title: Relationships between housing and healthy aging in very old age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work is to examine the relationship between aspects of objective and perceived housing and aspects of healthy aging, defined as independence in daily activities and subjective well-being. Furthermore, this research examined the comparability of relationships between housing and healthy aging in the five European countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were drawn from the ENABLE-AGE Project, from home interviews with a sample of 1,918 very old people aged 75 to 89 years living alone in their own homes in Swedish, German, British, Hungarian and Latvian urban areas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants living in better accessible homes, who perceive their home as meaningful and useful, and who think that external influences are not responsible for their housing situation are more independent in daily activities and have a better sense of well-being. Moreover, these results apply to all five national samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings can widen the perspective when striving for barrier-free building standards, to encompass a holistic approach that takes both objective and perceived aspects of housing into account. Home modification and relocation should not be prescribed, but need to be negotiated with older adults to take into account their personal preferences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Ageing Research, Institute of Psychology, University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Str. 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. frank.oswald@psychologie.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oswald
authors.forename: Hans-Werner
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Wahl
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schilling
authors.forename: Carita
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nygren
authors.forename: Agneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fänge
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sixsmith
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sixsmith
authors.forename: Zsuzsa
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Széman
authors.forename: Signe
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tomsone
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwarsson
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D001107:Architectural Accessibility; D005260:Female; D006798:Housing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010549:Personal Satisfaction