title: Galectin-3 and CD44v6 positivity by RT-PCR method in fine needle aspirates of benign thyroid lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the presence of macrophages and Hürthle cells (HC) in benign thyroid lesions could explain the false-positive expression of galectin-3 and CD44v6 detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  METHODS
  For galectin-3 and CD44v6, RT-PCR was performed on RNA isolated from aspirates obtained by ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) from 123 patients with benign thyroid lesions. The results of RT-PCR analysis were evaluated against the definitive FNAC diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Galectin-3 expression was found in 29% follicular adenoma (FA), 26% Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), and in 24% nodular goitre (NG). We found a statistically significant relationship between the presence of macrophages and galectin-3 positivity in NG and HT samples (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0087 respectively). We found a statistically significant (P = 0.0219) relationship between the presence of HC and galectin-3 positivity in HT and a tendency of such a relationship (P = 0.0838) in NG. CD44v6 expression was found in 29% FA, 33% HT and in 18% NG. We found a statistically significant relationship between the presence of HC and positive expression of CD44v6 in NG (P = 0.0003) and a strong tendency of such a relationship in HT (P = 0.0571). We did not find a statistically significant relationship between the presence of macrophages and CD44v6 positivity. In FA, we did not find a statistically significant relationship between the presence of macrophages or HC and galectin-3 or CD44v6 positivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the presence of macrophages and/or HC may explain the positive expression of galectin-3 and CD44v6 detected by RT-PCR in HT and NG cytological samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Sisters of Mercy University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia. nmatesa@kbsm.hr
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matesa
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Samija
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kusić
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006044:Goiter, Nodular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050031:Hashimoto Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D024862:Oxyphil Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C112697:CD44v6 antigen; D037502:Galectin 3; D006023:Glycoproteins; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; D012333:RNA, Messenger