title: Transplatin is cytotoxic when photoactivated: enhanced formation of DNA cross-links.
abstract: It is well-known that although cisplatin, [cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2], is an anticancer drug, its isomer transplatin is not cytotoxic. Here we show that transplatin is almost as cytotoxic as cisplatin when treated cells (human keratinocytes HaCaT and ovarian cancer A2780 cells) are irradiated with UVA light (50 min, 1.77 mW cm-2). Chemical studies show that light activates both chloride ligands of transplatin, and experiments on pSP73 plasmid DNA and a 23 base-pair DNA duplex show that irradiation can greatly enhance formation of interstrand cross-links and of DNA-protein cross-links (which are not formed in the dark). Comet assays showed that UVA irradiation of transplatin-treated cells resulted in an increased inhibition of H2O2-induced DNA migration, supporting the conclusion that the cytotoxicity of photoactivated transplatin is mainly due to formation of DNA interstrand and DNA-protein cross-links.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Královopolská 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Pavla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heringova
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: Fiona S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Mackay
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kasparkova
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Sadler
authors.forename: Viktor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Brabec
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020552:Comet Assay; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D018983:DNA Footprinting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D011506:Proteins; C034697:transplatin; D004247:DNA; D002945:Cisplatin