title: [Early complications following transcatheter occlusion of perimembranous ventricular septal defects in children].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the early complications during and after transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects (PMVSDs) in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 223 patients received transcatheter closure of PMVSDs from March 2002 to December 2005 in our hospital were included in this retrospective study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall complications rate was 26.9% (60/223). Major complications occurred in 9 patients (4.0%) including III degrees atrioventricular block (AVB) in 2 (0.9%), hemolysis in 3 (1.3%) and surgical interventions in 4 patients (1.8%) because of device malposition (1), mild aortic regurgitation (2) and device embolization (1) and all 4 patients recovered without further complications. The 2 patients with III degrees AVB were completely recovered to normal sinus rhythm after 7 days treatment with temporary pacemaker and corticosteroid. Hemolysis in 3 patients disappeared after corticosteroid treatment. Minor complications occurred in 51 patients (22.8%) including bundle branch block (BBB) in 37 (16.6%), first-degree AVB in 2 (0.9%), second-degree AVB in 1 (0.4%), new-onset mild aortic regurgitation in 5 (2.2%) and new-onset mild to moderate tricuspid regurgitation in 6 patients (2.6%). Except for right bundle branch blocks, other BBBs were treated with albumin and corticosteroid and completely recovered. No treatment was applied for new-onset valve regurgitations. There was no death in all 223 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early complications post PMVSDs in children are mostly minor with good prognosis and the prognosis for major complications post PMVSDs is good after proper treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Peadiatric Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Hospital, Guangzhou 510100, China.
authors.forename: Jun-jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhi-wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ming-yang
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Hui-shen
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu-fen
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies