title: Anterior cingulate activation in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia.
abstract: Anterior cingulate (ACC) hypo-activity is commonly observed in chronically ill schizophrenia patients. However, it is unclear whether this is secondary to persistent illness and/or medication.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined eight antipsychotic-naïve first-episode patients and matched healthy controls undergoing PET scanning while performing the Stroop task.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group-averaged and single-subject analyses showed ACC activation in both controls and patients, albeit in different sub-regions (paracingulate and cingulate respectively). A direct comparison revealed relative under-activity of the left paracingulate cortex in patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the more pervasive hypo-activation observed in chronic patients may be secondary to persistent illness and/or medication.
authors.affiliation: Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Carlton South, VIC 3053, Australia. murat@unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yücel
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Brewer
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fornito
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: O'Keefe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olver
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Egan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Velakoulis
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: McGorry
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pantelis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011930:Reaction Time; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents