A two-signal model for T cell trafficking.
T-cell-receptor triggering and the delivery of co-stimulation are essential events leading to T cell expansion, differentiation and effector function. The influence that such signals exert on T cell migration during and following priming has been highlighted by recent reports. Moreover, induction of peripheral tolerance might act in part by affecting T cell migration. Here, we propose that the integration of co-stimulatory signals, which regulate the ability of primed T cells to access nonlymphoid tissue, and cognate recognition of the endothelium, which determines the selective recruitment of specific T cells, contribute to the anatomy of T cell-mediated immunity and tolerance. The implications for therapeutic strategies manipulating these signals are discussed.
Marelli-Berg
Federica M
FM
Department of Immunology, Division of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK, W12 0NN. f.marelli@imperial.ac.uk
Okkenhaug
Klaus
K
Mirenda
Vincenzo
V
D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000502:physiology*; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000502:physiology*; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D002465:Cell Movement; D004727:Endothelium / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D018448:Models, Immunological; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000502:physiology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*
D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell