title: How does coping help people resist lapses during smoking cessation?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether types of coping strategies have differential effects on preventing lapses and lowering urge levels and to investigate mechanisms by which coping strategies prevent lapses during smoking cessation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-one respondents performed ecological momentary assessment using palm-top computers and tape recorders to report their coping strategies and urge levels before and after temptations to smoke. Multilevel linear regression models were used to compare the effects of individual strategy types with the average strategy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lapses versus resisted temptations and changes in urge levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Number of strategies significantly predicted resisting smoking and change in urge levels. Compared with the effect of the average strategy, movement/exercise was marginally worse at preventing lapses, and food/drink was marginally related to higher postcoping urge levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although using multiple coping strategies helps people resist the urge to smoke, no particular coping strategy works better than any other. Coping strategies prevent lapses by reducing high urge levels during temptations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Behavior Studies, Teachers College Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. oconnell@tc.columbia.edu
authors.forename: Kathleen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: O'Connell
authors.forename: Vanessa L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Hosein
authors.forename: Joseph E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Ruth Q
authors.initials: RQ
authors.lastname: Leibowitz
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome