title: Pediatric liver retransplantation: indications and outcome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Liver transplantation is the only treatment for end-stage liver disease. Not all patients have a favorable outcome. Graft failure secondary to primary nonfunction, vascular complications, or chronic rejection among other problems may lead to retransplantation. Retransplantation represents 8% to 29% of liver transplantations in the pediatric population. The aim of this study was to present our experience with retransplanted children by analyzing the indications and the results.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients were prospectively included in our database, including 125 children. We included the indications for retransplantation, complications, and mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Since 1994, 125 patients were transplanted and 25 were retransplanted (20%), including 5 who received a third graft. Primary nonfunction represented 30% of the indications for retransplantation and hepatic artery thrombosis, 20%. Six of 25 patients who received a first retransplantation and 2 of 5 who received a second retransplantation died. The most frequent cause of death was multiorgans failure. The survivals at 1 and 5 years were 82% and 76% for children receiving a first retransplantation, and 60% at 1 and 5 years for those who received a second retransplantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Organ failure after liver transplantation was a common event in pediatric transplantation. Survival was similar between patients transplanted once and those who received one retransplantation. Survival decreased among patients who received a third graft but was maintained at 60%, which is better than most published results for first retransplanted patients. Retransplantation is a valid option with good results for selected pediatric cases.
authors: Liver Transplant Program, Clínica Las Condes-Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile. muribe@manquehue.net
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Uribe
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Buckel
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Ferrario
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Hunter
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Godoy
authors: G
authors: G
authors: González
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Cavallieri
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Iñiguez
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Calabrán
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Herzog
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000401:mortality / Q000502:physiology*; D018579:Patient Selection; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome