title: The effect of human in vivo accommodation on crystalline lens stability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of human in vivo accommodation on the stability of the crystalline lens.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a dual Purkinje image (DPI) eyetracker, the phase-time difference and amplitudes of Purkinje images I (P(I)) and IV (P(1V)) were measured in 37 normal emmetropic subjects (34 women and 3 men; mean age 19.8, range 18-22 years) when they changed focus from 70 to 15 cm and simultaneously rotated their heads horizontally from side to side or made horizontal saccades between two targets 6.8 degrees apart.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When the subjects changed focus from 70 to 15 cm and rotated their heads or made eye saccades, the phase-time difference between P(I) and P(IV) decreased. During saccades, the amplitude of both P(I) and P(IV) overshoots significantly increased with focus at 15 cm; however, their ratio (P(IV) overshoot amplitude/P(I) overshoot amplitude) significantly declined.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lens is stable during accommodation. The implications of these findings on the mechanism of accommodation are discussed.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas at Arlington, PO Box 601149, Dallas, TX 75229, USA. ron@2ras.com
authors.forename: Ronald A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Schachar
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Davila
authors.forename: Barbara K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Pierscionek
authors.forename: Wickham
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Warren W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Ward
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D019416:Head Movements / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology; D015349:Vision, Monocular / Q000502:physiology