title: Chemically-modified polysaccharide extract derived from Leucaena leucocephala alters Raw 264.7 murine macrophage functions.
abstract: In this study, a chemical modification of the polysaccharides extract (E) derived from Leucaena leucocephala seeds was performed to prepare C-glycosidic 2-propanol derivative (PE), and its sulphated derivative (SPE). This study aimed to characterize immunomodulatory activities of the original extract and its derivatives by exploring their effects on Raw macrophage 264.7 functions and their antioxidant activity. Our results indicated that PE was an effective radical scavenger to hydroxyl, peroxyl, and superoxide anion radicals, and SPE was a peroxyl radical scavenger. PE and SPE were found to influence the macrophage functions. Both of PE and SPE enhanced the macrophage proliferation and phagocytosis of FITC-zymosan; PE inhibited nitric oxide (NO) generation and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) secretion in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Raw macrophage 264.7. In contrast, SPE over-induced NO generation and TNF-alpha secretion. Moreover, PE strongly inhibited the binding affinity of FITC-LPS to Raw 264.7, as indicated by flow cytometry analysis. These findings revealed that PE may act as a potent anti-inflammatory agent; however SPE may act as an inducer of macrophage functions against pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Laboratory, Nobel Project, Department of Biochemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. aeldeen@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Amira M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gamal-Eldeen
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Amer
authors.forename: Wafaa A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Helmy
authors.forename: Roba M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Talaat
authors.forename: Halla
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ragab
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D006031:Glycosylation; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009573:Nitrites / Q000276:immunology; D010545:Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D053149:Plant Gums / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009573:Nitrites; D010545:Peroxides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D053149:Plant Gums; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C049375:perhydroxyl radical; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical