title: A small cysteine-rich extracellular protein, VCRP, is inducible by the sex-inducer of Volvox carteri and by wounding.
abstract: The green alga Volvox carteri represents one of the simplest multicellular organisms: it is composed of only two cell types, somatic and reproductive. Volvox is capable of both vegetative and sexual reproduction. Sexual development of males and females is triggered by a sex-inducer at concentrations as low as 10(-16) M. By differential screenings of cDNA libraries, a novel gene was identified that is under the control of this sex-inducer and that encodes a small cysteine-rich extracellular protein, named VCRP. Analysis of the VCRP polypeptide sequence suggests ten disulfide bonds and a dimetal-binding capacity. VCRP mRNA is detectable in males and females approximately 1 h after the spheroids' first contact with the sex-inducer, but transcription is restricted to the somatic cell-type. mRNA and protein synthesis is triggered not only by the sex-inducer, but also by wounding. VCRP does not share significant sequence similarity with any known protein sequence, but a potential EGF-like calcium-binding motif and a potential plant metallothionein family-15 motif have been identified. The characteristics of VCRP suggest a function as a signal transducer molecule, an extracellular second messenger from somatic cells to reproductive cells, or a role within the stress response.
authors: Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology of Plants, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany. armin.hallmann@gmx.de
authors: Armin
authors: A
authors: Hallmann
mesh_terms: D020418:Algal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D048028:DNA, Algal / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D015723:Gene Library; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D044446:Volvox / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020418:Algal Proteins; D048028:DNA, Algal; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D006023:Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger