title: The humerus is the best place for bone lengthening.
abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of lengthening the humerus in children and young adults. Between 1984 and 2005, the Orthopaedic Department of Semmelweis University elongated 11 humeri (ten patients) for reasons of congenital hypoplasia (four cases), osteomyelitis (three cases), epiphyseolysis, growth plate closure after irradiation and obstetrical paralysis (one case each). The study cohort consisted of five females and five males, with an average age at the time of surgery of 17.8 years (range: 12-31 years). In every case, the lengthening was performed with a unilateral Wagner fixator. The lengthening protocol was 1 mm distraction daily (callotasis) after a 7-day latency period. The fixator was removed after total bone healing. Plate fixation or bone transplantation was not used. The average rate of lengthening was 6.2 cm (4.5-10.5 cm), and the achieved lengthening was 27% (range: 16-44%). The average healing index was 32 day/cm. One patient who suffered from temporary radial paresis, and temporary flexion contracture of the elbow was regarded as a complication following placement of the fixator. Based on our results, humeral shortening can effectively be treated with the unilateral Wagner fixator. The main difference between the original Wagner method and our approach is that we were able to leave the fixator in the humerus until total bony reconstruction so there was no need for plate fixation or bone transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University of Budapest, Budapest, 27 Karolina street, 1113, Hungary. kisssan@freemail.hu
authors.forename: Sándor
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.forename: Károly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pap
authors.forename: Tibor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vízkelety
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terebessy
authors.forename: Mária
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balla
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Szoke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001852:Bone Lengthening / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004839:Epiphyses, Slipped / Q000601:surgery; D016267:External Fixators; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006811:Humerus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome