title: Gadolinium periconceptional exposure: pregnancy and neonatal outcome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gadolinium derivatives are ionic paramagnetic contrast agents used to enhance magnetic resonance images, labeled as a pregnancy category C by the Food and Drug Administration because of a lack of epidemiological studies concerning first-trimester exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study to determine whether gadolinium derivatives exposure in periconceptional period is a risk factor for pregnancy or fetal development.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We report the outcome of 26 pregnant women exposed to gadolinium derivatives in the first trimester without adverse effect on pregnancy and neonatal outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Currently, this study represents the only prospective investigation of gadolinium derivatives in pregnancy, but more data are necessary to exclude a teratogenic risk.
authors.affiliation: Telefono Rosso - Teratology Information Service, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Santis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Straface
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Cavaliere
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carducci
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caruso
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000633:toxicity*; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000009:adverse effects; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013723:Teratogens / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D013723:Teratogens; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA