title: Tau binding to microtubules does not directly affect microtubule-based vesicle motility.
abstract: Tau protein is a major microtubule (MT)-associated brain protein enriched in axons. Multiple functional roles are proposed for tau protein, including MT stabilization, generation of cell processes, and targeting of phosphotransferases to MTs. Recently, experiments involving exogenous tau expression in cultured cells suggested a role for tau as a regulator of kinesin-1-based motility. Tau was proposed to inhibit attachment of kinesin-1 to MTs by competing for the kinesin-1 binding site. In this work, we evaluated effects of tau on fast axonal transport (FAT) by using vesicle motility assays in isolated squid axoplasm. Effects of recombinant tau constructs on both kinesin-1 and cytoplasmic dynein-dependent FAT rates were evaluated by video microscopy. Exogenous tau binding to endogenous squid MTs was evidenced by a dramatic change in individual MT morphologies. However, perfusion of tau at concentrations approximately 20-fold higher than physiological levels showed no effect on FAT. In contrast, perfusion of a cytoplasmic dynein-derived peptide that competes with kinesin-1 and cytoplasmic dynein binding to MTs in vitro rapidly inhibited FAT in both directions. Taken together, our results indicate that binding of tau to MTs does not directly affect kinesin-1- or cytoplasmic dynein-based motilities. In contrast, our results provide further evidence indicating that the functional binding sites for kinesin-1 and cytoplasmic dynein on MTs overlap.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morfini
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pigino
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kikkawa
authors.forename: Scott T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Brady
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001370:Axonal Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D001369:Axons / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D049832:Decapodiformes; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009068:Movement; D009154:Mutation / Q000502:physiology; D009899:Optic Lobe, Nonmammalian / Q000166:cytology; D013997:Time Factors; D022161:Transport Vesicles / Q000502:physiology*; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D016875:tau Proteins