title: Biological mechanisms of action of novel C-10 non-acetal trioxane dimers in prostate cancer cell lines.
abstract: The mechanisms of action of three C-10 non-acetal trioxane dimers (TDs) were examined in human (LNCaP) and mouse (TRAMP-C1A and -C2H) prostate cancer cell lines. 1 (AJM3/23), 2 (GHP-TM-III-07w), and 3 (GHP-KB-06) inhibited cell growth with 3 being the most potent in C1A (GI50 = 18.0 nM), C2H (GI50 = 17.0 nM), and LNCaP (GI50 = 17.9 nM) cells. In comparison to a standard cytotoxic agent such as doxorubicin (GI50 = 45.3 nM), 3 (GI50 = 17.9 nM) inhibited LNCaP cell growth more potently. TDs induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in LNCaP cells and decreased cells in the S phase. These changes correlated with modulation of G1 phase cell cycle proteins including decreased cyclin D1, cyclin E, and cdk2 and increased p21waf1 and p27Kip1. TDs also promoted apoptosis in LNCaP cells with increased expression of proapoptotic bax. These results demonstrate that TDs are potentially useful agents that warrant further preclinical development for treatment of prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
authors.forename: Adebusola A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Alagbala
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: McRiner
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Borstnik
authors.forename: Tanzina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Labonte
authors.forename: Wonsuk
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: D'Angelo
authors.forename: Gary H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Posner
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Foster
mesh_terms: D000080:Acetals / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019281:Dimerization; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C503429:1,2,4-trioxane; D000080:Acetals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D037621:Artemisinins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D004317:Doxorubicin