title: National survey on the susceptibility of Bacteroides fragilis group: report and analysis of trends in the United States from 1997 to 2004.
abstract: The susceptibility trends for the species of the Bacteroides fragilis group against various antibiotics from 1997 to 2004 were determined by using data for 5,225 isolates referred by 10 medical centers. The antibiotic test panel included ertapenem, imipenem, meropenem, ampicillin-sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoxitin, clindamycin, moxifloxacin, tigecycline, chloramphenicol, and metronidazole. From 1997 to 2004 there were decreases in the geometric mean (GM) MICs of imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, and cefoxitin for many of the species within the group. B. distasonis showed the highest rates of resistance to most of the beta-lactams. B. fragilis, B. ovatus, and B. thetaiotaomicron showed significantly higher GM MICs and rates of resistance to clindamycin over time. The rate of resistance to moxifloxacin of B. vulgatus was very high (MIC range for the 8-year study period, 38% to 66%). B. fragilis, B. ovatus, and B. distasonis and other Bacteroides spp. exhibited significant increases in the rates of resistance to moxifloxacin over the 8 years. Resistance rates and GM MICs for tigecycline were low and stable during the 5-year period over which this agent was studied. All isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol (MICs < 16 microg/ml). In 2002, one isolate resistant to metronidazole (MIC = 64 microg/ml) was noted. These data indicate changes in susceptibility over time; surprisingly, some antimicrobial agents are more active now than they were 5 years ago.
authors.affiliation: Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA. dsnydman@tufts-nemc.org
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Snydman
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Jacobus
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ruthazer
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Golan
authors.forename: E J C
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Finegold
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Harrell
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Hecht
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pierson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Venezia
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rihs
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gorbach
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000187:drug effects; D001441:Bacteroides fragilis / Q000187:drug effects*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents