Effect of acute exercise on endothelial progenitor cells in patients with peripheral arterial disease.
To determine whether exercise increases endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in patients with peripheral vascular disease, we developed a multi-parameter flow cytometry assay to rigorously assess EPCs and mature endothelial cells (ECs) in control subjects and patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) subjected to graded exercise. Blood was collected from young healthy subjects (n = 9, mean age 33 years), older healthy subjects (n = 13, mean age 66 years), and older subjects with PAD (n = 15, mean age 69 years) before and 10 minutes after exercise. White blood cells were isolated and stained with a five-color antibody panel: FITC-anti-CD31, PE-anti-CD146, PE-anti-CD133, PerCP-Cy5.5-anti-CD3,-CD19,-CD33, PE-Cy7-anti-CD34, and APC-anti-VEGF-R2. Viability was assessed by propidium iodide exclusion. Viable, low, side scatter singlets that were CD3-, 19-, and 33-negative were counted. While baseline levels of EPCs and ECs were similar among all subjects, young healthy subjects demonstrated significantly greater (p < 0.05) levels of progenitor cells (PCs) than older healthy and PAD subjects. Levels of EPCs and ECs tended to increase in all subjects after exercise; however, increases in PCs were only observed in young healthy and PAD subjects. Further, trends in the magnitude of change of subsets with exercise were most similar between young and PAD subjects. Our findings suggest that aging may reduce baseline circulating levels of PCs, but not EPCs or ECs, and that exercise-induced mobilization of subsets may differ depending on age and presence of PAD.
Shaffer
Rebecca Gusic
RG
Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Resource Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Greene
Sam
S
Arshi
Arash
A
Supple
Greg
G
Bantly
Andrew
A
Moore
Jonni S
JS
Parmacek
Michael S
MS
Mohler
Emile R
ER
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D048430:Cell Shape; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D015444:Exercise; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007383:Intermittent Claudication / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D037102:Lectins / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000097:blood; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000032:analysis
D015703:Antigens, CD; D037102:Lectins; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; C032629:acetyl-LDL; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2