title: A comparison of Freund's Complete and Freund's Modified Adjuvants used with a contraceptive vaccine in wild horses (Equus caballus).
abstract: Fifteen captive wild mares (Equus caballus) were treated with porcine zona pellucida contraceptive vaccine and either Freund's Complete Adjuvant (n = 7) or Freund's Modified Adjuvant (n = 8). All mares received a booster inoculation of porcine zona pellucida plus Freund's Incomplete Adjuvant a month later. Anti-porcine zona pellucida antibodies were measured over 10 mo following the initial inoculation. There were no significant differences in antibody titers at any point during the 10 mo, and seven of the eight mares in the Freund's Modified Adjuvant group were above the 60% level at the end of the study, which is considered to be the contraceptive threshold for horses. There were no significant differences in titers between pregnant and nonpregnant horses, nor was there a significant correlation between age and titers. One local injection site reaction occurred after booster treatment with Freund's Incomplete Adjuvant, and 11 healthy foals were born during the course of the study. These data suggest that Freund's Modified Adjuvant is an acceptable substitute for Freund's Complete Adjuvant in certain free-ranging and captive wildlife species.
authors.affiliation: Science and Conservation Center, 2100 South Shiloh Road, Billings, Montana 59106, USA.
authors.forename: Robin O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Lyda
authors.forename: J Ron
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Jay F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D003269:Contraception, Immunologic / Q000662:veterinary*; D004971:Estrus / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D006736:Horses / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D022642:Vaccines, Contraceptive; D015044:Zona Pellucida / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D022642:Vaccines, Contraceptive; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant