title: A cross-cultural analysis of dignified dying.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the characteristics of dignified dying and other terminology nurses used to describe this phenomenon in Ethiopia, India, Kenya, and the United States (US).
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional descriptive survey with a convenience sample of nurses who cared for dying patients in Ethiopia (n=14), India (n=229), Kenya (n=36), and the US (n=281). Data were collected between 2002 and 2004.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nurses were recruited to complete the ICNP Dignified Dying survey, which consists of demographic information, 2 open-ended questions, and 14 questions about characteristics of dignified dying.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 14 characteristics on the dignified dying scale reliably measured dignified dying, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of .91. All characteristics were rated as representative of dignified dying, with content validity scores ranging from .62 to .77. Factor analysis yielded a two-factor solution, which accounted for 53% of the variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings of this study contribute to the ongoing development of the International Classification of Nursing Practice (ICNP) regarding the nursing phenomenon of dignified dying. The ICNP a unified nursing language system, is used to promote and facilitate scholarly exchange among nurses across countries.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. doorenbo@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Ardith Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Doorenbos
authors.forename: Sarah A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coenen
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel / Q000208:ethnology*; D001293:Attitude to Death / Q000208:ethnology*; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D012297:Right to Die; D013727:Terminal Care; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014481:United States