Immunization strategies for the prevention of pneumovirus infections.
Pneumoviruses, which are viruses of the family Paramyxoviridae, subfamily Pneumovirinae, are pathogens that infect the respiratory tract of their host species. The human pneumovirus pathogen, human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), has counterparts that infect cows (bovine RSV), sheep (ovine RSV), goats (caprine RSV) and rodents (pneumonia virus of mice). Each pneumovirus is host specific and results in a spectrum of disease, ranging from mild upper-respiratory illness to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia with significant morbidity and mortality. Given the public health burden caused by human RSV and the concomitant agricultural impact of bovine RSV, these two viruses are considered as prime targets for the development of safe and effective vaccines. In this review, we describe the strategies used to develop vaccines against human and bovine RSV and introduce the pneumonia virus mouse model as a novel and invaluable tool for preclinical studies and new vaccine strategies.
Bennett
Nicholas
N
Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
Ellis
John
J
Bonville
Cynthia
C
Rosenberg
Helene
H
Domachowske
Joseph
J
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D029122:Murine pneumonia virus / Q000276:immunology; D018186:Pneumovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D018112:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine / Q000276:immunology*; D018113:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated