title: Xenotransplantation of testicular tissue into nude mice can be used for detecting leukemic cell contamination.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Xeno-grafting of testicular tissue may allow viable gamete maturation. This would be beneficial for prepubertal cancer patients in that it may allow restoration of fertility without the risk of a cancer relapse. However it is unknown whether cancer cells in the testicular graft can transmit the malignancy into the host animal and also if gametes can be retrieved from testicular grafts that are contaminated with malignant cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat T-cell leukemia was employed as the source of leukemic lymphoblasts and testicular tissue. This was injected i.p. (lymphoblasts) or grafted s.c. (fresh or cryopreserved testicular tissue) into the back skin of intact nude mice. To simulate clinical autografting, testicular tissue was also transplanted into healthy piebald variegated (PVG) rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  50-70% of the mice, receiving 200 or 6000 leukemic lymphoblasts, developed terminal leukemia. All mice, grafted with either fresh or cryopreserved testicular tissue from leukemic donor, developed generalized leukemia and/or local tumors. All syngenic PVG rats, treated in the same manner, died of generalized leukemia. In all of the retrieved leukemic grafts, rat spermatogenesis was destroyed and only leukemic infiltration was detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Grafting testicular tissue contaminated with leukemic cells led to tumor growth at the injection site without potential to differentiate germline stem cells into gametes. Xenografting could provide a novel functional strategy for simultaneous detection of malignant cell contamination and spermatogonial potential in testicular xenografts collected for fertility preservation.
authors: Department of Women and Child Health, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. mi.hou@ki.se
authors: Mi
authors: M
authors: Hou
authors: Margareta
authors: M
authors: Andersson
authors: Staffan
authors: S
authors: Eksborg
authors: Olle
authors: O
authors: Söder
authors: Kirsi
authors: K
authors: Jahnukainen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015458:Leukemia, T-Cell; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D051381:Rats; D013091:Spermatogenesis; D013093:Spermatogonia; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology*; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens