title: Charcoal burning suicides in Hong Kong and urban Taiwan: an illustration of the impact of a novel suicide method on overall regional rates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Following the first case in Hong Kong in 1998, the method of committing suicide by charcoal burning has spread to other communities. This aim of this study was to examine the impact of charcoal burning suicides on both overall suicide rates and older-method suicide rates in Hong Kong and urban Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Trend analysis of the overall and method-specific suicide rates between 1997 and 2002. Comparison of age and gender profiles of those who committed suicide by charcoal burning and other methods of suicide.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hong Kong and Urban Taiwan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Suicides by charcoal burning increased rapidly within five years in both Hong Kong and urban Taiwan. This increase was not paralleled by decreases in suicides by older methods and led to an increase of more than 20% in the overall suicide rates. Those in the 24-39 age range were more likely to choose charcoal burning than other methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lack of parallel decreases in the suicides rates of older methods with the rise of charcoal burning suicides suggests limited substitution between the methods. The preponderance of the rise in suicide deaths associated with charcoal burning suggests that its invention, followed by wide media dissemination, may have specifically contributed to the increase in suicides in both regions. As a similar increase was found in urban Taiwan as in Hong Kong, charcoal burning suicide should not be viewed as merely a local health problem and has the potential to become a major public health threat in other countries.
authors.affiliation: HKJC Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Ka Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beautrais
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Caine
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Yeates
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Conwell
authors.forename: Chikin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: Dominic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Pichiang
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yip
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D002249:Carbon Monoxide Poisoning / Q000401:mortality*; D002606:Charcoal; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008402:Mass Media; D008875:Middle Aged; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013405:Suicide / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D014504:Urban Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D002606:Charcoal