title: Survival analysis of 130 patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma: prognostic utility of type 1 and type 2 subclassification.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prognostic significance of subtyping papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) into type 1 and type 2 tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1995 to 2004, 1358 patients underwent surgery for renal cell carcinoma, of whom 130 had PRCC alone on the specimen. The tumor characteristics, including their subtype, were analyzed; small basophilic cells and large eosinophilic cells were defined type 1 and type 2 tumors, respectively. Survival analyses were performed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 130 patients (110 men and 20 women, mean age 60.6 +/- 15.3 years) with PRCC, 102 underwent radical nephrectomy (78.4%) and 28 underwent partial nephrectomy (21.6%). The median tumor size was 4.5 cm (range 0.5 to 21). The comparison of the 68 (52.3%) type 1 PRCCs and 62 (47.7%) type 2 PRCCs revealed that type 2 tumors were associated with a greater stage and grade and microvascular invasion significantly (P <0.001) more often. The median follow-up was 48 months (range 2 to 111). Of the 130 patients, 22 died of cancer-specific causes, 5 (7%) with type 1 and 17 (27%) with type 2 tumors (P = 0.002). The overall and disease-free survival rate was 89% and 92% in type 1 tumors and 55% and 44% in type 2 tumors, respectively. Univariate analysis identified tumor type, stage (P <0.001), grade (P <0.001), microvascular invasion (P <0.001), an absence of foam cells (P <0.001), the presence of sarcomatoid cells (P = 0.001), and tumor necrosis (P = 0.007) as prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis retained tumor type (P = 0.034) and TNM stage (P <0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study have shown that histologic subtyping of PRCC allows for the identification of an independent prognostic factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Université Paris-Descartes Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Géraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pignot
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Elie
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Conquy
authors.forename: Annick
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vieillefond
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Flam
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zerbib
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Debré
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Amsellem-Ouazana
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000145:classification / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis