title: [Pulmonary or circulatory causes of dyspnea - value of spiroergometry].
abstract: Patients often report of dyspnea during exertion which should be further analysed as a hint of heart or lung disease. When case history, chest X-ray, ECG, spirometry, and methacholine test do not explain the complaints, a cardiopulmonary exercise test is recommended. Parameters of spiroergometry can often elucidate cardiocirculatory or pulmonary causes. In cardiocirculatory triggered dyspnea the following pattern can be found: reduced maximal oxygen consumption and work rate (WR), an early plateau of oxygen consumption/WR, reduced increase of oxygen consumption/WR, reduced heart rate reserve < 15 beats/min, reduced oxygen pulse and an early plateau, increased breathing reserve, an increased minute ventilation/CO (2) production indicating increased dead space ventilation. In pulmonary triggered dyspnea the following pattern can be found: reduced maximal oxygen consumption, increased heart rate reserve, reduced breathing reserve. With the exercise tidal flow volume loop plotted within the maximal flow volume loop a more thorough interpretation is possible. In a case presentation, the decision-making process using the 9-panel display of Wasserman is demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Klinik Ambrock, Klinik für Pneumologie, Allergologie und Schlafmedizin, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Hagen. Pneumo @t-on-line.de
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Rühle
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics; D013147:Spirometry
chemical_list: D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D010100:Oxygen