title: Induction of apoptosis by immature fruits of Prunus salicina Lindl. cv. Soldam in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.
abstract: The goal of this study was to evaluate the anticancer effect of Prunus salicina Lindl. cv. Soldam at three maturity stages (immature, midmature and mature stages). Previous studies have shown that this fruit (plums) possesses hematopoiesis effects, prevents osteoporosis and has anti-mutagenic effects. An acetone extract of immature P. salicina Lindl. cv. Soldam fruit contained higher levels of total phenolics and condensed tannins than midmature and mature plums. The results showed that an acetone extract of immature plums possesses cytotoxic effects, which are related to the activity of the total polyphenols in the fruits. Apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells mediated by the immature plums was associated with an increase in Bax levels and a reduction in Bcl-2 levels and the cleavage of caspase 3, caspase 7, caspase 9 and poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase. These results indicate that immature fruit of P . salicina Lindl. cv. Soldam can be regarded as a safe and promising new dietary source for decreasing the risk of developing breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, The Center for Traditional Microorganism Resources (TMR), Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Hyo Gwon
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: Syng-Ook
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Dong-Cheol
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: In-Seon
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000032:analysis; D053179:Caspase 7 / Q000032:analysis; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000032:analysis; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000032:analysis; D059808:Polyphenols; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis; D027861:Prunus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D013634:Tannins / Q000032:analysis; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D013634:Tannins; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D053148:Caspase 3; D053179:Caspase 7; D053453:Caspase 9