title: [Diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents: chronic complications and associated diseases].
abstract: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases. Type 1, or autoimmune, diabetes accounts for more than 95 % of cases in children and adolescents. Chronic hyperglycemia per se is responsible for the development of several microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy) and macrovascular complications (ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease). Other autoimmune diseases are also more frequent in type 1 diabetic patients. The present review aims to provide an update on some recent advances in this field to aid early detection of these complications and prevent or delay their progression through improved metabolic control.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Endocrinología, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, España. orubio.hnjs@salud.madrid.org
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rubio Cabezas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Argente Oliver
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans