title: Nutrient intake, body composition, blood cholesterol and glucose levels among adult Asian Indians in the United States.
abstract: Asian Indian (AI) immigrants have been suggested to be at increased risk for chronic disease. This study examined the metabolic risk factors for CVD among AI immigrants participating in a health fair in Southern Michigan, in the U.S. Participants included AI men (n = 44) and women (n = 57) who completed a demographic questionnaire, blood lipid (TC and HDL-C) and blood glucose (BG) test, resting BP check (SBP and DBP), body composition analysis and 24-h diet recall. For the entire group, the mean values were: BMI = 25.5, % body fat (BF) = 29.3; SBP = 129 mmHg; DBP = 76 mmHg; TC = 198 mg/dL; HDL-C = 48 mg/dL; BG = 111 mg/dL. Significant gender differences were observed: % BF (20% vs. 36%, P < 0.0001), lean body mass (122 vs. 48 lbs, P < 0.0001), HDL-C (42 vs. 52 mg/dL, P < 0.0025), TC/HDL-C (4.86 vs. 4.11, P < 0.03) and BG (122 vs. 105 mg/dL, P < 0.0001), for males and females, respectively. Dietary carbohydrate, protein and fat contributed 64, 14 and 25% of total energy intake. Among males, BMI was positively correlated with % BF (0.729, P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with HDL-C (-0.457, P < 0.05). Among females, BMI was positively correlated with % BF (0.801, P < 0.01), SBP (0.425, P < 0.05) and DBP (0.538, P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with % energy from saturated fat (-0.523, P < 0.01) and calcium intake (-0.445, P < 0.05). Despite having a dietary intake that meets the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III recommendations, this group was at a higher risk for chronic disease, by virtue of increased BMI and % BF along with an altered metabolic profile (high BP and TC and low HDL-C).
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, Novartis Medical Nutrition, 1541 Park Place Blvd, St. Louis Park, MN 55416, USA. satya.jonnalagadda@novartis.com
authors.forename: Satya S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jonnalagadda
authors.forename: Pramod
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khosla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D008824:Michigan; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000208:ethnology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol