title: Update on thyroid eye disease.
abstract: Thyroid-associated eye disease is an orbital manifestation of autoimmune thyroid disease. Its treatment, despite recent developments, is still challenging, and complete improvement of functional and/or cosmetic impairement is not always possible. This update tries to give an overview of actual concepts for conservative and surgical management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stemberger
authors.forename: George J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Kahaly
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pitz
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D049970:Graves Ophthalmopathy / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D011878:Radiotherapy
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids