title: The dominance of pandemic serovars of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in expatriates and sporadic cases of diarrhoea in Thailand, and a new emergent serovar (O3 : K46) with pandemic traits.
abstract: Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. A total of 95 V. parahaemolyticus isolates belonging to 23 different serovars were identified in a case-control study of expatriates and Thai adults from 2001 to 2002 in Thailand. Fifty-two per cent of isolates (49/95) were resistant to ampicillin and sulfisoxazole, but all isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, two antibiotics commonly used to treat traveller's diarrhoea. All isolates were positive for the species-specific toxR gene, and 91 and 5 were positive for the thermostable direct haemolysin (tdh) gene and the tdh-related (trh) gene, respectively. Sixty-five isolates were assigned to the pandemic group of V. parahaemolyticus by a group-specific PCR and the presence of the orf8 gene. The pandemic isolates belonged to three recognized serovars (O3 : K6, O1 : K25, O1 : KUT) and a new serovar, O3 : K46. This new serovar harboured pandemic traits. PFGE analysis revealed that all pandemic isolates including serovar O3 : K46 were closely related and clearly distinct from the non-pandemic isolates. In summary, three well-known serovars of pandemic V. parahaemolyticus isolates were identified as a major cause of diarrhoea in Thailand and a new V. parahaemolyticus isolate, serovar O3 : K46, with pandemic traits was detected.
authors: Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors: Oralak
authors: O
authors: Serichantalergs
authors: International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR,B), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
authors: Nurul Amin
authors: NA
authors: Bhuiyan
authors: International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR,B), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
authors: Gopinath Balakrish
authors: GB
authors: Nair
authors: Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors: Orapan
authors: O
authors: Chivaratanond
authors: Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors: Apichai
authors: A
authors: Srijan
authors: Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors: Ladaporn
authors: L
authors: Bodhidatta
authors: Bumrungrad Hospital, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
authors: Sinn
authors: S
authors: Anuras
authors: Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors: Carl J
authors: CJ
authors: Mason
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D019081:O Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012703:Serotyping; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D014736:Vibrio parahaemolyticus / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C030659:K antigens; D019081:O Antigens; D014157:Transcription Factors; C088609:thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin protein, Vibrio parahaemolyticus; C066719:toxR protein, bacteria