title: Skeletal and neurological malformations in pigs congenitally infected with Menangle virus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the pathological findings in stillborn piglets and fetuses delivered by sows naturally infected with Menangle virus, a recently recognised Paramyxovirus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observations of the gross and microscopic pathology of natural disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postmortem examinations were performed on 49 stillborn piglets, 35 mummified or semi-mummified full-term fetuses and 6 aborted fetuses from 20 litters at a 2600-sow intensive piggery in New South Wales during an outbreak of reproductive disease from June to September 1997. Body weights, crown-rump lengths and gross pathological changes were recorded. Tissues, including brain and spinal cord, were processed for histopathological examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Litters with reduced numbers of live born piglets had mummified fetuses and stillborn piglets. Affected stillborn and aborted piglets frequently had arthrogryposis, craniofacial and spinal deformities, pulmonary hypoplasia and degeneration of the brain and spinal cord. Intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were observed in neurones and other cells in the brain and spinal cord in association with extensive degeneration, necrosis, infiltration of macrophages and gliosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In utero infection of piglets with Menangle virus is associated with severe skeletal and neurological malformations.
authors.affiliation: NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, NSW 2568, Australia.
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Philbey
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Kirkland
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Love
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D018108:Respirovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010253:Respirovirus Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000473:pathology*