title: Erythropoietin/erythropoietin-receptor system is involved in angiogenesis in human hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To correlate microvascular density and erythropoietin (Epo)/Epo-receptor (EpoR) expression in endothelial and tumour cells with histopathological type in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Specimens of primary HCC obtained from 50 patients who had undergone curative hepatectomy were investigated immunohistochemically by using anti-CD31, anti-Epo and anti-EpoR antibodies. Poorly differentiated HCC had a higher degree of vascularization than other stages and Epo/EpoR expression in both tumour and endothelial cells increased in parallel with grade of malignancy and was highly correlated with the extent of angiogenesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epo/EpoR levels correlate with angiogenesis and progression of patients with HCC and these findings suggest the presence of a loop in the Epo/EpoR system, i.e. Epo is secreted by hepatic tumour cells and it affects vascular endothelial cells via its receptors and promotes angiogenesis in a paracrine manner. It is thus suggested that Epo is an important factor in hepatic tumour angiogenesis. Understanding the mechanisms of HCC angiogenesis provides a basis for a rational approach to the development of antiangiogenic therapy in patients with hepatic cancer.
authors: Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy. ribatti@anatomia.uniba.it
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Ribatti
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Marzullo
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Gentile
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Longo
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Nico
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Vacca
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Dammacco
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D017467:Receptors, Erythropoietin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017467:Receptors, Erythropoietin; D004921:Erythropoietin