title: Osteogenic potential of cultured human periosteum-derived cells - a pilot study of human cell transplantation into a rat calvarial defect model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Periosteum shows osteogenic potential and has received considerable attention as a grafting material for the repair of bone and joint defects. The osteogenic potential of cultured periosteal cells has also been reported. The findings of bone formation induced by cultured human periosteum-derived cells using a rat model are presented.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human mandibular periosteum was placed into a culture medium with 10% foetal bovine serum for 14 days. After reaching confluence, periosteal cells were re-suspended with 0.25% trypsin/EDTA and then re-cultured three dimensionally on a collagen sponge. The periosteal cell/collagen complex was grafted into rat calvarial defects and an immunosuppressant (FK506, 1.0 mg/kg/day) was administered intramuscularly. At 2, 3, and 5 weeks postoperatively, grafted tissue was extirpated and compared histologically and radiographically with tissue from a collagen-only grafted group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the experimental group, periosteal cells had proliferated and differentiated into osteogenic cells by 2 weeks post grafting. At 3 weeks, new bone formation was evident. By 5 weeks, bone growth was observed and new calcification was detected in the defect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cultured human periosteum-derived cells showed osteogenic potential in a xenogeneic graft model using rat calvarial defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery (Head: Prof. Dr. Toshio Sugahara), Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Toshimasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kagawa
authors.forename: Miwa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanou
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Eiki
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yamachika
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugahara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D017690:Cell Transplantation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000166:cytology; D010012:Osteogenesis; D010521:Periosteum / Q000166:cytology* / Q000637:transplantation*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012886:Skull / Q000601:surgery; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen