title: Steroid injection for sinonasal polyps: the University of Virginia experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sinonasal polyps are treated with topical steroids, systemic oral steroids, surgical excision, and intrapolyp steroid injection. Use of steroid injection is not widespread because of reported complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the complications of intrapolyp steroid injections and compare it to the complications of surgical removal of polyps.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients seen between 1994 and 2003 with a diagnosis of nasal polyps were reviewed retrospectively. Demographics, complications, follow-up, and comorbidities were collected. Frequency of each treatment modality used and complications of each treatment were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred fifty-eight patients were in the study with a mean follow-up of 30 months. Respiratory comorbidities were asthma alone (35%), aspirin triad (16%), and cystic fibrosis (15%). Other comorbidities were smokers (21%). Treatment modalities were medical treatment alone (14%); medical treatment and steroid injections (19%); medical treatment and surgery (33%); and medical treatment, injections, and surgery (34%). Patients who underwent injection had fewer surgeries (p < 0.001). There was 1 minor complication associated with 1495 injections and 11 major and 16 minor complications associated with the 310 surgeries. The differences in complication rates were statistically significant (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in demographics, follow-up, or comorbidities between patients who received injections and patients who underwent surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intrapolyp steroid injection is associated with a significantly lower rate of complication than is surgical excision of sinonasal polyps. Steroid injection also may decrease the need for further surgical intervention of polyps.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Samuel S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Rasamny
authors.forename: Joseph K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Patrie
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids