Serum apolipoprotein j in health, coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Apolipoprotein (apo) J, clusterin, is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues, and is a component of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). There is experimental evidence that it may be anti-atherogenic through its effects on cholesterol transport, smooth muscle cell proliferation and lipid peroxidation. HDLs containing apo J and apo A-I carry paraoxonase (PON1), which protects low-density lipoproteins from oxidative modification; however, the extent to which apo J affects coronary heart disease (CHD) is not known. We have developed a sandwich ELISA that enables apo J to be assayed in the range of 13-200 microg/mL. Serum apo J was 52.8+/-0.8 microg/mL (mean+/-SEM; range, 36.0-84.3 microg/mL; n=92) in healthy Japanese men, and 49.3+/-0.5 microg/mL (34.5-72.8; n=241) in healthy Japanese women. Multiple regression of these data and results from 67 men with CHD showed that apo J concentration was unrelated to age, sex or body mass index, but was positively related to serum PON1 (p<0.001) and apo B (p<0.02) concentrations. In women, it was also positively related to blood glucose (p<0.02). After adjusting for its associations with covariates, serum apo J averaged 5.4 microg/mL, lower in CHD men than in controls (p<0.003). Type 2 diabetics had higher apo J concentrations (men, 83.1+/-3.4 microg/mL, n=64; women, 64.0+/-2.3 microg/mL, n=46) than healthy men and women (p<0.001). In these Type 2 diabetics, apo J concentration was unrelated to PON1 concentration, but was positively related to blood glucose (p<0.01). After adjustment for its relation to blood glucose, the mean apo J concentration was similar in diabetics and healthy subjects. These findings suggest that apo J may be anti-atherogenic in humans, and that its concentration is raised by Type 2 diabetes.
Kujiraoka
Takeshi
T
Department of Advanced Medical Technology and Development, BML Inc, Saitama, Japan.
Hattori
Hiroaki
H
Miwa
Yoshikazu
Y
Ishihara
Mitsuaki
M
Ueno
Takahiro
T
Ishii
Jun
J
Tsuji
Masahiro
M
Iwasaki
Tadao
T
Sasaguri
Yoshiyuki
Y
Fujioka
Takayuki
T
Saito
Satoshi
S
Tsushima
Motoo
M
Maruyama
Taro
T
Miller
Irina P
IP
Miller
Norman E
NE
Egashira
Tohru
T
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D051152:Clusterin / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D051152:Clusterin