title: Follow-up of bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the effects of bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) after 4-45 months' follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 04/01 and 12/04, 46 PD patients were operated on with bilateral STN-DBS. All of them were evaluated with Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) parts II-V before surgery and 4-45 months after surgery. The amelioration of miscellaneous symptoms and decrease of medication dose, respectively, were compared. Main side effects were observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After surgery, both the score of activities of daily living (ADL) and the UPDRS motor score decreased significantly (p < 0.001). Among the PD symptoms, tremor was improved best. Rigidity, bradykinesia, axial symptoms, facial expression and dyskinesia were all improved, although to a lesser extent, while speech was not improved. Medication dose was decreased significantly (p < 0.001). According to the time of follow-up, 4 groups were classified (4-12 months, 13-24 months. 25-36 months and 37-45 months group). ADL, UPDRS motor score and dyskinesia subscore improvement were compared among these groups. No significant difference existed. No life threatening complications occurred. Main side effects included hypophonia, dyskinesia, confusion, depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bilateral STN-DBS is a satisfying surgical method for the treatment of advanced PD. It can improve the cardinal PD symptoms up to 45 months. Complications and side effects were rare and usually temporary or reversible.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. jgzhang@public3.bta.net.cn
authors: J G
authors: JG
authors: Zhang
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Zhang
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Ma
authors: W H
authors: WH
authors: Hu
authors: A C
authors: AC
authors: Yang
authors: J S
authors: JS
authors: Chu
authors: S T
authors: ST
authors: Wu
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Ge
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Z C
authors: ZC
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D018476:Hypokinesia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000145:classification; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014202:Tremor