title: Phytosterols and anabolic agents versus designer drugs.
abstract: Cholesterol is a well-known component in fats of animal origin and it also is the precursor of natural hormones. Phytosterols appear in plants and only differ slightly in structure from cholesterol. An important difference however is the low absorption in the gut of phytosterols and their saturated derivatives, the phytostanols. As a result, there is time for all kind of reactions in faecal material inside and outside of the gut. Determination of the abuse of natural hormones may be based on gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS). Abuse of natural hormones changes the 13C/12C ratio of some metabolites during a relatively long time. The formation of (natural) hormones in the gut may interfere with this method. Designer drugs are mainly known from sports doping. In animal fattening, designer drugs may be used as well. Small changes in the structure of (natural) hormones may lead to a new group of substances asking for new strategies for their detection and the constatation of their abuse.
authors: Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research group of Veterinary Public Health and Zoonoses, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. Hubert.DeBrabander@UGent.be
authors: H F
authors: HF
authors: De Brabander
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Verheyden
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Mortier
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Le Bizec
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Verbeke
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Courtheyn
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Noppe
mesh_terms: D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis; D015198:Designer Drugs / Q000032:analysis*; D004300:Doping in Sports; D005260:Female; D006177:Gynecomastia / Q000139:chemically induced; D006728:Hormones / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D014730:Veterinary Medicine / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents; D015198:Designer Drugs; D006728:Hormones; D010840:Phytosterols; D013739:Testosterone; C013915:boldenone; D002784:Cholesterol