title: Analysis of salvage operation in head and neck microsurgical reconstruction.
abstract: In this study, we examined salvage operations after reexploration in head and neck reconstruction and analyzed ways to solve problems. Free flap reconstruction of the head and neck lesion was carried out for 513 cases in our hospital over the past 12 years. Twenty-one cases of reexploration were caused by postoperative thrombosis (4.1%). We could only salvage seven cases (33.3%) of 21 cases from flap thrombosis. All seven cases were included in the category of venous thrombosis, and they were undertaken within 3 days postoperatively. Our results have shown that once thrombosis occurs, there is little possibility of flap salvage, particularly 3 days after operation and in infectious cases. When no flow phenomena are observed and no flap salvage is deemed possible, aggressive treatment such as a second free flap or next pedicle flap should be chosen as soon as possible to avoid any delay in postoperative treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Reconstructive Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan. ihyodo@aichi-cc.jp
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hyodo
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Hisakazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: Shuhei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Torii
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008441:Maxillary Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000098:blood supply; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery