title: Randomized clinical trial comparing intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis alone with oral and intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis for the prevention of a surgical site infection in colorectal cancer surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The use of preoperative oral antibiotics during preparation for elective colorectal surgery remains controversial. This was a prospective randomized clinical trial to compare the efficacy of intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis alone with combined oral and intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis for surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five hundred patients were enrolled in this study. Of these, 491 were randomly assigned to receive either intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis or combined oral and intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis. The primary outcome was the incidence of SSI within 6 weeks of elective colorectal surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of SSI was similar in the two treatment groups: intravenous alone, 10.7%; and oral and intravenous, 7.0% (difference 3.7%; 95% confidence interval -4.8% to 5.6%). No critical adverse events were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of oral antibiotics to intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis showed no advantage in the prevention of SSI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Innovative Surgery and Surgical Techniques Development, Division of Reparative Medicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Minako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mohri
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tonouchi
authors.forename: Chikao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kusunoki
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*