title: [Vasculogenic mimicry in human primary gallbladder carcinoma and clinical significance thereof].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate if there is vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in human primary gallbladder carcinoma and clinical significance thereof.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-four specimens of primary gallbladder carcinoma obtained from operation underwent HE staining and double staining of CD(31) and PAS to observe the existence of VM. The correlation of pathological examination and clinical outcomes was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VM was seen in 10 of the 74 (13.5%) specimens. VM was not correlated with age, sex, location, diameter, differentiation degree, Nevin stage, and invasion depth of tumor, and existence of lymph node metastasis; but was associated with histological type (chi(2) = 10.241, P = 0.017), hepatic metastasis (chi(2) = 11.904, P = 0.01), and poor overall survival (chi(2) = 5.771, P = 0.016). Cox analysis showed that existence of VM, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, hepatic metastasis, and operational method were independent risk factors of the prognosis of primary gallbladder carcinoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VM exists in human primary gallbladder carcinoma. Those cases of human primary gallbladder carcinoma with VM have a poorer prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China. Email: fanyuezu-shtj@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Yue-zu
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Wen-zhong
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chun-yan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1