title: Cost-effectiveness of treatments for temporomandibular disorders: biopsychosocial intervention versus treatment as usual.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors conducted a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a biopsychosocial intervention with patients who are at high risk (HR) of progressing from acute to chronic TMD-related pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors classified 96 patients with acute TMD (less than six months' duration) as HR according to a predictive algorithm and randomized them into an early intervention (EI) or a nonintervention (NI) group. The NI group received a biopsychosocial treatment that included cognitive behavioral skills training and biofeedback. Both groups were followed up for one year. The authors collected TMD cost data throughout the year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The authors found that the EI group spent significantly fewer jaw-related health care dollars, relative to the NI group, from intake to the one-year follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reduced jaw-related health care expenditures for patients in the EI group compared with expenditures for patients in the NI group at one year suggest that an early biopsychosocial intervention is a cost-effective measure in dealing with often unnecessarily costly TMD-related pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, The Eugene McDermott Center for Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390-9189, USA. anna.stowell@utsouthwestern.edu
authors.forename: Anna Wright
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Stowell
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Gatchel
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wildenstein
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000191:economics*; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000191:economics* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005102:Health Expenditures; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000191:economics* / Q000628:therapy*