title: Age-associated declines in complex walking task performance: the Walking InCHIANTI toolkit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a set of complex walking tasks (CWTs) that can be used to evaluate mobility and to characterize age- and sex-specific performance on these tests.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based study of persons living in the Chianti geographic area (Tuscany, Italy).
  
  
  METHODS
  Community.
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand two hundred twenty-seven persons (aged 20-95) selected from the city registries of Greve and Bagno a Ripoli (Tuscany, Italy).
  
  
  METHODS
  Gait velocity (m/s) was measured during 13 walking tests (Walking InCHIANTI Toolkit (WIT)) used to examine walking ability under a range of conditions and distances. Other measures included performance on the Short Physical Performance Battery and self-reported health and functional status, including disability in activities of daily living.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age-associated differences on the WIT were reflected in the number of older adults unable to complete CWTs and a decrease in gait velocity. For all tasks, decrements in walking speed with increasing age were significantly larger at aged 65 and older. Performance on CWTs was highly variable and could not be explained by usual gait speed measured under low-challenge conditions alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CWTs may provide important insight into mobility function, particularly in persons with normal or near-normal usual gait speed. Further research is needed to elucidate the specific physiological mechanisms that contribute to declining performance on CWT with increasing age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ashumway@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shumway-Cook
authors.forename: Jack M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Guralnik
authors.forename: Caroline L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Antonia K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Coppin
authors.forename: Marcia A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ciol
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bandinelli
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrucci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012737:Sex Factors; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*