title: Detection of intracranial atherosclerotic steno-occlusive disease with 3D time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography with sensitivity encoding at 3T.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The spatial resolution of 3D time-of-flight MR angiography (TOF-MRA) can be improved within a reasonable examination time by combining 3T and sensitivity encoding technique. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of high-resolution 3D TOF-MRA at 3T in patients with suspected atherosclerotic steno-occlusive disease of the intracranial arteries.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed 160 arteries in 39 patients: 68 distal internal carotid arteries, 68 middle cerebral arteries, and 24 vertebrobasilar arteries. The measured voxel size of 3D TOF-MRA was 0.28 x 0.56 x 1.2 mm(3). Steno-occlusive disease was assessed independently by 2 observers using conventional angiography as the reference standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to observers 1 and 2, respectively, 3D TOF-MRA at 3T had a sensitivity of 78%/85% (21/27, 23/27), a specificity of 95%/95% (126/133, 127/133), a positive predictive value of 75%/79% (21/28, 23/29), and a negative predictive value of 95%/97% (126/132, 127/131), using a 50%-99% threshold of diameter stenosis. For detection of complete occlusion, according to observers 1 and 2, respectively, 3D TOF-MRA at 3T had a sensitivity of 100% (13/13), a specificity of 99% (145/147), a positive predictive value of 87% (13/15), and a negative predictive value of 100% (145/145). Interobserver agreement of 3D TOF-MRA was excellent (kappa = 0.81).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-resolution 3D TOF-MRA with sensitivity encoding at 3T can be used as a reliable diagnostic tool for the detection of clinically significant steno-occlusive disease of major intracranial arteries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. cgchoi@amc.seoul.kr
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Pyun
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: S U
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Suh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction / Q000592:standards*; D001488:Basilar Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002537:Intracranial Arteriosclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020768:Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014711:Vertebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology