title: [Botulinum toxin and the Face Recurve concept: decreasing resting tone and muscular regeneration].
abstract: This study corroborates that the resting tone is indeed increasing with age. And that like in the Face Recurve concept, the deep fat is expelled superficially because of mimic muscle shortening. Botulinum toxin is therefore described for a new indication: resting tone decrease in order to slow down muscle shortening and consequently structural aging. Injections can be performed very early in the ageing process, when it is only visible in contraction, before the appearance at rest of wrinkle. Precision of the injection is related to the recent determination of motor end plate location in every mimic muscle. Finally, a new possibility for botulinum toxin injection is the blockage of muscular regeneration in order to stabilize the section of the age marker fascicles performed in the Face Recurve concept. This new indication is also useful in reconstructive surgery for treatment of the marginal mandibular lip deformity in patients with chronic unilateral facial palsies.
authors.affiliation: Cabinet médical Le Louarn, 59, rue Spontini, 75116 Paris, France. claudeleloaurn@wanadoo.fr
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Le Louarn
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D009129:Muscle Tonus / Q000187:drug effects*; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D012146:Rest
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A