In vitro evaluation of metabolic changes and residual platelet responsiveness in photochemical treated and gamma-irradiated single-donor platelet concentrates during long-term storage.
BACKGROUND
Photochemical treatment (PCT) prevents replication of pathogens in platelet concentrates (PCs) by cross-linking nucleic acids and thus affects all cells containing DNA or RNA.


METHODS
Fourteen double-dose single-donor PCs were divided into two study arms. The double-dose PCs were split in two identical units, PCT and conventional control PCs. Study Arm A consisted of seven PCT PCs with corresponding untreated controls, whereas Study Arm B consisted of seven PCT PCs with corresponding gamma-irradiated control. Metabolic changes and agonist-induced platelet (PLT) response were evaluated during storage for up to 12 days.


RESULTS
Higher rate of PLT destruction, illustrated by reduced PLT content, increased lactate dehydrogenase levels, and higher CD61+ microparticle formation rate, were observed after PCT. Generally PCT accelerated metabolic changes in PCs and reduced agonist-induced (collagen or thrombin receptor activator peptide [TRAP]) aggregation responses. Flow cytometric analysis of CD62P and CD42b (GPIbalpha) expression showed higher spontaneous PLT activation in PCT PCs from 5 days of storage. Correspondingly, a reduced capacity for up regulation of CD62P expression and down regulation of CD42b was observed in PCT PLTs after stimulation by the agonists ADP or TRAP.


CONCLUSIONS
Generally reduced in vitro PLT quality was observed after PCT during storage for up to 12 days, with marked reduction from 5 days of storage. Compared to conventional PCs, reduced agonist-induced aggregation and glycoprotein expression were observed after PCT during storage, corresponding to significantly higher level of spontaneous PLT activation in PCT PCs. Clinical studies of efficacy and safety of PCT PCs stored for more than 5 days are recommended.
Apelseth
Torunn Ø
TØ
Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, and the Center for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. torunn.oveland.apelseth@helse-bergen.no
Bruserud
Øystein
Ø
Wentzel-Larsen
Tore
T
Bakken
Anne M
AM
Bjørsvik
Solfrid
S
Hervig
Tor
T
D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001782:Blood Donors; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001793:Blood Preservation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000528:radiation effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005720:Gamma Rays; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000528:radiation effects; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D039661:Integrin beta3 / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism; D010777:Photochemistry / Q000379:methods; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000528:radiation effects; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000528:radiation effects; D010983:Plateletpheresis; D018179:Receptors, Thrombin / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors
D016207:Cytokines; D006023:Glycoproteins; D039661:Integrin beta3; D019007:P-Selectin; D018179:Receptors, Thrombin; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase