title: You said it before and you'll say it again: expectations of consistency in communication.
abstract: Repeated reference creates strong expectations in addressees that a speaker will continue to use the same expression for the same object. The authors investigate the root reason for these expectations by comparing a cooperativeness-based account (Grice, 1975) with a simpler consistency-based account. In two eye-tracking experiments, the authors investigated the expectations underlying the effect of precedents on comprehension. The authors show that listeners expect speakers to be consistent in their use of expressions even when these expectations cannot be motivated by the assumption of cooperativeness. The authors conclude that though this phenomenon seems to be motivated by cooperativeness, listeners' expectation that speakers be consistent in their use of expressions is governed by a general expectation of consistency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. hadas@uchicago.edu
authors.forename: Hadas
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shintel
authors.forename: Boaz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Keysar
mesh_terms: D001364:Awareness; D003142:Communication; D006801:Humans; D011939:Mental Recall; D009949:Orientation; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D011340:Problem Solving; D011578:Psycholinguistics; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012660:Semantics; D012718:Set, Psychology; D013067:Speech Perception; D014705:Verbal Behavior