title: Night vision disturbances after successful LASIK surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the changes in correlations of higher order aberrations of the first corneal surface with halo phenomena, a form of image degradation, under night vision conditions measured objectively after successful LASIK (laser in situ keratomileusis) surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, observational, analytical study of 110 eyes that had undergone successful LASIK surgery for myopia and astigmatism. Preoperative sphere was (mean (SD)) -3.48 (1.70) D (0 to -8.00 D) and preoperative cylinder was -0.86 (0.87) D (0 to -4.00 D). Visual disturbance caused by halo phenomena was measured with the Starlights v1.0, and pupil size was measured with Colvard pupilometry after adaptation to a dark environment (0.17 lux). Corneal aberrations were computed for a corneal diameter representative of the eye's entrance pupil under night vision conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The halo disturbance index increased in this study by a factor of 2.15 after successful LASIK surgery. Total root mean square for monochromatic higher order aberration displayed a significant correlation with halo disturbance index (r = 0.42; p<0.01). However, only secondary astigmatism (r = 0.36; p<0.01), coma (r = 0.25; p = 0.02) and spherical aberration (r = 0.40; p<0.01) were responsible for such behaviour, with the remaining corneal aberrations up to the sixth order not displaying any significant correlation when considered individually.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients undergoing LASIK procedures display an increase of halo phenomena around lights in night vision conditions, even when the results of the surgery are considered entirely satisfactory according to current international standards of predictability, efficacy and safety. Secondary astigmatism, coma and spherical aberration are the higher order aberrations up to the sixth order that significantly correlated with halo disturbance index.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
authors.forename: José Ramón
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: González-Méijome
mesh_terms: D015350:Contrast Sensitivity; D003315:Cornea / Q000601:surgery*; D003624:Darkness; D005260:Female; D019466:Glare; D006801:Humans; D054018:Lasers, Excimer; D008297:Male; D009755:Night Blindness / Q000209:etiology*; D018903:Photorefractive Keratectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D054140:Refractive Surgical Procedures; D014792:Visual Acuity