title: Dietary supplementation with chickpeas for at least 5 weeks results in small but significant reductions in serum total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterols in adult women and men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of a chickpea-supplemented diet and those of a wheat-supplemented diet on human serum lipids and lipoproteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven free-living adults participated in a randomized crossover weight maintenance dietary intervention involving two dietary periods, chickpea-supplemented and wheat-supplemented diets, each of at least 5 weeks duration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly lower (both p < 0.01) by 3.9 and 4.6%, respectively, after the chickpea-supplemented diet as compared with the wheat-supplemented diet. Protein (0.9% of energy, p = 0.01) and monounsaturated fat (3.3% of total fat, p < 0.001) intakes were slightly but significantly lower and the carbohydrate intake significantly higher (1.7% of energy, p < 0.001) on the chickpea-supplemented diet as compared with the wheat-supplemented diet. Multivariate analyses suggested that the differences in serum lipids were mainly due to small differences in polyunsaturated fatty acid and dietary fibre contents between the two intervention diets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inclusion of chickpeas in an intervention diet results in lower serum total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels as compared with a wheat-supplemented diet.
authors.affiliation: School of Human Life Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tas., Australia.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Pittaway
authors.forename: K D K
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Ahuja
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cehun
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chronopoulos
authors.forename: I K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Nestel
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ball
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D029863:Cicer; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000517:prevention & control; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013648:Tasmania; D013997:Time Factors; D014908:Triticum; D014739:Victoria
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008055:Lipids; D002784:Cholesterol