Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of pentachloronitrobenzene residues in environmental samples.
A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB), a fungicide and chemical intermediate, was developed using a polyclonal antiserum produced against a hapten-protein conjugate of pentachlorophenoxypropionic acid-bovine serum albumin (BSA). An indirect competitive ELISA of PCNB showed an IC50 of 37 ng/mL and a limit of detection (LOD) of 7 ng/mL. The ELISA can tolerate up to 10% (v/v) methanol, 5% (v/v) acetonitrile, or 5% (v/v) acetone without significant fluctuation of Amax and IC50. The assay sensitivity showed little change in a range of pH from 6 to 8 and concentrations of 0.05-0.2 M NaCl in the assay buffer. Very low cross-reactivities were observed for some structurally related compounds except for hexachlorobenzene (12%). The average recoveries of PCNB from fortified well water, river water, and soil samples were in ranges of 88-94, 80-91, and 70-81%, respectively. The correlations between the gas chromatographic and ELISA results were excellent (r 2 >or= 0.97, slopes from 0.86 to 1.10) for those fortified samples. The ELISA is a good alternative tool for monitoring PCNB residues in environmental samples.
Xu
Ting
T
College of Resource and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
Shao
Xiao L
XL
Li
Qing X
QX
Keum
Young S
YS
Jing
Hong Y
HY
Sheng
Wei
W
Li
Ji
J
D000818:Animals; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000032:analysis*; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D009578:Nitrobenzenes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis*
D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D007106:Immune Sera; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D012987:Soil; D014867:Water; C005805:quintozene