title: Glycogen synthase binds to sarcoplasmic reticulum and is phosphorylated by CaMKII in fast-twitch skeletal muscle.
abstract: We investigated the subcellular localization of glycogen synthase (GS) in the adductor muscle of anesthetized rabbits injected intravenously with propranolol. Under these experimental conditions, glycogen content was about 10 mmol/kg of fresh tissue. Immunofluorescent and fractionation studies showed that GS associated with sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membranes. Glycogen and GS always co-sedimented, suggesting a predominant role of glycogen in targeting of GS to SR. SR-associated GS was phosphorylated in vitro by SR-bound Ca2+-calmodulin dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) and dephosphorylated by endogenous protein phosphatase 1 (PP1c). Based on measurements of GS activity ratio, in vitro phosphorylation of GS by CaMKII did not significantly affect GS activity per se. However, GS activity ratio was slightly reduced, when SR membranes were further incubated with ATP after prior phosphorylation by CaMKII, suggesting that CaMKII might act sinergistically with other protein kinases. We propose that SR-bound CaMKII plays a role in regulation of glycogen metabolism in skeletal muscle, when intracellular Ca2+ is raised.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sacchetto
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bovo
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salviati
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Damiani
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Margreth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006006:Glycogen Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D018656:Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D011817:Rabbits; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006006:Glycogen Synthase; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases