title: [The effect of antimicrobial use on emergence and selection of resistance].
abstract: There is a direct relationship between antibiotic use and resistance. A two-stage model for the development of antibiotic resistance has been suggested: antibiotic resistance is first induced (emergence) and then followed by its spread, facilitated by antibiotic selection pressure. Importantly, the decline in resistance after treatment cessation or a reduction in the volume of antibiotic use is much slower than its emergence. Excessive antibiotic use has individual and ecologic effects that can alter clinical practice and increase treatment costs.
authors.affiliation: Universitätsspitals Genf, Switzerland. stephan.harbarth@hcuge.ch
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harbarth
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000635:transmission*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000635:transmission; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D015233:Models, Statistical
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents