Crystallization of protein-ligand complexes.
Obtaining diffraction-quality crystals has long been a bottleneck in solving the three-dimensional structures of proteins. Often proteins may be stabilized when they are complexed with a substrate, nucleic acid, cofactor or small molecule. These ligands, on the other hand, have the potential to induce significant conformational changes to the protein and ab initio screening may be required to find a new crystal form. This paper presents an overview of strategies in the following areas for obtaining crystals of protein-ligand complexes: (i) co-expression of the protein with the ligands of interest, (ii) use of the ligands during protein purification, (iii) cocrystallization and (iv) soaks.
Hassell
Anne M
AM
Department of Computational, Analytical and Structural Sciences, Glaxo SmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. annie.m.hassell@gsk.com
An
Gang
G
Bledsoe
Randy K
RK
Bynum
Jane M
JM
Carter
H Luke
HL
Deng
Su-Jun J
SJ
Gampe
Robert T
RT
Grisard
Tamara E
TE
Madauss
Kevin P
KP
Nolte
Robert T
RT
Rocque
Warren J
WJ
Wang
Liping
L
Weaver
Kurt L
KL
Williams
Shawn P
SP
Wisely
G Bruce
GB
Xu
Robert
R
Shewchuk
Lisa M
LM
D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D003460:Crystallization; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009154:Mutation; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000737:chemistry; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000737:chemistry; D018161:Receptors, Mineralocorticoid / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D008081:Liposomes; D011506:Proteins; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D018161:Receptors, Mineralocorticoid