Subarachnoid hemorrhage in the presence of both intracranial dissecting and saccular aneurysms--two case reports.
Two patients presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) associated with both intracranial dissecting and saccular aneurysms. Case 1, a 48-year-old woman, had a saccular aneurysm of the right internal carotid artery and dissecting aneurysms of the bilateral vertebral arteries. Case 2, a 52-year-old man, had three saccular aneurysms in the anterior circulation and a dissecting aneurysm of the unilateral vertebral artery. A saccular aneurysm was responsible for the SAH in both patients. Ruptured saccular aneurysms were treated with surgical clipping and unruptured dissecting aneurysms remained untreated. SAH recurred due to bleeding from an untreated dissecting aneurysm 4 days after the initial SAH in Case 1. Triple-H therapy, which causes increased hemodynamic stress, was not administered for symptomatic cerebral vasospasm after SAH in Case 2, because of the risk of bleeding from the untreated dissecting aneurysm, and the patient suffered cerebral infarction. The risk factors for this rare association are unclear, but both patients were smokers and had hypocholesterolemia including low apolipoprotein E levels. The clinical management of patients with SAH and both dissection and saccular aneurysms is complicated. Asymptomatic dissecting aneurysm has a benign clinical course in general, but hemodynamic stress related to stroke may induce abrupt development of dissecting aneurysms. Prophylactic obliteration during the acute stage of SAH may provide better outcomes if the unruptured dissecting lesion appears as obvious aneurysmal dilatation or pearl-and-string sign and is safely treatable with endovascular trapping.
Akiyama
Yasuhiko
Y
Department of Neurosurgery, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan. yakiyama@med.shimane-u.ac.jp
Moritake
Kouzo
K
Miyazaki
Takeshi
T
Nagai
Hidemasa
H
D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy