title: Lateral hypothalamic 'command neurons' with axonal projections to regions involved in both feeding and thermogenesis.
abstract: The concept of 'command neurons', whereby single neurons mediate complex and complementary motor functions to generate a stereotyped behaviour, is well developed in invertebrate physiology. The term has also been adopted more recently to explain the neural basis of 'fight or flight'. In this study we have investigated the possibility that single lateral hypothalamic neurons have the necessary neuroanatomical connections to coordinate two complementary limbs of body weight control, feeding and thermogenesis, thereby acting as 'command neurons'. The transynaptic retrograde transport of pseudorabies virus (Bartha) from a thermogenic endpoint in the brown adipose tissue of rats has been used in conjunction with other neuronal tracers, introduced into putative CNS feeding centres, to assess the potential for the involvement of command neurons in coordinating these processes. In discrete regions of the lateral hypothalamus, neurons have been identified which have the necessary complement of orexigenic peptides and collateral branching axons to both putative feeding sites and thermogenic sites in brown fat to qualify as candidate central command neurons controlling body weight.
authors: Department of Physiology, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia. brian.oldfield@med.monash.edu.au
authors: B J
authors: BJ
authors: Oldfield
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Allen
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Davern
authors: M E
authors: ME
authors: Giles
authors: N C
authors: NC
authors: Owens
mesh_terms: D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D011558:Herpesvirus 1, Suid / Q000378:metabolism; D007026:Hypothalamic Area, Lateral / Q000166:cytology*; D007028:Hypothalamic Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008543:Melanins / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D000068797:Orexins; D010907:Pituitary Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D000098882:Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Protein
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007028:Hypothalamic Hormones; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008543:Melanins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D000068797:Orexins; D010907:Pituitary Hormones; D000098882:Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Protein; C019463:melanin-concentrating hormone