title: Advantages of combined touch screen technology and text hyperlink for the pathology grossing manual: a simple approach to access instructive information in biohazardous environments.
abstract: Gross examination, encompassing description, dissection, and sampling, is a complex task and an essential component of surgical pathology. Because of the complexity of the task, standardized protocols to guide the gross examination often become a bulky manual that is difficult to use. This problem is further compounded by the high specimen volume and biohazardous nature of the task. As a result, such a manual is often underused, leading to errors that are potentially harmful and time consuming to correct-a common chronic problem affecting many pathology laboratories. To combat this problem, we have developed a simple method that incorporates complex text and graphic information of a typical procedure manual and yet allows easy access to any intended instructive information in the manual. The method uses the Object-Linking-and-Embedding function of Microsoft Word (Microsoft, Redmond, WA) to establish hyperlinks among different contents, and then it uses the touch screen technology to facilitate navigation through the manual on a computer screen installed at the cutting bench with no need for a physical keyboard or a mouse. It takes less than 4 seconds to reach any intended information in the manual by 3 to 4 touches on the screen. A 3-year follow-up study shows that this method has increased use of the manual and has improved the quality of gross examination. The method is simple and can be easily tailored to different formats of instructive information, allowing flexible organization, easy access, and quick navigation. Increased compliance to instructive information reduces errors at the grossing bench and improves work efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA. zhenhong_qu@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Zhenhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Rhonda P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Ghorbani
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: Christina D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Hannah
mesh_terms: D003264:Containment of Biohazards; D019146:Hypermedia; D008370:Manuals as Topic; D010340:Pathology, Surgical / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods*; D014110:Touch; D014584:User-Computer Interface