title: The molecular biology of cytoplasmically inherited male sterility and prospects for its engineering.
abstract: Nucleocytoplasmic male sterilities are binary genetic systems driven by mitochondrial, maternally inherited genes that induce male sterility and a female phenotype and which are overcome by nuclear restorers of fertility. They contribute to the reproductive biology and evolution of natural populations and are valuable tools for the commercial production of hybrid seeds in crops. For species with no natural form of cytoplasmic male sterility, such sterility can in some cases be introduced from different, but related, species through sexual crosses or somatic hybridisation. Somatic hybridisation is the only technique currently available for manipulating plant mitochondrial genomes. Recent successes in plastid transformation have opened up entirely new perspectives for the engineering of cytoplasmic male sterilities in transplastomic plants.
authors.affiliation: Station de Génétique et d'Amélioration des Plantes, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA Route de Saint-Cyr, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France. pelletie@versailles.inra.fr
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pelletier
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Budar
mesh_terms: D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics*; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D050259:Genes, Mitochondrial; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D051479:Plant Infertility / Q000235:genetics*; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics*