title: CTLA-4 expressed by chemoresistant, as well as untreated, myeloid leukaemia cells can be targeted with ligands to induce apoptosis.
abstract: We have previously reported that about 80% of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) samples tested at diagnosis constitutively expressed cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4). The present study compared CTLA-4 expression and function of leukaemic cells from AML patients at diagnosis with those from AML patients resistant to conventional chemotherapy. We also explored the possibility of targeting CTLA-4 for apoptosis induction in chemoresistant AML cells. AML cells either from untreated patients (n = 15) or in chemoresistant phase (n = 10) were analysed for CTLA-4 protein and transcript expression by flow cytometry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction respectively. CTLA-4 expression was similar in untreated and in chemoresistant samples and was not associated with patients' clinical features. In chemoresistant AML cells, CTLA-4 transduced an apoptotic signal on engagement with its recombinant ligands r-CD80 and r-CD86, which induced an average of 71% and 62% apoptotic cells, respectively, at highest concentration. Apoptosis was equally induced in untreated leukaemic cells accompanied by cleavage of procaspase-8 and -3. Thus, this study provides the first evidence that killing of leukaemic cells from AML patients may be obtained by the engagement of CTLA-4 with its ligands, opening the way to a novel potential therapeutic approach based on triggering the CTLA-4 molecule to circumvent chemoresistance in AML.
authors: Unit of Translational Research A, National Cancer Research Institute, Genova, Italy.
authors: Stefania
authors: S
authors: Laurent
authors: Giulio L
authors: GL
authors: Palmisano
authors: Alberto M
authors: AM
authors: Martelli
authors: Tomohiro
authors: T
authors: Kato
authors: Pier Luigi
authors: PL
authors: Tazzari
authors: Ivana
authors: I
authors: Pierri
authors: Marino
authors: M
authors: Clavio
authors: Beatrice
authors: B
authors: Dozin
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Balbi
authors: Mauro
authors: M
authors: Megna
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Morabito
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Lamparelli
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Bacigalupo
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Gobbi
authors: Maria Pia
authors: MP
authors: Pistillo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D017209:Apoptosis; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; C497964:CD86 protein, human; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; D008024:Ligands; D020169:Caspases