title: Diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma after therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prostate cancer is the most common cancer of men in the United States and is third only to lung and colon cancer as a cause of cancer death. In 2006, 27,350 Americans will die of prostate cancer, and 234,460 new cases will be diagnosed. Treatment changes in the benign and cancerous prostate create diagnostic challenges in pathologic interpretation, particularly in needle biopsy specimens and in evaluation of extraprostatic metastases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To summarize therapy-related pathologic findings in the prostate with emphasis on recognition of treated adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Extensive review of published literature and the authors' experience.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Following therapy for prostate cancer, it is critical that the clinician provide the pertinent history of androgen deprivation or radiation therapy to assist the pathologist in rendering the correct diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Bostwick Laboratories, 4355 Innslake Dr, Glen Allen, VA 23060, USA. mmcdonald@bostwicklaboratories.com
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Bostwick
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Meiers
mesh_terms: D058891:5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003452:Cryosurgery; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D011468:Prostatectomy; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D011878:Radiotherapy
chemical_list: D058891:5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors; D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen