title: [Incidence of pneumonia in HIV-infected patients in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is scant data comparing the incidence of pneumonia in the community and in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) population in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study during 18 months. Data were obtained by the means of the electronic clinical record. Incidence rate was compared between HIV positive and negative patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 529 pneumonia episodes in global population (n = 220,000), 1.6 cases/1000 person-year. HIV-infected patients (n = 170) suffered 12 episodes of pneumonia; 46 cases/1000 person-year (relative risk = 29.3, 95% confidence interval, 16.34-51.4; p < 0.01). HIV infected patients with pneumonia have a lower CD4 count (mean 434 versus 230 cells/ml; p = 0.04), higher viral load (4.1 versus 3.2 log copies/ml; p = 0.07) and received antiretroviral treatment in a similar proportion compared to HIV without pneumonia (62 versus a 66.7%, p = 0.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pneumonia in HIV infected patients may be about 30 times more frequent than general population in HAART era. Prevention measures should be reinforced.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Fundación Hospital Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, España. mvelasco@fhalcorcon.es
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Velasco Arribas
authors.forename: José Angel
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Satué Bartolomé
authors.forename: Juan Emilio
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Losa García
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espinosa Gimeno
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delgado-Iribarren
authors.forename: Virgilio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Castilla Castellano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies