title: Borderline personality disorder and migraine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Borderline personality disorder (BPD) may be disproportionately common in the migraine patient population, but specific migraine features in the BPD subgroup remain incompletely characterized.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To define more clearly the clinical characteristics of migraine patients with BPD, to evaluate their clinical response to aggressive headache management, and to assess the sensitivity of an instrument intended to screen for the presence of BPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 50 consecutive patients with migraine and previously documented BPD, 50 consecutive patients with migraine of all types and no history of BPD, and 50 patients with migraine and no history of BPD matched to the first group for age, gender, and headache frequency. We assessed a variety of demographic and clinical variables at baseline, and to all patients we administered the McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (MSI-BPD). Patients in Groups 1 and 3 were treated for their headaches via a uniform pharmacologic management program. Treatment outcome was assessed after 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this series of migraine patients, coexisting BPD was associated with female gender, more pervasive headache, more migraine-related disability, a higher prevalence of medication overuse headache, more unscheduled visits for acute migraine treatment, a higher prevalence of active, self-reported depression, and a lower likelihood of responding to pharmacologic therapy intended for headache management. The MSI-BPD was insensitive in detecting BPD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Migraine patients with coexisting BPD are clinically distinct from the migraine patient population as a whole; in particular, they are more severely affected by their headache disorder and more treatment refractory. Simple screening instruments used to detect BPD may be ineffective in the headache clinic setting.
authors.affiliation: University of South Alabama Headache Center, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, USA.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rothrock
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zweilfer
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Andress-Rothrock
authors.forename: Renay
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Drinkard
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Walters
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D015995:Prevalence; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome