title: Carbohydrate microarrays as tools in HIV glycobiology.
abstract: Progress in carbohydrate microarray technology has positioned the glycochip among the expanding set of biophysical tools available to researchers. Synthetically-derived glycochips unite established microarray techniques with the versatility and structural precision of synthetic carbohydrate chemistry. A comprehensive demonstration of carbohydrate microarrays is illustrated by the chip-based study of protein/carbohydrate and protein/glycoprotein interactions as they relate to HIV glycobiology. Composed of a series of high-mannose oligosaccharides, carbohydrate microarrays were prepared utilizing a covalent linking strategy to immobilize synthetically-defined glycans in a uniform orientation. In concert with a simple glycoprotein array, these microarrays were used to establish the individual and competitive binding profiles of five gp120 binding proteins--DC-SIGN, CD4, 2G12 cyanovirin-N, and scytovirin--and established the carbohydrate structural requirements for these interactions.
authors.affiliation: Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ratner
authors.forename: Peter H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Seeberger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D046228:Microarray Analysis / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D006023:Glycoproteins; D015483:HIV Antibodies