title: HIV DNA and dementia in treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals in Bangkok, Thailand.
abstract: High HIV-1 DNA (HIV DNA) levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) correlate with HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD) in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). If this relationship also exists among HAART-naïve patients, then HIV DNA may be implicated in the pathogenesis of HAD. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between HIV DNA and cognition in subjects naïve to HAART in a neuro AIDS cohort in Bangkok, Thailand. Subjects with and without HAD were recruited and matched for age, gender, education, and CD4 cell count. PBMC and cellular subsets were analyzed for HIV DNA using real-time PCR. The median log(10) HIV DNA copies per 10(6) PBMC for subjects with HAD (n=15) was 4.27, which was higher than that found in subjects without dementia (ND; n=15), 2.28, p<0.001. This finding was unchanged in a multivariate model adjusting for plasma HIV-1 RNA levels. From a small subset of individuals, in which adequate number of cells were available, more HIV DNA was in monocytes/macrophages from those with HAD compared to those with ND. These results are consistent with a previous report among HAART-experienced subjects, thus further implicating HIV DNA in the pathogenesis of HAD.
authors.affiliation: Hawaii AIDS Clinical Research Program, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA. bshirami@hawaii.edu
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shiramizu
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ratto-Kim
authors.forename: Pasiri
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sithinamsuwan
authors.forename: Samart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nidhinandana
authors.forename: Sataporn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thitivichianlert
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Watt
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: deSouza
authors.forename: Thippawan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chuenchitra
authors.forename: Suchitra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sukwit
authors.forename: Suwicha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chitpatima
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shikuma
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Valcour
mesh_terms: D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D003071:Cognition; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D017452:Receptors, IgG