title: Cell type-specific expression of a genetically encoded calcium indicator reveals intrinsic calcium oscillations in adult gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons.
abstract: The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons exhibit a unique pattern of episodic activity to control fertility in all mammals. To enable the measurement of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in adult GnRH neurons in situ, we generated transgenic mice in which the genetically encodable calcium indicator ratiometric Pericam was expressed by approximately 95% of GnRH neurons. Real-time monitoring of [Ca2+]i within adult male GnRH neurons in the acute brain slice revealed that approximately 70% of GnRH neurons exhibited spontaneous, 10-15 s duration [Ca2+]i transients with a mean frequency of 7 per hour. The remaining 30% of GnRH neurons did not exhibit calcium transients nor did a population of non-GnRH cells located within the lateral septum that express Pericam. Pharmacological studies using antagonists to the inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R) and several calcium channels, demonstrated that [Ca2+]i transients in GnRH neurons were generated by an InsP3R-dependent store-release mechanism and were independent of plasma membrane ligand- or voltage-gated calcium channels. Interestingly, the abolition of action potential-mediated transmission with tetrodotoxin reduced the number of [Ca2+]i transients in GnRH neurons by 50% (p < 0.05), suggesting a modulatory role for synaptic inputs on [Ca2+]i transient frequency. Using a novel transgenic strategy that enables [Ca2+]i to be examined in a specific neuronal phenotype in situ, we provide evidence for spontaneous [Ca2+]i fluctuations in adult GnRH neurons. This represents the initial description of spontaneous [Ca2+]i transients in mature neurons and shows that they arise from an InsP3R-generating mechanism that is further modulated by synaptic inputs.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Physiology, University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Christine L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Jasoni
authors.forename: Martin G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Todman
authors.forename: Max M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Strumia
authors.forename: Allan E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Herbison
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D002118:Calcium