title: Antidepressant therapy (imipramine and citalopram) for irritable bowel syndrome: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The efficacy of antidepressants in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is controversial. No trials have directly compared a tricyclic with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Our aim was to determine whether imipramine and citalopram are efficacious in IBS.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group pilot trial with imipramine (50 mg) and citalopram (40 mg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 51 IBS patients randomized, baseline characteristics were comparable among the treatment arms; the majority was diarrhea-predominant. Adequate relief of IBS symptoms (primary endpoint) was similar for each treatment arm. Improvements in bowel symptom severity rating for interference (P = 0.05) and distress (P = 0.02) were greater with imipramine versus placebo, but improvements in abdominal pain were not. There was a greater improvement in depression score (P = 0.08) and in the SF-36 Mental Component Score (P = 0.07), with imipramine. Citalopram was not superior to placebo. Approximately 20% of the variance in scores was explained by treatment differences for abdominal pain, bowel symptom severity disability, depression and the mental component of the SF-36.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neither imipramine nor citalopram significantly improved global IBS endpoints over placebo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Nepean Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. talley.nicholas@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Talley
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kellow
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boyce
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tennant
authors.forename: Sandy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huskic
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015283:Citalopram / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007099:Imipramine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D015283:Citalopram; D007099:Imipramine