title: Effect of different ventilation modes with FC-77 on pulmonary inflammatory reaction in piglets after cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) causes pulmonary inflammatory reaction. Liquid ventilation with perfluorocarbon has shown an anti-inflammatory effect on severely injured lungs. The aim of this study is to investigate the treatment effect of different ventilation modes with perfluorocarbon on pulmonary inflammatory reaction in piglets after CPB.
  
  
  METHODS
  After receiving CPB and subsequent infusion of lipopolysaccharide (1 microg/kg), 18 piglets were randomly treated with conventional gas ventilation, total liquid ventilation (TLV), or partial liquid ventilation (PLV) for 240 min. The lung tissue and blood samples were collected at the end of observation period. The pulmonary mRNA expressions and plasmatic concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured. Histological neutrophil count in lung parenchyma was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hemodynamics, PaCO2 and PH did not differ among groups during the observation period. Both TLV and PLV showed significantly improved oxygenation, reduced pulmonary mRNA expressions and plasmatic levels of IL-6 and IL-8, and decreased total neutrophil count in lung parenchyma when compared with conventional gas ventilation. Furthermore, TLV resulted in significantly better oxygenation, lower pulmonary mRNA expressions of IL-6 and IL-8, and less total neutrophil count when compared with PLV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both TLV and PLV improved oxygenation and reduced pulmonary inflammatory reaction in piglets after CPB, whereas TLV is more effective than PLV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yinglong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D021061:Liquid Ventilation / Q000379:methods*; D023421:Models, Animal; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D005466:Fluorocarbons; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; C429307:fluorocarbon 77