title: Effect of parenteral glutamine supplementation in premature infants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glutamine, proposed to be conditionally essential for critically ill patients, is not added routinely to parenteral amino acid formulations for premature infants and is provided in only small quantities by the enteral route when enteral feeding is low. Parenteral feeding is the basic way of nutrition in the first days of life of premature infants. In this study, we evaluated the effects of glutamine supplemented parenteral nutrition for premature infants on growth and development, feeding toleration, and infective episodes.
  
  
  METHODS
  From December 2002 to July 2006, 53 premature infants were given either standard or glutamine supplemented parenteral nutrition for more than 2 weeks. Twenty-eight infants were in glutamine supplemented group, whose gestational age (31.4 +/- 2.0) weeks, birth weight range (1386 +/- 251) g; twenty-five infants were in control group, gestational age (31.1 +/- 1.7) weeks, with birth weight range (1346 +/- 199) g. There were no differences between the two groups. Various growth and biochemical indices were monitored throughout the duration of hospital stay. Data between groups were analyzed with Student's t test. Nonparametric data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. A two-tailed P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The level of serum albumin was lower in the glutamine groups on the second week (3.0 vs 3.2 g/dl, P = 0.028), and blood urea nitrogen was higher in glutamine groups on the fourth week (8.1 vs 4.9 mg/dl, P = 0.014), but normal. Glutamine group infants took fewer days to regain birth weight (8.1 vs 10.4 days, P = 0.017), required fewer days on parenteral nutrition (24.8 vs 30.8 days, P = 0.035), with shorter stays in hospital (32.1 vs 38.6 days, P = 0.047). Episodes of hospital acquired infection in glutamine supplemented infants were lower than that in control group (0.96 vs 1.84 times, P = 0.000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parenteral glutamine supplementation in premature infants can shorten days on parenteral nutrition and length of stay in hospital, and decrease hospital acquired infection episodes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China. worldlizhengh@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Zheng-hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dan-hua
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002657:Child Development; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology; D005973:Glutamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006128:Growth; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition
chemical_list: D005973:Glutamine