title: Influence of ultrasonic setting on tensile bond strength of glass-ionomer cements to dentin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ultrasonic treatment on the bond strength of glass-ionomer cements to dentin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Conventional (Fuji II: a; Ketac-Fil Plus: b), resin-modified (Fuji II LC Improved: c; Photac-Fil Quick Aplicap: d), and more viscous conventional (Ketac Molar: e) glass-ionomer cements were tested. Fifty human molars were sectioned mesiodistally, embedded in epoxy resin with exposed buccal or lingual surfaces, and ground to obtain a flat dentin surface. A matrix with a central orifice in the shape of an inverted truncated cone was built with a bovine tooth and positioned on the dentin surface. In the control groups, the materials were inserted into the matrix. In the test groups, the ultrasonic treatment was applied to the surface of the matrix and the surface of the glass-ionomer cements. The specimens were stored in deionized water for 24 h at 37 degrees C and subjected to bond strength tests. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean bond strengths in MPa for the control groups were: a: 2.21, b: 1.85, c: 8.65, d: 5.93, and e: 2.10. The results for the test groups were: a: 3.33, b: 2.19, c: 9.95, d: 6.10, and e: 2.65. Ultrasonic treatment statistically increased the tensile bond strength of all tested cements (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasonic treatment improved the bond strength of the glass-ionomer cements to dentin after 24 h.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ticiane Cestari
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Fagundes
authors.forename: Terezinha Jesus Esteves
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Barata
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bresciani
authors.forename: Daniela Francisca Gigo
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Cefaly
authors.forename: Carlos Augusto Ramos
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Maria Fidela Lima
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Navarro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008298:Maleates / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D012117:Resins, Synthetic / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C431351:Fuji II LC cement improved; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D008298:Maleates; C081144:Photac-Fil; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; C110712:ketac-molar; D014867:Water; C084541:Fuji glass-ionomer lining cement; C040964:Ketac-Fil