title: The last 59 amino acids of Smoothened cytoplasmic tail directly bind the protein kinase Fused and negatively regulate the Hedgehog pathway.
abstract: The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway is crucial for the development of many organisms and its inappropriate activation is involved in numerous cancers. HH signal controls the traffic and activity of the seven-pass transmembrane protein Smoothened (SMO), leading to the transcriptional regulation of HH-responsive genes. In Drosophila, the intracellular transduction events following SMO activation depend on cytoplasmic multimeric complexes that include the Fused (FU) protein kinase. Here we show that the regulatory domain of FU physically interacts with the last 52 amino acids of SMO and that the two proteins colocalize in vivo to vesicles. The deletion of this region of SMO leads to a constitutive activation of SMO, promoting the ectopic transcription of HH target genes. This activation is partially dependent of FU activity. Thus, we identify a novel link between SMO and the cytoplasmic complex(es) and reveal a negative role of the SMO C-terminal region that interacts with FU. We propose that FU could act as a switch, activator in presence of HH signal or inhibitor in absence of HH.
authors.affiliation: Génétique du Développement et Evolution, Institut Jacques Monod, UMR 7592, CNRS/Universités Paris 6 and 7, 2 Place Jussieu, 75251 Paris cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Malpel
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Claret
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanial
authors.forename: Amira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brigui
authors.forename: Tristan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Piolot
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Daviet
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martin-Lannerée
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Plessis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D017931:DNA Primers; D004330:Drosophila / Q000196:embryology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008954:Models, Biological; D011485:Protein Binding; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D000072086:Smoothened Receptor; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D014921:Wings, Animal / Q000196:embryology
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000072086:Smoothened Receptor; C100664:smo protein, Drosophila; C085770:fu protein, Drosophila; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases