Long-term consumption of caffeine improves glucose homeostasis by enhancing insulinotropic action through islet insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling in diabetic rats.
Our previous study demonstrated that long-term cola consumption reduced body weight and improved insulin sensitivity in healthy male rats. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of caffeine and sucrose, major components of cola, on glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats. After a 12-week administration of 0.01% caffeine solution, the rats exhibited reduced body weight, fats, and insulin resistance, without a change in food intake, regardless of an 11% sucrose solution supplementation. In addition, caffeine enhanced glucose-stimulated first- and second-phase insulin secretion and beta-cell hyperplasia. This insulinotropic action was explained by potentiating an insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling cascade via induction of insulin receptor substrate 2 in islets. In contrast, sucrose supplementation deteriorated insulin sensitivity and attenuated insulin/IGF-1 signaling in islets, which reduced the number of beta cells. Caffeine nullified the adverse effect of sucrose on glucose homeostasis. These findings indicate that long-term caffeine consumption can help alleviate diabetic symptoms by enhancing insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function through improved insulin/IGF-1 signaling via induction of insulin receptor substrate 2 in mildly diabetic rats.
Park
Sunmin
S
Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Science and Institute of Basic Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan-Si, South Korea. smpark@office.hoseo.ac.kr
Jang
Jin Sun
JS
Hong
Sang Mee
SM
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D005941:Glucokinase / Q000378:metabolism; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010180:Pancreatectomy; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012636:Secretory Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013395:Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism
D001786:Blood Glucose; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D007328:Insulin; C495683:Slc2a2 protein, rat; D002110:Caffeine; D013395:Sucrose; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D005941:Glucokinase