title: Impact of depression on disease-specific symptoms and quality of life in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Depression is associated with increased symptom burden in the setting of chronic medical conditions. Studies investigating the influence of depression on the symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are lacking. The purpose of this project was to establish the prevalence of depression in patients with CRS and to explore the impact of this disorder on disease-specific symptoms and general quality of life (QOL) in the preoperative and postoperative setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the records of 320 consecutive patients presenting with sinonasal symptoms to our specialty sinus clinic. Patients with CRS were evaluated by nasal endoscopy, CT imaging, and validated questionnaires including the Chronic Sinusitis Survey and SF-8 Health Survey, a QOL measurement. Findings in CRS patients with depression were compared with a matched-control group of CRS patients without depression before and after endoscopic sinus surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 26% of patients presenting with sinonasal symptoms had a diagnosis of depression. After evaluation including CT imaging, 33% of the initial population was diagnosed with CRS. The prevalence of depression in these CRS patients was 25%. Disease-specific symptoms were similar between groups; however, depressed CRS patients reported significantly worse pain and energy level and difficulty with daily activities (p < 0.050) when compared with a control group of CRS patients without depression. Postoperatively, nondepressed patients showed a marked improvement in disease-specific as well as general QOL scores (p < 0.050), whereas depressed patients did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CRS patients with and without depression have similarly poor disease-specific symptoms. However, depressed CRS patients have poorer disease-specific and overall QOL outcomes after sinus surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brandsted
authors.forename: Raj
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sindwani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery