title: [Optimizing process of four-effect countercurrent extraction of danshensu from Salvia miltiorrhiza].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the process factors and characteristic of four-effect countercurrent extracting process of Danshensu from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Optimizing the parameters by using regression analysis and principal components analysis (PCA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Applying the orthogonal design method to optimize the extracting process. The factors of extraction time, solvent volume, extraction temperature and the degree of grinding were considered. And also, the new process was compared with the refluence process.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The optimal condition of four-effect countercurrent extraction of Danshensu from S. miltiorrhiza was 1 h extraction time, solvent to sample ratio of 12 mL x g(-1), 80 degrees C , 20 - 40 mesh of particle size. Compared with the refluence process, the countercurrent extracting process has the advantages of higher recovery, less solvent consumption and shorter extraction time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The four-effect countercurrent extraction process has great advantages and is good for Chinese medicinal materials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chinese Medicine Sciences and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xue-Song
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hai-Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Yi-Yu
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D007773:Lactates / Q000032:analysis*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D027561:Salvia miltiorrhiza / Q000737:chemistry*; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates; C035055:3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid