title: Sodium valproate, hyperandrogenism and altered ovarian function in Indian women with epilepsy: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the association of long-term sodium valproate therapy with reproductive endocrine disorders in Indian women with generalized epilepsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical parameters, ovarian morphology, and serum reproductive hormone concentrations were evaluated in 30 clinically normal and eumenorrheic reproductive age women with generalized epilepsy who were newly initiated on valproate. Longitudinal evaluations were done in 25 of these women after 1 year, and in some of them after 2 and 3 years of therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 25 women who completed 1 year follow-up, we observed clinically relevant weight gain in 40%, hirsutism in 20%, menstrual abnormalities in 24%, polycystic ovaries (PCO) in 16%, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in 20%, and a significant increase in mean serum testosterone (p=0.046). A significant positive correlation existed between weight gain and the development of menstrual abnormalities (r=0.66, p<0.0001), hirsutism (r=0.53, p=0.006) and PCO (r=0.51, p=0.012). No correlation existed between weight change and serum reproductive hormonal changes. Yearly follow-up for next 2 years in some of these women revealed persistence of menstrual abnormalities, hirsutism and PCO, a significant linear increase in mean body weight, body mass index, and serum testosterone concentrations, and an increase in serum LH levels from second year onwards.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Limitations include small sample size and a high dropout rate on follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term valproate therapy in Indian women with generalized epilepsy is associated with development of hirsutism, significant weight gain, stable or progressive alterations in reproductive hormonal function, and ultimately a higher occurrence of PCOS.
authors: Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors: Sudesh
authors: S
authors: Prabhakar
authors: Preeti
authors: P
authors: Sahota
authors: Parampreet Singh
authors: PS
authors: Kharbanda
authors: Ravinder
authors: R
authors: Siali
authors: Vanita
authors: V
authors: Jain
authors: Vivek
authors: V
authors: Lal
authors: Dheeraj
authors: D
authors: Khurana
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006628:Hirsutism / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D017588:Hyperandrogenism / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008599:Menstruation Disturbances / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone; D014635:Valproic Acid; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone