title: The likely impact of elevated [CO2], nitrogen deposition, increased temperature and management on carbon sequestration in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems: a literature review.
abstract: Temperate and boreal forest ecosystems contain a large part of the carbon stored on land, in the form of both biomass and soil organic matter. Increasing atmospheric [CO2], increasing temperature, elevated nitrogen deposition and intensified management will change this C store. Well documented single-factor responses of net primary production are: higher photosynthetic rate (the main [CO2] response); increasing length of growing season (the main temperature response); and higher leaf-area index (the main N deposition and partly [CO2] response). Soil organic matter will increase with increasing litter input, although priming may decrease the soil C stock initially, but litter quality effects should be minimal (response to [CO2], N deposition, and temperature); will decrease because of increasing temperature; and will increase because of retardation of decomposition with N deposition, although the rate of decomposition of high-quality litter can be increased and that of low-quality litter decreased. Single-factor responses can be misleading because of interactions between factors, in particular those between N and other factors, and indirect effects such as increased N availability from temperature-induced decomposition. In the long term the strength of feedbacks, for example the increasing demand for N from increased growth, will dominate over short-term responses to single factors. However, management has considerable potential for controlling the C store.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), PO Box 7072, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hyvönen
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), PO Box 7072, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Göran I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Ågren
authors.affiliation: Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, SLU, PO Box 49, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sune
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Linder
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), PO Box 7072, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Tryggve
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, IT-81100 Caserta, Italy.
authors.forename: M Francesca
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Cotrufo
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Sciences, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
authors.forename: Alf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ekblad
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), PO Box 7072, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), PO Box 7072, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Achim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grelle
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Universiteit Antwerpen (UA), Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
authors.forename: Ivan A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Janssens
authors.affiliation: Duireaskin, Aberfeldy, Perthshire PH15 2ED, UK.
authors.forename: Paul G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Jarvis
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Forestry, University of Joensuu, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland.
authors.forename: Seppo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kellomäki
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystems Analysis, Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lindroth
authors.affiliation: INRA, Research Unit EPHYSE, BP81, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex FR-33883, France.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Loustau
authors.affiliation: Unit for Field-based Forest Research, SLU, SE-922 91 Vindeln, Sweden.
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lundmark
authors.affiliation: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Norby
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Science and Policy, Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0328, USA.
authors.forename: Ram
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oren
authors.affiliation: Plant Biology and Biogeochemistry Department, Risö National Laboratory, PO Box 49, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pilegaard
authors.affiliation: USDA Forest Service RMRS, 240 West Prospect Road, Fort Collins, CO 80526 USA.
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.affiliation: Agricultural University of Iceland, IS-311 Borgarnes, Iceland.
authors.forename: Bjarni D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Sigurdsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystems Analysis, Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden.|Department of Forest Soils, SLU, PO Box 7001, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strömgren
authors.affiliation: CEH-Edinburgh, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK.
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Oijen
authors.affiliation: Department. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Göteborg, PO Box 461, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Göran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wallin
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D017753:Ecosystem; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature; D014197:Trees / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen