title: [MR sialography: evaluation of an ultra-fast sequence in consideration of a parallel acquisition technique and different functional conditions in patients with salivary gland diseases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate an ultra-fast sequence for MR sialography requiring no post-processing and to compare the acquisition technique regarding the effect of oral stimulation with a parallel acquisition technique in patients with salivary gland diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  128 patients with salivary gland disease were prospectively examined using a 1.5-T superconducting system with a 30 mT/m maximum gradient capability and a maximum slew rate of 125 mT/m/sec. A single-shot turbo-spin-echo sequence (ss-TSE) with an acquisition time of 2.8 sec was used in transverse and oblique sagittal orientation. All images were obtained with and without a parallel imaging technique. The evaluation of the ductal system of the parotid and submandibular gland was performed using a visual scale of 1-5 for each side. The images were assessed by two independent experienced radiologists. An ANOVA with post-hoc comparisons and an overall two tailed significance level of p = 0.05 was used for the statistical evaluation. An intraclass correlation was computed to evaluate interobserver variability and a correlation of > 0.8 was determined, thereby indicating a high correlation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Depending on the diagnosed diseases and the absence of abruption of the ducts, all parts of excretory ducts were able to be visualized in all patients using the developed technique with an overall rating for all ducts of 2.70 (SD +/- 0.89). A high correlation was achieved between the two observers with an intraclass correlation of 0.73. Oral application of a sialogogum improved the visibility of excretory ducts significantly (p < 0.001). In contrast, the use of a parallel imaging technique led to a significant decrease in image quality (p = 0,011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The applied ss-TSE for MR sialography allows fast and sufficient visualization of the excretory ducts of the main salivary glands in patients, and no elaborate post-processing is required. Use of an oral sialogogum is suggested to improve the results of MR sialography.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostikzentrum, Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Petridis
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ries
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Cramer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Graessner
authors.forename: K U
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Reitmeier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jaehne
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Habermann
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D010306:Parotid Gland; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018987:Salivary Ducts; D012466:Salivary Gland Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012796:Sialography / Q000379:methods*; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D013363:Submandibular Gland