title: Growth factor signalling in endocrine and anti-growth factor resistant breast cancer.
abstract: Growth factors provide powerful mitogenic and survival signals to breast cancer cells and it is therefore not surprising that they are able to subvert inhibitory responses to anti-hormonal drugs. In this review we discuss several mechanisms by which this may be achieved and expand our observations to encompass recently emerging anti-growth factor treatments. The information presented is underpinned by inhibitor studies that show the targeting of such mechanisms in advance of anti-hormone or anti-growth factor resistance development is able to substantially delay this event, thus pointing the way forward to intelligent combination therapies relevant to the future management of breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. NicholsonRI@cardiff.ac.uk
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Nicholson
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Hutcheson
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hiscox
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giles
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: J M W
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gee
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D066246:ErbB Receptors