title: Water drinking induces thermogenesis through osmosensitive mechanisms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, we showed that drinking 500 ml water induces thermogenesis in normal-weight men and women.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We now repeated these studies in a randomized, controlled, crossover trial in overweight or obese otherwise healthy subjects (eight men and eight women), comparing also the effects of 500 ml isoosmotic saline or 50 ml water.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 500 ml water increased energy expenditure by 24% over the course of 60 min after ingestion, whereas isoosmotic saline and 50 ml water had no effect. Heart rate and blood pressure did not change in these young, healthy subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data exclude volume-related effects or gastric distension as the mediator of the thermogenic response to water drinking. Instead, we hypothesize the existence of a portal osmoreceptor, most likely an ion channel.
authors.affiliation: Franz Volhard Clinical Research Center and Helios-Klinikum-Berlin, Charité Campus Buch, Universitary Medicine Berlin, Wiltbergstrasse 50, Hs. 129, D-13125 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boschmann
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Steiniger
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Franke
authors.forename: Andreas L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Birkenfeld
authors.forename: Friedrich C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Luft
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jordan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004326:Drinking / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride