Atovaquone-proguanil: report from the CDC expert meeting on malaria chemoprophylaxis (II).
The fixed dose combination of atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride, marketed under the trade name Malarone, is the most recently approved agent in North America for the prevention and treatment of chloroquine- and multi-drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. In both adult and pediatric populations, atovaquone-proguanil demonstrates consistently high protective efficacy against P. falciparum, and in treatment trials, cure rates exceed 93%. Only a handful of genetically confirmed treatment failures have been reported to date. Atovaquone-proguanil has an excellent safety profile during both prophylaxis and treatment courses, with severe adverse events rarely reported. This topical review will examine the evidence behind the current indications for use of atovaquone-proguanil, and will summarize the current body of literature surrounding safety and tolerability.
Boggild
Andrea K
AK
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. andrea.boggild@utoronto.ca
Parise
Monica E
ME
Lewis
Linda S
LS
Kain
Kevin C
KC
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053626:Atovaquone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000254:growth & development*; D011247:Pregnancy; D002727:Proguanil / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014195:Travel
D000962:Antimalarials; D004338:Drug Combinations; C109496:atovaquone, proguanil drug combination; D002727:Proguanil; D053626:Atovaquone