title: The Knoop hardness of a composite resin polymerized with different curing lights and different modes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the surface hardness of a hybrid composite resin polymerized with different curing lights.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two 3.0 mm thick composite resin discs were polymerized in a prepared natural tooth mold using: (1) a conventional quartz-tungsten halogen light (QTH- Spectrum 800); (2) a high-intensity halogen light, Elipar Trilight (TL)-standard/exponential mode; (3) a high-intensity halogen light, Elipar Highlight (HL)-standard/soft-start mode; (4) a light-emitting diode, Elipar Freelight (LED); and (5) a plasma-arc curing light, Virtuoso (PAC). Exposure times were 40 seconds for the halogen and LED lights, and three and five seconds for the PAC light. Following polymerization, the Knoop hardness was measured at the bottom and the top surfaces of the discs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were found between top and bottom Knoop Hardness number (KHN) values for all lights. The hardness of the top and bottom surfaces of both specimens cured by the PAC light was significantly lower than the other lights. No significant hardness differences were observed between the remaining curing units at the top of the 2.0 mm specimens. Significant differences were found between the LED and two modes of HL on the bottom surfaces. For the 3.0 mm thick samples, while significant differences were noted between LED and TL standard mode and between the two TL curing modes on the top, significant differences were only observed between QTH and the standard modes of TL and HL at the bottom.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. ruyay@hacettepe.edu.tr
authors.forename: A Rüya
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Yazici
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kugel
authors.forename: Gülsün
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gül
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003748:Dental Equipment; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006219:Halogens; D006244:Hardness / Q000528:radiation effects; D008027:Light; D044367:Phase Transition; D011874:Radiometry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000528:radiation effects*; D012666:Semiconductors; D014978:Xenon
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D006219:Halogens; D019279:Resin Cements; C065770:Herculite XR; D014978:Xenon