title: [Current understanding of pathogenesis of Graves ophthalmopathy].
abstract: Graves ophthalmopathy most frequently develops in a patient suffering from Graves disease in which autoantibodies to a target antigen, thyrotropin receptor, activate the autoantigen leading to hyperthyroidism. It is well known that in Graves ophthalmopathy inflammatory cells infiltrate and hydrophobic glycosaminoglycan accumulates in the retro -occular tissues. However, in contrast to Graves disease, little has been known as to how this eye disease develops. Here we review recent advance in understanding of pathogenesis of Graves ophthalmopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eguchi
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D005347:Fibroblasts; D005420:Flavoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D049970:Graves Ophthalmopathy / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D018828:Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000276:immunology; D009915:Orbit / Q000166:cytology; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin / Q000276:immunology; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D013954:Thyroglobulin
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; D016207:Cytokines; D005136:Eye Proteins; C486626:FOXP1 protein, human; D005420:Flavoproteins; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C406963:G2s protein, human; D018828:Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C094372:thyrotropin-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin; D013954:Thyroglobulin; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1