title: Refinement of intrathymic injection in mice.
abstract: Direct intrathymic injection is a common procedure used in several types of experimental protocols in the mouse. Currently available approaches involve major surgical procedures that expose the thoracic cavity, resulting in an increased risk of poor recovery and postsurgical complications. The authors sought to refine this surgery to reduce animal pain and distress without compromising overall efficiency of the technique. Using a minimally invasive method that does not expose the thoracic cavity, the authors gave accurately placed intrathymic injections, as confirmed by analyses with a reporter dye. They describe this new approach for intrathymic injection in mice that reduces complications associated with lengthy periods of anesthesia and thoracic cavity exposure.
authors: Animal Facility, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain. tcueva@cnb.uam.es
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: de la Cueva
authors: Angel
authors: A
authors: Naranjo
authors: Ernesto
authors: E
authors: de la Cueva
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Rubio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007267:Injections / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D051379:Mice / Q000601:surgery*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000601:surgery*