title: Macular carotenoids and age-related maculopathy.
abstract: Lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) are concentrated at the macula, where they are collectively known as macular pigment (MP), and where they are believed to play a major role in protecting retinal tissues against oxidative stress. Whilst the exact pathogenesis of age-related maculopathy (ARM) remains unknown, the disruption of cellular processes by oxidative stress may play an important role. Manipulation of dietary intake of L and Z has been shown to augment MP, thereby raising hopes that dietary supplementation with these carotenoids might prevent, delay, or modify the course of ARM. This article discusses the scientific rationale supporting the hypothesis that L and Z are protective against ARM, and presents the recent evidence germane to this theory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Waterford Regional Hospital, Waterford, Republic of Ireland. dreamonnoconnell@iolfree.ie
authors.forename: Eamonn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: O'Connell
authors.forename: Kumari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Neelam
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nolan
authors.forename: Kah-Guan
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Au Eong
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beatty
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D014975:Lutein / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011379:Prognosis; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D065146:Zeaxanthins
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D024341:Xanthophylls; D065146:Zeaxanthins; D014975:Lutein