title: A case of T2 muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A 61-year-old woman with a substantial history of smoking presented with gross hematuria. Cystoscopic evaluation revealed a large bladder tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cystoscopic evaluation, histological examination, crosssectional imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  High-grade muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma (clinical stage T2N0M0, later confirmed as pathologic stage T3aN0M0).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor, clinical trialbased neoadjuvant treatment with paclitaxel, carboplatin and gemcitabine, and radical cystectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Michigan, 7303 CCGC, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0946, USA.
authors.forename: Scott M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: Cheryl T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D019042:Muscle Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000175:diagnosis; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*