Prenatal sonographic features of hypospadia: two- and three-dimensional findings.
OBJECTIVE
To present our experience of applying three-dimensional ultrasonography in prenatal diagnosis of hypospadia.


METHODS
A 28-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 0, visited our hospital at 17 weeks' gestation. No gross anomaly was found on the scan at 21 weeks' gestation. Fetal growth was appropriate for gestational age on two-dimensional (2D) ultrasonography at 27 weeks' gestation, but an abnormally curved and shortened fetal penis was found incidentally. Three-dimensional (3D) imaging in surface-rendered mode was used to reconstruct the fetal penis. Multiplanar and surface-rendered images were obtained in the midsagittal, axial, and coronal planes to precisely delineate the ventral curvature of the penis. At 39 weeks' gestation, a term newborn was delivered by vacuum extraction. On examination, the fetus was confirmed to have hypospadia. Karyotyping revealed 46,XY.


CONCLUSIONS
2D ultrasonography could only give indirect clues of hypospadia that was later more precisely delineated by 3D ultrasonography in surface-rendered mode.
Fang
Kung-Hong
KH
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
Wu
Joung-Liang
JL
Chen
Ming
M
Yeh
Guang-Perng
GP
Chou
Pan-Hsin
PH
Hsu
Jui-Chang
JC
Hsieh
Charles Tsung-Che
CT
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000235:genetics; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D010413:Penis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D011247:Pregnancy; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*