title: Possible correlates of long-term protection against Helicobacter pylori following systemic or combinations of mucosal and systemic immunizations.
abstract: The ability to induce long-term immunity to Helicobacter pylori is necessary for an effective vaccine. This study was designed to establish the most efficient route(s) (systemic, mucosal, or a combination) of immunization for induction of long-term immunity and to define correlates of protection. Mice were immunized orally alone (oral group), intramuscularly (i.m.) alone (i.m. group), orally followed by i.m. (oral/i.m. group), or i.m. followed by orally (i.m./oral group). Long-term protective immunity to oral H. pylori challenge was observed 3 months after immunization through the i.m. or oral/i.m. route. Protection correlated with an increase in H. pylori-specific interleukin-12 and both immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG2a serum titers following challenge. Mice that were not protected (oral or i.m./oral) had increased levels of IgA in both sera and Peyer's patches. This study demonstrates the ability to induce long-term immunity against H. pylori, provides correlates of protection, and illustrates the crucial role of the immunization route(s).
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Melanie E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ziman
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.forename: Jay V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Solnick
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vajdy
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013270:Stomach / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D018664:Interleukin-12