Emerging drugs for acute and chronic heart failure: current and future developments.
Heart failure continues to be a major public health issue. Although angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-adrenergic blockers have been broadly used as evidence-based therapies in heart failure, morbidity and mortality remains high. Furthermore, treatment for acute decompensated heart failure and diastolic heart failure (or 'heart failure with preserved ejection fraction') is far from perfect. This review provides a broad overview of some of the novel compounds under investigation for the treatment of heart failure. Novel strategies include drugs that aim to alleviate congestion and improve hemodynamics, drugs that preserve renal function, drugs that reduce arterial and myocardial stiffness, drugs that module myocardial contractility, drugs that affect metabolic and hormonal balance, and drugs that act on existing and novel physiologic targets.
Chen
Stephen Y
SY
Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
Tang
W H Wilson
WH
D000818:Animals; D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D045265:Natriuretic Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D000092502:Renin Inhibitors
D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D045265:Natriuretic Peptides; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D000092502:Renin Inhibitors