title: Evolution of surgery--śuśrta's innovative skills.
abstract: Surgery and Medicine are inseparably fused today as essential parts of the art of heeling. Over the millennia of recorded history, Medicine and Surgery have followed separate and largely independent evolutionary pertains. It is obvious that medical care could not have been complete without some surgery in ancient times. This branch of medical skill was not accepted as profession. The practitioners were members of all low caste, who were illiterates and passed on their knowledge by oral tradition rather than in writing. The barbers are celebrity surgeons in ancient India and continued till the recent past it is evident by Pandyan inscriptions of Tamilnadu of 7th-8th centuries A.D. The barbers were also the surgeons in ancient and medieval Europe. śuśrta, a great ancient Indian Surgeon, who is regarded as father of the surgery, designed surgical equipment with innovative vision and described many surgical procedures, which laid basis for many advanced technologies in this field.
authors.affiliation: Indian Institute of History of Medicine, OMC Building, Putlibowli, Hyderabad.
authors.forename: Ala
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Narayana
authors.forename: Varanasi
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Subhose
mesh_terms: D013502:General Surgery / Q000266:history*; D049690:History, Ancient; D007194:India; D008515:Medicine, Ayurvedic / Q000266:history*; D013525:Surgical Instruments / Q000266:history*