title: Long-term results of surgical management of pulmonary metastases from renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has a poor prognosis and conventional treatments such as chemoradiotherapy show little efficacy. Surgical resection of pulmonary metastases from RCC is a widely accepted treatment, even if selection criteria based on prognostic factors have still not been defined. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term survival, clinical outcome and prognostic factors after surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1988 and 2004, 59 patients underwent resection of pulmonary metastases from RCC. Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognostic factors was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete resection was achieved in 54 (91.5 %) patients. No intra- or postoperative mortality occurred, 5 (8.5 %) patients experienced postoperative complications. Overall, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 86.5 %, 63 % and 53 %, respectively. Age at the time of pulmonary resection was found to be the only independent factor influencing prognosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pulmonary resection of metastases from RCC is a safe and effective treatment associated with a low morbidity and mortality and with high long-term survival. The lack of other effective therapies suggests use of the surgical approach whenever possible.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marulli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sartori
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Bassi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: dal Moro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gino Favaretto
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rea
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011379:Prognosis; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D013908:Thoracotomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome