title: In vivo mouse imaging and spectroscopy in drug discovery.
abstract: Imaging modalities such as micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), micro-positron emission tomography (micro-PET), high-resolution MRI, optical imaging, and high-resolution ultrasound have become invaluable tools in preclinical pharmaceutical research. They can be used to non-invasively investigate, in vivo, rodent biology and metabolism, disease models, and pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs. The advantages and limitations of each approach usually determine its application, and therefore a small-rodent imaging laboratory in a pharmaceutical environment should ideally provide access to several techniques. In this paper we aim to illustrate how these techniques may be used to obtain meaningful information for the phenotyping of transgenic mice and for the analysis of compounds in murine models of disease.
authors: Discovery Technologies, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Lichtstrasse 35, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. nicolau.beckmann@novartis.com
authors: Nicolau
authors: N
authors: Beckmann
authors: Rainer
authors: R
authors: Kneuer
authors: Hans-Ulrich
authors: HU
authors: Gremlich
authors: Harry
authors: H
authors: Karmouty-Quintana
authors: François-Xavier
authors: FX
authors: Blé
authors: Matthias
authors: M
authors: Müller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D051379:Mice; D015335:Molecular Probes; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D015335:Molecular Probes