The effect glucocorticoids on aggressiveness in established colonies of rats.
It was repeatedly shown that glucocorticoids increase aggressiveness when subjects are socially challenged. However, the interaction between challenge exposure and glucocorticoid effects was not investigated yet. We studied this interaction by assessing the effects of glucocorticoids in established colonies of rats, i.e. in rats that were not exposed to an acute social challenge. Aggressiveness was high immediately after colony formation but decreased sharply within 4 days and remained stable thereafter. Mild dominance relations were observed in 11 colonies (65%). Approximately three weeks after colony formation, rats remained undisturbed or were injected with vehicle or corticosterone. Routine colony life was followed for 1h after treatments. Injections per se induced a mild and transient behavioral activation: resting was reduced, whereas exploration, social and agonistic interactions were increased. The change lasted about 15min. Corticosterone--although plasma corticosterone levels were increased--had no specific effect, as the behavior of vehicle- and corticosterone-treated rats was similar. Social rank had a minor impact on the results. In contrast, the pro-aggressive effects of corticosterone were robust under conditions of social challenge and were maintained after repeated exposure to aggressive encounters. It occurs that an acute increase in glucocorticoids promotes social challenge-induced aggressiveness, but does not increase aggressiveness under routine conditions. We hypothesize that the pro-aggressive effects of glucocorticoids develop in conjunction with challenge-induced neuronal (e.g. monoaminergic) activation.
Mikics
Eva
E
Department of Behavioral Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 67, Budapest 1450, Hungary.
Barsy
Boglárka
B
Haller
József
J
D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects*; D000378:Agonistic Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D004291:Dominance-Subordination; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012930:Social Dominance; D012931:Social Environment
D005938:Glucocorticoids; D003345:Corticosterone