Quantification of low levels of organochlorine pesticides using small volumes (<or=100 microl) of plasma of wild birds through gas chromatography negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry.
A solid phase extraction and gas chromatography with negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry in scan mode (GC-NCI-MS) method was developed to identify and quantify for the first time low levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCs) in plasma samples of less than 100 microl from wild birds. The method detection limits ranged from 0.012 to 0.102 pg/microl and the method reporting limit from 0.036 to 0.307 pg/microl for alpha, gamma, beta and delta-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), heptachlor, aldrin, heptachlor epoxide, endosulfan I, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE), dieldrin, endrin, endosulfan-II, endrin-aldehyde and endosulfan-sulfate. Pesticide levels in small serum samples from individual Falco sparverius, Sturnella neglecta, Mimus polyglottos and Columbina passerina were quantified. Concentrations ranged from not detected (n/d) to 204.9 pg/microl for some OC pesticides. All levels in the food web in and around cultivated areas showed the presence of pesticides notwithstanding the small areas for agriculture existing in the desert of Baja California peninsula.
Rivera-Rodríguez
Laura B
LB
Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C., Environmental Planning and Conservation Program, Mar Bermejo No. 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, Ado. Postal 128, La Paz, BCS. 23090, México. lrivera04@cibnor.mx
Rodríguez-Estrella
Ricardo
R
Ellington
James Jackson
JJ
Evans
John J
JJ
D000452:Aldrin / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds / Q000097:blood*; D010856:Columbidae / Q000097:blood; D003634:DDT / Q000097:blood; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000097:blood; D004026:Dieldrin / Q000097:blood; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000097:blood; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000097:blood*; D046093:Falconiformes / Q000097:blood; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006533:Heptachlor / Q000097:blood; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000097:blood; D006586:Hexanes / Q000097:blood; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000097:blood*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000097:blood; D046109:Passeriformes / Q000097:blood; D010575:Pesticides / Q000097:blood*
D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006586:Hexanes; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D007306:Insecticides; D010575:Pesticides; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D006533:Heptachlor; D003634:DDT; D004026:Dieldrin; D004726:Endosulfan; D000452:Aldrin