Serum chemical elements and oxidative status in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson disease and multiple sclerosis.
The role of some chemical elements in neurodegeneration was suggested by various authors. To obtain a profile of chemical elements and oxidative status in complex neurological diseases, an unbiased "omics" approach, i.e., quantification of 26 elements and oxidative stress parameters (serum oxidative status (SOS) and serum anti-oxidant capacity (SAC)), combined with multivariate statistical procedures (forward discriminant analysis, FDA) to analyse the vast amount of data, was applied to four groups of subjects (53 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 71 with Parkinson disease (PD), 60 with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 124 healthy individuals). Descriptive statistics revealed numerous differences between each disease and healthy status. A concordant imbalance (reduction in Fe, Zn and SAC, and increase in SOS) was shared by AD, PD and MS. The FDA yielded three significant discriminant functions based on age, SOS, Ca, Fe, Si, Sn, V, Zn and Zr, and identified disease-specific profiles of element imbalances, thus showing the appropriateness of the "omics" approach. It may help assess the contribution of chemical elements and oxidative stress to disease causation and may provide complex predictors of disease evolution or treatment response.
Alimonti
Alessandro
A
Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regine Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy. alessandro.alimonti@iss.it
Ristori
Giovanni
G
Giubilei
Franco
F
Stazi
Maria Antonia
MA
Pino
Anna
A
Visconti
Andrea
A
Brescianini
Sonia
S
Sepe Monti
Micaela
M
Forte
Giovanni
G
Stanzione
Paolo
P
Bocca
Beatrice
B
Bomboi
Giuseppe
G
D'Ippolito
Cristina
C
Annibali
Viviana
V
Salvetti
Marco
M
Sancesario
Giuseppe
G
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers; D004602:Elements; D005260:Female; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D016877:Oxidants / Q000097:blood*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000097:blood*
D015415:Biomarkers; D004602:Elements; D005609:Free Radicals; D008670:Metals; D016877:Oxidants; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide