title: Assessing impairment and disability of facial paralysis in patients with vestibular schwannoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate facial impairment and disability with respect to quality of life in patients with facial paresis after vestibular schwannoma surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic, tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  All consecutive patients during a 5-year period who underwent vestibular schwannoma surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The validated, patient-graded Facial Clinimetric Evaluation (FaCE) scale questionnaire was administered to all study patients. Main outcome measures included total and social function FaCE scores. Subgroup analysis was performed on patient factors (age and sex), surgical factors (tumor size and time since operation), and House-Brackmann grade.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 56 FaCE questionnaires were returned (85% response rate): 28 patients (50%) had normal facial function (House-Brackmann grade I), and 28 patients (50%) had abnormal facial function (House-Brackmann grades II-VI). There were no demographic differences between the normal and abnormal groups. The normal group had a total FaCE score of 96.2 compared with 67.1 in the abnormal group (P<.05). Subgroup analysis of patients with facial paresis revealed that age, sex, time since operation, tumor size, and House-Brackmann grade were not statistically significant factors predicting the FaCE social function score (P<.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Facial paresis is an important complication of vestibular schwannoma surgery and will impair a patient's quality of life. The level of impairment may not be predicted by a patient's age, sex, tumor size, time since operation, or severity of facial paresis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. johnm.lee@utoronto.ca
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fung
authors.forename: Steven P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Lownie
authors.forename: Lorne S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Parnes
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005145:Face / Q000502:physiology*; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009464:Neuroma, Acoustic / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires