Brain micro-ecologies: neural stem cell niches in the adult mammalian brain.
Neurogenesis persists in two germinal regions in the adult mammalian brain, the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone in the hippocampal formation. Within these two neurogenic niches, specialized astrocytes are neural stem cells, capable of self-renewing and generating neurons and glia. Cues within the niche, from cell-cell interactions to diffusible factors, are spatially and temporally coordinated to regulate proliferation and neurogenesis, ultimately affecting stem cell fate choices. Here, we review the components of adult neural stem cell niches and how they act to regulate neurogenesis in these regions.
Riquelme
Patricio A
PA
Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York City, NY 10032, USA.
Drapeau
Elodie
E
Doetsch
Fiona
F
D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000166:cytology; D008322:Mammals; D008954:Models, Biological; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*