title: Effect of eye-blinks on a self-paced brain interface design.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the performance of an EEG-based self-paced brain interface when data contaminated with eye-blink artefacts are included in the evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two different designs of a self-paced brain interface (the low frequency-asynchronous switch design, LF-ASD) are evaluated and compared using offline data from eight subjects. The true positive rates of the two designs are compared for three cases: (a) data containing eye-blink artefacts are excluded from the input; (b) all data, including eye-blinks, are included as input but the output decisions are inactivated during eye-blink artefacts; (c) all the data, including eye-blinks, are included as input and the output decisions are reported in all times including during eye-blink artefacts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The true positive rates of one design of the LF-ASD (LF-ASD-V5) for case (c) and of another design (LF-ASD-V4) for case (b) are 40.5% and 42.4%, respectively, for false positive rates of 1%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The true positive rates of LF-ASD-V5 when eye-blinks are included in the analysis deteriorate slightly compared to when the output during eye-blink artefacts is inactivated in LF-ASD-V4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LF-ASD-V5 allows the device to be functional at all times and can handle artefacts better than LF-ASD-V4. If a slight decrease in true positive rates is acceptable, no further devices are needed to record the electro-oculogram (EOG) for detecting eye-blinks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2332 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada. alibs@ece.ubc.ca
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bashashati
authors.forename: Borna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nouredin
authors.forename: Rabab K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: Gary E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Birch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016477:Artifacts; D001767:Blinking / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004585:Electrooculography; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D012372:ROC Curve; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology