title: Confirmation that a specific haplotype of the dopamine transporter gene is associated with combined-type ADHD.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary purpose of this study was to confirm the association of a specific haplotype of the dopamine transporter gene and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which could be one source of the heterogeneity seen across published studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors previously reported the association of ADHD with a subgroup of chromosomes containing specific alleles of two variable-number tandem repeat polymorphisms within the 3' untranslated region and intron 8 of the dopamine transporter gene. They now report on this association in a sample of ADHD combined-type probands.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The original observations were confirmed, with an overall odds ratio of 1.4 across samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data challenge results of meta-analyses suggesting that dopamine transporter variation does not have an effect on the risk for ADHD, and they indicate that further investigation of functional variation in the gene is required.
authors.affiliation: MRC Social Genetic Developmental and Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, London, SE5 8AF UK. p.asherson@iop.kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Asherson
authors.forename: Keeley
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brookes
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Franke
authors.forename: Wai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Ebstein
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buitelaar
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Banaschewski
authors.forename: Edmund
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sonuga-Barke
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eisenberg
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Manor
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Oades
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Roeyers
authors.forename: Aribert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rothenberger
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sergeant
authors.forename: Hans-Christoph
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Steinhausen
authors.forename: Stephen V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Faraone
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences
chemical_list: D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins