title: [Anonymous STD counselling versus mandatory checks for prostitutes--what is effective in STD prevention?].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  When in 2001 in Germany the new act for control of infectious diseases came into force, mandatory checks for prostitutes were abolished. The consequences of this paradigm shift in STD prevention are being judged controversially even today. The public health department of the city of Cologne, like others, adapted its programme, staff, equipment, and diagnostic procedures to the new requirements. The department for venereal disease control was converted into a walk-in-clinic for STD and now forms part of a comprehensive STD and Aids prevention unit. The present article illustrates the changes by comparing the clients and the STD numbers of the years 1994 and 2004.
  
  
  METHODS
  The following data were compared: number of consultations, number of clients regarding sex, occupation in sex business, health insurance, national or ethnic background, frequency of consultation, number of STD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 1994, almost all clients of the department for venereal disease control were female prostitutes. 74% of them worked in established sex business venues with a high grade of professionalism, few STD cases were diagnosed. In 2004, the STD clinic was open for anybody considered to be at risk and not having access to the regular health care system. Only 49% of the patients were prostitutes, either female or male. 25% of the clients were male. 68% of the patients were migrants, many of them without any legal status and without any access to regular health care. A high number of acute STD and subsequent disorders that required treatment was registered. Besides the STD-related services, a great need for gynaecological and urological differential diagnostics as well as a high demand for counselling and provision of other problems of sexual health were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data show that an STD department providing comprehensive services anonymously and free of charge will reach a broader range of highly vulnerable persons in comparison with an obligatory VD check of prostitutes. The high numbers of STD and STD-related disorders demonstrate the improved effectiveness of the new service.
authors.affiliation: Beratungsstelle zu STD einschliesslich Aids, Gesundheitsamt Köln. heidrun.nitschke@stadt-koeln.de
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nitschke
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ludwig-Diouf
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Knappik
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leidel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D035041:Anonymous Testing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003376:Counseling / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D018580:Mandatory Testing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011477:Sex Work / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome