title: Rapid and simultaneous detection of avian influenza and newcastle disease viruses by duplex polymerase chain reaction assay.
abstract: A duplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (dRT-PCR) assay has been developed for the simultaneous, rapid and specific detection/discrimination of avian influenza virus (AIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Primers targeting the matrix protein gene (M) of AIV and the fusion protein gene (F) of NDV were evaluated experimentally with 13 AIV and 19 NDV strains. PCR products of the expected size of 144 bp and 316 bp were amplified from AIV/NDV samples, respectively, while no cross-reaction was observed with negative controls or with 16 other avian pathogens. The endpoint of detection was defined as approximately 10(+0.5) 50% egg infectious dose (EID(50))/0.2 ml for AIV and 10(+2.2) EID(50)/0.2 ml for NDV. The assay was able to detect AIV/NDV with similar sensitivity in spiked stool samples and in specimens from vaccinated birds. The developed dRT-PCR assay is a rapid, cost-effective tool, which provides powerful novel means for the early diagnosis of avian influenza and Newcastle disease.
authors.affiliation: Central Veterinary Institute, Institute of Debrecen, Bornemissza u. 3-7, H-4031 Debrecen, Hungary. tfarkas@abc.hu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Farkas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antal
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sámi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Germán
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kecskeméti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kardos
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Belák
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kiss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral