Engineering embryonic stem cells with recombinase systems.
The combined use of site-specific recombination and gene targeting or trapping in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) has resulted in the emergence of technologies that enable the induction of mouse mutations in a prespecified temporal and spatially restricted manner. Their large-scale implementation by several international mouse mutagenesis programs will lead to the assembly of a library of ES cell lines harboring conditional mutations in every single gene of the mouse genome. In anticipation of this unprecedented resource, this chapter will focus on site-specific recombination strategies and issues pertinent to ESCs and mice. The upcoming ESC resource and the increasing sophistication of site-specific recombination technologies will greatly assist the functional annotation of the human genome and the animal modeling of human disease.
Schnütgen
Frank
F
Department for Molecular Hematology, University of Frankfurt Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Stewart
A Francis
AF
von Melchner
Harald
H
Anastassiadis
Konstantinos
K
D000818:Animals; D004254:DNA Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D015723:Gene Library; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D019426:Integrases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed / Q000379:methods; D011995:Recombination, Genetic
C045073:Cre recombinase; D004254:DNA Nucleotidyltransferases; C045119:FLP recombinase; D019426:Integrases