title: Using web-based screening to enhance efficiency of HMO clinical trial recruitment in women aged forty and older.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Screening potential participants for clinical trials can be labor-intensive, particularly when using long questionnaires administered by telephone.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This report describes the development and use of an interactive recruitment website as a supplemental screening strategy for a study using telephone screening interviews.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female HMO members, aged 40 and older, were recruited for a study testing dietary change interventions. Cohorts of potential participants were identified from electronic membership records every two to four weeks; they were sent a letter describing the study and then contacted by telephone. Those interested in the study were asked to complete a 27-question screening interview focused on dietary habits. After 14 cohorts of women were recruited by this method (n=4246), a recruitment website was added and an additional 12 cohorts (n=3000) were contacted. The modified recruitment letter for these later screening cohorts included the website address and a personal password for each woman. The website contained study information, and those who were interested could complete eligibility screening on-line.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Proactive participant response (women actively seeking study participation/screening) to the recruitment mailing was 9.5% (95% confidence interval (CI), 8.6-10.4%) in the cohorts without the website option and 11.5% (CI, 10.4-12.7%) after addition of the website option (P=0.004). About half of women screened were ineligible for the study, a proportion that did not statistically differ by recruitment method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study population was limited to middle-aged and older female members of a non-profit health plan, so the generalizability of these findings to other populations is unknown. The pre-post design used in this study does not control for possible temporal changes unrelated to the study methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of the website screening option was associated with a relative 22% increase in recruitment combined with reduced staff time required for screening, thereby increasing screening efficiency. Web-based options for clinical trial recruitment and screening in targeted populations may increase response rates while also reducing staff time.
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, 3800 N Interstate Avenue, Portland, OR 97221, USA. sabina.smith@kpchr.org
authors.forename: K Sabina
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eubanks
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petrik
authors.forename: Victor J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Stevens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D005260:Female; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009939:Organizations, Nonprofit; D018579:Patient Selection