title: Detection of the neuronal activity occurring caudal to the site of spinal cord injury that is elicited during lower limb movement tasks.
abstract: METHODS
  Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the spinal cord (spinal fMRI) was used to detect neuronal activity elicited by passive and active lower limb movement tasks, in regions caudal to the injury site in volunteers with spinal cord injury.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this project are: (1) to assess the use of spinal fMRI as a tool for detecting neuronal function in the spinal cord below an injury, and (2) to characterize the neuronal response to active and passive movement tasks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institute for Biodiagnostics, National Research Council of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  fMRI of the spinal cord was carried out in 12 volunteers with cervical or thoracic spinal cord injuries. Spinal fMRI was carried out in a 1.5 T clinical MR system using established methods. Active and passive lower limb movement tasks were performed, and sagittal images spanning the entire lumbar spinal cord were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Activity was detected in all volunteers regardless of the extent of injury. During both active and passive participation, activity was seen caudal to the injury site, although the number of active voxels detected with passive movement was less than with the active movement task. Average percent signal change was 13.6% during active participation and 15.0% during passive participation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spinal fMRI is able to detect a neuronal response during both active and passive lower limb movement tasks in the spinal cord caudal to the injury site.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kornelsen
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Stroman
mesh_terms: D002420:Cauda Equina / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen