title: Phase I and pharmacokinetic trial of AP5346, a DACH-platinum-polymer conjugate, administered weekly for three out of every 4 weeks to advanced solid tumor patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) safety and pharmacokinetics of AP5346, a copolymer-linked 1,2-diaminocyclohexane(DACH)-platinum compound, in advanced solid tumor patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  AP5346 was administered as a 1-hour IV infusion on days 1, 8, 15 of a 28-day cycle. Seven dose levels (DL) were explored: DL1: 40 mg platinum (Pt)/m2 (1 patient); DL2: 80 (1); DL3: 160 (3); DL4: 320 (3); DL5: 640 (6); DL6: 850 (6); DL7: 1280 (6) mg Pt/m2. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) included infusion omission and cycle delay >2 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-six patients received 41 cycles (median 1/patient, range 1-4). No DLT occurred in DL 1-4; 1 DLT in DL5 (RD; renal insufficiency), two in DL6 (MTD; vomiting; fatigue) and 5 in DL7 (neutropenic infection with diarrhea; neutropenia with vomiting; vomiting with fatigue; renal insufficiency; and fatigue). Two deaths occurred due to renal insufficiency (DL5); in both cases patients had disease in or surrounding genitourinary tract whose contribution could not be accurately discerned. Grade 1-2 creatinine abnormalities occurred in seven patients. Nausea/emesis was frequent (92%), reaching grade 3-4 (23%), but controlled by antiemetics. Grade 2-4 allergic reactions occurred in 4 patients. Cmax and AUC increased linearly with dose for total plasma platinum and ultrafiltrate platinum. Antitumor activity included two partial responses in metastatic melanoma and ovarian cancer, and an additional CA-125 normalization (from 133 IU/l) in a suspected ovarian cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AP5346 administered weekly for 3 weeks out of every four is tolerated up to a dose of 640 mg Pt/m2 on the first cycle when given with antiemetic prophylaxis. The pharmacokinetics of AP5346 indicates a prolonged half-life, and evidence of antitumor activity was observed at this dose level.
authors.affiliation: Centre René Gauducheau, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Campone
authors.forename: Jeany M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rademaker-Lakhai
authors.forename: Jaafar
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bennouna
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Nowotnik
authors.forename: Jos H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Beijnen
authors.forename: Jan H M
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Schellens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D010984:Platinum / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D011108:Polymers; C511763:ProLindac; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D010984:Platinum