Severity of meningococcal infections is related to anthropometrical parameters.
BACKGROUND
Invasive meningococcal infections remain an important cause of death in children. In addition, malnutrition has been classically associated with increased severity of infectious diseases. However, in our experience lethal meningococcaemia in clinically malnourished children is extremely rare. Our purpose was to determine whether there is an association between nutritional status and outcome in children with invasive meningococcal infection.


METHODS
We carried out an observational study and prospectively determined anthropometrical parameters in 127 children aged 1 month to 4 years with invasive meningococcal infection seen in our inpatient facilities from August 1999 to May 2004. Severity and survival were the clinical end points analysed.


RESULTS
Children with severe disease had higher weight for age (1.02 vs -0.19) and height for age (1.12 vs -0.58) z scores than those with non-severe disease. Non-survivors had higher weight for age (0.90 vs -0.16) and height for age (0.73 vs -0.57) z scores than survivors. Clinical and biological variables usually accepted as predictors of high mortality or severity in patients with meningococcal infection were not significantly associated with weight for age and height for age z scores.


CONCLUSIONS
In the present prospective series of children with invasive meningococcal disease, severity and death were linked to anthropometrical parameters and seemed to be associated with a very good nutritional status, which confirmed our previous uncontrolled observations.
Perez
N
N
Immunology Unit, Hospital de Niños Sor María Ludovica and Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas, La Plata, Argentina. disaper@netverk.com.ar
Regairaz
L
L
Bustamante
J
J
Osimani
N
N
Bergna
D
D
Morales
J
J
Agosti
M R
MR
Gonzalez-Ayala
S
S
Peltzer
C
C
Rodrigo
A
A
D017677:Age Distribution; D001118:Argentina / Q000453:epidemiology; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000401:mortality*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007228:Infant Nutrition Disorders / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008589:Meningococcal Infections / Q000401:mortality*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012923:Social Class