The inactivation of cytochrome P450 3A5 by 17alpha-ethynylestradiol is cytochrome b5-dependent: metabolic activation of the ethynyl moiety leads to the formation of glutathione conjugates, a heme adduct, and covalent binding to the apoprotein.
17Alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE) inactivates cytochrome P450 3A5 (3A5) in the reconstituted system in a mechanism-based manner. The inactivation is dependent on NADPH, and it is irreversible. The inactivation of 3A5 by EE is also dependent on cytochrome b5 (b5). The values for the K(I) and k(inact) of the 7-benzyloxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)coumarin O-debenzylation activity of 3A5 are 26 microM and 0.06 min(-1), respectively. Incubation of 3A5 with EE resulted in a 62% loss of catalytic activity, 60% loss in the reduced CO difference spectrum, and 40% decrease in native heme with the formation of a heme adduct. The partition ratio was approximately 25, and the stoichiometry of binding was approximately 0.3 mol of EE metabolite bound/mol of P450 inactivated. Four major metabolites were formed during the metabolism of EE by 3A5. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis demonstrated that [3H]EE was irreversibly bound to 3A5 apoprotein. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis (LC-MS/MS) revealed that two glutathione (GSH) conjugates with m/z values of 620 were formed only in the presence of b5. These two conjugates are formed from the reaction of GSH with the ethynyl group with the oxygen being inserted into either the internal or terminal carbon. A heme adduct with the ion at m/z 927 and two dipyrrole adducts with ions at m/z 579 were detected by LC-MS/MS analysis. In conclusion, 3A5 can activate EE to a 17alpha-oxirene-related reactive species that can then partition the oxygen between the internal and terminal carbons of the ethynyl group to form heme and apoprotein adducts, resulting in the inactivation of P450 3A5.
Lin
Hsia-Lien
HL
Department of Pharmacology, 2301 MSRB III, 1150 West Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0632, USA.
Hollenberg
Paul F
PF
D001059:Apoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001711:Biotransformation; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D015786:Cytochromes b5 / Q000502:physiology*; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000737:chemistry; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D006418:Heme / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
D001059:Apoproteins; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D006418:Heme; D009249:NADP; D015786:Cytochromes b5; C510164:CYP3A5 protein, human; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D010450:Endopeptidases; D005978:Glutathione