title: Hemin nutritional stress inhibits bacterial invasion of radicular dentine by two endodontic anaerobes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if anaerobic bacteria routinely found in infected dentine and root canals require the presence of heme in the environment in order for them to invade dentinal tubules.
  
  
  METHODS
  Noncarious, unrestored human teeth with single root canals were prepared for invasion experiments and soaked in either TSB-M supplemented with hemin (5 microg mL(-1)) (n = 12 roots), TSB-M media (n = 12 roots) or TSB-M media followed by hemin soak (n = 12 roots) for 2 days, then inoculated with either Prevotella intermedia ATCC 25611 or Peptostreptococcus micros ATCC 33270 and incubated anaerobically for 14 days. Roots were prepared for light microscopy, stained with Brown and Brenn or antisera raised to the bacteria, and invasion within tubules assessed using a tubule invasion index (TI). Data were analysed using Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevotella intermedia (TI = 0.7 +/- 0.04) and P. micros (TI = 0.96 +/- 0.08) showed low invasion when grown in the presence of hemin with cells generally restricted to the superficial 20 microm of the tubules, whilst neither bacteria invaded tubules (TI = 0) when hemin was absent from the growth media (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hemin was required in the growth medium for P. intermedia and P. micros to invade dentinal tubules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. robert.love@dent.otago.ac.nz
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Love
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000382:microbiology*; D003804:Dentin / Q000382:microbiology*; D006427:Hemin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010462:Peptostreptococcus / Q000378:metabolism; D018713:Prevotella intermedia / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D006427:Hemin