title: [The action of active efflux system on multi-drug resistance in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the active efflux gene qacB, qacJ and smr in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and to investigate their effect on the multi-drug resistance (MDR) of MRSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  The three pairs of ideal primers of active efflux gene qacB, qacJ and smr were designed by computer with Primer Premier 5.0 software. A total of 124 clinical isolates of MRSA were amplified respectively by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with above mentioned primers. The PCR products were separated by electrophoresis on an 1.5% agarose gel with 0.5 microg/ml ethidium bromide. Reserpine inhibition test was used to observe the changes of the susceptibility to antibiotics of MRSA which had qacB, qacJ and smr genes separately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 124 strains of MRSA, 86 strains had qacB, 45 strains had qacJ and 32 strains had smr gene. Reserpine inhibition test showed that the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) decreased 2 to 32 times for MRSA to levofloxacin and rifampin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MRSA have qacB, qacJ and smr active efflux systems, which play a very important role in multiple antibiotic resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-neng
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Jian-guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ying-chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jia-xin
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Shu-qing
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D016106:Methicillin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial