title: Breast cancer beliefs and mammography screening practices among Chinese American immigrants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore knowledge and beliefs (perceived risk factors, susceptibility, benefits, common barriers, and cultural barriers) in relation to mammography screening practices among Chinese American women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive study guided by the Health Belief Model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Metropolitan area in the northwestern United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred Chinese immigrant women, 40 years or older.
  
  
  METHODS
  The percentage of Chinese American women ages 40 and older who ever received a mammogram and who received a mammogram within the past year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although 86% of the respondents reported that they had once had a mammogram, only 48.5% had a mammogram within the past year. The strongest factor associated with having a mammogram within the past year was having an immediate family member diagnosed with breast cancer, followed by having insurance that covered a mammogram and lower perceived barriers to obtaining a mammogram. Respondents had low knowledge of breast cancer and mammography screening guidelines. They also perceived low susceptibility to breast cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nurses may influence the mammogram rates among Chinese American women by providing health education to family members of patients with breast cancer, reducing perceived barriers to mammogram, and seeking alternative payment mechanisms for patients who do not have insurance coverage for mammogram.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. leelinf@ohsu.edu
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lee-Lin
authors.forename: Usha
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Menon
authors.forename: Marjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pett
authors.forename: Lillian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nail
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kathi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mooney
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001213:Asian / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D003144:Communication Barriers; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015205:Northwestern United States; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000208:ethnology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016387:Women's Health