title: Effects of housing condition on experimental outcome in a reproduction toxicity study.
abstract: In most toxicity studies single housing is still preferred, as social stress is believed to have an effect on experimental outcome through interaction with the toxic compound or by increasing variation. There are also arguments that single housing will have a similar effect. In this study the qualitative and quantitative effects of single- and social housing of rats has been investigated on immune- and endocrine responses, histopathology and body- and organ weights in a one-generation endocrine disrupter study (OECD 415) in rats exposed to tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA). The results of this study show that differences in parameters between the housing conditions were rarely noted. Striking results of the study are that in several parameters significant differences were noted in the un-dosed control group in single versus group housed animals, meaning that TBBPA can mask or enhance housing effects, or vice versa. In one case single housing altered the effect of the toxic compound. Depending on the endpoints of the study, the type of housing condition must be taken into consideration as findings like these could have great implications for the interpretation and validity of results from toxicological assays and the number of animals needed to detect significant effects of toxic compounds.
authors.affiliation: Utrecht University, Department of Animals, Science & Society, Utrecht, The Netherlands. c.m.verwer@vet.uu.nl
authors.forename: Cynthia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Verwer
authors.forename: Leo T M
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: van der Ven
authors.forename: Ruud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van den Bos
authors.forename: Coenraad F M
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Hendriksen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000633:toxicity; D006799:Housing, Animal; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D012919:Social Behavior; D012934:Social Isolation; D013315:Stress, Psychological
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D005411:Flame Retardants; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; C020806:tetrabromobisphenol A