title: Influence of melatonin pretreatment and preconditioning by hypobaric hypoxia on the development of cortical photothrombotic ischemic lesion.
abstract: Photothrombotic model of ischemia (PT) is based on free radical-mediated endothelial dysfunction followed by thrombosis. Free radicals are also involved in hypoxic preconditioning. We tested the sensitivity of PT to preconditioning with hypobaric hypoxia and to pretreatment with melatonin. In adult Wistar rats, after intravenous application of Rose Bengal, a stereo-tactically defined spot on the denuded skull was irradiated by a laser for 9 min. The first experimental group underwent hypobaric hypoxia three days before irradiation. In the second experimental group, melatonin was applied intraperitoneally one hour before irradiation. Three days after irradiation, animals were sacrificed, the brains perfused, and stained with TTC. Ischemic lesions were divided into grades (I, II, III). In the control group (where no manipulation preceded photothrombosis), most animals displayed deep damage involving the striatum (grade III). The group pre-exposed to hypoxia showed similar results. Only 28.57 % of the melatonin pretreated animals exhibited grade III lesions, and in 57.14 % no signs of lesions were detected. Pre-exposure to hypoxia was not protective in our model. Pretreatment with melatonin lead to a significant reduction of the number of large ischemic lesions. This result is probably caused by protection of endothelial cells by melatonin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Normal, Pathological and Clinical Physiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matějovská
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bernášková
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Krýsl
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mares
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D001274:Atmospheric Pressure; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism*; D020767:Intracranial Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning / Q000379:methods*; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012395:Rose Bengal / Q000528:radiation effects; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005609:Free Radicals; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D012395:Rose Bengal; D008550:Melatonin