title: Treatment of acute Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis: a systematic review of the randomized controlled trials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is caused by different species of Leishmania and transmitted by the bite of infected sand flies. It is a health problem in many countries.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was performed to assess the evidence for the efficacy of different therapeutic modalities for acute Old World CL, which is usually caused by L major and L tropica.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evidence was reviewed according to the hierarchy of evidence. Because there have been no published systematic reviews on this topic to date, the primary source of evidence was individual randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Multiple databases were systematically searched. Using independent double review and published quality review criteria, articles were rated as good, fair, or poor. Treatment benefit data were tabulated, and conclusions were based on the rated strength of published evidence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 50 RCTs met inclusion criteria consisting of 5515 patients in 119 study arms. Reviewed trials were highly variable in quality and methods and generally provide weak evidence for treatment of acute Old World CL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The quality of included studies was generally poor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Well-designed randomized, double-blind, controlled trials should be designed and conducted to find better evidence for the treatment of acute Old World CL.
authors.affiliation: Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khatami
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Firooz
authors.forename: Farzam
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gorouhi
authors.forename: Yahya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dowlati
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000965:Antimony / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001393:Azoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017679:Cryotherapy; D006801:Humans; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000628:therapy*; D010303:Paromomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D019287:Zinc Sulfate / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001393:Azoles; D010303:Paromomycin; D019287:Zinc Sulfate; D000965:Antimony