title: Morbidities associated with bullying behaviors in adolescents. School based study of American adolescents.
abstract: To assess the prevalence of bullying behaviors and morbidities, including overweight/obesity and frequent physical and emotional symptoms, and the associations between such morbidities and frequent involvement in bullying behaviors among US adolescents in grades 6 through 10.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was based on an analysis of US data from the 1998 World Health Organization Health Behavior in School-aged Children survey. The survey provides nationally representative, cross-sectional survey information on 15,686 US students in grades 6 through 10.
  
  
  METHODS
  Involvement in bullying as a victim and/or as a bully; body mass index; and self-reported headaches, stomachaches, backaches, dizziness, irritability, "feeling low", "feeling nervous", and sleeping difficulties.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen per cent of the students were involved in bullying others and/or were victims of bullies at least once a week. The bullying activities took place both at school and elsewhere. Students who suffered from at least one or more frequent physical or emotional symtom, occuring several times a week, were at 2.4 to 3.5 times more likely to be involved in frequent bullying incidents, as compared to students, who did not experience frequent symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study confirmed that frequent participation in bullying behaviors, as a bully, a victim, or both, was associated with poor health status. The existence of a morbidity spectrum associated with participation in bullying behaviors is important information for pediatric practice and merits further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America. jsrabste@cnmc.org
authors.forename: Jorge C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Srabstein
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: McCarter
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Zhihuan J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000374:Aggression; D002648:Child; D019548:Crime Victims; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007508:Irritable Mood; D008297:Male; D009017:Morbidity; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012574:Schools; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D013334:Students; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology