title: Skills acquisition for laparoscopic gastric bypass in the training laboratory: an innovative approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGBP) is a technically demanding procedure, with a long learning curve. The aim of this study was three-fold: to develop a task-based approach to training in LRYGBP, define a tool for objective technical skills assessments, and objectively determine the efficacy of this approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Videos of expert and novice surgeons performing LRYGBP on patients and anesthetised porcine models were analyzed to define an appropriate task for skills assessment. Subsequently, a jejuno-jejunostomy model was developed using cadaveric porcine small bowel, placed into a video-box trainer. 27 surgeons of varying experience levels in advanced laparoscopic procedures performed the task. Assessments of technical skill were by hand motion analysis and video-based scoring. A further 16 surgeons inexperienced in LRYGBP attended a task-based hands-on training course and performed the jejuno-jejunostomy task at start and end of the course.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The jejuno-jejunostomy model differentiated between surgeons of varying experience levels for time taken (P<0.001), economy of movement (P=0.001) and video scores (P<0.001). Surgeons attending the training course made significant improvements in time taken (P=0.002) and economy of movement (P=0.006), although not for generic video scores (P=0.243) by the end of course.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The structured, task-based approach for commencement of training in LRYGBP leads to objective improvements in the technical skills of inexperienced surgeons at the end of a short course. The next stage of the curriculum should be to achieve proficiency in the complete procedure on an anesthetised porcine model, prior to preceptorship on human cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosurgery & Surgical Technology, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, London, UK. rajesh.aggarwal@imperial.ac.uk
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.forename: Camilo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boza
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hance
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lacy
authors.forename: Ara
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Darzi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002102:Cadaver; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003162:Competency-Based Education / Q000379:methods*; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D023421:Models, Animal; D017145:Models, Educational; D017792:Surgical Stapling / Q000193:education; D013552:Swine