An interdisciplinary expert consensus statement on assessment of pain in older persons.
This paper represents an expert-based consensus statement on pain assessment among older adults. It is intended to provide recommendations that will be useful for both researchers and clinicians. Contributors were identified based on literature prominence and with the aim of achieving a broad representation of disciplines. Recommendations are provided regarding the physical examination and the assessment of pain using self-report and observational methods (suitable for seniors with dementia). In addition, recommendations are provided regarding the assessment of the physical and emotional functioning of older adults experiencing pain. The literature underlying the consensus recommendations is reviewed. Multiple revisions led to final reviews of 2 complete drafts before consensus was reached.
Hadjistavropoulos
Thomas
T
Centre on Aging and Health, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada. hadjistt@uregina.ca
Herr
Keela
K
Turk
Dennis C
DC
Fine
Perry G
PG
Dworkin
Robert H
RH
Helme
Robert
R
Jackson
Kenneth
K
Parmelee
Patricia A
PA
Rudy
Thomas E
TE
Lynn Beattie
B
B
Chibnall
John T
JT
Craig
Kenneth D
KD
Ferrell
Betty
B
Ferrell
Bruce
B
Fillingim
Roger B
RB
Gagliese
Lucia
L
Gallagher
Romayne
R
Gibson
Stephen J
SJ
Harrison
Elizabeth L
EL
Katz
Benny
B
Keefe
Francis J
FJ
Lieber
Susan J
SJ
Lussier
David
D
Schmader
Kenneth E
KE
Tait
Raymond C
RC
Weiner
Debra K
DK
Williams
Jaime
J
D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006801:Humans; D008487:Medical History Taking; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011581:Psychological Tests; D012647:Self-Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity