title: Verbal fluency in HIV infection: a meta-analytic review.
abstract: Given the largely prefrontostriatal neuropathogenesis of HIV-associated neurobehavioral deficits, it is often presumed that HIV infection leads to greater impairment on letter versus category fluency. A meta-analysis of the HIV verbal fluency literature was conducted (k = 37, n = 7110) to assess this hypothesis and revealed generally small effect sizes for both letter and category fluency, which increased in magnitude with advancing HIV disease severity. Across all studies, the mean effect size of category fluency was slightly larger than that of letter fluency. However, the discrepancy between category and letter fluency dissipated in a more conservative analysis of only those studies that included both tests. Thus, HIV-associated impairments in letter and category fluency are of similar magnitude, suggesting that mild word generation deficits are evident in HIV, regardless of whether traditional letter or semantic cues are used to guide the word search and retrieval process.
authors.affiliation: Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Iudicello
authors.forename: Steven Paul
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: Thomas D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Moran
authors.forename: Catherine L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grant
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology; D000328:Adult; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014825:Vocabulary