title: Vasorelaxant effects of Brillantaisia nitens Lindau (Acanthaceae) extracts on isolated rat vascular smooth muscle.
abstract: Brillantaisia nitens Lindau (Acanthaceae) is traditionally used in Cameroon for the treatment of many diseases including cardiovascular disorders. We have studied its vasorelaxant effects in rat vascular smooth muscle. In this study, aqueous, methylene chloride, methanol, and methylene chloride/methanol leaves extracts of Brillantaisia nitens were tested for their relaxing ability in vitro. Strips of rat aorta, with or without intact endothelium, were mounted in tissue baths, contracted with KCl (60mM) or norepinephrine (10(-4)M), and then exposed to the plant extracts. These extracts exhibited concentration-dependent vasorelaxations of norepinephrine-induced contractions of intact aortic strips. The EC(50) were 0.42+/-0.01mg/ml (aqueous extract), 0.63+/-0.02mg/ml (methylene chloride extract), 0.73+/-0.02mg/ml (methanol extract) and 0.36+/-0.02mg/ml (methylene chloride/methanol extract). The methylene chloride/methanol (CH(2)Cl(2)/CH(3)OH) extract was the most potent relaxing extract. It caused a concentration-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxation of the rat aortic strips contracted by KCl or norepinephrine. On the NE-induced contraction, its maximal relaxant activity (109%) due to the dose of 1.5mg/ml, was not significantly modified by the pretreatment of aortic strips with indomethacin (89%, P>0.05) or with l-NAME (103%, P>0.05). This suggests that the vasorelaxation elicited by CH(2)Cl(2)/CH(3)OH extract was not mediated via endothelium-derived prostacyclin or nitric oxide. In contrast, this relaxation was markedly reduced by tetraethylammonium, a blocker of non-selective K(+) channels and glibenclamide, a blocker of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels. The CH(2)Cl(2)/CH(3)OH extract significantly inhibited Ca(2+)-induced concentration-contraction and the Ca(2+) influx in aortic strips incubated with 60mM KCl. These results indicate that the vasorelaxant effect of the CH(2)Cl(2)/CH(3)OH extract of Brillantaisia nitens is due to an inhibition of Ca(2+) influx, possibly via the activation of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon. dimo59@yahoo.com
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dimo
authors.forename: O-S Bopda
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Mtopi
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Nguelefack
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kamtchouing
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zapfack
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Asongalem
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dongo
mesh_terms: D027901:Acanthaceae; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002163:Cameroon; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005905:Glyburide / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015640:Ion Channel Gating; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D008752:Methylene Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D019789:Tetraethylammonium / Q000494:pharmacology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D015221:Potassium Channels; D012997:Solvents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D008752:Methylene Chloride; D019789:Tetraethylammonium; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005905:Glyburide; D002118:Calcium; D000432:Methanol