title: Cranberry juice improved antioxidant status without affecting bone quality in orchidectomized male rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We reported that drinking citrus juice improves bone quality in orchidectomized senescent male rats. Because cranberry juice, like citrus, is rich in nutrients and phenolic compounds, beneficial effects of citrus juice might also be seen with cranberry juice. An experiment evaluated effect of drinking cranberry juice on bone quality in orchidectomized rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two 1-year-old male rats were randomized to two groups: a sham-control group (n=8) and an orchidectomized group (n=24). The treatments for the 4 months duration of the study were SHAM, orchidectomy (ORX), ORX+drinking either 27% or 45% cranberry juice concentrate added to drinking water. At the termination of the study, the rats were euthanized, blood was collected for plasma antioxidant status and IGF-I. The femur, tibia and the 4th lumbar were evaluated for bone quality. Total calcium and magnesium concentration in the femurs were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ORX did not affect red blood cell (RBC)-induced hemolysis despite lowering (p<0.05) plasma antioxidant capacity; reduced (p<0.05) plasma IGF-I, femoral density, femoral strength, time-induced femoral fracture, bone mineral content, bone mineral area; numerically (p=0.07) lowered 4th lumbar density; decreased (p<0.05) trabecular connectivity, trabecular number, femoral ash; increased (p<0.05) trabecular separation in comparison to the SHAM group. Drinking cranberry juice increased (p<0.05) plasma antioxidant status, protected RBC against hemolysis, but had no positive effect on bone quality or bone mineral status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cranberry juice increases plasma antioxidant status without affecting bone quality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Sciences, MSC 168, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Villarreal
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Stoecker
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rios
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gonzales
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mandadi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Faraji
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Deyhim
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001628:Beverages; D001842:Bone and Bones; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy; D051381:Rats; D029799:Vaccinium macrocarpon
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants