title: Recommendations for participation in competitive sport and leisure-time physical activity in individuals with cardiomyopathies, myocarditis and pericarditis.
abstract: Several relatively uncommon, but important cardiovascular diseases are associated with increased risk for acute cardiac events during exercise (including sudden death), such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) and myo-pericarditis. Practising cardiologists are frequently asked to advise on exercise programmes and sport participation in young individuals with these cardiovascular diseases. Indeed, many asymptomatic (or mildly symptomatic) patients with cardiomyopathies aspire to a physically active lifestyle to take advantage of the many documented benefits of exercise. While recommendations dictating the participation in competitive sport for athletes with cardiomyopathies and myo-pericarditis have recently been published as a consensus document of the European Society of Cardiology, no European guidelines have addressed the possible participation of patients with cardiomyopathies in recreational and amateur sport activities. The present document is intended to offer a comprehensive overview to practising cardiologists and sport physicians of the recommendations governing safe participation in different types of competitive sport, as well as the participation in a variety of recreational physical activities and amateur sports in individuals with cardiomyopathies and myo-pericarditis. These recommendations, based largely on the experience and insights of the expert panel appointed by the European Society of Cardiology, include the most up-to-date information concerning regular exercise and sports activity in patients with cardiomyopathies and myo-pericarditis.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Sports Medicine, Italian National Olympic Committee, Rome, Italy. antonio.pelliccia@coni.it
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pelliccia
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Corrado
authors.forename: Hans Halvor
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Bjørnstad
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Panhuyzen-Goedkoop
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urhausen
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carre
authors.forename: Aris
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anastasakis
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vanhees
authors.forename: Eloisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arbustini
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Priori
mesh_terms: D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D009043:Motor Activity; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010493:Pericarditis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*; D013178:Sports Medicine / Q000379:methods*