title: Specialty pharmacy cost management strategies of private health care payers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The rate of increase in spending on specialty pharmaceuticals is outpacing by far the rate of increase in spending for other drugs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore the strategies payers are using in response to challenges related to coverage, cost, clinical management, and access of specialty pharmaceuticals and to describe the potential implications for key stakeholders, including patients, physicians, and health care purchasers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sources of information were identified in the course of providing consulting services in the subject area of specialty pharmaceuticals to health plans, pharmacy benefit managers, employers, and pharmaceutical manufacturers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Specialty pharmaceuticals represent the fastest growing segment of drug spending due to new product approvals, high unit costs, and increasing use. Health care payers are faced with significant challenges related to coverage, cost, clinical management, and access. A variety of short- and long-term strategies have been employed to address these challenges.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current management techniques for specialty pharmaceuticals often represent a stop-gap approach for controlling rising drug costs. Optimum cost and care management methods will evolve as further research identifies the true clinical and economic value of various specialty pharmaceuticals.
authors.affiliation: Rxperts, Inc., 7700 Irvine Center Dr., Suite 800, Irvine, CA 92618, USA. dstern@rxperts.net
authors.forename: Debbie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.forename: Debi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reissman
mesh_terms: D003363:Cost Control; D017047:Cost Sharing; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D016527:Drug Costs; D004363:Drug Utilization; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D007348:Insurance, Health / Q000191:economics*; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000191:economics*; D010593:Pharmaceutical Services / Q000191:economics* / Q000458:organization & administration; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations