A qualitative needs assessment of persons who have experienced traumatic brain injury and their primary family caregivers.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the expressed needs of persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their primary family caregivers.


METHODS
Semistructured interviews with content-analytic techniques to identify respondents' needs.


METHODS
Eighty persons with TBI, with an average time since their most severe TBI of 5.8 years, and 85 primary support persons.


RESULTS
Respondents described their needs via phases that paralleled transitions in settings, treatments, and responsibilities (ie, acute care, in-patient rehabilitation, return home, and living in the community). Prominent themes during in-patient phases included provider quality, emotional support, and understanding the injuries. Prominent themes during the latter 2 phases included guidance, life planning, community integration, and behavioral and emotional issues.


CONCLUSIONS
Participants reported insufficient education and preparation for the future. Current methods of identifying needs may not be based on these populations' perceptions, and often miss the natural divisions of needs that occur over the course of treatment and rehabilitation. To meet their needs, services must be responsive to changes in needs over time, accessible to consumers of services for as long as they are required, and designed to be directed and customized by users.
Rotondi
Armando J
AJ
Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. rotondi@pitt.edu
Sinkule
Jennifer
J
Balzer
Kathleen
K
Harris
Jeffrey
J
Moldovan
Rene
R
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D017028:Caregivers / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D003376:Counseling; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D006701:Home Nursing / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment / Q000458:organization & administration; D010351:Patient Discharge; D012944:Social Support