title: Immunogenicity of recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccine in patients with and without chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the response of standard hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination between patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and healthy individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective case-control study. A total of 38 patients with chronic HCV infection and 40 healthy controls were included. Vaccination was performed by injection of 20 microg recombinant HBsAg into the deltoid muscle at mo 0, 1 and 6. Anti-HBs concentration was determined 3 mo after the last dose and compared between the two groups. The response pattern was characterized as (1) high-response when the anti-HBs antibody titer was > 100 IU/L, (2) low-response when the titer was 10-100 IU/L and (3) no-response when the titer was < 10 IU/L.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the patient group, there were 10/38 (26.3%) non-responders, 8/38 (21.1%) low-responders and 20/38 (52.6%) high-responders. The corresponding values in the control group were 2/40 (5.0%), 7/40 (17.5%) and 31/40 (77.5%), respectively. The response pattern was statistically different between the two groups. In multivariate analysis, smoking was a significant confounder, while HCV infection lost its significant correlation with lower antibody response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with chronic HCV infection tend to respond weakly to HBV vaccination compared to healthy individuals, though this correlation is not independent according to multivariate analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Seyed Khandan, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Naser Ebrahimi
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Daryani
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nassiri-Toosi
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rashidi
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Khodarahmi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins