title: Circulating leptin levels are not associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in women with diabetes: a prospective cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Leptin, an adipocyte-secreted hormone, plays an important role in regulating neuroendocrine and immune function as well as insulin resistance and metabolism. Our objective was to examine the relationship between leptin levels and cardiovascular morbidity and overall mortality in women with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective cohort study included 1,194 women with a confirmed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, who provided a blood sample at baseline in 1989-1990. Participants were followed for 12 years for the development of health outcomes including cardiovascular disease (CVD) events as well as total mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 218 new CVD events and 228 deaths from all causes. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to estimate the relative risks (RRs) for each quintile level of leptin compared with the lowest quintile. Leptin levels were positively associated with several CVD risk factors including BMI and inflammatory markers, but were not independently associated with the incidence of CVD or total mortality in women with diabetes. The multivariate RRs (95% CIs) for CVD across the quintiles of leptin were 0.96 (0.61-1.53), 0.99 (0.61-1.61), 1.04 (0.63-1.71), 1.02 (0.59-1.75) (p for trend = 0.83).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although circulating leptin levels are associated with obesity and inflammatory markers, they are not significantly related to the risk of CVD or mortality in women with diabetes.
authors: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Brennan
authors: T Y
authors: TY
authors: Li
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Kelesidis
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Gavrila
authors: F B
authors: FB
authors: Hu
authors: C S
authors: CS
authors: Mantzoros
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008019:Life Style; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin