title: Cardiac accumulation of bone marrow mononuclear progenitor cells after intracoronary or intravenous injection in pigs subjected to acute myocardial infarction with subsequent reperfusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficacy of intracoronary and intravenous injection of autologous progenitor cells for homing to the acutely infarcted but reperfused myocardium in pigs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Myocardial infarction was induced in 11 anesthetized pigs by 60-min balloon inflation in the mid LAD. After balloon deflation, reperfusion was verified and autologous CD31(+) progenitor cells, or bone marrow mononuclear cells, labeled with PKH67, were injected either intracoronarily (n=6) or intravenously (n=3). By autopsy, 4-5 days after induction of infarction, tissue from the heart and other organs was obtained for fluorescence microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the heart, PKH(+) cells were detected throughout the reperfused infarcted myocardium, and the number of PKH(+) cells was significantly higher after intracoronary than after intravenous injection (3.2+/-0.55 vs. 0.33+/-0.17 cells/high-power field/10(6) cells injected, P=.01). Few PKH(+) cells were detected in the spleen, lung, mesenteric lymph node, and bone marrow. In an additional animal with a coil placed in the mid LAD, progenitor cells were not detected in the infarcted myocardium or in the normal myocardium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Autologous mononuclear and CD31(+) cells from bone marrow accumulated in the infarcted myocardium when injected intracoronarily or intravenously after established reperfusion, and the accumulation of cells was significantly greater after intracoronary injection than after intravenous injection. Accumulation of PKH(+) cells did not appear in the normal myocardium or in the nonreperfused infarcted myocardium. PKH(+) cells were detected in spleen, lung, and bone marrow but to a lesser degree than in the infarcted myocardium.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Experimental Medical Research (IEMR), Ulleval University Hospital, N-0407 Oslo, Norway. h.k.grogaard@klinmed.uio.no
authors.forename: Haakon K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Grøgaard
authors.forename: Olafur E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Sigurjonsson
authors.forename: Magne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brekke
authors.forename: Nils E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Kløw
authors.forename: Kirsti Solberg
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Landsverk
authors.forename: Torstein
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lyberg
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eriksen
authors.forename: Torstein
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Egeland
authors.forename: Arnfinn
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ilebekk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000601:surgery*; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1