title: Expression pattern of genes in peripheral blood  mononuclear cells in diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Only one-third of Type 1 diabetes patients develop diabetic nephropathy, and a genetic predisposition is postulated. To obtain more insight into processes that lead to diabetic nephropathy, messenger RNA expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with and without diabetic nephropathy were compared.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied seven male patients with Type 1 diabetes and proteinuria and 12 male patients with Type 1 diabetes and normoalbuminuria after at least 20 years of diabetes duration. The expression of genes was examined using the microarray method with Human Genome U133A Arrays (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA). We analysed the expression of all candidate genes suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy in previously published articles. Altogether, expression of 198 genes was analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) and cyclooxygenase 1(COX1) genes were over-expressed in patients with diabetic nephropathy, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) genes had lower expression in diabetic nephropathy. For other genes, we did not observe different expression between patients with and without diabetic nephropathy,or the expression was too low for analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The different gene expression pattern in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with diabetic nephropathy might indicate an important pathway in the pathogenesis of this complication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology in Zabrze, Poland. dmoczulski@slam.katowice.pl
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Moczulski
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fojcik
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wielgorecki
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Trautsolt
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gawlik
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kosiorz-Gorczynska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oczko-Wojciechowska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wiench
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Strojek
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zukowska-Szczechowska
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Grzeszczak
mesh_terms: D001773:Blood Cells; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000235:genetics*