title: The effect of uterine torsion on mare and foal survival: a retrospective study, 1985--2005.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anecdotal speculation suggests that prognosis for survival of mares and foals following correction of uterine torsion has improved over the past 30 years.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine statistically the outcome of uterine torsion according to duration of clinical signs, stage of gestation, parity, physical examination findings, method of correction, prognosis for survival and reproductive health of the mare, and prospects for the foal within the neonatal period.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study combined cases from 4 equine referral hospitals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The stage of gestation at which uterine torsion occurred was a risk factor for survival of mare and foal. Overall mare survival was 53/63 (84%); when uterine torsion occurred at < 320 days gestation, 36/37 (97%) of mares survived compared to 17/26 (65%) survival rate when uterine torsion occurred at > or = 320 days gestation. Overall foal survival was 54% (29/54). When uterine torsion occurred at < 320 days gestation, 21/29 (72%) foals survived compared to 8/25 (32%) when uterine torsion occurred at > or = 320 days gestation. Thirty mares were discharged from the hospital carrying a viable fetus following uterine torsion correction and 25/30 (83%) of these mares delivered live foals that survived beyond the neonatal period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prognosis for survival for mares and foals following uterine torsion is good and improves if torsion occurs < 320 days compared to > or = 320 days gestation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gestational timing of uterine torsion should be considered when advising clients about the prognosis for survival of the mare and foal. The prognosis for a mare delivering a live foal is good if the mare is discharged from the hospital following uterine torsion correction with a viable fetus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA.
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Chaney
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Holcombe
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: LeBlanc
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hauptman
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Embertson
authors.forename: P O E
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Beard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D006736:Horses; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000662:veterinary*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014102:Torsion Abnormality / Q000662:veterinary; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*