PPARgamma in immunity and inflammation: cell types and diseases.
The lipid activated transcription factor, PPARgamma appears to have multiple functions in the immune system. There are several cell types expressing the receptor, most prominently antigen presenting cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. The receptor's activation leads to primary transcriptional activation of many, mostly lipid metabolism-related genes. However, gene regulation also occurs on immunity and inflammation-related genes. Key questions are: in what way lipid metabolism and immune regulation are connected and how activation and/or repression of gene expression may modulate inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses and in what way can these be utilized in therapy. Here we provide a cell type and disease centric review on the role of this lipid activated transcription factor in the various cells of the immune system it is expressed in, and in some major inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis.
Széles
Lajos
L
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Life Science Building, Egyetem ter 1. Debrecen, H-4010 Hungary.
Töröcsik
Dániel
D
Nagy
László
L
D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology
D047495:PPAR gamma