title: The role of synaptotagmin I C2A calcium-binding domain in synaptic vesicle clustering during synapse formation.
abstract: Synaptic vesicles aggregate at the presynaptic terminal during synapse formation via mechanisms that are poorly understood. Here we have investigated the role of the putative calcium sensor synaptotagmin I in vesicle aggregation during the formation of soma-soma synapses between identified partner cells using a simple in vitro synapse model in the mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis. Immunocytochemistry, optical imaging and electrophysiological recording techniques were used to monitor synapse formation and vesicle localization. Within 6 h, contact between appropriate synaptic partner cells up-regulated global synaptotagmin I expression, and induced a localized aggregation of synaptotagmin I at the contact site. Cell contacts between non-synaptic partner cells did not affect synaptotagmin I expression. Application of an human immunodeficiency virus type-1 transactivator (HIV-1 TAT)-tagged peptide corresponding to loop 3 of the synaptotagmin I C2A domain prevented synaptic vesicle aggregation and synapse formation. By contrast, a TAT-tagged peptide containing the calcium-binding motif of the C2B domain did not affect synaptic vesicle aggregation or synapse formation. Calcium imaging with Fura-2 demonstrated that TAT-C2 peptides did not alter either basal or evoked intracellular calcium levels. These results demonstrate that contact with an appropriate target cell is necessary to initiate synaptic vesicle aggregation during nascent synapse formation and that the initial aggregation of synaptic vesicles is dependent on loop 3 of the C2A domain of synaptotagmin I.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 3306 MSB, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gardzinski
authors.forename: David W K
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Guang-He
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.forename: Kwokyin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.forename: Guan J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Hong-Shuo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zhong-Ping
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004594:Electrophysiology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000737:chemistry; D008195:Lymnaea; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000502:physiology; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000502:physiology*; D050863:Synaptotagmin I / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; D050863:Synaptotagmin I; D002118:Calcium