title: Identification of siderophores of Pseudomonas stutzeri.
abstract: We have identified two types of siderophores produced by Pseudomonas, one of which has never before been found in the genus. Twelve strains of Pseudomonas stutzeri belonging to genomovars 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 9 produced proferrioxamines, the hydroxamate-type siderophores. Pseudomonas stutzeri JM 300 (genomovar 7) and DSM 50238 (genomovar 8) and Pseudomonas balearica DSM 6082 produced amonabactins, catecholate-type siderophores. The major proferrioxamines detected were the cyclic proferrioxamines E and D2. Pseudomonas stutzeri KC also produced cyclic (X1 and X2) and linear (G1 and G2a-c) proferrioxamines. Our data indicate that the catecholate-type siderophores belong to amonabactins P 750, P 693, T 789, and T 732. A mutant of P. stutzeri KC (strain CTN1) that no longer produced the secondary siderophore pyridine-2,6-dithiocarboxylic acid continued to produce all other siderophores in its normal spectrum. Siderophore profiles suggest that strain KC (genomovar 9) belongs to the proferrioxamine-producing P. stuzeri. Moreover, a putative ferrioxamine outer membrane receptor gene foxA was identified in strain KC, and colony hybridization showed the presence of homologous receptor genes in all P. stutzeri and P. balearica strains tested.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Biotechnology Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-1052, USA.
authors.forename: Anna M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Zawadzka
authors.forename: Frederik P J
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Vandecasteele
authors.forename: Ronald L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: Andrzej J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Paszczynski
mesh_terms: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003676:Deferoxamine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D044223:Pseudomonas stutzeri / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017262:Siderophores / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D009842:Oligopeptides; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017262:Siderophores; C072460:foxR protein, bacteria; C002577:ferrioxamine B; D003676:Deferoxamine