title: Comparison of the safety and immunogenicity of concomitant and sequential administration of an adult formulation tetanus and diphtheria toxoids adsorbed combined with acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine and trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in adults.
abstract: The annual contact for influenza vaccination provides an opportunity to ensure that adults have received other recommended vaccines such as Tdap. Healthy 19-64 year-olds were randomized to receive concomitant administration of Tdap and influenza vaccines or influenza vaccine followed (in 4-6 weeks by) Tdap. 720 participants were enrolled. No clinically relevant between-group differences were observed in the rates or severities of erythema, swelling, or pain at the Tdap injection site. Injection-site pain was the most commonly reported adverse event (66.6% concomitant administration group versus 60.8% sequential administration group); most pain was graded as mild and resolved by day 3. Seroprotection and seroresponse rates for all influenza strains were comparable between the two groups. For diphtheria and tetanus, seroprotection rates and post-vaccination GMTs were non-inferior in the concomitant administration group compared to the sequential administration group. A trend for lower antibody responses to pertussis antigens PT, FHA, and FIM was observed after concomitant administration and, for PRN, this difference failed the non-inferiority criteria. While there is a small diminution in antibody response to tetanus and pertussis antigens, concomitant administration of Tdap and influenza vaccine was well tolerated and immunogenic and may offer practical advantages including convenience, compliance, and cost-savings.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Trials Research Center, IWK Health Centre and QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, 5850/5980 University Avenue, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada. shelly.mcneil@cdha.nshealth.ca
authors.forename: Shelly A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: McNeil
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Noya
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dionne
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Predy
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meekison
authors.forename: Cecil
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ojah
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferro
authors.forename: Elaine L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: Joanne M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Langley
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Halperin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D022681:Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D017778:Vaccines, Combined / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid; D022681:Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid; D017778:Vaccines, Combined; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated