Effects of soluble fiber (Plantago ovata husk) on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins in men with ischemic heart disease.
BACKGROUND
New dietary strategies to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk include the addition of fiber to the diet. The effect of soluble-fiber consumption derived from Plantago ovata husk on lipid risk factors in patients with CVD is unknown.


OBJECTIVE
We compared the effects of soluble fiber (P. ovata husk) with those of insoluble fiber (P. ovata seeds) on plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein (apo) concentrations within a CVD secondary prevention program.


METHODS
In a randomized, crossover, controlled, single-blind design, 28 men with CVD (myocardial infarction or stable angina) and an LDL-cholesterol concentration </=3.35 mmol/L consumed for 8 wk, under controlled conditions, a low-saturated-fat diet supplemented with 10.5 g P. ovata husk/d or 10.5 g P. ovata seeds/d. Fasting plasma lipid concentrations and polymorphisms of genes involved in lipid metabolism, such as apo A-IV, apo E, and fatty acid-binding protein, were measured.


RESULTS
Plasma triacylglycerol decreased (6.7%; P < 0.02), the ratio of apo B 100 to apo A-I decreased (4.7%; P < 0.02), and apo A-I increased (4.3%; P < 0.01) in the P. ovata husk consumers. Compared with the intake of insoluble fiber, the intake of P. ovata husk increased HDL-cholesterol concentrations by 6.7% (P = 0.006) and decreased the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol and of LDL to HDL cholesterol by 10.6% (P = 0.002) and 14.2% (P = 0.003), respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
In the secondary prevention of CVD, P. ovata husk intake induces a more beneficial effect on the cardiovascular lipid risk-factor profile than does an equivalent intake of insoluble fiber.
Solà
Rosa
R
Unitat de Recerca de Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IRCIS, Reus, Spain. rosa.sola@urv.cat
Godàs
Gemma
G
Ribalta
Josep
J
Vallvé
Joan-Carles
JC
Girona
Josefa
J
Anguera
Anna
A
Ostos
Maadoracion
M
Recalde
Delia
D
Salazar
Juliana
J
Caslake
Muriel
M
Martín-Luján
Francisco
F
Salas-Salvadó
Jordi
J
Masana
Lluís
L
D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010943:Plantago; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012995:Solubility
D001053:Apolipoproteins; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins