title: A randomized clinical trial to assess the impact on an emergency response system on anxiety and health care use among older emergency patients after a fall.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Personal emergency response systems (PERSs) are reported to reduce anxiety and health care use and may assist in planning the disposition of older patients discharged from the emergency department (ED) to home. This study measured the impact of a PERS on anxiety, fear of falling, and subsequent health care use among older ED patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a randomized controlled trial comparing PERS use with standard ED discharge planning in subjects 70 years of age or older discharged home after a fall. Outcome assessors were blinded to the study objectives. Anxiety and fear of falling were measured at baseline and 30 days using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale anxiety subscale (HADS-A) and modified Falls Efficacy Scale (mFES). Return to the ED, hospitalization, and length of stay were recorded after 30 and 60 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-six subjects were randomized and completed follow up (43 per group). There was no important difference in mean reduction in anxiety (mean change treatment - control, +0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] = -1.5 to 0.76; p = 0.55) or fear of falling (mean change, +4.5; 95% CI = -6.7 to 15.7; p = 0.70). Return visits to the ED occurred in eight of 43 patients in both the control and treatment groups (risk difference, 0.0%; 95% CI = -16% to 16%). Hospitalization occurred in six of 43 in the control group versus three of 43 in the treatment group (risk difference treatment - control = -7.0%; 95% CI = -19.8% to 5.9%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to previous studies, there was no evidence that a PERS reduced anxiety, fear of falling, or return to the ED among older persons discharged from the ED.
authors.affiliation: University of Toronto and Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. jacques.lee@sunnybrook.ca
authors.forename: Jacques S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Mary Jane
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hurley
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carew
authors.forename: Rory
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Drummond
mesh_terms: D000056:Accident Prevention / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000058:Accidental Falls; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004631:Emergency Medical Service Communication Systems; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric