title: MYH mutations are rare in prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oxidative stress is considered a risk factor for prostate cancer development and is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The base excision repair gene MYH protects against ROS-mediated damage to DNA. Inherited MYH mutations predispose to colorectal adenomas and cancer. A compromised base-excision repair function due to defective MYH may contribute to prostate carcinogenesis. Here, we examine the genetic contribution of MYH to prostate cancer risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients diagnosed with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) alone (n = 45), prostate cancer alone (n = 123) or both (n = 82) were screened for the two most common mutations in the MYH gene using PCR-based RFLP analysis. A single patient with an inherited MYH mutation as well as a subset of 26 patients presenting with a family history of colorectal cancer were screened for additional MYH mutations by direct sequencing of the entire coding region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Biallelic germline mutations in MYH were not detected among prostate cancer patients. Only a single patient was a heterozygous carrier for the Y165C missense mutation. Allelic deletion or somatic mutation of the remaining MYH allele was not identified in this patient's tumor DNA. Two patients harbored V22M polymorphism and three patients were carriers of Q324H polymorphism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MYH mutations are unlikely to contribute to prostate cancer risk.
authors.affiliation: Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Eyun-Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chappell
authors.forename: Vaijayanti
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pethe
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hersey
authors.forename: Theodore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van der Kwast
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fleshner
authors.forename: Bharati
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bapat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D045647:DNA Glycosylases / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D045647:DNA Glycosylases; C061738:mutY adenine glycosylase