title: A 10-year comparison of explanted Hancock-II and Carpentier-Edwards supraannular bioprostheses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bioprosthetic heart valves are more frequently being used in valve replacement procedures today. Although second-generation bioprosthetic valves have improved functionality over their first-generation counterparts, they still often fail due to primary tissue degeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study examines two second-generation porcine valves after surgical explantation, the Hancock-II (HAN; Medtronic Heart Valve Division, Irvine, CA, USA) and the Carpentier-Edwards supraannular (CE-SAV; Baxter Healthcare Corporation, now Edwards LifeSciences, Irvine, CA, USA), with special attention to morphological/histological changes and reasons for valve failure. A total of 98 HAN and 65 CE-SAV valves were explanted and seen over a 10-year period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CE-SAV valves had a longer average implant duration than HAN valves (13.9+/-3.9 years vs. 10.0+/-5.1 years). Compared with HAN valves, CE-SAV valves also had a higher incidence of stent deformation (41.5% vs. 14.3%), calcification (75.4% vs. 54.1%), and pannus (100% vs. 91.8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The greater degenerative changes seen with CE-SAV valves over HAN valves may be due to the longer implant duration of CE-SAV valves in this series. To our knowledge, the present study is the first direct morphological comparison of these two valve models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Toronto General Hospital/University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. jagdish.butany@uhn.on.ca
authors.forename: Jagdish
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Butany
authors.forename: Shaun W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: Kristopher S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Cruz
authors.forename: Khenan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Carmichael
authors.forename: Terrence M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Yau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D020878:Device Removal; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D013552:Swine