title: Comparison of 0.25% levobupivacaine, 0.25% bupivacaine, and 0.125% bupivacaine for duration and magnitude of action in peripheral arterial blood flow induced by sympathetic block in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to compare 0.25% levobupivacaine with 0.25% bupivacaine and 0.125% bupivacaine to examine the duration and magnitude of vasodilative effect induced by sympathetic block.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and right and left brachial-artery blood flow (BABF) before and after cervicothoracic sympathetic block in 24 dogs. The experimental protocol was designed as follows: (1) left cervicothoracic sympathetic block with 1.0 mL of 0.25% levobupivacaine (n = 8), (2) left cervicothoracic sympathetic block with 1.0 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine (n = 8), and (3) left cervicothoracic sympathetic block with 1.0 mL of 0.125% bupivacaine (n = 8).
  
  
  RESULTS
  MAP and HR did not change significantly throughout the study in either group. Left cervicothoracic sympathetic block with 0.25% levobupivacaine increased left BABF significantly from 5 minutes through 80 minutes after the block (baseline, 100%; peak at 10 minutes after the block, 185 +/- 35%; P <.01). Left cervicothoracic sympathetic block with 0.25% bupivacaine increased left BABF significantly from 5 minutes through 100 minutes after the block (baseline, 100%; peak at 10 minutes after the block, 251 +/- 47%; P < .01). Left cervicothoracic sympathetic block with 0.125% bupivacaine increased left BABF significantly from 5 minutes through 80 minutes after the block (baseline, 100%; peak at 10 minutes after the block, 155 +/- 20%; P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  0.25% Levobupivacaine may have a lower potency compared with 0.25% bupivacaine in sympathetic block in dogs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadaomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Toshimitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitajima
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001340:Autonomic Nerve Block; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000502:physiology*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000077554:Levobupivacaine; D008297:Male; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077554:Levobupivacaine; D002045:Bupivacaine