title: Facility variation in utilization of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate facility-level variation in prescription rates of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) medications for patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective database analysis from 143 Veterans Health Administration facilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects with DM aged 18 to 75 years were identified as having stage 2-4 CKD using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on an index eGFR in 1999 and a subsequent eGFR 90-365 days later. Whether ACEI/ARB medications were prescribed within 1 year after the index eGFR was determined. Variation in facility-level rates was evaluated separately for subjects age <65 years and 65 to 75 years from facilities with more than 50 subjects per age group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 103 853 subjects had stage 2 CKD; 51 728, stage 3; and 3233, stage 4. However, 25% of facilities had fewer than 50 patients age <65 years with either stage 3 or 4 CKD. The median (range) facility-level prescription rates of ACEI/ARB for stage 2 and combined stage 3-4 CKD were 58.5% (44.3%-71.2%) and 73.3% (51.7%-84.6%), respectively, for subjects age <65 years; and 56.5% (38.1%-71.4%) and 68.4% (51.6%-80.1%), respectively, for subjects aged 65 to 75 years. Spearman rank correlation between facility rankings by age group was 0.72 for stage 2 (139 facilities) and 0.49 for stage 3-4 (111 facilities) (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although ascertainment of prescription rates of ACEI/ARB to CKD patients is feasible using electronic health records, small sample size at the healthcare-system level preclude their utility for public reporting.
authors.affiliation: DVA-New Jersey Healthcare System, East Orange, NJ 07018, USA.
authors.forename: Anjali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: Chin-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: Elizabeth F O
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maney
authors.forename: Donald R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pogach
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004363:Drug Utilization; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006787:Hospitals, Veterans; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors