title: In vitro tests indicate that certain varieties of oats may be harmful to patients with coeliac disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The presence of oats in gluten-free diet is controversial. The aim of this work is to evaluate if different varieties of oats exert different toxicity in coeliac disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three varieties of oats were tested by two in vitro assay based on the known ability of peptic-tryptic digests of coeliac-active proteins to agglutinate K562 cells and to disrupt lysosomes, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Avenins from the Italian variety Astra and the Australian variety Mortlook were much more active than the Australian variety Lampton. Gliadin, digested in the same way, certainly displayed more activity than all three avenins, but rice (var. Roma) did not have measurable activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that some varieties of oats may be potentially harmful to individuals with coeliac disease and therefore should be excluded from the gluten-free diet required to maintain good health in coeliac disease. It is important to realize that constant, small amounts of active proteins in the diet, such as certain avenins, may prevent complete recovery of the intestinal mucosa in this disease.
authors: Division of Food Science, Human Nutrition and Health, Higher Institute of Health, Rome, Italy. marco.silano@iss.it
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Silano
authors: Mariarita
authors: M
authors: Dessì
authors: Massimo
authors: M
authors: De Vincenzi
authors: Hugh
authors: H
authors: Cornell
mesh_terms: D000372:Agglutination Tests; D000818:Animals; D018554:Avena / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000178:diet therapy*; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000187:drug effects; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000633:toxicity*; D055315:Prolamins; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D055315:Prolamins