title: Involvement of nitric oxide in cocaine-induced erections and ejaculations after paradoxical sleep deprivation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As nitric oxide (NO) is involved in penile erectile (PE) function and also influences the sleep-wake cycle, we speculated that NO could play a role in PE and ejaculation of paradonical sleep deprivation (PSD) rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animals were pretreated with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, ip) and L-arginine (ip and icv) prior to saline or cocaine injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cocaine-induced PE in 90% of PSD rats, 60% of which ejaculated. L-NAME reduced the frequency of erection, but had no effect in the proportion of PSD-cocaine-injected rats displaying this response. L-NAME had no effect in saline groups. L-Arginine in PSD-saline rats reduced the proportion of animals displaying PE at the highest dose and reduced the frequency of PE at all doses in both saline and cocaine groups. The icv administration of L-arginine reduced PE only in PSD-cocaine rats. Results indicate that common to both drugs, whether it was NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor or NO precursor, was their capacity to strongly reduce PE frequency in cocaine-treated rats. Moreover, L-arginine (ip) played a relevant inhibitory role in the erection displayed by PSD rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that the stimulating effects of PSD associated or not with cocaine on erection can be modified by alterations in the NO system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychobiology - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), R. Napoleão de Barros, 925, V. Clementino 04024-002, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. mandersen@psicobio.epm.br
authors.forename: Monica L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Juliana C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: Isabela B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Antunes
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tufik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003042:Cocaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004542:Ejaculation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular / Q000379:methods; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D003042:Cocaine; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester