title: Intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy using carboplatin: a phase I analysis in ovarian carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cyclic platinum-based intraperitoneal chemotherapy has proven to be effective after optimal surgical cytoreduction in ovarian carcinoma. Hyperthermia is directly cytotoxic and enhances chemotherapy tumoricidal effects. This study was designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of carboplatin used intraoperatively as intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy (IPHC), the effect on postoperative systemic chemotherapy administration, and the potential for repeat IPHC at second look surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the ThermoChem HT System, escalating doses of carboplatin (400, 600, 800, 1000, and 1200 mg/m(2)) were administered intraoperatively as IPHC with a perfusion time of 90 min. A subgroup of eight patients that received initial IPHC and subsequent systemic chemotherapy underwent second look reassessment surgery with IPHC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The first 4 dose levels were well tolerated without dose-defining toxicity. The initial two patients treated at 1200 mg/m(2) developed grade 4 myelosuppression thus defining the MTD at 1000 mg/m(2). Newly diagnosed ovarian cancer patients receiving the initial IPHC at the MTD defined above completed standard systemic chemotherapy with six courses of systemic chemotherapy. Eight patients having initial IPHC and systemic chemotherapy subsequently had repeat IPHC performed at second look laparotomy without grade 3 or 4 toxicities. Four patients were found to have extensive adhesions at the time of second look reassessment surgery yet completed IPHC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MTD for intraperitoneal carboplatin administered as IPHC was established at 1000 mg/m(2). IPHC at the initial cytoreductive procedure did not preclude subsequent systemic chemotherapy. In addition, repetitive IPHC was feasible at second look reassessment surgery.
authors.affiliation: Section on Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. slentz@wfubmc.edu <slentz@wfubmc.edu>
authors.forename: Samuel S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lentz
authors.forename: Brigitte E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Gregory L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Kucera
authors.forename: Edward A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016190:Carboplatin