Dendritic cells at the osteo-immune interface: implications for inflammation-induced bone loss.
Within the past decade, the critical roles of T cells and T cell-mediated immunity in inflammation-induced osteoclastogenesis and subsequent bone loss have been extensively studied, thereby establishing the new paradigm of osteoimmunology. Therefore, dendritic cells (DCs), the most potent antigen-presenting cells, responsible for activation of naïve T cells and orchestration of the immune response, became critically situated at the osteo-immune interface. Today, emerging new evidence suggests that DC may be directly involved in inflammation-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone loss, by acting as osteoclast (OC) precursors that can further develop into DC-derived OCs (DDOC) under inflammatory conditions. These findings have tremendous implications, because in addition to DC's important roles in regulating innate and adaptive immunity, a direct contribution by these cells to inflammation-induced bone loss may provide a promising therapeutic target not only for controlling inflammation but also for modulating bone destruction.
Alnaeeli
Mawadda
M
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14620, USA.
Park
Jaekweon
J
Mahamed
Deeqa
D
Penninger
Joseph M
JM
Teng
Yen-Tung A
YT
D000818:Animals; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology*; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D018448:Models, Immunological; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology