title: Gastrocnemius medialis and vastus lateralis oxygenation during whole-body vibration exercise.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different whole-body vibration (WBV) frequencies on oxygenation of vastus lateralis (VL) and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscles during static squatting in sedentary and physically active healthy males.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty volunteers (age: 24.6 +/- 2.9 yr; body mass: 80.6 +/- 11.8 kg; height: 178.1 +/- 7.6 cm) participated in this study. Ten subjects were sedentary individuals and 10 were athletes practicing different sports. All subjects completed four trials (control, and 30-, 40-, and 50-Hz WBV) in a randomized controlled crossover design. The trials consisted of static squatting on a vibrating platform for a total duration of 110 s. Muscle-oxygenation status was recorded with near-infrared spectroscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The data analysis revealed no significant treatment-by-time interactions in tissue-oxygenation index (TOI) or Delta total hemoglobin volume (tHb) in VL and GM muscles. A significant main effect of time in TOI of both VL and GM muscles was identified (P<0.001). VL TOI significantly decreased by 2.8% at 90 s in the control condition and by 3.3% at 110 s in the 30-Hz condition; VL TOI significantly increased by 2.1 and 3.0% at 30 s in the 40- and 50-Hz conditions, respectively. GM TOI significantly decreased by 3.2% at 60 s, by 4.1% at 90 s, and by 4.3% at 110 s in the control condition, and by 5.5% at 110 s in the 30-Hz condition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that WBV exercise with frequencies of 30, 40, and 50 Hz and small amplitudes does not affect muscle oxygenation of VL and GM muscles to a higher degree than a nonvibration condition.
authors.affiliation: Olympic Medical Institute, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, United Kingdom. Marco.Cardinale@boa.org.uk
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cardinale
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Quaresima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000502:physiology*; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; D006113:United Kingdom; D014732:Vibration