title: Antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activities in vitro of Colombian Annonaceae.
abstract: Ethnobotanical and chemotaxonomical studies for antiparasitic activity of Colombian Annonaceae were carried out. In vitro antiprotozoal activity of 36 extracts obtained from six different species was determined against promastigotes of three Leishmania species, epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi and both chloroquine sensitive (F32) and resistant (W2) Plasmodium falciparum. Cytotoxic activity was evaluated in U-937 cells. Active extracts were selected according their selectivity index (SI). Extracts from Annona muricata, Rollinia exsucca, Rollinia pittieri and Xylopia aromatica were active against Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi showing IC50 values lower than 25 microg/ml. Hexane extract from Rollinia pittieri leaves was the most selective against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. (IS=10 and 16, respectively). The extracts from Desmopsis panamensis, Pseudomalmea boyacana, Rollinia exsucca and Rollinia pittieri showed good antiplasmodial activity (IC50 < 10 microg/ml). No correlation between antiplasmodial activity and inhibition of beta-hematin production was found. The present study gives specific and useful information about antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activities of some Annonaceae extracts. Results presented here also demonstrate which plants and/or plant parts could be useful in the treatment of leishmaniasis, Chagas' disease and malaria.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas (GISB), Facultad de Química Farmacéutica, Corporación de Patologías Tropicales, Universidad de Antioquia, A.A. 1226, Medellín, Colombia. josorio@farmacia.udea.edu.co
authors.forename: Edison
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Osorio
authors.forename: Gabriel Jaime
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Arango
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alzate
authors.forename: Grace
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Paco
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giménez
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Robledo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029061:Annonaceae; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002738:Chloroquine; D003105:Colombia; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007891:Leishmania / Q000187:drug effects; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000187:drug effects; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002738:Chloroquine