title: Modulation of rat intestinal nuclear factor NF-kappaB by gum arabic.
abstract: The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that in an animal model of cathartic-induce intestinal dysfunction the proabsorptive effects of gum arabic (GA) could be associated with modulation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and with reduction of the inflammatory response caused by cathartics, as evidenced by intestinal mucosa cytokine production and gene expression. Juvenile male rats were given a phenolphthalein-magnesium citrate solution for 6 days, by itself or supplemented with either 10 or 20 g L(-1) GA, as a sole source of fluid. The controls given were tap water alone or with added 20 g L(-1) GA. The animals were euthanized and small-intestinal mucosa nuclear fractions and RNA were isolated. NF-kappaB p65 activity was highest after administration of cathartics, lowest in controls, and intermediate in GA-treated rats. Mucosal IL-1beta was overexpressed in tissues from cathartic-treated rats and from rats given high-GA solutions. Gene-array analysis revealed a complex pattern of gene regulation by cathartics which selectively upregulated several subfamilies of cytochrome P-450 family 2 genes. Co-administration of GA did not block this effect. These findings suggest that local anti-inflammatory effects on the small intestine could be obtained by administration of a nonabsorbable proteoglycan such as GA.
authors.affiliation: The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA. rwapnir@nshs.edu
authors.forename: Raul A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Wapnir
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sherry
authors.forename: Champa N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Codipilly
authors.forename: Leslie O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Goodwin
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vancurova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002400:Cathartics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D004751:Enteritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006170:Gum Arabic / Q000633:toxicity; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002400:Cathartics; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D006170:Gum Arabic