title: Percentile curves of normal values of echocardiographic measurements in normal children from the central-southern region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To asses the values of echocardiographic measurements in normal children without cardiopathy and to build percentile curves, relating them to the body surface (BS, m(2)).
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed M-mode echocardiographic measurements for children between one and 144 months of age. We assessed right ventricular diastolic diameter (RVDd, mm) and left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVDd, mm), LV systolic diameter (LVSd, mm), right ventricular outflow tract diameter (RVOT, mm), aortic diameter (AoD, mm) and left atrial diameter (LAD, mm); left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, %); percentage of variation of left ventricular diameter (deltaLV, %); interventricular septum diastolic thickness (IVSDT, mm) and LV posterior wall diastolic thickness (PWDT, mm); left ventricular mass (LVM, g) and LV mass index (LVMI, g/m(2)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the end of the study, 595 children (326 male) were assessed. The values of echocardiographic measurements showed a good correlation with BS and allowed the constructing of percentile curves (3%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 97%). Statistically significant differences between the genders were evidenced for the following variables: LVSd, LVDd, RVOT, AoD, LVM and LVMI, and the highest values were observed in male children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The percentile curves of the values obtained can be used as a reference to assess children with suspicion of cardiopathy or to follow-up on those with diagnosed cardiopathy or under treatment with potentially cardiotoxic drugs.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. rbonatto@fmb.unesp.br
authors.forename: Rossano César
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bonatto
authors.forename: José Roberto
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Fioretto
authors.forename: Katashi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okoshi
authors.forename: Beatriz Bojikian
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Carlos Roberto
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Padovani
authors.forename: Thiago Colletti Remond
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Manfrin
authors.forename: Michelle de Farias
authors.initials: Mde F
authors.lastname: Gobbi
authors.forename: Rodolfo Silva De
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.forename: Edson Antônio
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Bregagnollo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001830:Body Surface Area; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis