Phytotoxic risk assessment of ambient air pollution on agricultural crops in Selangor State, Malaysia.
The phytotoxic risk of ambient air pollution to local vegetation was assessed in Selangor State, Malaysia. The AOT40 value was calculated by means of the continuously monitored daily maximum concentration and the local diurnal pattern of O3. Together with minor risks associated with the levels of NO2 and SO2, the study found that the monthly AOT40 values in these peri-urban sites were consistently over 1.0 ppm.h, which is well in exceedance of the given European critical level. Linking the O3 level to actual agricultural crop production in Selangor State also indicated that the extent of yield losses could have ranged from 1.6 to 5.0% (by weight) in 2000. Despite a number of uncertainties, the study showed a simple but useful methodological framework for phytotoxic risk assessment with a limited data set, which could contribute to appropriate policy discussion and countermeasures in countries under similar conditions.
Ishii
S
S
Center for Sustainable Urban Regeneration, Department of Urban Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan. ishii@csur.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Bell
J N B
JN
Marshall
F M
FM
D000392:Air Movements; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000254:growth & development*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008296:Malaysia; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000633:toxicity; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical / Q000633:toxicity; D010126:Ozone / Q000633:toxicity; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000633:toxicity
D000393:Air Pollutants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D010126:Ozone; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide