title: Sex differences in the relation of HDL cholesterol to progression of carotid intima-media thickness: the Los Angeles Atherosclerosis Study.
abstract: Epidemiologic studies have revealed that the protective association of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) with CHD is stronger in older men and younger women. We aimed to investigate sex differences in the relation of HDL-C to progression of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) (an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis) in middle age. IMT progression and serum HDL-C were determined for a cohort of 500 women and men aged 40-60 years over three examinations (1.5-year intervals). IMT at baseline was inversely associated with serum levels of HDL-C and the associations were comparable in women and men. However, in multivariate longitudinal growth models adjusting for potential confounders, IMT progression was inversely associated with serum levels of HDL-C in men, but directly associated in women (p=0.0007 for interaction). Our results suggest that although HDL-C was protective against progression of carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged men, anti-atherogenic effects of HDL may diminish in women around the age of menopause.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Alhambra, CA, United States. amyfan2007@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Amy Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Dwyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000473:pathology*; D002140:California; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology*; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL