title: Analysis of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, interleukin-10, IL-6, and interferon-gamma gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic periodontitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cytokine gene polymorphisms may have an impact on the susceptibility to and progression of chronic periodontitis. In this study, we analyzed the -1082 interleukin-10 (IL-10), -308 tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1) (codons 10 and 25), -174IL-6, and +874 interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms in a cohort of patients with chronic periodontal disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  The diagnosis was made on the basis of standardized clinical and radiographic criteria. A total of 122 adult patients with chronic periodontitis and 114 unrelated, ethnically and age-matched white control subjects were genotyped by a polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of individuals carrying the -174IL-6 CC genotype was significantly higher in the group of patients than in the control group (odds ratio [OR] = 1.896; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.106 to 3.250; P = 0.0283). The TGF-beta1 (codon 25) GG (Arg(25)/Arg(25)) genotype was detected more frequently in control subjects than in periodontitis patients (OR = 0.459; 95% CI = 0.230 to 0.920; P = 0.0421).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The -174IL-6 and TGF-beta1 (codon 25) single-nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to chronic periodontitis in the population studied.
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Transplant Research Laboratory, Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany. nina.babel@charite.de
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Babel
authors.forename: Georgy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cherepnev
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Babel
authors.forename: Alla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tropmann
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hammer
authors.forename: Hans-Dieter
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Volk
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reinke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012016:Reference Values; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma