title: Intermediate chain subunit as a probe for cytoplasmic dynein function: biochemical analyses and live cell imaging in PC12 cells.
abstract: Cytoplasmic dynein 1 is a multi-subunit motor protein responsible for microtubule minus end-directed transport in axons. The cytoplasmic dynein intermediate chain subunit has a scaffold-like role in the dynein complex; it directly binds to four of the other five subunits, the heavy chain and the three light chains. The intermediate chain also binds the p150 subunit of dynactin, a protein that is essential for many dynein functions. We reexamined the generation of rat cytoplasmic dynein intermediate chain isoforms by the alternative splicing of the two genes that encode this subunit and identified an additional splicing site in intermediate chain gene 1. We reinvestigated the expression of the intermediate chain 1 isoforms in cultured cells and tissues. The Loa mouse, which is homozygote lethal, contains a missense mutation in the region of the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain gene that binds the intermediate chain. Protein binding studies showed that all six intermediate chains were able to bind to the mutated heavy chain. GFP-tagged intermediate chains were constructed and PC12 cell lines with stable expression of the fusion proteins were established. Live cell imaging and comparative immunocytochemical analyses show that dynein is enriched in the actin rich region of growth cones.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology Department, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Kevin W-H
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: R John
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lye
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kogoy
authors.forename: Violetta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Soura
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hafezparast
authors.forename: K Kevin
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Pfister
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001370:Axonal Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D004398:Dyneins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D020125:Mutation, Missense / Q000502:physiology; D016716:PC12 Cells; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000502:physiology; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms; D021122:Protein Subunits; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D004398:Dyneins