title: Roles of cyclic diguanylate in the regulation of bacterial pathogenesis.
abstract: Cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) is a bacterial second messenger of growing recognition involved in the regulation of a number of complex physiological processes. This review describes the biosynthesis and hydrolysis of c-di-GMP and several mechanisms of regulation of c-di-GMP metabolism. The contribution of c-di-GMP to regulating biofilm formation and motility, processes that affect pathogenesis of many bacteria, is described, as is c-di-GMP regulation of virulence gene expression. Finally, ways in which c-di-GMP may mediate these regulatory effects are proposed.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA. rita.tamayo@tufts.edu
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tamayo
authors.forename: Jason T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Pratt
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Camilli
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D018441:Biofilms; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D006868:Hydrolysis; D009068:Movement; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C062025:bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid; D006152:Cyclic GMP