title: Silica-immobilized enzymes for multi-step synthesis in microfluidic devices.
abstract: The combinatorial synthesis of 2-aminophenoxazin-3-one (APO) in a microfluidic device is reported. Individual microfluidic chips containing metallic zinc, silica-immobilized hydroxylaminobenzene mutase and silica-immobilized soybean peroxidase are connected in series to create a chemo-enzymatic system for synthesis. Zinc catalyzes the initial reduction of nitrobenzene to hydroxylaminobenzene which undergoes a biocatalytic conversion to 2-aminophenol, followed by enzymatic polymerization to APO. Silica-immobilization of enzymes allows the rapid stabilization and integration of the biocatalyst within a microfluidic device with minimal preparation. The system proved suitable for synthesis of a complex natural product (APO) from a simple substrate (nitrobenzene) under continuous flow conditions.
authors.affiliation: Air Force Research Laboratory, 139 Barnes Drive, Tyndall AFB, Florida 32403, USA.
authors.forename: Heather R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Luckarift
authors.forename: Bosung S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: Jonathan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Dordick
authors.forename: Jim C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Spain
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry*; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D009578:Nitrobenzenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D010078:Oxazines / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D010078:Oxazines; C005512:3-aminophenoxazone; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; C036077:nitrobenzene; D010088:Oxidoreductases