title: A community based study about knowledge and practices regarding tobacco consumption and passive smoking in Gadap Town, Karachi.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the proportion of people consuming tobacco in various forms, level of knowledge and practices regarding various harmful effects of tobacco and passive smoking.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted at Ghulam Mohammad Jokhio Goth, a small semi urban community of Gadap Town Karachi, which comprises of a population approximate 2225. About 157 people were interviewed regarding their tobacco consumption practices through a semi structured pre-tested questionnaire from June to August 2005. There were 314 households in the community and every alternate household was selected with a random start. The study subject was selected among all the adult members of 18 years age and above present at the time of interview in the household by lottery method and the questionnaire was administerd to those who were resident of GM Goth after taking consent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In our study 110 (70%) people were tobacco consumers, 47% were knowledgeable about hazards of smoking, 22% were aware about passive smoking, and 90% started consuming tobacco below 20 years of age. The most popular form of tobacco was pan 40%, cigarette 39% and hookah 19%. Eighty four percent were regular smokers. Only 13.6% took counseling, 26.3% tried to quit smoking but none of them succeeded. About 23.5% smokers suffered from cough and headache due to smoking. When age, sex, marital status, income of the household, education and knowledge about hazards of smoking was compared, age and knowledge showed significant association while other variables did not show any significant association.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study concluded that high proportion of people including men and women consume tobacco. Most of them were unaware about tobacco consumption hazards, and passive smoking.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Baqai Medical University, Karachi.
authors.forename: Nighat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nisar
authors.forename: Majid Hafeez
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Qadri
authors.forename: Kiran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fatima
authors.forename: Shakeela
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perveen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution