title: Characterisation of microbial biocoenosis in vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands.
abstract: In this study a quantitative description of the microbial biocoenosis in subsurface vertical flow constructed wetlands fed with municipal wastewater was carried out. Three different methods (substrate induced respiration, ATP measurement and fumigation-extraction) were applied to measure the microbial biomass at different depths of planted and unplanted systems. Additionally, bacterial biomass was determined by epifluorescence microscopy and productivity was measured via (14)C leucine incorporation into bacterial biomass. All methods showed that >50% of microbial biomass and bacterial activity could be found in the first cm and about 95% in the first 10 cm of the filter layer. Bacterial biomass in the first 10 cm of the filter body accounted only for 16-19% of the total microbial biomass. Whether fungi or methodical uncertainties are mainly responsible for the difference between microbial and bacterial biomass remains to be examined. A comparison between the purification performance of planted and unplanted pilot-scale subsurface vertical flow constructed wetlands (PSCWs) showed no significant difference with the exception of the reduction of enterococci. The microbial biomass in all depths of the filter body was also not different in planted and unplanted systems. Compared with data from soils the microbial biomass in the PSCWs was high, although the specific surface area of the used sandy filter material available for biofilm growth was lower, especially in the beginning of the set-up of the PSCWs, due to missing clay and silt fraction.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Water Pollution Control, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. alexandra.tietz@boku.ac.at
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tietz
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kirschner
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Langergraber
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sleytr
authors.forename: Raimund
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haberl
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical