title: Hypertonic 15% sodium pyruvate offers no initial resuscitation advantage compared with 8% hypertonic NACl in sheep with multiple hemorrhages.
abstract: Initial fluid resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock might be enhanced by the infusion of monocarboxylate-energy substrates. We evaluated hemodynamics, metabolism, and fluid dynamics for initial resuscitation of hemorrhage using small volume 15% sodium pyruvate solution (HPY) compared with osmotically matched 8% hypertonic saline (HS). Instrumented conscious sheep were hemorrhaged 25 mL/kg at time zero through 15 min (T0-T15) and 5 mL/kg for 5 min at T50 to T55 and T70 to T75. Fluid resuscitation from T30 to T180 was performed by a computer-controlled closed-loop system, which titrated infusion rate to a mean arterial pressure of 90 mmHg. Initial infusion was 4 mL/kg of either HPY or HS, followed by the administration of lactated Ringer. Both HPY and HS restored cardiac index similarly. The lactate/pyruvate ratio was used to assess metabolic debt and was significantly higher (T180), whereas oxygen delivery was significantly lower (T120) with HPY versus HS. Total fluid administered was similar, with 43.7 +/- 6.2 mL/kg for HPY and 39.4 +/- 6.8 mL/kg for HS. Plasma volume was similarly increased and approached baseline values for both groups. Initial resuscitation with small volume HPY offered no hemodynamic or metabolic advantage compared with small volume HS when the fluids were infused to an end point pressure.
authors: Resuscitation Research Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0801, USA.
authors: Paulo
authors: P
authors: do Nascimento
authors: Sumreen U
authors: SU
authors: Vaid
authors: Stephen L
authors: SL
authors: Hoskins
authors: Jonathan M
authors: JM
authors: Espana
authors: Michael P
authors: MP
authors: Kinsky
authors: George C
authors: GC
authors: Kramer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D010953:Plasma Volume / Q000235:genetics; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000379:methods*; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012756:Sheep; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006982:Hypertonic Solutions; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic; D019344:Lactic Acid; D019289:Pyruvic Acid