title: Strategies for managing anemia in hepatitis C patients undergoing antiviral therapy.
abstract: Anemia is a common side effect that begins soon after the initiation of peginterferon/ribavirin in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. It can cause symptoms that negatively impact quality of life (QOL) and is the most common reason for reducing the dose and temporarily or permanently discontinuing ribavirin. Such dose modifications have been shown to reduce the efficacy of treatment. Administering erythropoietin can improve anemia caused by peginterferon and ribavirin therapy and is more effective than dose reduction at improving QOL during treatment. However, erythropoietin, which is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in patients with HCV infection, adds another parenteral drug to the patient's treatment regimen, and is associated with additional costs, inconvenience, and potential side effects. A new ribavirin analog, viramidine, is expected to be associated with a lower incidence of anemia and, if proven effective, may eventually be substituted for ribavirin in combination with peginterferon to treat chronic hepatitis C. In the meantime, physicians must make the best possible use of the available options for managing anemia, especially in select patient groups who are most at risk for anemia and its complications.
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Division of Gastroenterology Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27705, USA.
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: McHutchison
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Manns
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: K Rajender
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: Mitchell L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Shiffman
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011788:Quality of Life; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin; D012254:Ribavirin; C026956:taribavirin