The road to chromatin - nuclear entry of retroviruses.
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and other retroviruses synthesize a DNA copy of their genome after entry into the host cell. Integration of this DNA into the host cell's genome is an essential step in the viral replication cycle. The viral DNA is synthesized in the cytoplasm and is associated with viral and cellular proteins in a large nucleoprotein complex. Before integration into the host genome can occur, this complex must be transported to the nucleus and must cross the nuclear envelope. This Review summarizes our current knowledge of how this journey is accomplished.
Suzuki
Youichi
Y
Laboratory for Host Factors, Center for Emerging Virus Research, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
Craigie
Robert
R
D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus / Q000502:physiology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000821:virology*; D002843:Chromatin / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000502:physiology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D008979:Moloney murine leukemia virus / Q000502:physiology; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics*
D002843:Chromatin; D004279:DNA, Viral