title: [Neuromuscular imbalances of the lower back in tennis players--the effects of a back exercise program].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tennis players asymmetrically load the trunk while playing. Neuromuscular imbalances are risk factors for low back injuries. The association between neuromuscular activity patterns of the lower back and back exercise has not been researched yet.
  
  
  METHODS
  Simultaneous maximum isometric trunk extension test and surface-electromyographic recordings from lumbar erector spinae in 82 amateur tennis players in a specially built apparatus before and after a seven-week back exercise home program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Left-right neuromuscular imbalances of lumbar erector spinae were present amongst 48 (58.5 %) out of 82 tennis athletes, statistically closely related to handedness. Within the training group (n = 70), neuromuscular imbalances of erector spinae were significantly evened out without a significant increase of maximum trunk extension strength. No such effects were detected within the control group (n = 12).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tennis specific biomechanics seems to predispose to lumbar neuromuscular imbalances. A back exercise program for tennis player can significantly even out those imbalances.
authors: Orthopädische Universitätsklinik Regensburg. tobias.renkawitz@web.de
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Renkawitz
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Boluki
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Linhardt
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Grifka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004576:Electromyography; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008161:Lumbosacral Region / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013715:Tennis / Q000293:injuries / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors