Role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase during vascular reconstruction.
Open vascular repair of ischemic myocardium and aortic aneurysms results in a systemic inflammatory response that influences the mortality and morbidity of these procedures. Recent studies in animal models of complex vascular reconstruction indicate that the activity of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) may influence the mortality and morbidity of these kinds of reconstructions. PARP's activity, localized to nuclei and mitochondria, is stimulated by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strand breaks. Activation of PARP results in synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) sugar moieties, whose primary role is to protect DNA from degradation during cytotoxic stress. Paradoxically, when stressful conditions similar to those experienced during vascular reconstructions result in overactivation of PARP, depletion of cellular levels of adenosine triphosphate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide can result in exacerbation of tissue injury. Herein we review the role of PARP in inflammation and its relevance to cardiovascular reconstructions.
Albadawi
Hassan
H
Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Crawford
Robert S
RS
Atkins
Marvin D
MD
Watkins
Michael T
MT
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*
D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D009243:NAD; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases