Incidence and time course of early recovery of pulmonary vein conduction after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.
BACKGROUND
Although it is well recognized that recovery of pulmonary vein (PV) conduction is common among patients who fail atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation, little is known about the precise time course of recurrence.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the incidence and time course of early recurrence of conduction after PV isolation during AF ablation.


METHODS
The patient population was composed of 14 consecutive patients (9 men [64%]; age 56 +/- 7 years) with AF who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation via circumferential ablation with PV isolation, determined by a circular mapping catheter. After successful isolation of the PVs, repeat circular electrode recordings from each PV were obtained at 30 and 60 minutes.


RESULTS
After complete isolation of all PVs, early PV recurrence was observed in 13 (93%) patients and 26 veins (50%). Seventeen veins (33%) showed a first recurrence at 30 minutes, while nine veins (17%) showed a first recurrence at 60 minutes.


CONCLUSIONS
The results reveal an extremely high rate of early recurrence of PV conduction following AF ablation. It is particularly notable that about one-fifth of the veins remained isolated at 30 minutes, but subsequently developed recurrence between 30 and 60 minutes. Of the veins that showed early recurrence, one-third developed a first recurrence at 60 minutes. These findings suggest that AF ablation procedures should incorporate a 60-minute waiting period after initial isolation in order to detect early recurrence of conduction.
Cheema
Aamir
A
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-0409, USA.
Dong
Jun
J
Dalal
Darshan
D
Marine
Joseph E
JE
Henrikson
Charles A
CA
Spragg
David
D
Cheng
Alan
A
Nazarian
Saman
S
Bilchick
Kenneth
K
Sinha
Sunil
S
Scherr
Daniel
D
Almasry
Ibrahim
I
Halperin
Henry
H
Berger
Ronald
R
Calkins
Hugh
H
D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012008:Recurrence; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome