title: Eugenol suppressed the expression of lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory mediators in human macrophages.
abstract: Eugenol is commonly used as an analgesic agent during acute pulpitis and is a major component of root canal sealers. Despite the frequent applications of eugenol in the practice of dentistry, little is known about the role of eugenol under the status of inflammation. This study was aimed to investigate the influence of eugenol on human macrophages (U937) under the stimulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Eugenol was shown to block the release of the bone resorbing mediators, including interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and prostaglandin E2 from LPS-stimulated macrophages. In contrast, eugenol alone did not alter the expression levels of these proinflammatory mediators in macrophages. Consistent with downregulation of bone-resorbing mediators, eugenol suppressed the messenger RNA expression of LPS-induced IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and cyclooxygenase-2 in macrophages. The results suggest a potential anti-inflammatory effect of eugenol in the acute inflamed pulps and apical periodontitis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Yun
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Shan-Ling
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Sheng-Fang
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Pai
authors.forename: Yuan-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Shue-Fen
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005054:Eugenol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005054:Eugenol; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone