Phase I North Central Cancer Treatment Group Trial-N9923 of escalating doses of twice-daily thoracic radiation therapy with amifostine and with alternating chemotherapy in limited stage small-cell lung cancer.
OBJECTIVE
The primary goal was to identify the maximum tolerable dose (MTD) of thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) that can be given with chemotherapy and amifostine for patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LSCLC).


METHODS
Treatment began with two cycles of topotecan (1 mg/m(2)) Days 1 to 5 and paclitaxel (175 mg/m(2)) Day 5 (every 3 weeks) given before and after TRT. The TRT began at 6 weeks. The TRT was given in 120 cGy fractions b.i.d. and the dose escalation (from 4,800 cGy, dose level 1, to 6,600 cGy, dose level 4) followed the standard "cohorts of 3" design. The etoposide (E) (50 mg/day) and cisplatin (C) (3 mg/m(2)) were given i.v. before the morning TRT and amifostine (500 mg/day) was given before the afternoon RT. This was followed by prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI). The dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were defined as Grade > or =4 hematologic, febrile neutropenia, esophagitis, or other nonhematologic toxicity, Grade > or =3 dyspnea, or Grade > or =2 pneumonitis.


RESULTS
Fifteen patients were evaluable for the Phase I portion of the trial. No DLTs were seen at dose levels 1 and 2. Two patients on dose level 4 experienced DLTs: 1 patient had a Grade 4 pneumonitis, dyspnea, fatigue, hypokalemia, and anorexia, and 1 patient had a Grade 5 hypoxia attributable to TRT. One of 6 patients on dose level 3 had a DLT, Grade 3 esophagitis. The Grade > or =3 toxicities seen in at least 10% of patients during TRT were esophagitis (53%), leukopenia (33%), dehydration (20%), neutropenia (13%), and fatigue (13%). The median survival was 14.5 months.


CONCLUSIONS
The MTD of b.i.d. TRT was 6000 cGy (120 cGy b.i.d.) with EP and amifostine.
Garces
Yolanda I
YI
Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. garces.yolanda@Mayo.edu
Okuno
Scott H
SH
Schild
Steven E
SE
Mandrekar
Sumithra J
SJ
Bot
Brian M
BM
Martens
John M
JM
Wender
Donald B
DB
Soori
Gamini S
GS
Moore
Dennis F
DF
Kozelsky
Timothy F
TF
Jett
James R
JR
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004999:Amifostine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D016371:Cranial Irradiation; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011786:Quality Control; D011788:Quality of Life; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D019772:Topotecan / Q000008:administration & dosage
D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D005047:Etoposide; D019772:Topotecan; D004999:Amifostine; D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin