title: Clinical, radiographic and histological analysis of the effects of mineral trioxide aggregate used in direct pulp capping and pulpotomies of primary teeth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary teeth pulp exposures have traditionally been treated with formocresol or ferric sulphate pulpotomies or calcium hydroxide pulp capping. The aim of this study was to observe the tissue response when mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was used.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten primary teeth had direct pulp caps and 11 had a pulpotomy with MTA. The teeth were restored and then clinically reviewed monthly for five months and before extraction. Radiographs were taken prior to treatment, after one month and prior to extraction. After extraction, the teeth were examined histologically and the responses to treatment were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One pulpotomy and two pulp capping cases had postoperative pain and signs of pulp degeneration. Radiographs showed no root resorption, no periodontal pockets and no furcation radiolucencies. No cases had draining sinuses or increased mobility. Most pulps responded favourably from a clinical perspective although a variety of responses were noted histologically--normal odontoblasts, irregular odontoblasts, intra-pulpal calcifications, dentinal bridges, cementum formation, internal resorption, inflammatory infiltrate and pulp necrosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The responses of pulps in primary teeth to MTA pulpotomies and pulp caps were favourable from clinical and radiographic perspectives although a variety of histological responses were noted. MTA may be a favourable material for pulp capping and pulpotomies in primary teeth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Endodontics and Dental Hygiene, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caicedo
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Alongi
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Alarcon
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000187:drug effects*; D003785:Dental Pulp Capping / Q000379:methods*; D003809:Dentin, Secondary / Q000378:metabolism; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011672:Pulpotomy / Q000379:methods*; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017640:Silicates / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate