title: Regulation of the cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchanger by calcineurin and protein kinase C.
abstract: Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) activity is markedly inhibited in hypertrophic neonatal rat cardiomyocytes subjected to chronic phenylephrine treatment. This inhibition is reversed partially and independently by acute inhibition of calcineurin and protein kinase C (PKC) activities. Similar NCX inhibition occurs in CCL39 cells expressing cloned wild-type NCX1, when they are infected with adenoviral vectors carrying activated calcineurin A and then treated acutely with phorbol myristoyl acetate or protein phosphatase-1 inhibitors. The data obtained with these cells suggest that calcineurin activity, PKCalpha-mediated NCX1 phosphorylation, and the central loop of NCX1 (possibly its beta1 repeat) are required for the observed NCX inhibition. We observe partial inhibition of NCX activity independent of NCX1 phosphorylation when CCL39 cells are infected with activated calcineurin A but not further treated with phorbol myristoyl acetate or phosphatase inhibitors. Calcineurin thus appears to downregulate NCX activity via two independent mechanisms, one involving NCX1 phosphorylation and the other not involving NCX1 phosphorylation. These data indicate the existence of a novel regulatory mechanism for NCX1 involving calcineurin and PKC, which may be important in cardiac pathology.
authors: Department of Human Life Sciences, Senri-Kinran University, Fujishiro-dai 5-25-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0873, Japan. shigekaw@ri.ncvc.go.jp
authors: Munekazu
authors: M
authors: Shigekawa
authors: Yuki
authors: Y
authors: Katanosaka
authors: Shigeo
authors: S
authors: Wakabayashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019703:Calcineurin / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D051381:Rats; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019703:Calcineurin; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1