title: Efficacy, safety and early response of paliperidone extended-release tablets (paliperidone ER): results of a 6-week, randomized, placebo-controlled study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Paliperidone extended-release tablet (paliperidone ER) is an oral psychotropic agent developed for schizophrenia treatment. Paliperidone (9-OH-risperidone, metabolite of risperidone), when used with OROS technology has a unique pharmacokinetic profile undergoing limited hepatic metabolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  The efficacy and safety of once-daily paliperidone ER (3 mg, 9 mg and 15 mg) were compared with placebo in 618 patients with acute schizophrenia in a 6-week, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study. An assay sensitivity group with known efficacy was included to confirm trial validity (olanzapine 10 mg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  All doses of paliperidone ER demonstrated significant improvements in PANSS total and PANSS factors scores (p<0.05) and in personal and social functioning (p<0.001) compared with placebo. Symptom improvement has been observed at the first observation assessment (Day 4) (p<0.001) compared with placebo, suggesting a rapid onset of action for paliperidone ER. Paliperidone ER was associated with a low incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events. The incidence of movement disorder-related adverse events and rating scale scores were similar in the paliperidone ER 3 mg and placebo groups and increased with dose. Increases in prolactin plasma levels and dose-related increases in body weight (<2 kg) were observed; there were no significant changes in serum lipid or glucose levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, all doses of paliperidone ER were effective in significantly improving the symptoms of schizophrenia and personal and social functioning and were generally well tolerated. As such, paliperidone ER may provide a valuable new treatment option for patients with schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. davidso@netvision.net.il
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Emsley
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: Guohua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Mariëlle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eerdekens
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000187:drug effects; D000068882:Paliperidone Palmitate; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D007555:Isoxazoles; D008055:Lipids; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000068882:Paliperidone Palmitate