title: Outcomes after first-ever stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the outcomes after first-ever stroke, including mortality, dependence, and recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study on a prospectively collected cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Regional hospital, Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of 755 patients presented to our hospital from 1996 to 1998 with their first-ever stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mortality and stroke recurrence rate at 30 days, 1 year, and 5 years from the onset of the stroke. Dependence in activity of daily living at 5 years from the onset of stroke.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mortality rate was 15.1% at 30 days, 22.5% at 1 year, and 39.7% at 5 years from the onset of the first-ever stroke. The rate of stroke recurrence was 0.9% at 30 days, 7.0% at 1 year, and 21.2% at 5 years from the onset of first-ever stroke. Among patients presenting with ischaemic strokes, 109 (20.6%) had a recurrence, of which 92 (84%) were ischaemic strokes and 17 (16%) were haemorrhagic. Among patients presenting with intracerebral haemorrhage, 25 (23.1%) had a recurrence, of which 12 (48%) were haemorrhagic strokes and 13 (52%) patients were ischaemic. After 5 years, 11% of the patients were dependent in terms of activity of daily living.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long-term prognosis after first-ever stroke is poor--5 years after their stroke, 39.7% of patients had died and 10.7% were dependent in terms of activity of daily living; 136 (21%) who survived at least 30 days after the initial stroke, had a recurrence within 5 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong. chun-ming@graduate.hku.hk
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Tsoi
authors.forename: Sonny F K
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Hon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Au-Yeung
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Shiu
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020521:Stroke / Q000401:mortality*