title: Results of a phase I clinical study using dendritic cell vaccinations for thyroid cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the feasibility and efficacy of dendritic cell (DC) therapy for advanced thyroid papillary and follicular cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six Japanese patients (2 men and 4 women; aged 46-72 years, mean 60 years), who were diagnosed as advanced thyroid cancer with refractory distant metastases (papillary, n=5; follicular, n=1), were enrolled. Patients were first vaccinated weekly for 4 weeks with 10(7) autologous tumor lysate-pulsed monocyte-derived mature DCs followed by fortnightly vaccinations for 8 weeks (total=8 vaccinations). Lowdose (350 KIU) interleukin-2 was also administered for 3 days at each vaccination. Clinical response, adverse effects, delayed-type hypersensitivity skin testing (DTH), and IFN-( ) production by peripheral CD3(+) lymphocytes were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 6 patients, disease was assessed as stable in 2 and as progressive in 4. No adverse events were observed. Results of DTH and IFN-( ) production in peripheral lymphocytes did not correlate to the clinical response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DC immunotherapy could be administered to patients with thyroid papillary or follicular cancer without substantial side effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Medical Science, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.forename: Toshihide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishishita
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morishita
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oyaizu
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanematsu
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Obara
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaminishi
authors.forename: Kimitaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaga
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Amino
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitaoka
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyauchi
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchimaru
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akagawa
authors.forename: Nobukazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Tsuneo A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inazawa
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakaoka
authors.forename: Naohide
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D018265:Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular / Q000276:immunology / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines