title: Effects of growth hormone on growth, insulin resistance and related hormones (ghrelin, leptin and adiponectin) in Turner syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Concomitant evaluation of the metabolic and growth-promoting effects of growth hormone (GH) therapy in Turner syndrome (TS) may be used in the prediction of the growth response to GH therapy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the metabolic effects of GH therapy in TS and correlation with the short-term growth response.
  
  
  METHODS
  24 prepubertal children with TS, aged 9.4 +/- 2.6 years were followed for auxology and IGF-I, IGFBP-3, leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, lipids and OGTT results in a prospective multicenter study.
  
  
  METHODS
  GH (Genotropin) in a dose of 50 microg/kg/day for 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Height standard deviation score (SDS) increased from -3.9 +/- 1.5 to -3.5 +/- 1.4 (p = 0.000) on therapy. BMI did not change. IGF-I SDS increased from -2.3 +/- 0.4 to -1.6 +/- 1.1 at 3 and 6 months (p = 0.001) and decreased thereafter. Serum leptin decreased significantly from 2.3 +/- 3.9 to 1.7 +/- 5.3 ng/ml (p = 0.022) at 3 months and increased afterwards. Serum ghrelin decreased from 1.2 +/- 0.8 to 0.9 +/- 0.4 ng/ml (p = 0.005) with no change in adiponectin. Basal and stimulated insulin levels also increased significantly. Delta height SDS over 1 year showed a significant correlation with Delta IGF-I(0-3 months) (r = 0.450, p = 0.027).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IGF-I may be considered as a marker of growth response in TS at short term. Leptin shows a decrease at short term but does not have a correlation with growth response. The decrease in ghrelin in face of unchanged weight seems to be associated with increase in IGF-I and insulin levels. The unchanged adiponectin levels in spite of an increase in insulin levels indicates that adiponectin is mainly affected by weight, not insulin.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. feyzad@istanbul.edu.tr
authors.forename: Feyza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Darendeliler
authors.forename: Zehra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Aycan
authors.forename: Ergun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cetinkaya
authors.forename: Sadi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vidilisan
authors.forename: Firdevs
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bas
authors.forename: Aysun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bideci
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Demirel
authors.forename: Sukran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Darcan
authors.forename: Atilla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buyukgebiz
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.forename: Merih
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berberoglu
authors.forename: Ilknur
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arslanoglu
authors.forename: Ruveyde
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bundak
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D054439:Ghrelin; D006128:Growth / Q000187:drug effects*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D054439:Ghrelin; D020738:Leptin; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D014280:Triglycerides; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D002784:Cholesterol