title: Real time electroporation control for accurate and safe in vivo non-viral gene therapy.
abstract: In vivo cell electroporation is the basis of DNA electrotransfer, an efficient method for non-viral gene therapy using naked DNA. The electric pulses have two roles, to permeabilize the target cell plasma membrane and to transport the DNA towards or across the permeabilized membrane by electrophoresis. For efficient electrotransfer, reversible undamaging target cell permeabilization is mandatory. We report the possibility to monitor in vivo cell electroporation during pulse delivery, and to adjust the electric field strength on real time, within a few microseconds after the beginning of the pulse, to ensure efficacy and safety of the procedure. A control algorithm was elaborated, implemented in a prototype device and tested in luciferase gene electrotransfer to mice muscles. Controlled pulses resulted in protection of the tissue and high levels of luciferase in gene transfer experiments where uncorrected excessive applied voltages lead to intense muscle damage and consecutive loss of luciferase gene expression.
authors.affiliation: UMR 8121 CNRS, Institute Gustave-Roussy, 39 Rue Camille Desmoulins, F-94805 Villejuif Cédex, France.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cukjati
authors.forename: Danute
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Batiuskaite
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: André
authors.forename: Damijan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miklavcic
authors.forename: Lluis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Mir
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003199:Computer Systems; D004247:DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D018274:Electroporation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008839:Microelectrodes; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014162:Transfection / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D014780:Viruses / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004247:DNA