title: New treatment approaches for osteonecrosis of the femoral head: an overview.
abstract: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a debilitating disease that ultimately leads to hip joint destruction. Various efforts have been made in an attempt to enhance the healing of osseous defects in the femoral head before collapse occurs. Examples of noninvasive treatment modalities include pharmacologic measures, electrical stimulation, shock wave therapy, and electromagnetic field therapy. In addition, biologic alternatives will induce new bone formation. Many of these agents or techniques are still undergoing preclinical and clinical trials, and some are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. It is important to review new treatment opportunities that are currently available or on the horizon.
authors.affiliation: Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopaedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mont
authors.forename: Lynne C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Thorsten M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Seyler
authors.forename: German A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Marulanda
authors.forename: Khaled J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Saleh
authors.forename: Ronald E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Delanois
mesh_terms: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002484:Cementation; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005270:Femur Head / Q000601:surgery; D005271:Femur Head Necrosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation; D016285:Iloprost / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013635:Tantalum / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D013635:Tantalum; D016285:Iloprost