title: Type-D personality and depressive symptoms predict anxiety 12 months post-percutaneous coronary intervention.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We examined whether type-D personality exerts a stable effect on anxiety over time and the clinical relevance of type-D personality as a predictor of anxiety 12 months post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients (n=416) with stable or unstable angina pectoris treated with PCI completed the Type-D Scale (DS14) at baseline and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at baseline and 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, 26% of the patients were anxious, with 67% of these patients still being anxious 12 months post-PCI (p<0.001). There was no significant change in anxiety between baseline and 12 months (p=0.96) nor was the interaction effect type-D personality by time significant (p=0.41). However, type-D patients experienced significantly higher levels of anxiety than non-type-D patients (p<0.001). Type-D personality (OR: 2.89; CI: 1.57-5.34), depressive symptoms (OR: 3.27; CI: 1.73-6.18) and anxiety at baseline (OR: 8.38; CI: 4.65-15.12) were independent predictors of anxiety 12 months post-PCI, adjusting for baseline demographic and clinical characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A limitation of the study is the attrition rate of 105 patients who did not complete the HADS at 12 months. No information was available on the use of psychotropic medication and participation in cardiac rehabilitation, which could serve as confounders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Type-D exerted a stable effect on anxiety over time and was an independent predictor of anxiety 12 months post-PCI together with depressive symptoms and anxiety at baseline. The DS14 could be used as a screening tool in clinical practice to identify high-risk patients post-PCI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Ba 559, Erasmus Medical Center, Dr Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Yvette R B M
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: van Gestel
authors.forename: Susanne S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Meike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van de Sande
authors.forename: Peter P T
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: de Jaegere
authors.forename: Patrick W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Serruys
authors.forename: Ruud A M
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Erdman
authors.forename: Ron T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: van Domburg
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000523:psychology*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002605:Character; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012307:Risk Factors; D012917:Social Adjustment