title: Improvement of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after cidofovir therapy in a patient with a destructive polyarthritis.
abstract: The human neurotropic JC virus (JCV) is responsible for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), an infectious demyelinating brain disease with major morbidity and mortality, usually refractory to treatment. We describe a PML in a 67-year-old woman with a destructive polyarthritis associated with anti-JO1 antibodies treated with corticosteroids. Although glucocorticoid therapy was maintained, administration of cidofovir improved the neurological condition. Our observation demonstrates the expanding clinical importance of JCV in systemic rheumatic diseases, particularly when immunosuppressive agents are used, and neurological symptoms or white matter changes on central nervous system imaging should arouse the suspicion of PML.
authors.affiliation: Service de Médecine Interne et Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, 5, avenue de Magellan, Pessac Cedex, France. jean-francois.viallard@chu-bordeaux.fr
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Viallard
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lazaro
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ellie
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eimer
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Camou
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Caubet
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Lafon
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fleury
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pellegrin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001168:Arthritis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000077404:Cidofovir; D003596:Cytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007577:JC Virus / Q000276:immunology; D007968:Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011859:Radiography; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D003596:Cytosine; D000077404:Cidofovir