title: Comparison of the 13C-urea blood test to histology and rapid urease testing in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Helicobacter pylori infection is commonly investigated in children with abdominal pain. The definitive means of diagnosing infection, histology, requires endoscopy and sedation, making it invasive and expensive. Our objective was to compare histology against a less invasive and safer method, the 13C-urea blood test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty children with abdominal pain undergoing upper endoscopy were randomized into either of 2 dosages of 13C-urea. Several biopsies were taken for histology and rapid urease testing. After endoscopy, each child ingested a randomly assigned dosage of either 75 mg or 125 mg 13C-urea, and blood was withdrawn 30 min later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Irrespective of the dosage of 13C-urea, the 13C-urea blood test performed with high accuracy (89%) when compared against either histology or rapid urease testing. The sensitivity and specificity of the blood test was 83% and 91%, respectively. When the smaller dosage of 13C-urea was used, the accuracy of the blood test was 100% compared with histology. There were no adverse events related to using either dosage of 13C-urea.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 13C-urea blood test may be comparable with histology in diagnosing H. pylori infection in children, and the smaller dosage of 13C-urea does not adversely affect blood test performance. The 13C-urea blood test is well tolerated in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA. jollecd@peds.ufl.edu
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Jolley
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Wagner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001706:Biopsy; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002648:Child; D005773:Gastroscopy; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006403:Hematologic Tests; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013270:Stomach / Q000473:pathology; D014508:Urea; D014510:Urease
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D014508:Urea; D014510:Urease