title: Experimental and statistical validation of SPME-GC-MS analysis of phenol and chlorophenols in raw and treated water.
abstract: A procedure based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed and validated in order to analyse 10 phenols in water samples. The optimised conditions were obtained using polyacrylate fibre (PA), 20ml of sample volume, 10% NaCl, pH 4.0 and direct extraction at 35 degrees C and 1000rpm, for 40min. The linear range and quantification limits for these compounds by SPME-GC-MS were defined. An evaluation of the main uncertainty sources of this method is included, which allows expanded uncertainties in the 9.4-35% range for the majority of the compounds. The main source of uncertainty is associated with matrix effects. The validated method is suitable for monitoring the production and distribution of potable water and was used, in field trials, for the analysis of samples from main intakes of water (surface or underground) and from water supply system of a large area (Lisbon and neighbour municipalities).
authors.affiliation: Master in Food Toxicology and Quality Control, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa (FFUL), Av. das Forças Armadas, 1649-019 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Natércia Guerra
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Simões
authors.forename: Vitor Vale
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: Elisabete
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Maria João
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Benoliel
authors.forename: Cristina M M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Almeida
mesh_terms: D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D019800:Phenol / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D002733:Chlorophenols; D014867:Water; D019800:Phenol; D012965:Sodium Chloride