title: Multifocal electroretinography, color discrimination and ocular toxicity in tamoxifen use.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study prospectively retinal function, color discrimination, and ocular toxicity in women treated with standard-dosage tamoxifen for breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty visually asymptomatic patients with at least 2 years of continuous tamoxifen therapy underwent multifocal electroretinography (ERG), color discrimination testing, and ophthalmic examination. The results were compared with 17 patients who were not taking tamoxifen after breast cancer surgery and to an additional age-matched group of 21 healthy women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multifocal electroretinogram amplitudes and latencies were comparable among the three studied groups, and individual recordings were within age norms from our own lab. In the treated group, mild diffuse color vision loss was found in two patients with normal fundi. Three other patients had ocular toxic effects, with two cases of refractile retinal crystals and one case of keratopathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The aspects of central retinal function that are assessed by multifocal ERG were not affected even after at least 2 years of tamoxifen use, suggesting that the multifocal ERG is not sufficiently sensitive to detect tamoxifen-associated change that might occur. Some degree of color vision loss and ocular toxic effects were found in a few cases of this cohort suggesting that women using tamoxifen should receive an eye exam at least as often as recommended for middle-aged people.
authors: Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. ssalomao@oftalmo.epm.br
authors: Solange Rios
authors: SR
authors: Salomão
authors: Sung Eun Song
authors: SE
authors: Watanabe
authors: Adriana
authors: A
authors: Berezovsky
authors: Marcia
authors: M
authors: Motono
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003118:Color Perception / Q000187:drug effects*; D003119:Color Perception Tests; D004596:Electroretinography; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects*; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D013629:Tamoxifen