title: Tyramine and phenylethylamine production among lactic acid bacteria isolated from wine.
abstract: The ability of wine lactic acid bacteria to produce tyramine and phenylethylamine was investigated by biochemical and genetic methods. An easy and accurate plate medium was developed to detect tyramine-producer strains, and a specific PCR assay that detects the presence of tdc gene was employed. All strains possessing the tdc gene were shown to produce tyramine and phenylethylamine. Wines containing high quantities of tyramine and phenylethylamine were found to contain Lactobacillus brevis or Lactobacillus hilgardii. The main tyramine producer was L. brevis. The ability to produce tyramine was absent or infrequent in the rest of the analysed wine species.
authors.affiliation: ENOLAB - Laboratori de Microbiologia Enològica, Departament de Microbiologia i Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de València, c/ Dr. Moliner 50, E46100 Burjassot-València, Spain.
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Landete
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pardo
authors.forename: Sergi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferrer
mesh_terms: D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D005516:Food Microbiology; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D010627:Phenethylamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D014439:Tyramine / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014445:Tyrosine Decarboxylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014920:Wine / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D010627:Phenethylamines; D014445:Tyrosine Decarboxylase; D014439:Tyramine