title: [Emergent outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis in Mato Grosso do Sul State].
abstract: This study, realized from October 2000 to January 2003 describes the clinical epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis in Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. A total of 149 cases were confirmed, with a predominance of the male gender (71.1%). The principal age group was aged 0 to 4 years old (42%). The clinical picture included fever (97.3%), esplenomegaly (85.9%) and anemia (75.8%). Associated infections were seen in 32 patients (21.5%), pneumonia being most common. Changes registered in the laboratory included a median hemoglobin level of 8mg/dl and 3,100 leucocytes/mm(3). Bone marrow smears were positive in 90.6% of patients. Of the 97.9% patients treated, 78.2% used pentavalent antimony. Mortalities occurred in 8% of cases, half of these with associated infection. Taken together, these data suggest changes in the physiographical occurrence of visceral leishmaniasis in this locality, with expansion and urbanization of the disease, requiring greater attention for early diagnosis and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS. allyrio@nin.ufms.br
authors.forename: Ana Lúcia Lyrio de
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Anamaria Mello Miranda
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Paniago
authors.forename: Maria Elizabeth Cavalheiros
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Dorval
authors.forename: Elisa Teruya
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Oshiro
authors.forename: Cássia Rejane
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanches
authors.forename: Rivaldo Venâncio da
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Márcio Neves
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Bóia
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D008875:Middle Aged; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012733:Sex Differentiation; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D008536:Meglumine; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D000666:Amphotericin B