title: Implementation of a map in radical prostatectomy specimen allows visual estimation of tumor volume.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tumor volume is one of the best documented prognostic factors for prostate cancer. There are several methods to gain this important parameter but unfortunately most of the clinicians in the world do not get this information in their routine practice from the pathologist. We developed a standardized method to handle radical prostatectomy specimens including a special form of mapping in order to document relevant morphological data. The aim of this study was to investigate if our model of mapping prostate cancer, which we use in routine practice, may serve for visual estimation of tumor volume.
  
  
  METHODS
  We estimated the tumor volume of prostate cancer by visual estimation of 350 maps of radical prostatectomy specimens and correlated these data with established prognostic parameters and clinical outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant correlations between tumor volumes, as obtained from our mapping, and known prognostic parameters such as preoperative serum levels of prostatic specific antigen, loss of differentiation, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, and margins were found. In a multivariate analysis, only Gleason score and tumor stage were shown to be independent prognostic parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrate that mapping of prostate cancer is more than a simple method of documentation but may serve as a method for visual estimation of tumor volume of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. This method can further be used for a visual documentation of the tumor stage independent of changes in the TNM classification. The method is inexpensive and practicable and can therefore be applied in routine surgical pathology.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, University of Münster, Domagkstrasse 17, 48149 Münster, Germany. o_bettendorf@web.de
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bettendorf
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oberpenning
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Köpke
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heinecke
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hertle
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Boecker
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Semjonow
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D047368:Tumor Burden