title: Host shutoff during productive Epstein-Barr virus infection is mediated by BGLF5 and may contribute to immune evasion.
abstract: Relatively little is known about immune evasion during the productive phase of infection by the gamma(1)-herpesvirus Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The use of a unique system to isolate cells in lytic cycle allowed us to identify a host shutoff function operating in productively EBV-infected B cells. This impairment of protein synthesis results from mRNA degradation induced upon expression of the early lytic-cycle gene product BGLF5. Recently, a gamma(2)-herpesvirus, Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus, has also been shown to encode a host shutoff function, indicating that host shutoff appears to be a general feature of gamma-herpesviruses. One of the consequences of host shutoff is a block in the synthesis of HLA class I and II molecules, reflected by reduced levels of these antigen-presenting complexes at the surface of cells in EBV lytic cycle. This effect could lead to escape from T cell recognition and elimination of EBV-producing cells, thereby allowing generation of viral progeny in the face of memory T cell responses.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham Medical School, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.forename: Britt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Glaunsinger
authors.forename: Daphne
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sweetman
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ganem
authors.forename: Jaap
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Middeldorp
authors.forename: Emmanuel J H J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Wiertz
authors.forename: Maaike E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ressing
mesh_terms: D017951:Antigen Presentation; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003851:Deoxyribonucleases / Q000276:immunology*; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D014764:Viral Proteins; D003851:Deoxyribonucleases; C083203:deoxyribonuclease, Epstein-Barr virus