title: High-dose vascular endothelial growth factor increases surfactant protein gene expressions in preterm rat lung.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of intra-amniotic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment on surfactant pool sizes and surfactant protein (SP) gene expressions in fetal rat lung.
  
  
  METHODS
  On the 18th day of gestation, an abdominal midline incision was performed on timed pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats and the two uterine horns were exposed. VEGF (2.5 microg or 5.0 microg) and saline were injected into the amniotic cavity of the left and right uterine horns, respectively. On the 19th day of gestation, fetuses were delivered by caesarean section.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analyzed the data between the fetuses within the same dam in each group. Mean fetal body weight and lung tissue saturated phosphatidylcholine and total phospholipids were comparable between control and VEGF-treated rats at each VEGF dosage. Lung SP mRNA expressions were comparable between control and VEGF 2.5 microg-treated rats. VEGF 5.0 microg treatment increased lung SP mRNA expressions and the values were statistically significant for SP-B and SP-D mRNAs when compared with the control rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that VEGF might have potential therapeutic implications in enhancing fetal lung maturation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Leng-Fang
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D020567:Fetal Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D037661:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010743:Phospholipids; D037661:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467498:vascular endothelial growth factor A, rat