title: Molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 in treatment-naive patients in north Ethiopia.
abstract: To understand the predominant HIV subtype and drug-resistant viruses in northwest Ethiopia, isolates from 92 antiretroviral drug-naive HIV-1-infected tuberculosis patients were analyzed. Of these patients, 90 (97.8%) were found to be infected with viral subtype C. Other isolates had subtype A (1.1%) and subtype D (1.1%). No primary mutations were associated with protease inhibitor drug resistance. One case (1.1%) had the reverse-transcriptase mutation, V75I. Two patients (2.2%) had the G190A mutation, which confers resistance to the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, nevirapine. Our study demonstrates that subtype C is the major HIV-1 subtype in northwest Ethiopia. Our results also reveal that the population in the study area had been exposed to antiretrovirals and that treatment-naive patients had drug resistance mutations. Thus, our results emphasize the need for routine drug resistance monitoring in northwest Ethiopia.
authors: Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors: Afework
authors: A
authors: Kassu
authors: Masayuki
authors: M
authors: Fujino
authors: Masakazu
authors: M
authors: Matsuda
authors: Masako
authors: M
authors: Nishizawa
authors: Fusao
authors: F
authors: Ota
authors: Wataru
authors: W
authors: Sugiura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000145:classification* / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D016333:HIV Protease