title: Cyclosporine A inhibits IL-15-induced IL-17 production in CD4+ T cells via down-regulation of PI3K/Akt and NF-kappaB.
abstract: Cyclosporine A (CSA) has various biological effects on T cells, including inhibition of interleukin (IL)-15-induced IL-17 production in CD4+ T cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the mechanism underlying this effect is not fully understood. Here, we tried to investigate the mechanism of CSA to inhibit IL-17 production induced by IL-15 in CD4+ T cells. Synovial fluid and serum levels of IL-15 and IL-17 were determined by ELISA. CD4+ T cells from RA patients were treated with IL-15 in the presence of CSA or several signal inhibitors. The concentration of IL-17 in culture supernatants was measured by ELISA and IL-17 mRNA expression was determined by RT-PCR. NF-kappaB binding activity for IL-17 transcription was assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. IL-15 induced IL-17 production by CD4+ T cells in dose- and time-dependent manner. IL-15-stimulated IL-17 production and mRNA expression were inhibited by CSA in CD4+ T cells. Moreover PI3K/Akt inhibitor, NF-kappaB inhibitor, and FK506 significantly inhibited IL-15-induced IL-17 production in CD4+ T cells. Inhibition studies revealed the requirement of PI3K/Akt and NF-kappaB signal pathway for IL-15-induced IL-17 production. CSA down-regulated the phosphorylation of Akt and IkappaB. CSA inhibited binding of NF-kappaB to IL-17 promoter. The inhibitory effect of CSA on IL-15 induced IL-17 production partially depended on the increase in IL-10, since neutralizing anti-IL-10 antibodies were able to partially reverse this inhibition. CSA inhibits IL-17 production by CD4+ T cells and this effect is mediated by IL-15-activated NF-kappaB pathway in CD4+ T cells, which is possible mechanism of CSA in treating RA as NF-kappaB targeting strategy.
authors.affiliation: Center for Rheumatic Disease, Kang-Nam St. Mary's Hospital, and Research Institute of Immunobiology in Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. iammila@catholic.ac.kr
authors.forename: Mi-La
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Ji Hyeon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.forename: Kyoung-Woon
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young-Mee
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Seon-Yeong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: So-Youn
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Young-Gyu
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Hyun-Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyung-Su
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Chong-Hyeon
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Sang Heon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sung-Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ho-Youn
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019409:Interleukin-15 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018448:Models, Immunological; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D019409:Interleukin-15; D020381:Interleukin-17; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016572:Cyclosporine; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt