Arylamine N-acetyltransferase I.
Arylamine N-acetyltransferase I (NAT1) is a phase II enzyme that acetylates a wide range of arylamine and hydrazine substrates. The NAT1 gene is located on chromosome 8 and shares homology to NAT genes found in most mammalian species. Gene expression occurs from at least two promoters and a number of tissue-specific transcripts have been identified. The gene is polymorphic with most mutations identified to date producing an unstable protein that is subject to polyubiquitination. The NAT1 protein contains a catalytic triad similar to a number of cysteine proteases and transglutaminases. NAT1 is widely distributed in the body, but the only endogenous substrate identified to date is the folate catabolite p-aminobenzoylglutamate. Recent links between NAT1 genotypes and susceptibility to spina bifida suggests that the enzyme has an important role in folate homeostasis.
Minchin
Rodney F
RF
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia. r.minchin@uq.edu.au
Hanna
Patrick E
PE
Dupret
Jean-Marie
JM
Wagner
Carston R
CR
Rodrigues-Lima
Fernando
F
Butcher
Neville J
NJ
D000818:Animals; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002384:Catalysis; D004194:Disease; D015894:Genome, Human; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D007527:Isoenzymes; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; C089384:N-acetyltransferase 1