title: Two consecutive dural arteriovenous fistulae in a child: a case report of successful treatment with gamma knife radiosurgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The occurrence of dural arteriovenous fistulae in children is quite rare. Endovascular embolization is typically the first line treatment. In general, Gamma Knife radiosurgery is used as adjuvant treatment and seldom performed as the first line treatment in children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report a case of a 27-month-old girl who presented with an initial dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) located at anterior base of the left middle cranial fossa. She subsequently developed another dural AVF over the left transverse-sigmoid sinus region 2 years later.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both fistulae were successfully obliterated with Gamma Knife radiosurgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 160 Taichung-Kang Road Sec. 3, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hung-Chuan
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sheehan
authors.forename: Chuan-Fu
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Dar-Yu
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D035301:Cranial Fossa, Middle / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D016634:Radiosurgery; D012008:Recurrence; D054064:Transverse Sinuses / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery