title: Stramonita haemastoma as a bioindicator for organotin contamination in coastal environments.
abstract: Stramonita haemastoma was investigated as a suitable bioindicator of TBT and TPhT contamination in the tropical Atlantic Ocean by: 1. Imposex induction in healthy females after inoculation with TBT and TPhT in the laboratory; and 2. Determining incidence of imposex in S. haemastoma collected from areas with various levels of tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPhT) and determining the concentrations of these chemical in its tissues and that of its prey, the mussell Perna pernas. Imposex intensities and organotin concentrations in tissues showed good correlation, indicating S. haemastoma as a reliable bioindicator of TBT and TPhT contamination in coastal waters. Body burden threshold of TBT and TPhT for imposex induction was estimated to be 10-20 ng g(-1).
authors: Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors: Aricelso Maia
authors: AM
authors: Limaverde
authors: Angela de L Rebello
authors: Ade L
authors: Wagener
authors: Marcos A
authors: MA
authors: Fernandez
authors: Arthur de L
authors: Ade L
authors: Scofield
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Coutinho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009947:Organotin Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D012623:Seawater; D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D009947:Organotin Compounds; D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C011559:tributyltin; C030665:triphenyltin