title: Assessment of vulvodynia symptoms in a sample of US women: a prevalence survey with a nested case control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vulvodynia is a chronic pain syndrome of unknown origin with scant data on frequency. This study assessed the prevalence of vulvodynia symptoms in a sample of US women and compared health characteristics of symptomatic and asymptomatic women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A phone survey contacted 2127 US households to identify 100 symptomatic women, who were matched on age and time zone to 325 asymptomatic controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and logistic regression were used to model associations between pain, medical conditions, and health care utilization variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Current vulvar pain of at least 6 months duration was reported by 3.8% of respondents, with a 9.9% lifetime prevalence. Forty-five percent of women with pain reported an adverse effect on their sexual life and 27% an adverse effect on their lifestyle. Cases more frequently reported repeated urinary tract infections (OR, 6.15; 95% CI, 3.51-10.77) and yeast infections (OR, 4.24; 95% CI, 2.47-7.28). Associations existed with chronic fatigue syndrome (OR, 2.78; 95% CI, 1.33-6.19), fibromyalgia (OR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.06-4.36), depression (OR, 2.99; 95% CI, 1.87-4.80), and irritable bowel syndrome (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.07-3.23).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lifetime chronic vulvar pain was less prevalent in this national sample of women than previous data suggest and was correlated with several comorbid chronic medical conditions and substantial reduction in self-reported quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Gloria A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: George G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Rhoads
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004414:Dyspareunia; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014845:Vulvar Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*