title: Investigation of the performance of an ergonomic handrim as a pain-relieving intervention for manual wheelchair users.
abstract: Manual wheelchair users commonly experience pain in their hands and wrists associated with the repetitive stress of propulsion. The objective of this research was to examine the effect of an ergonomic wheelchair handrim as an intervention designed to reduce pain in the hands and wrists and improve functional outcomes for manual wheelchair users. Three studies were conducted to achieve this objective. In the first study, 10 individuals with paraplegia underwent a biomechanical analysis before and after a 2-week practice period with a Natural-Fit (NF) prototype ergonomic handrim. The biomechanical results showed that grip moments were reduced with the NF handrim prototype as compared with the subjects' current handrim (p < .1). Other biomechanical findings were mixed. In the second study, 46 manual wheelchair users who replaced their standard handrim with the commercially available NF handrim completed a questionnaire of retrospective measures of symptom severity. Average duration of use of the NF was 6 months. When asked to compare propelling with the NF to propelling with their prior handrims, 85% of respondents reported less pain in their hands and 80% reported less pain in their wrists. The third study was a replication and extension of Study 2: 82 manual wheelchair users who replaced their standard handrim with the NF completed retrospective symptom severity and functional status scales after using the NF for an average of 9 months. Results again confirmed that using the NF led to a reduction in the severity of symptoms and to improved functional outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Human Engineering Research Laboratories (151R1-H), VA Pittsburgh Health Care System, 7180 Highland Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA.
authors.forename: Alicia M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Koontz
authors.forename: Yusheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Boninger
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kanaly
authors.forename: Rory A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Boninger
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dieruf
authors.forename: Lynette
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ewer
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002349:Carpal Tunnel Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006804:Ergonomics; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014910:Wheelchairs