Beta-cryptoxanthin from citrus juices: assessment of bioaccessibility using an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture model.
Beta-Cryptoxanthin (beta-CX), a provitaminic carotenoid of potential interest for health, is found principally in Citrus fruit in both free and esterified forms. Little is known about the intestinal absorption of beta-CX especially with regard to the esterified forms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the absorption of free and esterified beta-CX using simulated digestion coupled with the Caco-2 model. Bioaccessibility was investigated by measuring the transfer of carotenoids from different citrus juices into micelles using an in vitro digestion system. Then, carotenoid uptake was evaluated by adding carotenoid-rich micelles (from the in vitro digestion) or synthetic micelles (made from synthetic lipids and carotenoids purified from citrus juice) to human intestinal cells (Caco-2 TC7 clone). Our results showed that beta-cryptoxanthin esters (beta-CXE) were partially hydrolysed during the in vitro digestion. The bioaccessibility of free beta-CX measured was significantly higher (40 (SD 1.05) %) than that of beta-carotene (30 (SD 1.9) %) and beta-CXE (16 (SD 1.5) %). In the same way, the incorporation of free beta-CX (27 (SD 1.01) %) into synthetic micelles exceeded (P<0.05) that of beta-carotene (10 (SD 0.7) %) and beta-CXE (8.8 (SD 0.4) %). In the case of micelles from in vitro digestion, the uptake of beta-carotene, free beta-CX and beta-CXE forms by Caco-2 cells was 14.3 (SD 1.8), 3.9 (SD 1.3), and 0.7 (SD 0.08) % respectively. These results showed a preferential uptake by Caco-2 cells of beta-carotene and free beta-CX compared with the two esters of beta-CX.
Dhuique-Mayer
Claudie
C
Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), UR 24, Tropical food quality, TA50/04, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France. claudie.dhuique-mayer@cirad.fr
Borel
Patrick
P
Reboul
Emmanuelle
E
Caporiccio
Bertrand
B
Besancon
Pierre
P
Amiot
Marie-Josèphe
MJ
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001628:Beverages; D001682:Biological Availability; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D032084:Citrus sinensis; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000502:physiology; D007848:Laurates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008823:Micelles; D008954:Models, Biological; D009226:Myristates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D007848:Laurates; D008823:Micelles; D009226:Myristates; D024341:Xanthophylls; C524364:beta-cryptoxanthin laurate; C524365:beta-cryptoxanthin myristate; D019207:beta Carotene