title: Pancreatitis: prevalence and risk factors among male veterans in a detoxification program.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of pancreatitis and associated risk factors among heavy-drinking veterans.
  
  
  METHODS
  At a large Veterans Administration Outpatient Detoxification Program (ODP) that systematically collects risk information, 1409 black and white male veterans with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes for alcohol abuse enrolling in the ODP from January 2002 to December 2003 were identified. Among these patients, pancreatitis at any time (before the ODP admission or occurring through June 2005) was identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes. Cases were verified by chart review. Logistic regression analyses were used for multivariable analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, history of smoking (89.6%) and current or past drug use (90.1%) were very common, whereas intravenous drug use (22.3%) was less so. Although 87 (6.2%) subjects had pancreatitis codes (acute, 50; chronic, 15; both, 22), chart review verified only 42 cases (acute, 29; chronic, 5; both, 8) for a 3% prevalence. Alcohol appeared to be the definite etiology in 39 of these 42 patients. In bivariate analyses, patients with pancreatitis were older, had more substance abuse admissions, reported a significantly heavier current alcohol use, and lower drug dependence (each P < 0.05). In multivariable models, alcoholic pancreatitis was associated positively with age (odds ratio, 1.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.12) and number of substance abuse admissions (odds ratio, 1.08; 95% confidence interval, 0.995-1.18; P = 0.06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this high-risk population of heavy drinkers, the prevalence of pancreatitis is at least 3%. Our study provides preliminary data regarding potential cofactors for pancreatitis in heavy drinkers.
authors: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA. yadavd@dom.pitt.edu
authors: Dhiraj
authors: D
authors: Yadav
authors: Marsha L
authors: ML
authors: Eigenbrodt
authors: Margaret J
authors: MJ
authors: Briggs
authors: D Keith
authors: DK
authors: Williams
authors: Eve J
authors: EJ
authors: Wiseman
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001131:Arkansas / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D038801:International Classification of Diseases; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D016347:Medical Records Systems, Computerized / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D019512:Pancreatitis, Alcoholic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D014728:Veterans / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data