title: Ethnicity, insulin resistance, and inflammatory adipokines in women at high and low risk for vascular disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to compare the relationship between body composition, insulin resistance, and inflammatory adipokines in Aboriginal Canadian women, who are at high risk of vascular disease, with white women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A subgroup of the First Nations Bone Health Study population, consisting of 131 Aboriginal women and 132 matched white women, was utilized. Body composition was determined by whole-body dual X-ray absorptiometry, and blood analytes were measured after an overnight fast.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After excluding individuals with diabetes, A1C, BMI, percent trunk fat, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were greater in First Nation women compared with white women, whereas adiponectin, retinol binding protein (RBP)4, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) were lower. First Nation women had more trunk fat for any given level of total fat than white women. There were no differences in resistin, leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, or C-reactive protein (CRP) levels between First Nation and white women. Insulin resistance correlated with leptin and inversely with adiponectin levels in both First Nation and white women. There were weak correlations between insulin resistance and TNF-alpha, interleukin-6, and CRP, but these were not significant after correction for body fat. No correlation was found between RBP4 and insulin resistance. ANCOVA revealed a higher HOMA-IR adjusted for total body fat in First Nation women than in white women (P = 0.015) but not HOMA-IR adjusted for trunk fat (P > 0.2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  First Nation women are more insulin resistant than white women, and this is explained by trunk fat but not total fat. Despite the increased insulin resistance, inflammatory adipokines are not significantly increased in First Nation women compared with white women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, R3E 3P4 Canada.
authors.forename: Josef V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Silha
authors.forename: B L Grégoire
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Nyomba
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Leslie
authors.forename: Liam J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008350:Manitoba; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin