title: Advances in urinary proteome analysis and biomarker discovery.
abstract: Noninvasive diagnosis of kidney diseases and assessment of the prognosis are still challenges in clinical nephrology. Definition of biomarkers on the basis of proteome analysis, especially of the urine, has advanced recently and may provide new tools to solve those challenges. This article highlights the most promising technological approaches toward deciphering the human proteome and applications of the knowledge in clinical nephrology, with emphasis on the urinary proteome. The data in the current literature indicate that although a thorough investigation of the entire urinary proteome is still a distant goal, clinical applications are already available. Progress in the analysis of human proteome in health and disease will depend more on the standardization of data and availability of suitable bioinformatics and software solutions than on new technological advances. It is predicted that proteomics will play an important role in clinical nephrology in the very near future and that this progress will require interactive dialogue and collaboration between clinicians and analytical specialists.
authors.affiliation: Mosaiques Diagnostics and Therapeutics AG, Mellendorfer Strasse 7-9, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Danilo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fliser
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Novak
authors.forename: Visith
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Thongboonkerd
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Argilés
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jankowski
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Girolami
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jankowski
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mischak
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D019295:Computational Biology; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009398:Nephrology; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000652:urine*; D020543:Proteome; D040901:Proteomics; D014511:Uremia / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020543:Proteome