Dietary patterns throughout adult life are associated with body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, and red cell folate.
Dietary patterns are important in the prevention of chronic disease; however, there are few studies that include repeat measures of dietary patterns. The objective of this study was to assess the relations between dietary patterns during adult life (at ages 36, 43, and 53 y) and risk factors for chronic disease at age 53 y. Participants of a longitudinal study of health completed a 5-d food diary at 3 occasions during adult life (n = 1265). Factor analysis was used to identify dietary patterns and a pattern score was calculated from the consumption of the food items in each dietary pattern. Means and 95% CI for dietary pattern scores were calculated for each risk factor category using random effects models adjusted for socio-demographic and health-related behaviors. In women, the fruit, vegetables, and dairy pattern was inversely associated with BMI (P < 0.004), waist circumference (P = 0.0007), blood pressure (P = 0.02), and was positively associated with red cell folate (P < 0.03). The ethnic foods and alcohol pattern was also inversely associated with blood pressure (P = 0.008), whereas the meat, potatoes and sweet foods pattern was positively associated with glycated hemoglobin (P = 0.01). In men, a mixed pattern was inversely associated with waist circumference (P = 0.02) and blood pressure (P = 0.01), whereas there were no significant associations with the ethnic foods and alcohol pattern. Specific dietary patterns throughout adult life were associated with chronic disease risk factors.
McNaughton
Sarah A
SA
MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 9NL, UK. sarah.mcnaughton@deakin.edu.au
Mishra
Gita D
GD
Stephen
Alison M
AM
Wadsworth
Mike E J
ME
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D049628:Body Size; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003611:Dairy Products; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008460:Meat; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D006113:United Kingdom; D014675:Vegetables
D005492:Folic Acid