title: Hard gelatin and hypromellose (HPMC) capsules: estimation of rupture time by real-time dissolution spectroscopy.
abstract: The objective of this study was to measure rupture time of gelatin and hypromellose (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose or HPMC) capsules using a novel approach based on real-time dissolution spectroscopy. Rupture time was measured in standard dissolution apparatus at a constant temperature using a dip-type fiber-optic probe. Labrasol released from the capsules was treated as the marker of the rupture process. Light scatter generated by the emulsified labrasol was detected by an ultrafast monochromator at scan rates approximating 24,000 nm/min. This technique was validated by measuring the dissolution time of gelatin capsules. Rupture times of hypromellose capsules were studied as a function of capsule size, capsule grade, and dissolution medium. Statistical correlations were analyzed by ANOVA. Rupture time of hypromellose capsules was dependent on both the medium and the grade of the capsule, and was independent of capsule size. The composition of the dissolution medium contributes to the rupture time of the capsules and should be considered when fast release and quick biological response is desired. Release delay, however, may not manifest itself in vivo and the time to maximum plasma concentration may not be significant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA.
authors.forename: Yasser
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: El-Malah
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nazzal
authors.forename: Carey B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Bottom
mesh_terms: D002214:Capsules / Q000737:chemistry*; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D008747:Methylcellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D012995:Solubility; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D005780:Gelatin; D008747:Methylcellulose