Moderate growth restriction: deleterious and protective effects on white matter damage.
The role for growth restriction in the multifactorial pathophysiology of developing white-matter damage remains debated. We studied rat pups with prenatal growth restriction (GR) induced by unilateral ligation of the uterine artery. Pups with severe GR exhibited white-matter damage that persisted to adulthood [Olivier, P., Baud, O., Evrard, P., Gressens, P.,Verney, C., 2005. Prenatal ischemia and white matter damage in rats. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 64, 998-1006]. Moderate GR was associated with diffuse white-matter lesions, microglial activation, and astrogliosis. Loss of pre-oligodendrocytes on postnatal day 7 was followed by a delay in myelination. Following a cortical excitotoxic insult on postnatal day 5, the size of the induced white-matter lesion was smaller in pups with moderate GR and larger in pups with severe GR, compared to normal pups. The increased pre-oligodendrocyte proliferation seen in the white matter of pups with moderate GR subjected to this "double-hit" injury may constitute a heretofore-undescribed neuroprotective mechanism of immature white matter.
Olivier
Paul
P
Inserm, U676, Paris, F-75019, France.
Baud
Olivier
O
Bouslama
Myriam
M
Evrard
Philippe
P
Gressens
Pierre
P
Verney
Catherine
C
D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000473:pathology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000473:pathology*; D006128:Growth / Q000502:physiology*; D002534:Hypoxia, Brain / Q000473:pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000473:pathology; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014599:Uterus / Q000502:physiology