title: Disseminated mucormycosis and orbital ischaemia in combination immunosuppression with a tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitor.
abstract: Disseminated mucormycosis, with pulmonary and cerebral angioinvasive disease, developed in a 65-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis being treated with combination immunosuppression including adalimumab. Clinical presentation included progressive orbital ischaemia. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of disseminated mucormycosis in a patient treated with a tumour necrosis factor inhibitor. Important pathophysiological factors are considered.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Affiliated Teaching Hospital with the University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors: Pritpal
authors: P
authors: Singh
authors: Simon F
authors: SF
authors: Taylor
authors: Rajmohan
authors: R
authors: Murali
authors: Lavier J
authors: LJ
authors: Gomes
authors: Gowri L
authors: GL
authors: Kanthan
authors: Anthony J
authors: AJ
authors: Maloof
mesh_terms: D000068879:Adalimumab; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D016469:Fungemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D009091:Mucormycosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D009880:Ophthalmic Artery / Q000473:pathology; D009915:Orbit / Q000098:blood supply*; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000068879:Adalimumab