title: Evaluation of two diuresis renography decision support systems to determine the need for furosemide in patients with suspected obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the decisions regarding the need for furosemide made by two independent renal decision support systems, RENEX and CAR-TAN, with the need for furosemide determined in clinical practice and by expert reviewers using the baseline plus furosemide protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  RENEX and CARTAN are independent decision support systems that reach their conclusions without operator input. RENEX is a knowledge-based system and CARTAN is a statistical decision support system. Both were trained using the same pilot group of 31 adult patients (61 kidneys) referred for suspected obstruction. Subsequently, both systems were prospectively applied to 102 patients (200 kidneys) of whom 70 received furosemide; decisions regarding the need for furosemide were compared with the clinical decisions and the decisions of three experts who independently scored each kidney on the need for furosemide. Differences were resolved by consensus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RENEX agreed with the clinical and experts' decisions to give furosemide in 97% (68/70) and 98% (65/66) of patients, respectively, whereas CARTAN agreed in 90% (63/70) and 89% (59/66), respectively, p < 0.03. In contrast, CARTAN agreed with the experts' decision to withhold furosemide in 78% of kidneys (87/111), whereas RENEX agreed in only 69% of kidneys (77/111), p = 0.008.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of RENEX or CARTAN as decision support tools in the baseline plus furosemide protocol has the potential to help the radiologist avoid unnecessary imaging and reduce the technologist, computer, camera, and physician time required to perform the procedure.
authors: Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton St., Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. ataylor@emory.edu
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Taylor
authors: Andrew N
authors: AN
authors: Hill
authors: José N E
authors: JN
authors: Binongo
authors: Amita K
authors: AK
authors: Manatunga
authors: Raghuveer
authors: R
authors: Halkar
authors: Eva V
authors: EV
authors: Dubovsky
authors: Ernest V
authors: EV
authors: Garcia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D020000:Decision Support Systems, Clinical; D004232:Diuretics; D005260:Female; D005665:Furosemide; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D011866:Radioisotope Renography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017263:Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017263:Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide; D005665:Furosemide