title: Relationship between the soluble F11 receptor and markers of inflammation in hemodialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The human F11 receptor (F11R) is an important cell adhesion molecule implicated in inflammatory thrombosis. We hypothesize that serum levels of the soluble released form of F11R (sF11R) are elevated in dialysis patients since these patients have higher cardiovascular disease burdens than the general population. In this study, we examined whether sF11R levels were elevated in hemodialysis (HD) patients and correlated with known inflammatory cytokines.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used new and standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques to measure levels of sF11R, as well as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10), in a cross section of 52 HD patients and compared these with 15 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the patients was 56 +/- 17.3 years; 60% were female, and 36% had diabetes mellitus. Serum levels of sF11R, hs-CRP, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10 were all significantly higher in patients than in control sera (p < .05). Within the patient group, there was a significant positive correlation between sF11R and TNF-alpha (r = .41, p = .003), IL-10 (r = .32, p = .023), and IL-6 (r = .32, p = .023), whereas hs-CRP showed no significant correlation (r = -.27, p = .052).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the sF11R level is elevated in HD patients and correlates with known markers of cardiovascular disease. sF11R may be a novel cardiovascular risk marker, and longitudinal studies are needed to better assess its relationship with cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA. moro@salifu.net
authors.forename: Moro O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Salifu
authors.forename: Quirine
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Kolff
authors.forename: Preethi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Murty
authors.forename: Dhiren M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Haria
authors.forename: Mahamadu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zimpa
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shakeel
authors.forename: Howon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kornecki
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Babinska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000097:blood*; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016207:Cytokines; C407243:F11R protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D002097:C-Reactive Protein