Practical implications of procedures developed in IDEA project--comparison with traditional methods.
The idea of the IDEA project aimed to improve assessment of incorporated radionuclides through developments of more reliable and possibly faster in vivo and bioassay monitoring techniques and making use of such enhancements for improvements in routine monitoring. In direct in vivo monitoring technique the optimum choice of the detectors to be applied for different monitoring tasks has been investigated in terms of material, size and background in order to improve conditions namely to increase counting efficiency and reduce background. Detailed studies have been performed to investigate the manifold advantageous applications and capabilities of numerical simulation method for the calibration and optimisation of in vivo counting systems. This calibration method can be advantageously applied especially in the measurement of low-energy photon emitting radionuclides, where individual variability is a significant source of uncertainty. In bioassay measurements the use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) can improve considerably both the measurement speed and the lower limit of detection currently achievable with alpha spectrometry for long-lived radionuclides. The work carried out in this project provided detailed guidelines for optimum performance of the technique of ICP-MS applied mainly for the determination of uranium and thorium nuclides in the urine including sampling procedure, operational parameters of the instruments and interpretation of the measured data. The paper demonstrates the main advantages of investigated techniques in comparison with the performances of methods commonly applied in routine monitoring practice.
Andrasi
A
A
KFKI Atomic Energy Research Institute, H-1525 Budapest, P. O. Box 49, Hungary. andrasi@sunserv.kfki.hu
Bouvier
C
C
Brandl
A
A
de Carlan
L
L
Fischer
H
H
Franck
D
D
Höllriegl
V
V
Li
W B
WB
Oeh
U
U
Ritt
J
J
Roth
P
P
Schlagbauer
M
M
Schmitzer
Ch
Ch
Wahl
W
W
Zombori
P
P
D000465:Algorithms; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D008954:Models, Biological; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods*; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D011868:Radioisotopes