title: The biology of metastasis to a sanctuary site.
abstract: Metastasis to the brain is prevalent in solid tumors and lymphomas, and is associated with shortened survival. The brain is regarded as a sanctuary site for metastatic tumor cells where they exist partially protected from drugs by the blood-tumor barrier. Model systems for brain metastasis have been developed and are now yielding mechanistic insights into the roles of angiogenesis, energy metabolism, the Her-2 and Stat3 signaling pathways, and dormancy. Specific, new approaches to combat brain metastatic disease are needed.
authors.affiliation: Women's Cancers Section, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Palmieri
authors.forename: Ann F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Chambers
authors.forename: Brunhilde
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Felding-Habermann
authors.forename: Suyun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Patricia S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Steeg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000209:etiology* / Q000556:secondary*; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000473:pathology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor