title: An outbreak of buffalopox in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) dairy herds in Aurangabad, India.
abstract: An outbreak of buffalopox in domestic buffaloes, with high morbidity and significant production loss, was recorded in the Aurangabad district of Maharashtra State in India in November 2003. The disease was also associated with several cases of human infection, particularly in milkers working with the affected herds. Pox lesions were observed on the udder and teats of the majority of the affected animals, while a few animals exhibited lesions on the hindquarters, indicating possible generalised infection. A significant reduction in milk yield was recorded following the outbreak. Milkers developed pox-like lesions on the skin of the hands, forearms and forehead accompanied by fever for three days, axillary lymphadenopathy and general malaise. Investigation of the disease outbreak by virus isolation in Vero cell cultures and detection of viral nucleotide sequences by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed the aetiology of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Nainital District, Uttaranchal-263 138, India. rk_singh@email.com
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hosamani
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Balamurugan
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Satheesh
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Shingal
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Tatwarti
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Bambal
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ramteke
authors.forename: Mahendra Pal
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Yadav
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002020:Buffaloes; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003612:Dairying / Q000379:methods*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007774:Lactation; D008892:Milk / Q000378:metabolism; D009500:Neutralization Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D014615:Vaccinia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000662:veterinary*; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014709:Vero Cells; D015047:Zoonoses