title: Antioxidant patterns (superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase) in kidneys from non-heart-beating-donors: experimental study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The evolution of renal antioxidant concentrations in the different phases of a non-heart-beating donor (NHBD) transplant after prolonged warm ischemia (40 and 90 minutes) and the effect of normothermic extracorporeal recirculation (37 degrees C) for 30 minutes were evaluated on antioxidant tissue concentrations in the kidney.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty pairs of pigs, were divided into groups of 10 as follows: group 0, control donor with beating heart; group 1, 40 minutes of warm ischemia without recirculation by cardiopulmonary bypass pump (groups 2 and 3); group 2, 40 minutes of warm ischemia and recirculation for 30 minutes at 37 degrees C; and group 3, 90 minutes of warm ischemia and recirculation for 30 minutes at 37 degrees C. The concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were determined at the tissue level by biopsy at baseline the end of warm ischemia, the end of recirculation, at the end of cold ischemia, and 1 hour after reperfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SOD was consumed at the end of the cold ischemia phase (P < .009) and increased during reperfusion (P < .02). Glutathione reductase was consumed during the cold ischemia phase (P < .04). In kidneys submitted to 40 minutes of warm ischemia, SOD was consumed during the cold ischemia phase (P < .04) and increased with reperfusion (P < .03). In kidneys undergoing 90 minutes of hot ischemia, SOD was consumed during cold ischemia (P < .04) and glutathione reductase during extracorporeal recirculation (P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recirculation increased the tissue level of SOD at the end of the cold ischemia period.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Terrassa, Department of Urology, Barcelona, Spain. 30067aar@comb.es
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Vijande
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Capdevila
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alcoberro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alcaraz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001706:Biopsy; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006323:Heart Arrest; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000201:enzymology; D007668:Kidney / Q000201:enzymology*; D023421:Models, Animal; D012079:Renal Circulation; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase