title: T- and B-lymphocytes in patients with schizophrenia in acute psychotic episode and the course of the treatment.
abstract: Schizophrenia is associated with alterations of the immune system. There are, however, only limited data dealing with immune parameters in unmedicated schizophrenic patients and the course of these parameters during treatment. In this study, we monitored CD19+ (B)- and CD3+ (T)-lymphocytes in the course of antipsychotic treatment. Forty patients diagnosed with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia were tested before and after 3 days, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 3 months of treatment with antipsychotics. The percentages of CD19+- and CD3+ -lymphocytes were analysed by flow cytometry using fluorescence conjugated anti-CD19 and anti-CD3 antibodies. Twenty healthy volunteers served as controls. In the acute state of psychosis, a significant reduction of the CD3+ -lymphocyte subpopulation was observed, while the percentage of CD19(+)-lymphocytes was increased. Both subpopulations levelled to those of the control group in the course of treatment. As expected, the levels of the immune parameters did not change in the healthy controls during the course of the study. The observed alterations of the CD19+ - and CD3+ -lymphocytes in the acute state of psychosis especially in patients with the paranoid subtype of schizophrenia, and the "normalization" during the observation period are discussed under the aspect of the immune hypothesis of schizophrenia, in particular of the type-1/type-2 imbalance hypothesis.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Ludwig-Maximilians-University, München, Germany. katja.maino@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors: Katja
authors: K
authors: Maino
authors: Rudolf
authors: R
authors: Gruber
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Riedel
authors: Nicki
authors: N
authors: Seitz
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Schwarz
authors: Norbert
authors: N
authors: Müller
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D018941:Antigens, CD19 / Q000276:immunology; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011598:Psychoneuroimmunology / Q000379:methods; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D018941:Antigens, CD19; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D017252:CD3 Complex