title: Menstrual blood-derived cells confer human dystrophin expression in the murine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy via cell fusion and myogenic transdifferentiation.
abstract: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most common lethal genetic disorder in children, is an X-linked recessive muscle disease characterized by the absence of dystrophin at the sarcolemma of muscle fibers. We examined a putative endometrial progenitor obtained from endometrial tissue samples to determine whether these cells repair muscular degeneration in a murine mdx model of DMD. Implanted cells conferred human dystrophin in degenerated muscle of immunodeficient mdx mice. We then examined menstrual blood-derived cells to determine whether primarily cultured nontransformed cells also repair dystrophied muscle. In vivo transfer of menstrual blood-derived cells into dystrophic muscles of immunodeficient mdx mice restored sarcolemmal expression of dystrophin. Labeling of implanted cells with enhanced green fluorescent protein and differential staining of human and murine nuclei suggest that human dystrophin expression is due to cell fusion between host myocytes and implanted cells. In vitro analysis revealed that endometrial progenitor cells and menstrual blood-derived cells can efficiently transdifferentiate into myoblasts/myocytes, fuse to C2C12 murine myoblasts by in vitro coculturing, and start to express dystrophin after fusion. These results demonstrate that the endometrial progenitor cells and menstrual blood-derived cells can transfer dystrophin into dystrophied myocytes through cell fusion and transdifferentiation in vitro and in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Biology and Pathology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
authors.forename: Chang-Hao
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uyama
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyado
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Terai
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kyo
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kiyono
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Umezawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002459:Cell Fusion; D002460:Cell Line; D016189:Dystrophin / Q000235:genetics*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008598:Menstruation / Q000097:blood*; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D018101:Mice, Inbred mdx; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016513:Mice, SCID; D024510:Muscle Development; D009137:Muscular Dystrophy, Animal / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D016189:Dystrophin