title: Role of p21(WAF1) and p27(KIP1) in predicting biochemical recurrence for organ-confined prostate adenocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Both p21(WAF1) and p27(KIP1) have been reported as prognostic markers predicting biochemical failure for prostate cancers. We examined the expression and prognostic significance of p21(WAF1) and p27(KIP1) in organ-confined (pT2) prostate cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 53 pT2 prostate adenocarcinomas were analyzed retrospectively. Radical prostatectomy specimens were stained using anti-p21(WAF1) and anti-p27(KIP1) antibodies. Biochemical relapse was defined as 2 consecutive elevations in serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level > 0.2 ng/mL with an interval of more than 3 months. The prognostic significance of p21(WAF1) and p27(KIP1) expression was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  p21WAF1 immunoreactivity was found in 19 patients (35.8%). Twenty-nine tumors (54.7%) had decreased p27(KIP1) expression. Both markers were not associated with Gleason scores (p = 1.00 for both). At a median follow-up of 49 months, 15 patients (28.3%) experienced biochemical recurrence. Both p21 and p27 had no prognostic significance in log-rank test (p = 0.98 and p = 0.64, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  p21(WAF1) and p27(KIP1) expression have no role in predicting biochemical relapse for stage pT2 prostate cancers.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, and National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. tonywu@isca.vghks.gov.tw
authors.forename: Tony Tong-Lin
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jyh-Seng
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bang-Ping
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Jiaan
authors.forename: Chia-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jeng-Yu
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Jen-Tai
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jong-Khing
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000032:analysis*; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; C436291:CDKN1B protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen