In vitro effects of endodontic irrigants on endotoxins in root canals.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of endodontic irrigants on endotoxins in root canals.


METHODS
Ninety-eight single-root human teeth were used. Escherichia coli endotoxin was inoculated into 84 root canals. All root canals were enlarged and assigned to 7 groups (n = 14), according to solution used. Group 1 (G1): 2.5% NaOCl; G2: 5.25% NaOCl; G3: 2% chlorhexidine; G4: 0.14% calcium hydroxide; G5: polymyxin B; G6: positive control, saline solution; G7: negative control (no endotoxin). Two samplings of root canal were accomplished: immediate and after 7 days. Detoxification of endotoxin was evaluated by Limulus assay and antibody production in B-lymphocyte culture. Results were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn and ANOVA/Tukey.


RESULTS
At the immediate and second samplings, groups G4, G5, and G7 presented the best results, significantly different from groups G1, G2, G3, and G6 (P < .05).


CONCLUSIONS
Calcium hydroxide and polymyxin B detoxified endotoxin in root canals and altered properties of LPS to stimulate the antibody production by B-lymphocytes. Sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine did not detoxify endotoxin.
de Oliveira
Luciane Dias
LD
Department of Oral Biosciences and Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Paulista State University-UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil. luciane@fosjc.unesp.br <luciane@fosjc.unesp.br>
Jorge
Antonio Olavo Cardoso
AO
Carvalho
Cláudio Antonio Talge
CA
Koga-Ito
Cristiane Yumi
CY
Valera
Marcia Carneiro
MC
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D004926:Escherichia coli; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000032:analysis*; D051379:Mice; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
D004731:Endotoxins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants