Multiphasic heterogeneous catalysis mediated by catalyst-philic liquid phases.
This critical review addresses heterogeneous catalysis in systems where multiple liquid phases coexist and where one of the phases is catalyst-philic. This technique provides built-in catalyst separation, and product recovery for organic reactions. Focus is placed on the components of the multiphasic systems with emphasis on the constituents of the catalyst-philic phases (PEGs, onium salts, ionic liquids) that incorporate the catalysts, as well as on the effects on catalytic efficiency. It collects a wide body of scattered information that is often labelled with different terms.
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Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali dell'Università Ca' Foscari and Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale la Chimica per l'Ambiente INCA, Dorsoduro 2137-30123 Venezia, Italy. tundop@unive.it
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