title: New splicing mutation of MEN1 gene affecting the translocation of menin to the nucleus.
abstract: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a syndrome inherited in an autosomal dominant trait caused by the inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene MEN1.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To communicate a family with a new heterozygous germ line mutation in the intronic region of MEN1 gene and to study its influence in the menin expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 5 members of a family with symptomatic hyperparathyroidism (HPT). One of them had also a neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor, and 2 had non-functional multinodular cortical adrenal hyperplasia compatible with the diagnosis of MEN1. After the mutation was identified, HSP92II restriction enzyme was used to determine both zygosity and segregation of the mutation. RT-PCR from leukocyte's isolated mRNA and western blot from pancreatic tumor tissue were performed. In vitro studies were done in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with reporter minigenes carrying the coding regions spanning exon (EX)-intron 9 and EX10 with the mutant and the wild type sequences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified a heterozygous G-to-T substitution in the intron-EX junction (IVS9-1 G>T) of MEN1 gene in the index case and the family members. The mRNA from patient's leukocytes was larger (934 bp) in comparison to the normal transcript (717 bp). Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that wild type (67 kDa) and two additional mutant proteins (approximately 55 and approximately 90 kDa) were expressed in the pancreatic tissue. The in vitro study showed a 45% nuclear localization of the mutated menin signal and a 95% in the wild type protein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified a new intronic heterozygous germ line mutation (IVS9-1G>T) of MEN1 gene in a family affected by MEN1 syndrome. This mutation alters the splice acceptor site of intron 9 that promotes an incorrect splicing, generating aberrant proteins without the nuclear localization signals necessary for the normal menin translocation to the nucleus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Tala
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Carvajal
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Garrido
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tobar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Solar
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Campino
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arteaga
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Fardella
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017398:Alternative Splicing; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D002677:Chile; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D018095:Germ-Line Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018761:Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D010375:Pedigree; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: C105373:MEN1 protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D004247:DNA