title: Formation of oxidation byproducts from ozonation of wastewater.
abstract: Disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation in tertiary wastewater was examined after ozonation (O(3)) and advanced oxidation with O(3) and hydrogen peroxide (O(3)/H(2)O(2)). O(3) and O(3)/H(2)O(2) were applied at multiple dosages to investigate DBP formation during coliform disinfection and trace contaminant oxidation. Results showed O(3) provided superior disinfection of fecal and total coliforms compared to O(3)/H(2)O(2). Color, UV absorbance, and SUVA were reduced by O(3) and O(3)/H(2)O(2), offering wastewater utilities a few potential surrogates to monitor disinfection or trace contaminant oxidation. At equivalent O(3) dosages, O(3)/H(2)O(2) produced greater concentrations of assimilable organic carbon (5-52%), aldehydes (31-47%), and carboxylic acids (12-43%) compared to O(3) alone, indicating that organic DBP formation is largely dependent upon hydroxyl radical exposure. Bromate formation occurred when O(3) dosages exceeded the O(3) demand of the wastewater. Bench-scale tests with free chlorine showed O(3) is capable of reducing total organic halide (TOX) formation potential by at least 20%. In summary, O(3) provided superior disinfection compared to O(3)/H(2)O(2) while minimizing DBP concentrations. These are important considerations for water reuse, aquifer storage and recovery, and advanced wastewater treatment applications.
authors.affiliation: Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA), 243 Lakeshore Rd., Boulder City, NV 89005, USA. eric.wert@snwa.com
authors.forename: Eric C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Wert
authors.forename: Fernando L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Rosario-Ortiz
authors.forename: Doug D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Drury
authors.forename: Shane A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Snyder
mesh_terms: D001681:Biological Assay; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000737:chemistry*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010126:Ozone / Q000737:chemistry*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D010126:Ozone; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide