title: Comparison between an event-by-event Monte Carlo code, NOREC, and ETRAN for electron scaled point kernels between 20 keV and 1 MeV.
abstract: An event-by-event Monte Carlo code called NOREC, a substantially improved version of the Oak Ridge electron transport code (OREC), was released in 2003, after a number of modifications to OREC. In spite of some earlier work, the characteristics of the code have not been clearly shown so far, especially for a wide range of electron energies. Therefore, NOREC was used in this study to generate one of the popular dosimetric quantities, the scaled point kernel, for a number of electron energies between 0.02 and 1.0 MeV. Calculated kernels were compared with the most well-known published kernels based on a condensed history Monte Carlo code, ETRAN, to show not only general agreement between the codes for the electron energy range considered but also possible differences between an event-by-event code and a condensed history code. There was general agreement between the kernels within about 5% up to 0.7 r/r (0) for 100 keV and 1 MeV electrons. Note that r/r (0) denotes the scaled distance, where r is the radial distance from the source to the dose point and r (0) is the continuous slowing down approximation (CSDA) range of a mono-energetic electron. For the same range of scaled distances, the discrepancies for 20 and 500 keV electrons were up to 6 and 12%, respectively. Especially, there was more pronounced disagreement for 500 keV electrons than for 20 keV electrons. The degree of disagreement for 500 keV electrons decreased when NOREC results were compared with published EGS4/PRESTA results, producing similar agreement to other electron energies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 94, Houston, TX 77030, USA. sang.cho@me.gatech.edu
authors.forename: Sang Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Oleg N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Vassiliev
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Horton
mesh_terms: D004583:Electrons; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*