title: Treatment of recurrent pulmonary vein stenoses with endovascular stenting and adjuvant oral sirolimus.
abstract: The increasing use of radiofrequency catheter ablation for the cure of atrial fibrillation has led to iatrogenic pulmonary vein stenosis as a new clinical entity. The optimal diagnostic modality and treatment for pulmonary vein stenosis and restenosis remain unclear. We report the successful treatment of pulmonary vein restenosis following percutaneous balloon angioplasty, and for the first time, following surgical bovine pericardial patch angioplasty, with endovascular stenting and adjuvant oral sirolimus. Both patients remain asymptomatic at 1 year follow-up without evidence of restenosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California-San Diego, UCSD Medical Center, 200 West Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA 92103, USA.
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bromberg-Marin
authors.forename: Sotirios
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsimikas
authors.forename: Ehtisham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mahmud
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000601:surgery; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011668:Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D012008:Recurrence; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015607:Stents; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D020123:Sirolimus