title: In-plane stacking disorder in polydisperse hard sphere crystals.
abstract: We demonstrate that in random-stacking hard-sphere colloidal crystals the stacking disorder not only exists in the direction perpendicular to the close-packed layers, but also extends in the lateral direction. The existence of such in-plane stacking disorder is suggested by a recent observation of lateral broadening of the Bragg scattering rods in microradian X-ray diffraction and is further confirmed here by real-space confocal microscopy in two hard-sphere colloidal systems with different relative gravity effects. Due to the in-plane stacking disorder, the hexagonal planes consist of islands with different lateral A, B, and C positions with characteristic line defects in between them. The real-space layer-by-layer stacks of images also reveal the 3-D structure of the defects. The chance zeta to find another line-defect above a line-defect in the layer below turns out to be close to 1/2--independent of relative gravity--which can be explained by the two different stacking options above a defect. The stacking of a few sets of several line defects situated on top of each other turns out to be predominantly FCC-like.
authors.affiliation: Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Janne-Mieke
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Meijer
authors.forename: Volkert W A de
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Villeneuve
authors.forename: Andrei V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Petukhov