title: Sepiapterin reductase expression is increased in Parkinson's disease brain tissue.
abstract: The PARK3 locus on chromosome 2p13 has shown linkage to both the development and age of onset of Parkinson's disease (PD). One candidate gene at this locus is sepiapterin reductase (SPR). Sepiapterin reductase catalyzes the final step in the biosynthetic pathway of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)), an essential cofactor for aromatic amino acid hydrolases including tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis. The expression of SPR was assayed using semiquantitative real-time RT-PCR in human post-mortem cerebellar tissue from neuropathologically confirmed PD cases and neurologically normal controls. The expression of other enzymes involved in BH(4) biosynthesis, including aldose reductase (AKR1B1), carbonyl reductase (CBR1 and CBR3), GTP-cyclohydrolase I (GCH1), and 6-pyruvoyltetrahydrobiopterin (PTS), was also examined. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms around the SPR gene that have been previously reported to show association to PD affection and onset age were genotyped in these samples. Expression of SPR showed a significant 4-fold increase in PD cases relative to controls, while the expression of AKR1B1 and PTS was significantly decreased in PD cases. No difference in expression was detected for CBR1, CBR3, and GCH1. Genetic variants did not show a significant effect on SPR expression, however, this is likely due to the low frequency of rare genotypes in the sample. While the association of SPR to PD is not strong enough to support that this is the PARK3 gene, this study further implicates a role for SPR in idiopathic PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA. jetobin@bu.edu
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Tobin
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Jemma B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Wilk
authors.forename: Jeanne C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Latourelle
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Laramie
authors.forename: Ann C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: McKee
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guttman
authors.forename: Samer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karamohamed
authors.forename: Anita L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: DeStefano
authors.forename: Richard H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Myers
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000378:metabolism*; D001708:Biopterins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D006136:GTP Cyclohydrolase / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D019761:Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases / Q000378:metabolism*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D001708:Biopterins; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C022630:sepiapterin reductase; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; D006136:GTP Cyclohydrolase; D019761:Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases; C043497:6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase; C003402:sapropterin