title: The effect of varying echo spacing within a multiecho acquisition: better characterization of long T2 components.
abstract: A 48-echo pulse sequence with five different echo-spacing combinations was examined to determine how one can most effectively measure the T2 relaxation characteristics of cerebral tissue containing a long T2 component. For each scan, the first 32 echoes had an echo spacing of 10 ms, while the spacing for Echoes 33-48 (DeltaTE2) was 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 ms. In an in vivo study using 10 normal volunteers, it was found that the resolution of T2 distribution peaks for both myelin water (approximately 20 ms) and intracellular/extracellular (IE) water (approximately 80 ms) improved as DeltaTE2 increased. The geometric mean T2 values of the main peak agreed within the error for all DeltaTE2 values. A phantom study simulated T2 relaxation distributions that are expected in the brains of patients with demyelinating diseases. For phantoms in which the T2 values of the IE and lesion (200-500 ms) water compartments were separated by at least a factor of 3, each compartment in the distribution was better resolved when DeltaTE2=40 or 50 ms. On the basis of these results, we recommend the use of extended DeltaTE2 values for imaging patients with lesions, without the risk of losing valuable short T2 information.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada M4H 1L7.
authors.forename: Matthew G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.forename: Shannon H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kolind
authors.forename: Alex L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: MacKay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D012306:Risk; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D014867:Water