title: Microwave processing for sample preparation to evaluate mitochondrial ultrastructural damage in hemorrhagic shock.
abstract: This is a report of the adaptation of microwave processing in the preparation of liver biopsies for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to examine ultrastructural damage of mitochondria in the setting of metabolic stress. Hemorrhagic shock was induced in pigs via 35% total blood volume bleed and a 90-min period of shock followed by resuscitation. Hepatic biopsies were collected before shock and after resuscitation. Following collection, biopsies were processed for TEM by a rapid method involving microwave irradiation (Giberson, 2001). Samples pre- and postshock of each of two animals were viewed and scored using the mitochondrial ultrastructure scoring system (Crouser et al., 2002), a system used to quantify the severity of ultrastructural damage during shock. Results showed evidence of increased ultrastructural damage in the postshock samples, which scored 4.00 and 3.42, versus their preshock controls, which scored 1.18 and 1.27. The results of this analysis were similar to those obtained in another model of shock (Crouser et al., 2002). However, the amount of time used to process the samples was significantly shortened with methods involving microwave irradiation.
authors.affiliation: Section of Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. jose0118@umn.edu
authors.forename: Gary D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Josephsen
authors.forename: Kelly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Josephsen
authors.forename: Greg J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Beilman
authors.forename: Jodie H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Kristine E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Muiler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006470:Hemorrhage; D008872:Microwaves; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D012151:Resuscitation; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000473:pathology*; D013552:Swine