title: Inhibition of both focal adhesion kinase and insulin-like growth factor-I receptor kinase suppresses glioma proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Multiple genetic aberrations in human gliomas contribute to their highly infiltrative and rapid growth characteristics. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) regulates tumor migration and invasion. Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR), whose expression correlates with tumor grade, is involved in proliferation and survival. We hypothesized that inhibiting the phosphorylation of FAK and IGF-IR by NVP-TAE226 (hereafter called TAE226), a novel dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor of FAK and IGF-IR, would suppress the growth and invasion of glioma cells. In culture, TAE226 inhibited extracellular matrix-induced autophosphorylation of FAK (Tyr(397)). TAE226 also inhibited IGF-I-induced phosphorylation of IGF-IR and activity of its downstream target genes such as MAPK and Akt. TAE226 retarded tumor cell growth as assessed by a cell viability assay and attenuated G(2)-M cell cycle progression associated with a decrease in cyclin B1 and phosphorylated cdc2 (Tyr(15)) protein expression. TAE226 treatment inhibited tumor cell invasion by at least 50% compared with the control in an in vitro Matrigel invasion assay. Interestingly, TAE226 treatment of tumor cells containing wild-type p53 mainly exhibited G(2)-M arrest, whereas tumor cells bearing mutant p53 underwent apoptosis. Induction of apoptosis by TAE226 was substantiated by detection of caspase-3/7 activation and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and by an Annexin V apoptosis assay. More importantly, TAE226 treatment significantly increased the survival rate of animals in an intracranial glioma xenograft model. Collectively, these data show that blocking the signaling pathways of FAK and IGF-IR with TAE226 has the potential to be an efficacious treatment for human gliomas.
authors: Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. tjliu@mdanderson.org
authors: Ta-Jen
authors: TJ
authors: Liu
authors: Tiffany
authors: T
authors: LaFortune
authors: Toshiyuki
authors: T
authors: Honda
authors: Osamu
authors: O
authors: Ohmori
authors: Shinji
authors: S
authors: Hatakeyama
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Meyer
authors: Dowdy
authors: D
authors: Jackson
authors: John
authors: J
authors: de Groot
authors: W K Alfred
authors: WK
authors: Yung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005910:Glioma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D050505:Mutant Proteins; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases