title: Serological differentiation of FIV-infected cats from dual-subtype feline immunodeficiency virus vaccine (Fel-O-Vax FIV) inoculated cats.
abstract: Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) vaccine, Fel-O-Vax FIV, was released for sale in the US in 2002. The antibodies of vaccinated cats interfere with serological assays by currently available FIV diagnostic kits. In this study, we investigated whether it is possible to distinguish serologically cats vaccinated with Fel-O-Vax FIV from cats experimentally or naturally infected with FIV. A total of 153 sera taken from 97 cats were used as serum samples. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed using whole FIV antigen and formalin treated whole FIV antigen, recombinant-gag (r-gag) antigen, and transmembrane (TM) peptide. Statistical analysis was performed using ELISA optical density (O.D.) values obtained with each antigen as variables. Except for the ELISA O.D. values obtained with r-gag antigen, a significant difference in ELISA O.D. values was observed between the vaccinated and the infected groups. However, it was not possible to distinguish both groups unequivocally. Using discriminant analysis, it was possible to distinguish the two groups with an accuracy of 97.1% with two discriminating variables (ELISA O.D. values obtained with formalin treated whole FIV antigen, and TM peptide), 97.8% with three discriminating variables (ELISA O.D. values obtained with whole FIV antigen, formalin treated whole FIV antigen, and TM peptide). Therefore, it was considered possible to distinguish cats vaccinated with Fel-O-Vax FIV from FIV-infected cats by ELISA using two types of antigens including formalin treated whole FIV antigen and TM peptide, or three types of antigens including formalin treated whole FIV antigen, TM peptide and whole FIV antigen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Infectious Disease, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kusuhara
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hohdatsu
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seta
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nemoto
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Motokawa
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gemma
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Chengjin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Setsuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood* / Q000145:classification; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D002415:Cats; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D016089:Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / Q000276:immunology*; D016180:Lentivirus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines