title: Incidence and breed predilection for dystocia and risk factors for cesarean section in a Swedish population of insured dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the incidence and breed predilection for canine dystocia using data from insurance claims. The risk factors for cesarean section (CS) were assessed for bitches with dystocia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, longitudinal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Insurance claims records (1995-2002) from a Swedish animal insurance database (Agria), including approximately 200,000 bitches.
  
  
  METHODS
  The overall incidence rate of dystocia in insured bitches was calculated by dividing the number of reimbursed dystocia claims with the number of dog years at risk. Subsequently, incidence rates were stratified by breed, region, and habitat. The proportion of bitches with a dystocia claim that had CS were calculated, and risk factors for CS were assessed using a logistic regression model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1995 and 2002, 3894 (2%) of 195,931 Swedish bitches included in the study had a reimbursed insurance claim for dystocia. The overall incidence rate of dystocia was 5.7 cases/ 1000 dog years at risk. Some breeds like the Scottish terrier were at increased risk of dystocia. Among bitches with dystocia, 63.8% were treated by CS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dystocia in the bitch is more common than reported earlier. The risk of developing dystocia varies by breed, and a high percentage (63.8%) of affected bitches undergo CS. Clinical Relevance- Breeders and veterinarians could use this information to better predict which bitches are likely to experience dystocia and/or CS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7037, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. Annika.Bergstrom@kirmed.slu.se
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergström
authors.forename: Ane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nødtvedt
authors.forename: Anne-Sofie
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lagerstedt
authors.forename: Agneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Egenvall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D004285:Dogs; D004420:Dystocia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D007341:Insurance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D010375:Pedigree; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology