title: Mirtazapine monotherapy versus combination therapy with mirtazapine and aripiprazole in depressed patients without psychotic features: a 4-week open-label parallel-group study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is preliminary evidence that the atypical antipsychotic aripiprazole, which is a partial agonist at D(2) and 5-HT(1A) receptors and a potent antagonist at 5-HT(2A) receptors, may be useful as an augmentation strategy in treatment-resistant depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this 4-week open-label non-randomized parallel-group study, the safety and efficacy of aripiprazole as add-on treatment strategy in patients suffering from non-delusional depression was investigated. Forty drug-free depressed inpatients without psychotic symptoms (13 men, 27 women), suffering from a major depressive episode or bipolar disorder, depressive state (DSM-IV criteria), were included in the study. The patients were treated either with mirtazapine monotherapy (45 mg/day) or combination therapy (mirtazapine 45 mg/day plus aripiprazole 15 mg/day) for 4 weeks. Safety and efficacy were assessed weekly using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Simpson-Angus Scale and the Barnes Akathisia Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mirtazapine monotherapy and combined treatment with mirtazapine and aripiprazole showed comparable antidepressant effects as assessed at the endpoint of the study period. However, additional administration of aripiprazole accelerated the onset of antidepressant action in patients suffering from treatment-resistant depression. Additive use of aripiprazole reduced the mirtazapine-induced increase in the body mass index. Moreover, mirtazapine had favourable effects on aripiprazole-induced akathisia. No other extrapyramidal side effects were seen in the combination therapy group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined therapy with mirtazapine and aripiprazole is a safe and well-tolerated treatment option which may be useful especially in treatment-resistant depression. Double-blind controlled studies are needed to further explore the efficacy and safety of aripiprazole in depressed patients.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany. cornelius.schuele@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors: Cornelius
authors: C
authors: Schüle
authors: Thomas C
authors: TC
authors: Baghai
authors: Daniela
authors: D
authors: Eser
authors: Susanne
authors: S
authors: Hecht
authors: Igor
authors: I
authors: Hermisson
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Born
authors: Sibylle
authors: S
authors: Häfner
authors: Caroline
authors: C
authors: Nothdurfter
authors: Rainer
authors: R
authors: Rupprecht
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000068180:Aripiprazole; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008803:Mianserin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D008875:Middle Aged; D000078785:Mirtazapine; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000187:drug effects; D010555:Personality Inventory; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015363:Quinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010879:Piperazines; D015363:Quinolones; D008803:Mianserin; D000068180:Aripiprazole; D000078785:Mirtazapine