Primary hyperparathyroidism, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease: a review.
The presentation of primary hyperthyroidism (PHPT) has changed substantially in the last decade. Before the introduction of routine calcium measurement in most automated biochemistry serum analyzers, it usually was diagnosed after renal and bony lesions already were present. Nowadays, its presentation is practically asymptomatic. Nevertheless, the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of mild to moderate forms of PHPT reportedly are increasing. Individuals who have mild to moderate forms of PHPT have an increased risk for enduring cardiovascular disease, arterial hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial and valvular calcifications, altered vascular reactivity, and cardiac conduction. Finally, they also reveal alterations in carbohydrate metabolism, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and body composition.
Ybarra
Juan
J
Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital de Sant Pau, Mas Casanovas 90, Barcelona 08041, Spain. juanybarra@hotmail.com
Doñate
Teresa
T
Jurado
Jeroni
J
Pou
Josep Maria
JM
D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000451:nursing*; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000150:complications*; D007333:Insulin Resistance