title: [Mechanical bowel preparation. A necessity or nothing more (or less) than the weight of tradition?].
abstract: Mechanical bowel preparation is a traditional procedure for preparing patients for colorectal surgery. This practice aims to reduce the risk of postoperative infectious complications since colonic fecal content has classically been related to stool spillage during surgery and anastomotic disruption. However, increasing evidence against its routine use can be found in experimental studies, clinical observations, prospective studies, and meta-analyses. We performed a review of the literature on mechanical bowel preparation and its consequences. There is no clear evidence that preoperative bowel cleansing reduces the septic complications of surgery and routine use of this procedure may increase anastomotic leaks and morbidity. Therefore, the results suggest that mechanical preparation is not required in elective colon and rectal surgery and that its use should be restricted to specific indications such as small nonpalpable tumors to aid their localization during laparoscopic procedures or to enable intraoperative colonoscopy. The role of mechanical bowel preparation in rectal surgery is not well defined and further trials with a larger number of patients are required.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestiva, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España. jvroigvila@aecirujanos.es
authors.forename: José V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Roig
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Armengol
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alós
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Solana
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Carrillo
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galindo
authors.forename: M Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Fabra
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López-Delgado
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Romero
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003106:Colon / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012007:Rectum / Q000601:surgery*