title: Residual fate and persistence of endosulfan (50 WDG) in Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum).
abstract: Residual fate and dissipation pattern of endosulfan (50 WDG) in soil and plant was studied by gas liquid chromatography following twice applications (at 350 g and 700 g a.i. ha(-1)) in chick-pea, Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum) at vegetative and flowering stages of the crop. The initial residues of Endosulfan (alpha + beta + endosulfan sulfate) in plant following second application was 23.40-57.91 microg g(-1) and its maximum deposit in soil was 1.00-2.45 microg g(-1) after 1 day. Dissipation followed first order reaction kinetics and the half-life values were 2.6-2.9 days in green foliage and 4.4-5.0 days in soil. A pre-harvest interval of 14-19 days was recommended for green foliage. No residues were detected in harvested seeds. Maximum concentration of the metabolite endosulfan sulfate was 0.152-0.473 microg g(-1) in soil and 5.42-9.40 microg g(-1) in plant on third day. Endosulfan-beta was more persistent than alpha-isomer attributable to higher conversion of the later to endosulfan sulfate in soil and plant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Amit Ghosh
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.forename: Chaitali
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Ramen Kumar
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Kole
authors.forename: Hemanta
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Anjan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhattacharyya
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D029863:Cicer / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006207:Half-Life; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007700:Kinetics; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D004726:Endosulfan