title: Cinacalcet is effective in relapses of secondary hyperparathyroidism after parathyroidectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Relapses of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPTH) after parathyroidectomy (PTx) in haemodialysis patients are relatively frequent. Calcimimetics (cinacalcet HCl) offer a new therapeutic opportunity for their treatment. However, no data about the treatment with cinacalcet of relapses of SHPTH after PTx are available in literature. The aim of this single-centre prospective study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of cinacalcet in this high-risk category of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve haemodialysis patients of our Dialysis Unit had a relapse of SHPTH after PTx, defined as serum levels of immunoreactive intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH)>300 pg/ml. They were stratified into a treatment group (the six patients having the highest serum levels of iPTH) and a control group (the remaining six patients): the former were treated for 6 months with a dose of cinacalcet ranging from 30 mg every other day to 60 mg a day; the latter continued to be administered the conventional treatment. Serum levels of albumin, iPTH, calcium (Ca), phosphate (P) and alkaline phosphatase were determined monthly. The treatment group included four cases of nodular hyperplasia and two cases of carcinoma of parathyroid glands, whereas the control group included four cases of nodular hyperplasia and two cases of diffuse hyperplasia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the start of the study, the six patients treated with cinacalcet showed a more severe picture of biochemical abnormalities when compared with the control patients. After 6 months of treatment, a statistically significant reduction in the serum levels of iPTH, Ca, P and CaxP product was obtained only in the patients treated with cinacalcet. Symptomatic episodes of hypocalcaemia (serum Ca<7.0 mg/dl) were observed in three patients of this group. The six patients undergoing the conventional treatment showed at 6 months a not significant decrease in the mean serum levels of iPTH and a not significant increase in the mean serum levels of Ca, P and CaxP product, when compared with the baseline values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our single-centre prospective study, even though small and of short duration, shows that cinacalcet is effective also in controlling relapses of SHPTH after PTx, thus representing a solid, and sometimes unique, therapeutic opportunity for this high-risk category of patients.
authors: Division of Nephrology, Miulli General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy.
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: Lomonte
authors: Maurizio
authors: M
authors: Antonelli
authors: Nicola
authors: N
authors: Losurdo
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: Marchio
authors: Bernardo
authors: B
authors: Giammaria
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: Basile
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D000069449:Cinacalcet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006962:Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D016105:Parathyroidectomy; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D019233:Retreatment; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009281:Naphthalenes; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010758:Phosphorus; D002118:Calcium; D000069449:Cinacalcet