Effects of Anemarrhena asphodeloides on focal ischemic brain injury induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.
The preventive effect of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge (Liliaceae), a traditional Chinese medicine, on ischemia-reperfusion-induced brain injury was evaluated in the rat brain. Ischemia was induced by intraluminal occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery for 2 h and reperfusion was continued for 22 h. Water extract of Anemarrhena asphodeloides (WEAA) was orally administered promptly prior to and 2 h after reperfusion. Total infarct volume and edema in the ipsilateral hemispheres of ischemia-reperfusion rats were significantly reduced by treatment with WEAA in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). The therapeutic time window of WEAA was 3 h in this ischemia-reperfusion rat model. WEAA also significantly inhibited increased neutrophil infiltration of ischemic brain tissue as estimated by myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and immunohistochemical analysis. MPO-positive cells were markedly reduced by WEAA administration in striatal and cortical areas. These findings suggest that WEAA plays a crucial protective role in ischemia-induced brain injury, and suggest that WEAA could serve as a lead medicinal herb for the development of neuroprotective agents following transient focal ischemic brain injury.
Oh
Jin Kyung
JK
Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
Hyun
Seung Ye
SY
Oh
Hye Rim
HR
Jung
Ji Wook
JW
Park
Chan
C
Lee
Sun-Young
SY
Park
Ji Ho
JH
Kim
Sun Yeou
SY
Kim
Ki Hoon
KH
Kim
Young Kyun
YK
Ryu
Jong Hoon
JH
D031403:Anemarrhena; D000818:Animals; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006834:Hydrazines / Q000737:chemistry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000150:complications*; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000187:drug effects; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010851:Picrates; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D027343:Rhizome; D012503:Saponins / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000032:analysis
D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D006834:Hydrazines; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010851:Picrates; D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes; C073427:anemarsaponin B; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D009195:Peroxidase