title: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from a lactotripeptide-enriched milk beverage are absorbed intact into the circulation.
abstract: Food products containing angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides reportedly play a role in treatment of mild hypertension. The aim of this placebo-controlled crossover study was to assess the bioavailability of Ile-Pro-Pro and 7 other ACE-inhibiting peptides present in a lactotripeptide (LTP)-enriched yogurt beverage and whether meal intake affects Ile-Pro-Pro bioavailability. Six male and female subjects randomly consumed an LTP-enriched yogurt beverage or a placebo in the fasted state and an LTP-enriched yogurt beverage in the fed or fasted state. The area under the curve (AUC) of Ile-Pro-Pro after the LTP treatment in the fasted state was 2.1-fold of that after the placebo treatment (P < 0.001). The maximum peptide plasma concentration (C(max)) value was greater after consumption of the LTP-enriched beverage (897 +/- 157 pmol/L) than after the placebo treatment (555 +/- 0.09 pmol/L; P < 0.001) with a greater time after ingestion when reaching C(max) (T(max)) in the placebo treatment. Plasma concentrations of the peptides Leu-Trp, Phe-Tyr, Ile-Tyr, and Leu-Pro-Pro increased compared with baseline (P < 0.05) in the LTP-enriched and placebo treatment when consumed in the fasted state. However, DeltaC(max) values differed significantly between the placebo and LTP-enriched treatment only for Leu-Pro-Pro. Meal intake affected Ile-Pro-Pro concentrations. When the beverage was consumed after a meal, the AUC of Ile-Pro-Pro was 1.3-fold (P < 0.05) of the AUC derived from premeal intake. This was due to an increase in the plasma elimination half-life (P < 0.05); C(max) and T(max) were not affected by meal intake. In summary, this is the first demonstration, to our knowledge, that the tripeptide Ile-Pro-Pro selectively escapes from intestinal degradation and reaches the circulation undegraded.
authors: Unilever Food and Health Research Institute, 3133 AR Vlaardingen, The Netherlands. martin.foltz@unilever.com
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Foltz
authors: Evelyne E
authors: EE
authors: Meynen
authors: Veronique
authors: V
authors: Bianco
authors: Chris
authors: C
authors: van Platerink
authors: Thea M M G
authors: TM
authors: Koning
authors: Joris
authors: J
authors: Kloek
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000328:Adult; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000097:blood*; D001628:Beverages; D001682:Biological Availability; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology*; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010455:Peptides / Q000097:blood*; D013997:Time Factors; D015014:Yogurt
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010455:Peptides; C489032:isoleucyl-prolyl-proline