title: A program for individual and population optimal design for univariate and multivariate response pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models.
abstract: The design of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic experiments concerns a number of issues, among which are the number of observations and the times when they are taken. Often a model is used to describe these data and the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic behavior of a drug. Knowledge of the data analysis model at the design stage is beneficial for collecting patient data for parameter estimation. A number of criteria for model-oriented experiments, which maximize the information content of the data, are available. In this paper we present a program, Popdes, to investigate the D-optimal design of individual and population multivariate response models, such as pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic, physiologically based pharmacokinetic, and parent drug and metabolites models. A pre-clinical and clinical pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model describing the concentration-time profile and effect of an oncology compound in development is used for illustration.
authors.affiliation: Lilly Research Centre, Global PK/PD, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, United Kingdom. gueorguieva_ivelina@lilly.com
authors.forename: Ivelina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gueorguieva
authors.forename: Kayode
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogungbenro
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Glatt
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aarons
mesh_terms: D004341:Drug Evaluation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D006113:United Kingdom