Induced time-reversal symmetry breaking observed in microwave billiards.
Using reciprocity, we investigate the breaking of time-reversal (T) symmetry due to a ferrite embedded in a flat microwave billiard. Transmission spectra of isolated single resonances are not sensitive to T violation, whereas those of pairs of nearly degenerate resonances do depend on the direction of time. For their theoretical description a scattering matrix model from nuclear physics is used. The T-violating matrix elements of the effective Hamiltonian for the microwave billiard with the embedded ferrite are determined experimentally as functions of the magnetization of the ferrite.
Dietz
B
B
Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
Friedrich
T
T
Harney
H L
HL
Miski-Oglu
M
M
Richter
A
A
Schäfer
F
F
Weidenmüller
H A
HA