A novel ER stress transducer, OASIS, expressed in astrocytes.
Secretory and transmembrane proteins are correctly folded or processed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Various stresses disturb ER function and provoke the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER lumen. This condition is termed ER stress. Recently, ER stress has been linked to neuronal death in various neurodegenerative diseases. Among the cell populations in the nervous system, which comprises heterogeneous cell types including neuronal and glial cells, astrocytes have the unique ability of being able to tolerate and even proliferate under ischemic and hypoxic conditions that lead to ER stress. This review introduces a novel ER stress transducer, old astrocyte specifically induced substance (OASIS), that regulates the signaling of the unfolded protein response specifically in astrocytes and contributes to resistance to ER stress. In addition, current information is summarized regarding new types of ER stress transducers homologous to OASIS that are involved in cell type-specific ER stress responses.
Saito
Atsushi
A
Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
Hino
Shin-Ichiro
S
Murakami
Tomohiko
T
Kondo
Shinichi
S
Imaizumi
Kazunori
K
D051702:Activating Transcription Factor 6 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D017510:Protein Folding; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
C497111:ATF6 protein, human; D051702:Activating Transcription Factor 6; C485618:CREB3L1 protein, human; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins