title: Changes in the treatment of acute psychosis in a German public hospital from 1998 to 2004.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of our study was to investigate antipsychotic treatment strategies in acute schizophrenic episodes in a German university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Documented pharmacological procedures in the first six weeks of acute episodes of schizophrenia in the years 1998 (n = 108), 2001 (n = 92), and 2004 (n = 94) were analyzed. Inclusion criteria were: admission voluntary and involuntary as inpatient to our acute ward with a diagnosis of F20x according to ICD 10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Atypical antipsychotics (AAP) were significant more frequently used in the first week of treatment in 2001 and 2004 compared to the year 1998. Switching to AAP occurred significantly earlier in 2001 and 2004 (after 7.6 +/- 7 days in 1998, 3.5 +/- 5 days in 2001 and 2.3 +/- 5 days in 2004; P < 0.002). In all three years prescription of high potent typical antipsychotics decreased during the first six weeks of treatment. Involuntary treatment (P < 0.001) and age (P = 0.001) were significantly correlated to initial prescription of AAP. Involuntary admitted patients received more often a combination of high-potent conventional high potent typical neuroleptics and AAP (48% vs. 24%, P = 0.007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Second generation atypicals are used more frequently according to current guidelines and switching from conventional medications occurs earlier.
authors.affiliation: Rhine Clinics Essen, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstr. 174, Essen 45147, Germany. tiemo.wessels@uni-due.de
authors.forename: Tiemo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wessels
authors.forename: Dandy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grünler
authors.forename: Christa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bunk
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Specka
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gastpar
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Scherbaum
authors.forename: Eugen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Davids
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003134:Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006779:Hospitals, Public / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents