title: Taking tissue-engineering principles into theater: augmentation of impacted allograft with human bone marrow stromal cells.
abstract: Human bone marrow contains bone progenitor cells that arise from multipotent mesenchymal stem cells. Seeding bone progenitor cells onto a scaffold can produce a 3D living composite with significant mechanical and biological potential. This article details laboratory and clinical findings from two clinical cases, where different proximal femoral conditions were treated using impacted allograft augmented with marrow-derived autogenous progenitor cells. Autologous bone marrow was seeded onto highly washed morselized allograft and impacted. Samples of the impacted graft were also taken for ex vivo analysis. Both patients made an uncomplicated clinical recovery. Imaging confirmed defect filling with encouraging initial graft incorporation. Histochemical and alkaline phosphatase staining demonstrated that a live composite graft with osteogenic activity had been introduced into the defects. These studies demonstrate that marrow-derived cells can adhere to highly washed morselized allograft, survive the impaction process and proliferate with an osteoblastic phenotype, thus creating a living composite.
authors.affiliation: Bone & Joint Research Group, Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. roco@soton.ac.uk
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tilley
authors.forename: Benjamin J R F
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Bolland
authors.forename: Kris
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Partridge
authors.forename: Andrew M R
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: New
authors.forename: Jeremy M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Latham
authors.forename: Douglas G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Dunlop
authors.forename: Richard O C
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Oreffo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D015519:Bone Density; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D004996:Ethidium / Q000378:metabolism; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D050723:Fractures, Bone; D006085:Graft Survival; D006615:Hip / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology; D010388:Pelvis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D004996:Ethidium