title: How are substance use disorders addressed in VA psychiatric and primary care settings? Results of a national survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined interventions for substance use disorders within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) psychiatric and primary care settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  National random samples of 83 VA psychiatry program directors and 102 primary care practitioners were surveyed by telephone. The survey assessed screening practices to detect substance use disorders, protocols for treating patients with substance use disorders, and available treatments for substance use disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Respondents reported extensive contact with patients with substance use problems. However, a majority reported being ill equipped to treat substance use disorders themselves; they usually referred such patients to specialty substance use disorder treatment programs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Offering fewer specialty substance use disorder services within the VA may be problematic: providers can refer patients to specialty programs only if such programs exist. Caring for veterans with substance use disorders may require increasing the capacity of and establishing new specialty programs or expanding the ability of psychiatric programs and primary care practitioners to provide such care.
authors.affiliation: Program Evaluation and Resource Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 795 Willow Road (MPD-152), Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. stephen.tracy@va.gov
authors.forename: Stephen W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Tracy
authors.forename: Jodie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Trafton
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Weingardt
authors.forename: Eangelica G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Aton
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Humphreys
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006302:Health Services Research; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008890:Military Psychiatry; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014481:United States; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data