title: Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of a novel Src kinase inhibitor TG100435 ([7-(2,6-dichloro-phenyl)-5-methyl-benzo[1,2,4]triazin-3-yl]-[4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-phenyl]-amine) and its active N-oxide metabolite TG100855 ([7-(2,6-dichloro-phenyl)-5-methylbenzo[1,2,4]triazin-3-yl]-{4-[2-(1-oxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-phenyl}-amine).
abstract: TG100435 ([7-(2,6-dichloro-phenyl)-5-methyl-benzo[1,2,4]triazin-3-yl]-[4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-phenyl]-amine) is a novel multitargeted, orally active protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor. The inhibition constants (K(i)) of TG100435 against Src, Lyn, Abl, Yes, Lck, and EphB4 range from 13 to 64 nM. TG100435 has systemic clearance values of 20.1, 12.7, and 14.5 ml/min/kg and oral bioavailability of 74%, 23%, and 11% in mouse, rat, and dog, respectively. Four oxidation metabolites of TG100435 have been found in human, dog, and rat in vitro and in vivo. The ethylpyrrolidine N-oxide of TG100435 is the predominant metabolite (TG100855; [7-(2,6-dichloro-phenyl)-5-methyl-benzo[1,2,4]triazin-3-yl]-{4-[2-(1-oxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-phenyl}-amine) in human, dog, and rat. TG100855 is 2 to 9 times more potent than the parent compound. Flavin-containing monooxygenases are the primary enzymes mediating the biotransformation. Significant conversion of TG100435 to TG100855 has been observed in rat and dog after oral administration. Systemic exposure of TG100855 is 1.1- and 2.1-fold greater than that of TG100435 in rat and dog after oral dosing of TG100435. Since TG100435 is predominantly converted to the more potent N-oxide metabolite across species in vivo and in vitro, the overall tyrosine kinase inhibition in animal models may be substantially increased after oral administration of TG100435.
authors: TargeGen, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA. shu@targegen.com
authors: Steven X
authors: SX
authors: Hu
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Soll
authors: Shiyin
authors: S
authors: Yee
authors: Daniel L
authors: DL
authors: Lohse
authors: Ahmed
authors: A
authors: Kousba
authors: Binqi
authors: B
authors: Zeng
authors: Xiyun
authors: X
authors: Yu
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: McPherson
authors: Joel
authors: J
authors: Renick
authors: Jianguo
authors: J
authors: Cao
authors: Arek
authors: A
authors: Tabak
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Hood
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Doukas
authors: Glenn
authors: G
authors: Noronha
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Martin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014227:Triazines / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: C522500:(7-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methylbenzo(1,2,4)triazin-3-yl)-(4-(2-(1-oxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)phenyl)amine; C522499:(7-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methylbenzo(1,2,4)triazin-3-yl)-(4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl)amine; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D014227:Triazines; D019061:src-Family Kinases