title: Rapid aqueous photo-polymerization route to polymer and polymer-composite hydrogel 3D inverted colloidal crystal scaffolds.
abstract: Successful regeneration of biological tissues in vitro requires the utilization of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds that provide a near natural microenvironment for progenitor cells to grow, interact, replicate, and differentiate to form target tissues. In this work, a rapid aqueous photo-polymerization route was developed toward the fabrication of a variety of polymer hydrogel 3D inverted colloidal crystal (ICC) scaffolds having different physical and chemical properties. To demonstrate the versatility of this technique, a variety of polymer hydrogel ICC scaffolds were prepared, including (1) polyacrylamide (pAAM) scaffolds, (2) poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) scaffolds, (3) poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (pHEA) scaffolds, and composite scaffolds including (4) pAAM-pHEMA scaffolds, (5) pHEMA-pMAETAC [poly(2-methacryloyloxy) trimethyl ammonium] scaffolds, and (6) pHEA-pMEATAC scaffolds. Templates for scaffolds incorporated both uniform sized (104 microm diameter) and nonuniform sized (100 +/- 20 microm diameter) closely packed noncrosslinked poly(methyl methacrylate) beads. Human bone marrow stromal HS-5 cells were cultured on the six different types of scaffolds to demonstrate biocompatibility. Experimental results show that cells can remain viable in these scaffolds for at least 5 weeks. Of the six scaffolds, maximal cell adhesion and proliferation are obtained on the positively charged composite hydrogel pHEMA-pMEATAC and pHEA-pMAETAC scaffolds.
authors.affiliation: ICx Nomadics, Inc., 1024S Innovation Way, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74074, USA.
authors.forename: Yuanfang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shaopeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krouse
authors.forename: Nicholas A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Kotov
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eghtedari
authors.forename: Gracie
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: Massoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motamedi
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003102:Colloids; D006801:Humans; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry*; D008027:Light; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D017785:Photons; D011102:Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003102:Colloids; D011102:Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate