title: Identification of differentially expressed genes involved in the formation of multicellular tumor spheroids by HT-29 colon carcinoma cells.
abstract: The multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) model represents a suitable in vitro model recreating in vivo tumor formation. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes that could potentially serve as predictive gene markers for MCTS and be involved in the formation of MCTS. Using the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method, we identified ERBB2/HER2-interacting protein (Erbin), Tumor rejection gp96 (Tr-gp96), 12S ribosomal RNA (12S rRNA), ATP synthase, Kruppel-like transcription factor 5 (KLF5), transcription factor-like 5 (TCFL5), and the dual-specificity phosphatase 11 (DUSP11) to be overexpressed in 3-day-old HT-29 colon carcinoma MCTSs compared to HT-29 colon carcinoma cells grown in monolayer. We could also confirm overexpression of these genes in HT-29 MCTSs and in MCTSs formed by the human glioblastoma tumor cell lines U343 MG, U373 MG, and DBTRG 05 MG. Knockdown of KLF5, Erbin, DUSP11, and TCFL5 was effectively achieved after transfection of HT-29 cells with the appropriate short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and correlated with a significant inhibition of MCTS formation in the case of KLF5, Erbin, and TCFL5 siRNAs. We suggest that KLF5, Erbin, and TCFL5 are essential for MCTS formation and play a key role in the development of tumor diseases.
authors.affiliation: Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Neurophysiology, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Kleomenis
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dardousis
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Voolstra
authors.forename: Monic
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roengvoraphoj
authors.forename: Asieb
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sekandarzad
authors.forename: Senait
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mesghenna
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.forename: Yon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hescheler
authors.forename: Agapios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sachinidis
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C413364:ERBIN protein, human; C492214:KLF5 protein, human; C115162:TCFL5 protein, human