title: Lack of effect of gastric acid-reducing agents on the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected patients.
abstract: Recent studies have shown that coadministration of certain protease inhibitors (PIs) with gastric acid-reducing agents results in decreased plasma concentrations of the PI. To assess the effect of acid-reducing agents on lopinavir/ritonavir, data from two clinical trials (n = 38 and 190) were pooled. Both trials randomized antiretroviral-naïve, HIV-infected patients to receive lopinavir/ritonavir 400/100 mg twice-daily or 800/200 mg once-daily in combination with stavudine and lamivudine, or tenofovir and emtricitabine. Concurrent administration of gastric acid-reducing agents including antacids of various brand names, proton pump inhibitors (omeprazole, esomeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole), and H(2)-receptor antagonists (ranitidine, famotidine, cimetidine, and nizatidine) was reported in both trials. Lopinavir and ritonavir pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated. Thirty subjects were considered users of acid-reducing agents at the times of pharmacokinetic evaluation. HIV-infected patients who received gastric acid-reducing agents during administration of lopinavir/ritonavir-based treatment regimens did not appear to have a reduction in lopinavir or ritonavir exposures.
authors.affiliation: Abbott, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-6124, USA. Yi-Lin.Chiu@abbott.com
authors.forename: Yi-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Cheri E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Woodward
authors.forename: Kathryn R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Naylor
authors.forename: Walid
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Awni
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000863:Antacids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D061466:Lopinavir; D008297:Male; D011744:Pyrimidinones / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000863:Antacids; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D011744:Pyrimidinones; D061466:Lopinavir; D019438:Ritonavir