title: Psychological distress and burden among female partners of combat veterans with PTSD.
abstract: Psychological distress among cohabitating female partners of combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was examined in a cross-sectional study using a modified version of the Health Belief Model. A convenience sample of 89 cohabitating female partners of male veterans in outpatient PTSD treatment was interviewed by telephone using a structured interview. Partners endorsed high levels of psychological distress with elevations on clinical scales at or exceeding the 90th percentile. Severe levels of overall psychological distress, depression, and suicidal ideation were prevalent among partners. Multivariate analyses revealed that perceived threat, recent mental health treatment, and level of involvement with veterans predicted global partner psychological distress. Partner burden was predicted by partner self-efficacy, perceived threat, barriers to mental health treatment, and partner treatment engagement. These findings are compelling since they demonstrate that partners of veterans with combat-related PTSD experience significant levels of emotional distress that warrant clinical attention. Psychological distress and partner burden were each associated with a unique combination of predictors, suggesting that although these constructs are related, they have distinct correlates and potentially different implications within the family environment. Future research should examine these constructs separately using causal modeling analyses to identify modifiable targets for interventions to reduce psychological distress among partners of individuals with PTSD.
authors.affiliation: VA South Central (VISN 16) Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Manguno-Mire
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sautter
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.forename: Leann
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: Shirley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Glynn
authors.forename: Greer
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sullivan
mesh_terms: D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003130:Combat Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013405:Suicide / Q000523:psychology; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data