title: Chronic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis in a blue-fronted Amazon parrot (Amazona aestiva aestiva).
abstract: A 30-yr-old blue-fronted Amazon parrot (Amazon aestiva aestiva) was presented to the clinic with a history of sneezing more often during the last 2 mo. Physical examination revealed only a mild nasal discharge. Complete hematologic and plasma biochemical examination showed no abnormalities. Computerized tomography (CT) of the complete bird showed generalized lung alterations consistent with lung fibrosis. Two lung biopsies were taken. The results of the histologic examination of the biopsies confirmed the tentative CT diagnosis of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of chronic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis diagnosed by means of a lung biopsy in an avian species. The histologic characteristics are discussed and compared with those of human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Avian and Exotic Animal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiteit Utrecht, Yalelaan 108, Utrecht 3584 CM, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Amann
authors.forename: Marja J L
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kik
authors.forename: Maartje H A C
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Passon-Vastenburg
authors.forename: Ineke
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Westerhof
authors.forename: Johannes T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lumeij
authors.forename: Nico J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Schoemaker
mesh_terms: D046708:Amazona; D000818:Animals; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*