title: Phytochemical analysis and in vitro evaluation of the biological activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) of Cedrus libani A. Rich.
abstract: Cedrus libani are widely used as traditional medicine in Lebanon for treatment of different infection diseases. In the present study we reported the phytochemical composition analyzed by GC-MS of wood essential oil and cones and leaves ethanol extracts. The main components of wood essential oil were himachalol (22.50%), beta-himachalene (21.90%), and alpha-himachalene (10.50%). Leaves ethanol extract was characterized by a high content of germacrene d (29.40%). The same extract obtained from cones essentially contained alpha-pinene (51.0%) and beta-myrcene (13.0%). Moreover, we investigated extracts, essential oil, and identified compounds for their in vitro antiviral activities against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay in Vero cells. Cones and leaves ethanol extracts exhibited an interesting activity with IC50 of 0.50 and 0.66 mg/ml, respectively, at non-cytotoxic concentration. A comparable activity was found when essential oil was tested (IC50 of 0.44 mg/ml).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy. mr.loizzo@unical.it <mr.loizzo@unical.it>
authors.forename: Monica Rosa
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Loizzo
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saab
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tundis
authors.forename: Giancarlo A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Statti
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lampronti
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Menichini
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gambari
authors.forename: Jindrich
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cinatl
authors.forename: Hans Wilhelm
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Doerr
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D028203:Cedrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013729:Terpenes / Q000032:analysis; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014709:Vero Cells; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013729:Terpenes