title: Immunolocalization assessment of metastasis-associated protein 1 in human and mouse mature testes and its association with spermatogenesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the stage-specific localization of metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) during spermatogenesis in adult human and mouse testis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The immunolocalization of MTA1 was studied by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. The distribution pattern of MTA1 in mouse testis was confirmed by using quantitative analysis of purified spermatogenic cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The specificity of polyclonal antibody was confirmed by Western blot analysis. MTA1 was found expressed in the nucleus of germ cells, except elongate spermatids, and in the cytoplasm of Sertoli cells; Leydig cells did not show any specific reactivity. MTA1 possessed different distribution patterns in the two species: in humans, the most intensive staining was found in the nucleus of round spermatids and of primary spermatocytes while in mice, the most intense MTA1 staining was in the nucleus of leptotene, zygotene and pachytene spermatocytes. In both species the staining exhibited a cyclic pattern.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present communication initially provides new evidence for the potential role of MTA1 in mature testis. In addition, its distinctive expression in germ cells suggests a regulatory role of the peptide during spermatogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xin-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ruo-Jun
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yuan-Qiang
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D021461:Animals, Outbred Strains; D015153:Blotting, Western; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012741:Sexual Maturation / Q000502:physiology*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D013737:Testis / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C089320:MTA1 protein, human; C503336:Mta1 protein, mouse; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases