title: Comparative evaluation of the Ridascreen Verotoxin enzyme immunoassay for detection of Shiga-toxin producing strains of Escherichia coli (STEC) from food and other sources.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the suitability of the commercially distributed Ridascreen Verotoxin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for detection of known genetic types of the Vero (Shiga) toxins 1 (Stx1) and 2 (Stx2) families and to determine its relative sensitivity and specificity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Ridascreen-EIA was compared with the Vero cell assay, a P(1)-glycoprotein receptor EIA and with stx gene-specific PCs for detection of Stx with 43 Shiga toxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli (STEC) reference strains and with 241 test strains. The Ridascreen-EIA detects strains producing Stx1 and variants Stx1c and Stx1d, as well as Stx2 and variants Stx2d1, Stx2d2, Stx2e, Stx2d, Stx2-O118 (Stx2d-ount), Stx2-NV206, Stx2f and Stx2g. The assay showed a relative sensitivity of 95.7% and a relative specificity of 98.7%. Some of the Stx2-O118-, Stx2e- and Stx2g-producing STEC were not detected with the Ridascreen-EIA probably because of low amount of toxin produced by these strains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Ridascreen-EIA is able to detect all known types of Stx and is applicable for routine screening of bacterial isolates owing to its high specificity. It is less applicable for testing samples where low amounts of Stx are expected, such as mixed cultures and certain Stx2 variants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study presents a first comprehensive evaluation of the Ridascreen-EIA, a rapid standardized STEC screening test for routine diagnostic laboratories. Data are presented on the type of the spectrum of Stx that are detected with this immunoassay and its advantages and limits for practical use.
authors.affiliation: National Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment BfR, Berlin, Germany. l.beutin@bfr.bund.de
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Beutin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Steinrück
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Steege
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haby
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hultsch
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Appel
mesh_terms: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D005516:Food Microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D022622:Shiga Toxin 1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D022641:Shiga Toxin 2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D022603:Shiga Toxins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014709:Vero Cells; D000097202:ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 4
chemical_list: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D022622:Shiga Toxin 1; D022641:Shiga Toxin 2; D022603:Shiga Toxins; D000097202:ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 4