title: Evaluation of the clinical-diffusion and perfusion-diffusion mismatch models in DEFUSE.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The perfusion-diffusion mismatch (PDM) model has been proposed as a tool to select acute stroke patients who are most likely to benefit from reperfusion therapy. The clinical-diffusion mismatch (CDM) model is an alternative method that is technically less challenging because it does not require perfusion-weighted imaging. This study is an evaluation of these 2 models in the DEFUSE dataset.
  
  
  METHODS
  DEFUSE is an open-label multicenter study in which acute stroke patients were treated with intravenous tPA between 3 and 6 hours after symptoms onset and an MRI was obtained before and 3 to 6 hours after treatment. Presence of PDM and CDM was determined for each patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on conventional predefined mismatch criteria, PDM was present in 54% of the DEFUSE population and CDM in 62%. There was no agreement beyond chance between the 2 mismatch models (kappa 0.07). The presence of PDM was associated with an increased chance of favorable clinical response after reperfusion (OR, 5.4; P=0.039). Reperfusion was not associated with a significant increase in the rate of favorable clinical response in patients with CDM (OR, 2.2; P=0.34). Using optimized mismatch criteria, determined retrospectively based on DEFUSE data, the OR for favorable clinical response was 70 (P=0.001) for PDM and 5.1 (P=0.066) for CDM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PDM model appears to be more accurate than the CDM model for selecting patients who are likely to benefit from reperfusion therapy in the 3- to 6-hour time window.
authors.affiliation: Stanford Stroke Center, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. Lansberg@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Maarten G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Lansberg
authors.forename: Vincent N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Thijs
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: Gottfried
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schlaug
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bammer
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kemp
authors.forename: Gregory W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Albers
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004058:Diffusion; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D010477:Perfusion; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015424:Reperfusion / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000379:methods