title: Effects of some endocrine disruptors on the proliferation and viability of human endometrial endothelial cells in vitro.
abstract: Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) pose a potential threat to human reproductive health. We studied the proliferation and viability of human endometrial endothelial cells (HEECs) in vitro after exposure to 2,2-bis(o,p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (o,p'-DDT), 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB 77), 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (CB 126), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), bisphenol A (BPA), 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and 17beta-oestradiol, progesterone, 17alpha-ethynyl oestradiol and levonorgestrel. Cell proliferation was studied using immunocytochemistry for PCNA expression and a 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine assay. Cell viability was studied by vital staining with propidium iodide and Hoechst 33258. HEECs in primary culture responded with increased proliferation to oestradiol and with decreased proliferation to levonorgestrel and the EDCs. Some EDCs also affected cell viability and increased the proportion of necrotic cells. However, the decrease in proliferation in response to DBP and TCDD cannot be explained by cell death. In light of these results, it is possible that the EDCs could have effects in vivo as well as in vitro, and influence processes involving for example endometrial angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bredhult
authors.forename: Britt-Marie
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Bäcklin
authors.forename: Matts
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olovsson
mesh_terms: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003634:DDT / Q000633:toxicity; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000098:blood supply*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism; D004967:Estrogens; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016912:Levonorgestrel / Q000633:toxicity; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000633:toxicity; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000633:toxicity; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D011372:Progestins / Q000633:toxicity; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon / Q000378:metabolism; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D003634:DDT; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004958:Estradiol; D004967:Estrogens; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D016912:Levonorgestrel; D010636:Phenols; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011374:Progesterone; D011372:Progestins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; C111235:AHR protein, human; C016340:o,p'-DDT; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds; C023035:3,4,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl; C028451:3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl