title: Effect of wine phenolics on cytokine-induced C-reactive protein expression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Elevation of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in blood was recognized as one of the cardiac disease risk factors. Consumption of wine is shown to reduce the risk from heart disease and improve longevity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In the present study, we evaluated the effect of various wine polyphenolic compounds and several active synthetic derivatives of resveratrol on the inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta + IL-6)-induced CRP expression in Hep3B cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the wine phenolics tested, quercetin and resveratrol, in a dose-dependent manner, suppressed cytokine-induced CRP expression. Two of the synthetic derivatives of resveratrol, R3 and 7b, elicited a fiftyfold higher suppressive effect compared with resveratrol. The inhibitory effects of resveratrol and its derivatives on CRP expression were at the level of mRNA production. Investigation of signaling pathways showed that the cytokines induced the phosphorylation of p38 and p44/42 MAP kinases. Inhibitors of p38 and p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation inhibited CRP expression, implicating the involvement of both pathways in cytokine-induced CRP expression. These data revealed a previously unrecognized role of the p44/42 MAPK signaling pathway in CRP expression. Wine polyphenolics or the synthetic compounds of resveratrol did not affect cytokine-activated phosphorylation of these MAPKs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wine phenolics inhibit CRP expression; however, to do so, they do not utilize the MAPK pathways.
authors: Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75703, USA.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Kaur
authors: L V M
authors: LV
authors: Rao
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Agrawal
authors: U R
authors: UR
authors: Pendurthi
mesh_terms: D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D010636:Phenols; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013267:Stilbenes; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D011794:Quercetin; D000077185:Resveratrol