On-pump beating-heart coronary artery bypass: a propensity matched analysis.
BACKGROUND
It remains unclear how cardioplegic arrest affects surgical results after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). This study compares early outcomes after on-pump beating-heart CABG and conventional CABG.


METHODS
From 2002 to 2005, 114 patients underwent on-pump beating-heart CABG. Multivariate logistic regression revealed five characteristics according to which technique is liable to be used: history of cerebral infarction, urgent or emergent operation, lower ejection fraction, preoperative creatine kinase, and lower number of diseased vessels. The early clinical outcome for these patients was compared against 114 conventional CABG patients, matched using a propensity score constructed with these five significant variables and with two nonsignificant variables: history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension.


RESULTS
On-pump beating-heart CABG significantly reduced the duration of operation and cardiopulmonary bypass, total blood loss, and peak creatine kinase (p < 0.05). The number of patients requiring additional intra-aortic balloon pump support was significantly lower in the on-pump beating-heart CABG group (2 versus 13, p < 0.01). No patients required percutaneous cardiopulmonary support after on-pump beating-heart CABG, whereas 4 patients needed it after conventional CABG. Complete revascularization was significantly lower (42.1% versus 77.2%, p < 0.0001), but in-hospital mortality was less in the on-pump beating-heart CABG group (2.6% versus 9.6%, p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in morbidity including stroke, renal failure, mediastinitis, and prolonged ventilation.


CONCLUSIONS
On-pump beating-heart CABG can be performed safely, including on high-risk patients. Use of cardiopulmonary bypass and the elimination of cardioplegic arrest may be of most benefit to hemodynamically unstable patients.
Mizutani
Shinichi
S
Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Aichi Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Ichinomiya, Aichi, Japan. smizutan@cf7.so-net.ne.jp
Matsuura
Akio
A
Miyahara
Ken
K
Eda
Tadahito
T
Kawamura
Akemi
A
Yoshioka
Teruaki
T
Yoshida
Katsuhiko
K
D000368:Aged; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011336:Probability; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome