Genetic diversity of porcine sapoviruses.
Sapoviruses (SaVs) within the Caliciviridae family are an important cause of gastroenteritis in both humans and animals. Although the widespread occurrence of divergent human SaV strains has been reported, there have only been a few studies of porcine SaVs examining their genetic diversity. The aim of this study was to assess the genetic diversity of porcine SaVs in piglets with diarrhea in South Korea. Two hundred and thirty-seven fecal specimens from piglets with diarrhea were examined from 78 farms over a 2-year period from six provinces in South Korea. Overall, 69 (29.1%) of the samples from five provinces tested positive for porcine SaVs by either RT-PCR or nested PCR with the primer pairs specific to porcine SaVs. An analysis of the partial capsid gene (757bp) of 12 porcine SaVs detected from fecal samples showed genetic divergence, not only among the Korean porcine SaVs (67.7-99.1%), but also between Korean and American porcine SaVs (69.1-90.2%). Interestingly, one strain (Po/SaV/JN-MA113/05/Korea), formed a second porcine SaV/GIII genotype, and is tentatively called GIII/2. This strain had a 0.236-0.405 inter-cluster distance with the other strains in the same genogroup, which is comparable to the distances between the established GI and GII SaVs. Furthermore, two potential recombinant porcine SaVs were identified. In conclusion, porcine SaV infections are common in diarrheic piglets in South Korea. The infecting strains are genetically diverse, and include a newly recognized genotype and recombinant viruses within genogroup III.
Jeong
Cheol
C
Bio-therapy Human Resources Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.
Park
Sang-Ik
SI
Park
Sung-Hee
SH
Kim
Ha-Hyun
HH
Park
Su-Jin
SJ
Jeong
Jae-Ho
JH
Choy
Hyon E
HE
Saif
Linda J
LJ
Kim
Sang-Ki
SK
Kang
Mun-Il
MI
Hyun
Bang-Hun
BH
Cho
Kyoung-Oh
KO
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001483:Base Sequence; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D002213:Capsid / Q000737:chemistry; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D015995:Prevalence; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D029341:Sapovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*
D012367:RNA, Viral