title: Thirty years of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase: from in vivo function to single-molecule mechanism.
abstract: The level of negative DNA supercoiling of the Escherichia coli chromosome is tightly regulated in the cell and influences many DNA metabolic processes including DNA replication, transcription, repair and recombination. Gyrase is the only type II topoisomerase able to introduce negative supercoils into DNA, a unique ability that arises from the specialized C-terminal DNA wrapping domain of the GyrA subunit. Here, we review the biological roles of gyrase in vivo and its mechanism in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, 16 Barker Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-3204, USA.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nöllmann
authors.forename: Nancy J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Crisona
authors.forename: Paola B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Arimondo
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001665:Binding Sites; D002384:Catalysis; D027081:DNA Gyrase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011487:Protein Conformation
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D027081:DNA Gyrase