title: Diagnosis of peritonitis using near-infrared optical imaging of in vivo labeled monocytes-macrophages.
abstract: Peritonitis is an inflammatory process characterized by massive monocytes-macrophages infiltration. Since early diagnosis is important for a successful therapeutic outcome, the feasibility for a selective labeling and imaging of macrophages for highly sensitive optical imaging was assessed. After in vitro incubation of mouse macrophages J774A.1 with the far-red/near-infrared fluorochrome DY-676, distinct fluorescence intensities (1026+/-142 a.u.) were detected as compared to controls (552+/-54 a.u.) using a whole-body small animal near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging system. Macrophage labeling was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting, (FACS). The fluorochrome was also found to be predominantly distributed within compartments in the cytoplasm. Additionally, peritonitis was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of zymosanA. After intravenous injection of fluorochrome (55 nmol/kg) and using whole-body fluorescence imaging, higher fluorescence intensities (869+/-151 a.u.) were detected in the peritoneal area of diseased mice as compared to controls (188+/-41 a.u.). Furthermore, cells isolated from peritoneal lavage revealed the presence of labeled monocytes-macrophages. The results indicate that in vivo diagnosis of peritonitis by near-infrared optical imaging of labeled monocytes-macrophages is feasible. Possibly, early stages of other inflammatory diseases could also be detected by the proposed diagnostic method in the long term.
authors.affiliation: Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, FZL Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany. Marcus.Lisy@med.uni-jena.de
authors.forename: Marcus-René
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Lisy
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schüler
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Czerney
authors.forename: Werner A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hilger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002232:Carbocyanines; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007211:Indoles; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D051598:Whole Body Imaging / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002232:Carbocyanines; C573549:DY-676; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007211:Indoles