title: A new expression of diabetes: double diabetes.
abstract: Diabetes is on the increase worldwide. The incidence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes has shown a rise, in parallel with a notable increase in the incidence of a new expression of the disease in children and adolescents, with the characteristics of a mixture of the two types of diabetes, and referred to as 'double diabetes'. Insulin resistance and obesity, together with the presence of markers of pancreatic autoimmunity - namely, autoantibodies to islet cell antigens - typically define this condition. However, recognition of double diabetes can pose problems. In most cases, a reduction in the 'autoimmune load' and an increase in the 'metabolic load' are helpful for attaining a correct diagnosis in a diabetic child.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University, Via E Longoni 83, 00155 Rome, Italy. p.pozzilli@unicampus.it
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pozzilli
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Buzzetti
mesh_terms: D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000502:physiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008019:Life Style
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers