title: Endogenous ileal losses of nitrogen and amino acids in pigs and piglets fed graded levels of casein.
abstract: In order to determine ileal losses of nitrogen (N) and amino acids (AA) and the coefficients of apparent and true ileal digestibility (AID, TID) of N and AA from casein in piglets and pigs, two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, 24 piglets were used. The piglets were weaned at 17 days of age, weighing 6.4 kg and cannulated at terminal ileum. Ileal digesta was collected at 28-29 and 35-36 days of age in period 1 and 2, respectively. Feed intake was 150 and 300 g x d(-1) during the first and second period. In Experiment 2, 16 castrates weighing 52.5 kg and cannulated at terminal ileum were used. The intake level of digestible energy was 2.5 times their maintenance requirement. The experiment lasted 7 days and ileal digesta was collected on day 6-7. Treatments consisted of four levels of N from casein: 8, 16, 24 and 32 g N x kg(-1) feed, respectively. Results showed that N level did not increase N or AA ileal losses. In piglets, N and AA ileal losses were similar between periods, except for period 2, where losses per kg DMI were about 47 and 64% higher for glycine and proline, respectively (p < 0.05). When ileal losses from pigs and piglets were compared, piglets had higher (p < 0.05) ileal losses of N and AA (excepted glutamic acid and alanine). A lower (p < 0.05) AID was observed in piglets in period 2 for N, methionine, glutamic acid, glycine and proline. With exception of glycine in pigs, all values for TID of N and AA of casein were superior to 0.90. Piglets had higher TID of N, leucine, isoleucine, valine and phenylalanine. These results showed that piglets have higher ileal losses than pigs.
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Investigación en Fisiología Animal (CENI Fisiología), INIFAP, México. mariscal.gerardo@inifap.gob.mx
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mariscal-Landín
authors.forename: Tércia C Reis
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: De Souza
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000378:metabolism*; D002364:Caseins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007082:Ileum / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D002364:Caseins; D009584:Nitrogen