title: Differences in locomotor behavior revealed in mice deficient for the calcium-binding proteins parvalbumin, calbindin D-28k or both.
abstract: We investigated the role of the two calcium-binding proteins parvalbumin (PV) and calbindin D-28k (CB) in the locomotor activity and motor coordination using null-mutant mice for PV (PV-/-), CB (CB-/-) or both proteins (PV-/-CB-/-). These proteins are expressed in distinct, mainly non-overlapping populations of neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system and PV additionally in fast-twitch muscles. In a test measuring repeated locomotor activity during 18-20 days, the analysis revealed a slightly increased activity in mice lacking either protein, while the lack of both decreased the number of beams crossed during active periods. An increase in the characteristic speed during the first 8 days could be attributed to PV-deficiency, while the elimination of CB in CB-/- and double-KO mice decreased the percentage of fast movements at all time points. In the latter, additionally a reduction of the fastest speed was observed. The alterations in locomotor activity (fast movements, fastest speed) strongly correlate with the impairment in locomotor coordination in mice deficient for CB evidenced in the runway assay and the rotarod assay. The graded locomotor phenotype (CB>PV) is qualitatively correlated with alterations in Purkinje cell firing reported previously in these mice. The presence or absence of either protein did not affect the spontaneous locomotor activity when animals were placed in a novel environment and tested only once for 30 min. In summary, the lack of these calcium-binding proteins yields characteristic, yet distinct phenotypes with respect to locomotor activity and coordination.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Farré-Castany
authors.forename: Beat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schwaller
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gregory
authors.forename: Jaroslaw
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barski
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mariethoz
authors.forename: Jan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: Igor V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Tetko
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wolfer
authors.forename: Marco R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Celio
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schmutz
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.forename: Alessandro E P
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Villa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064026:Calbindins; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010320:Parvalbumins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045442:Rotarod Performance Test; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; D013037:Spatial Behavior / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D064026:Calbindins; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010320:Parvalbumins; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G