title: Expression of the target receptor CD33 in CD34+/CD38-/CD123+ AML stem cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CD33 (Siglec-3) is becoming increasingly important as a target of antibody-mediated therapy in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). In normal myelopoiesis, expression of CD33 is restricted to advanced stages of differentiation, whereas primitive stem cells do not express CD33. In the present study, we asked whether leukaemic stem cells in patients with AML express CD33.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multicolour-staining technique was applied in 11 patients with AML, and leukaemic progenitors defined as CD34(+)/CD38(-)/CD123(+) cells. AML stem cells were purified by cell sorting and were examined for expression of CD33 mRNA by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all patients in whom the majority of myeloblasts expressed CD33 (n = 8), AML progenitors reacted with the CD33 antibody P67.6. Repopulation experiments utilizing irradiated NOD/SCID mice confirmed that AML stem cells in these patients reside within the CD33(+) subpopulation of the leukaemic clone. Moreover, highly purified AML stem cells (> 98% purity) from patients with CD33(+) AML were found to express CD33 mRNA in RT-PCR analyses. CD33 was neither detectable on CD34(+)/CD38(-) cells in normal bone marrow nor on leukaemic stem cells in patients with CD33-negative AML.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Leukaemic stem cells in patients with CD33(+) AML express CD33. This observation is in favour of novel treatment concepts employing CD33-targeting antibodies in AML.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Hauswirth
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Florian
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Printz
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sotlar
authors.forename: M-T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Krauth
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fritsch
authors.forename: G-H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Schernthaner
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Wacheck
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Selzer
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Sperr
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valent
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology*; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063268:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; C571163:CD33 protein, human; C571165:Cd33 protein, mouse; D063268:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3