title: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: serial high-b-value diffusion-weighted MR imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient measurements to assess response to highly active antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: A patient with human immunodeficiency virus-related posterior fossa progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy had serial diffusion-weighted imaging using b-values of 1000 and 3000 before and during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). High-b-value images provided a superior definition of the leading edge of the lesion and additional information about the integrity of white matter tracts. Following HAART, there was a marked reduction of lesional apparent diffusion coefficient and reconstitution of anisotropy in the affected middle cerebellar peduncle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging, University College London Hospital, England.
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Usiskin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bainbridge
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Jäger
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000225:Adenine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D004058:Diffusion; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007968:Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D061466:Lopinavir; D008297:Male; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011744:Pyrimidinones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000068698:Tenofovir; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D063065:Organophosphonates; D011744:Pyrimidinones; D061466:Lopinavir; D015215:Zidovudine; D000068698:Tenofovir; D000225:Adenine; D019438:Ritonavir