title: Antithrombotic effects of odorless garlic powder both in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Antithrombotic activities of odorless garlic powder were demonstrated in blood fibrinolytic and coagulation systems. Though the odorless garlic preparation did not influence tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) or its inhibitor secretions from human umbilical vein endothelial cells, it enhanced plasmin generation by t-PA on fibrin film and in chromogenic assays by 1.8-fold and 8.7-fold respectively. The coagulation system was considerably reduced after the administration of the garlic in a rat in situ loop model, indicating that increased levels of thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) complex in the control group were significantly reduced to normal (sham) in the garlic group (p<0.05), which was associated with decreasing tendencies towards prolonged or increased values of coagulation parameters in the control group. These findings suggest that odorless garlic not only activates fibrinolytic activity by accelerating t-PA-mediated plasminogen activation, but also suppresses the coagulation system by downregulating thrombin formation, suggesting a beneficial role in preventing pathological thrombus formation in such cardiovascular disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Food Culture, Kurashiki Sakuyo University, Japan. hideharu.fukao@ksu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hideharu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukao
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yoh-ichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tazawa
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hada
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005737:Garlic; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009812:Odorants; D010958:Plasminogen / Q000378:metabolism; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D010958:Plasminogen; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator