Transport and secretion of natural products in plant cell cultures.
Using the example of berberine in cell cultures of THALICTRUM and BERBERIS species, the transport and secretion of natural products in plant cell cultures is reviewed. Topics discussed are the subcellular localization of berberine biosynthesis, transport of berberine to vacuoles, extracellular release of berberine, mechanism of berberine secretion, uptake and transport of exogenous berberine, and the release of berberine by immobilized cells.
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Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Kyoto 606, Japan.