title: Incidental prostatic adenocarcinoma in patients with PSA less than 4 ng/mL undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy for bladder cancer in Iranian men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the incidence of prostate adenocarcinoma in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy due to bladder cancer in Iranian men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty cystoprostatectomy specimens removed due to bladder malignancy (2004-2005) at two referral centers (Shaheed Modarress and Shaheed Labbafinejad Hospitals, Tehran, Iran) were examined for the coincidental finding of prostate cancer (PCa). At the time of surgery the patient's serum PSA was less than 4 ng/mL and there were no suspicious lesions by digital rectal examination. Pathologic grade, stage, morphometric volume, number of tumor foci and association with areas of high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) were assessed by light microscopy. All specimens were totally embedded and whole-mounted. Clinically significant cancers were defined as tumors with >or= 0.5 mL volume, Gleason pattern 4 or 5, pT3, positive surgical margin, and multifocality > 3.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incidentally detected cancer was found in 7 (14%) of cystoprostatectomy specimens. HGPIN was present in 1 (14.3%) of the cystoprostatectomies with incidentally detected prostate cancer. None of cystoprostatectomies without prostate cancer had HGPIN. Four (57%) of the detected cancers were significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that incidentally detected prostate cancer in Iran is lower than the rates reported in other countries. Further studies are warranted for better declaration of variability of prostate cancer between different ethnic groups.
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shaheed Modarress and Shaheed Labbafinejad Hospitals, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Danesh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Parvin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basiri
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Javadzadeh
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Safarinejad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nahabedian
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015653:Cystectomy; D006801:Humans; D033162:Incidental Findings; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen