title: Characteristics of pain and stooling in children with recurrent abdominal pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To collect symptom data longitudinally from children with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) and control (asymptomatic) children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children with RAP (n = 77) and controls (n = 33) 7 to 10 years of age completed daily diaries for 2 weeks tracking pain frequency and severity, how often the pain interfered with activities, and stooling pattern.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RAP children reported a greater number of pain episodes and greater pain severity than control children. Pain commonly was reported to be in the periumbilical area and occurred evenly across the day in both groups. However, the pain interfered with activity more often in the RAP group. There was a positive relationship between pain and interference with activities. Both groups reported stool changes, but there were no differences between groups in stool character (eg, hard, mushy). For both groups, the presence of watery stool was related positively to pain. Of children with RAP, 65% could be categorized as having irritable bowel syndrome, whereas 35% were classifiable as having functional abdominal pain according to the pediatric Rome II criteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To the best of our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal report of symptoms in children with RAP compared with controls. These data demonstrate that there is considerable overlap between children with RAP and control children on a number of items commonly obtained in the history (eg, pain location, timing, stooling pattern). Most children with RAP could be characterized as having irritable bowel syndrome. The relationship between pain reports and interference with activities substantiates the need to deal specifically with the abdominal pain to decrease disability. The relationship between pain and watery stools requires further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, USA.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Shulman
authors.forename: Michelle N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Eakin
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jarrett
authors.forename: Danita I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Czyzewski
authors.forename: Lonnie K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Zeltzer
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D003672:Defecation; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index