title: Interleukin-6 and its mRNA responses in exercise and recovery: relationship to muscle glycogen.
abstract: Increases in circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) during exhaustive exercise have been suggested to be related to declining muscle glycogen. We addressed two hypotheses: (a) exhaustive exercise on two occasions will result in similar decreases in glycogen and increases in circulating IL-6 and its muscle mRNA; (b) increasing the rate of glycogen restoration via high-carbohydrate feeding in recovery will be associated with more rapid declines in muscle mRNA and circulating IL-6. Ten male subjects (22.6+/-0.8 year) cycled to exhaustion (65% VO(2 max)) on two occasions (117.8+/-2.9 min). Carbohydrate (1 g/kg bw) or water was ingested at exhaustion, 60, 120, 180, and 240 min post-exercise. Muscle biopsies were taken at rest, exhaustion, 30, 60, 120 and 300 min of recovery. Exercise resulted in a 14.5-fold increase (P<0.05) in IL-6 mRNA, 14.4-fold increase (P<0.05) in circulating IL-6, and a 80% decrease (P<0.05) in muscle glycogen from rest. The decline in glycogen was not correlated with the increase in IL-6 or IL-6 mRNA. During recovery, circulating IL-6 and its muscle mRNA decreased similarly in both trials; however, glycogen increased 150% (P<0.05) and 40% in the carbohydrate and water trials, respectively. Therefore, the declining IL-6 mRNA and IL-6 plasma concentrations during recovery were not related to carbohydrate availability or changes in glycogen.
authors.affiliation: Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada. jgusba@uoguelph.ca
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gusba
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Graham
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D006003:Glycogen