title: Hyperforin blocks neutrophil activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9, motility and recruitment, and restrains inflammation-triggered angiogenesis and lung fibrosis.
abstract: Hyperforin (Hyp), a polyphenol-derivative of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum), has emerged as key player not only in the antidepressant activity of the plant but also as an inhibitor of bacteria lymphocyte and tumor cell proliferation, and matrix proteinases. We tested whether as well as inhibiting leukocyte elastase (LE) activity, Hyp might be effective in containing both polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) leukocyte recruitment and unfavorable eventual tissue responses. The results show that, without affecting in vitro human PMN viability and chemokine-receptor expression, Hyp (as stable dicyclohexylammonium salt) was able to inhibit in a dose-dependent manner their chemotaxis and chemoinvasion (IC50=1 microM for both); this effect was associated with a reduced expression of the adhesion molecule CD11b by formyl-Met-Leu-Phe-stimulated neutrophils and block of LE-triggered activation of the gelatinase matrix metalloproteinase-9. PMN-triggered angiogenesis is also blocked by both local injection and daily i.p. administration of the Hyp salt in an interleukin-8-induced murine model. Furthermore, i.p. treatment with Hyp reduces acute PMN recruitment and enhances resolution in a pulmonary bleomycin-induced inflammation model, significantly reducing consequent fibrosis. These results indicate that Hyp is a powerful anti-inflammatory compound with therapeutic potential, and they elucidate mechanistic keys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedical Sciences, Medical School, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dell'Aica
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Niero
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Piazza
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cabrelle
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sartor
authors.forename: Cristiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Colalto
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brunetta
authors.forename: Girieca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lorusso
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Benelli
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Albini
authors.forename: Fiorella
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Calabrese
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Agostini
authors.forename: Spiridione
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garbisa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects; D003514:Cyclohexylamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010696:Phloroglucinol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; D003514:Cyclohexylamines; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D013729:Terpenes; C011769:dicyclohexylamine; D010696:Phloroglucinol; C001654:hyperforin