Relationship of depression to smoking outcomes in a methadone-maintained population.
The association of depression and successful smoking cessation efforts is inconsistent. We test the hypothesis that higher levels of depression complicate efforts to quit smoking in a methadone-maintained (MM) population offered nicotine replacement and a brief behavioral intervention. We recruited 383 participants from 2/02 to 5/04; 340 (88.8%) were assessed at follow- up. Current depressive symptoms were measured using the Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire (PDSQ). Participants were 53% male, 78% Caucasian, with a mean MM duration of 153 weeks. Twenty-seven percent met PDSQ screening criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Participants with higher levels of depressive symptoms were significantly less likely to set a quit date (p = .02) but depression was not associated significantly with motivation to quit smoking at baseline, time to first cigarette, or any behavioral indicator of smoking during the follow-up period. Depressive symptoms have little influence on smoking cessation outcomes in this population.
Stein
Michael D
MD
Division of General Internal Medicine, Brown University Medical School, Providence, RI 02903, USA. mstein@lifespan.org
Weinstock
Marjorie C
MC
Anderson
Bradley J
BJ
Anthony
Jennifer L
JL
D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009042:Motivation; D009294:Narcotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D009294:Narcotics; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D009538:Nicotine; D008691:Methadone