title: Shewanella donghaensis sp. nov., a psychrophilic, piezosensitive bacterium producing high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid, isolated from deep-sea sediments.
abstract: A Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped, psychrophilic bacterium, LT17T, was isolated from deep-sea sediments (3300 m depth) of the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Optimal growth of LT17T requires the presence of 2.5 % (w/v) NaCl, a pH of 7.0-7.5 and a temperature of 17 degrees C. The isolate grows optimally under a hydrostatic pressure of 10 MPa and growth is possible between 0.1 and <30 MPa. The novel strain is positive in tests for catalase, oxidase, lipase, beta-glucosidase and gelatinase activities and reduces nitrate to nitrate. The predominant cellular fatty acids are iso-C13 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0, C16 : 1omega7 and C20 : 5omega3. The DNA G+C content of strain LT17T is 38.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences places this bacterium in the class Gammaproteobacteria, within the genus Shewanella. The closest relatives of strain LT17T are Shewanella japonica (97.8 % gene sequence similarity), Shewanella pacifica (97.5 %), Shewanella olleyana (96.8 %), Shewanella frigidimarina (96.5 %) and Shewanella gelidimarina (95.4 %). The DNA-DNA hybridization levels between the novel isolate and its closest known phylogenetic relatives, S. japonica and S. pacifica, are lower than 14 %. On the basis of this polyphasic evidence, strain LT17T represents a novel species of the genus Shewanella, for which the name Shewanella donghaensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LT17T (=KCTC 10635BPT=JCM 12524T).
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Centre, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute, PO Box 29, Ansan 425-600, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Centre, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute, PO Box 29, Ansan 425-600, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Centre, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute, PO Box 29, Ansan 425-600, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Research Program for Marine Biology and Ecology, Extremobiosphere Research Center, JAMSTEC, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Chiaki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Centre, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute, PO Box 29, Ansan 425-600, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004798:Enzymes / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020459:Genes, rRNA / Q000235:genetics; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D007564:Japan; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009068:Movement; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D020592:Shewanella / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D004798:Enzymes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic