title: Prognostic factors associated with poor graft outcomes in renal recipients with post-transplant glomerulonephritis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little data are available concerning post-transplantation glomerulonephritis (PTx-GN) and its prognostic factors associated with graft outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively evaluated patients with de novo and recurrent PTx-GN to identify the factors associated with their negative impact on graft and patient outcomes. PTx-GN was diagnosed in 55 patients, wherein 17 (31%) had recurrent glomerulonephritis (GN) and 16 (29%) had de novo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our enrolled population consisted of 34 +/- 13.7-yr-old male patients (72%), on hemodialysis for a median of 18 months (0-204) and mainly grafted from living donors (76%). The median onset time of proteinuria and hematuria was 50 d (10-2160) and 30 d (4-1170), respectively. One-yr graft survival rates after PTx-GN diagnosis was 64%. The most frequent de novo GN was membranous GN (26%), while focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was the most frequent recurrent GN (41%), with a very early onset (median of three months). One-yr graft survival was better in the recurrent disease than in the de novo patients, 76% vs. 55% (p = 0.24). The best predictor factors that correlated with graft survival were: proteinuria <3.5 g [relative risk (RR) = 0.24, p = 0.017], serum creatinine below 2.0 mg/dL (RR = 0.06, p = 0.016) at the time of biopsy and the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) (RR = 0.12, p = 0.005). The use of ACEI markedly improved one-yr graft survival rates (92% vs. 47%, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PTx-GN has a strong negative impact on kidney graft survival. De novo GN appears to have a poorer prognosis than the recurrent type. Patients who used ACEI showed a better survival rate in the follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lúcio R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Requião-Moura
authors.forename: Grace T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Moscoso-Solorzano
authors.forename: Marcello F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Kikumi S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pacheco-Silva
authors.forename: Gianna Mastroianni
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Kirsztajn
authors.forename: Niels O S
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Câmara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D003404:Creatinine