title: Female conduct disorder: health status in young adulthood.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  One of the risk factors for poor adult health may be adolescent antisocial behavior, especially in girls. This study was conducted to determine if negative young adult health outcomes in girls who previously had adolescent antisocial behavior could be explained by demographic factors and pre-existing health problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  This 3-year longitudinal study recruited 93 girls, ages 15-17 years (52 with conduct disorder [CD]; 41 with no psychiatric illness [normal controls; NC]) from the community. Baseline interviews of girls and parents collected demographic, psychiatric, and medical history data. Three annual interviews collected data about medical problems, health care service utilization, and reproductive health. In addition, the final follow-up included a standardized self-report questionnaire about young adult health status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CD and NC groups did not differ in age, racial composition, social class, proportion of smokers, or drug and alcohol experimentation. They were qualitatively different in baseline medical histories. Controlling for age at follow-up and baseline medical problems, the CD group as young adults had worse overall health, more discomfort, higher rates of unhealthy habits, lower rates of healthy behaviors, and more pregnancies at earlier ages. There were no group differences in rates of disorders, injuries, or health care usage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adolescent girls with CD as young adults have poorer overall health, more discomfort, more health risk behaviors, and earlier onset of adult reproductive behaviors, even when controlling for demographic factors and pre-existing health history. Clinical and research implications are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Columbus Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Public Health, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA. pajerk@pediatrics.ohio-state.edu
authors.forename: Kathleen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Pajer
authors.forename: Alamdar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kazmi
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012306:Risk; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology