title: Development and evaluation of carvedilol transdermal patches.
abstract: Transdermal patches of carvedilol with a HPMC-drug reservoir were prepared by the solvent evaporation technique. In this investigation, the membranes of Eudragit RL100 and Eudragit RS100 were cast to achieve controlled release of the drug. The prepared patches possessed satisfactory physicochemical characteristics. Thickness, mass and drug content were uniform in prepared batches. Moisture vapour transmission through the patches followed zero-order kinetics. In vitro permeation studies were performed using a K-C diffusion cell across hairless guinea pig skin and followed the super case II transport mechanism. The effects of non-ionic surfactants Tween 80 and Span 80 on drug permeation were studied. The nonionic surfactants in the patches increased the permeation rate, Span 80 exhibiting better enhancement relative to Tween 80. The patches were seemingly free of potentially hazardous skin irritation.
authors.affiliation: Bhupal Nobles' College of Pharmacy, Udaipur-313001, Rajasthan, India. yuveraj@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Yuveraj Singh
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Tanwar
authors.forename: Chetan Singh
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.forename: Anshu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000077261:Carvedilol; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004058:Diffusion; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007700:Kinetics; D008747:Methylcellulose / Q000737:chemistry; D010539:Permeability; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000737:chemistry; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012869:Skin Absorption; D012995:Solubility; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002227:Carbazoles; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D011136:Polysorbates; D011412:Propanolamines; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D000077261:Carvedilol; C050528:Eudragit RS; D008747:Methylcellulose