title: Open study on efficacy and tolerability of ciprofloxacin XR compared with ciprofloxacin BID in the treatment of typhoid fever.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy and tolerability of ciproflaxin extended-release and ciproflaxin intermediate release in the treatment of typhoid fever.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, open labelled, clinical trial, comparing the safety and efficacy of extended-release ciprofloxacin 1000 mg once daily (Ciprofloxacin XR) and ciprofloxacin intermediate release 500 mg two times daily (Ciprofloxacin bid) was performed in adult with typhoid fever. Diagnosis for typhoid fever was based on Widal serology test, blood culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for Salmonella typhi. A two-sided student t-test and chi-square or Fisher's exact test were used for the analysis of clinical responses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Good clinical responses were obtained in 32 subjects (14 with Intermediate release ciprofloxacin and 18 with Extended-release ciprofloxacin) and there were no failure case (0%). Day to reach defervescence in Ciprofloxacin BID (mean 3.28 days) was similar to Ciprofloxacin XR group (mean 3.72 days) with p=0.43. Mild side effects were noted in 7.1% of subjects who received Ciprofloxacin BID compared by 22.2% in subjects who received Ciprofloxacin XR, with p=0.29. There were no moderate or severe side effects on both drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical outcomes were similar for the two treatments and both treatments were well tolerated. Once daily ciprofloxacin XR was safe, effective, and non-inferior to twice-daily ciprofloxacin IR in the treatment of typhoid fever.
authors.affiliation: Division of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia-dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta.
authors.lastname: Suhendro
authors.forename: Khie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Herdiman T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Pohan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000187:drug effects; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D002939:Ciprofloxacin