title: Critical illness neuromuscular syndromes.
abstract: Critical illness neuromyopathy (CINM) is the most common peripheral neuromuscular disorder encountered in the ICU. Bilateral diffuse weakness predominant in the proximal part of the limbs after improvement of the acute phase of the critical illness is highly suggestive of CINM. Although muscle and peripheral nerve are often involved in combination, muscle involvement alone is increasingly identified on electrophysiologic investigation, including direct muscle stimulation. Respiratory weakness results in delayed weaning and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Besides muscle immobilization and prolonged sepsis-induced multiorgan failure, which are risk factors for CINM, hyperglycemia and use of corticosteroids might have a deleterious effect on the neuromuscular system in critically ill patients.
authors.affiliation: Réanimation Médico-chirurgicale, Centre Hospitalier de Poissy, 10 rue du Champ- Gaillard, 78300 Poissy, France. bdejonghe@chi-poissy-st-germain.fr
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: De Jonghe
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lacherade
authors.forename: Marie-Christine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sharshar
mesh_terms: D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods*; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control