Serologic and immunohistochemical prognostic biomarkers of cutaneous malignancies.
Biomarkers are important tools in clinical diagnosis and prognostic classification of various cutaneous malignancies. Besides clinical and histopathological aspects (e.g. anatomic site and type of the primary tumour, tumour size and invasion depth, ulceration, vascular invasion), an increasing variety of molecular markers have been identified, providing the possibility of a more detailed diagnostic and prognostic subgrouping of tumour entities, up to even changing existing classification systems. Recently published gene expression or proteomic profiling data relate to new marker molecules involved in skin cancer pathogenesis, which may, after validation by suitable studies, represent future prognostic or predictive biomarkers in cutaneous malignancies. We, here, give an overview on currently known serologic and newer immunohistochemical biomarker molecules in the most common cutaneous malignancies, malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma and cutaneous lymphoma, particularly emphasizing their prognostic and predictive significance.
Utikal
Jochen
J
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl-University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68135 Mannheim, Germany.
Schadendorf
Dirk
D
Ugurel
Selma
S
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016410:Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D008545:Melanoma / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor