title: Study of a new derivatizing reagent that improves the analysis of amino acids by HPLC with fluorescence detection: application to hydrolyzed rape bee pollen.
abstract: A simple and sensitive method for evaluating the chemical compositions of protein amino acids, including cystine (Cys)(2) and tryptophane (Try) has been developed, based on the use of a sensitive labeling reagent 2-(11H-benzo[alpha]-carbazol-11-yl) ethyl chloroformate (BCEC-Cl) along with fluorescence detection. The chromophore of the 1,2-benzo-3,4-dihydrocarbazole-ethyl chloroformate (BCEOC-Cl) molecule was replaced with the 2-(11H-benzo[alpha]-carbazol-11-yl) ethyl functional group, yielding the sensitive fluorescence molecule BCEC-Cl. The new reagent BCEC-Cl could then be substituted for labeling reagents commonly used in amino acid derivatization. The BCEC-amino acid derivatives exhibited very high detection sensitivities, particularly in the cases of (Cys)(2) and Try, which cannot be determined using traditional labeling reagents such as 9-fluorenyl methylchloroformate (FMOC-Cl) and ortho-phthaldialdehyde (OPA). The fluorescence detection intensities for the BCEC derivatives were compared to those obtained when using FMOC-Cl and BCEOC-Cl as labeling reagents. The ratios I (BCEC)/I (BCEOC) = 1.17-3.57, I (BCEC)/I (FMOC) = 1.13-8.21, and UV(BCEC)/UV(BCEOC) = 1.67-4.90 (where I is the fluorescence intensity and UV is the ultraviolet absorbance). Derivative separation was optimized on a Hypersil BDS C(18) column. The detection limits calculated from 1.0 pmol injections, at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, ranged from 7.2 fmol for Try to 8.4 fmol for (Cys)(2). Excellent linear responses were observed, with coefficients of >0.9994. When coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography, the method established here allowed the development of a highly sensitive and specific method for the quantitative analysis of trace levels of amino acids including (Cys)(2) and Try from bee-collected pollen (bee pollen) samples.
authors.affiliation: Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China. jmyou6304@163.com
authors.forename: Jinmao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Lingjun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wenchen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xianen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yourui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suo
authors.forename: Honglun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yulin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000737:chemistry*; D011058:Pollen / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D007202:Indicators and Reagents