Effects of mechanical flexion on the penetration of fullerene amino acid-derivatized peptide nanoparticles through skin.
Dermatomed porcine skin was fixed to a flexing device and topically dosed with 33.5 mg.mL-1 of an aqueous solution of a fullerene-substituted phenylalanine (Baa) derivative of a nuclear localization peptide sequence (Baa-Lys(FITC)-NLS). Skin was flexed for 60 or 90 min or left unflexed (control). Confocal microscopy depicted dermal penetration of the nanoparticles at 8 h in skin flexed for 60 and 90 min, whereas Baa-Lys(FITC)-NLS did not penetrate into the dermis of unflexed skin until 24 h. TEM analysis revealed fullerene-peptide localization within the intercellular spaces of the stratum granulosum.
Rouse
Jillian G
JG
Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA.
Yang
Jianzhong
J
Ryman-Rasmussen
Jessica P
JP
Barron
Andrew R
AR
Monteiro-Riviere
Nancy A
NA
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; D037741:Fullerenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals; D010455:Peptides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012869:Skin Absorption
D000596:Amino Acids; D037741:Fullerenes; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals; D010455:Peptides; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate