title: Influence of a brushing working motion on the fatigue life of NiTi rotary instruments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the cyclic fatigue resistance of Mtwo NiTi rotary instruments when used with a brushing or no-brushing action in oval root canals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cyclic fatigue testing of instruments was performed in tapered artificial canals with a 5 mm radius of curvature and an angle of curvature of 60 degrees. Twenty Mtwo instruments for each size were selected and divided into two groups: group A = 10 instruments used with a no-brushing motion (control group); group B = 10 instruments used with a brushing-milling action. Each Mtwo instrument was used for cleaning and shaping 10 oval root canals. In all 80 instruments were rotated until fracture occurred and the number of cycles to failure (NCF) recorded. Data were analysed by one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD test and independent sample t-test to determine any statistical difference; the significance was determined at the 95% confidence level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant reduction of NCF between instruments used with a no-brushing motion (group A) and instruments used with a brushing motion (group B) were apparent except for size 25, 0.06 taper. Mtwo size 10, 0.04 taper, size 15, 0.05 taper, size 20, 0.06 taper, size 25, 0.06 taper instruments had a decrease in life span of 1%, 0.5%, 8% and 19%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fatigue life of instruments of larger size could be reduced by using them with a lateral brushing or pressing movement. However, each file was successfully operated without intracanal failure, demonstrating that Mtwo rotary instruments can be used safely in a brushing action in simulated clinical conditions up to 10 times in oval canals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy. gplotino@fastwebnet.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Plotino
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Grande
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sorci
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Malagnino
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Somma
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003762:Dental Instruments; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008963:Molar; D009532:Nickel; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; C040654:titanium nickelide; D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium