title: Antimicrobial use at a university hospital: appropriate or misused? A qualitative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the quality of antimicrobial drug use in a university hospital medical department (Department of Medicine, University Hospital Rijeka, Croatia) with 279 hospital-beds in wards containing patients from endocrinology, gastroenterology, hematology, clinical immunology, cardiology and coronary care unit, nephrology and pulmonology sections of the hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The appropriateness of antimicrobial treatment for all in-patients in the Department of Medicine was assessed in a prospective, longitudinal survey carried out during a 21-week period using Kunin's criteria where Categories I and II indicate "appropriate therapy", Categories III and IV indicate major deficiency in the choice or use of antimicrobials. Category V indicates unjustified antimicrobial administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, a total of 438 patients were treated with antimicrobials in the Department of Medicine. Of these, 159 (36%) received antimicrobials appropriately (Category I and II), 180 (41%) needed antimicrobials (Category III and IV) but they should have been prescribed differently. The main reason for inappropriate antimicrobial treatment was the wrong choice of antimicrobials (broad-spectrum where a narrow spectrum antibiotic would have been sufficient). In the case of 99 patients (23%) an indication for antimicrobial therapy did not exist (Category V).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The main reason for suboptimal use of antimicrobials was the over-prescribing of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. This situation should be corrected e.g. by changes in the post-graduate medical teaching program.
authors.affiliation: Department for Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Center Rijeka, University of Rijeka Medical School, Rijeka, Croatia. vvlahovic@inet.hr
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vlahovic-Palcevski
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Francetic
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Palcevski
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Novak
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abram
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bergman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017523:Croatia; D004363:Drug Utilization; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents