title: Substrate specificity and products of side-reactions catalyzed by jasmonate:amino acid synthetase (JAR1).
abstract: Jasmonate:amino acid synthetase (JAR1) is involved in the function of jasmonic acid (JA) as a plant hormone. It catalyzes the synthesis of several JA-amido conjugates, the most important of which appears to be JA-Ile. Structurally, JAR1 is a member of the firefly luciferase superfamily that comprises enzymes that adenylate various organic acids. This study analyzed the substrate specificity of recombinant JAR1 and determined whether it catalyzes the synthesis of mono- and dinucleoside polyphosphates, which are side-reaction products of many enzymes forming acyl approximately adenylates. Among different oxylipins tested as mixed stereoisomers for substrate activity with JAR1, the highest rate of conversion to Ile-conjugates was observed for (+/-)-JA and 9,10-dihydro-JA, while the rate of conjugation with 12-hydroxy-JA and OPC-4 (3-oxo-2-(2Z-pentenyl)cyclopentane-1-butyric acid) was only about 1-2% that for (+/-)-JA. Of the two stereoisomers of JA, (-)-JA and (+)-JA, rate of synthesis of the former was about 100-fold faster than for (+)-JA. Finally, we have demonstrated that (1) in the presence of ATP, Mg(2+), (-)-JA and tripolyphosphate the ligase produces adenosine 5'-tetraphosphate (p(4)A); (2) addition of isoleucine to that mixture halts the p(4)A synthesis; (3) the enzyme produces neither diadenosine triphosphate (Ap(3)A) nor diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap(4)A) and (4) Ap(4)A cannot substitute ATP as a source of adenylate in the complete reaction that yields JA-Ile.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guranowski
authors.forename: Otto
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Miersch
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Staswick
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Suza
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wasternack
mesh_terms: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D054883:Oxylipins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D010453:Peptide Synthases
chemical_list: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases; D054883:Oxylipins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C011006:jasmonic acid; C412831:AT2G46370 protein, Arabidopsis; D010453:Peptide Synthases