title: Moderate hyperglycaemia is associated with favourable outcome in acute lacunar stroke.
abstract: Hyperglycaemia in acute ischaemic stroke is traditionally associated with a worsened outcome. However, it is unclear whether the impact of hyperglycaemia on stroke outcome is similar in lacunar and non-lacunar infarctions. The relation between serum glucose measured within 6 h after stroke onset and functional outcome was investigated in 1375 ischaemic stroke patients who had been included in two placebo-controlled trials with lubeluzole. The endpoint was a favourable outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score < or =2 at 3 months. Classification into lacunar (n = 168) and non-lacunar (n = 1207) strokes was based on clinical criteria according to the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project and findings on brain CT scan. Hyperglycaemia was defined as blood glucose >8 mmol/l. A possible concentration-dependent effect of glucose on outcome was investigated in both lacunar and non-lacunar stroke. Multivariate analysis showed that hyperglycaemia was associated with decreased odds of a favourable outcome in non-lacunar stroke (OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.41-0.88, P = 0.009), but with increased odds of a favourable outcome in lacunar stroke (multivariate OR for glucose >8 mmol/l: 2.70; 95% CI 1.01-7.13, P = 0.048). In non-lacunar stroke, there appeared to be a concentration-effect relation, as the odds of favourable outcome gradually decreased with increasing glucose levels. In lacunar stroke, an association with favourable outcome was observed with glucose levels >8 mmol/l, but this beneficial effect diminished with more severe hyperglycaemia >12 mmol/l. In conclusion, hyperglycaemia has a detrimental effect in non-lacunar stroke, but moderate hyperglycaemia may be beneficial in lacunar stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Maarten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uyttenboogaart
authors.forename: Marcus W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: Roy E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Patrick C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Vroomen
authors.forename: Gert-Jan
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Luijckx
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Keyser
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D020520:Brain Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010880:Piperidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010880:Piperidines; D013844:Thiazoles; C097722:lubeluzole