Analysis of sulfur compounds from the in-oven roast beef aroma by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography.
After a previous investigation of carbonyl compounds in the in-oven top note of roast beef [S. Rochat, A. Chaintreau, J. Agric. Food Chem. 53 (2005) 9578], this paper focuses on the role of sulfur compounds. Because of the complexity of the roast beef headspace where sulfur compounds occur in trace amounts, a high resolution and sensitive technique, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC), was chosen, that allowed the detection of thousands of compounds in the oven headspace. As identifying all of them would be too time consuming, a strategy had to be developed to extract the pertinent information. More than 70 sulfur compounds were found by GC x GC hyphenated to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS), and the identity of 50 of them was confirmed. To overcome the absence of many retention indices in databanks, the missing values were simulated using a multiple linear regression to help the peak identification. The selection of the most important sulfur odorants from this list was achieved by GC-olfactometry, using the GC-"SNIF" technique. Seven compounds have been found for the first time in beef aroma, of which only one has been previously found in nature.
Rochat
Sabine
S
Firmenich SA, Corporate R&D Division, P.O. Box 239, CH-1211 Geneva 8, Switzerland.
Laumer
Jean-Yves de Saint
JY
Chaintreau
Alain
A
D000818:Animals; D002138:Calibration; D002417:Cattle; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000032:analysis; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis*; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012984:Software; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D013457:Sulfur Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D014835:Volatilization
D045424:Complex Mixtures; D013457:Sulfur Compounds