title: Arthroscopically assisted percutaneous repair of fresh closed achilles tendon rupture by Kessler's suture.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Achilles tendon ruptures are difficult to repair, and the healing rate is low due to this structure's anatomic and physiological characteristics. It is essential to develop new techniques to increase the healing rate and decrease the rate of complications.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To propose and evaluate a new percutaneous method of repairing fresh closed Achilles tendon ruptures by Kessler's suture under arthroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series; Level of evidence, 4.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients were followed at least 12 months in this study. First, the torn ends of the Achilles tendon were debrided during arthroscopy. Then percutaneous repair of the Achilles tendon was performed using Kessler's suture by an inside-out technique. All cases were followed up for an average range of 21 months (range, 12-36 months). All patients were evaluated by clinical examination, magnetic resonance imaging, and the Lindholm scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The torn ends were well aligned and sutured after the debridement under arthroscopy. According to the Lindholm scale, excellent results were seen in 15 cases and good in 5 cases. No patients had complications such as nerve injury, infection, or re-rupture at follow-up. Magnetic resonance imaging results showed that the ruptured Achilles tendons were repaired and remodeled very well in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present method is an effective surgical technique for repair of a closed rupture of the Achilles tendon. The short-term follow-up results were good, and recovery time was short. Few complications were found in our study cases.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China. tangkanglai@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Kang-lai
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Hajo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thermann
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Guang-xing
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D003646:Debridement; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012421:Rupture / Q000601:surgery*; D013537:Sutures; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome