title: Reconstruction of bladder and urethra using ileocecal segment and appendix in patients with exstrophy-epispadias complex: the first report of a new surgical approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to describe our experience in administering an innovative surgical technique to treat pediatric cases of exstrophy-epispadias complex.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1995 and 2004, seven consecutive patients (six males) with exstrophy-epispadias complex were treated using ileocecal segment for bladder augmentation and appendix for urethral reconstruction. In a single-stage operation, the exstrophied bladder was dissected- and a segment of cecum, ascending colon, terminal ileum, and the corresponding appendix were isolated. Using the opened colon to augment the bladder, the ileal segment was fashioned to skin as temporary stoma, and the appendix was laid in the urethral lumen as the neourethra following urethral demucosation. This technique was used as a secondary surgery in one case and as a primary surgery in six neonates. Evaluation of the urinary tract status was performed by cystograms and ultrasonograms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Renal function was saved in all cases and continence was achieved by clean intermittent catheterization every two hours either via the neourethra (n = 6) or through the temporary stoma (n = 1). The patients did not experience any metabolic complications in their follow-ups. Moreover, no one had vesicourethral reflux, dehiscence, or fistula.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The technique was deemed safe with acceptable outcomes even when secondary repair of previously failed operation was intended. Experiencing the technique in larger cohorts as well as longer follow-ups might be necessary to assess probable long-term complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ekbatan Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Amirzargar
authors.forename: Mahnaz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yavangi
authors.forename: Manouchehr
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghorbanpour
authors.forename: Seyed Mohammadmehdi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hosseini Moghaddam
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahnavardi
authors.forename: Nasibeh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Amirzargar
mesh_terms: D001065:Appendix / Q000637:transplantation*; D001746:Bladder Exstrophy / Q000601:surgery*; D002432:Cecum / Q000637:transplantation; D002648:Child; D003106:Colon / Q000637:transplantation; D004842:Epispadias / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000637:transplantation; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000637:transplantation*; D008297:Male; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D014521:Urethra; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*