title: Long-term effects of consumption of a novel fat emulsion in relation to body-weight management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess weight maintenance after weight loss by consumption of yoghurt with a novel fat emulsion (Olibra) including effects on body composition, resting energy expenditure (REE), fat oxidation, hunger feelings and satiety hormones.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel design. A 6-week weight loss period (2.1 MJ/day) was followed by 18 weeks weight maintenance with test (Olibra) or placebo yoghurt.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty overweight women (age: 18-58 years, body mass index (BMI) 25-32 kg/m2).
  
  
  METHODS
  In weeks 1, 7 and 25, a satiety test with questionnaires and blood samples for analysis of satiety hormones. In weeks 2, 8 and 26, REE, body weight and body composition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During weight maintenance after significant body weight reduction, there was no significant increase in body weight in the test group (1.1+/-3.4 kg); the placebo group did gain weight (3.0+/-3.1 kg, P<0.001). Compared to the placebo group, the test group was less hungry 4 h after yoghurt consumption in week 25 (P<0.05) and showed increased glucagon like peptide-1 values 180 min after yoghurt consumption (week 25 vs week 1, P<0.05). Measured REE as a function of fat-free mass (FFM) was significantly higher than predicted REE (P<0.05) in week 26 for the test group, but not for the placebo group. Fat mass (FM) was significantly more decreased in the test group (6.5+/-4.1 kg) compared to the placebo group (4.1+/-3.6 kg) (week 26 vs week 2, P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consumption of Olibra yoghurt improved weight maintenance compared to placebo, which can be explained by the relatively higher REE as a function of FFM, relatively higher decrease in FM and the relatively lower increase in hunger.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Diepvens
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soenen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Steijns
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Westerterp-Plantenga
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001067:Appetite Depressants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D031204:Caloric Restriction / Q000379:methods; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000097:blood; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004655:Emulsions; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005223:Fats; D005260:Female; D054439:Ghrelin; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy; D050177:Overweight / Q000502:physiology*; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000097:blood; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000502:physiology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology; D015014:Yogurt
chemical_list: D001067:Appetite Depressants; D004655:Emulsions; D005223:Fats; D054439:Ghrelin; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D002766:Cholecystokinin