title: Pesticide illness among flight attendants due to aircraft disinsection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aircraft "disinsection" is the application of pesticides inside an aircraft to kill insects that may be on board. Over a 1-year period, California's tracking system received 17 reports of illness involving flight attendants exposed to pesticides following disinsection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interviews, work process observations, and a records review were conducted. Illness reports were evaluated according to the case definition established by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve cases met the definition for work-related pesticide illness. Eleven cases were attributed to the "Residual" method of disinsection, i.e., application of a solution of permethrin (2.2% w/w), solvents (0.8%), and a surfactant (1.4%); the method of disinsection could not be determined for one case.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The aerosol application of a pesticide in the confined space of an aircraft cabin poses a hazard to flight attendants. Nontoxic alternative methods, such as air curtains, should be used to minimize disease vector importation via aircraft cabins. Employers should mitigate flight attendant pesticide exposure in the interim.
authors.affiliation: Public Health Institute, Oakland, California, USA.
authors.forename: Patrice M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.forename: Ximena
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Vergara
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beckman
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nicas
authors.forename: Rupali
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Das
mesh_terms: D000401:Aircraft; D001359:Aviation; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016272:Occupational Health; D026023:Permethrin / Q000633:toxicity*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D026023:Permethrin