title: Effect of chronic hyperglycemia on intraocular pressure in patients with diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of chronic hyperglycemia on intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively measured the IOP by Goldmann applanation tonometry in patients with diabetes with mild hyperglycemia (glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) < or = 6.5%), moderate hyperglycemia (6.5% < HbA1c < 8.0), and severe hyperglycemia (HbA1c > or = 8.0%). None of the patients with diabetes had diabetic retinopathy, secondary glaucoma, ocular or laser therapy, or history of glaucoma. The HbA1c level determined within three months of the IOP measurement was used. Statistical analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney U test. P < .05 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean IOP in the mild group (n = 58) was 15.5 +/- 2.5 mm Hg, which was statistically significantly lower than that of the severe group (16.6 +/- 2.4 mm Hg; P = .013; n = 60).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with increased IOP in patients with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Center for Sensory Organ Diseases, Sannoh Medical Center, Chiba, Japan. toshitari@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oshitari
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Katsuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hanawa
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Adachi-Usami
authors.forename: Sayon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roy
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin