Apoptosis and chemo-resistance in colorectal cancer.
Systemic chemotherapy plays an integral part in treating advanced colorectal cancer. However 50% of patients respond poorly or have disease progression due to resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. This article reviews the pathways that regulate apoptosis, apoptotic mechanisms through which chemotherapeutic agents mediate their effect and how deregulation of apoptotic proteins may contribute to chemo-resistance. Also discussed are potential therapeutic strategies designed to target these proteins and thereby improve response rates to chemotherapy in colorectal cancer.
Prabhudesai
S G
SG
Department of Biosurgery & Surgical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, St. Mary's Hospital Campus, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, United Kingdom.
Rekhraj
S
S
Roberts
G
G
Darzi
A W
AW
Ziprin
P
P
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D000068818:Cetuximab; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000502:physiology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000502:physiology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000077022:Survivin; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000502:physiology; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D000077022:Survivin; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D000068818:Cetuximab