title: Nuclear factor-kappa B is constitutively activated in peritoneal endometriosis.
abstract: Red (active), black and white endometriotic lesions are characteristic of peritoneal endometriosis. The transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activates proinflammatory, proliferative and antiapoptotic genes in many cell types. To determine whether NF-kappaB is activated in peritoneal endometriosis in women, and further ascertain the differential inflammatory status of endometriotic implants, NF-kappaB activation and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 expression were investigated in peritoneal endometriotic lesions according to their type. Furthermore, p65 and p50 subunits of active NF-kappaB dimers were evaluated in endometriotic lesions to gain some insight into NF-kappaB-implicated pathways. Thirty-six biopsies of peritoneal endometriotic lesions were analyzed. Constitutive NF-kappaB activation, involving p65- and p50-containing dimers, was demonstrated in peritoneal endometriotic lesions by electrophoretic mobility shift assays and supershift analyses, as well as NF-kappaB (p65) DNA-binding activity immunodetection assays. NF-kappaB activation and ICAM-1 expression (evaluated by immunoblotting) were significantly higher in red lesions than black lesions, whereas IkappaBalpha (NF-kappaB inhibitory protein) expression was constant, as shown by western blot analysis. This is the first study to demonstrate constitutive NF-kappaB activation in peritoneal endometriosis in women. NF-kappaB activation and ICAM-1 expression in red lesions confirm the more extensive inflammatory pattern of these lesions compared with black lesions. The involvement of p50/p65 dimers in NF-kappaB activation suggests implication of the classic NF-kappaB activation pathway, making it an attractive therapeutic target in endometriosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Reinaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: González-Ramos
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Donnez
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Defrère
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leclercq
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Squifflet
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lousse
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Van Langendonckt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D010532:Peritoneal Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000606204:NFKBIA protein, human; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha