title: Acute toxicity of sodium arsenite in a complex food matrix.
abstract: Acute toxicity of a single oral dose of sodium arsenite (As), administered in half and half cream (HH), was assessed in male and non-pregnant female rats (0.41, 4.1, 41.0 and 410.0mg/kg body weight) and pregnant rats (0.41, 4.1 and 41.0mg/kg body weight). Control rats received deionized water alone, HH alone or 41.0mg/kg As in deionized water (41 mg/kg As-water). Male and non-pregnant rats were monitored for 14 consecutive days post-dosing. Pregnant rats, dosed on gestation day 10 (GD-10), were monitored until fetuses were collected on GD 20. High mortality (100%) was observed in male and non-pregnant female rats exposed to 410.0mg/kg As-HH. Low mortality (25%) was observed in non-pregnant female rats exposed to 41 mg/kg As-water. No mortality was observed in other control or treated groups. Reduced female fetal numbers were observed in the 41 mg/kg As-water group but not in the other control groups. Developmental effects were not observed in the controls or the As-HH treatment groups. In conclusion, As toxicity was not reduced when a high dose (410 mg/kg) was administered in HH however, at lower doses (41 mg/kg), HH reduced acute As oral toxicity in the female and developing fetus.
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Division of Toxicology, 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, United States. rsprando@cfsan.fda.gov
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Sprando
authors.forename: T F X
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Olejnik
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramos-Valle
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ruggles
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D018053:Arsenites / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005327:Fetal Resorption / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000196:embryology; D005506:Food Contamination; D005865:Gestational Age; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017670:Sodium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D015996:Survival Rate; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014867:Water / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018053:Arsenites; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D017670:Sodium Compounds; D014867:Water; C017947:sodium arsenite