title: Evaluation of a torque-driven model of jumping for height.
abstract: This study used an optimization procedure to evaluate an 8-segment torque-driven subject-specific computer simulation model of the takeoff phase in running jumps for height. Kinetic and kinematic data were obtained on a running jump performed by an elite male high jumper. Torque generator activation timings were varied to minimize the difference between simulation and performance in terms of kinematic and kinetic variables subject to constraints on the joint angles at takeoff to ensure that joints remained within their anatomical ranges of motion. A percentage difference of 6.6% between simulation and recorded performance was obtained. Maximizing the height reached by the mass center during the flight phase by varying torque generator activation timings resulted in a credible height increase of 90 mm compared with the matching simulation. These two results imply that the model is sufficiently complex and has appropriate strength parameters to give realistic simulations of running jumps for height.
authors.affiliation: School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Cassie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Maurice R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Yeadon
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007596:Joints / Q000502:physiology*; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D019415:Torque