title: Chinese white Rongchang pig does not have the dominant white allele of KIT but has the dominant black allele of MC1R.
abstract: The mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (KIT) and melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) mutations are responsible for coat color phenotypes in domestic pigs. Rongchang is a Chinese indigenous pig breed with a white coat color phenotype. To investigate the genetic variability of the KIT and MC1R genes and their possible association with the coat color phenotype in this breed, a gene duplication and splice mutation of KIT were diagnosed in a sample of 93 unrelated Rongchang animals. The results show that Rongchang pigs have a single copy of KIT without the splice mutation at the first nucleotide of intron 17, indicating that the dominant white I allele of KIT is not responsible for their white phenotype. The KIT mRNA and MC1R coding sequences were also determined in this breed. Three putative amino acid substitutions were found in the KIT gene between Rongchang and Western white pigs, their association with the Rongchang white phenotype remains unknown. For the MC1R gene, Rongchang pigs were demonstrated to have the same dominant black allele (E(D1)) as other Chinese breeds, supporting the previous conclusion that Chinese and Western pigs have independent domestication origin. We also clarified that the Rongchang white phenotype was recessive to nonwhite color phenotypes. Our results provide a good starting point for the identification of the mutations underlying the white coat color in Rongchang pigs.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Animal Biotechnology of Jiangxi Province and the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Fenju
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Huashui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.forename: Nengshui
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Junwu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Daiqin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Congyin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yuanmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Lusheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D005799:Genes, Dominant; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006197:Hair; D006200:Hair Color / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010641:Phenotype; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000235:genetics*; D044102:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D013552:Swine / Q000235:genetics*; D019366:Western World
chemical_list: D044102:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit