title: Nitrous oxide does not aggravate postoperative emesis after orthognathic surgery in female and nonsmoking patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplemental nitrous oxide on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after propofol anesthesia for orthognathic surgery in female and nonsmoking patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared PONV in 28 ASA-I female nonsmoking patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. Anesthesia was induced with propofol combined with fentanyl, and tracheal intubation was facilitated with vecuronium. Anesthesia was maintained with propofol with or without nitrous oxide. No patient received neostigmine. PONV was assessed as score 0 (no PONV), score 1 (nausea), and score 2 (vomiting) during the 24-hour recovery period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no differences in the patients' characteristics, operation, anesthesia and emergence time, fluid transfusion, blood loss, urine output, and total propofol and fentanyl doses between the 2 groups. There was also no difference in PONV score in 2 groups. Only 1 patient in each group vomited.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is suggested that supplemental nitrous oxide does not aggravate PONV after propofol anesthesia for orthognathic surgery in female nonsmoking patients.
authors: Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan. ichinohe@tdc.ac.jp
authors: Tatsuya
authors: T
authors: Ichinohe
authors: Yuzuru
authors: Y
authors: Kaneko
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019340:Osteotomy, Le Fort / Q000379:methods*; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015742:Propofol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D015742:Propofol