title: In vitro activities of Citrus medica L. cv. Diamante (Diamante citron) relevant to treatment of diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: The present study showed for the first time the in vitro properties (antioxidant, hypoglycaemic and anticholinesterase) of Citrus medica L. cv. Diamante which belongs to the Rutaceae family. The n-hexane extract of Diamante citron peel is characterized by the presence of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The most abundant constituents were two monoterpenes: limonene and gamma-terpinene. The extract showed significant antioxidant activity that was carried out using different assays (DPPH test, beta-carotene bleaching test and bovine brain peroxidation assay). Oxidative damage, caused by the action of free radicals, may initiate and promote the progression of a number of chronic diseases, including diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Diamante citron peel extract showed hypoglycaemic activity and an anticholinesterase effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy. filomena.conforti@unical.it
authors.forename: Filomena
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Conforti
authors.forename: Giancarlo Antonio
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Statti
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tundis
authors.forename: Monica Rosa
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Loizzo
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Menichini
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D053138:Cyclohexenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077222:Limonene; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D039821:Monoterpenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013729:Terpenes; C018669:gamma-terpinene; D000077222:Limonene