Biological mechanisms of action of novel C-10 non-acetal trioxane dimers in prostate cancer cell lines.
The mechanisms of action of three C-10 non-acetal trioxane dimers (TDs) were examined in human (LNCaP) and mouse (TRAMP-C1A and -C2H) prostate cancer cell lines. 1 (AJM3/23), 2 (GHP-TM-III-07w), and 3 (GHP-KB-06) inhibited cell growth with 3 being the most potent in C1A (GI50 = 18.0 nM), C2H (GI50 = 17.0 nM), and LNCaP (GI50 = 17.9 nM) cells. In comparison to a standard cytotoxic agent such as doxorubicin (GI50 = 45.3 nM), 3 (GI50 = 17.9 nM) inhibited LNCaP cell growth more potently. TDs induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in LNCaP cells and decreased cells in the S phase. These changes correlated with modulation of G1 phase cell cycle proteins including decreased cyclin D1, cyclin E, and cdk2 and increased p21waf1 and p27Kip1. TDs also promoted apoptosis in LNCaP cells with increased expression of proapoptotic bax. These results demonstrate that TDs are potentially useful agents that warrant further preclinical development for treatment of prostate cancer.
Alagbala
Adebusola A
AA
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
McRiner
Andrew J
AJ
Borstnik
Kristina
K
Labonte
Tanzina
T
Chang
Wonsuk
W
D'Angelo
John G
JG
Posner
Gary H
GH
Foster
Barbara A
BA
D000080:Acetals / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019281:Dimerization; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
C503429:1,2,4-trioxane; D000080:Acetals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D037621:Artemisinins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D004317:Doxorubicin