title: Acute, nonfatal intoxication with trichloroethylene.
abstract: Nonfatal acute inhalation of trichloroethylene (TRI) at work was described. The subject, male, 54 years old, was drawn unconscious by a metal-degreasing machine and immediately sheltered in intensive care unit. Other than basic life support and common laboratory indices, blood and urine were collected to measure dose and kidney effect parameters such as TRI in blood and urine, trichloroethanol (TCE) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) in urine, and total urinary proteins (TUP), urinary glutamine synthetase (GS) and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG). Two hours after accident, TRI in blood was 9 mg/l, but after 38 h it was below 1 mg/l. TCE and TCA have a peak 11 and 62 h after poisoning, respectively. Acute renal involvement was revealed by a peak of urinary proteins and enzymes 7 h after exposure with a second peak 74 h after. Seven day after hospitalisation the patient was dismissed with complete recovery. This nonfatal intoxication with TRI shows that the exposure was approximately 150 ppm, three times the ACGIH TLV (50 ppm) and that kidney was the only organ affected. Urinary enzymes, in particular GS, are good indices to monitor transient effects of TRI on the kidney.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Mariella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrieri
authors.forename: Doriano
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Magosso
authors.forename: Pierpaolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piccoli
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zanetti
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trevisan
authors.forename: Giovanni Battista
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Bartolucci
mesh_terms: D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase / Q000652:urine; D000208:Acute Disease; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D005023:Ethylene Chlorohydrin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000652:urine; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000652:urine; D012997:Solvents / Q000506:poisoning*; D014238:Trichloroacetic Acid / Q000652:urine; D014241:Trichloroethylene / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000506:poisoning* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D012997:Solvents; D014241:Trichloroethylene; D014238:Trichloroacetic Acid; D005023:Ethylene Chlorohydrin; C005849:2,2,2-trichloroethanol; D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase