title: Displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures: 15-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial of conservative versus operative treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the 15-year follow-up of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures from a randomised controlled trial of conservative versus operative treatment published in 1993.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of the initial study, 46 patients (82%) were still alive at a mean of 15 years post injury and 26 patients (57%) agreed to review. The patients had been randomly allocated to either conservative or operative treatment in the original study. Clinical [American orthopaedic foot and ankle society hindfoot scale (AOFAS), foot function index (FFI) and calcaneal fracture score] and radiological (Böhler's angle and calcaneum height) outcome measures were used. The grade of osteoarthritis was also assessed at long-term follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At long-term follow-up, the clinical outcomes were not different between conservative versus operative treatment. AOFAS hindfoot scale: conservative=78.5 and operative=70, p=0.11; FFI: conservative=24.4 and operative=26.9, p=0.66; calcaneal fracture score: conservative=70.1 and operative=63.5, p=0.41. The radiological outcomes were also not different between both groups. Böhler's angle: conservative=10.4 degrees and operative 16.9 degrees , p=0.07; height of calcaneum: conservative=37.2mm and operative=38.2mm, p=0.57; grade of osteoarthritis of the sub-talar joint: p=0.54. There was no correlation between Böhler's angle and the outcome measures in either group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this 15-year follow-up of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fracture randomised controlled trial were equivalent between conservative and operative treatment and demonstrate similar findings to those at one year follow-up.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK. ti11@le.ac.uk
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Ibrahim
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Rowsell
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Rennie
authors: A R
authors: AR
authors: Brown
authors: G J S
authors: GJ
authors: Taylor
authors: P J
authors: PJ
authors: Gregg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002111:Calcaneus; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome