title: Prevalence of major depressive disorders and a validation of the Beck Depression Inventory among Nigerian adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study are to estimate the prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in a representative sample of Nigerian adolescents, and to assess the validity of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in screening for depressive symptoms among adolescent population in Nigeria.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1095 adolescents aged 13-18 years attending senior secondary schools completed the BDI. The presence of MDD in the adolescents was assessed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Aged Children-Epidemiological Version 5 (K-SADS-E).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of MDD was 6.9%. (male = 5.5%, female = 8.9%). The difference between the rates for MDD in males and females was statistically significant (P = 0.028), but no age or age-gender-interaction difference was found. The BDI has good psychometric properties in screening for depression in adolescents. At a cut off score of 18 and above, the BID has a sensitivity of 0.91, specificity of 0.97, positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.88 and negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.98.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of MDD in Nigerian adolescents is comparable to those found in western culture and the BDI is a valid instrument for screening for MDD among Nigerian adolescents. Health policies in developing countries must integrate adolescents' depression as a disorder of public health significance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching, Hospitals Complex, Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, 233001, Osun State, Nigeria. biodunwuya@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Abiodun O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Adewuya
authors.forename: Bola A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Ola
authors.forename: Olutayo O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Aloba
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002391:Catchment Area, Health; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires