title: The level of 2-h post-challenge glucose is an independent risk factor of carotid intima-media thickness progression in Korean type 2 diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between the metabolic abnormalities commonly associated with diabetes and the changes in carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in Korean type 2 diabetic patients who do not have clinically manifest cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective study, a total of 152 type 2 diabetic patients were recruited from a group of outpatients at the Yonsei University Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The carotid IMTs of 152 subjects with type 2 diabetes (mean age 63.5+/-7.0 years) were determined at baseline and after a mean follow-up time of 23.7+/-3.7 months. Fasting plasma glucose, serum total cholesterol (TC), serum triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), HbA1c, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results for 2-h post-challenge glucose (2hPG), and blood pressure measurements were collected every 3 months and averaged.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest quartiles of baseline C-peptide and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index showed more IMT progression than the lowest quartiles. The change in the mean IMT correlated with average values of HbA1c (r=.219, P=.007), the 2-h post-challenge glucose (r=.239, P=.003), HDL-C (r=-.228, P=.005), LDL-C (r=.175, P=.033), and non-HDL-C (r=.194, P=.016). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the independent risk factor for the mean IMT change in diabetic patients was the average 2hPG level (P=.004). The change in the mean IMT of those in the lowest quartile of average 2hPG (<11.1 mmol/l) was 823+/-176 to 841+/-146 microm (P=.276). In the highest quartile (2hPG >15.3 mmol/l), however, the mean IMT increased from 794+/-127 to 882+/-153 microm (P<.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 2hPG parameter among the various metabolic parameters exerts the greatest influence upon the prevention of carotid IMT progression in type 2 diabetic subjects. The level of 2hPG is an independent risk factor for the progression of carotid IMT in Korean type 2 diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Koyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeong-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chul-Woo
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Eun-Seok
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Sung-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Myoung
authors.forename: Bong-Soo
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Young-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: Sung-Kil
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Kyung-Rae
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kap-Bum
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.forename: Hyun-Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins