title: The role of cytotoxic therapy with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the therapy of acute myeloid leukemia in children: an evidence-based review.
abstract: Clinical research examining the role of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) in the therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in children is presented and critically evaluated in this systematic evidence-based review. Specific criteria were used for searching the published literature and for grading the quality and strength of the evidence and the strength of the treatment recommendations. Treatment recommendations based on the evidence are presented in the table entitled "Summary of Treatment Recommendations Made by the Expert Panel for Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia" and were reached unanimously by a panel of experts in AML. The identified priority areas of needed future research in pediatric AML include: What is the role of risk group stratification, including the role of cytogenetics, in selection of patients for allogeneic SCT, especially those in first CR? What is the appropriate timing and use of alternative donor SCT, given that matched unrelated donor SCT appears to yield outcomes equivalent to matched related donor SCT? What is the role of reduced intensity SCT (including the use of fludarabine-based preparative regimens) and/or other immunomodulatory approaches to maximize the graft-versus-leukemic effect? and What is the role of biologically targeted agents (ie, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, farnesyl transferase inhibitors, Flt-3 inhibitors, etc) in the treatment of AML, including induction, consolidation, conditioning regimens, and after SCT?
authors.affiliation: Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA.
authors.forename: Denise M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Oliansky
authors.forename: J Douglas
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Aplan
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Arceci
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: Yaddanapudi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ravindranath
authors.forename: Jean E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: Franklin O
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wilmot
authors.forename: Philip L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: Theresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hahn
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D012074:Remission Induction / Q000379:methods; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000379:methods; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous