title: Primary hepatocytes: current understanding of the regulation of metabolic enzymes and transporter proteins, and pharmaceutical practice for the use of hepatocytes in metabolism, enzyme induction, transporter, clearance, and hepatotoxicity studies.
abstract: This review brings you up-to-date with the hepatocyte research on: 1) in vitro-in vivo correlations of metabolism and clearance; 2) CYP enzyme induction, regulation, and cross-talk using human hepatocytes and hepatocyte-like cell lines; 3) the function and regulation of hepatic transporters and models used to elucidate their role in drug clearance; 4) mechanisms and examples of idiosyncratic and intrinsic hepatotoxicity; and 5) alternative cell systems to primary human hepatocytes. We also report pharmaceutical perspectives of these topics and compare methods and interpretations for the drug development process.
authors: Scientific Writing Services, Wingertstrasse, Erzhausen, Germany. nickyhewittltd@yahoo.co.uk
authors: Nicola J
authors: NJ
authors: Hewitt
authors: María José Gómez
authors: MJ
authors: Lechón
authors: J Brian
authors: JB
authors: Houston
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Hallifax
authors: Hayley S
authors: HS
authors: Brown
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Maurel
authors: J Gerald
authors: JG
authors: Kenna
authors: Lena
authors: L
authors: Gustavsson
authors: Christina
authors: C
authors: Lohmann
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Skonberg
authors: Andre
authors: A
authors: Guillouzo
authors: Gregor
authors: G
authors: Tuschl
authors: Albert P
authors: AP
authors: Li
authors: Edward
authors: E
authors: LeCluyse
authors: Geny M M
authors: GM
authors: Groothuis
authors: Jan G
authors: JG
authors: Hengstler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism*; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008954:Models, Biological; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D015262:Xenobiotics; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System