Consistent with dopamine supersensitivity, RGS9 expression is diminished in the amphetamine-treated animal model of schizophrenia and in postmortem schizophrenia brain.
It is known that RGS9-2 gene knockout mice show supersensitivity to DA and have a marked elevation in the proportion of DA D2 receptors in the high-affinity state for DA (D2(High) receptors). As this is a similar profile to that observed in the CNS from subjects with schizophrenia, we examined whether postmortem CNS tissue from subjects with the disorder and brain striata from an animal model of psychosis or schizophrenia (the amphetamine-sensitized rat) had altered levels of RGS9-2. The mRNA for RGS9-2 in 29 control hippocampi was 0.185 +/- 0.015 fg per fg of beta-glucuronidase mRNA (average +/- SE), while that in 29 schizophrenia hippocampi was 0.145 +/- 0.015 fg per fg of beta-glucuronidase mRNA (average +/- SE), a reduction of 22%. Of the many receptor-regulating genes related to G proteins, and of 11 RGS genes, RGS9-2 was the most reduced in the amphetamine-sensitized rat striatum. The reduced levels of RGS9-2 expression in both an animal model of schizophrenia and a postmortem schizophrenia brain provide further evidence implicating RGS9-2 as a candidate gene in schizophrenia.
Seeman
Philip
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Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. philip.seeman@utoronto.ca
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Françoise
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Jack
Elaine
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Greenstein
Rachel
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Dean
Brian
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D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001344:Autopsy; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D020710:RGS Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*
D015259:Dopamine Agents; D020710:RGS Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C116925:regulator of g-protein signaling 9; D000661:Amphetamine; D004298:Dopamine