title: [Breast cancer pathogenesis of stagnation of phlegm, poison and blood stasis: rationale and clinical application in traditional Chinese medicine].
abstract: Breast cancer is called "Ruyan" in literature of traditional Chinese medicine. We synthesized the ancient and contemporary discussions and raised the theory that "Duxie" (poisonous pathogenic factor) is the etiological factor and pathologic product through the whole course of breast cancer. "Liuyin Fudu" (latent poison of six exogenous pathogenic factors) and "Qiqing Yudu" (stagnant poison of seven emotions) are the main etiological factors affecting the breast cancer occurrence. "Aidu Neisheng" (internal product of cancer poison) is the essential change in breast cancer occurrence. "Tandu Yujie" (stagnation of phlegm, poison and blood stasis) is the essential pathogenesis of the breast cancer's development. "Yudu Weiqing" (vestigial poison) is the main pathogenesis of breast cancer after operation. "Yudu Pangcuan" (vestigial poison invasion elsewhere) is the key pathogenesis of recurrence and metastasis after operation. "Sanjie Jiedu" (dispersing accumulation and detoxification) is an important therapeutic principle in breast cancer's treatment after operation. The "Tandu Yujie" pathogenesis theory and "Sanjie Jiedu" therapeutic principle developed the theory about breast cancer in traditional Chinese medicine, and have some clinical application value.
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China. yige823@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yong-qiang
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Zhen-ping
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: De-ming
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D012307:Risk Factors