Metabolic syndrome: pathogenesis, medical care and dental implications.
BACKGROUND
The dental literature contains little information about metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its dental implications.


METHODS
The authors conducted a MEDLINE search for the period 2000 through 2005, using the term "metabolic syndrome" to define its pathophysiology, medical treatment and dental implications.


RESULTS
MetS is the co-occurrence of abdominal obesity, hyper-triglyceridemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, hypertension and impaired fasting glucose, which results from consumption of a high-calorie diet and decreased levels of physical activity superimposed on the appropriate genetic setting. Components of MetS synergistically promote the development of atherosclerosis, resulting in myocardial infarction and stroke.


CONCLUSIONS
Deteriorating oral health status is associated with worsening of the atherogenic profile. Tooth loss often results in chewing difficulties because of inadequate occlusive surfaces and may lead to alterations in food selection and dietary quality. This, in turn, adversely affects body composition and nutritional status, both of which are related to vascular health. Dentists should develop treatment plans that preserve and restore the dentition, thus ensuring maximum masticatory efficiency and affording patients the optimum opportunity to consume food that will not foster atherogenesis.
Friedlander
Arthur H
AH
Graduate Medical Education, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA. arthur.friedlander@med.va.gov
Weinreb
Jane
J
Friedlander
Ida
I
Yagiela
John A
JA
D050153:Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001067:Appetite Depressants / Q000009:adverse effects; D017742:Dental Care for Chronically Ill; D004035:Diet Therapy; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D009765:Obesity / Q000628:therapy; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D001067:Appetite Depressants; D005227:Fatty Acids