title: Trace analysis of proteins using postseparation solution-phase digestion and electrospray mass spectrometric detection of marker peptides.
abstract: Analytical methodologies for the absolute quantitation of proteins typically include a digest step often using trypsin as the proteolytic enzyme. In the majority of cases, off-line and on-line digestion methods are implemented prior to an LC-MS analysis system, requiring a high sequence coverage for unambiguous protein identification. For proteins with a strong overlap in amino acid sequence, e.g., therapeutic proteins and their metabolites, it is essential to separate proteins prior to digestion and the subsequent electrospray mass spectrometry analysis of marker peptides. Here, we present an on-line postcolumn solution-phase digestion methodology that is based on the continuous infusion of the proteolytic enzyme pepsin downstream to the nano C18 reversed-phase column. Proteins are identified based on their retention time in combination with the detection of specific marker peptides formed in the postcolumn digest. The optimization of important parameters such as enzyme concentration, reaction time, and organic modifier concentration is described. We demonstrated that the continuous-flow solution-phase digest method can be coupled on-line to the reversed-phase gradient liquid chromatography separation of proteins. Detection limits obtained for five model proteins, detected as specific marker peptides with m/z values of 300-1000, range from 30 to 90 fmol, with a linear response up to 3 pmol.
authors.affiliation: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bruyneel
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hoos
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Smoluch
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lingeman
authors.forename: W M A
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Niessen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Irth
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003574:Cytochrome c Group / Q000032:analysis*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009211:Myoglobin / Q000032:analysis*; D010434:Pepsin A / Q000737:chemistry*; D010455:Peptides / Q000032:analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis*; D012996:Solutions / Q000737:chemistry; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors; D014168:Transferrin / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D006454:Hemoglobins; D009211:Myoglobin; D010455:Peptides; D012709:Serum Albumin; D012996:Solutions; D014168:Transferrin; D010434:Pepsin A