title: Prospective study of low-dose cyclosporine A in patients with refractory lupus nephritis.
abstract: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of low-dose cyclosporine A (CsA) in patients with refractory lupus nephritis. Nine patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had lupus nephritis resistant to previous treatment with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants other than CsA were enrolled in a prospective, open-label study. All patients initially received 2.5 mg/kg per day of CsA; the dosage was adjusted to reach a blood trough level of 80-150 ng/ml. The urinary protein concentration decreased significantly 2 weeks after the initiation of treatment. After 30 weeks of CsA treatment, the mean urinary protein concentration was more than 50% lower than the baseline value, and urinary casts had decreased significantly. There were no significant changes in the levels of serum creatinine, serum anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies, or CH50 during any part of the study. The dose of glucocorticoids was significantly tapered by approximately 50%, without any disease flare. Hypertension developed in one patient, but was controlled with antihypertensive agents. Our results suggest that low-dose CsA therapy is an effective and less toxic alternative to conventional cyclophosphamide therapy for the management of refractory lupus nephritis.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Tsujido-machi, Kawagoe 350-8550, Japan. hirogawa@ymail.plala.or.jp
authors: Hiroe
authors: H
authors: Ogawa
authors: Hideto
authors: H
authors: Kameda
authors: Hayato
authors: H
authors: Nagasawa
authors: Naoya
authors: N
authors: Sekiguchi
authors: Hirofumi
authors: H
authors: Takei
authors: Kensei
authors: K
authors: Tsuzaka
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Amano
authors: Tsutomu
authors: T
authors: Takeuchi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008181:Lupus Nephritis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D016572:Cyclosporine; D011239:Prednisolone