title: Deep fungal dermatitis in three inland bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) caused by the Chrysosporium anamorph of Nannizziopsis vriesii.
abstract: The Chrysosporium anamorph of Nannizziopsis vriesii (CANV), a keratinophilic fungus that naturally and experimentally causes severe and often fatal dermatitis in multiple reptile species, was isolated in pure culture from skin samples of three inland bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) with deep granulomatous dermatomycosis. The first animal presented with a focal maxillary swelling involving the skin and gingiva. This lizard died while undergoing itraconazole and topical miconazole therapy. The second presented with focally extensive discoloration and thickening of the skin of the ventrum and was euthanized after 10 weeks of itraconazole therapy. A third lizard presented with hyperkeratotic exudative dermatitis on a markedly swollen forelimb. Amputation and itraconazole therapy resulted in a clinical cure. Histopathology of tissue biopsies in all cases demonstrated granulomatous dermatitis with intralesional hyphae morphologically consistent with those produced by the CANV. The second lizard also had granulomatous hepatitis with intralesional hyphae. Evidence in this report suggests that the CANV is the etiologic agent of an emerging condition in captive bearded dragons that has been called 'yellow fungus disease'.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin - Madison, USA.
authors.forename: Michelle R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bowman
authors.forename: Jean A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Paré
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sigler
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Naeser
authors.forename: Kurt K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Sladky
authors.forename: Chris S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Hanley
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Helmer
authors.forename: Lynette A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brower
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Porter
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000473:pathology; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001706:Biopsy; D002912:Chrysosporium / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D003881:Dermatomycoses / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D005552:Forelimb / Q000473:pathology; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology; D006099:Granuloma / Q000473:pathology; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D025301:Hyphae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008116:Lizards / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D008825:Miconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017964:Itraconazole; D008825:Miconazole