title: Abnormal multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) in ethambutol toxicity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the abnormal multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) findings in two cases of presumed ethambutol toxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective observational case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two patients with ethambutol toxicity and visual loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multifocal electroretinography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Waveform measurements on multifocal electroretinography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two patients with bilateral visual loss due to ethambutol toxicity underwent mfERG testing that disclosed both diffuse and central field loss compatible with retinal dysfunction as a contributing mechanism to the visual field loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ethambutol toxicity affects not only the optic nerve but probably other retinal elements based upon abnormal mfERG findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Randy H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Kardon
authors.forename: Mary C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Morrisey
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004596:Electroretinography; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D014792:Visual Acuity; D058609:Visual Field Tests; D014794:Visual Fields
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D004977:Ethambutol