title: Successful introduction of modified dorsolumbar epidural anesthesia in a bovine referral center.
abstract: This study describes the successful use of modified dorsolumbar epidural anesthesia with a fixed volume of anesthetic in a bovine referral center. Among the 130 Holstein cattle scheduled for flank surgery, 90 cattle received a mixed anesthetic consisting of 1 ml of xylazine hydrochloride and 3 ml of lidocaine hydrochloride by modified dorsolumbar epidural anesthesia. Eighteen cattle with dehydration and/or lameness received a mixed anesthetic containing 0.5 ml of xylazine and 3 ml of lidocaine. Infiltration anesthesia was performed in 22 cattle whose epidural space could not be reached in order to perform the flank surgery. The surgeries began about 12 min after the administration of the anesthetic and lasted for about 36 min. The modified method using a fixed volume of anesthetic was successfully introduced and effectively used in a bovine referral center. This modified method will allow veterinarians to save time and effort, thus lowering the cost of each surgery.
authors.affiliation: Hamanaka Branch of the Kushiro District Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, 85 Midori, Chanai, Hamanaka, Akkeshi, Hokkaido 080-1592, Japan.
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hiraoka
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyagawa
authors.forename: Hayato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Inhyung
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000601:surgery*; D004824:Epidural Space; D005260:Female; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D014991:Xylazine / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014991:Xylazine; D008012:Lidocaine