The function of actin in gene transcription.
Recent developments in the field of gene transcription regulation have unfolded a key role for actin as an important co-factor for all three eukaryotic RNA polymerases. In this review article we discuss the latest findings on actin in transcription of protein-coding and ribosomal genes, in complex with specific hnRNP proteins and a form of myosin 1beta which is entirely localized to the cell nucleus. Based on these recent studies, we propose a general model where actin may function in basal gene transcription as an allosteric regulator, to recruit transcriptional co-activators on active genes. A future challenge will be the identification of the polymerization state of actin in gene transcription and how it is mechanistically regulated.
Obrdlik
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Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Nobel Institute, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Kukalev
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Percipalle
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D000199:Actins / Q000502:physiology*; D000494:Allosteric Regulation; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D008954:Models, Biological; D009218:Myosins / Q000502:physiology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D000199:Actins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins; D012319:RNA Polymerase II; D009218:Myosins