title: Protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy and glucose tolerance in pregnancy: AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5084.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to determine whether protease inhibitors increase glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this multicenter, prospective, observational study, 149 human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected pregnant women had fasting insulin, glucose, and C-peptide measured followed by a 1 hour, 50 g glucose test. Glucose intolerance was defined as a 1 hour glucose greater than 130 mg/dL. Glucose intolerance, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and pancreatic beta-cell function, and pregnancy outcomes were compared between those taking protease inhibitors and those not.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-seven of 149 subjects (38%) had glucose intolerance. Body mass index, Hispanic ethnicity, and maternal age, but not protease inhibitors, were associated with glucose intolerance. There were no differences in insulin resistance, beta-cell function, or pregnancy outcome associated with protease inhibitor use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Protease inhibitors do not increase risk of glucose intolerance or insulin resistance among pregnant women.
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hitti
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Grace
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McComsey
authors.forename: Tun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Melvin
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stek
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aberg
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hull
authors.forename: Beverly
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Alston-Smith
authors.forename: D Heather
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Watts
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Livingston
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000517:prevention & control; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D018149:Glucose Intolerance; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors