title: Theanaphthoquinone inhibits fatty acid synthase expression in EGF-stimulated human breast cancer cells via the regulation of EGFR/ErbB-2 signaling.
abstract: Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is a major lipogenic enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of long-chain saturated fatty acids. Most breast cancers require lipogenesis for growth. Here, we demonstrated the effects of theanaphthoquinone (TNQ), a member of the thearubigins generated by the oxidation of theaflavin (TF-1), on the expression of FAS in human breast cancer cells. TNQ was found to suppress the EGF-induced expression of FAS mRNA and FAS protein in MDA-MB-231 cells. Expression of FAS has previously been shown to be regulated by the SREBP family of transcription factors. In this study, we demonstrated that the EGF-induced nuclear translocation of SREBP-1 was blocked by TNQ. Moreover, TNQ also modulated EGF-induced ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation. Treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with PI 3-kinase inhibitors, LY294002 and Wortmannin, inhibited the EGF-induced expression of FAS and nuclear translocation of SREBP-1. Treatment with TNQ inhibited EGF-induced EGFR/ErbB-2 phosphorylation and dimerization. Furthermore, treatment with kinase inhibitors of EGFR and ErbB-2 suggested that EGFR/ErbB-2 activation was involved in EGF-induced FAS expression. In constitutive FAS expression, TNQ inhibited FAS expression and Akt autophosphorylation in BT-474 cells. The PI 3-kinase inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors of EGFR and ErbB-2 also reduced constitutive FAS expression. In addition, pharmacological blockade of FAS by TNQ decreased cell viability and induced cell death in BT-474 cells. In summary, our findings suggest that TNQ modulates FAS expression by the regulation of EGFR/ErbB-2 pathways and induces cell death in breast cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 10018, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Meng-Shih
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Chi-Tang
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Yuan-Soon
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Jen-Kun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018734:Genes, erbB-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D009285:Naphthoquinones; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D019014:fas Receptor; C503232:theanaphthoquinone; D014443:Tyrosine; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt