title: Early detection and rapid isolation of leukemia-reactive donor T cells for adoptive transfer using the IFN-gamma secretion assay.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The poor immunogenicity of most leukemias and the lack of specificity of the donor T cells limit the in vivo effectiveness of conventional donor lymphocyte infusions in many patients suffering from persistent or recurrent leukemia after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. These limitations may be overcome by the adoptive transfer of in vitro generated leukemia-reactive T cells. Although the potential clinical efficacy of this approach has been shown previously, lack of reproducibility of the procedure and the inability to show persistence and survival of the transferred T cells hampered further clinical application. The purpose of this study was to develop a new, broadly applicable strategy for the efficient generation and isolation of leukemia-reactive T cells with a better probability to survive and expand in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Myeloid and B-cell leukemias were modified into professional immunogenic antigen-presenting cells, and used to stimulate HLA-matched donor T cells. After two stimulations, responding donor T cells were isolated based on their secretion of IFN-gamma and tested for their capacity to recognize and kill the primary leukemia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using one universal stimulation and isolation protocol for various forms of leukemia, T-cell populations containing high frequencies of leukemia-reactive T cells could reproducibly be generated and early isolated under mild stimulatory conditions. Isolated T cells still had high proliferative potential and their reactivity seemed to be restricted to cells of the patient's hematopoiesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We here show a new robust procedure for the generation and isolation of leukemia-reactive T cells for adoptive transfer.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands. i.jedema@lumc.nl
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jedema
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meij
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Steeneveld
authors.forename: Mels
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoogendoorn
authors.forename: Bart A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Nijmeijer
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van de Meent
authors.forename: Simone A P
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: van Luxemburg-Heijs
authors.forename: Roel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Willemze
authors.forename: J H Frederik
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Falkenburg
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D002470:Cell Survival; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D007938:Leukemia / Q000378:metabolism; D015448:Leukemia, B-Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D007371:Interferon-gamma