title: Peri-implant tissue is an important niche for Staphylococcus epidermidis in experimental biomaterial-associated infection in mice.
abstract: Biomaterial-associated infections (BAI), which are predominantly caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis, are a significant problem in modern medicine. Biofilm formation is considered the pivotal element in the pathogenesis, but in previous mouse studies we retrieved S. epidermidis from peri-implant tissue. To assess the kinetics and generality of tissue colonization, we investigated BAI using two S. epidermidis strains, two biomaterials, and two mouse strains. With small inocula all implants were culture negative, whereas surrounding tissues were positive. When higher doses were used, tissues were culture positive more often than implants, with higher numbers of CFU. This was true for the different biomaterials tested, for both S. epidermidis strains, at different times, and for both mouse strains. S. epidermidis colocalized with host cells at a distance that was >10 cell layers from the biomaterial-tissue interface. We concluded that in mouse experimental BAI S. epidermidis peri-implant tissue colonization is more important than biofilm formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, CINIMA (Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam), Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 15, L1-116, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Corine A N
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Broekhuizen
authors.forename: Leonie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Boer
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schipper
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Quadir
authors.forename: Roger G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dankert
authors.forename: Christina M J E
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Vandenbroucke-Grauls
authors.forename: Jan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Weening
authors.forename: Sebastian A J
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Zaat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011205:Povidone; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000382:microbiology*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011205:Povidone