title: Effect of EDTA with and without surfactants or ultrasonics on removal of smear layer.
abstract: This study compared the in vitro efficacy of Smear Clear (Sybron Endo, CA), a 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution with surfactants, to 17% EDTA, with and without the use of ultrasonics, in removal of the smear layer. Seventy-five extracted teeth, randomly distributed into 5 test groups, were prepared by using ProFile rotary instruments (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and subjected to different final irrigating regimes; group A, 1% sodium hypochlorite; group B, 17% EDTA; group C, 17% EDTA with ultrasonics; group D, Smear Clear; and group E, Smear Clear with ultrasonics. Samples were examined under the scanning electron microscope and scored for debris and smear layer removal. Statistical analysis showed that groups D and E did not perform significantly better than groups B and C. Group C performed significantly better than group B. Addition of surfactants to EDTA in Smear Clear did not result in better smear layer removal. The use of ultrasonics with 17% EDTA improved smear layer removal.
authors: Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre, 5 Second Hospital Avenue, Singapore 168938, Republic of Singapore. lui.jeen.nee@ndc.com.sg
authors: Jeen-Nee
authors: JN
authors: Lui
authors: Hong-Guan
authors: HG
authors: Kuah
authors: Nah-Nah
authors: NN
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D016369:Smear Layer; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; C521331:Smear Clear; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D004492:Edetic Acid; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite