title: Heat generated by residual adhesive removal after debonding of brackets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the rise in temperature during mechanical removal of residual adhesive after debonding of brackets in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Different carbide burs on a high-speed handpiece were tested. Acrylic on the buccal surfaces of recently extracted human maxillary incisors was removed using 3 types of carbide burs (6-, 12-, 40-fluted) with a varying number of windings relative to the long axis of the shaft. The temperature was measured using a thermocouple probe in the pulp chamber of the extracted teeth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest mean rise in temperature was measured using a 6-fluted bur (+9.4 degrees C, P < .001), followed by the 12-fluted bur (+6.5 degrees C, P <.001). The lowest rise in temperature (+1.2 degrees C, not significant) was seen with a 40-fluted bur. After 3 to 8 seconds of continuous grinding, the rise in temperature seems to slow down.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The removal of residual adhesive after debonding is best performed with fine burs. If 6-fluted burs are used, a pause after 5 to 10 seconds of continuous grinding is recommended, especially in the mandibular anterior area.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Vienna University Dental School, Vienna, Austria. erwin.jonke@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jonke
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Weiland
authors.forename: Josef W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Freudenthaler
authors.forename: Hans Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Bantleon
mesh_terms: D001831:Body Temperature; D017005:Dental Debonding / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003755:Dental High-Speed Technique; D003762:Dental Instruments; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000502:physiology; D004867:Equipment Design; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D017973:Tungsten Compounds
chemical_list: D017973:Tungsten Compounds; C002802:tungsten carbide