title: Pre-training to find a hidden platform in the Morris water maze can compensate for a deficit to find a cued platform in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.
abstract: The bilateral intranigral infusion of 1 micromol 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in adult male Wistar rats caused a specific and partial loss of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopamine neurons, a partial depletion of striatal dopamine, and a deficit to learn the intra-maze cued version of the Morris water maze. Pre-training the SNc rats in the spatial version of the water maze or simply maintaining the animals on the water maze platform reversed this deficit. This improvement was even observed when the order of the extra-maze cues presented to the rats during pre-training of the spatial version was changed during training of the intra-maze cued version. However, this deficit was not reversed either by maintaining the animals on the platform if the spatial cues were surrounded and covered with a curtain or by swimming sessions in the maze without the escape platform and the curtain. These findings suggest that none of the following elements alone, learned during the spatial task pre-training, could help SNc rats learn the intra-maze cued task: improvement of swimming skills or knowledge of the existence of the escape platform; distance between the platform and the border of the pool; location of a particular extra-maze cue; relations among extra-maze cues. However, the simultaneous presence of the escape platform and extra-maze cues (irrespective of their relational configuration) during the pre-training sessions proved to be necessary for this improving effect to occur.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Fisiologia e Farmacologia do Sistema Nervoso Central, Departamentos de Farmacologia, Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil. dacunha@ufpr.br
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Da Cunha
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wietzikoski
authors.forename: Evellyn C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Wietzikoski
authors.forename: Marcio H C
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chandler
authors.forename: Marcelo M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ferro
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andreatini
authors.forename: Newton S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Canteras
mesh_terms: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D003463:Cues; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D015259:Dopamine Agents; D004924:Escape Reaction; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011214:Practice, Psychological; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013037:Spatial Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015259:Dopamine Agents; D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; D004298:Dopamine