title: Dilation efficacy: is 1% cyclopentolate enough?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pediatric eye examinations include cycloplegia and dilation. Most clinicians use 2 or 3 different medications in drop or spray form to ease instillation. We studied whether a single drop of a cycloplegic agent would provide effective dilation as well.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children between the ages of 1 and 7 years, who presented for a routine eye examination, were recruited to participate. Each child received 1% cyclopentolate in the right eye (group A), and either tetracaine with cyclopentolate (group B) or tetracaine with cyclopentolate with phenylephrine (group C) in the left eye. At the completion of the examination, a digital picture was taken of the patient's pupils. A separate observer measured the pupil diameter and classified iris color.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean pupil size for all subjects was: 6.19 mm +/- 1.33 mm, for group A, 6.56 mm +/- 1.25 for group B; and 6.47 mm +/- 1.12 for group C. Light-colored iris patients had greater dilation as a group and darker iris patients had less dilation as a group. Evaluation of the paired eyes pupil diameter found no statistical difference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One drop of 1% cyclopentolate provides cycloplegia and effective pupil dilation for completion of a pediatric eye examination. One drop is easier to instill than multiple drops and should be considered for use in a pediatric eye examination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, USA. thug@cmd.edu
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hug
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olitsky
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003519:Cyclopentolate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005127:Eye Color; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects*; D013748:Tetracaine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D009184:Mydriatics; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D013748:Tetracaine; D003519:Cyclopentolate