title: Early oral analgesia after fast-track cardiac anesthesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oral analgesia after "fast-track" cardiac anesthesia has not been explored. The aim of this study was to compare two oral oxycodone analgesic regimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred-twenty patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly assigned postoperatively to receive immediate-release oxycodone 5 mg and acetaminophen 325 mg (Percocet-5) (group I) per os four times daily, or controlled-release oxycodone 10 mg (OxyContin) (group II) per os every 12 hr and placebo twice daily. Acetaminophen 500 mg per os was used as first-line rescue medication, and immediate-release oxycodone (syrup form) 5 mg per os as second-line rescue medication. Pain intensity was assessed with a visual analogue scale on the first postoperative day, the morning after extubation, and thereafter four times daily for four days. Use of rescue medication and adverse events were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline demographic and operation-related characteristics were similar in both groups. While pain control was good in both groups, the immediate-release group experienced less pain on all postoperative days (P = 0.003), required significantly less rescue medication, and had fewer adverse effects such as somnolence and nausea.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Peroral oxycodone is effective for early pain control after fast-track cardiac anesthesia. Immediate-release oxycodone/ acetaminophen appears to provide better analgesia and fewer side effects compared to controlled-release oxycodone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tiqwa 49100, Israel. alexanderkogan140@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kogan
authors.forename: Benjamen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Medalion
authors.forename: Ehud
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Raanani
authors.forename: Erez
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sharoni
authors.forename: Alon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stamler
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pak
authors.forename: Bernardo A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Vidne
authors.forename: Leonid A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Eidelman
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010098:Oxycodone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D000082:Acetaminophen; D010098:Oxycodone