Carbon disulfide encephalopathy: cerebral microangiopathy.
To understand cerebral blood circulation after long-term exposure to carbon disulfide (CS2), four patients with encephalopathy and polyneuropathy, who had worked in a viscose rayon plant, were studied. Clinical and laboratory examinations, including brain magnetic resonance images (MRI), computed tomography (CT), CT perfusion, and CT angiography, were carried out. Brain CT and MRI disclosed mild cortical atrophy in all four patients, and multiple lesions in the subcortical white matter, and basal ganglia in three patients. Brain CT angiography and perfusion revealed a statistically significant decrease of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the total brain parenchyma and basal ganglia, and a decrease of the cerebral blood volume (CBV) in the basal ganglia and a prolonged mean transit time (MTT) in the total brain parenchyma, and the territories of the internal carotid artery (ICA), basal ganglia and occipital lobe. In conclusion, the decrease of CBV and CBF, and the prolonged MTT in the total brain parenchyma, ICA, basal ganglia and occipital lobes, indicated a microangiopathy in patients with CS2 encephalopathy.
Chuang
Wen-Li
WL
Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Huang
Chin-Chang
CC
Chen
Chi-Jen
CJ
Hsieh
Yu-Chen
YC
Kuo
Hung-Chou
HC
Shih
Tung-Sheng
TS
D001284:Atrophy; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002246:Carbon Disulfide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002482:Cellulose; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011115:Polyneuropathies / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012997:Solvents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013783:Textile Industry; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D012997:Solvents; D002482:Cellulose; C012024:rayon, purified; D002246:Carbon Disulfide