title: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans emissions from open burning of crop residues in China between 1997 and 2004.
abstract: Annual emissions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) from open burning of crop residues in each province of China mainland between 1997 and 2004 were estimated to be ranged from 1.38x10(3) to 1.52x10(3) g I-TEQ/yr, with the average of 1.50+/-0.08x10(3) g I-TEQ/yr, which contributed to approximately 10% approximately 20% of the total emissions in China. The PCDD/F emissions mainly occurred in the largest crop-producing provinces, especially in those of higher economic levels. The major sources of PCDD/F emissions from open burning in China were found to be cereal residues (i.e. rice, wheat, and corn), which accounted about 70% of the total emissions. Moreover, the first-order one-variable grey differential equation model (GM (1,1) model) for annual emissions of PCDD/Fs was established based on grey system theory. The GM (1,1) model was proved to be robust to predict the annual PCDD/F emissions from crop residue field burning in forthcoming years.
authors.affiliation: POPs Research Centre, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, No. 1 Qinghuayuan, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, PR China. zhangq@mail.nsfc.gov.cn
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D017745:Incineration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012275:Oryza; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D014908:Triticum; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001572:Benzofurans; D004147:Dioxins; C023614:dibenzofuran; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; C020887:dibenzo(1,4)dioxin