title: Use of 27 parenteral antimicrobial agents in north of France hospitals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little data are available on antibiotic (AB) use in French hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  1995-2001 annual data on WHO defined daily doses (DDD) and hospitalization days (HD) were collected from volunteer hospitals. Twenty-three AB (amikacin, aztreonam, cefepime, cefotaxime, cefpirome, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, fosfomycin, fusidic acid, levofloxacin, imipenem, isepamicin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, quinupristin/dalfopristin, sulbactam, teicoplanin, ticarcillin, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, vancomycin) and four antifungals (amphotericin B lipid formulations, caspofungin, and fluconazole) were surveyed. Antimicrobial use was expressed as the number of DDD per 1000 HD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-eight hospitals participated in the 2001 study. AB consumption was higher in hospitals with > 400 acute care beds (214.8 +/- 116 DDD/HD) than in 200-400 beds hospitals (134.2 +/- 39 DDD/HD) or < 200 beds hospitals (104.3 +/- 74 DDD/HD) P = 0.0005. Wide variations in AB choice and volumes were observed among similar sized hospital. Fifteen hospitals, representing one third of the region's acute care beds, provided complete 7-year data. The use of antibacterials increased 23% from 119.9 to 147.2 DDD per 1000 HD. Most of this increase was due to fluoroquinolones (plus 72%; 17.8 vs. 30.6, P = 0.0068), ceftriaxone (plus 90%; 14.4 vs. 27.4; P < 0.0001), and cefepime (plus 264%; 3.4 vs. 12.2%, P = 0.028). The only decreasing class was aminoglycosides (minus 48%; 27.7 vs. 14.5; P = 0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This data confirms the high level of AB consumption in French hospitals.
authors.affiliation: Service de Réanimation et Maladies Infectieuses, CH Dron, 59208 Tourcoing, France. alfandari@nordnet.fr
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alfandari
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonenfant
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Depretere
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beaucaire
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000639:trends; D005602:France; D006742:Hospital Bed Capacity; D006761:Hospitals / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents