Radial and angular rotons in trapped dipolar gases.
We study Bose-Einstein condensates with purely dipolar interactions in oblate traps. We find that the condensate always becomes unstable to collapse when the number of particles is sufficiently large. We analyze the instability, and find that it is the trapped-gas analogue of the "roton-maxon" instability previously reported for a gas that is unconfined in 2D. In addition, we find that under certain circumstances the condensate wave function attains a biconcave shape, with its maximum density away from the center of the gas. These biconcave condensates become unstable due to azimuthal excitation--an angular roton.
Ronen
Shai
S
JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA.
Bortolotti
Daniele C E
DC
Bohn
John L
JL