title: Prediction of deterioration of mild cognitive impairment with CT and SPECT.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition referring to persons with significant memory impairment, often accompanied by functional deficits in the attention, language, visuospatial, and psychomotor domains, who do not fulfill the criteria for dementia. Individuals with MCI are at an increased risk of developing dementia. The objective of this study was to examine baseline differences between MCI subjects who did or did not deteriorate at follow-up on measures of cognition and neuroimaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  MCI individuals (n=105) enrolled in a longitudinal study at the Alzheimer's Day Clinic in Warsaw received annual clinical and psychometric examinations for up to a mean of three years. At baseline, all patients received temporal lobe-oriented CT and 99mTc HMPAO SPECT. The diagnosis of MCI according to Mayo Clinic Petersen's Criteria was conducted by a panel of specialists and neuropsychological testing was completed on all subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After three years of follow-up, 42 subjects remained stable or had improved (8) and 63 had progressive cognitive disturbances, including 23 who converted to dementia. Compared with stable MCI patients, decliners have significantly higher radial width of the temporal horn bilaterally and width of the lateral part of the transverse fissure on the right, dilated third ventricle, and smaller oblique thickness of the anterior part of the hippocampal formation bilaterally at the baseline. No significant differences in SPECT perfusion were found between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed linear measurements of atrophy in CT may constitute a predictor for those MCI patients who are more likely to deteriorate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland. gabryelewicz@cmdik.pan.pl <gabryelewicz@cmdik.pan.pl>
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gabryelewicz
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pawłowska-Detko
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miśko
authors.forename: Jarosław B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Cwikła
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pfeffer
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barczak
authors.forename: Bogusław
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wasiak
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Łuczywek
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Królicki
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walecki
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barcikowska
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003704:Dementia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed