title: Pharmacoeconomics and macular degeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe pharmacoeconomics and its relationship to drug interventions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pharmacoeconomics is the branch of economics which applies cost-minimization, cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses to compare the economics of different pharmaceutical products or to compare drug therapy to other treatments. Among the four instruments, cost-utility analysis is the most sophisticated, relevant and clinically applicable as it measures the value conferred by drugs for the monies expended. Value-based medicine incorporates cost-utility principles but with strict standardization of all input and output parameters to allow the comparability of analyses, unlike the current situation in the healthcare literature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pharmacoeconomics is assuming an increasingly important role with regard to whether drugs are listed on the drug formulary of a country or province. It has been estimated that the application of standardized, value-based medicine drug analyses can save over 35% from a public healthcare insurer drug formulary while maintaining or improving patient care.
authors: Center for Value-Based Medicine, Flourtown, Pennsylvania 19031, USA. gbrown@valuebasedmedicine.com
authors: Gary C
authors: GC
authors: Brown
authors: Melissa M
authors: MM
authors: Brown
authors: Heidi
authors: H
authors: Brown
authors: Ashlee N
authors: AN
authors: Godshalk
mesh_terms: D017281:Cost of Illness; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D017850:Economics, Pharmaceutical; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics*