title: A single M protein mutation affects the acid inactivation threshold and growth kinetics of a chimeric flavivirus.
abstract: Numerous viruses of the Flaviviridae family, including dengue, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile, cause significant disease in humans and animals. The structure and function of the molecular components of the flavivirus envelope are therefore of significant interest. To our knowledge, a membrane (M) protein mutation which affects the pH at which flavivirus particles are inactivated in vitro has never been reported. Here we show that substitution of proline for glutamine at residue M5 (MQ5P) of a Japanese encephalitis-yellow fever chimera (ChimeriVax-JE) increases its acid sensitivity in vitro by 0.3 pH units (i.e., increases the pH at which virus titer is reduced by 50% from 6.08 to 6.38). In addition, growth kinetics of this mutant virus are accelerated in Vero cells, while neurovirulence and neuroinvasiveness measured in a mouse model are unaffected. A possible interpretation of these observations is that M can modulate the envelope (E) protein function during cell infection.
authors.affiliation: Virology Department, Acambis Inc., 38 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Caroline C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Delagrave
authors.forename: Zhen-xi
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Monath
authors.forename: Konstantin V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Pugachev
authors.forename: Farshad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guirakhoo
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004664:Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D018177:Flavivirus Infections; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D050296:Microbial Viability; D016296:Mutagenesis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014709:Vero Cells; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay; D014774:Virulence; D038301:Virus Inactivation; D014779:Virus Replication; D053060:West Nile Virus Vaccines; D015005:Yellow fever virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D000998:Antiviral Agents; C445780:ChimeriVax; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; D053060:West Nile Virus Vaccines