Somatic mutations at the trinucleotide repeats of androgen receptor gene in male hepatocellular carcinoma.
Androgen and androgen receptor (AR) have long been implicated in liver carcinogenesis, especially for the male dominance feature. However, whether AR gene could occur in somatic mutations that might contribute to this process has not yet been studied. DNA sequencing and genotyping were conducted for detecting the genetic aberrations of AR gene in 257 primary hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and also the dysplastic nodules (DN) from another 11 patients. Twenty-one AR somatic mutations causing amino acid changes were identified in HCC and even in the precancerous DN. The missense somatic mutations of AR were rare in HCC (2 cases) but the trinucleotide repeat (TNR) changes, both at (CAG)n and (GGC)n, was a more common one (19 cases). Notably, all these mutations occurred in male patients and most TNR changes belonged to the contraction type (15 out of 19 cases, 78.9%), which has been reported to associate with increased AR transcriptional activity. Most samples with TNR changes did not show microsatellite instability, suggesting a different cause for these TNR mutations. Although no significant correlation was identified between AR mutations and the clinicopathologic parameters, we found the (CAG)n length significantly shorter in hepatitis B virus (HBV)(+) HCCs than in HBV(-) HCCs and the (GGC)n length significantly correlates with the overall survival. In conclusion, the mis-sense somatic mutations of AR were rare in HCC but the TNR change was a more common one, which exclusively occurred in males. Moreover, the length of TNR carried clinical significance in special HCC group.
Yeh
Shiou-Hwei
SH
Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. shyeh@ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw
Chiu
Chi-Ming
CM
Chen
Chi-Ling
CL
Lu
Shu-Fen
SF
Hsu
Hey-Chi
HC
Chen
Ding-Shinn
DS
Chen
Pei-Jer
PJ
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D016174:Hepacivirus; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics; D006515:Hepatitis B virus; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020125:Mutation, Missense / Q000235:genetics*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D018911:Trinucleotide Repeats / Q000235:genetics*
C410798:AR protein, human; D011944:Receptors, Androgen