title: Removal of a type of endocrine disruptors--di-n-butyl phthalate from water by ozonation.
abstract: Ozonation of synthetic water containing a type of endocrine disruptor--di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) was examined. Key impact factors such as pH, temperature, ionic strength, ozone dosage and initial DBP concentration were investigated. In addition, the activities of radicals on uncatalysed and catalysed ozonation were studied. The degradation intermediate products were followed and the kinetic of the ozonation were assessed as well. Results revealed that ozonation of DBP followed two mechanisms. Firstly, the reaction rate of direct ozonation was slower at lower pH, temperature, and ionic strength. Secondly, when these factors were increased for indirect radical reaction, higher percentage of DBP was removed with the increase of the initial ozone dosage and the decrease of the initial DBP concentration. In addition, tert-butanol, humic substances and Fe(II) affected DBP ozonation through the radical pathway. It was determined that ozonation was restrained by adding tert-butanol for its radical inhibition effect. Furthermore, humic substances enhanced the reaction to some extent, but a slight negative effect would be encountered if the optimum dosage was exceeded. As a matter of fact, Mn(II) affected the ozonation by "active sites" mechanism. In the experiment, three different kinds of intermediate products were produced during ozonation, but the amount of products for each one of them decreased as pH, temperature, ionic strength and initial ozone dosage increased. A kinetic equation of the reaction between ozone and DBP was obtained.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
authors.forename: Hai-yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jiu-hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Hui-juan
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods; D006812:Humic Substances; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010126:Ozone / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D006812:Humic Substances; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate; D010126:Ozone