title: Induction of functional MT1 and MT2 isoforms by calcium in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells.
abstract: Metallothionein (MT) expression in carcinogenesis of thyrocytes is unknown. We demonstrated that cadmium induced transcription of all functional MT-1 and MT-2 isoforms and promoted the cell cycle from the G1 to the S phase in thyroid cancer cells, which can be suppressed by the ERK inhibitor. Cadmium exposure stimulated intracellular calcium and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Therefore, a common pathway initiated by a rapid rise in calcium and followed by calcium-mediated activation of ERK is involved in the transcriptional induction of functional MT1 and MT2 isoforms and in the progression of the cell cycle in thyroid cancer cells exposed to cadmium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Min
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: George G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Cathy K Y
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Shum
authors.forename: Alexander C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Vlantis
authors.forename: M George
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Cherian
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koropatnick
authors.forename: C Andrew
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: van Hasselt
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D002453:Cell Cycle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017931:DNA Primers; D006801:Humans; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D008668:Metallothionein; D002118:Calcium