title: Relation of the "hypertriglyceridemic waist" phenotype to earlier manifestations of coronary artery disease in patients with glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: This study tested the hypothesis that the "hypertriglyceridemic waist" phenotype (waist girth >90 cm [35.4 inches] in men and >85 cm [33.5 inches] in women, along with a plasma triglyceride concentration of >or=2.0 mmol/L [177 mg/dl]) as a covariate of metabolic syndrome features (hyperinsulinemia, hyperapolipoprotein B, and small low-density lipoprotein particles), is predictive of premature coronary artery disease (CAD) among patients with glucose intolerance or type 2 diabetes. Glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes were assessed after an oral glucose tolerance test among 1,190 men and women using the American Diabetes Association criteria. Glycemic control was evaluated using hemoglobin A1c levels. CAD was considered present on the basis of a clinical history of retrosternal pains on exertion, electrophysiologically and clinically documented myocardial infarction, or angiographic evidence of coronary lesions. More than 53% of men (n = 103) with a waist circumference >or=90 cm (35.4 inches) and nearly 80% of women (n = 122) with a waist circumference >or=85 cm (33.5 in.) with triglyceride levels >or=2 mmol/L (177 mg/dl) were diagnosed with glucose intolerance or type 2 diabetes. Survival models revealed that those with glucose intolerance or type 2 diabetes with the "hypertriglyceridemic waist" phenotype experienced their first CAD symptoms 5 years earlier than those without this phenotype. This elevated and earlier risk of CAD was statistically significant (hazard ratio 2.0, 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 3.7, p = 0.02). In conclusion, the "hypertriglyceridemic waist" phenotype, an inexpensive and simple tool identifying subjects with metabolic syndrome features, is a significant marker of CAD manifestations occurring at an earlier age in those with glucose intolerance or type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, University of Montreal Community Genomic Medicine Center and Lipid Clinic, Chicoutimi Hospital, Chicoutimi, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: St-Pierre
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lemieux
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perron
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brisson
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santuré
authors.forename: Marie-Claude
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Vohl
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Després
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gaudet
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; D010641:Phenotype; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D014280:Triglycerides