title: Valproic acid improves psychotic agitation without influencing plasma risperidone levels in schizophrenic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of valproic acid on plasma levels of risperidone and its active metabolite, 9-hydroxyrisperidone under steady state conditions in 12 schizophrenic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The efficacy and tolerability for the combination treatment of valproic acid and risperidone were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The addition of valproic acid to risperidone significantly reduced total scores of PANSS positive symptoms, especially excitement and hostility scores, but did not change SAS scores. Addition of valproic acid did not alter plasma concentrations of risperidone or 9-hydroxyrisperidone or active moiety, and the risperidone/9-hydroxyrisperidone ratio. The combination of valproic acid with risperidone decreased plasma levels of HVA, but not those of MHPG; additionally, treatment with this combination was found to reduce dopaminergic activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the addition of valproic acid to risperidone is both effective and well tolerated for treating excitement and impulsiveness in schizophrenic patients without influencing the metabolism of risperidone, and treatment with valproic acid and risperidone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan. yoshi621@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinkai
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006719:Homovanillic Acid / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D000068882:Paliperidone Palmitate; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011595:Psychomotor Agitation / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000097:blood; D018967:Risperidone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D018692:Antimanic Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D007555:Isoxazoles; D011743:Pyrimidines; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; D014635:Valproic Acid; D018967:Risperidone; D000068882:Paliperidone Palmitate; D006719:Homovanillic Acid