title: Recurrent gastroesophageal reflux in neurologically impaired patients after fundoplication.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the outcome and analyse the main causes of complications and failures of antireflux surgery for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in neurologically impaired patients (NIP).
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1985 to 1999 44 NIP (mean age 12 years) underwent surgery for GERD. Type of surgery, complications and recurrent reflux were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-seven patients (61%) showed preoperatively severe failure to thrive. All patients showed pathologic results in 24-h pH monitoring. Surgical treatment consisted of ventral (n = 25, Thal) or dorsal (n = 4, Toupet) semifundoplication or a Nissen fundoplication (n = 15). Postoperatively, all patients showed an impressive growth, regress of symptoms and improvement of results of diagnostic investigations. Late complications and recurrence of reflux were significantly related to preoperative extreme dystrophy (p < 0.0025). In six patients (15%) severity of symptoms related to recurrent reflux required a reoperation 17.8 month postoperatively (range 8-35 month). Recurrent reflux was found in 40% after ventral semifundoplication and in 46% after Nissen fundoplication (8 and 47 months postoperatively, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Symptoms improved impressively after fundoplication in mentally retarded children. The incidence of recurrent reflux is not related to the type of surgery, however, it occurs significantly earlier with ventral semifundoplication when compared with Nissen fundoplication. Both late complications as well as recurrent reflux are related significantly to preoperative dystrophy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Graz, Medical School, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria. aljagoessler@yahoo.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goessler
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huber-Zeyringer
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hoellwarth
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D004942:Esophagitis, Peptic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D004947:Esophagus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D018662:Fundoplication / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011859:Radiography; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome