title: Anterior uveitis: a manifestation of graft-versus-host disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the occurrence of anterior uveitis along with systemic manifestations of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in 3 patients with hematologic malignancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective small case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three patients who underwent HSCT and 4 age- and gender-matched controls for cytokine analysis in ocular fluid.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interventional study of patients who underwent HSCT. Screening for evidence of infectious causes and immunological analysis of ocular fluid samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical features of uveitis and results of aqueous analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anterior uveitis developed during an exacerbation of chronic GVHD in 3 patients after allogeneic HSCT for hematologic malignancies. Patients exhibited no abnormalities on extensive uveitis screening, and in addition, serologic and wide-ranging aqueous analysis showed no evidence of recent infections. We observed signs of inflammation in the ocular fluid in 2 of 3 patients by the determination of different cytokines. No other explanation for uveitis was found except the exacerbation of GVHD. Treatment, both systemic and topical, directed to chronic GVHD induced remission of uveitis in all patients along with amelioration of other signs of GVHD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anterior uveitis occurred in the wake of the acute exacerbation of chronic GVHD after HSCT and may represent an ocular manifestation of chronic GVHD.
authors.affiliation: F. C. Donders Institute of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Y.M.Hettinga@umcutrecht.nl
authors.forename: Ymkje M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Hettinga
authors.forename: Leo F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Verdonck
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fijnheer
authors.forename: Ger T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Rijkers
authors.forename: Aniki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rothova
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000150:complications; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000628:therapy; D020522:Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000150:complications; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014606:Uveitis, Anterior / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D005938:Glucocorticoids