Emotion perception and social skill over the course of psychosis: a comparison of individuals "at-risk" for psychosis and individuals with early and chronic schizophrenia spectrum illness.
BACKGROUND
Deficits in emotion perception and social skill have been well established in schizophrenia; however, little is known about the extent of these deficits across the course of the illness; that is, prior to illness onset and as the duration of the illness increases.


METHODS
We compared emotion perception (i.e., the Face Emotion Identification Task [FEIT] and Face Emotion Discrimination Task [FEDT]; Kerr & Neale, 1993) and social skill (Conversation Probe role-play test) performance in four groups: individuals "at risk" for psychosis who met criteria for a prodromal state, individuals early in the course of a schizophrenia spectrum illness (SSI), individuals with a chronic SSI, and healthy control individuals.


RESULTS
At-risk individuals did not significantly differ from control participants on emotion perception measures; however, early and chronic SSI groups performed significantly worse than controls, although not different from one another. Conversely, there was evidence that deficits in social skill are present prior to illness onset. Consistent with the findings for the emotion perception tasks, early and chronic SSI groups showed comparable levels of social skill impairment.


CONCLUSIONS
Social skill deficits may be a vulnerability marker for schizophrenia, and it appears that the initial psychotic episode represents a critical point for the emergence of emotion perception deficits in schizophrenia spectrum illnesses.
Pinkham
Amy E
AE
Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA.
Penn
David L
DL
Perkins
Diana O
DO
Graham
Karen A
KA
Siegel
Monica
M
D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D002908:Chronic Disease; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological; D018450:Disease Progression; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012919:Social Behavior; D012938:Social Perception; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires