title: Intraocular triamcinolone acetonide for pseudophakic cystoid macular edema: optical coherence tomography and multifocal electroretinography study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (CME) by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and multifocal electroretinography (mf-ERG) and determine the efficacy of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injections.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this nonrandomized retrospective study, 14 eyes of 14 patients with persistent pseudophakic CME were treated with triamcinolone acetonide injection and were followed up for 1 year. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination including determination of best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, tonometry, and funduscopy. Results of OCT and mf-ERG were also recorded before and after the injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Visual acuity and mf-ERG values increased in all patients after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injections. OCT showed improvement of the retinal thickness in the macular area. Temporary increase of intraocular pressure was controlled with topical use of antiglaucoma drops.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection is a promising therapeutic tool for chronic pseudophakic edema resistant to other medical treatment. However, further study is needed to assess the treatment's long-term efficacy, its safety, and the need for retreatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Chryssanthi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koutsandrea
authors.forename: Marilita M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Moschos
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brouzas
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Loukianou
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Apostolopoulos
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moschos
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004596:Electroretinography; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D019591:Pseudophakia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide