title: The IFN-beta and retinoic acid-induced cell death regulator GRIM-19 is upregulated during focal cerebral ischemia.
abstract: The induction of GRIM-19 has been shown to be essential for interferon-beta (IFN-beta)-induced and retinoic acid (RA)-induced tumor cell death. We have studied the localization and levels of GRIM-19 in IFN/RA-induced cell death in neural cells and in focal cerebral ischemia. Exposure to IFN/RA caused a approximately 15-fold increase in GRIM-19 protein levels and induced >50% cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. In rats subjected to permanent focal cerebral ischemia, increased oxidative stress, as well as increased GRIM mRNA levels (32-fold) and increased GRIM-19 (>50%) protein levels were noted in the ipsilateral (affected) hemisphere compared with the contralateral (unaffected) hemisphere. These results suggest that GRIM-19 may play a role in ischemia-induced neuronal cell death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. zmehr001@umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Zara
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mehrabian
authors.forename: Krish
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chandrasekaran
authors.forename: Sudhakar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalakonda
authors.forename: Tibor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kristian
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fiskum
authors.forename: Dhananjaya V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Kalvakolanu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D004338:Drug Combinations; D014212:Tretinoin; D016899:Interferon-beta; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; C439057:NDUFA13 protein, human