title: ADA*2 allele of the adenosine deaminase gene may protect against coronary artery disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The common G22A polymorphism in the adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene leads to substitution Asp8Asn. The lower activity of the enzyme encoded by A22 (ADA*2) allele may increase tissue concentrations of adenosine, a potent cardioprotective agent. In a case-control study, we investigated the association between ADA polymorphism and coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A hundred and seventy-one CAD patients from the north-western part of Poland and 200 consecutive newborns from the same population were genotyped by PCR-RFLP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-five ADA*1/*2 heterozygotes (12.5%) and 2 ADA*2/*2 homozygotes (1%) were found in the control group, while only 10 *1/*2 heterozygotes (5.9%) and no *2/*2 homozygotes were found in the CAD group. Frequencies of ADA*2 carriers (5.9% vs. 13.5%, p = 0.015) and ADA*2 allele (2.9% vs. 7.3%, p = 0.0083) were lower in CAD patients than in controls. Among CAD patients, a significantly lower proportion of *2 allele carriers was treated with diuretics and ACE inhibitors when compared to *1/*1 wild-type homozygotes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ADA*2 allele may decrease genetic susceptibility to CAD. ADA should be added to the list of candidate genes modifying the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. chrissaf@mp.pl
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Safranow
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rzeuski
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Binczak-Kuleta
authors.forename: Edyta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Czyzycka
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Skowronek
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jakubowska
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wojtarowicz
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Loniewska
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciechanowicz
authors.forename: Zdzislawa
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kornacewicz-Jach
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chlubek
mesh_terms: D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D000243:Adenosine Deaminase