title: Preparation, stabilization and characterization of TiO(2) on thin polyethylene films (LDPE). Photocatalytic applications.
abstract: An innovative way to fix preformed nanocrystalline TiO(2) on low-density polyethylene film (LDPE-TiO(2)) is presented. The LDPE-TiO(2) film was able to mediate the complete photodiscoloration of Orange II using about seven times less catalyst than a TiO(2) suspension and proceeded with a photonic efficiency of approximately 0.02. The catalyst shows photostability over long operational periods during the photodiscoloration of the azo dye Orange II. The LDPE-TiO(2) catalyst leads to full dye discoloration under simulated solar light but only to a 30% TOC reduction since long-lived intermediates generated in solution seem to preclude full mineralization of the dye. Physical insight is provided into the mechanism of stabilization of the LDPE-TiO(2) composite during the photocatalytic process by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The adherence of TiO(2) on LDPE is investigated by electron microscopy (EM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The thickness of the TiO(2) film is seen to vary between 1.25 and 1.69 microm for an unused LDPE-TiO(2) film and between 1.31 and 1.50 microm for a sample irradiated 10h during Orange II discoloration pointing out to a higher compactness of the TiO(2) film after the photocatalysis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, LGRC, Station 6, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhiyong
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mielczarski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mielczarski
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Laub
authors.forename: Ph
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buffat
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Klehm
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Albers
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kulik
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kiwi-Minsker
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Renken
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kiwi
mesh_terms: D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000737:chemistry; D002384:Catalysis; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010782:Photolysis; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D020959:Polyethylene / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C009495:titanium dioxide; D020959:Polyethylene; D014025:Titanium; C014722:2-naphthol orange