title: Acetaminophen is highly effective in pain treatment after endoscopic sinus surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is increasingly performed by otorhinolaryngologists. However, the early recovery and pain management after ESS is still largely unexplored. In the present study, we have evaluated the incidence and severity of pain and the efficacy and safety of acetaminophen (paracetamol) for pain management in patients undergoing ESS.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors conducted a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-four patients with ESS were randomized to receive either 1 g intravenous acetaminophen (Perfalgan) (n = 36) or 0.9% normal saline as a placebo (n = 38) after ESS was performed under local anesthesia. No other analgesic medication was permitted during the study. Need for rescue analgesic during the first 4 hours after surgery as well as all adverse events were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most patients, 27 of 38 (71%), in the placebo group needed rescue analgesics but significantly fewer patients in the acetaminophen group required rescue analgesia, i.e., only nine of 36 (25%) patients needed oxycodone. The worst pain after surgery was also more severe in the placebo group than that in the acetaminophen group. There was no significant difference between groups in the incidence of adverse events. The most common adverse events were vomiting, nausea, and headache.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ESS is associated with significant postoperative pain. Acetaminophen provides adequate pain relief in most patients who have undergone ESS. However, the analgesic efficacy of acetaminophen alone is insufficient in some patients, and hence all patients with ESS must be followed closely to identify those patients in need of more efficient analgesia during the early phase of recovery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. tatu.kemppainen@kuh.fi
authors.forename: Tatu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kemppainen
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kokki
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tuomilehto
authors.forename: Juha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seppä
authors.forename: Juhani
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nuutinen
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015523:Maxillary Sinusitis / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000082:Acetaminophen