Lightning, sudden cardiac death, simulation and an automated external defibrillator: the perfect storm.
This is a report of an 11-year-old boy who had sudden cardiac death after a lightning strike while playing lacrosse at summer camp. The camp staff had performed weekly drills to prepare for various medical emergencies and quickly activated their "Emergency Activation System". The child received immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and was defibrillated with an automated defibrillator (AED) within 3 min of becoming pulseless and was ultimately resuscitated after being defibrillated three times. A community ambulance with a defibrillator on board did not arrive until several minutes after the on-site team had achieved return of spontaneous circulation. In this report, we describe the clinical course of this patient; briefly review lightning injuries, other causes of sudden cardiac death in children and use of AEDs. Finally, we review how simulation has been used in this case and others as a mechanism to ensure preparedness for medical emergencies. This child is alive and well today because of these well-trained camp counselors. Their system of using simulation to maintain emergency readiness serves as an example for lay and professional medical providers alike.
Nelson
Kristen L
KL
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, United States. knelso23@jhmi.edu
Mills
William
W
Umbel
Scott
S
Crosson
Jane E
JE
Shaffner
Donald H
DH
Hunt
Elizabeth A
EA
D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002959:Civil Defense / Q000193:education*; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology*; D047548:Defibrillators; D004554:Electric Countershock / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D015168:Lightning Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D016544:Patient Simulation