title: Angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2 and tie-2 in the coronary circulation of patients with and without coronary collateral vessels.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of the angiopoietin (Ang)/Tie-2 system in coronary collateral growth is not well understood, so the purpose of this study was to investigate and elucidate the relationship of this system to coronary collateral formation in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-nine patients with CAD were recruited. Blood samples from the left ventricle (LV) and coronary sinus (CS) were obtained during cardiac catheterization, and serum concentrations of Ang-1, Ang-2, and Tie-2 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients were then classified as mild CAD (n=30), defined as </=90% stenosis of the coronary arterial luminal diameter, or severe CAD (n=29), which was total (or near total) coronary occlusion requiring coronary collateral growth. Ang-1, Ang-2, and Tie-2 in the LV and CS sera were not significantly different between groups. In the severe CAD group, spillover of Tie-2 (CS-LV value) from the coronary circulation was found in comparison with the mild CAD group (3.43+/-2.22 vs -3.29+/-1.54 ng/ml, p=0.01), whereas the CS-LV values of Ang-1 and Ang-2 did not differ between groups. Tie-2 production was markedly increased in patients with well-developed collaterals. A positive and significant correlation was found between coronary Ang-2 and Tie-2 levels (r=0.44, p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tie-2 is probably produced in the coronary circulation and may induce the development or maintenance of coronary collaterals in CAD patients. Furthermore, the role of Ang-2 in the formation of coronary collaterals may be more important than that of Ang-1.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan. mwataru@med.niigata-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mitsuma
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirono
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Mahmoud M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ramadan
authors.forename: Komei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoyano
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saigawa
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kashimura
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fuse
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okura
authors.forename: Yoshifusa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aizawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D042683:Angiopoietin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D042702:Angiopoietin-2 / Q000097:blood*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000097:blood; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2 / Q000097:blood*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D042683:Angiopoietin-1; D042702:Angiopoietin-2; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2