title: Recovery of function in skeletal muscle following 2 different contraction-induced injuries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if the proliferation of myogenic cells is equally important to recovery of contractile function after 2 different types of contraction-induced muscle injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Muscle biology laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tibialis anterior muscles were injured by a single lengthening contraction with large strain (1R) or multiple lengthening contractions with small strain (MR). The hindlimbs of some animals in each group were irradiated before injury to prevent proliferation of myogenic cells during recovery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Contractile tension was measured immediately after injury and 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after injury. Permeation to Evans blue dye was used to assay membrane damage. Centrally nucleated fibers and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of myoD and myogenin were used as measures of myogenesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inhibiting myogenesis prevented the recovery of contractile function after MR, but not after 1R. Both protocols caused Evans blue dye uptake immediately after injury, but Evans blue dye was only retained in fibers for several days after 1R. This suggests that membranes reseal after 1R, but not after MR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mechanisms that underlie recovery after injuries caused by repeated lengthening contractions and injuries caused by a single lengthening contraction are different. The differences may be important when planning targeted rehabilitation strategies for each type of injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. rlovering@som.umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lovering
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Roche
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bloch
authors.forename: Patrick G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: De Deyne
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005070:Evans Blue; D005720:Gamma Rays; D006614:Hindlimb; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D024510:Muscle Development; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D017570:MyoD Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D018008:Myogenin / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000528:radiation effects; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D017570:MyoD Protein; D018008:Myogenin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005070:Evans Blue