title: Stimulation of Vgamma9/Vdelta2 T-lymphocyte proliferation by the isoprenoid precursor, (E)-1-hydroxy-2-methyl-but-2-enyl 4-diphosphate.
abstract: (E)-1-Hydroxy-2-methyl-but-2-enyl 4-diphosphate, a recently discovered intermediate in the deoxyxylulose phosphate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis, has been shown to act as a potent immunomodulator. In cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from eight non-related donors, the compound stimulated the proliferation of Vgamma9/Vdelta2 T lymphocytes with a median EC(50) of 70 pM when 10 U/ml of IL-2 was used as costimulant. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) and some structural analogs of (E)-1-hydroxy-2-methyl-but-2-enyl 4-diphosphate also stimulated Vgamma9/Vdelta2 T-cell proliferation, albeit at much higher concentrations. The Vgamma9/Vdelta2 T-cell proliferation is highly dependent on the seeding density used in culture. All phosphoantigens tested elicited the proliferation of two T-lymphocyte populations with different apparent ratios between the expression level of Vdelta2 and Vgamma9 chains.
authors.affiliation: Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany. sabine.amslinger@chemie.uni-regensburg.de <sabine.amslinger@chemie.uni-regensburg.de>
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amslinger
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hecht
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rohdich
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Eisenreich
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: Adelbert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bacher
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bauer
mesh_terms: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D045782:Hemiterpenes / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000276:immunology; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D045782:Hemiterpenes; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D013729:Terpenes; C004809:isopentenyl pyrophosphate; C043060:3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate