title: Family history of alcoholism influences naltrexone-induced reduction in alcohol drinking.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to examine the interactive effects of family history of alcoholism (FH+, FH-) and naltrexone dose (0, 50, 100 mg/day) on alcohol drinking.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-two, non-treatment-seeking alcohol-dependent participants received naltrexone daily for 6 days. On the 6th day, they participated in a laboratory paradigm involving exposure to a priming dose of alcohol followed by a 2-hour drinking period in which they made choices between consuming alcoholic drinks and receiving money.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total number of drinks consumed during the drinking period was significantly decreased by the 100-mg dose of naltrexone in FH+ drinkers. Secondary analyses in male drinkers (n = 70) indicated that 100 mg of naltrexone significantly decreased drinking in FH+ participants and increased drinking in FH- drinkers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that family history of alcoholism might be a significant clinical predictor of response to naltrexone and that FH+ men are more likely to benefit from naltrexone therapy for alcohol drinking.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519, USA. suchitra.krishnan-sarin@yale.edu
authors.forename: Suchitra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krishnan-Sarin
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Krystal
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pittman
authors.forename: Stephanie S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: O'Malley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012201:Reward; D012737:Sex Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009271:Naltrexone