Hindsight bias among psychiatrists.
It is crucial to minimize bias when offering forensic opinions; however, to our knowledge there are few, if any, existing data examining whether psychiatrists are susceptible to one source of such bias, hindsight bias. In the current study, 235 general and forensic psychiatrists reviewed hypothetical cases in which patients with suicidal or homicidal ideation presented for psychiatric care. We informed half of the participants that a suicide or homicide had occurred shortly after the patients were released from care (hindsight group) but withheld outcome information from the other participants (control group). Participants estimated the likelihood that suicide or violence would occur at the time of the patient's release and whether the standard of care had been met in each case. Responses were compared between groups for suggestions of hindsight bias. Results indicate that hindsight bias plays a role in assessments of risk, but not of negligence, and that psychiatrists who are American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law (AAPL) members may be less prone to respond with hindsight bias than are others.
LeBourgeois
H W
HW
Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1440 Canal Street, TB-53, 10th Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. hlebour@tulane.edu
Pinals
Debra A
DA
Williams
Valerie
V
Appelbaum
Paul S
PS
D000328:Adult; D003617:Dangerous Behavior; D005104:Expert Testimony / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D005260:Female; D005555:Forensic Psychiatry; D006708:Homicide / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D011939:Mental Recall; D009935:Organizational Affiliation; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D011287:Prejudice; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013405:Suicide / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology; D014481:United States; D014754:Violence / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology