title: Reirradiation for recurrent neck metastases of head-and-neck tumors using CT-guided interstitial 192Ir HDR brachytherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the therapeutic results obtained with CT-guided interstitial high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BRT) as exclusive treatment for recurrent neck metastases of head-and-neck tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1995 and 1999, 49 patients with prior radiation therapy (RT) with or without surgery for primary head-and-neck tumors were treated for recurrent neck metastases located within previously irradiated volumes. All patients had fixed lymphadenopathy with a mean tumor volume of 96 cm(3) (range, 15-452 cm(3)). There were 38 males and eleven females with a mean age of 60 years (range, 28-79 years). All patients had previously received RT as primary or adjuvant treatment with a mean dose of 54 Gy (range, 45-80 Gy). 36 patients (73%) underwent surgery, and 26 (53%) received adjuvant or palliative chemotherapy. The accelerated hyperfractionated interstitial HDR-BRT (2 x 3.0 Gy/day) delivered 30 Gy in 37/49 (75%) and 36 Gy in 12/49 implants (25%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At a minimum 6-week follow-up, the response rate was 83% (41/49) with complete remission in 20% (10/49) and partial remission in 63% (31/49) of the implanted tumor sites. 8/49 patients (17%) did not respond to the treatment. After 19 months of median follow-up, the local control rate was 69% and a total of 15/49 patients (30%) experienced local disease progression. Of these, nine (18%) had locoregional progression and six (12%) progression within the treated volume. The median post-BRT survival was 14 months. The overall survival rate was 52% at 1 year, 31% at 2 years, and 6% at 3 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with recurrent cervical lymphadenopathy of head-and-neck tumors, exclusive interstitial HDR-BRT can provide palliation and tumor control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy, Klinikum Offenbach, Offenbach, Germany.
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kolotas
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tselis
authors.forename: Manon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sommerlad
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Röddiger
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schnabel
authors.forename: Dimos
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baltas
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalogera-Fountzila
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fountzilas
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zamboglou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D006801:Humans; D007496:Iridium Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011881:Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007496:Iridium Radioisotopes