title: The prevention of gastropathy and upper abdominal symptoms caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
abstract: The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is increasing, primarily due to arthritis in the aging population. This article reviews current data on the risk of gastrointestinal complications related to NSAIDs and strategies to manage risk in patients taking these agents. Risks of NSAID use include gastrointestinal ulceration, hemorrhage, or perforation; renal dysfunction; death; and dyspepsia. Alternate therapies include use of non-NSAID analgesics; low-dose NSAIDs; and concurrent administration of cytoprotective agents with NSAIDs, acid inhibitors, proton pump inhibitors, and COX-2 agents.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
authors.forename: Nimish
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vakil
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D012307:Risk Factors; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors