title: Transduction of centrifugation-induced gravity forces through mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
abstract: Centrifugation of cells of Schizosaccharomyces pombe in liquid medium prompted a marked activation of Sty1 and Pmk1, which are the effector mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) of the stress-activated protein kinase pathway and the cell-integrity pathway, respectively. Transduction of the centrifugation signals showed a sensitivity threshold above which the response was dependent on time and temperature. Centrifugation-induced phosphorylation of Sty1 and Pmk1 required the presence of the main functional components of the respective signalling cascades, i.e. Wak1 or Win1 plus Wis1, and Mkh1 plus Pek1. The transcription factor Atf1 also became phosphorylated in a Sty1-dependent way upon centrifugation. Hypergravity was an important factor in the activation of Sty1 induced by centrifugation, whilst activation of Pmk1 was mostly due to gravity-associated shear forces. Centrifugation did not increase cell survival against other stresses. Rather, the increased gravitational forces produced a delay in the cell cycle, probably related to alterations in the actin-polarization pattern. Phosphorylation of the MAPK Sty1 was needed for the depolarization of actin patches induced by the centrifugation stress.
authors.affiliation: Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Soto
authors.affiliation: Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Núñez
authors.affiliation: Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Madrid
authors.affiliation: Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Jero
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.affiliation: Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gacto
authors.affiliation: Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cansado
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002498:Centrifugation; D006112:Gravitation; D050296:Microbial Viability; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011494:Protein Kinases; D012440:Saccharomyces; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000378:metabolism*; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C516338:Pmk1 protein, S pombe; C095409:sty1 protein, S pombe