title: Tumor infiltrating dendritic cells predict treatment response to immmunotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is considered to be an immunogenic tumor, the role of immunogenicity in this tumor for predicting treatment response has been little investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Resected RCC specimens from 25 patients who received cytokine treatment for metastases were investigated using immunohistochemistry for CD83+ or S100+ dendritic cells (DCs), CD8+ T-cells, HLA-DR+ tumor cells, CD68+ tumor associated macrophages, microvascular density and vascular endotherial growth factor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the examined parameters, DCs status showed predictive value, that is, higher numbers of CD83+ or S100+ cells in tumors were associated with favorable treatment response. However, only higher CD83 status, which indicates mature and activated DCs, contributed to better survival (p = 0.0339).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased tumor infiltration of mature DCs would be a predictor of treatment response and outcome in metastatic RCC patients, who receive immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan. minoruk@jichi.ac.jp
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Kazumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yashi
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuzawa
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takayashiki
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morita
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D000097802:CD83 Antigen
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011743:Pyrimidines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000097802:CD83 Antigen