title: The ocular effects of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in dogs.
abstract: The aim of the study was to determine the ocular safety of a single intravitreal dose of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) in dogs. Eleven healthy dogs received a single IVTA injection (8 mg) through the mid-temporal pars-plana of the left eye (OS) using a 27G needle. The dogs were re-evaluated immediately post-IVTA, every 5 min until pre-IVTA values had returned, then daily for 3 days, weekly for 1 month and monthly for 3 months. Immediately post-IVTA, all the treated eyes showed a rise in intraocular pressure (IOP) with a mean value of 41.8+/-8.9 mm Hg. The IOP values then decreased progressively to 14.5+/-2.1 mm Hg at 12.2+/-3.8 min post-IVTA. From then on, normal IOP values were maintained throughout the 3-month monitoring period. The most frequently observed clinical sign post-IVTA was conjunctival hyperaemia. The presence of triamcinolone acetonide in the vitreous was observed in all subsequent examinations of 10/11 eyes and there were still triamcinolone crystals in 5/11 eyes after 90 days. It was concluded that intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide in dogs is feasible under sedation. The immediate increase in IOP post-IVTA is short-lived and pressure quickly returns to pre-IVTA levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Carretera Madrid-Cádiz Km. 396, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Molleda
authors.forename: Rodrigo H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Tardón
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gallardo
authors.forename: Eva M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Martín-Suárez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D015817:Eye Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D007267:Injections / Q000662:veterinary; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide