title: Effects of carbon concentration and carbon to nitrogen ratio on the growth and sporulation of several biocontrol fungi.
abstract: Effects of carbon concentration and carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratio on six biocontrol fungal strains are reported in this paper. All fungal strains had extensive growth on the media supplemented with 6-12 gl(-1) carbon and C:N ratios from 10:1 to 80:1, and differed in nutrient requirements for sporulation. Except for the two strains of Paecilomyces lilacinus, all selected fungi attained the highest spore yields at a C:N ratio of 160:1 when the carbon concentration was 12 gl(-1) for Metarhizium anisopliae SQZ-1-21, 6 gl(-1) for M. anisopliae RS-4-1 and Trichoderma viride TV-1, and 8 gl(-1) for Lecanicillium lecanii CA-1-G. The optimal conditions for P. lilacinus sporulation were 8 gl(-1) carbon with a C:N ratio of 10:1 for M-14 and 12 gl(-1) carbon with a C:N ratio of 20:1 for IPC-P, respectively. The results indicated that the influence of carbon concentration and C:N ratio on fungal growth and sporulation is strain dependent; therefore, consideration for the complexity of nutrient requirements is essential for improving yields of fungal biocontrol agents.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Systematic Mycology and Lichenology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 2714, Beijing 100080, PR China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Man H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xing Z
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yong S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Che
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media; D052981:Metarhizium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D003904:Mitosporic Fungi / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D009172:Mycology / Q000379:methods; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010143:Paecilomyces / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen