title: Wilms tumor suppressor WTX negatively regulates WNT/beta-catenin signaling.
abstract: Aberrant WNT signal transduction is involved in many diseases. In colorectal cancer and melanoma, mutational disruption of proteins involved in the degradation of beta-catenin, the key effector of the WNT signaling pathway, results in stabilization of beta-catenin and, in turn, activation of transcription. We have used tandem-affinity protein purification and mass spectrometry to define the protein interaction network of the beta-catenin destruction complex. This assay revealed that WTX, a protein encoded by a gene mutated in Wilms tumors, forms a complex with beta-catenin, AXIN1, beta-TrCP2 (beta-transducin repeat-containing protein 2), and APC (adenomatous polyposis coli). Functional analyses in cultured cells, Xenopus, and zebrafish demonstrate that WTX promotes beta-catenin ubiquitination and degradation, which antagonize WNT/beta-catenin signaling. These data provide a possible mechanistic explanation for the tumor suppressor activity of WTX.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Box 357370, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Major
authors.forename: Nathan D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Camp
authors.forename: Jason D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Berndt
authors.forename: Xianhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Seth J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Goldenberg
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hubbert
authors.forename: Travis L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Biechele
authors.forename: Anne-Claude
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Gingras
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Maccoss
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Angers
authors.forename: Randall T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Moon
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D060466:Axin Protein; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D016162:Genes, Wilms Tumor; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D011485:Protein Binding; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D040901:Proteomics; D034622:RNA Interference; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000378:metabolism; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D015027:Zebrafish; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism*; D044844:beta-Transducin Repeat-Containing Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C517118:AMER1 protein, human; C555451:AXIN1 protein, human; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein; D060466:Axin Protein; C471645:FBXW11 protein, human; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; C555454:axin1 protein, Xenopus; D051176:beta Catenin; D044844:beta-Transducin Repeat-Containing Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases