title: Sentinel node biopsy with intraoperative diagnosis in patients undergoing skin-sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  False negative cases in the intraoperative assessment of sentinel node (SN) metastases in breast cancer prompt for a secondary axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Such ALND is technically demanding and prone to complications in patients with immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) if there is a microvascular anastomosis or the thoracodorsal pedicle of a latissimus dorsi flap in the axilla. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of the intraoperative diagnosis of sentinel node biopsy (SNB) in breast cancer patients undergoing IBR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two consecutive breast cancer patients undergoing SNB with the intraoperative diagnosis of SN metastases simultaneously with mastectomy and IBR between 2004 and 2006 were included in this study. Results of the SNB and especially the false negative cases in the intraoperative diagnosis were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven patients had tumor positive SN. Nine of these cases were detected intraoperatively. The two false negative cases in the intraoperative diagnosis constituted of isolated tumor cells only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our present study suggests that SNB with intraoperative diagnosis of SN metastases is feasible in patients undergoing IBR if the risk of nodal metastasis is low and the sensitivity of intraoperative SNB diagnosis is high.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery of Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. tuomo.meretoja@utu.fi
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Meretoja
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Jahkola
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Toivonen
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Krogerus
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Heikkilä
authors.forename: K A J
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: von Smitten
authors.forename: M H K
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Leidenius
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001365:Axilla; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D016462:Mammaplasty; D008408:Mastectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy