title: An ionic liquid as a solvent for headspace single drop microextraction of chlorobenzenes from water samples.
abstract: A headspace single-drop microextraction (HS-SDME) procedure using room temperature ionic liquid and coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography capable of quantifying trace amounts of chlorobenzenes in environmental water samples is proposed. A Plackett-Burman design for screening was carried out in order to determine the significant experimental conditions affecting the HS-SDME process (namely drop volume, aqueous sample volume, stirring speed, ionic strength, extraction time and temperature), and then a central composite design was used to optimize the significant conditions. The optimum experimental conditions found from this statistical evaluation were: a 5 microL microdrop of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, exposed for 37 min to the headspace of a 10 mL aqueous sample placed in a 15 mL vial, stirred at 1580 rpm at room temperature and containing 30% (w/v) NaCl. The calculated calibration curves gave a high level of linearity for all target analytes with correlation coefficients ranging between 0.9981 and 0.9997. The repeatability of the proposed method, expressed as relative standard deviation, varied between 1.6 and 5.1% (n=5). The limits of detection ranged between 0.102 and 0.203 microg L(-1). Matrix effects upon extraction were evaluated by analysing spiked tap and river water as well as effluent water samples originating from a municipal wastewater treatment plant.
authors: Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidad de Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
authors: Lorena
authors: L
authors: Vidal
authors: Elefteria
authors: E
authors: Psillakis
authors: Claudia E
authors: CE
authors: Domini
authors: Nuria
authors: N
authors: Grané
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Marken
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Canals
mesh_terms: D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D002722:Chlorobenzenes / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012997:Solvents; D013030:Spain; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D002722:Chlorobenzenes; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water