title: Kinetics of murine decidual dendritic cells.
abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells (APC) capable of induction of primary immune responses as well as immunologic tolerance. Myeloid and lymphoid subsets of murine DCs are able to shift cytokine responses of T cells toward Th2 and Th1 profiles respectively. Thus, DCs would be suitable candidates to mediate the balance of maternal immune responses to conception. We analyzed pregnancy-related variations in uterus and splenic DCs in a murine model. C57BL/6-mated Balb/c female mice with vaginal plugs were scarified at early, middle, and late pregnancy. Frozen sections of uterus and spleen at each stage of pregnancy were immunostained with CD11c- and MHC-II-specific antibodies. Two-color immunohistochemistry was also carried out using anti-CD11c and one of the antibodies against CD11b, CD8alpha, CD86, and DEC-205. Using morphometric analysis, the average density of DCs and relative percentage of myeloid (CD11c+, CD11b+) and lymphoid DCs (CD11c+, CD8a+) were determined at each stage. Our results showed that DCs are present throughout the pregnancy in decidua. The average density of decidual DCs at early pregnancy was significantly higher relative to middle and late gestation or to those of endometrial DCs of non-pregnant mice. Interestingly, the average density of decidual and splenic DCs, followed the same variations at different stages of pregnancy. The relative percentage of decidual lymphoid DCs (LDC) was significantly higher at mid-gestation when compared with other stages of pregnancy or non-pregnant mice. Inversely, the frequency of myeloid DCs (MDC) and the MDC/LDC ratio were statistically lower at the middle stage of pregnancy. A majority of decidual DCs expressed MHC-II and CD86. At early pregnancy, DCs were more concentrated subadjacent to the luminal epithelial layers, whereas at mid-or late gestation, DCs were randomly distributed in the stroma and around the epithelium. Mid-pregnancy period was a critical point with regard to splenic DCs kinetics, as both the average density of DCs and the frequency of MDCs decreased significantly when compared with early or late pregnancy, although the relative percentage of splenic LDCs did not change. Our data suggest that the balance of MDC and LDC is finely tuned throughout pregnancy, pointing an eminent immunoregulatory role of DCs in the maintenance of pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir-Hassan
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Zarnani
authors.forename: Seyed-Mohammad
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Moazzeni
authors.forename: Fazel
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shokri
authors.forename: Mojdeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salehnia
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jeddi-Tehrani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis*; D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D039521:CD11c Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D003656:Decidua / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000032:analysis; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D011247:Pregnancy; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000032:analysis; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D039481:CD11b Antigen; D039521:CD11c Antigen; D016827:CD8 Antigens; C431698:CD8alpha antigen; C497965:Cd86 protein, mouse; C093569:DEC-205 receptor; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface