title: Clinical application of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 in 4 dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe outcome in dogs with insufficient bone healing treated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four dogs clinically affected with delayed union or nonunion bone healing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records were reviewed for signalment, clinical problem, treatment, and outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four dogs that had delayed- or nonunion of bone fracture, osteotomy, or arthrodesis were treated with either minimally invasive, fluoroscopically guided, percutaneous administration or direct surgical application of rhBMP-2. Doses used ranged from 0.2 to 1.6 mg of rhBMP-2. In 3 dogs, a calcium phosphate matrix (CPM) carrier was used whereas in 1 dog commercially prepared rhBMP-2 impregnated in an absorbable collagen sponge (INFUSE Bone Graft) was used. This latter dog had osteomyelitis associated with implant infection before rhBMP-2 administration. Rapid radiographic union was noted in all dogs with excellent long-term outcome. Adverse effects were minimal and included transient worsening of lameness after percutaneous administration of rhBMP-2 in 2 dogs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  rhBMP-2 stimulated rapid bone formation at delayed- or nonunion sites resulting in radiographic bone union with minimal adverse effects and excellent long-term outcome in 4 dogs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Direct intraoperative administration or fluoroscopically guided, minimally invasive delivery of rhBMP-2 may be an effective treatment modality for bone delayed- or nonunions and could potentially be used to stimulate new bone production in a variety of orthopedic surgical conditions in dogs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1102, USA.
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Milovancev
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muir
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Manley
authors.forename: Howard J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Seeherman
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schaefer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001843:Bone Cements; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001860:Bone Plates / Q000662:veterinary; D003094:Collagen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004285:Dogs / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary; D017102:Fracture Healing; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D006801:Humans; D006810:Humeral Fractures / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000662:veterinary*; D011859:Radiography; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D003094:Collagen