title: Psychosocial adjustment during pregnancy for older couples conceiving through assisted reproductive technology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The trend to older maternal age at first birth is well established in Western countries and biological risk factors, particularly declining fertility, are well documented. Less is known, however, about the psychosocial well-being of older first time parents. This study explores differences in psychosocial adjustment during pregnancy in older (maternal age >or= 38 years) and younger (maternal age < 35 years) couples after assisted reproductive technology (ART) conception.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaire data were collected from a consecutive cohort of pregnant nulliparous women and their partners recruited over a 12-month period from ART clinics in Sydney, Australia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were more similarities than differences when comparing older and younger couples. Older couples took longer to conceive and were more likely to use donor eggs. Older pregnant women scored higher on a measure of psychological hardiness/resilience and reported a lower identification with motherhood compared with younger pregnant women. Older men differed only in reporting a less satisfying social orientation during pregnancy (lower satisfaction with sex life, relationship with partner and social life).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings do not indicate problematic adjustment during pregnancy in older couples, but differences found need further investigation using larger samples and prospective designs.
authors.affiliation: Psychology Department, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia. cmcmahon@psy.mq.edu.au
authors.forename: Catherine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.forename: Frances L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saunders
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000523:psychology*; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; D012917:Social Adjustment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors