Social support and self-management of type 2 diabetes among immigrant Australian women.
OBJECTIVE
To elucidate the social meanings and interpretations that immigrant women attach to the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, and the social support and professional advice that they receive following this diagnosis.


METHODS
In-depth interviews were conducted with 16 immigrant women living in Melbourne, Australia, from communities with a higher than average incidence of type 2 diabetes. Women were recruited purposively through general practitioners and community organizations. The women's initial reaction to the diagnosis of diabetes, understandings of the behavioural changes required to control symptoms and prevent complications and the nature of the social and professional supports were discussed. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed, coded and analysed thematically by both authors.


RESULTS
Some women were critical of their doctors but also manipulated their encounters to avoid receiving unwelcome information about the progress of the disease and consequent required changes in management. Social interactions influenced women's adjustments to diagnosis and informed their communication and adaptation of their lives. Choice of support varied by cultural background, but many respondents reflected on the thin line between support and interference. All women found most understanding from others living with diabetes.


CONCLUSIONS
The social context of people with type 2 diabetes is important in facilitating or inhibiting the management of the condition. Variations in attitudes to family and professionals influenced adherence to advice and emphasized the need for appropriate support to women to sustain behavioural change.
Kokanovic
Renata
R
Primary Care Research Unit, Department of General Practice, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. renatak@unimelb.edu.au
Manderson
Lenore
L
D001315:Australia; D003625:Data Collection; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy*; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D012648:Self Care / Q000592:standards*; D012944:Social Support; D016387:Women's Health