title: Smoking cessation after diagnosis of lung cancer is associated with a beneficial effect on performance status.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the impact of smoking history and postdiagnosis smoking cessation on performance status (PS) and survival in patients with lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were referred to our pulmonary laboratory for evaluation for surgical resectability between January and November 2001 were reviewed. We investigated the association between smoking status after diagnosis and survival, as well as the change in PS from the initial status to status at 6 and 12 months after the diagnosis was established.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The records were reviewed for 206 patients, of whom 93 (45%) were current smokers, 15 (7%) were never-smokers, and 98 (48%) were former smokers. Among the 93 smokers, 46 quit and 47 continued smoking after the diagnosis. Disease stage, patient demographics, treatment modalities, and comorbidities were similar between these two groups. While there was no significant association between smoking status after diagnosis and patient survival, those who quit smoking maintained a better PS at 0 to 6 months (odds ratio [OR], 7.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.99 to 25.3; p = 0.002) and at 0 to 12 months (OR, 6.99; 95% CI, 1.76 to 27.7; p = 0.006) than those who continued smoking after the adjustment for disease stage, patient demographics, treatment modalities, and comorbidities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients who quit smoking after the diagnosis of NSCLC maintained a better PS at 6 and 12 months regardless of disease stage, age, race, sex, therapy types, and comorbidities than those who continued to smoke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Unit 403, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA. basersevin@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Sevin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baser
authors.forename: Vickie R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Shannon
authors.forename: Georgie A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Eapen
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onn
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Rodolfo C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Morice
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016019:Survival Analysis