title: Influence of blood sampling on protein profiling and pattern analysis using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the influence of blood sampling/sampling tubes on mass spectrometric and clustering results, and on clinical blood variables, in blood samples collected from healthy volunteers and patients with prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two venous blood samples were taken from 12 healthy volunteers and 12 patients with localized prostate cancer. Two blood samples were taken from each participant using two different venepuncture systems (group A and group B). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to identify the peaks distinguishing the different groups. In a 10-fold cross-validation study, decision trees for identifying discriminatory peaks that separate the benign from the malignant were constructed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The decision tree separated samples measured by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) from healthy volunteers from those of patients with prostate cancer, with a sensitivity of 93.6% and a specificity of 91.6%. Of special interest is that one peak at 6941 m/z was produced during blood sample preparation and had a very powerful influence on the results of the classification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results clearly showed that blood-sampling systems have a great influence on the recorded MALDI MS traces, and thus can markedly influence and confound the results of the MS analysis, whereas clinical variables might remain unchanged. MS profiling is a promising method of marker discovery, but as it could be shown well-designed studies are critical to allow proper interpretation for the identification of key variables as well as for the clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020-Innsbruck, Austria. alexandre.pelzer@uibk.ac.at
authors.forename: Alexandre E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Pelzer
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Feuerstein
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fuchsberger
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ongarello
authors.forename: Jasmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bektic
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schwentner
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Klocker
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bartsch
authors.forename: Guenther K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Bonn
mesh_terms: D003663:Decision Trees; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood*; D040081:Protein Array Analysis / Q000379:methods; D040901:Proteomics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen