title: Genotyping hepatitis C virus from hemodialysis patients in Central Brazil by line probe assay and sequence analysis.
abstract: The present study examined the distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes and subtypes in a hemodialysis population in Goiás State, Central Brazil, and evaluated the efficiency of two genotyping methods: line probe assay (LiPA) based on the 5' noncoding region and nucleotide sequencing of the nonstructural 5B (NS5B) region of the genome. A total of 1095 sera were tested for HCV RNA by RT-nested PCR of the 5' noncoding region. The LiPA assay was able to genotype all 131 HCV RNA-positive samples. Genotypes 1 (92.4%) and 3 (7.6%) were found. Subtype 1a (65.7%) was the most prevalent, followed by subtypes 1b (26.7%) and 3a (7.6%). Direct nucleotide sequencing of 340 bp from the NS5B region was performed in 106 samples. The phylogenetic tree showed that 98 sequences (92.4%) were classified as genotype 1, subtypes 1a (72.6%) and 1b (19.8%), and 8 sequences (7.6%) as subtype 3a. The two genotyping methods gave concordant results within HCV genotypes and subtypes in 100 and 96.2% of cases, respectively. Only four samples presented discrepant results, with LiPA not distinguishing subtypes 1a and 1b. Therefore, HCV genotype 1 (subtype 1a) is predominant in hemodialysis patients in Central Brazil. By using sequence analysis of the NS5B region as a reference standard method for HCV genotyping, we found that LiPA was efficient at the genotype level, although some discrepant results were observed at the subtype level (sensitivity of 96.1% for subtype 1a and 95.2% for subtype 1b). Thus, analysis of the NS5B region permitted better discrimination between HCV subtypes, as required in epidemiological investigations.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Espírito-Santo
authors.forename: M A S
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Carneiro
authors.forename: N R S
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Kozlowski
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Teles
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lampe
authors.forename: C F T
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: R M B
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Martins
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005838:Genotype; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D004279:DNA, Viral; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins