title: Hypoxia increases cytoplasmic expression of NDRG1, but is insufficient for its membrane localization in human hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: NDRG1 is a hypoxia-inducible protein, whose modulated expression is associated with the progression of human cancers. Here, we reveal that NDRG1 is markedly upregulated in the cytoplasm and on the membrane in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We demonstrate further that hypoxic stress increases the cytoplasmic expression of NDRG1 in vitro, but does not result in its localization on the plasma membrane. However, grown within an HCC-xenograft in vivo, cells express NDRG1 in the cytoplasm and on the plasma membrane. In conclusion, hypoxia is a potent inducer of NDRG1 in HCCs, albeit requiring additional stimuli within the tumour microenvironment for its recruitment to the membrane.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sibold
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keogh
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Studer
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tiffon
authors.forename: Eliane
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Angst
authors.forename: Stephan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Vorburger
authors.forename: Rosemarie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weimann
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Candinas
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stroka
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism*; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D000099259:N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene 1 Protein
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D000099259:N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene 1 Protein; C497442:HIF1A protein, human