title: Effect of azelastine, montelukast, and their combination on allergen-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Histamine and cysteinyl leukotrienes play an important role in early (EAR) and late (LAR) allergen reactions. Although protection by anti-histamines and anti-leukotrienes has been studied extensively, little is known about the effect of their combination. We, therefore, assessed the effect of clinically recommended doses of azelastine and montelukast alone and in combination on EAR and LAR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients (mean age 31 years, 14 m/3 f) with asthma and proven EAR and LAR received an oral dose of 4 mg azelastine twice daily, or 10mg montelukast once daily, or both for 1 week, in a double-blind, double-dummy, cross-over fashion. FEV(1) was measured after single-dose allergen challenges during EAR (0-2h) and LAR (2-9h).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Azelastine, montelukast and their combination protected against both EAR and LAR (p<0.004, each) by 46% and 43%, 76% and 59%, and 89% and 78%, respectively. Azelastine was not as effective during EAR but equally effective to montelukast during LAR. The combination was superior to each drug alone during both EAR and LAR (p<0.05, each).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of azelastine and montelukast in clinically recommended doses has a greater effect in suppressing early and late allergen reactions than each drug alone.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Research Institute at Hospital Grosshansdorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grönke
authors.forename: Stanislawa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Janicki
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maus
authors.forename: Rudolf A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jörres
authors.forename: Helgo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Magnussen
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010793:Phthalazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D013440:Sulfides
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D010793:Phthalazines; D011804:Quinolines; D013440:Sulfides; C093875:montelukast; C020976:azelastine