title: Results of hearing tests after total middle ear reconstruction.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Patients treated by mastoidectomy in the past often present with hearing loss and cavity problems such as pus discharge. Total middle ear reconstruction (TMER) improves the hearing of these patients by correcting cavity problems and resolution of ear discharge, which facilitates ossicular chain reconstruction such as type III or type IV tympanoplasty.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of TMER in improving hearing.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the audiograms of 56 ears of 48 patients who underwent TMER in combination with either type III or type IV tympanoplasty. Audiometric pure tone thresholds averaged over three frequencies (500, 1000, and 2000, pure tone average) were measured and compared before and after surgery. Successful outcome was defined as improvement of 15 dB or more. The mean follow-up was 5.7 years (range 1.1-12.6). We also analyzed the relations between hearing improvement and factors such as type of tympanoplasty (types III and IV), choice between one-stage and two-stage operation, and the interval between original mastoidectomy and final operation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean hearing gain was 13.6 (+/-11.9) dB. Twenty-seven procedures (48.2%) were considered successful, with improvement of 15 dB or more. The results of type III tympanoplasty group were significantly superior to those of type IV (p<0.05, Student's t test). One- and two-stage surgery did not significantly influence outcome. The interval between the initial operation correlated weakly and negatively (r = - 0.266, p<0.05) with hearing gain.
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655. Japan. torusasaki-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors: Toru
authors: T
authors: Sasaki
authors: Anting
authors: A
authors: Xu
authors: Shin-ichi
authors: S
authors: Ishimoto
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Ito
authors: Tatsuya
authors: T
authors: Yamasoba
authors: Kimitaka
authors: K
authors: Kaga
mesh_terms: D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006320:Hearing Tests; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008416:Mastoid / Q000601:surgery*; D008417:Mastoiditis / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009225:Myringoplasty / Q000379:methods; D009998:Ossicular Prosthesis; D010035:Otitis Media, Suppurative / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014433:Tympanoplasty / Q000379:methods*