title: Atmospheric organochlorine pesticide concentrations near the Great Lakes: temporal and spatial trends.
abstract: As a part of the Integrated Atmospheric Deposition Network, atmospheric organochlorine pesticide concentrations were measured in both the gas and particle phases at seven sites near the Great Lakes. Much higher organochlorine pesticide concentrations were found in the gas phase compared to that in the particle phase. Long-term decreasing trends were observed for most pesticides in both phases. Two different seasonal trends were observed in the particle phase: (a) in-use pesticides, such as endosulfan, showed higher concentrations in the summer, a time corresponding to their agriculture use, and (b) restricted organochlorine pesticides, such as lindane, showed higher particle-phase concentrations in the winter, presumably due to their enhanced partitioning from the gas phase to particles. Generally, Chicago had the highest concentrations of chlordanes, dieldrin, and sigmaDDT, suggesting that urban areas could be sources of these compounds to atmosphere. Point Petre had the highest concentrations of endosulfan, likely due to its agricultural application in Southern Ontario.
authors.affiliation: School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Pierrette
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Blatnchard
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brice
authors.forename: Ronald A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hites
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001272:Atmosphere; D002625:Chemistry, Organic / Q000379:methods; D002641:Chicago; D002706:Chlordan / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D017606:Chlorine Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D003634:DDT / Q000633:toxicity; D004026:Dieldrin / Q000633:toxicity; D004777:Environment; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D009864:Ontario; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D017606:Chlorine Compounds; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010575:Pesticides; D002706:Chlordan; D003634:DDT; D004026:Dieldrin