title: Consumption of dairy products and cancer risks.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Relationships between consumption of dairy products and death from various types of cancer are largely unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between April 1992 and July 1995, a baseline survey was conducted for 11,349 residents in 12 communities in Japan, which included collection of demographic data and a self-administered food-frequency questionnaire inquiring about three dairy products: milk, butter and yogurt. The subjects were followed prospectively until 2002. Causes of death were identified using death certificates. Hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each dairy product were calculated using Cox's proportional hazard models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among eight common cancers, only deaths from hematopoietic neoplasm (n=14) were significantly associated with consumption of butter (HR=5.11, 95% CI: 1.40-18.62), though they exhibited a nearly-significant association with milk consumption (HR=3.17, 95% CI: 0.99-10.17), independent of age and sex. Consumption of milk and butter was significantly associated with non-lymphoma deaths (n=9) when adjusted for age and sex (HR=9.86, 95% CI: 1.23-79.19 for milk; and HR=10.04, 95% CI: 2.39-42.18 for butter).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequencies of butter consumption, and probably that of milk, were correlated with death from hematopoietic neoplasm, particularly from non-lymphomas.
authors.affiliation: Division of Community and Family Medicine, Center for Community Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan. matmo10@jb3.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Shizukiyo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Yosikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kayaba
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kajii
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002423:Cause of Death; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires