HSV-2- and HIV-1- permissive cell lines co-infected by HSV-2 and HIV-1 co-replicate HSV-2 and HIV-1 without production of HSV-2/HIV-1 pseudotype particles.
BACKGROUND
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a major cofactor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) sexual acquisition and transmission. In the present study, we investigated whether HIV-1 and HSV-2 may interact at the cellular level by forming HIV-1 hybrid virions pseudotyped with HSV-2 envelope glycoproteins, as was previously reported for HSV type 1.


METHODS
We evaluated in vitro the production of HSV-2/HIV-1 pseudotypes in mononuclear CEM cells and epithelial HT29 and P4P cells. We analyzed the incorporation into the HIV-1 membrane of HSV-2 gB and gD, two major HSV-2 glycoproteins required for HSV-2 fusion with the cell membrane, in co-infected cells and in HIV-1-infected P4P cells transfected by plasmids coding for gB or gD.


RESULTS
We show that HSV-2 and HIV-1 co-replicated in dually infected cells, and gB and gD were co-localized with gp160. However, HIV-1 particles, produced in HIV-1-infected cells expressing gB or gD after transfection or HSV-2 superinfection, did not incorporate either gB or gD in the viral membrane, and did not have the capacity to infect cells normally non-permissive for HIV-1, such as epithelial cells.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results do not support the hypothesis of HSV-2/HIV-1 pseudotype formation and involvement in the synergistic genital interactions between HIV-1 and HSV-2.
Legoff
Jérôme
J
Université Paris V, Equipe Immunité et Biothérapie Muqueuse, Unité INSERM Internationale U743 (Immunologie Humaine), Centre de Recherches, Biomédicales des Cordeliers, Paris, France. jerome.le-goff@egp.aphp.fr
Bouhlal
Hicham
H
Lecerf
Maxime
M
Klein
Christophe
C
Hocini
Hakim
H
Si-Mohamed
Ali
A
Muggeridge
Martin
M
Bélec
Laurent
L
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000821:virology; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006367:HeLa Cells; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D014162:Transfection; D014709:Vero Cells; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014771:Virion / Q000378:metabolism*; D014779:Virus Replication
D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C044525:glycoprotein B, herpes simplex virus type 2; C040570:glycoprotein D-herpes simplex virus type 2