title: Warm weather transport of broiler chickens in Manitoba. II. Truck management factors associated with death loss in transit to slaughter.
abstract: This observational study was conducted to identify the cause of death and load level factors associated with mortality in 1 090 733 Manitoba broiler chickens transported to slaughter in spring and early summer. Death loss in transit was 0.346% and accounted for 19% of the total carcass condemnation. The death loss pattern was clearly bimodal, with a low death loss in 180 of 198 shipments. Cumulative death loss during the growing phase of production was consistently associated with increased transport mortalities in load level models and when comparing high death loss with low death loss truckloads. High ambient temperature at the time of slaughter and loading density of the truck were the major factors associated with exceptional death loss.
authors.affiliation: Office of the Chief Veterinarian, Manitoba Agriculture Food and Rural Initiatives, Winnipeg, Manitoba. twhiting@gov.mb.ca
authors.forename: Terry L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Whiting
authors.forename: Mairead E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Drain
authors.forename: Drona P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Rasali
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D008350:Manitoba; D011156:Population Density; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014186:Transportation / Q000379:methods