title: An essential role for Drosophila hus1 in somatic and meiotic DNA damage responses.
abstract: The checkpoint proteins Rad9, Rad1 and Hus1 form a clamp-like complex which plays a central role in the DNA-damage-induced checkpoint response. Here we address the function of the 9-1-1 complex in Drosophila. We decided to focus our analysis on the meiotic and somatic requirements of hus1. For that purpose, we created a null allele of hus1 by imprecise excision of a P element found 2 kb from the 3' of the hus1 gene. We found that hus1 mutant flies are viable, but the females are sterile. We determined that hus1 mutant flies are sensitive to hydroxyurea and methyl methanesulfonate but not to X-rays, suggesting that hus1 is required for the activation of an S-phase checkpoint. We also found that hus1 is not required for the G2-M checkpoint and for post-irradiation induction of apoptosis. We subsequently studied the role of hus1 in activation of the meiotic checkpoint and found that the hus1 mutation suppresses the dorsal-ventral pattering defects caused by mutants in DNA repair enzymes. Interestingly, we found that the hus1 mutant exhibits similar oocyte nuclear defects as those produced by mutations in DNA repair enzymes. These results demonstrate that hus1 is essential for the activation of the meiotic checkpoint and that hus1 is also required for the organization of the oocyte DNA, a function that might be independent of the meiotic checkpoint.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel. abdu@bgu.ac.il
authors.forename: Uri
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Abdu
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klovstad
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Butin-Israeli
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bakhrat
authors.forename: Trudi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schüpbach
mesh_terms: D000782:Aneuploidy; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019521:Body Patterning; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004249:DNA Damage; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000633:toxicity; D007814:Larva; D008297:Male; D008540:Meiosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate / Q000633:toxicity; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D009154:Mutation; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D011485:Protein Binding; D016196:S Phase / Q000502:physiology; D014965:X-Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C524443:Hus1-like protein, Drosophila; D009153:Mutagens; C069930:rad9 protein; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate; D006918:Hydroxyurea