title: [The main aspects of symptomatic therapy of chronic heart failure].
abstract: The main aims of the treatment of chronic heart failure are to improve and to maintain the quality of life, to increase duration of life, to decrease mortality, to prevent diseases leading to the heart failure development, and to prevent the progression of heart failure. Diuretics are the drugs of first choice for the treatment of congestive heart failure. They can improve the quality of patient's life quite quickly. Noncompliance to methodological diuretic use can cause a serious damage such as metabolic disorders, arrhythmias, and even sudden death. Loop diuretics are the drugs of choice. Resistance to diuretics occurs in 10-20% of the cases during the course of treatment; therefore, drug combination as well as dose modification is required. Diuretics are not recommended to use alone for a symptomatic relief. They are prescribed in combination with beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, and/or angiotensin receptor blockers for a continuous pathogenetic therapy of congestive heart failure. Digoxin in combination with diuretics is the drug of choice for treatment of heart failure when tachyarrhythmia or severe systolic left ventricular dysfunction appears or it is impossible to administer beta-blockers. In this article, the guidelines of European Society of Cardiology and also American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association for the symptomatic management of congestive heart failure, updated in 2005, are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Kaunas University of Medicine, Eiveniu 2, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania. dianazal@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zaliaduonyte-Peksiene
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mikuckaite
authors.forename: Ausra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kavoliūniene
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004077:Digoxin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018450:Disease Progression; D004232:Diuretics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D010349:Patient Compliance; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011788:Quality of Life
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004232:Diuretics; D004077:Digoxin