title: [Relationship between phthalates and testicular dysgenesis syndrome].
abstract: Recent epidemiological evidence demonstrates that boys born to women exposed to phthalates during pregnancy have an increased incidence of cryptorchidism, hypospadias, testicular cancer and spermatogenic dysfunction, which are collectively referred to as testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS). TDS may be attributed to the dysfunction of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells during their differentiation after exposure to phthalates in utero. Fox example, Leydig cell functions are significantly affected by phthalates, leading to the decrease of two Leydig cell products--insulin-like growth factor 3 (INSL3) and testosterone, which are critical factors for testis descent. The disorientation of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells in the adult testis may be the cause of spermatogenic dysfunction.
authors: Department of Pathology, 1st Hospital Wenzhou Medical College, Pu Xue Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
authors: Guo-Rong
authors: GR
authors: Chen
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Dong
authors: Ren-Shan
authors: RS
authors: Ge
authors: Matthew P
authors: MP
authors: Hardy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects*; D006059:Gonadal Dysgenesis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000453:epidemiology; D007985:Leydig Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D013577:Syndrome; D013733:Testicular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D013737:Testis / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D010795:Phthalic Acids; C032279:phthalic acid