title: Mediation of aldose reductase in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory signals in mouse peritoneal macrophages.
abstract: Aldose reductase (AR; AKR1B1) a member of aldo-keto reductase super family, that we had shown earlier mediates cytotoxic signals induced by high glucose, cytokines and growth factors, also mediates the inflammatory signals induced by Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Inhibition of AR by three distinct AR inhibitors sorbinil, tolrestat or zopolrestat suppressed the LPS-induced production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, IFN-gamma, and chemokine MCP-1 in murine peritoneal macrophages. Inhibition of AR also prevented the production of nitric oxide, and prostaglandin E2 and expression of iNOS and Cox-2 proteins. The LPS-induced DNA binding activity of NF-kappaB and AP1 were significantly inhibited by AR inhibitors, and this effect was mediated through the inhibition of phosphorylation of IkappaB-alpha, IKK alpha/beta and PKC. These results suggest the therapeutic use of AR inhibitors as anti-inflammatory drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard 6.638 Basic Science Building, Galveston, TX 77555-0647, USA. kvramana@utmb.edu
authors.forename: Kota V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Ramana
authors.forename: Satish K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
mesh_terms: D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D048289:Imidazolidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010793:Phthalazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052160:Benzothiazoles; C491768:Ccl2 protein, mouse; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D048289:Imidazolidines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009281:Naphthalenes; D010793:Phthalazines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C040550:tolrestat; C067172:zopolrestat; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D011493:Protein Kinase C; C026411:sorbinil; D015232:Dinoprostone