title: Azathioprine-induced squamous cell carcinoma of the kidney.
abstract: Immunosuppressive therapy with azathioprine has been documented to cause squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) at various sites. We report possibly the first case of SCC of the kidney in a young male who received azathioprine for a long time. Discontinuation of azathioprine post-radical nephrectomy probably increased the patient's metastatic disease-free survival.
authors: Department of Urology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India. urology@aims.amrita.edu
authors: Balagopal
authors: B
authors: Nair
authors: Sudhir
authors: S
authors: Sukumar
authors: Ginil Kumar
authors: GK
authors: Poolari
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Appu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D001379:Azathioprine