Age-related changes in reading systems of dyslexic children.
OBJECTIVE
To examine age-related changes in the neural systems for reading in nonimpaired and dyslexic children and adolescents.


METHODS
Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to study age-related changes in the neural systems for reading in a cross-sectional sample of 232 right-handed children 7 to 18 years of age (113 dyslexic readers and 119 nonimpaired readers) as they read pseudowords.


RESULTS
In nonimpaired readers, systems in the left anterior lateral occipitotemporal area developed with age, whereas systems in the right superior and middle frontal regions decreased. In contrast, in dyslexic readers, systems in the left posterior medial occipitotemporal regions developed with age. Older nonimpaired readers were left lateralized in the anterior lateral occipitotemporal area; there was no difference in asymmetry between younger and older dyslexic readers.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings offer a possible neurobiological explanation for the differences in reading acquisition between dyslexic and nonimpaired readers and provide further evidence of the critical role of the left occipitotemporal region in the development of reading.
Shaywitz
Bennett A
BA
Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510-8064, USA. bennett.shaywitz@yale.edu
Skudlarski
Pawel
P
Holahan
John M
JM
Marchione
Karen E
KE
Constable
R Todd
RT
Fulbright
Robert K
RK
Zelterman
Daniel
D
Lacadie
Cheryl
C
Shaywitz
Sally E
SE
D000293:Adolescent; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D004410:Dyslexia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011932:Reading; D012044:Regression Analysis
D010100:Oxygen