Innate immune system regulation of nuclear hormone receptors in metabolic diseases.
The immune system modulates a number of biological processes to properly defend against pathogens. Here, we review how crosstalk between nuclear hormone receptors and the innate immune system may influence multiple biological functions during an immune response. Although nuclear hormone receptor repression of innate immune responses and inflammation has been well studied, a number of new studies have identified repression of nuclear hormone receptor signaling by various innate immune responses. IFN regulatory factor 3, a key transcription factor involved in the induction of antiviral genes, may play a role in mediating such crosstalk between the innate immune response and nuclear receptor-regulated metabolism. This crosstalk mechanism is now implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and Reye's syndrome and could provide an explanation for other pathogen-associated metabolic and developmental disorders.
Chow
Edward Kai-Hua
EK
Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
Razani
Bahram
B
Cheng
Genhong
G
D000818:Animals; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D050838:Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 / Q000276:immunology; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D018448:Models, Immunological; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D047490:Retinoid X Receptor alpha / Q000276:immunology
C494232:IRF3 protein, human; D050838:Interferon Regulatory Factor-3; C494233:Irf3 protein, mouse; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D047490:Retinoid X Receptor alpha