title: In-vitro interactions of human chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells, and of mouse macrophages with phospholipid-covered metallic implant materials.
abstract: Phospholipid-coatings on metallic implant surfaces were evaluated in terms of adhesion, proliferation and matrix production of skeletal cells, and of macrophage stimulation. The working hypothesis is that mimicking a model biomembrane by phospholipids on surfaces to which cells adhere, the surface recognition by surrounding cells is altered. In this study, 1) mirror-like polished Ti-6Al-7Nb and 2) porous Ti-6Al-4V specimens were covered with the phospholipids POPE (palmitoyl-oleoyl phosphatidyl-ethanolamine) and POPC (palmitoyl-oleoyl phosphatidyl-choline), and the interactions of a) human articular chondrocytes (HAC), b) human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSC), and c) mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7Rpar; were tested in vitro. On POPE-covered polished surfaces adherence of HAC (42% of seeded cells after 2 hrs) and metabolic activity (MTT after 3 days) were reduced, while on porous surfaces 99% HAC adhered, and metabolic activity was significantly increased, compared to respective native surfaces. On both POPE-covered surfaces the chondrocyte phenotype was present. After 3 weeks of chondrogenic differentiation, cartilage matrix production (measuring chondroitin sulphate per HAC number) was significantly increased by about 30% on both POPE-covered metallic surfaces. On both POPC-covered surfaces nearly no adhering and surviving HAC were found. HMSC grown on POPE-covered porous substrates showed osteogenic differentiation by improved osteopontin and collagen I expression in RT-PCR, and osteocalcin fluorescence and bone nodule formation was only detectable on POPE-covered porous surfaces. In contrast to POPC and other phospholipids used as positive controls, POPE did not stimulate the NO production in mouse macrophage cultures. We therefore conclude that a phospholipid coating by POPE shows potential as surface modification for metallic implant materials.
authors.affiliation: GKSS Research Center, Max-Planck-Str.1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany. regine.willumeit@gkss.de
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Willumeit
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schossig
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Clemens
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Feyerabend
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D008422:Materials Testing; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D005819:Genetic Markers; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; C057561:1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylethanolamine; D014025:Titanium