title: PGE synthase inhibitors as an alternative to COX-2 inhibitors.
abstract: NSAIDs and selective COX-2 inhibitors reduce the formation of prostanoids, particularly PGE2, to diminish inflammation. However, these drugs exhibit toxicities, including gastrointestinal bleeding and myocardial infarction. In cells, arachidonic acid is converted to PGE2 by the action of COX enzymes and terminal PGE synthase. This review discusses the problems associated with selective COX-2 inhibitors and describes the microsomal PGE synthase-1 enzyme, its regulation and role in inflammatory diseases, its known inhibitors, and its potential as an alternative target for the development of novel anti-inflammatory agents.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Department of Natural Products, Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India. sanjayjachak@niper.ac.in
authors.forename: Sanjay M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Jachak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D000071876:Prostaglandin-E Synthases
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C000605862:PTGES protein, human; D000071876:Prostaglandin-E Synthases; D015232:Dinoprostone