title: Off-pump CABG in diabetic patients: does insulin dependency matter?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We aimed to analyze influence of insulin dependency on short-term outcomes after OPCAB in patients with diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study was planned based on chart review. Study population consisted of 148 diabetic cases (63 insulin-dependent diabetics in group I and 85 non-insulin-dependent diabetics in group II). Patients' preoperative data and risk factors for adverse outcomes are analysed. The primary endpoint was all causes of mortality during the in-hospital course. Preestablished secondary endpoints included all major postoperative complications, including non-fatal acute myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, sepsis, shock, mediastinitis, respiratory insufficiency, and renal insufficiency, and minor postoperative complications, including mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours, inotropic support, reoperation for bleeding, and necessity of blood transfusion. Additional analysis was performed on the duration of stay in the intensive care unit and overall hospital stay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group I patients were significantly more likely to have hypertension (87.3% versus 82.5%, p=0.023), they also had a trend toward higher prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (71.4% versus 68.6%, p=0.092) and body mass index (28.1+/-4.2 versus 26.9+/-3.7, p=0.085). Angiographic characteristics and number of distal anastomosis were similar in the two groups. There was no significant difference in mortality during the in-hospital course as the primary endpoint. However, analysis in secondary endpoints revealed that group I patients were significantly more likely to have stroke (3.1% versus 2.3%, p=0.027), sternal wound infection (4.7% versus 3.4%, p=0.036) and atrial arrhythmia (28.3% versus 20.9%, p=0.021). Moreover, group I patients were significantly more likely to stay longer than 2 days in ICU (14.2% versus 11.6%, p=0.038). Higher prevalence of renal dysfunction was also observed in group I patients (7.9% versus 6.9%, p=0.069).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Similar to insulin dependent diabetes who had on-pump CABG, insulin dependent diabetes develop higher rate of major postoperative complications and stay longer in ICU after off-pump CABG.
authors: Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Central Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. fnurozler@yahoo.com
authors: Feza
authors: F
authors: Nurozler
authors: Tolga
authors: T
authors: Kutlu
authors: Güngör
authors: G
authors: Küçük
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology