title: Neurocognitive sequelae of pediatric sickle cell disease: a review of the literature.
abstract: This literature review summarizes all studies relating neuropsychological performance to neuroimaging findings in pediatric sickle cell disease (N=28; published 1991-2005). Although inconsistencies exist within and across domains, deficits in intelligence (IQ), attention and executive functions, memory, language, visuomotor abilities, and academic achievement have been identified. Overall neurocognitive compromise was revealed to be related to the level of neurological injury and the location of silent infarct. Attentional and executive dysfunction is prevalent and related to frontal lobe abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Division of Behavioral Medicine, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Memphis, TN 38105-2794, USA. leslie.berkelhammer@stjude.org
authors.forename: Leslie D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Berkelhammer
authors.forename: Adrienne L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Stacy D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Sanford
authors.forename: Courtney L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Dirksen
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Sharp
authors.forename: Allison S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Margulies
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Prengler
mesh_terms: D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D002648:Child; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D004522:Educational Status; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011379:Prognosis