title: Serum apolipoprotein j in health, coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Apolipoprotein (apo) J, clusterin, is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues, and is a component of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). There is experimental evidence that it may be anti-atherogenic through its effects on cholesterol transport, smooth muscle cell proliferation and lipid peroxidation. HDLs containing apo J and apo A-I carry paraoxonase (PON1), which protects low-density lipoproteins from oxidative modification; however, the extent to which apo J affects coronary heart disease (CHD) is not known. We have developed a sandwich ELISA that enables apo J to be assayed in the range of 13-200 microg/mL. Serum apo J was 52.8+/-0.8 microg/mL (mean+/-SEM; range, 36.0-84.3 microg/mL; n=92) in healthy Japanese men, and 49.3+/-0.5 microg/mL (34.5-72.8; n=241) in healthy Japanese women. Multiple regression of these data and results from 67 men with CHD showed that apo J concentration was unrelated to age, sex or body mass index, but was positively related to serum PON1 (p<0.001) and apo B (p<0.02) concentrations. In women, it was also positively related to blood glucose (p<0.02). After adjusting for its associations with covariates, serum apo J averaged 5.4 microg/mL, lower in CHD men than in controls (p<0.003). Type 2 diabetics had higher apo J concentrations (men, 83.1+/-3.4 microg/mL, n=64; women, 64.0+/-2.3 microg/mL, n=46) than healthy men and women (p<0.001). In these Type 2 diabetics, apo J concentration was unrelated to PON1 concentration, but was positively related to blood glucose (p<0.01). After adjustment for its relation to blood glucose, the mean apo J concentration was similar in diabetics and healthy subjects. These findings suggest that apo J may be anti-atherogenic in humans, and that its concentration is raised by Type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Medical Technology and Development, BML Inc, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kujiraoka
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: Mitsuaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sasaguri
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujioka
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Motoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsushima
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Irina P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Norman E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Egashira
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D051152:Clusterin / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D051152:Clusterin