title: Success in chess mediated by mental molds.
abstract: Research has revealed the impact of cognitive-affective strategies (Molds of the Mind) on subjective well-being, interpersonal relationships, or school achievement. However, it seems odd that such strategies could influence the success of chess players, because this game is usually considered to be influenced mainly by technical and cognitive skills. To examine the influence of cognitive-affective molds, 53 chess players, ages from 9 to 16 years old, enrolled in sport competitions, were assigned to two groups, high and low success. They responded to the MOLDES, designed to evaluate individuals' molds. The results show that the "Mental Molds" of the most successful players are more realistic, positive and regulators of the emotions, while the molds of the less successful players are more evasive, magical, defensive and inoperative.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Psychology, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain. phernan@ull.es
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hernández Hernández
authors.forename: Heriberto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Mateo
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D000339:Affect; D001290:Attitude; D002648:Child; D003163:Competitive Behavior; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010551:Personality; D010555:Personality Inventory; D010988:Play and Playthings / Q000523:psychology*; D013030:Spain; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013850:Thinking