title: Sensitivity comparison of multiple vs. single inversion time pulsed arterial spin labeling fMRI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the sensitivity for detection of activation for multiple vs. single inversion time (TI) pulsed arterial spin labeling (PASL).
  
  
  METHODS
  The number of activated voxels and the mean t-statistic over activated voxels was measured by means of multiple and single TI PASL sequences in five volunteers during visual stimulation by means of an alternating checkerboard. Acquisition was performed by means of the transfer insensitive labeling technique (TILT) and TURBO-TILT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that the sensitivity for the detection of activation was lower for an individual TI out of a multiple TI sequence than for the corresponding single TI acquisition of equal duration. After averaging over all TIs between and including 600 and 1400 msec, the number of activated voxels and mean t-statistic were no longer statistically lower for the multiple TI sequence than for the single TI experiment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multiple TI PASL can be used for functional MRI (fMRI) studies, when performing the detection of activated brain regions on data that is averaged over all TIs between 600 and 1400 msec. Subsequently the multi-TI data can be used to quantify cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes upon activation. Additionally, we have shown that single TI PASL fMRI overestimates the CBF changes upon activation due to transit time changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. M.J.P.van_Osch@lumc.nl
authors.forename: Matthias J P
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: van Osch
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hendrikse
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van der Grond
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D013113:Spin Labels