Whole-blood interleukin-18 level during early HIV-1 infection is associated with reduced CXCR4 coreceptor expression and interferon- gamma levels.
Interleukin (IL)-18 generates T helper 1-type immunity and inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in primary cells in vitro. Because IL-18 may participate in HIV-1 containment, whole-blood IL-18 levels were measured in 20 healthy control subjects and longitudinally in 28 subjects with early HIV-1 infection. Compared with those in control subjects, IL-18 levels were higher during early HIV-1 infection, and IL-18 levels predicted reduced CXCR4 HIV-1 coreceptor expression and diminished interferon (IFN)- gamma levels. By contrast, a direct association between IL-18 and IFN- gamma levels was observed in blood stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. During early HIV-1 infection, IL-18 may regulate HIV-1 coreceptor expression and have antiretroviral activity.
Sailer
Carrie A
CA
Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA.
Pott
Gregory B
GB
Dinarello
Charles A
CA
Whinney
Samantha Ma
SM
Forster
Jeri E
JE
Larson-Duran
Jacqueline K
JK
Landay
Alan
A
Al-Harthi
Lena
L
Schooley
Robert T
RT
Benson
Constance A
CA
Judson
Franklyn N
FN
Thompson
Melanie
M
Palella
Frank J
FJ
Shapiro
Leland
L
D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism*
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D020382:Interleukin-18; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D007371:Interferon-gamma