title: A positive contrast, tri-modality tissue marker for breast tumour localization.
abstract: A new interstitial breast localization marker is proposed which exhibits positive contrast in T1-weighted MRI, ultrasound and x-ray mammography. Unlike previous markers which provide MRI contrast on the basis of a susceptibility-induced signal void, this marker provides a clear positive contrast without any loss of signal or spatial distortion. The marker is composed of 400 microm diameter copper microspheres suspended in a Gd-DTPA-doped gel matrix. Optimal contrast in T1-weighted spoiled gradient recalled MRI was found to occur with the addition of 10 mM Gd-DTPA. Ultrasound contrast was generated on the basis of scattering from the copper microspheres. X-ray contrast was provided by the high x-ray attenuation properties of the copper microspheres. The study demonstrates potential suitability of the marker for use as a breast localization marker based on ex vivo studies of chicken breast.
authors.affiliation: Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada.
authors.forename: Yangmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian Xiong
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Holloway
authors.forename: Donald B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Plewes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D001703:Biophysics; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002645:Chickens; D003287:Contrast Media; D003300:Copper; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008327:Mammography; D008863:Microspheres; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D003287:Contrast Media; D005782:Gels; D003300:Copper; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA