title: Meta-analysis of neuropsychological symptoms of adolescents and adults with PKU.
abstract: Phenylketonuria (PKU; OMIM 261600) is an autosomal recessive inborn error of phenylanaline metabolism. PKU is characterized by deficient or defective phenylalanine hydroxylase activity and persistantly increased levels of the essential amino acid phenylalanine in the circulation. The present article examines current understanding of the etiology of PKU, along with a meta-analysis examining neuropsychological and intellectual presentations in continuously treated adolescents and adults. Patients with PKU differed significantly from controls on Full-Scale IQ, processing speed, attention, inhibition, and motor control. Future research utilizing an integrative approach and detailed analysis of specific cognitive domains will assist both the scientist and clinician, and ultimately the patient.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. jonson.moyle@brainresource.com
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Moyle
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arthur
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bynevelt
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Burnett
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010661:Phenylketonurias / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D011596:Psychomotor Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010649:Phenylalanine