title: Synthesis of gluten-forming polypeptides. 1. Biosynthesis of gliadins and glutenin subunits.
abstract: Five winter wheat cultivars--GK Othalom (HMW-GS composition 2*, 7+8, 5+10), Ukrainka (1, 7+8, 5+10), Palotás (2*, 7+9, 5+10), Ködmön (2*, 7+8, 5+10), and Csongrád (2*, 7+9, 2+12)--grown in Hungary and harvested in the year 2005 were studied. The biosynthesis of gluten-forming polypeptides was followed starting at the 12th day after anthesis to the 53rd. Fresh kernel weight, moisture, and dry matter content of fresh kernels and gliadin and glutenin contents were determined. Gliadin components, total amounts of HMW and LMW polypeptides, and individual HMW polypeptides were determined using a RP-HPLC technique. Although considerable quantitative differences were observed concerning the content of total protein, gliadin, glutenin, and individual gluten-forming polypeptides, the character of accumulation of protein components--determined on the basis protein mass/kernel--was the same for the all of the cultivars studied and could be presented by a sigmoid curve. Small quantities of the gliadin and glutenin monomers may be detected in early stages of kernel development, but the bulk of these proteins is synthesized in later stages of development. It is generally suggested by specialists that the formation and accumulation of glutenin polymers starts later than the synthesis of monomers. Experimental data presented in this paper confirm this suggestion and show that in the first phase of protein synthesis the monomers are in "free" form; polymeric glutenin is detected only later. HMW glutenin subunits are synthesized synchronously, and quantitatively the polypeptides coded by chromosomes D and B dominate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Food Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, Budapest H-1521, Hungary.
authors.forename: Tibor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abonyi
authors.forename: István
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Király
authors.forename: Sándor
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tömösközi
authors.forename: Orsolya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Baticz
authors.forename: Adrienn
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guóth
authors.forename: Szilveszter
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gergely
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Scholz
authors.forename: Demeter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lásztity
authors.forename: Radomir
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lásztity
mesh_terms: D005903:Gliadin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005983:Glutens / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010455:Peptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D014908:Triticum / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010455:Peptides; D021122:Protein Subunits; D005983:Glutens; D005903:Gliadin; C037302:glutenin