title: Pacing-related acute pulmonary edema and mechanical asynchrony illustrated by three-dimensional echocardiography.
abstract: Sick sinus syndrome with symptomatic bradycardia is an indication for a permanent pacemaker. Either a single (AAIR) or dual-chamber (DDDR) pacemaker can be implanted in these patients with normal atrioventricular nodal function. This report presents a 92-year-old male with right ventricular apical pacing related recurrent acute pulmonary edema and mechanical asynchrony demonstrated by three-dimensional echocardiogram. Although three-dimensional echocardiography has been available for many years, it has seldom been applied to evaluate pacing-related intraventricular asynchrony. The systolic asynchrony index for this patient was 6.7% during AAIR pacing mode and 22% during DDDR pacing mode.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 199, Tunhwa N. Road, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chia-Tung
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chun-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Nazar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Luqman
authors.forename: Chi-Tai
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001283:Atrioventricular Node / Q000502:physiology; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012804:Sick Sinus Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D018754:Ventricular Dysfunction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology