title: Combination of donor-specific blood transfusion with anti-CD28 antibody synergizes to prolong graft survival in rat liver transplantation.
abstract: Donor-specific blood transfusion (DST) has been shown to effectively induce tolerance to certain allografts. In addition, it is well known that blockade of costimulatory signals reduces the ability of T cells to respond to alloantigens, prolonging allograft survival in some transplant models. We assessed the effects of single or multiple DSTs in the absence or presence of anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) on graft function and host survival in rat liver transplantation (LTx). Fully MHC-mismatched adult male Dark Agouti (DA) and Lewis (LEW) rats were used as donors and recipients, respectively. Heparinized DA blood was administered to naïve LEW rats 7 days before LTx [DST(-7d)], 14 and 7 days before LTx [DST(1 x 2)], twice a week for 2 weeks prior to LTx [DST(2 x 2)] and once a week for 4 weeks prior to LTx [DST(1 x 4)]. For some experiments, two different monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to rat CD28 (JJ316 and JJ319) were administered in combination with some DST treatments. We found that DST administration induced a time- and dose-dependent increase in host survival. Treatment of LEW rats with JJ316 or JJ319 mAb alone failed to prolong graft survival over untreated rats; however, the combination of DST(1 x 2) with JJ316 or JJ319 mAb induced indefinite survival at 100 days following surgery. We found that this protective effect was associated with increased numbers of splenic CD4+ CD45RC- but not CD4+ CD25+ foxp3+ T-cells in long-term survivors. Our data suggest that the combination of suboptimal DST with CD28 mAb induces donor-specific tolerance that correlates with enhanced numbers of regulatory T-cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130, USA. hurakami@xf7.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Urakami
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Ostanin
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hünig
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Grisham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000276:immunology*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014019:Tissue Donors
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018106:CD28 Antigens