title: Intravenous fish oil blunts the physiological response to endotoxin in healthy subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effects of intravenous fish oil fat emulsion on the metabolic alterations induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in healthy volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups of eight healthy subjects were randomized to receive either two pharmacological doses of intravenous FO fat emulsion or no treatment. The FO group received twice 0.5 g/kg 10% emulsion (Omegaven) 48 and 24h before investigation. LPS (2 ng/kg) was injected as a bolus on the investigation day. Systemic parameters, indirect calorimetry, heart rate variability, and platelet membrane phospholipid composition were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Basal EPA and DHA content in platelet phospholipids was low (0.28% and 2.54%, respectively) and increased significantly after FO to 1.68% and 3.32%. LPS induced reproducible effects in all subjects. Fever was higher in the control [corrected] group than in FO group [corrected] the difference was significant from t (120) until t (360). FO blunted the neuroendocrine response: the rise in plasma norepinephrine was sevenfold lower at t (120) while the ACTH peak was fourfold lower. Tumor necrosis factor alpha was significantly lower between t (360) and t (180) in the FO group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two doses of intravenous FO fat emulsion modified the phospholipid composition of platelets in healthy subjects. FO blunted fever and increased the neuroendocrine and the inflammatory responses to LPS.
authors: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, CHUV, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Thomas-Thi
authors: TT
authors: Pluess
authors: Division of Hypertension and Vascular Medicine, CHUV, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Hayoz
authors: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, CHUV, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Mette M
authors: MM
authors: Berger
authors: Institute of Human Physiology, University of Lausanne, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Luc
authors: L
authors: Tappy
authors: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, CHUV, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Jean-Pierre
authors: JP
authors: Revelly
authors: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, CHUV, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Burkhard
authors: B
authors: Michaeli
authors: Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
authors: Yvon A
authors: YA
authors: Carpentier
authors: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, CHUV, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland. rene.chiolero@chuv.ch.
authors: René L
authors: RL
authors: Chioléro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017704:Baroreflex / Q000187:drug effects*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D004731:Endotoxins; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D005395:Fish Oils; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides