title: Intra-oral tactile sensation and aging in a community-based population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intra-oral sensory function plays an important role in swallowing and food intake, yet the impact of aging on oral tactile perception is uncertain. This study examined the effects of age, ethnicity, and gender on tactile perception at specific intra-oral sites in a community-based sample of 372 Mexican-Americans (MAs) and European-Americans (EAs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Four levels of air-pressure were delivered to sites on the anterior and posterior thirds of the tongue and on the velum. Intensity judgments for suprathreshold air puffs were obtained with a direct scaling procedure. Data were analyzed by mixed model multivariate repeated measures ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean judgments of intensity, slopes of intensity functions and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for intensity judgments, indicated that stimuli delivered to the anterior tongue elicited significantly larger and more consistent responding than at the other sites. MAs produced lower mean stimulus intensity judgments for all sites compared to EAs. No significant age-, gender- or ethnic group-related differences were found at any of the sites for the slopes of the intensity functions or for ICCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stimuli are judged more intense at the anterior tongue compared to the posterior tongue or velum and EAs gave higher estimates of intensity than did MAs. However, there are no age-, gender-, or ethnic group-related differences for the repeatability of intensity judgments or the slopes of intensity functions. Intra-oral tactile perception seems to be preserved during aging.
authors: Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy Division, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas 78229-4404, USA.
authors: Cheryl K
authors: CK
authors: Chamberlain
authors: John E
authors: JE
authors: Cornell
authors: Michèle J
authors: MJ
authors: Saunders
authors: John P
authors: JP
authors: Hatch
authors: Rosemary S
authors: RS
authors: Shinkai
authors: Chih-Ko
authors: CK
authors: Yeh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017058:Mexican Americans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010160:Palate, Soft / Q000502:physiology*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014059:Tongue / Q000502:physiology*; D014110:Touch; D044465:White People