Improvement of prefrontal brain function in endogenous psychoses under atypical antipsychotic treatment.
Typical and atypical antipsychotics are thought to exert their effects on different neurotransmitter pathways with specific action of atypical compounds on the prefrontal cortex, but studies directly investigating the effect of those drugs on neurophysiological measures of prefrontal brain function are sparse. We therefore investigated the influence of different antipsychotics on an electrophysiological marker of prefrontal brain function (NoGo anteriorization, NGA) and neuropsychological test scores. For this purpose, 38 patients with endogenous psychoses were investigated at the beginning of a stationary psychiatric treatment and at a 6-week-follow-up. Patients were treated with typical or atypical antipsychotics, or a combination of both. They underwent psychopathological diagnostic and neuropsychological testing, as well as electrophysiological investigations during a Continuous Performance Test. The results indicate that typical and atypical antipsychotics differentially affected the development of the NGA over the course of the treatment, typical antipsychotics tending to result in decreased values at follow-up, and atypical antipsychotics stabilizing, or increasing this parameter. Performance in tests of frontal lobe function generally declined under typical antipsychotics and improved with atypical compounds, changes in Stroop interference correlated with changes in the NGA. We conclude that typical and atypical antipsychotics differ regarding their effect on prefrontal brain function in schizophrenia, atypical neuroleptics often showing a more favorable impact than conventional antipsychotics on respective parameters.
Ehlis
Ann-Christine
AC
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany. Ehlis_A@klinik.uni-wuerzburg.de
Herrmann
Martin J
MJ
Pauli
Paul
P
Stoeber
Gerald
G
Pfuhlmann
Bruno
B
Fallgatter
Andreas J
AJ
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000145:classification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D013223:Statistics as Topic
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents