title: Thoracic bite trauma in dogs: a comparison of clinical and radiological parameters with surgical results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Canine bite wounds may cause severe underlying tissue trauma even with no clinically evident puncture wounds. In order to assess the ability of pre-operative diagnostic parameters to predict the extent of internal damage inflicted by a thoracic bite wound, the clinical, radiological and surgical data of 45 dogs that sustained thoracic bite trauma were recorded.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical, radiographic and surgical parameters from 45 dogs of various breeds with thoracic bite trauma, were analysed (P<0.05). All dogs were treated according to a previously described protocol and had exploratory surgery including a thoracotomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mainly small-breed dogs were traumatised. Clinical and radiological data were suggestive of internal trauma but not reliable as accurate indicators for internal lesions. Only radiological evidence of lung contusion was significantly associated with the presence of surgically confirmed lung contusion (P=0.006). Dogs with postoperative wound complications had a significantly higher risk of dying than those without complications (P=0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study concludes that according to protocol an optimal management of thoracic bite wounds in small dogs includes surgical exploration of the wound and the thoracic cavity in the presence of flail or pseudo-flail chest, fractured ribs, radiological evidence of lung contusion, pneumothorax or any combination of these.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Utrecht University, NL-3584 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: E T F
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Scheepens
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: L'eplattenier
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kirpensteijn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001733:Bites and Stings / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D049628:Body Size; D003288:Contusions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005409:Flail Chest / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic / Q000662:veterinary*; D013898:Thoracic Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D019616:Thoracic Surgical Procedures / Q000662:veterinary*; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices