Stevens-Johnson syndrome due to concomitant use of lamotrigine and valproic acid.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a rare but life-threatening acute mucocutaneous hypersensitivity reaction, usually related to drugs. Severe cutaneous adverse effects such as SJS and toxic epidermal necrolysis can arise during treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). A 23-year-old female patient with idiopathic epilepsy was referred to the emergency service with fever, oral and genital mucosal lesions, generalized rash, and weakness. She had been taking carbamazepine, valproic acid, and lamotrigine until 1 week prior to referral. Following consultations with a range of clinicians, the patient was diagnosed with SJS related to lamotrigine on the basis of her history and physical findings, and on consideration of current consensus definitions of this condition. The patient was followed up and treated in the emergency intensive care unit with intravenous fluids, antibacterial therapy, and methylprednisolone. After 18 days, the patient was considered to have made a sufficient recovery and was discharged. Patients who undergo therapy with AEDs, particularly new users of these agents, should be informed of and monitored for possible systemic and cutaneous adverse effects of AEDs. Polytherapy should be avoided for as long as possible as this increases the frequency of adverse effects, and treatment should be discontinued if any rash appears.
Kocak
Sedat
S
Department of Emergency Medicine, Selcuk University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey. sedatk@selcuk.edu.tr
Girisgin
Sadik A
SA
Gul
Mehmet
M
Cander
Basar
B
Kaya
Halil
H
Kaya
Esengul
E
D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077213:Lamotrigine; D013262:Stevens-Johnson Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced*; D014227:Triazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
D000927:Anticonvulsants; D014227:Triazines; D002220:Carbamazepine; D014635:Valproic Acid; D000077213:Lamotrigine