title: Up-regulation of Bcl-2 is required for the progression of prostate cancer cells from an androgen-dependent to an androgen-independent growth stage.
abstract: Bcl-2 is an anti-apoptotic oncoprotein and its protein levels are inversely correlated with prognosis in many cancers. However, the role of Bcl-2 in the progression of prostate cancer is not clear. Here we report that Bcl-2 is required for the progression of LNCaP prostate cancer cells from an androgen-dependent to an androgen-independent growth stage. The mRNA and protein levels of Bcl-2 are significantly increased in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. shRNA-mediated gene silencing of Bcl-2 in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells promotes UV-induced apoptosis and suppresses the growth of prostate tumors in vivo. Growing androgen-dependent cells under androgen-deprivation conditions results in formation of androgen-independent colonies; and the transition from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent growth is blocked by ectopic expression of the Bcl-2 antagonist Bax or Bcl-2 shRNA. Thus, our results demonstrate that Bcl-2 is not only critical for the survival of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells, but is also required for the progression of prostate cancer cells from an androgen-dependent to an androgen-independent growth stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological, Chemical, and Physical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA.
authors.forename: Yuting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fukuchi
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hiipakka
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kokontis
authors.forename: Jialing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiang
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000502:physiology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018450:Disease Progression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2