title: A switch in numb isoforms is a critical step in cortical development.
abstract: Loss of numb function suggests that numb maintains progenitors in an undifferentiated state. Herein, we demonstrate that numb1 and numb3 are expressed in undifferentiated cortical progenitors, whereas numb2 and numb4 become prominent throughout differentiation. To further assess the role of different numb isoforms in cortical neural development, we first created a Numb-null state with antisense morpholino, followed by the re-expression of specific numb isoforms. The re-expression of numb1 or numb3 resulted in a significant reduction of neural differentiation, correlating with an expansion of the cortical progenitor pool. In contrast, the expression of numb2 or numb4 resulted in a reduction of proliferating progenitors and a corresponding increase in mammalian achete-scute homologue (MASH1) expression, concurrent with the appearance of the microtubule[corrected]-associated [corrected] protein-2-positive neurons. Of interest, the effect of numb isoforms on neural differentiation could not be directly related to Notch, because classic canonical Notch signaling assays failed to uncover any differences in the four isoforms to inhibit the Notch downstream events. This finding suggests that numb may have other signaling properties during neuronal differentiation in addition to augmenting notch signal strength.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neural Stem Cell Biology, Robarts Research Institute, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Mahmud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bani-Yaghoub
authors.forename: Chris J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kubu
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cowling
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rochira
authors.forename: George N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Nikopoulos
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bellum
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Verdi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000235:genetics; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D051880:Receptors, Notch / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D051880:Receptors, Notch; C499317:Ascl1 protein, mouse; C106293:Numb protein, mouse