title: Association between inflammatory markers in induced sputum and clinical characteristics in children with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.
abstract: To study clinical, radiological and laboratory features of children with non-cystic fibrosis (non-CF) bronchiectasis (BE) and the association between symptom scores, spirometry, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings and inflammatory markers in induced sputum in these children. Twenty-seven children with steady-state non-CF BE were cross-sectionally evaluated by symptom scores, pulmonary function tests, anatomic extension and severity scores of BE in HRCT and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in induced sputum. There were 16 girls and 11 boys. Median (interquartile range) age of study group was 11.4 (9.5-13.6) years, follow-up duration was 3.5 (2-6.5) years and symptom scores were 4 (3-6). Pulmonary function tests revealed FEV(1) of 82%pred (72-93), FVC of 82%pred (74-92), and FEF(25-75%) of 82%pred (68-95). According to anatomic extent of BE on HRCT; 2 patients had mild, 4 had moderate and 21 had severe BE. Based on severity scores of HRCT; 10 patients had mild, 10 had moderate and 7 had severe BE. Neutrophils consisted 29.9% (14.9-53.7) of the total leucocytes in induced sputum samples. Sputum concentration of TNF-alpha was 58 pg/ml (9.2-302) while IL-8 concentration was 2.7 ng/ml (1.7-2.8). Symptom scores correlated with FEV(1) and sputum IL-8 levels (r=-0.49, r=0.67, P<0.05). There was a significant correlation between HRCT severity scores and symptoms, FEV(1), sputum IL-8 and TNF-alpha levels (r=0.64, r=-0.68, r=0.41, r=0.41, respectively, P<0.05). In children BE is associated with ongoing inflammation. This inflammation can be reliably monitored by radiological scores, spirometry, as well as sputum inflammatory markers. Follow-up of children with BE using these clinical tools may improve patient care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. tulayguran@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Tulay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Guran
authors.forename: Refika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ersu
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Karadag
authors.forename: Ihsan Nuri
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Akpinar
authors.forename: Gulderen Yanikkaya
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Demirel
authors.forename: Nezih
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hekim
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dagli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001987:Bronchiectasis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013183:Sputum / Q000378:metabolism*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha