Part per trillion determination of atrazine in natural water samples by a surface plasmon resonance immunosensor.
A new immunoassay for continuously monitoring atrazine in water has been developed. It uses a portable biosensor platform based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology. This immunoassay is based on the binding inhibition format with purified polyclonal antibodies, with the analyte derivative covalently immobilized on a gold sensor surface. An alkanethiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM) was formed on the gold-coated sensor surface in order to obtain a reusable sensing surface. The low detection limit for the optimized assay, calculated as the concentration that produces a 10% decrease in the blank signal, is 20 ng/L. A complete assay cycle, including regeneration, is accomplished in 25 min. Additionally, a study of the matrix effects of different types of wastewater was performed. All measurements were carried out with the SPR sensor system (beta-SPR) commercialised by the company Sensia, S.L. (Spain). The small size and low response time of the beta-SPR platform would allow it to be used in real contaminated locations. The immunosensor was evaluated and validated by measuring the atrazine content of 26 natural samples collected from Ebro River. Solid-phase extraction followed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometric detection (SPE-GC-MS) was used to validate the new immunoassay.
Farré
Marinella
M
Department of Environmental Chemistry, IIQAB-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
Martínez
Elena
E
Ramón
Javier
J
Navarro
Alicia
A
Radjenovic
Jelena
J
Mauriz
Elba
E
Lechuga
Laura
L
Marco
M Pilar
MP
Barceló
Damià
D
D001280:Atrazine / Q000032:analysis*; D002138:Calibration; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007118:Immunoassay; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001280:Atrazine