title: A randomized trial comparing local intracervical and combined local and paracervical anesthesia in outpatient hysteroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the amount of pain during and after hysteroscopy using local intracervical and combined local and paracervical anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized trial (Canadian Task Force classification I).
  
  
  METHODS
  University teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-four women who underwent outpatient hysteroscopy for evaluation of the uterine cavity at McGill University Health Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomization to local intracervical or combined local and paracervical anesthesia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Amount of pain experienced during the procedure and at 10, 30, and 60 minutes after the procedure was measured using a visual analog scale ranging from zero to 10 (zero = no pain; 10 = excruciating pain). The mean age of the patients in the local anesthesia group was 36.1 +/- 0.7 years and in the combined local and paracervical anesthesia group was 35.2 +/- 0.7 years. Patients experienced significantly more pain during than after the procedure. The mean pain scores in the local anesthesia group were significantly higher than in the combined anesthesia group during the procedure (3.2 +/- 0.3 vs 2.1 +/- 0.2; p <.01; 95% CI 0-2), 10 minutes after the procedure (1.9 +/- 0.2 vs 1.5 +/- 0.3; p = .03; 95% CI 0-1), and 30 minutes after the procedure (1.7 +/- 0.2 vs 1.0 +/- 0.2; p = .02; 95% CI 0-1). However, there was no significant difference in pain scores at 60 minutes after the procedure between the local anesthesia and combined anesthesia groups (0.9 +/- 0.2 and 0.7 +/- 0.1, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Outpatient hysteroscopy with local or combined local and paracervical anesthesia was well tolerated by patients. However, combined anesthesia was associated with less pain during and at 10 and 30 minutes after the procedure. Most patients considered the pain as mild.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Mohammed
authors: M
authors: Al-Sunaidi
authors: Togas
authors: T
authors: Tulandi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002584:Cervix Uteri; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007267:Injections; D008140:Lorazepam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D008140:Lorazepam; D002045:Bupivacaine