title: Pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen in the green iguana (Iguana iguana) following single intravenous and intramuscular injections.
abstract: The nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug ketoprofen (KTP) is a commonly used antiinflammatory and analgesic agent in reptile medicine, but no studies documenting its pharmacokinetics in this species have been published. Ketoprofen was administered as a racemic mixture to green iguanas (Iguana iguana) intravenously (i.v.) and intramuscularly (i.m.) at 2 mg/kg. Pharmacokinetic analyses were performed and indicated that ketoprofen in iguanas administered by the intravenous route has a classical two-compartmental distribution pattern, a slow clearance (67 ml/ kg/hr) and a long terminal half-life (31 hr) compared to ketoprofen studies reported in mammals. When delivered by the intramuscular route, bioavailability was 78%. These data indicate the daily dosing that is generally recommended for reptile patients, as an extrapolation from mammalian data, may be more frequent than necessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
authors.forename: Allison D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Tuttle
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Papich
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Lewbart
authors.forename: Shane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Christian
authors.forename: Conny
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gunkel
authors.forename: Craig A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Harms
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D007076:Iguanas / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007660:Ketoprofen / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007660:Ketoprofen