title: Enhanced susceptibility to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-mediated apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells treated with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors.
abstract: In general, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells are relatively resistant to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptosis during culture in vitro. Here, we studied the role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-K)/Akt in survival and apoptosis of these cells. The PI 3-K inhibitors wortmannin and LY294002 markedly suppressed phosphorylation of Akt and accelerated TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in OSCC cells. Addition of TRAIL to PI 3-K inhibitor-treated cells resulted in caspase-8 activation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, inhibitors of caspase-3, -8 and -9 reduced the accelerative effect of PI 3-K inhibitors on TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. These results suggest that the pro-apoptotic effect of PI 3-K inhibitors on TRAIL-mediated apoptosis may contribute to both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Although PI 3-K inhibitors did not affect expression of the TRAIL receptors DR4 and DR5, we observed a marked reduction in expression of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), Bcl-2, cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein-1 (cIAP-1) and X-linked IAP (XIAP), whereas Bax was up-regulated and no significant difference was observed in expression of Bcl-xL, Bak or cIAP-2. Therefore, the PI 3-K/Akt signaling pathway provides partial regulation of TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in OSCC cells via modulation of c-FLIP, Bcl-2, Bax, cIAP-1 and XIAP expression. These results suggest that PI 3-K inhibitors may represent a novel strategy for overcoming resistance to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in OSCC cells.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Makiko
authors: M
authors: Uchida
authors: Masayasu
authors: M
authors: Iwase
authors: Sayaka
authors: S
authors: Takaoka
authors: Sayaka
authors: S
authors: Yoshiba
authors: Gen
authors: G
authors: Kondo
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Watanabe
authors: Masaru
authors: M
authors: Ohashi
authors: Masao
authors: M
authors: Nagumo
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Shintani
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000473:pathology; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008024:Ligands; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand