External quality assessment of rapid prenatal detection of numerical chromosomal aberrations using molecular genetic techniques: 3 years experience.
OBJECTIVE
Prenatal diagnosis using rapid molecular genetic techniques is now a widely used method for detecting the most prevalent chromosomal aneuploidies. The object of this work was to develop a methodology for delivering external quality assessment (EQA) appropriate to the needs of routine diagnostic testing laboratories.


METHODS
We have provided three rounds of EQA using 15 different samples over 3 years. The scheme has developed to assess both the genotyping accuracy of the results and the appropriateness of the clinical reports issued to the referring clinician.


RESULTS
Participation in the EQA scheme has increased from 9 to 27 laboratories from across Europe over the three sample distributions. All laboratories have used quantitative fluorescence-PCR (QF-PCR) to analyse these samples except for a sole participant in 2006 who used multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). In total 265 samples have been distributed, of which four (1.5%) were not reported due to technical failures and one (0.4%) was reported incorrectly and must be regarded as a genotyping error.


CONCLUSIONS
We have demonstrated a significant and increasing demand for EQA in the rapid detection of aneuploidies in UK and other European laboratories. Using the methodologies described, we have had a very low rate of technical failures and demonstrated a high level of genotyping accuracy. However, the quality of the clinical reports was variable and suggestions are made for improvement.
Ramsden
S C
SC
National Genetics Reference Laboratory (Manchester), Department of Medical Genetics, Saint Mary's Hospital, Hathersage Road, Manchester M13 OJH, UK. simon.ramsden@cmmc.nhs.uk
Mann
K
K
McConnell
C
C
Hastings
R
R
D000782:Aneuploidy; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007753:Laboratories / Q000592:standards*; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / Q000592:standards*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000592:standards*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000592:standards*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care