title: p53 overexpression is a predictor of local recurrence after treatment for both in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several biological markers have been related to prognosis in mammary ductal carcinoma. The aim of the study was to determine biological markers that could predict local recurrence following treatment for all stages of primary operable ductal carcinoma of the breast.
  
  
  METHODS
  A consecutive series of patients treated for pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS, n = 110) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC, n = 243) was studied. Twenty-three patients with DCIS were excluded because of lack of original paraffin embedded tissue. All patients had been treated between July 1996 and December 2001. Median follow-up was 49.8 mo. From the original paraffin embedded tumors, tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed. On these TMAs, immunohistochemistry was performed for estrogen-receptor (ER), progesterone-receptor (PR), Her2/neu, p53, and cyclin D1. Main outcome was the event of LR. All analyses were stratified for diagnosis (DCIS or IDC) and pathological grade.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In univariate analyses, Her2/neu overexpression (hazard ratio [HR] 3.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-8.7, P = 0.032) and p53 overexpression (HR 3.5, 95% CI 1.3-9.3, P = 0.014) were associated with LR in patients treated for both DCIS and IDC. In multivariate analysis, p53 overexpression (HR 3.0, 95% CI 1.1-8.2, P = 0.036 and HR 4.4, 95% CI 1.5-12.9, P = 0.008) and adjuvant radiotherapy (HR 0.2, 95% CI 0.1-0.8, P = 0.026) were independent common predictors of LR in patients who had received treatment for both DCIS and IDC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  p53 overexpression is a common predictor of LR following treatment for all stages of primary operable ductal carcinoma of the breast. This marker may help in planning optimal treatment and follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. m.a.j.de.roos@chir.umcg.nl
authors.forename: Marnix A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Roos
authors.forename: Geertruida H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: de Bock
authors.forename: Jaap
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.forename: Bert
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van der Vegt
authors.forename: Jelle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wesseling
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53