title: Orthodontic treatment of patients using bisphosphonates: a report of 2 cases.
abstract: The pharmacologic agent bisphosphonate has recently received much attention in the dental literature. Bisphosphonates in oral or intravenous forms are used to treat various diseases such as certain cancers, bone- and calcium-related disorders, osteoporosis, and osteopenia. Bisphosphonates inhibit bone turnover and result in increased bone-mineral density. The most serious dental side effect of bisphosphonate treatment (particularly when it is administered intravenously) is, paradoxically, osteonecrosis of the mandible or the maxilla represented by exposed nonhealing bone. Other related complications include decreased bone healing and inhibition of orthodontic tooth movement. This article reports the orthodontic treatment of 2 patients who were taking bisphosphonates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa, USA. drinchuse@aol.com
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rinchuse
authors.forename: Donald J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rinchuse
authors.forename: Mark F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Sosovicka
authors.forename: Janet M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Robison
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pendleton
mesh_terms: D000224:Addison Disease / Q000188:drug therapy; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000188:drug therapy; D019516:Orthodontic Space Closure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates