title: [Survey of risk factors and renal disease in first-degree relatives of dialysis patients].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been established that first-degree relatives of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a higher CKD risk than the overall population. This paper deals with the relative frequency of CKD markers and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors within first-degree relatives of ESRD patients in Argentina.
  
  
  METHODS
  810 family members volunteered to participate; of them 668 over 18 ys. old. Trained nurses interviewed them and completed a questionnaire dealing with family history of renal and cardiovascular disease. Blood pressure, urine and blood analysis and anthropometric data were collected. Selected parameters were: smoking habit, presence of high blood pressure, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, high plasma creatinine and creatinine clearance estimated by MDRD formula, proteinuria and microalbuminuria. In pediatric population, weight and blood pressure parameters were evaluated as percentiles. CKD were classified in stage (National Kidney Foundation).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The relative frequencies were: CKD: 29.6%; proteinuria: 13.9%; microalbuminuria: 8.7%. The prevalence values found for main CV risks factors, adjusted by sex and age, were: high blood pressure= 41.8%; overweight/obesity by BMI= 62.1%, hypercholesterolemia= 42.9% and hyperglycemia= 5.2%. Smoking habit was present in 34.8%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence of overweight/obesity, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia in first-degree relatives of ESRD patients is higher than previously communicated in studies of national reference populations. Prevalence of CKD is high, estimated as three-fold higher than for a general population as reported in poblational studies. These results support the fact that first-degree relatives of ESRD patients, as has been established elsewhere, constitute a population at high risk for developing ESRD.
authors.affiliation: Program de Salud Renal FMC Argentina. felipe.inserra@fmc-ag.com
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Inserra
authors.forename: German
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de la Llave
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alpino
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Castagna
authors.forename: Ismael
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: de la Fuente
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dorado
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Norbis
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pinelli
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puddu
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vivas
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marelli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001118:Argentina / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D009679:Nuclear Family; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000652:urine; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003404:Creatinine