title: Patient reporting of suspected adverse drug reactions: a review of published literature and international experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To synthesize data from published studies and international experience to identify evidence of potential benefits and drawbacks of direct patient reporting of suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) by patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Structured search of MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO supplemented by internet searches and requests for information to key contacts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven studies (eight papers) were included in the review. None of the studies concerned spontaneous reporting by patients. Information on patient reporting systems was obtained for six countries, with summary data reported by four. Patient reports identified possible new ADRs that had not previously been reported by health professionals. The quality of patient reports appears to be similar to that of health professional reports. There is some evidence that patients report an ADR when they consider their health professional has not paid attention to their concerns. Patient reports may, at least initially, be more time consuming to process.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, the evidence indicates that patient reporting of suspected ADRs has more potential benefits than drawbacks. Evaluation of patient reporting systems is needed to provide further evidence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicines Management, Keele University, Keele, UK. ablenkinsopp@keele.ac.uk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blenkinsopp
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wilkie
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Routledge
mesh_terms: D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D006801:Humans