title: Innate immune responses of the dental pulp to caries.
abstract: Various cells and inflammatory mediators are involved in the initial pulpal responses to caries. This review focuses on the cellular, neuronal, and vascular components of pulpal innate responses to caries. Discussion will include dentinal fluid, odontoblasts, neuropeptides, and neurogenic inflammation, which are not classic immune components but actively participate in the inflammatory response as the caries progress pulpally. Summaries of innate immune cells as well as their cytokines and chemokines in healthy and reversible pulpitis tissues are presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 520 North 12th Street, Richmond, Virginia 3298-0566, USA
authors.forename: Chin-Lo
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: Frederick R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Liewehr
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000502:physiology; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D019234:Dentinal Fluid / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000502:physiology; D011671:Pulpitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D009479:Neuropeptides