title: The roles of organic anion permeases in aluminium resistance and mineral nutrition.
abstract: Soluble aluminium (Al(3+)) is the major constraint to plant growth on acid soils. Plants have evolved mechanisms to tolerate Al(3+) and one type of mechanism relies on the efflux of organic anions that protect roots by chelating the Al(3+). Al(3+) resistance genes of several species have now been isolated and found to encode membrane proteins that facilitate organic anion efflux from roots. These proteins belong to the Al(3+)-activated malate transporter (ALMT) and multi-drug and toxin extrusion (MATE) families. We review the roles of these proteins in Al(3+) resistance as well as their roles in other aspects of mineral nutrition.
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Manny.Delhaize@csiro.au
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delhaize
authors.forename: Benjamin D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Ryan
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000535:Aluminum / Q000633:toxicity*; D005075:Biological Evolution; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D017343:Genes, Plant; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000235:genetics; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008903:Minerals / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D008958:Models, Molecular; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008903:Minerals; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters; D010940:Plant Proteins; D010758:Phosphorus; D000535:Aluminum