title: The effects of several common anthropogenic contaminants on proliferation of the parasitic oyster pathogen Perkinsus marinus.
abstract: Estuarine contaminants have varying effects on estuarine inhabitants and host-parasite interactions. Some field collected contaminant mixtures have been shown to increase oyster susceptibility to parasitism by Perkinsus marinus, but little is known about contaminant effects on the parasite itself. This study examined the effects of ammonium, nitrate, phosphate, fluoranthene, phenanthrene and a common herbicide mixture (Weed-B-Gone) on in vitro proliferation of P. marinus. Only the herbicide had a significant effect, but not at or below the manufacture's recommended application rate (7.81 microl ml(-1)). The herbicide's active ingredients (3.1% 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 10.6% mecoprop and 1.3% dicamba) mimic growth hormones of broadleaf plants; over stimulation of growth results in death. The mode of action of these compounds on P. marinus warrants further investigation which may provide insight towards the identification of biocides to control P. marinus.
authors.affiliation: Haskin Shellfish Research Laboratory, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 6959 Miller Avenue, Port Norris, NJ 08349, USA. bushek@hsrl.rutgers.edu
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bushek
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heidenreich
authors.forename: Dwayne
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Porter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049896:Crassostrea / Q000469:parasitology*; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D006540:Herbicides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009566:Nitrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D010710:Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005449:Fluorenes; D006540:Herbicides; D009566:Nitrates; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D010710:Phosphates; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C007738:fluoranthene; C031181:phenanthrene