Predictive value of the transtheoretical model to smoking cessation in hospitalized patients with cardiovascular disease.
BACKGROUND
Several authors have questioned the transtheoretical model. Determining the predictive value of each cognitive-behavioural element within this model could explain the multiple successes reported in smoking cessation programmes. The purpose of this study was to predict point-prevalent smoking abstinence at 2 and 6 months, using the constructs of the transtheoretical model, when applied to a pooled sample of individuals who were hospitalized for a cardiovascular event.


METHODS
The study follows a predictive correlation design.


METHODS
Recently hospitalized patients (n=168) with cardiovascular disease were pooled from a randomized, controlled trial. Independent variables of the predictive transtheoretical model comprise stages and processes of change, pros and cons to quit smoking (decisional balance), self-efficacy, and social support. These were evaluated at baseline, 2 and 6 months.


RESULTS
Compared to smokers, individuals who abstained from smoking at 2 and 6 months were more confident at baseline to remain non-smokers, perceived less pros and cons to continue smoking, utilized less consciousness raising and self-re-evaluation experiential processes of change, and received more positive reinforcement from their social network with regard to their smoke-free behaviour. Self-efficacy and stages of change at baseline were predictive of smoking abstinence after 6 months. Other variables found to be predictive of smoking abstinence at 6 months were an increase in self-efficacy; an increase in positive social support behaviour and a decrease of the pros within the decisional balance.


CONCLUSIONS
The results partially support the predictive value of the transtheoretical model constructs in smoking cessation for cardiovascular disease patients.
Chouinard
Maud-Christine
MC
Nursing and Health Department, University of Quebec at Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada. maud-christine_chouinard@uqac.ca
Robichaud-Ekstrand
Sylvie
S
D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*