title: Biocidal activity of three wood essential oils against Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae), Xenopsylla cheopis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae), and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).
abstract: The biocidal activity of three steam distilled wood essential oils-incense cedar, Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin; Port-Orford-cedar, Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl.; and western juniper, Juniperus occidentalis (Hook)--were evaluated against adult Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) and Xenopsylla cheopis (Rothchild) (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) and nymphal Ixodes scapularis Say (Acari: Ixodidae). In vitro laboratory bioassays were conducted to establish baseline dose-mortality data through 24 h. Incense cedar heartwood was the most toxic to all three vector species followed in order of activity by western juniper and Port-Orford-cedar based on LC50 and LC90 values. Ae. aegypti were substantially more susceptible to the oils than either I. scapularis or X. cheopis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, P.O. Box 2087, Fort Collins, CO 80522, USA. mcd4@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Marc C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Dolan
authors.forename: Gabrielle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dietrich
authors.forename: Nicholas A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Panella
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Montenieri
authors.forename: Joseph J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Karchesy
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D029779:Cupressaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D007300:Insect Control; D018884:Ixodes / Q000187:drug effects*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D005423:Siphonaptera / Q000187:drug effects*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; C042023:cedarwood oil