title: Study of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes and induced anisotropies under optical and fluid forces.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effect of P. falciparum on erythrocytes has been studied for a long time at the population level but actual studies at the single cell level remain largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to address the host-parasite relationship at the single cell level under two different kinds of forces, an optical force and a fluid force. The questions addressed were about the basic host-parasite interactions, but our findings have larger implications in diverse fields of parasite biology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Erythrocytes were monitored under optical forces (using optical tweezers) and fluid forces (using microfluidic chambers) and dynamical images were captured in real-time video clips. These videos were then split into their respective frames so as to yield temporal information and various parameters pertaining to membrane structure, ionic imbalance and interaction with different forces were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of this study mainly bring to fore the inherent differences between infected and normal cell populations at the single cell level under various external forces. We probed three different criteria folding times, rotation speeds and rolling frequency to show inherent difference in various cell populations and also the dependence of the above to the cycle of the parasite.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study portrays the importance of single cell observations pertaining to the host-parasite relationship. It shows the effect the malarial parasite has on erythrocytes and how the intrinsic property of the infected and its neighbouring uninfected cells change as compared to normal erythrocytes. There are thus implications in the fields of cytoadherence, parasite invasions and host immune evasion.
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, India.
authors: Sunando
authors: S
authors: Roy
authors: Jayashree
authors: J
authors: Dharmadhikari
authors: Aditya
authors: A
authors: Dharmadhikari
authors: Deepak
authors: D
authors: Mathur
authors: Shobhona
authors: S
authors: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016880:Anisotropy; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000502:physiology*; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D052898:Optical Tweezers; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000472:pathogenicity*
chemical_list: D007473:Ion Channels