Clonal distribution of invasive Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C strains circulating from 1976 to 2005 in greater Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Meningococcal disease is characterized by cyclic fluctuations in incidence, serogroup distribution, and antigenic profiles. In greater São Paulo, Brazil, there has been a constant increase in the incidence of serogroup C meningococcal disease since the late 1980s. To gain an understanding of changes in serogroup C meningococcal disease over three decades in greater São Paulo, Brazil, 1,059 invasive Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C isolates from 1976 and 2005 were analyzed. Three major clone complexes, sequence type (ST)-11, ST-8, and ST-103, were identified by multilocus sequence typing, and the isolates were characterized by serotyping and 16S rRNA typing. During the 30-year period, there were two major antigenic replacements: from 2a:P1.(5,2) to 2b:P1.3 and subsequently to 23:P1.14-6. All strains of clone ST-103 were characterized as serotype 23 and serosubtype P1.14-6. The origin of 23:P1.14-6 ST-103 complex strains is unknown, but efforts are needed to monitor its spread and define its virulence. The antigenic replacements we observed likely represent a mechanism to sustain meningococcal disease in the population as immunity to circulating strains accumulated.
de Lemos
Ana Paula Silva
AP
Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 351 9 andar, São Paulo 01246-900, Brazil. apaula@ial.sp.gov.br
Yara
Teresa Ykuko
TY
Gorla
Maria Cecília Outeiro
MC
de Paiva
Maria Vaneide
MV
de Souza
Adriana Lambert
AL
Gonçalves
Maria Inês Cappelletti
MI
de Almeida
Samanta Cristine Grassi
SC
do Valle
Gloria Regina Feitas
GR
Sacchi
Claudio Tavares
CT
D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006801:Humans; D008585:Meningitis, Meningococcal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D038542:Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup C / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012703:Serotyping
D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S