title: The impact of renal function on the long-term clinical course of patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the impact of the level of kidney function on the extended (>5 years) long-term clinical course of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been significantly associated with an increased in-hospital and 1-year mortality following PCI.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this single-centre retrospective study, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at baseline was estimated in 371 patients not on dialysis, who underwent successful PCI between mid-1995 and mid-1999. Baseline demographic and angiographic characteristics, and long-term major adverse cardiac events and symptoms were compared for patients with GFR > or =60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) (normal or mildly impaired renal function) and GFR > or = 60 ml/ min/1.73 m(2) (CKD). The independent effect of GFR, modelled both as a categorical and a continuous variable, on long-term clinical outcomes was also investigated using multivariate Cox regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine-year all-cause and cardiac mortality rates were significantly higher in the CKD group (45.9% vs. 10.6%, P < 0.0001 and 35.4% vs. 7.1%, P < 0.0001 respectively), while there was no difference in the repeat revascularization (P = 0.27) and nonfatal Q-wave myocardial infarction (P = 0.74) rates. Multivariate analysis demonstrated an independent impact of the level of GFR on long-term mortality; adjusted 9-year all-cause and cardiac mortality increased by approximately 16% and 11%, respectively for a decrease of GFR from 120 to 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) and by approximately 14% and 9%, respectively for a decrease of GFR from 60 to 30 ml/min/1.73 m(2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The level of renal function is a strong determinant of long-term all-cause and cardiac mortality after successful PCI.
authors.affiliation: Michaelideion Cardiac Centre, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
authors.forename: Michail I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Papafaklis
authors.forename: Katerina K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Naka
authors.forename: Nikos D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Papamichael
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kolios
authors.forename: Lampros
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sioros
authors.forename: Vassiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sclerou
authors.forename: Christos S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Katsouras
authors.forename: Lampros K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Michalis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors