Economic costs of depression in China.
BACKGROUND
A recent survey in China indicated the 12-month prevalence rate of depressive disorders was 2.5% in Beijing and 1.7% in Shanghai. These disorders may result in disability, premature death, and severe suffering of those affected and their families.


OBJECTIVE
This study estimates the economic consequences of depressive disorders in China.


METHODS
Depressive disorders can have both direct and indirect costs. To obtain direct costs, the research team interviewed 505 patients with depressive disorders and their caregivers in eight clinics/hospitals in five cities in China. Depression-related suicide rates were obtained from published literature. The human capital approach was used to estimate indirect costs. Epidemiological data were taken from available literature.


RESULTS
The total estimated cost of depression in China is 51,370 million Renminbi (RMB) (or US $6,264 million) at 2002 prices. Direct costs were 8,090 million RMB (or US$ 986 million), about 16% of the total cost of depression. Indirect costs were 43,280 million RMB (or US$ 5,278 million), about 84% of the total cost of depression.


CONCLUSIONS
Depression is a very costly disorder in China. The application of an effective treatment--reducing the length of depressive episodes (or preventing episodes) and reducing suicide rates--will lead to a significant reduction in the total burden resulting from depressive disorders. Government policymakers should seriously consider further investments in mental health services.
Hu
Teh-wei
TW
School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. thu@berkeley.edu
He
Yanling
Y
Zhang
Mingyuan
M
Chen
Ningshan
N
D000328:Adult; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence