title: Prognostic factors for portal venous invasion in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Factors involved in portal venous invasion (PVI) must be clarified to enable better determination of therapeutic strategies and outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 365 patients with HCC who consulted our department between January 1999 and January 2003, 53 with PVI at the initial consultation were excluded, and the other 312 without PVI were included in this study. Of these patients, we compared liver function, tumor markers, and initial treatment between 287 patients without PVI during follow-up (until December 2004) and 25 patients who developed PVI, and investigated prognostic factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate analysis using a COX regression model showed that a Lens culinaris A-reactive fraction of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP-L3) rate of 15% or more, a des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) level of 100 mAU/ml or more, multiple tumors, and a platelet count of 130 000/mm(3) or more were correlated with PVI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HCC frequently infiltrated the portal vein in patients with a high rate of AFP-L3, a high level of DCP, or multiple tumors. Furthermore, the incidence of PVI was significantly higher in patients with a platelet count of 130 000/mm(3) or more.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagashima
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: Hobyung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Toyokazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukunaga
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakatani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D027806:Lens Plant; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010976:Platelet Count; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins