Treatment of severe refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia with alemtuzumab (humanized CD52 monoclonal antibody).
Progressive B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is often complicated by autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), which in some cases may be refractory to conventional therapy such as corticosteroids, rituximab and splenectomy. We report here on 5 patients (median age 66 years, range 59-69) with advanced B-CLL, all of whom developed severe transfusion-dependent AIHA resistant to conventional therapy and received subcutaneous (SC) or intravenous (IV) alemtuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the CD52 antigen as salvage treatment for AIHA. Alemtuzumab was well tolerated with only minor 'first dose' reactions. All 5 patients responded with a >or=2.0 g/dl rise in hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, in the absence of further transfusions, after a median time of 5 weeks (range 4-7), and the mean Hb increased from 7.2 g/dl at baseline to 11.9 g/dl at end of treatment. All patients remained stable, without further AIHA episodes, after a median follow-up time of 12 months with a mean Hb of 12.5 g/dl (range 12.2-12.9). For patients with severe, refractory CLL-related AIHA, who have not previously responded to conventional therapy, alemtuzumab is an effective agent.
Karlsson
C
C
Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Hansson
L
L
Celsing
F
F
Lundin
J
J
D000368:Aged; D000074323:Alemtuzumab; D000744:Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D000074301:CD52 Antigen; D002699:Chlorambucil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013156:Splenectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014740:Vidarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D000074301:CD52 Antigen; C000613862:CD52 protein, human; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006454:Hemoglobins; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D002699:Chlorambucil; D000074323:Alemtuzumab; D014750:Vincristine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D014740:Vidarabine; C024352:fludarabine; D011241:Prednisone