[Hepatitis C in health care professionals: prevalence and association with risk factors].
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection among health care professionals.


METHODS
The study was carried out at a university hospital in the municipality of São José do Rio Preto, Southeastern Brazil, between January 1994 and December 1999. There were included 1,433 health care professionals, 872 administrative workers, and 2,583 blood donor candidates. Data were collected during admission examinations, periodic screenings, and after occupational accidents. Occupational and non-occupational information was obtained by means of a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests and logistic regression analysis.


RESULTS
Prevalence of hepatitis C infection among health care professionals (1.7%) was significantly higher than among administrative workers (0.5%; p=0.007) and blood donor candidates (0.2%; p=0.001). Regarding occupational factors, time in the job was significantly longer (p=0.016) among health care professionals with positive serology than among those with negative serology. Multiple regression analysis showed a 50% increase in risk for every five years of age. There was a significant association between blood transfusion and positive serology among health care workers.


CONCLUSIONS
Health care professionals show greater prevalence of hepatitis C than administrative workers and blood donation candidates. Among those with positive serology, occupational and non-occupational factors of greatest risk were age, time in the job, and blood transfusion.
Ciorlia
Luiz Alberto de Souza
LA
Serviço de Medicina Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Rua Santo Agostinho 281, 15025-220 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. ciorlampo@yahoo.com.br
Zanetta
Dirce Maria Trevisan
DM
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010564:Personnel, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors