title: Unusual manifestations of premenstrual syndrome.
abstract: The authors have identified six unusual manifestations of premenstrual syndrome: (i) typical premenstrual dysphoric disorder symptoms during ovulation; (ii) upper airway infection in the premenstrual phase that remits after onset of menstruation; (iii) recurrent perimenstrual erythematous and edematous skin plaques; (iv) hypomanic or manic state 2-3 days before onset of menstruation; (v) auditory hallucinations and delusion of reference, present only premenstrually; and (vi) remitted bipolar disorder presenting with premenstrual psychotic features. Psychiatrists should be aware of menstrual cycle-related changes in mental illness, physical illness, or both in women of reproductive age, if cyclic trends are suspected.
authors.affiliation: Women's Mental Health Program, Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Mei-Chun
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.forename: Chai-Yih
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D003702:Delusions / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D004487:Edema / Q000150:complications; D004890:Erythema / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008598:Menstruation / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011293:Premenstrual Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D012008:Recurrence; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology