title: The potential for phospholipase D as a new therapeutic target.
abstract: Mammalian phospholipase D (PLD), a signal transduction-activated enzyme, hydrolyzes phosphatidylcholine to generate the lipid second messenger phosphatidic acid (PA) and choline. Genetic and pharmacological methods have implicated PLD and its product PA in a wide variety of cellular processes including vesicle trafficking, receptor signaling, cell proliferation and survival. Dysregulation of these cell biologic processes occurs in a diverse range of illnesses including cancer. This review summarizes PLD regulation and function and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target in disease settings.
authors.affiliation: University Medical Center at Stony Brook, Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5140, USA.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Frohman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005089:Exocytosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals / Q000378:metabolism; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D010739:Phospholipase D