title: Nitric oxide, superoxide and renal blood flow autoregulation in SHR after perinatal L-arginine and antioxidants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide are considered to be regulatory in renal blood flow (RBF) autoregulation, and hence may contribute to development of hypertension. To extend our previous observations that dynamic NO release is impaired in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) we investigated, firstly, if superoxide dependency of RBF autoregulation is increased in SHR and, secondly, if the beneficial effect of perinatal supplementation in SHR is partly as a result of early correction of RBF autoregulation. We hypothesized that perinatal supplementation by restoring dynamic NO release and/or decreasing superoxide dependency and would improve life-long blood pressure regulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Autoregulation was studied using stepwise reductions in renal perfusion pressure in anaesthetized male SHR, SHR perinatally supplemented with arginine and antioxidants (SHRsuppl) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), prior to and during i.v. Nomega-nitro-l-arginine (NO synthase inhibitor) or tempol (superoxide dismutase mimetic).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Spontaneously hypertensive rat displayed a wider operating range of RBF autoregulation as compared with WKY (59 +/- 4 vs. 33 +/- 2 mmHg, respectively; P < 0.01). Perinatal supplementation in SHR decreased mean arterial pressure, renal vascular resistance and the operating range of RBF autoregulation (43 +/- 3 mmHg; P < 0.01). In addition autoregulation efficiency decreased. RBF autoregulation characteristics shifted towards those of normotensive WKY. However, dynamic NO release was still impaired and no clear differences in superoxide dependency in RBF autoregulation between groups was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perinatal supplements shifted RBF autoregulation characteristics of SHR towards WKY, although capacity of the SHRsuppl kidney to modulate NO production to shear stress still seems impaired. The less strictly controlled RBF as observed in perinatally supplemented SHR could result in an improved long-term blood pressure control. This might partly underlie the beneficial effects of perinatal supplementation.
authors: Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: M P
authors: MP
authors: Koeners
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Racasan
authors: H A
authors: HA
authors: Koomans
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Joles
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Braam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine