title: Bortezomib, but not cisplatin, induces mitochondria-dependent apoptosis accompanied by up-regulation of noxa in the non-small cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H460.
abstract: Defects in the apoptotic machinery may contribute to chemoresistance of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We have previously showed a deficiency in mitochondria-dependent caspase-9 activation in NSCLC H460 cells after exposure to cisplatin, a drug widely used to treat NSCLC. Here we show that, unlike cisplatin, the novel anticancer agent bortezomib efficiently induces caspase-9 activation and apoptosis in H460 cells. A comparative analysis of molecular events underlying cell death in bortezomib-treated versus cisplatin-treated H460 cells revealed that bortezomib, but not cisplatin, caused a rapid and abundant release of cytochrome c and Smac/DIABLO from mitochondria. This was associated with a marked increase in levels of the BH3-only proapoptotic protein Noxa and the antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1. Taken together, our data show that bortezomib, by promoting a proapoptotic shift in the levels of proteins involved in mitochondrial outer-membrane permeabilization, is a potent activator of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in NSCLC cells. Our preclinical results support further investigation of bortezomib-based therapies as a possible new treatment modality for NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, CCA 2.36, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Voortman
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Checinska
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giaccone
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Frank A E
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Kruyt
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001897:Boronic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069286:Bortezomib; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001897:Boronic Acids; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; C498702:PMAIP1 protein, human; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D011719:Pyrazines; D000069286:Bortezomib; D045304:Cytochromes c; D020169:Caspases; D002945:Cisplatin