title: Picroliv accelerates epithelialization and angiogenesis in rat wounds.
abstract: Tissue repair and wound healing are complex processes that involve inflammation, granulation and tissue remodeling. Angiogenesis plays a central role in wound healing. Earlier, we have shown that picroliv, a natural product obtained from the roots of Picrorhiza kurrooa, up-regulates the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and of insulin-like growth factor in rats during hypoxia. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of picroliv in an ex vivo rat aorta ring model of angiogenesis. Picroliv enhanced the sprouting and migration of endothelial cells. We also investigated punch wound healing on days 4 and 7 after wounding by histology, morphometry and collagenization. The data showed improved re-epithelialization, neovascularization and migration of various cells such as endothelial, dermal myofibroblasts and fibroblasts into the wound bed after picroliv treatment. Immunohistochemical localization showed increased VEGF and alpha smooth muscle actin staining consistent with an increased number of microvessels in granulation tissue. These findings suggest that picroliv could be developed as a therapeutic angiogenic agent for the restoration of the blood supply in diseases involving inadequate blood supply such as limb ischemia, ischemic myocardium and wound healing.
authors.affiliation: Center for Combat Casualty and Life Sustainment Research, Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Life Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA.
authors.forename: Anoop K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Anuj
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: Subhashree
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Madhavan
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Steele
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: RajeshKumar
authors.forename: Rajesh L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Thangapazham
authors.forename: Shekhar C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Dinesh K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Kulshreshtha
authors.forename: Jaya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gaddipati
authors.forename: Radha K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Maheshwari
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006027:Glycosides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology; D008517:Phytotherapy; D032261:Picrorhiza; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018517:Plant Roots; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology; D014641:Vanillic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D002934:Cinnamates; D006027:Glycosides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C057463:kutkin; D014641:Vanillic Acid