title: [Etiologic investigation of chronic granulomatous inflammation of hand by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the causative pathogens in littoral hand infections which exhibited chronic granulomatous inflammation, the relationship between chronic granulomatous inflammation and mycobacteria and to discuss the prospects of PCR in clinical application for diagnosis of granulomatous inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  With 16S-rDNA as the target sequence, Nest-PCR was used to detect mycobacteria directly from 37 cases of chronic granulomatous inflammations, and identified them by gene sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-four of 37 cases were positive for mycobacteria by Nest-PCR, in which 17 were M.marinum, 1 M.chelonae, 2 M.avium, 2 M.kansasii, and 2 M.tubercular through gene sequencing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nest-PCR combining gene sequencing proved to be a liable and sensitive method to detect Non-tubercular mycobacteria (NTM) in fresh tissue. NTM is the major factor of hand specific chronic infections other than tubercular. Pathological changes are difficult to differentiate TB from NTM and bacterial evidence was necessary.
authors: Department of Hand Surgery, Sixth Hospital, Ningbo 315040, China.
authors: Xue-yuan
authors: XY
authors: Li
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Tan
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Xie
authors: Wei-wen
authors: WW
authors: Zhang
authors: Yun-song
authors: YS
authors: Zhu
authors: De-song
authors: DS
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006099:Granuloma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D019910:Mycobacterium marinum / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S