title: Effect of a common X-linked angiotensin II type 2-receptor gene polymorphism (-1332 G/A) on the occurrence of premature myocardial infarction and stenotic atherosclerosis requiring revascularization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the association of the angiotensin II type 2 (AT2) receptor (-1332 G/A) gene polymorphism with premature coronary artery disease (CAD) and investigate for a further role in both myocardial infarction and predominantly stenotic atherosclerosis requiring revascularisation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We investigated 885 families, which consisted of at least one sibling affected with premature CAD and at least one unaffected sibling. Genotyping of subjects was performed using a restriction enzyme digestion of an initial 310 bp PCR fragment that included the AT2 (-1332 G/A) locus. The mean age of the 1143 individuals affected by premature CAD at the time of event was 50.6+/-9.1 years. The genetic data were analyzed for these families using the X-linked sibling transmission disequilibrium test (XS-TDT). We observed significant evidence for an association for the AT2 (-1332 G) locus and premature CAD (p-exact value=0.028). This was driven by a highly significant result in men (p-exact value=0.005). We performed further analyses to investigate for an association with myocardial infarction (Group 1) and stenotic atherosclerosis that was of sufficient severity as to require revascularization (Group 2). We found an increase in the frequency of the G/GG genotype in both Groups 1 and 2, being most marked in Group 2 (XS-TDT, p-exact value=0.0134); logistic regression (p=0.033, OR 1.38; 95% CI of 1.212-1.507).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have observed evidence of association between the X-linked AT2 (-1332 G/A) polymorphism and premature CAD with further evidence of a statistically significant association with stenotic atherosclerosis requiring revascularization.
authors.affiliation: Leeds Institute for Genetics Health and Therapeutics (LIGHT-Clinical), Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alfakih
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lawrance
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Warburton
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maqbool
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Samani
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Balmforth
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000235:genetics*; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000235:genetics*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000235:genetics*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2