title: Quadrivalvular heart disease: transition from congenital pulmonary stenosis to rheumatic disease.
abstract: The case is reported of a 36-year-old male patient suffering from congenital pulmonary stenosis who previously had undergone pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty. During the past nine years, he had experienced recurrent attacks of rheumatic fever that gradually damaged all four heart valves. The patient underwent aortic, mitral and pulmonary valve replacement with tricuspid valve annuloplasty and pulmonary artery reconstruction. Histologically, all heart valves--including the pulmonary--had similar changes that corresponded to chronic rheumatic disease.
authors.affiliation: The Sami and Angela Shamoon Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The E. Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: Arie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schachner
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Harpaz
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kravtsov
authors.forename: Yoseph
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rozenman
authors.forename: Lior
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sasson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002404:Catheterization; D002908:Chronic Disease; D018450:Disease Progression; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011666:Pulmonary Valve Stenosis / Q000151:congenital / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D012008:Recurrence; D012214:Rheumatic Heart Disease / Q000150:complications*