title: T-cell regulation: with complements from innate immunity.
abstract: The complement system was traditionally known as an effector arm of humoral immunity. Today we also recognize it as a main element of the innate immune system. In blood and other body fluids complement is a first line of defence against pathogens, because it becomes fully active within seconds. Active complement fragments attach to the invading pathogen to promote opsonization and lysis, triggering a local inflammatory response. This Review focuses on the evolving role of the complement system in the regulation of T-cell responses, from directing the initiation phase, through driving lineage commitment, to regulating the contraction phase.
authors.affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Campus Box 8045, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kemper
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Atkinson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003167:Complement Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D003165:Complement System Proteins