title: Mysid crustaceans as standard models for the screening and testing of endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
abstract: Investigative efforts into the potential endocrine-disrupting effects of chemicals have mainly concentrated on vertebrates, with significantly less attention paid to understanding potential endocrine disruption in the invertebrates. Given that invertebrates account for at least 95% of all known animal species and are critical to ecosystem structure and function, it remains essential to close this gap in knowledge and research. The lack of progress regarding endocrine disruption in invertebrates is largely due to: (1) our ignorance of mode-of-action, physiological control, and hormone structure and function in invertebrates; (2) lack of a standardized invertebrate assay; (3) the irrelevance to most invertebrates of the proposed activity-based biological indicators for endocrine disruptor (ED) exposure (androgen, estrogen, and thyroid); (4) limited field studies. Past and ongoing research efforts using the standard invertebrate toxicity test model, the mysid shrimp, have aimed at addressing some of these issues. The present review serves as an update to a previous publication on the use of mysids for the evaluation of EDs (Verslycke et al. 2004a). It summarizes recent investigative efforts that have significantly advanced our understanding of invertebrate-specific endocrine toxicity, population modeling, field studies, and transgeneration standard test development using the mysid model.
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, MS#32, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. tim@whoi.edu
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Verslycke
authors.forename: An
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghekiere
authors.forename: Sandy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raimondo
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Janssen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003445:Crustacea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D017753:Ecosystem; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D004702:Endocrine Glands / Q000187:drug effects; D008018:Life Cycle Stages / Q000187:drug effects; D023421:Models, Animal; D010802:Phylogeny; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical