title: Effect of level of metabolizable protein on milk production and nitrogen utilization in lactating dairy cows.
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the level of metabolizable protein (MP) on milk production and nitrogen utilization in Chinese Holstein dairy cows. Forty multiparous dairy cows (body weight = 590 kg; days in milk = 135; average milk yield = 30.2 kg/d) were assigned to treatments randomly within groups based on days in milk and milk production. Animals were offered diets with different levels of MP: 8.3% (diet A), 8.9% (diet B), 9.7% (diet C), and 10.4% (diet D) of dry matter. The MP level in diet A was designed to meet the current Chinese National Station of Animal Production and Health guidelines, whereas that in diet D was based on the National Research Council (2001) model. The experiment lasted for 7 wk. Milk yield and milk composition (fat, protein, and lactose) were recorded, and urea nitrogen concentrations in serum, urine, and milk were measured during the experiment. Milk yield and milk protein percentage increased as the MP increased up to 9.7% of dry matter, and then leveled off. Concentrations of nitrogen in urine, serum, and milk increased linearly as the amount of MP was increased, indicating decreased efficiency of nitrogen utilization. Milk lactose percentage and total solids percentage showed no significant differences among the 4 diets. We concluded that the optimal dietary MP level was at 9.6% of dry matter for Chinese Holstein dairy cows producing 30 kg of milk per day.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dairy Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J X
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Z P
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000032:analysis; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D007774:Lactation / Q000378:metabolism; D007785:Lactose / Q000032:analysis; D066292:Lipid Droplets; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000187:drug effects; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D006017:Glycolipids; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008894:Milk Proteins; C110367:milk fat globule; D007785:Lactose; D009584:Nitrogen