[Neuropsychiatric bases of the methylphenidate-therapy of the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)].
High prevalence and high co-morbidity rates with frequently aggravating psychosocial problems make the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) of children, adolescents and adults an important target for research and healthcare. Recent findings suggest a dopaminergic fronto-striatal information processing deficit in ADHD-patients (executive functions). This review summarizes and presents, in the context of recent studies (MRI, f-MRI, PET, SPECT, Mapping Genes) the neurobiochemical bases of the methylphenidate-therapy, clinically successfully applied since almost one half century by the ADHD. The increased striatal dopamine transporter density by the ADHD-methylphenidate-responder is reported as a scientifically sound and useful clinical working model.
Huber
M
M
Zentrum für psychische Gesundheit, Psychiatrie-Sanitätsbetrieb Bruneck, Bruneck/Südtirol Italien. markus.huber@sb-bruneck.it
Kirchler
E
E
Niederhofer
H
H
Gruber
L
L
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008774:Methylphenidate