title: Significant enhancement of esophageal pre-epithelial defense by tegaserod: implications for an esophagoprotective effect.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tegaserod, a serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)4 receptor agonist, is thought to stimulate intestinal secretions. The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of tegaserod vs placebo on salivary and esophageal protective factors in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial in 38 GERD patients treated with tegaserod 6 mg twice a day vs placebo. Salivary samples were collected basally and during mastication. In addition, in 32 GERD patients, salivary and esophageal secretions also were collected during infusion of NaCl, HCl/pepsin, and NaCl in a consecutive fashion using a specially designed esophageal catheter. Saliva and esophageal perfusates were assessed for the pH, volume, content of buffers, protein, mucin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGFalpha), and prostaglandin E (PGE)2 and analyzed statistically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Salivary flow rates during administration of tegaserod increased over corresponding values during both basal conditions (P < .01) and mastication (P < .001). The rate of secretion of salivary bicarbonate and nonbicarbonate buffers also increased in basal conditions (P < .001 and P < .01, respectively) and during mastication (P < .05 and P = .05). Salivary EGF increased during mastication (P < .05), whereas PGE2 and TGF alpha increased in basal conditions (P < .05 and P < .01). Esophageal perfusate volumes increased during administration of tegaserod in basal conditions (P < .05), whereas esophageal EGF secretion increased after mucosal exposure to HCl/pepsin and subsequent final perfusion with NaCl (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant stimulatory impact of 5-HT4 agonist on several salivary protective factors as well as esophageal EGF secretion may have esophagoprotective implications in patients with GERD and may help to address new therapies in the future.
authors: Kansas University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, The Center for GI Nerve & Muscle Function, Gastroenterology Research Laboratory, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA.
authors: Marek
authors: M
authors: Majewski
authors: Tomasz
authors: T
authors: Jaworski
authors: Irene
authors: I
authors: Sarosiek
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: Sostarich
authors: Katherine
authors: K
authors: Roeser
authors: Stanley A
authors: SA
authors: Edlavitch
authors: Jeffrey
authors: J
authors: Kralstein
authors: Grzegorz
authors: G
authors: Wallner
authors: Richard W
authors: RW
authors: McCallum
authors: Jerzy
authors: J
authors: Sarosiek
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D050782:Esophageal pH Monitoring; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005745:Gastric Acidity Determination; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011336:Probability; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists; C105050:tegaserod