title: Coronary venous angioplasty and stenting for biventricular pacemaker left ventricular lead implantation.
abstract: Biventricular pacing for the treatment of congestive heart failure is now one of the forefront therapies for symptomatic heart failure patients who are receiving maximal medical therapy. Recent advances in lead technology and delivery systems have improved the success rates of left ventricular (LV) lead implantation. A major difficulty in LV lead implantation, however, occurs in patients with coronary vein stenoses, insufficient coronary vein caliber, or significant variations in coronary venous anatomy, in terms of left ventricular lead implantation. We sought to examine whether cardiac vein angioplasty and/or stenting would allow for the proper placement of the LV lead in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Amgad N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Makaryus
authors.forename: Loukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boutis
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Goldner
authors.forename: Chong H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015607:Stents; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome