title: Identification of regions within the F domain of the human estrogen receptor alpha that are important for modulating transactivation and protein-protein interactions.
abstract: The estrogen receptor (ER)alpha is a biologically and clinically important ligand-modulated transcription factor. The F domain of the ERalpha modulates its functions in a ligand-, promoter-, and cell-specific manner. To identify the region(s) responsible for these functions, we characterized the effects of serial truncations within the F domain. We found that truncating the last 16 residues of the F domain altered the activity of the human ERalpha (hERalpha) on an estrogen response element-driven promoter in response to estradiol or 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT), its sensitivity to overexpression of the coactivator steroid receptor coactivator-1 in mammalian cells, and its interaction with a receptor-interacting domain of the coactivator steroid receptor coactivator-1 or engineered proteins ("monobodies") that specifically bind to ERalpha/ligand complexes in a yeast two-hybrid system. Most importantly, the ability of the ER to induce pS2 was reduced in MDA-MB-231 cells stably expressing this truncated ER vs. the wild-type ER. The region includes a distinctive segment (residues 579-584; LQKYYIT) having a high content of bulky and/or hydrophobic amino acids that was previously predicted to adopt a beta-strand-like structure. As previously reported, removal of the entire F domain was necessary to eliminate the agonist activity of 4-OHT. In addition, mutation of the vicinal glycine residues between the ligand-binding domain and F domains specifically reduced the 4-OHT-dependent interactions of the hERalpha ligand-binding domain and F domains with monobodies. These results show that regions within the F domain of the hERalpha selectively modulate its activity and its interactions with other proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.forename: Changqing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Misuzu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naganuma
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abrams
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deighton-Collins
authors.forename: Debra F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Skafar
authors.forename: Shohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koide
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004958:Estradiol; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D056920:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1; D017354:Point Mutation; D053766:Presenilin-2 / Q000235:genetics; D011487:Protein Conformation; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; C508861:PSEN2 protein, human; D053766:Presenilin-2; D014157:Transcription Factors; D013629:Tamoxifen; C016601:afimoxifene; D004958:Estradiol; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; C538859:NCOA1 protein, human; D056920:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1