title: [Outpatient external dacryocystorhinostomy under regional anesthesia and sedation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the rate of early complications of outpatient external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) and patient satisfaction with the anesthetic technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study enrolled 58 patients undergoing external DCR. We analyzed demographic variables, ASA physical status, level of sedation achieved, postoperative pain, systemic complications, intraoperative bleeding, duration of surgery, time until discharge home, and patient and surgeon satisfaction with the anesthetic technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (SD) level of satisfaction was 4.85 (0.80) points on the Iowa Satisfaction With Anesthesia Scale (ISAS). A positive association was found between postoperative pain and a lower ISAS score. There was also a positive association between use of rescue analgesia in the early postoperative period and a lower ISAS score. Mean blood loss per procedure was 178.9 (108.2) mL. The rate of minor systemic complications was 15.5%. The surgeon's rating of conditions in the surgical field was excellent or good in 89.6% of the cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  External DCR can be performed on an outpatient basis within a reasonable safety margin and with a low early postoperative complication rate. Patient satisfaction with anesthesia was high. Provision of preoperative information about the meaning of sedation, postoperative analgesia, and surgical bleeding are aspects to improve in this practice setting.
authors.affiliation: Clínica de Cirugía Ocular, Madrid. JBENATAR@telefonica.net
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benatar-Haserfaty
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Monleón de la Calle
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanz-López
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muriel García
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007267:Injections; D007322:Instillation, Drug; D008297:Male; D008619:Mepivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D009885:Ophthalmology; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010820:Physicians / Q000523:psychology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011343:Procaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D015742:Propofol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019462:Syncope, Vasovagal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D011343:Procaine; C005298:benoxinate; D008619:Mepivacaine; D002045:Bupivacaine; D015742:Propofol