Ocular higher-order aberrations features analysis after corneal refractive surgery.
BACKGROUND
The recent studies have shown that visual performance might be affected by the ocular aberration after the corneal refractive surgery, and try to minimize it. This study was to investigate the effects of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) on the higher order of wavefront aberration and analysis of their characteristics.


METHODS
This prospective study involved 32 eyes with similar refractive powers (-5.0 D to -6.0 D preoperatively). LASIK and PRK were performed with the same parameters of 6 mm diameter optical zone and 7 mm diameter transition zone ablation. Wavefront aberrations were tested using a ray tracing technique preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Three measurements were obtained for each condition; the root mean squared wavefront error (RMS), values for overall wavefront aberrations and each order of the Zernike aberrations were analyzed using the Matlab software. The 2-tailed t test was used for statistical analysis.


RESULTS
Overall higher order aberrations were increased from (0.550.26) microm preoperatively to (0.930.37) microm for PRK and (0.790.38) microm for LASIK postoperatively. This was a 1.69 fold increase in the PRK group (t = 3.95, P < 0.001) and a 1.43 fold increase in the LASIK group (t = 2.60, P < 0.05). At 3 months, the mean RMS value for higher-order (3rd to 6th) were significantly increased compared with the corresponding preoperative values (P < 0.05). The fourth order aberrations, spherical like aberration, were dominant by a 2.64 fold in PRK and a 2.31 fold in LASIK. Different influences of the PRK group and LASIK group were shown in the various zernike components. The statistically significant differences were seen in C(4)(0), C(4)(+4), C(5)(+1), C(5)(+3), C(5)(+5) and C(6)(+2) of the PRK group and C(3)(-3), C(4)(0), C(5)(-5), C(5)(+5), C(6)(-2) of the LASIK group, which represents a 7.42, 3.58, 9.21, 2.72 and 5.3 fold increases in PRK group, and 6.40, 10.80, 11.06, 3.47 and 6.09 fold increases in LASIK group, respectively. C(3)(-3) in LASIK was higher and C(5)(+1) and C(5)(+3) were lower than those in the PRK group. C(4)(0) (spherical aberration) values were similar between PRK and LASIK, however, C(3)(-1) and C(3)(1) (coma) in LASIK were higher than those in PRK, but these differences are of no statistical significance.


CONCLUSIONS
PRK and LASIK may increase ocular higher-order aberrations, but they both have their own features. The difference between the two types of surgery may be correlated with the change of the corneal shape, the conversion of biodynamics, the healing of the corneal cut, and re-structured corneal epithelium and/or the stroma.
Wang
Yan
Y
Refractive Surgery Center, Tianjin Eye Hospital & Eye Institute, Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300020, China. wangyan7143@vip.sina.com
Zhao
Kan-xing
KX
He
Ji-chang
JC
Jin
Ying
Y
Zuo
Tong
T
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D020731:Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ / Q000009:adverse effects*; D054018:Lasers, Excimer; D018903:Photorefractive Keratectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D014792:Visual Acuity