title: Enhancement of the immunogenicity of synthetic carbohydrates by conjugation to virosomes: a leishmaniasis vaccine candidate.
abstract: Novel virosomal formulations of a synthetic oligosaccharide were prepared and evaluated as vaccine candidates against leishmaniasis. A lipophosphoglycan-related synthetic tetrasaccharide antigen was conjugated to a phospholipid and to the influenza virus coat protein hemagglutinin. These glycan conjugates were embedded into the lipid membrane of reconstituted influenza virus virosomes. The virosomal formulations elicited both IgM and IgG anti-glycan antibodies in mice, indicating an antibody isotype class switch to IgG. The antisera cross-reacted in vitro with the corresponding natural carbohydrate antigens expressed by leishmania cells. These findings support the concept of using virosomes as universal antigen delivery platform for synthetic carbohydrate vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Sibylle
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siegrist
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amacker
authors.forename: Rinaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zurbriggen
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pluschke
authors.forename: Peter H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Seeberger
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000276:immunology*; D015195:Drug Design; D006028:Glycosphingolipids / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000276:immunology*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000276:immunology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines; D022721:Vaccines, Virosome; D022701:Virosomes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D006028:Glycosphingolipids; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D011134:Polysaccharides; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines; D022721:Vaccines, Virosome; D022701:Virosomes; C008290:lipophosphonoglycan