title: Ductal carcinoma in situ: correlations between high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this retrospective study was to determine and correlate contrast-enhanced areas and multiple internal dark dots and lines on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) with findings in surgical specimens of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and to evaluate the ability of HR-MRI to detect DCIS lesions and clarify HR-MRI features characteristic of DCIS.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study retrospectively reviewed 11 patients diagnosed with DCIS who had undergone HR-MRI. Pathological findings and results of HR-MRI were compared, and causes of periductal enhancements were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all patients, HR-MRI using microscopic coils revealed ductally, segmentally, or regionally enhanced areas containing multiple dark dots and lines, representing local enhancement of stroma adjacent to the mammary duct containing DCIS. Neovascularization, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and focal edema occurred in enhanced periductal stroma. Poorly enhanced linear or dot-like structures correlated with dilated mammary ducts displaying necrosis and tumor impaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DCIS was successfully depicted on HR-MRI using a microscopy coil in all 11 cases. Ductal, segmental, or regional areas of enhancement with multiple dark dots and lines on HR-MRI corresponded to mammary glands containing DCIS with periductal enhancement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, 216-8511, Japan. yoshihid@tc4.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanemaki
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Futoshi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akiyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000473:pathology*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000473:pathology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C064925:gadodiamide; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA