title: Characterization of a germ-line deletion, including the entire INK4/ARF locus, in a melanoma-neural system tumor family: identification of ANRIL, an antisense noncoding RNA whose expression coclusters with ARF.
abstract: We have previously detected a large germ-line deletion, which included the entire p15/CDKN2B-p16/CDKN2A-p14/ARF gene cluster, in the largest melanoma-neural system tumor (NST) syndrome family known to date by means of heterozygosity mapping based on microsatellite markers. Here, we used gene dose mapping with sequence-tagged site real-time PCR to locate the deletion end points, which were then precisely characterized by means of long-range PCR and nucleotide sequencing. The deletion was exactly 403,231 bp long and included the entire p15/CDKN2B, p16/CDKN2A, and p14/ARF genes. We then developed a simple and rapid assay to detect the junction fragment and to serve as a direct predictive DNA test for this large French family. We identified a new large antisense noncoding RNA (named ANRIL) within the 403-kb germ-line deletion, with a first exon located in the promoter of the p14/ARF gene and overlapping the two exons of p15/CDKN2B. Expression of ANRIL mainly coclustered with p14/ARF both in physiologic (various normal human tissues) and in pathologic conditions (human breast tumors). This study points to the existence of a new gene within the p15/CDKN2B-p16/CDKN2A-p14/ARF locus putatively involved in melanoma-NST syndrome families and in melanoma-prone families with no identified p16/CDKN2A mutations as well as in somatic tumors.
authors: Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire-Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U745, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Paris V.
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Pasmant
authors: Ingrid
authors: I
authors: Laurendeau
authors: Delphine
authors: D
authors: Héron
authors: Michel
authors: M
authors: Vidaud
authors: Dominique
authors: D
authors: Vidaud
authors: Ivan
authors: I
authors: Bièche
mesh_terms: D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D050762:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009423:Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010375:Pedigree; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016372:RNA, Antisense / Q000235:genetics*; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000235:genetics*; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C493966:CDKN2B protein, human; D050762:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D016372:RNA, Antisense; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF