title: Impact of sleep and sleep loss on neuroendocrine and metabolic function.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sleep exerts important modulatory effects on neuroendocrine function and glucose regulation. During the past few decades, sleep curtailment has become a very common behavior in industrialized countries. This trend toward shorter sleep times has occurred over the same time period as the dramatic increases in the prevalence of obesity and diabetes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This article will review rapidly accumulating laboratory and epidemiologic evidence indicating that chronic partial sleep loss could play a role in the current epidemics of obesity and diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laboratory studies in healthy young volunteers have shown that experimental sleep restriction is associated with a dysregulation of the neuroendocrine control of appetite consistent with increased hunger and with alterations in parameters of glucose tolerance suggestive of an increased risk of diabetes. Epidemiologic findings in both children and adults are consistent with the laboratory data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. evcauter@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu
authors.forename: Eve
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Van Cauter
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Holmback
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Knutson
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leproult
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Arlet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nedeltcheva
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pannain
authors.forename: Plamen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Penev
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tasali
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spiegel
mesh_terms: D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D009490:Neurosecretory Systems / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*