title: An effective method for fast determination of artemisinin in Artemisia annua L. by high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection.
abstract: Artemisinin isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia annua L., is a promising and potent antimalarial drug, which meets the dual challenge posed by drug-resistant parasites and rapid progression of malarial illness. The aim of the current study was to develop a reliable and fast analytical procedure for the determination of artemisinin in A. annua using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) in couple with microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) as an efficient sample preparation technique. The HPLC conditions were Agilent C18 column using water:acetonitrile (40:60 v/v) mixture as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL min(-1). ELSD conditions were optimized at nebulizer-gas flow rate of 2.0 L min(-1) and drift tube temperature of 70 degrees C under the impactor off-mode, and the gain was set at 2. Afterwards, method validation system for HPLC-ELSD analysis was developed. Calibration range was 0.2-1.0 mg mL(-1) and correlation coefficient r was above 0.9990. Precision experiments showed relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of retention time was less than 0.5% and R.S.D. of peak area was less than 1.30%. Inter-day and intra-day variabilities showed that R.S.D. was ranged from 1.01% to 4.66%. Limit of detection was less than 40 microg mL(-1) and limit of quantification was less than 100 microg mL(-1). Accuracy validation showed that average recovery was between 98.23% and 104.97%. The developed analytical procedure was successfully applied to determine the contents of artemisinin in the different parts of A. annua plants.
authors: National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China. czliu@home.ipe.ac.cn <czliu@home.ipe.ac.cn>
authors: Chun-Zhao
authors: CZ
authors: Liu
authors: Hua-Ying
authors: HY
authors: Zhou
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhao
mesh_terms: D019306:Artemisia / Q000737:chemistry*; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000032:analysis*; D002138:Calibration; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D008027:Light; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D037621:Artemisinins; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C031327:artemisinin