title: Proportion of solvent-exposed amino acids in a protein and rate of protein evolution.
abstract: Translational selection, including gene expression, protein abundance, and codon usage bias, has been suggested as the single dominant determinant of protein evolutionary rate in yeast. Here, we show that protein structure is also an important determinant. Buried residues, which are responsible for maintaining protein structure or are located on a stable interaction surface between 2 subunits, are usually under stronger evolutionary constraints than solvent-exposed residues. Our partial correlation analysis shows that, when whole proteins are included, the variance of evolutionary rate explained by the proportion of solvent-exposed residues (P(exposed)) can reach two-thirds of that explained by translational selection, indicating that P(exposed) is the most important determinant of protein evolutionary rate next only to translational selection. Our result suggests that proteins with many residues under selective constraint (e.g., maintaining structure or intermolecular interaction) tend to evolve slowly, supporting the "fitness (functional) density" hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yeong-Shin
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Wei-Lun
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Jenn-Kang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Wen-Hsiung
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D011506:Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D012997:Solvents