title: CpG oligonucleotides improve the protective immune response induced by the licensed anthrax vaccine.
abstract: Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated CpG motifs act as immune adjuvants, improving the response elicited by a coadministered vaccine. Combining CpG ODN with anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA, the licensed human vaccine) increases the speed, magnitude, and avidity of the resultant antibody response. IgG Abs against anthrax protective antigen (PA) protect mice, guinuea pigs, and rhesus macaques from infection.
authors.affiliation: Section of Retroviral Immunology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. Klinman@CBER.FDA.GOV
authors.forename: Dennis M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Klinman
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Bruce E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Ivins
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D022122:Anthrax Vaccines; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018899:CpG Islands; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D051379:Mice; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D022122:Anthrax Vaccines; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; C030325:anthrax toxin