title: Nitazoxanide or CD3+/CD4+ lymphocytes for recovery from severe Cryptosporidium infection after allogeneic bone marrow transplant?
abstract: We describe a case of Cryptosporidium infection occurring in a child after allogeneic SCT for acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia. This patient presented an intestinal, biliar, and pancreatic Cryptosporidium disease associated with an intestinal aGvHD. The increase in CD3+/CD4+ cells secondary to the reduction of steroid therapy associated with the improvement of aGvHD and the use of antiparasitic treatments (especially nitazoxanide) improved the infection-related symptoms and led to a complete clearance of the Cryptosporidium.
authors.affiliation: Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Department of Hematology and Oncology, G Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faraci
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cappelli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morreale
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lanino
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moroni
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bandettini
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Terranova
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Di Martino
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coccia
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Castagnola
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001706:Biopsy; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000097:blood; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000637:transplantation; D002648:Child; D003106:Colon / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000628:therapy*; D017710:Lymphocyte Transfusion; D008297:Male; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D017252:CD3 Complex; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D013844:Thiazoles; C041747:nitazoxanide