title: Comparison of the 2000 and 2005 outbreaks of tularemia in the Duzce region of Turkey.
abstract: Tularemia caused by Francisella tularensis, which is considered a biological warfare agent, is a widely distributed zoonosis. In this study, we aimed to compare a 2005 outbreak of tularemia that was confirmed as waterborne by PCR to outbreak of tularemia that was reported as waterborne in 2000 and to investigate the changes of epidemiological characteristics between these two outbreaks occurring in the same region. In the present study, a total of 11 patients were diagnosed with tularemia. In the 2000 outbreak, oropharyngeal type was observed 19 patients, and ulceroglandular type in 3 patients. In the 2005 outbreak, oropharyngeal type was observed in 8 patients, and oculoglandular type in 3 patients. However, our cases are not sufficient to make a conclusion that the characteristics of tularemia seem to be changing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Duzce University Medical School, Duzce, Turkey. davutozdemir@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Davut
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.forename: Irfan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sencan
authors.forename: Ali Nihat
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Annakkaya
authors.forename: Aynur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karadenizli
authors.forename: Ertugrul
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guclu
authors.forename: Erhan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sert
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Emeksiz
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kafali
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005604:Francisella tularensis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014406:Tularemia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis