title: Integrated microelectronic device for label-free nucleic acid amplification and detection.
abstract: We present an integrated microelectronic device for amplification and label-free detection of nucleic acids. Amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is achieved with on-chip metal resistive heaters, temperature sensors, and microfluidic valves. We demonstrate a rapid thermocycling with rates of up to 50 degrees C s(-1) and a PCR product yield equivalent to that of a bench-top system. Amplicons within the PCR product are detected by their intrinsic charge with a silicon field-effect sensor. Similar to existing optical approaches with intercalators such as SYBR Green, our sensing approach can directly detect standard double-stranded PCR product, while in contrast, our sensor does not require labeling reagents. By combining amplification and detection on the same device, we show that the presence or absence of a particular DNA sequence can be determined by converting the analog surface potential output of the field-effect sensor to a simple digital true/false readout.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Chih-Sheng Johnson
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Godin
authors.forename: Kristofor
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Payer
authors.forename: Raj
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chakrabarti
authors.forename: Scott R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Manalis
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D004581:Electronics; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018511:Systems Integration
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D009696:Nucleic Acids