title: Fast synaptic vesicle reuse slows the rate of synaptic depression in the CA1 region of hippocampus.
abstract: During short-term synaptic depression, neurotransmission rapidly decreases in response to repetitive action potential firing. Here, by blocking the vacuolar ATPase, alkalinizing the extracellular pH, or exposing hippocampal slices to pH buffers, we impaired neurotransmitter refilling, and electrophysiologically tested the role of vesicle reuse in synaptic depression. Under all conditions, synapses onto hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells showed faster depression with increasing stimulation frequencies. At 20 Hz, compromising neurotransmitter refilling increased depression within 300 ms reaching completion within 2 s, suggesting a minimal contribution of reserve vesicles to neurotransmission. In contrast, at 1 Hz, depression emerged gradually and became significant within 100 s. Moreover, the depression induced by pH buffers was reversible with a similar frequency dependence, suggesting that the frequency-dependent increase in depression was caused by impairment of rapid synaptic vesicle reuse. These results indicate that synaptic vesicle trafficking impacts the kinetics of short-term synaptic plasticity at an extremely rapid time scale.
authors.affiliation: Center for Basic Neuroscience and Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9111, USA.
authors.forename: Mert
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ertunc
authors.forename: Yildirim
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sara
authors.forename: ChiHye
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Atasoy
authors.forename: Tuhin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Virmani
authors.forename: Ege T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Kavalali
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology*; D036881:Long-Term Synaptic Depression / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000502:physiology*