title: Recent advances of TNF-alpha antagonists in rheumatoid arthritis and chronic heart failure.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha has been thoroughly investigated and established as a pivotal component of the inflammatory cascade. This review encompasses the safety and efficacy of TNF antagonists in rheumatoid arthritis, the interplay between rheumatoid arthritis and heart failure, as well as presentation of the available preclinical and clinical data discussing the use of anti-TNF therapy in patients with chronic heart failure. There is well-documented evidence for the role of anti-TNF-alpha in rheumatoid arthritis, in contrast to the controversial role of anti-TNF-alpha in heart failure. In animal models and small-scale clinical trials, anti-TNF therapy showed some promise in treating chronic heart failure, whereas larger, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials (i.e., RECOVER [Research into Etanercept Cytokine Antagonism in Ventricular Dysfunction] and RENAISSANCE [Randomized Etanercept North American Strategy to Study Antagonism of Cytokines]) failed to show a statistically significant difference in composite clinical function score for anti-TNF therapy versus placebo. Future investigation is needed to determine if individualized dosing of anti-TNF therapy is necessary and whether or not treating patients with earlier-stage disease will show a benefit.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research Institute at Albany, Albany College of Pharmacy, 106 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA. mousas@acp.edu
authors.forename: Shaker A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mousa
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Goncharuk
authors.forename: Danny
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha