title: Automated external defibrillators in Washington State high schools.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The placement of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in schools and public sporting venues is a growing national trend.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence and use of AEDs in Washington State high schools and to examine the existing emergency preparedness for sudden cardiac arrest (SCA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  High schools in Washington State.
  
  
  METHODS
  The principal at each high school in the Washington Interscholastic Activities Association (n = 407) was invited to complete a web-based questionnaire using the National Registry for AED Use in Sports (http://www.AEDSPORTS.com).
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary outcome measures studied included AED prevalence and location, funding for AEDs, AED training of school personnel, coordination of AED placement with local emergency response agencies, and prior AED use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  118 schools completed the survey (29% response rate). 64 (54%) of the schools have at least one AED on school grounds (mean 1.6, range 1-4). The likelihood of AED placement increased with larger school size (p = 0.044). 60% of AEDs were funded by donations, 27% by the school district and 11% by the school or athletic department itself. Coaches (78%) were the most likely to receive AED training, followed by administrators (72%), school nurses (70%) and teachers (48%). Only 25% of schools coordinated the implementation of AEDs with an outside medical agency and only 6% of schools coordinated with the local emergency medical system. One school reported having used an AED previously to treat SCA in a basketball official who survived after a single shock. The estimated probability of AED use to treat SCA was 1 in 154 schools per year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over half of Washington State high schools have an AED on school grounds. AED use occurred in <1% of schools annually and was effective in the treatment of SCA. Funding of AED programmes was mostly through private donations, with little coordination with local emergency response teams. Significant improvement is needed in structuring emergency response plans and training targeted rescuers for an SCA in the high-school setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
authors.forename: Justin D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Rothmier
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Drezner
authors.forename: Kimberly G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Harmon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D047548:Defibrillators / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006306:Health Surveys; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D012574:Schools; D013177:Sports; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014861:Washington