title: Role of neutrophil elastase in LTB4-induced neutrophil transmigration in vivo assessed with a specific inhibitor and neutrophil elastase deficient mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The serine protease neutrophil elastase (NE) appears to regulate inflammatory responses at multiple levels but its role in leukocyte transmigration in vivo remains unclear. The present study aimed to address this issue by using both an NE inhibitor (ONO-5046) and NE deficient (NE(-/-)) mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A number of inflammatory mediators (LTB(4), KC and PAF) were investigated in vitro for their ability to stimulate the release and the surface expression of NE by neutrophils. In addition, the role of NE in leukocyte migration elicited by topical LTB(4) was investigated in vivo in mouse cremasteric venules as observed by intravital microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Amongst the mediators tested in vitro, LTB(4) was found to be a highly potent and efficacious inducer of NE cell surface expression on murine neutrophils. Furthermore, in wild-type mice (WT), LTB(4)-induced leukocyte transmigration was reduced by intravenous ONO-5046 (66% inhibition), an effect that appeared to occur at the level of the perivascular basement membrane. Interestingly, LTB(4)-induced responses were normal in NE(-/-) mice and, while ONO-5046 had no inhibitory effect in these animals, the broad-spectrum serine protease inhibitor aprotinin suppressed leukocyte transmigration in both WT and NE(-/-) mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings demonstrate the potent ability of LTB(4) to induce cell-surface expression of NE and provide evidence for the involvement of NE in LTB(4)-induced neutrophil transmigration in vivo. The results also suggest the existence of compensatory mechanisms in NE(-/-) mice, highlighting the added value of investigating pharmacological blockers in parallel with genetic deletion.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, National Heart & Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, UK.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: M-B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Voisin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dangerfield
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nourshargh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology*; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D014699:Venules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D013449:Sulfonamides; D007975:Leukotriene B4; C069195:sivelestat; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase; D005998:Glycine