title: Investigation of parent-of-origin effects in ADHD candidate genes.
abstract: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common early-onset childhood disorder with a strong genetic component. Results from previous studies have suggested that there may be a parent-of-origin effect for ADHD candidate genes. In particular, a recent investigation identified a pattern of paternal over-transmission of risk alleles for nine ADHD candidate genes. We examined this phenomenon in a sample of 291 trios for five genes previously associated with ADHD (HTR1B, SNAP-25, DRD5, DAT1, and BDNF). Using a dense map of markers and two analytic methods in this relatively large family-based sample, we do not find any evidence for significant paternal over-transmission of risk alleles in these candidate loci. Thus, we conclude that a substantial parent-of-origin effect is unlikely for these leading ADHD candidate genes.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. jwkim@partners.org
authors.forename: Jang Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Irwin D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Waldman
authors.forename: Stephen V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Faraone
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Biederman
authors.forename: Alysa E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Doyle
authors.forename: Shaun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Purcell
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arbeitman
authors.forename: Jesen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fagerness
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sklar
authors.forename: Jordan W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Smoller
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000235:genetics*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D044302:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B / Q000235:genetics; D050641:Receptors, Dopamine D5 / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D050825:Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; C493605:DRD5 protein, human; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; C470302:HTR1B protein, human; D044302:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B; C493214:SLC6A3 protein, human; C494208:SNAP25 protein, human; D050825:Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25; D050641:Receptors, Dopamine D5