title: Evaluation of the efficacy of vitamin D3 or its metabolites on thiram-induced tibial dyschondroplasia in chickens.
abstract: Two trials were conducted to determine if thiram-induced tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) in chickens was linked to a vitamin D deficiency and calcium homeostasis dysregulation, and whether feeding vitamin D fortified diets may prevent it. Day-old chickens were given grower diets containing different vitamin D products throughout the experiment until necropsy on day 16. Half of the birds in each feed group received thiram at levels of 100 ppm (trial 1) or 50 ppm (trial 2) between days 7-9 to induce TD. The birds were weighed, bled, and euthanized to determine TD incidences and severity by examining the growth plates. Tibial bones were used to measure biomechanical strength and ash content. Blood concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Ca, P, alkaline phosphatase, and creatine kinase were measured in serum that showed no differences between different groups. Thiram reduced body weight and induced TD regardless of any vitamin D treatment to the same extent as untreated birds.
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Poultry Science Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States. nrath@uark.edu
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Rath
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kannan
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Pillai
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Huff
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Huff
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Horst
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Emmert
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002645:Chickens; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis; D010009:Osteochondrodysplasias / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013893:Thiram / Q000633:toxicity*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals; D013893:Thiram; D014807:Vitamin D; D002762:Cholecalciferol; C028705:bone ash; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D; D002117:Calcitriol