title: Prevalence of depression in older people in England and Wales: the MRC CFA Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Depression in old age is an important public health problem. The aims of this study were to report the prevalence of depression in the Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study (MRC CFAS), a community-based, cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Following screening of 13 004 people aged 65 and over from a population base, a stratified random subsample of 2640 participants received the Geriatric Mental State (GMS) examination and were diagnosed using the Automated Geriatric Examination for Computer-Assisted Taxonomy (AGECAT) algorithm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of depression was 8.7% [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.3-10.2], increasing to 9.7% if subjects with concurrent dementia were included. Depression was more common in women (10.4%) than men (6.5%) and was associated with functional disability, co-morbid medical disorder, and social deprivation. Prevalence remained high into old age, but after adjustment for other associated factors, it was lower in the older age groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of depression in the elderly is high and remains high into old age, perhaps due to increased functional disability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge University, UK. fm257@cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: Fiona A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: McDougall
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kvaal
authors.forename: Fiona E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Paykel
authors.forename: Peter B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Dewey
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brayne
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010552:Personality Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014852:Wales