title: Differential mutagenic response of Salmonella typhimurium to the plant-metabolized organophosphorus insecticides, phoxim and azinphos methyl.
abstract: The plant cell/microbe coincubation assay was used to analyze organophosphorus insecticide activation. Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 were exposed to several concentrations of the pesticides phoxim and azinphos methyl with and without TX1 cell line of Nicotiana tabacum activation. When the bacterial strains were treated directly with phoxim, mutagenic activity increased significantly. In contrast, no mutagenic activity was detected with plant activation. Azinphos methyl inhibited the growth of Salmonella strains without plant activation. The coincubation with N. tabacum increased mutagenic activity significantly. These findings and those obtained in animals demonstrated that azinphos-methyl was an indirect mutagen or pro-mutagen activated by the plant metabolism.
authors: Laboratorio de Citogenética Ambiental, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510 D.F., México. slga@atmosfera.unam.mx
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: Gómez-Arroyo
authors: Josefina
authors: J
authors: Cortés-Eslava
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Villalobos-Pietrini
authors: María Elena
authors: ME
authors: Calderón-Segura
authors: Ana Rosa
authors: AR
authors: Flores-Márquez
authors: Jesús Javier
authors: JJ
authors: Espinosa-Aguirre
mesh_terms: D001387:Azinphosmethyl / Q000633:toxicity*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009153:Mutagens; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D010940:Plant Proteins; D001387:Azinphosmethyl; C003135:phoxim; D010544:Peroxidases