The association between climatic factors and childhood illnesses presented to hospital emergency among young children.
There has been an increasing concern about the effect of climatic change on human health in recent years. It has been suggested that young children are particularly at risk due to the reduced regulating mechanism against extreme climatic changes. However, few studies on the associations between climatic factors and childhood illness, specifically among young children, have been found in the literature. This epidemiological study utilized data collected on all young patients aged less than 6 years who presented to an emergency department for a period of two years. Information on climate and outdoor air quality variables was obtained from the Bureau of Meteorology. Data were analysed with various ARIMA time series models for each common childhood illness. Results suggested that maximum daily temperature was a significant risk factor for fever (t = 5.29, p < 0.001) with a regression coefficient of 0.37 (SE = 0.07) and gastroenteritis (t = 2.69, p = 0.007) with a regression coefficient of 0.10 (SE = 0.04). The UV index was also found to be significantly but negatively related to gastroenteritis (t = -2.37, p = 0.018). However, none of the climatic variables were associated with respiratory problems after adjusting for other air quality variables and infectious disease.
Lam
Lawrence T
LT
Discipline of Paediatric and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Australia. lawrencl@chw.edu.au
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002980:Climate; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D005334:Fever / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009517:New South Wales / Q000453:epidemiology; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D010126:Ozone / Q000032:analysis; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D011891:Rain; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D013472:Sunlight; D013696:Temperature
D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D010126:Ozone; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide