title: [Conductive bone substitute material with variable antibiotic delivery].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A new bone substitute, consisting of hydroxylapatite and calcium sulphate, was prepared in two formulations and analysed for its mechanical strength and antibiotic elution.
  
  
  METHODS
  The bone substitute PerOssal has osteoconductive and degradable properties. The material has a built-in capillary structure, which results in an immediate fluid uptake. Antibiotics absorbed to the bone substitute resulted in a prolonged release rate. Mechanical strength was investigated by an unconfined compression test up to failure under both wet and dry conditions for both formulations of the bone substitute. Antibiotic release was analysed microbiologically for two antibiotics, vancomycin and gentamicin, over an elution period of 10 days using the agar diffusion method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The drug release analysis resulted in a prolonged release rate of both antibiotics over 10 days. In vitro the amount of gentamicin and vancomycin eluted at day 10. From one pellet still exceeded the minimal inhibitory concentration of most aetiologically important pathogens. Formulation two of the present bone substitute is significantly harder in both wet and dry conditions when compared to formulation one. Both formulations lose strength in the wet condition relative to their performance in the dry condition. However, formulation two is as hard under wet conditions as formulation one is when dry.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PerOssal is a suitable new degradable osteoconductive bone substitute that can be loaded with antibiotic solutions, which are released in effective doses over 10 days. The mechanical strength of PerOssal is sufficient to support cancellous bone defects in non-weight-bearing areas or in combination with osteosynthesis.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Unfallchirurgie, Klinikum der Universität, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany. Carsten.Englert@klinik.uni-regensburg.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Englert
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Angele
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fierlbeck
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dendorfer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lienhard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zellner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nerlich
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neumann
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000042:Absorption; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry*; D019245:Compressive Strength; D004058:Diffusion; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D004343:Drug Implants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006244:Hardness; D008422:Materials Testing; D016348:Osseointegration; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004343:Drug Implants; D017886:Durapatite; D002133:Calcium Sulfate