title: Cytokine profile of human adipose-derived stem cells: expression of angiogenic, hematopoietic, and pro-inflammatory factors.
abstract: Adipose tissue serves as a source of adipokines and cytokines with both local and systemic actions in health and disease. In this study, we examine the hypothesis that multipotent human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), capable of differentiating along the adipocyte, chondrocyte, and osteoblast pathways, contribute to adipose tissue-derived cytokine secretion. Following exposure to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) or epidermal growth factor (EGF), the ASCs significantly increase their secretion of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a cytokine implicated in hematopoiesis, vasculogenesis, and mammary epithelial duct formation. Ascorbic acid synergizes with these inductive factors, further increasing HGF levels. Following exposure to lipopolysaccharide, ASCs increase their secretion of both hematopoietic (granulocyte/monocyte, granulocyte, and macrophage colony stimulating factors, interleukin 7) and proinflammatory (interleukins 6, 8, and 11, tumor necrosis factor alpha) cytokines based on ELISA and RT-PCR. In co-cultures established with umbilical cord blood-derived CD34(+) cells, the ASCs support long-term hematopoiesis in vitro. Furthermore, in short-term 12-day co-cultures, the ASC maintain and expand the numbers of both myeloid and lymphoid progenitors. These observations are consistent with the functionality of the secreted cytokines and confirm recent reports by other laboratories concerning the hematopoietic supportive capability of ASCs. We conclude that the ASCs display cytokine secretory properties similar to those reported for bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
authors.forename: Gail E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Kilroy
authors.forename: Sandra J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: Xiying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Sonya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sherwood
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heifetz
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ludlow
authors.forename: Dawn M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Stricker
authors.forename: Suma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Potiny
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Yuan-Di C
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Halvorsen
authors.forename: Bentley
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cheatham
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Storms
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gimble
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D042501:Angiogenic Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D017370:Interleukin-11 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D015851:Interleukin-7 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019899:Paracrine Communication; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D042501:Angiogenic Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; C066855:HGF protein, human; C508611:IL11 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; C508605:IL7 protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D017370:Interleukin-11; D015850:Interleukin-6; D015851:Interleukin-7; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C440499:lipopolysaccharide, Escherichia coli O111 B4; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; C011669:ascorbate-2-phosphate; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D001205:Ascorbic Acid