title: Glycolipids with nonreducing end alpha-mannosyl residues that have the potential to activate invariant Valpha19 NKT cells.
abstract: We have previously demonstrated that alpha-mannosyl ceramide and its derivatives promote immune responses of NK1.1(+) invariant Valpha19-Jalpha33 T cell receptor (TCR) alpha(+) T cells (Valpha19 NKT cells). In this study, attempts were made to determine the structural requirements for natural ligands for Valpha19 NKT cells. Naturally occurring and synthetic glycolipids were analyzed for their ability to stimulate the cells prepared from invariant Valpha19-Jalpha33 TCR transgenic mice, in which development of Valpha19 NKT cells is facilitated. As a result, alpha-mannosyl phosphatidylinositols such as 2,6-di-alpha-mannosyl phosphatidylinositol and alpha-mannosyl-4alpha-glucosaminyl-6-phosphatidylinositol (alpha-Man-GlcNH(2)-PtdIns) as well as alpha-mannosyl ceramide derivatives were found to activate the cells from the transgenic mouse liver, gut lamina propria and spleen in vivo and in vitro. Thus, glycolipids with nonreducing end alpha-mannosyl residues are suggested to be potent antigens for Valpha19 NKT cells. Next, a series of invariant Valpha19-Jalpha33 TCR(+) hybridomas, each with variations in the sequence of the Valpha-Jalpha junction and the TCR beta chain, were tested for responsiveness toward the alpha-mannosyl glycolipids. A loose correlation between the primary structure of the TCR and the reactive glycolipids was observed. For instance, hybridomas expressing TCRs consisting of an alpha chain with a variation in the Valpha19-Jalpha33 junction and a Vbeta6(+)beta chain showed affinity towards alpha-mannosyl ceramide and alpha-Man-GlcNH(2)-PtdIns, whereas those expressing TCRs with an invariant Valpha19-Jalpha33 alpha chain and a Vbeta8(+)beta chain responded to 2,6-di-alpha-mannosyl phosphatidylinositol. Thus, it is suggested that Valpha19 NKT cells with microheterogeneity in the TCR structure have been generated for defense against various antigens expressing alpha-mannosyl glycolipids.
authors.affiliation: Developmental Immunology Unit, Mitsubishi Kagaku Institute of Life Sciences, 11 Minamiooya, Machida, Tokyo 194-8511, Japan. michio@libra.ls.m-kagaku.co.jp
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimamura
authors.forename: Yi-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Taroh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirabayashi
authors.forename: Chikara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murakata
authors.forename: Yukishige
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Tomoya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002518:Ceramides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D008358:Mannose / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D002518:Ceramides; D000939:Epitopes; D006017:Glycolipids; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D008358:Mannose