title: Distinct cellular immune responses following primary and secondary influenza virus challenge in cotton rats.
abstract: To evaluate cell-mediated immunity in influenza-infected cotton rats, we compared the cellular composition of spleen, mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) after primary and secondary infection. There was an increase in cellularity in the MLN after primary infection that was further expanded upon rechallenge. CD4(+) T cells expanded after primary infection, but there was preferential increase in the number of CD4-negative T cells following secondary challenge. After primary infection, a large proportion of the monocytes and NK cells were present in the BAL while a T cell population dominated after secondary infection. CD4(+) T cells were predominant in this population unless the animals had been challenged with heterosubtypic influenza A virus. These studies are the first to show evidence of a memory T cell response to influenza infection in cotton rats and show quantitative and qualitative differences between the recall response to homosubtypic and heterosubtypic viruses.
authors.affiliation: Virion Systems Inc., 9610 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. Maryna.Eichelberger@fda.hhs.gov
authors.forename: Maryna C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Eichelberger
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bauchiero
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Point
authors.forename: Bettina W M
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Prince
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schuman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D018893:Bronchoalveolar Lavage; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007114:Immunization; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008482:Mediastinum; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D051381:Rats; D016205:Sigmodontinae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral