title: Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol after a single intramuscular dose in white-spotted bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium plagiosum).
abstract: This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in the white-spotted bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium plagiosum). In addition to the pharmacokinetics, the potential application for treatment of bacterial meningitis was explored. A pilot study was used to compare doses of 30, 40, and 50 mg/kg i.m. Following that study, 10 adult sharks were administered a single i.m. dose of florfenicol at 40 mg/kg. Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were collected and analyzed for florfenicol by a sensitive and specific high-pressure liquid chromatographic method. Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using both non-compartmental and compartmental techniques. The absorption produced an average peak at 54 (+/-19) hr from the i.m. site of administration, and the half-life was prolonged, averaging 269.79 hr (+/-135.87). Florfenicol plasma concentrations peaked at an average of 11.85 microg/ml (+/-1.45) and were maintained above our target minimum inhibitory concentration of 4-8 microg/ml for at least 120 hr. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations peaked at an estimated 9 microg/ml around 48 hr, surpassing the target minimum inhibitory concentration for at least 72 hr.
authors.affiliation: Henry Doorly Zoo, 3701 South 10th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68107, USA.
authors.forename: Dawn M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.forename: Douglas L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Curro
authors.forename: Sarah M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Dankoff
authors.forename: Kathleen W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Vires
authors.forename: Kimberly K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Nathan D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Jaros
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Papich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D016920:Meningitis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012754:Sharks / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D013839:Thiamphenicol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C035534:florfenicol; D013839:Thiamphenicol