title: Controlled production of camembert-type cheeses: part III role of the ripening microflora on free fatty acid concentrations.
abstract: Phenomena generating FFAs, important flavour precursors, are significant in cheese ripening. In Camembert-like cheeses, it was intended to establish the relationships between the dynamics of FFA concentrations changes and the succession of ripening microflora during ripening. Experimental Camembert-type cheeses were prepared in duplicate from pasteurised milk inoculated with Kluyveromyces lactis, Geotrichum candidum, Penicillium camemberti, and Brevibacterium aurantiacum under aseptic conditions. For each cheese and each cheesy medium, concentrations of FFAs with odd-numbered carbons, except for 9:0 and 13:0, did not change over time. For long-chain FFAs, concentrations varied with the given cheese part (rind or core). K. lactis produced only short or medium-chain FFAs during its growth and had a minor influence on caproic, caprylic, capric, and lauric acids in comparison with G. candidum, the most lipolytic of the strains used here. It generated all short or medium-chain FFAs (4:0-12:0) during its exponential and slowdown growth periods and only long-chain ones (14:0-18:0) during its stationary phase. Pen. camemberti produced more long-chain FFAs (14:0-18:0) during its sporulation. Brev. aurantiacum did not generate any FFAs. The evidence of links between specific FFAs and the growth of a given microorganism is shown.
authors.affiliation: Unité Mixte de Recherche Génie et de Microbiologie des Procédés Alimentaires (UMR G.M.P.A.), F-78 850 Thiverval-Grignon, France. perlat@grignon.inra.fr
authors.forename: Marie-Noëlle
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Leclercq-Perlat
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Corrieu
authors.forename: Henry-Eric
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Spinnler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001951:Brevibacterium / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002175:Candida / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002611:Cheese / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000032:analysis*; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D005848:Geotrichum / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007716:Kluyveromyces / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010407:Penicillium / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified