title: Translesion synthesis: Y-family polymerases and the polymerase switch.
abstract: Replicative DNA polymerases are blocked at DNA lesions. Synthesis past DNA damage requires the replacement of the replicative polymerase by one of a group of specialised translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerases, most of which belong to the Y-family. Each of these has different substrate specificities for different types of damage. In eukaryotes mono-ubiquitination of PCNA plays a crucial role in the switch from replicative to TLS polymerases at stalled forks. All the Y-family polymerases have ubiquitin binding sites that increase their binding affinity for ubiquitinated PCNA at the sites of stalled forks.
authors.affiliation: Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK. a.r.lehmann@sussex.ac.uk
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Niimi
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogi
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sabbioneda
authors.forename: Jonathan F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Wing
authors.forename: Patricia L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Kannouche
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Green
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004260:DNA Repair; D004261:DNA Replication; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000502:physiology*; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D025801:Ubiquitin; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase