title: Evidence-based approach to lingering hydration questions.
abstract: Studies related to fundamental hydration issues have required clinicians to re-examine certain practices and concepts. The ingestion of substances such as creatine, caffeine, and glycerol has been questioned in regards to safety and hydration status. Reports of overdrinking (hyponatremia) also have brought into question the practices of drinking appropriate fluid amounts and the role that fluid-electrolyte balance has in the etiology of heat illnesses such as heat cramps. This article offers a fresh perspective on timely topics related to hydration, fluid balance, and exercise in the heat.
authors.affiliation: Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, 2095 Hillside Road, U-1110, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ganio
authors.forename: Douglas J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Casa
authors.forename: Lawrence E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: Carl M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Maresh
mesh_terms: D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003401:Creatine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003681:Dehydration / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004326:Drinking; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D015532:Rehydration Solutions
chemical_list: D015532:Rehydration Solutions; D002110:Caffeine; D003401:Creatine