The chemistry of functionalised N-heterocyclic carbenes.
This tutorial review presents the synthesis, chemistry and applications of functionalised N-heterocyclic carbenes NHC and their transition metal complexes. Functionalised NHC comprise those carrying a phosphino-, amino-, imino- or oxygen-containing functionality on the imidazole sidechain. Main applications have been the modification of catalysts and their immobilisation by fixation on a polymeric support using the functional group. Whereas the functionalisation of the NHC has not improved their performance in catalysis, new developments have occurred in the use of imidazole-containing biomolecules such as L-histidine or caffeine as precursors for NHC.
Kühl
Olaf
O
The Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, USA. okuhl@bama.ua.edu
D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D008697:Methane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D013237:Stereoisomerism
D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C030011:carbene; D008697:Methane