[The effects of alpha-linolenic acid on the functioning of the isolated heart during acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion].
Many studies indicate that dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have the cardioprotective properties. But majority of experiments were carried out with using omega-3 PUFAs from marine fish oil. The purpose of this study was to determine effects of the plant-derived omega-3 PUFA (alpha-linolenic acid (a-LA) on postischemic myocardial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activity. Male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were divided into 4 groups (n = 10-12 each). In control group (1) were intact rats. The hearts from 2-nd group of animal were exposed to 20 min of global ischemia followed by 40 min reperfusion according to the Langendorff technique. The 3-rd and 4-th groups of animal received of the plant-derived oil (a-LA), which is a precursor of eicosapentaenoic acid and was used as a dietary supplement in dose 0.1 mg/kg per day for 4 weeks. The hearts from 4-th group of animal were also exposed to ischemia/ reperfusion. Analysis of myocardial phospholipid fatty acid content showed that consumption of the plant-derived 6-LA for 4 weeks changes fatty acid profile through incorporation of b-LA in cell membranes. It also reduced content of omega-6 PUFAs in membrane phospholipids. In 3-rd group content of a-LA and EPA were increased by 1.5- and 3.5-times, respectively, whereas content of AA was reduced by 1.7-times. The development of ischemia/ reperfusion in 2-nd group caused increase of free AA content in heart tissue by 3.5-times, whereas in 4-th group this increase was only by 1.4-time. Ischemia/reperfusion of the isolated rat heart in 4-th group was accompanied by reduced leukotriene C4 and thromboxane B2 production in 3-times and 1.9-times, respectively in comparison to 2-nd group. The time of myocardial function recovery after ischemia (heart rate, left ventricular development pressure), was shorter compare to 2-nd group. Also in 4th group end-diastolic pressure and coronary perfusion pressure during reperfusion period were significantly lower. Dietary omega-3 PUFAs resulted in remarkable decrease of reperfusion arrhythmias in 4-th group (in 3.8-times) and limited the oxidative stress through decrease free radical and lipid peroxidation production. In this group of animals the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) after ischemia/reperfusion were higher than in 2-nd group. We suggest that dietary supplement of the plant-derived alpha-LA for 4 weeks have cardioprotective effects similar to the effects of fish oil.
Kukoba
T V
TV
Shysh
A M
AM
Moĭbenko
O O
OO
Kotsiuruba
A V
AV
Kharchenko
O V
OV
D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000975:Antioxidants; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D005609:Free Radicals; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D010743:Phospholipids; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase