title: Altered expression profiles of clock genes hPer1 and hPer2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of cancer patients undergoing surgery.
abstract: Patients undergoing surgery often develop symptoms of circadian rhythm disorders such as insomnia or delirium. However, the effect of surgery on the biological clock remains unknown. The present study examines the expression of clock genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and measures plasma hormone concentrations in patients with esophageal cancer and early gastric cancer who underwent surgery. Six blood samples per day were collected from 9 patients with esophageal cancer before and after esophagectomy and from 9 patients with early gastric cancer before and after laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG). The expression profiles of hPer1 and hPer2 mRNAs in PBMCs were determined by real-time RT-PCR. Plasma melatonin and cortisol concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. Plasma melatonin levels decreased in both groups throughout the day and plasma cortisol levels changed after surgery. The acrophase of clock gene expression was altered after surgery as follows: hPer1, from 6:19+/-1:50 to 13:59+/-0:59 (p=0.0003) and from 7:47+/-1:27 to 12:33+/-1:30 (p=0.0043) and hPer2, from 5:01+/-2:59 to 19:30+/-2:15 (p<0.0001) and from 6:49+/-1:59 to 13:39+/-3:06 (p=0.0171) in patients with esophageal and early gastric cancer, respectively. The post-operative phase change of hPer2 was more prominent after esophagectomy than after LADG. Our results suggest that surgical stress affects the peripheral clock as well as endogenous hormones in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Azama
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Katsutaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oishi
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kadota
authors.forename: Kija
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hyun
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tokura
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwanaga
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hiraoka
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takiguchi
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Takushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Morito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monden
mesh_terms: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000235:genetics*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery; D004946:Esophagostomy; D005743:Gastrectomy; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D056950:Period Circadian Proteins; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C539022:PER1 protein, human; C421902:PER2 protein, human; D056950:Period Circadian Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D008550:Melatonin; D006854:Hydrocortisone