title: Influence of cyclosporin A on quality of bone around integrated dental implants: a radiographic study in rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of cyclosporin A (CsA) administration on bone around integrated dental implants assessed by a bone quality index and by quantitative subtraction radiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 36 machine surface commercial implants were placed in 18 adult rabbits. After a 3-month healing period without any disturbance, the animals were randomly divided into three groups of six animals each. Group A was sacrificed at this time. CsA was injected subcutaneously in an immunosuppressive dose of 10 mg/kg/day in a test group (Group T), and a Group B served as a control, receiving only vehicle. After 3 months of cyclosporin administration, the animals of both Groups B and T were sacrificed. Radiographs were obtained at implant surgery and at the day of sacrifice with a CMOS sensor. Bone quality around the implants was compared between the groups using a bone quality index and quantitative subtraction radiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bone analysis showed that in Group T, the bone quality changed dramatically from a dense cortical to a loose trabecular bone structure (P<0.0001, chi(2) test) while in Groups A and B there were no significant differences. Quantitative digital subtraction radiography showed significantly (P<0.05) lower gray shade values (radiographic density) in a region of bone formation around the implants in Group T (118+/-12) than in Groups A (161+/-6) and B (186+/-10).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limits of this study, CsA administration has a negative effect on the quality of bone around integrated dental implant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, State University of São Paulo, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Celso Eduardo
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Sakakura
authors.forename: Elcio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marcantonio
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wenzel
authors.forename: Gulnara
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scaf
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015921:Dental Implants; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010919:Placebos; D011817:Rabbits; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D011897:Random Allocation; D013382:Subtraction Technique; D013977:Tibia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010919:Placebos; D016572:Cyclosporine