Immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs), comprising polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and inclusion-body myositis, are characterized by inflammatory cell infiltrates in skeletal muscle tissue, muscle weakness, and muscle fatigue. The cellular infiltrates often consist of T lymphocytes and macrophages but also, in some cases, B lymphocytes. Emerging data have led to improved phenotypic characterization of the inflammatory cells, including their effector molecules, in skeletal muscle, peripheral blood, and other organs that are frequently involved, such as skin and lungs. In this review we summarize the latest findings concerning the role of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and other antigen-presenting cells in the pathophysiology of IIMs.
Grundtman
Cecilia
C
Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. cecilia.grundtman@ki.se
Malmström
Vivianne
V
Lundberg
Ingrid E
IE
D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D009220:Myositis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*