title: Embryo-chondrocyte expressed gene 1, downregulating hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha, is another marker of lung tumor hypoxia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the mechanism of differentiated embryo-chondrocyte expressed gene 1 (DEC1) in the lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line and its relationship with hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha(HIF-1alpha).
  
  
  METHODS
  DEC1 and HIF-1alpha protein levels were detected in lung adenocarcinoma tissues by immunohistochemistry. A549 cells were cultured at hypoxia. MTT assay was used to determine the effect of cell viability. The apoptotic analysis was determined by flow cytometry. RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry were carried out to observe the DEC1 and HIF-1alpha mRNA and protein expression. HIF-1alpha mRNA and protein levels were detected in the stably transfected pcDNA-DEC1+/- A549 cells by RT-PCR and Western blotting. DEC1 mRNA and protein levels were detected in the stably transfected pcDNA-DEC1+/- A549 cells with or without HIF-1alpha antisense oligonucleotide treatment by RT-PCR and Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DEC1 was specifically located in 40 (48.8%) lung adenocarcinoma tissues. The results of the MTT test showed the growth of the stably transfected pcDNA-DEC+ A549 cells was higher than those of A549 cells and the stably transfected pcDNA-DEC- A549 cells. Hypoxia also induced the apoptosis of A549 cells and the stably transfected pcDNA-DEC+/- A549 cells. Hypoxia increased the mRNA and protein levels of DEC1 and HIF-1alpha. Both HIF-1alpha mRNA and protein levels decreased in the stably transfected pcDNA-DEC+ cells, but HIF-1alpha antisense oligonucleotide had no effect on DEC1 in the stably transfected pcDNA-DEC+/- A549 cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DEC1 is a marker of tumor hypoxia. DEC1 downregulates the HIF-1alpha at both mRNA and protein levels at hypoxia in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.
authors: Department of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Qing-quan
authors: QQ
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C403671:DELEC1 protein, human; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins