Mucosal administration of low-dose cell-associated feline immunodeficiency virus promotes viral latency.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 can occasionally be detected as a cryptic or latent infection in seronegative, asymptomatic patients. To develop an animal model of host latency, cats were mucosally challenged with 10(2)-10(6) feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected T cells. Although high-dose exposure (10(4)-10(6) T cells) resulted in progressive infection, no evidence of infection was seen in 5 of 6 cats exposed to 10(2) or 10(3) T cells. However, after ex vivo CD8(+) T cell depletion and phorbol myristate acetate treatment, FIV could be reactivated in tissues from 4 cats. Thus, latent tissue viral reservoirs can be induced by low-dose cell-associated mucosal challenge, providing a model to dissect the mechanisms that control reservoir establishment.
Assogba
Barnabe Dossou
BD
Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. assogba.1@osu.edu
Leavell
Sarah
S
Porter
Kyle
K
Burkhard
Mary Jo
MJ
D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D002415:Cats; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D016089:Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D016180:Lentivirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000821:virology; D011533:Proviruses / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014621:Vagina / Q000821:virology; D014766:Viremia / Q000097:blood; D017735:Virus Latency / Q000276:immunology*