title: Cocaine versus tetracaine in septoplasty: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Successful local anaesthesia is of critical importance for the success of septoplasty, and many surgeons prefer to use cocaine for this purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cocaine 4 per cent solution, compared with tetracaine 2 per cent plus adrenaline, as a local anaesthetic for patients undergoing septoplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  From December 2002 to February 2005, a prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted. One hundred and eight patients underwent septoplasty under local anaesthesia. Patients were randomly classified into group A and group B, in which was used respectively cocaine 4 per cent solution and tetracaine 2 per cent solution plus adrenaline. A visual analogue scale was used to evaluate the severity of patients' pain during their procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group B (tetracaine; mean rank=43.77) reported significantly less pain (p<0.001) compared with group A (cocaine; mean rank=65.23).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of these findings, we recommend tetracaine as the first choice anaesthetic for nasal septoplasty; the use of cocaine should be limited.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: E I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Drivas
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Hajiioannou
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Lachanas
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bizaki
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Kyrmizakis
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Bizakis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D003042:Cocaine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013748:Tetracaine
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D013748:Tetracaine; D003042:Cocaine