title: Changes over time in frontotemporal activation during a working memory task in patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: Studies on working memory (WM) dysfunction in schizophrenia have reported several functionally aberrant brain areas including prefrontal and temporal cortex. Longitudinal studies have shown changes in prefrontal activation during treatment. We used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging and a parametric verbal WM task to investigate cerebral function during WM performance in healthy subjects and medicated patients with schizophrenia with an acute symptom exacerbation. Patients were scanned twice: within the first week after admission to the hospital and after 7-8 weeks of a multimodal treatment including atypical antipsychotic agents. There were no differences in activation of lateral prefrontal regions in patients relative to healthy controls neither at baseline nor after 7-8 weeks. Controls showed relatively more activation in parietal, striatal and cerebellar regions. In patients with schizophrenia, frontotemporal function was bilaterally enhanced after 7-8 weeks. This activation change was associated with improved accuracy in a verbal WM task, improved verbal WM-span and symptom reduction as measured by the BPRS global score and the BPRS factor for thought disturbance. Although we could not replicate findings of functional hypofrontality in the patients with schizophrenia, frontotemporal activation changed with treatment and was associated with verbal WM performance and significant reduction of psychopathology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulm, Leimgrubenweg 12-14, 89075 Ulm, Germany. christian.wolf@uni-ulm.de
authors.forename: Robert Christian
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Nenad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vasic
authors.forename: Annett
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Höse
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spitzer
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Walter
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010054:Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014705:Verbal Behavior
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents