title: Non-declarative sequence learning does not show savings in relearning.
abstract: Researchers have utilized the savings in relearning paradigm in a variety of settings since Ebbinghaus developed the tool over a century ago. In spite of its widespread use, we do not yet understand what type(s) of memory are measurable by savings. Specifically, can savings measure both declarative and non-declarative memories? The lack of conscious recollection of the encoded material in some studies indicates that non-declarative memories may show savings effects, but as all studies to date have used declarative tasks, we cannot be certain. Here, we administer a non-declarative task and then measure savings in relearning the material declaratively. Our results show that while material outside of awareness may show savings effects, non-declarative sequence memory does not. These data highlight the important distinction between memory without awareness and non-declarative memory.
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia, Department of Psychology, Box 400400, Gilmer Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA. aysha@virginia.edu
authors.forename: Aysha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keisler
authors.forename: Daniel T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Willingham
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008568:Memory; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time; D012153:Retention, Psychology