title: The chronic intake of a Mediterranean diet enriched in virgin olive oil, decreases nuclear transcription factor kappaB activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nuclear transcription factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays a key role in the inflammatory response and can be modulate by dietary fat. We have examined the effect of three diets, with different fat composition, on the activation of NF-kappaB on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen healthy men followed three 4-week diets, in a randomised crossover design: a Western diet, rich in saturated fat (SFA) [22% SFA, 12% monounsaturated fat (MUFA) and 0, 4 alpha-linolenic acid]; a Mediterranean diet [<10% SFA, 24% MUFA and 0.4% alpha-linolenic acid], and a low fat diet enriched in alpha-linolenic acid [<10% SFA, 12% MUFA and 2% alpha-linolenic acid]. NF-kappaB (electrophoretic mobility shift assay) in mononuclear cells and plasma concentrations (ELISA) of soluble vascular cellular adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) were examined after either diets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Western diet increased 2.7-fold NF-kappaB compared with the Mediterranean diet (p=0.038) and 1.79-fold with the alpha-linolenic acid diet (p=0.07). No differences were found between the last two. Furthermore, an increase on plasma VCAM-1 was observed with the Western diet (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Mediterranean diet diminished NF-kappaB activation in mononuclear cells, compared with Western diet, supporting its cardioprotective properties. The effect of the n-3 enriched diet was intermediate.
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004-Córdoba, Spain. pablopermar@yahoo.es
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perez-Martinez
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lopez-Miranda
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Blanco-Colio
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bellido
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.forename: Juan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delgado-Lista
authors.forename: Jesus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Egido
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perez-Jimenez
mesh_terms: D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013337:Students, Medical; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D016328:NF-kappa B; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1