title: [Risk factors for perioperative complications in renal surgery for Wilms' tumor].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is controversy about preoperative chemotherapy in the treatment of Wilms' tumor. The perioperative morbidity plays a key role in this discussion. Therefore, risk factors of perioperative complications were analysed in our series of patients with Wilms' tumor with a special focus on the effects of preoperative chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case histories of 37 patients [mean age 3.9 (range: 0.6 - 14) years] were retrospectively analysed concerning follow-up, clinical and histopathological stage, size of the primary tumor, as well as duration and extent of preoperative chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  35 patients underwent radical nephrectomy, 2 patients had organ-sparing surgery because of bilateral involvement. The mean maximal tumor diameter was 9.5 cm (range: 4 - 24 cm). 11/37 patients had no or shortened preoperative chemotherapy. 6/37 patients (16.2 %) had perioperative complications. There was one intraoperative tumor rupture, 4 small bowel obstructions, 1 pancreatitis. All complications occurred in patients of clinical stages III and IV, maximal tumor diameter > 10 cm after unusually extended operative procedures. 4 patients showed only poor response to preoperative chemotherapy. Patients with doxorubicin pre-treatment showed a higher risk of postoperative small bowel obstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk of perioperative complications was correlated with the local extent of the primary tumor and was higher with those requiring more extensive surgical interventions. The influence of preoperative chemotherapy on the complications rate is inconstant. Considering a good response of the primary tumor, the complication rate will be decreased. However, the comorbidity of more intense preoperative chemotherapy in patients of stage IV may contribute to a higher risk of surgical complications.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Urologie, Georg-August-Universität, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen. fseseke@gwdg.de
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Seseke
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rebmann
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zöller
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lakomek
authors.forename: R-H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Ringert
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007415:Intestinal Obstruction / Q000139:chemically induced; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014750:Vincristine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D003609:Dactinomycin; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin