title: Automatic segmentation of jaw tissues in CT using active appearance models and semi-automatic landmarking.
abstract: Preoperative planning systems are commonly used for oral implant surgery. One of the objectives is to determine if the quantity and quality of bone is sufficient to sustain an implant while avoiding critical anatomic structures. We aim to automate the segmentation of jaw tissues on CT images: cortical bone, trabecular core and especially the mandibular canal containing the dental nerve. This nerve must be avoided during implant surgery to prevent lip numbness. Previous work in this field used thresholds or filters and needed manual initialization. An automated system based on the use of Active Appearance Models (AAMs) is proposed. Our contribution is a completely automated segmentation of tissues and a semi-automatic landmarking process necessary to create the AAM model. The AAM is trained using 215 images and tested with a leave-4-out scheme. Results obtained show an initialization error of 3.25% and a mean error of 1.63mm for the cortical bone, 2.90 mm for the trabecular core, 4.76 mm for the mandibular canal and 3.40 mm for the dental nerve.
authors.affiliation: Medical Image Computing Laboratory, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, UPV/ETSIA, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain. silruelo@degi.upv.es
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rueda
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: Raphaël
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pichery
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alcañiz
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007568:Jaw / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D011861:Radiography, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*