title: Dopamine transporter (DAT) genotype (VNTR) and phenotype in extrapyramidal symptoms induced by antipsychotics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Impaired dopamine transporter (DAT) function may be involved in antipsychotic (AP)-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). A polymorphism involving a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) has been described in the DAT gene (SLC6A3).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We studied whether the SLC6A3 VNTR polymorphism is a risk or protection factor for AP-induced EPS. We also investigated the relationship between the polymorphism and DAT availability in the schizophrenic patient's brain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-one patients receiving AP therapy participated in the EPS study. Of these, thirty-two cases presented EPS (Simpson-Angus >3) and twenty-nine without EPS (Simpson-Angus < or =3). The DAT expression was studied in fifteen AP-naive patients by [(123)I] FP-CIT SPECT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were observed for the more common alleles ((*)9R and (*)10R) or for genotype frequencies between patients with EPS and those without EPS. The frequency of the (*)9R and (*)10R alleles was similar to that described in other European populations. There were no significant differences in striatal DAT binding among the three major VNTR genotype groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the VNTR polymorphism did not influence AP-induced EPS and did not affect DAT gene expression or protein function.
authors.affiliation: Dep. Farmacología y Química Terapéutica, Universidad de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Casanova 143, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain. amalialafuente@ub.edu
authors.forename: Amalia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lafuente
authors.forename: Miquel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bernardo
authors.forename: Sergi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mas
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crescenti
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aparici
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gassó
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Catalan
authors.forename: Jose J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mateos
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lomeña
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Parellada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins