title: Cross-sectional analysis of specific complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use by racial/ethnic group and menopausal status: the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relationships of race/ethnicity, menopausal status, health characteristics, and symptoms with use of 21 types of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in midlife women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional, multiple logistic regression analyses of 2,118 women completing the sixth annual visit in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, a multisite, multiethnic, longitudinal study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  More than half of women used some type of CAM. Use of most types of CAM differed significantly by race/ethnicity, except the use of ginkgo biloba and glucosamine. Significantly more African Americans at most sites and Chinese women used ginseng. Use of most types of CAM did not differ significantly by menopausal status or vasomotor symptoms, except the use of soy supplements, which was significantly greater among women who reported vasomotor symptoms. Women reporting somatic symptoms were significantly more likely to use glucosamine. Women reporting psychological symptoms were significantly more likely to use ginkgo biloba and soy supplements. The number of comorbidities, moderate or high socioeconomic status, number of healthy behaviors, symptom sensitivity, age, and dietary genistein intake were significantly positively associated with use of several types of CAM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of most types of CAM is not related to menopausal status or symptom reporting but to sociodemographic factors, comorbidities, and health behaviors. Given the large proportion of midlife women who use CAM and the potential for interactions with prescribed medications, healthcare practitioners should inquire about CAM use and be aware of which factors influence the use of different types of CAM.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. ebgold@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Ellen B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Gold
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bair
authors.forename: Guili
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Utts
authors.forename: Gail A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Greendale
authors.forename: Dawn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Upchurch
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chyu
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sternfeld
authors.forename: Shelley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D019584:Hot Flashes / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000208:ethnology*; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D015995:Prevalence; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D016387:Women's Health / Q000208:ethnology*