title: Religiousness, antisocial behavior, and altruism: genetic and environmental mediation.
abstract: Although religiousness is considered a protective factor against antisocial behaviors and a positive influence on prosocial behaviors, it remains unclear whether these associations are primarily genetically or environmentally mediated. In order to investigate this question, religiousness, antisocial behavior, and altruistic behavior were assessed by self-report in a sample of adult male twins (165 MZ and 100 DZ full pairs, mean age of 33 years). Religiousness, both retrospective and current, was shown to be modestly negatively correlated with antisocial behavior and modestly positively correlated with altruistic behavior. Joint biometric analyses of religiousness and antisocial behavior or altruistic behavior were completed. The relationship between religiousness and antisocial behavior was due to both genetic and shared environmental effects. Altruistic behavior also shared most all of its genetic influence, but only half of its shared environmental influence, with religiousness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA. koen0099@umn.edu
authors.forename: Laura B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Koenig
authors.forename: Matt
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McGue
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Krueger
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Bouchard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000533:Altruism; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D005817:Genetic Counseling / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D017008:Negotiating / Q000379:methods; D012069:Religion and Psychology; D012931:Social Environment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014427:Twins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic / Q000235:genetics; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic / Q000235:genetics