title: Radio-frequency single-electron refrigerator.
abstract: We propose a cyclic refrigeration principle based on mesoscopic electron transport. Synchronous sequential tunneling of electrons in a Coulomb-blockaded device, a normal metal-superconductor single-electron box, results in a cooling power of approximately k(B)T x f at temperature T over a wide range of cycle frequencies f. Electrostatic work, done by the gate voltage source, removes heat from the Coulomb island with an efficiency of approximately k(B)T/Delta, where Delta is the superconducting gap parameter. The performance is not affected significantly by nonidealities, for instance by offset charges. We propose ways of characterizing the system and of its practical implementation.
authors.affiliation: Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, PO Box 3500, 02015 TKK, Finland.
authors.forename: Jukka P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Pekola
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giazotto
authors.forename: Olli-Pentti
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Saira