title: Separate neural substrates for skill learning and performance in the ventral and dorsal striatum.
abstract: It is widely accepted that the striatum of the basal ganglia is a primary substrate for the learning and performance of skills. We provide evidence that two regions of the rat striatum, ventral and dorsal, play distinct roles in instrumental conditioning (skill learning), with the ventral striatum being critical for learning and the dorsal striatum being important for performance but, notably, not for learning. This implies an actor (dorsal) versus director (ventral) division of labor, which is a new variant of the widely discussed actor-critic architecture. Our results also imply that the successful performance of a skill can ultimately result in its establishment as a habit outside the basal ganglia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 345 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA. hisham.atallah@colorado.edu
authors.forename: Hisham E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Atallah
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lopez-Paniagua
authors.forename: Jerry W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Rudy
authors.forename: Randall C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: O'Reilly
mesh_terms: D015763:2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000502:physiology*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018755:GABA Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009118:Muscimol / Q000494:pharmacology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D018755:GABA Agonists; D009118:Muscimol; D015763:2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate