title: Translation and adaptation of the revised Denver pre-screening developmental questionnaire for Madinah children, Saudi Arabia.
abstract: A childâs development is largely connected with environment, and so tools used in developmental assessment and screening should be modified to match the local environment of children. The experience and findings of such modifications is important to child health workers. The objectives of this study were to describe the method applied in translating the Revised Denver Pre-screening Developmental Questionnaire (R-PDQ) as a developmental screening tool, and to describe and analyze changes introduced to the R-PDQ after translation, adaptation and validation for Saudi children. To adapt the R-PDQ, three steps were taken: translation from English to Arabic using cross-translation method, piloting the Arabic translation on 65 children and mothers, and conducting the questionnaire on a random sample of 1219 children to introduce final necessary changes. The English R-PDQ went through major changes to make it valid for use in Saudi culture for evaluation of a childâs development. Changes were made in the content of the questionnaire, age intervals, as well as normal age of developmental abilities and the order of acquiring them. Changes in the R-PDQ items were pertinent in language and personal-social items. No major changes were introduced in fine-motor or gross-motor items. This study demonstrates a model in adapting a developmental screening tool, and illustrates the need for standardization of âimportedâ developmental screening tools before using them.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Family Medicine Program, Health Affairs for Primary Health Care, and Family and Community Medicine, King Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Al-Ansari
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bella