title: Synthesis of carbamates and ureas using Zr(IV)-catalyzed exchange processes.
abstract: [reaction: see text] Zirconium(IV)-catalyzed exchange processes have been developed to prepare both carbamates and ureas from dialkyl carbonates and carbamates employing 2-hydroxypyridine (HYP) and 4-methyl-2-hydroxyquinoline (MeHYQ) as catalytic additives, respectively. A microwave acceleration effect was observed in Zr(IV)-catalyzed carbamate-urea exchange.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Porco
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000737:chemistry; D002219:Carbamates / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002254:Carbonates / Q000737:chemistry; D002384:Catalysis; D015394:Molecular Structure; D014508:Urea / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D002219:Carbamates; D002254:Carbonates; D014508:Urea; D015040:Zirconium