title: Total dorsal ramus block for the treatment of chronic low back pain: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the use of total dorsal ramus block, which blocks all three major branches (medial, intermediate, and lateral branches) of lumbar dorsal ramus, for chronic low back pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Spread of local anesthetics with radiocontrast dye (total volume of 5 ml per administration) after total dorsal ramus block to the L4-L5 level was evaluated using computed tomography (CT) in patients with chronic low back pain (n=14; mean age, 71 years). In another group of patients, the effects of the total dorsal ramus block (n=21; mean age, 71 years) were compared with those of trigger point injection (n=22; mean age 73 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all cases, the CT findings after total dorsal ramus block revealed the injectant spread over medial, intermediate, and lateral branches of both L3 and L4, those innervate the L4-L5 facet joint and surrounding back muscles. Significant alleviation of rest and motion pains evaluated with visual analogue scale was observed after total dorsal ramus block compared to the trigger point injection up to 7 days after the treatment (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this preliminary study show that the total dorsal ramus block procedure may sufficiently block all three branches of the lumbar dorsal ramus at the targeted level with significant pain reduction.
authors: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan. miyakosh@doc.med.akita-u.ac.jp
authors: Naohisa
authors: N
authors: Miyakoshi
authors: Yoichi
authors: Y
authors: Shimada
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Kasukawa
authors: Hidetomo
authors: H
authors: Saito
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Kodama
authors: Eiji
authors: E
authors: Itoi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008619:Mepivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009209:Myofascial Pain Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D003287:Contrast Media; D008619:Mepivacaine