title: Cost-effectiveness analyses and modelling the lifetime costs and benefits of health-behaviour interventions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We describe an approach to estimating the cost-effectiveness of an intervention that changes health behaviour. The method captures the lifetime costs and benefits incurred by participants in an ongoing cluster-randomized controlled trial of an intervention that aims to change health behaviour. The existing literature only captures short-term economic and health outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We develop a state-transition Markov model of how individuals move between different health behaviour states over time. We simulate hypothetical data to describe the costs and health benefits of the intervention, illustrate how the data collected in the ongoing randomized controlled trial can be used and demonstrate how incremental cost-effectiveness ratios are estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the basis of the simulated (i.e. hypothetical) data, we estimate the cost per quality-adjusted life year. The estimate reflects the lifetime health and economic consequences of the intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The method used for the cost-effectiveness analysis described in this paper is appropriate for investigating whether interventions that change health behaviour in relation to chronic diseases represent good value for money as compared to alternative uses of scarce healthcare resources.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, QLD 4059, Australia. n.graves@qut.edu.au
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Graves
authors.forename: Loretta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McKinnon
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scuffham
authors.forename: Louisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eakin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003663:Decision Trees; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008390:Markov Chains; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D011793:Queensland; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic