title: Rhythmic auditory stimulation improves gait more than NDT/Bobath training in near-ambulatory patients early poststroke: a single-blind, randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effectiveness of 2 different types of gait training in stroke rehabilitation, rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) versus neurodevelopmental therapy (NDT)/Bobath- based training, was compared in 2 groups of hemiparetic stroke patients over a 3-week period of daily training (RAS group, n = 43; NDT/Bobath group =35).
  
  
  METHODS
  Mean entry date into the study was 21.3 days poststroke for the RAS group and 22.3 days for the control group. Patients entered the study as soon as they were able to complete 5 stride cycles with handheld assistance. Patients were closely equated by age, gender, and lesion site. Motor function in both groups was pre-assessed by the Barthel Index and the Fugl-Meyer Scales.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pre- to posttest measures showed a significant improvement in the RAS group for velocity (P = .006), stride length (P = .0001), cadence (P = .0001) and symmetry (P = .0049) over the NDT/Bobath group. Effect sizes for RAS over NDT/Bobath training were 13.1 m/min for velocity, 0.18 m for stride length, and 19 steps/min for cadence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data show that after 3 weeks of gait training, RAS is an effective therapeutic method to enhance gait training in hemiparetic stroke rehabilitation. Gains were significantly higher for RAS compared to NDT/Bobath training.
authors.affiliation: Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Neuroscience Programs, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. michael.thaut@colostate.edu
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Thaut
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Leins
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Argstatter
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Kenyon
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: McIntosh
authors.forename: H V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Bolay
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fetter
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D012046:Rehabilitation / Q000379:methods; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome