title: Effects of boron and calcium supplementation on mechanical properties of bone in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to consider the effects of boron (B) and calcium (Ca) supplementation on mechanical properties of bone tissues and mineral content of the selected bones in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male Sprague Dawley rats underwent three different treatments with boron and calcium in their drinking water, while taking diet ad libitum for 4 weeks. Rats in the three treatment groups received 2 mg B/d, 300 mg Ca/d, and a combination of 2 mg B+ 300 mg Ca/d, respectively. After the experimental period body weights were recorded and bone mechanical properties were determined on the tibiae, femurs, and fifth lumbar vertebral bones and the mineral contents of these bones was calculated as the ash percentage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Better measurement of bone mechanical properties were observed for boron supplementation. The stiffness of the lumbar vertebral bones tended to increase in all groups and was significant for Ca supplementation. The significant maximal load obtained for boron in all bones indicates higher strength and less strength for apparently a high level of calcium, while this negative defect in the case of lumbar vertebral bones was corrected in the presence of boron. Highest mean energy to maximal load was shown with boron supplementation, demonstrating significant values with Ca group, and lower energy for the lumbar vertebral bones in Ca group in comparison with the controls. Less deformation at the yield points was shown in Ca group. There were no significant differences in ash weights among the four groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Additional and longer studies are warranted to further determine the effects of supplemental boron with different calcium levels and possibly other minerals involved in bone mechanical properties in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. naghiimr@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Naghii
authors.forename: Giti
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Torkaman
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mofid
mesh_terms: D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects*; D001895:Boron / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013977:Tibia / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D001895:Boron