Statistical hemodynamics: a tool for evaluating the effect of fluid dynamic forces on vascular biology in vivo.
BACKGROUND
In vivo experimentation is the most realistic approach for exploring the vascular biological response to the hemodynamic stresses that are present in life. Post-mortem vascular casting has been used to define the in vivo geometry for hemodynamic simulation; however, this procedure damages or destroys the tissue and cells on which biological assays are to be performed.


METHODS
Two statistical approaches, regional (RSH) and linear (LSH) statistical hemodynamics, are proposed and illustrated, in which flow simulations from one series of experiments are used to define a best estimate of the hemodynamic environment in a second series. As an illustration of the technique, RSH is used to compare the gene expression profiles of regions of the proximal external iliac arteries of swine exposed to different levels of time-average shear stress.


RESULTS
The results indicate that higher shears promote a more atheroprotective expression phenotype in porcine arterial endothelium.


CONCLUSIONS
Statistical hemodynamics provides a realistic estimate of the hemodynamic stress on vascular tissue that can be correlated against biological response.
Friedman
Morton H
MH
Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Box 90281, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Himburg
Heather A
HA
LaMack
Jeffrey A
JA
D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003198:Computer Simulation; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D018056:Hemorheology / Q000379:methods*; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular / Q000502:physiology*; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D015233:Models, Statistical; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013552:Swine; D014018:Tissue Distribution
D001798:Blood Proteins