title: Self-stigma, self-esteem and age in persons with schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The relationship between self-stigma and self-esteem in patients with schizophrenia is receiving increased attention. However, studies to date have been limited to samples of persons under the age of 65.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relationship between self-stigma and self-esteem in people with schizophrenia in both younger and older age groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Face-to-face interviews were completed with 86 inpatients with schizophrenia in a psychiatric hospital (mean age = 54, 55% female). Self-esteem was assessed using Rosenberg's Self Esteem Scale. Self-stigma was assessed using an adapted version of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Health (ISMI) scale. Information regarding socio-demographic characteristics and psychiatric history and symptomatology was collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Self-stigma was moderate with only 20-33% of the participants reporting high levels of stigmatization. Older participants reported lower levels of self-stigma than younger participants. A relatively strong association between self-stigma and self-esteem was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings point to the complexity of the association between self-stigma, self-esteem and age in people with schizophrenia. This study stresses the importance of clinicians taking the issue of self-stigma into consideration when treating young and old patients with schizophrenia.
authors: Department of Gerontology, University of Haifa, Israel. werner@research.haifa.ac.il
authors: Perla
authors: P
authors: Werner
authors: Alex
authors: A
authors: Aviv
authors: Yoram
authors: Y
authors: Barak
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001364:Awareness; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012649:Self Concept; D013240:Stereotyping; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires