title: Rapid canine distalization through segmental alveolar distraction osteogenesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this study were to achieve rapid canine distalization by segmental alveolar distraction method in first premolar extraction cases, to examine the changes in the periodontal tissues surrounding canines, to evaluate the displacement of the canine and first molar teeth, to assess the effects of the procedure on the pulpal vitality of the canines, and to determine the amount of root resorption in retracted canines.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample of the study consisted of 20 teeth in eight patients (four females and four males, mean age 18.5 years). Pre- and posttreatment dental casts, panoramic radiographs, and standard periapical radiographs were taken from all patients. An electrical vitality test was applied before and after the distraction procedure and during the follow-up period (6 months after the completion of the procedure). In addition, six periodontal indices were used to examine the health of the periodontal tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The distraction procedure was completed in 12 to 28 days (mean 14.65 +/- 3.49). The anchorage loss ranged from 0 to 3 mm (mean 1.2 +/- 0.83). The distal displacement of the canines ranged from 3 to 8 mm (mean 5.35 +/- 1.22). The canines showed a mean of 9.1 degrees distal tipping, whereas there was no statistically significant change in the axial inclinations of first molars after distraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We believe that rapid canine distalization by segmental distraction osteogenesis will become a routine protocol and a popular method among orthodontic applications.
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sukurica
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karaman
authors.forename: Hakan Gürcan
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Gürel
authors.forename: Doğan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dolanmaz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003481:Cuspid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D003765:Models, Dental; D008963:Molar / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D012391:Root Resorption / Q000209:etiology; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*