Polyunsaturated fatty acids stimulate phosphatidylcholine synthesis in PC12 cells.
The synthesis of phospholipids in mammalian cells is regulated by the availability of three critical precursor pools: those of choline, cytidine triphosphate and diacylglycerol. Diacylglycerols containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) apparently are preferentially utilized for phosphatide synthesis. PUFAs are known to play an important role in the development and function of mammalian brains. We therefore studied the effects of unsaturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids on the overall rates of phospholipid biosynthesis in PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6) all significantly stimulated the incorporation of (14)C-choline into total cellular phospholipids. In contrast, monounsaturated oleic acid (OA) and the saturated palmitic (PA) and stearic (SA) acids did not have this effect. The action of DHA was concentration-dependent between 5 and 50 microM; it became statistically significant by 3 h after DHA treatment and then increased over the ensuing 3 h. DHA was preferentially incorporated into phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS), while AA predominated in phosphatidylcholine (PC).
Richardson
U Ingrid
UI
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ingrid@mit.edu
Wurtman
Richard J
RJ
D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013997:Time Factors
D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid