title: Head and neck reconstruction using infrahyoid myocutaneous flaps.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The use of pedicled myocutaneous flaps in head and neck reconstruction is widely accepted. Here we describe our experience with infrahyoid flaps (IHFs) employed to cover surgical defects in the oral cavity and oropharynx in patients with benign and malignant tumors. The aim was to evaluate the success rate for infrahyoid myocutaneous flap procedures performed at a single institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study, at the Head and Neck Surgery Service, Unicamp.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen IHFs were used to reconstruct surgical defects in eleven men (78.5%) and three women (21.5%) with a mean age of 66.4 years. The anterior floor of the mouth was reconstructed in nine patients (64.2%), the base of tongue in three (21.4%), the lateral floor in one (7.1%), and the retromolar area (7.1%) in one. Thirteen patients (92.8%) had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and one (7.2%) ameloblastoma. The disease stage was T3 in eight (61.5%) of the SCC cases and T4 in five (38.5%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No patient presented total flap loss or fistula. The most common complication was epidermolysis, which delayed the beginning of oral ingestion. The patients with SCC received postoperative radiotherapy without major consequences to the flap.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IHF is a safe and reliable procedure for reconstructing head and neck surgical defects. Due to its thinness and malleability, its use for oral cavity and oropharynx defects provides favorable cosmetic and functional outcomes. Complications, when present, are easy to manage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. docdnegro@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Alfio José
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Tincani
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Negro
authors.forename: Priscila Pereira Costa
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: Hugo Kenzo
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Akashi
authors.forename: Flávia da Silva Pinto
authors.initials: Fda S
authors.lastname: Neves
authors.forename: Antônio Santos
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Martins
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D006928:Hyoid Bone; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000637:transplantation*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards*; D016896:Treatment Outcome