title: Sphincter incontinence: is regenerative medicine the best alternative to restore urinary or anal sphincter function?
abstract: Incontinence is a major public health concern in aging societies. It is caused by age-dependent spontaneous apoptosis of muscle cells in the urinary and fecal sphincters, and is aggravated in women due to birth trauma. Compared to other currently employed invasive surgical management techniques associated with morbidity and recurrence, replacement or regeneration of dysfunctional sphincter through stem cell therapy and tissue engineering techniques hold great promise. This review focuses on the pathophysiological analysis of urinary incontinence and the possible application of muscle-derived-stem cells, satellite cells, chondrocytes and adipose-derived-stem cells in restoring sphincter functions.
authors.affiliation: Embryonic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Switzerland. anis.feki@hcuge.ch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Feki
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Faltin
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: J-B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Dubuisson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Irion
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000294:innervation / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020127:Recovery of Function; D044968:Regenerative Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D014521:Urethra / Q000294:innervation / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*