title: Experiences of infertility: liminality and the role of the fertility clinic.
abstract: This paper explores the experiences of infertile women who occupy a liminal space in society, and argues that the fertility clinic served as a space to tolerate women's experiences of liminality. It provided not only rituals aimed at transition to pregnancy, but also a space where women's liminal experiences, which are caused by the existential chaos of infertility, could be tolerated. The British experience seemed to differ from the American one identified in the literature, where self-management and peer group support are described as strategies used by infertile women to manage infertility. The British women in this study did not appear to draw so much on self-management or peer group support to deal with their experiences of infertility. They appeared to be isolated in their experience. The clinic thus provided a space in which recognition was given to their intensely private experiences of difference from those in the outside fertile world and allowed them to manage these socially unacceptable, culturally taboo and invisible experiences. However, because of its very limited success rate in enabling women to become pregnant, rather than facilitating the transition of status from infertile to fertile woman, the clinic also served to reinforce the liminal experiences of those women who remained infertile. Inadvertently, the clinic offered a way of being in limbo while at the same time reinforcing the liminal experiences of women.
authors.affiliation: University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK. h.allan@surrey.ac.uk
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Allan
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000523:psychology; D000884:Anthropology, Cultural; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D033062:Friends / Q000523:psychology; D006117:Grief; D006803:Human Development; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008016:Life Change Events; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted / Q000523:psychology*; D012649:Self Concept; D012657:Self-Help Groups; D012934:Social Isolation; D012944:Social Support; D012945:Social Values; D012951:Socialization; D013240:Stereotyping; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom