title: Single-centre experience with coronary sinus lead stability and long-term pacing parameters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare both short- and long-term stability and pacing parameters of CS leads. Long-term maintenance of coronary sinus (CS) pacing lead position has not yet been assessed by serial X-ray digital imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using X-ray digital imaging in anteroposterior and left lateral views, we performed analysis of the CS lead position at the end of the implantation procedure, 48 h following implantation and after 12 months in 93 consecutive patients. Attain OTW leads, QuickSite leads and EasyTrak leads were implanted in 44, 12 and 37 cases, respectively. X-ray detectable late CS lead dislodgement was observed in 8 cases (8.6%) during 12-months follow-up. Dislodgment was once accompanied by loss of capture and need for repositioning. Another two major dislodgements occurred without any threshold change. Five (5.4%) minor dislocations occurred with either a decrease or an increase in pacing threshold. Left ventricular (LV) pacing threshold was changed by >or= 1 V after 12 months in 14 patients (15%) when compared to values 48 h after implantation. All but one case of >or= 1 V threshold change (either positive or negative) occurred without any radiological evidence of lead displacement. LV pacing threshold was significantly higher than RV pacing threshold at both baseline and during follow-up. Leads from all three manufacturers had comparable pacing thresholds 12 months following implantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The position of CS leads may change during 1-year follow-up. However, it rarely required reoperation in the selected group of patients. Long-term pacing parameters between different manufacturers are comparable. Increase in pacing threshold is not a reliable marker of CS lead dislodgement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic. alanbulava@seznam.cz
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bulava
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lukl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D020878:Device Removal; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome