Persistent halogenated hydrocarbons in consumer fish of China: regional and global implications for human exposure.
Concentrations of persistent halogenated hydrocarbons (PHHs) were determined in 13 consumer fish species (a total of 390 individuals) collected from a major fish-farming region of China. The potential health risks of PHHs associated with consumption of fish from China was also systematically assessed regionally and globally. In all fish samples, DDTs, HCHs, PCBs, and PBDEs were the predominant PHH residues, with the median levels (ranges) being 6.0 (0.14-698.9), 0.50 (0.13-24.06), 0.10 (< 0.02-7.65), and 0.15 (< 0.0012-3.85) ng/g wet weight, respectively. The upper-bound (90th percentile) values of estimated daily intakes of DDT, HCHs, PCBs, and PBDEs via fish consumption were 45.5, 1.35, 0.46, and 0.30 ng/kg bw/d (urban), and 15.9, 0.47, 0.16, and 0.10 ng/kg bw/d (rural). Globally, the upper-bound outflows via fishery exportation of DDT, HCHs, PCBs, and PBDEs were 185, 5.51, 1.86, and 1.22 kg, respectively, in 2005. Japan was the largest recipient of PHHs, followed by Korea and the United States. Fish consumption assessments indicated that consumption of freshwater farmed and wild marine fish generally does not subject consumers to significant health risk as far as PHHs are concerned, while limited consumption of seawater farmed fish is advised.
Meng
Xiang-Zhou
XZ
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Zeng
Eddy Y
EY
Yu
Li-Ping
LP
Mai
Bi-Xian
BX
Luo
Xiao-Jun
XJ
Ran
Yong
Y
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends*; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005506:Food Contamination; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006846:Hydrocarbons, Halogenated / Q000032:analysis*; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013045:Species Specificity
D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006846:Hydrocarbons, Halogenated; D008055:Lipids