The healing effects of autologous platelet gel on acute human skin wounds.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the healing of full-thickness skin punch wounds treated with topical autologous platelet gel (APG) vs conventional therapy (antibiotic ointment and/or occlusive dressings) in healthy volunteers.


METHODS
A prospective, single-blind, pilot study comprising 80 full-thickness skin punch wounds (4 mm diameter) was conducted on the thighs of 8 healthy volunteers. With each subject serving as his or her own control (5 punch sites per leg), APG was applied topically on one thigh, and an antibiotic ointment and/or a semiocclusive dressing was applied on the other thigh. Healing was monitored for spontaneous wound closure by clinical assessment and by digital photographs over 6 months. Over 35 days, 64 serial dermal biopsy specimens (6 mm diameter) were analyzed (using hematoxylin-eosin, Mason trichrome, CD-34, and Ki-67 stains) to measure differences between treated and control sites for cellularity, granulation formation, vascularity, epithelialization, and cellular replication.


RESULTS
Over a 42-day period, the APG-treated sites had statistically increased wound closure compared with controls by visual clinical assessment and by digital planimetry photographic measurements (P<or=.02). On day 17, the percentage of closure was 81.1% +/- 2.5% (mean +/- SE) for the APG-treated sites and 57.2% +/- 5.9% for the control sites. Also, the APG wound closure velocities were significantly faster than those of the controls (P = .001). Histologically, over time, the APG-treated sites had similar cellularity, cellular replication, granulation tissue, vascularity, and epithelialization compared with controls. However, when the platelet count in the gel was more than 6 times the baseline intravascular platelet count in some subjects, epithelialization and granulation formation appeared 3 days earlier in the APG-treated group. Furthermore, in vitro testing of supplemental APG showed increased endothelial cell proliferation compared with controls (P<.04).


CONCLUSIONS
This pilot study provides preliminary evidence that topical APG may hasten wound closure in full-thickness dermal wounds in healthy individuals.


BACKGROUND
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00199992.
Hom
David B
DB
Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, MN, and Hennepin County Medical Center, USA. david.hom@uc.edu
Linzie
Bradley M
BM
Huang
Trevor C
TC
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001706:Biopsy; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
D005782:Gels; D011994:Recombinant Proteins