title: Genetic identity of YOY bluefin tuna from the eastern and western Atlantic spawning areas.
abstract: We used 320 young-of-the-year (YOY) specimens of the highly migratory and overfished Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus, Linnaeus 1758, to evaluate the hypothesis that Atlantic bluefin tuna comprises 2 stocks with spawning grounds in the Gulf of Mexico and in the Mediterranean Sea. Significant genetic differentiation at 8 nuclear microsatellite loci (F(ST) = 0.0059, P = 0.0005) and at the mitochondrial control region (Phi(ST) = 0.0129, P = 0.0139) was detected among YOY Atlantic bluefin tuna captured on spawning grounds in the Gulf of Mexico (n = 40) versus the western (n = 255) and eastern (n = 25) basins of the Mediterranean Sea. The genetic divergence among spawning populations, combined with the extensive trans-Atlantic movements reported for juvenile and adult Atlantic bluefin tuna, indicates a high degree of spawning site fidelity. Recognition of genetically distinct populations necessitates independent management of Atlantic bluefin tuna on spawning grounds and warrants evaluation of the level of mixing of populations on feeding grounds. The genetic pattern might not have been detected unless juvenile specimens or actively spawning adults had been sampled.
authors.affiliation: School of Marine Science, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, PO Box 1346, Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062-1346, USA. jc@vims.edu
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.forename: Jan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: McDowell
authors.forename: Jeanette E L
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Graves
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000032:analysis; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D008522:Mediterranean Sea; D008800:Mexico; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D012098:Reproduction / Q000235:genetics*; D014413:Tuna / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial