title: Bacterial isolates of blood cultures in patients with suspected septicaemia in Ilorin, Nigeria.
abstract: Periodic bacteriologic surveillance of blood cultures is a necessity. To determine currently prevalent bacterial pathogens of blood cultures in patients with suspected septicaemia in Ilorin. Nigeria. Three thousand and fifty-seven patients from all age and sex groups with clinical suspicion of septicaemia underwent bacteriologic screening of their blood specimen over a 13 month period starting from January. 2003. Twenty point three percent were positive for bacterial growth. An incidence of 41.7 per 1000 admissions was recorded which was a statistically significant (p< 0.05) marginal increase when compared with the previous incidence of 37.9 per 1000 admissions from this centre. Majority of the isolates were gram negative (51.61%) though the single predominant isolate was Staphylococcus aureus (35.85%). Other isolates included Escherichia coli (32.48%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.74%), Proteus spp (0.32%), coagulase negative Staphylococcus (1.61%), Salmonella typhi (0.48%). beta-hemolytic Streptococcus (0.48%) and Acinetobacter spp (0.32%). No anaerobe was isolated. Most isolates were sensitive to fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin, perfloxacin and ciprofloxacin) and third generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxone and ceftazidime) except Acinetobacter that was 100% resistant to both groups of antibiotics. Gram positive isolates were resistant to the second generation cephalosporin, cefuroxime. We hereby recommend the use of combination of a third generation cephalosporin and fluoroquinolones where not contraindicated, in the empiric treatment of septicaemia before sensitivity results are available.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. olowosamuel2003@yahoo.com
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Samuel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fadeyi
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Akanbi
authors.forename: N B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Ameen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nwabuisi
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Onile
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents