Cost-effectiveness of alendronate in the treatment of postmenopausal women in 9 European countries--an economic evaluation based on the fracture intervention trial.
Treatment with alendronate (Fosamax) has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of fragility fractures. Cost-effectiveness of treatment was assessed in nine European countries in a Markov model and was generally found to be cost effective in women with a previous spine fracture.


BACKGROUND
Treatment with alendronate (Fosamax) reduces the risk of osteoporotic fractures at the spine, hip and wrist in women with and without prevalent vertebral fracture. Cost-effectiveness estimates in one country may not be applicable elsewhere due to differences in fracture risks, costs and drug prices. The aim of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of treating postmenopausal women with alendronate in nine European countries, comprising Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and the UK.


METHODS
A Markov model was populated with data for the nine European populations. Effect of treatment was taken from the Fracture Intervention Trial, which recruited women with low BMD alone or with a prior vertebral fracture.


RESULTS
The cost per QALY gained of treating postmenopausal women with prior vertebral fractures ranged in the base case from "cost saving" in the Scandinavian countries to <euro>15,000 in Italy. Corresponding estimates for women without prior vertebral fractures ranged from "cost saving" to <euro>40,000.


CONCLUSIONS
In relation to thresholds generally used, the analysis suggests that alendronate is very cost effective in the treatment of women with previous vertebral fracture, and in women without previous vertebral fracture, cost-effectiveness depends on the country setting, discount rates, and chosen monetary thresholds.
Ström
O
O
European Health Economics, Vasagaatn 38 2 tr, SE-111 20, Stockholm, Sweden. oskar.s@healtheconomics.se
Borgström
F
F
Sen
S S
SS
Boonen
S
S
Haentjens
P
P
Johnell
O
O
Kanis
J A
JA
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019386:Alendronate / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008390:Markov Chains; D008875:Middle Aged; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D011788:Quality of Life; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control
D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D019386:Alendronate