title: A variant in CDKAL1 influences insulin response and risk of type 2 diabetes.
abstract: We conducted a genome-wide association study for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Icelandic cases and controls, and we found that a previously described variant in the transcription factor 7-like 2 gene (TCF7L2) gene conferred the most significant risk. In addition to confirming two recently identified risk variants, we identified a variant in the CDKAL1 gene that was associated with T2D in individuals of European ancestry (allele-specific odds ratio (OR) = 1.20 (95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.27), P = 7.7 x 10(-9)) and individuals from Hong Kong of Han Chinese ancestry (OR = 1.25 (1.11-1.40), P = 0.00018). The genotype OR of this variant suggested that the effect was substantially stronger in homozygous carriers than in heterozygous carriers. The ORs for homozygotes were 1.50 (1.31-1.72) and 1.55 (1.23-1.95) in the European and Hong Kong groups, respectively. The insulin response for homozygotes was approximately 20% lower than for heterozygotes or noncarriers, suggesting that this variant confers risk of T2D through reduced insulin secretion.
authors: deCODE genetics, Sturlugata 8, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland. vstein@decode.is
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mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D015894:Genome, Human; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D058125:Transcription Factor 7-Like 1 Protein; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; D019885:Sulfur Group Transferases; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors; D058125:Transcription Factor 7-Like 1 Protein; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; C544912:TCF7L1 protein, human; C544894:TCF7L2 protein, human; C405930:CDK5RAP1 protein, human; D019885:Sulfur Group Transferases; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins