title: A mobile phone as a memory aid for individuals with traumatic brain injury: a preliminary investigation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the use of a 'reminders' function on a mobile phone as a compensatory memory aid for five individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A series of five single case ABAB reversal design.
  
  
  METHODS
  A mobile phone was given to each participant during two intervention phases. Target behaviours were recorded for the length of the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The phone was programmed to prompt a number of identified target behaviours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For two participants, there was an increase in the target behaviours achieved when the phone was used, with percentages rising from 51% to 95% for Participant 1 (P1) and 58% to 88% for Participant 5 (P5). The percentage of target behaviours achieved did not return to initial baseline levels when the phone was removed, indicating that the intervention may have facilitated P1 and, in particular, P5 in the learning of their routines. The participants who did not benefit from the mobile phone differed from P1 and P5 as they fell in the category of 'severe memory impairment' on the RBMT, were significantly impaired on an assessment of executive functioning (Tower Test) and required 24-hour care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The preliminary investigation with five participants suggests that this system may be of best use with individuals who do not require 24-hour care and do not experience severe memory and executive functioning difficulties. However, further research with a larger sample is highly recommended.
authors.affiliation: Southern Team, Julian Hospital, Norwich, UK. sally.stapleton@nwmhp.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stapleton
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Atterton
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D040421:Cell Phone; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017010:Reminder Systems; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome