title: Visualization of the ovaries in early pregnancy by transvaginal sonography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency of visualization of the ovaries by transvaginal sonography (TVS) in a group of women in early pregnancy and to determine the onset of a decrease in sonographic visualization of the ovaries during this time.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population included all patients with an intrauterine pregnancy confirmed by the presence of a yolk sac,embryo, or fetus. The biometric data included crown-rump length and/or gestational sac mean diameter corresponding to < - 14 weeks' gestational age (GA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study population included 11,095 women, of whom 1972 (17.8%) had a GA < - 6 weeks, 4665 (42.0%) 6.1 to 8 weeks, 2782 (25.1%) 8.1 to 10 weeks, 1208 (10.1%) 10.1 to 12 weeks, and 468 (4.2%) 12.1 to 14 weeks. At least one ovary was identified in 11,043 women (99.5%), and both ovaries were identified in 10,620 women (95.7%). Only the right ovary was identified in 274 women (2.5%), and only the left ovary was identified in 149 women (1.3%). In 52 women (0.5%), neither ovary was identified. Both ovaries were identified in 1929 pregnancies of < - 6 weeks' GA (97.8%), in 4528 between 6.1 and 8 weeks' GA (97.1%), in 2664 between 8.1 and 10 weeks, GA (95.8%), in 1114 between 10.1 and 12 weeks' GA (92.2%), and in 385 between 12.1 and 14 weeks' GA (82.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transvaginal sonography achieved an overall visualization of one or both ovaries in 99.5% women with pregnancies of < - 14 weeks, GA. Both ovaries were visualized in 95.7% of women. A significant decline in ovarian visualization occurred after 10 weeks' GA. The results provide reference data on the likelihood of ovarian visualization in early pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Women's College Hospital, Toronto ON.
authors.forename: Phyllis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Glanc
authors.affiliation: Clinica Imagem Centro Diagnostico, Florianopolis-Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brofman
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London ON.
authors.forename: Anat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kornecki
authors.affiliation: Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London ON.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abrams
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto ON.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Farine
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto ON.
authors.forename: Shia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salem
mesh_terms: D018568:Crown-Rump Length; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D010053:Ovary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal