title: Influence of pressure on pyrolysis of black liquor: 1. Swelling.
abstract: This is the first of two papers concerning the behavior of black liquor during pyrolysis under pressurized conditions. Two industrial kraft liquors were pyrolyzed in a laboratory-scale pressurized single particle reactor and a pressurized grid heater at temperatures ranging from 650 to 1100 degrees C and at pressures between 1 and 20 bar. The dimensions of the chars produced were measured and the specific swollen volume was calculated. Swelling decreased roughly logarithmically over the pressure range 1-20 r. An expression is developed to predict the specific swollen volume at elevated pressure when the volume at 1 bar is known. The bulk density of the char increased with pressure, indicating that liquors will be entrained less easily at higher pressures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, 50 S. Central Campus Drive, Room 3290, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. kevin.whitty@utah.edu
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Whitty
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Backman
authors.forename: Mikko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hupa
mesh_terms: D007220:Industrial Waste; D011312:Pressure; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste