title: Evaluation of glucose intolerance in adolescents relative to adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is an increasing trend in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in childhood and adolescence, while positive family history of DM2 and obesity are the most important risk factors. To study the influence of family history and obesity on glucose intolerance in our country was the aim of this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 105 children and adolescents aged 10-18 years (mean 13.3 +/- 2.5 years) were included in the study. All children and adolescents were divided into three groups according to positive family history of DM2 and obesity, and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed for all. Prediabetes was defined as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and/or impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Insulin secretion and insulin resistance were estimated using the insulinogenic index; and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Matsuda index, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of prediabetes was 15.2% in the whole group, while it was 25.5% in obese children who also had a positive family history of DM2. The frequency of hyperinsulinism was 57.1% in all groups. Prediabetic children had significant insulin resistance (HOMA-IR 11.5 +/- 7.1 and 4.1 +/- 6.4, respectively, p = 0.034).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obesity and glucose intolerance are also a problem in developing countries. The risk of prediabetes in children is highest in obese children who also have a positive family history of DM2. There is a need for a lifelong preventive program starting in childhood to avoid DM2 and decrease cardiovascular risk factors
authors.affiliation: Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, Umuttepe, Izmit-Kocaeli, Turkey. babaogluk@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Kadir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Babaoğlu
authors.forename: Sükrü
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hatun
authors.forename: Ilknur
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arslanoğlu
authors.forename: Pinar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Işgüven
authors.forename: Firdevs
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baş
authors.forename: Oya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ercan
authors.forename: Feyza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Darendeliler
authors.forename: Rüveyde
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bundak
authors.forename: Nurçin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saka
authors.forename: Hülya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Günöz
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bereket
authors.forename: Nihal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Memioğlu
authors.forename: Olcay
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Neyzi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology