title: CaTiO(3) coating on titanium for biomaterial application--optimum thickness and tissue response.
abstract: The objectives of this study were to determine the optimum thickness of a CaTiO(3) film for biomaterial applications and to investigate the biocompatibility and bone formation of titanium with a CaTiO(3) film. First, CaTiO(3) films of 10, 20, 30, and 50 nm in thickness were deposited on titanium substrates using radiofrequency magnetron sputtering followed by annealing at 873 K in air for 7.2 ks. The optimum thickness of the CaTiO(3) film for bone formation was determined by comparison with its performance regarding calcium phosphate formation in Hanks' balanced saline solution (HBSS). Regarding calcium phosphate formation, the performance of the specimen with a 50-nm-thick CaTiO(3) film was superior to those of specimens with other thicknesses. A titanium prism with a CaTiO(3) film of 50-nm in thickness was surgically inserted in both soft and hard rat tissues. The biocompatibility of CaTiO(3)-deposited titanium and bone formation on it was investigated by histological observations. A slight inflammatory reaction was observed around the titanium with the 50-nm-thick CaTiO(3) film, while no severe response, such as degeneration and necrosis, was observed in either soft or hard rat tissue. New bone formation on the titanium plate with the CaTiO(3) film was more active than that without the film. The 50-nm-thick CaTiO(3) film has biocompatibility and can facilitate new bone formation in vivo, and, consequently, it is an excellent surface modification method for biomaterial applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metallurgy, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan. nohtsu@imr.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: Naofumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohtsu
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yanagawa
authors.forename: Kesami
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohgo
authors.forename: Atsuro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asami
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D016348:Osseointegration; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012995:Solubility; D012996:Solutions; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D010087:Oxides; D012996:Solutions; C059910:perovskite; D012965:Sodium Chloride; C020243:calcium phosphate; D014025:Titanium