Esthesioneuroblastoma: a population-based analysis of survival and prognostic factors.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the characteristics associated with survival in esthesioneuroblastoma and to determine whether the modified Kadish staging system can predict outcome.


METHODS
Retrospective population-based cohort study.


METHODS
All patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results tumor registry diagnosed as having esthesioneuroblastoma (1973-2002).


METHODS
The modified Kadish stage and the overall and disease-specific survival rates were determined.


RESULTS
The cohort included 311 patients with a mean age of 53 years and a unimodal age distribution. The overall 5- and 10-year survival rates were 62.1% and 45.6%, respectively. The modified Kadish staging system was applied to 261 patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed the overall and disease-specific survival rates at 10 years to be 83.4% and 90%, respectively, for patients with stage A disease; 49% and 68.3% for patients with stage B disease; 38.6% and 66.7% for patients with stage C disease; and 13.3% and 35.6% for patients with stage D disease. Log-rank test comparisons found Kadish stage (P<.01), treatment modality (P<.002), lymph node status (P<.01), and age at diagnosis (P<.001) to be significant predictors of survival. Cox regression analysis confirmed that Kadish stage remained a significant predictor of disease-specific survival.


CONCLUSIONS
The modified Kadish staging system, lymph node status, treatment modality, and age are useful predictors of survival in patients who present with esthesioneuroblastoma.
Jethanamest
Daniel
D
Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Morris
Luc G
LG
Sikora
Andrew G
AG
Kutler
David I
DI
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018304:Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018426:SEER Program; D015996:Survival Rate