title: The crown size and sexual dimorphism of permanent teeth in Jordanian cleft lip and palate patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide a detailed description of crown size dimensions in the permanent dentition of Jordanian cleft lip and palate patients and to compare the findings with those of other populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mesiodistal crown diameters of the permanent teeth of 47 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), 25 patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), and 74 controls were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cleft group (UCLP and BCLP patients) generally demonstrated a smaller tooth size for both the maxillary and mandibular arches than did the control group. A sexual dimorphism pattern with males having larger teeth than females was observed for controls and UCLP patients. More males with BCLP had smaller teeth than did females. In the maxilla, the UCLP cleft-side teeth showed the largest percentage (4%) of sexual dimorphism, whereas the BCLP teeth achieved the highest percentage (3.4%) in the mandible. The UCLP cleft-side maxillary lateral incisors (13.2%) and BCLP mandibular canines (6%) displayed greater sexual dimorphism in crown size than did any other tooth class.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tooth size reduction occurred across all permanent tooth types and among early and late-forming teeth in cleft patients compared with the controls. This reduction was more pronounced in the maxillary incisor field. Males with UCLP and control males had larger teeth than did females, whereas a reversal of the normal dimorphism pattern was observed in patients with BCLP.
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jordan University of Science and Technology, and King Abdullah University Hospital, Cleft Lip and Palate Centre, Irbid, Jordan. mamonrawashdeh@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ma'amon A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rawashdeh
authors.forename: Ikhlas Fawaz Bani
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Bakir
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000473:pathology; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D003481:Cuspid / Q000473:pathology; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D007597:Jordan; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D009811:Odontometry; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000473:pathology*