title: Eosinophilic granuloma of the skull: a retrospective analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors describe 9 cases of children with eosinophilic granuloma (EG) of the skull and report on their clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine consecutive patients were diagnosed as EG of the skull and confirmed pathologically between 1996 and 2005. In the present study, multi- and single-system Langerhans' cell histiocytosis without skull involvement were excluded. Patients with EG of the skull were divided into two groups: (1) those with only a single bone lesion and those with (2) multiple bone lesions. Surgical removal was performed between 2 and 10 years of age (mean, 4.2 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight (88.9%) of the study subjects were found to have a single bone lesion at diagnosis, and 1 had multiple bone lesions. Seven patients had a painless skull mass and 2 patients had a painful skull mass. Total removal was performed in all 9 patients. Eight patients received postoperative chemotherapy or indomethacin as adjuvant therapy. Of the 8 patients who received adjuvant therapy, 4 were treated with indomethacin and the remaining 4 received methotrexate-based chemotherapy. Eight patients did not experience EG recurrence, however, 1 patient developed additional lesions 2 years after surgical excision.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EG of the skull is a clinicopathological entity with a good outcome. However, therapies and prognoses are dependent on age at diagnosis and the number of bony involvements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea. nsdoctor@naver.com
authors.forename: Seong-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jaechan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jeong-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Sung-Kyoo
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: In-Suk
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Hamm
authors.forename: Yeun-Mook
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001706:Biopsy; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004803:Eosinophilic Granuloma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012886:Skull / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D007213:Indomethacin