Methionine sulfoxide reduction and the aging process.
Aging has been described for multicellular and asymmetrically dividing organisms, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. Oxidation of proteins is considered to be one of the major factors that leads to aging. Oxidative damage to proteins results in the oxidation of certain amino acid residues, among which oxidation of sulfur-containing amino acids, methionine and cysteine, is notable because of the susceptibility of these residues to damage, and occurrence of repair mechanisms. Methionine sulfoxide reductases, MsrA and MsrB, are thioredoxin-dependent oxidoreductases that reduce oxidized forms of methionine, methionine sulfoxides, in a stereospecific manner. These enzymes are present in all cell types and have shown to be regulating life spans in mammals, insects, and yeast. Here, their roles in modulating yeast life span are discussed.
Koc
Ahmet
A
Department of Biology, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430 Urla, Izmir, Turkey. ahmetkoc@iyte.edu.tr
Gladyshev
Vadim N
VN
D000375:Aging; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry; D017353:Gene Deletion; D008715:Methionine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051150:Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases; D008957:Models, Genetic; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D013455:Sulfur / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors
D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D013455:Sulfur; D008715:Methionine; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D051150:Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases; C487504:MsrA protein, S cerevisiae; C027219:methionine sulfoxide reductase; C487505:MXR2 protein, S cerevisiae; D003545:Cysteine; C013111:methionine sulfoxide