title: Patients' experience of humiliation in the admission process to acute psychiatric wards.
abstract: The objective of the study was to investigate the experiences of humiliations by patients in the admission process to acute psychiatric wards. One-hundred-and-two patients were interviewed within 48 h after hospitalization about their experiences of the admission process. The structured Admission Experience Survey questionnaire was used to identify negative events of the admission process. Perceived humiliation was defined by a cut-off on the self-reported Cantrill's Ladder Scale. Six qualitative depth interviews of patients with high and low humiliation scores were performed in order to relate interview information on humiliation experiences to the self-report. Negative events during the admission process were significantly more common among patients with involuntary admission, but were also observed among those voluntary admitted. Humiliation in connection with negative events during the admission process was reported by 48 patients, 24 involuntary and 24 voluntary admitted. In univariate analyses, humiliation was significantly associated with events where the patients were exposed to verbal or physical force, as well as with the conviction that "the admission was not right". In multivariate analyses, the latter conviction was the only significant one, although "use of physical force" also showed a trend (P=0.06). Negative events are common among the routines, procedures, and situations of the admission process to acute psychiatric wards. Some of them can hopefully be modified such as the use of verbal and physical force. In contrast, the conviction that "the admission was not right", which showed the strongest association with humiliation, seems less modifiable in the admission process.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Sunnmore Hospital, 6026-Aalesund, Norway. marit.svindseth@helse-sunnmore.no
authors: Marit F
authors: MF
authors: Svindseth
authors: Alv A
authors: AA
authors: Dahl
authors: Trond
authors: T
authors: Hatling
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D003068:Coercion; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010343:Patient Admission; D010361:Patients / Q000523:psychology*; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D011567:Psychiatric Department, Hospital