title: Low awareness of transient ischemic attacks and risk factors of stroke in a Swiss urban community.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Time delays from stroke onset to arrival at the hospital are the main obstacles for widespread use of thrombolysis. In order to decrease the delays, educational campaigns try to inform the general public how to act optimally in case of stroke. To determine the content of such a campaign, we assessed the stroke knowledge in our population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The stroke knowledge was studied by means of a closed-ended questionnaire. 422 randomly chosen inhabitants of Bern, Switzerland, were interviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The knowledge of stroke warning signs (WS) was classified as good in 64.7%. A good knowledge of stroke risk factors (RF) was noted in 6.4%. 4.2% knew both the WS and the RF of stroke indicating a very good global knowledge of stroke. Only 8.3% recognized TIA as symptoms of stroke resolving within 24 hours, and only 2.8% identified TIA as a disease requiring immediate medical help. In multivariate analysis being a woman, advancing age, and having an afflicted relative were associated with a good knowledge of WS (p = 0.048, p < 0.001 and p = 0.043). Good knowledge of RF was related to university education (p < 0.001). The good knowledge of TIA did not depend on age, sex, level of education or having an afflicted relative.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study brings to light relevant deficits of stroke knowledge in our population. A small number of participants could recognize TIA as stroke related symptoms resolving completely within 24 hours. Only a third of the surveyed persons would seek immediate medical help in case of TIA. The information obtained will be used in the development of future educational campaigns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 10, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Krassen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nedeltchev
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Liliane
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kappeler
authors.forename: Heinrich P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Mattle
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001364:Awareness; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013557:Switzerland / Q000453:epidemiology