title: Simulating human cones from mid-mesopic up to high-photopic luminances.
abstract: A computational model of human cones for intensities ranging from 1 td up to full bleaching levels is presented. The model conforms well with measurements made in primate horizontal cells, follows Weber's law at high intensities, and performs range compression consistent with what is known of cones in other vertebrates. The model consists entirely of processes with a clear physiological interpretation: pigment bleaching, saturation of cGMP hydrolysis, calcium feedback on cGMP synthesis, and a nonlinear membrane. The model is implemented according to a very fast computational scheme useful for simulations, and sample programs in Matlab and Fortran are provided as supplementary material.
authors.affiliation: Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. j.h.van.hateren@rug.nl
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: van Hateren
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Snippe
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D003198:Computer Simulation; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008027:Light; D008251:Macaca; D008566:Membranes / Q000502:physiology; D008959:Models, Neurological; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D017949:Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D051248:Retinal Horizontal Cells / Q000502:physiology; D012168:Retinal Pigments / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D012168:Retinal Pigments; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D002118:Calcium