title: Substance use and related problems: a study on the abuse of recreational and not recreational drugs in Northern Italy.
abstract: 2015 subjects were interviewed at musical events and raves in Northern Italy: average age 25.1, 42% female, 67% work, 42% study, 61% have higher certificate of education. 3.8% used drugs for the first time in the last year, and 60% have been using drugs for over 5 years, age of first use 16.3. In the last year, 26% have tried a mix of drugs, 52% alcohol and drugs, 48% have driven after drinking; drug consumption was: marijuana 58%, hashish 55%, cocaine 24%, popper 12%, hallucinogenic mushrooms 13%, ecstasy 13%, amphetamines 13%, Salvia divinorum 11%, LSD 9%, opium 9%, ketamine 7%, heroin 5%. In the last year, 27% subjects had depression, 25.7% anxiety, 23.7% sleep disorders, 15% financial problems, 13% road accidents, 9% addiction, 6% judicial problems. All problems were correlated to CAGE (Cut, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener) test, drug use and mix drug use; psychological problems were higher for females: anxiety for cocaine, memory and psychosomatic for opium, sleeping disorders for crack, anxiety for popper, hallucinations for LSD and hallucinogenic mushrooms.
authors.affiliation: Osservatorio Epidemiologico Metropolitano Dipendenze Patologiche, AUSL Bologna, Via San Lorenzo 1, 40100 Bologna, Italy. raimondo.pavarin@ausl.bologna.it
authors.forename: Raimondo Maria
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pavarin
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology; D000662:Amphetamines / Q000009:adverse effects; D001007:Anxiety / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D016578:Crack Cocaine / Q000009:adverse effects; D003863:Depression / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006213:Hallucinogens / Q000009:adverse effects; D003932:Heroin / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D007649:Ketamine / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000453:epidemiology; D009538:Nicotine / Q000009:adverse effects; D009892:Opium / Q000009:adverse effects; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D016578:Crack Cocaine; D006213:Hallucinogens; D007649:Ketamine; D009538:Nicotine; D003932:Heroin; D009892:Opium