title: Effect of gramicidin on phospholipid-modified monolayers and on ion transfer at a liquid-liquid interface.
abstract: The interaction of hybrid lipid/gramicidin A (gA) monolayers with dextran sulfate (DS) and the effect of this interaction on ion transfer at a liquid-liquid interface is reported. The interfacial and physicochemical properties are studied with Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) and electrochemical techniques. The results obtained from compression isotherms demonstrate that the interactions between the different species in the hybrid monolayer vary according to the chemical nature of the lipid (hydrocarbon region and charge of the head group). Interfacial capacitance measured with AC voltammetry indicates that the DS chains form a rather flat and compact layer when adsorbed to either zwitterionic or negatively charged phospholipid monolayers, and that calcium, even at low concentrations, interacts with the monolayers. These results are successfully described by a model based on the solution of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation in the interfacial region. Ion transfer and interactions with the lipid/gA/DS-modified monolayers were also studied with electrochemical techniques. Admittance data show that although the studied ions are not using gA channels for the transfer through the lipid membranes, the incorporation of gA in the lipid domain and the adsorption of DS at the interface have a significant effect on ion transfer across the monolayers. This effect can be explained as a consequence of the modified surface charge and of the compactness of the lipid domain due to its interaction with gA and to calcium and DS adsorption at the interface. The ion-transfer rate, therefore, depends on the composition of the monolayer and the chemical nature of the ion.
authors: Department of Chemical Technology, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 6100, Kemistintie 1, 02015 TKK Espoo, Finland. helder.santos@hut.fi
authors: Hélder A
authors: HA
authors: Santos
authors: Sanna
authors: S
authors: Carlsson
authors: Lasse
authors: L
authors: Murtomäki
authors: Kyösti
authors: K
authors: Kontturi
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016264:Dextran Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry*; D004563:Electrochemistry; D006096:Gramicidin / Q000737:chemistry*; D017136:Ion Transport; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008954:Models, Biological; D010539:Permeability; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D019789:Tetraethylammonium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010743:Phospholipids; D006096:Gramicidin; D019789:Tetraethylammonium; D016264:Dextran Sulfate