title: Antimicrobial efficacy of gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin with and without benzalkonium chloride compared with ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: We compared the antimicrobial activity of gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin with and without benzalkonium chloride (BAK) against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against clinical isolates of MRSA were evaluated. Approximately 10(5 )CFU/ml of methicillinresistant S. aureus was added to Mueller-Hinton broth containing two-fold concentration increments of drug. For the evaluation of gatifloxacin with BAK, 50 microg/ml of BAK were added to the first well of the plate with gatifloxacin or moxifloxacin and then serially diluted. The combination of gatifloxacin or moxifloxacin with BAK was more active than either fluoroquinolone without BAK. The MICs ranged from <or=0.008 microg/ml to 0.125 microg/ml for gatifloxacin plus BAK, from 0.063 microg/ml to (3)8 microg/ml with unpreserved gatifloxacin from <0.004 to 0.25 for moxifloxacin plus BAK, and from <or=0.016 microg/ml to 16.0 microg/ml with unpreserved moxifloxacin. The combinations of gatifloxacin or moxifloxacin and BAK were highly active against MRSA in vitro, providing MICs that were approximately 2- to 500-fold lower than the MICs provided by either gatifloxacin or moxifloxacin without BAK.
authors: Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal University Hospital and the Saskatoon, Health Region, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. joseph.blondeau@saskatoonhealthregion.ca
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Blondeau
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Borsos
authors: C K
authors: CK
authors: Hesje
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077734:Gatifloxacin; D006801:Humans; D064704:Levofloxacin; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D011804:Quinolines; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin; D000077734:Gatifloxacin; D000077266:Moxifloxacin