title: The PTB microbeam: a versatile instrument for radiobiological research.
abstract: The PTB microbeam is routinely used for the irradiation of living cells using protons (1-20 MeV) and alpha particles (1-28 MeV). The beam diameter is approximately 2 microm (fwhm), achieved by focussing, resulting in an excellent energy resolution and practically no scattered particles. Recently, an electrostatic beam scanner was added to the facility which allows targeting of each cell within 1 ms. This and other improvements led to an increase in the experimental speed of the system to a maximum of 50,000 cells per hour including all experimental steps. To improve the versatility of the facility further, a module for automatic quantification of immunocytochemical staining was implemented. This allows the analysis of protein activation, taking into account the positional information of the irradiation run.
authors.affiliation: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany. ulrich.giesen@ptb.de
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Greif
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Beverung
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Langner
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Frankenberg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gellhaus
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Banaz-Yasar
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D002468:Cell Physiological Phenomena / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005858:Germany; D020450:Heavy Ions; D008904:Miniaturization; D010315:Particle Accelerators / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011853:Radiobiology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011874:Radiometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D055672:Static Electricity; D013673:Technology Assessment, Biomedical