title: The impact of nursing on patient and organizational outcomes.
abstract: The impact of nursing on patient and organizational outcomes has received significant attention from researchers in the past 10 years. Although some research has been based on a theoretical framework, to date, there has not been one, consistent framework that can guide this research. In addition, the frameworks that have been used do not identify nursing as the pivotal concept in the model. The purpose of this article is to identify a framework to guide such research with an emphasis on nursing as the essential concept. Unit culture, nurse staffing, staffing mix, and other variables do not have a direct effect on outcomes. It is only through these variables' influence on the delivery of nursing care that outcomes are affected.
authors.affiliation: Primary Care, Veterans Integrated Network Services, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Amelia M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Joseph
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D003659:Decision Making, Organizational; D005544:Forecasting; D006272:Health Facility Environment / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D007857:Leadership; D016294:Models, Nursing; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D015401:Nursing Administration Research / Q000458:organization & administration*; D009732:Nursing Care / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000523:psychology; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research / Q000458:organization & administration*; D009740:Nursing Staff / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000523:psychology; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling; D010563:Personnel Turnover; D017009:Professional Autonomy; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D011787:Quality of Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D012107:Research Design; D017749:Total Quality Management / Q000458:organization & administration