title: The einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum) mutant, maintained vegetative phase, is caused by a deletion in the VRN1 gene.
abstract: The einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum) mutant, maintained vegetative phase (mvp), was induced by nitrogen ion-beam treatment and was identified by its inability to transit from the vegetative to reproductive phase. In our previous study, we showed that WAP1 (wheat APETALA1) is a key gene in the regulatory pathway that controls phase transition from vegetative to reproductive growth in common wheat. WAP1 is an ortholog of the VRN1 gene that is responsible for vernalization insensitivity in einkorn wheat. The mvp mutation resulted from deletion of the VRN1 coding and promoter regions, demonstrating that WAP1/VRN1 is an indispensable gene for phase transition in wheat. Expression analysis of flowering-related genes in mvp plants indicated that wheat GIGANTIA (GI), CONSTANS (CO) and SUPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) genes either act upstream of or in a different pathway to WAP1/VRN1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shitsukawa
authors.forename: Chihiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ikari
authors.forename: Sanae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Hiromichi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ryuto
authors.forename: Nobuhisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fukunishi
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takumi
authors.forename: Shuhei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nasuda
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murai
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D009154:Mutation; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins