title: Role of high molecular mass organics in colour formation during biological treatment of pulp and paper wastewater.
abstract: This paper forms part of series of biological treatment colour behaviour studies. Surveys across a range of mills have observed colour increases in aerated stabilisation basins of 20-45%. Much of the colour formation has been demonstrated to occur in high molecular mass effluent organic constituents (HMM) present in bleach plant effluents. Removing material greater than 3000 Da essentially eliminated the colour forming ability in both E and D stage wastewaters. We have also shown that pulp and paper sludges contain anaerobic bacteria capable of reducing humic like materials. Colour formation was correlated to the anoxic conditions and the availability of readily biodegradable organic constituents during the wastewater treatment process. Overall, these studies suggest that colour formation in pulp and paper biological treatment systems may be caused by anaerobic bacteria using HMM material from the bleaching effluents as an electron acceptor for growth. This leads to the reduction of the material, which in turn leads to non-reversible internal changes, such as intra-molecular polymerisation or formation of chromophoric functional groups.
authors.affiliation: Pulp and Paper Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, ON, M5S 3E5, Canada. milestone@chem-eng.utoronto.ca
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Milestone
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Stuthridge
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Fulthorpe
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000502:physiology; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D003116:Color; D006812:Humic Substances / Q000032:analysis; D000860:Hypoxia; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010209:Paper; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology; D014462:Ultrafiltration; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D014934:Wood
chemical_list: D006812:Humic Substances; D007220:Industrial Waste; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D012722:Sewage; D014873:Water Pollutants