title: The catechol-O-methyltransferase Met158 low-activity allele and association with nonvertebral fracture risk in elderly men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because sex steroids play an important role in bone development, variants in genes encoding proteins involved in estrogen synthesis and metabolism could contribute to interindividual variation in bone parameters and fracture risk. An example is catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), an estrogen-degrading enzyme involved in inactivation of catechol-estrogens. Its gene contains a functional valine to methionine substitution at codon 158.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to determine whether this polymorphism is associated with bone parameters and fracture risk in elderly subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  COMT genotypes were determined using TaqMan allelic discrimination in 2515 men and 3554 women from the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort study of individuals aged 55 and older. Associations with bone mineral density (BMD) and bone loss were analyzed using ANOVA or analysis of covariance, whereas fracture risk was analyzed using Cox's proportional hazard regression analysis. COMT mRNA expression in three osteoblastic cell lines (SaOS, MG63, and SVHFO) was analyzed by RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Male carriers of the Met(158) allele had an increased risk for osteoporotic fractures (hazard ratio = 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-2.4) and for fragility fractures (hazard ratio = 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-5.9), with evidence for a dominant effect. Adjustments for age, height, weight, and BMD did not change the risk estimates. In women, this association was weaker and not significant. BMD was not significantly associated with the variant in either men or women. COMT mRNA was expressed in all three osteoblastic cell lines tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The COMT Val158Met polymorphism is associated with fracture risk in elderly men, through a mechanism independent of BMD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lisette
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stolk
authors.forename: Joyce B J
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: van Meurs
authors.forename: Mila
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jhamai
authors.forename: Pascal P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Arp
authors.forename: Johannes P T
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.forename: Frank H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: Huibert A P
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Pols
authors.forename: André G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Uitterlinden
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D000735:Androstenedione / Q000097:blood; D000886:Anthropometry; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D004967:Estrogens / Q000097:blood; D004970:Estrone / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008715:Methionine / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012306:Risk; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004970:Estrone; D013739:Testosterone; D000735:Androstenedione; D004958:Estradiol; D008715:Methionine; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase