title: [Stroke: causes and classification].
abstract: Cerebrovascular disease is caused by ischaemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoidal haemorrhage or cerebral vein and sinus thrombosis. Approximately 80% of all cerebrovascular accidents are caused by ischaemic stroke, whereas 20% are due to primary haemorrhage. This article summarizes the typical causes of each of the four main groups of cerebrovascular disease and points out clinical differences. Special attention is given to transitory ischemic attacks since new reports underline the necessity of early diagnostic and therapeutic intervention. Useful diagnostic and clinical scales are presented and discussed.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein (UK-SH) Campus Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 10, 24105 Kiel. c.eschenfelder@neurologie.uni-kiel.de
authors.forename: Ch C
authors.initials: ChC
authors.lastname: Eschenfelder
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Zeller
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stingele
mesh_terms: D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D020766:Intracranial Embolism / Q000453:epidemiology; D020521:Stroke / Q000145:classification* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology