Mirror glasses for minimally invasive surgery.
BACKGROUND
The operator performing minimally invasive surgery is prevented from seeing the whole field with both eyes by the restricted small thoracotomy incision. To overcome this problem, we developed mirror glasses.


METHODS
Use of these glasses was evaluated in terms of the time required for threading of sutures with endoscopic forceps. Three surgeon ligated thread a suture five times with and without use of the glasses in the box, and the mean time was calculated for each surgeon.


RESULTS
The time required for ligation (mean +/- SD) was 24.2 +/- 2.9 s with mirror glasses and 27.0 +/- 2.5 s without the glasses (p = 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
The mirror glasses may be found useful for fine manipulation for minimally invasive surgery.
Ishikawa
Norihiko
N
Center for Robotics and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA. nori-i@mnx.jp
Sun
You Su
YS
Nifong
L Wiley
LW
Oda
Makoto
M
Ohta
Yasuhiko
Y
Watanabe
Go
G
Chitwood
W Randolph
WR
D004867:Equipment Design; D004869:Equipment Safety; D005139:Eyeglasses; D006801:Humans; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009873:Operating Rooms; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000379:methods*; D014785:Vision, Ocular