title: Blood flow and microdialysis in the human femoral head.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  If it would be possible to detect lack of flow and/or the development of ischemia in bone, we might have a way of predicting whether a broken bone will heal. We established microdialysis (MD) and laser Doppler (LD) flow measurement in the human femoral head in order to be able to detect ischemia and measure changes in blood flow.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 9 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty for primary osteoarthrosis, two MD catheters were inserted into the femoral head through two drill holes after the blood flow had been visualized by LD. Then primary samples were collected with the femoral head in situ; thereafter, the head was removed and samples were collected over the following 4 hours ex vivo. The variables obtained by MD were concentrations of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, and glycerol in extracellular fluid.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed development of ischemia with a statistically significant decrease in glucose concentration and elevation of the lactate/pyruvate ratio over time. The LD showed flow with the femoral head in situ and lack of flow when the femoral head was removed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of MD was established in the human femoral head. Ischemic levels were detected within 2 h of cessation of blood flow in most patients.
authors: Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. morten.b.Pedersen@ouh.fyns-amt.dk
authors: Morten
authors: M
authors: Bøgehøj
authors: Claus
authors: C
authors: Emmeluth
authors: Søren
authors: S
authors: Overgaard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; D005260:Female; D005270:Femur Head / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis; D007773:Lactates / Q000378:metabolism; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology; D017551:Microdialysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D011773:Pyruvates / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates; D011773:Pyruvates; D005947:Glucose; D005990:Glycerol