title: The efficacy and tolerability of quetiapine versus divalproex for the treatment of impulsivity and reactive aggression in adolescents with co-occurring bipolar disorder and disruptive behavior disorder(s).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of quetiapine and divalproex for the treatment of impulsivity and reactive aggression in adolescents with co-occurring bipolar disorder and disruptive behavior disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were included in this post hoc analysis if they scored > or = 14 on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Excited Component (EC) and > or = 4 on at least one of the PANSS EC items, had a current diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, manic or mixed episode, and had a lifetime and/or current diagnosis of a disruptive behavioral disorder (DBD) [conduct disorder (CD) or oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)]. Thirty-three (92%) of the 36 subjects with bipolar disorder and DBD met the PANSS EC inclusion criteria. These thirty-three adolescents were randomized to quetiapine (400-600 mg/day) or divalproex (serum level 80-120 microg/mL) for 28 days in this double-blinded study. The primary efficacy measure was change in PANSS Excited Component (EC) score over the study period and at each time point.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated statistically significant within-treatment-group effects for divalproex (baseline = 20.6, end point = 13.3, p < 0.0001) and quetiapine (baseline = 18.8, end point = 10.8, p < 0.0001) for the PANSS EC. There were no statistically significant treatment group differences in PANSS EC changes from baseline to end point scores (p = 0.7, d = 0.14). Mixed regression analyses (comparison of slopes, DAY*TREATMENT) revealed that there was no significant difference in the rate of improvement in the PANSS EC scores between the two treatment groups [F(1,31) = 0.78, p = 0.39, d = 0.28].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quetiapine and divalproex showed similar efficacy for the treatment of impulsivity and reactive aggression related to co-occurring bipolar and disruptive behavior disorders in adolescents. Quetiapine and divalproex are both useful as monotherapy for the treatment of impulsivity and reactive aggression in adolescents with bipolar and disruptive behavior disorders. Placebo-controlled studies are necessary.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. drew.barzman@fuse.net
authors.forename: Drew H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Barzman
authors.forename: Melissa P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: DelBello
authors.forename: Caleb M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Kevin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Stanford
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Strakowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000523:psychology*; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002648:Child; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D018692:Antimanic Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate; D014635:Valproic Acid