title: Clinical care of the HIV-infected drug user.
abstract: HIV/AIDS and chemical dependency, the latter often intertwined with mental illness, are complex, overlapping spheres that adversely influence each other and the overall clinical outcomes of the affected individual. Each disorder individually impact tens of millions of people adversely, with explosive epidemics described worldwide. This article addresses the adverse consequences of HIV/AIDS, drug injection, the secondary comorbidities of both, and the impact of immunosuppression on presentation of disease as well as approaches to managing the HIV-infected drug user.
authors.affiliation: Yale University AIDS Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
authors.forename: R Douglas
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Bruce
authors.forename: Frederick L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Altice
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; D000437:Alcoholism; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000494:pharmacology; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D014943:Global Health; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006525:Hepatitis, Viral, Human / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D001523:Mental Disorders; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents