title: Two types of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients receiving long term therapy by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.
abstract: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely used to decrease cholesterol synthesis and are well established to reduce vascular diseases. Recently, it has been proposed that statins mobilize endothelial progenitor cells from bone marrow during the first four weeks, which could help to prevent vascular diseases. However, in humans there are few data concerning the long term effects of statin treatment on these endothelial progenitor cells. We investigated whether endothelial progenitor cells can be detected and characterized in patients receiving long term statin therapy. Mononuclear cells from patients receiving or not receiving statin therapy were assessed for progenitor cell content by flow cytometry and were cultured in specific conditions to determine the number and the type of progenitors. Our results showed there were significantly more CD34(+), CD34(+)/CD144(+) circulating progenitor cells in the statin(pos) group than in the statin(neg) group. In culture two types of endothelial progenitor cells were detected. Early endothelial progenitor cells gave colonies at day 5 comprising elongated cells whereas late endothelial progenitor cells generated cobblestone-like colonies with strong proliferation capacities. The number of circulating early endothelial progenitor cells was significantly higher in the statin(neg) group, while only late endothelial progenitor cells were detected in the statin(pos) group. Moreover, cells from cobblestones clearly had an endothelial phenotype CD31(+), VEGF-R2(+), CD34(+), CD146(+) in contrast to cells from colonies from early endothelial progenitor cells, which were VEGF-R2(low), CD34(-). These results strongly suggest that long term statin treatment specifically maintains late endothelial progenitor cells in circulation with a CD34(+)/CD144(+) phenotype.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U645, University of Franche-Comté, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, IFR133, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Deschaseaux
authors.forename: Zohair
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Selmani
authors.forename: Pierre-Emmanuel
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Falcoz
authors.forename: Nursen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mersin
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Meneveau
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Penfornis
authors.forename: Colette
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kleinclauss
authors.forename: Sidney
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chocron
authors.forename: Joseph-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Etievent
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tiberghien
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kantelip
authors.forename: Siamak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Davani
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000097:blood; D051929:CD146 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D015820:Cadherins / Q000097:blood; D002452:Cell Count; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000097:blood; D000099152:Cadherin 5
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D051929:CD146 Antigen; D015820:Cadherins; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2; D000099152:Cadherin 5