title: PSA-NCAM in postnatally generated immature neurons of the olfactory bulb: a crucial role in regulating p75 expression and cell survival.
abstract: In the mammalian brain, ongoing neurogenesis via the rostral migratory stream (RMS) maintains neuronal replacement in the olfactory bulb throughout life. Mechanisms that regulate the final number of new neurons in this system include proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Here we show that the polysialylated isoforms of the neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) act as a pro-survival molecule in immature newborn neurons. Confocal microscopic analysis revealed a threefold increase in TUNEL-positive cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the RMS of transgenic animals lacking the gene encoding NCAM (NCAM(-/-)), as compared with wild types. The enhanced apoptotic cell death occurred specifically in the population of mCD24-positive newborn neurons, but not in GFAP-positive astrocytes. Using in vitro cultures of purified SVZ-derived neurons, we demonstrate that the loss or inactivation of PSA on NCAM, as well as the deletion of NCAM, lead to reduced survival in response to neurotrophins including BDNF and NGF. These changes in cell survival are accompanied by an upregulation of p75 neurotrophin receptor expression in vitro as well as in vivo. Furthermore, the negative effects of PSA-NCAM inactivation on cell survival could be prevented by the pharmacological blockade of the p75 receptor-signaling pathway. We propose that PSA-NCAM may promote survival by controlling the expression of the p75 receptor in developing neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Geneva Medical School, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gascon
authors.forename: Laszlo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vutskits
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jenny
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Durbec
authors.forename: Jozsef Zoltan
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Kiss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D039842:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012794:Sialic Acids / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D039842:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor; D012794:Sialic Acids; C103469:polysialyl neural cell adhesion molecule