title: Global gene expression analysis of the mouse colonic mucosa treated with azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic inflammation is well known to be a risk factor for colon cancer. Previously we established a novel mouse model of inflammation-related colon carcinogenesis, which is useful to examine the involvement of inflammation in colon carcinogenesis. To shed light on the alterations in global gene expression in the background of inflammation-related colon cancer and gain further insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying inflammation-related colon carcinogenesis, we conducted a comprehensive DNA microarray analysis using our model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male ICR mice were given a single ip injection of azoxymethane (AOM, 10 mg/kg body weight), followed by the addition of 2% (w/v) dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to their drinking water for 7 days, starting 1 week after the AOM injection. We performed DNA microarray analysis (Affymetrix GeneChip) on non-tumorous mucosa obtained from mice that received AOM/DSS, AOM alone, and DSS alone, and untreated mice at wks 5 and 10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Markedly up-regulated genes in the colonic mucosa given AOM/DSS at wk 5 or 10 included Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (Wif1, 48.5-fold increase at wk 5 and 5.7-fold increase at wk 10) and plasminogen activator, tissue (Plat, 48.5-fold increase at wk 5), myelocytomatosis oncogene (Myc, 3.0-fold increase at wk 5), and phospholipase A2, group IIA (platelets, synovial fluid) (Plscr2, 8.0-fold increase at wk 10). The notable down-regulated genes in the colonic mucosa of mice treated with AOM/DSS were the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor binding protein (Pparbp, 0.06-fold decrease at wk 10) and the transforming growth factor, beta 3 (Tgfb3, 0.14-fold decrease at wk 10). The inflammation-related gene, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (Ppargamma 0.38-fold decrease at wk 5), was also down-regulated in the colonic mucosa of mice that received AOM/DSS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report describing global gene expression analysis of an AOM/DSS-induced mouse colon carcinogenesis model, and our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of inflammation-related colon carcinogenesis and the establishment of novel therapies and preventative strategies against carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncologic Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan. rikako@kanazawa-med.ac.jp <rikako@kanazawa-med.ac.jp>
authors.forename: Rikako
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugie
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001397:Azoxymethane / Q000633:toxicity*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D016264:Dextran Sulfate / Q000633:toxicity*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D001397:Azoxymethane