title: Relationship between Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and nephropathy in type-2 diabetic patients.
abstract: Twenty to forty percent of type-2 diabetic patients (DM2) present nephropathy. Genetic polymorphism of Apolipoprotein E (Apo E) has been proposed as a risk factor in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationship between Apo E polymorphism and presence of nephropathy in DM2 patients. We studied 85 DM2 patients with a similar nutritional state, environmental and socioeconomic condition and more than 10 years of evolution. They were grouped in DM2 patients with kidney complications (n=56) and without kidney complications (n=29; control group). Apo E genotype was determined by restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis. A plasmatic biochemical characterization was performed on all the subjects studied. The 85 DM2 patients had arterial hypertension in treatment. The nephropathy diabetic group showed differences (p<0.001) in BMI, systolic blood pressure, glycemia, cholesterol (total, HDL and LDL), HbA1c and creatinine. The e4 allelic frequency was 8% in the nephropathy group versus 25.9% in the control group. Apo e3 allele and E3/3 genotype frequency were higher and E3/4 genotype was lower in the nephropathy group than in controls. These groups also showed differences in total, HDL and LDL cholesterol. DM2 patients without nephropathy presented a higher frequency of e4 allele. These results could suggest a protective role of e4 allele in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile. eleivam@utalca.cl
authors.forename: Elba
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leiva
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mujica
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Elematore
authors.forename: Roxana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Orrego
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arredondo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL