title: Esthesioneuroblastoma: a population-based analysis of survival and prognostic factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the characteristics associated with survival in esthesioneuroblastoma and to determine whether the modified Kadish staging system can predict outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective population-based cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results tumor registry diagnosed as having esthesioneuroblastoma (1973-2002).
  
  
  METHODS
  The modified Kadish stage and the overall and disease-specific survival rates were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cohort included 311 patients with a mean age of 53 years and a unimodal age distribution. The overall 5- and 10-year survival rates were 62.1% and 45.6%, respectively. The modified Kadish staging system was applied to 261 patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed the overall and disease-specific survival rates at 10 years to be 83.4% and 90%, respectively, for patients with stage A disease; 49% and 68.3% for patients with stage B disease; 38.6% and 66.7% for patients with stage C disease; and 13.3% and 35.6% for patients with stage D disease. Log-rank test comparisons found Kadish stage (P<.01), treatment modality (P<.002), lymph node status (P<.01), and age at diagnosis (P<.001) to be significant predictors of survival. Cox regression analysis confirmed that Kadish stage remained a significant predictor of disease-specific survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The modified Kadish staging system, lymph node status, treatment modality, and age are useful predictors of survival in patients who present with esthesioneuroblastoma.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Jethanamest
authors: Luc G
authors: LG
authors: Morris
authors: Andrew G
authors: AG
authors: Sikora
authors: David I
authors: DI
authors: Kutler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018304:Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018426:SEER Program; D015996:Survival Rate