title: Burden of community-onset bloodstream infection: a population-based assessment.
abstract: Although community-onset bloodstream infection (BSI) is recognized to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality, there is a paucity of population-based studies defining its overall burden. We conducted population-based laboratory surveillance for all community-onset BSI in the Calgary Health Region during 2000-2004. A total of 4467 episodes of community-onset BSI were identified for an overall annual incidence of 81.6/100,000. The three species, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae were responsible for the majority of community-onset BSI; they occurred at annual rates of 25.8, 13.5, and 10.1/100,000, respectively. Overall 3445/4467 (77%) episodes resulted in hospital admission representing 0.7% of all admissions to major acute care hospitals. The subsequent hospital length of stay was a median of 9 (interquartile range, 5-15) days; the total days of acute hospitalization attributable to community-onset BSI was 51,146 days or 934 days/100,000 annually. Four hundred and sixty patients died in hospital for a case-fatality rate of 13%. Community-onset BSI is common and has a major patient and societal impact. These data support further efforts to reduce the burden of community-onset BSI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, and Calgary Health Region, Alberta, Canada. kevin.laupland@calgaryhealthregion.ca
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Laupland
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Gregson
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Flemons
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Church
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000416:Alberta / Q000453:epidemiology; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology