title: Waist circumference identifies primary school children with metabolic syndrome abnormalities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to assess whether waist circumference can predict metabolic syndrome abnormalities in primary schoolchildren.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 5,103 children (2,526 males) 4-13 years old who underwent anthropometric measurements, 530 had more extensive testing. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and blood pressure were determined in all subjects. The subgroup had Tanner stage, glucose, lipid profile, and insulin assays. The BMI of the 5,103 children was used to calculate our z scores. To determine which marker was a better predictor for metabolic syndrome, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated for BMI and waist circumference, with metabolic syndrome as the dichotomous variable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over 530 children (8.7 +/- 2.4 years) 6% (n = 32) were obese (BMI >95(th) percentile; z BMI = 2.55), 13.6% (n = 72) were overweight (OW) (85(th) < BMI < 95(th) percentile; z BMI = 1.45), and 80.4% (n = 426) were non-OW (BMI <85(th) percentile; z BMI = - 0.14). Fifty-eight percent [95% confidence interval (CI) 53, 6], 22.8% (95% CI 19, 27), 15.5% (95% CI 12, 19), and 4.1% (95% CI 2, 6) were Tanner stage I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Metabolic syndrome was present in 9.4% overall, 6% of the non-OW, 22.2% of the OW, and 31% in the obese group (P < 0.01). The differences between ROC areas were not significant (0.009) (95% CI -0.035 to 0.053; P = 0.679) for BMI and waist circumference. The optimal threshold for waist circumference percentile was 71.3 with a sensitivity and specificity of 58.9 (95% CI 48.4, 68.9) and 63.1 (95% CI 58.4, 67.7), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Waist circumference and BMI predict metabolic syndrome abnormalities in children. Waist circumference > or =75(th) percentile could be the optimal threshold to predict metabolic syndrome in children.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Diabetes Department, Chemistry College, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. vhirschler@intramed.net
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hirschler
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maccallini
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calcagno
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aranda
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jadzinsky
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D015415:Biomarkers; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D049628:Body Size; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers