title: Longitudinal changes in global brain volume between 79 and 409 days after traumatic brain injury: relationship with duration of coma.
abstract: Neuropathological and experimental animal studies indicate that traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in long-term, neurodegenerative changes. Structural image evaluation using normalization of atrophy (SIENA) offers an automated analysis of the subtle changes in percent brain volume change (%BVC) associated with TBI. In the present study, SIENA was used to evaluate %BVC in individuals who had sustained a mild to severe TBI. We obtained three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans approximately 79 days and again 409 days post-injury. TBI patients (n = 37) displayed significantly greater decline in %BVC (-1.43%) relative to a normal comparison group (+0.1%, n = 30). Greater %BVC was associated with longer duration of post-injury coma. These results confirm previous findings from cross-sectional studies and argue that the brain undergoes continued structural change for several months post-injury.
authors.affiliation: William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Mehul A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Trivedi
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Timothy M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: Shawn D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Gale
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Dempsey
authors.forename: Howard A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Rowley
authors.forename: Sterling C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001284:Atrophy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003128:Coma / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014855:Wallerian Degeneration / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology