title: Serum levels of S-glutathionylated proteins as a risk-marker for arteriosclerosis obliterans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oxidative stress plays a role in the development of chronic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) because under these conditions redox regulation is impaired, inducing the S-glutathionylation of proteins. A method of estimating the levels of S-glutathionylated proteins has been developed using biotinylated glutathione S-transferase, which allows the study of their crucial role in the oxidative stress-related progression of PAD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The serum levels of S-glutathionylated proteins were examined in 41 patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) and 38 age-matched non-ASO patients using biotinylated glutathione S-transferase. The levels were higher in the patients with ASO, even early on, and positively correlated with the ankle/brachial index. In vitro, the levels of S-glutathionylated proteins were reduced in the presence of glutathione and glutaredoxin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum levels of S-glutathionylated proteins are a sensitive risk-marker for ASO at an early stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in Disease, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, and Tagawa Municipal Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kume
authors.forename: Yoshishige
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Urata
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seto
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: Sumihisa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Soji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muroya
authors.forename: Yosihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Yoshito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ihara
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.forename: Takahito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017306:Annexin A2 / Q000097:blood*; D001162:Arteriosclerosis Obliterans / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D024403:Carbonic Anhydrase III / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D024601:Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (NADP+) / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000097:blood*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D017306:Annexin A2; D015415:Biomarkers; D024601:Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (NADP+); D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D024403:Carbonic Anhydrase III; D005978:Glutathione