title: The efficacy and safety of vardenafil in East Asian men with erectile dysfunction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous clinical studies assessing the efficacy and safety of vardenafil, an oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, in men with erectile dysfunction (ED) have consisted mostly of Caucasian patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this article is to describe the efficacy and safety of vardenafil in men of East Asian ethnicity with ED.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were pooled from two 12-week, double-blind studies that included 306 East Asian men randomized to placebo or 10 mg of vardenafil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Efficacy variables included the International Index of Erectile Function-erectile function (IIEF-EF) domain score, questionnaires of Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP2 and SEP3), and a Global Assessment Question (GAQ). Safety assessments included laboratory tests, vital signs, 12-lead electrocardiogram recordings, and patients' reporting of adverse events.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 306 East Asian men with ED were treated with placebo (N = 151) or vardenafil (N = 155). Mean baseline IIEF-EF domain scores (placebo, 13.4; vardenafil, 14.2) were consistent with moderate ED. At end point, the patients treated with vardenafil had a significantly greater increase in IIEF-EF domain score compared with placebo (24.2 vs. 15.9; P < 0.0001). The average per patient penetration (SEP2) success rate was significantly higher in the vardenafil group compared with placebo (88% vs. 58%; P < 0.0001). Moreover, the average per patient intercourse completion (SEP3) success rate was significantly higher in the vardenafil group compared with placebo (69% vs. 23%; P < 0.0001). Positive GAQ responses were reported by 85% of patients receiving vardenafil, compared with 33% of those receiving placebo. The most frequent adverse events were vasodilatation (primarily facial flushing), rhinitis, and headache, all of which were of mild intensity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vardenafil is an effective, well-tolerated oral drug for the treatment of East Asian men with moderate ED of broad-spectrum etiology.
authors.affiliation: Taipei Veteran General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan;. Electronic address: kkchen@vghtpe.gov.tw.
authors.forename: Kuang-Kuo
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Seung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Paick
authors.affiliation: Toho University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Taipei Veteran General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.lastname: On Behalf Of The Vardenafil Study Group
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010410:Penile Erection; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012107:Research Design; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013450:Sulfones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013624:Taiwan; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014227:Triazines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069058:Vardenafil Dihydrochloride; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D013450:Sulfones; D014227:Triazines; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000069058:Vardenafil Dihydrochloride