title: Risk of lung cancer and past use of cannabis in Tunisia.
abstract: The association between the use of cannabis and the risk of lung cancer is unclear. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted among men in Tunisia and included 149 incident lung cancer cases and 188 controls. Tobacco smoking was significantly associated with an increased risk of lung cancer with odds ratios increasing linearly (p for trend < 0.0001) from 3.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-10.9) for former smokers to 17.1 (95% CI: 6.3-46.3) among current smokers who had smoked for >35 years. The odds ratio for the past use of cannabis and lung cancer was 4.1 (95% CI: 1.9-9.0) after adjustment for age, tobacco use, and occupational exposures. No clear dose-response relationship was observed between the risk of lung cancer and the intensity or duration of cannabis use. This study suggests that smoking cannabis may be a risk factor for lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Tobacco and Cancer Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Voirin
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berthiller
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Benhaïm-Luzon
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boniol
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Straif
authors.forename: Wided Ben
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Ayoub
authors.forename: Fahrat Ben
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Ayed
authors.forename: Annie J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sasco
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002188:Cannabis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015994:Incidence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011336:Probability; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014416:Tunisia / Q000453:epidemiology