title: Emissions from baled municipal solid waste: II. Effects of different treatments and baling techniques on the emission of volatile organic compounds.
abstract: This paper focuses on the volatile organic compound emissions from baled municipal solid waste (MSW). The analytical methodology was based on sampling with adsorbent tubes once a month during seven occasions within a time period of 1 year. Automated analyses were carried out on-line work-up with thermal desorption directly connected to a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The effect of different baling techniques, cylindrical and rectangular baling was compared. It was found that cylindrically baled MSW emitted larger concentration of esters than their rectangular counter parts. Conversely, aromatic compounds emissions dominated in rectangularly baled MSW. This indicates that different degradation mechanisms operate in the waste bales. Cylindrical and rectangular bales are generally wrapped with six layers of 250 microm thick low density polyethylene (LDPE). It was observed that by wrapping an extra six layers of LDPE film onto the bales, the emissions from cylindrical bales increased while emissions from the rectangular counterpart decreased. Over time, the volatile organic compound emissions from cylindrical bales decreased two orders of magnitudes from 96.2 +/- 20.8 microg m(-3) in September 2003 to 0.80 +/- 0.07 microg m(-3) in July 2004. The rectangular bales exhibited an almost identical relative emission reduction from 54.4 +/- 4.3 microg m(-3) in September 2003 to 0.46 +/- 0.02 microg m(-3) in July 2004. Future work will concentrate on full-scale storages, taking into account waste type, storage size, temperature development and the different baling techniques among other variables.
authors: Environmental Engineering, Department of Technology, University of Kalmar, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden. diauddin.nammari@hik.se
authors: Diauddin R
authors: DR
authors: Nammari
authors: Marcia
authors: M
authors: Marques
authors: William
authors: W
authors: Hogland
authors: Lennart
authors: L
authors: Mathiasson
authors: Lars
authors: L
authors: Thörneby
authors: Lennart
authors: L
authors: Mårtensson
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis; D020959:Polyethylene; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature; D014919:Wind
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D020959:Polyethylene