PANVAC-VF: poxviral-based vaccine therapy targeting CEA and MUC1 in carcinoma.
PANVAC is a cancer vaccine therapy delivered through two viral vectors--recombinant vaccinia and recombinant fowlpox--which are given sequentially. Both vectors contain transgenes for the tumor-associated antigens epithelial mucin 1 and carcinoembryonic antigen, which are altered or overexpressed in most carcinomas. The vectors also contain transgenes for three human T cell costimulatory molecules required to enhance immune response: B7.1, intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and leukocyte function-associated antigen-3. PANVAC is injected subcutaneously and processed by the body's antigen-presenting cells. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of PANVAC in inducing both carcinoembryonic antigen- and mucin 1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in vitro and in murine models. Other strategies that enhance the immune response include the use of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and a prime-boost administration sequence. Clinical trials have demonstrated PANVAC's safety and its ability to induce antigen-specific T cell responses. Early clinical trials are evaluating PANVAC alone and in combination with conventional chemotherapy and/or radiation. Studies to date hold promise for the use of PANVAC as a means to stimulate the immune system against malignancies and to provide clinical benefit.
Madan
Ravi A
RA
Clinical Immunotherapy Group, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Arlen
Philip M
PM
Gulley
James L
JL
D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D018396:Mucin-1; C518274:Panvac-VF