title: Location of lung carcinoma in relation to the smoking habit and gender.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the locations of lung carcinomas in relation to patient gender and smoking status.
  
  
  METHODS
  In order to test the hypothesis that lung carcinoma location (upper or lower lobe; left or right side) is correlated with smoking status and gender, we conducted a retrospective study of 697 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma treated at the Pulmonology-Oncology Outpatient Clinic of the Federal University of São Paulo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the bronchogenic carcinomas occurring in smokers were more frequently located in the upper lobes, whereas those occurring in nonsmokers were more frequently located in the lower lobes. In women, the neoplasms were more often seen in the lower lobes, especially in nonsmokers. Based on the available data, there were no differences in terms of the side affected (left or right).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, bronchogenic carcinomas are predominantly found in the upper lobes. However, in nonsmokers, they occur more frequently in the lower lobes. In females, bronchogenic carcinomas present a tendency to occur more often in the lower lobes.
authors: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. sergio@pneumo.epm.br
authors: Sérgio
authors: S
authors: Jamnik
authors: César
authors: C
authors: Uehara
authors: Vilmer Vieira
authors: VV
authors: da Silva
mesh_terms: D002283:Carcinoma, Bronchogenic / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*