title: Laboratory screening at preventive health exams: trend of testing, 1978-2004.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Routine laboratory screening at preventive health exams continues to be a common practice despite expert opinion dating back to 1979 that supports only a few screening tests for apparently healthy adults. This report describes trends in such testing over a 27-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary care physicians were surveyed five times between 1978 and 2004 at a yearly educational meeting in Colorado. Based on case vignettes describing two apparently healthy adults, physicians indicated which laboratory tests they would routinely order.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of a total of 2364 surveys collected during years 1978, 1983, 1988, 1999, and 2004, the corresponding percentage of physicians respondents who state they would order the following tests for a healthy man aged 35 years were: complete blood count (CBC) (87, 75, 73, 49, 46); urinalysis (UA) (93, 86, 79, 52, 44); chemistry panel (CHEM) (57, 48, 36, 43, 55); and electrocardiogram (ECG) (37, 27, 24, 9, 6). For a healthy woman aged 55 years, the corresponding percentages for each test were: CBC (89, 89, 86, 64, 67); UA (96, 93, 88, 62, 55); CHEM (70, 70, 66, 57, 76); ECG (63, 51, 51, 33, 29); and thyroid stimulating hormone (14, 20, 28, 42, 57).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although currently practicing physicians continue to report that they order screening tests for apparently healthy people, this practice appears to have decreased over the past 27 years. This trend may reflect expert guidelines and emphasis on medical cost containment.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado, USA. karen.chacko@uchsc.edu
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Chacko
authors.forename: Lawrence E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Feinberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends*; D003120:Colorado; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010808:Physical Examination; D014481:United States