title: KASH-domain proteins in nuclear migration, anchorage and other processes.
abstract: The nucleus in eukaryotic cells can move within the cytoplasm, and its position is crucial for many cellular events, including migration and differentiation. Nuclear anchorage and movement can be achieved through association of outer nuclear membrane (ONM) proteins with the three cytoskeletal systems. Two decades ago studies described C. elegans mutants with defects in such events, but only recently has it been shown that the strategies for nuclear positioning are indeed conserved in C. elegans, Drosophila, mammals and potentially all eukaryotes. The integral ONM proteins implicated in these processes thus far all contain a conserved Klarsicht/ANC-1/Syne homology (KASH) domain at their C-terminus that can associate with Sad1p/UNC-84 (SUN)-domain proteins of the inner nuclear membrane within the periplasmic space of the nuclear envelope (NE). The complex thus formed is responsible not only for association with cytoplasmic elements but also for the integrity of the NE itself.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wilhelmsen
authors.forename: Mirjam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ketema
authors.forename: Hoa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Truong
authors.forename: Arnoud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sonnenberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000378:metabolism*; D015530:Nuclear Matrix / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins