title: Measurement of fish steroids in water--a review.
abstract: Measurement of fish steroids in water provides a non-invasive alternative to measurement in blood samples, offering the following advantages: zero or minimal intervention (i.e. no anaesthetic, bleeding or handling stress); results not being biased by sampling stress; repeat measurements on the same fish; the possibility of making non-lethal measurements on small and/or rare fish; integrating the response of many (or of single) fish; and allowing concurrent monitoring of behaviour or physiology. The procedure is relatively new and, although applications are still fairly limited, there are several themes and potential problem areas that are worthy of review.
authors.affiliation: The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK. A.P.Scott@cefas.co.uk
authors.forename: Alexander P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004355:Drug Stability; D005399:Fishes / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D012107:Research Design; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013256:Steroids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D013256:Steroids; D014867:Water