title: The interface between borderline personality disorder and bipolar spectrum disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This review examines whether borderline personality disorder (BPD) should be considered part of the bipolar spectrum.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature review examined studies of co-occurrence, phenomenology, family prevalence, medication response, longitudinal course, and etiology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Borderline personality disorder and bipolar disorder co-occur, but their relationship is not consistent or specific. There are overlaps but important differences in phenomenology and in medication response. Family studies suggest clear distinctions, and it is unusual for BPD to evolve into bipolar disorder. Research is insufficient to establish whether these disorders have a common etiology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Existing data fail to support the conclusion that BPD and bipolar disorders exist on a spectrum but allows for the possibility of partially overlapping etiologies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Community and Family Psychiatry, SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3T 1E4. joel.paris@mcgill.ca
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paris
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gunderson
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Weinberg
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D018692:Antimanic Agents