title: Mechanisms of TRAIL-induced apoptosis in leukemic plasmacytoid dendritic cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dendritic cells play a central role in regulating the innate and adaptive immune responses. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC) represent a newly identified kind of DC with specialized functions aimed at fighting against viral infections. Recently, we have shown that CD4+CD56+ malignancies were leukemia arising from PDC, with a particularly aggressive clinical course. Hence, we asked whether these malignant PDC could be killed via TRAIL, a death-inducing ligand that belongs to a new class of anticancer drugs currently under development.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study we used a PDC line (GEN2.2) we recently developed from leukemic PDC as a model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We show that GEN2.2 PDC are sensitive to TRAIL-induced apoptosis and can be killed in vitro by TRAIL-expressing NK cells. Our results suggest that TRAIL binds to Death Receptor 5 (DR5) expressed by GEN2.2 and induces apoptosis mainly via caspases 10, 8, and 3. Interestingly, during infection with influenza, DR5 decreases on GEN2.2 cell surface, which consequently become resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Moreover, we confirmed the expression of DR5 or DR4 on half of LPDC tested, suggesting the possibility to kill these cells via TRAIL. Hopefully, normal PDC expressed neither DR4 nor DR5.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that TRAIL agonists represent a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of LPDC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research and Development, EFS Rhône-Alpes Grenoble, La Tronche, France.
authors.forename: Ariane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chaperot
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Molens
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Foissaud
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Plantaz
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Plumas
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001665:Binding Sites; D020169:Caspases / Q000276:immunology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D007952:Leukemia, Plasma Cell / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C105190:TNFRSF10A protein, human; D020169:Caspases