title: Tissue residues, metabolism, and excretion of radiolabeled sodium chlorate (Na[36Cl]O3) in rats.
abstract: A novel preharvest technology that reduces certain pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tracts of food animals involves feeding an experimental sodium chlorate-containing product (ECP) to animals 24-72 h prior to slaughter. To determine the metabolism and disposition of the active ingredient in ECP, four male Sprague-Dawley (approximately 350 g) rats received a single oral dose of sodium [36Cl]chlorate (3.0 mg/kg body weight). Urine, feces, and respired air were collected for 72 h. Radiochlorine absorption was 88-95% of the administered dose, and the major excretory route was the urine. Parent chlorate was the major species of radiochlorine present in urine at 6 h (approximately 98%) but declined sharply by 48 h (approximately 10%); chloride was the only other species of radiochlorine detected. Except for carcass remains (4.6% of dose), skin (3.2%), and gastrointestinal tract (1.3%), remaining tissues contained relatively low quantities of radioactivity, and >98% of radiochlorine remaining in the liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle was chloride. Chlorite instability was demonstrated in rat urine and bovine urine. The previously reported presence of chlorite in excreta of chlorate-dosed rats was shown to be an artifact of the analytical methods employed. Results from this study indicate that chlorate is rapidly absorbed and reduced to chloride, but not chlorite, in rats.
authors.affiliation: Biosciences Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Fargo, North Dakota 58105-5674, USA. hakkh@fargo.ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Heldur
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hakk
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Nancy W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Shappell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002704:Chlorates / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D002713:Chlorine / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D011868:Radioisotopes; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D002704:Chlorates; D011868:Radioisotopes; D002713:Chlorine; C032706:sodium chlorate