title: Inhibitory effect of Artemisia capillaris extract on cytokine-induced nitric oxide formation and cytotoxicity of RINm5F cells.
abstract: Cytokines produced by immune cells infiltrating pancreatic islets are important mediators of beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Cytokines stimulate an inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) production, leading to insulin insufficiency. In the present study, the effects of Artemisia capillaris extract (ACE) on cytokine-induced beta-cell damage were examined. Treatment of RINm5F (RIN) rat insulinoma cells with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) induced cell damage. ACE completely protected IL-1beta and IFN-gamma-mediated cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner. Incubation with ACE resulted in a significant reduction in IL-1beta and IFN-gamma-induced NO production, a finding that correlated well with reduced levels of the iNOS mRNA and protein. The molecular mechanism by which ACE inhibited iNOS gene expression appeared to involve the inhibition of NF-kappaB activation. The IL-1beta and IFN-gamma-stimulated RIN cells showed increases in NF-kappaB binding activity and p65 subunit levels in the nucleus, and IkappaBalpha degradation in cytosol compared to unstimulated cells. Furthermore, ACE restored the cytokine-induced inhibition of insulin release from isolated islets. These results suggest that ACE protects beta-cells by suppressing NF-kappaB activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk 561-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Kyung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kang-Beom
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Mi-Jeong
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Mi-Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Ji-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Ki-Bang
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Do-Gon
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Kang-San
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin-Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Byung-Hyun
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019306:Artemisia / Q000378:metabolism*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II