The role of the X chromosome in immunity and autoimmunity.
Primary immunodeficiencies as well as autoimmune diseases have been associated to X chromosome abnormalities. Furthermore, the functional biology of the X chromosome is unique because genes located in this chromosome can undergo inactivation, and subsequently transcriptional silencing. Non-random X chromosome inactivation has been hypothesized to be involved in the development of autoimmunity. Recently X chromosome monosomy has also been proposed as a common etiologic mechanism for some autoimmune diseases. Herein, we review some of these findings above mentioned.
Hernández-Molina
Gabriela
G
Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, INCMNSZ, Mexico. gabyhm@yahoo.com
Svyryd
Yevgeniya
Y
Sánchez-Guerrero
Jorge
J
Mutchinick
Osvaldo M
OM
D000782:Aneuploidy; D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D049951:X Chromosome Inactivation