title: Interferon-induced inhibition of parainfluenza virus type 5; the roles of MxA, PKR and oligo A synthetase/RNase L.
abstract: We have previously reported that the addition of interferon (IFN) to the culture medium of Vero cells (which cannot produce IFN) that were infected with the CPI- strain of parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5, formally known as SV5), that fails to block IFN signaling, rapidly induces alterations in the relative levels of virus mRNA and protein synthesis. In addition, IFN treatment also caused a rapid redistribution of virus proteins and enhanced the formation of cytoplasmic viral inclusion bodies. The most studied IFN-induced genes with known anti-viral activity are MxA, PKR and the Oligo A synthetase/RNase L system. We therefore examined the effects of these proteins on the replication cycle of PIV5. These studies revealed that while these proteins had some anti-viral activity against PIV5 they were not primarily responsible for the very rapid alteration in virus protein synthesis observed following IFN treatment, nor for the IFN-induced formation of virus inclusion bodies, in CPI- infected cells.
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Carlos
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stertz
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kochs
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Randall
mesh_terms: D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004722:Endoribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons / Q000276:immunology*; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D019213:Rubulavirus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D014709:Vero Cells; D014779:Virus Replication; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C579071:MX1 protein, human; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D007372:Interferons; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase; D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase; D004722:Endoribonucleases; C031956:2-5A-dependent ribonuclease; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins