title: Exploring improvisation in nursing.
abstract: Improvisation has long been considered a function of music, dance, and the theatre arts. An exploration of the definitions and characteristics of this concept in relation to the art and practice of nursing provide an opportunity to illuminate related qualities within the field of nursing. Nursing has always demonstrated improvisation because it is often required to meet the needs of patients in a rapidly changing environment. However, little has been done to identify improvisation in the practice of nursing or to teach improvisation as a nursing knowledge-based skill. This article strives to explore the concept of improvisation in nursing, to describe the characteristics of improvisation as applied to nursing, and to utilize case studies to illustrate various manifestations of improvisation in nursing practice.
authors.affiliation: Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Nursing, Odessa, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Mary Anne
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hanley
authors.forename: Mary V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Fenton
mesh_terms: D003142:Communication; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003405:Creativity; D004645:Empathy; D018939:Holistic Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D024802:Nurse's Role; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research