Innate immunity to respiratory viruses.
Pattern recognition receptors are critically involved in the development of innate and adaptive antiviral immunity. Innate immune activation by viruses may occur via cell surface, intracellular and cytosolic pattern recognition receptors. These receptors sense viral components and may activate unique downstream pathways to generate antiviral immunity. In this article, we summarize the pattern recognition receptors that recognize major human respiratory viral pathogens, including influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus. We also provide an overview of the current knowledge of regulation of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines in viral infection.
Wang
Jennifer P
JP
Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
Kurt-Jones
Evelyn A
EA
Finberg
Robert W
RW
D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000378:metabolism; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D014780:Viruses / Q000276:immunology
D016207:Cytokines; D007370:Interferon Type I; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition