title: Serum chemokine profile in patients with bullous pemphigoid.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease causing blister formation at the dermoepidermal junction. Cutaneous infiltration of activated CD4+ T cells and eosinophils is an early event in blister formation during the disease process, suggesting that the trafficking of circulating leucocytes through the sites of inflammation is crucial in the pathogenesis of the disease. While the accumulated evidence suggests that some cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis, there have been few reports about serum chemokine profiles in patients with BP.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine serum profiles of various chemokines and their clinical association in patients with BP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concentrations of 10 chemokines - interferon (IFN)-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), monokine induced by IFN-gamma (MIG), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, MIP-1beta, RANTES, eotaxin, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, MCP-2, MCP-3 and growth-regulated oncogene-alpha- were measured in serum samples from 38 patients with BP, 16 with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and 17 normal controls using a sandwich immunoassay-based multiplex protein array system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While there was no significant increase in any serum chemokine levels in patients with PV, serum levels of IP-10 and MCP-1 were significantly increased in patients with BP compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, serum levels of IP-10, MIG, MCP-1 and eotaxin in patients with BP increased significantly with disease severity as determined by the area affected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations suggest that an elaborately orchestrated network of chemokines, especially MCP-1 and IP-10, contributes to the pathomechanism of BP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Asashima
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuwano
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yazawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okochi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumanogoh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamaki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9; D018925:Chemokines / Q000097:blood*; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000097:blood; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins / Q000097:blood; D010391:Pemphigoid, Bullous / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D010392:Pemphigus / Q000276:immunology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: C515456:CCL11 protein, human; C114753:CXCL10 protein, human; C080810:CXCL9 protein, human; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9; D018925:Chemokines; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins