title: Molecular characterization of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene in congenital absence of the vas deferens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Approximately 20% of patients with congenital absence of the vas deferens remain without two mutations identified. We applied a strategy of serial screening steps to 45 patients with congenital absence of the vas deferens and characterized cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutations in all cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  DNA samples of 45 patients with congenital absence of the vas deferens were screened by successive different molecular genetics approaches.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initial screening for the 31 most frequent cystic fibrosis mutations, IVS8 poly(TG)m, poly(T)n, and M470V polymorphisms, identified 8 different mutations in 40 patients (88.9%). Extensive cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene analysis by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography, and DNA sequencing detected 17 further mutations, of which three were novel. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene rearrangements were searched by semiquantitative fluorescent multiplex polymerase chain reaction, which detected a CFTRdele2,3 (21 kb) large deletion and confirmed two homozygous mutations. Overall, 42 patients (93.3%) had two mutations and 3 patients (6.7%) had one mutation detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present screening strategy allowed a higher mutation detection rate than previous studies, with at least one cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutation found in all patients with congenital absence of the vas deferens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal. anafg@med.up.pt
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grangeia
authors.forename: Rosália
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sá
authors.forename: Filipa
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Josiane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Girodon
authors.forename: Joaquina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Luís
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferráz
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: Mário
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sousa
mesh_terms: D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator / Q000235:genetics*; D005832:Genital Diseases, Male / Q000151:congenital / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D014649:Vas Deferens / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C505032:CFTR protein, human; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator