title: Histopathology of ossicular grafts and implants in chronic otitis media.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We describe the histopathology of ossicular grafts and implants so as to provide insight into factors that may influence functional results after surgery for chronic otitis media.
  
  
  METHODS
  Histopathologic observations were made on 56 cases: 50 surgical specimens and 6 temporal bone cases in which the graft was sectioned in situ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Autogenous malleus, incus, and cortical bone grafts behaved in a similar manner and maintained their morphological size, shape, and contour for extended periods of time, at least up to 30 years. These histopathologic observations support the continued use of autograft ossicular and cortical bone grafts for middle ear reconstruction. Cartilage grafts developed chondromalacia with resulting loss of stiffness and showed a tendency to undergo resorption. Synthetic prostheses made of porous plastic (Plastipore, Polycel) elicited foreign body giant cell reactions with various degrees of biodegradation of the implants. Prostheses made of hydroxyapatite and Bioglass were enveloped by a lining of connective tissue and mucosal epithelium. The Bioglass material was broken down into small fragments and partially resorbed by a host response within the middle ear. These results warrant caution in the use of prostheses made of porous plastic or Bioglass.
authors.affiliation: Otopathology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Fayez
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bahmad
authors.forename: Saumil N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Merchant
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001862:Bone Resorption; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000009:adverse effects; D002516:Ceramics / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004425:Ear Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation; D004429:Ear Ossicles / Q000473:pathology* / Q000637:transplantation*; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000473:pathology; D015743:Giant Cells, Foreign-Body / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009998:Ossicular Prosthesis; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000473:pathology; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011095:Polyethylenes / Q000009:adverse effects; D011126:Polypropylenes / Q000009:adverse effects; D011475:Prosthesis Failure
chemical_list: C022107:Bioglass; C016674:Plastipore; D011095:Polyethylenes; D011126:Polypropylenes; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium