title: Imaging of bladder cancer.
abstract: Bladder cancer is a heterogeneous and frequently multifocal disease with a variable clinical course. The management of bladder cancer is therefore challenging and complicated. CT and MR imaging have replaced the traditional excretory urography and are emerging as the imaging modalities of choice for work-up of patients who have bladder cancer. Imaging provides essential diagnostic information for detection, staging, and post-treatment follow-up of bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA. zhangj12@mskcc.org
authors.forename: Jingbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gerst
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lefkowitz
authors.forename: Ariadne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bach
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015653:Cystectomy; D003558:Cystoscopy; D003559:Cystostomy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011379:Prognosis; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D014567:Urography