title: Subcutaneous cryptococcosis due to Cryptococcus diffluens in a patient with sporotrichoid lesions case report, features of the case isolate and in vitro antifungal susceptibilities.
abstract: Environmental fungi, in particular primary pathogens and Cryptococcus spp. can be responsible for skin lesions mimicking sporotrichosis. In this paper, we report a case of subcutaneous cryptococcosis in an apparently healthy, young male patient due to a non-C. neoformans Cryptococcus species, C. diffluens. The isolate showed in vitro phenotypic switching that may affect virulence and host inflammatory and immune responses, and in vitro resistance to amphotericin B and 5-flucytosin. This species shares several phenotypic traits with C. neoformans, and, therefore, decisive diagnosis should be based on biopsy and culturing results followed by molecular identification.
authors: Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Deep Mycosis Laboratory, Istanbul University, Istanbul,Turkey. s.kantarcioglu@superonline.com
authors: A Serda
authors: AS
authors: Kantarcioğlu
authors: Teun
authors: T
authors: Boekhout
authors: G Sybren
authors: GS
authors: De Hoog
authors: Bart
authors: B
authors: Theelen
authors: Ayhan
authors: A
authors: Yücel
authors: Tuba R
authors: TR
authors: Ekmekci
authors: Bettina C
authors: BC
authors: Fries
authors: Reiko
authors: R
authors: Ikeda
authors: Adem
authors: A
authors: Koslu
authors: Kemal
authors: K
authors: Altas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001483:Base Sequence; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D003454:Cryptococcus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D005437:Flucytosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013174:Sporotrichosis / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S; D000666:Amphotericin B; D005437:Flucytosine