title: Antisense ERK1/2 oligodeoxynucleotide gene therapy attenuates graft arteriosclerosis of aortic transplant in a rat model.
abstract: Chronic rejection is a major cause of transplant loss that is effected by the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) pathway. This study investigated the effects of antisense ERK1/2 oligodeoxynucleotide(ODN) gene therapy on chronic rejection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lewis (RT1(1)) rats served as recipients of Brown-Norway (BN, RT1n) grafts. The BN rat abdominal aortas were harvested and orthotopically grafted into Lewis rats. The recipients were divided into three groups: (1) control group (n = 9), (2) random ODN transfer group (n = 10), and (3) antisense ODN transfer group (n = 10). At day 60 after transplantation, the recipients were sacrificed; the grafted aortas were evaluated histologically and immunohistochemically. ERK1/2 protein expression in the grafts was determined using Western Blot assays. Serum levels of slCAM-1 were detected by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the control group and random ODN transfer group, we observed a remarkable degree of intimal hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration, including macrophages and T cells. Compared with the control group, antisense ERK1/2 ODN gene therapy resulted in a significant reduction in neointimal proliferation (P < .01), inhibition of ERK1/2 protein expression (P < .01), decreased graft infiltration with CD4+ T lymphocytes (P < .01), CD8+ T lymphocytes(P < .05), and ED-1 macrophages (P < .01) with decreased serum levels of sICAM-1 (P < .05). We obtained a negative correlation between ERK1/2 expression and immune cell infiltration or ICAM-1 level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antisense ERK1/2 gene therapy can attenuate graft arteriosclerosis so as to protect aortic allografts. The protection seemed to correlate with inhibition of inflammatory infiltration, implying that the ERK1/2 signal transduction pathway plays an important role in the process of chronic vascular rejection.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ming
authors.forename: Z K
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000637:transplantation*; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000235:genetics; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000235:genetics; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010442:Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D011914:Rats, Inbred BN; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3