title: [Interleukin 12 as an anti-angiogenic mediator in type 1 diabetic children].
abstract: The objective of the study was to analyse levels IL-12 and to relate the findings to the clinical course of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1).
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined a group of 102 children with DM1 and 39 healthy children (as the control). All the children with DM1 had their daily urine albumin excretion, HbA1c, C-peptide measured, 24hrs blood pressure monitoring and ophthalmologic examination. In accordance to the ophthalmologic examination and level IL-12 in the serum the diabetic children were divided into 3 groups: group A: IL-12>0 pg/ml; group B: IL-12=0 pg/ml; group C: IL-12=0 pg/ml and IL12>0 pg/ml. Serum levels of IL-12 and TNFalpha were measured by the immunoenzymatic ELISA method, Quan-tikine High Sensitivity Human by R&D Systems (USA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children of group A were characterized by significantly high level of IL-12 and by the absence of TNFalpha as compared with the children of group B, who had undetectable IL-12 along with high TNFalpha level. Additionally, children of group A had significantly lower urine albumin excretion and had only developed retinopathy. However, the children of group B not only had retinopathy, nephropathy but also arterial hypertension. The patients of group A were also analysed against the children of group C, who were characterized by high IL-12 level and some of them had also detectable TNFalpha, but without retinopathy and nephropathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study imply the existence of balance between IL-12 and TNFalpha in type 1 DM children, which seems to warrant the stage of disease without diabetic complications. However, the IL-12 domination tends to prevent or delay nephropathy development but does not protect from retinopathy.
authors.affiliation: Zakład Immunologii AM w Gdańsku. kzorena@amg.gda.pl
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zorena
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Myśliwska
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Myśliwiec
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balcerska
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lipowski
authors.forename: Krystyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Raczyńska
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000652:urine; D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000097:blood; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000652:urine; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000097:blood; D012016:Reference Values; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D015415:Biomarkers; D002096:C-Peptide; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D018664:Interleukin-12; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha