title: Removal of 3-chlorophenol from water using rice-straw-based carbon.
abstract: The removal of 3-chlorophenol (CP) from water by carbon derived from burning of rice straw was evaluated in this study. Rice straw was burned at 300 degrees C in the air to obtain rice carbon (RC). Scanning electron micrographs showed a highly porous structure of RC. NMR and FTIR spectroscopy suggested an enhanced aromaticity of RC and the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups. Adsorption of CP by RC was characterized by L-shaped nonlinear isotherms, suggesting surface adsorption rather than partitioning. The adsorption occurred most strongly when CP existed as a neutral species. The adsorption decreased with increasing pH due to increased deprotonation of surface functional groups of RC and dissociation of CP. The adsorption capacity determined by data-fitting to the Langmuir model was 14.2, 12.9, 11.4 and 4.9 mg g(-1) at pH 4, 6, 8 and 10, respectively. These results suggest that rice-straw-based carbon may be effectively used as a low-cost substitute for activated carbon for removal of chlorophenols from water.
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences and Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. slwang@dragon.nchu.edu.tw
authors.forename: Shan-Li
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Tzou
authors.forename: Yi-Hsien
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Guangyao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sheng
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002244:Carbon; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012275:Oryza; D016062:Porosity; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002733:Chlorophenols; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002244:Carbon