All in the family: the impact of caring for grandchildren on grandparents' health.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of caring for grandchildren on health behaviors and mental and physical health among older adults.


METHODS
Using a sample of 12,872 grandparents aged 50 through 80 from the Health and Retirement Study, we examined the relationship between stability and change in various types of grandchild care and subsequent health, controlling for covariates and earlier health.


RESULTS
We found no evidence to suggest that caring for grandchildren has dramatic and widespread negative effects on grandparents' health and health behavior. We found limited evidence that grandmothers caring for grandchildren in skipped-generation households are more likely to experience negative changes in health behavior, depression, and self-rated health. We also found some evidence of benefits to grandmothers who babysit.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that the health disadvantages found previously among grandparent caregivers arise from grandparents' prior characteristics, not as a consequence of providing care. Health declines as a consequence of grandchild care appear to be the exception rather than the rule. These findings are important given continuing reliance on grandparents for day care and increasing reliance on grandparents for custodial care. However, the findings should be tempered by the recognition that for a minority of grandparents, coresidential grandchild care may compromise health.
Hughes
Mary Elizabeth
ME
Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St. Room E4648, Baltimore, MD 21215, USA. mehughes@jhsph.edu
Waite
Linda J
LJ
LaPierre
Tracey A
TA
Luo
Ye
Y
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D002654:Child Care / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D016901:Intergenerational Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013315:Stress, Psychological