Identification of "Haematobacter," a new genus of aerobic Gram-negative rods isolated from clinical specimens, and reclassification of Rhodobacter massiliensis as "Haematobacter massiliensis comb. nov.".
Twelve strains of gram-negative, nonfermenting rods recovered mainly from septicemic patients were studied using conventional and molecular methods. The phenotypic profiles of these strains most closely resembled Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus. They produced catalase, oxidase, urease, and H(2)S (lead acetate paper) but did not produce indole, reduce nitrate or nitrite, or hydrolyze gelatin or esculin. No acid production was observed in a King's oxidation-fermentation base containing d-glucose, d-xylose, d-mannitol, sucrose, lactose, or maltose. All strains were nonmotile and nonpigmented. Most strains produced green discoloration on blood agar. All strains grew at 25 degrees C and 35 degrees C and most grew on MacConkey agar. They shared a common cellular fatty acid (CFA) profile characterized by large amounts (56% to 90%) of 18:1omega7c and the presence of 3-OH-10:0, 16:1omega7c, 16:0, and 19:0cycomega8c that overall was most similar to that of Rhodobacter species but was quite distinct from that of P. phenylpyruvicus. The MICs for most beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and carbapenems were low. MICs for aztreonam and piperacillin were higher, with MICs for some strains of > 64 mg/liter and > 128 mg/liter, respectively. Polyphasic analysis of these strains, including morphological, biochemical, CFA composition, DNA-DNA hybridization, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and percent guanine-plus-cytosine (G+C) content analysis, demonstrated that these strains and Rhodobacter massiliensis represent a new genus, "Haematobacter" (proposed name), with the species H. missouriensis (type strain H1892(T) = CCUG 52307(T) = CIP 109176(T)) and H. massiliensis comb. nov. (type strain Framboise(T) = CCUG 47968(T) = CIP 107725(T)) and an unnamed genomospecies.
Helsel
Leta O
LO
Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Hollis
Dannie
D
Steigerwalt
Arnold G
AG
Morey
Roger E
RE
Jordan
Jean
J
Aye
Tin
T
Radosevic
Jon
J
Jannat-Khah
Deanna
D
Thiry
Dorothy
D
Lonsway
David R
DR
Patel
Jean B
JB
Daneshvar
Maryam I
MI
Levett
Paul N
PN
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology*; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D001483:Base Sequence; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry; D004798:Enzymes / Q000032:analysis; D004929:Esculin / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005780:Gelatin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009068:Movement; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D016992:Rhodobacter / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D041902:Rhodobacteraceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D013696:Temperature
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D004798:Enzymes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D004929:Esculin; D005780:Gelatin