title: Fatal cerebral and cerebellar hemorrhagic infarction after thoracoscopic microdiscectomy. Case report.
abstract: The authors present a rare case of fatal cerebral and cerebellar hemorrhagic infarction following an uneventful thoracoscopic microdiscectomy. They hypothesize that this complication was associated with cortical venous thrombosis secondary to intracranial hypotension, which was caused by an unnoticed leak of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the thoracic cavity. Cortical venous thrombosis and intrathoracic CSF were confirmed at autopsy. The former disorder is the most severe manifestation of the pathophysiological mechanism occurring to a lesser degree in patients affected by mild intracranial hypotension, and occurs more frequently in these patients. Intracranial hypotension (of an orthostatic nature or not) must be considered in the differential diagnosis of every patient who complains of headaches after thoracoscopic or open transthoracic microdiscectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands. ecor@snch.azm.nl
authors.forename: Erwin M J
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Cornips
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Staals
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stavast
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rijkers
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: van Oostenbrugge
mesh_terms: D020520:Brain Infarction / Q000209:etiology*; D002526:Cerebellar Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D017586:Diskectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae; D013906:Thoracoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed