title: Group and home-based tai chi in elderly subjects with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of tai chi consisting of group and home-based sessions in elderly subjects with knee osteoarthritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, controlled, single-blinded 12-week trial with stratification by age and sex, and six weeks of follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  General community.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one adults (70 +/- 9.2 years) with knee osteoarthritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The tai chi programme featured six weeks of group tai chi sessions, 40 min/session, three times a week, followed by another six weeks (weeks 7 -12) of home-based tai chi training. Subjects were requested to discontinue tai chi training during a six-week follow-up detraining period (weeks 13-18). Subjects in the attention control group attended six weeks of health lectures following the same schedule as the group-based tai chi intervention (weeks 0 -6), followed by 12 weeks of no activity (weeks 7-18).
  
  
  METHODS
  Knee pain measured by visual analogue scale, knee range of motion and physical function measured by Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) were recorded at baseline and every three weeks throughout the 18-week study period. Data were analysed using a mixed model ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The six weeks of group tai chi followed by another six weeks of home tai chi training showed significant improvements in mean overall knee pain (P = 0.0078), maximum knee pain (P = 0.0035) and the WOMAC subscales of physical function (P = 0.0075) and stiffness (P = 0.0206) compared to the baseline. No significant change of any outcome measure was noted in the attention control group throughout the study. The tai chi group reported lower overall pain and better WOMAC physical function than the attention control group at weeks 9 and 12. All improvements disappeared after detraining.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Texas 79430, USA.
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brismée
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Paige
authors.forename: Ming-Chien
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chyu
authors.forename: Julie D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Boatright
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hagar
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: McCaleb
authors.forename: Mauricio M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Quintela
authors.forename: Du
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Ke T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Chwan-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006126:Group Processes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010349:Patient Compliance; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D026302:Tai Ji; D016896:Treatment Outcome