title: Effects of the integrin-linked kinase inhibitor QLT0267 on squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the expression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in human squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) tumor specimens and cell lines and the efficacy of the novel small molecule QLT0267.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical analysis of 17 SCCHN tumor tissue specimens and 3 normal tongue tissue specimens for ILK expression and in vitro analysis of the effectiveness of QLT0267 on SCCHN cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression levels of ILK in SCCHN tumor specimens and cell lines and the efficacy of QLT0267 in inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis in SCCHN cell lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most SCCHN tumor specimens stained for ILK, whereas none of the 3 normal tongue tissue specimens stained for ILK. Integrin-linked kinase was expressed in all 6 SCCHN cell lines tested. In 4 pairs of normal and SCCHN tumor specimens, ILK expression and activity were higher in most tumor samples tested. A kinase assay showed that QLT0267 inhibited the ILK activity of 2 SCCHN cell lines (TU167 and MDA1986). Modified tetrazolium salt 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, DNA fragmentation ladder, and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotin-deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end()labeling) assays showed that QLT0267 inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in these 2 cell lines. A dose-dependent decrease in Akt phosphorylation was observed for these 2 cell lines on treatment with QLT0267.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Integrin-linked kinase is overexpressed in SCCHN tumor specimens. Targeting ILK with the small-molecule ILK inhibitor QLT0267 inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in SCCHN cell lines by reducing ILK activity and Akt phosphorylation. Integrin-linked kinase may be an attractive target for molecular therapy with which to enhance treatment of SCCHN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
authors.forename: Maher N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Younes
authors.forename: Orhan G
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Yigitbasi
authors.forename: Yasemin D
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Yazici
authors.forename: Samar A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Jasser
authors.forename: Cora D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Bucana
authors.forename: Adel K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: El-Naggar
authors.forename: Gordon B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: Jeffrey N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Myers
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D000099200:Scaffold Protein ILK
chemical_list: D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D000099200:Scaffold Protein ILK