title: Early surgical outcomes in 5-year-old patients with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the surgical outcome of 5-year-old subjects with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate who had been operated on by a single surgeon.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective consecutive outcome study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cleft lip and palate center at Frenchay Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, U.K.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients born with unilateral cleft lip and palate between May 1992 and April 1998 were identified and their study models were located.
  
  
  METHODS
  The reasons for failing to obtain study models were recorded. The "test" study models were combined randomly with a "gold standard" set of study models to give a group of 53 for assessment purposes. These study models were assessed twice by two examiners independently using the 5-Year-Olds' Index. The weighted kappa (kappa) statistic and components of variance were used to establish the levels of agreement within and between examiners, as well as between the gold standard and the examiners.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty sets of study models out of a possible 43 were located. The most common reason for not obtaining records was poor cooperation. More than 50% of study models were assessed as being good outcomes (Index groups 1 and 2), whereas fewer than 20% of the records were evaluated as being poor outcomes (Index groups 4 and 5). There was good inter- and intraexaminer agreement and agreement with the gold standard values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Study model collection in this age group can be difficult due to patient cooperation.
authors.affiliation: Queens Medical Centre, University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Atack
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ewings
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Hathorn
authors.forename: N S G
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Mercer
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008485:Medical Audit; D003765:Models, Dental; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome