title: Discordant expression of pro-B-type and pro-C-type natriuretic peptide in newborn infants of mothers with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Maternal diabetes increases the risk of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the fetus. As signaling via the C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) specific receptor protects against cardiac hypertrophy, we examined whether maternal type 1 diabetes affects the plasma concentrations of proCNP-derived peptides in newborn infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma concentrations of proCNP-derived peptides were measured in umbilical cord plasma and human placental tissue extracts using sequence-specific radioimmunoassays raised against N-terminal and C-terminal proCNP regions, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median proCNP concentrations were similar in umbilical cord plasma from pregnant women with and without type 1 diabetes (17 pmol/L vs. 19 pmol/L, P not significant) and did not correlate with the proBNP concentrations in the same samples. However, the molar ratio between the proCNP and the CNP peptide was increased in umbilical cord plasma compared to adult plasma (4.6 vs. 1.1), which parallels our earlier findings for proBNP and BNP peptides.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a discordant expression of CNP and BNP peptides in newborn infants of mothers with diabetes. Moreover, fetal metabolism of proCNP and CNP appears to differ from healthy adults. The precise mechanism underlying these differences warrants further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 9 Blegdamsvej, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mads
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nybo
authors.forename: Lars Bo
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Søren Junge
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindegaard
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Damm
authors.forename: Jens F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Rehfeld
authors.forename: Jens Peter
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Goetze
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry; D015870:Gene Expression; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D020098:Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D010920:Placenta / Q000737:chemistry / Q000601:surgery; D011247:Pregnancy; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D020098:Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type; D011498:Protein Precursors; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human