title: Benefits of clopidogrel in patients undergoing coronary stenting significantly depend on loading dose: evidence from a meta-regression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clopidogrel is an established alternative to ticlopidine in addition to aspirin after coronary stenting because of its safety, but its optimal initial dosing is unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-regression of randomized clinical trials comparing clopidogrel versus ticlopidine, focusing on clopidogrel front-loading.
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed was searched for pertinent studies (updated August 2006). Random-effect odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were computed for death or nonfatal myocardial infarction, and weighted least squares random-effect meta-regression was performed to explore the impact of loading versus nonloading clopidogrel scheme.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We retrieved 7 trials (3382 patients, average follow-up of 7 months). In 5 studies, both clopidogrel and ticlopidine were started with a loading dose, in 1 trial clopidogrel was administered without loading, and in 1 trial clopidogrel could be administered with or without loading. Overall analysis (P for heterogeneity = .02) showed similar results for clopidogrel and ticlopidine (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.44-1.84, P = .77). In studies administering clopidogrel with loading, this treatment was, however, significantly better than ticlopidine (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.36-0.99, P = .05). This significant interaction between clopidogrel loading and its superiority in comparison with ticlopidine was also formally confirmed by meta-regression (beta = -0.64, P = .012).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work supports the superiority of a clopidogrel regimen including an initial loading dose in comparison with ticlopidine in patients undergoing coronary stenting.
authors: Interventional Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. gbiondizoccai@gmail.com
authors: Giuseppe G L
authors: GG
authors: Biondi-Zoccai
authors: Marzia
authors: M
authors: Lotrionte
authors: Pierfrancesco
authors: P
authors: Agostoni
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Valgimigli
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Abbate
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Sangiorgi
authors: Claudio
authors: C
authors: Moretti
authors: Imad
authors: I
authors: Sheiban
mesh_terms: D000077144:Clopidogrel; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015607:Stents; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D013988:Ticlopidine