title: Measles-mumps-rubella and varicella vaccine responses in extremely preterm infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Extremely preterm infants mount lower antibody responses than term infants to several vaccines. The objective of this study was to measure the immunogenicity of measles-mumps-rubella and varicella vaccines in preterm and term children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immune status before immunization and immune response after immunization with measles-mumps-rubella and varicella vaccines at 15 months of age were compared in 32 infants, 16 of whom were preterm (< 29 weeks' gestation) and 16 of whom were term (> or = 37 weeks' gestation) at birth. Blood was drawn before vaccination and 3 to 6 weeks thereafter. Measles antibody was measured by plaque reduction neutralization assay. Mumps and rubella immunoglobulin G were measured in available sera by enzyme-linked fluorescent immunoassay. Varicella immunoglobulin G was measured in available sera by glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Values that were above or below the assay limits were assigned values double or half those limits, respectively. The primary outcome was the geometric mean antibody titer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preterm children had lower mumps and rubella geometric mean titers than did term children before vaccine, and nearly all children were seronegative for each of the 4 vaccine antigens before immunization. Measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella geometric mean titers were similar between groups after vaccine. All children were seropositive for measles after vaccine, whereas 13 of 14 preterm and 11 of 13 term children were seropositive for mumps, 13 of 14 preterm and 13 of 13 term children were seropositive for rubella, and 11 of 16 preterm and 9 of 15 term children were seropositive for varicella.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preterm children mounted antibody responses that were similar to those of term children after measles-mumps-rubella and varicella vaccines at 15 months of age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. carl_dangio@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Carl T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: D'Angio
authors.forename: Paulina A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Boohene
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mowrer
authors.forename: Susette
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Audet
authors.forename: Marilyn A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Menegus
authors.forename: D Scott
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Judy A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Beeler
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D019433:Chickenpox Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D014645:Herpesvirus 3, Human / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D052577:Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D008459:Measles virus / Q000276:immunology; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D009109:Mumps virus / Q000276:immunology; D012016:Reference Values; D012412:Rubella virus / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D019433:Chickenpox Vaccine; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine