title: Normal measurement of orbital structures: implications for the assessment of Graves' ophthalmopathy.
abstract: Compute tomography anatomy of the orbits is well described, but only a few reports are available on normal measurements of the extraocular muscles (EOM) and globe position (GP). We obtained CT images from patients who were referred to our department for CT of the paranasal sinuses using a standard protocol for evaluation of normal orbital measurements. Our study suggests that optimum results are attained with the use of a coronal scan at a window level and width setting that results in an optimum image at the maximum muscle width for assessment of EOM and an axial scan at the mid-GP for GP and interzygomatic line. Based on our normal values, a right-to-left ratio of more than 1.4 for EOM diameter or 1.2 for GP is indicative of asymmetry. An absolute diameter of EOM > 8 mm and GP < 2 mm are abnormal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kuwait University and Mubarak Al-Kabeer Teaching Hospital, Jabriya, Kuwait. mehraj@hsc.edu.kw
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sheikh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abalkhail
authors.forename: S A R
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: K A S
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Al-Shoumer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001837:Body Weights and Measures / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D049970:Graves Ophthalmopathy / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009915:Orbit / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012016:Reference Values; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*