title: Prediction of gastroesophageal reflux in otitis media with effusion in adults.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  The measurement of pepsinogen I (PGI) in middle-ear effusions (MEEs) and a questionnaire on the frequency symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) disease are tools that can be used to screen for the existence of GER.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To seek methods that would be beneficial as a screen for the presence of GER among adult patients with OME.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight adult outpatients with OME were asked to answer a questionnaire of the frequency scale for symptoms of GER disease. Samples of MEEs were obtained from each subject and were measured for concentrations of PGI and PGII. Some patients were followed up after being treated with a proton pump inhibitor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of patients with high PGI concentrations in their MEEs was higher in those with GER-related symptoms than in those without GER-related symptoms. Moreover, OME was present bilaterally in a higher percentage of patients with GER-related symptoms. There were patients in whom PGI levels decreased after receiving treatment for GER.
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan. michsone@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors: Michihiko
authors: M
authors: Sone
authors: Yuri
authors: Y
authors: Yamamuro
authors: Hideo
authors: H
authors: Hayashi
authors: Eriko
authors: E
authors: Yanagi
authors: Yasumasa
authors: Y
authors: Niwa
authors: Tsutomu
authors: T
authors: Nakashima
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D020116:Pepsinogen A / Q000032:analysis*; D020115:Pepsinogen C / Q000032:analysis*; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D064750:Rabeprazole; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D064750:Rabeprazole; D020115:Pepsinogen C; D020116:Pepsinogen A