title: Effect of antihypertensive agents on plasma adiponectin levels in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Plasma adiponectin levels are well associated with metabolic syndrome. However, the relationship between hypertension and plasma adiponectin levels is not clear. Also, there is not enough data about the effects of different antihypertensive regimens on plasma adiponectin levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-six hypertensive patients (48 male, 48 female) who fulfil the diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome were enrolled. Patients were treated for 3 months with metoprolol (n = 18, 100 mg/day), amlodipine (n = 20, 10 mg/day), doxazosin (n = 18, 4 mg/day), ramipril (n = 20, 5 mg/day) and valsartan (n = 20, 80 mg/day). Blood biochemistry and plasma adiponectin concentrations were measured both before and after the study. Insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis assessment index (HOMA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma adiponectin levels were correlated with the total cholesterol (r = -0.244, P = 0.017), triglyceride (r = -0.306, P = 0.002), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (r = 0.286, P = 0.005), body mass index (r = -374, P < 0.001), systolic (r = -502, P < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressures (r = -235, P = 0.021). The independent predictors of plasma adiponectin levels were HOMA (beta = -0.199, P = 0.02), body mass index (beta = -0.313, P < 0.001) and systolic blood pressures (beta = -0.483, P < 0.001). Ramipril and valsartan increased the plasma adiponectin levels significantly higher than the other regimens (P < 0.05 for both) while metoprolol did not make a significant effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to the results, plasma adiponectin levels are associated with the arterial blood pressures, body fat content and the lipid parameters in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome. The effects of antihypertensive drugs on plasma adiponectin levels are parallel to their effects on blood pressures and insulin sensitivities. The different effects of several regimens on plasma adiponectin levels and insulin sensitivities may account for the diversity of the cardiovascular outcomes in patients with hypertension.
authors: Department of Nephrology, Gülhane School of Medicine, Etlik-Ankara, Turkey. mahmutiyilmaz@yahoo.com
authors: Mahmut I
authors: MI
authors: Yilmaz
authors: Alper
authors: A
authors: Sonmez
authors: Kayser
authors: K
authors: Caglar
authors: Turgay
authors: T
authors: Celik
authors: Müjdat
authors: M
authors: Yenicesu
authors: Tayfun
authors: T
authors: Eyileten
authors: Cengizhan
authors: C
authors: Acikel
authors: Yusuf
authors: Y
authors: Oguz
authors: Izzet
authors: I
authors: Yavuz
authors: Abdulgaffar
authors: A
authors: Vural
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D017311:Amlodipine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017292:Doxazosin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017257:Ramipril / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014633:Valine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068756:Valsartan
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D008055:Lipids; D013777:Tetrazoles; D017311:Amlodipine; D000068756:Valsartan; D008790:Metoprolol; D014633:Valine; D017257:Ramipril; D017292:Doxazosin