title: Cranberry juice increases antioxidant status without affecting cholesterol homeostasis in orchidectomized rats.
abstract: Oxidative stress and hypogonadism are linked to the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in males. The objective of this research was to delineate whether drinking cranberry juice for 4 months affects antioxidant capacity and lipid profile in orchidectomized rats. Thirty-two 1-year-old male rats were randomized to two groups: a sham-control group (n = 8) and an orchidectomized group (n = 24). The orchidectomized group was divided into three groups of eight and assigned to one of the following treatments: orchidectomy, orchidectomy plus 27% cranberry juice, and orchidectomy plus 45% cranberry juice. At 120 days after initiation of the study, all rats were killed, blood was collected, and plasma was harvested for total antioxidant status, malondialdehyde, nitrate + nitrite, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in liver, and concentrations of cholesterol and triglyceride in liver and in plasma. Orchidectomy depressed (P < .05) plasma antioxidant capacity and SOD activity, elevated (P < .05) nitrate + nitrite and malondialdehyde in plasma, and increased (P < .05) triglyceride and cholesterol values in liver and in plasma. Cranberry juice increased (P < .05) plasma antioxidant capacity and SOD activity and reduced (P < .05) nitrate + nitrite and malondialdehyde concentrations. Drinking cranberry juice did not affect cholesterol concentrations in liver and in plasma. Triglyceride concentration in plasma of orchidectomized rats that were drinking cranberry juice increased (P < .05), but its concentration in liver decreased (P < .05) to the level of shams. The protective effect of cranberry juice from oxidative damage may be mediated by a decrease in nitrate + nitrite and dose-dependent decrease in peroxidation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas 78363, USA. p-patil@tamu.edu
authors.forename: Farzad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Deyhim
authors.forename: Bhimanagouda S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.forename: Arnulfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Villarreal
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Kristi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rios
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Cheri
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gonzales
authors.forename: Kranthi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mandadi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D001628:Beverages; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006706:Homeostasis; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D009919:Orchiectomy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D029799:Vaccinium macrocarpon / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002784:Cholesterol; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase