title: Outcomes for Latin American versus White patients suffering from acute mania in a randomized, double-blind trial comparing olanzapine and haloperidol.
abstract: Data from a published double-blind randomized trial comparing olanzapine versus haloperidol in acute mania were used to address the response and tolerability of Latin American patients. Primary efficacy end point was the remission rate (Young Mania Rating Scale score <or=12 and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score of <or=8). Patients were analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis. The mean modal doses (milligrams per day) were similar in Latin American (OL) (14.2; n = 51) and white (OC) (15.1; n = 120) patients treated with olanzapine, and in Latin American (HL) (7.1; n = 48) and white (HC) (8.5; n = 113) patients treated with haloperidol. At week 6, remission rates were similar among the OL and HL patients (64.7% vs. 68.8%) but were higher in the OC than in HC (49.2% vs. 32.7%; P = 0.012). Significantly more HL than OL patients experienced extrapyramidal symptoms such as akathisia and tremor. Tremor was significantly higher in HL than in HC patients, whereas a significant increase in the Barnes Akathisia Scale and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale scores was observed in HC versus HL. Somnolence and weight gain were significantly higher in OL than in OC patients, and more OL and OC patients experienced weight gain in comparison with the HL and HC groups, respectively. The incidence of nonfasting glucose levels above normal levels did not statistically differ between groups. In conclusion, in contrast to our findings among white patients, the Latin American patients who have acute mania did not differ in overall response to olanzapine or haloperidol. The pattern of adverse events differed between treatment groups. Prospective clinical trials in Latin American bipolar populations are justified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, CES University, Medellín, Colombia. tamayojm@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jorge M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tamayo
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mazzotti
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tohen
authors.forename: Wagner F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Gattaz
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zapata
authors.forename: José J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: Rodolfo D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Fahrer
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: González-Pinto
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vieta
authors.forename: Jean M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Azorin
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rovner
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bonett-Perrin
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077152:Olanzapine; D012074:Remission Induction; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D002784:Cholesterol; D006220:Haloperidol; D000077152:Olanzapine