title: Effects of huoxiangzhengqi liquid on enteric mucosal immune responses in mice with Bacillus dysenteriae and Salmonella typhimurium induced diarrhea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore effects of huoxiangzhengqi liquid (HXZQ) on enteric mucosal immune responses in mice with Bacillus dysenteriae and Salmonella typhimurium induced diarrhea (BSD).
  
  
  METHODS
  BSD was induced in Balb/c mice by oral administration with Bacillus dysenteriae and Salmonella typhimurium. HXZQ was administrated from the day of diarrhea induction at dosages of 5.21 g/kg and 0.52 g/kg, respectively. The onset of diarrhea and lasting time were recorded. Peyer's patches and peripheral lymphocytes were prepared for flow cytometry, and levels of TNF-alpha in peripheral blood and enteric tissue homogenates were determined with ELISA. Student's t test was employed for statistics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mice in BSD group started showing continuous diarrhea on the day of induction until the fourth day when they were sacrificed. Diarrhea in the mice of HXZQ high and low dose groups lasted for 36 and 54 h, respectively. There were more CD4+ and CD8+ cells in peripheral blood, fewer CD4+ cells in Peyer's patches in BSD mice compared to normal mice. Fewer CD4+ and CD8+ cells was shown in the mice in HXZQ high group compared to BSD mice. In Peyer's patch, there were more CD8+ cells in mice in HXZQ high and low dose groups and more CD4+ in mice in HXZQ high group. Higher levels of TNF-alpha in peripheral blood and intestinal tissue homogenates in BSD group were observed. Mice in HXZQ high group showed decreased levels of TNF-alpha in peripheral blood and enteric tissue homogenates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The immune regulation of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in Peyer's patch and suppression of TNF-alpha levels in enteric homogenates may partially explain the effect of HXZQ on improvement of BSD.
authors.affiliation: National Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 33000, Jiangxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Yin-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Hong-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhen-Li
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Xiao-Jian
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Se-Qi
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Xing-Wen
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Shi-Lin
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ai-Ping
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001407:Bacillus / Q000187:drug effects*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C516480:Huoxiang-zhengqi