n = 65), a significantly lower event-free survival rate of IHD was also observed in the lower adiponectin group (<4.45 microg/ml in men, <4.49 microg/ml in women, chi-square 3.96, p <0.05). The relative distribution of adiponectin isoforms was examined in patients with severe CKD, and the percentage of the high-molecular-weight form in patients with IHD during follow-up (n = 3) was significantly smaller than that in those without IHD (n = 4, p <0.02). In conclusion, renal function is a significant regulator of adiponectin when categorized by CKD stage, whereas hypoadiponectinemia is a predictor of CVD, including recurrent IHD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwashima
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horio
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumada
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kihara
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rakugi
authors.forename: Yuhei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Funahashi
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogihara
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin