title: Refractive errors in neurofibromatosis type 1 and type 2.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To document the prevalence of refractive errors in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and type 2 (NF2) and to compare it with that of age- and sex-matched controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  82 patients with NF1, 21 patients with NF2 and 103 age- and sex-matched controls were evaluated in this prospective observational case-control study. Cycloplegic autorefraction and dilated fundus examination were performed. Myopia was defined as the spherical equivalent refraction of at least -0.50 diopters (D), hyperopia as the spherical equivalent refraction of at least 2.0 D and astigmatism as the cylinder of at least 1.0 D. Main outcome measures were refractive error, IQ, years of education, height, weight and body mass index (BMI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of myopia was 23.1% in patients with NF1, 23.8% in patients with NF2 and 16.5% in age- and sex-matched controls. These differences were significant (p<0.03, p<0.03), and adjusting for intelligence, education, height, weight and BMI increased the significance of this finding (p<0.001, p<0.001). The prevalences of astigmatism and hyperopia were similar in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high prevalence of myopia seems to be an additional feature of NF1 and NF2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Diskapi Children's Hospital, Dikmen Cad Yesilvadi Sok 7/5 Dikmen, 06410 Ankara, Turkey. arsenakinci@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Arsen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akinci
authors.forename: Golge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Acaroglu
authors.forename: Alev
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guven
authors.forename: Aydan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Degerliyurt
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009216:Myopia / Q000209:etiology; D009456:Neurofibromatosis 1 / Q000150:complications*; D016518:Neurofibromatosis 2 / Q000150:complications*; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000209:etiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index