title: Prophylactic intravesical instillation of epinephrine prevents cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in rats.
abstract: The objective of this study is to investigate the potential protective effects of intravesical instillation of epinephrine in cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. In an earlier study, we have shown that epinephrine promotes hemostasis on established hemorrhagic cystitis induced by cyclophosphamide. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into seven groups as follows: group 1: positive control (150 mg/kg, cyclophosphamide, i.p.), group 2: negative control (10 microg/ml, epinephrine, intravesical), co-administration of cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg, i.p.), group 3: saline (intravesical), groups 4-6: epinephrine (2.5, 5, and 10 mu g/ml, intravesical), and group 7: mesna (50 mg/kg, i.p.). Rats were sacrificed on 3 consecutive days and the urinary bladders were removed, weighed, and evaluated. The vesical vascular permeability was determined by wet bladder weight and Evan's blue dye absorbance. After 24 hours of cyclophosphamide administration, severe hemorrhagic cystitis was induced with marked edema, hemorrhage, and inflammation. In the epinephrine-treated groups, symptoms of hemorrhagic cystitis (such as edema, inflammation, and hemorrhage) were reduced significantly. Intravesical instillation of epinephrine prevents edema, hemorrhage, and inflammation in rats with cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.
authors: Department and Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 155 Li-Nong Street, Section 2, Shih-Pai, Taipei, 11221 Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Yung-Chiong
authors: YC
authors: Chow
authors: Stone
authors: S
authors: Yang
authors: Chun-Jen
authors: CJ
authors: Huang
authors: Chin-Yuan
authors: CY
authors: Tzen
authors: Yu-Hsien
authors: YH
authors: Su
authors: Paulus S
authors: PS
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000818:Animals; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000633:toxicity*; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000633:toxicity*; D003556:Cystitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D004837:Epinephrine