title: Endoscopic transmural entry into pancreatic fluid collections using a dedicated aspiration needle without endoscopic ultrasound guidance: success and complication rates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic fluid collections (PFC) is performed with increasing frequency. A variety of techniques for performing transmural entry have been described. However, data are lacking on the technical success and safety of transmural entry using a single technique. The authors describe the largest experience in transmural entry of PFCs without endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guidance using a dedicated aspiration needle.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients who underwent endoscopic transmural drainage of PFC from October 1998 to May 2006 were identified from the endoscopy database. Data were abstracted from the endoscopic procedure report and the patient records then placed in a JMP drive. All drainages were performed without EUS guidance after visualization of an obvious intraluminal bulge using a dedicated large-bore aspiration needle. The transmural tract into the PFC was dilated using a balloon with a diameter of 6 to 20 mm followed by subsequent placement of one or two 10-Fr double pigtail stents with or without nasocystic irrigation tubes. Successful entry was defined as entry allowing for the placement of stents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference in the complication rates was observed when they were analyzed for the following variables: age, gender, balloon diameter, presence of endoscopic impression, drainage approach, and size and type of fluid collection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic transmural drainage of pancreatic fluid collections can be performed safely and effectively via the Seldinger technique without endoscopic ultrasound guidance. The study data will allow sample size calculations to be made if direct comparisons with this technique and others are undertaken.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chahal
authors.forename: G I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Papachristou
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Baron
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001826:Body Fluids; D002648:Child; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D012074:Remission Induction; D013396:Suction / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*