title: Pharmacokinetic study of triptolide, a constituent of immunosuppressive chinese herb medicine, in rats.
abstract: Triptolide is a potential anti-immune agent, and has shown multi-organic toxicity, however its toxic mechanism remained undiscovered. This paper aimed at characterizing the pharmacokinetic profiles of triptolide in rats to provide the clue to approach the toxic mechanism. The absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of triptolide were investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats after single doses of oral and i.v. administration. After oral administration of 0.6, 1.2 and 2.4 mg/kg, the concentration of triptolide in plasma reached the maximum within 15 min, and declined rapidly with an elimination half-life from 16.81 to 21.70 min. The triptolide kinetics was fitted into one-compartment model after i.v. administration. Oral absolute bioavailability was 72.08% at the dose of 0.6 mg/kg. Triptolide was also rapidly distributed and eliminated in all selected tissues. Less than 1% triptolide of the dose was recovered from the bile, urine or feces as parent drug within 48 h. While triptolide could not be detected in tissues and plasma at 4 h post dose, rats in the group C (oral: 1.2 mg/kg) and D (oral: 2.4 mg/kg) showed obvious toxic response to triptolide and some of rats even died out. It was indicated that triptolide was metabolized extensively, eliminated rapidly, and also showed that the toxicity produced by the triptolide was lag behind the exposure concentration.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Guangji
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Haitang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jiye
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: A
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D004224:Diterpenes; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010616:Phenanthrenes; C001899:triptolide