title: Posterior horn lateral meniscal tears simulating meniscofemoral ligament attachment in the setting of ACL tear: MRI findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have noted apparent far lateral meniscal attachment of the meniscofemoral ligament (MFL) with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. This study evaluates MFL attachment and association with posterior horn lateral meniscus (PHLM) tear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine months of knee arthroscopy reports were reviewed to classify the PHLM and ACL as torn or normal. After excluding those with prior knee surgery, MR images were reviewed by two radiologists to determine the number of images lateral to PCL, which showed the ligaments of Humphrey and Wrisberg visible as structures separate from the PHLM. Any patient with abnormal PHLM surface signal not continuous with the MFL was excluded. MRI findings were compared with arthroscopy using Student's t test and Fisher's exact test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 54 participants, 5 had PHLM tears and 49 were normal. Twenty-one had ACL tears; all those with an PHLM tear had an ACL tear. The ligament of Humphrey inserted on average 0.9 consecutive images lateral to the PCL without an PHLM tear and 4.7 with an PHLM tear; the ligament of Wrisberg inserted on average 3.0 consecutive images without an PHLM tear and 4.5 with an PHLM tear (slice thickness/gap = 3 mm/0.5 mm). There was a significant association between PHLM tear and number of images (p = 0.0028), and between ACL tear and this type of PHLM tear (p = 0.0064).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Apparent far lateral meniscal extension of a meniscofemoral ligament (greater than or equal to four images lateral to the PCL) should be considered as a possible PHLM tear, especially in the setting of an ACL tear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center, Dr. TC-2910L, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0326, USA.
authors.forename: Lawrence S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jon A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Jamadar
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Caoili
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalume-Brigido
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wojtys
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000473:pathology*; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D001182:Arthroscopy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008022:Ligaments / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008592:Menisci, Tibial / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012421:Rupture / Q000175:diagnosis; D000070600:Tibial Meniscus Injuries