title: Effect of a two-month detraining on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in athletes--link to adrenal steroid hormones.
abstract: Reduction in physical activity has been demonstrated to associate with the increased risk in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. To determine whether alteration in insulinemia, due to abstention from regular exercise training, is associated with changes in serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and cortisol, 18 highly trained badminton players (21.2 +/- 0.3 years) were enrolled into a 2-month detraining study. Fasting serum insulin, glucose, DHEA-S, and cortisol were determined at trained state and at day 60 of detraining. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The 2-month detraining increased fasting glucose and insulin concentrations and body weight slightly, but did not significantly affect glucose tolerance and insulin response curve, in which 10 subjects had increased and 8 subjects had slightly decreased in the area under curve for insulin (IAUC). In the subjects with increased IAUC, serum cortisol was also elevated (from 0.44 +/- 0.07 to 0.83 +/- 0.26 U/l, P < 0.05) in parallel, and serum creatine kinase (CK) was unaltered during detraining. Whereas in the subjects with decreased IAUC, serum cortisol (from 0.51 +/- 0.19 to 0.54 +/- 0.14 U/l, no significance) was not changed and serum creatine kinase (from 461 +/- 179 to 151 +/- 21 U/l) was decreased during detraining. Two groups of detrained subjects exhibited a similar reduction in serum DHEA-S levels and slight elevation in body weight. The novel finding of the study is that the changes in serum cortisol, but not DHEA-S, were associated with the change in insulin sensitivity during early phase of lifestyle change from physically active to sedentary, and this response appears to be varied individually among athletes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Taipei Physical Education College, Taipei 105, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Pin-Tai
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: I-Tsun
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Chih-Yuan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chien-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Chung-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hsing-Hao
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Wei-Hsiang
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chia-Hua
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000302:Adrenal Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate / Q000097:blood*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008019:Life Style
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D006854:Hydrocortisone