title: Facial development, continuous tooth eruption, and mesial drift as compromising factors for implant placement.
abstract: The replacement of teeth lost by children because of trauma can be an important indication for early implant therapy. Osseointegrated dental implants, like ankylosed teeth, alter position as growth-related changes occur within the jawbones (displacement, remodeling, mesial drift). Facial growth of the child and even of the adolescent, as well as the continuous eruption of the adjacent anterior teeth, create significant risk of a less favorable esthetic and/or functional outcome. For patients with a normal facial profile, the placement of an implant should be postponed until growth is complete. For patients with a short or long face type, further growth, especially the continuous eruption of adjacent teeth, creates a serious risk even after the age of 20 years, as illustrated by some recent clinical studies. This review aims to explain these phenomena and provides some recommendations for implant placement.
authors.affiliation: Orthodontics, Association for Orthodontics, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Danny G Op
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Heij
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Opdebeeck
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Steenberghe
authors.forename: Vincent G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Kokich
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Belser
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quirynen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D015921:Dental Implants; D006801:Humans; D008445:Maxillofacial Development / Q000502:physiology*; D008644:Mesial Movement of Teeth / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014078:Tooth Eruption / Q000502:physiology*; D018677:Tooth Injuries / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants