title: Brain magnetic resonance imaging of infants exposed prenatally to buprenorphine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the brains of newborns exposed to buprenorphine prenatally.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven neonates followed up antenatally in connection with their mothers' buprenorphine replacement therapy underwent 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain before the age of 2 months. The infants were born to heavy drug abusers. Four mothers were hepatitis C positive, and all were HIV negative. All mothers smoked tobacco and used benzodiazepines. All pregnancies were full term, and no perinatal asphyxia occurred. All but one neonate had abstinence syndrome and needed morphine replacement therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neither structural abnormalities nor abnormalities in signal intensity were recorded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Buprenorphine replacement therapy does not seem to cause any major structural abnormalities of the brain, and it may prevent known hypoxic-ischemic brain changes resulting from uncontrolled drug abuse. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess possible abnormalities in the brain maturation process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kahila
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kivitie-Kallio
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Halmesmäki
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Valanne
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Autti
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects*; D002047:Buprenorphine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009294:Narcotics / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009357:Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D002047:Buprenorphine