title: Radiculopathy and the herniated lumbar disk: controversies regarding pathophysiology and management.
abstract: Lumbar disk herniation is one of the most common problems encountered in orthopaedic practice. Despite the frequency of its occurrence, however, much about lumbar disk herniation is poorly understood. It is important to review the basic and clinical science underlying the pathophysiology and treatment, surgical and nonsurgical, of this disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schaufele
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Abdu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001510:Bed Rest; D001915:Braces; D015897:Comorbidity; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011843:Radiculopathy / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D014143:Traction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha