title: The antinociceptive effects of intraplantar injections of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol are mediated by cannabinoid CB2 receptors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) is an endogenous cannabinoid with central antinociceptive properties. Its degradation is catalysed by monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) whose activity is inhibited by URB602, a new synthetic compound. The peripheral antinociceptive effects of 2-AG and URB602 in an inflammatory model of pain are not yet determined. We have evaluated these effects with and without the cannabinoid CB(1) (AM251) and CB(2) (AM630) receptor antagonists.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inflammation was induced in rat hind paws by intraplantar injection of formalin. Nociception was assessed behaviourally over the next 60 min, in 19 experimental groups: (1) control; (2-6) 2-AG (0.01-100 microg); (7) AM251 (80 microg); (8) AM251+2-AG (10 microg); (9) AM630 (25 microg); (10) AM630+2-AG (10 microg); (11-16) URB602 (0.1-500 microg); (17) 2-AG+URB602 (ED(50)); (18) AM251+URB602 (ED(50)); (19) AM630+URB602 (ED(50)). Drugs were injected s.c. in the dorsal surface of the hind paw (50 microl), 15 min before formalin injection into the same paw.
  
  
  RESULTS
  2-AG and URB602 produced dose-dependent antinociceptive effects for the late phases of the formalin test with ED(50) of 0.65+/-0.455 mug and 68+/-14.3 microg, respectively. Their combination at ED(50) doses produced an additive antinociceptive effect. These effects were inhibited by AM630 but not by AM251 for 2-AG and by the two cannabinoid antagonists for URB602.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Locally injected 2-AG and URB602 decreased pain behaviour in a dose-dependent manner in an inflammatory model of pain. The antinociceptive effect of 2-AG was mediated by the CB(2) receptor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guindon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Desroches
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beaulieu
mesh_terms: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005989:Glycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007211:Indoles / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008994:Monoacylglycerol Lipases; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010880:Piperidines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D043885:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005989:Glycerides; D007211:Indoles; D010880:Piperidines; D011720:Pyrazoles; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; D043885:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2; C501835:URB602; C103505:AM 251; C094503:glyceryl 2-arachidonate; D008994:Monoacylglycerol Lipases; C094023:iodopravadoline