title: Retention rate of levetiracetam in children with intractable epilepsy at 1 year.
abstract: Levetiracetam (LEV) is a novel antiepileptic drug (AED) that has recently obtained marketing authorisation for use in children. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy, tolerability and retention rate of LEV in children with refractory epilepsies. It is a retrospective multicentre observational study reporting the use of LEV in 200 children, aged 0.3-19 years (median 9-years-old) over a 4-year period. All of the patients included in the study had refractory epilepsy with a median age of onset of epilepsy of 3 years (range 0-13 years). The 38% had failed and withdrawn 3 or more AEDs previously and 24% were taking at least 2 other AEDs in addition to LEV. The 47% had focal, and 58% had symptomatic epilepsies. The LEV dose ranged from 8 to 100 mg/kg/day (mean 39 mg/kg). The study comprised 215 person years of LEV exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LEV was well tolerated with a retention rate of 49% at 1 year. No serious adverse events were reported with possibly related adverse events reported in only 24% of patients (mainly emotional or behavioural changes). At more than 2, 6 and 12 months, worthwhile improvement (>50% seizure reduction) was noted in 60, 40 and 32%, including seizure freedom in 14, 14 and 5%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results confirm the efficacy and tolerability of LEV in children with refractory epilepsies and demonstrate good response and retention rates at 12 months. It represents the largest cohort of paediatric patients published so far on LEV with a 1-year follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Neurology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, and Nottingham University Hospitals, UK. peagrew@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peake
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mordekar
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gosalakkal
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mukhtyar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buch
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Crane
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wheway
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rittey
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Whitehouse
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Philip
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D000077287:Levetiracetam; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010352:Patient Dropouts / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010889:Piracetam / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000077287:Levetiracetam; D010889:Piracetam