title: A multi-center, comparative, phase 3 study to determine the efficacy of gadofosveset-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for evaluation of renal artery disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine prospectively the safety and efficacy of the blood-pool contrast agent gadofosveset trisodium in renal artery magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Gadofosveset (0.03 mmol/kg) was administered to adult patients with known or suspected renal arterial disease in a multi-center phase 3 single dose study. The drug binds reversibly to albumin, prolonging the blood residence time, and allowing collection of images in the first-pass and steady-state phases. The combination of these images was compared to non-contrast MRA, using catheter X-ray angiography (XRA) as the standard of reference (SOR). All MRA images were collected at 1.5 T in one imaging session for direct comparison, and XRA within 30 days. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosing significant disease (stenosis > or =50%) were calculated for MRA using three independent blinded readers. Patient safety was monitored for 72-96 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 145 patients at 18 centers were enrolled and received gadofosveset; the 127 with complete efficacy data entered the primary efficacy analysis. Gadofosveset-enhanced MRA led to significant improvement (p<0.01) in sensitivity (+25%, +26%, +42%), specificity (+23%, +25%, +29%), and accuracy (+23%, +28%, +29%) over non-enhanced MRA for the three readers. The rate of uninterpretable examinations decreased from 30% to less than 2%. There were no serious adverse events, and the most common adverse events were nausea, pruritus, and headache (8% each). No significant trends in clinical chemistry parameters, nor significant changes in serum creatinine, were found following administration of gadofosveset.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with known or suspected renal arterial disease, multi-phase gadofosveset-enhanced MRA significantly improves sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy versus non-enhanced MRA. Gadofosveset was safe and well tolerated in this patient population.
authors.affiliation: St. Boniface General Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McGregor
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vymazal
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martinez-Lopez
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Neuwirth
authors.forename: Perla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salgado
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Beregi
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peduto
authors.forename: Erasmo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de la Pena-Almaguer
authors.forename: Greg J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Slater
authors.forename: Kohkan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shamsi
authors.forename: Edward C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Parsons
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D012372:ROC Curve; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D005682:Gadolinium; C109932:gadofosveset trisodium