title: Diminished medial prefrontal cortex activity in blood-injection-injury phobia.
abstract: We examined the effects of symptom induction on neural activation in blood-injection-injury (BII) phobia. Nine phobic and 10 non-phobic subjects participated in an fMRI study in which they were presented with disorder-relevant, generally disgust-inducing, generally fear-evoking and neutral pictures. We observed diminished medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) activity in patients compared to controls for phobia-relevant and disgust-inducing pictures. The MPFC has been shown to be critically involved in the automatic and effortful cognitive regulation of emotions. Therefore, the results might reflect reduced cognitive control of emotions in BII phobics during the experience of phobic symptoms as well as during states of disgust. The latter response component might be a result of the elevated disgust sensitivity of BII phobics.
authors.affiliation: Bender Institute of Neuroimaging, University of Giessen, Otto-Behaghel-Str. 10 H, 35394 Giessen, Germany. Andrea.Hermann@psychol.uni-giessen.de
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hermann
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.forename: Bertram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vaitl
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schienle
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000679:Amygdala / Q000503:physiopathology; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D001769:Blood; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000503:physiopathology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007267:Injections / Q000523:psychology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D010555:Personality Inventory; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019462:Syncope, Vasovagal / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D013788:Thalamus / Q000503:physiopathology