title: The effect of a bifidobacter supplemented bovine milk on intestinal permeability of preterm infants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preterm infants have increased intestinal permeability which can render them susceptible to infections from enterobacteriae.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The primary objective was to investigate whether probiotic administration to preterm infants decreases intestinal permeability. Secondary outcomes studied were: somatic growth, tolerance, rates of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective randomized case-control study 41 stable preterm infants of 27 to 36 weeks gestation and 34 matched comparison infants consecutively admitted to the neonatal unit were studied. The study group received a preterm formula supplemented with Bifidobacter lactis (2 x 10(7) cfu/g of dry milk) while the control group received the same formula but without supplementation. Intestinal permeability was measured within two days of birth and then seven and thirty days later using the sugar absorption test. Additionally anthropometric parameters were recorded throughout the study as well as acceptance and tolerance of the formula.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All infants tolerated the study formula well. Median counts of stool bifidobacteria and lactulose/mannitol ratios at baseline were comparable. After 7 days of supplementation median bifidobacteria counts were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (p=0.0356) and they remained higher to the end of the study (p at day 30=0.075). The L/M ratio in the study group was significantly lower at day 30 of the study as compared to the control group (p=0.003). Head growth was significantly higher in the study group (p=0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The administration of a bifidobacter supplemented infant formula decreases intestinal permeability of preterm infants and leads to increased head growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatal Medicine, Alexandra Regional General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Stratiki
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Costalos
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sevastiadou
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kastanidou
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skouroliakou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giakoumatou
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Petrohilou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001644:Bifidobacterium; D049628:Body Size / Q000187:drug effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006257:Head / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D041943:Infant Formula; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000254:growth & development; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007785:Lactose; D008353:Mannitol; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology; D010539:Permeability; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D008353:Mannitol; D007785:Lactose