[Physiopathological mechanisms of abomasal Trichostrongylidae infections in small ruminants].
Abomasal Trichostrongylidae infections are still today an important cause of scarce performances in small ruminants, mainly when bred in extensive systems. Although morpho-biology, symptomatology, prophylaxis and therapy of these infections are well known, other, such as physiopathology, are less investigated. The aim of the present note is to review the more important physiopathogenetic mechanisms of abomasal Trichostrongylidae infections, with special emphasis to Haemonchus spp. and Teladorsagia spp. The parasitic anorexia due to the action of gastrin, the defects of digestion due to hypocloridia, the scarce intestinal absorption and anaemia caused by H. contortus are discussed. Furthermore, the effects of hypersensitivity sometimes caused by these abomasal nematodes are examined. A better knowledge of physiopathological mechanisms can represent an important factor to understand the relationships between host and parasite, useful to set up new diagnostic techniques or new therapeutic and prophylactic protocols for sanitary education and control plans of these important and widespread parasitic infections.
Scala
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Department of Animal Biology, Section of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Sassari, Italy. scala@uniss.it
D000018:Abomasum / Q000469:parasitology*; D000743:Anemia, Hemolytic / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D000855:Anorexia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D005755:Gastrins / Q000378:metabolism; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006041:Goats / Q000469:parasitology; D006188:Haemonchiasis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary; D006189:Haemonchus / Q000502:physiology; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D034141:Hypoalbuminemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D012756:Sheep / Q000469:parasitology; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000469:parasitology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D014251:Trichostrongyloidea / Q000502:physiology*; D014252:Trichostrongyloidiasis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*
D005755:Gastrins