title: The effects of a language barrier in a South African district hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Communication between health workers and patients at Hottentots Holland Hospital (HHH) is hindered by staff and patients not speaking the same language. HHH is a district hospital in the Cape Town Metropolitan District of the Western Cape where staff mainly speak Afrikaans or English and a large number of patients mainly Xhosa.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study aimed to explore the effects of this language barrier on health workers and patients at HHH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three focus group interviews were held with 21 members of staff and 5 in-depth patient interviews were conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The language barrier was found to interfere with working efficiently, create uncertainty about the accuracy of interpretation, be enhanced by a lack of education or training, cause significant ethical dilemmas, negatively influence the attitudes of patients and staff towards each other, decrease the quality of and satisfaction with care, and cause cross-cultural misunderstandings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effects of the language barrier were considerable and persistent despite an official language policy in the province. The training and employment of professional interpreters as well as teaching of basic Xhosa to staff are recommended.
authors.affiliation: Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Western Cape, South Africa.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schlemmer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mash
mesh_terms: D003144:Communication Barriers; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000941:ethics; D006767:Hospitals, District; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D019303:Multilingualism; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations / Q000941:ethics*; D013019:South Africa; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires