title: Different mechanisms of vaccine-induced and infection-induced immunity to Bordetella bronchiseptica.
abstract: A recent resurgence in the number of cases of whooping cough, and other respiratory diseases caused by members of the bordetellae, in vaccinated populations has demonstrated the need for a thorough understanding of vaccine-induced immunity to facilitate more intelligent vaccine design. In this work, we use a murine model of respiratory infection using the highly successful animal pathogen, Bordetella bronchiseptica. Since previously infected animals have been shown to resist re-infection by B. bronchiseptica, we sought to examine the differences between vaccine-induced immunity and infection-induced immunity. Both prior infection and vaccination conferred nearly complete protection in the lungs, however, only prior infection resulted in significant protection in the upper respiratory tract. While immunity induced by prior infection offered significant protection even in the absence of complement or FcgammaRs, vaccination-induced protection required both complement and FcgammaRs. Although vaccination induced higher titers of B. bronchiseptica-specific antibodies, this serum was less effective than infection-induced serum in clearing bacteria from the lower respiratory tract. Together these findings highlight substantial differences between the mechanisms involved in vaccine- and infection-induced protective immunity.
authors.affiliation: The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
authors.forename: Lakshmi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gopinathan
authors.forename: Girish S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Kirimanjeswara
authors.forename: Daniel N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Wolfe
authors.forename: Monica L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kelley
authors.forename: Eric T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Harvill
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D001885:Bordetella Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D016950:Bordetella bronchiseptica / Q000276:immunology*; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000276:immunology; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D003165:Complement System Proteins