title: Effect of water storage time and composite cement thickness on fatigue of a glass-ceramic trilayer system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Static Hertzian contact tests of monolayer glass-ceramics in trilayer configurations (glass-ceramic/cement/composite) have shown that thick cement layers lower strength. This study sought to test the hypothesis that thick resin cement layers lower mouth motion fatigue reliability for flat glass-ceramic/cement/composite trilayer systems and that aging in water reduces reliability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dicor plates (n > or = 12 per group) (10 x 10 x 0.8 mm(3)) were aluminum-oxide abraded (50 microm), etched (60 s), silanized, and bonded (Rely X ARC) to water aged (30 days) Z100 resin blocks (10 x 10 x 4 mm(3)). Four groups were prepared: (1) thick cement layer (>100 microm) stored in water for 24-48 h, (2) thick cement layer stored for 60 days, (3) thin cement layer (< or =100 microm) stored for 24-48 h, and (4) thin cement layer stored for 60 days. The layered structures were fatigued (2 Hz) utilizing mouth motion loading with a step-stress acceleration method. A master Weibull distribution was calculated and reliability determined (with 90% confidence intervals) at a given number of cycles and load.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The aged group (60 d) with thick cement layer had statistically lower reliability for 20,000 cycles at 150 N peak load (0.11) compared with both nonaged groups (24-48 h) (thin layer = 0.90 and thick layer = 0.82) and aged group with thin cement layer (0.89).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trilayer specimens with thick cement layers exhibited significantly lower reliability under fatigue testing only when stored for 60 days in water. The hypothesis was accepted. These results suggest that diffusion of water into the resin cement and also to the glass-ceramic interface is delayed in the thick cement specimens at 24-48 h. .
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Nelson R F A
authors: NR
authors: Silva
authors: Grace M
authors: GM
authors: de Souza
authors: Paulo G
authors: PG
authors: Coelho
authors: Christian F J
authors: CF
authors: Stappert
authors: Elizabeth A
authors: EA
authors: Clark
authors: Elizabeth D
authors: ED
authors: Rekow
authors: Van P
authors: VP
authors: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry*; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D010969:Plastics; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; D010969:Plastics; D014867:Water; D000537:Aluminum Oxide