title: [Preoperatively administered flomoxef sodium concentration in aqueous humor].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We intravenously administered flomoxef sodium (FMOX) 0.5-3.5 hours before cataract surgery and measured the concentration of the agent in the aqueous humor to investigate its penetration into the aqueous humor and its efficacy in the prevention of postoperative endophthalmitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  56 patients who underwent cataract surgery were enrolled in this study. They received 1 g FMOX via a 20-minute intravenous drip beginning 0.5-3.5 hours before the operation. Aqueous humor was aspirated from the anterior chamber and assayed for FMOX concentration using high-performance liquid chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean intraoperative FMOX concentrations in the patients' aqueous humor were 0.79 +/- 0.24 microg/ml (administered 3.5 hours before surgery)--1.47 0.79 microg/ml (administered 1.5 hours before surgery). These concentrations administered 0.5-3.0 hours before surgery sufficiently exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 90 values against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes, but did not achieve the MIC90 values against Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FMOX concentrations in the aqueous humor sampling were adequate to kill bacteria in vitro. This drug may be efficacious in the prevention of postoperative endophthalmitis in patients undergoing cataract surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. m4429jp@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Nobuhisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mizuki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011300:Preoperative Care; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; C045693:flomoxef