title: Prevalence of renal involvement in Indian patients with systemic sclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Renal involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc) either in the form of scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) or nonrenal crisis abnormalities has been reported to be in the range of 60-80%. Renal involvement is thought to be rare in Indian patients with SSc. However, there is paucity of data.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the frequency and pattern of renal involvement in Indian patients with SSc.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single center prospective, cross sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively evaluated the patients with SSc attending the Rheumatology Clinic. All patients were evaluated for renal involvement. All patients underwent measurement of blood pressure, urine examination, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation using Cockcroft-Gault formula and kidney biopsy when indicated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Statistical analysis was performed using SAS 8.0 statistical package.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-seven patients were included in the study from July 2001 to December 2004. Mean age of patients was 36.88 +/- 12.51 years. About 30% of patients had diffuse cutaneous SSc. None of these patients had SRC either at enrollment in the study or during follow-up. Eleven (12.6%) patients had hypertension. Six (6.9%) patients had abnormal urinary findings in the form of either active urinary sediment or significant proteinuria. Only one patient had azotemia (plasma creatinine > 1.8 mg/dl). Calculated GFR CONCLUSION: SRC is very rare in Indian patients with SSc. However, non-renal crisis abnormalities appear to be as common in Indian patients as compared to the western literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical sciences, New Delhi, India. guptarajiva@hotmail.com
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bammigatti
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Dinda
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marwaha
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000150:complications*