title: Improving the quality of care for mild to moderate dementia: an evaluation of the Croydon Memory Service Model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The large majority of people with dementia receive nothing in the way of specialist assessment and care at any stage of their illness. There is a particular lack of services focussed on early identification and intervention in dementia where there is the possibility of long-term harm reduction for people with dementia and their family carers. We have developed a model of care that is complementary to local systems of health and social care (The Croydon Memory Service Model [CMSM]). This is a low-cost, high-throughput, generic service to enable early identification and intervention in dementia. It is a multi-agency approach with joint ownership by health services, social services and the voluntary sector with embedded specifically-tailored approaches to primary care and minority ethnic communities.
  
  
  METHODS
  We completed a service evaluation of the introduction of the CMSM in a single borough in South London. Six predefined service goals were set: high acceptability; high appropriate referral rate; successful engagement with people from minority ethnic groups; successful engagement with people with young onset dementia; focus on engagement with mild cases to enable early intervention; and an increase in the overall number of new cases of dementia seen. Mixed qualitative and quantitative methodologies were used including a description and 6-month follow-up of a cohort of 290 consecutive referrals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All key predefined service goals were met: 95% acceptability; 94% appropriate referrals; successful engagement with minority ethnic groups (two-fold greater number compared with that expected from general population demographic data); 17% of referrals under 65 years of age; 68% referrals with mild or minimal dementia severity; and an estimated 63% increase in the number of new cases of dementia seen in Croydon. At 6-month follow up, those referred to the service had decreased behavioural disturbance and increased quality of life compared with baseline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specific services for early dementia, which deliver diagnosis and care, can be established. These services can increase the numbers of people with early dementia identified and provided with care. Those receiving such services appear to improve in terms of quality of life and behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. Next steps should include the establishment of such services in other representative areas and evaluation of their effectiveness in comparison with other models of care.
authors.affiliation: Section of Mental Health and Ageing, Health Services Research Department, The Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK. s.banerjee@iop.kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Sube
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Rosalind
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Willis
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: Faith
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Contell
authors.forename: Jeni
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008131:London; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D008605:Mental Health Services; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009937:Organizational Objectives; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D013222:State Medicine; D016896:Treatment Outcome