title: Morphological aspects of gonadal morphogenesis in Bufo bufo (Amphibia Anura): Bidder's organ differentiation.
abstract: We have described the architecture of Bidder's organ, defined its compartmented structure, and affirmed the presence of basal laminae. We did not find morphological differences between sexes in Bidder's organ. All specimens initially developed gonads with a peripheral fertile layer surrounding a thin primary cavity. The first oogenetic wave was observed early, showing all phases of meiosis, including leptotene, zygotene, and pachytene, which had been previously thought to be lacking. The peculiar presence of an asynchronous germ cell nest was discussed. Diplotene oocytes issued from the peripheral layer and migrated inside the primary cavity. They were surrounded by a single layer of follicular cells, which originated from the peripheral layer somatic cells and were delimited by a basal lamina. There were few medulla or central layer cells. At the end of metamorphosis, while the oocytes of the first oogenetic wave came into close contact with blood vessels, a second oogenetic wave took place just as the first, except for the presence of synchronous germ cell nests. The central layer was not visible and we did not observe the formation of an ovarian pocket. Stocks of stem germ cells remained in the peripheral layer during both the first and second oogenetic waves. The asymmetric model, in which there is a tendency toward a primary female differentiation, was confirmed. The female differentiation becomes stable in the Bidder's organ because of the absence of further interaction between germ and medullary somatic cells, which would have led toward a male differentiation.
authors: Department of Evolutionary and Experimental Biology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. rosanna.falconi@unibo.it
authors: Rosanna
authors: R
authors: Falconi
authors: Davide
authors: D
authors: Dalpiaz
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Zaccanti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002023:Bufo bufo / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D002452:Cell Count; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D048429:Cell Size; D005260:Female; D005854:Germ Cells / Q000254:growth & development / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006066:Gonads / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D007814:Larva / Q000166:cytology; D008297:Male; D008540:Meiosis; D049469:Meiotic Prophase I; D009024:Morphogenesis; D009865:Oocytes / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009867:Oogonia / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010053:Ovary / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D012733:Sex Differentiation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013997:Time Factors