[Increase of muscle mass and strength with hormones and other drugs, combined with physical training].
Increasing muscle mass and strength is the aim of some body builders and sportsmen, and is a therapeutic target in hormonal deficiencies, as well as in many clinical situations, when muscle devastation is a life-limiting factor. Human growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor, anabolic-androgen steroids and regulating proteins influencing muscle development and differentiation are used also for delaying the aging processes. Some of the practices are hailed by several myths, mainly because doping cases in certain competitive sports. Physiology, and therapeutic experiences with these substances are reviewed with special reference to physical exercise and to some frail conditions.
Apor
Péter
P
Semmelweis Egyetem, Testnevelési és Sporttudományi Kar Humán Kineziológia Szak Budapest Czakó u. 9. 1016 Apor-Med Bt. Budapest, Hungary. p.apor.md@freemail.hu
Tihanyi
József
J
Costa
Andreas
A
D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects; D000728:Androgens / Q000494:pharmacology; D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004300:Doping in Sports; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D006728:Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology
D000728:Androgens; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D006728:Hormones; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019382:Human Growth Hormone