title: The effects of oxidative stress on the liver and ileum in rats caused by one-lung ventilation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reactive oxygen radicals that cause remote organ injury are increased after the one-lung ventilation frequently used in thoracic surgery. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of one-lung ventilation on the liver and ileum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty rats were divided into five groups: a sham group; 3- and 4-h mechanical ventilation groups; and 1- and 2-h left lung collapse/2-h re-expansion groups (n = 6 for each group). In the collapse groups, the left lung was collapsed by bronchial occlusion for 1 and 2 h and then re-expanded and ventilated for an additional 2 h. At the end of the study, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were determined to assess liver functions. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity were determined in the liver and ileum tissues. The tissues were also examined by light and electron microscope. Apoptosis was assessed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma ALT and AST, tissue MDA, and MPO activities in both tissues were significantly higher in the 2-h collapse/2-h re-expansion group than in the 4-h mechanical ventilation group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the levels were significantly higher in the 2-h collapse group compared to the 1-h collapse group (P < 0.016). Tissue damage and apoptotic index were most prominent in the 2-h collapse/2-h re-expansion group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings showed that one-lung ventilation causes tissue damage in the liver and ileum and that this damage increases as occlusion duration rises.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey. eyulug@meds.ktu.edu.tr
authors.forename: Esin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yuluğ
authors.forename: Celal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tekinbas
authors.forename: Hülya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ulusoy
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alver
authors.forename: Engin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yenilmez
authors.forename: Sevim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.forename: Bahanur
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cekiç
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Topbas
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imamoğlu
authors.forename: Haluk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arvas
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001980:Bronchi; D003250:Constriction; D007082:Ileum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012121:Respiration, Artificial
chemical_list: D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009195:Peroxidase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase