Clinical Results of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy at NIRS.
In 1994 a Phase I/II clinical study on carbon ion radiotherapy was begun at NIRS using HIMAC, which was then the world's only heavy ion accelerator complex dedicated to medical use in a hospital environment. Among several types of ion species, we have chosen carbon ions for cancer therapy because they had the most optimal properties in terms of possessing, both physically and biologically, the most effective dose-localization in the body. The purpose of the clinical study was to investigate the efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy against a variety of tumors as well as to develop effective techniques for delivering an efficient dose to the tumor. The RBE of carbon ions was estimated to be 2.0 to 3.0 along the SOBP for acute skin reactions. As of August 2006, a total of 2,867 patients had been entered into Phase I/II or Phase II studies and analyzed for toxicity and local tumor response. The results have shown that carbon ion radiotherapy has the potential ability to provide a sufficient dose to the tumor with acceptable morbidity in the surrounding normal tissues. Tumors that appear to respond favorably to carbon ions include locally advanced tumors and those with histologically non-squamous cell type of tumors such as adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, malignant melanoma, hepatoma, and bone/soft tissue sarcoma. By taking advantage of the biological and physical properties of high-LET radiation, the efficacy of treatment regimens with small fractions in short treatment times has been confirmed for almost all types of tumors in carbon ion radiotherapy.
Tsujii
Hirohiko
H
Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences.
Mizoe
Junetsu
J
Kamada
Tadashi
T
Baba
Masayuki
M
Tsuji
Hiroshi
H
Kato
Hirotoshi
H
Kato
Shingo
S
Yamada
Shigeru
S
Yasuda
Shigeo
S
Ohno
Tatsuya
T
Yanagi
Takeshi
T
Imai
Reiko
R
Kagei
Kenji
K
Kato
Hiroyuki
H
Hara
Ryusuke
R
Hasegawa
Azusa
A
Nakajima
Mio
M
Sugane
Norio
N
Tamaki
Noriaki
N
Takagi
Ryo
R
Kandatsu
Susumu
S
Yoshikawa
Kyosan
K
Kishimoto
Riwa
R
Miyamoto
Tadaaki
T
D002244:Carbon / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D063193:Heavy Ion Radiotherapy; D020450:Heavy Ions; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy
D002244:Carbon