Effects of intravitreal moxifloxacin and dexamethasone in experimental Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of intravitreal moxifloxacin and moxifloxacin and dexamethasone combination in an experimental rabbit model of Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis.


METHODS
The right eyes of 24 rabbits weighing 2 to 3 kg were used. Ten thousand colony-forming units (CFU) of S. aureus in 0.1 ml saline solution were inoculated into the vitreous cavity. The eyes were randomly assigned to one of the four groups equally. Twenty-four hours after the inoculation of S. aureus, group 1 received 50 microg moxifloxacin, group 2 received 50 microg moxifloxacin plus 400 microg dexamethasone, and group 3 received 1 mg vancomycin intravitreally. No treatment was given to group 4. Clinical examination scores were recorded. Vitreous aspirates were obtained for microbiological analysis just before sacrifice, and the eyes were enucleated for histopathologic examination. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests.


RESULTS
In all treatment groups, mean number of CFU and histopathologic score were significantly lower compared with control group (p<0.05), and the difference between treatment groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The clinical score was not significantly different between groups (p>0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Intravitreal injection of 50 microg moxifloxacin was effective in the treatment of S. aureus endophthalmitis. Bacteriological, histopathologic, and clinical outcomes after treatment using moxifloxacin, moxifloxacin and dexamethasone combination, and vancomycin were comparable. Intravitreal moxifloxacin may be an option in the treatment of S. aureus endophthalmitis.
Ermis
Sitki Samet
SS
Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Afyon, Turkey. sametermis@hotmail.com
Cetinkaya
Zafer
Z
Kiyici
Halil
H
Inan
Umit Ubeyt
UU
Ozturk
Faruk
F
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000209:etiology; D007267:Injections; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D011804:Quinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011817:Rabbits; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000382:microbiology
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011804:Quinolines; D014640:Vancomycin; D003907:Dexamethasone; D000077266:Moxifloxacin