title: Effect of cell differentiation and passage number on the expression of efflux proteins in wild type and vinblastine-induced Caco-2 cell lines.
abstract: The mRNA level expression of MDR1, MRP1-6, BCRP and CYP3A4 was determined by quantitative PCR in wild type (Caco-2WT) and vinblastine-treated (Caco-2VBL) Caco-2 cells at different passage levels (32-53). Differentiation increased the mRNA levels of MDR1, BCRP and all the MRPs except MRP4. Corresponding mRNA levels were observed in Caco-2WT and Caco-2VBL, except that the expression of MRD1 was higher in Caco-2VBL than in Caco-2WT cells. CYP3A4 was barely detected in either cell line. MDR1 functionality was studied using rhodamine123 and verapamil as a substrate-inhibitor pair. Corresponding to the observed differences in mRNA levels, MDR1 activity was higher in the Caco-2VBL cells. In Caco-2WT, MDR1 functionality was elevated at low passage numbers (32-35) compared to higher ones (49-53). Verapamil inhibited MDR1 efflux except at higher passage Caco-2WT cells, where no MDR1 activity could be observed. The results support the use of Caco-2VBL cells in MDR1 screening. The functional expression is higher than in Caco-2WT and remains consistent across the studied passages without major differences in mRNA levels of other efflux proteins. As both the passage number and the level of cell differentiation affect the expression profile of efflux proteins, short-term cell growth protocols should be evaluated accordingly.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. sanna.siissalo@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Sanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siissalo
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Laitinen
authors.forename: Maija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koljonen
authors.forename: Kati-Sisko
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Vellonen
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kortejärvi
authors.forename: Arto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urtti
authors.forename: Jouni
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hirvonen
authors.forename: Ann Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kaukonen
mesh_terms: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020112:Rhodamine 123 / Q000494:pharmacology; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C513055:ABCB1 protein, human; D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020112:Rhodamine 123; D014747:Vinblastine