Mechanisms of vascular calcification.
Vascular calcification is highly prevalent and correlated with high rates of cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease patients. Recent evidence suggests that mineral, hormonal, and metabolic imbalances that promote phenotype change in vascular cells as well as deficiencies in specific mineralization inhibitory pathways may be important contributory factors for vascular calcification in these patients. This article reviews current mechanisms proposed for the regulation of vascular calcification and data supporting their potential contribution to this process in chronic kidney disease.
El-Abbadi
Mohga
M
Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, WA. USA.
Giachelli
Cecilia M
CM
D000818:Animals; D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000494:pharmacology; D060749:alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein; D000097568:Matrix Gla Protein
D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents; D001798:Blood Proteins; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010710:Phosphates; D014807:Vitamin D; D014812:Vitamin K; D060749:alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein; D000097568:Matrix Gla Protein; C556354:AHSG protein, human; C556357:Ahsg protein, mouse