title: The decubitus ulcer: many questions but few definitive answers.
abstract: Decubitus ulcers appear to be associated with insidious trauma. Differential diagnosis can be tricky, and etiology is controversial with sustained localized pressure which plays a significant role. Sustained pressure can stretch soft tissues and blood vessels, causing multiple microthrombi around the point of maximum compression. This leads to prolonged ischemia and produces a plaque of dead tissue surrounded by microthrombi. Prevention often includes regular movement or supports that move the patient. Good nutrition is important, but the adverse effects of fever should not be overlooked. Anti-thrombotic agents should be considered. Occlusive dressings can be used for existing ulcers, while traditional treatments are less appropriate. Pressure and other stresses theoretically should be relieved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. larryderm@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Lawrence Charles
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Parish
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lowthian
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Witkowski
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy