title: Mobilization and evolutionary history of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) in Beta vulgaris L.
abstract: We have identified three families of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (VulMITEs) in the genome of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), evidently derived from a member of the Vulmar family of mariner transposons. While VulMITEs I are typical stowaway-like MITEs, VulMITEs II and VulMITEs III are rearranged stowaway elements of increased size. The integration of divergent moderately and highly repetitive sequences into VulMITEs II and, in particular in VulMITEs III, respectively, shows that amplification of repetitive DNA by MITEs contribute to the increase of genome size with possible implications for plant genome evolution. Fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH), for the first time visualizing stowaway MITE distribution on plant chromosomes, revealed a dispersed localization of VulMITEs along all B. vulgaris chromosomes. Analysis of the flanking sequences identified a dispersed repeat as target site for the integration of the stowaway element VulMITE I. Recent transposition of VulMITE I, which most likely occurred during the domestication of cultivated beets, was concluded from insertional polymorphisms between different B. vulgaris cultivars and species.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Botany, Dresden University of Technology, D-01062, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Menzel
authors.forename: Daryna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dechyeva
authors.forename: Heiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: Cornelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Himmelbauer
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D027461:Beta vulgaris / Q000235:genetics*; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements