Increased levels of interleukin-6 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 are of cardiac origin in acute coronary syndrome.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the association between inflammatory mediators, matrix degrading enzymes and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the impact of early reperfusion therapy on circulating biomarkers.


METHODS
Peripheral serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were determined in 134 patients with ACS. These biomarkers were serially monitored in ten patients with intravenous thrombolytic therapy (IVT).


RESULTS
Serum levels of IL-6, hs-CRP and MMP-9 were higher in unstable angina (UA) and myocardial infarction (MI) groups than in control or SA group (p<0.05). Peripheral IL-6 level in patients with MI was greater after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (p<0.01) or IVT (p<0.05). Serial concentration determination revealed marked elevation of serum IL-6 and MMP-9 levels, both reaching peak values (like creatine kinase-MB).


CONCLUSIONS
Elevated levels of IL-6, hs-CRP and MMP-9 provide a link between inflammation, matrix degradation and the development and progression of ACS. IL-6 and MMP-9 appear to be released mainly from vulnerable plaque or necrotic myocardium during the acute phase of MI.
Shu
Jun
J
Department of Cardiology, 2nd Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China.
Ren
Ning
N
Du
Ji-Bing
JB
Zhang
Mei
M
Cong
Hong-Liang
HL
Huang
Ti-Gang
TG
D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012107:Research Design; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D015415:Biomarkers; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9