title: PrpJ, a PP2C-type protein phosphatase located on the plasma membrane, is involved in heterocyst maturation in the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120.
abstract: Protein phosphatases play important roles in the regulation of cell growth, division and differentiation. The cyanobacterium Anabaena PCC 7120 is able to differentiate heterocysts specialized in nitrogen fixation. To protect the nitrogenase from inactivation by oxygen, heterocyst envelope possesses a layer of polysaccharide and a layer of glycolipids. In the present study, we characterized All1731 (PrpJ), a protein phosphatase from Anabaena PCC 7120. prpJ was constitutively expressed in both vegetative cells and heterocysts. Under diazotrophic conditions, the mutant DeltaprpJ (S20) did not grow, lacked only one of the two heterocyst glycolipids, and fragmented extensively at the junctions between developing cells and vegetative cells. No heterocyst glycolipid layer could be observed in the mutant by electron microscopy. The inactivation of prpJ affected the expression of hglE(A) and nifH, two genes necessary for the formation of the glycolipid layer of heterocysts and the nitrogenase respectively. PrpJ displayed a phosphatase activity characteristic of PP2C-type protein phosphatases, and was localized on the plasma membrane. The function of prpJ establishes a new control point for heterocyst maturation because it regulates the synthesis of only one of the two heterocyst glycolipids while all other genes so far analysed regulate the synthesis of both heterocyst glycolipids.
authors: Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, CNRS-UPR9043, Institut de Biologie Structurale et Microbiologie, 31 chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille cedex 20, France.
authors: Jichan
authors: J
authors: Jang
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Jeanjean
authors: Cheng-Cai
authors: CC
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D017033:Anabaena / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D002364:Caseins / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation / Q000502:physiology; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071636:Protein Phosphatase 2C; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021381:Protein Transport; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000201:enzymology; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002364:Caseins; D006017:Glycolipids; D050505:Mutant Proteins; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D000071636:Protein Phosphatase 2C