title: The prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in preschool-age children in Mashhad, north-East of Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood-onset psychiatric disorders. Although the onset of ADHD is frequently prior to the age of seven years, there is a paucity of data on the prevalence of the disorder in preschool-age children. This study was performed to determine the prevalence rate of ADHD in preschool-age children in kindergartens of Mashhad, North-East of Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand eighty-three (553 males and 530 females) children aged between five and six years, were selected at random from 155 kindergartens in ten districts of Mashhad. The ten-item Conner's Index questionnaire was completed for each child by teachers and parents. Parents of children whose scores were positive for ADHD (>15) were interviewed by a psychiatrist and the ADHD was diagnosed based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria and the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children Present and Lifetime Version.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred thirty-three (12.3%; CI 95%: 10.3 -14.2%) children were diagnosed to have ADHD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of ADHD in preschool-age children in North-East of Iran is consistent with previous studies in other countries. This study recommends the need for diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in preschool-age children.
authors: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ibn-e-Sina Psychiatric Hospital, Mashhad, Iran.
authors: Paria
authors: P
authors: Hebrani
authors: Ebrahim
authors: E
authors: Abdolahian
authors: Fatemeh
authors: F
authors: Behdani
authors: Iraj
authors: I
authors: Vosoogh
authors: Arash
authors: A
authors: Javanbakht
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence