title: Effect of point of care information on inpatient management of bronchiolitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We studied the effects of access to point-of-care medical evidence in a computerised physician order entry system (CPOE) on management and clinical outcome of children with bronchiolitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a before-after study that took place in a Canadian tertiary care paediatric teaching hospital. The intervention was a clinical evidence module (CEM) for bronchiolitis management, adapted from Clinical Evidence (BMJ Publishing Group) and integrated into the hospital CPOE. CPOE users were medical trainees under the supervision of staff physicians working in the infant ward. Use of antibiotics, bronchodilators and corticosteroids; disease severity; length of hospital admission; and trainee use and perception of the CEM were measured before and after CEM introduction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  334 paediatric inpatients age 2 weeks to 2 years, with a clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis; 147 children the year preceding and 187 children the year following introduction of a Clinical Evidence Module (CEM). The percentage of patients receiving antibiotics fell from 35% to 22% (relative decrease 37%) following the introduction of the CEM (p = 0.016). Bronchodilator use was high but following the CEM patients no longer received more than one variety. Steroid usage and length of hospitalisation were low and unaffected. Trainees found the CEM to be educational.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Readily accessible clinical evidence at the point of care was associated with a significant decrease in antibiotic use and an end to multiple bronchodilator use. The majority of physician trainees found the CEM to be a useful educational tool.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. king@cheo.on.ca
authors.forename: W James
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Le Saux
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sampson
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gaboury
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Moher
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001988:Bronchiolitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007297:Inpatients; D008297:Male; D009864:Ontario; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000639:trends; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017751:Safety Management; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents