title: Cost analysis of transanal endoscopic microsurgery for rectal tumours.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is considered to be a safe and effective treatment for selected rectal neoplasms. We demonstrate that in addition to the recognized clinical benefits of the less invasive TEM approach, there are substantial economic benefits.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed our prospective database of patients undergoing TEM excision of a rectal lesion between July 1997 and December 2003. A cost analysis was undertaken, including procedural and related costs of TEM and compared with the relevant open procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  124 patients (80 men, 44 women) with a median age of 71.5 years underwent TEM excision of rectal lesions (52 cancers and 72 adenomas). The morbidity rate was 8% and mortality was zero. A controlled case series of 52 patients undergoing open resection for early rectal cancers with similar characteristics as above was compared in terms of clinical outcome. The morbidity rate in these patients was 29.5%. The cost analysis comparison was undertaken using National Health Service mean reference costs for major large intestinal surgery, Intensive care unit/high dependency unit and hospital accommodation for each procedure. The average cost of open resection was 4135 pound, vs 567 pound for TEM excision. Our total saving over the series was 525,576 pound. Although the initial capital cost of the TEM equipment is high at approximately 40,000 pound given the massive cost savings, these initial equipment costs are recovered within a rapid time frame.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has shown that TEM is a safe and extremely cost-effective approach for excision of selected rectal tumours including rectal adenomas and early well differentiated rectal cancers (pTis & pT1).
authors.affiliation: Academic Surgical Unit, University of Hull and Castle Hill Hospital, Hull, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maslekar
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Pillinger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: J R T
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Monson
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001003:Anal Canal; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D011351:Proctoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics*; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome