title: Factors affecting trypanosome maturation in tsetse flies.
abstract: Trypanosoma brucei brucei infections which establish successfully in the tsetse fly midgut may subsequently mature into mammalian infective trypanosomes in the salivary glands. This maturation is not automatic and the control of these events is complex. Utilising direct in vivo feeding experiments, we report maturation of T. b. brucei infections in tsetse is regulated by antioxidants as well as environmental stimuli. Dissection of the maturation process provides opportunities to develop transmission blocking vaccines for trypanosomiasis. The present work suggests L-cysteine and/or nitric oxide are necessary for the differentiation of trypanosome midgut infections in tsetse.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kindgom.
authors.forename: Ewan Thomas
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Macleod
authors.forename: Alistair Charles
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Darby
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Maudlin
authors.forename: Sue Christina
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Welburn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D003545:Cysteine / Q000502:physiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000502:physiology*; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000502:physiology; D007422:Intestines / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000469:parasitology; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012756:Sheep / Q000097:blood; D013696:Temperature; D014346:Trypanosoma brucei brucei / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D014370:Tsetse Flies / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D005978:Glutathione; D003545:Cysteine; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester