title: The North Jutland County Diabetic Retinopathy Study (NCDRS) 2. Non-ophthalmic parameters and clinically significant macular oedema.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The influence of non-ophthalmic parameters on the prevalence of clinically significant macular oedema has not been unambiguously established. The present study was initiated with the aim of clarification.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study comprised 656 type 1 and 328 type 2 diabetic subjects undergoing retinopathy screening in the county of North Jutland. The association between the presence of clinically significant macular oedema and blood pressure, HbA1c, BMI, age, onset of diabetes, duration of diabetes, blood-pressure-reducing medication, lipid-lowering medication, neuropathy and urinary albumin excretion was explored using multiple logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no significant association between the presence of clinically significant macular oedema and any of the examined parameters in type 1 diabetic subjects. In type 2 diabetic subjects, the duration of diabetes, HbA1c, neuropathy and increased urinary albumin excretion was significantly associated with the presence of clinically significant macular oedema.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk factors for clinically significant macular oedema differ in type 1 and type 2 diabetic subjects and can account only in part for this manifestation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aalborg Sygehus Syd, Hobrovej 18-22, DK-9100 Aalborg, Denmark. u19204@aas.nja.dk
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Knudsen
authors.forename: H-H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lervang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lundbye-Christensen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gorst-Rasmussen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000150:complications; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D006801:Humans; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008403:Mass Screening; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin