title: GLUT-1 in oral benign vascular lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the accuracy of histological diagnosis of oral hemangioma, oral vascular malformation and oral pyogenic granuloma according to immunohistochemical evaluation of the human erythrocyte-type glucose transporter protein (GLUT-1), and to observe the immunoexpression of this protein in oral varix.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry for GLUT-1 was performed in 93 histologically diagnosed cases of oral benign vascular lesions: 17 vascular malformations, 19 hemangiomas, nine varix, and 48 pyogenic granulomas. Descriptive analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the cases of the oral benign vascular lesions evaluated were immunopositive to GLUT-1. The 19 cases histologically diagnosed as oral hemangioma that showed negative staining to GLUT-1 were reclassified as oral pyogenic granuloma or oral vascular malformations. The histological evaluation itself is not enough to obtain the correct diagnosis of oral HEM as none of the sample cases were true hemangioma. All sample cases with initial vascular malformation or pyogenic granulomas classification were negative to GLUT-1, demonstrating the accuracy of histological diagnosis of these lesions itself. Oral varix showed negative staining to GLUT-1 in blood vessels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GLUT-1 is an useful, effective and important auxiliary marker for the diagnosis of oral benign vascular lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that histological diagnosis alone is not sufficient to correct diagnoses of oral hemangioma. Moreover, immunohistochemistry to GLUT-1 is a useful and easy diagnostic method that may be used to avoid such misdiagnosis. Accurate diagnosis of these oral lesions has an important clinical relevance allowing: (1) correct management, (2) adequate communication among the multidisciplinary team (dentist, dermatologist, pediatrist, radiologist, pathologist, and surgeon), (3) understanding of the biological behavior of the lesions, and (4) facilitate the development of new therapeutic modalities. Thus, supporting the use of this marker in medical and dentistry communities is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Medicine and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: A C B R
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Johann
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Salla
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: M C F
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: de Aguiar
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gontijo
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mesquita
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1 / Q000032:analysis*; D017789:Granuloma, Pyogenic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009055:Mouth / Q000098:blood supply; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1