title: NAG-1 up-regulation mediated by EGR-1 and p53 is critical for quercetin-induced apoptosis in HCT116 colon carcinoma cells.
abstract: Quercetin, a flavonoid molecule ubiquitously present in nature, has multiple effects on cancer cells, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration. However, the responsible molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. We found that quercetin induces the expression of NAG-1 (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug activated gene-1), a TGF-beta superfamily protein, during quercetin-induced apoptosis of HCT116 human colon carcinoma cells. Reporter assays using the luciferase constructs containing NAG-1 promoter region demonstrate that early growth response-1 (EGR-1) and p53 are required for quercetin-mediated activation of the NAG-1 promoter. Overexpression of NAG-1 enhanced the apoptotic effect of quercetin, but suppression of quercetin-induced NAG-1 expression by NAG-1 siRNA attenuated quercetin-induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells. Taken together, the present study demonstrates for the first time that quercetin induces apoptosis via NAG-1, providing a mechanistic basis for the apoptotic effect of quercetin in colon carcinoma cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 194 DongSan-Dong, Taegu, 700-712, Korea.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: J-W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: J-S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000187:drug effects; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D055436:Growth Differentiation Factor 15; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D011794:Quercetin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; C526140:GDF15 protein, human; D055436:Growth Differentiation Factor 15; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D011794:Quercetin