title: Cue-induced reinstatement of ethanol seeking in Sardinian alcohol-preferring rats.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to characterize cue-induced reinstatement of ethanol seeking in selectively bred Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats trained to lever press for ethanol in 30-min self-administration sessions. Four responses on an "active" lever led to presentation of 0.1 ml of 15% (vol/vol) ethanol by a liquid dipper and concurrent activation of a set of discrete light and auditory cues. In a 70-min extinction/reinstatement session, responding was first extinguished for 60 min. Subsequently, different stimuli were delivered in a noncontingent manner and reinstatement of nonreinforced responding was assessed. Fifteen presentations of the ethanol-predictive stimulus complex, including the dipper cup containing 5 or 15% ethanol, potently reinstated responding on the previously active lever. The magnitude of reinstatement increased with the number of stimulus presentations and concentration of ethanol presented by the dipper cup. Fifteen presentations of the ethanol-predictive stimulus complex, including the dipper cup filled with water (0% ethanol), did not produce any reinstatement. These results indicate that (1) noncontingent presentations of the ethanol-predictive stimulus complex may reinstate ethanol seeking in sP rats and (2) the orosensory properties of ethanol may play an important role in reinstatement of ethanol seeking in sP rats. The latter finding concurs with clinical observations that odor and taste of alcoholic beverages elicit immediate craving responses in abstinent alcoholics.
authors: C.N.R. Institute of Neuroscience, Viale Diaz 182, I-09126, Cagliari, Italy.
authors: Paola
authors: P
authors: Maccioni
authors: Alessandro
authors: A
authors: Orrú
authors: Agnieszka
authors: A
authors: Korkosz
authors: Gian Luigi
authors: GL
authors: Gessa
authors: Mauro A M
authors: MA
authors: Carai
authors: Giancarlo
authors: G
authors: Colombo
authors: Przemyslaw
authors: P
authors: Bienkowski
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D003216:Conditioning, Operant; D003463:Cues; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D005108:Extinction, Psychological; D008297:Male; D009812:Odorants; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012055:Reinforcement Schedule; D012646:Self Administration; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D013649:Taste
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D000431:Ethanol