title: A novel anti-inflammatory function of human galectin-1: inhibition of hematopoietic progenitor cell mobilization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activity of mammalian galectin-1 (Gal-1) has been well established in experimental in vivo animal models and in vitro studies. Since the proliferation and migration of leukocytes represent a necessary and important step in response to the inflammatory insult, we have investigated whether Gal-1 affects the mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) induced by cyclophosphamide (CY) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Bone marrow HPCs were mobilized with CY/G-CSF or CY/G-CSF plus human recombinant Gal-1 in BDF1 mice. Bone marrow (BM) and blood cells were taken at different time points and analyzed for their in vivo repopulating ability in lethally irradiated syngeneic animals. The number of myeloid progenitor cells in BM and blood samples was determined by colony-forming cell assay. Expression of surface markers (Sca-1, CD3epsilon, CD45R/B220, Ter-119, GR-1, and CD11b) on nucleated marrow cells was measured by flow cytometry. The lymphocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes in blood samples were counted after Giemsa staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gal-1 dramatically inhibited CY/G-CSF-induced HPC migration to the periphery as well as decreased peripheral neutrophilia and monocytosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In contrast, Gal-1 itself stimulated HPC expansion and accumulation within the BM. The presence of the lectin for inhibition of HPC mobilization was essential during the second half of the treatment. Moreover, Gal-1 inhbited transendothelial migration of BM-derived HPCs in response to SDF-1 in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gal-1 blocked BM progenitor cell migration induced by CY/G-CSF treatment, indicating a novel anti-inflammatory function of the lectin. We suggest that the inhibition of HPC mobilization occurs mainly via obstructing the transendothelial migration of BM-derived cells including primitive hematopoietic and committed myeloid progenitor cells and mature granulocytes and monocytes.
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Biology, National Medical Center, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.forename: Aliz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kunstár
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fajka-Boja
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dudics
authors.forename: József
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tóvári
authors.forename: Adám
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Légrádi
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Monostori
authors.forename: Ferenc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Uher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay / Q000379:methods; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D037483:Galectin 1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019650:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization / Q000379:methods*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D015415:Biomarkers; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; C515256:Cxcl12 protein, mouse; D037483:Galectin 1; C445499:LGALS1 protein, human; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D003520:Cyclophosphamide