title: Five-year follow-up after late conversion from calcineurin inhibitors to sirolimus in patients with chronic renal allograft dysfunction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) is, among others, caused by nephrotoxic side effects of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI), which are to date still the mainstay of immunosuppressive therapy. Sirolimus (SIR), an immunosuppressive compound without effects on glomerular perfusion, has been used in CNI-sparing immunosuppressive protocols. We report the 5-year follow-up of a prospective, controlled conversion study from CNI to SIR in patients with moderately to severely impaired renal function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve renal transplant recipients with moderately to severely impaired renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate of 17 to 35 mL/min according to the MDRD formula), enrolled in a prospective, controlled 1-year pilot study were followed for 5 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three renal grafts (25%) were lost during the 5-year follow-up. Graft loss was due to noncompliance in one patient and to CAN in the other two patients. These two patients returned to dialysis 43 and 59 months after conversion, corresponding to 86 and 75 months after transplantation, respectively. Six of nine patients had a stable or even better renal function compared to the baseline. The lipid profile increased initially, but then remained stable over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conversion of immunosuppressive therapy from CNI to SIR in patients with impaired renal function more than 1 year after transplantation is feasible and safe yielding improved renal function in the majority of patients, which was sustained at 5 years follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krüger
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fischereder
authors.forename: K-W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Jauch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Graeb
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Böger
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Banas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Obed
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Schlitt
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Krämer
mesh_terms: D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000276:immunology*; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D020123:Sirolimus