Exercise, genetics and prevention of type 2 diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes is one of the fastest growing public health problems in both developed and developing countries. Cardiovascular disease is the most prevalent complication of type 2 diabetes. In the past decade, the associations of physical activity, physical fitness and changes in the lifestyle with the risk of type 2 diabetes have been assessed by a number of prospective studies and clinical trials. A few studies have also evaluated the joint associations of physical activity, body mass index and glucose levels with the risk of type~2 diabetes. The results based on prospective studies and clinical trials have shown that moderate or high levels of physical activity or physical fitness and changes in the lifestyle (dietary modification and increase in physical activity) can prevent type 2 diabetes.
Hu
Gang
G
Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland. hu.gang@ktl.fi
Rico-Sanz
Jesús
J
Lakka
Timo A
TA
Tuomilehto
Jaakko
J
D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
D001786:Blood Glucose