title: Cholelithiasis and thrombosis of the central retinal vein in a renal transplant recipient treated with cyclosporin.
abstract: The use of cyclosporin has been associated with the development of cholelithiasis in transplant recipients. Cholelithiasis in turn enhances the effects of cyclosporin on increased platelet aggregation. In this report, a patient who had undergone a renal transplantation as a result of malignant hypertension, and who was on immunosuppressive therapy consisting of cyclosporin, prednisone and azathioprine, developed thrombosis of the central retinal vein 5 years following the transplantation. Seven years after the transplantation, cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, cholangitis and subsequently secondary chronic biliary sclerosis were detected. Latero-lateral anastomosis between the common bile duct and duodenum was performed during explorative laparotomy and ursodeoxycholic acid treatment was introduced. The possible inter-relationship of the cholestatis, central retinal vein thrombosis and immunosuppression are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Clinical Hospital Center Rebro, Zagreb, Croatia. psimic@mef.hr
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Simic
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gasparovic
authors.forename: Mate
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skegro
authors.forename: Ranka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stern-Padovan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D012169:Retinal Vein / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods; D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid; D016572:Cyclosporine