title: A phase II study of irinotecan and carboplatin in advanced non-small cell lung cancer with pharmacogenomic analysis: final report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a phase II study of carboplatin and irinotecan in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition, we studied the correlation between certain genotypes of enzymes involved in irinotecan metabolism with efficacy and toxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with stage IIIB, IV, or recurrent NSCLC received a combination of irinotecan and carboplatin every 3 weeks at a dose of 200 mg/m2 and area under the curve of 5. Pharmacogenomic analysis was performed on several genes of interest (ABCB1, CYP3A4*1B, ERCC2, GSTP1, UGT1A1*28, and XRCC1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-two patients enrolled between December 2001 and January 2004. Six patients achieved partial responses (14%), and 19 (45%) had stable disease. The median progression-free survival was 6.9 months. The median overall survival was 11.7 months, with 1-year overall survival of 42%. The most common toxicities were hematologic; grade 3 or 4 neutropenia was experienced by 26 patients (62%) during treatment, and 15 patients (36%) experienced grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia. The homozygous UGT1A1*28 (7/7) genotype was associated with grade 4 neutropenia in three of four patients (75%), but only eight out of 30 (27%) with 6/6 or 6/7 genotypes experienced grade 4 neutropenia (p = 0.09). None of the 14 patients with the GSTP1 I105V A/A genotype had a partial response, as opposed to five out of 19 (26%) of those with the G/A or G/G genotypes (p = 0.057).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of carboplatin and irinotecan is an active combination in NSCLC, with response rates comparable with other platinum-containing doublets. Further studies with irinotecan should incorporate prospective pharmacogenomic analysis to identify markers for response and toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Giancarlo A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Pillot
authors.forename: William L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Read
authors.forename: Kristin L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Hennenfent
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Avinash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viswanathan
authors.forename: Kristopher
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: Howard L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: McLeod
authors.forename: Ramaswamy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Govindan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D000077146:Irinotecan; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D011336:Probability; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000077146:Irinotecan; D016190:Carboplatin; D002166:Camptothecin