title: Quetiapine augmentation of treatment-resistant depression: a comparison with lithium.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The prevalence of and morbidity associated with treatment-resistant depression has motivated the exploration of treatment alternatives. In this study, quetiapine was compared with lithium in the augmentation of treatment-resistant depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Open-label, comparative study in 20 patients with major depression who had failed to respond after 4 weeks of treatment with an antidepressant at the maximal recommended dose. Patients were randomised to either lithium or quetiapine in addition to the maximally dosed antidepressant and any other concurrent medications. Lithium was initiated at 600 mg/day; quetiapine was titrated to 400 mg by day 7.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Depression, measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), significantly improved from baseline in both quetiapine (F(1,90) = 25.11, p < 0.0001) and lithium (F(1,90) = 34.54, p < 0.0001). The difference in improvement between the two groups began at day 14 and was seen at all timepoints thereafter (p < 0.05), with the quetiapine group showing greater improvement than the lithium group. In the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) analysis, the difference between the quetiapine and lithium group was significant from day 28 onwards (p < 0.05), with subjects improving more in the quetiapine group than the lithium group. The treatment by week interaction showed a significant difference overall between the two groups (p < 0.0001). The severity of psychomotor retardation showed a significant decrease in the Widlocher Psychomotor Retardation Scale scores in the quetiapine (p < 0.0001) and lithium (p < 0.0001) groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this pilot study, quetiapine was an effective augmenting agent in treatment-resistant depression.
authors.affiliation: Centre Hospitalier Pierre Legardeur, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dorée
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Des Rosiers
authors.forename: Viviane
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lew
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gendron
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Elie
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stip
authors.forename: S Valérie
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Tourjman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005221:Fatigue / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018020:Lithium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014202:Tremor / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines; D018020:Lithium Compounds; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate