title: Locked and minimally invasive plating.
abstract: Plate fixation of fractures began before the start of the 20th century. Initially, plates and screws were used to decrease deformity. There was minimal interest in the biology of fracture union. As knowledge increased in regard to the science of bone healing, fixation techniques and implants also evolved, from the development of rudimentary rigid constructs to stable locked plating.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tornetta
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Borrelli
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kregor
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Ricci
mesh_terms: D001860:Bone Plates; D001863:Bone Screws; D004867:Equipment Design; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000601:surgery; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D018460:Fractures, Comminuted / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D011859:Radiography