title: Thymidylate synthase expression in primary colorectal tumours is correlated with its expression in metastases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thymidylate synthase (TS) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and as such a critical target for fluoropyrimidines, which are widely used in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of this study was to investigate TS expression in the primary tumours (PTs) and their metastases (M) in advanced CRC.
  
  
  METHODS
  TS expression was determined immunohistochemically in paraffin-embedded biopsies of PT-M pairs in 39 CRC patients, as related to the clinical data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in the mean TS index of PTs compared with that of M, 1.25 and 1.14, respectively (p=0.12). TS expression of PTs was above the mean more often than that of M (61.5% and 41.0%, respectively, p=0.035). High TS expression in PTs was significantly related to high expression in M (the Fisher exact test, p=0.001). Using the absolute index values, TS expression in PT and M was significantly correlated (Pearson R=0.501, p=0.001). In 29/39 (74.3%) pairs, PT and M had concordant expression levels (Cohen's kappa 0.508, 95% CI 0.260-0.756, p=0.001; intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.679, 95% CI 0.358-0.836, p=0.0001). No significant association was found between TS expression and any of the clinicopathological variables, disease outcome (DFS, DSS) or its response to treatment in univariate or multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Albeit usually higher, TS expression in PT was closely correlated with TS expression in M. This suggests that measurement of TS in primary CRC accurately predicts TS expression in subsequent metastases, which may help in selecting those patients most likely to respond to 5-FU-based regimens.
authors: Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Turku University Hospital, Savitehtaankatu 1, P.B 52, FIN-20521 Turku, Finland. riyben@utu.fi
authors: Riyad
authors: R
authors: Bendardaf
authors: Adam
authors: A
authors: Elzagheid
authors: Hanan
authors: H
authors: Lamlum
authors: Annika
authors: A
authors: Algars
authors: Eija
authors: E
authors: Korkeila
authors: Raija
authors: R
authors: Ristamäki
authors: Yrjo
authors: Y
authors: Collan
authors: Kari
authors: K
authors: Syrjänen
authors: Seppo
authors: S
authors: Pyrhönen
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011379:Prognosis; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase; D005472:Fluorouracil