Cancer immunotherapy using virally transduced dendritic cells: animal studies and human clinical trials.
The immune system uses a process known as 'immunosurveillance' to help prevent the outgrowth of tumors. In cancer immunotherapy, a major goal is for immunity against tumor-associated antigens to be generated or strengthened in patients. To achieve this goal, several approaches have been tested, including the use of highly potent antigen-presenting cells called dendritic cells (DCs), which can activate T cells efficiently. Presentation of peptides derived from tumor antigens on the surface of DCs can stimulate strong antitumor immunity. Using recombinant viral vectors encoding tumor-associated antigens, DCs can be engineered efficiently to express sustained levels of tumor-antigen peptides. This review discusses the effectiveness of virally transduced DCs in treating tumors and generating antigen-specific T-cell responses. It covers mouse and nonhuman primate studies, preclinical in vitro human cell experiments and clinical trials.
Mossoba
Miriam E
ME
Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 67 College Street, Room 426, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2MI, Canada. mmossoba@uhnres.utoronto.ca
Medin
Jeffrey A
JA
D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation*; D000229:Dependovirus / Q000235:genetics; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000639:trends; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D011212:Poxviridae / Q000235:genetics; D011323:Primates; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D014161:Transduction, Genetic
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines