title: Selective L-nitroargininylaminopyrrolidine and L-nitroargininylaminopiperidine neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitors.
abstract: Selective inhibition of the localized excess production of NO by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) has been targeted as a potential means of treating various neurological disorders. Based on observations from the X-ray crystal structures of complexes of nNOS with two nNOS-selective inhibitors, (4S)-N-{4-amino-5-[(2-amino)ethylamino]pentyl}-N'-nitroguanidine (L-Arg(NO2)-L-Dbu-NH2 (1) and 4-N-(Nomega-nitro-L-argininyl)-trans-4-amino-L-proline amide (2), a series of descarboxamide analogues was designed and synthesized (3-7). The most potent compound was aminopyrrolidine analogue 3, which exhibited better potency and selectivity for nNOS than parent compound 2. In addition, 3 provided higher lipophilicity and a lower molecular weight than 2, therefore having better physicochemical properties. Nalpha-Methylated analogues (8-11) also were prepared for increased lipophilicity of the inhibitors, but they had 4- to 5-fold weaker binding affinity compared to their parent compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology, and the Center for Drug Discovery and Chemical Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA.
authors.forename: Jiwon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martásek
authors.forename: Linda J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Roman
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Silverman
mesh_terms: D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015394:Molecular Structure; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C519237:L-nitroargininylaminopiperidine; C519236:L-nitroargininylaminopyrrolidine; D010880:Piperidines; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D001120:Arginine; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I