title: Elevated urinary cytokine levels in patients undergoing ileal neobladder replacement compared with sigmoid neobladder replacement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to examine the urinary cytokine levels for assessment of inflammatory conditions in patients with orthotopic neobladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urinary levels of IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 were measured in 20 and 22 patients who underwent orthotopic neobladder replacement using ileum and sigmoid colon, respectively, and all cytokine levels greater than 5 pg/ml were defined as elevated. The outcomes were compared with respect to several parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportions of patients positive for urinary culture, pyuria, and bacteriuria in the ileal neobladder group were higher than those in the sigmoid neobladder group, but these differences were not significant. Urinary levels of IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 in the ileal neobladder group were significantly greater than those in the sigmoid neobladder group. Furthermore, the incidences of elevated urinary levels of IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 in both groups were not affected by age, postoperative period, residual urine volume or pyuria; however, the incidences of elevated urinary IL-6 levels significantly differed between patients with and without bacteriuria in the ileal neobladder group, while there was a significant difference in the incidences of elevated urinary IL-8 levels between patients with and without bacteriuria in the sigmoid neobladder group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that chronic inflammation was more frequently observed in patients with ileal neobladder than in those with sigmoid neobladder, and that IL-6 and IL-8 were involved in persistent bacteriuria in patients with ileal and sigmoid neobladder, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuzo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: Taka-Aki
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D012809:Colon, Sigmoid / Q000637:transplantation*; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000637:transplantation*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000652:urine*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000652:urine*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000652:urine*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016476:Urinary Reservoirs, Continent
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8