title: Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and extracts of Cordia curassavica (Boraginaceae).
abstract: In traditional Mexican medicine Cordia curassavica (Jacq) Roemer & Schultes is used to treat gastrointestinal, respiratory and dermatological disorders in Zapotitlán de las Salinas, Puebla (México). The aim of this work was to investigate antimicrobial activity of the essential oil, obtained by using Clevenger distillation apparatus, and hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts from aerial parts of Cordia curassavica. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against 13 bacteria and five fungal strains. The oil and extracts exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and five fungal strains. Sarcina lutea and Vibrio cholerae were the strains more sensitive to the essential oil effect (MIC=62 microg/mL) and Vibrio cholerae for the hexane extract (MIC=125 microg/mL). Rhyzoctonia solani was the strain more sensitive to the essential oil effect (IC(50)=180 microg/mL) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes for the hexane extract (IC(50)=230 microg/mL). The essential oil was examined by GC and GC-MS. A total 11 constituents representing 96.28% of the essential oil were identified: 4-methyl,4-ethenyl-3-(1-methyl ethenyl)-1-(1-methyl methanol)cyclohexane (37.34%), beta-eudesmol (19.21%), spathulenol (11.25%) and cadina 4(5), 10(14) diene (7.93%) were found to be the major components. The present study tends to confirm the use in the folk medicine of Cordia curassavica in gastrointestinal, respiratory and dermatological diseases.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edo de Mexico, Mexico. tzasna@servidor.unam.mx
authors.forename: Tzasna
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Canales
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Teran
authors.forename: Olivia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Avila
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duran
authors.forename: Ana Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Angeles-Lopez
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Araiza
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Avila
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D002725:Chloroform / Q000737:chemistry; D031213:Cordia; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006586:Hexanes / Q000737:chemistry; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D008800:Mexico; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D006586:Hexanes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; D012997:Solvents; D002725:Chloroform; D000432:Methanol