title: Absence of Bcl-xL down-regulation in response to cisplatin is associated with chemoresistance in ovarian carcinoma cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recurrence and subsequent acquired chemoresistance to platinum-based treatments constitute major hurdles to ovarian carcinoma therapy. Our objective was to examine the involvement of Bcl-xL anti-apoptotic protein in resistance to cisplatin.
  
  
  METHODS
  We described the effect of cisplatin on cell cycle and apoptosis induction in sensitive (IGROV1 and OAW42) and resistant (IGROV1-R10 and SKOV3) ovarian carcinoma cell lines. We correlated it with Bcl-xL mRNA and protein expression after exposure to cisplatin. We then used bcl-xS gene transfer to impede Bcl-xL activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our study showed that Bcl-xL basal expression was high in both sensitive and resistant cell lines, as well as in all the studied ovarian tumor samples. Thus, Bcl-xL basal expression could not allow to predict sensitivity. Wondering whether variation of Bcl-xL level in response to cisplatin could be a better determinant of sensitivity, we investigated the expression of this protein in the cell lines after treatment. Cisplatin-induced down-regulation of Bcl-xL was strictly associated with apoptosis and absence of recurrence in vitro. Conversely, the maintenance of Bcl-xL expression in response to cisplatin appeared as a sine qua non condition to escape to treatment. To try to sensitize SKOV3 cells by impeding anti-apoptotic activity of Bcl-xL, we transfected bcl-xS gene in these cells. Bcl-xS exogenous expression was only slightly cytotoxic on its own, but highly sensitized SKOV3 resistant cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis, and delayed recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work thus provides one more argument to put Bcl-xL forward as a pertinent target of inhibition to overcome chemoresistance of epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Groupe Régional d'Etudes sur le Cancer, Unité Biologie et Thérapies Innovantes des Cancers Localement Agressifs, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Avenue du général Harris, 14076 Caen cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Villedieu
authors.forename: M-H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Louis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dutoit
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brotin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lincet
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Duigou
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Staedel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gauduchon
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Poulain
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection; D051020:bcl-X Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C494811:BCL2L1 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D002945:Cisplatin