title: Marked gene transcript level alterations occur early during radical prostatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gene expression analyses have become an important approach to understand the biology of cancer. However, transcript level patterns and RNA quality could rapidly change in response to ischemic and mechanical stress. Studies have shown that this occurs both perioperatively and after surgical removal of organs.
  
  
  METHODS
  To better understand the relative importance of perioperative and postoperative gene expression changes, we performed quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions on the transcripts of 91 cancer-related genes from normal and cancerous prostate tissues from 10 patients at eight different time points during surgical manipulation and after removal of the prostate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mRNA levels of 8 (EGR1, p21, KRT17, PIM1, S100P, TNFRSF, WFDC2, and TRIM29) of 91 genes changed significantly with time of surgery in normal and tumor tissue. Remarkably, all eight genes were up-regulated, a reaction that was most prominent during the early intraoperative period. Additional changes occurred but were much less prominent during the first postoperative hour.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results substantially challenge the utility of immediate postoperative tissue sampling. At least for prostate cancer, the data suggest that preoperative tissue collection by core biopsies is optimal for studying molecular changes in normal and neoplastic prostate tissues.
authors: Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. tschlomm@uke.uni-hamburg.de
authors: Thorsten
authors: T
authors: Schlomm
authors: Esther
authors: E
authors: Näkel
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Lübke
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Buness
authors: Felix K-H
authors: FK
authors: Chun
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Steuber
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Graefen
authors: Ronald
authors: R
authors: Simon
authors: Guido
authors: G
authors: Sauter
authors: Annemarie
authors: A
authors: Poustka
authors: Hartwig
authors: H
authors: Huland
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Erbersdobler
authors: Holger
authors: H
authors: Sültmann
authors: Olaf J C
authors: OJ
authors: Hellwinkel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D052138:Genes, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000601:surgery*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D012333:RNA, Messenger