title: Detection of newly diagnosed bladder cancer, bladder cancer recurrence and bladder cancer in patients with hematuria using quantitative rt-PCR of urinary survivin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Survivin mRNA in urine was measured to detect newly diagnosed bladder cancer, bladder cancer recurrence and bladder cancer in patients with hematuria.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have investigated urinary survivin mRNA of 118 voided urine specimens, including 24 patients with bladder cancer, 50 with bladder cancer history, 68 not known to harbor bladder cancer, and 55 with hematuria using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. beta-Actin mRNA expression was also examined and used as an endogenous control to ensure validity of the assay for each sample.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The survivin expression in urological patient urine had sensitivities and specificities for all patients of 79 and 93%, for detection of newly diagnosed bladder cancer 83 and 95%, for bladder cancer recurrence 82 and 90%, and for bladder cancer in patients with hematuria 80 and 90%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of urinary survivin is a sensitive, noninvasive and highly specific assay to detect both newly diagnosed bladder cancer and bladder cancer recurrence. Furthermore, this assay may be useful in stratifying the hematuria population in urological practice.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Applied Research and Product Development, Fujirebio Diagnostics, Inc., Malvern, Pa., USA.
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kenney
authors.forename: Ryan D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Geschwindt
authors.forename: Marcia R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kary
authors.forename: Jeanette M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Linic
authors.forename: Niranjan Y
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Sardesai
authors.forename: Zhong-Qian
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine*; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000652:urine*; D012372:ROC Curve; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000077022:Survivin; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000077022:Survivin