title: Prevention of bacterial translocation using beta-(1-3)-D-glucan in small bowel ischemia and reperfusion in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the role of beta-(1-3)-D-glucan on 99mTc labelled Escherichia coli translocation and cytokines secretion in rats submitted to small bowel ischemia/reperfusion injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five groups (n=10 each) of Wistar rats were subjected to control(C), sham(S), group IR subjected to 45 min of bowel ischemia/60 min of reperfusion(I/R), and group I/R+glucan subjected to 45 min of bowel ischemia/60 min of reperfusion(I/R) and injected with 2 mg/Kg intramuscular. Translocation of labelled bacteria to mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, lung and serum was determined using radioactivity/count and colony forming units/g(CFU/g). Serum TNFalpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10 were measured by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CFU/g and radioactivity/count were higher in I/R than in I/R+glucan rats. In C, S and S+glucan groups, bacteria and radioactivity/count were rarely detected. The I/R+glucan rats had enhancement of IL-10 and suppressed production of serum TNFalpha, IL-1beta and, IL-6, compared to I/R untreated animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The beta-(1-3)-D-glucan modulated the production of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines during bowel ischemia/reperfusion, and attenuated translocation of labelled bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, UFRN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Irami
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Araújo-Filho
authors.forename: Amália Cínthia Meneses
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Rêgo
authors.forename: Laíza Araújo Mohana
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Pinheiro
authors.forename: Italo Medeiros
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.forename: Vítor Brasil
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brandão-Neto
authors.forename: Aldo Cunha
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Medeiros
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018988:Bacterial Translocation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D011509:Proteoglycans; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D011509:Proteoglycans; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D047071:beta-Glucans; C010770:polysaccharide-K