title: Traditional use of indigenous mosquito-repellents to protect humans against mosquitoes and other insect bites in a rural community of Cameroon.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To document and test the efficacy of indigenous traditional personal protection methods against mosquito bites and general nuisance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study based on a survey and field evaluation of selected plant-based personal protection methods against mosquito bites.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bolifamba, a rural setting of the Mount Cameroon region.
  
  
  METHODS
  A structured questionnaire was administered to 179 respondents and two anti-mosquito measures were tested under field conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Identified traditional anti-mosquito methods used by indigenes of Bolifamba. Two plants tested under field conditions were found to be effective.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 179 respondents, 88 (49.16%) used traditional anti-mosquito methods; 57 (64.77%) used plant-based methods while 31 (35.2%) used various petroleum oils. The rest of the respondents, 91 (50.8%) used conventional personal protection methods. Reasons for using traditional methods were because they were available, affordable and lack of known more effective alternatives. The demerits of these methods were: labourious to implement, stain dresses, produce a lot of smoke/ repulsive odours when used; those of conventional methods were lack of adequate information about them, high cost and non-availability. When the two most frequently used plants, Saccharum officinarium and Ocimum basilicum were evaluated under field conditions, each gave a better protection than the control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most plants used against mosquitoes in the area are known potent mosquito repellents but others identified in the study warrant further research. The two tested under field conditions were effective though less than the commonly used commercial diethyltoluamide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
authors.forename: N N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Ntonifor
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ngufor
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kimbi
authors.forename: B O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Oben
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000469:parasitology*; D001512:Bedding and Linens; D002163:Cameroon / Q000453:epidemiology; D003671:DEET / Q000191:economics / Q000600:supply & distribution; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000191:economics / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D008288:Malaria / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods*; D018649:Ocimum basilicum; D010577:Petrolatum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts; D018514:Plant Structures; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012423:Rural Health; D031786:Saccharum; D012906:Smoke; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D007302:Insect Repellents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012906:Smoke; D003671:DEET; D010577:Petrolatum