title: Statins and the risk of lung, breast, and colorectal cancer in the elderly.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although most randomized trials and meta-analyses suggest a slight or no increase in the risk of cancer in statin users, results from observational studies have been conflicting, and some have even suggested a large protective effect of statins on certain cancers. Long-term statin users tend to be healthier, less frail, and more adherent to therapy than nonusers, however. This could explain such apparent "protective" effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We conducted the present cohort study by linking data from a large state drug benefit program with cancer registry data and Medicare healthcare utilization data. We identified all initiators of statins; initiators of glaucoma medications, another preventive drug, served as a comparison group. Outcomes included all registry-identified cases of colorectal, lung, and breast cancer. Multivariable Cox proportional models were used to adjust for confounding. Patient characteristics were similar in both groups, but statin initiators (n=24,439) were slightly younger and used some services more frequently than glaucoma drug initiators (n=7284). The mean follow-up was 2.9 years, with the longest follow-up being 8.4 years. Incidence rates of colorectal, lung, and breast cancers in both groups were very similar to rates in the general population. Adjusted hazard ratios were 0.96 (95% CI, 0.70 to 1.31) for colorectal cancer, 1.11 (95% CI, 0.77 to 1.60) for lung cancer, and 0.99 (95% CI, 0.74 to 1.33) for breast cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data from a large population of typical older patients who began using statins indicate that it is unlikely that statins confer a clinically important decrease or increase in the risk of colorectal, lung, or breast cancer over the durations studied.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1620 Tremont St, Suite 3030, Boston, MA 02130, USA. ssetoguchi@partners.org
authors.forename: Soko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Setoguchi
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Glynn
authors.forename: Jerry
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Avorn
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mogun
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schneeweiss
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors