P2X4 is up-regulated in gingival fibroblasts after periodontal surgery.
Several studies have shown that surgical detachment of marginal gingiva close to the cervical cementum of molar teeth in a rat mandible is a distinct stimulus for alveolar bone resorption. Recently, we found that P2X4, an ATP-receptor, is significantly up-regulated in marginal gingival cells soon after surgery. We hypothesized that local release of ATP signaling through P2X4 elicits activation of osteoclasts on the alveolar bone surface. In this study, we identified intense immunoreactivity of gingival fibroblasts to P2X4-specific antibodies and a 6.4-fold increase in expression by real-time RT-PCR. Moreover, a single local application, at the time of surgery, of Apyrase (which degrades ATP) or Coomassie Brilliant Blue (an antagonist of purinoreceptors) significantly reduced alveolar bone loss. We propose that ATP flowing from cells after surgery can directly activate P2X4 receptors in the sensor cells of marginal gingiva through Ca(2+) signaling, or by direct activation of osteoclasts on the bone surface.
Binderman
I
I
Department of Oral Biology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel. binderma@post.tau.ac.il
Bahar
H
H
Jacob-Hirsch
J
J
Zeligson
S
S
Amariglio
N
N
Rechavi
G
G
Shoham
S
S
Yaffe
A
A
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001081:Apyrase / Q000502:physiology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005890:Gingivectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D058848:Receptors, Purinergic P2X4; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation
D007202:Indicators and Reagents; C548228:P2rx4 protein, rat; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D058848:Receptors, Purinergic P2X4; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D001081:Apyrase; C004692:coomassie Brilliant Blue