title: HIV incidence, retention, and changes of high-risk behaviors among rural injection drug users in Guangxi, China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A prospective observational study of HIV seroincidence among high-risk injection drug users (IDU) was carried out in Guangxi, China. The primary objectives of this study were (1) to estimate HIV seroincidence (2) to estimate participant retention rate and (3) to evaluate changes in drug use and sexual behavior over a one year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five hundred HIV seronegative IDU were enrolled. HIV-1 incidence and retention rates were analyzed as a function of sociodemographic, behavioral, and recruitment variables. Changes in drug use and sexual behavior were analyzed at the baseline, 6-month and 12-month follow- up visits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 12 months of follow-up, the HIV-1 incidence rate was 3.1 per 100 person years, [95% CI: (1.6%; 5.2%)] and participant retention rate was 87%. Reported changes in high-risk behaviors over 12-months included significant decreases in the frequency of heroin injection, in direct or indirect sharing of injection equipment, and in the number of sexual partners.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HIV incidence is high among IDU in Guangxi, China despite a self-reported decrease in some high risk behaviors over the course of the study.
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodolph
authors.forename: Geetha
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beauchamp
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mâsse
authors.forename: Rongjian
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shaoping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Shenghan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Scott M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Perdue
authors.forename: Shenghan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: J Brooks
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Jackson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D015497:HIV-1; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016485:Needle Sharing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010352:Patient Dropouts / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology*; D047568:Unsafe Sex