title: Arylamine N-acetyltransferase I.
abstract: Arylamine N-acetyltransferase I (NAT1) is a phase II enzyme that acetylates a wide range of arylamine and hydrazine substrates. The NAT1 gene is located on chromosome 8 and shares homology to NAT genes found in most mammalian species. Gene expression occurs from at least two promoters and a number of tissue-specific transcripts have been identified. The gene is polymorphic with most mutations identified to date producing an unstable protein that is subject to polyubiquitination. The NAT1 protein contains a catalytic triad similar to a number of cysteine proteases and transglutaminases. NAT1 is widely distributed in the body, but the only endogenous substrate identified to date is the folate catabolite p-aminobenzoylglutamate. Recent links between NAT1 genotypes and susceptibility to spina bifida suggests that the enzyme has an important role in folate homeostasis.
authors: School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia. r.minchin@uq.edu.au
authors: Rodney F
authors: RF
authors: Minchin
authors: Patrick E
authors: PE
authors: Hanna
authors: Jean-Marie
authors: JM
authors: Dupret
authors: Carston R
authors: CR
authors: Wagner
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Rodrigues-Lima
authors: Neville J
authors: NJ
authors: Butcher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002384:Catalysis; D004194:Disease; D015894:Genome, Human; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; C089384:N-acetyltransferase 1