title: Avoiding calcineurin inhibitors in the early post-operative course in high-risk liver transplant recipients: The role of extracorporeal photopheresis.
abstract: The aim of this work is to report on the results of a single-center, prospective study on the feasibility of calcineurin-inhibitor (CNI)-staggered immunosuppression by use of extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) in liver transplant (LT) recipients at risk of renal and neurological complications. Patients were matched on a 1:1 basis with historical controls on standard CNI immunosuppression. ECP patients were treated with ECP plus antimetabolites and/or steroids, while CNIs were withheld until clinically indicated. Thirty-six patients were evaluated: 18 ECP patients and 18 controls. ECP was tolerated in 100% of cases. CNI were introduced at a median of 8 days (4-55) in 17 ECP patients, while one patient was on a fully CNI-sparing regimen 22 months after LT. Acute rejection occurred in 27.7% patients in ECP (5/18) versus 16.7% in controls (3/18) (P = ns) with a shorter time to rejection in ECP (36 +/- 31.3 days vs. 83.6 +/- 65.6 days; P = ns). All rejection episodes were amenable to medical treatment. Neurological and renal complications occurred in 22.2% (4/18) of patients in either group, but led to in-hospital mortality in 3 patients among controls versus 1 in ECP (P = ns). One-, 6-, and 12-month survival rates were 94.4, 88.1, and 88.1% in ECP versus 94.4, 77.7, and 72.2% among controls (P < 0.0001). ECP seems to allow for management of high-risk LT recipients in the early post-transplant course and reduction of CNI-related mortality. Continued data validation is favored to assess the impact of ECP on long-term graft and patient survival.
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Ospedale Cisanello, Pisa, Italy. l.urbani@ao-pisa.toscana.it
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Urbani
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazzoni
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Simone
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Coletti
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petruccelli
authors.forename: Gianni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biancofiore
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bindi
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scatena
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Filipponi
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017893:Photopheresis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents