Coffee consumption and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND
Coffee consumption has been associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We examined the relationship between coffee consumption and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM].


METHODS
In this prospective study, 1744 non-diabetic pregnant women were questioned during early gestation about their coffee consumption. We studied the association of coffee consumption before and during pregnancy, and the subsequent risk of GDM. Generalised, linear models were fitted to estimate risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals.


RESULTS
Women who reported moderate pre-pregnancy caffeinated coffee intake had a significantly reduced risk of GDM (adjusted RR 0.50; 95% CI 0.29-0.85) compared with non-consumers. No risk reduction was associated with decaffeinated coffee intake.


CONCLUSIONS
Moderate pre-pregnancy caffeinated coffee consumption may have a protective association with GDM. Prospective studies, including a wider range of consumption habits, are necessary.
Adeney
Kathryn L
KL
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. kathryn7@u.washington.edu
Williams
Michelle A
MA
Schiff
Melissa A
MA
Qiu
Chunfang
C
Sorensen
Tanya K
TK
D000328:Adult; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003069:Coffee; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D003069:Coffee; D002110:Caffeine