title: [Guanosine and inosine as natural geneprotectors for mice blood cells exposed to X-rays].
abstract: The radioprotective effects of guanosine and of inosine on bone marrow cells of mice exposed to acute X-rays (1.5 Gy) were studied by using the micronuclear test. The guanosine and inosine (riboxine) decrease the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes and significantly recover erythropoiesis. Also, radioprotective effects of the guanosine and of the inosine on the irradiated leucocytes of mice were tested by the alkaline comet assay. Was shown that purine ribonucleosides diminish quantity of DNA damage and activates repair processes in leucocytes under irradiation of blood and animals. The reactive oxygen species induced by ionizing radiation perform essential role in DNA damaging. Using a sensitive method of enhanced chemiluminescence in a peroxidase-luminol-p-iodophenol system for quantitative measurement of hydrogen peroxide and coumarin-3-carboxylic acid for quantitative measurement of hydroxyl radicals we have shown that guanosine and inosine essentially decrease the yield of hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals in X-ray-irradiated water. The results obtained indicate that radioprotective properties of guanosine and inosine (riboxine) in the blood cells are operative at the genome level.
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Gudkov
authors.forename: O Iu
authors.initials: OIu
authors.lastname: Gudkova
authors.forename: I N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Shtarkman
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Gapeev
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Chemeris
authors.forename: V I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Bruskov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D006151:Guanosine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D007288:Inosine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D049449:Luminescence; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014867:Water; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D014867:Water; D006151:Guanosine; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D007288:Inosine; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide