title: [Olfactory neuroblastoma (esthesioneuroblastoma): etiopatogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Esthesioneuroblastoma is a malignant tumour arising from the olfactory epithelium located in the upper part of the nasal cavities. Recent clinical and preclinical studies shed more light on etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare malignancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review of PubMed/Medline and available Polish literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Molecular studies indicate basal progenitor cells of the olfactory epithelium as the origin of esthesioneuroblastoma. Tumour symptoms are related to its location and typically include: epistaxis, nasal obstruction, olfactory and ophtalmic disturbances as well as craniofacial pain. Esthesioneuroblastoma should be differentiated from embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, melanoma, lymphoma, and pericytoma. A combination of surgery and radiotherapy seems to be the optimum approach to treatment. More aggressive treatment regimens are promising but require further studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Esthesioneuroblastoma is a rare malignant tumour arising from the olfactory epithelium. Early diagnosis and interdisciplinary approach to treatment is vital in the management of the tumour.
authors.affiliation: Klinika Otolaryngologii, Oddział Stomatologii, I Wydział Lekarski AM w Warszawie. scinska@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scińska
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Korkosz
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sienkiewicz-Jarosz
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kukwa
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jezewska
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kukwa
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D018304:Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa