title: The ligand binding domain controls glucocorticoid receptor dynamics independent of ligand release.
abstract: Ligand binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) results in receptor binding to glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) and the formation of transcriptional regulatory complexes. Equally important, these complexes are continuously disassembled, with active processes driving GR off GREs. We found that co-chaperone p23-dependent disruption of GR-driven transcription depended on the ligand binding domain (LBD). Next, we examined the importance of the LBD and of ligand dissociation in GR-GRE dissociation in living cells. We showed in fluorescence recovery after photobleaching studies that dissociation of GR from GREs is faster in the absence of the LBD. Furthermore, GR interaction with a target promoter revealed ligand-specific exchange rates. However, using covalently binding ligands, we demonstrated that ligand dissociation is not required for receptor dissociation from GREs. Overall, these studies showed that activities impinging on the LBD regulate GR exchange with GREs but that the dissociation of GR from GREs is independent from ligand dissociation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California-San Francisco, 600 16th Street, Room GH-S574, San Francisco, CA 94107-2280, USA.
authors.forename: Sebastiaan H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Meijsing
authors.forename: Cem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Elbi
authors.forename: Hans F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Luecke
authors.forename: Gordon L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Hager
authors.forename: Keith R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D036681:Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D051379:Mice; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D051381:Rats; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020218:Response Elements; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; C411470:glucocorticoid receptor alpha