title: Iloprost-induced desensitization of the prostacyclin receptor in isolated rabbit lungs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The rapid desensitization of the human prostacyclin (IP) in response to agonist binding has been shown in cell culture. Phosphorylation of the IP receptor by protein kinase C (PKC) has been suggested to be involved in this process.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study we investigated the vasodilatory effects of iloprost, a stable prostacyclin analogue, in perfused rabbit lungs. Continuous infusion of the thromboxane mimetic U46619 was employed to establish stable pulmonary hypertension. A complete loss of the vasodilatory response to iloprost was observed in experiments with continuous iloprost perfusion, maintaining the intravascular concentration of this prostanoid over a 180 min period. When lungs under chronic iloprost infusion were acutely challenged with inhaled iloprost, a corresponding complete loss of vasoreactivity was observed. This desensitization was not dependent on upregulation of cAMP-specific phosphodiesterases or changes in adenylate cyclase activity, as suggested by unaltered dose-response curves to agents directly affecting these enzymes. Application of a prostaglandin E1 receptor antagonist 6-isopropoxy-9-oxoxanthene-2-carboxylic acid (AH 6809) or the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I (BIM) enhanced the vasodilatory response to infused iloprost and partially prevented tachyphylaxis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A three-hour infusion of iloprost in pulmonary hypertensive rabbit lungs results in complete loss of the lung vasodilatory response to this prostanoid. This rapid desensitization is apparently not linked to changes in adenylate cyclase and phosphodiesterase activation, but may involve PKC function and co-stimulation of the EP1 receptor in addition to the IP receptor by this prostacyclin analogue.
authors.affiliation: University of Giessen Lung Center, Medical Clinic II/V, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany. Ralph.Schermuly@innere.med.uni-giessen.de
authors.forename: Ralph T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Schermuly
authors.forename: Soni S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Pullamsetti
authors.forename: Susanne C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Breitenbach
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Weissmann
authors.forename: Hossein A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Ghofrani
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grimminger
authors.forename: Sigrid M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Nilius
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schrör
authors.forename: Jutta M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kirchrath
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Seeger
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rose
mesh_terms: D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016285:Iloprost / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D044006:Receptors, Epoprostenol / Q000187:drug effects*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D044006:Receptors, Epoprostenol; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D005576:Colforsin; D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D016285:Iloprost