title: Does the intraocular pressure effect on optic disc cupping differ by age?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether age influences optic disc cupping in addition to the effects of intraocular pressure (IOP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based study (N = 4,926 at baseline). All measures including fundus photography were done according to standard protocols. Stereoscopic images of the optic disc were graded in masked fashion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cup-to-disc ratios (C/D) were directly related to IOP at baseline. Age of 75 years or older was associated with increase in cupping at a given level of IOP, but the age association was attenuated when including refraction in multivariable models. Change in C/D between baseline and 15-year follow-up was also influenced by age such that those 75 years of age or older were at increased risk of cupping. When refraction was included in this model, age was still significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  People who are at least 75 years of age are at greater risk of developing optic disc cupping, which is associated with greater IOP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
authors.forename: Barbara E K
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Kristine E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Carol J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hoyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000473:pathology*; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular