title: Genetic regulation of plasma von Willebrand factor levels: quantitative trait loci analysis in a mouse model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The genetic factors responsible for the wide variation in plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels observed among individuals are largely unknown, although these genes are also likely to contribute to variability in the severity of von Willebrand disease (VWD) and other bleeding and thrombotic disorders. We have previously mapped two genes contributing to the regulation of plasma VWF levels in mice (Mvwf1 on chromosome 11 and Mvwf2 on chromosome 6).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify additional quantitative trait loci (QTL) contributing to the genetic regulation of murine plasma VWF levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  To map genetic loci contributing to the > 7-fold difference in plasma VWF levels between two mouse strains (A/J and CASA/RkJ), high-density individual genotyping and R/qtl analyses were applied to a previously generated set of approximately 200 F2 mice obtained from an intercross of these two inbred lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genomic loci for two additional candidate VWF modifier genes were identified: Mvwf3 on chromosome 4 and Mvwf4 on chromosome 13. These loci demonstrate primarily epistatic effects when co-inherited with two CASA/RkJ Vwf alleles, although Mvwf4 may also exert a small, independent, additive effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mvwf3 and Mvwf4, combined with the effect of Mvwf2, explain approximately 45% of the genetic variation in plasma VWF level among the A/J and CASA/RkJ strains. Mvwf3 and Mvwf4 exhibit homology of synteny to three human chromosomal segments (on chromosomes 1, 5 and 6) previously reported by the Genetic Analysis of Idiopathic Thrombophilia (GAIT) study, suggesting that orthologs of Mvwf3 and Mvwf4 may also encode important VWF modifier genes in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Lemmerhirt
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Broman
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shavit
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ginsburg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D033481:Chromosomes, Mammalian; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D040582:Inheritance Patterns / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D023421:Models, Animal; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014841:von Willebrand Factor