Factors influencing the development of evidence-based practice: a research tool.
OBJECTIVE
The paper reports a study to develop and test a tool for assessing a range of factors influencing the development of evidence-based practice among clinical nurses.


BACKGROUND
Achieving evidence-based practice is a goal in nursing frequently cited by the profession and in government health policy directives. Assessing factors influencing the achievement of this goal, however, is complex. Consideration needs to be given to a range of factors, including different types of evidence used to inform practice, barriers to achieving evidence-based practice, and the skills required by nurses to implement evidence-based care.


METHODS
Measurement scales currently available to investigate the use of evidence in nursing practice focus on nurses' sources of knowledge and on barriers to the use of research evidence. A new, wider ranging Developing Evidence-Based Practice questionnaire was developed and tested for its measurement properties in two studies. In study 1, a sample of 598 nurses working at two hospitals in one strategic health authority in northern England was surveyed. In study 2, a slightly expanded version of the questionnaire was employed in a survey of 689 community nurses in 12 primary care organizations in two strategic health authorities, one in northern England and the other in southern England.


RESULTS
The measurement characteristics of the new questionnaire were shown to be acceptable. Ten significant, and readily interpretable, factors were seen to underlie nurses' relation to evidence-based practice.


CONCLUSIONS
Strategies to promote evidence-based practice need to take account of the differing needs of nurses and focus on a range of sources of evidence. The Developing Evidence-Based Practice questionnaire can assist in assessing the specific 'evidencing' tendencies of any given group of nurses.
Gerrish
Kate
K
Nursing Centre for Health and Social Care Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK.
Ashworth
Peter
P
Lacey
Anne
A
Bailey
Jeff
J
Cooke
Jo
J
Kendall
Sally
S
McNeilly
Elaine
E
D015400:Clinical Nursing Research; D003152:Community Health Nursing; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D009732:Nursing Care / Q000592:standards*; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*