title: [Activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in ventilator-induced lung injury in rat].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) in rat.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into three group (A, B, C group, n=10 per group). Mechanical ventilation was instituted in all the groups. A group: tidal volume (V(T))=8 ml/kg, respiratory rate (RR)=80/min; B group: V(T)=20 ml/kg, RR=80/min; C group: V(T)=40 ml/kg, RR=80/min. The time of ventilation for all the groups was two hours. Rats were sacrificed after experiment was finished. The bronchial lavage liquid and lung tissue were collected and stored with routine methods. The pathological changes in lung tissue were examined with optical microscope. The expression of p38 and phos-p38 (p-p38) were measured by Western blotting in lung tissues. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecular-1 (ICAM-1) was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The contents of total protein, white blood cells (WBC), myeloperoxidase (MPO), macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with A group, total protein, WBC, MPO, MIP-2, TNF-alpha, ICAM-1 and p-p38 were significantly increased in B group and C group (all P<0.01). Compared with B group, the above indexes were also significantly increased in C group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Large V(T) mechanical ventilation can significantly activate the p-p38 and inflammatory cytokines, which may play an important role in VILI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Shang-long
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: You
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Qing-ping
authors.initials: QP
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Li-kui
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D015398:Signal Transduction; D055397:Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases