Effect of genotype on success of lifestyle intervention in subjects at risk for type 2 diabetes.
Lifestyle intervention programs including increased physical activity and healthy nutrition have been proven to delay the onset of type 2 diabetes. This is achieved mainly by reducing body weight and improving insulin sensitivity. However, response to lifestyle or dietary interventions does differ between individuals, and the genetic or environmental factors that may account for these differences are not yet precisely characterized. Identification of these factors would be desirable in order to provide an individually tailored preventive strategy for patients at risk of developing diabetes. This review summarizes the so far known genetic variations, which determine responders and nonresponders to a lifestyle intervention. In addition, general methodological approaches to study gene-lifestyle interactions are described.
Weyrich
Peter
P
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetology, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Angiology and Clinical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Stefan
Norbert
N
Häring
Hans-Ulrich
HU
Laakso
Markku
M
Fritsche
Andreas
A
D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D015444:Exercise; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000502:physiology*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style