title: Comparison of topical dry eye medications for the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in a botulinum toxin B-induced mouse model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of topical dry eye medications including anti-inflammatory agents and lubricant eyedrops for the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in a botulinum toxin B (BTX-B)-induced mouse model.
  
  
  METHODS
  CBA mice were randomized into 10 groups. The first 5 groups received a transconjunctival injection of saline into the lacrimal gland, and the remaining groups were injected with 0.05 mL of 20 mU BTX-B. Each group received treatment with 0.1% fluorometholone (FML), 0.05% cyclosporine A (CsA), a 50:50 combination of FML and CsA, artificial tears, or saline 3 days after injections. Tear production, corneal staining, and blink rate were compared in each of the 10 groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tear production in BTX-B-injected CsA-treated, FML-treated, and combined-treated groups started to return to baseline level within 2 weeks of treatment, whereas those treated with saline or artificial tears still exhibited reduction of lacrimation up to 4 weeks after injection. Topical FML significantly reversed the staining score within 1 week of treatment. The improvement of corneal staining in BTX-B-challenged combined-treated and CsA-treated groups occurred later within 2 weeks after treatment. No significant improvement in corneal staining was observed for the BTX-B-injected mice treated with artificial tears or saline. No significant changes were noted in blink frequency between the control and study groups undergoing the various dry eye therapies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The therapeutic effects of dry eye medications in a BTX-B-induced mouse model of KCS are similar to the human response.
authors.affiliation: Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Kaevalin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lekhanont
authors.forename: Ilya M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Leyngold
authors.forename: Olan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Suwan-Apichon
authors.forename: Ram
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rangsin
authors.forename: Roy S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Chuck
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D001767:Blinking; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000633:toxicity; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A; D003315:Cornea / Q000378:metabolism; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005469:Fluorometholone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007638:Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; C096323:rimabotulinumtoxinB; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D016572:Cyclosporine; D001905:Botulinum Toxins; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A; D005469:Fluorometholone