Diagnostic criteria and follow-up parameters in complex regional pain syndrome type I--a Delphi survey.
BACKGROUND
Although the current clinical guideline of diagnostic criteria for the complex regional pain syndrome I (CRPS I) is a landmark endeavour to define this complex condition it does not prioritise its most important clinical manifestations.


OBJECTIVE
We set out to obtain an expert agreed priority list of diagnostic and follow-up parameters in the diagnosis and management of CRPS I.


METHODS
A two round Delphi survey: We asked international experts to list (first round) and weight (second round) parameters (scale 1-10) they believed to be relevant in diagnosis and follow-up. Median ratings and interquartile ranges (IQR) were calculated. Rates 7 and IQR 3 depicted important and expert agreed parameters.


RESULTS
Thirty-two diagnostic and 23 follow-up listings and ratings of 13 experts were available for analysis. In three domains (clinical presentation, further examinations and follow-up) experts agreed on the following parameters, pain (10; 9-10) with its subcategories hyperesthesia (7; 5-8) hyperalgesia (8; 8-8) and allodynia (8; 7-10), signs with oedema (9; 8-10) and colour change (8; 5-8) and mobility with its categories motor change (7; 5-8) and decreased range of motion (8; 8-8). The experts agreed that no further examinations were necessary for diagnosis (10; 8-10). The agreed important follow-up parameter was clinical course (10; 8-10) with its categories decrease in pain (8; 8-9) and hyperalgesia (8; 6-8), decreased oedema (8; 7-10) and improvements in motor function (10; 8-10) and strength (8; 6-9).


CONCLUSIONS
This expert survey conveys an agreed set of relevant diagnostic parameters of CRPS I and proposes that in follow-up examinations treatment success should be based on restoration of those manifestations.
Brunner
Florian
F
Department of Physical Medicine and Rheumatology, Balgrist University Hospital, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland.
Lienhardt
Stephanie B
SB
Kissling
Rudolf O
RO
Bachmann
Lucas M
LM
Weber
Ulrich
U
D003697:Delphi Technique; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology; D005104:Expert Testimony; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000503:physiopathology; D006941:Hyperesthesia / Q000503:physiopathology; D009068:Movement; D053580:Muscle Strength; D010147:Pain Measurement; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012019:Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*