title: Prevalence of pain in hospitalised cancer patients in Norway: a national survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pain severely impairs health-related quality of life and is a feared symptom among cancer patients. Unfortunately, patients often do not receive optimal care. We wanted to evaluate the quality of cancer pain treatment in Norwegian hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  A one-day prevalence study targeting hospitalised cancer patients above 18 years of age was performed. A questionnaire based on the Brief Pain Inventory was used, and additional information regarding sex, age, diagnosis, break through pain (BTP), and treatment was included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty two percent of the included patients stated having cancer related pain (n=453), and mean pain during the previous 24 hours for these patients was NRS 3.99 (Numeric Rating scale 1-10). Presence of metastasis, occurrence of BTP, and abnormal skin sensibility in the area of pain were associated with higher pain scores. Forty two percent of all patients used opioids. However, these patients still had higher pain scores, more episodes of BTP, and more influence of the pain on daily life functions than average. Thirty percent of patients with severe pain (NRS>or=5) did not use opioids, and some of these patients did not receive any analgesics at all.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although most cancer patients receive an acceptable pain treatment in Norwegian hospitals, there are patients who are not adequately managed. Lack of basic knowledge and individual systematic symptom assessment may be reasons for the underuse of analgesics and the resulting unnecessary suffering among the cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Post-operative Care, Ullevål University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. anders.holtan@uus.no
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holtan
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aass
authors.forename: Tone
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nordøy
authors.forename: Dagny Faksvåg
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Haugen
authors.forename: Stein
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaasa
authors.forename: Wenche
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mohr
authors.forename: Ulf E
authors.initials: UE
authors.lastname: Kongsgaard
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D010146:Pain / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics