A low cost method to estimate dissolved reactive phosphorus loads of rivers and streams.
Concentration of dissolved reactive phosphorus ([DRP]) in rivers changes periodically (daily, weekly, seasonally) and is dependent on the weather and discharge Q. Accordingly, accurate estimation of the annual DRP load requires intensive sampling if not even continuous monitoring, which is laborious and expensive. We present a new, elaborated low cost technique based on passive samplers (P-traps), describing their design and chemical analysis. P-traps use iron(oxy)hydroxide as a sorbent, are inexpensive, easy to handle, and can be exposed for several months. We compare average DRP concentrations obtained from spot samples and P-traps and discuss the applicability and accuracy of the suggested method to measure annual P loads of rivers characterized by highly variable DRP concentrations.
Müller
Beat
B
Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Eawag, CH-6047, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland. beat.mueller@eawag.ch
Stöckli
Arno
A
Stierli
Ruth
R
Butscher
Ernst
E
Gächter
René
R
D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D045483:Rivers; D014872:Water Movements; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
D014873:Water Pollutants; D010758:Phosphorus