title: Estimation of the embryotoxic effect of CBZ using an ES cell differentiation system.
abstract: Carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the most commonly prescribed antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). However, a higher rate of congenital anomalies has been found in infants of mothers treated with CBZ during early pregnancy. Here, we characterize the effects of CBZ using a mouse ES cell differentiation system. The analysis of tissue-specific gene markers showed that CBZ induced early endodermal and mesodermal differentiation but inhibited differentiation of later stages. CBZ also induced ectodermal development, and there was evidence of neural differentiation as ES cells with an immature neuronal phenotype were observed. In contrast, valproic acid (VPA), another anticonvulsant drug, was previously shown to be able to induce ES cells to differentiate into neurons with a mature appearance. CBZ was less cytotoxic to ES cells than VPA. The in vitro ES cell assay system has the potential to provide a rapid and accurate approach for estimating the in vivo embryotoxicity of therapeutic drugs.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Oukura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
authors: Mayu
authors: M
authors: Murabe
authors: Junji
authors: J
authors: Yamauchi
authors: Yoko
authors: Y
authors: Fujiwara
authors: Yuki
authors: Y
authors: Miyamoto
authors: Masami
authors: M
authors: Hiroyama
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Sanbe
authors: Akito
authors: A
authors: Tanoue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000633:toxicity*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D051379:Mice; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D002220:Carbamazepine; D014635:Valproic Acid