Efficacy of maropitant for treatment and prevention of emesis caused by intravenous infusion of cisplatin in dogs.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of maropitant, a novel neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, to treat and prevent emesis caused by IV infusion of a chemotherapeutic dose of cisplatin (70 mg/m(2)) in dogs.


METHODS
64 healthy 6-month-old Beagles (32 males and 32 females).


METHODS
To evaluate the effect of maropitant on ongoing emesis, 24 dogs were randomized to 2 treatment groups (12 dogs each). Saline (0.9% NaCl) solution or maropitant (1 mg/kg) was administered once by SC injection immediately following the first emetic event after cisplatin infusion. Dogs were assessed for emesis for 6 hours after initiation of cisplatin infusion. To evaluate the use of maropitant for the prevention of emesis, 40 dogs were randomized to 4 treatment groups (10 dogs each). Placebo or maropitant (1, 2, or 3 mg/kg) was administered PO as a tablet. Cisplatin infusion was initiated at 19 hours after treatment, and dogs were assessed for emesis for 6 hours.


RESULTS
No treatment-related adverse events were observed in either study. For the treatment of ongoing emesis, significantly fewer emetic events were observed for maropitant-treated dogs, compared with placebo-treated dogs (mean, 5.2 vs 15.8), and the mean time to cessation of emesis was significantly shorter (0.65 vs 1.65 hours). In the prevention of emesis, maropitant-treated dogs had significantly fewer emetic events (means, 2.7, 1.1, and 0.5 for maropitant at 1, 2, and 3 mg/kg, respectively), compared with placebo-treated dogs (mean, 20.3).


CONCLUSIONS
Results suggest that maropitant is safe and effective in the treatment and prevention of cisplatin-induced emesis in dogs.
de la Puente-Redondo
Victor A
VA
Veterinary Medicine Research & Development, Pfizer Ltd, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, UK.
Tilt
Nicola
N
Rowan
Tim G
TG
Clemence
Rick G
RG
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008297:Male; D064729:Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; D011812:Quinuclidines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*
D000932:Antiemetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D064729:Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; D011812:Quinuclidines; C518176:maropitant; D002945:Cisplatin