title: Influence of nebivolol and metoprolol on inflammatory mediators in human coronary endothelial or smooth muscle cells. Effects on neointima formation after balloon denudation in carotid arteries of rats treated with nebivolol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Inflammation plays a critical role in all stages of atherogenesis. Proliferating vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) and endothelial cells (EC) enhancing the inflammatory response, both contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis. Anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative therapy seems to be a promising therapeutic strategy. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effect of the beta-blocker nebivolol in comparison to metoprolol in vitro and to find out whether nebivolol inhibits neointima formation in vivo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Real-time-RT-PCR revealed a decrease in VCAM-1, ICAM-1, PDGF-B, E-selectin and P-selectin mRNA expression in human coronary artery EC and SMC incubated with nebivolol for 72 hours while metoprolol did not have this effect. Nebivolol reduced MCP-1 and PDGF-BB protein in the culture supernatant of SMC and EC, respectively. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with nebivolol for 0 or 35 days before and 28 days after carotid balloon injury. Immunohistological analyses showed that pre-treatment with nebivolol was associated with a decreased number of SMC layers and macrophages and an increased lumen area at the site of the arterial injury. The intima area was reduced by 43% after pre-treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that nebivolol reduced the expression of proinflammatory genes in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro whereas metoprolol did not. In vivo, nebivolol inhibited neointima formation by reducing SMC proliferation and macrophage accumulation.
authors.affiliation: Medical Clinic IV, University of Tuebingen.
authors.forename: Sabine C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sauter
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Preyer
authors.forename: Tudor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Poerner
authors.forename: Volkhard A J
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Kempf
authors.forename: Teut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Risler
authors.forename: Bernhard R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Brehm
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000187:drug effects*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000068577:Nebivolol; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D001578:Benzopyrans; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D004983:Ethanolamines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D000068577:Nebivolol; D008790:Metoprolol