title: Late reactions in patch tests: a 4-year review from a clinic of occupational dermatology.
abstract: Late patch test reactions on day (D) 10-14, which on subsequent retesting appear in the normal time schedule on D2-D4, indicate active sensitization due to the patch test. The objective of this study was to report our series of late patch test reactions. We analysed the clinical records of all the patients who had reported late reactions for the date of the late reaction, the results of the first patch tests and retesting. Between January 2002 and February 2006, we had a total of 16 patients with late reactions (>or=D10). 12 of them were retested. Retesting confirmed active sensitization to 1 or more allergens in 11 patients (1.3% of 884 patients patch tested). In these 11 cases, none of the late reactions had clear relevance to the symptoms before its appearance. The commonest allergens were paraphenylenediamine (PPD) in 6 patients (0.72% of 826 PPD tests), elecampane (Inula helenium) and black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia sp. hybr.) extracts in 3 patients, and 4-aminoazobenzene and Disperse Orange 3 in 2 patients. The late reaction did not generally affect the clinical course. Only 1 patient developed new dermatitis possibly due to active sensitization. Late reactions meeting the classic criteria of active sensitization were relatively common in our series from a special clinic of occupational dermatology.
authors.affiliation: The Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Control of Hypersensitivity Diseases, FI-00250 Helsinki, Finland. kristiina.aalto-korte@ttl.fi
authors.forename: Kristiina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aalto-Korte
authors.forename: Kristiina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alanko
authors.forename: Outi
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kuuliala
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jolanki
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens; D004396:Coloring Agents; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D009783:Dermatitis, Occupational / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D010328:Patch Tests; D010655:Phenylenediamines; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D004396:Coloring Agents; D010655:Phenylenediamines; C029728:4-phenylenediamine