title: Role of intestinal subepithelial myofibroblasts in inflammation and regenerative response in the gut.
abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by an ongoing mucosal inflammation caused by a dysfunctional host immune response to commensal microbiota and dietary factors. In the pathophysiology of IBD, mesenchymal cells such as intestinal subepithelial myofibroblasts (ISEMF) affect the recruitment, retention and activation of immune cells. Mesenchymal cells also promote resolution of inflammatory activity accompanied with balanced repair processes. The transient appearance of mesenchymal cells is a feature of normal wound healing, but the persistence of these cells is associated with tissue fibrosis. Recent studies suggest that mesenchymal cells derived from bone marrow (BM) stem cells play a crucial role in intestinal repair and fibrosis. This article focuses on recent knowledge about ISEMF in the field of immune response inflammation and repair. Two major topics were documented: interaction between interleukin (IL)-17-secreting CD4+ cells (Th-17 cells) and about role of BM-derived stem cells in mucosal regenerative response via differentiation to ISEMF. Recent therapeutic strategies targeting BM stem cells for IBD patients were also documented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa, Otsu 520-2192, Japan. andoh@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andoh
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bamba
authors.forename: Mairi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brittan
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujiyama
authors.forename: Nicholas A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000502:physiology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D012038:Regeneration; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020381:Interleukin-17; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases