title: Immunohistochemical expression of p16(INK4A) in normal uterine cervix, nonneoplastic epithelial lesions, and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, the authors analyzed the immunoexpression of p16 in high-risk human papillomavirus DNA-negative normal and nonneoplastic cervical epithelia, in low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), high-grade CIN, and squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study, in which 58 normal cervical hysterectomy samples, 56 nonneoplastic cervical biopsies, 88 CIN 1, 33 CIN 2, 32 CIN 3, and 47 invasive squamous cell carcinoma biopsies, were evaluated for p16 immunoexpression. Human papillomavirus tests were also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  p16 immunohistochemistry seems to reveal possible different biological subgroups of lesions among morphologically similar mildly dysplastic cervical epithelia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Distribution patterns of p16 protein might be useful to predict different outcomes in CIN 1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP-E.P.M.), São Paulo, Brazil. gustavo.focchi@terra.com.br
authors.forename: Gustavo R A
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Focchi
authors.forename: Ismael D C G
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Naiara C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Nogueira-de-Souza
authors.forename: Cristine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dobo
authors.forename: Celina T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: João N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Stavale
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000737:chemistry; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000235:genetics; D052161:Human papillomavirus 18 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology / Q000175:diagnosis; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D004279:DNA, Viral