title: Computer-aided joint space analysis of the metacarpal-phalangeal and proximal-interphalangeal finger joint: normative age-related and gender-specific data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to provide reference data for computer-aided joint space analysis based on a semi-automated and computer-aided diagnostic system for the measurement of metacarpal-phalangeal and proximal-interphalangeal finger joint widths; additionally, the determination of sex differences and the investigation of changes in joint width with age were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty hundred and sixty-nine patients (351 female and 518 male) received radiographs of the hand for trauma and were screened for a host of conditions known to affect the joint spaces. All participants underwent measurements of joint space distances at the metacarpal-phalangeal articulation (JSD-MCP) from the thumb to the small finger and at the proximal-interphalangeal articulation (JSD-PIP) from the index finger to the small finger using computer-aided diagnosis technology with semi-automated edge detection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study revealed an annual narrowing of the JSD of 0.6% for the JSD-MCP and for the JSD-PIP. Furthermore, the data demonstrated a notable age-related decrease in JSD, including an accentuated age-related joint space narrowing in women for both articulations. Additionally, males showed a significantly wider JSD-MCP (+11.1%) and JSD-PIP (+15.4%) compared with the female cohort in all age groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data presented gender-specific and age-related normative reference values for computer-aided joint space analysis of the JSD-MCP and JSD-PIP that could be used to identify disease-related joint space narrowing, particularly in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis commonly involving the peripheral small hand joints.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07747 Jena, Germany. alexander.pfeil@med.uni-jena.de
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pfeil
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Böttcher
authors.forename: Bettina E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Seidl
authors.forename: Jens-Peter
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Heyne
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petrovitch
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eidner
authors.forename: Hans-Joachim
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Mentzel
authors.forename: Gunter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hein
authors.forename: Werner A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Kaiser
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005384:Finger Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D050278:Finger Phalanges / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D050279:Metacarpal Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors