title: Aetiology of the relationship between callous-unemotional traits and conduct problems in childhood.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A callous and unemotional disposition is an indicator of early-onset antisocial behaviour.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the extent to which genetic influences contribute to the overlap between callous-unemotional traits and conduct problems in a large population sample of 7-year-old twins.
  
  
  METHODS
  Teachers provided ratings of callous-unemotional traits and conduct problems for 3434 twin pairs from the Twins Early Development Study. Model-fitting analyses were performed across the continuum of scores and at the extremes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The phenotypic relationship was primarily genetically mediated, both across the continuum and at the extremes and was substantial.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At 7 years of age, genetic influences on callous-unemotional traits overlap substantially with genetic influences on conduct problems. This combination should guide selection criteria in future molecular genetic studies.
authors.affiliation: Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, P080, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK. e.viding@iop.kcl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Essi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Viding
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Frick
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Plomin
mesh_terms: D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic