title: Factors affecting task management in aviation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the influence of ongoing task display "compellingness" on attention allocation patterns and assessed its interaction with interrupting task salience and importance.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  There are some concerns that the compellingness of flight deck tunnel displays renders the task they support more resistant to interruptions, thus preventing the pilot from noticing cues signaling the need to divert attention to other tasks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty pilots flew three curved approaches in a high-fidelity simulation using a synthetic vision system (SVS) display. In addition to the primary task of flying, during the last approach they were required to select the approach path on the basis of environmental information concerning weather. The display layout supporting the primary flight task (tunnel vs. baseline display), the nature of the cue signaling the need to divert attention to the path selection task (visual vs. auditory-visual cue), and the cost of not performing the secondary task were manipulated to investigate their influence on task prioritization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The modality and priority of the cue affected the frequency of the switch to the secondary task. Furthermore, pilots flying with a tunnel display were more likely to detect the change in the weather and were easily interrupted by the secondary task when priority was high.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that some of the concerns regarding the negative consequences of the compelling nature of the tunnel display may not be as pronounced as thought.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study highlights the utility of the tunnel display in improving flight safety.
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA. iani.cristina@unimore.it
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Iani
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Wickens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000401:Aircraft; D001288:Attention; D001359:Aviation; D003463:Cues; D003626:Data Display; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis