title: Laparoscopic augmentation cystoplasty: a comparison between native ileum and small intestinal submucosa in the porcine model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the feasibility of laparoscopic augmentation cystoplasty (LAC) in the porcine model and to compare LAC using standard bowel vs a small intestinal submucosa (SIS) allograft.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen female pigs underwent LAC; six had standard ileal AC and eight AC with SIS. All the pigs had limited cystometrogram studies before surgery to determine bladder capacity. At 6 weeks after surgery the pigs were anaesthetized, the bladder capacities were re-assessed and then the pigs were killed; the bladders were harvested and examined histologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 12 of 14 pigs completed the 6-week survival period; two pigs from the SIS group died from urinary ascites secondary to anastomotic leaks at the cystoplasty site. There were no complications in the ileal augmentation group. The operative duration was similar in both groups. The bladder capacities increased significantly in both groups, although more reliably in the native ileum group. In two pigs in the SIS group there was no increase in bladder capacity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LAC is feasible in the porcine model and results in a significant increase in bladder capacity. AC using SIS does not appear to increase bladder capacity as reliably as native ileum, and has a higher complication rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Boston University School of Medicine, 720 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, USA. davids.wang@bmc.org
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Fretz
authors.forename: Thai T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Howard N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Winfield
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015653:Cystectomy / Q000379:methods; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D023421:Models, Animal; D013552:Swine; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000379:methods*