Translating research findings on early experience to prevention: animal and human evidence on early attachment relationships.
Recent studies provide a wealth of findings on the mechanisms by which early stress exposure, particularly within the early child-parent attachment relationship, may influence long-term adaptation. Translating these findings to clinical practice and social policy is now underway. In this review, some key considerations in this translational task are examined, specifically, the conceptual bases underlying the research designs, the putative mechanisms involved, and the degree to which currently available findings might shape interventions. Although the primary focus is on depression, a broader range of phenotypes associated with poor early caregiving environments is also considered.
O'Connor
Thomas G
TG
Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, USA. Tom_OConnor@URMC.Rochester.edu
Cameron
Judy L
JL
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009769:Object Attachment; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D011323:Primates; D011610:Psychosocial Deprivation; D013315:Stress, Psychological