title: A complex role of Amycolatopsis mediterranei GlnR in nitrogen metabolism and related antibiotics production.
abstract: Amycolatopsis, genus of a rare actinomycete, produces many clinically important antibiotics, such as rifamycin and vancomycin. Although GlnR of Amycolatopsis mediterranei is a direct activator of the glnA gene expression, the production of GlnR does not linearly correlate with the expression of glnA under different nitrogen conditions. Moreover, A. mediterranei GlnR apparently inhibits rifamycin biosynthesis in the absence of nitrate but is indispensable for the nitrate-stimulating effect for its production, which leads to the hyper-production of rifamycin. When glnR of A. mediterranei was introduced into its phylogenetically related organism, Streptomyces coelicolor, we found that GlnR widely participated in the host strain's secondary metabolism, resemblance to the phenotypes of a unique S. coelicolor glnR mutant, FS2. In contrast, absence or increment in copy number of the native S. coelicolor glnR did not result in a detectable pleiotrophic effect. We thus suggest that GlnR is a global regulator with a dual functional impact upon nitrogen metabolism and related antibiotics production.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ruishen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Guo-Ping
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012294:Rifamycins / Q000378:metabolism; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D012294:Rifamycins; D014640:Vancomycin; C023808:rifamycin SV; C081173:glutamine synthetase I; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; D009584:Nitrogen