title: Ultrasonic integrated backscatter discloses intramyocardial hemorrhage in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been reported that intramyocardial hemorrhage (IH) can be detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and IH correlates with the poor prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We examined whether integrated backscatter (IBS) can disclose IH in patients with AMI. We recorded IBS images in 34 patients with AMI who underwent coronary angioplasty within 12 hours of symptom onset.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured calibrated IBS (C-IB) and cyclic variation (CV) in the center of the risk area on the third day after reperfusion. C-IB was calculated as: average IBS value of risk area--average IBS value of intraventricular blood. MRI was performed within 3 days after reperfusion. Regional wall motion score index (RWMSI) was calculated as follows: sum of scores (0 - 4) in risk area/number of segments of risk area. We evaluated left ventricular function using RWMSI shortly and one month after reperfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RWMSI in the IH group (12 cases) was significantly higher than in the non-IH group (2.3+/-0.5 vs. 1.8+/-0.6: P<0.01) one month later, while RWMSI in both groups was almost the same shortly after reperfusion. The IH group showed a significantly higher value of C-IB than the non-IH group (18.6+/-2.0 vs. 16.0+/-1.4: P<0.01), while there were no significant differences in CV values between two groups. Using 17 as a cutoff value of C-IB, C-IB can detect IH with 92% sensitivity and 91% specificity. Using both CV and C-IB, however, IH can be detected more specifically.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasonic IBS, especially C-IB, discloses intramyocardial hemorrhage in patients with reperfused AMI.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Sakai, Osaka, Japan. mnishino@orh.go.jp
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishino
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoshida
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Egami
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Ryu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shutta
authors.forename: Kenjiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tanouchi
authors.forename: Masatsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017130:Angioplasty; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D014463:Ultrasonography