title: Normal pituitary volumes in chronic schizophrenia.
abstract: Pituitary volumes were shown to be abnormally large in pre- or first-psychotic episode patients and abnormally reduced in established schizophrenia by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. We present here the results of the second ever published MRI study exploring pituitary size in a large population of patients with chronic schizophrenia recruited from the geographically defined catchment area of South Verona, Italy. No significant differences for pituitary volumes were reported between 65 subjects with chronic schizophrenia and 65 normal individuals (mean age+/-S.D.=42.31+/-11.44 and 40.54+/-11.12 years). In contrast to Pariante et al. (2004), normal pituitary size was found in our population of chronic schizophrenia. Discrepancies between these two studies may partially be accounted by sample age and gender. Considering increased pituitary volumes in pre- or first-psychotic episode patients, we put forward the hypothesis that pituitary size may normalize or reduce with the progression of the illness as a result of reduced numbers of acute episodes and consequent diminished hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activity. To better test this hypothesis, future large MRI studies should investigate pituitary volumes in chronic schizophrenia longitudinally, also collecting pituitary hormones and cortisol, and comparing the effects of typical and atypical antipsychotics on pituitary size in a randomized trial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Public Health, Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Kalliopi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tournikioti
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tansella
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Perlini
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rambaldelli
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cerini
authors.forename: Amelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Versace
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Andreone
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dusi
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balestrieri
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Malagò
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gasparini
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brambilla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007558:Italy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008432:Mathematical Computing; D008875:Middle Aged; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000473:pathology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012016:Reference Values; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013223:Statistics as Topic