title: First report of microcystin-LR in the cyanobacterium Gloeotrichia echinulata.
abstract: Gloeotrichia echinulata is a bloom-forming cyanobacterium that is common in eutrophic lakes, and less prevalent but increasing in oligotrophic lakes. We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis to test for the presence of the hepatotoxin microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in G. echinulata collected from an oligotrophic lake in central New Hampshire, USA. We found that G. echinulata contained MC-LR at mean concentrations of 97.07 +/- 7.78 (1 s.e.) ng MC-LR g(-1) dry wt colonies. This suggests that recent outbreaks of G. echinulata in oligotrophic lakes used as water sources throughout New England (USA) may pose a health concern. The toxicity of G. echinulata reported here suggests the need for future monitoring of microcystins in oligotrophic lakes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. cayelan.carey@ebc.uu.se
authors.forename: Cayelan C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Haney
authors.forename: Kathryn L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Cottingham
mesh_terms: D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; C057862:cyanoginosin LR