title: Relationship between XRCC1 polymorphisms and susceptibility to prostate cancer in men from Han, Southern China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association among XRCC1 polymorphisms, smoking, drinking and the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) in men from Han, Southern China.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a case-control study of 207 patients with PCa and 235 cancer-free controls, frequency-matched by age, we genotyped three XRCC1 polymorphisms (codons 194, 280 and 399) using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RELP) method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the three polymorphisms, we found that the XRCC1 Arg399Gln variant allele was associated with increased PCa risk (adjusted odd ratio [OR]: 1.67, 95% confident interval [CI]: 1.11-2.51), but the XRCC1 Arg194Trp variant allele had a 38% reduction in risk of PCa (adjusted OR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.41-0.93). However, there was no significant risk of PCa associated with Arg280His polymorphism. When we evaluated the three polymorphisms together, we found that the individuals with 194Arg/Arg wild-type genotype, Arg280His and Arg399Gln variant genotypes had a significantly higher risk of PCa (adjusted OR: 4.31; 95% CI: 1.24-14.99) than those with three wild-type genotypes. In addition, we found that Arg399Gln variant genotypes had a significant risk of PCa among heavy smokers (adjusted OR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.03-4.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that polymorphisms of XRCC1 appear to influence the risk of PCa and may modify risks attributable to environmental exposure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Li-Xin
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Li-Xin
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xin-Ru
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong-Fei
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D000368:Aged; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; C000619371:XRCC1 protein, human