title: Effect of dietary Enterolobium cyclocarpum on microbial protein flow and nutrient digestibility in sheep maintained fauna-free, with total mixed fauna or with Entodinium caudatum monofauna.
abstract: Three groups of five wethers with ruminal and duodenal cannulas and maintained as either fauna-free (FF) or inoculated with total mixed fauna (TF) or Entodinium caudatum as a single-species monofauna (EN) were used in an experiment with two 28 d periods. In the first period, the sheep were fed a control barley-based diet (40:60 concentrate to silage DM) and in the second period the diet was supplemented with 187 g DM of Enterolobium cyclocarpum for the last 12 d of the period. The diets of period 1 and 2 were isonitrogenous. There was no effect of fauna on apparent ruminal and total tract organic matter and fibre digestion, but bacterial and microbial N flow and efficiency were improved in FF sheep compared to TF sheep. In period 2, protozoal numbers were reduced between 31 and 88 % 2 h after feeding E. cyclocarpum for the third to twelfth day of supplementation and by an average of 25 % in samples collected over the 24 h feeding cycle. Supplementation of the diet with E. cyclocarpum and the consequent protozoal reduction in TF and EN sheep improved the flow of non-ammonia N and bacterial N to the small intestine and the efficiency of microbial synthesis. However, E. cyclocarpum reduced ruminal organic matter digestion, especially in faunated sheep, and total tract organic matter, N and fibre digestion. Thus, a reduction in the protozoal cell numbers of 25 % was sufficient to achieve the beneficial effects of reduced fauna on the bacterial protein supply, but diet digestibility was reduced.
authors: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 3000, Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada. koenigk@agr.gc.ca
authors: K M
authors: KM
authors: Koenig
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Ivan
authors: B T
authors: BT
authors: Teferedegne
authors: D P
authors: DP
authors: Morgavi
authors: L M
authors: LM
authors: Rode
authors: I M
authors: IM
authors: Ibrahim
authors: C J
authors: CJ
authors: Newbold
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016798:Ciliophora / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000502:physiology; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000502:physiology*; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation / Q000502:physiology; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit / Q000502:physiology; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D009584:Nitrogen