title: The impact on survival of thromboembolic phenomena occurring before and during protocol chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thromboembolic events (TEEs) are considered common in patients with gastroesophageal carcinoma, but their frequency at baseline and during chemotherapy is not known. Because prophylactic anticoagulation results in improved overall survival (OS) of solid tumor patients, the authors hypothesized that TEEs at baseline and during chemotherapy would have an adverse effect on OS.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors analyzed patients with advanced gastroesophageal carcinoma who were treated on 4 prospective chemotherapy Phase II/III trials. Baseline and subsequent TEEs were documented and correlated with OS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the 4 trials, 191 patients received single-agent or a combination of a taxane, camptothecin, platinum, or fluoropyrimidine. At baseline, TEEs occurred in 5.3% of untreated patients compared with 8.5% of previously treated patients (who had received prior treatment for metastatic disease). The median OS was only 3.9 months for patients who had a TEE at any time versus 8.7 months for patients who never developed a TEE (P = .007). TEEs at baseline were correlated with poor median OS in untreated patients (4.9 months vs 8.9 months for patients without a TEE; P = .014). There was no associated between TEEs and the type of chemotherapy used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current results established that TEEs at baseline and/or during chemotherapy are frequent and result in poor OS for patients with advanced gastroesophageal carcinoma. Aggressive methods to treat or prevent TEEs are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Tetzlaff
authors.forename: Arlene M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.forename: Jackie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ensor
authors.forename: Jaffer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ajani
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000150:complications*