title: Apical seal comparison of low-temperature thermoplasticized gutta-percha technique and lateral condensation with two different master cones.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the apical sealing in mesio-buccal canals of extracted molars obturated with low-temperature thermoplasticized gutta-percha or cold lateral condensation techniques using a .06 or a .02 mm/mm tapered gutta-percha master cone. The secondary aim was to evaluate the depth of spreader penetration in root canals using a .06 or a .02 mm/mm tapered gutta-percha master cone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four mesio-buccal curved canals (25-40 degree) were instrumented with .06 nickel-titanium rotary instruments and randomly distributed into two control groups (n=4) and three experimental groups (n=12) for obturation by the Ultrafil 3D system or by cold lateral condensation with .06 or .02 tapered master cone. Canal sealer AH-Plus was used. The depth of spreader penetration was recorded in millimetres. Roots were covered with two layers of nail polish, immersed in India ink for 7 days, transversally sectioned and examined with a stereomicroscope. Student s t test was used to determine whether there was a difference in spreader penetration between groups. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine whether there was a difference in leakage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no differences among the three groups (p=0.396), which showed a very similar mean microleakage (0.42, 0.75 and 0.42). The difference in spreader penetration between the groups filled by cold lateral condensation was significant (p=0.001)
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Ultrafil 3D system and cold lateral condensation techniques with .06 or .02 tapered master cones were equally effective in the apical sealing of curved canals. The spreader penetrated deeper using a .02 mm/mm tapered gutta-percha master cone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Pathology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pérez Heredia
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Clavero González
authors.forename: Carmen María
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ferrer Luque
authors.forename: María Paloma
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: González Rodríguez
mesh_terms: D003080:Cold Temperature; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000175:diagnosis; D006171:Gutta-Percha / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008963:Molar; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012389:Root Canal Obturation / Q000379:methods*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D006171:Gutta-Percha