title: Results of the Tokyo Consensus Meeting Tokyo Guidelines.
abstract: A systematic review of references conducted in the process of developing the Guidelines for the Management of Acute Cholangitis and Cholecystitis did not find many high-quality research reports. There were no criteria for diagnosis, severity assessment, or patient transfer, and no established principles of clinical practice guidelines for acute cholangitis and cholecystitis. In order to develop guidelines that would be useful in clinical practice, an understanding of the current status of clinical practice for acute cholangitis and cholecystitis was considered essential. After several open symposia and a survey of these two diseases, we developed and published a Japanese-language version of Evidence-Based Practice Guidelines for the Management of Acute Cholangitis and Cholecystitis. In order to prepare international Guidelines, we had repeated discussions about the draft Guidelines together with international experts, and, following the Consensus Meeting, held on April 1-2, 2006, in Tokyo, with the attendance of 300 world experts in the field, the International Guidelines for the Management of Acute Cholangitis and Cholecystitis were developed. In this article, we outline the comments and opinions given at the International Meeting and how they are reflected in the final version of the Guidelines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mayumi
authors.forename: Tadahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawarada
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nimura
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sekimoto
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Keita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagino
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuyuguchi
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Harumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gomi
authors.forename: Henry A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Pitt
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000465:Algorithms; D002761:Cholangitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D041881:Cholecystitis, Acute / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014041:Tokyo