title: Diffusion tensor imaging of the spinal cord at 1.5 and 3.0 Tesla.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The feasibility of highly resolved diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the human cervical spinal cord was tested on a clinical MR unit operating at 3.0 Tesla. DTI parametrical maps and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) were compared to results recorded at 1.5 Tesla.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight healthy volunteers and one patient participated in the study. A transverse oriented single-shot ECG-triggered echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence with double spin-echo diffusion preparation was applied for highly resolved DTI of the spinal cord. The signal yield, fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD) were compared for both field strengths. The clinical applicability of the protocol was also tested in one patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) at 3.0 T.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A mean increase in SNR of 95.7 +/- 4.6 % was found at 3.0 Tesla compared to 1.5 Tesla. Improved quality of the DTI parametrical maps was observed at higher field strength (p < 0.02). Comparable FA and MD (reported in units of 10 (-3) mm (2)/s) values were computed in the dorsal white matter at both field strengths (1.5 T: FA = 0.75 +/- 0.08, MD = 0.84 +/- 0.12, 3.0 T: FA = 0.74 +/- 0.04, MD = 0.93 +/- 0.14). The DTI images exhibited diagnostic image quality in the patient. At the site of the diseased corticospinal tract, a decrease of 46.0 +/- 3.8 % in FA (0.40 +/- 0.03) and an increase of 50.3 +/- 5.6 % in MD (1.40 +/- 0.05) were found in the ALS patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 3.0 Tesla field strength provides higher image quality in DTI of the spinal cord compared to 1.5 T. The proposed DTI protocol seems adequate for the assessment of spinal cord diseases.
authors.affiliation: Sektion für Experimentelle Radiologie, Abteilung für Radiologische Diagnostik, Radiologische Universitätsklinik, Tübingen. cristina.rossi@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boss
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Lindig
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martirosian
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Steidle
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Maetzler
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Claussen
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Klose
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schick
mesh_terms: D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000473:pathology; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000473:pathology; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*