title: New tetrasilicate cements as retrograde filling material: an in vitro study on fluid penetration.
abstract: We aimed to compare the apical sealing ability of two experimental retrograde root-filling cements and mineral trioxide aggregate using a fluid filtration method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) were used to evaluate structural and qualitative characteristics. Thirty single-rooted extracted teeth were treated, root-end prepared, and obturated using MTA and two experimental cements. Fluid filtration was measured during a 5-minute period after 4, 24, and 48 hours and 1, 2, and 12 weeks. The results were statistically compared by using a two-way analysis of variance (p < 0.05). The marginal adaptation was evaluated by using a SEM replica technique. XRD analyses showed similar patterns. XRF showed lower amounts of SiO(2) and FeO(3) in the experimental cements. All cements showed a reduced fluid flow rate over time. No significant differences were found between the cements. The SEM replica indicated a good marginal adaptation to dentinal walls. Both experimental cements showed suitable properties as retrograde root-filling materials.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Biomineralogy, Crystallography and Biomaterials, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Gandolfi
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sauro
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mannocci
authors.forename: Timothy F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Silvano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zanna
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Capoferri
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prati
authors.forename: Romano
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mongiorgi
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000517:prevention & control; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003806:Dentin Permeability; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D016628:Replica Techniques; D012184:Retrograde Obturation / Q000379:methods*; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D012823:Silicate Cement / Q000737:chemistry; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003738:Dental Cements; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C472247:accelerated Portland cement; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D012823:Silicate Cement