title: Models for loosely linked gene duplicates suggest lengthy persistence of both copies.
abstract: Consider the appearance of a duplicate copy of a gene at a locus linked loosely, if at all, to the locus at which the gene is usually found. If all copies of the gene are subject to non-functionalizing mutations, then two fates are possible: loss of functional copies at the duplicate locus (loss of duplicate expression), or loss of functional copies at the original locus (map change). This paper proposes a simple model to address the probability of map change, the time taken for a map change and/or loss of duplicate expression, and considers where in the spectrum between loss of duplicate expression and map change such a duplicate complex is likely to be found. The findings are: the probability of map change is always half the reciprocal of the population size N, the time for a map change to occur is order NlogN generations, and that there is a marked tendency for duplicates to remain near equi-frequency with the gene at the original locus for a large portion of that time. This is in excellent agreement with simulations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics, University of Queensland, Australia. ohely@maths.uq.edu.au
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Hely
authors.forename: Leesa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wockner
mesh_terms: D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D020440:Gene Duplication; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D020131:Genes, Duplicate / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008433:Mathematics; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D011336:Probability; D013997:Time Factors