title: Comparison of alendronate vs alendronate plus mechanical loading as prophylaxis for osteoporosis in lung transplant recipients: a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteoporosis is known to complicate outcomes after lung transplantation (Tx).
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine the efficacy of bisphosphonate therapy combined with the osteogenic stimulus of mechanical loading, 30 lung transplant recipients (LTRs) were randomly assigned either to alendronate (10 mg/day; n = 10), alendronate (10 mg/day) + resistance exercise (n = 10) or to a control group (n = 10). Alendronate was initiated at 7 days after Tx. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry before and 2 and 8 months after Tx. Resistance training was initiated at 2 months after Tx and consisted of lumbar extension exercise performed 1 day/week for 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lumbar BMD decreased significantly to below pre-transplant baseline at 2 months after Tx in controls (-12.5 +/- 2.1%), but not in the alendronate (1.5 +/- 1.2%) or alendronate + training (1.5 +/- 0.9%) groups. At 8 months after Tx, lumbar BMD in controls was 14.1 +/- 3.9% below baseline (p < or = 0.05), but was 1.4 +/- 1.1% above baseline in alendronate recipients (p > or = 0.05). The alendronate + training group showed a significantly increased lumbar BMD with values 10.8 +/- 2.3% greater than before Tx.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that resistance exercise plus alendronate is more effective than alendronate alone in restoring BMD. Anti-osteoporosis therapy in LTRs should include both an anti-resorptive agent and an osteogenic stimulus, such as mechanical loading.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA. rbraith@hhp.ufl.edu
authors.forename: Randy W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Braith
authors.forename: Jill A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Conner
authors.forename: Michael N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Fulton
authors.forename: Clem F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Lisor
authors.forename: Darren P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Casey
authors.forename: Kathy S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Howe
authors.forename: Maher A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Baz
mesh_terms: D019386:Alendronate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010865:Pilot Projects
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D019386:Alendronate