title: Comparative analysis of predictive biomarkers for therapeutical strategies in colorectal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prognostic information regarding the risk of postoperative tumor recurrence defined by a profile of serological, morphological and/or molecular markers can have potential value, particularly for patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC) of the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) stage II/III who may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of 783 patients with CRC (UICC I-III) including a subgroup analysis of 116 subjects was conducted to determine preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, and p53 serum levels. In addition, protein and gene expression of p53, CEA, and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) was assessed in the tumors of those patients. The values of all serological, morphological, and molecular parameters were correlated with clinicopathological characteristics for their predictive value of tumor recurrence over a mean follow-up period of 32 +/- 6.2 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum CEA but not CA 19-9 or p53 was a significant prognostic factor for disease-free survival, along with UICC and T/N stage. When comparing elevated CEA, CA 19-9, and p53 serum levels with expression of the markers in the tumors, their overall expression was found to be 61.3% in the serum versus 93.5% in the tumor in analyzed patients (n = 116). In particular, all patients in UICC stages I-III who demonstrated at least three elevated markers (CEA/CA 19-9/p53) in serum and/or in the tumor presented with tumor recurrence/metastases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall increased p53, CEA, and CA 19-9 serum levels and their marker expression in the tumor may be used at the time of primary tumor removal for defining patients at risk for tumor recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery I, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstr. 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gasser
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gerstlauer
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grimm
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bueter
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lebedeva
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Maeder
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ribas
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ribas
authors.forename: Ekaterina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nichiporuk
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thalheimer
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Heemann
authors.forename: Arnulf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thiede
authors.forename: Detlef
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Ana Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Waaga-Gasser
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53