title: Brain structure and function correlates of general and social cognition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine how general (e.g., memory, attention) and social (emotional and interpersonal processes) cognition relate to measures of brain function and structure.
  
  
  METHODS
  PCA was used to identify general and social cognitive factors from Brain Resource International Database in 1,316 subjects. The identified factors were correlated with each subject's corresponding brain structure (MRI) and function (EEG/ERP) data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven core cognitive factors were identified for general and three for social. General cognition was correlated with global grey matter, while social cognition was negatively correlated with grey matter in fronto-temporal-somatosensory regions. Executive function, information processing speed and verbal memory performance were correlated with delta-theta qEEG, while most general cognitive factors negatively correlated with beta qEEG. Faster information processing speed was correlated with alpha qEEG. Executive function and information processing speed was correlated with negative-going ERP amplitude and slower ERP latency at frontal sites, but at posterior sites negative correlations were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to general cognition, social cognition is identified by different functional (automated) activity and more localized neural structures. Only general cognition, requiring more effortful, controlled processing is related to brain function measures, particularly in frontal cortices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recording measures from multiple modalities including MRI, EEG/ERP, social and general cognition within the same subject provides a method of brain profiling for use in cognitive-neurotherapy and pharmacological studies.
authors.affiliation: The Brain Dynamics Center, Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital and Western Clinical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia. donrowe@med.usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: Donald L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Belinda J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Liddell
authors.forename: C Richard
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Evian
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Leanne M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D003071:Cognition; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012919:Social Behavior