SDF-1 alpha regulates mesendodermal cell migration during frog gastrulation.
During frog gastrulation, mesendodermal cells become apposed to the blastocoel roof (BCR) by endoderm rotation, and migrate towards the animal pole. The leading edge of the mesendodermal cells (LEM) contributes to the directional migration of involuting marginal zone (IMZ) cells, but the molecular mechanism of this process is not well understood. Here we show that CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling mediates the directional movement of the LEM in Xenopus embryos. Expression of xCXCR4 was detected in the IMZ, and was complemented by xSDF-1alpha expression in the inner surface of the BCR. Over-expression of xCXCR4 and xSDF-1alpha caused gastrulation defects. An xCXCR4 N-terminus deletion construct and xSDF-1alpha-MO also inhibited gastrulation. Furthermore, explants of LEM migrate towards the dorsal BCR in the presence of xSDF-1alpha, and altered xCXCR4 expression in the LEM inhibited LEM migration. These results suggest that CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling is necessary for the migrations of massive numbers of cells during gastrulation.
Fukui
Akimasa
A
Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
Goto
Toshiyasu
T
Kitamoto
Junko
J
Homma
Motohiro
M
Asashima
Makoto
M
D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D004707:Endoderm / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005775:Gastrula / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014982:Xenopus laevis
D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4