title: Antioxidant capacity and protein oxidation in cerebrospinal fluid of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The causes of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) are unknown. A bulk of evidence supports the hypothesis that oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction can be implicated in ALS pathogenesis. METHODS =: We assessed, in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in plasma of 49 ALS patients and 8 controls, the amount of oxidized proteins (AOPP, advanced oxidation protein products), the total antioxidant capacity (FRA, the ferric reducing ability), and, in CSF, two oxidation products, the 4-hydroxynonenal and the sum of nitrites plus nitrates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The FRA was decreased (p = 0.003) in CSF, and AOPP were increased in both CSF (p = 0.0039) and plasma (p = 0.001) of ALS patients. The content of AOPP was differently represented in CSF of ALS clinical subsets, resulting in increase in the common and pseudopolyneuropathic forms (p < 0.001) and nearly undetectable in the bulbar form, as in controls. The sum of nitrites plus nitrates and 4-hydroxynonenal were unchanged in ALS patients compared with controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results, while confirming the occurrence of oxidative stress in ALS, indicate how its effects can be stratified and therefore implicated differently in the pathogenesis of different clinical forms of ALS.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Neuroscience Neurological clinic, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy. g.siciliano@med.unipi.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Siciliano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Piazza
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carlesi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Corona
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franzini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pompella
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Malvaldi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mancuso
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paolicchi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Murri
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007506:Iron-Sulfur Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D000975:Antioxidants; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; D007506:Iron-Sulfur Proteins; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal