title: Schneiderian first rank symptoms in a sample of schizophrenic patients in Egypt.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Schneiderian first rank symptoms are included in the most influential operative diagnostic criteria, such as the ICD-10 and the DSM-IV. Many studies have examined their prevalence in the West, but their prevalence in non-Western countries still needs to be explored given that cultural beliefs are so different.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to shed some light on Schneiderian first rank symptoms (FRS) as they occur in patients with schizophrenia in Egypt.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two patients were interviewed, their demographic characteristics studied and FRS elicited. The SPSS computer program was used to analyse the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence rate of FRS was found to be 67%, which is similar to previous studies both in the East and the West. The study also showed that demographic variables had no significant relation to the prevalence of FRS except for nationality and social status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Schneiderian first rank symptoms transcend cultural barriers. However, strong cultural beliefs about the influence of supernatural forces on humans should nonetheless be carefully considered in eliciting delusions of control, influence or passivity.
authors.affiliation: Adolescent Assertive Outreach Team, Springfield University Hospital, London, UK. botrosmona@aol.com
authors.forename: Mona M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Botros
authors.forename: Sherif F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Atalla
authors.forename: M Fakhr
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: El-Islam
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003710:Demography; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004534:Egypt; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors