title: Genome-wide analysis of the auxin response factors (ARF) gene family in rice (Oryza sativa).
abstract: Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcription factors that bind with specificity to TGTCTC-containing auxin response elements (AuxREs) found in promoters of primary/early auxin response genes and mediate responses to the plant hormone auxin. The ARF genes are represented by a large multigene family in plants. A comprehensive genome-wide analysis was carried out in this study to find all ARFs in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (Oryza sativa subsp. japonica), 23 and 25 ARF genes, named as AtARFs and OsARFs, were identified, respectively. Chromosomal locations of all OsARFs were presented and it was found that the duplication of OsARFs was associated with only the chromosomal block duplications but not local tandem duplications. A phylogenetic tree was generated from alignments of the full-length protein sequences of 25 OsARFs and 23 AtARFs to examine the phylogenetic relationships of rice and Arabidopsis ARF proteins. All 48 members of ARF gene families fell into three major classes, a total of 13 sister pairs, including 9 OsARF-OsARF, 2 AtARF-AtARF and 2 AtARF-OsARF sister pairs were formed, showing different orthologous relationships between AtARFs and OsARFs. EST analysis and RT-PCR assays demonstrated that 24 of all 25 OsARF genes were active and the transcript abundance of some OsARF genes was affected by auxin treatment or light- and dark-grown conditions. The outcome of the present study provides basic genomic information for the rice ARF gene family and will pave the way for elucidating the precise role of OsARFs in plant growth and development in the future.
authors.affiliation: Crop Molecular Breeding Center, Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Dekai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kemei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Zongxiu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Sujuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Heqin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yuezhi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tao
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D020440:Gene Duplication; D017343:Genes, Plant; D018745:Genome, Plant; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013045:Species Specificity; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors