title: Effects of the Chinese prescription Kangen-karyu and its crude drug Tanjin on ageing process in rats.
abstract: The effects of the Chinese prescription Kangen-karyu and its crude drug Tanjin on the ageing process were investigated in rats. Diets supplemented with Kangen-karyu and Tanjin extracts decreased glycosylated protein levels in serum, a risk marker of ageing and ageing-related diseases. In addition, they inhibited the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance in the serum and liver; Kangen-karyu in particular led to a strong decrease in hepatic mitochondrial thiobarbituric acid reactive substance. The decline in the reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio in the liver observed with ageing was ameliorated by Kangen-karyu and Tanjin, while these groups attenuated the increase in glutathione peroxidase activity of hepatic tissue against ageing. This suggests that Kangen-karyu and Tanjin regulate the glutathione redox cycle that maintains the cellular redox condition against age-related oxidative stress. Moreover, the overexpression of cytoplasmic cytochrome c observed with ageing was attenuated by Kangen-karyu and Tanjin. This provides new evidence that Kangen-karyu and Tanjin inhibit leakage of superoxide in mitochondria and attenuate cellular oxidative damage. Furthermore, Kangen-karyu and Tanjin would maintain mitochondrial function with ageing through the regulation of related protein expression such as bax and bcl-2 proteins. In addition, Kangen-karyu reduced the expression of nuclear factor kappa B; Kangen-karyu and Tanjin did not affect the expression of inhibitor kappa B. The present study demonstrated that Kangenkaryu prevented oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction with ageing. Furthermore, Kangen-karyu showed a stronger protective effect against ageing by oxidative stress than Tanjin, probably through synergistic and/or additive effects.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan. yokozawa@inm.u-toyama.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokozawa
authors.forename: Eun Ju
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sei
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006031:Glycosylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C468270:Kangen-karyu; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; C521767:Tanjin extract; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D045304:Cytochromes c; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496513:Ptgs1 protein, rat; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D005978:Glutathione; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide