Two mammalian Sec16 homologues have nonredundant functions in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) export and transitional ER organization.
Budding yeast Sec16 is a large peripheral endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein that functions in generating COPII transport vesicles and in clustering COPII components at transitional ER (tER) sites. Sec16 interacts with multiple COPII components. Although the COPII assembly pathway is evolutionarily conserved, Sec16 homologues have not been described in higher eukaryotes. Here, we show that mammalian cells contain two distinct Sec16 homologues: a large protein that we term Sec16L and a smaller protein that we term Sec16S. These proteins localize to tER sites, and an N-terminal region of each protein is necessary and sufficient for tER localization. The Sec16L and Sec16S genes are both expressed in every tissue examined, and both proteins are required in HeLa cells for ER export and for normal tER organization. Sec16L resembles yeast Sec16 in having a C-terminal conserved domain that interacts with the COPII coat protein Sec23, but Sec16S lacks such a C-terminal conserved domain. Immunoprecipitation data indicate that Sec16L and Sec16S are each present at multiple copies in a heteromeric complex. We infer that mammalian cells have preserved and extended the function of Sec16.
Bhattacharyya
Dibyendu
D
Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Glick
Benjamin S
BS
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D022181:COP-Coated Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021381:Protein Transport; D034622:RNA Interference; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*
D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C517555:SEC16A protein, human; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins