title: Animal models of pulmonary emphysema.
abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The mechanisms by which cigarette smoke leads to the irreversible dilatation and destruction of terminal airspaces of the lung are being unravelled largely as a result of the explosion of studies in animals. At the forefront of this has been the use of genetically manipulated mice, and the evolution and understanding of different models of emphysema. This review will summarise the current models of emphysema.
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 157 Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK. rm232@cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: Ravi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mahadeva
authors.forename: Steven D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Shapiro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D012906:Smoke