title: Changes in the peripheral blood mtDNA levels in naive patients treated by different nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor combinations and their association with subsequent lipodystrophy.
abstract: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) differ in the type and severity of adverse effects resulting from mitochondrial abnormalities. mtDNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was measured during the first 12 months of different NRTIs combinations and its association with clinical lipodystrophy was estimated. Extended follow-up of a randomized trial, ALBI-ANRS 070, including antiretroviral naive patients was conducted. Total DNA was extracted from available cryopreserved PBMCs at baseline and months 6 and 12. Nuclear and mitochondrial genes were amplified using a real-time PCR assay. Clinical lipodystrophy was assessed 30 months after randomization using a standardized questionnaire. A logistic regression analysis assessed the value of mtDNA to predict lipodystrophy. Mean mtDNA level (copies/cell) significantly decreased from 5847 at baseline to 3176 at month 12 (p < 0.0001). In the zidovudine + lamivudine (ZDV + 3TC) arm (n = 37), the mean mtDNA was 6098, 6807, and 3725 copies/cell for baseline, month 6, and month 12, respectively. In the stavudine + didanosine (d4T + ddI) arm (n = 40), the mean values were 5616, 5731, and 2648 copies/cell, respectively. The proportion of patients in the lowest quartile of mtDNA (<1421 copies/cell) at month 12 was higher in 18 patients with lipodystrophy (44%) than in 28 without lipodystrophy (7%) (p = 0.008). At 12 months, a larger reduction of mtDNA from baseline was observed in those started on the d4T + ddI arm. Furthermore, a low mtDNA level at month 12 was associated with the subsequent development of lipodystrophy. This marker may be of value for the early prevention of lipodystrophy in treated HIV-infected patients.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U593, F-33076 Bordeaux, France. genevieve.chene@isped.u-bordeaux2.fr
authors.forename: Geneviève
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chêne
authors.forename: Bahia
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Amellal
authors.forename: Gaëlle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pédrono
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gourlain
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rancinan
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Journot
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cotte
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: Nathalie De
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Calvez
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Molina
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000097:blood*; D016049:Didanosine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018119:Stavudine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D019259:Lamivudine; D015215:Zidovudine; D018119:Stavudine; D016049:Didanosine