title: Induction of humoral and cellular immunity against latent HSV-1 infections by DNA immunization in BALB/c mice.
abstract: Previously, we have reported that the injection of an expression vector containing Herpes simplex virus (HSV) Glycoprotein D-1 (gD-1) generated a significant antibody response in mice and protected them against HSV lethal challenge. We tested its potential to induce antibody and cell mediated immune responses in latently infected mice. Positive control group (KOS) and HSV gD-1 vaccinated mice demonstrated protection against a lethal ocularly challenge of 10(5.5) plaque-forming units (pfu)/eye of wild HSV-1 versus negative control groups. For neutralizing antibody titers, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), lymphocyte proliferation responses, clinical evaluation and survival following lethal challenge, no considerable difference was observed between mice vaccinated with DNA plasmid and those vaccinated with KOS. KOS-vaccinated mice demonstrated the ability to completely prevent latency whereas DNA vaccinated group showed some degree of protection and displayed less latency than negative control groups and had considerably high levels of IFN-gamma and strong CTL responses versus negative control groups. It can be concluded that although immunization with the DNA vaccine is more effective in both protecting mice and induction of immune response, however it could not completely block the latent infection in sensory nerves.
authors.affiliation: Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghaemi
authors.forename: Hoorieh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soleimanjahi
authors.forename: Taravat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bamdad
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soudi
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arefeian
authors.forename: Seyed Mahmood
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.forename: Massoumeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ebtekar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D022301:Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000276:immunology; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012668:Trigeminal Ganglion / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017735:Virus Latency
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D022301:Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D007371:Interferon-gamma