title: Dendritic cells with TGF-beta1 differentiate naive CD4+CD25- T cells into islet-protective Foxp3+ regulatory T cells.
abstract: CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (T regs) are important for preventing autoimmune diabetes and are either thymic-derived (natural) or differentiated in the periphery outside the thymus (induced). Here we show that beta-cell peptide-pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) from nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice can effectively induce CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T cells from naïve islet-specific CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells in the presence of TGF-beta1. These induced, antigen-specific T regs maintain high levels of clonotype-specific T cell receptor expression and exert islet-specific suppression in vitro. When cotransferred with diabetogenic cells into NOD scid recipients, T regs induced with DCs and TGF-beta1 prevent the development of diabetes. Furthermore, in overtly NOD mice, these cells are able to significantly protect syngeneic islet grafts from established destructive autoimmunity. These results indicate a role for DCs in the induction of antigen-specific CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T cells that can inhibit fully developed autoimmunity in a nonlymphopoenic host, providing an important potential strategy for immunotherapy in patients with autoimmune diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and the Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Xunrong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Kristin V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Tarbell
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pothoven
authors.forename: Samantha L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: Ruchuang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Ralph M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Steinman
authors.forename: Manikkam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suthanthiran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D039521:CD11c Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology*; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000276:immunology*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D010455:Peptides; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D039521:CD11c Antigen; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C498833:Foxp3 protein, mouse; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D010455:Peptides; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1