title: Fungal biodegradation of carbofuran and carbofuran phenol by the fungus Mucor ramannianus: identification of metabolites.
abstract: The fungus Mucor ramannianus was tested to elucidate the biological fate of a class of N-methyl carbamate pesticide carbofuran and its hydrolysed form carbofuran phenol. The elution profile obtained from analysis by high-pressure liquid chromatography equipped with a reverse-phase C-18 column showed that two peaks occurred after incubation of M. ramannianus with which 1 mM carbofuran was combined as a final concentration. In culture of M. ramannianus with 1 mM carbofuran phenol, it produced two other metabolites compared to metabolites of carbofuran. LC/MS analysis suggested that two of the metabolites produced from carbofuran phenol were most likely to be 2-hydoxy-3-(3-methylpropan-2-ol)phenol or 7a-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2-dimethylhexahydro-6H-furo[2,3-b]pyran-6-one and 3-hydroxycarbofuran-7-phenol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Korea.
authors.forename: Jiyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Junho
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Sang-Don
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Suil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jaehong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hor-Gil
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Hur
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002235:Carbofuran / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D007306:Insecticides / Q000378:metabolism*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009089:Mucor / Q000378:metabolism*; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C518701:7-phenolcarbofuran; D007306:Insecticides; D010636:Phenols; D014873:Water Pollutants; D002235:Carbofuran