title: Asymmetric T lymphocyte division in the initiation of adaptive immune responses.
abstract: A hallmark of mammalian immunity is the heterogeneity of cell fate that exists among pathogen-experienced lymphocytes. We show that a dividing T lymphocyte initially responding to a microbe exhibits unequal partitioning of proteins that mediate signaling, cell fate specification, and asymmetric cell division. Asymmetric segregation of determinants appears to be coordinated by prolonged interaction between the T cell and its antigen-presenting cell before division. Additionally, the first two daughter T cells displayed phenotypic and functional indicators of being differentially fated toward effector and memory lineages. These results suggest a mechanism by which a single lymphocyte can apportion diverse cell fates necessary for adaptive immunity.
authors.affiliation: Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Vikram R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Palanivel
authors.forename: Ichiko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kinjyo
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schambach
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Intlekofer
authors.forename: Arnob
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Sarah A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Longworth
authors.forename: Kristine E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Vinup
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mrass
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oliaro
authors.forename: Nigel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Killeen
authors.forename: Jordan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Orange
authors.forename: Sarah M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Weninger
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Reiner
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D019070:Cell Lineage; D016764:Cell Polarity; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000276:immunology; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008938:Mitosis; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D017471:Receptors, Interferon / Q000032:analysis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology; D000096743:Interferon gamma Receptor; D000099221:Protein Kinase C zeta
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D017471:Receptors, Interferon; D000096743:Interferon gamma Receptor; D000099221:Protein Kinase C zeta; C106293:Numb protein, mouse; C508433:scrib protein, mouse