title: Nutritional status of adult Santal men in Keonjhar District, Orissa, India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although tribal people constitute a sizable proportion of India's population, there is little information on their anthropometric and nutrition status.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was undertaken to study the anthropometric characteristics of adult Santal males. It also attempted to evaluate their nutritional status based on body-mass index (BMI) and mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted of adult (aged > 18 years) male Santals, a tribal population of Keonjhar District, Orissa, India. A total of 332 Santals from five villages (Gourshinga, Kashibera, Kumunia, Majhisahi, and Sonatangri) in the Anandapur Region of Keonjhar District were included in the study. These villages are located approximately 150 km from Bhubaneswar, the provincial capital of Orissa. Anthropometric measurements, including height, weight, and MUAC, were performed according to a standard protocol. Nutritional status was evaluated on the basis of internationally accepted cutoff points of BMI and MUAC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean height, weight, MUAC, and BMI of the men were 162.5 cm, 51.7 kg, 23.7 cm, and 19.6 kg/m2, respectively. The prevalence of undernutrition (chronic energy deficiency [CED]) based on BMI was 26.2%; 3.3%, 3.9%, and 19.0% had grades III, II, and I CED, respectively. According to MUAC cutoff points, the prevalence of undernutrition was 33.7%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The level of undernutrition among adult Santal males was high. Appropriate nutritional intervention programs should be implemented immediately.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India. banda@vsnl.net
authors.forename: Kaushik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bose
authors.forename: Falguni
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.forename: Kapil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.forename: Samiran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bisai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D044382:Population Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D012885:Skinfold Thickness; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors