title: Tuberculosis after renal transplantation.
abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in our country. Its diagnosis in immunodeficient patients is difficult. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the prevalence, clinical presentation, and outcome of TB after renal transplantation (RT) in our Tunisian team's experience. Among 359 renal transplant recipients, 9 (2.5%) developed TB at 49.6 months (range, 3-156 months) after RT. There were 7 men and 2 women of mean age 37.8 years (range, 15-53 years). The organs involved included lymph nodes in 1 case; lung in 5 cases; genitourinary system in 1 case; rachis in 1 case; pleural in 1 case; and both pulmonary and urinary systems in 1 case. The diagnosis was bacteriologic in 6 cases; histologic in 1 case; and 2 patients had a high index of suspicion. All patients were treated with a combination of rifampicin, isoniazide, pyrazinamide, and ethambutal. Recurrence of TB infection was noted in 3 cases with multiple localizations: lymph node, muscle abscess, meningitis, genitourinary system, rachis, and lung. Two patients died. In conclusion, among renal transplant patients, extrapulmonary involvement and recurrence of TB were frequent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine A, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia. hayet.kaarout@rns.tn
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaaroud
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beji
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Boubaker
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abderrahim
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ben Hamida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ben Abdallah
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: El Younsi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ben Moussa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kheder
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014416:Tunisia
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents