title: Effect of cadmium in feed on organs and meat colour of growing pigs.
abstract: One hundred and ninety-two barrows (Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire, initial weight 27.7 kg) were used to investigate the effects of cadmium in feed on the function of selected organs and meat colour of growing pigs. The pigs were randomly allocated into four different treatments. Each treatment included three replications with 16 pigs per replicate. The animals were fed corn-soybean basal diet and supplemented with 0, 0.5, 5.0, 10.0 mg/kg cadmium (as CdCl(2)), respectively. The feeding trial ended when the average body weight of the pigs reach 90 kg. The results showed that, compared with controls, addition of 10 mg/kg cadmium to the diet resulted in significant elevations of relative weight of liver and spleen by 18.3% (p<0.05) and 19.7% (p<0.05) respectively, and of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activities by 17.8% (p<0.05) and 27.4% (p<0.05) respectively; and significant decreases of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity in the liver by 24.6% (p<0.05), the redness of longissimus dorsi by 26.6% (p<0.05) and 24.9% (p<0.05) at 0.75 h and 16 h post mortem, respectively, and of the myoglobin content of longissimus dorsi by 19.4% (p<0.05). No changes were found in these indices above when the pigs were fed the diet supplied with 0.5 or 5 mg/kg cadmium (p>0.05), nor in renal functions among cadmium-treatment treatments (p>0.05) as indicated is the activities of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the content of urinary protein. The study indicated the adverse effects of 10 mg/kg cadmium in feed on liver functions and meat colour of growing pigs.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Y-J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: X-Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Z-R
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Y-Z
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: W-F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000652:urine; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003116:Color; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D006596:Hexosaminidases / Q000652:urine; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects; D009211:Myoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development*; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D009211:Myoglobin; D002104:Cadmium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D006596:Hexosaminidases; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase