The emerging role of botulinum toxin in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders.
The objective of this review was to discuss the emerging role of botulinum toxin in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), to review the current literature, recent clinical trials, as well as preliminary data from our own clinical study, and to formulate an algorithm for the work-up and treatment of TMD.
Song
P C
PC
Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA.
Schwartz
J
J
Blitzer
A
A
D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006261:Headache / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008410:Masticatory Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013706:Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*
D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A