title: Reliability and validity of blood pressure measurement in the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes study is a multicenter, international trial funded by the National Institutes of Health testing the role of lowering systolic blood pressure to <130 mmHg in the prevention of stroke recurrence and cognitive decline in patients with recent symptomatic small subcortical stroke. Reliable and unbiased blood pressure measurement is critical to successful completion of the trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  We looked at the reliability and validity of both the device used for blood pressure measurement and observer performance during measurement to assess the quality of blood pressure determination in the study. The Colin 8800C blood pressure device was tested for performance to Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation standards and for presence of skipped digits. Observer performance was tested by examining adherence to the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean difference (in mmHg) between the Colin device and the average of the two observers was 3.9 (SD 6.7) and -2.1 (SD 6.1) for systolic and diastolic pressures respectively, thereby meeting Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation requirements. No skipped digits were found between 82-230 and 40-120 mmHg for systolic and diastolic pressures, respectively. Observer performance was excellent with greater than 90% of patients having blood pressure measured consistently according to the protocol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Device and observer performance in Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes is excellent. Interpretation of the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes data for the effect of lowering systolic blood pressure on patient outcomes will not likely be adversely affected by these factors. Accuracy will be monitored throughout the remainder of the trial to ensure that this high quality is maintained.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
authors.forename: Pablo E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Pérgola
authors.forename: Carole L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Graves
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Coffey
authors.forename: Silvina B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Tonarelli
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: Oscar R
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Benavente
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001794:Blood Pressure; D006801:Humans; D015588:Observer Variation; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019722:Sphygmomanometers / Q000592:standards*; D020521:Stroke / Q000517:prevention & control; D013599:Systole