title: Medical treatment of retrograde ejaculation in diabetic patients: a hope for spontaneous pregnancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Retrograde ejaculation (RE) is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus. Different therapeutic approaches are present, whether medical or surgical, with limited success rates.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study is to evaluate different drug regimens for the medical treatment of RE in diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three diabetic patients with RE (23 complete and 10 partial) were included in the study. Patients were given three sequential courses of medical treatment: imipramine 25 mg twice/day, pseudoephidrine 120 mg twice/day, or combination of the two drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Establishment of antegrade ejaculate in cases with complete RE and improvement of semen quality in case of partial RE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In cases with complete RE, imipramine was successful in producing antegrade ejaculate in 10 patients (38.5%), while pseudoephedrine was successful in 11 patients (47.8%), and both drugs given together was successful in 16 patients (61.5%). In cases with partial RE, there was significant increase in the antegrade semen sample as regards semen volume, sperm count, total, and progressive motility with imipramine alone, pseudoephidrine alone, and both drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From the present study we can conclude that medical treatment for RE in diabetic patients is a promising method and should be the first line of treatment in these cases.
authors: Kasr AlEini Hospital-Cairo University-Department of Andrology, Cairo, Egypt. mohamedarafa@email.com
authors: Mohamad
authors: M
authors: Arafa
authors: Omar
authors: O
authors: El Tabie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D004542:Ejaculation / Q000187:drug effects; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic