Two different profiles of peach allergy in the north of Spain.
BACKGROUND
Peach allergy has two different patterns: central Europe with oral allergy syndrome (OAS) related to a primary sensitization to birch pollen Bet v 1 and profilins and southern Europe with mostly systemic symptoms, in many cases due to sensitization to lipid-transfer proteins.


METHODS
Thirty peach-allergic patients with positive skin and food challenge tests and 29 control subjects were included. Skin prick tests (SPT) with inhalant allergens, commercial peach and apple extracts and native Pru p 3 were performed. In vitro specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E to grass pollen, birch pollen, peach, apple, rBet v 1, rBet v 2 and rPhl p 12 was determined by CAP, and rBet v 1, rMal d 1, rMal d 4, rMal d 3 and rPru p 3 using the ADVIA-Centaur platform. Basophil activation test (BAT) with commercial peach extract, commercial apple extract, nPru p 3, rMal d 3, rMal d 1 and rMal d 4 was also performed.


RESULTS
Pru p 3 was the major allergen in the patient group from northern Spain. Sensitization to this allergen was found in 100% of the patients with systemic symptoms or contact urticaria. Only 60% of OAS patients were sensitized to Pru p 3, being all of them sensitized to profilins and 60% of them to allergens of the Bet v 1 family. Specific IgE determination and BAT using recombinant allergens (rPru p 3) show specificity and sensitivity values close to 100%.


CONCLUSIONS
Most peach-allergic patients coming from the north of Spain present systemic symptoms after ingestion of peach, Pru p 3 being the main allergen. Patients with OAS present profilin-Bet v 1-related sensitization. Thus, in the north of Spain our patients show a mixed central-south Europe pattern with LTP-profilin-Bet v 1 sensitization depending on the symptoms presented. The use of natural and recombinant plant allergens, allows establishing the sensitization patterns to the different allergens studied.
Gamboa
P M
PM
Servicio de Alergia, Hospital de Basurto, Bilbao, Spain.
Cáceres
O
O
Antepara
I
I
Sánchez-Monge
R
R
Ahrazem
O
O
Salcedo
G
G
Barber
D
D
Lombardero
M
M
Sanz
M L
ML
D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D052179:Antigens, Plant / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D001491:Basophils / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D006969:Hypersensitivity, Immediate / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D010940:Plant Proteins; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D027861:Prunus / Q000276:immunology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D012882:Skin Tests; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D060149:Tetraspanin 30
D000485:Allergens; D015703:Antigens, CD; D052179:Antigens, Plant; C554586:CD63 protein, human; D010940:Plant Proteins; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; C463181:Pru p 3 allergen; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D060149:Tetraspanin 30; D007073:Immunoglobulin E