title: Interferon-beta inhibits liver metastases from murine colon 26 carcinoma and its highly metastatic variant.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The antitumor effects of Interferon-beta (IFN-beta) are due to its direct inhibition of cell proliferation, immunostimulatory activity, and the inhibition of angiogenesis. We investigated the mechanism of the effects of IFN-beta on a murine colon 26 cell line (CT 26) and its highly metastatic variant (L5).
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined its inhibitory effects on cell proliferation in vitro and the development of liver metastases in vivo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proliferation of CT 26 in vitro was inhibited by IFN-beta in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The number of metastases was reduced in mice inoculated with CT 26 (P<0.01) and L5 (P<0.01) on Day 14 after treatment with IFN-beta. The median survival rate of the mice inoculated with L5 administered IFN-beta every other day, or every day was higher than in the control group (P<0.05). A dorsal air sac assay demonstrated that IFN-beta inhibited angiogenesis in mice inoculated with CT 26, but the effects disappeared with aminoguanidine, an inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results showed that IFN-beta directly inhibits the proliferation of CT 26. In addition, the in vivo experiments suggested that IFN-beta might effectively inhibit liver metastases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, N15-W7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigechika
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kohashi
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shomura
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bairun
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Yoshie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Une
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishihira
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Todo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007370:Interferon Type I; D011994:Recombinant Proteins