title: Initiation of maintenance antiinflammatory medication in asthmatic children in a pediatric emergency department.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite National Asthma Education and Prevention Program guidelines recommending the use of daily controller medication in patients with persistent asthma, less than half of children requiring emergency department treatment for asthma exacerbations are receiving antiinflammatory therapy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate a pediatric emergency department-based intervention designed to affect the prescribing practices of primary care physicians to better comply with national asthma guidelines. The intervention involved initiating maintenance antiinflammatory therapy in children with an asthma exacerbation who met guidelines for persistent disease but were not on antiinflammatory medications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Guardians of children 2 to 18 years of age presenting to the pediatric emergency department with an asthma exacerbation were asked to complete an asthma survey. Patients were classified into severity categories. Those with persistent disease not on antiinflammatory medications were given a 2-week supply of medication and were instructed to follow-up with their primary care physicians to obtain a prescription for the antiinflammatory medication. Patient adherence information was obtained through telephone calls, pharmacy claims data, and physician office records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-seven of 142 patients met criteria and were enrolled in the intervention. Seven patients were lost to follow-up. Of the remaining 40 patients, 28 followed-up with their primary care physician. Of these patients, 75% were continued on an antiinflammatory medication. Primary care physicians were significantly more likely to continue an antiinflammatory prescription in patients with severe persistent asthma (88.9% vs 68.4% of mild- or moderate-persistent asthmatics). Of the 28 patients who followed-up with their primary care physician, 13 had a prescription written, dispensed, and reported using the medication at the time of follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pediatric emergency department physicians can successfully partner with primary care physicians to implement national guidelines for children requiring maintenance antiinflammatory asthma therapy. Patient nonadherence continues to be a significant barrier for asthma management.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Women and Children's Hospital of Buffalo, 219 Bryant St, Buffalo, NY 14222, USA. hkm@buffalo.edu
authors.forename: Heather K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lehman
authors.forename: Kathleen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Lillis
authors.forename: Steven H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Shaha
authors.forename: Marilyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Augustine
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ballow
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents