title: Restoration by dietary glutamine of reduced tumor necrosis factor production in a low-protein-diet-fed rat model.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) production by peritoneal macrophages and its dietary modification were investigated by using rats fed on a low-protein diet. The rats were given a 20% casein (control) diet or a 3% casein diet for 21 days, and TNF production was measured in activated macrophages of these animals. TNF production was significantly lower in macrophages from rats fed on the low-protein diet than that in macrophages from rats fed on the control diet. Oral administration of a cabbage extract, a known modulator of TNF production, to the low-protein-diet-fed rats significantly enhanced TNF production by macrophages. Glutamine supplementation to the low-protein diet significantly enhanced TNF production as well as TNF mRNA expression. These results indicate that the 3%-casein-diet-fed rat would be useful as a model for reduced TNF production in protein malnutrition. These results also suggest that glutamine administration restored the reduced TNF production associated with protein malnutrition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo Noko University, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mawatari
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Kazumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yagasaki
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004032:Diet; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D005973:Glutamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D011488:Protein Deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D001798:Blood Proteins; D008055:Lipids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors; D005973:Glutamine