title: Increased risk of cerebral hemorrhage in Chinese male heavy drinkers with mild liver disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epidemiological evidence suggests that heavy alcohol consumption increases the risk for either stroke or liver disease. The goal of this study was to determine whether heavy drinkers with mild liver disorder (MLD) are at risk of hemorrhagic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  All of the 524 patients recruited were males with a first-ever acute stroke and were consecutively admitted to the Tri-Service General Hospital between January 2000 and December 2001. The risk factors, liver function, stroke subtypes, and hemostatic factors were assessed among 68 patients defined as heavy drinker stroke (HDS) and 456 patients as non-heavy drinker stroke (NHDS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  HDS patients had a significantly higher incidence of hemorrhagic stroke than NHDS patients. HDS patients were also associated with significantly higher occurrence of cigarette smoking, hyperuricemia, liver dysfunction, and significantly lower platelet counts. HDS patients with MLD were more likely to have hemorrhagic stroke (76.5%) than HDS patients without MLD (33.3%) and NHDS patients with (40.3%) or without (26.7%) MLD. HDS patients with MLD also exhibited a significantly higher glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase/glutamic pyruvic transaminase ratio (2.0 +/- 1.2) and lower platelet number (185,000 +/- 85,000 per microl) when compared with HDS patients without MLD (1.4 +/- 0.5; 206,000 +/- 59,000 per microl) and NHDS patients with (1.1 +/- 1.0; 256,000 +/- 97,000 per microl) or without (1.4 +/- 0.7; 216,000 +/- 68,000 per microl) MLD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HDS patients with MLD are at higher risk for hemorrhagic stroke in part due to the changes in hemostatic factors, although other factors may also contribute to hemorrhagic stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (ROC). penggs@ndmctsgh.edu.tw
authors.forename: Giia-Sheun
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Shih-Jiun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Chun-An
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Shao-Wen
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Jiunn-Tay
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Wei-Wen
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jiann-Chyun
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yaw-Don
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000150:complications; D015994:Incidence; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010976:Platelet Count; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase