title: Drug therapy problems found in ambulatory patient populations in Minnesota and South Australia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare drug therapy problems identified by pharmacists in two patient samples, the Minnesota Sample and the South Australian Sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two patient samples were selected for this comparison. Both sets of patients received pharmaceutical care services from pharmaceutical care practitioners between March 1999 and February 2000. The two databases were then compared for common drug therapy problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison of drug therapy problems in the two samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both patient samples included patients who were 40 years of age or older. The Minnesota Sample included 1,598 individual patients, of whom 70% experienced one or more drug therapy problems at some time during their care. The South Australian Sample included a total of 982 patients of whom 90% experienced one or more drug therapy problems at some time during their care. Conditions common to both patient samples include hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, ischemic heart disease, and osteoporosis. Frequently occurring drug therapy problems in the Minnesota Sample included the need for additional drug therapy, dosage too low and non-compliance and in the South Australian Sample included non-compliance, additional drug therapy and ineffective drug therapy. Frequent drug therapy problems associated with medical conditions in the Minnesota Sample included addition of new therapies for conditions such as arthritis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and allergic rhinitis, while for the South Australian Sample included compliance issues with conditions such as asthma, diabetes mellitus, angina and digestive disorders. Frequent drug therapy problems with associated drug classes in the Minnesota Sample included additional therapy for classes such as salicylates and calcium supplements, while in the South Australian Sample included the need for therapy for pneumococcal vaccines, salicylates, calcium supplements and tetanus vaccines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data demonstrate that this age group has significant drug therapy problems and therefore emphasize the need for pharmaceutical care services in this population. The provision of pharmaceutical care by experienced practitioners can result in improved recognition of the full range of drug therapy problems confronting patients. Analyses such as those presented here provide information to better focus the training of practitioners based on the most frequently encountered health problems and the nature of common drug therapy problems in the community setting.
authors: Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Sansom Institute, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia. deepa.rao@unisa.edu.au
authors: Deepa
authors: D
authors: Rao
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Gilbert
authors: Linda M
authors: LM
authors: Strand
authors: Robert J
authors: RJ
authors: Cipolle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D004358:Drug Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010593:Pharmaceutical Services