title: Role of interleukin-8 and growth-regulated oncogene-alpha in the chemotactic migration of all-trans retinoic acid-treated promyelocytic leukemic cells toward alveolar epithelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) can treat acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), it also causes retinoic acid syndrome with presentations similar to acute respiratory distress syndrome. We investigated the role of interleukin (IL)-8 and growth-regulated oncogene (GRO)-alpha in the chemotactic transmigration of ATRA-treated NB4 (ATRA-NB4) APL cells toward A549 alveolar epithelial cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  An in vitro human cell culture study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital research laboratories.
  
  
  METHODS
  NB4 and A549 cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  NB4 and A549 cells were separately cultured with ATRA and/or dexamethasone for 1-3 days. NB4 or ATRA-NB4 cells were then placed in an upper insert and co-incubated with A549 cells or their conditioned medium located in a lower plate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ATRA stimulated NB4 cells to transmigrate toward the A549 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Replacement of A459 condition medium by its original medium abrogated this transmigration. Only A549 cells constitutively secreted GRO-alpha, and both A549 and NB4 cells constitutively secreted IL-8, which was enhanced by ATRA. Exogenous administration of IL-8 or GRO-alpha also promoted the ATRA-NB4 transmigration. The binding assay demonstrated that ATRA-NB4 cells bound IL-8, but not GRO-alpha, more avidly. Pretreatment with antibodies directed against IL-8 and GRO-alpha receptors reduced ATRA-NB4 transmigration by about 60%. Dexamethasone did not suppress their IL-8 secretion and transmigration in ATRA-NB4 cells, but when applied to A549 cells, IL-8 secretion was suppressed but not GRO-alpha secretion, and there was attenuation of ATRA-NB4 transmigration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-8 and GRO-alpha secreted from alveolar epithelial cells play an important role in the cell-cell interaction involved in the chemotactic transmigration of ATRA-treated APL cells toward alveolar epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wen-Hui
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Hui-Chi
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Chiou-Chyn
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chi-Kuan
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Yu Ru
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Kou
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000502:physiology*; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000502:physiology*; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C475829:CXCL1 protein, human; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014212:Tretinoin