title: Effect of hyaluronic acid and polysaccharides from Opuntia ficus indica (L.) cladodes on the metabolism of human chondrocyte cultures.
abstract: Conventional medications in articular disease are often effective for symptom relief, but they can also cause significant side effects and do not slow the progression of the disease. Several natural substances have been shown to be effective as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at relieving the symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA), and preliminary evidence suggests that some of these compounds may exert a favourable influence on the course of the disease. In this study, we assay the anti-inflammatory/chondroprotective effect of some lyophilised extracts obtained from Opuntia ficus indica (L.) cladodes and of hyaluronic acid (HA) on the production of key molecules released during chronic inflammatory events such as nitric oxide (NO), glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), prostaglandins (PGE(2)) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human chondrocyte culture, stimulated with proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta). Further the antioxidant effect of these extracts was evaluated in vitro employing the bleaching of the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH test). All the extracts tested in this study showed an interesting profile in active compounds. Particularly some of these extracts were characterized by polyphenolic and polysaccharidic species. In vitro results pointed out that the extracts of Opuntia ficus indica cladodes were able to contrast the harmful effects of IL-1 beta. Our data showed the protective effect of the extracts of Opuntia ficus indica cladodes in cartilage alteration, which appears greater than that elicited by hyaluronic acid (HA) commonly employed as visco-supplementation in the treatment of joint diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Catania, Viale Andrea, Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy. panico@unict.it
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Panico
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cardile
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Garufi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Puglia
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bonina
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ronsisvalle
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000166:cytology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000737:chemistry; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000032:analysis; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005265:Femoral Neck Fractures / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000032:analysis; D029747:Opuntia / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D009573:Nitrites; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D015232:Dinoprostone