title: Multilocus sequence analysis of Penicillium and Eupenicillium species.
abstract: Taxonomy of Hyphomycetes has always been a challenging problem, with experts viewing species in different ways and modifying the taxonomy of groups to reflect their best evaluation of species limits and concepts. The advent of phylogenetic analysis, relatively easy DNA sequencing techniques and PCR has provided an opportunity for mycology to move from a strictly morphological analysis of species to phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences. Phylogenetic theory dictates that data from different loci will produce congruent or at least non-contradictory evolutionary histories of a clonal lineage. Tests of tree congruence such as the index of association can show whether lineages are clonal, and has revealed that some species long thought to be clonal are cryptically recombining. Genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition allows unambiguous identification of species boundaries.
authors.affiliation: Microbial Genomics and Bioprocessing Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, Illinois 61604, USA. peterssw@ncaur.usda.gov
authors.forename: Stephen W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Peterson
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D032641:Eurotiales / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D010407:Penicillium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D021521:Ribotyping; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D012331:RNA, Fungal