title: Patient-provider and patient-staff racial concordance and perceptions of mistreatment in the health care setting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine what roles patient-provider and patient-staff racial concordance play on patients' perceptions within the health care setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the Commonwealth Fund 2001 Quality of Care telephone survey. Analysis focused on the subsample of 6,066 adults who live in the continental United States and who reported having a regular provider or a usual source of care (n = 4,762).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analyzed patients' responses about perceptions of disrespect, unfair treatment because of race and language, and the belief that he/she would have received better treatment if he/she belonged to a different race. We compared these perceptions of mistreatment with provider and staff racial concordance, controlling for sociodemographic variables. Contrary to our hypothesis, Hispanics were more likely to report being treated with disrespect if in a concordant relationship with their provider than if in a nonconcordant one (odds ratio [OR] 2.42, P < .01). Asians were less likely to report being treated unfairly because of race if in racially concordant relationships with providers than if in nonconcordant ones (P < .05). Hispanics were also less likely to perceive unfair treatment because of language when in concordant relationships with staff as compared to nonconcordant relationships with staff (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients' perceptions of health care relationships may partially depend on racial concordance with providers and staff. The nature of the association between racial concordance and perceived disrespect varies by racial group, indicating that other race-specific factors may also need to be examined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University Medical School, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA. jblanchard@mfa.gwu.edu
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blanchard
authors.forename: Shakti
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nayar
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lurie
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D001213:Asian / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011287:Prejudice; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012938:Social Perception; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors