title: Local high-dose radiotherapy and sparing of normal tissue using intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for mucosal melanoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical outcome of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients with mucosal melanoma (MM) of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1999 and September 2004, eight patients with histologically proven MM of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were treated with IMRT. A median dose of 66 Gy was applied to the macroscopic tumor (gross tumor volume [GTV]; range, 60-68 Gy) as an integrated boost and a median dose of 59 Gy (range, 54-64 Gy) to the clinical target volume (CTV) with IMRT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment-related toxicity was very mild in most patients. Overall survival was 80% at 5 years. Calculated from treatment with IMRT as primary radiotherapy, survival was 100% at 1 year and 75% at 3 years. After IMRT, local progression-free survival was 71.4% at 1 year and 57.1% at 3 years, respectively. Distant progression-free survival after IMRT was 57.1% at 1 year and 28.6% at 3 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local dose escalation with IMRT yields good treatment results with respect to local and distant tumor control as well as survival, while treatment-related toxicity can be minimized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. Stephanie.Combs@med.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: Stephanie E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Combs
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Konkel
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thilmann
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Debus
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schulz-Ertner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000528:radiation effects*; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome