title: Interferon gamma-inducible protein 10: a predictive marker of successful treatment response in hepatitis C virus/HIV-coinfected patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Elevated pretreatment interferon (IFN) gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10/CXCL10) levels are a marker of treatment nonresponse in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-monoinfected patients. We undertook this study to determine if IP-10 is a marker of treatment outcome in HCV/HIV-coinfected patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen HCV/HIV-coinfected patients were treated with weight-based pegylated (PEG) IFNalpha-2b (1.5 microg/kg) once weekly plus weight-based ribavirin (1000 or 1200 mg) daily for up to 48 weeks. Plasma IP-10, monokine induced by IFNgamma/CXCL9 (Mig), and IFN-inducible T-cell alpha-chemoattractant/CXCL11 (I-TAC) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on samples obtained frequently during the first 3 PEG-IFN doses and throughout treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median pretreatment plasma IP-10 (interquartile range [IQR]) levels were significantly lower in virological responders (n=6) at 217 (IQR: 181-301) pg/mL compared with nonresponders (n=13) at 900 (IQR: 628-2048) pg/mL (P=0.002), whereas pretreatment Mig and I-TAC levels did not differ significantly. Plasma IP-10 levels of 400 pg/mL before treatment and on days 7 and 14 could be used to identify likely coinfected PEG-IFN/ribavirin nonresponders. PEG-IFN-induced elevations in IP-10 were greater in virological responders than in nonresponders (approximately 10-fold vs. approximately 4-fold) after the first PEG-IFN dose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IP-10 may be a biomarker of HCV treatment outcome in difficult-to-treat HCV/HIV-coinfected patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: Marija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeremski
authors.forename: Marianthi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markatou
authors.forename: Queenie B
authors.initials: QB
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dorante
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cunningham-Rundles
authors.forename: Andrew H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Talal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054371:Chemokine CXCL11; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000097:blood*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015497:HIV-1; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; C114753:CXCL10 protein, human; C515202:CXCL11 protein, human; C080810:CXCL9 protein, human; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054371:Chemokine CXCL11; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a