title: Antibacterial nitric oxide-releasing xerogels: cell viability and parallel plate flow cell adhesion studies.
abstract: The ability of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing xerogels to reduce adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa under flowing conditions was evaluated using a parallel plate flow chamber. At a controlled bacterial suspension flow rate of 0.2mL/min, the NO-releasing xerogels reduced bacterial adhesion in a flux-dependent fashion, with an NO flux of approximately 21pmolcm(-2)s(-1) reducing P. aeruginosa adhesion by approximately 65% compared to controls. Fluorescent viability staining indicated that bacteria adhered to NO-releasing xerogels were killed within 7h. Quantitative cell-plating viability studies showed that the extent of bactericidal activity was dependent on the total amount of NO released, with 750nmolcm(-2) killing >90% more adhered bacteria than xerogels releasing 25nmolcm(-2). Thus, NO-releasing xerogels were shown to both inhibit P. aeruginosa adhesion and kill adhered bacteria cells, two important steps toward designing anti-infective biomaterial coatings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Evan M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Hetrick
authors.forename: Mark H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Schoenfisch
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000494:pharmacology; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D011419:Propidium / Q000494:pharmacology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001391:Azo Compounds; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C452539:diazeniumdiolate; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D011419:Propidium