title: Cranioplasty for midline metopic suture defects in adults with cleidocranial dysplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with cleidocranial dysplasia often express concerns related to their perception of an undesirable esthetic appearance of their forehead and skull because of a combination of the persistence of metopic suture defects and frontal bossing. This case series reviews the use of a cranioplasty technique that has been developed to address such concerns.
  
  
  METHODS
  A series of 7 adult patients with cleidocranial dysplasia were treated using a cranioplasty technique to correct visible metopic suture defects in the forehead region. The patients were 4 males and 3 females with a mean age of 29.0 years. All 7 patients underwent identical cranioplasty procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The metopic suture cranial defects were found to range in size from 0.6 to 2.4 cm in diameter and were present as full-thickness osseous defects in 4 of the 7 patients. All postoperative complications resolved spontaneously. Inpatient admission times ranged from 1 to 3 days. Follow-up ranged from 9 to 48 months with satisfactory subjective esthetic outcomes. The patients were content in all cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This cranioplasty procedure successfully addresses the specific esthetic concerns of a rare and unique group of individuals. The procedure can be offered to cleidocranial dysplasia patients as part of their overall comprehensive craniomaxillofacial management.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Taylor P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: Petrus P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: David K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: George K B
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Sándor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002973:Cleidocranial Dysplasia / Q000601:surgery*; D003393:Cranial Sutures / Q000601:surgery*; D003399:Craniotomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive