title: Potentiation of antimicrobial activity of aminoglycosides by carnosol from Salvia officinalis.
abstract: We found that a crude extract from Salvia officinalis (sage) reduced the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of aminoglycosides in vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). We isolated the effective compound from the extract and identified it as carnosol, one of diterpenoids. Carnosol showed a weak antimicrobial activity, and greatly reduced the MICs of various aminoglycosides (potentiated the antimicrobial activity of aminoglycosides) and some other types of antimicrobial agents in VRE. Carnosic acid, a related compound, showed the similar activity. The effect of carnosol and carnosic acid with gentamicin was synergistic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Japan.
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
authors.forename: Sumiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shiota
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hatano
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Tomofusa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
mesh_terms: D045784:Abietanes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D016984:Enterococcus faecium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D027543:Salvia officinalis / Q000737:chemistry; D012706:Serratia marcescens / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D020713:Vancomycin Resistance
chemical_list: D045784:Abietanes; D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; C068623:carnosol; C018381:salvin