title: Can pretreatment CT perfusion predict response of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract treated with induction chemotherapy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Treatment of advanced stage squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract with nonsurgical organ preservation protocols demonstrates improved cure rates with fewer comorbidities compared with surgery and radiation. The purpose of this study was to prospectively assess whether pretreatment evaluation of the primary site with quantitative CT perfusion measurements predicted response to induction chemotherapy and to create a prediction model to predict the response to induction chemotherapy in future patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients who were enrolled in a prospective trial assessing surgical intervention versus a nonsurgical protocol underwent a pretreatment CT perfusion followed by direct laryngoscopy. After induction chemotherapy, tumor response was determined by the surgeon's estimate of tumor volume. The CT perfusion parameters were correlated with the clinical response using a Wilcoxon rank-sum analysis. A logistic regression model was used to create a prediction based on the most significant CT perfusion parameter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Elevated values of blood volume (P = .004) and blood flow (P = .03) were significantly correlated with >50% reduction in tumor volume after chemotherapy. A prediction model based on tumor blood volume demonstrated 91.7% sensitivity and 80.0% specificity, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.95.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our preliminary data imply that tumors with elevated blood volume and blood flow were statistically associated with response to induction chemotherapy. These results suggest that pretreatment CT perfusion may be able to identify patients who will successfully respond to induction chemotherapy, which could potentially eliminate this step for subsequent patients when deciding on the appropriate treatment regimen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich, USA. ajzima@umich.edu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zima
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carlos
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Case
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teknos
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mukherji
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004067:Digestive System Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents