title: Serum levels of mannose-binding lectin and the risk of fever in neutropenia pediatric cancer patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fever in neutropenia (FN) is a frequent complication in pediatric oncology. Deficiency of mannose-binding lectin (MBL), an important component of innate immunity, is common due to genetic polymorphisms, but its impact on infections in oncologic patients is controversial. This study investigated whether MBL serum levels at cancer diagnosis are associated with the development of FN in pediatric cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum MBL was measured using ELISA. Frequency, duration, and cause of FN were assessed retrospectively. Association with MBL level was analyzed using uni- and multivariate Poisson regression taking into account both intensity and duration of chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 94 children, with a cumulative follow-up time of 81.7 years, 177 FN episodes were recorded. Patients with both very low MBL levels (<100 microg/L; risk ratio (RR), 1.93; 95% CI, 1.14-3.28; P = 0.014) and normal MBL levels (>or=1,000 microg/L; RR, P = 0.011) had significantly more frequent FN episodes than patients with low MBL levels (100-999 microg/L). Patients with very low MBL levels had significantly more episodes of FN with severe bacterial infection (bacteremia or pneumonia; RR, 4.49; 1.69 = 11.8; P = 0.003), while those with normal MBL levels had more FN episodes with no microbial etiology identified (RR, 1.85; 1.14 = 3.03; P = 0.014).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Very low MBL levels are associated with more frequent FN episodes, mainly due to severe bacterial infections. The surprising finding that children with normal MBL levels had more frequent FN episodes than those with low MBL levels needs testing in prospective studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Schlapbach
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aebi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otth
authors.forename: A Ridolfi
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Luethy
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Leibundgut
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirt
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ammann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin / Q000097:blood* / Q000172:deficiency; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin