title: Influence of calcium chloride on the thermal behavior of heavy and alkali metals in sewage sludge incineration.
abstract: In order to separate and reuse heavy and alkali metals from flue gas during sewage sludge incineration, experiments were carried out in a pilot incinerator. The experimental results show that most of the heavy and alkali metals form condensed phase at temperature above 600 degrees C. With the addition of 5% calcium chloride into sewage sludge, the gas/solid transformation temperature of part of the metals (As, Cu, Mg and Na) is evidently decreased due to the formation of chloride, while calcium chloride seems to have no significant influence on Zn and P. Moreover, the mass fractions of some heavy and alkali metals in the collected fly ash are relatively high. For example, the mass fractions for Pb and Cu in the fly ash collected by the filter are 1.19% and 19.7%, respectively, which are well above those in lead and copper ores. In the case of adding 5% calcium chloride, the heavy and alkali metals can be divided into three groups based on their conversion temperature: Group A that includes Na, Zn, K, Mg and P, which are converted into condensed phase above 600 degrees C; Group B that includes Pb and Cu which solidify when the temperature is above 400 degrees C; and Group C that includes As, whose condensation temperature is as low as 300 degrees C.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China. hanjun77@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Minghou
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furuuchi
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakano
authors.forename: Hee Joon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry*; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D060729:Coal Ash; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D017745:Incineration; D008672:Metals, Alkali / Q000737:chemistry*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000737:chemistry*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000737:chemistry; D012722:Sewage / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D060729:Coal Ash; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D008672:Metals, Alkali; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D052638:Particulate Matter; D012722:Sewage; D002244:Carbon; D002122:Calcium Chloride