title: Green tea catechins potentiate triclosan binding to enoyl-ACP reductase from Plasmodium falciparum (PfENR).
abstract: We have investigated the mechanism of inhibition of enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase of Plasmodium falciparum (PfENR) by triclosan in the presence of a few important catechins and related plant polyphenols. The examined flavonoids inhibited PfENR reversibly with Ki values in the nanomolar range, EGCG being the best with 79 +/- 2.67 nM. The steady-state kinetics revealed time dependent inhibition of PfENR by triclosan, demonstrating that triclosan exhibited slow tight-binding kinetics with PfENR in the presence of these compounds. Additionally, all of them potentiated the binding of triclosan with PfENR by a two-step mechanism resulting in an overall inhibition constant of triclosan in the low picomolar concentration range. The high affinities of tea catechins and the potentiation of binding of triclosan in their presence are readily explained by molecular modeling studies. The enhancement in the potency of triclosan induced by these compounds holds great promise for the development of effective antimalarial therapy.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India.
authors.forename: Shailendra Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Prasanna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parasuraman
authors.forename: Gyanendra
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Namita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Surolia
authors.forename: Avadhesha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Surolia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry*; D047188:Chalcones / Q000737:chemistry; D050753:Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Reductase (NADH) / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000201:enzymology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011794:Quercetin / Q000737:chemistry; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry*; D014260:Triclosan / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D047188:Chalcones; D013662:Tea; D014260:Triclosan; C040918:butein; D002392:Catechin; C062669:epicatechin gallate; D011794:Quercetin; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate; D050753:Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Reductase (NADH); C057580:gallocatechol