title: Real-world comparison of probe vehicle emissions and fuel consumption using diesel and 5% biodiesel (B5) blend.
abstract: An instrumented EURO I Ford Mondeo was used to perform a real-world comparison of vehicle exhaust (carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen) emissions and fuel consumption for diesel and 5% biodiesel in diesel blend (B5) fuels. Data were collected on multiple replicates of three standardised on-road journeys: (1) a simple urban route; (2) a combined urban/inter-urban route; and, (3) an urban route subject to significant traffic management. At the total journey measurement level, data collected here indicate that replacing diesel with a B5 substitute could result in significant increases in both NO(x) emissions (8-13%) and fuel consumption (7-8%). However, statistical analysis of probe vehicle data demonstrated the limitations of comparisons based on such total journey measurements, i.e., methods analogous to those used in conventional dynamometer/drive cycle fuel comparison studies. Here, methods based on the comparison of speed/acceleration emissions and fuel consumption maps are presented. Significant variations across the speed/acceleration surface indicated that direct emission and fuel consumption impacts were highly dependent on the journey/drive cycle employed. The emission and fuel consumption maps were used both as descriptive tools to characterise impacts and predictive tools to estimate journey-specific emission and fuel consumption effects.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. K.Ropkins@its.leeds.ac.uk
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ropkins
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beebe
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Basil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Daham
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tate
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Andrews
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005742:Gasoline; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000032:analysis; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005742:Gasoline; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002248:Carbon Monoxide