title: Botulinum toxin A injections improve apraxia of eyelid opening without overt blepharospasm associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimohata
authors.forename: Masahisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Onodera
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Masatoyo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001072:Apraxias / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001764:Blepharospasm / Q000175:diagnosis*; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005143:Eyelids / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A