title: High frequency ultrasound imaging of the growth and development of the normal chick embryo.
abstract: The purpose of this study is to delineate with high frequency ultrasound imaging the normal growth and development of the chick embryo throughout its incubation period. White Leghorn chick embryos were imaged through an opening in the egg air cell from incubation day 0-19 (Hamburger & Hamilton stage 1-45) using a 13 MHz clinical high frequency linear small parts transducer. Multiple anatomic growth parameters were measured. Normal growth was confirmed with Hamburger and Hamilton staging. A timeline was constructed showing when each anatomic growth parameter could be visualized. Means and standard deviations of each parameter were plotted against incubation days studied to create nomograms and numerical tables of normal growth and development of the chick embryo. With this set of data, abnormal growth and development of the chick embryo can now be assessed.
authors: Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. maschellpfeffer@gmail.com
authors: Michael A
authors: MA
authors: Schellpfeffer
authors: David L
authors: DL
authors: Bolender
authors: Gary L
authors: GL
authors: Kolesari
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D000818:Animals; D001502:Beak / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D002642:Chick Embryo / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000254:growth & development; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D023421:Models, Animal; D009899:Optic Lobe, Nonmammalian / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D009915:Orbit / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D014463:Ultrasonography