title: [Bad breath: causes, diagnostic and therapeutic practice].
abstract: Bad breath (BB) can be noted in various diseases of oral cavity, nasopharynx, upper gastrointestinal tract divisions (foetor ex ore) or be felt in expired air (halitosis) in various bronchopulmonary diseases, renal or hepatic failure, and diabetic ketoacidosis. BB requires interaction between different specialists making it possible to find the cause of this clinical symptom and the optimal therapeutic approach.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Sheptulin
mesh_terms: D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006209:Halitosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome