title: A1 adenosine receptor partial agonist lowers plasma FFA and improves insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet in rodents.
abstract: There is substantial evidence in the literature that elevated plasma free fatty acids (FFA) play a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. CVT-3619 is a selective partial A(1) adenosine receptor agonist that inhibits lipolysis and lowers circulating FFA. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of CVT-3619 on insulin resistance induced by high-fat (HF) diet in rodents. HF diet feeding to rats for 2 wk caused a significant increase in insulin, FFA, and triglyceride (TG) concentrations compared with rats fed chow. CVT-3619 (1 mg/kg) caused a time-dependent decrease in fasting insulin, FFA, and TG concentrations. Acute administration of CVT-3619 significantly lowered the insulin response, whereas glucose response was not different with an oral glucose tolerance test. Treatment with CVT-3619 for 2 wk resulted in significant lowering of FFA, TG, and insulin concentrations in rats on HF diet. To determine the effect of CVT-3619 on insulin sensitivity, hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp studies were performed in C57BL/J6 mice fed HF diet for 12 wk. Glucose infusion rate was decreased significantly in HF mice compared with chow-fed mice. CVT-3619 treatment 15 min prior to the clamp study significantly (P < 0.01) increased glucose infusion rate to values similar to that for chow-fed mice. In conclusion, CVT-3619 treatment lowers FFA and TG concentrations and improves insulin sensitivity in rodent models of insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacological Sciences, CV Therapeutics, Palo Alto, California, USA. arvinder.dhalla@cvt.com
authors.forename: Arvinder K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Dhalla
authors.forename: Mei Yee
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Voshol
authors.forename: Luiz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Belardinelli
authors.forename: Gerald M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Reaven
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D058916:Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists; D000818:Animals; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C510789:2-(6-((2-hydroxycyclopentyl)amino)purin-9-yl)-5-((2-fluorophenylthio)methyl)oxolane-3,4-diol; D058916:Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D005947:Glucose; D000241:Adenosine