Rifabutin-induced hypopyon uveitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome infected with Mycobacterium avium complex.
Rifabutin is a semi-synthetic antimycobacterial agent mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. Uveitis as a side effect of rifabutin has been recognized and established since 1994, but there was no case previously described in Taiwan so far. We report 2 cases of rifabutin-induced hypopyon uveitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus and MAC infection. Both patients received the regimen of clarithromycin and rifabutin to treat MAC infection. Uveitis resolved after discontinuing of rifabutin and treatment with topical corticosteroid and mydriatics. Early recognition of this entity can prevent invasive ocular procedures and treatments. Doctors who prescribe rifabutin should be aware of this ocular complication of uveitis and drug-drug interactions. Ophthalmologists should put this on the list of differential diagnoses for uveitis.
Wang
Hsin-Hui
HH
Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Chung
Yu-Mei
YM
Lin
Ying-Cheng
YC
Hu
Hsing-Chuan
HC
Wong
Wing-Wai
WW
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000328:Adult; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015270:Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017828:Rifabutin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014605:Uveitis / Q000139:chemically induced*
D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D017828:Rifabutin