title: Growth and differentiation of mouse osteoblasts on chitosan-collagen sponges.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of collagen on the microstructure and biocompatibility of chitosan-collagen composite sponges fabricated by a freezing and drying technique. The study was categorized into four groups: Group I: collagen; Group II: chitosan; Group III: 1:1 (by wt) chitosan-collagen and Group IV: 1:2 (by wt) chitosan-collagen sponges. A mouse osteoblast cell line, MC3T3-E1, was cultivated on the sponges in a mineralized culture medium for 21 days. Microstructure of scaffolds and growth of cells on the sponges were examined using scanning electron and confocal laser scanning electron microscopes. Pore size was analysed from scanning electron microscope images using Image-Pro Plus image analysis software. Cell viability (MTT assay), alkaline phosphatase activity and levels of osteocalcin and calcium were monitored every 3 days and on days 15 and 21, respectively. It was found that the sponges were porous with average pore sizes of 80-100 microm. A combination of chitosan and collagen matrixes created a well defined porous microstructure and biocompatible scaffolds. Chitosan-collagen composite sponges promoted growth and differentiation of osteoblasts into the mature stage. To optimize application of the composite sponges in bone regeneration, the fabrication process must be improved to increase the pore size of the scaffolds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112 Songkhla, Thailand. pramejid@gmail.com
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arpornmaeklong
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suwatwirote
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pripatnanont
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oungbho
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry; D003470:Culture Media; D005612:Freeze Drying; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000032:analysis; D016062:Porosity; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003470:Culture Media; D015675:Osteocalcin; D003094:Collagen; D048271:Chitosan; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium