Current status of lupus genetics.
Over the past 40 years more than 100 genetic risk factors have been defined in systemic lupus erythematosus through a combination of case studies, linkage analyses of multiplex families, and case-control analyses of single genes. Multiple investigators have examined patient cohorts gathered from around the world, and although we doubt that all of the reported associations will be replicated, we have probably already discovered many of the genes that are important in lupus pathogenesis, including those encoding human leukocyte antigen-DR, Fcgamma receptor 3A, protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor 22, cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4, and mannose-binding lectin. In this review we will present what is known, what is disputed, and what remains to be discovered in the world of lupus genetics.
Sestak
Andrea L
AL
Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Arthritis and Immunology Research Program, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA. andrea-sestak@omrf.ouhsc.edu
Nath
Swapan K
SK
Sawalha
Amr H
AH
Harley
John B
JB
D008040:Genetic Linkage; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005823:Genetics / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000235:genetics*; D010375:Pedigree; D012307:Risk Factors