title: Epoetin delta, erythropoietin produced in a human cell line, in the management of anaemia in predialysis chronic kidney disease patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate safety and efficacy of epoetin delta for the management of anaemia in predialysis patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a multicentre, open-label, uncontrolled study with predialysis CKD patients who had previously received subcutaneous epoetin therapy. Patients were switched to epoetin delta from their previous therapy, at an identical dose. Dose was subsequently titrated to maintain haemoglobin at 10.0-12.0 g/dL. Study duration was 52 weeks.
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary endpoint was average haemoglobin levels over Weeks 12, 16, 20 and 24. Secondary analyses were performed on the proportion of patients with haemoglobin and haematocrit levels over preset target levels, haemoglobin and haematocrit levels through to study end and dosing levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Haemoglobin levels were maintained at 11.3 +/- 1.2 g/dL over Weeks 12-24. Over 80% of the haemoglobin measurements and 95% of the haematocrit measurements were above the predefined target level (haemoglobin > or = 10 g/dL; haematocrit > or = 30%). Weekly dose levels did not change significantly over the course of the trial. Epoetin delta was well tolerated, with adverse events occurring at frequencies expected for this patient population; no patient developed neutralizing anti-erythropoietin antibodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epoetin delta was an effective and well-tolerated agent for the management of anaemia in a subgroup of predialysis CKD patients.
authors.affiliation: S. W. Thames Renal and Transplantation Unit, Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, St Helier Hospital, Carshalton, Surrey, UK. jonathan.kwan@epsom-sthelier.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Jonathan T C
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kwan
authors.forename: Raymond D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Pratt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007501:Iron / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014168:Transferrin / Q000032:analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014168:Transferrin; D004921:Erythropoietin; C516023:epoetin delta; D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron