title: Coronary calcification is more predictive of carotid intimal medial thickness in black compared to white middle aged men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Race-specific data for the association between coronary artery calcification (CAC) and carotid intimal medial thickness (IMT) are limited. We sought to compare black-white specific associations of these two measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a population-based study of 379 randomly selected men aged 40-49 years (84 black and 295 white) from Allegheny County, US (2004-2006). Agatston CAC score was evaluated by electron-beam tomography and carotid IMT was evaluated by ultrasonography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to white men, black men had similar prevalence of CAC (p=0.56) and higher total carotid IMT (p<0.001). In black and white men, CAC score had significant positive correlations with total carotid IMT (r=0.47 and r=0.24, respectively, p<0.001 for both) as well as the IMT for the common carotid artery (CCA), internal carotid artery and carotid bulb. The associations of CAC with total and CCA IMT were significantly stronger in black (beta=0.07 and beta=0.05, respectively) than white men (beta=0.03 and beta=0.01, respectively) after adjustment for traditional coronary risk factors (p=0.046 and p=0.036, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In black and white middle aged men, CAC score had significant positive correlations with total and segmental carotid IMT. CAC was more predictive of total and CCA IMT in black than white men independent of coronary risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, USA. amest30@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Aiman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Saed
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sekikawa
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Edmundowicz
authors.forename: Rhobert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sutton-Tyrrell
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kadowaki
authors.forename: Jina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choo
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takamiya
authors.forename: Lewis H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Kuller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology; D044383:Black People; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D044465:White People