title: Long-term efficacy and tolerance of tacrolimus for the treatment of uveitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the long-term efficacy and tolerance of tacrolimus for the treatment of uveitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two consecutive patients with noninfectious uveitis treated with tacrolimus at a single academic referral center between April 2000 and April 2004.
  
  
  METHODS
  A standard data set was obtained from patients' medical records and analyzed according to the recommendations of the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature Working Group.
  
  
  METHODS
  (1) Rate of tapering oral prednisone to 10 mg daily, (2) requirement for alternative second-line immunosuppressive therapy, and (3) rate of tacrolimus dose reduction or discontinuation due to side effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this cohort with well-established ocular inflammation, patients successfully tapered their oral prednisone to 10 mg daily at an average rate of 1.62 per patient-year (PY), with an 85% probability of achieving < or =10 mg after 1 year 2 months of treatment. Tacrolimus was discontinued due to intolerance at a rate of 0.13/PY. This was predominantly due to noncardiovascular adverse events, and rates of introducing or increasing concomitant treatment for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus were all below 0.05/PY. Creatinine rises of > or =30% were also notably uncommon (0.05/PY).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tacrolimus's efficacy for the treatment of uveitis is maintained long-term, and its cardiovascular risk profile is excellent.
authors.affiliation: Bristol Eye Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Aideen C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hogan
authors.forename: Clara E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: McAvoy
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Dick
authors.forename: Richard W J
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014605:Uveitis / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D001379:Azathioprine; D011241:Prednisone; D016559:Tacrolimus