title: Transcutaneous ultrasonographic evaluation of gastric distension with fluid in horses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a transcutaneous ultrasonography (TUS) method for measuring the location of the stomach during various levels of fluid distension and evaluate any correlation between gastric fluid distension and stomach position.
  
  
  METHODS
  6 adult horses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Known volumes of water were administered in 2 trials. In trial 1, the stomach was evaluated prior to and after the administration of 2, 4, and 6 L of water. In trial 2, the stomach was evaluated after administration of 6, 8, 10, and 12 L of water. The TUS was performed at the 7th through 16th left intercostal spaces (ICSs). For each volume of water, an image was captured at the most dorsal point in each ICS where the dorsolateral aspect of the stomach wall was viewed. The distance between this point and a horizontal line drawn on the skin at the level of the elbow joint was measured. The measurements at all ICSs were used to estimate the gastric wall height at ICS 12, which was subsequently evaluated for statistical association with volume administered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant correlation between the estimated height of the stomach wall at ICS 12 and the volume of fluid administered was detected. A regression equation to estimate gastric fluid volume when initial values for gastric wall height (cm) at ICS 12 and fluid volume (L) are known was developed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggested that use of TUS for gastric fluid volume estimation is a potentially useful technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lores
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stryhn
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McDuffee
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Tammy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muirhead
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D013271:Gastric Dilatation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000662:veterinary*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006736:Horses; D008297:Male; D013270:Stomach / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D014867:Water / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014867:Water