Neuropsychiatric syndromes associated with multiple sclerosis.
Multiple sclerosis is associated with diverse behavioral changes. Rates of major depression approach 50% over the course of patients' lives, rates of bipolar disorder and psychosis are twice as common when compared to rates in the general population and pseudobulbar affect will afflict one in ten patients. However, these disorders often respond well to pharmacologic treatment and in the case of major depression, some forms of psychotherapy too. This article summarizes these mental state changes, their pathogenesis and treatment. Correct diagnosis and treatment can substantially improve the quality of life for MS patients.
Feinstein
Anthony
A
Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4N 3M5. antfeinstein@aol.com
D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy