title: Detection and genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in wastewater: relation between assemblages and faecal contamination origin.
abstract: Among the seven assemblages identified in Giardia duodenalis species, only assemblages A and B infect humans and numerous other mammals as well. On the other hand, assemblage E is considered to be host restricted to livestock. The aim of the present study was to compare the presence of G. duodenalis assemblages A, B and E in wastewater samples from two municipal treatment plants (n=24) and one slaughterhouse (n=12). Thus, PCR assays targeting the tpi gene were developed to detect specifically these three G. duodenalis assemblages. Assemblages A and B were detected in urban wastewater with a predominance of assemblage A, especially for one treatment plant. Concerning slaughterhouse wastewater, assemblage A was found in 58% of the samples, whereas assemblage B was not detected. Assemblage E was not detected in urban wastewater, but was found in 92% of the samples from slaughterhouse. Thus, combination of assemblages A and B seemed to indicate a human contamination origin, while combination of assemblages A and E appeared to correspond to a livestock contamination origin.
authors: LCPME-Equipe Microbiologie et Physique, UMR 7564 CNRS Nancy University, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Albert Lebrun, BP 80 403, 54 001 Nancy Cedex, France. Isabelle.Bertrand@pharma.uhp-nancy.fr
authors: Isabelle
authors: I
authors: Bertrand
authors: Janine
authors: J
authors: Schwartzbrod
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D000818:Animals; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology*; D005838:Genotype; D005872:Giardia / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D014876:Water Pollution / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014873:Water Pollutants