title: Portable mass spectrometry for measurement of anaesthetic agents and methane in respiratory gases.
abstract: Monitoring the composition of gases breathed by anaesthetised patients requires measurement methods with fast responses, high accuracy and good reliability. There is also an increasing demand for systems to be able to monitor more than one target analyte simultaneously, but some gas analysers can be sensitive to the presence of methane gas in exhaled breath, consequently leading to inaccurate measurements of the anaesthetic agent. This study investigated the feasibility of employing portable quadrupole mass spectrometry to monitor volatile anaesthetic agents (halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane), methane accumulation in anaesthetic rebreathing systems, and inspired and exhaled carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations during equine anaesthesia in a clinical setting. The volatile anaesthetic agents were easily measurable and methane was detectable. The instrument had an advantage over short wavelength infrared absorption spectrometry analysers because it could monitor anaesthetic agents and other respiratory gases simultaneously and at extremely low concentrations, although further optimisation is required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GJ, UK.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dugdale
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001944:Breath Tests; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D008697:Methane / Q000032:analysis*; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000077149:Sevoflurane
chemical_list: D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D007530:Isoflurane; D008697:Methane; D006221:Halothane