title: Methylmercury toxicity and functional programming.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adverse health effects of developmental toxicants may induce abnormal functional programming that leads to lasting functional deficits. This notion is considered from epidemiological evidence using developmental methylmercury neurotoxicity as an example.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Accumulating evidence indicates that adverse effects may occur even at low-level methylmercury exposures from seafood and freshwater fish. Neurobehavioral outcomes are usually non-specific, and imprecise exposure assessment results in a bias toward the null. Essential nutrients may promote the development of certain brain functions, thereby causing confounding bias. The functional deficits caused by prenatal methylmercury exposure appear to be permanent, and their extent may depend on the joint effect of toxicants and nutrients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lasting functional changes caused by neurodevelopmental methylmercury toxicity fit into the pattern of functional programming, with effects opposite to those linked to beneficial stimuli.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Landmark Center, 3-110E, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA 02215, USA. pgrandjean@health.sdu.dk
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grandjean
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008767:Methylmercury Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000209:etiology; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*; D014876:Water Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D008767:Methylmercury Compounds