title: [Clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of HIV-induced neuropsychiatric disorders].
abstract: Since the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first recognized in 1981, more than 25 million individuals have died from complications of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 1995 has resulted in a significantly decreased incidence rate of AIDS in the developed world. As HAART led to considerable improvements in survival for patients with HIV infection, HIV-neurotropically associated neuropsychiatric disorders have become an increasingly important challenge for clinical medicine. This article gives an overview of epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and therapy of HIV-induced cognitive-motor impairments including HIV-associated dementia complex, organic mood disorders and psychosis.
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie der Medizinischen Universität Graz, Osterreich. Hans-Bernd.Rothenhaeusler@klinikum-graz.at
authors.forename: Hans-Bernd
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Rothenhäusler
mesh_terms: D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors