title: Effects of distress, alexithymia and impulsivity on eating.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve our understanding of possible mechanisms underlying emotional overeating this study examined the effects of a distress manipulation on food intake in relation to alexithymia and impulsivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 86 females who were subjected to a distress manipulation (the anticipation of a public speaking task) prior to an ad lib taste task and filled out questionnaires on impulsivity and the alexithymia constructs difficulty identifying and describing feelings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Alexithymia significantly (p<.05) moderated the relationship between food consumption and distress. Instead of eating less in the distress condition, alexithymic females ate the same or even more, this showing a 'biological unnatural' and 'inapt' response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest that for the 'natural' distress response (reduction of food intake) good ability to identify and describe feelings to others is required, and that the presence or absence of these abilities may predict which people respond to distress by undereating or by overeating. The results provide empirical support for Bruch's conceptualisation of poor interoceptive awareness as possible predictive factor for emotional overeating.
authors.affiliation: Behavioral Science Institute, Department of Clinical Psychology, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands. vanstrien@psych.ru.nl
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van Strien
authors.forename: Machteld A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ouwens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000523:psychology*; D001364:Awareness; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006963:Hyperphagia / Q000523:psychology*; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D009042:Motivation; D009426:Netherlands; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics; D012718:Set, Psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications*