Gingival condition of women with gestational diabetes on a Greek island.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the condition of gingival tissues in women who had gestational diabetes mellitus. The study group consisted of 64 women with gestational diabetes and the control group of 88 healthy pregnant women. The plaque index and gingival index and their relationship to a series of variables (socio-demographic, diet, oral hygiene, oral condition) were evaluated. Clinical evaluations were carried out between 34 and 36 weeks of pregnancy. The women with gestational diabetes had a higher mean plaque index and higher mean gingival index than the healthy pregnant women (p = 0.048 and p = 0.029, respectively). Linear regression analysis showed an association between gingival index and plaque index (p < 0.001). Gestational diabetes was not significantly related to gingivitis when other factors that differed between the two groups were taken into account. The results of the study suggest that gingival inflammation seems to be more prevalent in women with gestational diabetes compared to healthy pregnant women, while the plaque accumulation remains the main cause of gingival inflammation.
Mittas
Efthymios
E
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Crete, Faculty of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece. mittase@in.gr
Erevnidou
Katerina
K
Koumantakis
Evgenios
E
Papavasileiou
Stathis
S
Helidonis
Emmanuel
E
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational; D005260:Female; D005882:Gingival Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011247:Pregnancy; D012016:Reference Values; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors