title: Outbreak of waterborne cryptosporidiosis associated with low oocyst concentrations.
abstract: Water treatment plants in the United Kingdom at significant risk of cryptosporidiosis and using conventional filtration methods have been required to install 24-h monitoring systems since April 2000. No major waterborne outbreaks have been described since 2001. Small outbreaks have been associated with water. This paper describes such an outbreak. Data from a local multi-agency surveillance system was used to describe the outbreak, including mapping cases against water supply zones. A case-control study investigated hypotheses raised. All cases were genotype 1. Early cases were in the supply zone of a surface water-treatment plant that had met treatment standards. Later cases included residents in a different supply zone that temporarily received water from the implicated plant. Cases reported more consumption of domestic mains water than controls. Descriptive and analytical epidemiology thus supported drinking water as a source of cryptosporidiosis from a plant meeting regulatory requirements. The evidence for setting drinking-water standards needs review.
authors: Hampshire and Isle of Wight Health Protection Unit, Portsmouth, UK. edmundo.neira@ports.nhs.uk
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Neira-Munoz
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Okoro
authors: N D
authors: ND
authors: McCarthy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000469:parasitology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D033661:Oocysts; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D014867:Water / Q000469:parasitology*; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D014867:Water