title: Increased serum adenosine deaminase activity in schizophrenic receiving antipsychotic treatment.
abstract: Adenosine is an important modulator of the nervous system that has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. We studied peripheral adenosine metabolism by determining the activity of serum adenosine deaminase, which converts adenosine into inosine, and 5'-nucleotidase, which converts AMP into adenosine, in 26 DSM-IV male schizophrenic patients under antipsychotic monotherapy and 26 healthy volunteers balanced for age and race. Schizophrenic patients treated either with typical antipsychotics or clozapine showed increased serum adenosine deaminase activity compared to controls (controls=18.96+/-4.61 U/l; typical=25.09+/-10.98 U/l; clozapine=30.32+/-10.83 U/l; p<0.05, ANOVA) and 5'-nucleotidase activity was also increased in patients on clozapine. After adjusting for confounding factors, adenosine deaminase, but not 5'-nucleotidase, alterations remained significant particularly in the clozapine group. This result suggests that either altered adenosine metabolism is present in schizophrenic patients or is influenced by treatment with antipsychotics, particularly clozapine.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatria, HCPA, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Brunstein
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schenkel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Belmonte-de-Abreu
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Lara
mesh_terms: D015720:5'-Nucleotidase / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D000241:Adenosine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003024:Clozapine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D015720:5'-Nucleotidase; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase; D003024:Clozapine; D000241:Adenosine