title: Clinical profile of various sub-types of writer's cramp.
abstract: We profiled 141 consecutive patients of writer's cramp (WC). Simple WC (n=108) had a mean (SD) disease duration of 3.65 (2.7) years and a severity score of 2.8 (0.91) by Burke-Fahn-Marden (BFM) scale (handwriting score: 0-4 ), whereas complex WC (n=33) had a disease duration of 5.8 (2.81) years and severity score of 3.6 (0.52). Compared with focal WC, generalized WC cases had longer disease duration, severer disability, and were older. Mirror dystonia was seen in 65 patients (46.1%). Co-existent Meige's syndrome (n=4) and cervical dystonia (n=6) were seen. Some patients had abnormal posturing of the neck (n=5) and of the oromandibular region (n=3) only while writing. Those receiving botulinum toxin fared significantly better than those on oral therapy, at 1 month post treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. dascp@glide.net.in
authors.forename: Chandi Prasad
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Sudesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prabhakar
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Truong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000145:classification* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008538:Meige Syndrome / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011187:Posture; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; D001905:Botulinum Toxins