title: New functional identity for the DNA uptake sequence in transformation and its presence in transcriptional terminators.
abstract: The frequently occurring DNA uptake sequence (DUS), recognized as a 10-bp repeat, is required for efficient genetic transformation in the human pathogens Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Genome scanning for DUS occurrences in three different species of Neisseria demonstrated that 76% of the nearly 2,000 neisserial DUS were found to have two semiconserved base pairs extending from the 5' end of DUS to constitute a 12-mer repeat. Plasmids containing sequential variants of the neisserial DUS were tested for their ability to transform N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae, and the 12-mer was found to outperform the 10-mer DUS in transformation efficiency. Assessment of meningococcal uptake of DNA confirmed the enhanced performance of the 12-mer compared to the 10-mer DUS. An inverted repeat DUS was not more efficient in transformation than DNA species containing a single or direct repeat DUS. Genome-wide analysis revealed that half of the nearly 1,500 12-mer DUS are arranged as inverted repeats predicted to be involved in rho-independent transcriptional termination or attenuation. The distribution of the uptake signal sequence required for transformation in the Pasteurellaceae was also biased towards transcriptional terminators, although to a lesser extent. In addition to assessing the intergenic location of DUS, we propose that the 10-mer identity of DUS should be extended and recognized as a 12-mer DUS. The dual role of DUS in transformation and as a structural component on RNA affecting transcription makes this a relevant model system for assessing significant roles of repeat sequences in biology.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology and Centre for Molecular Biology and Neuroscience, University of Oslo, Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet Medical Center, NO-0027 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: O Herman
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Ambur
authors.forename: Stephan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Frye
authors.forename: Tone
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tønjum
mesh_terms: D017124:Conserved Sequence; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry*; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000235:genetics*; D009345:Neisseria meningitidis / Q000235:genetics*; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D013728:Terminator Regions, Genetic; D014169:Transformation, Bacterial
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial