title: Patterns of chest wall kinematics during volitional pursed-lip breathing in COPD at rest.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Analysis of chest wall kinematics can contribute to identifying the reasons why some patients benefit from pursed-lip breathing (PLB).
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the displacement of the chest wall and its compartments, the rib cage and abdomen, by optoelectronic plethysmography (OEP), during supervised PLB maneuver in 30 patients with mild to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  OEP showed two different patterns. A first pattern characterized the 19 most severely obstructed and hyperinflated patients in whom PLB decreased end-expiratory volumes of the chest wall and abdomen, and increased end-inspiratory volumes of the chest wall and rib cage. Deflation of the abdomen and inflation of the rib cage contributed to increasing tidal volume of the chest wall. The second pattern characterized 11 patients in whom, compared to the former group, PLB resulted in the following: (i) increased end-expiratory volume of the rib cage and chest wall, (ii) greater increase in end-inspiratory volume of the rib cage and abdomen, and (iii) lower tidal volume of the chest wall. In the patients as a whole changes in end-expiratory chest wall volume were related to change in Borg score (r(2)=0.5, p<0.00002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OEP helps identifying the reason why patients with COPD may benefit from PLB at rest.
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Don C. Gnocchi (IRCCS), Via Imprunetana, 124, 50020 Pozzolatico, Firenze, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gigliotti
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Romagnoli
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lanini
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Castellani
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Binazzi
authors.forename: Loredana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stendardi
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grazzini
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001945:Breathing Exercises; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000503:physiopathology; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement; D010991:Plethysmography; D011379:Prognosis; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics; D035441:Thoracic Wall / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome