HLA-DQB1 allele and hypocretin in Korean narcoleptics with cataplexy.
Cataplexy is one of the most pathognomonic symptoms in narcolepsy. This study was designed to investigate the frequency of the HLA-DQB1 allele and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypocretin levels in Korean narcoleptics with cataplexy as compared with those who do not have cataplexy. Seventy-two narcoleptics were selected based on polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test as well as their history and clinical symptoms at Sleep Disorders Clinic. The patients were divided into a narcolepsy with cataplexy group (n=56) and a narcolepsy without cataplexy group (n=16). All patients were subjected to HLA typing to determine the frequency of DQB1 allele and to spinal tapping to measure the level of CSF hypocretin. In cataplexy-positive patients, as compared with cataplexy-negative patients, the frequency of HLA-DQB1*0602 was found to be significantly high (89.3% vs. 50.0%) (p=0.003). On the other hand, the frequency of HLA-DQB1*0601 was found to be significantly low (0% vs. 43.8%) (p<0.001). In 48 of 56 cataplexy-positive patients (85.7 %), hypocretin levels were decreased (<or=110 pg/mL). However, only 6 of 16 cataplexy-negative patients (37.5%) exhibited a decreased hyopcretin level (p<0.001). The high frequency of HLA-DQB1*0602, low frequency of HLA-DQB1*0601 and low hypocretin levels in cataplexy-positive groups suggest that cataplexy-positive narcolepsy might be an etiologically different disease entity from the cataplexy-negative.
Jeong
Jong-Hyun
JH
Department of Neuropsychiatry, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea.
Hong
Seung-Chul
SC
Shin
Yoon-Kyung
YK
Han
Jin-Hee
JH
Lee
Sung-Pil
SP
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D002385:Cataplexy / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009290:Narcolepsy / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000235:genetics*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D000068797:Orexins; D012895:Sleep, REM
D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; C069051:HLA-DQB1 antigen; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D000068797:Orexins