Risk factors for new-onset diabetes mellitus following liver transplantation and impact of hepatitis C infection : an observational multicenter study.
New-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) remains a common complication of liver transplantation (LT). We studied incidence and risk factors in 211 French patients who had undergone a primary LT between 6 and 24 months previously. This is a cross-sectional and retrospective multicenter study. Data were collected on consecutive patients at a single routine post-LT consultation. Demographic details, immunosuppressive regimens, familial and personal histories, hepatitis status, and cardiovascular risk were analyzed to compare those who developed NODM (American Diabetes Association/World Health Organization criteria) with the others. The overall incidence of NODM was 22.7%: 24% in tacrolimus (Tac)-treated patients (n = 175; 82.9%) and 16.7% in cyclosporine-treated patients (n = 36; 17.1%). A total of 81% of the cases were diagnosed within 3 months of LT (M3). Among hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected (HCV(+)) patients, NODM incidence was 41.7% whereas among those patients negative for this virus (HCV(-)), the incidence was only 18.9% (P = 0.008). In Tac-treated patients, the incidence of NODM in the HCV(+) patients was significantly higher than in the HCV(-) patients (46.7% and 19.3%, respectively, P = 0.0014). Only 1 of 6 (16.7%) of the HCV(+) patients developed NODM on cyclosporine. Other independent pretransplantation risk factors for NODM included impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and a maximum lifetime body-mass index (BMI) over 25 kg/m2. In conclusion, emergence of NODM after LT is related to risk factors that can be detected prior to the graft, like maximum lifetime BMI, IFG, and HCV status. Tac induced a significantly higher incidence of NODM in the HCV(+) compared to the HCV(-) patients. The treatment should therefore be tailored to the patient's risk especially in case of HCV infection.
Saliba
Faouzi
F
Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Centre hépato-biliaire, Villejuif, France. faouzi.saliba@pbr.ap-hop-paris.fr
Lakehal
Mohamed
M
Pageaux
Georges-Philippe
GP
Roche
Bruno
B
Vanlemmens
Claire
C
Duvoux
Christophe
C
Dumortier
Jérôme
J
Salamé
Ephrem
E
Calmus
Yvon
Y
Maugendre
Didier
D
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use
D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D005947:Glucose; D016559:Tacrolimus