title: Renin-angiotensin-system gene polymorphisms and depression.
abstract: Given the abundance of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components in the brain, their importance in behavior and cognition, and the data that implicates them in the etiology and treatment of depression, it is possible that those RAS gene polymorphisms associated with increased RAS activity may also be associated with depression. The frequencies of common polymorphisms of genes encoding for components of the RAS, namely angiotensinogen (M235T), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) (insertion, I; deletion, D), angiotensin receptor type I (A1166C), and angiotensin receptor type II (C3123A) were determined in DNA extracted from buccal cells from a Lebanese population of 132 depressed patients and their first-degree relative case-controls. The angiotensin receptor type 1 (A1166C) CC genotype was significantly associated with depression (p=0.036). None of the other common RAS-associated polymorphisms were significantly associated. The results support the hypothesis that increased RAS activity may increase relative risk of depression in that the angiotensin receptor type 1 (A1166C) CC genotype is associated with increased responsiveness to angiotensin II.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon. ysaab@lau.edu.lb
authors.forename: Yolande B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Saab
authors.forename: Paul R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Gard
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Yeoman
authors.forename: Bechara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mfarrej
authors.forename: Habib
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: El-Moalem
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ingram
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000502:physiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D000804:Angiotensin II; D004247:DNA; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A