title: Oral findings in 58 adults with tuberous sclerosis complex.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gingival fibromas and dental pitting are among the diagnostic criteria for tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our goal was to document the oral findings in 58 adult patients with TSC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty patients (69%) had oral fibromas, appearing mostly on the attached or interdental gingiva. Other oral mucosal sites with fibromas included buccal and labial mucosa, the superior labial frenulum, palate, and tongue. In all, 56 patients (97%) had multiple dental enamel pits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case series comprised predominantly adult women with TSC and lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral fibromas in TSC are mostly, but not exclusively, gingival. Dental pits are present in nearly all patients. The multiple oral papules in TSC may appear similar to those observed in Cowden syndrome, Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, and rarely in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.
authors.affiliation: National Capital Consortium Residency Program, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sparling
authors.forename: Chien-Hui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Jaime S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Brahim
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moss
authors.forename: Thomas N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Darling
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005351:Fibromatosis, Gingival / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D018192:Lymphangioleiomyomatosis / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D014402:Tuberous Sclerosis / Q000150:complications*