title: Primary trabeculectomy surgery performed by residents at a county hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and efficacy of trabeculectomies performed by ophthalmology residents at a metropolitan county hospital, under the supervision of attending physicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of resident-performed trabeculectomies at the San Francisco General Hospital from the period of 1994 to 2004 was performed. The preoperative and postoperative ocular data of 50 eyes in 35 patients were evaluated. Of the 50 cases, 47 procedures were performed as primary trabeculectomies and 3 were revisions of trabeculectomies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average follow-up period was 28.9+/-17.6 months with an intraocular pressure (IOP) decrease from 23.2+/-9.4 mm Hg preoperatively to 11.3+/-4.4 mm Hg at last follow-up, for a mean reduction of 11.9+/-10.5 mm Hg (51.6%) (P<0.0001). Follow-up periods ranged from 3 months to over 6 years. The number of medications required decreased from 3.2+/-1.1 to 0.6+/-0.1 (P<0.0001). Success, defined by a postoperative IOP < or =21 mm Hg or a decreased postoperative IOP of at least 25% from preoperative pressure if the preoperative IOP was already < or =21 mm Hg, was observed in 42 eyes (84%) at last follow-up. Best-corrected visual acuity was stable or improved in 22 eyes (44%) and was noted to decrease 2 or more Snellen lines in 28 eyes (56%). Notable complications included 3 cases (6%) of persistent hypotony (IOP<5), 1 case (2%) of late endophthalmitis, and 1 case (2%) of phthisis. Seven eyes (14%) required subsequent penetrating glaucoma procedures due to bleb failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of this study suggest that the outcomes of trabeculectomies performed by residents at a county hospital can have a high success rate, comparable with previous studies in the literature. Rates of complications are overall similar to those found in the published literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, The Beckman Vision Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
authors.forename: Candy K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Poorab
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sangani
authors.forename: Li-Wei
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: May S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Shan C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards*; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000601:surgery*; D006766:Hospitals, County; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000193:education*; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012495:San Francisco; D014130:Trabeculectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome