title: Polymorphism in NEDD4L is associated with increased salt sensitivity, reduced levels of P-renin and increased levels of Nt-proANP.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neuronal precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated 4-like (NEDD4L) is a regulator of the amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), thus a candidate gene for salt sensitivity. Carriers of an intact NEDD4L C2-domain, encoded by the NEDD4L rs4149601 (G/A) GG genotype, together with the C-allele of the NEDD4L rs2288774 (C/T) polymorphism have previously been shown to have increased blood pressure. Our aim was to test if genetic variation in NEDD4L is associated with increased salt sensitivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  39 normotensive subjects were studied. The difference in 24-hour systolic blood pressure after four weeks on 150 mmol/day NaCl intake and four weeks on 50 mmol/day NaCl was defined as salt sensitivity. The rs4149601 and rs2288774 polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-based techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Carriers of the rs4149601 GG-genotype together with the rs2288774 CC-genotype had significantly higher salt sensitivity (median, IQR) (18.0, 7.5-20.0 mmHg vs 6.0, 0.0-10.0 mmHg, P = 0.007) and lower plasma renin concentration (P-renin) (6.0, 2.0-9.5 mU/L vs 15.0, 9.0-24.0 mU/L, P = 0.005) as compared to non-carriers of these genotypes. In carriers of the rs4149601 GG-genotype together with the rs2288774 CC- or CT-genotype, as compared to non-carriers, salt sensitivity was (8.0, 6.0-18.0 mmHg vs 5.0, 0.0-10.0 mmHg, P = 0.07) and P-renin (9.0, 6.0-16.0 mU/L vs 15.0, 9.0-28.0 mU/L, P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genetic NEDD4L variation seems to affect salt sensitivity and P-renin in normotensive subjects, suggesting that genotyping of NEDD4L may be clinically useful in order to identify subjects who benefit from dietary salt restriction in the prevention of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö University Hospital and Lund University, Malmö, Sweden. jonas.dahlberg@med.lu.se
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dahlberg
authors.forename: Lars-Olof
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: von Wowern
authors.forename: Olle
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Melander
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000097:blood*; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000075702:Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D000075702:Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases; C000618485:Nedd4L protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D012083:Renin