Self-reported glaucoma in Canada: findings from population-based surveys, 1994-2003.
BACKGROUND
To provide population estimates and 10-year trends in the self-reported prevalence of glaucoma in Canada, including age and sex profiles, frequency of contact with eye specialists, and associated chronic medical conditions.


METHODS
Analyses were based on cross-sectional, self-reported data for ages >or=20 years from 5 national surveys: the 1994-95, 1996-97, and 1998-99 National Population Health Survey (minimum sample size [n] = 33 153) and the 2000-01 and 2002-03 Canadian Community Health Survey (min n = 113 212). Prevalence estimates were derived from descriptive analyses; multivariate logistic regression analyses examined the association of income, education, and chronic medical conditions with the likelihood of reporting glaucoma.


RESULTS
In 2002-03, an estimated 409,000 Canadians had glaucoma, including 2.7% of those >or=40 years and 11% of those >or=80 years. Overall, the prevalence of self-reported glaucoma increased from 1.1% in 1994-95 to 1.8% in 2002-03 (p < 0.01). Significant increases in age-specific prevalences over time were also observed in 4 of 6 age groups. In total, 14% of respondents with glaucoma reported no recent contact with an eye specialist. Arthritis (and other rheumatic conditions), high blood pressure, migraines, and diabetes were associated with glaucoma.


CONCLUSIONS
Our review suggests glaucoma is at least as prevalent in Canada as in other Western nations. It is most common in the over-80 age group and appears to be associated with other medical conditions.
Perruccio
Anthony V
AV
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Toronto,Toronto, ON.
Badley
Elizabeth M
EM
Trope
Graham E
GE
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009313:National Health Programs; D015995:Prevalence; D012650:Self Disclosure; D017678:Sex Distribution