title: Sildenafil improves the alveolar-capillary function in heart failure patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sildenafil is used for pulmonary hypertension treatment and its use is safe in chronic heart failure (HF) patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the effects of sildenafil on lung mechanics, gas diffusion, exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) at rest and during exercise in chronic HF. We did so to evaluate if sildenafil prevents exercise-induced pulmonary edema formation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 22 chronic HF males. We measured after a single dose of placebo, sildenafil (25 mg) and sildenafil (100 mg), lung diffusion (DLCO), molecular diffusion (DM), pulmonary capillary volume (VC), eNO, all at rest and during exercise, standard pulmonary function, and maximal cardiopulmonary exercise.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At rest sildenafil improved pulmonary mechanics and DLCO from 23.1+/-6.3 ml/mmHg/min to 23.9+/-6.4 (25 mg, p<0.05) and to 25.3+/-6.7 100 mg, p<0.02). Sildenafil (100 mg) prevents edema formation (highest DM/VC during exercise). At rest eNO was low and not affected by tested drugs. With light exercise eNO was higher with sildenafil 100 mg. Peak VO(2) increased with sildenafil from 1376+/-331 ml/min to 1471+/-375 (25 mg, p<0.01) and 1524+/-461 (100 mg, p<0.02). Peak VO(2) increase was related to DLCO improvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In chronic HF sildenafil increases exercise performance, improves lung mechanics and gas diffusion and prevents exercise-induced pulmonary edema formation probably by restoring NO pathways.
authors.affiliation: Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Istituto di Cardiologia, Università di Milano, via Parea 4, 20138, Milan, Italy. maurizio.bussotti@ccfm.it
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bussotti
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Montorsi
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amato
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magini
authors.forename: Damiano
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baldassarre
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tantardini
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Veglia
authors.forename: Piergiuseppe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Agostoni
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000187:drug effects / Q000379:methods; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008451:Maximal Voluntary Ventilation / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011653:Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011687:Purines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014797:Vital Capacity / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate