title: [Osteoclastic bone destruction and its regulating factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the osteoclastic activity in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) invading the jaws and to observe the expression of RANKL and OPG, the two bone resorption related cytokines, in these cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve cases of OSCC invading the mandible were studied. After pathological diagnosis, operations were done to remove part of the mandible depending upon the X-ray findings. Fresh soft tissue specimens were frozen-sectioned and other specimens with the bone tissue were fixed and decalcified to make paraffin sections. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP) staining and immunohistochemical staining were then applied to observe the location of osteoclasts and the expression of RANKL and OPG.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TRAP positive multinuclear cells were detected near the interface between the bone and tumor. RANKL positive cells were commonly seen on the endothelium of blood vessel and basement membrane of the epithelium. But OPG reactivities were not seen in these sections.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The bone destruction caused by OSCC is mediated by osteoclasts but not by cancer cell itself. It appears that the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts were induced by OSCC through cytokines like RANKL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peiking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081,China. cuinianhui@sina.com
authors.forename: Nian-hui
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: En-bo
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ming-jie
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Chuan-bin
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Guang-yan
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand