title: Successful bone marrow transplantation in a patient with DNA ligase IV deficiency and bone marrow failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  DNA Ligase IV deficiency syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by hypomorphic mutations in the DNA ligase IV gene (LIG4). The clinical phenotype shows overlap with a number of other rare syndromes, including Seckel syndrome, Nijmegen breakage syndrome, and Fanconi anemia. Thus the clinical diagnosis is often delayed and established by exclusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe a patient with pre- and postnatal growth retardation and dysmorphic facial features in whom the diagnoses of Seckel-, Dubowitz-, and Nijmegen breakage syndrome were variably considered. Cellular radiosensitivity in the absence of clinical manifestations of Ataxia telangiectasia lead to the diagnosis of DNA ligase IV (LIG4) deficiency syndrome, confirmed by compound heterozygous mutations in the LIG4 gene. At age 11, after a six year history of progressive bone marrow failure and increasing transfusion dependency the patient was treated with matched sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using a fludarabine-based conditioning regimen without irradiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The post-transplantation course was uneventful with rapid engraftment leading to complete and stable chimerism. Now at age 16, the patient has gained weight and is in good clinical condition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HSCT using mild conditioning without irradiation qualifies as treatment of choice in LIG4-deficient patients who have a matched sibling donor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Jena, Kochstr, 2, D-07740 Jena, Germany. bernd.gruhn@med.uni-jena.de
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gruhn
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seidel
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zintl
authors.forename: Raymonda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Varon
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tönnies
authors.forename: Heidemarie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Neitzel
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bechtold
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hoehn
authors.forename: Detlev
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schindler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001855:Bone Marrow Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000072481:DNA Ligase ATP; D011088:DNA Ligases / Q000172:deficiency*; D049914:DNA Repair-Deficiency Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008831:Microcephaly / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C000607893:LIG4 protein, human; D011088:DNA Ligases; D000072481:DNA Ligase ATP