title: Ginkgo biloba in dyslexia: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to collect preliminary information on the possible efficacy and tolerability of EGb 761 standardized plant extract of Ginkgo biloba as a treatment of dyslexia in school-aged children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen children (5-16 year old) with dyslexia participated in an open-label trial of EGb 761 given as a single morning dose of 80 mg. Standardized tests for dyslexia were administered at baseline and at the end of the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 15 children completed the trial. The score of the standardized tests for dyslexia decreased. On the list of words the score decreased from mean 4.33 (SD=2.37) at baseline to 2.66 (SD=1.58) at the end of the study (p<0.01), on the list of non-words from mean 3.39 (SD=1.5) at baseline to 2.26 (SD=0.92) at the end of the study (p<0.02) and on the reading piece from mean 3.52 (SD=2.11) to 2.13 (SD=1.25); at the end of the study (p<0.05). At the end of the study 9 children did not perform below the -2 SD on the list of words and 7 on reading text and so they no longer fulfilled the DSM-IV-TR criteria for dyslexia. A brief period of headache was reported by the parents of two children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that EGb 761 standardized plant extract of Ginkgo biloba has acceptable acute tolerability at single doses up to 80 mg/day and is possibly efficacious in decreasing dyslexia difficulties. The need for a double-blind trial is discussed by the authors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, La Scarpetta Hospital, Piazza Castellani 23, 00151 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Donfrancesco
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrante
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004410:Dyslexia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D020441:Ginkgo biloba; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000096983:Ginkgo Extract
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; C063170:Ginkgo biloba extract; D000096983:Ginkgo Extract