title: Interfacial ultramorphology of single-step adhesives: nanoleakage as a function of time.
abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of single-step self-etching adhesives in preventing nanoleakage over a 90-day water-storage period, and analyse the ultramorphological characteristics of resin-dentin interfaces. Three single-step self-etching adhesives were evaluated: Adper Prompt L-Pop - LP (3M ESPE), iBond - iB (Heraeus Kulzer), and Clearfil Tri-S Bond - S3 (Kuraray). Bonded specimens were sectioned into 0.9-mm thick slabs and stored in water for 1, 60 or 90 days. After the storage periods, a silver tracer solution was used to reveal nanometer-sized spaces and evidence of degradation within resin-dentin interfaces. Epoxy resin-embedded sections were prepared, and the interfaces observed with the TEM. Nanoleakage patterns were compared among adhesives and storage periods using image analysis software. Data were statistically analysed by two-way anova and Tukey test. Nanoleakage was observed in all resin-dentin interfaces produced by the single-step self-etching adhesives. Results showed that LP presented the lowest silver deposition means at 1 day. However, after 60 and 90 days, the area of silver deposition significantly increased for LP. iB presented intense silver deposition after 1 day and a small increase after 90 days. S3 presented the lowest silver deposition means after 60 and 90 days of water-storage.
authors.affiliation: Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas. Av Limeira, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. reisandre@yahoo.com
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: A K B
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Bedran-Russo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giannini
authors.forename: P N R
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Pereira
mesh_terms: D000269:Adhesives; D045662:Dental Etching; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D003781:Denture Retention / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000379:methods; D008963:Molar / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019279:Resin Cements; D012834:Silver / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; C515604:Clearfil Tri-S Bond; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C408584:Prompt L-Pop; D019279:Resin Cements; C477386:iBond; D012834:Silver