[Relationship between clinical manifestations and renal pathology in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis].
OBJECTIVE
This study investigated the clinical manifestations and renal pathological findings of 95 children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) in order to explore the relationship between clinical manifestations and renal pathology in HSPN.


METHODS
According to clinical manifestations, 95 HSP patients were classified into six clinical groups: 1) normal urine analysis; 2) isolated hematuria or proteinuria; 3) proteinuria with hematuria; 4) acute nephritis; 5) nephrotic syndrome; 6) acute nephritis with over 50 mg/(kg.d) of proteinuria. The severity of the renal pathological findings was determined based on the classification of the International Study of Kidney Disease (ISKDC), including grades I-VI. The relationship between clinical manifestations and the severity of renal pathological findings was studied.


RESULTS
Nephrotic syndrome was the most common clinical diagnosis (26 cases), followed by proteinuria with hematuria (23 cases), normal urine analysis (20 cases), isolated hematuria or proteinuria (15 cases), acute nephritis with over 50 mg/(kg.d) of proteinuria (7 cases) and acute nephritis (4 cases). Twenty-five out of 26 patients with nephrotic syndrome had an ISKDC classification of grade III-IV. All of the four patients with acute nephrits had a classification of grade IIIb. The 7 cases of acute nephritis with over 50 mg/(kg.d) of proteinuria had a classification of grade IIIa-V. The 20 patients with normal urine analysis had a classification of grade Iia- IIIb. There were no significant differences in ISKDC classification among the patients with normal urine analysis, isolated hematuria or proteinuria, and hematuria plus proteinuria. As the course progressed, the degree of renal pathological changes in patients with isolated hematuria or proteinuria and hematuria plus proteinuria became more serious. Of all the 95 patients, 58% had co-deposition of immunoglobulins A, G and M. The percentage of co-deposition of immunoglobulins A, G and M was related to the disease course and the severity of renal pathological findings.


CONCLUSIONS
HSPN children with nephrotic syndrome or acute nephritis with or without proteinuria had relatively severe renal pathological changes. The clinical manifestations were not always in parallel with the severity of renal pathological findings in HSPN children. With the course progressing, the renal pathological changes tended to be serious. The severe renal pathological manifestations came with co-deposition of immunogolobulins A, G and M in the glomerulin.
Zhang
Guo-Zhen
GZ
Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Wu
Xiao-Chuan
XC
Yi
Hong
H
Peng
Xiao-Jie
XJ
Dang
Xi-Qiang
XQ
He
Xiao-Jie
XJ
Yi
Zhu-Wen
ZW
D000293:Adolescent; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011695:IgA Vasculitis / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009393:Nephritis / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*
D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex