title: A D2 antagonist enhances the rewarding and priming effects of a gambling episode in pathological gamblers.
abstract: Previous research indicated shared neurochemical substrates for gambling and psychostimulant reward. This suggests that dopamine substrates may directly govern the reinforcement process in pathological gambling. To investigate this issue, the present study assessed the effects of the relatively selective dopamine D2 antagonist, haloperidol (3 mg, oral) on responses to actual gambling (15 min on a slot machine) in 20 non-comorbid pathological gamblers and 18 non-gambler controls in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, counterbalanced design. In gamblers, haloperidol significantly increased self-reported rewarding effects of gambling, post-game priming of desire to gamble, facilitation of reading speed to Gambling words, and gambling-induced elevation in blood pressure. In controls, haloperidol augmented gambling-induced elevation in blood pressure, but had no effect on other indices. The findings provide direct experimental evidence that the D2 substrate modulates gambling reinforcement in pathological gamblers.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroscience Section, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada. martin_zack@camh.net
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zack
authors.forename: Constantine X
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Poulos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000523:psychology*; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D012201:Reward; D012660:Semantics
chemical_list: D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D006220:Haloperidol