title: Heterotrimeric G protein signaling in filamentous fungi.
abstract: Filamentous fungi are multicellular eukaryotic organisms known for nutrient recycling as well as for antibiotic and food production. This group of organisms also contains the most devastating plant pathogens and several important human pathogens. Since the first report of heterotrimeric G proteins in filamentous fungi in 1993, it has been demonstrated that G proteins are essential for growth, asexual and sexual development, and virulence in both animal and plant pathogenic filamentous species. Numerous G protein subunit and G protein-coupled receptor genes have been identified, many from whole-genome sequences. Several regulatory pathways have now been delineated, including those for nutrient sensing, pheromone response and mating, and pathogenesis. This review provides a comparative analysis of G protein pathways in several filamentous species, with discussion of both unifying themes and important unique signaling paradigms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA.
authors.forename: Liande
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Sara J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krystofova
authors.forename: Gyungsoon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Borkovich
mesh_terms: D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology; D005658:Fungi / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D020555:GTP-Binding Protein Regulators / Q000502:physiology; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D020555:GTP-Binding Protein Regulators; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins