title: Induction chemotherapy does not increase the operative risk of pneumonectomy!
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is an ongoing debate whether induction therapy increases post-operative mortality and morbidity, especially when performing pneumonectomy. We therefore reviewed a consecutive series of patients having undergone pneumonectomy in a single center.
  
  
  METHODS
  The charts of 298 patients operated on between January 1999 and July 2005 were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 included those who received induction chemotherapy (60 patients, 20.1%), and group 2 included those who underwent surgery alone (238 patients, 79.9%). Endpoints were operative mortality at 30 and at 90 days, and major complications such as empyema, bronchial fistula and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 11.0 software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Demographic data were similar for both groups when considering side of operation, comorbidity and weaning from tobacco; patients were older in group 2 (61.83+/-9.58 years vs 57.75+/-8.94 years; p=0.003) and there were more female patients in group 2 (17.2% vs 5.0%; p=0.010). Post-operative mortality at 30 days was 6.7% in group 1 and 5.5% in group 2 (p=0.458), and 11.7% for group 1 and 10.9% in group 2 at 90 days (p=0.512). Incidence of empyema was 1.7% in group 1 and 2.1% in group 2 (p=0.652); incidence of bronchopleural fistulas was 1.7% in group 1 and 5.5% in group 2 (p=0.188); incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome was 3.3% in group 1 and 3.4% in group 2 (p=0.675).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In opposition to previous reports, induction chemotherapy did not significantly jeopardize post-operative outcome following pneumonectomy in our experience.
authors.affiliation: Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67091 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Ziad
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mansour
authors.forename: Evgenia A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kochetkova
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ducrocq
authors.forename: Mircea-Dan
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Vasilescu
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maxant
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buggenhout
authors.forename: Jean-Marie
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wihlm
authors.forename: Gilbert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Massard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000009:adverse effects; D016724:Empyema, Pleural / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012074:Remission Induction; D016156:Respiratory Tract Fistula / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome