title: Towards establishing air quality guidelines for Pakistan.
abstract: While enforceable National Environmental Quality Standards for pollutants exist in Pakistan, ambient air quality guidelines have never been established. However, there is no reliable epidemiological/toxicological monitoring system in place in Pakistan to provide a basis for establishing guidelines for various air pollutants. This paper reviews the World Health Organization air quality guidelines as well as standards applied in countries of the Eastern Mediterranean and South-East Asia Regions. Based on these, and available data on the existing air pollution situation in Pakistan, national air quality guidelines are proposed for 6 major pollutants.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. jaaziz@hotmail.com
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Aziz
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000032:analysis; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004782:Environmental Health / Q000592:standards; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D010126:Ozone / Q000032:analysis; D010154:Pakistan; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D020711:Threshold Limit Values; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D007854:Lead; D010126:Ozone; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide