title: [The inhibitive effects of celecoxib combined with octreotide on the metastasis of human gastric cancer in vivo].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigated if cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib in combination with somatostatin (SST) analog octreotide is able to inhibit the metastasis of human gastric cancer (GC) in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy five patients with GC were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: control group, taking no anti-tumor medicine before GC resection; celecoxib group, receiving celecoxib orally 200 mg/d for 7 days before surgery; and combination group, receiving celecoxib orally 200 mg/d and octreotide 100 microg injected subcutaneously for 7 days before operation. The resected specimens were studied for the expression of epithelial cadherin (E-Cad) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) by using immunohistochemical staining. MMP-2 and MMP-9 were also quantified with Western blotting. The GC cells from the resected gastric cancer specimens were isolated by immunomagnetic separation. Modified Boyden chamber membrane invasion culture system coated with Matrigel was used to observe the migration and invasion of the GC cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The abnormal staining rates of E-Cad of GC tissue in the combination group and the celecoxib group were 28.0% and 44.0%, significantly lower than that in the control group (56.0%, both P < 0.05). The grey level of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the combination and celecoxib groups were (99 +/- 20, 89 +/- 13) and (260 +/- 15, 180 +/- 13) respectively, both significantly lower than that of the control group [(314 +/- 11, 241 +/- 12), P < 0.05]. The number of GC cells that penetrated the membrane was (2.75 +/- 0.58)/10(3) cells in the combination group, (2.29 +/- 0.58)/10(3) cells, the migration rate of the combination group was lower by 38% compared with that of the control group (F = 6.44, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The metastasis of human gastric carcinoma cells may be inhibited by the combinative treatment of celecoxib and octreotide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Mao-tao
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Zhi-xin
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chun-hui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ming-hui
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Cheng-wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068579:Celecoxib; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D015282:Octreotide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D000068579:Celecoxib; D015282:Octreotide