title: The effect of montelukast on bronchial hyperreactivity in preschool children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effect of montelukast therapy on bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) as measured by the methacholine challenge test in preschool children has not yet been reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of montelukast (4 mg/d) on BHR as evaluated by a provocative concentration of a substance causing a 20% fall in FEV(1) (PC(20)) values in preschool asthmatic children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 26 preschool children (8 girls) aged 3.3 to 6.0 years (mean [+/- SD] age, 4.7 +/- 0.8 years) with mild asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Double-blind randomized, placebo controlled, crossover study. Each child received 4 weeks of treatment with 4 mg of either montelukast or placebo separated by a 2-week washout period. Primary outcomes were PC(20) values and the stage number (triple dose) at which FEV(1) values dropped by 20%(.) Post-montelukast therapy PC(20) was compared to those for the post-placebo period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following 4 weeks of montelukast treatment, the mean PC(20) was 4.79 +/- 4.69 mg/mL, while after 4 weeks of placebo the mean PC(20) was 2.07 +/- 2.37 mg/mL (p = 0.001). The montelukast/placebo ratio for PC(20) was 2.56 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.71 to 3.99. The median difference in stage was one triple dose with a 95% CI of 0.5 to 1.5.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Four weeks of treatment with montelukast resulted in a decreased BHR compared with placebo.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Rambam Medical Center, PO Box 9602, Haifa, 31092 Israel.
authors.forename: Fahed
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hakim
authors.forename: Daphna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vilozni
authors.forename: Adi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Galit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Livnat
authors.forename: Asher
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tal
authors.forename: Lea
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bentur
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011804:Quinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013147:Spirometry; D013440:Sulfides; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D011804:Quinolines; D013440:Sulfides; C093875:montelukast