title: Risk stratification for patients undergoing nonurgent percutaneous coronary intervention using N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide: a Clopidogrel for the Reduction of Events During Observation (CREDO) substudy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The utility of N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) measurement as a prognostic marker during nonurgent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been suggested in several studies. The comparative prognostic values between NT-proBNP levels and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in the nonurgent PCI setting are unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  CREDO was a double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial comparing 2 clopidogrel regimens before and after nonurgent PCI. Baseline NT-proBNP levels and LVEF were measured in 1468 subjects using the Roche Elecsys proBNP assay (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN), and the 1-year combined end point of death/myocardial infarction (MI)/stroke was analyzed according to NT-proBNP quartiles in impaired and preserved LVEF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this patient cohort (mean age 61.6 +/- 10 years, 22% with LVEF < 50%), the median NT-proBNP level was 131 pg/mL. Increasing quartiles of NT-proBNP were associated with a higher rate of death, MI, and the combined end point (but not stroke) at 1 year, including those with LVEF > or = 50% (P < .001 for trend). This prognostic power for death and MI remained robust even when adjusted for other clinical or biochemical markers including cardiac troponin, creatinine clearance, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hazard ratio 1.249, P = .006). Despite its robust prognostic value, baseline NT-proBNP levels did not identify patients with enhanced benefit from pre-procedural and prolonged clopidogrel therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients undergoing a nonurgent PCI, NT-proBNP levels may provide important prognostic value for death and MI, even in patients with preserved cardiac function, However, NT-proBNP levels were unable to identify patients with enhanced benefit from pre-procedural and prolonged clopidogrel therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. tangw@ccf.org
authors.forename: W H Wilson
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Steinhubl
authors.forename: Frederick
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Van Lente
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McErlean
authors.forename: Anjli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maroo
authors.forename: Gary S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Topol
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011379:Prognosis; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013318:Stroke Volume; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; C109794:pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76); D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D013988:Ticlopidine