title: Contact killing antimicrobial acrylic bone cements: preparation and characterization.
abstract: Novel antimicrobial poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-based bone cement was synthesized by co-polymerizing PMMA/MMA with various percentages of quaternary amine dimethacrylate (QADMA) by free radical bulk polymerization technique at room temperature using benzoyl peroxide and N,N-dimethyl-p-toulidine (DMPT) as a redox initiator. The modified bone cement was characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectral studies. The thermal and physical properties of the bone cements of varying composition of QADMA were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential calorimetry (DSC) and contact angle measurements. Peak exothermic temperature was observed to decrease, while setting time increased with increase in QADMA content in the bone cement formulations. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized bone cement containing quaternary amine dimethacrylate against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was studied by zone of inhibition, colony count method and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). QADMA containing acrylic bone cement showed a broad spectrum of contact killing antimicrobial properties. Retention of E. coli onto the surface of PMMA bone cement was observed, whereas there was complete prevention of retention of E. coli onto the modified PMMA bone cement with 15% QADMA. The studies were compared with the acrylic bone cement synthesized using 15% N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) in place of QADMA to which iodine was added as an antimicrobial agent during co-polymerization.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
authors.forename: Supriya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Punyani
authors.forename: Sanjukta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deb
authors.forename: Harpal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001843:Bone Cements; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate