title: An investigation into the usefulness of generalized regression neural network analysis in the development of level A in vitro-in vivo correlation.
abstract: Quantitative correlations between in vivo and in vitro data (IVIVC) reduce the number of human in vivo studies, thus decreasing the overall time and expenses necessary for the development of optimal drug product formulation. Although linear regression analysis represents the simplest relationship, it is recognized that IVIVC should not be limited to linear relationship. With regards to the implementation of non-linear IVIVC models and the ability of artificial neural network (ANN) computing to cope with non-linear relationships, the usefulness of ANN analysis in the development of IVIVC merits further evaluation. The present paper is an attempt to develop an IVIVC for model sustained release paracetamol matrix tablet formulations employing various correlation approaches based on linear and non-linear modeling of in vitro and in vivo data. Currently accepted compendial methodology was compared with the alternative approaches, involving general mixed effects model and generalized regression neural network (GRNN) analysis, in order to evaluate their usefulness for predicting the in vivo behavior of drug products. Although based on analogous approaches, data generated by GRNN were closer to those observed in vivo, leading to the higher level of IVIVC than obtained by convolution. It can be assumed that GRNN analysis was able to generalize complex relations between the output and input parameters and could account for the differences in drug release kinetics observed under various conditions in vitro, thus offering potential as a reliable and robust estimate of drug products in vivo behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia. jelena.parojcic@pharmacy.bg.ac.yu
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parojcić
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ibrić
authors.forename: Zorica
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Djurić
authors.forename: Milica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jovanović
authors.forename: Owen I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Corrigan
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000179:Acrylates; D000465:Algorithms; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001682:Biological Availability; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005079:Excipients; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D016014:Linear Models; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012995:Solubility; D013607:Tablets
chemical_list: D000179:Acrylates; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005079:Excipients; D013607:Tablets; C492578:carbopol 71G; C492577:carbopol 971P; D000082:Acetaminophen