title: Relationship between depression and quality of life in Nigerian outpatients with heart failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between depression and health-related quality of life (QoL) in Nigerian outpatients with heart failure (HF).
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a cross-sectional study in which outpatients with HF (n=100) completed the WHO Quality of Life Scale-Brief Version to assess their subjective QoL. The patients were also assessed for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders, Fourth Edition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The factors independently associated with poor QoL include disability due to illness, presence of MDD, younger age, and longer duration of illness. Patients with MDD had worse QoL than patients without MDD on dimensions of physical health, psychological health, and environment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Depression adversely affects the QoL of patients with HF. Programs designed to improve the QoL of patients with HF need to incorporate the early identification and treatment of depression. Future studies are warranted to investigate the impact of improved depression management on QoL in patients with HF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Bola A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Ola
authors.forename: Abiodun O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Adewuya
authors.forename: Olufemi E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Ajayi
authors.forename: Anthony O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Akintomide
authors.forename: Olaleye O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Oginni
authors.forename: Yemisi A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Ologun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044383:Black People; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria; D011788:Quality of Life; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors