title: Improved detection of renal vascular anatomy using multidetector CT angiography: Is 100% detection possible?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Multidetector CT angiography (MDCTA) is being used increasingly to evaluate vascular anatomy prior to donor nephrectomy. To improve the ability of MDCTA to predict donor renal anatomy, a novel protocol including four-phase imaging with three-dimensional reconstruction and maximum intensity projections (MIPs) was incorporated into the standard donor evaluation. The purpose of this study was to determine the results of this protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy consecutive patients who underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic donor nephrectomy between January 2003 and September 2004 were reviewed. All MDCTA studies were examined initially by a radiologist alone, after which, a second preoperative reading was performed by a radiologist and the operating surgeon together. The two reviews were compared with the operative findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using this protocol to detect the total number of renal arteries, veins, and ureters, the sensitivity of the initial radiologist was 97%, 100%, and 96%, respectively. These values increased to 100%, 100%, and 99% when the films were reviewed by a radiologist together with the surgeon who would operate on the donor. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in predicting supernumerary arteries, including early (< or =1-cm) arterial branching was 89%, 100%, and 97%, respectively after the single reading but increased to 100%, 100%, and 100% with the combined reading.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An MDCTA study with this protocol provides excellent anatomic detail prior to donor nephrectomy. Its ability to predict renal-arterial and ureteral anatomy is enhanced when the films are reviewed simultaneously by a radiologist and the operating surgeon.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California 92354, USA.
authors.forename: Lori B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Schlunt
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: Dale R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Broome
authors.forename: Pedro W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.forename: Gregory E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.forename: Okechukwu N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Ojogho
authors.forename: D Duane
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Baldwin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000792:Angiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed