title: Coagulopathy after cardiac surgery may be influenced by a functional plasminogen activator inhibitor polymorphism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cytokine-mediated inflammation and coagulopathy may occur after cardiac surgery. In this study we investigated the temporal pattern of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene expression after cardiac surgery and its relation with PAI genotype, and obtained preliminary data regarding its relation to perioperative morbidity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The relative change in PAI-1 mRNA 1, 6, and 24 h after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was measured from mononuclear cells in 82 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. DNA was analyzed for carriage of the 4G/5G PAI-1 polymorphism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PAI-1 gene expression decreased after CPB in all patients. A larger reduction in PAI-1 gene expression was observed in homozygous carriers of the 5G allele. Homozygous carriers of the 5G allele were also more likely to receive transfusion of coagulation blood products. There was no relation between change in PAI-1 gene expression and duration of CPB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PAI-1 gene expression decreased over time after CPB. We found a link between PAI-1 genotype, PAI gene expression, and transfusion of coagulation products after cardiac surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Edel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Duggan
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: O'Dwyer
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Caraher
authors.forename: Dara
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Diviney
authors.forename: Eilis
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McGovern
authors.forename: Dermot
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kelleher
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McManus
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ryan
mesh_terms: D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D013504:Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1