title: Development of a TLD mailed system for remote dosimetry audit for (192)Ir HDR and PDR sources.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the framework of an ESTRO ESQUIRE project, the BRAPHYQS Physics Network and the EQUAL-ESTRO laboratory have developed a procedure for checking the absorbed dose to water in the vicinity of HDR or PDR sources using a mailed TLD system. The methodology and the materials used in the procedure are based on the existing EQUAL-ESTRO external radiotherapy dose checks.
  
  
  METHODS
  A phantom for TLD postal dose assurance service, adapted to accept catheters from different HDR afterloaders, has been developed. The phantom consists of three PMMA tubes supporting catheters placed at 120 degrees around a central TLD holder. A study on the use of LiF powder type DTL 937 (Philitech) has been performed in order to establish the TLD calibration in dose-to-water at a given distance from (192)Ir source, as well as to determine all correction factors to convert the TLD reading into absorbed dose to water. The dosimetric audit is based on the comparison between the dose to water measured with the TL dosimeter and the dose calculated by the clinical TPS. Results of the audits are classified in four different levels depending on the ratio of the measured dose to the stated dose. The total uncertainty budget in the measurement of the absorbed dose to water using TLD near an (192)Ir HDR source, including TLD reading, correction factors and TLD calibration coefficient, is determined as 3.27% (1s).
  
  
  RESULTS
  To validate the procedures, the external audit was first tested among the members of the BRAPHYQS Network. Since November 2004, the test has been made available for use by all European brachytherapy centres. To date, 11 centres have participated in the checks and the results obtained are very encouraging. Nevertheless, one error detected has shown the usefulness of this audit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A method of absorbed dose to water determination in the vicinity of an (192)Ir brachytherapy source was developed for the purpose of a mailed TL dosimetry system. The accuracy of the procedure was determined. This method allows a check of the whole dosimetry chain for this type of brachytherapy afterloading system and can easily be performed by mail to any institution in the European area and elsewhere. Such an external audit can be an efficient QC method complementary to internal quality control as it can reveal some errors which are not observable by other means.
authors: EQUAL-ESTRO Laboratory, Villejuif, France. info@equal-estro.org
authors: Amélie
authors: A
authors: Roué
authors: Jack L M
authors: JL
authors: Venselaar
authors: Ivaldo H
authors: IH
authors: Ferreira
authors: André
authors: A
authors: Bridier
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Van Dam
mesh_terms: D001918:Brachytherapy; D005060:Europe; D007496:Iridium Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011177:Postal Service; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D013819:Thermoluminescent Dosimetry / Q000295:instrumentation; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D007496:Iridium Radioisotopes; D014867:Water