Effect of oxygenated intraocular irrigation solutions on the electroretinogram after vitrectomy.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of oxygenated intraocular irrigating solutions on electroretinograms (ERGs) for postvitrectomy rabbits.


METHODS
Eight groups of five rabbits each underwent pars plana vitrectomy on the right eye; the left eye of each rabbit served as control. The intraocular irrigating solutions were balanced salt solution (BSS), BSS-plus, BSS + oxygen (BSS + O2), BSS-plus + O2, and combinations of each with the addition of endoillumination (L). All animals were evaluated by single-flash scotopic electroretinography on the operated and nonoperated eyes before surgery and at 1 hour, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after surgery by an unmasked observer. The main outcome measures were dark-adapted b-wave amplitudes of operated eye/nonoperated eye ratios. The results for the different groups were compared by analysis of variance.


RESULTS
Mean dark-adapted b-wave amplitudes of operated eye/nonoperated eye ratios +/- SD for BSS-plus and BSS-plus + O2 before surgery and 1 hour, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after surgery were 1.01 +/- 0.09, 0.50 +/- 0.11, 0.95 +/- 0.11, 0.97 +/- 0.11, and 0.99 +/- 0.08 and 0.98 +/- 0.08, 0.59 +/- 0.10, 0.92 +/- 0.06, 0.97 +/- 0.08, and 0.97 +/- 0.10, respectively. At both 1 hour and 1 day after surgery, rabbits treated with BSS-plus + O2 had an earlier b-wave return to baseline findings, but the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Mean dark-adapted b-wave amplitudes of operated eye/nonoperated eye ratios +/- SD for BSS and BSS + O2 before surgery and 1 hour, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after surgery were 1.02 +/- 0.10, 0.47 +/- 0.09, 0.77 +/- 0.07, 0.89 +/- 0.07, and 0.89 +/- 0.07 and 1.02 +/- 0.06, 0.62 +/- 0.16, 0.94 +/- 0.09, 0.97 +/- 0.08, and 0.96 +/- 0.06, respectively. One hour and 1 day after surgery, ERG readings for rabbits treated with BSS + O2 exhibited a statistically significantly earlier return of ERG voltage to baseline values compared with both BSS and BSS + L (P = 0.05 and P = 0.02, respectively). One day after surgery, rabbits treated with BSS alone had the lowest ERG ratios. One week and 1 month after surgery, for all solutions tested other than BSS, ERG values were within normal limits.


CONCLUSIONS
The use of oxygenated solutions appears to affect ERG readings after pars plana vitrectomy. Further studies to evaluate the role of oxygenated solutions in different vitreoretinal surgical procedures are warranted.
Javaheri
Michael
M
Doheny Retina Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.
Fujii
Gildo Y
GY
Rossi
Juliana V
JV
Panzan
Carla Q
CQ
Yanai
Douglas
D
Lakhanpal
Rohit R
RR
Maia
Mauricio
M
Khurana
Rahul N
RN
Guven
Dilek
D
De Juan
Eugene
E
Humayun
Mark S
MS
D000085:Acetates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003623:Dark Adaptation; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004596:Electroretinography / Q000187:drug effects*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008903:Minerals / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010106:Oxygenators; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011817:Rabbits; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology*; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014821:Vitrectomy
D000085:Acetates; C030660:BSS solution; D001639:Bicarbonates; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D008903:Minerals; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; C013003:glutathione-bicarbonate-Ringer solution; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D005978:Glutathione; D010100:Oxygen