Effect of 1-year dairy product intervention on fat mass in young women: 6-month follow-up.
OBJECTIVE
Previous results from this laboratory suggest that a 1-year dairy intake intervention in young women does not alter fat mass. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the 1-year dairy intervention 6 months after completion of the intervention.


METHODS
Previously, normal-weight young women (n = 154) were randomized to one of three calcium intake groups: control (<800 mg/d), medium dairy (1000 to 1100 mg/d), or high dairy (1300 to 1400 mg/d) for a 1-year trial (n = 135 completed). In the current study, 51 women were assessed 6 months after completion of the intervention trial. Body compositions (body fat, lean mass) were measured using DXA. Self-report questionnaires were utilized to measure activity and dietary intake (kilocalories, calcium).


RESULTS
The high-dairy group (n = 19) maintained an elevated calcium intake (1027 +/- 380 mg/d) at 18 months compared with the control group (n = 18, 818 +/- 292; p = 0.02). Mean calcium intake over the 18 months predicted a negative change in fat mass (p = 0.04) when baseline BMI was controlled in regression analysis (model R(2) = 0.11). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels were correlated with fat mass at each time-point (baseline, r = -0.41, p = 0.003; 12 months, r = -0.42, p = 0.002; 18 months, r = -0.32, p = 0.02) but did not predict changes in fat mass.


CONCLUSIONS
Dietary calcium intake over 18 months predicted a negative change in body fat mass. Thus, increased dietary calcium intakes through dairy products may prevent fat mass accumulation in young, healthy, normal-weight women.
Eagan
Marianne S
MS
Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, 1264 Stone Hall, 700 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Lyle
Roseann M
RM
Gunther
Carolyn W
CW
Peacock
Munro
M
Teegarden
Dorothy
D
D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003611:Dairy Products; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D002136:Calcium, Dietary