title: Nocturnal blood pressure changes in patients with restless legs syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) changes associated with periodic leg movements during sleep (PLMS) with or without EEG signs of arousal in subjects with primary restless legs syndrome (RLS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients with RLS (4 women, aged 47.3 +/- 13.5 years) underwent one night of polysomnography along with noninvasive beat-to-beat BP monitoring. Ten PLMS with microarousals (PLMS-MA) and 10 PLMS without microarousals (PLMS-noMA) were analyzed in each subject. Systolic and diastolic BP (SBP, DBP) were measured within a 25-beat temporal window comprising 10 beats before and 15 beats after onset of each movement. PLMS-related BP changes were assessed by repeated measures one-way analysis of variance. BP changes associated with PLMS-MA and PLMS-noMA were compared by paired t-tests. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to assess the relationship between cardiovascular changes and clinical and polysomnographic variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BP increased significantly in association with all PLMS (on average, SBP 22 mm Hg, DBP 11 mm Hg). BP changes associated with PLMS-MA were greater vs those associated with PLMS-noMA (p < 0.05). SBP and DBP changes increased with age and the duration of illness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Periodic leg movements-related repetitive nocturnal blood pressure fluctuations could contribute to the risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with restless legs syndrome, especially in the elderly.
authors.affiliation: Sleep Disorders Center, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Pennestri
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montplaisir
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lavigne
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Lanfranchi
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017286:Polysomnography; D012148:Restless Legs Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012890:Sleep