title: Heterozygous neuregulin 1 mice are more sensitive to the behavioural effects of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cannabis use may precipitate schizophrenia especially if the individual has a genetic vulnerability to this mental disorder. Human and animal research indicates that neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) is a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate whether dysfunction in the Nrg1 gene modulates the behavioural effects of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major psychotropic component of cannabis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Heterozygous Nrg1 transmembrane-domain knockout mice (Nrg1 HET) were treated with acute THC (0, 5 or 10 mg/kg i.p.) 30 min before being tested using open field (OF), hole board (HB), light-dark (LD), elevated plus maze (EPM), social interaction (SI) and prepulse inhibition (PPI) tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nrg1 HET mice showed differences in baseline behaviour with regard to locomotor activity, exploration and anxiety. More importantly, they were more sensitive to the locomotor suppressant actions of THC compared to wild type-like (WT) mice. In addition, Nrg1 HET mice expressed a greater THC-induced enhancement in % PPI than WT mice. The effects of THC on anxiety-related behaviour were task-dependent, with Nrg1 HET mice being more susceptible than WT mice to the anxiogenic effects of THC in LD, but not in the EPM, SI and OF tests.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nrg1 HET mice were more sensitive to the acute effects of THC in an array of different behaviours including those that model symptoms of schizophrenia. It appears that variation in the schizophrenia-related neuregulin 1 gene alters the sensitivity to the behavioural effects of cannabinoids.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Institute of Schizophrenia and Allied Disorders, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Boucher
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Schofield
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Micheau
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000139:chemically induced; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005838:Genotype; D006213:Hallucinogens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D020890:Neuregulin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000187:drug effects; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics*; D012919:Social Behavior
chemical_list: D006213:Hallucinogens; D020890:Neuregulin-1; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D013759:Dronabinol