title: Implant-retained oral appliances: a novel treatment for edentulous patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mandibular repositioning appliances (MRAs) are a viable treatment alternative in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Because these appliances require retention in the patient's dentition, edentelous patients generally do not qualify for this treatment. This study describes our experiences with an implant-retained MRA in the treatment of edentulous OSAHS patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six edentulous OSAHS patients were included in this study. Standard treatment consisted of the placement of four endosseous dental implants in the mandible and the construction of a new maxillary denture and a mandibular overdenture. Subsequently, an MRA was made. After a habituation and adjustment period, the effect of treatment was evaluated with polysomnography. Treatment was considered effective in cases where it yielded an apnea-hypopnea index <5.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the six patients included, two did not tolerate the MRA because of pressure-induced discomfort on the labial mucosa in the maxilla. These two patients were offered an implant-retained overdenture and MRA in the maxilla. One of the two patients proceeded with this secondary treatment. Of the five patients completing the follow-up polysomnography, effective OSAHS treatment was attained in four.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results from this study suggest that an implant-retained MRA in the mandible is a viable treatment modality in edentulous OSAHS patients. Because the therapeutic effectiveness of this treatment may be compromised by excessive pressure of the MRA on the labial mucosa in the maxilla, we suggest that an implant-retained MRA in the maxilla be offered as a secondary treatment in selected patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. a.hoekema@kchir.umcg.nl
authors.forename: Aarnoud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoekema
authors.forename: Frist
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.forename: Kees
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Heydenrijk
authors.forename: Boudewijn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stegenga
mesh_terms: D015921:Dental Implants; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019186:Mandibular Advancement / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009066:Mouth, Edentulous / Q000628:therapy*; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants