title: Presence of halophilic and alkaliphilic lactic acid bacteria in various cheeses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to confirm the presence of halophilic and alkaliphilic lactic acid bacteria (HALAB) of marine origin in cheeses and thus contribute to the understanding of the roles of LAB flora in cheese ripening.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We used 7% NaCl glucose-yeast extract-peptone-fish extract broth and agar media (pH 9.5) for pour-plating and enrichment culture for 16 cheese samples produced in six European countries. HALAB were present in 9 of the 16 samples at < 20 --> 10(7) CFU g(-1). In three mould-ripened soft cheeses, HALAB counts ranged from 10(6) to 10(7) CFU g(-1) and were one order (two samples) and six orders (one sample) of magnitude greater than that of nonhaloalkaliphilic, common LAB, as enumerated on lactobacilli MRS agar. The 16S rRNA gene sequences (500 bp) of 51 of the 55 isolates examined were identical or similar to that of Marinilactibacillus psychrotolerans or Alkalibacterium olivapovliticus and related species, all of which are HALAB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HALAB of possible marine origin were present in various soft, semi-hard and semi-soft cheeses and were highly predominant in some mould-ripened cheeses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HALAB of possible marine origin are members of the microflora of various cheeses and, when dominant, may play a role in the ripening of cheeses. Microbial analysis of LAB flora in cheeses should take into consideration the presence of HALAB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fermentation Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan. m1ishika@nodai.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okamoto-Kainuma
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamasato
mesh_terms: D002611:Cheese / Q000382:microbiology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D007777:Lactobacillaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S