title: Putting evidence into practice: evidence-based interventions for sleep-wake disturbances.
abstract: Symptom management is a vital aspect of the practice of oncology nursing. The Oncology Nursing Society has identified outcomes sensitive to nursing intervention, known as nursing-sensitive patient outcomes. This article presents information about sleep-wake disturbances that occur in patients with cancer and makes recommendations for evidence-based interventions to improve sleep for patients. Sleep-wake disturbances occur in 30%-75% of people with cancer and have a negative impact on other symptoms and quality of life. Despite the frequency and severity of sleep-wake disturbances, limited research has tested interventions to improve sleep-wake outcomes. Although no interventions currently receive the highest recommendations for implementation into practice, several nonpharmacologic interventions show initial positive findings in promoting high-quality sleep and daytime functioning. Oncology nurses can screen for sleep-wake disturbances and suggest tailored interventions. Four categories of promising interventions are cognitive-behavioral therapy, complementary therapies, psychoeducation and information, and exercise. Clinicians can use the Putting Evidence Into Practice (PEP) card and PEP resources at www.ons.org/outcomes to improve sleep-wake outcomes.
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Francisco, USA. pagem@neurosurg.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Margaretta S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Page
authors.forename: Ann M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: Lauran B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D001521:Behavior Therapy; D019985:Benchmarking; D000529:Complementary Therapies; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000458:organization & administration; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D024802:Nurse's Role; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000458:organization & administration; D009736:Nursing Process; D009859:Oncology Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012107:Research Design; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*