title: Surgical resection of thalamic tumors in children: approaches and clinical results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thalamic tumors are uncommon, and although gross total removal (GTR) is a prospective goal, its interest is debated because the thalamus constitutes a highly functional region. The relation of choice of the surgical approach, achievability of GTR, and operative morbidity to the anatomic location of the tumor has received little attention in the medical literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed retrospectively the cases of pediatric patients treated for thalamic tumor, with pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging, and who were operated with the aim of maximal surgical removal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We reviewed 16 cases operated between 1992 and 2003. The clinical presentation was dominated by intracranial hypertension and hemiparesis. Fifteen children were operated through transcortical approaches: transfrontal in six cases, transparietal in six, and transtemporal in three. The remaining patient was operated through an infratemporal approach. All operations performed since 1998 used intraoperative neuronavigation. Complete or near-total resection was achieved in 11 cases; only subtotal resection was achieved in the remaining five cases. The most common postoperative morbidity was visual field defect. Hemiparesis was unchanged or improved in all the cases. Seven children died of tumor progression, in relation with high histological grade, and one died of acute hydrocephalus. The approach to thalamic tumors needs to be planned according to the location of critical neural structures. GTR of thalamic tumors in children bears acceptable morbidity and may even improve preoperative deficits. Surgery alone can be curative in low-grade tumors; in high-grade or infiltrating tumors, GTR is only part of the overall oncological management.
authors: Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Lille, France. mbaroncini@free.fr
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Baroncini
authors: Matthieu
authors: M
authors: Vinchon
authors: Jean-François
authors: JF
authors: Minéo
authors: Fabienne
authors: F
authors: Pichon
authors: Jean-Paul
authors: JP
authors: Francke
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Dhellemmes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D038361:Neuronavigation; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013786:Thalamic Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013788:Thalamus / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome