title: The suppressive effect of Mekabu fucoidan on an attachment of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts to the intestinal epithelial cells in neonatal mice.
abstract: The present study was done to investigate the effects of fucoidan and de-sulfated fucoidan isolated from the sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida on the C. parvum adhesion to the cultured human intestinal cells and on the C. parvum infection in neonatal mice. The C. parvum adhesion to human Intestinal 407 cells was significantly suppressed by a low dose (1 micro g/ml) of Mekabu fucoidan (1 micro g/ml) (approx. 20.5 oocysts, p<0.0001), but not by de-sulfated fucoidan (approx. 138.2 oocysts), as compared with that (approx. 121.0 oocysts) of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The in vivo experiments presented here revealed that C. parvum oocysts in the fucoidan-treated mice was reduced nearly one fifth (approx. 5.4x10(4) oocysts, p<0.02) of the total number of oocysts (approx. 3.0x10(5)) in mice treated with PBS, but no significant effect of de-sulfated fucoidan was observed. These results show that (i) fucoidan effectively inhibits the growth of C. parvum in mice; and (ii) the ester sulfate of fucoidan is an active site to prevent the adhesion of C. parvum to the intestinal epithelial cells. Finally, we concluded that fucoidan might inhibit cryptosporidiosis through the direct binding of fucoidan to the C. parvum-derived functional mediators in the intestinal epithelial cells in neonatal mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Kitasato 1-15-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. maruyama@ahs.kitasato-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Matsuhisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasahara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001665:Binding Sites; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D033661:Oocysts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D044648:Undaria / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; C007789:fucoidan