title: Hplc/electrospray ionization mass spectrometric analysis of the heterocyclic aromatic amine carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine in human milk.
abstract: A new procedure has been developed for the extraction of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenyl-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and other heterocyclic aromatic amines from human breast milk samples. Extracts were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS/MS) with selective reaction monitoring detection. Tandem ESI-MS/MS detection provides much improved sensitivity and specificity, compared with those of a previous method that used selected ion monitoring. Milk samples were collected from 48 healthy volunteers, including five vegetarians. Donors completed a detailed dietary questionnaire. The concentrations of PhIP in the milk samples were low and below the limit of quantification (0.68 pg/mL) for all subjects except one, for whom a concentration of 1.0 pg PhIP/mL was measured. Our results indicate that the levels of PhIP in human milk are substantially lower than what was previously reported.
authors.affiliation: Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Kara A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Turesky
authors.forename: Bruce C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Wainman
authors.forename: P David
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Josephy
mesh_terms: D002273:Carcinogens / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000032:analysis*; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D011202:Poultry Products / Q000032:analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D007093:Imidazoles; C049584:2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine