Successful plasmapheresis for extreme hyperbilirubinemia caused by acute Epstein-Barr virus.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection can be complicated by cholestatic jaundice and hemolytic anemia, although both complications rarely occur simultaneously. An 18-year-old female developed acute EBV infection complicated by cold agglutinin hemolysis and cholestasis. Corticosteroid and ursodeoxycholic acid were initiated but bilirubin peaked at 1297.47 micromol/L (75.7 mg/dL). Plasmapheresis was initiated and with the corticosteroids, resulted in resolution of extreme hyperbilirubinemia. The patient recovered rapidly, is healthy 2 years later and is neurologically intact. The early use of plasmapheresis with corticosteroids and ursodeoxycholic should be considered in EBV infections complicated by extreme hyperbilirubinemia to prevent the rare complication of adult-onset kernicterus.
Place
Emily
E
Department of Hematology/Oncology, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55102, USA.
Wenzel
Judith E
JE
Arumugam
Ramalingam
R
Belani
Kiran
K
Messinger
Yoav
Y
D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006932:Hyperbilirubinemia / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology*; D010956:Plasmapheresis / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones