title: Comparative analysis of the oil and supercritical CO2 extract of Ridolfia segetum (L.) Moris.
abstract: Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction allowed to obtain the volatile oil of different aerial parts of Ridolfia segetum (L.) Moris. Extraction conditions were as follows: pressure, 90 bar; temperature, 50 degrees C and carbon dioxide flow, Phi = 1.0 kg h(-1). Waxes were entrapped in the first separator set at 90 bar and -10 degrees C. The oil was recovered in the second separator working at 15 bar and 10 degrees C. The main components of the flower oil were alpha-phellandrene (19.4%), terpinolene (20.5%), piperitenone oxide (11.6%), beta-phellandrene (8.2%), (Z)-beta-ocimene (7.8%), myristicin (7.5%) and p-cymene (4.4%). The comparison with the hydrodistilled (HD) oil reveal that the significative difference was the content of sesquiterpenes which are higher in the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) products. Collection of samples at different extraction times during supercritical extraction, allowed to monitor the change of the oil composition. Lighter compounds, as hydrocarbon monoterpenes, were extracted in shorter times than the heavier hydrocarbon and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The oil from the steams was characterized by a high content of alpha-phellandrene (12.9%), terpinolene (11.6%), myristicin (11.0%), p-cymene (9.9%), beta-phellandrene (8.2%) and (Z)-beta-ocimene (6.0%) while the main components of the fruits were found to be myristicin (70.8%), piperitenone oxide (19.9%) and dill apiole (4.2%).
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy. maronb@unica.it
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Marongiu
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piras
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Porcedda
authors.forename: Enrica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tuveri
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maxia
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000475:Alkenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D000081248:Allylbenzene Derivatives; D019661:Apiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D001593:Benzyl Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D000081007:Cymenes; D004148:Dioxolanes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011748:Pyrogallol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D013729:Terpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000475:Alkenes; D000081248:Allylbenzene Derivatives; D001593:Benzyl Compounds; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D000081007:Cymenes; D004148:Dioxolanes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D013729:Terpenes; D011748:Pyrogallol; C005246:myristicin; C443996:beta-ocimene; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C007210:4-cymene; C044956:piperitenone; C027009:terpinolene