title: The capacity of the Gunderboom in Mamaroneck Harbor on the reduction of E. coli and coliform bacteria from water and soft-shelled clams (Mya arenaria).
abstract: Harbor Island Park of Mamaroneck Harbor is one of the beaches that has been frequently closed to the public due to unsanitary swimming conditions. In 2002, a Gunderboom BPS (Beach Protection System) was reinstalled in Harbor Island Park to lower bacterial levels in swimming areas. The first Gunderboom had been destroyed by an oil spill several years before. The current Gunderboom is an 800 foot curtain made of a treated polypropylene/polyester fabric and the company claims a 99.1% coliform reduction with its use. In this study, water inside and outside the Gunderboom was tested weekly from June to August 2005, and bi-weekly from September to December 2005. Coliscan Membrane Filtration plates were used to recover the relative amounts of Escherichia coli and coliform bacteria from the water. Soft-shelled clams (Mya arenaria) living in both these areas were also tested for their E. coli and coliform bacteria level using 3M Petrifilm plates. Water was also tested from Hudson Park in New Rochelle, a frequently closed beach due to high levels of coliform bacteria, as well as from Read Sanctuary in Rye, a "pristine" beach. Our results showed the amount of E. coli and coliform bacteria recovered from the water inside the Gunderboom were significantly lower (P < 0.05) compared to outside the Gunderboom and Hudson Park. There was 81.9% reduction in E. coli and 51.6% reduction in coliform bacteria inside the Gunderboom as compared to the outside. In addition, significant differences (P < 0.05) were found with lower numbers of E. coli and coliform bacteria recovered from the clams inside the Gunderboom compared to outside the Gunderboom. In conclusion, the Gunderboom system installed in Mamaroneck Harbor resulted in a significant reduction of E. coli and coliform bacteria in the water and clam samples, thus proving its efficiency as a water filter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Manhattanville College, Purchase, New York 10577, USA. yeungcheunga@mville.edu
authors.forename: Anna K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Yeung-Cheung
authors.forename: Nadilynn J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Melendez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000254:growth & development*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development*; D049892:Mya / Q000382:microbiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*