title: Stability of insulin under iontophoretic conditions.
abstract: The present study focuses on the physical and chemical stability of insulin under iontophoretic conditions using HPLC, SDS-PAGE, RIA and biological assay. Influence of pH, concentration of insulin, current strength and duration of current application on the stability of insulin was studied. Anodal iontophoresis at pH 7.4 caused more than 80% degradation of insulin, while the degradation was minimal at pH 3.6. The degradation was not influenced by insulin concentration, but increase in current strength above 0.75 mA/cm2 or application of current for 12 h (at 0.5 mA/cm2) led to 80 and 20% degradation respectively. All the samples showed biological activity comparable to intact insulin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical, Education and Research (NIPER), Mohali, Punjab, India. panchagnula@yahoo.com
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Panchagnula
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bindra
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: C Shanker
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pillai
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D015194:Diffusion Chambers, Culture; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007478:Iontophoresis; D007700:Kinetics; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin