title: A small mammal model of tumour implantation, dissemination and growth factor expression after partial hepatectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical resection remains the most effective therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer confined to the liver, although the extrahepatic recurrence rate is high.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop a mammal model in order to investigate by which mechanisms liver surgery affects distant tumour recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this animal study the effect of partial hepatectomy (phX) on the development of tumour noduli in the lungs was evaluated. CC531 rat colon carcinoma cells were inoculated i.v. 24h before, during or 24h after surgery. Rat serum was obtained at different time-points after phX and added to in vitro CC531 cell cultures. Finally, phX was compared with an ileum resection (ilX).
  
  
  RESULTS
  phX leads to increased tumour noduli in the lungs, compared to Sham operation (p=0.002), but only when performed directly before the injection of tumour cells and not when performed 24h before or after the inoculation. Comparable results were obtained for ilX. No growth stimulation of tumour cells after incubation with rat serum, obtained at different time-points after phX, could be detected in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Not only phX, but also surgery, in general promotes distant tumour recurrence exerting the effect during the early phase of tumour cell adhesion and not during tumour outgrowth.
authors: Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Hospital Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: A G J
authors: AG
authors: Aalbers
authors: M
authors: M
authors: ten Kate
authors: W M U
authors: WM
authors: van Grevenstein
authors: L J
authors: LJ
authors: Hofland
authors: E A C
authors: EA
authors: Wiemer
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Jeekel
authors: C H J
authors: CH
authors: van Eijck
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000556:secondary; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006498:Hepatectomy; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D008115:Liver Regeneration / Q000276:immunology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor