title: Molecular and cytogenetic paternity testing of a male offspring of a hinny.
abstract: An alleged male foal of a female mule, whose sire and grandparents were unknown, was identified for its pedigree. Parentage testing was conducted by comparing polymorphism of 12 microsatellite DNA sites and mitochondrial D-loop sequences of the male foal and the female mule. Both the sequence analysis of species-specific DNA fragments and a cytogenetic analysis were performed to identify the species of the foal and its parents. The results showed that the alleged female mule is actually a hinny, and the male foal, which possesses 62 chromosomes, qualifies as an offspring of the female hinny and a jack donkey.
authors.affiliation: Equine Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: X H
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ch
authors.initials: Ch
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D018397:Equidae / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006736:Horses / Q000235:genetics; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D010375:Pedigree; D011479:Protamines / Q000235:genetics; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D011479:Protamines