Recent advances in basic and clinical aspects of inflammatory bowel disease: which steps in the mucosal inflammation should we block for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease?
There are four steps in the interaction between intestinal microbes and mucosal inflammation in genetically predisposed individuals from the viewpoints of basic and clinical aspects of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The first step is an interaction between intestinal microbes or their components and intestinal epithelial cells via receptors, the second step an interaction between macrophages and dendritic cells and mucosal lymphocytes, the third step an interaction between lymphocytes and vascular endothelial cells, and the fourth step an interaction between lymphocytes and granulocytes producing proinflammatory cytokines or free radicals and mucosal damage and repair. Recent therapeutic approaches for IBD aim to block these four steps in the intestinal inflammation of patients with IBD.
Asakura
Hitoshi
H
Shinanomachi Rengakan, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjukuku, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan. asakura_ht@imic.or.jp
Suzuki
Kenji
K
Honma
Terasu
T
D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology
D016207:Cytokines