title: A single IGF1 allele is a major determinant of small size in dogs.
abstract: The domestic dog exhibits greater diversity in body size than any other terrestrial vertebrate. We used a strategy that exploits the breed structure of dogs to investigate the genetic basis of size. First, through a genome-wide scan, we identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 15 influencing size variation within a single breed. Second, we examined genetic variation in the 15-megabase interval surrounding the QTL in small and giant breeds and found marked evidence for a selective sweep spanning a single gene (IGF1), encoding insulin-like growth factor 1. A single IGF1 single-nucleotide polymorphism haplotype is common to all small breeds and nearly absent from giant breeds, suggesting that the same causal sequence variant is a major contributor to body size in all small dogs.
authors.affiliation: National Human Genome Research Institute, Building 50, Room 5349, 50 South Drive MSC 8000, Bethesda, MD 20892-8000, USA.
authors.forename: Nathan B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Sutter
authors.forename: Carlos D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Bustamante
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chase
authors.forename: Melissa M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Keyan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Badri
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Padhukasahasram
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karlins
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Paul G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Quignon
authors.forename: Gary S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Heidi G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: Neale
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fretwell
authors.forename: Dana S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Mosher
authors.forename: Dennis F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Lawler
authors.forename: Ebenezer
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Satyaraj
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nordborg
authors.forename: K Gordon
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Lark
authors.forename: Robert K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Wayne
authors.forename: Elaine A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Ostrander
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D049628:Body Size / Q000235:genetics; D001947:Breeding; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005091:Exons; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006579:Heterozygote; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007438:Introns; D009154:Mutation; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I