title: Lipid, haemostatic and inflammatory variables in relation to the estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) PvuII and XbaI gene polymorphisms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Estrogen is known to affect lipoprotein metabolism, the haemostatic system and inflammatory markers. Our aim was to determine whether estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) PvuII and XbaI gene polymorphisms can influence lipid, haemostatic and inflammatory variables in healthy Caucasian women and men of reproductive age.
  
  
  METHODS
  58 healthy women (aged between 18 and 45 years) and 55 healthy men (aged between 21 and 45 years) of reproductive age were enrolled in our study. FSH levels, lipid (total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), apo A-I, apo B), haemostatic (prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin time, fibrinogen, factor V, VII, VIII, protein C, protein S, antithrombin III) and inflammatory (CRP) variables were measured on autoanalyzers using commercially available kits. Serum VLDL and LDL cholesterol concentrations were calculated with the equation of Friedewald. The ESR1 PvuII and XbaI genotypes were determined with PCR-RFLP method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the total group, the ESR1 XbaI GG genotype carriers had significantly higher serum lipoprotein(a) concentrations than the AA or AG genotype carriers. Serum total cholesterol concentrations were significantly higher in healthy women with the PvuII CC genotype than in those with the TT or TC genotypes, whereas healthy women with the GG genotype of the ESR1 XbaI polymorphism had significantly higher serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels compared to those with the AA or AG genotypes. No other effects of the ESR1 PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms were found on the investigated lipid, haemostatic and inflammatory variables either in the total group or in women and men separately.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ESR1 PvuII and XbaI gene polymorphisms seem to affect lipoprotein metabolism in healthy subjects of peak reproductive age. However, further studies are needed to determine the molecular mechanisms by which the two polymorphisms could influence serum lipid levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kútvölgyi Clinical Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. molvarec@freemail.hu
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molvarec
authors.forename: Bálint
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: Margit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kovács
authors.forename: Szilvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Walentin
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Imreh
authors.forename: János
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rigó
authors.forename: János
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szalay
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Füst
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Prohászka
authors.forename: István
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Karádi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific / Q000235:genetics*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006487:Hemostasis; D006801:Humans; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
chemical_list: C486181:CRIP1 protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C506487:ESR1 protein, human; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins; D008055:Lipids; C025580:endodeoxyribonuclease XBAI; C025630:CAGCTG-specific type II deoxyribonucleases; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific