title: The relationships among anxiety, anger, and blood pressure in children.
abstract: Relationships between anger and anxiety have been examined in adults but less frequently in children. This investigation explored relationships among trait anxiety, trait anger, anger expression patterns, and blood pressure in children. The participants were 264 third- through sixth-grade children from five elementary schools who completed Jacob's Pediatric Anger and Anxiety Scale and Jacob's Pediatric Anger Expression Scale and had their blood pressure measured. Data were analyzed using descriptive and correlational statistics and hierarchical regression. Results have implications for the way in which anxiety and anger are perceived in children and the importance of teaching children to deal with emotions.
authors.affiliation: Byrdine F. Lewis School of Nursing, Georgia State University, PO Box 4019, Atlanta, GA 30302-4019, USA. chowell@gsu.edu
authors.forename: Carol C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: Marti H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: Myra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carmon
authors.forename: Roxanne Pickett
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Hauber
mesh_terms: D000786:Anger; D001007:Anxiety / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors