Streptococcus suis: an emerging zoonotic pathogen.
Streptococcus suis is a major porcine pathogen worldwide, and can be transmitted to human beings by close contact with sick or carrier pigs. S suis causes meningitis, septicaemia, endocarditis, arthritis, and septic shock in both pigs and human beings, and mortality is high. Human infection with S suis occurs mainly among certain risk groups that have frequent exposure to pigs or pork. Outbreaks of human S suis infection are uncommon, although several outbreaks have occurred in China in recent years. In July, 2005, the largest outbreak of human S suis infection occurred in Sichuan province, China, where 204 people were infected and 38 of them died. There have been 409 cases of human S suis infection worldwide, most of which have occurred in China, Thailand, and the Netherlands, and these infections have led to 73 deaths. This review provides background information on the biology and molecular characteristics of this Gram-positive bacterium, and describes the clinical signs, pathology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of human infection with S suis.
Lun
Zhao-Rong
ZR
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Center for Parasitic Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan (Sun Yat-Sen) University, Guangzhou, China. lsslzr@mail.sysu.edu.cn
Wang
Qiao-Ping
QP
Chen
Xiao-Guang
XG
Li
An-Xing
AX
Zhu
Xing-Quan
XQ
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D017011:Streptococcus suis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D015047:Zoonoses