title: Post-therapy profile of serum total cholesterol, retinol and zinc in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess serum albumin, total cholesterol, retinol, zinc and hemoglobin in children who had completed treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).
  
  
  METHODS
  The above parameters were analyzed in 105 ALL and NHL and 108 age and sex-matched controls. Serum albumin, serum cholesterol and hemoglobin were estimated by colorimetric methods. Serum retinol was estimated by HPLC and serum zinc was estimated by atomic emission spectrophotometer (ICP-AES). Comparisons were made to stage of treatment (maintenance 6 with post-therapy), type of treatment (chemotherapy and radiation with only chemotherapy) and type of malignancy (ALL with NHL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only serum albumin in patients included at Maintenance(6) was significantly higher (t = 2.31, p = 0.05) than post-therapy patients. No significant difference in serum values was observed by type of treatment. Only total cholesterol was significantly higher in NHL patients than in ALL patients (t = 1.954, p = 0.05). Patients had comparable serum levels to that of controls. However, in patients and controls more than 75% children had deficient serum retinol levels, (< than 0.6989 micromol/l, or 20 microg/dl). Further, 75% patients and 54.7% controls had serum retinol levels less than 0.3439 micromol/l or 10 microg/dl.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study indicate that cancer and its treatment did not have any long-lasting effect on serum albumin, total cholesterol, retinol, zinc and hemoglobin. Majority of subjects had low serum retinol suggestive of depleted liver reserves. The deficient serum retinol levels (< than 0.6989 micromol/l, or 20 microg/dl) in at least 75% of the patients and controls probably reflect poor dietary intake. A higher percentage of patients with low serum retinol levels may also be attributed to the possibility of urinary losses of retinol that occur during episodes of infection while on immunosuppressive anti-cancer drug therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Research in Home Science, S.N.D.T. Women's University, Juhu, Mumbai-400049, INDIA. agashechanda@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: Chanda D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Gokhale
authors.forename: Shobha A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Udipi
authors.forename: Ramkrishna Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Ambaye
authors.forename: Suresh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Pai
authors.forename: Suresh H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Advani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D006454:Hemoglobins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D014131:Trace Elements; D014815:Vitamins; D014801:Vitamin A; D002784:Cholesterol; D015032:Zinc