title: [Signaling pathways regulating self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem cells--review].
abstract: Mouse embryonic stem cells (ES cells) are pluripotent in that they can give rise to almost all the cell types in vitro and in vivo. Also, they can sustain self-renewal in vitro owing to symmetrical mitosis, i.e., only the cell number increases while the daughter cells remain pluripotent. Self-renewal and pluripotency of ES cells are under stringent regulation of several signaling pathways. Activation of either JAK-STAT3 or PI3K, the downstream cascade of gp130, can maintain the self-renewal of ES cells, while phosphorylation of another gp130-related branch, SHP2-Ras-ERK, drives the differentiation. BMP2/4-mediated signaling is capable of suppressing the differentiation of ES cells in collaboration with activated JAK-STAT3 under serum free culture conditions. Other signaling such as Wnt also contributes to the self-renewal of ES cells. Generally, the network, which is composed of various signaling pathways, modulates the self-renewal and differentiation of mouse ES cells precisely. This review focuses on the role of gp130 in proliferation of mouse ES cells including inhibitory effect of JAK-STAT3 pathway activation on differentiation of mouse ES cells, maintenance effect of PI3K pathway activation on self-renewal of ES cells, promotive effect of SHP-2-Ras-ERK pathway activation on differentiation of ES cells, and influence of other signaling pathways on self-renewal of mouse ES cells, including maintenance effect of BMP combination with LIF under serum free culture conditions on self-renewal of ES cells and promotive effect of Wnt pathway activation on self-renewal of ES cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Basic Medical Science, Acadecy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D050822:Cytokine Receptor gp130 / Q000378:metabolism; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D053613:Janus Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; C507838:Lif protein, mouse; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D050822:Cytokine Receptor gp130; C507905:Jak1 protein, mouse; D053613:Janus Kinase 1