title: Deletion analyses of SMN1 and NAIP genes in Malaysian spinal muscular atrophy patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene has been recognized to be responsible for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) because it is homozygously deleted in more than 90% of SMA patients, irrespective of their clinical severity, whereas the neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP) gene is now considered to be a modifying factor of the severity of SMA. In Malaysia, it remains to be elucidated whether deletion of the SMN1 gene is also a main cause of SMA or whether deletion of the NAIP gene is found in the SMA patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  To clarify the pathogenesis of SMA in Malaysia, a deletion analysis of the SMN1 and NAIP genes was performed in 24 Malaysian SMA patients. Deletion analysis of exons 7 and 8 of the SMN1 gene was performed according to the method described by van der Steege et al., while deletion analysis of exon 5 of the NAIP gene was performed according to a method described by Roy et al.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Homozygous deletion of SMN1 exon 7 and exon 8 were identified in 19 out of 24 patients (79%). As to the NAIP gene, deletion of exon 5 was detected in six out of 24 patients (25%). NAIP gene deletion was correlated with severity of the disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Deletion of the SMN1 exon 7 is a major cause of SMA in Malaysia, and NAIP gene deletions are not rare in type I SMA in Malaysia. The lower percentage of the SMN1 gene deletion may be due to the possibility that the present study included some patients without SMN1 gene abnormality and/or some patients with non-deletion type mutations in the SMN1 gene.
authors.affiliation: Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Braru, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Watihayati
authors.forename: Azhar M H
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Zabidi-Hussin
authors.forename: Thean H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Hisahide
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: Bin Alwi
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Zilfalil
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051616:Neuronal Apoptosis-Inhibitory Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D055532:SMN Complex Proteins; D014897:Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood / Q000235:genetics*; D055533:Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein
chemical_list: D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D051616:Neuronal Apoptosis-Inhibitory Protein; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D055532:SMN Complex Proteins; C526471:SMN1 protein, human; D055533:Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein