Accelerated atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed Western diets containing palm oil compared with extra virgin olive oils: a role for small, dense high-density lipoproteins.
To test the hypothesis that extra virgin olive oils from different cultivars added to Western diets might behave differently than palm oil in the development of atherosclerosis, apoE-deficient mice were fed diets containing different cultivars of olive oil for 10 weeks. Female mice were assigned randomly to one of the following five groups: (1-4) fed chow diets supplemented with 0.15% (w/w) cholesterol and 20% (w/w) extra virgin olive oil from the Arbequina, Picual, Cornicabra, or Empeltre cultivars, and (5) fed a chow diet supplemented with 0.15% cholesterol and 20% palm oil. Compared to diets containing palm oil, a Western diet supplemented with one of several varieties of extra virgin olive oil decreased atherosclerosis lesions, reduced plaque size, and decreased macrophage recruitment. Unexpectedly, total plasma paraoxonase activity, apoA-I, plasma triglycerides, and cholesterol played minor roles in the regulation of differential aortic lesion development. Extra virgin olive oil induced a cholesterol-poor, apoA-IV-enriched lipoparticle that has enhanced arylesterase and antioxidant activities, which is closely associated with reductions in atherosclerotic lesions. Given the anti-atherogenic properties of extra virgin olive oil evident in animal models fed a Western diet, clinical trials are needed to establish whether these oils are a safe and effective means of treating atherosclerosis.
Arbonés-Mainar
José M
JM
Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet, 177, E-50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
Navarro
María A
MA
Carnicer
Ricardo
R
Guillén
Natalia
N
Surra
Joaquín C
JC
Acín
Sergio
S
Guzmán
Mario A
MA
Sarría
Alfonso J
AJ
Arnal
Carmen
C
Aguilera
María-Paz
MP
Jiménez
Antonio
A
Beltrán
Gabriel
G
Uceda
Marino
M
Osada
Jesús
J
D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000473:pathology; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004036:Diet, Atherogenic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D000069463:Olive Oil; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; C022205:apolipoprotein A-IV; D000073878:Palm Oil; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase