title: Effects of radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy on tongue strength and swallowing in patients with oral cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oral tongue strength and swallowing ability are reduced in patients treated with chemoradiotherapy for oral and oropharyngeal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with oral or oropharyngeal cancer treated with high-dose chemoradiotherapy underwent tongue strength, swallowing, and dietary assessments at pretreatment and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment. Tongue strength was assessed using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI). Oral and pharyngeal residue was evaluated utilizing videofluoroscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean maximum tongue strength dropped a nonsignificant amount immediately after treatment, and then increased significantly at 6- and 12-months posttreatment completion. Analyses were adjusted for patient dropout. Tongue strength was not significantly correlated with swallow observations of percentage oral and pharyngeal residue. Ability to eat various diet consistencies was reduced after treatment but improved over time at a rate similar to changes in oral intake and type of diet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parallel but not significant changes in oral intake, diet, and tongue strength in the first year post chemoradiation therapy need further study in a larger population.
authors.affiliation: Voice, Speech and Language Service and Swallowing Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lazarus
authors.forename: Jeri A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Logemann
authors.forename: Barbara Roa
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Pauloski
authors.forename: Alfred W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Rademaker
authors.forename: Irene B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Helenowski
authors.forename: Edward F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Vonesh
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maccracken
authors.forename: Bharat B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Mittal
authors.forename: Everett E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Vokes
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Haraf
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003679:Deglutition / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014059:Tongue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D016190:Carboplatin; D017239:Paclitaxel