Different mechanisms can lead to the same altered HLA class I phenotype in tumors.
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I plays an important role in tumor recognition and rejection. Total or selective losses of HLA class I antigens (classified into seven HLA class I altered phenotypes) represent one of the main routes of tumor escape from immune surveillance. Abnormal expression of HLA class I has been reported in different human tumor samples with distinct underlying mechanisms. Notably, different molecular mechanisms can generate the same altered HLA class I phenotype. Here, we describe various molecular mechanisms that can lead to HLA total loss or downregulation (phenotype I) in melanoma, colorectal carcinoma and bladder cancer.
Rodriguez
T
T
Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.
Aptsiauri
N
N
Méndez
R
R
Jimenez
P
P
Ruiz-Cabello
F
F
Garrido
F
F
D000071181:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2; D000071450:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics; D002884:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 / Q000235:genetics; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008545:Melanoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D010641:Phenotype; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology
D000071181:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2; D000071450:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; C073119:TAP1 protein, human; C071692:TAP2 protein, human