title: Disruption of URA7 and GAL6 improves the ethanol tolerance and fermentation capacity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: Screening of the homozygous diploid yeast deletion pool of 4741 non-essential genes identified two null mutants (Deltaura7 and Deltagal6) that grew faster than the wild-type strain in medium containing 8% v/v ethanol. The survival rate of the gal6 disruptant in 10% ethanol was higher than that of the wild-type strain. On the other hand, the glucose consumption rate of the ura7 disruptant was better than that of the wild-type strain in buffer containing ethanol. Both disruptants were more resistant to zymolyase, a yeast lytic enzyme containing mainly beta-1,3-glucanase, indicating that the integrity of the cell wall became more resistance to ethanol stress. The gal6 disruptant was also more resistant to Calcofluor white, but the ura7 disruptant was more sensitive to Calcofluor white than the wild-type strain. Furthermore, the mutant strains had a higher content of oleic acid (C18 : 1) in the presence of ethanol compared to the wild-type strain, suggesting that the disruptants cope with ethanol stress not only by modifying the cell wall integrity but also the membrane fluidity. When the cells were grown in medium containing 5% ethanol at 15 degrees C, the gal6 and ura7 disruptants showed 40% and 14% increases in the glucose consumption rate, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yazawa
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwahashi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uemura
mesh_terms: D000626:Aminopeptidases; D019731:Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000502:physiology; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D057056:Cysteine Proteases; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D000431:Ethanol; D057056:Cysteine Proteases; D000626:Aminopeptidases; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; C077486:LAP3 protein, S cerevisiae; D019731:Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases; C019951:CTP synthetase; D005947:Glucose