Effects of spermatozoa during in vitro meiosis progression in the porcine germinal vesicle oocytes.
We have investigated the effect of co-culture with porcine spermatozoa on in vitro maturation of porcine germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes before fertilization. Most oocytes were arrested at the first prophase of meiosis when oocytes were cultured in TCM 199 alone, but the proportion of oocytes that reached metaphase II was significantly elevated by co-incubation with spermatozoa in vitro. The oocyte maturation effect was observed with intact and parts of spermatozoa (head and tail) collected from adult swine (regardless of source). However, gonocytes from the newborn porcine testis were not able to enhance in vitro maturation of porcine germinal vesicle oocytes. Interestingly, the oocyte maturation effect by spermatozoa was not decreased with heat treatment, but the maturation effect of oocyte treatment disappeared with exposure to detergent in sperm suspension. Porcine spermatozoa were also observed to stimulate meiosis of oocytes, which was maintained at meiotic arrest using dibutyryl cyclic AMP or forskolin. The study suggests that (i) membrane of porcine spermatozoa contains a substance(s) that can enhance in vitro maturation of oocytes prior to fertilization, (ii) the putative meiosis-enhancing substance(s) of spermatozoa from adult testes retains the oocyte maturation effect during transportation of spermatozoa through epididymis, and (iii) the putative meiosis-enhancing substance(s) is able to overcome the inhibitory effect of dibutyryl cyclic AMP or forskolin by inducing germinal vesicle breakdown of porcine cumulus-oocyte complexes maintained in meiotic arrest.
Kim
Byung Ki
BK
Division of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Dong-Eui University, Busan 614-714, South Korea. bkkim@deu.ac.kr
Jabed
Md Anower
MA
Kang
Sung Ryoung
SR
Kim
Dong-Eun
DE
Han
Chang-Hee
CH
Huh
Man Kyu
MK
Kamal
Tania
T
D000818:Animals; D018920:Coculture Techniques / Q000662:veterinary; D003902:Detergents; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000662:veterinary*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008297:Male; D008540:Meiosis / Q000502:physiology*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D013084:Sperm-Ovum Interactions / Q000502:physiology*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine
D003902:Detergents