Direct measurements of the convective recycling of the upper troposphere.
We present a statistical representation of the aggregate effects of deep convection on the chemistry and dynamics of the upper troposphere (UT) based on direct aircraft observations of the chemical composition of the UT over the eastern United States and Canada during summer. These measurements provide unique observational constraints on the chemistry occurring downwind of convection and the rate at which air in the UT is recycled. These results provide quantitative measures that can be used to evaluate global climate and chemistry models.
Bertram
Timothy H
TH
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Perring
Anne E
AE
Wooldridge
Paul J
PJ
Crounse
John D
JD
Kwan
Alan J
AJ
Wennberg
Paul O
PO
Scheuer
Eric
E
Dibb
Jack
J
Avery
Melody
M
Sachse
Glen
G
Vay
Stephanie A
SA
Crawford
James H
JH
McNaughton
Cameron S
CS
Clarke
Antony
A
Pickering
Kenneth E
KE
Fuelberg
Henry
H
Huey
Greg
G
Blake
Donald R
DR
Singh
Hanwant B
HB
Hall
Samuel R
SR
Shetter
Richard E
RE
Fried
Alan
A
Heikes
Brian G
BG
Cohen
Ronald C
RC