title: Barriers to apply cardiovascular prediction rules in primary care: a postal survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although cardiovascular prediction rules are recommended by guidelines to evaluate global cardiovascular risk for primary prevention, they are rarely used in primary care. Little is known about barriers for application. The objective of this study was to evaluate barriers impeding the application of cardiovascular prediction rules in primary prevention.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a postal survey among general physicians in two Swiss Cantons by a purpose designed questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  356 of 772 dispatched questionnaires were returned (response rate 49.3%). About three quarters (74%) of general physicians rarely or never use cardiovascular prediction rules. Most often stated barriers to apply prediction rules among rarely- or never-users are doubts concerning over-simplification of risk assessment using these instruments (58%) and potential risk of (medical) over-treatment (54%). 57% report that the numerical information resulting from prediction rules is often not helpful for decision-making in practice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  If regular application of cardiovascular prediction rules in primary care is in demand additional interventions are needed to increase acceptance of these tools for patient management among general physicians.
authors.affiliation: Horten Centre for patient oriented research, University hospital of Zurich, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. klaus.eichler@usz.ch
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eichler
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zoller
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tschudi
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Steurer
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003657:Decision Making; D005194:Family Practice / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011177:Postal Service; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000592:standards*; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000592:standards*; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013557:Switzerland