title: Isolation and characterization of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene mineralizing Bordetella sp. and its bioremediation potential in soil.
abstract: A soil which has been polluted with chlorinated benzenes for more than 25 years was used for isolation of adapted microorganisms able to mineralize 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-TCB). A microbial community was enriched from this soil and acclimated in liquid culture under aerobic conditions using 1,2,4-TCB as a sole available carbon source. From this community, two strains were isolated and identified by comparative sequence analysis of their 16S-rRNA coding genes as members of the genus Bordetella with Bordetella sp. QJ2-5 as the highest homological strain and with Bordetella petrii as the closest related described species. The 16S-rDNA of the two isolated strains showed a similarity of 100%. These strains were able to mineralize 1,2,4-TCB within two weeks to approximately 50% in liquid culture experiments. One of these strains was reinoculated to an agricultural soil with low native 1,2,4-TCB degradation capacity to investigate its bioremediation potential. The reinoculated strain kept its biodegradation capability: (14)C-labeled 1,2,4-TCB applied to this inoculated soil was mineralized to about 40% within one month of incubation. This indicates a possible application of the isolated Bordetella sp. for bioremediation of 1,2,4-TCB contaminated sites.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Soil Ecology, GSF - National Research Center for Environment and Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grundmann
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dörfler
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roherer
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Charles Munch
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Reiner
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schroll
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001884:Bordetella / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D002722:Chlorobenzenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000032:analysis; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002722:Chlorobenzenes; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C009947:1,2,4-trichlorobenzene