On the use of electrokinetic phenomena of the second kind for probing electrode kinetic properties of modified electron-conducting surfaces.
The electrokinetic features of electron-conducting substrates, as measured in a conventional thin-layer electrokinetic cell, strongly depend on the extent of bipolar faradaic depolarisation of the interface formed with the adjacent electrolytic solution. Streaming potential versus applied pressure data obtained for metallic substrates must generally be interpreted on the basis of a modified Helmholtz-Smoluchowski equation corrected by an electronic conduction term-non linear with respect to the lateral potential and applied pressure gradient-that stems from the bipolar electrodic behavior of the metallic surface. In the current study, streaming potential measurements have been performed in KNO(3) solutions on porous plugs made of electron-conducting grains of pyrite (FeS(2)) covered by humic acids. For zero coverage, the extensive bipolar electronic conduction taking place in the plug-depolarized by concomitant and spatially distributed oxidation and reduction reactions of Fe(2+) and Fe(3+) species-leads to the complete extinction of the streaming potential over the entire range of applied pressure examined. For low to intermediate coverage, the local electron-transfer kinetics on the covered regions of the plug becomes more sluggish. The overall bipolar electronic conduction is then diminished which leads to an increase in the streaming potential with a non-linear dependence on the pressure. For significant coverage, a linear response is observed which basically reflects the interfacial double layer properties of the humics surface layer. A tractable, semi-analytical model is presented that reproduces the electrokinetic peculiarities of the complex and composite system FeS(2)/humics investigated. The study demonstrates that the streaming potential technique is a fast and valuable tool for establishing how well the electron transfer kinetics at a partially or completely depolarised bare electron-conducting substrate/electrolyte solution interface is either promoted (catalysis) or blocked (passivation) by the presence of a discontinuous surface layer.
Duval
Jérôme F L
JF
Laboratory Environment and Mineral Processing, Nancy-University, CNRS, 15 avenue du Charmois, B.P. 40, 54501 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France.
Sorrenti
Estelle
E
Waldvogel
Yves
Y
Görner
Tatiana
T
De Donato
Philippe
P
D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D006812:Humic Substances; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009566:Nitrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D016062:Porosity; D017680:Potassium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D011312:Pressure; D012996:Solutions / Q000737:chemistry; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013943:Thymol / Q000737:chemistry
D006812:Humic Substances; D009566:Nitrates; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D012996:Solutions; D013440:Sulfides; C011342:pyrite; D013943:Thymol; D007501:Iron; C023844:potassium nitrate