HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma: pathogenic mechanisms.
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a multicentric angioproliferative disorder characterized by spindle cell proliferation, neo-angiogenesis, inflammation, and edema. Human herpesvirus (HHV)-8, a gamma-herpesvirus, is a critical factor, but is not alone sufficient for the initiation of KS. Other cofactors such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), host-derived cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors are required for the development of KS. Whether HIV-associated KS is a reactive hyperplastic inflammatory lesion or a true neoplasm is still controversial. It is likely that HIV-associated KS begins as a reactive disorder that in some cases progresses to a monoclonal, an oligoclonal, and a polyclonal neoplasm.
Feller
Liviu
L
Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Limpopo, Medunsa, South Africa
Wood
Neil H
NH
Lemmer
Johan
J
D000818:Animals; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D018925:Chemokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000821:virology; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000502:physiology; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*
D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; C115448:G protein-coupled receptor, Human herpesvirus 8; D006133:Growth Substances; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine