title: HIF-2alpha promotes hypoxic cell proliferation by enhancing c-myc transcriptional activity.
abstract: HIF-2alpha promotes von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-deficient renal clear cell carcinoma (RCC) tumorigenesis, while HIF-1alpha inhibits RCC growth. As HIF-1alpha antagonizes c-Myc function, we hypothesized that HIF-2alpha might enhance c-Myc activity. We demonstrate here that HIF-2alpha promotes cell-cycle progression in hypoxic RCCs and multiple other cell lines. This correlates with enhanced c-Myc promoter binding, transcriptional effects on both activated and repressed target genes, and interactions with Sp1, Miz1, and Max. Finally, HIF-2alpha augments c-Myc transformation of primary mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs). Enhanced c-Myc activity likely contributes to HIF-2alpha-mediated neoplastic progression following loss of the VHL tumor suppressor and influences the behavior of hypoxic tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Gordan
authors.forename: Jessica A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bertout
authors.forename: Cheng-Jun
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: J Alan
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Diehl
authors.forename: M Celeste
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Simon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D002453:Cell Cycle; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D050828:Protein Inhibitors of Activated STAT / Q000378:metabolism; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1
chemical_list: D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D050828:Protein Inhibitors of Activated STAT; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; C068422:Max protein, mouse; C485521:Miz1 protein, mouse