title: Tumor expression of major vault protein is an adverse prognostic factor for radiotherapy outcome in oropharyngeal carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vaults are multi-subunit structures that may be involved in nucleo-cytoplasmic transport, with the major vault protein (MVP or lung resistance-related protein [LRP]) being the main component. The MVP gene is located on chromosome 16 close to the multidrug resistance-associated protein and protein kinase c-beta genes. The role of MVP in cancer drug resistance has been demonstrated in various cell lines as well as in ovarian carcinomas and acute myeloid leukemia, but nothing is known about its possible role in radiation resistance. Our aim was to examine this in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Archived biopsy material was obtained for 78 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx who received primary radiotherapy with curative intent. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect MVP expression. Locoregional failure and cancer-specific survival were estimated using cumulative incidence and Cox multivariate analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In a univariate and multivariate analysis, MVP expression was strongly associated with both locoregional failure and cancer-specific survival. After adjustment for disease site, stage, grade, anemia, smoking, alcohol, gender, and age, the estimated hazard ratio for high MVP (2/3) compared with low (0/1) was 4.98 (95% confidence interval, 2.17-11.42; p = 0.0002) for locoregional failure and 4.28 (95% confidence interval, 1.85-9.95; p = 0.001) for cancer-specific mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data are the first to show that MVP may be a useful prognostic marker associated with radiotherapy resistance in a subgroup of patients with HNSCC.
authors: Department of Academic Radiation Oncology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
authors: Priyamal
authors: P
authors: Silva
authors: Catharine M
authors: CM
authors: West
authors: Nick
authors: N
authors: Slevin
authors: Helen
authors: H
authors: Valentine
authors: W David J
authors: WD
authors: Ryder
authors: Lynne
authors: L
authors: Hampson
authors: Rufzan
authors: R
authors: Bibi
authors: Philip
authors: P
authors: Sloan
authors: Nalin
authors: N
authors: Thakker
authors: Jarrod
authors: J
authors: Homer
authors: Ian
authors: I
authors: Hampson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017211:Treatment Failure; D020394:Vault Ribonucleoprotein Particles / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099187:Major Vault Protein
chemical_list: D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D020394:Vault Ribonucleoprotein Particles; D000099187:Major Vault Protein