title: Permanent pacemaker lead implantation via azygous vein in a patient with silent superior vena cava syndrome.
abstract: Occlusion of the superior vena cava is a rare but serious complication of transvenous endocardial pacing. We describe an unusual approach for permanent pacemaker implantation using the azygous vein in a patient with occlusion of the bilateral total subclavian and innominate veins after previous bilateral pectoral pacemaker implantation. Endocardial pacing using the azygous vein with minimal invasive thoracotomy may be a good option for patients with inaccessible subclavian route.
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Goktekin
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Besoglu
authors.forename: Sait M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.forename: Alparslan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Birdane
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Unalir
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gorenek
authors.forename: Gulmira
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kudaiberdieva
authors.forename: Yuksel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cavusoglu
authors.forename: Necmi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ata
authors.forename: Recep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aslan
authors.forename: Bilgin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Timuralp
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001401:Azygos Vein; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D013479:Superior Vena Cava Syndrome / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome