title: Allostasis: a theoretical framework for understanding and evaluating perinatal health outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the theory of allostasis within the context of childbearing women's perceptions or experiences of stress and perinatal health outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Articles published in refereed journals and selected chapters from published books that addressed physiological and psychological effects of perceived or actual stress experiences, or both, including the theory of allostasis, on health outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative, quantitative, and review articles that focused on psychoneurohormonal responses to physical and psychological stress in pregnant and nonpregnant human cohorts and the theory of allostasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The impact of abnormal allostatic states in childbearing women in response to physiological and psychological perceptions or experiences of stress, or both was analyzed. There is a growing body of epidemiologic evidence to support the relationship between maternal stress and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The theory of allostasis provides a framework for understanding and evaluating the complex elements of stress, coping, and adaptation during childbearing on perinatal health outcomes and has the potential to provide new insight into previously unexplained adverse perinatal events.
authors: Department of Family Health Care Nursing, Women's HIV Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA. mshannon8387@yahoo.com
authors: Maureen
authors: M
authors: Shannon
authors: Tekoa L
authors: TL
authors: King
authors: Holly Powell
authors: HP
authors: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D052636:Allostasis; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008427:Maternal Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D033261:Maternal-Fetal Relations; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration; D012107:Research Design; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D016387:Women's Health