title: Safety and pharmacokinetics of paracetamol following intravenous administration of 5 g during the first 24 h with a 2-g starting dose.
abstract: Intravenous (i.v.) paracetamol is used as 1-g infusions with a maximal daily dose of 4 g/day. However, a higher initial analgesic dose could be of interest in the immediate postoperative period when the pain is maximal. The purpose of the present study was to determine in healthy subjects the safety and the pharmacokinetics of i.v. paracetamol, starting with a 2-g dose, followed by 1-g doses every 6 h, leading to a total of 5 g the first 24 h. This was an open-label, single-sequence study. The paracetamol pharmacokinetic profile was assessed in 26 subjects after both the 2-g starting dose and the 1-g doses. Safety, especially hepatotoxicity, was evaluated up to 72 h after the initial 2-g dose. Following the first 15-min i.v. administration of paracetamol 2 g, plasma concentrations ranged from 67.9+/-21.8 mug/ml (peak plasma concentration (C(max)) at the end of infusion) to 6.2+/-2.3 mug/ml (trough plasma concentration (C(min)) measured just before the next infusion) without any C(max) in the toxic range for any subject. After the repeated 1-g infusions, the plasma concentrations were approximately 35% lower than that measured after 2 g, showing the absence of accumulation. No clinical adverse events related to the drug administration nor clinically relevant changes in laboratory parameters, including biochemical signs of hepatotoxicity, were reported. After i.v. administration of paracetamol 2-g starting dose and 5 g during the first 24 h, the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol remain unchanged, with concentrations far below the toxic threshold. Overall, these results demonstrate that the i.v. administration of a 2-g starting dose of paracetamol, followed by three i.v. administrations of 1 g during the first 24 h is safe in healthy subjects.
authors.affiliation: SGS-Aster S.A.S, Paris, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gregoire
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hovsepian
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gualano
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Evene
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dufour
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gendron
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000328:Adult; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000082:Acetaminophen