title: Bradykinin into amygdala induces thermal hyperalgesia in rats.
abstract: Bradykinin is one of the most potent endogenous algesic substances and its role in pain transmission has been intensively studied in the periphery. However, the action of this peptide in central structures involved in pain transmission remains unclear. Administration of bradykinin (0.25 nmol/site) into the right amygdala of adult male Wistar rats induced thermal hyperalgesia, evaluated in the paw-flick test. Bradykinin-induced hyperalgesia was abolished by co-administration with the B(2) receptor antagonist Hoe 140 (5 pmol/site), the NMDA antagonist MK-801 (5 nmol/site), the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin (10 nmol/site) and the glial metabolic inhibitor fluorocitrate (1 nmol/site). Since the intra-amygdala administration of bradykinin did not alter spontaneous locomotion in the open-field test, it is unlikely that the current described hyperalgesic effect of bradykinin is due to an unspecific action on motor activity. These findings provide evidence that bradykinin, through activation of amygdalar B(2) receptors induces hyperalgesia and that glutamatergic- and prostanoid-mediated mechanisms are involved in such effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Dalmolin
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: N A V
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Bellé
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Mello
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Calixto
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065168:Bradykinin Receptor Antagonists; D002951:Citrates / Q000378:metabolism; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000378:metabolism; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000378:metabolism; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism; D010147:Pain Measurement; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D065168:Bradykinin Receptor Antagonists; D002951:Citrates; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; C007744:fluorocitrate; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; C065679:icatibant; D001920:Bradykinin; D007213:Indomethacin