title: A comparative study of HIV/AIDS: the knowledge, attitudes, and risk behaviors of schizophrenic and diabetic patients in regard to HIV/AIDS in Nigeria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies on knowledge and risk behaviors related to HIV/AIDS reported from developed countries have shown that people with psychiatric disorders constitute a special risk group. In Nigeria, although similar studies have been conducted on various population groups, there has, so far, been no reported study on people suffering from psychiatric disorders.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study set out to compare knowledge, attitudes, and risk behaviors related to HIV/AIDS among schizophrenic patients and diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-eight consecutive schizophrenic patients attending the outpatient clinics of a psychiatric hospital over a period of 8 weeks completed an interviewer's administered questionnaire. The interview covered demographics, risk behaviors, knowledge related to HIV/AIDS, and patients' attitudes toward people infected with HIV/AIDS. Their responses were compared with those of 56 diabetic patients who were similarly interviewed in a teaching hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the diabetic patients, the schizophrenic patients were significantly less sexually active in the previous 12 months (P < .05). They had more misconceptions about HIV/AIDS and were less tolerant towards people living with HIV/AIDS compared with the diabetic patients. They were also more likely to engage in high-risk behaviors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mental health providers rarely educate psychiatric patients about HIV/AIDS and should be more involved in doing so. Despite being less sexually active, patients with schizophrenia engaged in risk behaviors as did the diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Department of Medicine, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria. waleogunsemi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Olawale O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Ogunsemi
authors.forename: Rahmaan A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lawal
authors.forename: Gbenga T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Okulate
authors.forename: Christopher O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Alebiosu
authors.forename: Michael O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Olatawura
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology