title: Effect of lugol solution on thyroid gland blood flow and microvessel density in the patients with Graves' disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although some endocrine surgeons administer Lugol solution to decrease thyroid gland vascularity, there is still not an agreement on its effectiveness.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this clinical trial are to evaluate thyroid blood flow and microvessel density in patients with Graves' disease who received Lugol solution treatment preoperatively.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  This clinical trial took place at a tertiary referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six patients were randomly assigned to receive either preoperative treatment with Lugol solution (group 1, n = 17) or no preoperative treatment with Lugol solution (group 2, n = 19).
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood flow through the thyroid arteries of patients with Graves' disease was measured by color flow Doppler ultrasonography. The microvessel density (MVD) was assessed by immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis of the level of expression of CD-34 in thyroid tissue. The weight and blood loss of the thyroid gland were measured in all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean blood flow, MVD, CD-34 expression, and blood loss in group 1 patients were significantly lower than those in group 2 patients. There was a negative correlation between Lugol solution treatment and blood flow (r(s) = -0.629; P = 0.0001), blood loss (r(s) = -0.621; P = 0.0001), MVD (r(s) = -0.865; P = 0.0001), and CD-34 expression (r(s) = -0.865; P = 0.0001). According to logistic regression analysis, Lugol solution treatment resulted in a 9.33-fold decreased rate of intraoperative blood loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative Lugol solution treatment decreased the rate of blood flow, thyroid vascularity, and intraoperative blood loss during thyroidectomy.
authors: Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, 34093 Capa/Istanbul, Turkey. yerbil2003@yahoo.com
authors: Yeşim
authors: Y
authors: Erbil
authors: Yasemin
authors: Y
authors: Ozluk
authors: Murat
authors: M
authors: Giriş
authors: Artur
authors: A
authors: Salmaslioglu
authors: Halim
authors: H
authors: Issever
authors: Umut
authors: U
authors: Barbaros
authors: Yersu
authors: Y
authors: Kapran
authors: Selçuk
authors: S
authors: Ozarmağan
authors: Serdar
authors: S
authors: Tezelman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005260:Female; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007454:Iodides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34; D006490:Hemostatics; D007454:Iodides; C010389:Lugol's solution