title: Cervicothoracic goitre: an anatomical or radiological definition? Report of 223 surgical cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse and compare chest radiographs and cervicothoracic computed tomography scans taken prior to thyroid surgery, in order to locate and predict thoracic extension of substernal goitres.
  
  
  METHODS
  This eight-year, retrospective study included 223 patients who had undergone total thyroidectomy for benign, substernal, multinodular goitres. Chest radiographs and computed tomography scans were reviewed by two physicians (a senior ENT surgeon and a senior radiologist).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequent mode of extension was anterior or prevascular, seen in 76 per cent of cases, especially on the left side. Fifty-nine per cent of goitres did not reach the aortic arch and 11 per cent extended beyond the aortic arch. A cervical surgical approach was performed in approximately 99 per cent of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thorough examination of computed tomography scans is essential in order to identify and classify substernal goitres and to decide the best surgical procedure. A cervical surgical procedure is almost always sufficient and safe for the surgical management of substernal goitres.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Computed tomography appears to be the best imaging modality for identifying and characterising substernal goitres. Surgical management is almost always via a cervical approach and does not differ from that used for benign cervical goitres. In the future, magnetic resonance imaging may be used; its results would need to be compared with those of computed tomography.
authors.affiliation: Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Jules Verne University, Amiens, France. cyril_page@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Page
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Strunski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006045:Goiter, Substernal / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed