title: Fetal lung-head ratio is not related to outcome for antenatal diagnosed congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
abstract: We asked if fetal lung-to-head ratio (LHR) of 1.0 or lower or liver herniation had a statistical effect on survival or need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), compared with LHR above 1.0 in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Antenatal records of all patients diagnosed with CDH from January of 2002 to June of 2005 were examined. Inclusion criteria were isolated left-sided CDH and absence of significant cardiac or other anomalies/syndromes, treated solely at this institution. Lung-to-head ratio values were compared based on the value currently proposed for fetal intervention: LHR of 1.0 or lower vs LHR above 1.0. Outcome was assessed as survival (discharge to home) or need for ECMO.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-eight patients met inclusion criteria. Overall survival was 86% (24/28). Postnatal survival in fetuses with LHR of 1.0 or lower (8/11) was not statistically different from LHR above 1.0 (16/17) (73% vs 94%, P = .114). The need for ECMO in the group with LHR of 1.0 or lower (3/11) was not significantly different from those with LHR above 1.0 (1/17) (27% vs 6%, P = .114). Herniation of the fetal liver into the chest did not affect survival or need for ECMO (P = .228).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neither LHR of 1.0 or lower nor liver herniation identified a risk factor significant enough to warrant fetal intervention. Multicenter studies may be more appropriate to investigate this clinical problem.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University and The Center for Prenatal Pediatrics, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of New York-Presbyterian, New York City, NY 10032-3784, USA. ma2161@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Marc S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Arkovitz
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Devine
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Budhorick
authors.forename: Charles J H
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Stolar
mesh_terms: D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; D005260:Female; D006257:Head; D006548:Hernia, Diaphragmatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D065630:Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital; D059685:Herniorrhaphy; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D008168:Lung; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D016019:Survival Analysis