title: Xenograft use in reconstructive pelvic surgery: a review of the literature.
abstract: Xenografts, bovine or porcine acellular collagen bioprostheses derived from dermis, pericardium, or small-intestine submucosa, were introduced to overcome synthetic mesh-related complications. Although there are eight commercially available xenografts, there is a paucity of empiric information to justify their use instead of the use of synthetic grafts. In addition, limited data are available about which graft characteristics are important and whether graft-reinforced repairs reduce recurrences and improve outcomes. To address these knowledge gaps, we conducted a Medline search of published reports on xenografts in animal and human trials. Histologic host response to implanted xenograft material depends primarily on chemical cross-linking and porosity, and it is limited to four responses: resorption, incorporation, encapsulation, and mixed. No clinical data unequivocally demonstrate an improved benefit to graft-reinforced repair.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Emanuel C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Trabuco
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Klingele
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Gebhart
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D053825:Suburethral Slings; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014596:Uterine Prolapse / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials