Personalised nutrition: status and perspectives.
Personalised, genotype-based nutrition is a concept that links genotyping with specific nutritional advice in order to improve the prevention of nutrition-associated, chronic diseases. This review describes the current scientific basis of the concept and discusses its problems. There is convincing evidence that variant genes may indeed determine the biological response to nutrients. The effects of single-gene variants on risk or risk factor levels of a complex disease are, however, usually small and sometimes inconsistent. Thus, information on the effects of combinations of relevant gene variants appears to be required in order to improve the predictive precision of the genetic information. Furthermore, very few associations between genotype and response have been tested for causality in human intervention studies, and little is known about potential adverse effects of a genotype-derived intervention. These issues need to be addressed before genotyping can become an acceptable method to guide nutritional recommendations.
Joost
Hans-Georg
HG
German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, Nuthetal, Germany. joost@mail.dife.de
Gibney
Michael J
MJ
Cashman
Kevin D
KD
Görman
Ulf
U
Hesketh
John E
JE
Mueller
Michael
M
van Ommen
Ben
B
Williams
Christine M
CM
Mathers
John C
JC
D002908:Chronic Disease; D005502:Food; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000235:genetics; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000235:genetics*; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D012106:Research / Q000639:trends