title: Flucytosine therapeutic monitoring: 15 years experience from the UK.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is uniform consensus that flucytosine blood concentrations should be measured to avoid toxicity and ensure adequate efficacy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate all flucytosine levels performed in a regional centre in the UK from October 1991 to May 2006. Concentrations were measured by bioassay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We reviewed 1071 flucytosine levels in 233 patients, including 33 neonates. Overall, only 20.5% of levels were in the expected therapeutic range. Low levels were observed in 40.5%, of which 5.1% were undetectable levels (<12.5 mg/L). High levels occurred in 38.9%, of which 9.9% were considered potentially toxic (>100 mg/L). High flucytosine levels occurred more frequently amongst neonates, which could be related to an immature renal system resulting in drug accumulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings reveal that the vast majority of patients were out of range for flucytosine levels. These data emphasize the importance of monitoring flucytosine levels.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, The University of Manchester and Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pasqualotto
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Denning
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001681:Biological Assay; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D005437:Flucytosine / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015610:Serum Bactericidal Test; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005437:Flucytosine