title: An orally active catalytic metalloporphyrin protects against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine neurotoxicity in vivo.
abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease in which the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is strongly implicated. The presence of oxidative stress has been detected in human and experimental PD using both direct and indirect indices. Scavenging ROS is, therefore, an important therapeutic avenue for the treatment of PD. Manganic porphyrins are catalytic antioxidants that scavenge a wide range of ROS. In this study, we tested the therapeutic effects of a compound [5,15-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-10,20-bis-trifluoromethyl-porphyrinato manganese (III) chloride (AEOL11207)] belonging to a new generation of lipophilic manganic porphyrins for neuroprotection and oral bioavailability in the mouse 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of parkinsonism. Groups of adult C57BL/6 mice were administered MPTP with varying subcutaneous or oral dosing regimens of AEOL11207. Neurotoxicity was assessed by measurement of striatal dopamine levels and quantification of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons in the substantial nigra pars compacta one week after the first dose of MPTP. Glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation, and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) formation were measured as indicators of oxidative stress in the ventral midbrain in vivo. AEOL11207 administered either by subcutaneous or oral routes protected against MPTP-induced dopamine depletion in the striatum as well as dopaminergic neuronal loss, glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation, and 3-NT formation in the ventral midbrain. Neuroprotection correlated with brain metalloporphyrin concentrations. This is the first demonstration of neuroprotection by an orally active catalytic antioxidant in the MPTP mouse model and suggests its potential clinical utility for the treatment of chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as PD.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA.
authors: Li-Ping
authors: LP
authors: Liang
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Huang
authors: Ruth
authors: R
authors: Fulton
authors: Brian J
authors: BJ
authors: Day
authors: Manisha
authors: M
authors: Patel
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide / Q000378:metabolism; D006207:Half-Life; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D020267:MPTP Poisoning / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008665:Metalloporphyrins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: C519387:AEOL 11207; D008665:Metalloporphyrins; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D005978:Glutathione; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide; D004298:Dopamine