Physical activity and risk of endometrial cancer: the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition.
The etiologic role of physical activity in endometrial cancer risk remains unclear given the few epidemiologic studies that have been conducted. To investigate this relation more fully, an analysis was undertaken in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC). During an average 6.6 years of follow-up, 689 incident endometrial cancer cases were identified from an analytic cohort within EPIC of 253,023 women. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the associations between type of activity (total, occupational, household, recreational) and endometrial cancer risk. For total activity, women in the highest compared with the lowest quartile of activity had a risk of 0.88 (95% confidence interval (95% CI=0.61-1.27). No clear associations between each type of activity and endometrial cancer risk were found for the total study population combined. Associations were more evident in the stratified results, with premenopausal women who were active versus inactive experiencing a risk of 0.66 (95% CI=0.38-1.14) overall. Among premenopausal women, for household and recreational activities the risk estimates in the highest as compared with the lowest quartiles were, respectively, 0.48 (95% CI=0.23-0.99) and 0.78 (95% CI=0.44-1.39). No effect modification by body mass index, hormone replacement therapy, oral contraceptive use or energy intake was found. This study provides no evidence of a protective effect of increased physical activity in endometrial cancer risk in all women but some support for a benefit among premenopausal women. The relative risk reductions are most apparent for household activities.
Friedenreich
Christine
C
Division of Population Health and Information, Alberta Cancer Board, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. chrisf@cancerboard.ab.ca
Cust
Anne
A
Lahmann
Petra H
PH
Steindorf
Karen
K
Boutron-Ruault
Marie-Christine
MC
Clavel-Chapelon
Françoise
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Mesrine
Sylvie
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Linseisen
Jakob
J
Rohrmann
Sabine
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Pischon
Tobias
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Schulz
Mandy
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Tjønneland
Anne
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Johnsen
Nina Fons
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Overvad
Kim
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Mendez
Michelle
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Arguelles
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MV
Garcia
Carmen Martinez
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Larrañaga
Nerea
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Chirlaque
María-Dolores
MD
Ardanaz
Eva
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Bingham
Sheila
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Khaw
Kay-Tee
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Allen
Naomi
N
Key
Tim
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Trichopoulou
Antonia
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Dilis
Vardis
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Trichopoulos
Dimitrios
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Pala
Valeria
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Palli
Domenico
D
Tumino
Rosario
R
Panico
Salvatore
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Vineis
Paolo
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Bueno-de-Mesquita
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Peeters
Petra H M
PH
Monninkhof
Evelyn
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Berglund
Göran
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Manjer
Jonas
J
Slimani
Nadia
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Ferrari
Pietro
P
Kaaks
Rudolf
R
Riboli
Elio
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D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008019:Life Style; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires