title: Heme oxygenase-1 gene promoter polymorphism is associated with risk of gastric adenocarcinoma and lymphovascular tumor invasion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene, which encodes an oxidative response protein, plays a role in cytoprotection. A (GT)n dinucleotide repeat in HO-1 promoter is polymorphic and modulates the transcriptional activity of the gene. A HO-1 gene promoter polymorphism was reported to be associated with the risks of lung adenocarcinoma and oral squamous cancer. In this study, the correlation between the HO-1 gene promoter polymorphism and the clinicopathological characteristics, along with the risk of gastric cancer, was analyzed.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the genotypic frequencies of (GT)n repeats in 183 gastric cancer patients and 250 control subjects by PCR-based genotyping and DNA sequencing. The length polymorphisms of (GT)n repeats were classified into short (S) component (n <or= 25), medium (M) component (26 <or= n <or= 30) and long (L) component (n >or= 31). The distribution of S, M and L components in patient and control groups were evaluated to determine the correlation with susceptibility and clinicopathological characteristics of gastric adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher frequencies of L-allele, L-allele carrier (S/L, M/L, L/L) and S/L genotype were found in gastric cancer patients. The frequencies of M-allele, M-allele carrier (M/M, M/L, M/S) and M/M genotype were significantly lower in patients with gastric cancer than controls. Furthermore, the frequency of lymphovascular tumor invasion was significantly lower in M-allele carriers compared to non-M-allele carriers (S/S, S/L, L/L) (p = 0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the long (GT)n repeat of HO-1 gene promoter was associated with a higher frequency of gastric adenocarcinoma, and the medium (GT)n repeat might possess protective effect against gastric adenocarcinoma with a lower frequency of lymphovascular invasion in tumors.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming University, No 201, Sec 2, Shih-Pai Rd, Taipei, Taiwan. sslo@vghtpe.gov.tw
authors.forename: Su-Shun
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Shu-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chew-Wun
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jen-Hao
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wen-I
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Ming-Yi
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Win-Yiu
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lui
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1