title: Comprehensive investigations of quality of life after esophagectomy with special reference to the route of reconstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Esophagectomy is a very invasive operation, therefore, it is important to improve the postoperative quality of life (QOL) of the patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the QOL of patients who had undergone esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated 37 patients who had undergone esophagectomy. The anastomosis was made at the cervical location by the retrosternal route in 12 patients (RS group), at the high thoracic location by the posterior mediastinal route in 18 patients (HT group), and at the cervical location by the posterior mediastinal route in seven patients (PM group). QOL was evaluated by patient questionnaires concerning reflux esophagitis using QUEST and dumping syndrome, body weight, ambulatory pH monitoring, and immunostaining for iNOS and COX-2 as markers of inflammation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The QUEST score revealed that the findings suggesting reflux were few in the HT group. Patients suffered from dumping syndrome were significantly few in the HT group (p = 0.0399). The percentage time of pH < or =4.0 was shortest in the HT group at the position of the esophagogastric anastomosis (p < 0.0281). Body weight recovery was best in HT group (p < 0.0001). There was a tendency that iNOS and COX-2 immunoreactivity were weaker in HT group than other two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that QOL after esophageal reconstruction using a gastric tube is good in patients with the anastomosis at the high thoracic location by the posterior mediastinal route.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgical Science (Surgery I), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan. mnakajim@med.gunma-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masanobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuchi
authors.forename: Ryokuhei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manda
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sohda
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamiyama
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakabayashi
authors.forename: Erito
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mochiki
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuwano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D004377:Dumping Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011788:Quality of Life; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures
chemical_list: D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2