title: Mental disorders among adults with asthma: results from the World Mental Health Survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objectives were (a) to determine which common mental disorders are associated with asthma in the general population after controlling for age and sex, and (b) to assess whether the associations of mental disorders with asthma are consistent across diverse countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen population surveys of household-residing adults were carried out in 17 countries (N=85,088). Mental disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0, a fully structured diagnostic interview. The disorders considered here are 12-month anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder/agoraphobia, posttraumatic stress disorder and social phobia), depressive disorders (dysthymia and major depressive disorder) and alcohol use disorders (abuse and dependence). Asthma was ascertained by self-reports of lifetime diagnosis among a subsample (n=42,697).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pooled estimates of age-adjusted and sex-adjusted odds of mental disorders among persons with asthma relative to those without asthma were 1.6 [95% confidence interval (95% CI)=1.4, 1.8] for depressive disorders, 1.5 (95% CI=1.4, 1.7) for anxiety disorders and 1.7 (95% CI=1.4, 2.1) for alcohol use disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This first cross-national study of the relationship between asthma and mental disorders confirms that a range of common mental disorders occurs with greater frequency among persons with asthma. These results attest to the importance of clinicians in diverse settings being alert to the co-occurrence of these conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 7343, Wellington South, New Zealand. kate.scott@otago.ac.nz
authors.forename: Kate M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Von Korff
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ormel
authors.forename: Ming-yuan
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ronny
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bruffaerts
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: Ronald C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kessler
authors.forename: Hisateru
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tachimori
authors.forename: Elie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karam
authors.forename: Daphna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Levinson
authors.forename: Evelyn J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Bromet
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Posada-Villa
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gasquet
authors.forename: Matthias C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Angermeyer
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Girolamo
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.forename: Josep Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Haro
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires