title: Syndecan-1, a key regulator of cell viability in endometrial cancer.
abstract: Syndecan-1 is one of the major proteoglycans on cell surfaces involved in major biological processes. Although loss of syndecan-1 correlates well with the gain of cancerous characteristics in a wide range of cancers, increased expression of syndecan-1 also coincides with adverse outcomes in some cancers, including breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancers. For this Janus-faced attitude of syndecan-1, we sought to examine expression patterns of syndecan-1 in endometrial carcinoma (EC) and gain insight into the roles of syndecan-1. Immunohistochemical examinations of 109 endometrial tissue samples from myoma, hyperplasia and EC uteri revealed that syndecan-1 expression was significantly upregulated in EC compared with hyperplasia (p < 0.001). To evaluate pathophysiological functions of syndecan-1, its expression level was altered, and subsequent outcomes were examined using human endometrial cancer cell lines such as HEC-1A, AN3CA and KLE cells. Overexpression of syndecan-1 increased the growth of HEC-1A cells regardless of anchorage dependence while silencing syndecan-1 by antisense RNAs caused apoptotic cell death. Consistent with decreased viability, the loss of syndecan-1 was also accompanied by a decrease in the activation of Erk and Akt and a concomitant decrease in the phosphorylation of PTEN and PDK1, which are known as negative and positive regulators of Akt activation, respectively. These down-regulatory effects were reversed upon overexpression of syndecan-1. Collectively together, the aforementioned findings lend support to the notion that upregulation of syndecan-1 may be a critical element for endometrial cancers in maintaining their viability and thus can serve as a cancer specific therapeutic and diagnostic marker.
authors: Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea.
authors: Dong Soon
authors: DS
authors: Choi
authors: Ji-Hye
authors: JH
authors: Kim
authors: Hee-Sug
authors: HS
authors: Ryu
authors: Hyon Chang
authors: HC
authors: Kim
authors: Jae Ho
authors: JH
authors: Han
authors: Jong Soo
authors: JS
authors: Lee
authors: Churl K
authors: CK
authors: Min
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism*; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D015398:Signal Transduction; D053668:Syndecan-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C508241:SDC1 protein, human; D053668:Syndecan-1; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human