title: Certain hydrolyzed formulas reduce the incidence of atopic dermatitis but not that of asthma: three-year results of the German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recommendations for primary prevention of allergic diseases in high-risk children include feeding with hydrolyzed formulas if breast-feeding is insufficient.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The primary objective of the German Infant Nutritional Intervention study was to investigate the allergy preventive effect of 3 hydrolyzed formulas compared with cow's milk formula in the first 3 years of life in a randomized, double-blind trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1995 and 1998, 2252 newborns with atopic heredity were allocated to a group receiving cow's milk formula, partially or extensively hydrolyzed whey formula, or extensively hydrolyzed casein formula as a milk substitute for the first 4 months if breast-feeding was insufficient. Main outcome parameters were allergic manifestations, atopic dermatitis (AD), and asthma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 3 years, 396 of 2252 children (17.6%) had dropped out. Breast-fed infants without formula feeding during the intervention (n = 889) were considered separately. A significant reduction of the incidence of AD was achieved with the extensively hydrolyzed casein formula in the intention-to-treat (ITT; n = 1363) and per protocol (PP; n = 904) analyses (ITT: population odds ratio [95% CI], 0.67 [0.45-0.99]; PP: adjusted odds ratio [OR(adj)], 0.53 [0.32-0.88]), and with the partially hydrolyzed whey formula in the PP analysis (ITT: population odds ratio, 0.76 [0.52-1.11]; PP:OR(adj), 0.60 [0.37-0.97]). None of the formulas reduced the incidence of asthma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk for AD, but not for asthma, can be reduced with certain cow's milk hydrolyzates in high-risk infants when breast-feeding is insufficient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early nutritional intervention in high-risk children has significant influence on the incidence of AD, but not of asthma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany. vonberg@marien-hospital-wesel.de
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: von Berg
authors.forename: Sibylle
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koletzko
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Filipiak-Pittroff
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laubereau
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grübl
authors.forename: Heinz-Erich
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Wichmann
authors.forename: Carl-Peter
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Dietrich
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reinhardt
authors.forename: Dietrich
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berdel
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D001903:Bottle Feeding; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D012306:Risk