Surgical positioning of orthodontic mini-implants with guides fabricated on models replicated with cone-beam computed tomography.
BACKGROUND
This article illustrates a new surgical guide system that uses cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images to replicate dental models; surgical guides for the proper positioning of orthodontic mini-implants were fabricated on the replicas, and the guides were used for precise placement. The indications, efficacy, and possible complications of this method are discussed.


METHODS
Patients who were planning to have orthodontic mini-implant treatment were recruited for this study. A CBCT system (PSR 9000N, Asahi Roentgen, Kyoto, Japan) was used to acquire virtual slices of the posterior maxilla that were 0.1 to 0.15 mm thick. Color 3-dimensional rapid prototyping was used to differentiate teeth, alveolus, and maxillary sinus wall. A surgical guide for the mini-implant was fabricated on the replica model. Proper positioning for mini-implants on the posterior maxilla was determined by viewing the CBCT images.


RESULTS
The surgical guide was placed on the clinical site, and it allowed precise pilot drilling and accurate placement of the mini-implant.


CONCLUSIONS
CBCT imaging allows remarkably lower radiation doses and thinner acquisition slices compared with medical computed tomography. Virtually reproduced replica models enable precise planning for mini-implant positions in anatomically complex sites.
Kim
Seong-Hun
SH
Department of Orthodontics, Catholic University of Korea, Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea. bravortho@catholic.ac.kr
Choi
Yong-Suk
YS
Hwang
Eui-Hwan
EH
Chung
Kyu-Rhim
KR
Kook
Yoon-Ah
YA
Nelson
Gerald
G
D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008904:Miniaturization; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D003765:Models, Dental; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods
D015921:Dental Implants