title: [What does "p" mean at conclusion of a test of hypothesis in a randomized controlled clinical trial of superiority?].
abstract: The aim of this statistical note, the sixth in the series, is to introduce the rationale of the test of hypothesis suitable for comparing the effect of two treatments in a randomized controlled clinical trial of superiority. The presentation takes advantage of the analogy with a criminal trial debate based upon circumstantial evidence in an Italian Court. The results of three randomized controlled clinical trials: ISIS-1, AIMS and RESTORE are introduced and proper ways for their interpretation are suggested.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Statistica Medica e Biometria, Università degli Studi, Milano. ettore.marubini@unimi.it
authors.forename: Ettore
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marubini
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pizzamiglio
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Verderio
mesh_terms: D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009626:Terminology as Topic