title: Gemin2 plays an important role in stabilizing the survival of motor neuron complex.
abstract: The survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein, responsible for the neurodegenerative disease spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), oligomerizes and forms a stable complex with seven other major components, the Gemin proteins. Besides the SMN protein, Gemin2 is a core protein that is essential for the formation of the SMN complex, although the mechanism by which it drives formation is unclear. We have found a novel interaction, a Gemin2 self-association, using the mammalian two-hybrid system and the in vitro pull-down assays. Using in vitro dissociation assays, we also found that the self-interaction of the amino-terminal SMN protein, which was confirmed in this study, became stable in the presence of Gemin2. In addition, Gemin2 knockdown using small interference RNA treatment revealed a drastic decrease in SMN oligomer formation and in the assembly activity of spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP). Taken together, these results indicate that Gemin2 plays an important role in snRNP assembly through the stabilization of the SMN oligomer/complex via novel self-interaction. Applying the results/techniques to amino-terminal SMN missense mutants that were recently identified from SMA patients, we successfully showed that amino-terminal self-association, Gemin2 binding, the stabilization effect of Gemin2, and snRNP assembly activity were all lowered in the mutant SMN(D44V), suggesting that instability of the amino-terminal SMN self-association may cause SMA in patients carrying this allele.
authors.affiliation: Genome Exploration Research Group, RIKEN Genomic Sciences Center, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Chihiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Fuyu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Chikatoshi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.forename: Mutsumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanamori-Katayama
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashizaki
authors.forename: Harukazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017411:Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D055532:SMN Complex Proteins
chemical_list: D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; C108381:GEMIN2 protein, human; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D017411:Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear; D055532:SMN Complex Proteins