title: Does cancer risk affect health-related quality of life in patients with Barrett's esophagus?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Health-related quality of life is decreased in patients with GERD and Barrett's esophagus (BE).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether time-tradeoff (TTO) values would differ in patients with BE when patients were asked to trade away the potential risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma rather than chronic heartburn symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects with biopsy-proven BE.
  
  
  METHODS
  Custom-designed computer program to elicit health-state utility values, quality of life in reflux and dyspepsia (QOLRAD), and Medical Outcomes Survey short form-36 surveys.
  
  
  METHODS
  TTO utility values for the annual cancer-risk-associated current health state and for hypothetical scenarios of dysplasia and esophageal cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 60 patients in the cancer-risk cohort (57 men, 92% veteran; mean age [standard deviation; SD], 65 years [11 years], mean GERD duration 17 years [12 years]). The heartburn cohort included 40 patients with GERD and BE with TTO values derived for GERD symptoms. The mean (SD) utility for nondysplastic BE was 0.91 (0.13) compared with 0.90 (0.12) for the heartburn cohort (P = .7). The mean utility values were significantly lower for scenarios of low-grade dysplasia (0.85 [0.12], P = .02) and high-grade dysplasia (0.77 [0.14], P < .005). The mean TTO was 0.67 (0.19) for the scenario of esophageal cancer. There was no correlation between the utility scores and the disease-specific survey scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TTO values were hypothetical for states of dysplasia and cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TTO utility values based on heartburn symptoms or annual risk of cancer in patients with nondysplastic BE are roughly equivalent. However, TTO utility values are significantly lower for health states with increasing cancer risks.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5202, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Gerson
authors.forename: Nighat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ullah
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hastie
authors.forename: Mary K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D000368:Aged; D001471:Barrett Esophagus / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications; D006304:Health Status; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012306:Risk; D012984:Software