Characterization of highly toxic type 2 ribosome-inactivating proteins from Adenia lanceolata and Adenia stenodactyla (Passifloraceae).
From the caudices of the Passifloraceae Adenia lanceolata and A. stenodactyla, two lectins called lanceolin and stenodactylin, respectively, were purified by affinity chromatography on CL Sepharose 6B. The lectins are glycoproteins with M(r) 61,243 (lanceolin) and 63,131 (stenodactylin), consisting of an enzymatic A chain linked to a larger B chain with lectin properties, with N-terminal amino acid sequences similar to that of volkensin, the toxic lectin from A. volkensii. The lectins agglutinate red blood cells, inhibit protein synthesis both by a cell-free system and by whole cells, and depurinate ribosomes and DNA, but not tRNA or poly(A). They are highly toxic to cells, in which they induce apoptosis, and to mice, with LD(50)s 8.16 microg/kg (lanceolin) and 2.76 microg/kg (stenodactylin) at 48 h. Thus, lanceolin and stenodactylin have all the properties of the toxic type 2 ribosome-inactivating proteins and are amongst the most potent toxins of plant origin.
Stirpe
Fiorenzo
F
Dipartimento di Patologia sperimentale, Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. fiorenzostirpe@libero.it
Bolognesi
Andrea
A
Bortolotti
Massimo
M
Farini
Valentina
V
Lubelli
Chiara
C
Pelosi
Emanuele
E
Polito
Letizia
L
Dozza
Barbara
B
Strocchi
Paola
P
Chambery
Angela
A
Parente
Augusto
A
Barbieri
Luigi
L
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006386:Hemagglutination Tests; D006801:Humans; D037102:Lectins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D031683:Passifloraceae / Q000201:enzymology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D011817:Rabbits; D054790:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 2 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein
D037102:Lectins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D054790:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 2; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; C523577:lanceolin protein, Adenia lanceolata; C523578:stenodactylin protein, Adenia stenodactyla