title: Atomoxetine treatment in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: what are the long-term health-related quality-of-life outcomes?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Numerous investigations have examined the efficacy of pharmacological treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. However, relatively few studies have addressed the impact of treatment on long-term subjective, psychosocial outcomes, such as health-related quality of life (HRQL). This study examines the long-term effects of pharmacological treatment with atomoxetine on HRQL in children and adolescents with ADHD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 6- to 17-year-old children and adolescents (n = 912) with ADHD enrolled in a 24-month, multicenter, open-label trial of atomoxetine. Outcomes included clinician ratings of ADHD, parent ratings of ADHD, and a widely used measure of HRQL (The Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ)). Treatment response rates were calculated based on a CHQ improvement of at least 1 standard error of measurement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant improvements in HRQL were found following both acute and long-term treatment for psychosocial but not physical health. Of participants who completed treatment (n = 312 or 34.2% of those enrolled), 81% responded to acute treatment and 78% responded to long-term treatment. Improvements noted after acute treatment were maintained during long-term treatment with the majority of participants (86%) continuing to respond to treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Atomoxetine is associated with improvements in HRQL, and the improvements are generally stable over time.
authors.affiliation: Outcomes Research, US Medical Division, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Amy R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Perwien
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kratochvil
authors.forename: Douglas E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Faries
authors.forename: Brigette S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Vaughan
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: Ronald T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069445:Atomoxetine Hydrochloride; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011437:Propylamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; D011437:Propylamines; D000069445:Atomoxetine Hydrochloride