title: Evaluation of effects of an oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol combined with drospirenone on adrenal steroidogenesis in hyperandrogenic women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the administration of an oral contraceptive containing the new antiandrogenic drospirenone is associated with reduced adrenal androgen synthesis in hyperandrogenic women with diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome. Drospirenone, an analogue of spironolactone and aldosterone antagonist, is a novel progestin under clinical development that is similar to the natural hormone progesterone, combining potent progestogenic with antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy volunteers in University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen women ages 18 to 28 years with the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three months of contraceptive use (30 mcg ethinylestradiol, 3 mg drospirenone).
  
  
  METHODS
  An adrenocorticotropic hormone test was performed before and after the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adrenal production of cortisol was unchanged after therapy with oral contraceptives. An interesting observation was reduced basal concentrations of androgens such as androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone, and free testosterone during therapy. The ratios of the areas of substrates to products before and after oral contraceptive administration were compared for differences in 17alpha-hydroxylase (17-hydroxyprogesterone/progesterone) and 17,20-lyase (androstenedione/17-hydroxyprogesterone); activities were significantly reduced, indicating a reduction in the activities of these enzymes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results show for the first time that oral contraceptives containing drospirenone affect adrenal steroidogenesis by reducing synthesis and release of androgens in response to adrenocorticotropic hormone, leaving adrenal production of cortisol unchanged.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Siena, Italy. deleo@unisi.it
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Leo
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morgante
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piomboni
authors.forename: Maria Concetta
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Musacchio
authors.forename: Felice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Petraglia
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cianci
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000736:Androstenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017588:Hyperandrogenism / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000736:Androstenes; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; C035144:drospirenone