Metabolic and nutritional profile of obese adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
BACKGROUND
The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing due to its prevalence in obesity, diabetes, and insulin-resistance syndrome. The best treatment protocol for NAFLD has not been determined. However, there is evidence that exercise and nutritional intervention can improve and prevent it. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dietary and metabolic profiles of obese adolescents with NAFLD who participated in a multidisciplinary program.


METHODS
We studied 43 adolescents ages 15 to 19 years (17.18 +/- 1.66 years) with a body mass index (BMI) > or = 30, consisting of 30 patients without NAFLD (BMI = 35.80 +/- 3.44 kg/m2) and 13 with NAFLD (BMI = 33.47 +/- 2.34 kg/m2). The NAFLD diagnosis was determined by ultrasonography. Blood samples were collected to analyze glycemia, hepatic aminotransferase levels, and lipid profiles. Insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis model assessment insulin-resistance index (HOMA-IR). The analyses of baseline and postintervention food intake were made by a 3-day inquiry.


RESULTS
At baseline conditions, the patients with NAFLD showed significant differences in body mass, BMI, and visceral and subcutaneous fat. Glucose and visceral and subcutaneous fat presented a significant reduction after treatment in patients with NAFLD. Analyzing the food intake, at baseline we observed a positive correlation between the visceral obesity and lipid consumption only in patients with NAFLD. We also observed significant decrease in energy and cholesterol consumption in patients with NAFLD after the multidisciplinary therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
The intervention promoted a decrease in the prevalence of NAFLD, a significant decrease in visceral obesity, and improved HOMA-IR, glycemia, and serum lipid levels that are risk factors for NAFLD. In summary, the multidisciplinary program is essential in the treatment and prevention of NAFLD.
de Piano
Aline
A
Federal University of São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina UNIFESP-EPM, São Paulo, Brazil.
Prado
Wagner L
WL
Caranti
Danielle A
DA
Siqueira
Kãli O
KO
Stella
Sérgio G
SG
Lofrano
Mara
M
Tock
Lian
L
Cristofalo
Dejaldo M J
DM
Lederman
Henrique
H
Tufik
Sérgio
S
de Mello
Marco Túlio
MT
Dâmaso
Ana R
AR
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D004041:Dietary Fats; D002149:Energy Intake; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography
D004041:Dietary Fats