title: Metabolic profiling of liver from hypercholesterolemic pigs fed rye or wheat fiber and from normal pigs. High-resolution magic angle spinning 1H NMR spectroscopic study.
abstract: This study presents the first application of a high-resolution magic angle spinning 1H NMR approach to elucidate the metabolic effects of a hypercholesterolemic condition and two high-fiber diets based on rye and wheat bread, respectively, in intact pig liver biopsy samples. Standard 1D and spin-echo 1H spectra were acquired on a total of 20 biopsy samples, and 2D total correlation spectroscopy experiments were carried out on selected samples for assignment of the observed resonances. Principal component analyses and partial least-squares regression discriminant analysis revealed differences in the hepatic lipid content and choline-containing compounds between normal and hypercholesterolemic pigs. In addition, the results demonstrated that the liver metabolite profile of hypercholesterolemic pigs fed a high-fiber rye bread differed from that of pigs fed high-fiber wheat bread with respect to both the lipoprotein fractions and the choline-containing compounds. These findings suggest that earlier reports on high-fiber rye diet-induced effects on plasma HDL/LDL content partially can be ascribed to effects on liver cholesterol metabolism and that the hepatic phospholipase pathways of phosphatidylcholine breakdown are affected by the high-fiber rye diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Department of Animal Health, Welfare and Nutrition, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark. hannec.bertram@ agrsci.dk
authors.forename: Hanne C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Bertram
authors.forename: Iola F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: Knud E Bach
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Knudsen
authors.forename: Helle N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Laerke
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012434:Secale; D013552:Swine; D014908:Triticum
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D002784:Cholesterol; D010740:Phospholipases; D002794:Choline