Glutathione-S-transferase M1 polymorphisms on the susceptibility to esophageal cancer among three Chinese minorities: Kazakh, Tajik and Uygur.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) polymorphisms in three Chinese minorities, Kazakh, Uygur, and Tajik; and the pathological significance of GSTM1 polymorphisms in esophageal carcinogenesis in Kazakh.


METHODS
A total of 1121 blood samples (442 males and 679 females) were obtained from healthy Kazakh (654), Uygur (412) and Tajik (55). Primary esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) tissues from Kazakh were obtained from 116 patients who underwent surgery. GSTM1 polymorphisms were analyzed by a combined approach of PCR and electrophoresis techniques.


RESULTS
GSTM1 null genotype was found in 62.63% Uygur, 50.91% Tajik and 47.40% Kazakh. A significantly higher frequency of GSTM1 null genotype in Uygur was observed compared with Kazakh (OR: 1.859, 95% CI: 1.445 -2.391, chi2 = 23.71, P = 0.000). In addition, GSTM1 null genotype was found in 23.53% of well-differentiated ESCC in Kazakh, in 49.23% of poorly differentiated ESCC, with a significant difference (OR: 3.152, 95% CI: 1.403-7.080, chi2 = 8.018, P = 0.007).


CONCLUSIONS
There is a marked difference in the frequency of common GSTM1 null genotype between Uygur and Kazakh. GSTM1 null genotype is associated with differentiation of ESCC in Kazakh.
Lu
Xiao-Mei
XM
Medical Research Center, 1st Teaching Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
Yang
Ting
T
Xu
Shu-Yong
SY
Wen
Hao
H
Wang
Xing
X
Ren
Zhi-Hui
ZH
Zhang
Yan
Y
Wang
Wei
W
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000208:ethnology*; D005838:Genotype; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018307:Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
D005982:Glutathione Transferase