title: Alternative strategies to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dialysis treatment requires considerable resources and it is important to improve the efficiency of care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Files of all adult end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who entered dialysis therapy between 1991 and 1996, were studied and all use of health care resources was recorded. A total of 138 patients started with in-center hemodialysis (HD) and 76 patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Four alternative perspectives were applied to assess effectiveness. An additional analysis of 68 matched CAPD-HD pairs with similar characteristics was completed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cost-effectiveness ratios (CER; cost per life-year gained) were different in alternative observation strategies. If modality changes and cadaveric transplantations were ignored, annual first three years' CERs varied between $41220-61465 on CAPD and $44540-85688 on HD. If CAPD-failure was considered as death, CERs were $34466-81197 on CAPD. When follow-up censored at transplantation but dialysis modality changes were ignored, CERs were $59409-95858 on CAPD and $70042-85546 on HD. If observation censored at any change of primarily selected modality, figures were $57731-66710 on CAPD and $74671-91942 on HD. There was a trend of lower costs and better survival on CAPD, the only exception was the strategy in which technical failure of modality was considered as death. Figures of the matched CAPD-HD pairs were very close to the figures of the entire study population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to HD, CERs were slightly lower on CAPD.
authors.affiliation: Medical School, University of Tampere, Tampere FIN-33014, Finland. Tapani.Salonen@uta.fi
authors.forename: Tapani
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Salonen
authors.forename: Tuomo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reina
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oksa
authors.forename: Pekka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rissanen
authors.forename: Amos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pasternack
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000191:economics*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000191:economics*; D016019:Survival Analysis