Methods to optimize recruitment and retention to an exercise study in Chinese immigrants.
BACKGROUND
To counter pervasive disparities in healthcare and guide public health prevention programs, culturally sensitive recruitment and retention strategies for Chinese immigrants participating in health-related research studies are needed.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to develop and implement recruitment and retention strategies with Chinese immigrants in a Tai Chi exercise study.


METHODS
After substantial project planning and incorporating community-based research principles, a multidimensional approach was used to ensure minimal loss to follow-up. Recruitment strategies included partnering with a community-based agency, distributing study information using a multimedia approach, communicating in the native language, and demonstrating cultural sensitivity. Retention strategies included establishing a tracking method during recruitment, providing personalized feedback, maintaining the same location for all aspects of the study, eliminating potential linguistic barriers, providing personal attention and encouragement, monitoring attendance, utilizing a charismatic Tai Chi instructor, respecting Chinese culture, providing appropriate incentives, and maintaining good communication.


RESULTS
Sixty persons showed interest in the study, 52 persons were screened, and 39 persons were enrolled. Recruitment was completed within 3 weeks. An advertisement in the Chinese newspaper was the most fruitful recruitment source, yielding approximately 60% of the study participants. Retention in the study was also very high (97%, n = 38).


CONCLUSIONS
The successful recruitment and retention of Chinese immigrants in this Tai Chi exercise study are due to a variety of factors on many levels, including the participants, study investigator, and community-based agency.
Taylor-Piliae
Ruth E
RE
Stanford Prevention Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA. rpiliae@stanford.edu
Froelicher
Erika Sivarajan
ES
D001213:Asian / Q000208:ethnology*; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D003144:Communication Barriers; D003151:Community Health Centers / Q000458:organization & administration; D003256:Community Participation; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D009042:Motivation; D019212:Multimedia; D020380:Needs Assessment; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000208:ethnology*; D010352:Patient Dropouts / Q000523:psychology; D018579:Patient Selection; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012495:San Francisco; D026302:Tai Ji / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000523:psychology