title: Influence of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench extract on the toxicity of cadmium.
abstract: Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench (EP) has many beneficial features, especially strengthening the immune system. Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous metal and cumulative poison that may cause liver and kidney damage and the formation of neoplasia. In this article, the changes in organs and metabolism, the accumulation of various levels of Cd in tissues, and the effects of EP liquid extract on Cd-induced changes in mice were investigated. Experiments were carried out on the white laboratory mice. Solution of different Cd and EP concentrations were given to drink and experiments were performed. The concentration of Cd in mice blood, liver, kidneys, heart, spleen, skeletal muscle was determined using an electrothermal graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer Perkin-Elmer/Zeeman 3030. Long time per os of extract of EP combined with Cd leads to a significant increase of Cd concentration in blood and investigated organs of experiment mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Kaunas University of Medicine, A. Mickeviciaus 9, LT-43307 Kaunas, Lithuania. virgzit@takas.lt
authors.forename: Virgilijus
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zitkevicius
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smalinskiene
authors.forename: Vaiva
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lesauskaite
authors.forename: Nijole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Savickiene
authors.forename: Arunas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Savickas
authors.forename: Stanislovas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ryselis
authors.forename: Rima
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kregzdyte
authors.forename: Oleg
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Abdrakhmanov
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sadauskiene
authors.forename: Leonid
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ivanov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D020900:Echinacea / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002104:Cadmium