title: Influence and interaction of diabetes and lipoprotein (a) serum levels on mortality of patients with peripheral artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for early complications and mortality in patients with peripheral artery disease. Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is also suggested to be a marker of increased cardiovascular risk. We investigated the association and interaction between diabetes mellitus, lipoprotein(a) and mortality in high risk patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 700 consecutive patients [median age 73 years, interquartile range (IQR) 62-80, 393 male (56%)] with PAD from a registry database. Atherothrombotic risk factors (diabetes, smoking, hyperlipidaemia, arterial hypertension) and Lp(a) serum levels were recorded. We used stratified multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses to assess the mortality risk at a given patient's age with respect to the presence of diabetes and Lp(a) serum levels (in tertiles).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with Lp(a) levels above 36 mg dL(-1) (highest tertile) and insulin-dependent type II diabetes had a 3.01-fold increased adjusted risk for death (95% confidence interval 1.28-6.64, P = 0.011) compared to patients without diabetes or patients with non-insulin-dependent type II diabetes. In patients with Lp(a) serum levels below 36 mg dL(-1) (lower and middle tertile), diabetes mellitus was not associated with an increased risk for death.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insulin-dependent type II diabetes mellitus seems to be associated with an increased risk for mortality in PAD patients with Lp(a) serum levels above 36 mg dL(-1). PAD patients with non-insulin-dependent type II diabetes, and patients with diabetes and Lp(a) levels below 36 mg dL(-1) showed survival rates comparable to PAD patients without diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Angiology and Endocrinology, Medical University, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maca
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mlekusch
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Doweik
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Budinsky
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bischof
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Minar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schillinger
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D017270:Lipoprotein(a)