title: Adjuvant effect of green propolis on humoral immune response of bovines immunized with bovine herpesvirus type 5.
abstract: Despite recent technological advances in vaccine production, most vaccines depend on the association with adjuvant substances. In this study, propolis, which has been attracting the attention of researchers due to its bioactive properties, was evaluated as an immunological adjuvant. The association of 40mg/dose of an ethanolic extract of green propolis with an inactivated oil vaccine against bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5), resulted in a significant increase (P<0.01) in the neutralizing antibody levels, comparing to the bovines that received the same vaccine without propolis. Besides, propolis increased the percentage of animals with high antibody titers (above 32). Phenolic compounds such as artepillin C (3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid) and the derivatives of cinnamic acid besides other flavonoid substances were abundant in the propolis extract used, and they could be the main substances with adjuvant action. The effect of the green propolis extract on the humoral immune response can be exploited in the development of new vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 354, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. geferson.fischer@gmail.com
authors.forename: Geferson
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Marlete Brum
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Cleff
authors.forename: Luana Alves
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Dummer
authors.forename: Niraldo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Paulino
authors.forename: Amarílis Scremin
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Paulino
authors.forename: Camila
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Oliveira Vilela
authors.forename: Fabrício Souza
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: Tiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Storch
authors.forename: Gilberto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Avila Vargas
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Oliveira Hübner
authors.forename: Telmo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vidor
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D025881:Herpesvirus 5, Bovine / Q000276:immunology*; D022283:Herpesvirus Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D008590:Meningoencephalitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D009500:Neutralization Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D011429:Propolis / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D022283:Herpesvirus Vaccines; D011429:Propolis