title: Impact of intertrigeminal region AMPA receptor blockade on respiratory responses in rats.
abstract: We hypothesized that functional glutamatergic AMPA receptors are expressed in the intertrigeminal region (ITR) of the lateral pons, and that blockade of these receptors by a specific AMPA receptor antagonist (NBQX) would alter respiratory responses both to ITR glutamate injections as well as to vagally mediated reflex apnea induced by intravenous infusion of serotonin. Non-selective blockade of ITR glutamate receptors using kynurenic acid previously was shown to alter both of these respiratory responses. Unilateral ITR injections in 19 anaesthetized spontaneously breathing adult Sprague-Dawley rats with the vagi intact demonstrated that NBQX (10mM): (1) shortened glutamate-induced apnea duration (p=0.006), (2) reduced glutamate-induced apnea frequency (p=0.034) and (3) decreased glutamate-induced apnea density (p=0.006). The same dose of NBQX did not affect vagally mediated reflex apnea induced by intravenous infusion of serotonin. These results show that functional glutamate AMPA receptors are expressed in the ITR but fail to directly demonstrate any specific physiologic role for these receptors in respiratory control. In contrast to antagonism of NMDA receptors which completely blocked the central apnea evoked by glutamate, antagonism of AMPA receptors only partially blocked the effects of glutamate. In contrast to kynurenic acid, antagonists to NMDA and AMPA receptors given separately did not potentiate the duration of reflex apnea.
authors.affiliation: Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep and Health Research, Colleges of Nursing and Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago M/C 802, 845 S. Damen Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
authors.forename: Esma R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Isenovic
authors.forename: Miodrag
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radulovacki
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Carley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001049:Apnea / Q000139:chemically induced; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000187:drug effects; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014276:Trigeminal Nerve / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014278:Trigeminal Nuclei / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011810:Quinoxalines; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; C062865:2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline; D012701:Serotonin; D018698:Glutamic Acid