title: Relation of autonomic activity to plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 plasma concentration and the role of body mass index.
abstract: We hypothesized an association between heart rate variability (HRV) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 that would be affected by body mass index (BMI). We determined PAI-1 antigen in plasma and the low-frequency power, high-frequency power and the low-frequency/high-frequency power ratio from surface electrocardiogram data using spectral analysis in a sample of 116 black and white men and women (mean +/- SE age, 36.8 +/- 0.7 years). Regression equations controlled for age, gender, ethnicity, smoking status, blood pressure, and BMI. We specifically tested whether BMI would moderate or mediate the relationship between HRV and PAI-1. There were bivariate correlations between PAI-1 and low-frequency power (r = -0.24, P = 0.010), high-frequency power (r = -0.41, P < 0.001), and the low-frequency/high-frequency power ratio (r = 0.19, P = 0.042). High-frequency power emerged as an independent predictor of PAI-1 levels (beta = -0.20, P = 0.040; DeltaR = 0.027) after controlling for covariates. The BMI significantly mediated the relationship between PAI-1 levels and low-frequency power (t = -2.77, P = 0.006) and high-frequency power (t = -2.99, P = 0.003). In conclusion, reduced parasympathetic activity (i.e. decreased high-frequency power) accounted for a small but significant amount of the variance in elevated PAI-1 levels. More apparent, higher BMI explained a significant proportion of the variance in the relationship between depressed sympathetic and parasympathetic activity and elevated plasma PAI-1 concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospital Berne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: von Känel
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Nelesen
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ziegler
authors.forename: Brent T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Mausbach
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: Joel E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Dimsdale
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1