title: Ammonium bicarbonate as porogen to make tetracycline-loaded porous bioresorbable membranes for dental guided tissue regeneration: failure due to tetracycline instability.
abstract: The goal of this work was to manufacture a bioresorbable porous membrane aimed at both promoting osseous regeneration in oral surgery and delivering an antibiotic drug locally. The selected design consisted of a porous poly (D,L-lactic acid) matrix having a closed smooth face on one side to prevent inner migration of conjunctive and epithelial cells, and the rest of the membrane presenting open porosity to allow in-growth of osseous neotissue. The antibiotic drug was tetracycline because of its large antibacterial spectrum and its osteogenetic activity. Solvent casting/particulate leaching and gas foaming/salt leaching methods were selected to create the porosity, and ammonium bicarbonate was selected as thermosensitive water-soluble porogen because other studies reported that sodium chloride was difficult to remove totally. One-side-skinned, porous permeable membranes were successfully obtained. However, deleterious alterations of the drug were observed that were assigned to the basicity of the porogen, thus precluding any practical use in vivo.
authors.affiliation: CRBA, CNRS-UMR 5473, University Montpellier 1, Faculty of Pharmacy, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Cyril
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nublat
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Braud
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Garreau
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002465:Cell Movement; D004355:Drug Stability; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D016062:Porosity; D013515:Surgery, Oral; D013754:Tetracyclines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D013754:Tetracyclines; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); C027043:ammonium bicarbonate