title: Avian titer development against West nile virus after extralabel use of an equine vaccine.
abstract: West Nile virus affects many animals, but the highest prevalence of morbidity and mortality is observed in birds, horses, and humans. The purpose of this study was to determine a protocol in birds of prey and corvids, using a vaccine developed for horses. The birds were assigned to five groups. Groups 1-4 received 0.25 ml, 0.5 ml, 0.75 ml, and 1.0 ml, respectively, and group 5 served as a control group. The greatest percentage of seroconversion (58.3%) was observed in the vaccine group that received a dose of 1.0 ml administered thrice, 3 wk apart. This report demonstrates that a vaccine developed for equines against West Nile virus can be administered to birds.
authors.affiliation: Wildlife World Zoo, 16501 West Northern Avenue, Litchfield Park, Arizona 85345, USA.
authors.forename: Sharmie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D011897:Random Allocation; D020304:Raptors; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D053060:West Nile Virus Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D053060:West Nile Virus Vaccines