title: Adding memantine to rivastigmine therapy in patients with mild-to-moderate alzheimer's disease: results of a 12-week, open-label pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  At present, inhibition of cholines-terase is the treatment of choice for subjects with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Memantine, a noncompetitive antagonist at N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, is currently used to treat subjects with moderate-to-severe AD. The goal of this multicenter, open-label pilot study was to investigate whether combination therapy with memantine added to rivastigmine is safe and beneficial in subjects with mild-to-moderate AD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimer's type (N = 95), who were treated with rivastigmine (6-12 mg/day) for a maximum duration of 24 weeks prior to baseline, received memantine (5-20 mg/day) in combination with rivastigmine for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy variable was the change in the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) total score at the end of 12 weeks compared with baseline. The study was conducted between September 15, 2003, and May 27, 2004.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a statistically significant difference between baseline and week 12 for the ADAS-cog total score, showing a positive effect of combination therapy. Combination therapy did not evidence any unexpected safety concerns and was well-tolerated by most patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Memantine in combination with rivastigmine appears to be safe and beneficial in patients with mild-to-moderate AD. Our results need to be confirmed in a large, long-term, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, and the Department of Psychiatry, Charité Medical University, Berlin. matthias.riepe@charite.de
authors.forename: Matthias W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Riepe
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ibach
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Weinkauf
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gunay
authors.forename: Ferenc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tracik