[Optical coherence tomography follow-up of a case of solar maculopathy].
Solar maculopathy is caused by sun-gazing without protection and in most cases appears to be reversible. Retinal damage may be caused by photochemical changes combined with a rise in temperature at the time of sun observation. We report a case of bilateral solar retinopathy following direct sun gazing after observation of the partial eclipse on 3 October 2005. A 25-year-old Caucasian man presented 24 h after watching the eclipse with symptoms of blurred vision and a bright positive central scotoma. Total direct viewing time was approximately 5 min. While observing the eclipse, the patient kept both eyes open. On presentation, his visual acuity was 20/25 in his right eye and 20/32 in his left eye. Ophthalmoscopic examination revealed a bilateral yellowish-white spot in the center of the foveal region. Static visual field examination did not disclose any absolute scotoma but a decrease in the foveal threshold was noted in both eyes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination revealed a bilateral increased reflectivity of the inner foveal retina that was greater in the left eye. This finding was associated with a hyporeflective area of the underlying retinal pigment epithelium: choriocapillaris complex and an increase in retinal thickness. Eight days later, visual acuity was 20/20 in each eye. Funduscopy showed the yellow lesion had vanished. Four months after exposure, funduscopy was normal and OCT scan showed normal reflectivity of all retinal layers in the fovea. However, static visual field examination disclosed a decreased foveal threshold on the left eye. We compare the OCT findings in this patient with the data reported in the literature. Indeed, various OCT findings have been reported depending on the intensity and frequency of sun exposure. This observation demonstrates that OCT appears to be potentially useful in the evolutive follow-up of solar maculopathy, and emphasizes the importance of eye safety during solar eclipse observation.
Macarez
R
R
Service d'Ophtalmologie, HIA Clermont-Tonnerre, Brest.
Vanimschoot
M
M
Ocamica
P
P
Kovalski
J-L
JL
D000328:Adult; D005126:Eye Burns / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005584:Fovea Centralis / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D008297:Male; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D012607:Scotoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014794:Visual Fields