Regulation of TLR4 signaling and the host interface with pathogens and danger: the role of RP105.
As all immune responses have potential for damaging the host, tight regulation of such responses--in amplitude, space, time and character--is essential for maintaining health and homeostasis. It was thus inevitable that the initial wave of papers on the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs) and RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) in activating innate and adaptive immune responses would be followed by a second wave of reports focusing on the mechanisms responsible for restraining and modulating signaling by these receptors. This overview outlines current knowledge and controversies about the immunobiology of the RP105/MD-1 complex, a modulator of the most robustly signaling TLR, TLR4.
Divanovic
Senad
S
Division of Molecular Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.
Trompette
Aurelien
A
Petiniot
Lisa K
LK
Allen
Jessica L
JL
Flick
Leah M
LM
Belkaid
Yasmine
Y
Madan
Rajat
R
Haky
Jennifer J
JJ
Karp
Christopher L
CL
D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
D015703:Antigens, CD; C092722:CD180 protein, human; C490500:Ly78 protein, mouse; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; C493487:Tlr4 protein, mouse; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4