title: [Hormonal axes in obesity: cause or effect?].
abstract: Several endocrine changes have been described in the obesity state. The corticotropic axis is hyperresponsive and there is enhancement of hormonal clearance, but cortisol levels are within the normal range. It is important to characterize a pseudo-Cushing in obesity. Leptin seems to be a permissive hormone for the beginning of puberty. In adults, gonadotropines are normal, and hyperandrogenism and hyperestrogenism are found. In women, insulin resistance has a central role in polycystic ovarian syndrome (POS), which is associated to ovarian hyperandrogenemia. In obese subjects, growth hormone (GH) is generally low and IGF1 is normal. Thyroid function is commonly normal in obese subjects.
authors: Grupo de Obesidade e Síndrome Metabólica do Serviço de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, USP, São Paulo. rlordelo21@gmail.com
authors: Roberta A
authors: RA
authors: Lordelo
authors: Marcio C
authors: MC
authors: Mancini
authors: Cíntia
authors: C
authors: Cercato
authors: Alfredo
authors: A
authors: Halpern
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D004702:Endocrine Glands / Q000378:metabolism*; D006065:Gonadotropins, Pituitary / Q000378:metabolism; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006065:Gonadotropins, Pituitary; D006728:Hormones; D020738:Leptin; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D013972:Thyrotropin; D013006:Growth Hormone