title: Adenotonsillectomy and obstructive sleep apnea in children: a prospective survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prospective survey of children up to 14 years of age with OSA submitted to adenotonsillectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical evaluation, with questionnaires and clinical scales evaluating facial structures including tonsils and Mallampati scales and otolaryngologic evaluation; nocturnal polysomnography and repeat evaluation three to five months postsurgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 207 successively seen children, 199 had follow-up polysomnography, and 94 had still abnormal sleep recording. Multivariate analysis indicates that Mallampati scale score 3 and 4, retro-position of mandible, enlargement of nasal inferior turbinates at +3 (subjective scale 1 to 3), and deviated septum were significantly associated with persistence of abnormal polysomnography (with high 95% CI for Mallampati scale and deviated septum).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mallampati scale scores are resultant of several facial factors involving maxilla, mandible, and oral versus oral breathing but add information on risk of partial response to adenotonsillectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adenotonsillectomy may not resolve obstructive sleep apnea in children.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University Sleep Medicine Program, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. cguil@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guilleminault
authors.forename: Yu-shu
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Glamann
authors.forename: Kasey
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000234:Adenoids / Q000601:surgery*; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014068:Tonsillectomy