title: [Early-onset esotropia operated before the age of 24 months: long-term results of Cüpper's retropexy combined with simultaneous recession of both medial recti].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  When and how to operate an early-onset esotropia (onset before 6 months of age) is still controversial. We conducted a retrospective study of such patients operated before the age of 24 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  82 patients were operated by one surgeon (GK) and followed by the same team. At 5 years post-operation, evaluation criteria included the residual angle of deviation, visual acuity (Birkhäuser Nr 505, 5 m) and binocularity (Lang stereotest I, Bagolini glasses).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 5 years, the residual angle was excellent (0 degrees to + 5 degrees ) in 67 % good, (>+5 degrees to +10 degrees or 0 to -5 degrees ) in 23 %, and poor (>+10 degrees or <-5 degrees ) in 10 %. During the 5 years of follow-up the rate of reoperation was 9.7 %. Isoacuity was obtained in 62 %, slight amblyopia (2 lines of interocular difference) was present in 32 %, and average amblyopia (> 3 lines of interocular difference) was noted in 6 %. Simultaneous perception was present in 53 %, whereas one eye was suppressed or results were undetermined in 47 %. No patient demonstrated stereoscopy using the Lang's stereotest I.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results from our study demonstrate that early surgery of early-onset esotropia has a favourable outcome on both visual acuity and the residual angle of strabismus. Simultaneous perception was achieved in 53 %. These figures are comparable to the results of the ELISSS multicentric study.
authors: Hôpital Ophtalmique Jules Gonin, Unité de Strabologie, Lausanne, Suisse. georges.klainguti@ophtal.vd.ch
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Klainguti
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Lise-Schneider
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Bremart-Strickler
mesh_terms: D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004948:Esotropia / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome