title: Bone marrow cytokeratin 19 mRNA level is an independent predictor of relapse-free survival in operable breast cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the prognostic significance of elevated cytokeratin 19 (CK19) mRNA levels in the bone marrow (BM) of operable breast cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1998 to 2000, BM was collected from 195 consecutive breast cancer patients immediately prior to surgery and from 34 healthy volunteers. The patients received surgical and adjuvant treatment according to national guidelines at the time. We analyzed the level of CK19 mRNA in the BM samples from patients and normal controls using a real-time RT-PCR assay. The associations with known prognostic factors and the impact of pathological CK19 mRNA levels on patients' prognosis were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using the 99 percentile of the normal control group as a cut-off, 24 (12%) of the 195 patients and 1 (3%) of the 34 volunteers were diagnosed as CK19 mRNA positive. There was no correlation between CK19 BM status and the clinicopathological factors tested. During a median follow-up of 72 months, 7 (29%) of the 24 CK19 mRNA BM positive patients experienced systemic relapse compared to 20 (12%) of the 171 in the CK19 mRNA negative group. The patients with CK19 mRNA-positive BM had significantly shorter systemic recurrence-free survival (P=0.01) and overall recurrence-free survival (P=0.005). Multivariate Cox regression showed CK19 mRNA BM status to be an independent predictor of relapse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detection of CK19 mRNA in the BM of breast cancer patients by real-time RT-PCR is an independent predictor of relapse-free survival in operable breast cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Stavanger University Hospital, Hillevåg, P.O. Box 8100, 4068, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Ragne K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Farmen
authors.forename: Oddmund
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nordgård
authors.forename: Bjørnar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gilje
authors.forename: Fuad V
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Shammas
authors.forename: Jan T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kvaløy
authors.forename: Satu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oltedal
authors.forename: Reino
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heikkilä
mesh_terms: D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000737:chemistry*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D053539:Keratin-19 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D008408:Mastectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis*; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D053539:Keratin-19; D012333:RNA, Messenger