[Treatment of laryngeal movement disorders with botulinum toxins: part 1: History and mode of action].
Laryngeal dystonia (spasmodic dysphonia) is a movement disorder characterised by involuntary contractions of the laryngeal muscles involved in vocalisation. The introduction of botulinum toxin (BTX) in the treatment of laryngeal dystonia had a major clinical impact due to the striking improvement of symptoms. Most patients with severe types of spasmodic dysphonia are treated with injections of botulinum toxin type A. For patients with a resistance against type A toxin there is a new hypercleaned type A toxin or type B available. Research on type F toxin is also underway. In this article, the history of botulinum toxin, its therapeutic activity and possibilities for its use are described.
Schwemmle
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Klinik und Poliklinik für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover. schwemmle.cornelia@mh-hannover.de
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D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000266:history; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000266:history; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000266:history
D001905:Botulinum Toxins