title: Expression level of hepatoma-derived growth factor correlates with tumor recurrence of esophageal carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) is thought to play an important role in the development and progression of carcinomas. In the present study, association of HDGF expression with recurrence and prognosis of esophageal carcinoma (EC) was examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  HDGF expression in 111 patients with EC (101 men and 10 women) with ages ranging from 38 to 82 (median, 61) years was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Samples in which >90% of tumor cells exhibited nuclear and cytoplasmic HDGF immunoreactivity at levels greater than or equal to what is observed in the endothelial cells were regarded as HDGF expression level 1, and others as HDGF expression level 0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-seven of 111 patients showed level 1 HDGF expression. There was no correlation between HDGF expression and other clinicopathologic factors. Patients with level 1 expression showed poorer disease-free and overall survival (P < .05 for both) compared with those with level 0 expression. HDGF expression was an independent prognostic factor for patients with early (pT1-2) stage of the disease, but not for those with advanced (pT3-4) stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HDGF expression level was shown to be a prognostic factor for EC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan, 5650871. shinjiyamamoto2005@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hoshida
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morii
authors.forename: Takushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Doki
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aozasa
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uyama
authors.forename: Hideji
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Morito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C051610:hepatoma-derived growth factor