title: Rice NON-YELLOW COLORING1 is involved in light-harvesting complex II and grana degradation during leaf senescence.
abstract: Chlorophyll degradation is an aspect of leaf senescence, which is an active process to salvage nutrients from old tissues. non-yellow coloring1 (nyc1) is a rice (Oryza sativa) stay-green mutant in which chlorophyll degradation during senescence is impaired. Pigment analysis revealed that degradation of not only chlorophylls but also light-harvesting complex II (LHCII)-bound carotenoids was repressed in nyc1, in which most LHCII isoforms were selectively retained during senescence. Ultrastructural analysis of nyc1 chloroplasts revealed that large and thick grana were present even in the late stage of senescence, suggesting that degradation of LHCII is required for the proper degeneration of thylakoid membranes. Map-based cloning of NYC1 revealed that it encodes a chloroplast-localized short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) with three transmembrane domains. The predicted structure of the NYC1 protein and the phenotype of the nyc1 mutant suggest the possibility that NYC1 is a chlorophyll b reductase. Although we were unable to detect the chlorophyll b reductase activity of NYC1, NOL (for NYC1-like), a protein closely related to NYC1 in rice, showed chlorophyll b reductase activity in vitro. We suggest that NYC1 and NOL encode chlorophyll b reductases with divergent functions. Our data collectively suggest that the identified SDR protein NYC1 plays essential roles in the regulation of LHCII and thylakoid membrane degradation during senescence.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. akusaba@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kusaba
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Ryouhei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.forename: Ryouichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hirohiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirochika
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Ayumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D003624:Darkness; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D007700:Kinetics; D045342:Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012275:Oryza / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000254:growth & development*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D045342:Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes; D010940:Plant Proteins; D018749:RNA, Plant; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D002734:Chlorophyll; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C102575:chlorophyll b reductase