title: Ovulatory status and follicular response predict success of clomiphene citrate-intrauterine insemination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that anovulatory women would have good pregnancy rates (PRs), regardless of single or multiple follicular development, in response to clomiphene citrate (CC), whereas ovulatory women would have good PRs only when achieving multifollicular responses to CC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart review.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-based infertility center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and fifty-four women underwent 585 CC-IUI treatment cycles over a 3-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Treatment with CC-IUI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Various factors were examined as predictors of clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and live-birth rate (LBR) per cycle with the use of logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, the CPR was 11.1%, and the LBR was 8.7%. Of 65 clinical pregnancies, 81.5% resulted in live births (singletons, 67.7%; twins, 13.8%). There were no higher-order deliveries. In anovulatory women, the CPR and LBR were 15.7% and 13.6%, respectively. In ovulatory women, the CPR and LBR were 8.8% and 6.3%, respectively. As the number of large follicles increased from one to two, the LBR increased from 6.8% to 10.5%. Regarding the interaction of follicles with ovulatory status, anovulatory women had nearly double the CPR and LBR compared to those in ovulatory women, irrespective of the number of large follicles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with CC-IUI is more successful in anovulatory women than in ovulatory women. The multiple follicular response in both ovulatory and anovulatory women increases PRs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UMDNJ)--New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA. parksj@umdnj.edu
authors.forename: Susanna J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jesus R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: Gerson
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Von Hagen
authors.forename: Dayna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: McGovern
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000502:physiology*; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002996:Clomiphene