[Vaccination strategies for the global eradication of poliomyelitis].
The world-wide initiative to eradicate poliomyelitis has been remarkably successful since its launch in 1988. According to the WHO, the last wild virus should be isolated in 2005, thus paving the way for the certification of a world free of poliomyelitis in 2008. Discontinuation of poliomyelitis vaccination which constituted the ultimate objective of this campaign has been jeopardised by two recent developments: the characterisation of vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV), either circulating or excreted by immunodepressed patients, and renewed concern about the risk of bioterrorism. The threats posed by VDPV have led WHO to recommend that OPV usage be discontinued as soon as possible after eradication certification. This article examines the consequences of these developments and describes possible vaccination strategies to counter these new circumstances.
Bompart
F
F
Aventis Pasteur, 2, avenue Pont Pasteur, 69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France. francois.bompart@aventis.com
D000328:Adult; D023482:Bioterrorism; D003140:Communicable Disease Control / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration; D003906:Developing Countries; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005544:Forecasting; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007223:Infant; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D011159:Population Surveillance; D014611:Vaccination / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics; D014944:World Health Organization
D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated