Improvement of digestibility, reduction in allergenicity, and induction of oral tolerance of wheat gliadin by deamidation.
Wheat gliadin was deamidated by using a cation-exchange resin in the presence or absence of added cysteine, with the change in digestibility being measured. The allergenicity of the gliadin was evaluated by using sera from patients RAST-positive to wheat. Gliadin-specific IgE was measured after the gliadin had been orally administered to rats. The addition of cysteine before the treatment with a cation exchanger effectively increased the deamidation level of gliadin. Deamidated gliadin showed higher solubility than the undeamidated form. There was no difference in the peptic digestibility of the gliadin, whereas deamidation enhanced the pancreatic digestibility in vitro and the digestibility in the mouse stomach in vivo. Deamidation of gliadin reduced its reactivity toward the sera of patients with wheat allergy. Rats administered with deamidated gliadin showed suppressed elevation of the gliadin-specific IgE level.
Kumagai
Hitomi
H
Department of Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Nihon University, Fujisawa-Shi, Japan. kumagai@brs.nihon-u.ac.jp
Suda
Akihiro
A
Sakurai
Hidetoshi
H
Kumagai
Hitoshi
H
Arai
Soichi
S
Inomata
Naoko
N
Ikezawa
Zenro
Z
D000577:Amides / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D004064:Digestive System / Q000378:metabolism; D004798:Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology*; D005903:Gliadin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000032:analysis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010194:Pancreatin / Q000737:chemistry; D010434:Pepsin A / Q000737:chemistry; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D011817:Rabbits; D012995:Solubility; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry*
D000577:Amides; D004798:Enzymes; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D010194:Pancreatin; D005903:Gliadin; D010434:Pepsin A