title: Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is multi-ubiquitinated at the cell surface.
abstract: The human ENaC (epithelial sodium channel), a complex of three subunits, provides the rate-limiting step for sodium uptake in the distal nephron, and therefore plays a key role in salt homoeostasis and in regulating blood pressure. The number of active sodium channel complexes present at the plasma membrane appears to be tightly controlled. In Liddle's syndrome, a form of hypertension caused by an increase in the number of active sodium channels at the cell membrane, the betaENaC or gammaENaC subunit gene contains a mutation that disrupts the binding site for the Nedd4 (neuronal precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated gene 4) family of ubiquitin-protein ligases. Therefore ubiquitination of channel subunits may be involved in altering cell surface ENaC. Here, we provide evidence that the ENaC subunits located at the cell surface are modified with multiple mono-ubiquitins (multi-ubiquitination) and that Nedd4-2 modulates this ubiquitination. We confirm that ENaC is associated with the mu2 subunit of the AP-2 (adaptor protein 2) clathrin adaptor. Since mono- or multi-ubiquitination of other membrane proteins is a signal for their internalization by clathrin-mediated endocytosis and subsequent trafficking, our results support a model whereby ubiquitin and clathrin adaptor binding sites act in concert to remove ENaC from the cell surface.
authors: Department of Physiology, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
authors: Dominik
authors: D
authors: Wiemuth
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Ke
authors: Meino
authors: M
authors: Rohlfs
authors: Fiona J
authors: FJ
authors: McDonald
mesh_terms: D033962:Adaptor Protein Complex 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002458:Cell Fractionation; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000502:physiology; D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D053503:Epithelial Sodium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D000075702:Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D033962:Adaptor Protein Complex 2; D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D053503:Epithelial Sodium Channels; D021122:Protein Subunits; C507048:SCNN1B protein, human; D025801:Ubiquitin; D012964:Sodium; D000075702:Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases; C000618483:Nedd4 protein, human; C000618485:Nedd4L protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D008239:Lysine