title: Sensitization of calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors by receptor activity-modifying protein-1 in the trigeminal ganglion.
abstract: The neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from the trigeminal ganglion has been established as a key player in the pathogenesis of migraine. In this study, we provide evidence that the responsiveness of neuronal CGRP receptors is strongly enhanced in vitro and in vivo by expression of human receptor activity-modifying protein-1 (hRAMP1), an obligatory subunit of the CGRP receptor. We first demonstrated that activation of CGRP receptors on cultured trigeminal ganglion neurons increased endogenous CGRP mRNA levels and promoter activity. The promoter activation was cAMP dependent and blocked by the antagonist BIBN4096BS [1-piperidinecarboxamide, N-[2-[[5-amino-l-[[4-(4-pyridinyl)-l-piperazinyl]carbonyl]pentyl]amino]-1-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-2-oxoethyl]-4-(1,4-dihydro-2-oxo-3(2H)-quinazolinyl)], a new antimigraine drug. Gene transfer using an adenoviral hRAMP1 expression vector increased the maximal production of cAMP by 1.8 +/- 0.2-fold and decreased the EC50 to 2.3 +/- 0.8 nM from 9.0 +/- 5.9 nM and 15.6 +/- 5.2 nM in uninfected and control-infected cultures, respectively. To establish whether RAMP1 is limiting in vivo as indicated from the culture studies, a transgenic mouse expressing hRAMP1 in the nervous system was generated. After CGRP injection into the whiskerpad, the hRAMP1 transgenic mice displayed 2.2 +/- 0.2-fold greater plasma extravasation, which is a measure of neurogenic inflammation. These results demonstrate that RAMP1 is functionally rate limiting for CGRP receptor activity in the trigeminal ganglion, which raises the possibility that elevated RAMP1 might sensitize some individuals to CGRP actions in migraine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Zhongming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Christina S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Winborn
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Marquez de Prado
authors.forename: Andrew F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Russo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology; D058286:Calcitonin Receptor-Like Protein; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009420:Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D058262:Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 1; D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018015:Receptors, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D012668:Trigeminal Ganglion / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C545578:CALCRL protein, human; D058286:Calcitonin Receptor-Like Protein; C545579:Calcrl protein, mouse; C545580:Calcrl protein, rat; C491562:Crcp protein, rat; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C545502:RAMP1 protein, human; C545505:Ramp1 protein, mouse; C545508:Ramp1 protein, rat; D058262:Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 1; D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin; D018015:Receptors, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide