title: Tolerance of Drosophila flies to ibotenic acid poisons in mushrooms.
abstract: The mushroom genus Amanita has a spectrum of chemical compounds affecting survival and performance of animals. Ibotenic acid is one of such compounds found in some Amanita mushrooms. We studied the effects of ibotenic acid and its derivative, muscimol, on egg-to-pupa survival, pupation time, and pupal size in five Drosophila species (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Drosophila bizonata, Drosophila angularis, Drosophila brachynephros, Drosophila immigrans, and Drosophila melanogaster. The first three species are mycophagous and use a wide range of mushrooms for breeding, whereas D. immigrans and D. melanogaster are frugivorous. We reared fly larvae on artificial medium with 500, 250, 125, and 62.5 microg/ml of ibotenic acid and/or musimol. The three mycophagous species were not susceptible to ibotenic acid, whereas the two frugivorous species were affected. In experiments with D. melanogaster, muscimol was less toxic than ibotenic acid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vector Ecology and Environment, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan. tuno@nagasaki-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Nobuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tuno
authors.forename: Kazuo H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Osawa
authors.forename: Chihiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000545:Amanita / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D049628:Body Size / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004330:Drosophila / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D007051:Ibotenic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D009118:Muscimol / Q000633:toxicity; D009145:Mushroom Poisoning; D011679:Pupa / Q000187:drug effects; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D007051:Ibotenic Acid; D009118:Muscimol