title: Compensatory and mimetic conditioned responses to effects of heroin in addicted persons.
abstract: Study 1: The aim of this study was to analyze in persons detoxified of heroin, compensatory conditioned responses (CCRs) that are opposite to the unconditioned physiological, and subjective effects that are induced by this substance. The procedure consisted in presenting slides with images of neutral stimuli (NSs) and conditioned stimuli (CSs) of heroin to both non-addicted and detoxified addicted persons. The evaluated responses were heart rate (HR) and desire for heroin (DH). Study 2: The aim was to facilitate the emission of mimetic conditioned responses (MCRs) to the unconditioned physiological, and subjective effects of heroin in detoxified heroin addicts. Three different stimulus series were manipulated: SA, during which the participant remained alone; SB, administration of a needle prick given by the researcher; SC, performance of the "pump" ritual without drug by the participants. The responses measured were HR and DH. The results of both studies are considered, respectively, to be indicators of compensatory and mimetic conditioned responses.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Psicología, University of Granada, Spain. humberto@ugr.es
authors.forename: Humberto M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Trujillo
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oviedo-Joekes
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vargas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000502:physiology; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006184:Habits; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D003932:Heroin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D009339:Needles; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D011677:Punctures / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications; D013594:Syringes
chemical_list: D003932:Heroin