title: Immunotoxicity and hepatic function evaluation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to diazinon.
abstract: The LC(50) of the organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) diazinon to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was determined, thereafter, hepatic activity, phagocytic index, percentages of active cells, relative spleen weight, total IgM concentration and lymphoproliferation rates were compared between diazinon exposed groups (LC(50) and (1/2)LC(50)) and non-exposed control group. Experimental data show that diazinon is highly toxic for juvenile Nile tilapia (LC(50)=7.830 ppm) and presents immunotoxic properties which affect both the innate and cellular adaptive immune responses of this fish, as revealed by the fact that splenocyte proliferation and phagocytic indices were significantly decreased after acute exposure to the pesticide. However, the hepatic biochemical parameters and the total circulating IgM concentrations were not affected in this experimental model.
authors.affiliation: University of Guadalajara, Cellular and Molecular Biology Department, Carretera a Nogales Km 15.5, Las Agujas, Zapopan, 45110, Jalisco, Mexico. ivan-giron@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Manuel Iván
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Girón-Pérez
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santerre
authors.forename: Fabiola
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Jaime
authors.forename: Josefina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Casas-Solis
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernández-Coronado
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peregrina-Sandoval
authors.forename: Akiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.forename: Galina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zaitseva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D023681:Cichlids / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology*; D003976:Diazinon / Q000633:toxicity*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects*; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003976:Diazinon