title: 2-D DIGE analysis of liver and red blood cells provides further evidence for oxidative stress in schizophrenia.
abstract: The molecular disease mechanisms associated with schizophrenia remain largely unknown. Although primarily considered a disorder of the brain, there is evidence of a peripheral component to schizophrenia. In this study, we investigated liver tissue and red blood cells (RBC) from schizophrenia patients and controls using 2-D DIGE proteomic analysis. Fourteen proteins were significantly altered in liver samples from schizophrenia patients (n = 15) compared to healthy controls (n = 15). Analysis of the schizophrenia RBC proteome revealed 8 proteins significantly altered in samples from schizophrenia patients (13 antipsychotic-treated and 7 drug-naïve) compared to controls (n = 20). Six of the altered proteins in the liver and four of the altered RBC proteins are related to oxidative stress. These results corroborate our earlier findings obtained from post-mortem brain studies and substantiate our hypothesis that metabolic alterations leading to oxidative stress are linked to the schizophrenia disease process. Our results also suggest that at least some of the pathological processes associated with the schizophrenia disease process can be traced in peripheral tissue. If peripheral cells can be used as a disease surrogate, promising new investigative avenues could be explored.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge Centre for Proteomics, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QT, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sudhakaran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prabakaran
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wengenroth
authors.forename: Helen E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Lockstone
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lilley
authors.forename: F Markus
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Leweke
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bahn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D020543:Proteome; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D006454:Hemoglobins; D020543:Proteome