title: Equilibrium intakes of calcium and magnesium within an adequate and limited range of sodium intake in human.
abstract: In the previous analysis of our human mineral balance studies, we demonstrated positive correlations between the balances of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na) intake in the range of 3.06 and 4.06 g/d or 43.71 and 96.40 mg/kg body weight (BW)/d, but there was no correlation between Na intake and Na balance. This suggested that the balances of Ca and Mg are affected by Na intake. Therefore, in the current study, we recalculated equilibrium intakes for Ca and Mg when balances of their intakes and outputs were equal to zero within the above Na range to reduce the effects of Na intake. From 1986 to 2000, 90 volunteers (10 male, 80 female; age 18 to 28 y) took part in 9 mineral balance studies. The balance periods ranged from 8 to 12 d, with adaptation periods of 2 to 4 d. The dietary intakes of Ca and Mg ranged from 294 to 719 and 154 to 334 mg/d, or from 4.83 to 15.07 and 2.44 to 6.42 mg/kg BW/d, respectively. Intake of Ca significantly correlated with Ca balance (r2 = 0.268; p < 0.0001). When the balance was equal to zero, the mean value and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for the regression equation between intake vs. balance were 10.072 and 10.660 mg/kg BW/d, respectively. Mg intake correlated significantly with Mg balance (r2 = 0.141, p = 0.003). When the balance was equal to zero, the mean value and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for the regression equation between intake and balance were 4.078 and 4.287 mg/kg BW/d, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Mineral Nutrition, Division of Human Nutrition, Incorporated Administrative Agency of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan. nisimuta@nih.go.jp
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimuta
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: Eiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morikuni
authors.forename: Yayoi H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Nobue
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.forename: Hidemaro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeyama
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitajima
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D005243:Feces; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic / Q000379:methods; D013542:Sweat / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D012964:Sodium; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium