title: Randomized study of basal-bolus insulin therapy in the inpatient management of patients with type 2 diabetes (RABBIT 2 trial).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to study the optimal management of hyperglycemia in non-intensive care unit patients with type 2 diabetes, as few studies thus far have focused on the subject.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective, multicenter, randomized trial to compare the efficacy and safety of a basal-bolus insulin regimen with that of sliding-scale regular insulin (SSI) in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 130 insulin-naive patients were randomized to receive glargine and glulisine (n = 65) or a standard SSI protocol (n = 65). Glargine was given once daily and glulisine before meals at a starting dose of 0.4 units x kg(-1) x day(-1) for blood glucose 140-200 mg/dl or 0.5 units x kg(-1) x day(-1) for blood glucose 201-400 mg/dl. SSI was given four times per day for blood glucose >140 mg/dl.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean admission blood glucose was 229 +/- 6 mg/dl and A1C 8.8 +/- 2%. A blood glucose target of <140 mg/dl was achieved in 66% of patients in the glargine and glulisine group and in 38% of those in the SSI group. The mean daily blood glucose between groups ranged from 23 to 58 mg/dl, with an overall blood glucose difference of 27 mg/dl (P < 0.01). Despite increasing insulin doses, 14% of patients treated with SSI remained with blood glucose >240 mg/dl. There were no differences in the rate of hypoglycemia or length of hospital stay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with insulin glargine and glulisine resulted in significant improvement in glycemic control compared with that achieved with the use of SSI alone. Our study indicates that a basal-bolus insulin regimen is preferred over SSI in the management of non-critically ill, hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: General Clinical Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Grady Health System, 49 Jesse Hill Jr. Dr., Atlanta, GA 30303, USA. geumpie@emory.edu
authors.forename: Guillermo E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Umpierrez
authors.forename: Dawn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smiley
authors.forename: Ariel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zisman
authors.forename: Luz M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palacio
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ceron
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Puig
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mejia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D000069036:Insulin Glargine