title: Concentrations of methadone in breast milk and plasma in the immediate perinatal period.
abstract: This study evaluates concentrations of methadone in breast milk and plasma among a sample of methadone-maintained women in the immediate perinatal period. Twelve methadone-maintained, lactating women provided blood and breast milk specimens 1, 2, 3, and 4 days after delivery. Specimens were collected at the time of trough (just before methadone dose) and peak (3 hours after dosing) maternal methadone levels. Paired specimens of foremilk (prefeed) and hindmilk (postfeed) were obtained at each sampling time. Although there was a significant increase in methadone concentration in breast milk over time for the peak postfeed sampling time, t (22)=2.40, P=.0255, methadone concentrations in breast milk were small, ranging from 21 to 314 ng/mL, and were unrelated to maternal methadone dose. Results obtained from this study contribute to the recommendation of breastfeeding for methadone-maintained women regardless of methadone dose.
authors.affiliation: Center for Addiction and Pregnancy, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. ljansson@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Lauren M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Jansson
authors.forename: Robin E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Choo
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Harrow
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Velez
authors.forename: Jennifer R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: Marilyn A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Huestis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood*; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D008691:Methadone