Physiological features of periodontal regeneration and approaches for periodontal tissue engineering utilizing periodontal ligament cells.
Experimental studies have shown that the potential of periodontal regeneration seems to be limited by the regenerative capacity of the cells involved. The regeneration of damaged periodontal tissues is mediated by various periodontal cells and is regulated by a vast array of extracellular matrix informational molecules that induce both selective and nonselective responses in different cell lineages and their precursors. In this paper, we first review periodontal ligament tissue and its different cell subpopulations including fibroblasts and paravascular stem cells, and their functions during the development and homeostasis of periodontal tissues. Because conventional periodontal regeneration methods remain insufficient to obtain a complete and reliable periodontal regeneration, the concept of periodontal tissue engineering has been based on the generation of the conditions necessary to improve the healing of periodontal tissues. Additionally, the potential of periodontal ligament cells for use in periodontal tissue engineering to overcome the limitations of conventional periodontal regenerative therapies is discussed, followed by an update of the recent progress and future directions of research utilizing periodontal ligament cells for predictable periodontal regeneration.
Benatti
Bruno Braga
BB
Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry at Piracicaba, UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, CEP 13414-903, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Silvério
Karina Gonzales
KG
Casati
Márcio Zaffalon
MZ
Sallum
Enílson Antônio
EA
Nociti
Francisco Humberto
FH
D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends