title: Characterization of side-population cells in human normal endometrium.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been proposed that the human endometrium may contain a population of adult stem cells that are responsible for its remarkable regenerative capability. Recently, a subset of stem cells or progenitor cells in adult tissue has been identified as side-population cells (SP cells) displaying low staining with Hoechst 33342 by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis. In this study, we isolated SP cells from the human endometrium and analysed their properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endometrial cells were obtained using enzymatic digestion from uterine hysterectomy for the treatment of uterine myoma and stained with Hoechst 33342 dye either alone or in combination with verapamil. The cells were then analysed using FACS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SP cells were present among normal human endometrial cells. Most SP cells were enriched in the CD9(-)CD13(-) fraction. These SP cells showed long-term repopulating properties and produced gland (CD9(+))- and stroma (CD13(+))-like cells. CD9(-)CD13(-) cells isolated from the endometrium also generated gland- or stroma-like cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SP cells in the human endometrium can function as progenitor cells. This is the first report of the phenotype of SP cells from normal human endometrial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Division of Molecular and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan. kkatoh@bioreg.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kiyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Momoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Sawako
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Asako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamayoshi
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arima
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asanoma
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kyo
authors.forename: Tatsutoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakahata
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wake
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018826:CD13 Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004717:Endometrium / Q000166:cytology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008875:Middle Aged; D060245:Tetraspanin 29
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; C554869:CD9 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D060245:Tetraspanin 29; D018826:CD13 Antigens