title: Age estimation using carpals: study of a Slovenian sample to test Cameriere's method.
abstract: Carpals are often used as age indicators. In a recent study, Cameriere et al. studied the use of the ratio between the total area of carpal bones and epiphyses of the ulna and radius (Bo) and carpals (Ca) as age indicators. The present study, of a sample of 158 Slovenian children and adolescents aged between 6 and 16 years, focused on analysing the best regression for age estimation. The regression model yielded the following equation: age=-3.411+0.942 g+20.927(Bo/Ca), and explained 91.6% of total variance (R(2)=0.916). The median of the absolute values of residuals (observed age minus predicted age) was 0.09 years, with a quartile deviation of 0.786 years, and a standard error of estimate of 0.658 years. Comparisons between the previous equation referring to Slovenian children and the equivalent linear equation proposed by Cameriere et al. did not reveal any significant differences between the intercepts and slopes of the two linear models. These results suggested a common regression model for both Italian and Slovenian samples. The common regression model, describing age as a linear function of gender and Bo/Ca ratio, yielded the following linear regression formula: age=-2.907+0.408 g+20.757(Bo/Ca). This model explained 86% of total variance (R(2)=0.86). The median of the absolute values of residuals (observed age minus predicted age) was 0.02 years, with a quartile deviation of 1.02 years and a standard error of estimate of 0.96 years.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Macerata, Via Don Minzoni 9, 62100 Macerata, Italy. r.cameriere@unimc.it
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cameriere
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrante
authors.forename: Branko
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ermenc
authors.forename: Dora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mirtella
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Strus
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000365:Age Determination by Skeleton / Q000379:methods*; D002348:Carpal Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004838:Epiphyses / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D018732:Forensic Anthropology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011884:Radius / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017524:Slovenia; D014457:Ulna / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging