title: Characterization of a proteolytic enzyme derived from a Bacillus strain that effectively degrades prion protein.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this paper was to screen candidate bacterial strains for the production of proteases suitable for application to the degradation of pathogenic forms of prion protein (PrP(Sc)). This paper describes the biochemical characteristics and proteolytic activity of the isolated protease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After screening more than 200 bacterial proteases for keratinolytic activity, we identified a Bacillus stain that produced a protease exhibiting high-degradation activity against a scrapie PrP(Sc). Sequence analysis indicated that this serine-protease belonged to the Subtilisin family and had optimum pH and temperature ranges of 9-10 and 60-70 degrees C. Western blotting analysis revealed that the protease was also capable of decomposing bovine spongiform encephalopathy-infected brain homogenate. In addition, the protease was demonstrated to degrade dried PrP(Sc) that had become firmly attached to a plastic surface considerably more effectively than proteinase K or PWD-1, a previously reported keratinase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the isolated protease exhibited higher activity for PrP(Sc) degradation compared with other proteases examined.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This protease could be used under moderate conditions for the decontamination of precision instruments that are susceptible to PrP(Sc) contamination.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Horii
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shinagawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murayama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001407:Bacillus / Q000201:enzymology*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D001483:Base Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D002417:Cattle; D006224:Cricetinae; D003666:Decontamination; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D019286:Endopeptidase K / Q000378:metabolism; D004866:Equipment Contamination; D005998:Glycine / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007633:Keratins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D018620:PrPSc Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017096:Prion Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D011328:Prions / Q000378:metabolism*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013381:Subtilisins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018620:PrPSc Proteins; D011328:Prions; D007633:Keratins; C522986:MSK103 protein, Bacillus licheniformis; D013381:Subtilisins; D019286:Endopeptidase K; D005998:Glycine