Treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin for hepatitis C virus-associated severe cryoglobulinemia in a liver/kidney transplant recipient.
End-stage liver disease after hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most common indication for liver transplantation, accounting for over 40% of liver transplants performed. Combined liver/kidney transplantation is being performed more frequently, in part because HCV infection may coexist with conditions that damage the kidney, such as diabetes and cryoglobulinemia. Unfortunately, HCV hepatitis and cryoglobulinemia may recur after liver transplantation and adversely affect graft and patient survival. In immunocompetent patients, interferon (IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) combination therapy is often able to control cryoglobulinemic syndrome. Very little data are available on liver transplant recipients, whereas IFN usually is not indicated in kidney transplant recipients because of early reports of steroid-induced rejection after its administration. Successful treatment of cryoglobulinemia with IFN/RBV in recipients of combined liver/kidney transplant has not been previously reported. We treated 1 recipient of a combined liver and kidney transplant with pegylated-IFN/RBV combination therapy. The patient developed HCV recurrence associated with cryoglobulinemia and severe cutaneous peripheral and neurologic manifestations. Treatment with pegylated-IFN-alpha2b and RBV for 12 months cured the cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and allowed the sustained eradication of HCV with no significant changes in kidney function.
Montalbano
Marzia
M
Section of Gastroenterology and CeLiverR, Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy.
Pasulo
Luisa
L
Sonzogni
Aurelio
A
Remuzzi
Giuseppe
G
Colledan
Michele
M
Strazzabosco
Mario
M
D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D003449:Cryoglobulinemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D016174:Hepacivirus; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D007871:Leg Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; D003404:Creatinine; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a