title: K/DOQI guideline requirements for calcium, phosphate, calcium phosphate product, and parathyroid hormone control in dialysis patients: can we achieve them?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mineral metabolism has emerged as an important predictor of morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients. Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) clinical practice guidelines for bone metabolism and disease in chronic kidney disease (CKD) recommend that, in Stage 5 CKD, the target levels for calcium (Ca) (corrected for serum albumin), phosphate (P), calcium x phosphate (CaxP) product and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels should be maintained at 8.4-9.5 mg/dl, 3.5-5.5 mg/dl, <55 mg2/dl2 and 150-300 pg/ml, respectively.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate our ability to achieve K/DOQI guidelines for bone metabolism and disease targets in our patients and to compare them between patients on hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) and also with those reported in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed bone metabolism laboratory parameters in 57 HD patients and 69 PD patients, who had been on dialysis for more than 9 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of patients whose serum Ca, P, CaxP product and PTH were within K/DOQI recommended target ranges were 46%, 53%, 77% and 28% in HD patients and 52%, 65%, 77% and 23% in PD patients, respectively. There were no significant differences between HD and PD patients in the percentage of all parameters that were within K/DOQI recommended target ranges. The percentage of our HD patients who had Ca, P, and PTH levels within recommended target range was similar to those in previous reports.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our unit, the management of bone and mineral metabolism in HD and PD patients is still far short of meeting K/DOQI guidelines. These findings appear similar in HD and PD patients. Our findings resemble those reported in the literature.
authors.affiliation: Home Peritoneal Dialysis Unit, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and Department of Nephrology, Guangxi People's Hospital, Guangxi, PR China. ellenwmx@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Mingxin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Hulya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taskapan
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Esbaei
authors.forename: Sarbjit Vanita
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Jassal
authors.forename: Joanne M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bargman
authors.forename: Dimitrios G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Oreopoulos
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010710:Phosphates; D002118:Calcium