title: Transscleral red-laser cyclophotocoagulation combined with limited anterior retinal cryocoagulation in neovascular glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate transscleral contact red-laser cyclophotocoagulation (CPC), using a visible red 647-nm krypton or 670-nm diode laser and limited transscleral anterior retinal cryocoagulation in neovascular glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective case series, 35 eyes of 35 consecutive patients treated during a period of 6 years were included in the study. Inclusion was dependent on follow-up of at least 1 month. Patients who had undergone previous cyclodestructive procedures and patients who received an additional glaucoma operation in conjunction with CPC were excluded. In the combined procedure, the power per CPC application was 370-450 mW and exposure time was 10 seconds. One to two rows of cryoapplications were given to 360 degrees of the anterior retina.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The success rate in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP of 8-21 mmHg or a decrease in IOP > 30%) was 89% at the last follow-up (17 +/- 15 months). Iris neovascularization regressed in 51% of eyes. Hypotonia developed in one (3%) eye (IOP of 5 mmHg). No cases of phthisis bulbi were seen. Visual acuity (VA) declined in 49% of eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A combination of transscleral contact red-laser CPC with limited anterior retinal cryocoagulation is efficient in lowering IOP in neovascular glaucoma and is well tolerated. During follow-up, a decrease in VA occurs in a significant proportion of patients.
authors.affiliation: Helsinki University Eye Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. virpi_raivio@luukku.com
authors.forename: Virpi E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Raivio
authors.forename: Ilkka J R
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Immonen
authors.forename: Päivi M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Puska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000601:surgery*; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015355:Glaucoma, Neovascular / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D017075:Laser Coagulation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012160:Retina / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012590:Sclera; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity