Reduction of preoperative conjunctival bacterial flora with the use of mupirocin nasal ointment.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether the use of mupirocin ointment for preoperative eradication of nasal bacterial carriage was effective in reducing conjunctival bacterial flora.


METHODS
Prospective, double-arm, blinded clinical trial of 37 eyes of 37 patients undergoing intraocular surgery (cataract extraction or pars plana vitrectomy) randomized to either control or mupirocin treatment groups. Treated patients received mupirocin nasal ointment twice daily for 5 days prior to surgery. Nasal cultures were obtained in all patients. All patients received a standard 5% povidone-iodine preparation before the surgical procedure, and conjunctival cultures were obtained in all patients before and after the povidone-iodine preparation.


RESULTS
All 37 patient nasal swabs were positive for bacterial growth (cultures were obtained prior to the use of mupirocin ointment in the treatment group). One of 15 eyes (6.7%) in the treatment group had positive conjunctival cultures prior to povidone-iodine preparation, compared with nine of 22 eyes (41%) in the control group (P < .05). Even after povidone-iodine preparation, eight of 22 eyes (36%) in the control group demonstrated persistent positive cultures, whereas one (6.7%) of the treatment eyes exhibited growth (P < .05).


CONCLUSIONS
Prophylactic use of mupirocin nasal ointment resulted in significant reduction of conjunctival flora with or without preoperative topical 5% povidone-iodine preparation. The use of mupirocin nasal ointment prior to intraocular surgery or intravitreal injections is a novel method for reducing conjunctival contamination rates, which theoretically should reduce the incidence of endophthalmitis.
Alexandrou
Terry J
TJ
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Hariprasad
Seenu M
SM
Benevento
Joseph
J
Rubin
Michael P
MP
Saidel
Michael
M
Ksiazek
Susan
S
Thompson
Kenneth
K
Boonlayangoor
Sue
S
Mieler
William F
WF
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000382:microbiology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016712:Mupirocin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology*; D009824:Ointments / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014821:Vitrectomy
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009824:Ointments; D016712:Mupirocin