title: Renal artery stenosis in swine: feasibility of MR assessment of renal function during percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively test--in a swine model of renal artery stenosis (RAS)--the hypothesis that magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can reveal changes in renal function at the time of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this animal care and use committee-approved study, high-grade unilateral RAS was surgically induced in six pigs. MR imaging at 3.0 T was used for intraprocedural assessment of the anatomic and physiologic changes induced by x-ray-guided PTA. With use of MR imaging, changes in single-kidney glomerular filtration rate, extraction fraction, and renal blood flow were assessed during PTA. The arterial diameter of stenosis before and after PTA was assessed by using conventional digital subtraction angiography. Mean changes in functional and anatomic parameters were compared by using the Wilcoxon signed rank test (alpha = .05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At digital subtraction angiography, the mean percentage of stenosis was 69% +/- 10 (standard deviation) before PTA and 26% +/- 10 after PTA (P<.03). Mean pre- and post-PTA extraction fraction values were 0.11 +/- 0.03 and 0.19 +/- 0.06, respectively (P<.03). The mean single-kidney glomerular filtration rate before PTA, 19 mL/min +/- 13, increased to 41 mL/min +/- 33 after PTA (P<.03). There was no significant change in mean renal blood flow after PTA (P=.44).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In swine, MR imaging can reveal changes in renal function after x-ray-guided PTA for unilateral RAS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 448 E Ontario St, Suite 700, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Thomas K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Ty A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Cashen
authors.forename: Wanyong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Brian E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Schirf
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gehl
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.forename: Pottumarthi V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: Debiao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: Reed A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Omary
mesh_terms: D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA