title: The use of temporary anchorage devices for molar intrusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This article reviews the use of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) for maxillary molar intrusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors reviewed clinical, radiographic and histologic studies and case reports. The studies provided information regarding the application, placement and biological response of orthodontic TADs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TAD-supported molar intrusion is controlled and timely and may be accomplished without the need for full-arch brackets and wires. Supraerupted maxillary first molars can be intruded 3 to 8 millimeters in 7.5 months (approximately 0.5-1.0 mm per month), without loss of tooth vitality, adverse periodontal response or radiographically evident root resorption.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  True molar intrusion can be achieved successfully with orthodontic TADs, re-establishing a functional posterior occlusion and reducing the need for prosthetic crown reduction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 801 S. Paulina St., MC 841, Chicago, IL, USA. neal_kravitz@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Neal D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Kravitz
authors.forename: Budi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kusnoto
authors.forename: T Peter
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Tsay
authors.forename: William F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Hohlt
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008437:Maxilla; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology*; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods