title: Genetic variation in life-history reaction norms in a marine fish.
abstract: Neither the scale of adaptive variation nor the genetic basis for differential population responses to the environment is known for broadcast-spawning marine fishes. Using a common-garden experimental protocol, we document how larval growth, survival and their norms of reaction differ genetically among four populations of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). These traits, and their plastic responses to food and temperature, differed across spatial scales at which microsatellite DNA failed to detect population structure. Divergent survival reaction norms indicate that warm-water populations are more sensitive to changes in food, whereas cold-water populations are more sensitive to changes in temperature. Our results suggest that neither the direction nor the magnitude of demographic responses to environmental change need be the same among populations. Adaptive phenotypic plasticity, previously undocumented in marine fishes, can significantly influence the probability of recovery and persistence of collapsed populations by affecting their ability to respond to natural and anthropogenic environmental change.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4J1, Canada. jeff.hutchings@dal.ca
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hutchings
authors.forename: Douglas P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Swain
authors.forename: Sherrylynn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Eddington
authors.forename: Velmurugu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Puvanendran
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization / Q000235:genetics*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D004777:Environment; D048389:Gadus morhua / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D007814:Larva / Q000254:growth & development; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D011157:Population Dynamics; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013696:Temperature