title: Detection of biomarkers for alcoholism by two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Up to now, gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GTP) and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) have been used as markers for alcoholism most widely, but they are not satisfactory regarding sensitivity/specificity. Therefore, for novel markers need to be searched.
  
  
  METHODS
  To detect new biomarkers for alcoholism, albumin and immunoglobulinG were first removed from serum. Then, protein profiles of 12 serum samples before and after 3 months of abstinence treatment were examined using agarose 2-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (agarose2-D DIGE). Two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis images were analyzed using Shimadzu 2-D Evolution Software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight spots whose expression were significantly altered after abstinence were detected. Of these, 2 proteins increased and 6 proteins decreased after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Altered expressions of several serum proteins after abstinence therapy were detected. They are promising markers for clinical application of alcoholism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomonaga
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sogawa
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sunaga
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nezu
authors.forename: Masamichi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oh-Ishi
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kodera
authors.forename: Tadakazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Takenori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nomura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013695:Temperance; D014168:Transferrin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D014168:Transferrin; C056759:carbohydrate-deficient transferrin; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase