title: Determining the minimal clinically important differences in activity, fatigue, and sleep quality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the minimal clinically important differences (MCID) in the patient-reported outcomes of activity (0-30, number of days of limitation), fatigue (0 = none, 100 = complete), and sleep quality (0 = no problems, 100 = worst case) for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two randomized controlled trials comparing abatacept to placebo in RA patients were considered: ATTAIN (n = 391) and AIM (n = 652). An internal anchor-based approach was used to derive the MCID using the Health Assessment Questionnaire, patient global assessment, and pain as anchors. Minimal important change in activity, fatigue, and sleep were determined by estimating mean changes in these outcomes in patients showing change in a narrow range about the MCID of the internal anchor. Correlation analysis was used to determine the consistency of the changes in the outcomes and anchors, and a Delphi process was used to determine the final MCID values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the 2 trials, consistent patterns of change for activity, fatigue, and sleep and the internal anchors were found with correlations in the range of 0.5, 0.7, and 0.4, respectively. The mean changes for activity, fatigue, and sleep in a narrow range about the MCID of the 3 internal anchors corresponding to the 2 trials were: 3.4 to 4.3 for activity; 6.7 to 17.0 for fatigue; and 4.1 to 7.3 for sleep. Following the Delphi process the MCID determined were 4 for activity, 10 for fatigue, and 6 for sleep.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These MCID for activity limitation, fatigue, and sleep problems can be used in designing clinical trials and providing benchmarks in assessing patient improvement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lara
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: MacLean
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tugwell
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000145:classification*; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005221:Fatigue / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D010147:Pain Measurement; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents