title: Sulfur amino acid metabolism in children with severe childhood undernutrition: methionine kinetics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Children with edematous but not nonedematous severe childhood undernutrition (SCU) have lower plasma and erythrocyte-free concentrations of cysteine and methionine, which suggests a decreased availability of methionine for cysteine synthesis. We propose that methionine production and metabolism will be slower in children with edematous SCU than in those with nonedematous SCU.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to measure methionine flux, its transmethylation and its transsulfuration, and homocysteine remethylation in children with SCU.
  
  
  METHODS
  Methionine kinetics were measured in 2 groups of children with edematous (n = 11) and nonedematous (n = 11) SCU when they were infected and malnourished (clinical phase 1), when they were still severely malnourished but no longer infected (clinical phase 2), and when they had recovered (clinical phase 3).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At clinical phase 1, children with edematous SCU had rates of total methionine flux, flux from protein breakdown, and flux to protein synthesis that were slower than the rates of the nonedematous group. There were no significant differences in homocysteine remethylation or methionine transsulfuration and transmethylation between the groups at clinical phase 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that, in the acutely malnourished and infected state, children with edematous SCU have slower methionine production than do children with nonedematous SCU because of a slower rate of release from protein breakdown. This slower methionine production is not, however, associated with slower rates of methionine transsulfuration and transmethylation or homocysteine remethylation.
authors.affiliation: US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-2600, USA. fjahoor@bcm.tmc.edu
authors.forename: Farook
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jahoor
authors.forename: Asha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Badaloo
authors.forename: Marvin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: Terrence
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Forrester
mesh_terms: D000603:Amino Acids, Sulfur / Q000378:metabolism; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004487:Edema / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007228:Infant Nutrition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D007732:Kwashiorkor / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008715:Methionine / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008745:Methylation; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011502:Protein-Energy Malnutrition / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000603:Amino Acids, Sulfur; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D011506:Proteins; D006710:Homocysteine; D008715:Methionine; D005978:Glutathione