title: The circulatory responses to tracheal intubation in children: a comparison of the oral and nasal routes.
abstract: The circulatory responses to laryngoscopic tracheal intubation in 62 healthy children undergoing surgery requiring tracheal intubation were studied. They were randomly assigned to receive either the oral or nasal route for intubation. Baseline non-invasive blood pressure and heart rate were recorded following induction of anaesthesia, at intubation and then every minute for 5 min. The percentage changes of systolic blood pressure and heart rate during the measurement period were calculated. The results demonstrated that intubation time was significantly longer in the nasal group. Both oral and nasal intubation caused significant increases in blood pressure and heart rate compared to baseline and postinduction values. However, there were no significant differences found between the two groups in relation to blood pressure and heart rate. The two groups were similar with respect to the percentage changes of systolic blood pressure and heart rate during the observation period. It is concluded that oral and nasal intubation using a direct laryngoscopy can result in a similar circulatory response in anaesthetised children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaethesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Ba-Da-chu Road, Shi-Jing-shan District Beijing, People's Republic of China 100041. fruitxue@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Q Y
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000379:methods*; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth; D009296:Nasal Cavity