title: The epidemiology of repeat contacts with an Emergency Department or an Institute of Forensic Medicine due to violent victimization in a Danish urban population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of repeat contacts with an urban emergency department (ED) and/or an institute of forensic medicine.
  
  
  METHODS
  All victims of violence in contact with the ED at Odense University Hospital and/or the Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Southern Denmark 1991-2002 were included. Victims who had two or more contacts were identified as repeat victims and a recurrence proportion was estimated. Survival analysis was made with time of observation from the first to the second contact due to violence and a repetition percentage was estimated as the proportion with repeated characteristics in the incident leading to the second contact compared to the index contact and a repetition percentage was estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall 10,216 individuals with 14,307 incidents were included in the study. Overall, the recurrence proportion was 22% and repeat victims who were responsible for 44% of all contacts to the ED and/or the Institute of Forensic Medicine in the study period. The median time from first to the next incident was 1.75 years for males and 1.64 years for females. Overall 34% of the males and 37% of the females experienced the next incident within 1 year. The time span decreased significantly with increasing age for both males and females. The frequency of weapon use was low with a repetition percentage of 17% for males and 7% for females. For potential severe lesions such as bone fractures and internal lesions the repetition percentage was 28% and 19% for males and 23% and 25% for females.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study showed that contact with an ED due to violent victimization often is followed by subsequent contacts with the same ED and/or the IFM due re-victimization and that recurrent incidents share characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Accident Analysis Group, Department of Orthopaedics, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark. christian.faergemann@ouh.fyns-amt.dk
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Faergemann
authors.forename: Jens M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lauritsen
authors.forename: Ole
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Brink
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stovring
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005554:Forensic Medicine; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014505:Urban Population; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology