title: Failure to detect bovine viral diarrhea virus in necropsied farm-raised white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Pennsylvania.
abstract: Between January 1 and December 31, 2005 gross and histologic examinations were performed on carcasses of 61 farm-raised white-tailed deer originating from Pennsylvania. Single-tube real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) for the detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 (BVDV-1) and type 2 (BVDV-2) was performed on each animal. Virus isolation was performed on tissue samples from 25 of 61 animals. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of ear-notch skin to identify BVDV antigen was performed on each animal. All tissues samples tested negative for both BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 by real-time RT-PCR, virus isolation, and IHC. Gross or histopathologic lesions suggestive of BVDV infection were not detected. Results of this study suggest that BVD is not a common cause of mortality in farm-raised white-tailed deer in Pennsylvania.
authors: Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, Orchard Road, University Park, PA 16802, USA. jwb21@psu.edu
authors: Jason W
authors: JW
authors: Brooks
authors: Douglas W
authors: DW
authors: Key
authors: Arthur L
authors: AL
authors: Hattel
authors: Ernest P
authors: EP
authors: Hovingh
authors: Ryan
authors: R
authors: Peterson
authors: Daniel P
authors: DP
authors: Shaw
authors: Jenny S
authors: JS
authors: Fisher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D002417:Cattle; D003670:Deer / Q000821:virology*; D001908:Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004423:Ear / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D010414:Pennsylvania / Q000453:epidemiology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral