title: Functional neural networks underlying response inhibition in adolescents and adults.
abstract: This study provides the first description of neural network dynamics associated with response inhibition in healthy adolescents and adults. Functional and effective connectivity analyses of whole brain hemodynamic activity elicited during performance of a Go/No-Go task were used to identify functionally integrated neural networks and characterize their causal interactions. Three response inhibition circuits formed a hierarchical, inter-dependent system wherein thalamic modulation of input to premotor cortex by fronto-striatal regions led to response suppression. Adolescents differed from adults in the degree of network engagement, regional fronto-striatal-thalamic connectivity, and network dynamics. We identify and characterize several age-related differences in the function of neural circuits that are associated with behavioral performance changes across adolescent development.
authors.affiliation: Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford, CT 06106, United States.msteven@harthosp.org
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Kent A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kiehl
authors.forename: Godfrey D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Pearlson
authors.forename: Vince D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Calhoun
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen