title: Microarray analysis of oxidative stress regulated genes in mesencephalic dopaminergic neuronal cells: relevance to oxidative damage in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death have been implicated in the dopaminergic cell loss that characterizes Parkinson's disease. While factors contributing to apoptotic cell death are not well characterized, oxidative stress is known to activate an array of cell signaling molecules that participate in apoptotic cell death mechanisms. We investigated oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in three cell lines, the dopaminergic mesencephalon-derived N27 cell line, the GABAergic striatum-derived M213-20 cell line, and the hippocampal HN2-5 cell line. N27 cells were more sensitive to H2O2-induced cell death than M213-20 and HN2-5 cells. H2O2 induced significantly greater increases in caspase-3 activity in N27 cells than in M213-20 cells. H2O2-induced apoptotic cell death in N27 cells was mediated by caspase-3-dependent proteolytic activation of PKCdelta. Gene expression microarrays were employed to examine the specific transcriptional changes in N27 cells exposed to 100 microM H2O2 for 4 h. Changes in genes encoding pro- or anti-apoptotic proteins included up-regulation of BIK, PAWR, STAT5B, NPAS2, Jun B, MEK4, CCT7, PPP3CC, and PSDM3, while key down-regulated genes included BNIP3, NPTXR, RAGA, STK6, YWHAH, and MAP2K1. Overall, the changes indicate a modulation of transcriptional activity, chaperone activity, kinase activity, and apoptotic activity that appears highly specific, coordinated and relevant to cell survival. Utilizing this in vitro model to identify novel oxidative stress-regulated genes may be useful in unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying dopaminergic degeneration in Parkinson's disease.
authors.affiliation: Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1250, USA.
authors.forename: Vellareddy
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Anantharam
authors.forename: Elin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lehrmann
authors.forename: Arthi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanthasamy
authors.forename: Yongjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Probal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Kevin G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Freed
authors.forename: Anumantha G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Kanthasamy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta / Q000378:metabolism; D012313:RNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D012313:RNA; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta; D053148:Caspase 3; D004298:Dopamine