title: Cyclic fatigue of ProTaper instruments.
abstract: The present work evaluated the influence of the curved segment length of artificial root canals (the arc) and the number of cycles necessary to fracture engine-driven nickel-titanium endodontic instruments. ProTaper F3 25-mm files at 250 rpm were used in two artificial canals. The artificial canals were made of stainless steel with an inner diameter of 1.04 mm, a total length of 20 mm, and arc on the ends with a radius of curvature of 6 mm. The arc length of the first tube measured 9.4 mm, and the straight part measured 10.6 mm. The second tube was 14.1 mm long, and the straight part measured 5.9 mm. We determined the fracture surface distances and the number of cycles necessary to induce fatigue fracture in the ProTaper F3 instruments. The fracture surfaces and the helical shaft of the instruments were investigated using a scanning electron microscope. The results indicated that the required number of cycles to cause a fracture was influenced by the canal arc length, the morphology of the fractured surface presented ductile characteristics, and plastic deformation in the helical shaft of the fractured instruments did not occur.
authors.affiliation: ABE/RJ and UNESA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hélio Pereira
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Edson Jorge Lima
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: Carlos Nelson
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Elias
authors.forename: Renata Andriola
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: Mônica Schultz
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Neves
mesh_terms: D003754:Dental High-Speed Equipment; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C040654:titanium nickelide; D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium