title: Responses of criterion variables to different supplemental doses of L-carnitine L-tartrate.
abstract: L-carnitine L-tartrate (LCLT) supplementation beneficially affects markers of postexercise metabolic stress and muscle damage. However, to date, no study has determined the dose response of LCLT to elicit such responses. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different doses of LCLT on criterion variables previously shown to be responsive to LCLT supplementation. Eight healthy men (22 +/- 3 y, 174 +/- 5 cm, 83.0 +/- 15.3 kg) were supplemented with 0 g, 1 g, and 2 g of LCLT for 3 weeks and then performed a bout of resistance exercise (5 sets of 15-20 repetition maximum with a 2-min rest between sets) with associated blood draws. This procedure was performed in a balanced, randomized, repeated measures design. Serum carnitine concentrations increased (p < or = 0.05) following the 1 g and 2 g doses, with the 2-g dose providing the highest carnitine concentrations. The 1- and 2-g doses reduced postexercise serum hypoxanthine, serum xanthine oxidase, serum myoglobin, and perceived muscle soreness. In conclusion, both the 1- and 2-g doses were effective in mediating various markers of metabolic stress and of muscle soreness. Use of LCLT appears to attenuate metabolic stress and the hypoxic chain of events leading to muscle damage after exercise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Barry A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Spiering
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: Jakob L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Vingren
authors.forename: Disa L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hatfield
authors.forename: Maren S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Fragala
authors.forename: Jen-Yu
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Carl M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Maresh
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Jeff S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Volek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002331:Carnitine / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005080:Exercise Test; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D019271:Hypoxanthine / Q000097:blood; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000097:blood; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009211:Myoglobin / Q000097:blood; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D013644:Tartrates / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D007773:Lactates; D009211:Myoglobin; D013644:Tartrates; D019271:Hypoxanthine; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D002331:Carnitine; C029768:tartaric acid