Matrix metalloproteinase 2: an important genetic marker for cholesteatomas.
OBJECTIVE
This study is to determine the MMP2s presence in cholesteatomas and whether complicating cholesteatomas show a higher immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2. Cholesteatoma produces enzymes that cause bone erosion like matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2).


METHODS
We analyzed the expression of MMP2 in invasive (causing complications) compared to latent cholesteatomas (not causing complications). A cross-sectional study with nineteen slides and paraffin blocks of cholesteatomas derived from mastoidectomies were located and processed, including 8 invasive and 11 latent cholesteatomas. Immunohistochemical technique was empregated to MMP2.


RESULTS
The results are expressed as 0, + (to low), ++ and +++(high) according to the quantity and color of the immunohistochemical staining of MMP2. Higher expression of MMP2 was observed in 7 (87.5%) of the 8 invasive cholesteatomas. With respect to latent cholesteatomas, higher expression of MMP2 was observed in 27.3% (3 cases), with Fishers exact test indicating a significant difference (p=0.015).


CONCLUSIONS
Cholesteatoamas express MMP2 and Invasive cholesteatomas had high MMP2 compared to latent cholesteatomas.
Morales
Douglas Salmazo Rocha
DS
University Hospital, USP, São Paulo, Brazil. douglas.morales@uol.com.br
Penido
Norma de Oliveira
Nde O
da Silva
Ismael Dale Coltrin Guerreiro
ID
Stávale
João Norberto
JN
Guilherme
Arnaldo
A
Fukuda
Yotaka
Y
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D018424:Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness
D015415:Biomarkers; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2