title: Effects of cyclosporin A and cilomilast on activated canine, murine and human keratinocytes.
abstract: The calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A and the phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor cilomilast exhibit potent immunomodulatory properties which make them interesting therapeutics for the treatment of skin disorders like canine and human atopic dermatitis. Cyclosporin A and phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors have already demonstrated clinical efficacy in the therapy of canine and human atopic dermatitis. Their direct impact on keratinocytes, especially canine keratinocytes, is less obvious. Thus, an investigation was carried out to ascertain whether cyclosporin A and cilomilast modulate keratinocyte proliferation and secretion of proinflammatory mediators. Cyclosporin A inhibited canine and murine keratinocyte proliferation, whereas cilomilast had no affect. Cyclosporin A and cilomilast reduced the lipopolysaccharide-induced prostaglandin E2 synthesis in canine and murine keratinocytes. Both immunomodulators also inhibited the production of the CXC chemokine KC and CCL2 in the murine keratinocyte cell line MSC-P5. The two immunomodulators also significantly reduced the interferon-gamma-induced production of interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). Thus, cyclosporin A and cilomilast directly modulate keratinocyte functions which might contribute to the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory action of these compounds in the treatment of allergic skin diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, D-30559 Hannover, Germany. wolfgang.baeumer@tiho-hannover.de
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bäumer
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kietzmann
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000188:drug therapy; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009570:Nitriles; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D016572:Cyclosporine; C433247:Cilomilast; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D015232:Dinoprostone