Daily intake of conjugated linoleic acid-enriched yoghurts: effects on energy metabolism and adipose tissue gene expression in healthy subjects.
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a group of positional and geometric isomers of conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid. The present study was designed to determine whether 14-week CLA supplementation as triacylglycerols (3.76 g) with a 50 : 50 combination of the two main isomers (35 % cis-9, trans-11 and 35 % trans-10, cis-12) added to flavoured yoghurt-like products was able to alter body composition in healthy subjects and to alter the expression of several key adipose tissue genes (PPAR gamma, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2)). Forty-four healthy subjects were randomly assigned to consume daily either a CLA-supplemented yoghurt-like product or a placebo yoghurt for 98 d. There were no significant effects of CLA supplementation on body weight, fat mass or free fat mass. Basal energy expenditure expressed as kg free fat mass increased significantly in the CLA group (123.3 (SEM 2.5) kJ/kg free fat mass per d on day 98 v. 118.7 (SEM 2.3) kJ/kg free fat mass per d on day 0, P = 0.03). PPAR gamma mRNA gene expression increased significantly with CLA supplementation (53 (SEM 20) %, P < 0.01) and a significant reduction in mRNA levels of HSL was observed ( - 42 (SEM 7) %, P = 0.01). The levels of UCP-2 and LPL mRNA were not affected. The present results suggest that a 98 d supplementation diet with a 50 : 50 mixture of the two CLA isomers cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 in a dairy product was unable to alter body composition, although a significant increase in the RMR has been induced. Moreover, changes in mRNA PPAR gamma and HSL in adipose tissue were recorded.
Nazare
Julie-Anne
JA
Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
de la Perrière
Aude Brac
AB
Bonnet
Fabrice
F
Desage
Michel
M
Peyrat
Jocelyne
J
Maitrepierre
Christine
C
Louche-Pelissier
Corinne
C
Bruzeau
Joëlle
J
Goudable
Joëlle
J
Lassel
Taous
T
Vidal
Hubert
H
Laville
Martine
M
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000235:genetics; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics; D002787:Sterol Esterase / Q000235:genetics; D014475:Uncoupling Agents; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2; D015014:Yogurt
D001786:Blood Glucose; D005227:Fatty Acids; D007328:Insulin; D007473:Ion Channels; D020738:Leptin; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D008055:Lipids; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D047495:PPAR gamma; C000604389:UCP2 protein, human; D014475:Uncoupling Agents; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2; D002787:Sterol Esterase; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase