title: Plasma cell balanitis: clinicopathologic study of 112 cases and treatment modalities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Plasma cell balanitis or Zoon's balanitis is an idiopathic benign condition of the genitalia that mostly presents as a solitary, persistent plaque on the glans primarily in uncircumcised, middle-aged to older men.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twelve patients with a clinical diagnosis of plasma cell balanitis were studied between January 1985 and April 2003.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The age of the patients ranged from 24 to 70 years. The majority of patients had symptoms for more than 12 months. Lesions involved the prepuce and glans in the majority of patients (66; 58.92%), the prepuce only in 26 patients (23.21%), and the glans only in 20 patients (17.85%). Tissue for histopathology was available in 96 patients. Histologically, epidermal edema, a dense upper dermal band of chronic inflammatory cells, including many plasma cells, dilated capillaries, extravasated red blood cells, and hemosiderin deposition, was seen. In most, cases, plasma cell balanitis was successfully treated by circumcision.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report describes our experience with plasma cell balanitis and reviews its clinical and histopathologic aspects. The treatment modalities are also reviewed, and the importance of circumcision as the treatment of choice is emphasized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. kumarbhushan@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Bhushan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Tarun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Narang
authors.forename: Bishan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dass Radotra
authors.forename: Somesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001446:Balanitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002944:Circumcision, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome