title: Risk factors for low back injury among farmers in Iowa: A case-control study nested in the agricultural health study.
abstract: The aim of this study was to assess risk factors for low back injury requiring medical advice or treatment among Iowa farmers. Although farmers are at risk for low back injury, few studies have addressed risk factors for farm work-related low back injury. We screened 6999 participants in the Iowa portion of the Agricultural Health Study to identify 49 male farmers who reported farm work-related low back injury requiring medical advice or treatment in the previous year. We compared them with 465 uninjured male farmer controls. Multivariable modeling identified four risk factors significantly associated with low back injury: age less than 45 years (OR = 3.32; 95% CI 1.75-6.20), doctor-diagnosed asthma (OR = 4.26; 95% CI 1.49-12.10), education beyond high school (OR = 2.12; 95% CI 1.13-3.90), and difficulty hearing normal conversation (even with a hearing aid, in the case of those using one) (OR = 1.98; 95% CI 1.02-3.80). Although hearing difficulty may be a general risk factor for occupational injury, asthma may be a more specific risk factor for low back injury. Future research to assess the risk factors, asthma and difficulty hearing, may be particularly important, since farmers are at increased risk for hearing loss, and farmers come into contact with many inhaled agents that can cause asthma.
authors.affiliation: The University of Iowa-Occupational & Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-5000, USA. nancy-sprince@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sprince
authors.forename: Hyesook
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zwerling
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Whitten
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Burmeister
authors.forename: Kendall
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thu
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gillette
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alavanja
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000382:Agricultural Workers' Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000383:Agriculture / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology; D019567:Back Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004522:Educational Status; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007484:Iowa / Q000453:epidemiology; D008161:Lumbosacral Region / Q000293:injuries; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors