Perinatal periods of risk analysis of infant mortality in Jackson County, Missouri.
The perinatal periods of risk (PPOR) methodology provides an easy-to-use analytical approach to infant mortality that helps focus community initiatives for improving maternal and infant health. Because few analyses have been published, many public health practitioners may be unfamiliar with PPOR. This article demonstrates the application of PPOR analysis using infant mortality in Jackson County, Missouri. While the PPOR consists of two phases, this analysis was restricted to the initial phase of the overall process. The second phase builds on the initial findings and prioritizes the contributing factors of fetal/infant mortality so that targeted interventions can be developed. For Jackson County, the PPOR analysis found that racial and geographic disparities existed and, for very low-birth-weight infants, different interventions strategies may be needed on the basis of race. In addition, a mother who experienced a fetal or infant death was more likely to have had a medical risk factor, to have smoked cigarettes, to have started prenatal care after the first trimester or received no prenatal care, and to have been nulliparous.
Cai
Jinwen
J
Office of Epidemiology and Community Health Monitoring, Kansas City Health Department, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, USA.
Hoff
Gerald L
GL
Archer
Rex
R
Jones
Larry D
LD
Livingston
Paula S
PS
Guillory
V James
VJ
D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D046689:Fetal Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D005843:Geography; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007224:Infant Care; D007226:Infant Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D008923:Missouri / Q000453:epidemiology; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care; D011635:Public Health Administration; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014504:Urban Health; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data