title: Effects of the mycotoxin citrinin on micronucleus formation in a cytokinesis-block genotoxicity assay in cultured human lymphocytes.
abstract: Some mycotoxins produced by microfungi are capable of causing disease and death in animals and humans. In the present study, the mycotoxin citrinin (CTN) was evaluated for its genotoxic effects to human peripheral blood lymphocytes from six different individuals. Lymphocyte cultures were treated for 48 h with CTN at six different concentrations between 10 and 100 microM. Lymphocyte cultures were also incubated with 0.1 microM mitomycin c (MMC) as a positive control, and 0.5% absolute ethanol as a vehicle control.CTN caused a significant concentration-dependent increase in micronucleus (MN) frequency in human lymphocytes. At the 60 microM, 80 microM and 100 microM concentrations, CTN was found to induce MN in cytokinesis-blocked lymphocytes in comparison with negative controls (P = 0.014). All the CTN concentrations also led to a clear decrease in the percentages of binucleated/mononucleated cells (P = 0.014). These results indicate that CTN at high concentrations is genotoxic in cultured human lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. donmezh@erciyes.edu.tr
authors.forename: Hamiyet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dönmez-Altuntas
authors.forename: Gülcan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dumlupinar
authors.forename: Nalan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Imamoglu
authors.forename: Zuhal
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hamurcu
authors.forename: Bilal Cem
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Liman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002953:Citrinin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048749:Cytokinesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000187:drug effects*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests / Q000379:methods; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009183:Mycotoxins; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; D002953:Citrinin; D016685:Mitomycin