title: Preparation and use of Coppersensor-1, a synthetic fluorophore for live-cell copper imaging.
abstract: Coppersensor-1 (CS1) is a small-molecule, membrane-permeable fluorescent dye for imaging labile copper pools in biological samples, including live cells. This probe, comprising a boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) chromophore coupled to a thioether-rich receptor, has a picomolar affinity for Cu+ with high selectivity over competing cellular metal ions. CS1 fluorescence increases up to 10-fold on binding to Cu+. In this protocol we describe the synthesis of CS1 and how to use this chemical tool to investigate intracellular levels of labile copper in cultured cells. The preparation of CS1 is anticipated to take 4-5 d, and imaging assays can be performed in 1-2 d with cultured cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Evan W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Dylan W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Domaille
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001896:Boron Compounds; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D013440:Sulfides; D003300:Copper