title: Somatic mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau disease gene in renal carcinomas occurring in patients with long-term dialysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) frequently occurs in patients with long-term dialysis. Long-term dialysis causes distinctive pathological changes in the kidney, which is known as acquired cystic disease of the kidney (ACDK). It is of great interest to know whether RCCs occurring in the dialytic kidneys harbour the same or similar mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene as conventional dialysis-unrelated clear cell RCCs so often do.
  
  
  METHODS
  Renal cancer tissues (eight clear cell, two papillary, one Bellini duct and three of the so-called dialysis-specific renal carcinomas) from 13 patients undergoing long-term dialysis were examined for somatic mutations of the VHL disease gene. By means of laser capture microdissection, cancerous and surrounding non-cancerous renal tissues from dialytic patients were subjected to PCR-based direct sequencing of the VHL gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Direct forward and reverse sequencing showed that three tumours possessed VHL gene mutations (713delG, 500-504del5-bp and 709A>G). These three mutations were identified in clear cell carcinomas occurring in association with end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis for 194, 147 and 125 months. None of the non-tumour tissues or other carcinoma tissues analysed, including dialysis-specific carcinoma, possessed VHL gene mutations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that VHL tumour-suppressor gene mutation is involved in clear cell carcinoma in association with long-term dialysis. Mutation of the VHL gene was not found in any of the dialysis-specific RCCs studied herein.
authors: Department of Specific Organ Regulation (Urology), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, and Department of Urology, Inoue Hospital, Suita, Japan.
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Inoue
authors: Norio
authors: N
authors: Nonomura
authors: Yasuyuki
authors: Y
authors: Kojima
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Shiba
authors: Daizo
authors: D
authors: Oka
authors: Yasuyuki
authors: Y
authors: Arai
authors: Masashi
authors: M
authors: Nakayama
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Takayama
authors: Kazuo
authors: K
authors: Nishimura
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Mori
authors: Akihiko
authors: A
authors: Okuyama
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine; D000368:Aged; D001483:Base Sequence; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006147:Guanine; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D006147:Guanine; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein; C497446:VHL protein, human; D000225:Adenine