title: Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) inhibits myogenic differentiation.
abstract: Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC), an anti-apoptotic protein, is highly expressed in differentiated heart and skeletal muscle. Apoptosis and differentiation share numerous common pathways; therefore, we examined the impact of ARC on H9c2-myoblast differentiation. We demonstrate that ARC expression levels increase and stabilize upon differentiation. ARC-overexpression in pre-differentiated H9c2-cells suppresses differentiation; indicated by increased myotube formation, nuclear fusion and expression of the differentiation markers myogenin and troponin-T. ARC-overexpression inhibited myoblast differentiation associated caspase-3 activation, suggesting ARC inhibits myogenic differentiation through caspase inhibition. In summary, we show a novel role for ARC in the regulation of muscle differentiation.
authors.affiliation: James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Arwen L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: Jingchun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shirley C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiaoning
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Si
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Daryoush
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ekhterae
authors.forename: Honglin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Granville
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D015870:Gene Expression; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000502:physiology; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D032386:Myoblasts, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; C491788:Nol3 protein, rat; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3