title: Treatment of Staphylococcus epidermidis central vascular catheter infection with 70% ethanol locks: efficacy in a sheep model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether a single treatment with ethanol/water (70:30) will sterilize infected vascular catheters.
  
  
  METHODS
  A double-blinded, block-randomized trial was conducted in a sheep model comparing the efficacy of one 3 h treatment with ethanol/water (70:30) with heparinized saline for treatment of Hickman vascular catheters infected with Staphylococcus epidermidis. Catheters were cultured using endoluminal brushes, blood cultures, roll plates of catheter tip, broth flushed through the catheter and hub swabs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significantly more sterile catheters in the ethanol treatment group than the saline treatment group (9/11 versus 0/11, P < 0.01, McNemar's chi(2) test). The median number of positive cultures in the ethanol treatment group was less than in the saline treatment group (0 versus 5, P = 0.009, Wilcoxon signed-rank test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single treatment of 70% ethanol is effective and clinical trials are warranted for treatment of infected vascular catheters using this regimen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, Christchurch, New Zealand. steve.chambers@cdhb.govt.nz
authors.forename: Stephen T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Chambers
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pithie
authors.forename: Katrina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Charles
authors.forename: Lois
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Seaward
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001769:Blood / Q000382:microbiology; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous; D000431:Ethanol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D012756:Sheep; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis; D013242:Sterilization
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D000431:Ethanol