title: Identification and genetic diversity of two human parvovirus B19 genotype 3 subtypes.
abstract: Three genotypes (1-3) of human parvovirus B19 have been identified. Analysis of 13 nearly full-length genotype 3 sequences from Ghana, Europe and Brazil identified two genetically distinct clusters. The classification of genotype 3 strains into two subtypes (B19/3a and B19/3b) is proposed. The rate of evolutionary change of B19 genotype 3 strains (2 x 10(-4) nucleotide substitutions per site per year) was similar to those of B19 genotype 1 and carnivore parvoviruses, supporting the hypothesis that high mutation rates are characteristic of members of the family Parvoviridae. The estimated divergence time between B19/3a and B19/3b is 525 years. In Ghana, subtype B19/3a is predominant.
authors.affiliation: Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Armen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parsyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Szmaragd
authors.affiliation: Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Allain
authors.affiliation: National Blood Service, Cambridge Blood Centre, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Candotti
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D005869:Ghana / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D016732:Parvovirus B19, Human / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral