title: Coagulation and complement protein differences between septic and uninfected systemic inflammatory response syndrome patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) represents a host response to various insults. Recent advances have demonstrated an interconnection between inflammation, complement, and coagulation. This experiment was designed to evaluate differences in plasma protein profiles between clinically identical patients: septic versus uninfected SIRS patients, prior to clinical diagnosis of infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients admitted to an intensive care unit of a major university, meeting two of four SIRS criteria were followed prospectively for development of sepsis. Plasma samples were collected daily and divided into two groups: a preseptic group that subsequently developed sepsis and a SIRS group that remained uninfected. Protein profiling was accomplished by three-dimensional liquid chromatography fractionation with electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry after immunodepletion of abundant proteins and a trypsin digest. Spectra peaks were identified using Agilent Technologies Spectrum Mill Workbench software. Relevance to biologic pathways was analyzed and statistical significance determined with DAVID 2.1 available at the National Institutes of Health.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 134 unique proteins were significantly different between groups. Thirty-two of these (23.5%) mapped to the complement and coagulation cascade (KEGG), 10 (7.5%) mapped to classic complement pathway; 11 (8.2%) mapped to complement pathway, and 8 (6.0%) mapped to lectin binding complement pathway (Biocarta). These pathways were all significantly (p<0.0001) over-represented in sepsis patients compared to SIRS-only patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using novel mass spectrometry methodology, we were able to demonstrate differential protein profiles in septic versus uninfected SIRS patients prior to clinical diagnosis of sepsis.
authors.affiliation: R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore 21201, USA. mlissauer@umm.edu
authors.forename: Matthew E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Lissauer
authors.forename: Steven B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Siuzdak
authors.forename: Grant
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bochicchio
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Whiteford
authors.forename: Bill
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nussbaumer
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Scalea
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016638:Critical Illness; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices
chemical_list: D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; D003165:Complement System Proteins