title: Endogenous serotonin excites striatal cholinergic interneurons via the activation of 5-HT 2C, 5-HT6, and 5-HT7 serotonin receptors: implications for extrapyramidal side effects of serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
abstract: The striatum is richly innervated by serotonergic afferents from the raphe nucleus. We explored the effects of this input on striatal cholinergic interneurons from rat brain slices, by means of both conventional intracellular and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. Bath-applied serotonin (5-HT, 3-300 microM), induced a dose-dependent membrane depolarization and increased the rate of spiking. This effect was mimicked by the 5-HT reuptake blockers citalopram and fluvoxamine. In voltage-clamped neurons, 5-HT induced an inward current, whose reversal potential was close to the K(+) equilibrium potential. Accordingly, the involvement of K(+) channels was confirmed either by increasing extracellular K(+) concentration and by blockade of K(+) channels with barium. Single-cell reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) profiling demonstrated the presence of 5-HT2C, 5-HT6, and 5-HT7 receptor mRNAs in identified cholinergic interneurons. The depolarization/inward current induced by 5-HT was partially mimicked by the 5-HT2 receptor agonist 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine and antagonized by both ketanserin and the selective 5-HT2C antagonist RS102221, whereas the selective 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptor antagonists tropisetron and RS23597-190 had no effect. The depolarizing response to 5-HT was also reduced by the selective 5-HT6 and 5-HT7 receptor antagonists SB258585 and SB269970, respectively, and mimicked by the 5-HT7 agonist, 5-CT. Accordingly, activation of either 5-HT6 or 5-HT7 receptor induced an inward current. The 5-HT response was attenuated by U73122, blocker of phospholipase C, and by SQ22,536, an inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase. These results suggest that 5-HT released by serotonergic fibers originating in the raphe nuclei has a potent excitatory effect on striatal cholinergic interneurons.
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Santa Lucia I.R.C.C.S., European Brain Research Institute, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bonsi
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cuomo
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sciamanna
authors.forename: Sasha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tscherter
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bernardi
authors.forename: D James
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Surmeier
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pisani
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000166:cytology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007395:Interneurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000494:pharmacology; D018490:Serotonin Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin; D018490:Serotonin Agents; D012701:Serotonin; D000109:Acetylcholine