title: Social problem-solving plus psychoeducation for adults with personality disorder: pragmatic randomised controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Social problem-solving therapy may be relevant in the treatment of personality disorder, although assessments of its effectiveness are uncommon.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effectiveness of a problem-solving intervention for adults with personality disorder in the community under conditions resembling routine clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were randomly allocated to brief psychoeducation plus 16 problem-solving group sessions (n=87) or to waiting-list control (n=89). Primary outcome was comparison of scores on the Social Problem Solving Inventory and the Social Functioning Questionnaire between intervention and control arms at the conclusion of treatment, on average at 24 weeks after randomisation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In intention-to-treat analysis, those allocated to intervention showed significantly better problem-solving skills (P<0.001), higher overall social functioning (P=0.031) and lower anger expression (P=0.039) compared with controls. No significant differences were found on use of services during the intervention period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Problem-solving plus psychoeducation has potential as a preliminary intervention for adults with personality disorder.
authors.affiliation: Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Duncan Macmillan House, Porchester Road, Nottingham NG3 6AA, UK. nick.huband@nottshc.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Huband
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McMurran
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Conor
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duggan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D011340:Problem Solving; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012917:Social Adjustment; D016896:Treatment Outcome