title: Long-term behavioral consequences of soman poisoning in mice.
abstract: We investigated the long-term (up to 90 days) consequences of soman intoxication in mice on weight, motor performances (grip strength, rotarod) and mnemonic cognitive processes (T-maze, Morris water maze test). First, a relative weight loss of 20%, measured 3 days after intoxication, was evidenced as a threshold beyond which neuropathological damage was observed in the hippocampus. Animals were then distributed into either low weight loss (LWL) or high weight loss (HWL) groups according to the relative 20% weight loss threshold. Compared to controls, both groups of poisoned mice quickly exhibited a decrease in their motor performance subsequent to an acute soman toxicity phase. Then, total motor recovery occurred for the LWL group. Comparatively, HWL mice showed only transient recovery prior to a second decrease phase due to soman-induced delayed toxicity. One month after intoxication, mnemonic cognitive performances of the LWL group were similar to controls while the HWL group did not exhibit any learning skill. Three months after poisoning, compared to controls, the LWL group showed similar mnemonic performances in the maze test but a mild deficit in the Morris water maze task. At the same time, learning skills slightly recovered in the HWL group. Mnemonic cognitive data are discussed in relation to the neuropathology, neurogenesis and sprouting occurring in the hippocampus of soman-intoxicated animals.
authors.affiliation: Département de Toxicologie, Centre de Recherches du Service de Santé des Armées Emile Pardé, 24 Avenue des Maquis du Grésivaudan, B.P. 87, 38702 La Tronche Cedex, France. pierrefilliat@crssa.net
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Filliat
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coubard
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pierard
authors.forename: Pierrette
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liscia
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Beracochea
authors.forename: Elise
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Four
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baubichon
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Masqueliez
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lallement
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Collombet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents / Q000506:poisoning*; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000187:drug effects; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D012999:Soman / Q000506:poisoning*
chemical_list: D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents; D012999:Soman