Nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
Nonmotor symptoms occur commonly in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and are frequently under-recognized and undertreated. Symptoms include sleep abnormalities, fatigue, autonomic disturbances, mood disorders and cognitive dysfunction. Early recognition and treatment of nonmotor symptoms in PD is critical to providing optimal management. A new screening questionnaire and the revised Unified PD Rating Scale should assist healthcare providers to better identify and evaluate these symptoms. This article reviews the identification and treatment of nonmotor symptoms in PD.
Zesiewicz
Theresa A
TA
Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center and Department of Neurology, University of South Florida,12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, MDC Box 55, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. tzesiewi@health.usf.edu
Sullivan
Kelly L
KL
Hauser
Robert A
RA
D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires