title: Retrospective comparison of surgical ligation and transarterial catheter occlusion for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in two hundred and four dogs (1993-2003).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare procedure time, complications, mortality, and short-term outcome in dogs with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) treated by surgical ligation (SL) or transarterial coil occlusion (TCO).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs with PDA (n=204).
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of dogs treated for PDA were reviewed. Dogs treated by SL when it was the primary method used for PDA treatment (1993-1998) were compared with dogs treated by TCO when it was the primary method used for PDA treatment (1999-2003). Dogs treated during the transition between techniques, dogs treated with SL (1999-2003) and dogs treated with TCO before 1999, as well as dogs with pulmonary hypertension, or bidirectional or reversed (right-to-left) flow through the PDA were excluded from analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age, weight, gender distribution, and procedure times (P=.43) were similar for both groups. Major complications were more common with SL (12% versus 4.3%; P=.035) whereas minor complications were more common with TCO (12% versus 26%; P=.015). Initial success rate was higher for SL (94%) compared with TCO (84%; P=.027). There was no significant difference in mortality between SL (5.6%) and TCO (2.6%; P=.27).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both SL and TCO are acceptable PDA treatments with comparable mortality; however, SL was associated with a higher risk of major complications and TCO was associated with a lower initial success rate.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, and the Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA. drkimvmd@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Kimberly R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Goodrich
authors.forename: Andrew E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Kyles
authors.forename: Phillip H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Kass
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D004285:Dogs; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D008026:Ligation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome