title: Web-based live telesurgery for minimally invasive procedures in children as an educational tool.
abstract: Three surgeries--a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication, a thoracoscopic left lower lobectomy, and a laparoscopically assisted pull-through for imperforate anus--were broadcast live over the internet. Pediatric surgeons and appropriate societies were notified of the broadcasts by e-mail. Viewers registered on-line at no cost. The procedures could be viewed from any computer connected to the internet. There was a surgeon and on-site moderator for each procedure and viewers could ask questions in real time via e-mail. The three surgeries were archived on the web for later viewing. The broadcasts were transmitted without problem. There were over 8500 preliminary hits at the web site, from 49 countries. By report, many sites had multiple viewers. As of April 2006 there have been over 19,000 hits and 5600 viewers have registered to watch the archived video. Web-based broadcasts appear to be an efficient way for sharing surgical experience and may be a way to expand surgeon education in select cases, especially in an era of dispersal of index cases, work hour restrictions, and evolving technologies. A network of pediatric programs linked via the web might provide an important educational tool.
authors.affiliation: Presbyterian St. Luke's Hospital, Denver, CO 80218, USA. steverberg@aol.com
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rothenberg
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Holcomb
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Georgeson
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Irish
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: Thane
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Blinman
mesh_terms: D001006:Anus, Imperforate / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education; D020375:Education, Distance; D004501:Education, Medical / Q000379:methods; D004521:Educational Measurement; D018961:Educational Technology; D018662:Fundoplication / Q000193:education; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D020407:Internet; D010535:Laparoscopy; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education*; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000193:education; D017216:Telemedicine; D013906:Thoracoscopy