title: In vitro nitrosation of insulin A- and B-chains.
abstract: The physiological roles of insulin and nitric oxide (NO) have been recently recognized by several studies. A diversity of chemical modifications of insulin is reported both in vivo and in vitro. S-nitrosation, the covalent linkage of NO to cysteine free thiol is recognized as an important post-translational regulation in many proteins. Here we report the in vitro synthesis of an S-nitrosothiol of bovine insulin A- and B-chains. These compounds were characterized by their HPLC chromatographic behavior, monitored by UV visible spectroscopy and electron spray ionization mass spectrometry. The experimental results indicate that each A- and B-chain were S- nitrosated with only one NO group. Stability and solubility of these synthesized derivatives is described for physiological purposes. In this work, nitroso A- and B-chains of insulin were synthesized in vitro in order to better understand the possible interactions between insulin and NO that may be involved in the etiology of insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, FCT-UNL, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
authors.forename: Celina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Ricardo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Afonso
authors.forename: Maria Pedro
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Guarino
authors.forename: Rita S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Patarrão
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: João Paulo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Noronha
authors.forename: M Paula
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Macedo
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Caldeira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D007328:Insulin / Q000737:chemistry*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D015538:Nitrosation; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D009569:Nitric Oxide