[AMPK, an active player in the control of metabolism].
Impairment in the regulation of energy homeostasis and imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure lead to many metabolic disorders and diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is considered as a "fuel-gauge" in the cell and plays a key role in the regulation of energy metabolism. Activated by an increase in the AMP/ATP ratio, AMPK switches on catabolic pathways such as fatty acid oxidation and switches off anabolic pathways such as lipogenesis or gluconeogenesis. Insulin-sensitizing adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) and anti-diabetic drugs (thiazolidinediones and biguanides) are acting in part through the activation of AMPK. More recent findings indicate that AMPK plays also a major role in the control of whole body energy homeostasis by integrating, at the hypothalamus level, nutrient and hormonal signals that regulate food intake and energy expenditure. AMPK provides therefore a potential target for the treatment of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type II diabetes.
Daval
Marie
M
INSERM U671, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Centre Biomédical des Cordeliers, 15, rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75270 Paris 06.
Ferré
Pascal
P
Foufelle
Fabienne
F
D000263:Adenylate Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007301:Insect Hormones / Q000502:physiology; D007328:Insulin / Q000502:physiology; D020738:Leptin / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000502:physiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
D005227:Fatty Acids; D007301:Insect Hormones; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D009842:Oligopeptides; C044833:adipokinetic hormone; D000263:Adenylate Kinase; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid