title: Using DNA microarrays to study gene expression in closely related species.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Comparisons of gene expression levels within and between species have become a central tool in the study of the genetic basis for phenotypic variation, as well as in the study of the evolution of gene regulation. DNA microarrays are a key technology that enables these studies. Currently, however, microarrays are only available for a small number of species. Thus, in order to study gene expression levels in species for which microarrays are not available, researchers face three sets of choices: (i) use a microarray designed for another species, but only compare gene expression levels within species, (ii) construct a new microarray for every species whose gene expression profiles will be compared or (iii) build a multi-species microarray with probes from each species of interest. Here, we use data collected using a multi-primate cDNA array to evaluate the reliability of each approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We find that, for inter-species comparisons, estimates of expression differences based on multi-species microarrays are more accurate than those based on multiple species-specific arrays. We also demonstrate that within-species expression differences can be estimated using a microarray for a closely related species, without discernible loss of information.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
authors: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Vic 3050, Australia. oshlack@wehi.edu.au
authors: Alicia
authors: A
authors: Oshlack
authors: Adrien E
authors: AE
authors: Chabot
authors: Gordon K
authors: GK
authors: Smyth
authors: Yoav
authors: Y
authors: Gilad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011323:Primates / Q000235:genetics*; D018075:RNA, Complementary; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D018075:RNA, Complementary