title: [Basic research on vocal fold dynamics: three-dimensional vibration analysis of human and canine larynges].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The understanding of normal and pathological vocal fold dynamics is the basis for a pathophysiological motivated voice therapy. Crucial vocal fold dynamics concerning voice production occur at the medial part of the vocal fold which is seen as the most critical region of mucosal wave propagation. Due to the limited size of the larynx the possibilities of laryngeal imaging by endoscopic techniques are limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  This work describes an experimental set-up that enables quantification of the entire medial and superior vocal fold surface using excised human and in vivo canine larynges.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The data obtained enable analysis of vocal fold deflections, velocities, and mucosal wave propagation. The reciprocal dependencies can be examined and different areas of vocal fold dynamics located. The vertical components obscured in clinical endoscopy can be visualized. This is not negligible.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In particular it is shown that the vertical deflection, which cannot be observed by clinical examination, plays an important part in the dynamics and therefore cannot be omitted for therapeutic procedures. The theoretically assumed entrainment and influence of the two main vibration modes enabling normal phonation is confirmed.
authors: Abteilung für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany. michael.doellinger@phoni.imed.uni-erlangen.de
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Döllinger
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Rosanowski
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Eysholdt
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Lohscheller
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods*; D013018:Sound Spectrography / Q000379:methods*; D013068:Speech Production Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D018511:Systems Integration; D014732:Vibration; D014741:Video Recording; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*