title: Immune activation and inflammatory system in chronic heart failure: novel pathophysiological hypotheses generate new therapeutic options.
authors: Massimo F
authors: MF
authors: Piepoli
mesh_terms: D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology