title: Increased nitrogen-use efficiency of a short-rotation poplar plantation in elevated CO(2) concentration.
abstract: We estimated nitrogen (N) use by trees of three poplar species exposed for 3 years to free air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) and determined whether the CO(2) treatment affected the future N availability of the plantation. Trees were harvested at the end of the first 3-year rotation and N concentration and content of woody tissues determined. Nitrogen uptake of fine roots and litter was measured throughout the first crop rotation. The results were related to previously published variations in soil N content during the same period. We estimated retranslocation from green leaves and processes determining N mobilization and immobilization, such as mineralization and nitrification, and N immobilization in litter and microbial biomass. In all species, elevated CO(2) concentration ([CO(2)]) significantly increased nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE; net primary productivity per unit of annual N uptake), decreased N concentration in most plant tissues, but did not significantly change cumulative N uptake by trees over the rotation. Total soil N was depleted more in elevated [CO(2)] than in ambient [CO(2)], although not significantly for all soil layers. The effect of elevated [CO(2)] was usually similar for all species, although differences among species were sometimes significant. During the first 3-year rotation, productivity of the plantation remained high in the elevated [CO(2)] treatment. However, we observed a potential reduction in N availability in response to elevated [CO(2)].
authors.affiliation: University of Tuscia, Department of Forest Environment and Resources (DISAFRI), Via S. Camillo De Lellis, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. carlocaf@unitus.it
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Calfapietra
authors.forename: Paolo de
authors.initials: Pd
authors.lastname: Angelis
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gielen
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lukac
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Moscatelli
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Avino
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lagomarsino
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polle
authors.forename: Reinhart
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ceulemans
authors.forename: Giuseppe Scarascia
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Mugnozza
authors.forename: Marcel R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hoosbeek
authors.forename: Maria Francesca
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Cotrufo
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D017753:Ecosystem; D007558:Italy; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D032107:Populus / Q000378:metabolism*; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009584:Nitrogen