title: In vitro antibacterial efficacy of endodontic irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to compare the in vitro antimicrobial activity of 2% chlorhexidine gel against Enterococcus faecalis with sodium hypochlorite in 2 different concentrations (1.5% and 5.25%).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty human lower premolars with single root canals were prepared, autoclaved, and infected for 7 days with E. faecalis monocultures. The roots were then separated into 5 experimental groups according to the irrigant solution used during the standardized preparation. To assess the antimicrobial action of the irrigant solutions, 3 microbial samples were taken: S1--initial (before the biomechanical preparation), S2--posttreatment (immediately after the biomechanical preparation), and S3--final (7 days after the biomechanical preparation). The microbiological samples were plated to count the colony-forming units (CFU).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 2% chlorhexidine gel and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite significantly reduced the E. faecalis CFU in the posttreatment and final microbiological samples. The 1.5% sodium hypochlorite also reduced the E. faecalis CFU immediately after the root canal instrumentation, but the E. faecalis CFU increased in the final sample showing no statistical difference from the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 2% chlorhexidine gluconate gel and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite were effective in eliminating E. faecalis even 7 days after the instrumentation; moreover, the higher the concentration of sodium hypochlorite the better its antimicrobial action.
authors: University of North Carolina School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors: Daniel P
authors: DP
authors: Oliveira
authors: Joao V B
authors: JV
authors: Barbizam
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Trope
authors: Fabricio B
authors: FB
authors: Teixeira
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000382:microbiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D002710:Chlorhexidine