title: COMT val158Met and executive control: a test of the benefit of specific deficits to translational research.
abstract: The role of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) val158met in prefrontal cortical deficits associated with the liability to schizophrenia remains controversial. This study evaluated 464 healthy adult participants using three measures of executive functions in working memory: a 3-back version of the N-back continuous performance task (CPT) and two variants of the AX-CPT. The interpretability of N-back performance was confounded by possible generalized deficits, whereas the AX variants included internal controls for uncovering specific deficits. There was no relationship between the COMT genotype and N-back performance, whereas val/val individuals had a specific deficit on a dot-pattern version of the AX-CPT. In this case, a specific executive function known as context processing appeared to be compromised. These data suggest that the interpretability gained by including task manipulations to uncover specific deficits can enhance associations between cognitive and genetic levels of analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, USA. angus@umn.edu
authors.forename: Angus W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.forename: Cameron S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Janine D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Flory
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Ferrell
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Manuck
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002892:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008715:Methionine / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D014633:Valine / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D008715:Methionine; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase; D014633:Valine