title: Chromium picolinate supplementation in women: effects on body weight, composition, and iron status.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study tested the hypothesis that supplementation of chromium picolinate (CrPic), 200 microg Cr/d, compared with an equivalent amount of picolinic acid (1720 microg) in CrPic and placebo, decreases body weight, alters body composition, and reduces iron status of women fed diets of constant energy and nutrients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We fed 83 women nutritionally balanced diets, used anthropometry and dual x-ray absorptiometry to assess body composition, and measured serum and urinary Cr and biochemical indicators of iron status before and serially every 4 wk for 12 wk in a double-blind, randomized trial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CrPic supplementation increased (P < 0.0001) serum Cr concentration and urinary Cr excretion compared with picolinic acid and placebo. CrPic did not affect body weight or fat, although all groups lost (P < 0.05) weight and fat; it did not affect fat-free, mineral-free mass or measurements of iron status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under conditions of controlled energy intake, CrPic supplementation of women did not independently influence body weight or composition or iron status. Thus, claims that supplementation of 200 microg of Cr as CrPic promotes weight loss and body composition changes are not supported.
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA. hlukaski@gfhnrc.ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Henry C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lukaski
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Siders
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Penland
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D002857:Chromium / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood*; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy; D010848:Picolinic Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents; D010848:Picolinic Acids; D014131:Trace Elements; D002857:Chromium; D007501:Iron; C030614:picolinic acid