title: Centrally and peripherally administered ghrelin potently inhibits water intake in rats.
abstract: Ghrelin is known as a potent orexigenic hormone through its action on the brain. In this study, we examined the effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) and iv injection of ghrelin on water intake, food intake, and urine volume in rats deprived of water for 24 h. Water intake that occurred after water deprivation was significantly inhibited by icv injection of ghrelin (0.1, 1, and 10 nmol/rat) in a dose-related manner, although food intake was stimulated by the hormone. The antidipsogenic effect was as potent as the orexigenic effect. Similarly, water intake was inhibited, whereas food intake was stimulated dose dependently after iv injection of ghrelin (0.1, 1, and 10 nmol/kg). The inhibition of drinking was comparable with, or even more potent than, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), an established antidipsogenic hormone, when administered icv, although the antidipsogenic effect lasted longer. ANP had no effect on food intake. Urine volume decreased dose relatedly after icv injection of ghrelin but not by ANP. Intravenous injection of ghrelin had no effect on urine volume. Because drinking usually occurs with feeding, food was withdrawn to remove the prandial drinking. Then the antidipsogenic effect of ghrelin became more potent than that of ANP and continued longer than when food was available. Expression of Fos was increased in the area postrema and the nucleus of the tractus solitarius by using immunohistochemistry after icv and iv injection of ghrelin. The present study convincingly showed that ghrelin is a potent antidisogenic peptide in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujihara
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Minori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Otsubo
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004326:Drinking / Q000187:drug effects*; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D054439:Ghrelin; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D014556:Urine
chemical_list: D054439:Ghrelin; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos