title: Increased risk of depressive disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with several metabolic complications. A few small studies have also suggested an increased risk of depression in women with PCOS. The goals of this study were to estimate the prevalence of depressive disorders in women with PCOS compared with controls and to evaluate the correlation between depression, hyperandrogenism, and other metabolic markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women with PCOS (Rotterdam criteria; n = 103). Women without PCOS seen during the same time period for an annual exam were used as control subjects (n = 103).
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders Patient Health Questionnaire (PRIME-MD PHQ) and the Beck Depression Inventory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Depressive disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women with PCOS were at an increased risk for depressive disorders (new cases) compared with controls (21% vs. 3%; odds ratio 5.11 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26-20.69]; P<.03). The overall risk of depressive disorders in women with PCOS was 4.23 (95% CI 1.49-11.98; P<.01) independent of obesity and infertility. Compared with the nondepressed PCOS subjects, the depressed PCOS subjects had a higher body mass index (BMI) and evidence of insulin resistance (P<.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report a significantly increased risk of depressive disorders (as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV) in women with PCOS and recommend routine screening in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hollinrake
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maifeld
authors.forename: Bradley J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Van Voorhis
authors.forename: Anuja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dokras
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires