Neurobiology of cocaine addiction: implications for new pharmacotherapy.
The development of pharmacotherapies for cocaine addiction has been disappointingly slow. However, new neurobiological knowledge of how the brain is changed by chronic pharmacological insult with cocaine is revealing novel targets for drug development. Certain drugs currently being tested in clinical trials tap into the underlying cocaine-induced neuroplasticity, including drugs promoting GABA or inhibiting glutamate transmission. Armed with rationales derived from a neurobiological perspective that cocaine addiction is a pharmacologically induced disease of neuroplasticity in brain circuits mediating normal reward learning, one can expect novel pharmacotherapies to emerge that directly target the biological pathology of addiction.
Kalivas
Peter W
PW
Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina. Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA. kalivasp@musc.edu
D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D018079:Receptors, GABA / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012201:Reward; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects
D018079:Receptors, GABA; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D004298:Dopamine