title: Desflurane versus sevoflurane for laparoscopic gastroplasty in morbidly obese patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if desflurane results in a faster emergence as measured by time to eye opening compared to sevoflurane in morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic gastroplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, double-blinded study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  70 patients with a body mass index of 35 or higher undergoing laparoscopic gastroplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized into two groups to receive either desflurane or sevoflurane for maintenance of general anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intraoperative measured variables included the time from when the inhalation agent was turned off (no agent delivered) to eye opening and the time from when the inhalation agent was turned off to extubation. Postanesthesia care unit (PACU)-measured variables on admission and at 15 minute intervals until discharge included oxygen saturation (Spo2), blood pressure, heart rate, pain and nausea Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, emesis, modified Aldrete score, and Mini-Mental Status (MMS) examination score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences were noted in demographic data, total surgical operative time, times from turning inhalation agent off to eye opening and extubation, or average length of stay in PACU. No differences were noted with respect to pain VAS, treatment for pain, modified Aldrete scores, emesis, or treatment for postoperative nausea or emesis. Differences were noted in PACU nausea VAS at 15 minutes, PACU nausea VAS at discharge, and PACU-MMS score at 45 minutes; however, multivariate analysis of variance revealed no differences between groups over the repeated PACU measured time periods in nausea VAS (P=0.17) or in MMS (P=0.34). Higher heart rates in the desflurane group were observed during PACU admission (82.3+/-9.8 vs 74.4+/-13.4 bpm, P<0.01) and 15 minutes post PACU admission (79.4+/-12.1 vs 71.3+/-13.2 bpm, P=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic gastroplasty, emergence, as measured by time to eye opening, did not differ between desflurane and sevoflurane, with similar recovery characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh, Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. vallejomc@anes.upmc.edu
authors.forename: Manuel C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Vallejo
authors.forename: Neera
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sah
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Phelps
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
authors.forename: Ryan C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Romeo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D000077335:Desflurane; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D015391:Gastroplasty; D006801:Humans; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077149:Sevoflurane
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D000077335:Desflurane; D007530:Isoflurane