title: Cytotoxicity analysis of EDTA and citric acid applied on murine resident macrophages culture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the ex vivo cytotoxicity of EDTA and citric acid solutions on macrophages.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cytotoxicity of 17% EDTA and 15% citric acid was evaluated on murine macrophage cultures using MTT-Tetrazolium method [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide]. A total of 5 x 10(5) cells were plated in medium culture with 17% EDTA or 15% citric acid. Fresh medium was used as a control. Toxicity values were analysed statistically by anova and Tukey's test (P<0.05) at short (0, 6, 12, 24 h) and medium periods (1, 3, 5, 7 days), using ELISA absorbance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the short term, both EDTA (0.253 nm) and citric acid (0.260 nm) exhibited cytotoxic effects on macrophage cultures (P<0.05). On the medium term, statistical differences were observed (P<0.05) between the groups. EDTA (0.158 nm) and citric acid (0.219 nm) were cytotoxic when compared with the control group; EDTA-reduced macrophage viability significantly more than citric acid (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both EDTA and citric acid had effects on macrophages cells ex vivo, but citric acid was less toxic in periods from 1 to 7 days of use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Amaral
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rogero
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fock
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Borelli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gavini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D019343:Citric Acid; D004492:Edetic Acid