title: Chronic pulmonary valve insufficiency after repaired tetralogy of Fallot: diagnostics, reoperations and reconstruction possibilities.
abstract: Complete correction of Tetralogy of Fallot, the most common cyanotic congenital heart defect, has now become routine. However, late residual lesions, primarily chronic pulmonary valve insufficiency, may have a negative impact on right-ventricular function, leading to the need for reoperation to insert a competent valve at the right-ventricular outflow. The diagnostic modalities pertaining to the failing right ventricle, the timing for eventual reintervention and the various surgical reconstruction possibilities of the right-ventricular outflow tract are still controversial and evolving, and are reviewed with a brief overview on current trends and future outlooks.
authors.affiliation: University of Zürich, Division of Congenital Cardiovascular Surgery, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH-8032 Zürich, Switzerland. alexanderkadner@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kadner
authors.forename: Igor I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Tulevski
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bauersfeld
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prêtre
authors.forename: Emanuela R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Valsangiacomo-Buechel
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dodge-Khatami
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D011665:Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012086:Reoperation; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013771:Tetralogy of Fallot / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014694:Ventricular Outflow Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology