title: Penis carcinoma : The point of view of Alexis Boyer (1757-1833), eminent surgeon and anatomist.
abstract: Alexis Boyer, professor of clinical surgery at "La Charité", first surgeon of Napoleon 1st, baron of the empire, left a considerable number of written works covering the whole of external pathology. A large portion of his work deals with cancerous diseases. By studying the chapter of penis carcinoma one can appreciate the astonishing depth of Boyer's knowledge on this matter, a knowledge which constitutes the seed of oncology.
authors.affiliation: Institute of History of Medicine, University Claude Bernard, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Androutsos