title: Method of intracranial pressure monitoring and cerebrospinal fluid sampling in swine.
abstract: Cerebral oedema and encephalopathy have been noted to occur frequently in patients severely ill or dying after trauma, ischaemia, infections or even metabolic disorders. The objective of the present study was to establish continuous monitoring of the intracranial pressure (ICP) and sampling of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for further investigations in swine. ICP monitoring was established in eight pigs by using a ventricular drainage system, implemented after paramedian trepanation of the os frontale. CSF and serum samples were taken for measurement of the levels of glucose and protein. Operating time was 21+/-8 min for the trepanation until ICP monitoring was performed. No complications occurred during surgery. Continuous monitoring of ICP and CSF sampling was easy to perform, and without any side-effects in any animal. At autopsy, no iatrogenic lesions were found and monitoring catheters were still in place. For several types of research requiring ICP monitoring and sampling of CSF, this method can be used successfully.
authors.affiliation: Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Germany. gernot.kaiser@uni-due.de
authors.forename: Gernot M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: Nils R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Frühauf
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007427:Intracranial Pressure; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D013552:Swine; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D001798:Blood Proteins; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; D005947:Glucose