title: Synergistic effects of ethanol and hyperthermia on carotid artery vasoconstriction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Heatstroke is a serious condition and clinical studies indicate that vascular stroke increases with excessive consumption of alcohol (ethanol). It was our objective to test the influence of ethanol on cerebral perfusion at normal and higher temperatures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recording of isometric tension in rabbit carotid artery strips in organ baths with different concentrations of ethanol at 37 degrees C and during hyperthermia (39-43 degrees C) and scintigraphic cerebral imaging of a radioactive isotope in the control situation and during hyperthermia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stepwise heating induced reproducible reversible graded contraction, proportional to temperature. At high concentrations (toxic levels), ethanol induced an increase in tension and heating potentiated these responses. Extracellular Mg(2+) potentiated both heat-induced contraction and ethanol-induced contraction while extracellular Ca(2+) had no effect on these responses. During hyperthermia and ethanol scintigraphic isotope uptake was reduced in cortical and cerebellar regions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carotid artery vasomotor tone is temperature dependent and heating induces vasoconstriction. Alcohol (ethanol) at 37 degrees C elicited carotid artery contraction at high concentrations (toxic levels) but at any concentration during elevated temperature (39-43 degrees C). Ethanol potentiated the effect of hyperthermia-induced vasoconstriction and reduced cerebral perfusion as shown by radionuclide imaging. The synergistic effect of ethanol and hyperthermia may induce heat stroke and brain damage.
authors: College of Health Sciences, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Safat, Kuwait. seham@hsc.edu.kw
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Mustafa
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Thulesius
authors: A H
authors: AH
authors: Elgazzar
authors: H N
authors: HN
authors: Ismael
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005334:Fever / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018883:Heat Stroke / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014661:Vasoconstriction
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol