title: An insight into the sialome of Anopheles funestus reveals an emerging pattern in anopheline salivary protein families.
abstract: Anopheles funestus, together with Anopheles gambiae, is responsible for most malaria transmission in sub-Saharan Africa, but little is known about molecular aspects of its biology. To investigate the salivary repertoire of this mosquito, we randomly sequenced 916 clones from a salivary-gland cDNA library from adult female F1 offspring of field-caught An. funestus. Thirty-three protein sequences, mostly full-length transcripts, are predicted to be secreted salivary proteins. We additionally describe 25 full-length housekeeping-associated transcripts. In accumulating mosquito sialotranscriptome information--which includes An. gambiae, Anopheles stephensi, Anopheles darlingi, Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, and now An. funestus--a pattern is emerging. First, ubiquitous protein families are recruited for a salivary role, such as members of the antigen-5 family and enzymes of nucleotide and carbohydrate catabolism. Second, a group of protein families exclusive to blood-feeding Nematocera includes the abundantly expressed D7 proteins also found in sand flies and Culicoides. A third group of proteins, only found in Culicidae, includes the 30 kDa allergen family and several mucins. Finally, 10 protein and peptide families, five of them multigenic, are exclusive to anophelines. Among these proteins may reside good epidemiological markers to measure human exposure to anopheline species such as An. funestus and An. gambiae.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Twinbrook III, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.forename: Adama
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dao
authors.forename: Van M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: José M C
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D005260:Female; D015723:Gene Library; D017344:Genes, Insect; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000378:metabolism; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides