Osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle: literature review and report of a case.
OBJECTIVE
The intent of this report is to present a brief review of the literature on osteochondroma and to present a case involving the surgical removal and replacement of a major portion of the condyle and angle of the mandible using free autogenous mandibular bone.


BACKGROUND
While osteochondroma is the most common tumor of skeletal bones, it is relatively uncommon in the jaws occurring at the condyle or the tip of the coronoid process. This benign cartilage-capped growth is usually discovered incidentally on radiographic examination or on palpation of a protruding mass in the affected area. Malocclusion and progressive facial asymmetry are common findings in most cases of condylar osteochondroma.


METHODS
A case of a 29-year-old woman with an osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle is presented. Surgical treatment was tumor resection, grafting, and reshaping of the mandibular angle and ramus. As this lesion is usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on radiographic examination, the general practitioner usually is the first professional to make the diagnosis.


CONCLUSIONS
Condylectomy cannot be recommended as routine in all cases.37 Common surgical treatments include condylectomy and reconstruction.24 If the tumor involves only a limited area of the condylar surface, then preservation of the remaining portion of the condyle and reshaping should be done. Reasons for not taking such a conservative approach are the possibilities of malignancy and the risk of recurrence. In this case report the extraoral vertical ramus osteotomy, associated with free autogenous mandibular bone, presented several advantages.
Ribas
Marina de Oliveira
Mde O
Pontifical University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil.
Martins
Wilson Denis
WD
de Sousa
Maria Helena
MH
Zanferrari
Fernando Luiz
FL
Lanzoni
Thais
T
D000328:Adult; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000601:surgery*; D008339:Mandibular Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D015831:Osteochondroma / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods