title: Extrastriatal D2 and striatal D2 receptors in depressive illness: pilot PET studies using [11C]FLB 457 and [11C]raclopride.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reduced dopaminergic function may occur in depressive disorders. In this paper the results of two pilot studies examining different aspects of the dopamine system in depression are presented. First, the binding of [(11)C]FLB 457 to extrastriatal D(2) receptors was measured in a group of depressed patients. Second, the hypothesis that selective serotonin reuptake inhibiting (SSRI) antidepressants affect the striatal binding of [(11)C]raclopride was tested.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the first study the binding of [(11)C]FLB 457 was compared between 7 people with depression and 7 healthy controls. In the second study the binding of [(11)C]raclopride to striatal D(2/3) receptors was compared between 8 people taking SSRI antidepressant medication and 8 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in the binding of [(11)C]FLB 457 between the two groups. [(11)C]raclopride binding was reduced in the dorsal striatum of people taking antidepressants suggesting either that D(2/3) expression was reduced, or that dopamine release was increased, compared to untreated controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The depressed patients were not severely depressed and were not matched for gender with controls. In the raclopride group the patients and controls were not matched by gender and were taking different SSRI antidepressants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found no support for the hypothesis that dopamine D(2) receptor expression is altered in extrastriatal brain regions in depression. SSRI antidepressants were associated with reduced [(11)C]raclopride binding in the dorsal striatum supporting the hypothesis that therapeutic effects of such drugs may, in part, be due to changes in the dopamine system.
authors.affiliation: CSC-MRC Cyclotron Unit, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, DuCane Rd., London, W12 0NN, UK. andrew.montgomery@ic.ac.uk
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stokes
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Grasby
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D010865:Pilot Projects; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D020891:Raclopride; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012457:Salicylamides; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D020891:Raclopride; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D012457:Salicylamides; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; C065065:FLB 457