title: A novel type of sequence variation: multiple-nucleotide length polymorphisms discovered in the bovine genome.
abstract: Three types of sequence variations--single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions and deletions (indels), and short tandem repeats (STRs)--have been extensively reported in mammalian genomes. In this study, we discovered a novel type of sequence variation, i.e., multiple-nucleotide length polymorphisms (MNLPs) in bovine UCN3 (Urocortin 3) and its receptor CRHR2 (corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2) genes. Both MNLPs featured involvement of multiple-nucleotide length polymorphisms (5-18 bases), low sequence identity, and 1.7- to 11-fold changes in promoter activity between two alleles. Therefore, this novel genetic complexity would contribute significantly to the evolutionary, functional, and phenotypic complexity of genomes within or among species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6351, USA. jiangz@wsu.edu
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Zeping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kunej
authors.forename: Galen A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Michal
authors.forename: Xiao-Lin
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Nancy S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Magnuson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002417:Cattle / Q000235:genetics*; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics; D005828:Genetics, Population; D016678:Genome / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C101531:CRF receptor type 2; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone