Preparation and ecotoxicity assessment of new biodegradable polyurethane foams.
Flexible biodegradable polyurethane foams (BIO-PUR) were prepared by a one-shot process using commercially available coreactants and modified by substituting biodegradable additive based on the acetylated starch (AS), acetylcellulose (AC), 2-hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) and carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) for 5 or 10 wt% of commercial polyether polyol. The BIO-PUR foams were characterized by FTIR, TGA and polarization microscopy. Ecotoxicity of BIO-PUR foams freshwater extracts was evaluated using the alternative crustacean toxicity test Thamnotoxkit F. Values of toxicity were expressed as percentage mortality of the instars II-III larvae of freshwater fairy shrimps (Thamnocephalus platyurus) dependence on the effect criterion of the respective assay. The leaches of BIO-PUR foams modified with 5 or 10 wt% of HEC showed higher toxicity then other BIO-PUR foams, whereas leaches of BIO-PUR with 5wt% of AS and 10wt% of AC were even less toxic than REF. PUR foam.
Vojtová
L
L
Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Materials Science, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic.
Vávrová
M
M
Bebnarík
K
K
Sucman
E
E
David
J
J
Jancár
J
J
D000818:Animals; D033202:Anostraca / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D008422:Materials Testing; D008863:Microspheres; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013997:Time Factors; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D011140:Polyurethanes; C028279:polyurethane foam