title: Nutrient supplementation post ambulation in persons with incomplete spinal cord injuries: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled case series.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine effects of protein-carbohydrate intake on ambulation performance in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Double-blinded treatment with washout and placebo crossover.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three subjects aged 34 to 43 years with incomplete SCI at C5-T4.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects walked to fatigue on 5 consecutive days. On fatigue, participants consumed 48g of vanilla-flavored whey and 1g/kg of body weight of carbohydrate (CH(2)O). Weekend rest followed, and the process was repeated. A 2-week washout was interposed and the process repeated using 48g of vanilla-flavored soy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oxygen consumed (Vo(2); in L/min), carbon dioxide evolved (Vco(2)), respiratory exchange ratio (RER: Vco(2)/Vo(2)), time (in minutes), and distance walked (in meters) were recorded. Caloric expenditure was computed as Vo(2) by time by 21kJ/L (5kcal/L) of oxygen consumed. Data were averaged across the final 2 ambulation sessions for each testing condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite slow ambulation velocities (range, .11-.34m/s), RERs near or above unity reflected reliance on CH(2)O fuel substrates. Average ambulation time to fatigue was 17.8% longer; distance walked 37.9% longer, and energy expenditure 12.2% greater with the whey and CH(2)O supplement than with the soy drink.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whey and CH(2)O ingestion after fatiguing ambulation enhanced ensuing ambulation by increasing ambulation distance, time, and caloric expenditure in persons with incomplete SCI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA. mnash@miami.edu
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Nash
authors.forename: Nina M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Meltzer
authors.forename: Shannon C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Lindley
authors.forename: Edelle C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Field-Fote
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D013995:Time; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology; D000067816:Whey Proteins
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D008894:Milk Proteins; D030262:Soybean Proteins; D000067816:Whey Proteins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide