title: Labeling of low-density lipoproteins using the 18F-labeled thiol-reactive reagent N-[6-(4-[18F]fluorobenzylidene)aminooxyhexyl]maleimide.
abstract: The novel thiol-group-selective bifunctional 18F-labeling agent N-[6-(4-[18F]fluoro-benzylidene)aminooxyhexyl]maleimide ([18F]FBAM) has been developed. The bifunctional labeling precursor N-(6-aminoxyhexyl)maleimide containing a thiol-reactive maleimide group and a carbonyl-group-reactive aminooxy group was prepared in only three steps in a total chemical yield of 59%. Subsequent radiolabeling with 4-[18F]fluorobenzaldehyde gave the bifunctional 18F-labeling agent [18F]FBAM in a radiochemical yield of 29%. In a typical experiment, 3.88 GBq of [18F]fluoride could be converted into 723 MBq of [18F]FBAM within 69 min. Conjugation of [18F]FBAM with thiol groups was exemplified with the cysteine-containing tripeptide glutathione and with various apolipoproteins of human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions. The latter was evaluated with respect to the uptake of [18F]FBAM-LDL subfractions in human hepatoma cells (HepG2) in vitro. In vivo biodistribution studies in rats revealed high stability for [18F]FBAM-LDL subfractions. Moreover, the metabolic fate of [18F]FBAM-LDL subfractions in vivo was delineated by dynamic positron emission tomography studies using a dedicated small animal tomograph. Data were compared to former studies that used the NH2-reactive 18F-labeling agent N-succinimidyl-4-[18F]fluorobenzoate. The compound [18F]FBAM can be considered as an excellent prosthetic group for the selective and mild 18F labeling of thiol-group-containing biomolecules suitable for subsequent investigations in vitro and in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Radiopharmacy, Research Center Rossendorf, POB 51 01 19, D-01314 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berndt
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pietzsch
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wuest
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D007553:Isotope Labeling / Q000379:methods; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D008301:Maleimides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008301:Maleimides; C518594:N-(6-(4-fluorobenzylidene)aminooxyhexyl)maleimide; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals