title: Dietary protein, endurance exercise, and human skeletal-muscle protein turnover.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Whereas diet and exercise have been shown to influence whole-body protein utilization, little is known about the impact of these factors on skeletal-muscle protein turnover. We highlight the role of dietary protein in modulating skeletal-muscle protein turnover in response to endurance exercise. Effects of endurance exercise on skeletal-muscle protein metabolism are presented and the influence of habitual protein intake on exercise-related protein responses is discussed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Skeletal-muscle protein turnover increases in response to endurance exercise training and following a single endurance exercise bout. Nutritional supplementation postexercise favorably affects skeletal-muscle protein synthesis and demonstrates amino acid availability as pivotal to the skeletal-muscle synthetic response following exercise. The level of habitual protein intake influences postexercise skeletal-muscle protein turnover.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary protein and exercise are powerful stimuli affecting protein turnover. Since variation in habitual protein intake influences skeletal-muscle protein turnover postexercise, investigations are needed to determine what role protein intake has in regulating skeletal-muscle protein metabolism. Long-term, well controlled diet and exercise intervention studies are essential for clarification of the relation between protein intake, endurance exercise, and skeletal-muscle protein turnover. Studies designed to characterize this relationship should be attentive to habitual macronutrient and energy intakes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA. nancy.rodriguez@uconn.edu
authors.forename: Nancy R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Vislocky
authors.forename: P Courtney
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Gaine
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins