title: G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) mediates gene expression changes and growth response to 17beta-estradiol and selective GPR30 ligand G-1 in ovarian cancer cells.
abstract: Estrogens play a crucial role in the development of ovarian tumors; however, the signal transduction pathways involved in hormone action are still poorly defined. The orphan G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) mediates the nongenomic signaling of 17beta-estradiol (E2) in a variety of estrogen-sensitive cancer cells through activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway. Whether estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) also contributes to GPR30/EGFR signaling is less understood. Here, we show that, in ERalpha-positive BG-1 ovarian cancer cells, both E2 and the GPR30-selective ligand G-1 induced c-fos expression and estrogen-responsive element (ERE)-independent activity of a c-fos reporter gene, whereas only E2 stimulated an ERE-responsive reporter gene, indicating that GPR30 signaling does not activate ERalpha-mediated transcription. Similarly, both ligands up-regulated cyclin D1, cyclin E, and cyclin A, whereas only E2 enhanced progesterone receptor expression. Moreover, both GPR30 and ERalpha expression are required for c-fos stimulation and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in response to either E2 or G-1. Inhibition of the EGFR transduction pathway inhibited c-fos stimulation and ERK activation by either ligand, suggesting that in ovarian cancer cells GPR30/EGFR signaling relays on ERalpha expression. Interestingly, we show that both GPR30 and ERalpha expression along with active EGFR signaling are required for E2-stimulated and G-1-stimulated proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. Because G-1 was able to induce both c-fos expression and proliferation in the ERalpha-negative/GPR30-positive SKBR3 breast cancer cells, the requirement for ERalpha expression in GPR30/EGFR signaling may depend on the specific cellular context of different tumor types.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pharmaco-Biology and Cell Biology, University of Calabria, 87030 Rende (Cosenza), Italy.
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Albanito
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Madeo
authors.forename: Rosamaria
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lappano
authors.forename: Adele
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vivacqua
authors.forename: Vittoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rago
authors.forename: Amalia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carpino
authors.forename: Tudor I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Oprea
authors.forename: Eric R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Prossnitz
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Musti
authors.forename: Sebastiano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andò
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maggiolini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D048708:Cell Growth Processes; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016762:Genes, fos; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C517943:1-(4-(6-bromobenzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl)-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-3H-cyclopenta(c)quinolin-8-yl)ethanone; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; C109584:GPER1 protein, human; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D011804:Quinolines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D004958:Estradiol