Using a knowledge-and-appraisal model of personality architecture to understand consistency and variability in smokers' self-efficacy appraisals in high-risk situations.
The present research used idiographic methods for identifying intraindividual, cross-contextual patterns of consistency and variability in self-efficacy appraisal among smokers. Building on a knowledge-andappraisal model of personality architecture, the authors assessed (a) schematic self-knowledge, (b) beliefs about the relevance of high-risk smoking-related situations to those schematic attributes, and (c) appraisals of self-efficacy for smoking avoidance in specific contexts. The idiographic assessments of situational and self-knowledge robustly predicted patterns of intraindividual consistency and variability in self-efficacy appraisal. A response-time measure revealed that speed in making positive self-appraisals varied systematically across schema-relevant contexts. Results speak to the field's need for assessment strategies to detect, and theoretical models to explain, within-person, across-context variations in self-efficacy for avoiding addictive behaviors.
Cervone
Daniel
D
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60607-7137, USA. dcervone@uic.edu
Orom
Heather
H
Artistico
Daniele
D
Shadel
William G
WG
Kassel
Jon D
JD
D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010552:Personality Assessment; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D020377:Self Efficacy; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D012932:Social Facilitation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires