title: The ADRB3 Trp64Arg variant and obesity in African-American breast cancer cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if a missense change at codon 64 of ADRB3 (Trp64Arg), a candidate obesity gene, is associated with obesity and levels of subcutaneous or visceral fat in African-American breast cancer cases. Several observational studies have found that women, who are overweight or obese at the time of diagnosis, as well as those who gain weight after diagnosis, are at greater risk for breast cancer recurrence and death than non-overweight women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort of breast cancer cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  219 African-American breast cancer patients participating in the Los Angeles component of the Health, Eating, Activity and Lifestyle Study.
  
  
  METHODS
  ADRB3 Trp64Arg genotype, measures of weight including body mass index (BMI), weight gain (weight 5 years before diagnosis compared with weight at 30 months after diagnosis), obesity (BMI> or =30 kg/m(2)), waist/hip circumference and visceral or subcutaneous fat were determined by magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  African-American women who were homozygous for the ADRB3 wild-type allele had significantly higher mean visceral fat levels than women who carried the variant (P=0.04), and were significantly more likely to be obese (odd ratios (OR)=2.1, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.1-4.2). The association with obesity was most pronounced among women who were premenopausal (OR=4.8, 95% CI=1.3-18), who received chemotherapy for their breast cancer (OR=6.1, 95% CI=1.8-20), or who were not physically active (OR=3.9, 95% CI=1.5-9.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The wild-type allele of the ADRB3 missense change was associated with measures of obesity in our sample of African-American women. The association was modified by menopausal status, history of chemotherapy and modest levels of physical activity. These results will need to be confirmed in an independent sample.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. mckeanco@usc.edu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McKean-Cowdin
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McTiernan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ballard-Barbash
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Gauderman
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gilliland
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000208:ethnology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000235:genetics*; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000473:pathology; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3