title: Apparent diffusion coefficient mapping of salivary gland tumors: prediction of the benignancy and malignancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Preoperative prediction of tumor malignancy is clinically very important, because this information strongly influences the surgical plan. We evaluate the preoperative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps of benign and malignant salivary gland tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  High-resolution MR imaging was performed on 31 patients with benign or malignant salivary gland tumors; ADC maps of the tumors were also obtained. Surface coils of 47 or 110 mm diameter were used to improve the image resolution. The ADCs were compared with histologic features of the excised tumors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ADC maps effectively depicted the histologic features of the salivary gland tumors, such as presence of cancer cells, myxomatous tissues, fibrosis, necrosis, cyst formation, and lymphoid tissues. The ADC maps showed that more frequent areas with high ADCs (> or = 1.8 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s) were significantly greater in benign tumors than in malignant tumors. The sensitivity and specificity for high ADC occupying fewer than 5% of the area of a tumor was 89% and 100%, respectively, resulting in 97% accuracy, 100% positive predictive value, and 96% negative predictive value.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ADC may provide preoperative tissue characterization of the salivary gland tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Cancer Biology, Nagasaki University School of Dentistry, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sumi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakihama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000473:pathology; D012466:Salivary Gland Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013361:Sublingual Gland / Q000473:pathology; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000473:pathology