title: Leadership and management training for residents and fellows: a curriculum for future medical directors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Management of laboratories and pathology practices is increasingly complex. Residents and fellows in laboratory medicine and pathology need more structured curricula in leadership and management (L&M) training to function as medical and laboratory directors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To define a curriculum that provides basic competency in L&M for residents and fellows in pathology.
  
  
  METHODS
  A year-long formal L&M course included didactic lectures, interactive sessions, case scenarios, team-building exercises, formal team presentations (capstone project), and precourse and postcourse assessment of L&M knowledge. The curriculum meets requirements of American College of Graduate Medical Education and supports goals for leadership training of the College of American Pathologists. Participants evaluated (5-point scale) the content and speakers of all sessions. Trainees were evaluated after considering postcourse examination results, quality of the capstone presentation, and a global assessment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5 non-capstone sessions received evaluation scores ranging from 4.4 (informatics) to 5 (L&M basics). Postcourse test scores showed significant improvement when compared with the pretest scores for the 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 trainee cohorts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short-term results indicate that the course described improves trainee knowledge of L&M issues.
authors.affiliation: Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Patrick R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Hemmer
authors.forename: Brad S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Karon
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cuthbert
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Fidler
authors.forename: Henry D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Tazelaar
mesh_terms: D003479:Curriculum; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods*; D005257:Fellowships and Scholarships; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D007857:Leadership; D017056:Medical Laboratory Personnel / Q000193:education; D010338:Pathology, Clinical / Q000193:education*; D008486:Physician Executives / Q000193:education*; D011216:Practice Management, Medical