title: Obstructive sleep apnoea adenotonsillectomy in children: when to refer to a centre with a paediatric intensive care unit?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify regional surgical referral patterns for adenotonsillectomy in children with obstructive sleep apnoea to our tertiary centre with paediatric intensive care unit facilities and to establish guidelines for elective paediatric intensive care unit referral and admission.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two methods were used. A questionnaire was sent to ENT consultants in five surrounding hospitals with no in-house paediatric intensive care facilities. The second was a prospective observational study undertaken in our tertiary centre for a sub-set of patients undergoing obstructive sleep apnoea adenotonsillectomy between January 2002 and February 2005. These children were considered high risk as judged clinically by an ENT surgeon. Most had obstructive sleep apnoea and a co-morbidity. Otherwise healthy children with simple obstructive sleep apnoea were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  15 out of 20 consultants responded to the questionnaire. Four referred on the grounds of clinical history, five referred based on pulse oximetry, nine referred syndromal children and four did not refer electively. Of the 49 high risk patients operated on, only 12 required paediatric intensive care admission with no emergency paediatric intensive care admissions. No otherwise healthy children with uncomplicated obstructive sleep apnoea symptoms required paediatric intensive care admission during the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no regional consensus regarding paediatric intensive care unit referral for obstructive sleep apnoea adenotonsillectomy. Clinical judgement without complex sleep studies by those experienced in this area was sufficient to detect complicated cases of obstructive sleep apnoea with co-morbidity requiring paediatric intensive care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: E J S M
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Blenke
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Hemal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Raja
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bew
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Knight
mesh_terms: D000233:Adenoidectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D004739:England; D006801:Humans; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D007902:Length of Stay; D018579:Patient Selection; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012307:Risk Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000601:surgery*; D014068:Tonsillectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*