Adult clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis with rapid progressive interstitial lung disease: a retrospective cohort study.
The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of adult clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) with rapid progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD). Hospitalized patients with dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) between 1998 and 2005 in the Shanghai Renji Hospital were retrospectively studied. One hundred and forty-five patients were classified into CADM, classic DM or PM according to the modified Sontheimer's definition or Bohan-Peter's classification criteria. They were further stratified based on the presence or absence of clinical ILD. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and COX regression were performed. The predictive factors for ILD and other clinical properties of CADM-ILD were explored. The presence of clinical ILD was a significant risk factor for the poor outcome of DM/PM (OR = 4.237, CI 95%: 1.239-14.49, p = 0.021). Other risk factors are the presence of rashes and elevated urea nitrogen. Patients with DM/PM complicated by ILD had different clinical courses. Patients with CADM-ILD showed a rapidly progressive pattern with 6-month survival rate of 40.8%. The DM-ILD manifested a progressive pattern with a 5-year survival rate of 54%, while PM-ILD was chronic with 5- and 10-year survival rate of 72.4% and 60.3%, respectively. Better preserved muscle strength, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and hypoalbuminemia may herald ILD in DM/PM. Patients with CADM-ILD who later died had lower PO(2), higher lactate dehydrogenase, and prominent arthritis/arthralgia compared with those who survived. The presence of antinuclear antibody seems to be protective. Rapid progressive CADM-ILD is refractory to conventional treatment. ILD is a common complication in over 40% of our hospitalized DM/PM cohort and is also a prominent prognostic indicator. CADM is a special phenotype of DM/PM. CADM-ILD, which is usually rapidly progressive and fatal, requires further investigation.
Ye
Shuang
S
Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Shandong (c) Rd, Shanghai 20001, China. yeshuang@online.sh.cn
Chen
Xiao-xiang
XX
Lu
Xiao-ye
XY
Wu
Mei-fang
MF
Deng
Yun
Y
Huang
Wen-qun
WQ
Guo
Qiang
Q
Yang
Cheng-de
CD
Gu
Yue-ying
YY
Bao
Chun-de
CD
Chen
Shun-le
SL
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003882:Dermatomyositis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D017285:Polymyositis / Q000378:metabolism; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome