title: An isotopic method for quantifying sweeteners derived from corn and sugar cane.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup, as well as cane sugar, has been implicated in the rise of the obesity and diabetes epidemics. To date, however, no reliable biomarker for the consumption of these sweeteners is available.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to determine the natural abundance stable-carbon-isotope signature of commonly consumed foods of plant origin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples from approximately 100 plant-derived food products purchased from local grocery stores were analyzed for 13C content by using stable-isotope mass spectroscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Measurement of natural abundance ratios of 13C to 12C in approximately 100 off-the-shelf foods found a distinct range of values for corn- and sugar cane-derived foods, particularly those rich in high-fructose corn syrup.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A new technique, in which consumption of these foods may be estimated in humans by measuring the natural abundance stable-carbon-isotope profile of corn- and sugar cane-sweetened or sugar-containing foods as tracked in tissue or blood, could potentially provide an objective assessment of dietary intake and offer new opportunities for the study of diet-disease relations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and the Center for Human Nutrition, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. jahren@jhu.edu
authors.forename: A Hope
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Jahren
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saudek
authors.forename: Edwina H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: W H Linda
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Caballero
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D031786:Saccharum / Q000737:chemistry*; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002241:Carbohydrates; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D013549:Sweetening Agents