Humanized mice in translational biomedical research.
The culmination of decades of research on humanized mice is leading to advances in our understanding of human haematopoiesis, innate and adaptive immunity, autoimmunity, infectious diseases, cancer biology and regenerative medicine. In this Review, we discuss the development of these new generations of humanized mice, how they will facilitate translational research in several biomedical disciplines and approaches to overcome the remaining limitations of these models.
Shultz
Leonard D
LD
The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA. lds@jax.org
Ishikawa
Fumihiko
F
Greiner
Dale L
DL
D000818:Animals; D002678:Chimera / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016513:Mice, SCID / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008822:Mice, Transgenic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology