title: Microstructure design of nanoporous TiO2 photoelectrodes for dye-sensitized solar cell modules.
abstract: The optimization of dye-sensitized solar cells, especially the design of nanoporous TiO2 film microstructure, is an urgent problem for high efficiency and future commercial applications. However, up to now, little attention has been focused on the design of nanoporous TiO2 microstructure for a high efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell modules. The optimization and design of TiO2 photoelectrode microstructure are discussed in this paper. TiO2 photoelectrodes with three different layers, including layers of small pore size films, larger pore size films, and light-scattering particles on the conducting glass with the desirable thickness, were designed and investigated. Moreover, the photovoltaic properties showed that the different porosities, pore size distribution, and BET surface area of each layer have a dramatic influence on short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, and fill factor of the modules. The optimization and design of TiO2 photoelectrode microstructure contribute a high efficiency of DSC modules. The photoelectric conversion efficiency around 6% with 15 x 20 cm2 modules under illumination of simulated AM1.5 sunlight (100 mW/cm2) and 40 x 60 cm2 panels with the same performance tested outdoor have been achieved by our group.
authors.affiliation: Division of Solar Energy Materials and Engineering, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Linhua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Songyuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Shangfeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Yifeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shuanghong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Fantai
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Linyun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Kongjia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004566:Electrodes; D004867:Equipment Design; D008422:Materials Testing; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D010777:Photochemistry; D016062:Porosity; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium