title: Presence of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7 in a survey of wild artiodactyls.
abstract: This study was carried out to evaluate the role of wild artiodactyls as reservoirs of Escherichia coli O157:H7 for livestock and humans. Retroanal mucosal swabs samples from 206 red deer (Cervus elaphus), 20 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), 6 fallow deer (Dama dama) and 11 mouflon (Ovis musimon), collected during the hunting season (autumn-winter) in South-western Spain, were screened. Samples were pre-enriched in modified buffered peptone water, concentrated by an immunomagnetic separation technique and cultured onto selective cefixime tellurite sorbitol MacConkey agar. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the presence of genes coding O157 and H7 antigens and the virulence factors verocytotoxin, intimin and enterohaemolysin. Three E. coli O157:H7 isolates were obtained from red deer (1.5%). Two of them showed inability to ferment sorbitol and lack of beta-d-glucuronidase (GUD) activity, however, the other strain investigated was an atypical sorbitol-fermenting E. coli O157:H7 with GUD(+) activity. This is the first report pointing to red deer as a reservoir of E. coli O157:H7 in Spain.
authors.affiliation: Patología Infecciosa, Departamento de Medicina y Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda de la Universidad s/n, 10071 Cáceres, Spain. alfrgcia@unex.es
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Sánchez
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hermoso de Mendoza
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rey
mesh_terms: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D003670:Deer / Q000382:microbiology*; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D019081:O Antigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012007:Rectum / Q000382:microbiology; D034561:Sheep, Domestic / Q000382:microbiology*; D022603:Shiga Toxins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D019081:O Antigens; D022603:Shiga Toxins; C083758:enterohemolysin-associated protein, E coli; C073819:eaeA protein, E coli