title: Hyperacusis in patients with complex regional pain syndrome related dystonia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS-1), patients may have manifestations of central involvement, including allodynia, hyperalgesia or dystonia. We noted that more severely affected patients may experience hyperacusis, which may also reflect central involvement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and characteristics of hyperacusis in patients with CRPS related dystonia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The presence of hyperacusis, speech reception thresholds (SRT), pure-tone thresholds (PTT) and uncomfortable loudness (UCL) was evaluated in 40 patients with CRPS related dystonia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PTT and SRT were normal for all patients. 15 patients (38%) reported hyperacusis and this was associated with allodynia/hyperalgesia and with more affected extremities. UCLs of patients with hyperacusis were significantly lower than UCLs of patients without hyperacusis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyperacusis is common among severely affected patients with CRPS related dystonia and may indicate that the disease spreads beyond those circuits related to sensory-motor processing of extremities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M J M
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: de Klaver
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: van Rijn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marinus
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Soede
authors.forename: J A P M
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: de Laat
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: van Hilten
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D004421:Dystonia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012001:Hyperacusis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D012019:Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index