Nutritional status of institutionalized and free-living elderly in Alexandria.
Because of an increase in the number of elderly and the problems of nutrition associated with them, it is of interest to study the nutritional status of elderly persons in Alexandria City. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional status of elderly population and to compare between the nutritional status of those institutionalized and those living free. The study was conducted on 240 elderly persons (120 institutionalized and 120 free living) selected randomly from institutions and from different sites. The basic data, weight, height, body mass index (BMI) of each were recorded. Dietary intake study was done by using 24 hours recall for 3 consecutive days and food frequency were used to obtain the best estimate of food intake. Energy and nutrient intakes were obtained and compared with the recommended dietary allowance (RDAs). The main findings of the study revealed that the mean age of the institutionalized elderly was greater than those living free. Percent of obesity among females was 71.7% among free living and 45% among institutionalized. Under-nutrition was present in 11.7% and 8.3% of institutionalized males and females respectively. Food habits showed that institutionalized subjects consume more amounts of many food items than free-living. Total daily energy intake was found to be below the recommendation for all subjects, with higher intake among institutionalized than free living. Nutrient intakes among institutionalized and free living elderly were inadequate except thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin C and iron. The nutrients least adequately supplied in the diets of elderly are vitamin A and calcium along with energy deficits. In conclusion both institutionalized and free living are at risk for developing nutrient deficiencies. Deficient energy, calcium and vitamin A are common problems among most subjects. The composition of the diet among free living subjects seem to be also poor in some micronutrients. We recommended a nutrition intervention program and nutrition education to improve nutritional status of elderly people.
Shabayek
M M
MM
Department of Nutrition, (CLFF) Agriculture Research Center.
Saleh
S I
SI
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004534:Egypt; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006304:Health Status; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population