title: The impact of generic substitution on price competition in Finland.
abstract: Generic substitution by pharmacists was introduced in April 2003 in Finnish pharmaceutical markets. This article examines the impact of generic substitution on price development. This study examined all of the 2,100 substitutable drugs in Finland. The impact of generic substitution on price competition was significant. The average price of substitutable drugs decreased by more than 10%. However, the price development was uneven; some prices increased whereas others decreased by more than 50%. The most important factors that influenced the price development were the number of competitors, whether the drug was originator or generic and the width of the price band.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014, Helsinki, Finland. ville.aalto-setala@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Ville
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Aalto-Setälä
mesh_terms: D003132:Commerce / Q000191:economics; D016527:Drug Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004345:Drug Industry / Q000191:economics*; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000145:classification / Q000191:economics*; D016568:Drugs, Generic / Q000191:economics*; D004465:Economic Competition / Q000191:economics; D004656:Enalapril / Q000191:economics; D005387:Finland; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000191:economics; D018803:Models, Economic; D011899:Ranitidine / Q000191:economics
chemical_list: D016568:Drugs, Generic; D004656:Enalapril; D011899:Ranitidine; D007052:Ibuprofen