title: Candida urinary tract infections: treatment options.
abstract: Candiduria is a nonspecific finding that occurs with contamination of a urine sample, colonization of an indwelling catheter and/or the bladder, symptomatic cystitis and invasive upper tract infection. Most patients are colonized and do not require antifungal therapy. Removing predisposing factors, such as indwelling catheters and antibiotics, will clear candiduria in almost 50% of asymptomatic patients. For patients with symptomatic Candida urinary tract infections, a variety of treatment options are available. Fluconazole is the antifungal agent of choice, achieving high urine concentrations with the oral formulation. Rarely, amphotericin B or flucytosine are used. Newer azole agents and echinocandins are not recommended for the treatment of urinary tract infections since they fail to achieve adequate urine concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, 2215 Fuller Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA. malanian@umich.edu
authors.forename: Anurag N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Malani
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kauffman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000652:urine; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000652:urine; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D000075202:Contraindications; D006801:Humans; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; D000935:Antifungal Agents