title: Clostridium saccharogumia sp. nov. and Lactonifactor longoviformis gen. nov., sp. nov., two novel human faecal bacteria involved in the conversion of the dietary phytoestrogen secoisolariciresinol diglucoside.
abstract: Two anaerobic bacteria involved in the conversion of the plant lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside were isolated from faeces of a healthy male adult. The first isolate, strain SDG-Mt85-3Db, was a mesophilic strictly anaerobic Gram-positive helically coiled rod. Based on 16S r RNA gene sequence analysis, its nearest relatives were Clostridium cocleatum (96.7% similarity) and Clostridium ramosum (96.6%). In contrast to these species, the isolate was devoid of alpha-galactosidase and -glucosidase and did not grow on maltose, melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose and trehalose. The hypothesis that strain SDG-Mt85-3Db represents a new bacterial species of the Clostridium cluster XVIII was confirmed by DNA-DNA hybridisation experiments. The G+C content of DNA of strain SDG-Mt85-3Db (30.7+/-0.8 mol%) was comparable with that of Clostridium butyricum, the type species of the genus Clostridium. The name Clostridium saccharogumia is proposed for strain SDG-Mt85-3Db (=DSM 17460T=CCUG 51486T). The second isolate, strain ED-Mt61/PYG-s6, was a mesophilic strictly anaerobic Gram-positive regular rod. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, its nearest relatives were Clostridium amygdalinum (93.3%), Clostridium saccharolyticum (93.1%) and Ruminococcus productus (93.0%). The isolate differed from these species in its ability to dehydrogenate enterodiol. It also possessed alpha-arabinosidase and -galactosidase and had a higher G+C content of DNA (48.0 mol%). According to these findings, it is proposed to create a novel genus, Lactonifactor, and a novel species, Lactonifactor longoviformis, to accommodate strain ED-Mt61/PYG-s6. The type strain is DSM 17459T (=CCUG 51487T).
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 155, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Clavel
authors.forename: Ramona
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lippman
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gavini
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Doré
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blaut
mesh_terms: D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D001482:Base Composition; D002072:Butylene Glycols / Q000378:metabolism*; D003013:Clostridium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D003106:Colon / Q000382:microbiology; D003470:Culture Media; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005838:Genotype; D005960:Glucosides / Q000378:metabolism*; D016987:Gram-Positive Rods / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D017705:Lignans / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D048789:Phytoestrogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002072:Butylene Glycols; D003470:Culture Media; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005960:Glucosides; D017705:Lignans; D048789:Phytoestrogens; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D004247:DNA; D015107:4-Butyrolactone; C090142:secoisolariciresinol diglucoside; C029497:2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone