title: Utilization of high-security straws for embryo freezing in an in vitro fertilization program: a prospective, randomized study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the outcome of frozen-thawed ET cycles where embryos had been stored in conventional versus ionomeric resin-based, high-security straws (HSSs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Private assisted-reproduction unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and six freeze cycles, and 197 thaw cycles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Day 3 embryos (n = 1,268) were frozen, and 517 were thawed using HSSs. Alternately, day 3 embryos (n = 1,228) were frozen, and 505 were thawed using conventional straws.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cryosurvival, cleavage and morulae formation rates, and clinical pregnancy, implantation, and multiple pregnancy rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although cycle characteristics did not show any differences, the cryosurvival rate was higher in the HSS group (94.7%) than in the conventional straw group (86%), as was the morulae formation rate (58.7% versus 42.7%). Despite a similar number of embryos being transferred, the clinical pregnancy rate (PR) was higher in the HSS group, but the difference lacked statistical significance (42.5% versus 31.2). Implantation rates (19.4% versus 11.4%) and multiple PRs (41.8% versus 16.6%) were significantly higher in the HSS group than in the conventional straw group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-security straws are high effective in human embryo cryopreservation, because they provide higher cryosurvival and implantation rates, as well as a lower risk of cross-contamination compared to conventional straws.
authors.affiliation: Assisted Reproduction Unit, Vehbi Koc Vakfi American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Basak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Balaban
authors.forename: Kayhan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yakin
authors.forename: Aycan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Isiklar
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Urman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate