title: Alcohol intake and incidence of coronary disease in Australian aborigines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in relation to alcohol in a cohort of Australian Aborigines.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1988-1989, alcohol intake, drinking pattern, and beverage preference were elicited by interviewer-administered questionnaire in Western Australian Aborigines (258 men, 256 women) and cardiovascular outcomes ascertained through linkage to mortality and hospital admission records to 2002.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In proportional hazards models, risk for CHD, relative to lifetime abstainers, was significantly increased in ex-drinkers [Hazard ratio (HR) 2.29, 95% CL 1.23, 4.27], those drinking 41-60 g/day in men or 21-40 g/day in women (HR 2.80, 95% CL 1.04, 7.53), and those drinking >150 g/day for men or >100 g/day for women (HR 2.25, 95% CL 1.03, 4.90) with a J-shaped relationship. Low-to-moderate drinkers had lower waist girth, exercised more, and had a lower prevalence of overweight and smoking than at-risk drinkers. A preference for wine was associated with lower HR (0.28, 95% CL 0.10, 0.95). With CVD, only ex-drinkers showed significantly increased risk (HR 1.87, 95% CL 1.20, 2.91).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More favourable health-related behaviours in low-to-moderate drinkers suggest that lower risk could be mediated by lifestyle, as proposed in other populations.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Perth, Australia. vburke@cyllene.uwa.edu.au
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spargo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Beilin
authors.forename: I B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Puddey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000401:mortality*; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000401:mortality; D002423:Cause of Death; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000401:mortality*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006306:Health Surveys; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio; D014904:Western Australia