Cigarette smoking and long-term alcohol and drug treatment outcomes: a telephone follow-up at five years.
This prospective study examined the relationship between cigarette smoking and five-year substance abuse treatment outcomes. Of 749 individuals who began private outpatient treatment, 598 (80%) were re-interviewed by telephone at five years. At five-year follow-up, 53% reported smoking cigarettes in the prior 30 days. Smokers were less likely to be abstinent from alcohol and drugs in the prior 30 days (48.3% vs. 64.0%), and had higher Addiction Severity Index (ASI) scores in employment, alcohol, drug, psychiatric, and family/social problems; worse self-reported health; and greater self-reported depression. Findings inform understanding of long-term substance abuse treatment outcomes and potential service needs of smokers.
Satre
Derek D
DD
Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. derek@lppi.ucsf.edu
Kohn
Carolynn S
CS
Weisner
Constance
C
D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012153:Retention, Psychology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013689:Telephone; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome