title: Ex vivo programmed macrophages ameliorate experimental chronic inflammatory renal disease.
abstract: Macrophage infiltration of the kidney is a prominent feature associated with the severity of renal injury and progressive renal failure. To determine the influence of macrophages in renal disease models in the absence of endogenous T and B cells, we performed adoptive transfer of macrophages into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. In this study, macrophages were isolated from the spleens of BALB/c mice and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide to induce classically activated M1 macrophages or with interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 to induce alternatively activated M2 macrophages. These macrophages were then infused into SCID mice with adriamycin nephropathy; an in vivo model of chronic inflammatory renal disease analogous to human focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Mice infused with M1 macrophages had a more severe histological and functional injury, whereas M2 macrophage-induced transfused mice had reduced histological and functional injury. Both M1 and M2 macrophages localized preferentially to the area of injury and maintained their phenotypes even after 4 weeks. The protective effect of M2 macrophages was associated with reduced accumulation and possibly downregulated chemokine and inflammatory cytokine expression of the host infiltrating macrophages. Our findings demonstrate that macrophages not only act as effectors of immune injury but can be induced to provide protection against immune injury.
authors: Centre for Transplantation and Renal Research, The University of Sydney at Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia. cindy_wang@wmi.usyd.edu.au
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Y P
authors: YP
authors: Wang
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Zheng
authors: V W S
authors: VW
authors: Lee
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Ouyang
authors: D H H
authors: DH
authors: Chang
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Mahajan
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Coombs
authors: Y M
authors: YM
authors: Wang
authors: S I
authors: SI
authors: Alexander
authors: D C H
authors: DC
authors: Harris
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054414:Chemokine CCL17; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004317:Doxorubicin; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000637:transplantation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016513:Mice, SCID; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C499538:Ccl17 protein, mouse; D054414:Chemokine CCL17; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D018793:Interleukin-13; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D004317:Doxorubicin; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse