title: A clinicopathological analysis in unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma: a report of 23 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the clinicopathological characteristics of unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma (UGC).
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively studied 23 cases of UGC in Tongji Hospital, and compared their clinicopathological characteristics with 33 cases of preoperatively diagnosed gallbladder carcinoma (PDGC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of UGC coexisting with cholecystolithiasis was significantly higher than that of PDGC (chi(2) = 13.53, P < 0.01). The infection rate of hepatitis B virus was 21.74% (5/23) in UGC and 30.30% (10/33) in PDGC. Nine (39.13%) of 23 patients with UGC and 8/33 (24.24) PDGC had contact with schistosome pestilent water. The rate of multiple pregnancies was 56.52% (13/23) in the patients with UGC and 42.42% (14/33) in PDGC. The primary location of the UGC was mostly in the neck and body of the gallbladder, and that of the PDGC was often in the body and bottom. The incidence of Nevin stage I and II UGC was significantly higher than that of PDGC (chi(2) = 4.44, P < 0.05 and chi(2) = 4.96, P < 0.05) while that of Nevin stage V UGC was significantly lower than that of PDGC (chi(2) = 7.59, P < 0.01). According to the grading of carcinoma, the incidence of well-differentiated UGC was significantly higher than that of PDGC (chi(2) = 4.16, P < 0.05), and that of poorly-differentiated UGC was significantly lower than that of PDGC (chi(2) = 4.48, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are different characteristics between UGC and PDGC, such as in primary location, malignant degree and incidence of coexistence with cholecystolithiasis. Cholecystolithiasis, hepatitis B, schistosome and multiple pregnancies were high risk factors for gallbladder carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China. chaoyue528@sohu.com
authors.forename: Li-Ning
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Sheng-Quan
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Zou
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002681:China; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000379:methods; D041761:Cholecystolithiasis / Q000150:complications; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012552:Schistosomiasis / Q000150:complications