title: Do high doses of quinolones decrease the emergence of antibacterial resistance? A systematic review of data from comparative clinical trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether the use of high doses of quinolones may reduce the development of antimicrobial resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Relevant studies were identified from PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (until June 2006).
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a systematic review of the available data from comparative clinical studies reporting on the emergence of resistance when using different daily doses of quinolones.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve studies reported comparative data regarding the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Development of resistance occurred in patients of 5/12 studies included in the review, with no statistical difference between the compared arms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although data from laboratory studies are indicative of a benefit from using high daily doses of quinolones in order to minimize the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, the data from the reviewed trials are limited and can neither support nor reject this finding. However, it seems that if a true benefit exists this is rather small and regards mainly isolates with initially high minimum inhibitory concentrations. Further comparative clinical studies focusing on this issue are justified.
authors.affiliation: Alfa Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Athens, Marousi, Greece. m.falagas@aibs.gr
authors.forename: Matthew E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Falagas
authors.forename: Ioannis A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Bliziotis
authors.forename: Petros I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Rafailidis
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones