title: CpG oligodeoxynucleotides up-regulate antibacterial systems and induce protection against bacterial challenge in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
abstract: The effects of unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) on the mammalian immune system are relatively well studied but much less is known of their effects on the immune systems of different fish species. Here we show that CpG ODNs significantly enhance the survival of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following bacterial challenge when used both as stand-alone prophylactic agents, or as adjuvants to a commercially available vaccine. They are also capable of increasing serum lysozyme activity in vivo and stimulating the production of chemoattractant factors for rainbow trout head kidney (HK) leucocytes in vitro.
authors: Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, UK.
authors: Allison C
authors: AC
authors: Carrington
authors: Christopher J
authors: CJ
authors: Secombes
mesh_terms: D000193:Actinomycetales Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048409:Aeromonas salmonicida / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D001770:Blood Bactericidal Activity; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D009113:Muramidase / Q000097:blood; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D009113:Muramidase