title: Evaluation of stress reactions during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in elderly patients: assessment of mental stress using chromogranin A.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Salivary chromogranin A (CgA) was recently reported to be a useful marker of mental stress. In this study, mental stress during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was evaluated by measuring salivary CgA levels in young and elderly subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 9 healthy subjects aged less than 50 years (young group) and 15 subjects aged 70 years or older (elderly group). The heart rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation level, and salivary CgA concentration were measured before and after upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the young group, the CgA level decreased significantly (p<0.05) during endoscopy compared with the level during rest before endoscopy. In the elderly group, it also decreased significantly (p<0.05) during endoscopy compared with the level during rest before endoscopy. However, CgA levels were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the elderly group than in the young group both before and during endoscopy. The decrease in CgA levels was significantly greater (p<0.05) in the young group than in the elderly group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, mental stress associated with endoscopy appears to be higher in elderly subjects than in younger subjects. Attention to complications due to increased stress is considered to be necessary in elderly patients during endoscopy.
authors: Department of Digestive and Cardiovascular Medicine, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors: Sayuri
authors: S
authors: Fujimoto
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Nomura
authors: Miyako
authors: M
authors: Niki
authors: Hideki
authors: H
authors: Motoba
authors: Kiyoshi
authors: K
authors: Ieishi
authors: Toshifumi
authors: T
authors: Mori
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Ikefuji
authors: Susumu
authors: S
authors: Ito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D053379:Chromogranin A / Q000032:analysis*; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053379:Chromogranin A; D010100:Oxygen