Development and applications of surface-activated chemical ionization.
This review regards the recently developed ionization source named surface-activated chemical ionization (SACI) that employs an interaction with a surface placed at low voltage for the activation of the ionization of sample molecules to increase the sensitivity in the analysis of various compounds of biological and clinical interest. These results are due to the strong chemical noise decrease and the increase of ionization efficiency. This ionization source has been employed for the analysis of various compounds of different molecular mass and polarity (addicted and pharmaceutical drugs, amino acids, steroids, peptides, and proteins). The SACI development theoretical mechanism, benefits, disadvantages, applications, and future developments are reported and discussed.
Cristoni
Simone
S
ISB-Ion Source & Biotechnologies, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy. simone.cristoni@gmail.com
Rubini
Simone
S
Bernardi
Luigi Rossi
LR
D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D013499:Surface Properties