title: Contrast medium administration in the elderly patient: is advancing age an independent risk factor for contrast nephropathy after angiographic procedures?
abstract: Contrast medium-induced nephropathy (CMIN) is the third leading cause of hospital-acquired acute renal dysfunction. Even if the number of patients over 75 years of age undergoing diagnostic and/or interventional procedures and requiring administration of contrast medium (CM) is growing constantly, at present there is no definitive consensus regarding the role of advancing age and related morphologic or functional renal changes as an independent risk factor for CMIN. The authors review the evidence from recent medical literature on the definition, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation of CMIN as well as therapeutic approaches to its prophylaxis. Attention is focused on advancing age as a preexisting physiologic condition that is, per se, able to predispose the patient to CM-induced renal impairment, assuming that every elderly patient is potentially at risk for CMIN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, University of Parma, viale Antonio Gramsci 14, I-43100 Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Detrenis
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meschi
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bertolini
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Savazzi
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D003404:Creatinine