Level and value of interleukin-18 in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary coronary angioplasty.
BACKGROUND
The prognostic value of interleukin (IL)-18 in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) is currently unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study was to test whether the circulating IL-18 level can predict prognosis in patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).


RESULTS
A prospective cohort study was conducted with 267 consecutive patients with STEMI of onset <12 h who were undergoing primary PCI. Blood samples for plasma IL-18 level were collected in the catheterization laboratory following vascular puncture. The plasma IL-18 level was also evaluated in 25 healthy and 30 at-risk control subjects. The plasma level of IL-18 was significantly higher in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients than in both groups of control subjects (all p<0.0001). Patients with high plasma IL-18 level (> or =560 pg/ml) had significantly higher peak creatine kinase-MB levels, higher incidence of cardiogenic shock upon presentation, significantly lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), lower successful reperfusion and significantly higher incidence of 30-day composite major adverse clinical events (MACE) (advanced congestive heart failure > or = class 3 or 30-day mortality) than those patients with low plasma IL-18 level (<560 pg/ml) (all p<0.0001). Multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis demonstrated that high plasma IL-18 level (> or =560 pg/ml) along with low LVEF (<50%) and cardiogenic shock were the most independent predictors of 30-day MACE (p<0.0001).


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with STEMI, plasma IL-18 level is a major independent inflammatory predictor of 30-day MACE. Evaluation of circulating IL-18 might improve the prediction of unfavorable clinical outcomes following AMI.
Youssef
Ali A
AA
Cardiology Department, Suez Canal University Hospital, Ismailia, Egypt.
Chang
Li-Teh
LT
Hang
Chi-Ling
CL
Wu
Chiung-Jen
CJ
Cheng
Cheng-I
CI
Yang
Cheng-Hsu
CH
Sheu
Jiunn-Jye
JJ
Chai
Han-Tan
HT
Chua
Sarah
S
Yeh
Kuo-Ho
KH
Yip
Hon-Kan
HK
D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012770:Shock, Cardiogenic / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013997:Time Factors
D020382:Interleukin-18