title: Dietary fatty acids and colorectal cancer: a case-control study.
abstract: Fatty acid effects on colorectal cancer risk were examined in a national prospective case-control study in Scotland (1999-2006), including 1,455 incident cases and 1,455 matched controls. Three conditional logistic regression models adjusted for energy (residual method) and for other risk factors were applied in the whole sample and were stratified by sex, cancer site, age, and tumor staging. Total and trans-monounsaturated fatty acids and palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids were dose-dependently associated with colorectal cancer risk, but these effects did not persist after further energy adjustment. Significant dose-dependent reductions in risk were associated with increased consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (highest vs. lowest quartile of intake: odds ratio = 0.63, 95% confidence interval: 0.50, 0.80; p < 0.0005 for trend) and of eicosapentaenoic (odds ratio = 0.59, 95% confidence interval: 0.47, 0.75; p < 0.0005 for trend) and docosahexaenoic (odds ratio = 0.63, 95% confidence interval: 0.50, 0.80; p < 0.0005 for trend) acids. These associations persisted after including energy with the nutrient-energy-adjusted term or total fatty acid intake (energy adjusted). The observed different effects of different types of fatty acids underline the importance of type of fat in the etiology and prevention of colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Public Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Evropi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Theodoratou
authors.forename: Geraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McNeill
authors.forename: Roseanne
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cetnarskyj
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Farrington
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tenesa
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barnetson
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Porteous
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dunlop
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000145:classification; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012606:Scotland
chemical_list: D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated