title: Intermittent hypoxia-induced delayed cardioprotection is mediated by PKC and triggered by p38 MAP kinase and Erk1/2.
abstract: We previously reported that acute intermittent hypoxia (IH) confers delayed cardioprotection against a prolonged ischemic insult in the rat, via the involvement of nitric oxide synthase and K(ATP) channels. In the present study, we investigated the role of protein kinase C (PKC), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), stress activated p38 MAP kinase (MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) using selective inhibitors of these pathways. Adult male rats were exposed to 1-min cycles of IH (10% O(2), 40 s)/normoxia (21% O(2), 20 s) during 4 h or to normoxic cycles. 24 h later, isolated hearts were perfused in Langendorff mode and subjected to a 30-min global ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Compared to normoxic conditions, IH significantly reduced infarct size (22.2+/-2.4% vs. 33.8+/-2.6%, p<0.05), improved coronary flow and decreased the contracture at reperfusion. When administered before sustained ischemia, chelerythrine (a PKC inhibitor) abolished both the IH-induced reduction in infarct size (36.1+/-4.9%) and improvement in hemodynamic parameters. In contrast, chelerythrine administration 10 min before IH, did not modify the delayed cardioprotective response. Similarly, wortmannin (a PI3K inhibitor) administration 10 min before IH was unable to block the cardioprotective effects. However, administration of SB203580 (a p38 MAPK inhibitor) and PD98059 (an Erk1/2 inhibitor), 30 min before IH abolished its delayed infarct-sparing effect (32.2+/-3.4% and 33.9+/-2.9%, respectively). In addition, 24 h after IH, a significant increase in p38 MAPK and Erk1/2 phosphorylation was observed by Western blot. These results suggest that the delayed preconditioning induced by intermittent hypoxia does not involve the PI3K signalling pathway and that is mediated by PKC and triggered by p38 MAPK and Erk1/2.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire HP2, Hypoxie Physiopathologies Respiratoire et Cardiovasculaire, EA3745, INSERM ERI 0017, Institut Jean Roget, BP 170 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Pauline C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Béguin
authors.forename: Elise
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Belaidi
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Godin-Ribuot
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lévy
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ribuot
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology*; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008297:Male; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D013997:Time Factors; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases