title: Ovarian response to the human chorionic gonadotrophin stimulation test in normal ovulatory women: the impact of regressing corpus luteum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the impact of the regressing corpus luteum on the hormone secretion during hCG stimulation. The hCG stimulation test in the early follicular phase has been used to assess the capacity of the ovarian theca cells to secrete steroids.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group consisted of 11 women with confirmed ovulation in the past cycle (corpus luteum positive [CL+]) and the control group of 11 women using oral contraceptive pills (OC; no CL).
  
  
  METHODS
  An hCG test (5,000 IU IM) was performed 2 to 4 days after menstrual bleeding, and the ovarian response was measured at 0, 48, and 96 hours after injection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Changes in serum concentrations of P, 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), androstenedione (A), T, E(2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and in ovarian vasculature and volume (three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Secretion of P and 17-OHP increased after hCG injection in the CL group, whereas no change was observed in women on OCs (P < or = .001). Concomitant increases were observed in volume and vasculature of the ovary with a CL (P<.05), but not in the contralateral ovary or in women on OCs. The changes in volume and vasculature correlated with levels of P and 17-OHP (P<.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The regressing corpus luteum from the past menstrual cycle reactivates and secretes steroids in response to hCG stimulation performed during the early follicular phase, which should be taken into account when comparing hormone profiles of ovulatory and anovulatory women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. ilkka.jarvela@oulu.fi <ilkka.jarvela@oulu.fi>
authors.forename: Ilkka Y
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Järvelä
authors.forename: Maarit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niinimäki
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Martikainen
authors.forename: Aimo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruokonen
authors.forename: Juha S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Tapanainen
mesh_terms: D019326:17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D003338:Corpus Luteum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000502:physiology*; D010053:Ovary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D019326:17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone