title: Evaluation of a novel chemical sensor system to detect clinical mastitis in bovine milk.
abstract: Automatic detection of clinical mastitis is an essential part of high performance and robotic milking. Currently available technology (conductivity monitoring) is unable to achieve acceptable specificity or sensitivity of detection of clinical mastitis or other clinical diseases. Arrays of sensors with high cross-sensitivity have been successfully applied for recognition and quantitative analysis of other multicomponent liquids. An experiment was conducted to determine whether a multisensor system ("electronic tongue") based on an array of chemical sensors and suitable data processing could be used to discriminate between milk secretions from infected and healthy glands. Measurements were made with a multisensor system of milk samples from two different farms in two experiments. A total of 67 samples of milk from both mastitic and healthy glands were in two sets. It was demonstrated that the multisensor system could distinguish between control and clinically mastitic milk samples (p=0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of the sensor system (93 and 96% correspondingly) showed an improvement over conductivity (56 and 82% correspondingly). The multisensor system offers a novel method of improving mastitis detection.
authors.affiliation: Silsoe Research Institute, Wrest Park, Silsoe, Bedford, MK45 4HS, UK.
authors.forename: Toby
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mottram
authors.forename: Alisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rudnitskaya
authors.forename: Andrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Legin
authors.forename: Julie L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
authors.forename: P David
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Eckersall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D002417:Cattle; D003612:Dairying / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology*; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity