title: Bioaccumulation and ROS generation in liver of Carassius auratus, exposed to phenanthrene.
abstract: In the present study, the bioaccumulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were studied after fish (Carassius auratus) were exposed to different concentrations (0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.1 mg/L) of phenanthrene for 4 days. The accumulation of phenanthrene in liver increased with the exposure concentration (R(2)=0.88). A secondary spin trapping technique was used followed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis, to study the ROS production. The ROS generated in fish liver after exposure to phenanthrene was identified as hydroxyl radical ((*)OH). The (*)OH signal intensity of the EPR spectrum showed a significant increase (p<0.05) compared to the control when the phenanthrene concentration was as low as 0.05 mg/L. A good positive relationship (R(2)=0.97) was found between the (*)OH formation and exposure concentrations. The changes of the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and contents of reduced glutathione (GSH) also were detected. The results clearly indicated that phenanthrene could induce (*)OH generation and result in oxidative stress in liver of fish.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Haixia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xiaorong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jichun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yuqun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006054:Goldfish / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C029217:phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone; C031181:phenanthrene; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione