title: Increased serum levels of advanced glycation endproducts predict total, cardiovascular and coronary mortality in women with type 2 diabetes: a population-based 18 year follow-up study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  AGEs, modification products formed by glycation or glycoxidation of proteins and lipids, have been linked to premature atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes. We investigated whether increased serum levels of AGEs predict total, cardiovascular (CVD) or CHD mortality in a population-based study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum levels of AGEs were determined by immunoassay in a random sample of 874 Finnish diabetic study participants (488 men, 386 women), aged 45-64 years. These participants were followed for 18 years for total, CVD and CHD mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate Cox regression models revealed that serum levels of AGEs were significantly associated with total (p = 0.002) and CVD mortality (p = 0.021) in women, but not in men. Serum levels of AGEs in the highest sex-specific quartile predicted all-cause (hazards ratio [HR] 1.51; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.14-1.99; p = 0.004), CVD (HR 1.56; 95% CI 1.12-2.19; p = 0.009), and CHD (HR 1.68; 95% CI 1.11-2.52; p = 0.013) mortality in women, even after adjustment for confounding factors, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased serum levels of AGEs predict total and CVD mortality in women with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Aker and Ullevål Diabetes Research Centre, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Kilhovd
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Juutilainen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lehto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rönnemaa
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Torjesen
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Hanssen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laakso
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000097:blood*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced