title: Effects of dietary equol on body weight gain, intra-abdominal fat accumulation, plasma lipids, and glucose tolerance in ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of dietary equol, a metabolite of the phytoestrogen daidzein, on body weight gain, intra-abdominal fat accumulation, plasma leptin, lipids, and glucose tolerance in ovariectomized rats and to compare them to the effects of 17beta-estradiol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized and fed soy-free chow with the addition of estradiol-3 benzoate (E2B) (10 mg/kg, n=10) or equol (400 mg/kg, n=10). The control group (n=8) received soy-free chow only. Weight and food intake were recorded once weekly. After 6 weeks, intra-abdominal fat was measured using computed tomography, and the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was performed. In the seventh week, the animals were killed, blood was collected for plasma, and uteri were removed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dietary equol significantly increased uterine mass. This effect was, however, 3.5 times lower in magnitude compared to E2B. Similar to E2B, dietary equol decreased weight gain, intra-abdominal fat accumulation, and plasma leptin levels. Equol-treated animals had also lower plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared to controls. E2B treatment also decreased plasma total cholesterol as well as high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In the glucose tolerance test, the area under the curve was significantly smaller in the E2B- and equol-treated animals compared to controls. Also, E2B-treated animals had lower fasting plasma insulin levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In ovariectomized rats, dietary equol administration attenuates weight gain and shows favorable metabolic effects. However, because of its mild uterotrophic activity, its use in the prevention of postmenopausal weight gain and related metabolic disorders in women with an intact uterus is questionable in terms of safety and warrants further studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. drachon@amg.gda.pl
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rachoń
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vortherms
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Seidlová-Wuttke
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wuttke
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D060754:Equol; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010052:Ovariectomy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: C007610:4',7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydroisoflavone; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D007529:Isoflavones; D060754:Equol; D002784:Cholesterol