title: Cutting edge: Tlr5-/- mice are more susceptible to Escherichia coli urinary tract infection.
abstract: Although TLR5 regulates the innate immune response to bacterial flagellin, it is unclear whether its function is essential during in vivo murine infections. To examine this question, we challenged Tlr5(-/-) mice transurethrally with Escherichia coli. At 2 days postinfection, wild-type mice exhibited increased inflammation of the bladder in comparison to Tlr5(-/-) mice. By day 5 postinfection, Tlr5(-/-) mice had significantly more bacteria in the bladders and kidneys in comparison to wild-type mice and showed increased inflammation in both organs. In addition, flagellin induced high levels of cytokine and chemokine expression in the bladder that was dependent on TLR5. Together, these data represent the first evidence that TLR5 regulates the innate immune response in the urinary tract and is essential for an effective murine in vivo immune response to an extracellular pathogen.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98103, USA.
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Andersen-Nissen
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Hawn
authors.forename: Kelly D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nachman
authors.forename: Aaron E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Lampano
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uematsu
authors.forename: Shizuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akira
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aderem
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D005408:Flagellin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5 / Q000502:physiology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000502:physiology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C482903:Tlr11 protein, mouse; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D005408:Flagellin