title: Inactivation of Cdk1/Cyclin B in metaphase-arrested mouse FT210 cells induces exit from mitosis without chromosome segregation or cytokinesis and allows passage through another cell cycle.
abstract: It is well known that inactivation of Cdk1/Cyclin B is required for cells to exit mitosis. The work reported here tests the hypothesis that Cdk1/Cyclin B inactivation is not only necessary but also sufficient to induce mitotic exit and reestablishment of the interphase state. This hypothesis predicts that inactivation of Cdk1 in metaphase-arrested cells will induce the M to G1-phase transition. It is shown that when mouse FT210 cells (in which Cdk1 is temperature-sensitive) are arrested in metaphase and then shifted to their non-permissive temperature, they rapidly exit mitosis as evidenced by reassembly of interphase nuclei, decondensation of chromosomes, and dephosphorylation of histones H1 and H3. The resulting interphase cells are functionally normal as judged by their ability to progress through another cell cycle. However, they have double the normal number of chromosomes because they previously bypassed anaphase, chromosome segregation, and cytokinesis. These results, taken together with other observations in the literature, strongly suggest that in mammalian cells, inactivation of Cdk1/cyclin B is the trigger for mitotic exit and reestablishment of the interphase state.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, Oshkosh, WI 54901, USA. paulson@uwosh.edu
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Paulson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D020090:Chromosome Segregation / Q000502:physiology; D019926:Cyclin B / Q000378:metabolism*; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D048749:Cytokinesis / Q000502:physiology; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D020868:Gene Silencing / Q000502:physiology*; D008677:Metaphase / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008938:Mitosis / Q000502:physiology*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D019926:Cyclin B; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine