title: Effect of external or internal fecal contamination on numbers of bacteria on prechilled broiler carcasses.
abstract: During processing, fecal material may contact broiler carcasses externally or internally. A study was conducted to determine the effect of external vs. internal fecal contamination on numbers of bacteria on broiler carcasses. In each of 3 trials, 12 carcasses just prior to evisceration were obtained from a commercial processing plant, placed on a shackle line, and eviscerated with commercial equipment in a pilot scale processing plant. Also, approximately 20 intestinal tracts were collected from the processing plant; then cecal contents were collected and pooled. One gram of cecal content was placed on the exterior breast skin (external), inside the carcass cavity (internal), or not applied (control). All carcasses were held 10 min, then placed on the shackle line and passed through a commercial inside-outside bird washer set at 552 kPa, 5 s dwell time, using approximately 189 L per min of tap water at ambient temperature. After a 1-min drip, whole carcass rinses were conducted on each carcass, and coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Campylobacter counts were determined and reported as log cfu/mL of rinse. External carcass contamination resulted in significantly higher (P<0.05) coliform, E. coli, and Campylobacter numbers than internal contamination (5.0 vs. 4.5, 4.9 vs. 4.2, and 3.6 vs. 2.6, respectively). Control carcass counts were significantly lower than external or internal carcass contamination counts for coliforms (3.7), E. coli (3.6), and Campylobacter (2.2). External contamination resulted in higher numbers of bacteria after carcass washing, but carcasses with internal contamination still have higher numbers of bacteria after washing than carcasses without applied contamination.
authors.affiliation: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Richard B. Russell Research Center, Athens, GA 30605, USA. douglas.smith@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Northcutt
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cason
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hinton
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Buhr
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Ingram
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002432:Cecum / Q000382:microbiology; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005525:Food-Processing Industry / Q000592:standards; D006920:Hygiene; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology*