Glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1 polymorphisms and arsenic content in hair and urine in two ethnic clans exposed to indoor combustion of high arsenic coal in Southwest Guizhou, China.
A total of 2,402 cases of arsenic-related skin lesions (as of 2002) in a few villages of China's Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture represent a unique case of endemic arseniasis related with indoor combustion of high arsenic coal. A significant difference of skin lesion prevalence was observed between two clans of different ethnicities (Hmong and Han) in one of the hyperendemic villages in this prefecture. This study was focused on a possible involvement of GST T1 and M1 polymorphisms in risk modulation of skin lesions and in the body burden of As in this unique case of As exposure. GST T1 and M1 polymorphisms were genotyped by an allele-specific PCR-based procedure. Total As contents in hair and urine samples as well as environmental samples of the homes of the two ethnic clans were analyzed. No significant deviations in the population frequencies of GST T1 and M1 0/0 genotypes or their combination were recorded between diagnosed skin lesion patients and asymptomatic individuals in both clans. Significantly higher As contents in hair and urine were observed in GSTM1 0/0 carriers, not in GSTT1 0/0 carriers. After stratified by ethnicity and gender, a statistically significant association of the GSTM1 0/0 genotype and higher As content in hair was only confirmed in the subgroups of ethnic Han clan members and all male villagers, not in ethnic Hmong clan members or in females. GST T1 and M1 homozygous deletions were not associated with an increased susceptibility to skin lesions in long-term exposure to indoor combustion of high As coal. The polymorphic status at the locus of GSTM1 might modulate individual's body burden of total As in some Chinese ethnic groups.
Lin
Guo-Fang
GF
Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Du
Hui
H
Chen
Ji-Gang
JG
Lu
Hong-Chao
HC
Kai
Jin-Xiang
JX
Zhou
Yun-Shu
YS
Guo
Wei-Chao
WC
Zhang
Xin-Jiang
XJ
Lu
Da-Ru
DR
Golka
Klaus
K
Shen
Jian-Hua
JH
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000652:urine; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor; D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000652:urine; D020261:Arsenic Poisoning / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003031:Coal; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D000393:Air Pollutants; D001151:Arsenic; D003031:Coal; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1