title: Age-dependent pharmacokinetics of lamivudine in HIV-infected children.
abstract: The recommended dose of lamivudine in children is higher when compared with adults: 4 mg/kg vs approximately 2 mg/kg (150 mg) and administered twice a day. Limited data are available to demonstrate that this increased dose results in adequate exposure to lamivudine in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Data were selected from children who were using lamivudine for at least 2 weeks before a full pharmacokinetic (PK) study was conducted. Lamivudine PK parameters were significantly related to age. The age of 6 years appeared to be a cutoff for a change in PK parameters of lamivudine, with children <6 years of age (n=17) having a median area under the curve 43% lower and a median peak plasma concentration 47% lower (both P<0.001) than older children (n=34). In conclusion, further investigation of the relationship between decreased lamivudine exposure and treatment outcome and long-term resistance development in younger children with HIV infection is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. D.Burger@akf.umcn.nl
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Burger
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Verweel
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rakhmanina
authors.forename: C P W G M
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Verwey-Van Wissen
authors.forename: C J L
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: La Porte
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bergshoeff
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lyall
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Hartwig
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soldin
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gibb
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Groot
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000465:Algorithms; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D019259:Lamivudine