title: Lack of indinavir-associated nephrological complications in HIV-infected adults (predominantly women) with high indinavir plasma concentration in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
abstract: To report the tolerance of indinavir combined with ritonavir (IDV/r 800/100 mg) twice daily (bid) in sub-Saharan African HIV-infected adults. HAART-naives patients started zidovudine plus lamivudine plus IDV/r 800/100 mg bid. Follow-up included standardized documentation of morbidity, CD4(+) cell count, creatininemia, plasma HIV-1 RNA, and IDV minimal plasma concentration (C(min)) measurements at month 1 (M1), M3, and M6. Seventy HIV-1-infected adults (68 women, median CD4 235/mm(3)) started HAART. At M6, 63% had undetectable viral load, and the median gain in CD4 since baseline was +128/mm(3). During the first 6 months, 21 patients experimented with 23 treatment modifications (reduction in IDV/r 400/100 mg bid, n = 11; switch to efavirenz, n = 11; zidovudine replaced by stavudine, n = 1), including 22 for digestive intolerance and 1 for severe anemia. At M1, M3, and M6, 67, 59, and 48 patients were still receiving IDV/r 800/100 mg bid, of whom 70%, 72%, and 60% had IDV Cmin above 5 ng/ml, respectively. In these patients, at M1, M3, and M6, the mean (+/- SD) IDV C(min) were 3431 +/- 3835 ng/ml, 2288 +/- 2116 ng/ml, and 1543 +/- 2398 ng/ml, respectively. There was no renal insufficiency of any grade, and no symptoms of urinary stones. The IDV/r 800/100 mg bid-containing regimen led to high IDV Cmin and a high rate of digestive intolerance. There was a surprising lack of nephrological side effects during the 6 months of follow-up, supporting the hypothesis that nephrological tolerance of IDV might be higher in sub-Saharan African individuals than in Americans or Europeans.
authors.affiliation: Programme PAC-CI, Abidjan, Ccte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Danel
authors.forename: Raoul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moh
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peytavin
authors.forename: Amani
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anzian
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minga
authors.forename: Olivier Ba
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Gomis
authors.forename: Boga
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Seri
authors.forename: Gustave
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nzunettu
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gabillard
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salamon
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bissagnene
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Anglaret
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D007560:Cote d'Ivoire; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D019469:Indinavir / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D012367:RNA, Viral; D019469:Indinavir