title: Gastric emptying of solids and semi-solids in morbidly obese and non-obese subjects: an assessment using the 13C-octanoic acid and 13C-acetic acid breath tests.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been suggested that obesity is associated with an altered rate of gastric emptying. The objective of the present study was to determine whether the rates of solid and semi-solid gastric emptying differ between morbidly obese patients and lean subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Gastric-emptying time (GET) of solid and semi-solid meals were compared between lean healthy subjects and morbidly obese patients enrolled in two previously published studies. GET of solid and semi-solid meals was measured using the 13C-octanoic acid breath test and 13C-acetic acid breath test, respectively, in 24 lean and 14 morbidly obese individuals of both sexes. Student t-test was used to compare the mean data between the lean and morbidly obese groups. The influence of sex, gender, BMI and morbid obesity on the GET of solid meals was verified by linear regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean t(1/2) values of solid GET (+/- standard deviation) were 203.6 +/- 76.0 min and 143.5 +/- 19.1 min for lean and obese subjects, respectively (P = 0.0010). Mean t(lag) values of solid GET were 127.3 +/- 42.7 min and 98.4 +/- 13.0 min for lean and obese subjects, respectively (P = -0.0044). No significant difference in semi-solid GET was observed between the lean and morbidly obese groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrated a significantly enhanced gastric emptying of the solid meal test in morbidly obese patients when compared to lean subjects. This finding is compatible with the hypothesis that rapid gastric emptying in morbidly obese subjects increases caloric intake due to a more rapid loss of satiety.
authors.affiliation: Alfa Institute of Gastroenterology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. aloisiocardosojr@gmail.com
authors.forename: Aloísio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cardoso-Júnior
authors.forename: Luiz Gonzaga Vaz
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Savassi-Rocha
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Vignolo
authors.forename: Marcelo Militão
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Abrantes
authors.forename: Aline Miranda
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: Emanuela Eudes
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Gerival
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Mariana Moreira
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: de Castro
authors.forename: Yara Vieira
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Lemos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001944:Breath Tests; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors