title: SGNE1/7B2 is epigenetically altered and transcriptionally downregulated in human medulloblastomas.
abstract: In a genome-wide screen using differential methylation hybridization (DMH), we have identified a CpG island within the 5' region and untranslated first exon of the secretory granule neuroendocrine protein 1 gene (SGNE1/7B2) that showed hypermethylation in medulloblastomas compared to fetal cerebellum. Bisulfite sequencing and combined bisulfite restriction assay were performed to confirm the methylation status of this CpG island in primary medulloblastomas and medulloblastoma cell lines. Hypermethylation was detected in 16/23 (70%) biopsies and 7/8 (87%) medulloblastoma cell lines, but not in non-neoplastic fetal (n=8) cerebellum. Expression of SGNE1 was investigated by semi-quantitative competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and found to be significantly downregulated or absent in all, but one primary medulloblastomas and all cell lines compared to fetal cerebellum. After treatment of medulloblastoma cell lines with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, transcription of SGNE1 was restored. No mutation was found in the coding region of SGNE1 by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Reintroduction of SGNE1 into the medulloblastoma cell line D283Med led to a significant growth suppression and reduced colony formation. In summary, we have identified SGNE1 as a novel epigenetically silenced gene in medulloblastomas. Its frequent inactivation, as well as its inhibitory effect on tumor cell proliferation and focus formation strongly argues for a significant role in medulloblastoma development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn, Germany. awaha1@uni-bonn.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Waha
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Milde
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Felsberg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hübner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mikeska
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Goodyer
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sörensen
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lindberg
authors.forename: O D
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Wiestler
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pietsch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Waha
mesh_terms: D001374:Azacitidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D001483:Base Sequence; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002528:Cerebellar Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000235:genetics; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000077209:Decitabine; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008527:Medulloblastoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D051859:Neuroendocrine Secretory Protein 7B2 / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D051859:Neuroendocrine Secretory Protein 7B2; C497678:SCG5 protein, human; D000077209:Decitabine; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases; D001374:Azacitidine