title: Effects of antiretroviral therapy on tube-like network formation of human endothelial cells.
abstract: New guidelines suggest that HIV-infected pregnant women should be offered combination antiretroviral therapy (zidovudine and protease inhibitors) to prevent fetal HIV infection but concerns remain about potential adverse effects for the infant. Prior small case series have suggested an increased risk for hemangioma. In this study we used zidovudine and indinavir, alone or in combination, to assess the effect on an in vitro angiogenesis system for endothelial cells. The increase in capillary tube formation, was associated with a significant increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production. Zidovudine and indinavir used in combination do not further strengthen both endothelial cell tubes formation and VEGF secretion. We conclude that zidovudine and indinavir may induce angiogenesis in an in vitro model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy. nicolettadisimone@rm.unicatt.it
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Di  Simone
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De  Santis
authors.forename: Enrica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tamburrini
authors.forename: Fiorella
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di  Nicuolo
authors.forename: Mothanje Barbara
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lucia
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riccardi
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: D'Ippolito
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cauda
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caruso
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002196:Capillaries / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D004357:Drug Synergism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D019469:Indinavir / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D015215:Zidovudine; D019469:Indinavir