title: The main components of stroke unit care: results of a European expert survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Stroke units decrease mortality, handicap and need for institutional care, but there are only sparse evidence-based data showing which components make the difference over general wards. The aim of this survey was to identify from expert opinions what should be the major components of stroke units.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was sent to 83 European stroke experts, to ask their opinion on what should be the components of comprehensive stroke centres (CSC), primary stroke centres (PSC) and any hospital ward (AHW) admitting acute stroke patients routinely. It consisted of a list of 107 components (personnel, diagnostic procedures, monitoring, invasive treatments provided, infrastructures, protocols and procedures and their availability for 24 h a day for 7 days a week, 24/7) to be classified as irrelevant, useful but not necessary, desirable, important but not absolutely necessary, or absolutely necessary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  42 questionnaires (50.6%) were returned. Four components were excluded because of a poor level of agreement between experts. Eight components were considered as absolutely necessary by more than 75% of the experts for both CSC and PSC: multidisciplinary team, stroke-trained nurses, brain CT scan 24/7, CT priority for stroke patients, extracranial Doppler sonography, automated electrocardiographic monitoring, intravenous rt-PA protocols 24/7 and in-house emergency department. Eleven other components (in the fields of vascular surgery, neurosurgery, interventional radiology and clinical research) were considered as necessary in CSC by more than 75% of the experts. Only 8 components were considered as important but not absolutely necessary by more than 50% of the experts for AHW.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The experts showed a high level of agreement about the essential components of organized acute stroke care, providing useful information to health authorities for the allocation of resources.
authors.affiliation: University of Lille, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leys
authors.forename: E Bernd
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Ringelstein
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaste
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hacke
mesh_terms: D004562:Electrocardiography; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration; D005060:Europe; D005104:Expert Testimony; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006757:Hospital Units / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education / Q000458:organization & administration; D015588:Observer Variation; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000458:organization & administration; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler