Translesion synthesis: Y-family polymerases and the polymerase switch.
Replicative DNA polymerases are blocked at DNA lesions. Synthesis past DNA damage requires the replacement of the replicative polymerase by one of a group of specialised translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerases, most of which belong to the Y-family. Each of these has different substrate specificities for different types of damage. In eukaryotes mono-ubiquitination of PCNA plays a crucial role in the switch from replicative to TLS polymerases at stalled forks. All the Y-family polymerases have ubiquitin binding sites that increase their binding affinity for ubiquitinated PCNA at the sites of stalled forks.
Lehmann
Alan R
AR
Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK. a.r.lehmann@sussex.ac.uk
Niimi
Atsuko
A
Ogi
Tomoo
T
Brown
Stephanie
S
Sabbioneda
Simone
S
Wing
Jonathan F
JF
Kannouche
Patricia L
PL
Green
Catherine M
CM
D000818:Animals; D004260:DNA Repair; D004261:DNA Replication; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000502:physiology*; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism
D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D025801:Ubiquitin; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase