title: Evaluation of in vitro release and in vivo efficacy of mPEG-PLA-haloperidol conjugate micelle-like structures.
abstract: Polymeric prodrugs of mPEG-PLA-haloperidol (methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly (lactic acid)), self-assemble into nanoscale micelle-like structures in aqueous solutions. The micelles range in size from 28 to 52 nm in diameter and have been shown to be spherical in shape using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. In this current work there is evidence shown that suggests these micelle-like structures do not dissociate below their critical micelle concentration (CMC) when the PEG weight percent is at least 68, releasing physically entrapped drug from intact micelles over a 3-day period. However, 55 wt % PEG micelles dissociate below their CMC, and release their physically entrapped drug within 8 h. Conjugate polymer micelles most closely approach a linear release profile over a 5-day period. Conjugate micelles with free drug incorporated, known as combination micelle-like structures, release drug over 4 days. However, these combination micelles have the fastest burst release indicating that free drug was potentially dominating the first 8 h of release, after which hydrolysis of covalently linked drug took over. In vivo behavioral studies can assess haloperidol bioactivity from drug loaded micelle-like structures on ketamine induced hyperlocomotion. Results are consistent with in vitro release data, showing that conjugate and combination micelles continue to release haloperidol 4 days post injection, attenuating the effects of the ketamine induced hyperlocomotion. Furthermore, results indicate that the sedative side effects of haloperidol were reduced with the micelle delivery systems as compared to the acute haloperidol injection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Biomaterials and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Meredith L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hans
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.forename: Richard S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Ehrlichman
authors.forename: Kayla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Metzger
authors.forename: Yuling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: Anthony M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lowman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; D020820:Dyskinesias / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007649:Ketamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008823:Micelles; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D008823:Micelles; D011091:Polyesters; C492425:methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide); D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D007649:Ketamine; D006220:Haloperidol