Gene expression profiling for the diagnosis of acute leukaemia.
An optimised diagnostic setting in acute leukaemias combines cytomorphology and cytochemistry, multiparameter immunophenotyping, cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridisation, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays. This allows classification and definition of biologically defined and prognostically relevant subtypes, and allows directed treatment in some sub-entities. Over the last years the microarray technology has helped to quantify simultaneously the expression status of ten thousands of genes in single experiments. This novel approach will hopefully become an essential tool for the molecular classification of acute leukaemias in the near future. It can be anticipated that new biologically defined and clinically relevant subtypes of leukaemia will be identified based on their unique gene expression profiles. This method may therefore guide therapeutic decisions and should be investigated in a diagnostic setting in parallel to established standard methods.
Haferlach
T
T
MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, Munich 81377, Germany. torsten.haferlach@mll-online.com
Kohlmann
A
A
Bacher
U
U
Schnittger
S
S
Haferlach
C
C
Kern
W
W
D000208:Acute Disease; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity