title: Interleukin-8 and CXCR1 receptor functional polymorphisms and susceptibility to acute pyelonephritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We performed a case-control study in children diagnosed by the first episode of upper urinary tract infection with or without vesicoureteral reflux to evaluate the association of functional polymorphism of interleukin-8 (-251A>T and +2767A>G), and its receptor CXCR1 (+2607G>C).
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA was obtained from 265 children with a clinical and laboratory diagnosis of urinary tract infection who were recruited in northeast Italy. The children were subdivided as 173 who were dimercapto-succinic acid scan positive with positive static renal scintigraphy in acute conditions, consistent with the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis, and 92 who were dimercapto-succinic acid scan negative. Genetic analysis for the same polymorphisms was also extended to a control population of 106 umbilical cord DNA samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis of genotype data showed that 1) the tested populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, 2) there were significant differences between the dimercapto-succinic acid scan positive and negative groups (p=0.049), and the dimercapto-succinic acid scan positive group vs controls (p=0.032) in terms of interleukin-8 -251A>T polymorphism frequency, 3) there was also a significant difference in the distribution of IL-8 -251A>T and +2767A>G polymorphisms between dimercapto-succinic acid scan positive and negative children in the subgroup without vesicoureteral reflux (p=0.03 and 0.02, respectively) and 4) no significant differences were found in the frequency of the distribution of CXCR1 +2607G>C polymorphism in all groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that the gene for the proinflammatory chemokine interleukin-8 is involved in susceptibility to acute pyelonephritis during upper urinary tract infection in children with or without vesicoureteral reflux.
authors.affiliation: University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Artifoni
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Negrisolo
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Montini
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zucchetta
authors.forename: Pier Paolo
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Molinari
authors.forename: Walburga
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cassar
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Destro
authors.forename: Franca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Anglani
authors.forename: Waifro
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rigamonti
authors.forename: Graziella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zacchello
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Murer
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000235:genetics*; D023062:Receptors, Interleukin-8A / Q000235:genetics*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D023062:Receptors, Interleukin-8A