title: Damage to the insula disrupts addiction to cigarette smoking.
abstract: A number of brain systems have been implicated in addictive behavior, but none have yet been shown to be necessary for maintaining the addiction to cigarette smoking. We found that smokers with brain damage involving the insula, a region implicated in conscious urges, were more likely than smokers with brain damage not involving the insula to undergo a disruption of smoking addiction, characterized by the ability to quit smoking easily, immediately, without relapse, and without persistence of the urge to smoke. This result suggests that the insula is a critical neural substrate in the addiction to smoking.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Nasir H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Naqvi
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rudrauf
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Damasio
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bechara
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy