title: Late in-hospital pressure gradient measurements improve prediction of long-term outcome of alcohol septal ablation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Left ventricular outflow gradient is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Alcohol septal ablation is the alternative to surgery in cases refractory to drug therapy. The implication of LVOG measured 1 week post-ASA for prediction of outcome is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To observe the pattern of LVOG course and prediction of long-term clinical and hemodynamic outcome of ASA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline clinical and echocardiographic parameters were prospectively recorded in 14 consecutive patients with a first ASA, at the time of ASA, 3 and 7 days after ASA (in-hospital), and 3 and > or = 12 months after ASA (last follow-up).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was improvement in NYHA class, exercise parameters and LVOG in 11 of 14 patients (P < 0.005 in all). Maximal creatine kinase level was lower than 500 U/L in those without such improvement and 850 U/L or higher in successful cases. LVOG dropped from 79 +/- 30 to 19 +/- 6 mmHg after the ASA. LVOG was 50 +/- 21 mmHg on day 3, 39 +/- 26 on day 7, 32 +/- 26 at 3 months and 24 +/- 20 mmHg at last follow-up. LVOG identified 27% sustained procedural successes on day 3 and 73% on day 7. The overall predictive accuracy of the test for sustained success and failure was 36% on day 3 and 71% on day 7. Combination of maximal CK and LVOG on day 7 showed four distinct outcome patterns: "early success" with low LVOG and high CK (73% of successful cases), "late success" with high LVOG and high CK, and "early failure" and "late failure" with both low CK and high or low LVOG, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LVOG measurement 7 days post-ASA combined with maximal CK levels predicts late procedural outcome in the majority of patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Bikur Cholim Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel. andrek@cc.huji.ac.il
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keren
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poteckin
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mazouz
authors.forename: Aharon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: Shmuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banai
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chenzbraun
authors.forename: Zahi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Khoury
authors.forename: Galina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D000431:Ethanol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006346:Heart Septum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*; D017725:Ventricular Pressure / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D000431:Ethanol