title: The antioxidative and immunostimulating properties of D-glucosamine.
abstract: The objective of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant activity and immunostimulating property of glucosamine (GlcN) using various in vitro and in vivo tests. Results showed that GlcN possessed excellent antioxidant activities as manifested by strong chelating effect on ferrous ions and protection of macromolecules such as protein, lipid, and deoxyribose from oxidative damage induced by hydroxyl radicals. The immunostimulating effects of GlcN were further evaluated through various immunological tests. GlcN showed excellent activity of enhancing splenocyte proliferation. Neutral red pinocytosis and NO production in mouse peritoneal macrophages were significantly augmented. Oral administration of GlcN to mice for 20 days significantly enhanced the serum antibody level in mice in response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC), increased the relative organ weight of spleen and thymus tissue, and promoted the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) against SRBC as compared with control group. In conclusion, the present investigation reveals GlcN is biologically functional in antioxidative activities and immunostimulating properties.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Laboratory, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wanshun
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baoqin
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Changhong
authors.forename: Fu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chenwei
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bing
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liehuan
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000276:immunology; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D010873:Pinocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D012756:Sheep; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000975:Antioxidants; D002614:Chelating Agents; D007501:Iron; D005944:Glucosamine