title: Long term follow-up of a large cohort of inactive HBsAg (+)/ HBeAg (-)/ anti-HBe (+) carriers in Greece.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the long-term outcome and the risk of progression to chronic hepatitis B in inactive hepatitis B surface antigen carriers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 307 HBsAg (+)/HBeAg (-)/antiHBe (+) subjects with initially normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and undetectable/ low serum HBVDNA with hybridization assay and later with PCR (10(5) copies/ml), were followed-up every 6 months for a period of 3 to 21 years (7.45 +/- 3.75 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  234 out of the 307 HBsAg (+) patients (76.2%) had persistently normal ALT and undetectable / low (10(5) copies/ml) HBVDNA during follow-up. In 73 patients (23.8%), a reactivation of the disease with elevated ALT and positive HBVDNA (> (10(5)copies/ml) was recorded during the follow up. Thirty-five out of 73 patients underwent liver biopsy, while 22 of them received treatment. Twenty-four patients (7.8%) lost HBsAg after a mean of 7.4 +/- 3.6 years. Regarding the complications of chronic hepatitis B, only one patient developed compensated cirrhosis and no one developed HCC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that in almost 24% of inactive chronic hepatitis B carriers reactivation of the disease may occur even after many years. However the risk of liver-related complications is very low in these subjects.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Medical Department, Aristotle University, Konstantinoupoleos 49, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gigi
authors.forename: Thalia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lalla
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Orphanou
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sinakos
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vrettou
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raptopoulou-Gigi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002353:Carrier State / Q000097:blood*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood*; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000097:blood*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens