title: Fibromuscular dysplasia may herald symptomatic recurrence of cervical artery dissection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) in patients with cervical artery dissection (CAD) is unknown. Our objectives were to assess the risk of CAD recurring as a stroke or a transient ischemic attack and the association of these events with FMD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively included and followed 103 consecutive patients who had been admitted for a CAD. The median follow-up was 4 years (range 4 months to 10 years). The main criteria for inclusion were a mural hematoma demonstrated by cervical magnetic resonance imaging and/or signs suggesting CAD on 2 other investigations. FMD was diagnosed on the so-called string of beads pattern by digital subtraction angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five patients had CAD recurrence (60% occurred late). Four of these 5 patients had FMD. In 4 patients, CAD recurrence involved another cervical artery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rate of symptomatic CAD recurrence was 1% per year and was often related to FMD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France. jmdebray@chu-angers.fr
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: de Bray
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marc
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pautot
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vielle
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pasco
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lhoste
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dubas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020215:Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005352:Fibromuscular Dysplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012008:Recurrence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex; D020217:Vertebral Artery Dissection / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors