Women's conception of the menopausal transition--a qualitative study.
OBJECTIVE
To explore, with a qualitative approach, whether the conception of menopause varies between women seeking medical advice because of climacteric symptoms and, if so, to describe these different conceptions.


BACKGROUND
For many women, the menopausal transition is a troublesome period of life, often associated with decreased well-being and a number of symptoms. Besides the hormonal changes, many other factors such as psychological, sociological and lifestyle factors affect how women perceive their menopause.


METHODS
Semi-structured interviews were held with 20 women after their first-time visits at outpatient clinics of gynaecology for discussion of climacteric symptoms. The interviews were audio-taped, transcribed and analysed using a phenomenographic approach.


RESULTS
A wide variation of conceptions was revealed. Two main categories were identified including different physical changes with varying symptoms and both positive and negative psychological changes. The menopausal transition was also described as a natural process and as a developmental phase of life.


CONCLUSIONS
Women's conceptions of the menopausal transition were individual and contained both physical and psychological symptoms but also expressed a more holistic view of the menopausal transition. The transition was described as a natural process affected by endocrine and life-style factors as well as by the psychosocial situation and by ageing per se.


CONCLUSIONS
It is important that health care providers are aware of women's conceptions about the menopausal transition to be able to communicate optimally, support and empower middle-aged women in different health care situations and thereby optimize the result of care.
Lindh-Astrand
Lotta
L
Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linköping, Sweden. lotta.lindh-astrand@lio.se
Hoffmann
Mikael
M
Hammar
Mats
M
Kjellgren
Karin I
KI
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D001828:Body Image; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D005783:Gender Identity; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006694:Holistic Health; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008593:Menopause / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology*; D011209:Power, Psychological; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden; D014930:Women / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*