title: Simultaneous determination and validation of antimicrobials in plasma and tissue of actinomycetoma by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array and fluorescence detection.
abstract: A simple, precise, and reliable chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination in plasma and infected tissue of five antimicrobials proposed for the treatment of actinomycotic mycetoma: amoxicillin, trimethoprim, linezolid, sulfamethoxazole and garenoxacin. Separation of the analytes was achieved on an Atlantis dC18 column (150 mm x 4.6 mm, ID 5 microm) with a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and trifluoroacetic acid (ATF) 0.1% (v/v) using a gradient program. The detection was carried out using a diode array detector at 254 nm and in a fluorescence detector at wavelengths of excitation and emission of 292 nm and 392 nm for linezolid and sulfamethoxazole, and 292 nm and 408 nm for garenoxacin, respectively. The intraday precision was in the range of 0.7-15% of relative standard deviations (%R.S.D.) for plasma and 1-18% for tissue. Linearity range was from 2.4 to 20 microg/ml for amoxicillin, 0.3 to 20 microg/ml for trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole and linezolid, and 0.3 to 10 microg/ml for garenoxacin. Acetonitrile was used to precipitate proteins from plasma. Recoveries in plasma ranged from 71% to 118% and in infected tissue from 78% to 122%. Limits of detection (LODs) were 1.2 and 0.5 microg/ml for amoxicillin in plasma and tissue, respectively and 0.15 and 1.2 microg/ml in plasma and tissue, respectively for the other antimicrobials. The method can be applied for individual or simultaneous determination of the antimicrobials in plasma and tissue of mouse infected with actinomycetoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Facultad de Medicina, UANL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Norma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cavazos-Rocha
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vera-Cabrera
authors.forename: Oliverio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Welsh-Lozano
authors.forename: Noemí
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Waksman-de-Torres
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de la Luz Salazar-Cavazos
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000737:chemistry; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood*; D002021:Buffers; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004355:Drug Stability; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D005615:Freezing; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D000069349:Linezolid; D051379:Mice; D008271:Mycetoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D023303:Oxazolidinones / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D000097:Acetonitriles; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002021:Buffers; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D023303:Oxazolidinones; D014867:Water; D000658:Amoxicillin; D014295:Trimethoprim; D000069349:Linezolid; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole; C419689:garenoxacin; C032159:acetonitrile