title: Profiling of CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+CD25+CD45RO+FoxP3+ T cells in patients with malignant glioma reveals differential expression of the immunologic transcriptome compared with T cells from healthy volunteers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Analyses of T-cell mRNA expression profiles in glioblastoma multiforme has not been previously reported but may help to define and characterize the immunosuppressed phenotype in patients with this type of cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We did microarray studies that have shown significant and fundamental differences in the expression profiles of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and immunosuppressive CD4(+)CD25(+)CD45RO(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (T(reg)) from normal healthy volunteers compared with patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. For these investigations, we isolated total RNA from enriched CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell or T(reg) cell populations from age-matched individuals and did microarray analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ANOVA and principal components analysis show that the various T cell compartments exhibit consistently similar mRNA expression profiles among individuals within either healthy or brain tumor groups but reflect significant differences between these groups. Compared with healthy volunteers, CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells from patients with glioblastoma multiforme display coordinate down-regulation of genes involved in T cell receptor ligation, activation, and intracellular signaling. In contrast, T(regs) from patients with glioblastoma multiforme exhibit increased levels of transcripts involved in inhibiting host immunity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings support the notion that key differences between expression profiles in T-cell populations from patients with glioblastoma multiforme results from differential expression of the immunologic transcriptome, such that a limited number of genes are principally important in producing the dysregulated T-cell phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Chris A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Learn
authors.forename: Peter E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Fecci
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Schmittling
authors.forename: Weihua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Isaac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Karikari
authors.forename: Duane A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Gary E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Archer
authors.forename: ZhengZheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dressman
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Sampson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000378:metabolism; D005910:Glioma / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000379:methods; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens