title: Er,Cr:YSGG laser pretreatment of primary teeth for bonded fissure sealant application: a quantitative microleakage study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Laser pretreatment of dental hard tissues prior to preventive or restorative procedures has been a subject of research. Unground primary enamel bears a prismless superficial layer which is known to be acid resistant. This in vitro study was conducted in order to evaluate the potential use of Er,Cr:YSGG laser in the pretreatment of occlusal surfaces of primary teeth prior to bonded fissure sealant application.
  
  
  METHODS
  Occlusal surfaces of human primary mandibular molars were used (n =140). After pretreatment with Er,Cr:YSGG laser (group A) or not (group B), occlusal fissures were treated with one of the following in each of 7 subgroups (n = 10): 1. phosphoric acid-etch only; 2. Clearfil SE Bond; 3. FL Bond; 4. Adper Prompt L-Pop; 5. NRC+Prime & Bond NT; 6. One-Up Bond F; 7. Xeno III. All teeth were sealed with Fissurit F. The specimens were thermocycled (1000 times) and stored thereafter in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 8 months. Following immersion in 0.5% basic fuchsin solution, three bucco-lingual sections were made from each tooth. They were digitally photographed and the extent of dye penetration along the enamel-sealant interface was measured (in mm) with image analysis software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference between the Er,Cr:YSGG laser pretreated group (group A) and the nonlased grou (group B) (p > 0.05). The lowest microleakage values were observed in subgroups A1 and B1. Within the laser pretreated group, subgroups A1, A4, and A5 showed lower microleakage scores when compared to subgroups A2, A3, A6, and A7 (p < 0.05). As for the nonlased group, subgroups B1, B3, B4, and B5 demonstrated significantly lower microleakage scores than subgroups B2, B6, and B7 (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Er,Cr:YSGG laser pretreatment was not found to influence the resistance to microleakage of bonded fissure sealant application in primary teeth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey. seviburcak@yahoo.com
authors.forename: S Burcak
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Cehreli
authors.forename: H Cem
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Gungor
authors.forename: Erdem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karabulut
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D004396:Coloring Agents; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007834:Lasers; D008298:Maleates / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants / Q000737:chemistry*; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D013997:Time Factors; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D004396:Coloring Agents; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C503681:FL-BOND S-1; C407603:Fissurit F; D008298:Maleates; D008689:Methacrylates; C446260:One-Up-Bond F; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C425843:Prime and Bond NT; C408584:Prompt L-Pop; D019279:Resin Cements; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C487957:Xeno III; C444699:non-rinse conditioner; D014867:Water; C025485:basic fuchsin; C030242:phosphoric acid