title: Thymus medulla formation and central tolerance are restored in IKKalpha-/- mice that express an IKKalpha transgene in keratin 5+ thymic epithelial cells.
abstract: Medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) play an essential role in establishing central tolerance due to their unique capacity to present a diverse array of tissue restricted Ags that induce clonal deletion of self-reactive thymocytes. One mTEC subset expresses keratin 5 (K5) and K14, but fails to bind Ulex europaeus agglutinin-1 (UEA-1) lectin. A distinct mTEC subset binds UEA-1 and expresses K8, but not K5 or K14. Development of both mTEC subsets requires activation of the noncanonical NF-kappaB pathway. In this study, we show that mTEC development is severely impaired and autoimmune manifestations occur in mice that are deficient in IkappaB kinase (IKK)alpha, a required intermediate in the noncanonical NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Introduction of an IKKalpha transgene driven by a K5 promoter restores the K5(+)K14(+) mTEC subset in IKKalpha(-/-) mice. Unexpectedly, the K5-IKKalpha transgene also rescues the UEA-1 binding mTEC subset even though K5 expression is not detectable in these cells. In addition, expression of the K5-IKKalpha transgene ameliorates autoimmune symptoms in IKKalpha(-/-) mice. These data suggest that 1) medulla formation and central tolerance depend on activating the alternative NF-kappaB signaling pathway selectively in K5-expressing mTECs and 2) the K5-expressing subset either contains immediate precursors of UEA-1 binding cells or indirectly induces their development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Carcinogenesis, Science Park Research Division, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1808 Park Road 1C, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.
authors.forename: Dakshayani
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lomada
authors.forename: Bigang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lezlee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Coghlan
authors.forename: Yinling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Ellen R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Richie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D053555:Keratin-5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019076:Transgenes / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D053555:Keratin-5; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase