title: Giant cell arteritis presenting as small bowel infarction.
abstract: Giant cell arteritis predominantly affects cranial arteries and rarely involves other sites. We report a patient who presented with small bowel obstruction because of infarction from mesenteric giant cell arteritis. She had an unusual cause of her obstruction and a rare manifestation of giant cell arteritis. In spite of aggressive therapy with steroids, she died a month later because of multiple complications. We discuss the diagnosis and management of small bowel obstruction and differential diagnosis of vasculitis of the gastrointestinal tract. We were able to find 11 cases of bowel involvement with giant cell arteritis in the English literature. This case report illustrates that giant cell arteritis can be a cause of small bowel obstruction and bowel infarction. In the proper clinical setting, vasculitides need to be considered early in the differential diagnosis when therapy may be most effective.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794-9636, USA. aannamalai@siumed.edu
authors.forename: Aniyizhai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Annamalai
authors.forename: Mark L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: Sriya K M
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ranatunga
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Resch
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001766:Blindness / Q000209:etiology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D013700:Giant Cell Arteritis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007238:Infarction / Q000209:etiology*; D007415:Intestinal Obstruction / Q000209:etiology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000098:blood supply*; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000473:pathology