ZnO: material, physics and applications.
ZnO is presently experiencing a research boom with more than 2000 ZnO-related publications in 2005. This phenomenon is triggered, for example, by hope to use ZnO as a material for blue/UV optoelectronics as an alternative to GaN, as a cheap, transparent, conducting oxide, as a material for electronic circuits that are transparent in the visible or for semiconductor spintronics. Currently, however, the main problem is to achieve high, reproducible and stable p-doping. Herein, we critically review aspects of the material growth, fundamental properties of ZnO and ZnO-based nanostructures and doping as well as present and future applications with emphasis on the electronic and optical properties including stimulated emission.
Klingshirn
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Institut für Angewandte Physik der Universität Karlsruhe, Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. Claus.Klingshirn@physik.uni-karlsruhe.de