title: Midluteal phase Doppler assessment of uterine artery blood flow in nonpregnant women having a history of recurrent spontaneous abortions: correlation to different etiologies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the impedance to uterine artery blood flow, during the midluteal phase, in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) as compared to normal fertile controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study involving women with a history of RSA and fertile controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  University of Rome "Tor Vergata."
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred thirty women with RSA and 50 fertile controls referred for routine examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transvaginal Doppler examination of uterine arteries during the midluteal phase of untreated cycles.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mean pulsatility index (PI) of uterine arteries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Uterine arteries PI values in RSA patients (2.42 +/- 0.79) were significantly higher with respect to those found in the control group (2.08 +/- 0.47). When patients were grouped according to the different RSA causes, the highest PI values were found among patients with uterine abnormalities (2.82 +/- 1.0), antiphospholipid antibodies syndrome (2.70 +/- 1.1), and unexplained RSA (2.60 +/- 0.7). These values were significantly higher with respect to that found in the control group. No differences were observed in PI values between fertile patients and those with RSA due to thyroid abnormalities (2.10 +/- 0.55), inherited thrombophilia (2.03 +/- 0.45), autoimmune pathology (2.34 +/- 1.18), and genetic anomalies (2.47 +/- 0.54). Similar results were observed when patients were grouped according to primary and secondary RSA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased resistance to uterine blood flow may be an important contributing factor to some causes of RSA and may represent an independent indication of the risk of pregnancy loss.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy. nlazzarin@tiscali.it <nlazzarin@tiscali.it>
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lazzarin
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vaquero
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Exacoustos
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Romanini
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amadio
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arduini
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001158:Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D003338:Corpus Luteum; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D012016:Reference Values; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D014599:Uterus / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging