title: An inhibitory effect on cell proliferation by blockage of the MAPK/estrogen receptor/MDM2 signal pathway in gynecologic cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We previously demonstrated that that the Ras/ER/MDM2 pathway was critical for NIH3T3 cell transformation. In this study, we examined the effect of blocking this pathway on cell growth in gynecologic cancer cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  (1) The levels of MDM2, ER, p53 and p21 in endometrial or ovarian cancer cell lines were investigated and compared with that in normal cells by Western blots. (2) The effects of MEK-inhibitor and/or anti-estrogen, and siRNA of MDM2 on cell growth, tumorigenicity in nude mice were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MDM2 level was enhanced in cancer cells compared with normal cells. Treatment with MEK inhibitor(U0126) resulted in a reduced MDM2 level, enhanced p53 and p21 levels and inhibited cell growth by the induction of premature senescence. The effect of MEK inhibitor on cell growth was affected by ER levels and functions. Treatment with low-dose MEK inhibitor in combination with anti-estrogen (ICI182,780) had a more inhibitory effect on cell growth compared to treatment with MEK inhibitor or anti-estrogen alone in cancer cells. Down-regulation of the MDM2 level by siRNA resulted in the inhibition of growth in cancer cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The blockage of the MAPK/ER/MDM2 pathway suppress cell proliferation and it is supposed as a new molecular target therapy in estrogen-dependent gynecologic cancers, such as endometrial or ovarian cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Division of Molecular and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Maidadhi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suga
authors.forename: Kiyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Tatsuhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohgami
authors.forename: Asako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamayoshi
authors.forename: Sawako
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asanoma
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arima
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wake
mesh_terms: D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015536:Down-Regulation; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D006801:Humans; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D004958:Estradiol; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)