title: Nutritional status of affluent Indian school children: what and how much do we know?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper reviews available literature on nutritional status of Indian school children 6-18 years from middle and high socio economic status (MHSES).
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature search was conducted using Medline literature database search, followed by review of full length journal papers and unpublished materials such as research reports.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Studies showed that anemia prevalence (hemoglobin concentration <120 g/L) ranged from 19 to 88% across five different cities in India. Other micronutrient deficiencies including, folate, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C, vitamin A, and vitamin B12 were also present based on biochemical parameters in one study and clinical signs of deficiency in three other studies. Overweight and obesity were prevalent among 8.5-29.0% and 1.5-7.4% respectively among school children, as indicated by 11 studies. Predominant components in children's diet were cereals and pulses, followed by milk and milk products; the fruits and vegetables component was comparatively lower.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nutritional status of MHSES children in India needs attention especially with respect to the high prevalence of anemia, overweight and obesity. There are indications that micronutrient deficiencies exist, but sufficient data are lacking, in particular biochemical data. A current estimate, using well designed methodologies, of prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies and information on the etiology of anemia among children of MHSES groups would be valuable to help understand the nutritional status and extent of micronutrient malnutrition.
authors.affiliation: Hindustan Lever Limited (Research Center), Bangalore, India. bsgowri@hotmail.com
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Srihari
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eilander
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muthayya
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Kurpad
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seshadri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D050177:Overweight; D015995:Prevalence; D012923:Social Class