title: Vaticanol B, a resveratrol tetramer, regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation.
abstract: Enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in various pathological situations including inflammation. During a search for compounds that regulate ER stress, we identified vaticanol B, a tetramer of resveratrol, as an agent that protects against ER stress-induced cell death. Vaticanol B suppressed the induction of unfolded protein response-targeted genes such as glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) after cells were treated with ER stressors. Analysis in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 revealed that vaticanol B also possesses a strong anti-inflammatory activity. Production of a variety of inflammatory modulators such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nitric oxide, and prostaglandin E(2) was inhibited by vaticanol B to a much greater extent than by monomeric or dimeric resveratrol after exposure of cells to lipopolysaccharide. Further investigations to determine the common mechanisms underlying the regulation of ER stress and inflammation by vaticanol B disclosed an important role for vaticanol B in regulation of basic gene expression and in prevention of the protein leakage from the ER into the cytosol in both conditions. These results suggest that vaticanol B is a novel anti-inflammatory agent that improves the ER environment by reducing the protein load on the ER and by maintaining the membrane integrity of the ER.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Neuroanatomy, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tabata
authors.forename: Katsura
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Munekazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iinuma
authors.forename: Tanihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.forename: Hikari
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitao
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hori
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019284:Thapsigargin / Q000494:pharmacology; D051742:Transcription Factor CHOP / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014415:Tunicamycin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001572:Benzofurans; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C000717248:Hspa5 protein, mouse; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D010636:Phenols; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C522219:Vaticanol B; D014415:Tunicamycin; D051742:Transcription Factor CHOP; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019284:Thapsigargin; D015232:Dinoprostone