title: Prevalence of Microsporidia, Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia spp. in beavers (Castor canadensis) in Massachusetts.
abstract: Feces from 62 beavers (Castor canadensis) in Massachusetts were examined by fluorescence microscopy (IFA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Microsporidia species, Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia spp. between January 2002 and December 2004. PCR-positive specimens were further examined by gene sequencing. Protist parasites were detected in 6.4% of the beavers. All were subadults and kits. Microsporidia species were not detected. Giardia spp. was detected by IFA from four beavers; Cryptosporidium spp. was also detected by IFA from two of these beavers. However, gene sequence data for the ssrRNA gene from these two Cryptosporidium spp.-positive beavers were inconclusive in identifying the species. Nucleotide sequences of the TPI, ssrRNA, and beta-giardin genes for Giardia spp. (deposited in GenBank) indicated that the four beavers were excreting Giardia duodenalis Assemblage B, the zoonotic genotype representing a potential source of waterborne Giardia spp. cysts.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Microbial Safety Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA.
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fayer
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santín
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Trout
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: DeStefano
authors.forename: Kiana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koenen
authors.forename: Taranjit
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaur
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000662:veterinary; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D005872:Giardia / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts / Q000453:epidemiology; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D016814:Microsporidia / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016881:Microsporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012376:Rodent Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012377:Rodentia