Ungulate herbivory: indirect effects cascade into the treetops.
Larson
Andrew J
AJ
College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195-2100, USA. a975764@u.washington.edu
Paine
Robert T
RT
D000818:Animals; D017753:Ecosystem; D020387:Food Chain; D011156:Population Density; D011235:Predatory Behavior; D012418:Ruminants / Q000502:physiology*; D014197:Trees / Q000254:growth & development*