title: Water penetration into protein secondary structure revealed by hydrogen-deuterium exchange two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy.
abstract: Two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy in conjunction with hydrogen-deuterium exchange experiments provides detailed information about solvent penetration into protein structure. Correlating the secondary-structure sensitivity of the amide I vibration and the solvent-exposure sensitivity of amide II provides a direct probe of solvent-inaccessible residues of proteins embedded in the hydrophobic core or those involved in strong hydrogen bonds in secondary structures. Distinct spectral signatures of the cross-peak region arising from the coupling of the amide I and II modes imply a significant degree of structural stability of hydrogen-bonded contacts in alpha-helices and beta-sheets in a series of proteins. Ubiquitin, an alpha/beta-protein, exhibits strong alpha-helical signatures and lacks those of the beta-sheet in the cross-peak region, demonstrating that ubiquitin's beta-sheet exchanges protons with the surrounding solvent and is conformationally unstable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: DeFlores
authors.forename: Andrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tokmakoff
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000737:chemistry; D041961:Deuterium Exchange Measurement; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D017510:Protein Folding; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods; D014732:Vibration; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D011506:Proteins; D014867:Water