title: Erectile dysfunction: monitoring response to treatment in clinical practice--recommendations of an international study panel.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinical practice guidelines for management of erectile dysfunction (ED) provide limited direction in defining appropriate treatment goals with phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor therapy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To establish an evidence-based position on treatment goals in ED, including the role of erection hardness, with the potential to improve self-esteem, confidence, and overall sexual and relationship satisfaction.
  
  
  METHODS
  The target of ED therapy is optimization of a rigid erectile response, as assessed by the 4-point Erection Hardness Score (EHS). Methods. An international panel of experts in urology, psychology, and primary care convened to evaluate retrospective data from worldwide phase 2, 3, and 4 clinical trials, involving over 10,000 men with ED, as well as data from recent prospective studies, concerning the role of erection hardness in defining the response to treatment with PDE5 therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant positive correlations were found between EHS and the Quality of Erection Questionnaire and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) erectile function domain score and other IIEF measures. Significant positive correlations were also found between erection hardness and psychosocial measures such as self-esteem, confidence, and relationship satisfaction (assessed by the Self-Esteem And Relationship questionnaire), and satisfaction with medical treatment (assessed by the Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction). A shift in most frequent erection from EHS 3 (hard enough for penetration but not fully hard) at baseline to EHS 4 (completely hard and fully rigid) at the end of treatment was accompanied by significant improvements in intercourse and relationship satisfaction, psychosocial benefits, and satisfaction with ED treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Support is found for monitoring and treating patients with ED to their full erectile potential. Quantitative assessment of erection hardness in clinical practice will lead to improved outcomes in overall sexual experience and optimal treatment satisfaction.
authors: Department of Urology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Department of Urology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA. jpm2005@med.cornell.edu
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Mulhall
authors: Stanley E
authors: SE
authors: Althof
authors: Gerald B
authors: GB
authors: Brock
authors: Irwin
authors: I
authors: Goldstein
authors: Klaus-Peter
authors: KP
authors: Jünemann
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Kirby
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003075:Coitus; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007391:International Cooperation; D008297:Male; D010410:Penile Erection; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D011788:Quality of Life; D012736:Sex Education / Q000379:methods; D013450:Sulfones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014227:Triazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006113:United Kingdom; D000069058:Vardenafil Dihydrochloride; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D013450:Sulfones; D014227:Triazines; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000069058:Vardenafil Dihydrochloride