title: Genetic unmasking of an epigenetically silenced microRNA in human cancer cells.
abstract: The mechanisms underlying microRNA (miRNA) disruption in human disease are poorly understood. In cancer cells, the transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor genes by CpG island promoter hypermethylation has emerged as a common hallmark. We wondered if the same epigenetic disruption can "hit" miRNAs in transformed cells. To address this issue, we have used cancer cells genetically deficient for the DNA methyltransferase enzymes in combination with a miRNA expression profiling. We have observed that DNA hypomethylation induces a release of miRNA silencing in cancer cells. One of the main targets is miRNA-124a, which undergoes transcriptional inactivation by CpG island hypermethylation in human tumors from different cell types. Interestingly, we functionally link the epigenetic loss of miRNA-124a with the activation of cyclin D kinase 6, a bona fide oncogenic factor, and the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma, a tumor suppressor gene.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory and Lung Cancer Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Amaia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lujambio
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ropero
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ballestar
authors.forename: Mario F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Fraga
authors.forename: Celia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cerrato
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Setién
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Casado
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suarez-Gauthier
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Cespedes
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Git
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gitt
authors.forename: Inmaculada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Spiteri
authors.forename: Partha P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caldas
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miska
authors.forename: Manel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esteller
mesh_terms: D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D051361:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6 / Q000235:genetics; D000076123:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D020868:Gene Silencing; D016161:Genes, Retinoblastoma; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D000097584:DNA Methyltransferase 3B
chemical_list: D051361:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6; D000076123:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases; D035683:MicroRNAs; D000097584:DNA Methyltransferase 3B; C509207:MIRN124 microRNA, human; C495911:CDK6 protein, human