title: T cell-produced transforming growth factor-beta1 controls T cell tolerance and regulates Th1- and Th17-cell differentiation.
abstract: TGF-beta1 is a regulatory cytokine with a pleiotropic role in immune responses. TGF-beta1 is widely expressed in leukocytes and stromal cells. However, the functions of TGF-beta1 expressed by specific lineages of cells remain unknown in vivo. Here, we show that mice with a T cell-specific deletion of the Tgfb1 gene developed lethal immunopathology in multiple organs, and this development was associated with enhanced T cell proliferation, activation, and CD4+ T cell differentiation into T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cells. TGF-beta1 produced by Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells was required to inhibit Th1-cell differentiation and inflammatory-bowel disease in a transfer model. In addition, T cell-produced TGF-beta1 promoted Th17-cell differentiation and was indispensable for the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. These findings reveal essential roles for T cell-produced TGF-beta1 in controlling differentiation of T helper cells and controlling inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Ming O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yisong Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Flavell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003092:Colitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006706:Homeostasis; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C498833:Foxp3 protein, mouse; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1