title: Sphingomyelin synthase 1 suppresses ceramide production and apoptosis post-photodamage.
abstract: The role of sphingomyelin synthase 1 (SMS1), the Golgi membrane isoform of the enzyme, in ceramide metabolism and apoptosis after photodamage with the photosensitizer Pc 4 (PDT) is unclear. In the present study, using electrospray ionization/double mass spectrometry, we show that in Jurkat cells overexpressing SMS1, increases in ceramides were lower than in empty-vector transfectants post-PDT. Similarly, the responses of dihydroceramides and dihydrosphingosine, precursors of ceramide in the de novo synthetic pathway, were attenuated in SMS1-overexpressor after photodamage, suggesting the involvement of the de novo pathway. Overexpression of SMS1 was associated with differential regulation of sphingomyelin levels, as well as with the reduced inhibition of the enzyme post-treatment. Concomitant with the suppressed ceramide response, PDT-induced DEVDase activation was substantially reduced in SMS1-overexpressors. The data show that overexpression of SMS1 is associated with suppressed ceramide response and apoptotic resistance after photodamage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. dseparovic@wayne.edu
authors.forename: Duska
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Separovic
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hanada
authors.forename: Ma'In Yehya Awad
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Maitah
authors.forename: Biserka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hang
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tainsky
authors.forename: Janice M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kraniak
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bielawski
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002518:Ceramides / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008027:Light; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013109:Sphingomyelins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000096:biosynthesis; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D017855:Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups)
chemical_list: D002518:Ceramides; D007211:Indoles; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D013109:Sphingomyelins; C109343:dihydroceramide; C107448:phthalocyanine Pc 4; C455440:SGMS1 protein, human; D017855:Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups); D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; C108711:DEVDase; D013110:Sphingosine; C005682:safingol