title: Pulmonary effects and biopersistence of deposited silicon carbide whisker after 1-year inhalation in rats.
abstract: Silicon carbide whisker (SiCW) is a durable asbestos substitute. To clarify the biopersistence, the changes of geometrical configurations of deposited whiskers, and potential carcinogenicity and fibrogenicity, 42 Wistar male rats were exposed to SiCW for 6 h/day, 5 days/wk for 1 yr by inhalation. The mass median aerodynamic diameter (geometric standard deviation, GSD), the geometric mean fiber diameter (GSD), and the geometric mean fiber length (GSD) were 2.4 microm (2.4), 0.5 microm (1.5) and 2.8 microm (2.3), respectively. The daily average exposure concentrations were 2.6 +/- 0.4 mg/m3 (98 +/- 19 fibers/ml) and the rats were sacrificed at 6 days and 3, 6, and 12 mo after the exposure. The SiCW amount deposited in each rat lung at 6 days after the exposure, determined by an x-ray diffraction method, was 5.3 +/- 1.4 mg. The biological half-time (BHT) was 16 mo calculated from the deposited SiCW at 6 days and 3, 6, and 12 mo. The BHT was more prolonged than normal physiological clearance. The diameter of SiCW in the lung at each sacrificed time during 12 mo of clearance after the inhalation did not change. However, as for the length of SiCW in the lung, longer SiCW tended to be retained in the lung as the clearance time increased, especially after 6 mo. The histopathological examination revealed bronchoalveolar hyperplasia (BAH) in 2 rats at 1 yr after the exposure and severe fibrotic changes around aggregated SiCW.
authors.affiliation: Occupational Health Care Office, Mishima Plant, Toray Industries, Inc., Shizuoka, Japan. Izumi_Akiyama@nts.toray.co.jp
authors.forename: Izumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogami
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oyabu
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamato
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Isamu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001980:Bronchi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D019016:Mineral Fibers / Q000633:toxicity; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010316:Particle Size; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017655:Silicon Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic; D019016:Mineral Fibers; D017655:Silicon Compounds; C022088:silicon carbide