title: Hormone therapy and coronary heart disease in young women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Because the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial (WHI RCT) primarily studied older women, it is unresolved whether hormone therapy might prevent coronary heart disease in younger women. Given the similarity between our UK General Practice Research Database (GPRD) study of older women and the WHI RCT, the GPRD methodology was used to study a cohort of younger women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women ages 50 to 55 years were investigated using data from the GPRD to simulate the WHI RCT in a manner similar to our initial study of older women. This study compared 30,102 unexposed and 20,654 exposed women treated with conjugated estrogens and norgestrel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Myocardial infarction was not altered significantly by hormone therapy (adjusted hazard ratio 0.91; 95% CI, 0.69-1.20). Stroke, venous thromboembolic events, breast cancer, and hip fracture were similar to both the GPRD study of older women and the WHI RCT. Although death was decreased in the total cohort, similar to older women, it was not altered significantly in a subset without missing covariate data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The similar results of the GPRD studies in younger and older women and between the GPRD and the WHI RCT suggest that hormone therapy does not prevent coronary heart disease in younger postmenopausal women. This study also demonstrates that investigation using a primary care electronic medical record database can expand the generalizability of findings from an RCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Barnhart
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Tannen
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016347:Medical Records Systems, Computerized / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008593:Menopause / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000517:prevention & control; D009644:Norgestrel / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000379:methods; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D009644:Norgestrel