title: Effects of flutamide as a second-line agent for maximum androgen blockade of hormone refractory prostate cancer.
abstract: We analyzed clinical effects of flutamide as a second-line agent for maximum androgen blockade (MAB) in patients with relapsing prostate cancer who received bicalutamide as the first-line MAB agent. This study included 13 patients with progressive prostate cancer who had relapsed after first-line MAB, with bicalutamide at 80 mg/day. After checking for antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome, they were given flutamide at 375 mg/day as second-line MAB. The effectiveness of that therapy was evaluated by changes in prostatic specific antigen (PSA) levels, with response defined as a decrease of greater than 50% from the start of therapy. We also compared several factors between responders and non-responders. Nine (69.2%) of the 13 patients showed a decrease in PSA levels, of whom five (38.5%) had a greater than 50% decrease and were defined as responders. The median duration of PSA response was 11.0 months (range 5-20 months). Patients who had a longer duration of response to first-line MAB had a significantly greater response to second-line MAB. For advanced prostate cancer patients who progressed on first-line MAB with bicalutamide, flutamide administration as a second-line antiandrogen was found to be relatively effective, especially for those who showed a longer duration of response to the first-line MAB. Our results confirm previous findings that MAB using flutamide is an effective second-line hormonal therapy.
authors: Department of Urology, Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokutanji-cho, Nishinomiya 662-0918, Japan. nkenikeda@nifty.com
authors: Kenji
authors: K
authors: Nishimura
authors: Naoko
authors: N
authors: Arichi
authors: Shigeki
authors: S
authors: Tokugawa
authors: Iwao
authors: I
authors: Yoshioka
authors: Hidefumi
authors: H
authors: Kishikawa
authors: Yasuji
authors: Y
authors: Ichikawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000813:Anilides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D019160:Endosonography; D005485:Flutamide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists; D017273:Goserelin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009570:Nitriles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014105:Tosyl Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D000813:Anilides; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D009570:Nitriles; D014105:Tosyl Compounds; D017273:Goserelin; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D005485:Flutamide; C053541:bicalutamide; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D016729:Leuprolide