title: Use of single-drop microextraction for determination of fentanyl in water samples.
abstract: Fentanyl is a very potent synthetic narcotic analgesic. Because of its strong sedative properties, it has become an analogue of illicit drugs such as heroin. Its unambiguous detection and identification in environmental samples can be regarded as strong evidence of its illicit preparation. In this paper we report application of single-drop microextraction (SDME) for analysis of water samples spiked with fentanyl. Experimental conditions which affect the performance of SDME, for example the nature of the extracting solvent, sample stirring speed, extraction time, ionic strength, and solution pH, were optimized. The method was found to be linear in the concentration range 0.10-10 ng mL(-1). The limits of quantitation and detection of the method were 100 pg mL(-1) and <75 pg mL(-1), respectively. This technique is superior to other sample-preparation techniques because of the simple experimental set-up, short analysis time, high sensitivity, and minimum use of organic solvent.
authors: Defence Research and Development Establishment (DRDE), Gwalior, 474002, M.P., India. pr_14@rediffmail.com
authors: Pradeep Kumar
authors: PK
authors: Gupta
authors: Laxmi
authors: L
authors: Manral
authors: Kumaran
authors: K
authors: Ganesan
authors: Devendra Kumar
authors: DK
authors: Dubey
mesh_terms: D005283:Fentanyl / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000032:analysis*; D008832:Microchemistry; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D005283:Fentanyl