title: Suppressive effect by Hizikia fusiforme on the production of tumor necrosis factor in BV2 murine microglial cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hizikia fusiforme has been commonly used as food in Korea. Antioxidant effect of Hizikia fusiforme, however, was recently reported. Thus, herein, we investigated the effect of Hizikia fusiforme on the production and expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a major proinflammatory mediator, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV2 microglial cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cells were pre-treated with 5 or 50 mug/ml Hizikia fusiforme and treated with 1 mug/ml LPS. The production of TNF was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effect of Hizikia fusiforme on the expression of TNF was also performed by immunoblot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Activation of nuclear factor kappab (NFkappab) was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed that Hizikia fusiforme decreased the production of TNF. The inhibitory effect of the Hizikia fusiforme on the expression of TNF was confirmed by immunoblot and RT-PCR analyses. In addition, EMSA experiment revealed that Hizikia fusiforme blocked the LPS-induced activation of NFkappab.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggests that Hizikia fusiforme may suppress LPS-stimulated TNF production via inhibition of NFkappab in murine microglial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyunghee
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Eunyoung
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Yoonkyung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uhm
authors.forename: Haejeong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Mi-Ja
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyekyung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyunghwan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baik
authors.forename: Meesuk
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Jongsoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Sung-Vin
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Yim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay / Q000379:methods; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012624:Seaweed / Q000737:chemistry*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors