title: Effects of a single Silastic contraceptive implant containing nomegestrol acetate (Uniplant) on endometrial morphology and ovarian function for 1 year.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of a subdermal implant containing nomegestrol acetate (Uniplant) on endometrial histology and ovarian function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty healthy female volunteers of reproductive age were included and completed a menstrual diary throughout the study. Hysteroscopy, transvaginal sonography and blood sampling were performed prior to implant insertion (control cycle) and following 6 and 12 months of Uniplant use. Transvaginal sonography was performed every other day from Day 8 of the cycle up to the obtainment of sonographic evidence of a 12-mm follicle, then every day until the obtainment of sonographic evidence of follicular rupture and thereafter every other day until the next menstrual bleeding. Blood samples were taken for the measurement of estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and progesterone on the same days on which transvaginal sonography was performed. The implants were removed after 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty percent of cycles were ovulatory, and 80% were anovulatory. The development of persistent nonluteinized follicle occurred in 40% of all cycles studied, inadequate luteal phase occurred in 20% of cycles and no follicular development occurred in 40%. Endometrial thickness remained below 8 mm in all cycles studied. Alterations in endometrial vascularization were observed in all treated cycles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that this long-acting contraceptive method affects follicular growth and endometrial vascularization, disrupts endometrial architecture and leads to inadequate luteal phase.
authors.affiliation: Maternidade Climério de Oliveira, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia 40055-150, Brazil. barbosaic@terra.com.br
authors.forename: Ione Cristina
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.forename: Elsimar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coutinho
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Antonio C V
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Noronha
authors.forename: Adelmo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Botto
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004343:Drug Implants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D008535:Megestrol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D009649:Norpregnadienes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D045167:Progesterone Congeners / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D012828:Silicones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D004343:Drug Implants; D009649:Norpregnadienes; D045167:Progesterone Congeners; D012828:Silicones; C013830:baysilon; C038501:nomegestrol acetate; D008535:Megestrol