title: Safety and efficacy of overnight orthokeratology in myopic children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This prospective case series was conducted to describe the safety and efficacy of orthokeratology with the Emerald Contact Lens for Overnight Orthokeratology (Oprifocon A; Euclid Systems Corporation, Herndon, Virginia) among young myopes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty subjects (ages 10 to 16) were enrolled in the 6-month pilot study. Subjects were fit empirically with overnight orthokeratology lenses and evaluated at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, and 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen subjects completed the study. The mean baseline spherical equivalent refraction (SER) was -2.06 diopters (D) (+/-0.75). The mean SER at 6 months was -0.16 D (+/-0.38). The mean baseline uncorrected acuity was 0.78 (+/-0.28) logarithmic minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) equivalent (20/100 Snellen). The mean logMAR equivalent at 6 months was -0.03 +/- 0.12 (<20/20 Snellen). On average, 40% of eyes showed some type of corneal staining between the 1-week and 6-month visits. No serious adverse events occurred during the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to previously published studies that reported maximum results at 2 weeks, subjects reached maximum reduction in myopia at the 1-week visit and, on average, obtained a 92.2% reduction in spherical equivalent refractive error at 6 months. This pilot study lends to a growing body of evidence that short-term correction of mild to moderate myopia with overnight orthokeratology is safe and efficacious in children and adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Michigan College of Optometry, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, Michigan 49307, USA. mikar@ferris.edu <mikar@ferris.edu>
authors.forename: Renée
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mika
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cron
authors.forename: Josh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lotoczky
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pole
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003261:Contact Lenses / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009216:Myopia / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D016896:Treatment Outcome