title: Developmental toxic effects of antifungal flusilazole administered by gavage to mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The developmental toxicity of flusilazole was studied in CD-1 mice after oral administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant mice were given flusilazole at doses of 0 (corn oil), 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg/day, by gavage, on gestational days (GD) 6-15.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maternal toxicity, as evidenced by reduction in body weight gain and signs of toxicity, was observed at the middle- and high-dose groups. No significant incidence of resorptions or death was observed in any of dose groups. There was a pronounced reduction in fetal weight, which was significantly lower than control from 20 and 40 mg/kg/day. There was no significant increase in the incidence of fetuses with external or visceral malformations in any of dose groups, but there was a significant increase in the incidence of skeletal malformations was observed at 20 and 40 mg/kg/day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study reported marked maternal toxicity, growth retardation, and skeletal abnormalities in the mid- and high-dose groups. It seems likely that marked maternal toxicity contributed to the observed alterations in fetal growth retardation and skeletal development. The no-observed-effect level in the present study for maternal and developmental toxicity was 10 mg/kg/day.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt. aminafarag2002@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Amina T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Farag
authors.forename: Hala H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D012821:Silanes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D012821:Silanes; D014230:Triazoles; C061365:flusilazole