title: Current approaches to integrating elements of cultural competence in nursing education.
abstract: Cultural competence in nursing education is receiving renewed emphasis. Curricular input to incorporate such knowledge, attitudes, and skills encompasses a wide variety of teaching and learning methods. Five are described here: specialty focus, required courses, models, immersion experiences, and distance learning or simulation. Despite progress in incorporating cultural content into nursing curricula, several issues characterize all levels of nursing programs, including lack of consensus on what should be taught, lack of standards, limited and inconsistent formal evaluation of effectiveness, a decline of curricular specialty courses on culture, a focus on the microlevel of the nurse-patient encounter, and the need for, support of, and preparation of faculty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Systems, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) School of Nursing, USA.
authors.forename: Juliene G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Lipson
authors.forename: Lydia A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: DeSantis
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003479:Curriculum; D020375:Education, Distance; D004507:Education, Nursing, Associate / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004508:Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004511:Education, Nursing, Graduate / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D007393:International Educational Exchange; D017145:Models, Educational; D016294:Models, Nursing; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D015402:Nursing Education Research; D009736:Nursing Process; D016730:Program Development; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016746:Transcultural Nursing / Q000193:education*; D014481:United States