title: Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 and long-acting analogues on cardiovascular and metabolic function.
abstract: Although the insulinotropic role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in type 2 diabetes mellitus has been substantiated, its role in cardioprotection remains largely unknown. To ascertain the role of the cardiovascular actions of GLP-1 in health and disease states necessitates a review of the current evidence as well as ongoing investigation. Of cardiovascular significance, both positive inotropic and chronotropic effects, unmodifiable by beta-adrenergic blockers, have been reportedly attributed to GLP-1 actions on the myocardium. However, the potent role of GLP-1 and its analogues in eliciting tachycardic and pressor effects should be of some concern. Aside from its reported insulinotropic activity, GLP-1 impacts the myocardium directly. Highly specific GLP-1 receptors have been identified in the heart and within the central nervous system, particularly in the nucleus tractus solitarius, a neuromodulatory centre of cardiovascular control. The occurrence of GLP-1 receptors in cardiac tissue and autonomic regions of cardiovascular control has stimulated investigation, particularly as these sites may be suitable targets for the pharmacological action of GLP-1 and long-acting analogues. Discordance on the haemodynamic consequences of GLP-1 pharmacotherapy in experimental animals and human patients has been reported in the literature. However, long-term pharmacological doses of GLP-1 have shown prolonged and beneficial actions on cardiovascular homeostasis in the adjuvant treatment of metabolic disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona 85308, USA.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saraceni
authors.forename: Tom L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Broderick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C000593833:GLP1R protein, human; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1