title: Clinicopathological characteristics of 15 patients with combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is a rare subtype of primary liver cancer, and clinicopathological features of cHCC-CC have seldom been reported in detail. This study was undertaken to explore the diagnosis and clinicopathological characteristics of cHCC-CC in comparison with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC), respectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical data from 15 patients with cHCC-CC, 132 patients with HCC and 44 patients with CC who had undergone hepatic resection were analyzed retrospectively. Clinicopathological characteristics of cHCC-CC, HCC and CC such as hepatitis B viral infection, serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, cirrhosis, vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, surgical procedure and adjuvant treatment were also analyzed. Follow up was carried out in the patients, and their 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two patients with cHCC-CC were correctly diagnosed by enhanced CT before operation, the other 13 patients were diagnosed by histology and immunohistochemistry after operation. Radical (8/15) and conservative hepatectomy (7/15) for cHCC-CC was similar to that for HCC and CC (P>0.05). Pathologically cHCC-CC showed more significantly vascular invasion and lymph node metastasis than HCC (P<0.05), and a similarity to CC (P>0.05). Hepatitis B viral infection, serum HCV antibody, cirrhosis, and serum AFP level of cHCC-CC patients were similar to those of HCC patients (P>0.05) but different from CC patients (P<0.05). The cumulative 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates in patients with cHCC-CC were poorer than in patients with HCC or CC (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with cHCC-CC are seldom diagnosed before operation. The progression of cHCC-CC is more rapid than that of HCC or CC. Survival rate of patients with cHCC-CC after hepatic resection is poorer than that of patients with HCC or CC.
authors: Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors: Huai-Quan
authors: HQ
authors: Zuo
authors: Lu-Nan
authors: LN
authors: Yan
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Zeng
authors: Jia-Ying
authors: JY
authors: Yang
authors: Hong-Zhi
authors: HZ
authors: Luo
authors: Jiang-Wen
authors: JW
authors: Liu
authors: Li-Xin
authors: LX
authors: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology*; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis