title: The effects of sevoflurane anesthesia on rat brain proteins: a proteomic time-course analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent studies showed changes in cerebral protein expression up to 3 days after desflurane anesthesia in rats. In the present study, we investigated the existence of persisting changes on the proteome level after sevoflurane anesthesia that persisted for as long as 28 days after anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were anesthetized by spontaneous inhalation of 2.4% sevoflurane in air for 3 h. Animals (n = 6 for each group) were killed either directly, 72 h, or 28 days after anesthesia. Brains were removed and subjected to global protein expression profiling based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Expression factors were compared to results from untreated conscious animals at each time point. Data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA (P < 0.01) and a cut of more than two-fold change in the expression factor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found 11 protein spots differentially regulated directly after anesthesia. Seventeen proteins were differentially expressed 72 h after the anesthesia. Only one spot was differentially regulated 28 days after anesthesia. The plausible targets of these differentially regulated proteins can be attributed to synaptic vesicle handling and cell-cell communication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sevoflurane induced relevant changes in protein expression profiles directly and 72 h after an anesthesia with 1 MAC. Twenty-eight days after the anesthesia, all proteins except one had returned to baseline levels of abundance.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany. armin.kalenka@urz.uni-hd.de
authors: Armin
authors: A
authors: Kalenka
authors: Jochen
authors: J
authors: Hinkelbein
authors: Robert E
authors: RE
authors: Feldmann
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Kuschinsky
authors: Klaus F
authors: KF
authors: Waschke
authors: Martin H
authors: MH
authors: Maurer
mesh_terms: D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008738:Methyl Ethers; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000077149:Sevoflurane