title: Ultra sonographic measurements of the normal liver and spleen among Egyptians 10-50 years old.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine reference values of ultra sonographic (US) measurements of the normal liver, spleen, portal vein, right and left periportal thickness, gall bladder wall thickness and common bile duct diameter of Egyptians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community-based cross sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Kalama village in Nile Delta, 40 kilometers north of Cairo.
  
  
  METHODS
  10% systematic sample of people above 10 years of age. Selection criteria included normal clinical examination, normal liver functions by ALT, absence of hepatitis B and C virus markers and liver or spleen pathology by US.
  
  
  METHODS
  Organometery of the liver, spleen, portal vein, right and left periportal thickness, gall bladder wall thickness and common bile duct diameter by US.
  
  
  RESULTS
  217 subjects were admitted to the study out of 700 examined. All measured parameters increased with age till 20 years. There was no significant difference in measurements between males and females. The means, standard deviation and 95th percentiles of all measurements were higher than those recorded in other studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Egyptian norms for US organometery of the liver, spleen, portal vein and gall bladder are different from those of other countries. We suggest that Egyptian sonologists use these norms in routine practice.
authors.affiliation: Ain Shams University, Faculty of Medicine, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: El Sharkawy
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Faris
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grumbach
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Edelman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Clemens
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Darwish
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004534:Egypt; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D013154:Spleen / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography