title: Lycopene, quercetin and tyrosol prevent macrophage activation induced by gliadin and IFN-gamma.
abstract: Oxidative stress plays an important role in inflammatory process of celiac disease. We have studied the effect of the lycopene, quercetin and tyrosol natural antioxidants on the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated by gliadin in association with IFN-gamma. The IFN-gamma plus gliadin combination treatment was capable of enhancing iNOS and COX-2 gene expression and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription-1alpha (STAT-1alpha) activation induced by reactive oxygen species generation at 24 h. Lycopene, quercetin and tyrosol inhibited all these effects. The results here reported suggest that these compounds may represent non toxic agents for the control of pro-inflammatory genes involved in celiac disease.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Farmacologia Sperimentale, Via D. Montesano, 49, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy. dadestef@unina.it
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Stefano
authors.forename: Maria Chiara
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Maiuri
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Simeon
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grassia
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soscia
authors.forename: Maria Pia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cinelli
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carnuccio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002446:Celiac Disease; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D005903:Gliadin; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D050832:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D000077276:Lycopene; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011794:Quercetin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D050832:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3; C494258:Irf1 protein, mouse; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009573:Nitrites; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C079868:gamma interferon activation factor; C011867:4-hydroxyphenylethanol; D002338:Carotenoids; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D005903:Gliadin; D011794:Quercetin; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol; D000077276:Lycopene