The metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation.
The prevalence of diabetes and obesity is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide, and the causes of this pandemic are not fully understood. Chronic sleep curtailment is a behavior that has developed over the past 2-3 decades. Laboratory and epidemiological studies suggest that sleep loss may play a role in the increased prevalence of diabetes and/or obesity. Current data suggest the relationship between sleep restriction, weight gain and diabetes risk may involve at least three pathways: (1) alterations in glucose metabolism; (2) upregulation of appetite; and (3) decreased energy expenditure. The present article reviews the current evidence in support of these three mechanisms that might link short sleep and increased obesity and diabetes risk.
Knutson
Kristen L
KL
Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC 1027, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. kknutson@health.bsd.uchicago.edu
Spiegel
Karine
K
Penev
Plamen
P
Van Cauter
Eve
E
D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism*
D001786:Blood Glucose