[Risk factors for birth injuries].
OBJECTIVE
To identify risk factors associated with birth trauma.


METHODS
Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Secretaría de Salud.


METHODS
Case-control, prolective study.


METHODS
There were 129 cases and 134 controls.


METHODS
We recorded the following variables: a) maternal and delivery: age, weight, height, prenatal care, pre-existing disease or gestational disease, mode of delivery, anesthetic management during labor, use of external maneuvers or forceps; b) newborn: birth weight, gestational age, academic degree of attendant physician at delivery, and type of birth injury.


RESULTS
The independent risk factors associated to birth injury were: for ecchymoses; general anesthesia (OR 13.7, 95% CI = 3 - 62.6), breech presentation (OR 6.4, 95% IC 95% = 1.4 - 27.9) and gestational age < or = 32 weeks (OR 6.4, 95% CI = 1.3 - 31.1); for lacerations, vaginal dystocic delivery or cesarean section (OR 19, 95% CI = 4.4 - 81.1) and use of external maneuvers (OR 5.6, 95% CI = 1.5 - 21.6); for cephalhematoma maternal height < or = 1.54 m (OR 7.4, 95% CI = 2.3 - 23.7) and external maneuvers (OR 7.2, 95% CI = 2.3 - 23.7); for caput succedaneum, external maneuvers (OR 3.4, 95% CI = 1.5-7.7) and maternal age < or = 19 or > or = 36 years (OR 3.0, 95% CI = 1.4 - 6.4).


CONCLUSIONS
Risk factors associated with birth injuries identified in this study involved maternal conditions, neonatal conditions and mechanism of delivery.
García
Heladia
H
Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales, Hospital de Pediatría CMN SXXI, IMSS. hely1802@yahoo.com.mx
Rubio-Espíritu
Jorge
J
Islas-Rodríguez
Maria Teresa
MT
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001720:Birth Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors