title: Restoration of non-carious cervical lesions Part II. Restorative material selection to minimise fracture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is still largely unknown as to what material parameter requirements would be most suitable to minimise the fracture and maximising the retention rate of the restoration of cervical non-carious lesions (NCCL). The present paper, as a first of its kind, proposes a radical approach to address the problems of material improvement, namely: numerical-based, fracture and damage mechanics materials optimisation engineering. It investigates the influence of the elastic modulus (E) on the failure of cervical restorative materials and aims to identify an E value that will minimise mechanical failure under clinically realistic loading conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present work relies on the principle that a more flexible restorative material would partially buffer the local stress concentration. We employ a "most favourable" parametric analysis of the restorative's elastic modulus using a fracture mechanics model embedded into finite element method. The advanced numerical modelling adopts a Rankine and rotating crack material fracture model coupled to a non-linear analysis in an explicit finite element framework.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The present study shows that the restorative materials currently used in non-carious cervical lesions are largely unsuitable in terms of resistance to fracture of the restoration and we suggest that the elastic modulus of such a material should be in the range of 1GPa. We anticipate that the presented methodology would provide more informative guidelines for the development of dental restorative materials, which could be tailored to specific clinical applications cognisant of the underlying mechanical environment.
authors: Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9001, New Zealand. ionut.ichim@stonebow.otago.ac.nz
authors: I P
authors: IP
authors: Ichim
authors: P R
authors: PR
authors: Schmidlin
authors: Q
authors: Q
authors: Li
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Kieser
authors: M V
authors: MV
authors: Swain
mesh_terms: D001641:Bicuspid; D003188:Composite Resins; D003387:Cracked Tooth Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D003764:Dental Materials; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D004548:Elasticity; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D003765:Models, Dental; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D018583:Pliability; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014072:Tooth Abrasion / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D019237:Tooth Cervix / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements