title: Adduction laryngeal dystonia: proposal and evaluation of nasofibroscopy.
abstract: Dystonias are organic central motor processing disorders characterized by involuntary muscular contractions or incontrollable spasms induced by task-specific movements. Adduction laryngeal dystonias present with important speech impairments, with inappropriate spasms and abrupt voice breaks. The diagnosis is based on clinical features, evaluation by a speech therapist and transnasal fiber optic laryngoscopy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective is to propose and evaluate a task-oriented transnasal fiber optic laryngoscopy protocol, which shows the spasms, and propose maneuvers that reduce or make them disappear, in order to facilitate the diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  transversal study. Analysis of the transnasal fiber optic laryngoscopy records of 15 patients with adductor laryngeal dystonia using the proposed protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  most of the speech and non-vocal tasks allowed us to identify the spasms and reduce or make them disappear. We propose the exclusion of two of the maneuvers that dont bring new data to the evaluation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the protocol was useful for the evaluation of the patients, showing changes in muscle behavior in the structure under investigation.
authors.affiliation: Speech and Hearing School, Pontíficia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Noemi Grigoletto
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: De Biase
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lorenzon
authors.forename: Mariana Dantas Aumond
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Lebl
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Padovani
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gielow
authors.forename: Glaucya
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Madazio
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moraes
mesh_terms: D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D014743:Videotape Recording; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology