title: Hemorrhagic upper extremity complications from tissue plasminogen activator.
abstract: Five patients, ages 63 to 79, had hemorrhagic complications involving the upper extremity from fibrinolytic therapy using intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for acute myocardial infarction. The hemorrhages varied in severity. Three patients were treated for superficial hematomas, one with a deep subcutaneous hematoma producing skin necrosis, and one compartment syndrome with posterior interosseous nerve palsy and marked intramuscular bleeding. tPA is currently being used in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction and acute nonhemorrhagic stroke. Caution should be used particularly for IV sites, central lines, arterial catheterization, and pneumatic tourniquets, to avoid upper extremity hemorrhage.
authors: St Vincent's Medical Center, Jacksonville, FL 32204, USA. drcrick@bellsouth.net
authors: Kathleen A
authors: KA
authors: Crick
authors: John C
authors: JC
authors: Crick
authors: Michael T
authors: MT
authors: Pulley
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003161:Compartment Syndromes / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000294:innervation; D006406:Hematoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy; D009336:Necrosis; D010243:Paralysis / Q000139:chemically induced; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D034941:Upper Extremity
chemical_list: D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator