title: A processed metabolite of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone has proliferative effects in endometrial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to determine the possible role of the processed peptide of LHRH, LHRH-(1-5), in regulating growth of endometrial cancer cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  An endometrial cancer cell line, the Ishikawa cell line, was cultured under standard conditions and treated in a dose-dependent manner with 1 of 2 hormones, LHRH and LHRH-(1-5) to determine the ability of these peptides to regulate cellular growth. A tetrazolium-based assay was used to determine the effect these peptides have on cell proliferation. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based assays were used to determine the expression of caspase-3/7 and pERK-1/2. Statistical analyses were conducted using an analysis of variance followed by Fisher LSD as the post-hoc test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results show that LHRH is anti-proliferative whereas LHRH-(1-5) is proliferative on the cells. Furthermore, LHRH-(1-5) decreased caspase-3/7 and pERK1/2 expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first time LHRH-(1-5) is shown to have proliferative effects on cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Women's Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.forename: Yue Pui
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: T John
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004717:Endometrium / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: C495201:LHRH (1-5); D010446:Peptide Fragments; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone