title: Evaluation of the resazurin assay for the detection of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Madagascar.
abstract: METHODS
  Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) can jeopardise the success of national TB control programmes. Rapid, simple drug susceptibility tests applicable in developing countries would allow earlier treatment of patients with MDR infections.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test the feasibility and performance of the resazurin microtitre assay (REMA) as an indirect test for detecting isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RMP) resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in Madagascar.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study comparing the sensitivity and specificity of the REMA plate test with the Löwenstein-Jensen proportion method for determining the resistance of M. tuberculosis strains to INH and RMP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sensitivity and specificity of the resazurin test were studied in 77 strains and were respectively 95% and 97.3% for the detection of INH resistance, and 95% and 100% for the detection of RMP resistance. The sensitivity and specificity for the identification of MDR strains were respectively 89% and 100%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The resazurin test is sensitive and specific enough for the detection of INH- and RMP-resistant strains. It is also easy to use, rapid and inexpensive, making it suitable for developing countries. Its usefulness for national drug resistance surveys should be assessed.
authors.affiliation: Unité des Mycobactéries, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rivoire
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ravololonandriana
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rasolonavalona
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Portaels
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ramarokoto
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rasolofo Razanamparany
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003124:Colorimetry; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008270:Madagascar; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010078:Oxazines; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D014966:Xanthenes
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010078:Oxazines; D014966:Xanthenes; C005843:resazurin; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin