Protein tyrosine phosphatase function: the substrate perspective.
It is now well established that the members of the PTP (protein tyrosine phosphatase) superfamily play critical roles in fundamental biological processes. Although there has been much progress in defining the function of PTPs, the task of identifying substrates for these enzymes still presents a challenge. Many PTPs have yet to have their physiological substrates identified. The focus of this review will be on the current state of knowledge of PTP substrates and the approaches used to identify them. We propose experimental criteria that should be satisfied in order to rigorously assign PTP substrates as bona fide. Finally, the progress that has been made in defining the biological roles of PTPs through the identification of their substrates will be discussed.
Tiganis
Tony
T
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
Bennett
Anton M
AM
D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism
D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D014443:Tyrosine; C516607:PTPN1 protein, human; C516724:PTPN11 protein, human; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases