title: Gender and inter-species influence on coagulation tests of rats and mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rats and mice have been used to evaluate effects of natural and synthetic oestrogens. However, data about oestrogen's effects on haemostasis in rodents is very limited. The aim of this work was to standardize blood coagulation screening tests in adult male, female, and ovariectomized (Ovx) Wistar rats and CD1 mice in an effort to evaluate the influence of gender and species differences on haemostasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Values were obtained for the following haemostatic parameters: prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin clotting time (TT), and fibrinogen (FIB), through modifications of the conventional techniques used for human blood coagulation analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both rats and mice showed gender intra-species and inter-species differences of high significance in PT, aPTT, TT, and FIB values. Intra-species differences were found in TT (+10% p<0.01) and FIB concentration (-21% p<0.001) between male and Ovx rats. Male vs. Ovx mice showed a TT difference of -20% (p<0.001). The main inter-species differences found were PT values of male rats vs. male mice (-39%) and female rats vs. female mice (-35%, both p<0.001). Female rats and mice aPTT values vs. those corresponding to Ovx animals showed differences of +15% and +32% (p<0.001), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data reveal the great importance of gender intra- and inter-species differences on the values of haemostatic screening tests, which should be taken into consideration when evaluating the effects of oestrogens and other drugs on the coagulation system.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Apartado Postal 70-297, CP 04510, D F, Mexico. clemini@servidor.unam.mx
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lemini
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jaimez
authors.forename: Yanira
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Franco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012737:Sex Factors; D013045:Species Specificity; D013918:Thrombin Time
chemical_list: D005340:Fibrinogen