title: Pre-emptive ring-block with bupivacaine prevents the development of thermal hyperalgesia, but not sustained mechanical hyperalgesia, in rat tails exposed to ultraviolet A light.
abstract: We investigated the role of the C-fiber barrage in the development of hyperalgesia in rat tails exposed to ultraviolet A (UVA)-light exposure by pre-emptively blocking C-fiber activation with the local anesthetic bupivacaine. Thirty minutes before UVA-light exposure, male Sprague-Dawley rats were given subcutaneous injections, in the base of the tail, of either saline or bupivacaine (1 mL of .5%). Thermal hyperalgesia was assessed daily from day 1 to day 10 after UVA-light exposure by measuring response latency to noxious heat (tail immersion in 49 degrees C water). Injection of bupivacaine completely prevented the development of thermal hyperalgesia (P < .05, main effect of group, 2-way analysis of variance). Primary mechanical hyperalgesia was assessed daily from day 1 to day 14 after UVA-light exposure by measuring aversive behavior responses to a punctate pressure applied to the tail with a von Frey anesthesiometer. The rats given bupivacaine developed hyperalgesia to the mechanical challenge that persisted for 14 days (P < .05, main effect of time, 2-way analysis of variance) and was identical to the hyperalgesia developed by the rats given saline. We concluded that the C-fiber barrage is involved in the development of thermal hyperalgesia but not sustained primary mechanical hyperalgesia, induced by exposing rats' tails to UVA light.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  UVA-light exposure of the rat tail causes prolonged hyperalgesia to noxious thermal and mechanical challenges. We have demonstrated that the C-fiber barrage is involved in the development of sustained thermal hyperalgesia, but not mechanical hyperalgesia, caused by exposure of the rat tail to UVA light.
authors.affiliation: Brain Function Research Unit, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. andrea_them@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Themistocleous
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kamerman
authors.forename: Duncan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002045:Bupivacaine; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D036421:Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D013623:Tail / Q000294:innervation* / Q000528:radiation effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D002045:Bupivacaine