title: Screening for hepatitis A virus antibodies among a disadvantaged group of preschool children in Alexandria.
abstract: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) immunity in a group of socially and economically deficient preschool children in Alexandria has been investigated. A total of 228 randomly selected children were enrolled. Saliva was collected from every child using a cotton wool swab. Anti-HAV was investigated in the collected saliva by a competitive ELISA technique utilizing a commercially available kit. The results revealed that among the investigated children 60 (26.3%) were anti-HAV positive. The mean age of anti-HAV positive children was 4.43 years +/- 0.21 years. Ten (33.3%) couples were siblings, 2 (3.3%) children gave a positive history of jaundice. As regards housing conditions; 34 (56.7%) of anti-HAV positive children had indoor sources of water supply and 26 (43.3%) had outdoor ones. The mean crowding index was 3.35 +/- 1.72. Positive anti-HAV was significantly more prevalent among older (P < 0.05) and among female children (P < 0.02). In conclusion, the routine administration of hepatitis A vaccine, combined with improvements in sanitation should reduce the incidence of acute illness and complications associated with the disease thereby decreasing the spread of HAV in developing countries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Omar
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hashish
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D035922:Hepatitis A Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D030041:Hepatitis A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D011203:Poverty; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D035922:Hepatitis A Antibodies