title: Chemotherapy induced reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome.
abstract: The reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLES) is a condition characterised by reversible neurological and radiological findings that has been associated with use of immunosuppressive, chemotherapeutic and more recently novel targeted therapies. We describe the case of a 50-year-old woman with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who developed status epilepticus shortly after receiving cisplatin and gemcitabine chemotherapy. The clinical, radiological and EEG findings during and post event are presented and are in keeping with a diagnosis of RPLES. Early recognition of this rare syndrome, supportive management and withdrawal of the offending agent appear to result in a reversal of the manifestations described.
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Clinical & Molecular Oncology, Trinity College Dublin & St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland. roisinconnolly@gmail.com
authors.forename: Roisin M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.forename: Colin P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Doherty
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beddy
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: O'Byrne
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007968:Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D008875:Middle Aged; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases / Q000009:adverse effects; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases; D002945:Cisplatin; D000093542:Gemcitabine