title: The effects of a high-fruit and -vegetable, high-fiber, low-fat dietary intervention on serum concentrations of insulin, glucose, IGF-I and IGFBP-3.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of dietary change on serum concentrations of insulin, glucose, IGF-I and IGFBP-3.
  
  
  METHODS
  From among participants in a randomized clinical trial of men and women without a history of diabetes who were 35 years old or older and who had at least one histologically confirmed colorectal adenoma removed during a qualifying colonoscopy within the 6 months before randomization, 750 subjects were selected for this analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors analyzed fasting serum from 375 subjects with and 375 subjects without a recurrent polyp among participants in a randomized trial of a low-fat (20% of energy), high-fiber (18 g per 1000 kcals of energy intake) and high-fruit and -vegetable (5-8 servings per day) dietary intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 4 years of follow-up, IGF-I concentration in the intervention group (N=248) declined by 8.86 ng/ml (initial mean of 133 ng/ml) and 7.74 ng/ml (initial mean value of 139 ng/ml) in the non-intervention group (N=502). Based on an unpaired t-test, these declines were both statistically significant, but the difference between groups for the decline in IGF-I (1.12 ng/ml ((95% confidence interval, -3.24 to 5.48)) was not. After 4 years, concentrations of IGFBP-3, insulin and glucose were not statistically different from values at baseline, and there were no differences in these serum measures between the intervention and control groups. In analysis restricted to lean (body mass index <25 kg/m(2)) subjects only, however, glucose concentrations in the intervention group decreased by 0.28 mmol/l, while they increased in the control group by 0.01 mmol/l (t-test for mean differences P=0.0003) over 4 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A low-fat, high-fiber, high-fruit and -vegetable dietary intervention had minimal impact on serum concentrations of insulin, glucose, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 overall, but in lean subjects the intervention resulted in a significant reduction in serum glucose concentration.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. flood@epi.umn.edu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flood
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mai
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pfeiffer
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kahle
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Remaley
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lanza
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schatzkin
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000097:blood*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D014675:Vegetables
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D007328:Insulin; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I