title: [Diet and nutrition in nephrolitiasis].
abstract: Nephrolitiasis is a frequent metabolic disease, with a high rate of recurrences. Epidemiological studies reveal that about 80% of all kidney stones are composed of calcium salts (75% calcium oxalate), while about 5% are pure uric acid. Urolithiasis is a multifactorial disease with several underlying disorders of metabolism: that is why diet is an important treatment, especially in the prevention of recurrences. Nutritional intervention is based on a high water intake, physiological calcium intake, modest sodium and animal protein restriction and vitamin C intake <2 gr daily. In case of diagnosed disorders of specific metabolic pathways, a low oxalate, low purine-diet should be advisable.
authors.affiliation: Servizio di Dietetica, Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia.
authors.forename: G A D
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Miggiano
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Migneco
mesh_terms: D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000032:analysis; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004326:Drinking; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000737:chemistry*; D008900:Mineral Waters; D053040:Nephrolithiasis / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D010070:Oxalates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011687:Purines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000032:analysis; D014675:Vegetables
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D008900:Mineral Waters; D010070:Oxalates; D011687:Purines; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D014527:Uric Acid; D001205:Ascorbic Acid