title: Effect of three different dental health preventive programmes on young adult individuals: a randomized, blinded, parallel group, controlled evaluation of oral hygiene behaviour on plaque and gingivitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate, in young adults, the effect of different preventive programmes on oral hygiene and to determine whether the variables investigated are predictors of gingival health.
  
  
  METHODS
  This randomized, blinded, parallel, controlled clinical study examined the effectiveness of three dental health programmes. Four hundred subjects aged 20-27 years, 211 males and 189 females, participated in the study. They were recruited from a Public Dental Service clinic and from a private dental practice in Jönköping, Sweden. The effect of the programmes on plaque and gingivitis was evaluated over a 3-year period. The programmes included activities that were adapted for individuals as well as for groups. The plaque indices (PLI) and gingival indices (GI) were used to evaluate the programmes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All programmes resulted in a decrease in PLI and GI. The greatest decrease was found in the group that was followed-up every 2 months. Professional tooth cleaning was non-significant for the clinical result. Gingival health at baseline, participation in any of the test programmes, and knowledge of the dental diseases caries, gingivitis or periodontitis were significant predictors of good gingival health.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study confirms the efficacy of three different preventive programmes in reducing supragingival plaque and gingival inflammation. Professional tooth cleaning provided no clinical benefit beyond that derived from individual and group-based health education.
authors: School of Health Sciences, Department of Natural Science and Biomedicine, Jönköping, University, Jönköping, Sweden. anders.hugoson@hhj.hj.se
authors: Anders
authors: A
authors: Hugoson
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Lundgren
authors: Barbro
authors: B
authors: Asklöw
authors: Gun
authors: G
authors: Borgklint
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D003777:Dental Prophylaxis; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006267:Health Education, Dental; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009910:Oral Hygiene / Q000193:education*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011313:Preventive Dentistry / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D014100:Toothpastes; D012969:Sodium Fluoride