title: Chlorobenzoate inhibits growth and induces stress proteins in the PCB-degrading bacterium Burkholderia xenovorans LB400.
abstract: Aerobic bacteria, such as Burkholderia xenovorans LB400, are able to degrade a wide range of polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs). Generally, these bacteria are not able to transform chlorobenzoates (CBAs), which accumulate during PCB degradation. In this study, the effects of CBAs on the growth, the morphology and the proteome of Burkholderia xenovorans LB400 were analysed. 4-CBA and 2-CBA were observed to inhibit the growth of strain LB400 on glucose. Strain LB400 exposed to 4-CBA exhibited increased number and size of electron-dense granules in the cytoplasm, which could be polyphosphates. Two-dimensional (2-D) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to characterise the molecular response of strain LB400 to 4-CBA. This compound induced the enzymes BenD and CatA of benzoate and catechol catabolic pathways. The induction of molecular chaperones DnaK and HtpG by 4-CBA indicated that the exposure to this compound constitutes a stressful condition for this bacterium. Additionally, the induction of some Krebs cycle enzymes was observed, probably as response to cellular energy requirements. This study contributes to the knowledge on the effects of CBA on the PCB-degrader Burkholderia xenovorans LB400.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química, Millennium Nucleus of Microbial Ecology, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. España 1680, Valparaíso, Chile. michael.seeger@usm.cl
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Loreine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Agulló
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seeger
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019117:Burkholderia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D002723:Chlorobenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000379:methods; D020653:Peptide Elongation Factor G / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism*; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein
chemical_list: D002723:Chlorobenzoates; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D020653:Peptide Elongation Factor G; D020543:Proteome; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls