Matrix metalloproteinases in corneal inflammation.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of calcium-dependent, zinc-containing endoproteinases capable of degrading the extracellular matrix and basement membrane. Many inflammatory stimuli, such as wound healing, ultraviolet, hyperosmolarity, and stress, can stimulate production of inflammatory cytokines and a variety of MMPs, including gelatinases, collagenases, and stromelysins. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors can further promote the production of MMPs. Thus, MMPs participate in and promote the inflammation process. MMP-9 may be a most important amplifying factor for corneal inflammation. Mitogen activated protein kinases are involved in MMPs amplified inflammation. These pathway studies provide new therapeutic potential to block MMP mediated inflammation.
Li
De-Quan
DQ
Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. dequanl@bcm.tmc.edu
Pflugfelder
Stephen C
SC