title: Psychosocial outcome in bipolar I patients with a personality disorder.
abstract: This study examined whether comorbid personality disorders and other clinical factors were predictive of functional morbidity in bipolar I disorder. Fifty-one participants with a diagnosis of bipolar I were assessed for personality disorders and administered measures of symptomatic and functional outcomes approximately 1 year after a psychiatric hospitalization. Forty-five percent of the sample met criteria for at least one personality disorder, and patients with a personality disorder reported higher levels of residual symptoms at the time of assessment. Two thirds of participants displayed compromised functional outcomes. The three outcome domains examined (i.e., occupational, residential, social/leisure) were related to a range of clinical characteristics, and for all three, either the presence of a personality disorder diagnosis or maladaptive trait scores was associated with impaired functioning. These relationships, however, were not independent of mood symptoms according to multivariate analysis. Residual depression predicted poorer residential and social/leisure outcomes independent of personality disorders or maladaptive traits.
authors.affiliation: Center for Neuropsychiatric Outcome and Rehabilitation Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System, Glen Oaks, New York 11004, USA. sloftus@lij.edu
authors.forename: Shay T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Loftus
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jaeger
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009790:Occupations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012917:Social Adjustment