title: Protective effects of broccoli (Brassica oleracea) against oxidative damage in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: The antioxidative effect and protective potential against diabetes of the broccoli flower were investigated both in vitro and in a diabetic rat model. Among fractions of MeOH, CH2Cl2, BuOH, and H2O, the BuOH fraction exerted the strongest inhibitory activities on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical, radical-induced protein oxidation, and nitric oxide generation by sodium nitroprusside. The in vitro results suggest that the BuOH fraction from the broccoli flower has a protective potential against oxidative stress. The rat model with diabetes induced by streptozotocin was employed to evaluate the protective effect of the BuOH fraction in vivo. Diabetic rats showed reduced body weight gain and heavier kidney and liver weights than normal rats, while oral administration of the BuOH fraction at an oral dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg body weight/d for 20 d attenuated the physiological changes induced by diabetes. In addition, oral administration of the BuOH fraction to diabetic rats led to significant decreases in serum glucose and glycosylated protein, while it resulted in the increase of serum albumin, implying that the BuOH fraction improves the abnormal metabolism of glucose and protein that leads to oxidative stress. Moreover, it significantly reduced thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance levels in serum, hepatic and renal mitochondria. This suggests that the BuOH fraction would alleviate the oxidative stress associated with diabetes through the inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The present study demonstrates that the BuOH fraction has an antioxidative effect in vitro and it protects against oxidative stress induced by diabetes in an in vivo model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, and Research Institute of Ecology for the Elderly, Pusan National University, 30 Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Ju
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Young A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hye Hyun
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokozawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000187:drug effects; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012709:Serum Albumin; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D008315:Malondialdehyde