title: A novel method to oxygenate intraocular irrigation fluids with an in-line oxygenator.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We describe a novel method to oxygenate intraocular irrigation solutions involving an in-line oxygenator.
  
  
  METHODS
  Either lactated Ringer (LR) solution or balanced salt solution (BSS) was oxygenated with the FE390 Stainless In-line Oxygenation Assembly (Beer, Beer, and More Beer, Concord, CA). After running a 100-mL of solution through the in-line oxygenator, oxygen saturation was measured with a dissolved oxygen meter. A control experiment involving the oxygenator without oxygen perfusion was performed. Paired t-tests were used to compare oxygen saturation changes before and after oxygenation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In comparison with the original BSS, there was an increase in oxygen saturation of 162 +/- 47% (n = 40; P < 0.05). Without oxygenation perfusion, there was only a 24 +/- 14% (n = 40) increase in oxygen levels in BSS, which was significantly lower than that in treated BSS (P < 0.05). In comparison with the original LR solution, there was an increase in oxygen saturation of 208 +/- 21% (n = 40; P < 0.05). Without oxygenation perfusion, there was only a 21 +/- 9% (n = 40) gain in oxygen saturation in the control LR solution, which was statistically lower as well (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The in-line oxygenator is an efficient tool for oxygenating BSS and LR solution. It represents a potential efficient and convenient method to oxygenate irrigating solutions for vitreoretinal surgeries.
authors.affiliation: Doheny Retina Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Rahul N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Khurana
authors.forename: Yun-Hsiang
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Aaron C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: Gildo Y
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Juan
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Humayun
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008903:Minerals / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000379:methods; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010106:Oxygenators; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; C030660:BSS solution; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D008903:Minerals; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D010100:Oxygen