title: Evaporation and Marangoni driven convection in small heated water droplets.
abstract: Evaporation dynamics of small sessile water droplets under microgravity conditions is investigated numerically. The water-air interface is free, and the surrounding air is assumed to be quasisteady. The droplet is described by Navier-Stokes and heat equations and its surrounding water/air gaseous phase with Laplace equation. In the thermodynamic conditions of the simulations presented herein, the evaporative mass flow is nonlinear. It shows a minimum that indicates the existence of qualitative changes in the evaporative regimes although the droplet is sessile. Due to temperature gradients on the free interface, Marangoni motion occurs and generates inside the droplet convection cells that furthermore exhibit small fluctuating motion as evaporation goes on.
authors.affiliation: Thermodynamique et modélisation des milieux hors d'équilibre, UMR-CNRS 6171, Université Paul Cezanne-Aix-Marseille III, BP 451 Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Girard
authors.forename: Mickaël
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antoni
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Faure
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steinchen