title: A novel non-protein-coding infection-specific gene family is clustered throughout the genome of Phytophthora infestans.
abstract: Phytophthora infestans is the cause of late blight, a devastating and re-emerging disease of potato. Significant advances have been made in understanding the biology of P. infestans, and in the development of molecular tools to study this oomycete. Nevertheless, little is known about the molecular bases of the establishment or development of disease in this hemibiotrophic pathogen. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to generate cDNA enriched for sequences upregulated during potato infection. To identify pathogen-derived cDNAs, and eliminate host sequences from further study, SSH cDNA was hybridized to a P. infestans bacterial artificial chromosome library. A new gene family was identified called Pinci1, comprising more than 400 members arranged in clusters of up to nine copies throughout the P. infestans draft genome sequence. Real-time RT-PCR was used to quantify the expression of five classes of transcript within the family, relative to the constitutively expressed PiactA gene, and it revealed them to be significantly upregulated from 12 to 33 h post-inoculation, a period defining the biotrophic phase of infection. Computational analysis of sequences suggested that transcripts were non-protein coding, and this was confirmed by transient expression of FLAG-tagged ORFs in P. infestans.
authors.affiliation: Plant Pathology Programme, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK.
authors.forename: Anna O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Avrova
authors.forename: Stephen C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Whisson
authors.forename: Leighton
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pritchard
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Venter
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: Ingo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hein
authors.forename: Paul R J
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Birch
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D048028:DNA, Algal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D018628:Gene Dosage; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015723:Gene Library; D016678:Genome; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010838:Phytophthora / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics*; D048030:RNA, Algal / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D048028:DNA, Algal; D048030:RNA, Algal; D022661:RNA, Untranslated