title: In vitro and in vivo performance of a novel surface treatment to enhance osseointegration of endosseous implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article shows the in vitro and in vivo characterization of a new biomimetic treatment developed to enhance the osseointegration of titanium dental implants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A novel biomimetic treatment of titanium was developed. Its physicochemical properties and biologic and in vivo performance were considered and studied. Mineralization capability was assessed by soaking test in simulated body fluid solution, and cytocompatibility was assessed using osteoblast-like MG63 cell culture. Histomorphometric analysis was performed at 3 time points using a sheep animal model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vitro tests confirmed the biomimetic potential of the considered novel treatment. Histomorphometric analysis indicated its potential for rapid and good-quality osseointegration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The in vitro and in vivo test results indicated that the proposed novel treatment possesses a significant potential to increase the rate of osteointegration of titanium for endosseous dental implants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering G. Natta, Polyitecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy. roberto.chiesa@polimi.it
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chiesa
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giavaresi
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fini
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sandrini
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giardino
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000633:toxicity; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000601:surgery; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000633:toxicity; D045662:Dental Etching; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D004595:Electroplating / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D016348:Osseointegration; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D012756:Sheep; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015921:Dental Implants; D010710:Phosphates; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium; D002118:Calcium