title: Localization of bone marrow stromal cells in injured spinal cord treated by intravenous route depends on the hemorrhagic lesions in traumatized spinal tissues.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have been reported to improve movement deficit in adult rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). The purpose of this study is to determine the distribution of BMSCs in the spinal cord lesion of the contusion model of SCI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laminectomy was carried out at L1 vertebra level and SCI was carried out using the weight drop method. BMSCs were isolated from adult rats, labeled with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and administered intravenously to the rats 1 week after SCI, which were killed after 4 weeks. The non-treated animals were used as negative control, which showed cavitations of the spinal cord after 5 weeks of SCI. Rats in another group were killed immediately and used to study the hemorrhagic lesions. The volume densities (Vv) of the hemorrhage and cavitation were the highest at the site of direct trauma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The numerical densities of the transmigrated cells per area (Nat) were as follows: 0.3 +/- 0.2, 3.9 +/- 0.4, 5.4 +/- 0.4, 8.4 +/- 0.5, 5.5 +/- 0.3, 3.6 +/- 0.3 and 0.4 +/- 0.2 at the end and the middle of the thoracic vertebra 13 (T13), the region between T13 and the first lumbar vertebra, the middle of L1, the region between L1 and L2, and the middle and the end of L2 vertebra, respectively. The distribution of Nat at the above regions was a Gaussian model. The volume densities of hemorrhage in the spinal cord taken from the above regions showed that hemorrhage with the highest volume density occurred at the impact site and the volume density declined as the samples taken were more distant from the impact site.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The migration of BMSCs in the injured region depends on the amount of the hemorrhage and damage to blood vessels of the spinal cord.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Khalatbary
authors.forename: Taki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tiraihi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000379:methods; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D016011:Normal Distribution; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000502:physiology* / Q000637:transplantation*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine