title: Association between physical activity, adiposity, and lipid abnormalities in children with familial hyperlipidemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The benefits of physical activity in children have been studied extensively; however, its role in children with familial hyperlipidemia (FH) is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine associations between physical activity, adiposity, and lipid profiles in children with FH.
  
  
  METHODS
  A physical activity questionnaire was completed by 147 children with FH. Correlations between activity levels, body mass index (BMI), and fasting lipid profiles were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of patients was 12.5+/-3.2 years with a mean total cholesterol of 6.17 mmol/l (238 mg/dl), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol of 4.43 (171), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol of 1.08 (42), and triglyceride levels of 1.51 (134). Patients had greater weight for height indices than normal, with a mean BMI z score of +0.90+/-1.30 SD (P<0.001 versus normal), and with 21% of the participants being more than 2 SD above normal. Higher BMI z scores significantly correlated with higher triglyceride levels (r=0.33; P<0.0001) and greater time spent in sedentary pursuits (r=0.24; P=0.004), in particular watching television (r=0.26; P=0.003). The increased time that other family members spent in physical activity significantly correlated with a lower BMI z score (r=-0.21; P=0.01) of the patient and greater time spent in physical activity (r=0.24; P=0.003). There was no association between patients' physical activity levels and lipid profile or BMI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Similar to the general population, children with FH are also at risk of becoming overweight. Increased adiposity significantly correlated with the greater sedentary activities of the patient, lower physical activities of the family, and higher triglyceride levels. Physical activity levels of the patient correlated with family activity levels.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Paaladinesh
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thavendiranathan
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Ra K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Geraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cullen-Dean
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Helden
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Conner
authors.forename: Brian W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: McCrindle
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006950:Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol