title: Protective effects of polysaccharide from Euphorbia kansui (Euphorbiaceae) on the swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress in mice.
abstract: The present study examined the effects of derivatives of galactosides and glucosides in a polysaccharide extract from Euphorbia kansui (Euphorbiaceae) on exercise-induced oxidative stress in mice. Exhaustive swimming exercise significantly increases the degree of lipid peroxidation in terms of malondialdehyde content and reduces the antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Our findings revealed that chronic oral treatment with the extract elevates enzymatic activities of SOD and GPx accompanied by a corresponding decrease in malondialdehyde. The antioxidative activities of these compounds against exercise-induced oxidative stress are correlated with various activities such as reducing the production of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, enhancing antioxidative defenses, and increasing the production of SOD and GPx activity and expression in different tissues. These compounds may be involved in glycogen metabolism to meet the requirement of working skeletal muscles and act as antioxidants by terminating the chain reaction of lipid peroxidation to maintain the morphological stability of mitochondria in spinal motor neurons. These observations suggest that E. kansui has antioxidative and antifatigue properties and can be given as prophylactic and (or) therapeutic supplements for increasing antioxidant enzyme activities and preventing lipid peroxidation during strenuous exercise.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Security, Gansu Institute of Political Science and Law, Lanzhou 730070, China. fyu@ufl.edu
authors.forename: Farong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Shunqing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Fahong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Shutao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: Rende
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D028481:Euphorbia / Q000737:chemistry*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000378:metabolism; D005697:Galactosides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005960:Glucosides / Q000494:pharmacology; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008112:Liver Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000187:drug effects; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005697:Galactosides; D005960:Glucosides; D008112:Liver Glycogen; D011134:Polysaccharides; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D002118:Calcium