title: Toluene inhalation induced neuronal damage in the spinal cord and changes of neurotrophic factors in rat.
abstract: We investigated the effects of toluene inhalation on neurons and neurotrophic factors in the spinal cord and the relationship between them. Male Wistar rats were exposed to toluene (1500ppm for 4h per day) for 7 days. To observe damage of the neurons in spinal cord with the toluene, expression of microtubule associated protein 2 (MAP2) and 70kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) in spinal cord were performed by immunohistochemistry. MAP2 was degraded and HSP70-immunoreactivity was enhanced in nerve cell bodies of the gray matter in toluene inhalation group. Immunoreactivity of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of astrocytes, was enhanced in the toluene-treated group. Furthermore, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)- and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-immunoreactivity in spinal cord were slightly decreased in the treated group. In addition, the concentrations of GDNF and BDNF in the spinal cord were determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Concentration of GDNF was reduced significantly by toluene exposure. BDNF also reduced, but not significantly. The toluene inhalation caused the damage of the neuron in the spinal cord, which was accompanied by the decrease in the neurotrophic factors, such as BDNF and GDNF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gotohda
authors.forename: Itsuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Shin-Ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kubo
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D053593:Forensic Toxicology; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012997:Solvents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism*; D014050:Toluene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; C489787:MAP2 protein, rat; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D012997:Solvents; D014050:Toluene