title: Frequency, etiology, treatment, and outcomes of drug-eluting stent thrombosis during one year of follow-up.
abstract: Drug-eluting stents (DESs) exhibit delayed endothelialization compared with bare metal stents. Adverse late vessel wall remodeling and inflammation have also been attributed to the drug/polymer coating. Recent registry data suggesting increased risk of DES thrombosis in routine clinical practice compared with previous clinical trial experience has led to concerns regarding long-term safety of these devices. We sought to determine the frequency, etiology, and clinical outcomes of stent thrombosis over 1 year in a large patient cohort treated with coronary DESs. Consecutive patients (n = 1,213) who received >or=1 DES between April 2003 and June 2004 at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, Minnesota) were identified. Medical records pertaining to all deaths, major adverse cardiac events, and/or repeat coronary angiograms after DES placement were evaluated to identify cases of stent thrombosis. Mean follow-up was 12 months. Eleven cases (0.9%, 95% confidence interval 0.4 to 1.3) of stent thrombosis were identified; 4 were acute (<24 hours), 5 were subacute (<30 days), and 2 were late (30 days to 1 year). Normal flow was successfully restored in 7 of 8 cases where this was attempted. There were 10 myocardial infarctions and 2 deaths attributable to stent thrombosis. Eight patients were still alive at 1 year after developing stent thrombosis. In conclusion, early clinical experience with DESs in routine clinical practice indicates a low risk of stent thrombosis, within the range previously reported for bare metal stent thrombosis. Further studies with longer follow-up will be required to definitively address long-term safety concerns.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Gurpreet
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sandhu
authors.forename: Brendan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Doyle
authors.forename: Ripudamanjit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bresnahan
authors.forename: Verghese
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lerman
authors.forename: Charanjit
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rihal
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible