title: Computerized detection and measurement of drusen in age-related macular degeneration.
abstract: The authors used a drusen detection algorithm to quantitate drusen on digitized images and determined its precision and accuracy.
  
  
  
  Fundus images from 349 participants in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study trial were digitized and analyzed with the Drusen Analyzer (IRIDEX Corporation, Mountain View, CA). The size, number, and area of the drusen in two macular regions were computed by two readers using an interactive approach. Measurements were compared to data generated by reading center methods.
  
  
  
  For the Analyzer, inter-observer agreement was 0.79 (SE = 0.02) and 0.86 (SE = 0.01) (kappa statistic). Intra-observer precision was 0.835 and 0.880 (Spearman coefficients). Categorical agreement (weighted kappa) between the Analyzer and reading center results for the two regions was (0.76, 0.58) and (0.68, 0.68) for readers A and B. The time required to quantitate an image using the Analyzer was 105 +/- 52 and 218 +/- 102 seconds for the two regions, respectively.
  
  
  
  Quantitative detection of drusen can be performed reproducibly and efficiently. Comparisons to more labor intensive reading center techniques suggest that the results are similar but that the algorithm is more sensitive and precise.
authors.affiliation: UPMC Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Friberg
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palaiou
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bremer
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015588:Observer Variation; D010781:Photography; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015593:Retinal Drusen / Q000175:diagnosis*