title: Major clades of Agaricales: a multilocus phylogenetic overview.
abstract: An overview of the phylogeny of the Agaricales is presented based on a multilocus analysis of a six-gene region supermatrix. Bayesian analyses of 5611 nucleotide characters of rpb1, rpb1-intron 2, rpb2 and 18S, 25S, and 5.8S ribosomal RNA genes recovered six major clades, which are recognized informally and labeled the Agaricoid, Tricholomatoid, Marasmioid, Pluteoid, Hygrophoroid and Plicaturopsidoid clades. Each clade is discussed in terms of key morphological and ecological traits. At least 11 origins of the ectomycorrhizal habit appear to have evolved in the Agaricales, with possibly as many as nine origins in the Agaricoid plus Tricholomatoid clade alone. A family-based phylogenetic classification is sketched for the Agaricales, in which 30 families, four unplaced tribes and two informally named clades are recognized.
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, USA. pmatheny@clarku.edu
authors.forename: P Brandon
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Matheny
authors.forename: Judd M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Curtis
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hofstetter
authors.forename: M Catherine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Aime
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Moncalvo
authors.forename: Zai-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Jason C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Slot
authors.forename: Joseph F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Ammirati
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Baroni
authors.forename: Neale L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Bougher
authors.forename: Karen W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: D Jean
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lodge
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Kerrigan
authors.forename: Michelle T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Seidl
authors.forename: Duur K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Aanen
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: DeNitis
authors.forename: Graciela M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Daniele
authors.forename: Dennis E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Desjardin
authors.forename: Bradley R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Kropp
authors.forename: Lorelei L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Norvell
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: Else C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Vellinga
authors.forename: Rytas
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vilgalys
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Hibbett
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004463:Ecology; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D025261:Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D038821:Mycorrhizae; D010802:Phylogeny; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S; C065039:RNA, ribosomal, 25S; D025261:Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases