title: Sacral nerve stimulation for neurogenic faecal incontinence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) has emerged as a promising technique for the treatment of faecal incontinence. This study assessed the outcome of SNS in a cohort of patients with incontinence of neurological aetiology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six patients were included in a trial of SNS. Twenty-nine subsequently had a permanent implant. Evaluation consisted of a continence diary, anal manometry, saline retention testing and quality of life assessment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a median follow-up of 35 (range 3-71) months, 28 patients showed a marked improvement in or complete recovery of continence. Incontinence to solid or liquid stool decreased from a median of 7 (range 4-15) to 2 (range 0-5) episodes in 21 days (P = 0.002). Saline retention time increased from a median of 2 (range 0-5) to 7 (range 2-15) min (P = 0.002). Maximum resting and squeeze anal canal pressures increased compared with preoperative values. Quality of life on all scales among patients who received a permanent implant increased at 12 and 24 months after operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SNS is of value in selected patients with neurogenic faecal incontinence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Danube Hospital, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Holzer
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Novi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ausch
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hölbling
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schiessel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008160:Lumbosacral Plexus; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome