Two-modality mammography may confer an advantage over either full-field digital mammography or screen-film mammography.
OBJECTIVE
We sought to compare the cancer detection rate and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve of full-field digital mammography, screen-film mammography, and a combined technique that allowed diagnosis if a finding was suspicious on film mammography, on digital mammography, or both.


METHODS
We used the data originally analyzed by Lewin and associates in 2002. In that trial, 6,736 paired full-field and digital mammograms were performed in 4,489 women. We used parametric and nonparametric tests to compare the area under the curve for ROC scores of film-screen only, digital mammography only, and the combined test. We used McNemar's test for paired proportions to compare the cancer detection rates.


RESULTS
With the parametric test, neither the difference in the area under the curve between the film and combined nor the difference between the digital and combined ROC curves was significant at the Bonferroni-corrected 0.025 alpha level (film versus combined difference = 0.0563, P = .0712; digital versus combined difference = 0.0894, P = .0455). The nonparametric test showed that there was a significant difference between both film and combined (difference = 0.073, P = .008) and digital versus combined ROC curves (difference = 0.1164, P = .0008). The continuity-corrected McNemar's test showed a significant increase in the proportion of cancers detected by the combined modality over film (chi(2) = 7.111, df = 1, P = .0077), and over digital (chi(2) = 12.071, df = 1, P = .0005).


CONCLUSIONS
Using two mammograms, one film and one digital, significantly increases the detection of breast cancer.
Glueck
Deborah H
DH
Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA. Deborah.glueck@uchsc.edu
Lamb
Molly M
MM
Lewin
John M
JM
Pisano
Etta D
ED
D019540:Area Under Curve; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000379:methods*; D012372:ROC Curve; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity