title: The development of intellectual abilities in pediatric temporal lobe epilepsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the impact of clinical variables, particularly age at onset of epilepsy, on intellectual function in a group of children with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the preoperative neuropsychological test results of 79 children with unilateral TLE who subsequently underwent surgical resection. The impact of age at onset and duration of epilepsy, pathology type, and side of resection on full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ) scores was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intellectual dysfunction (defined as IQ < 79) was present in 57% of children, and age at onset of epilepsy was the best predictor of intellectual function. Children with epilepsy onset in the first year of life had a particularly high incidence of intellectual impairment (82.4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest a critical period during the first year of life for the subsequent development of intellectual abilities and highlight the importance of early treatment in this population.
authors.affiliation: Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK. f.cormack@ich.ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cormack
authors.forename: J Helen
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cross
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Isaacs
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Harkness
authors.forename: Ingram
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Faraneh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vargha-Khadem
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baldeweg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D017668:Age of Onset; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007361:Intelligence Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011379:Prognosis; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology