title: End-tidal carbon monoxide levels in prematurely born infants developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
abstract: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is associated with an early inflammatory response that persists after the first week of life. Inflammatory mediators can induce hemoxygenase-1 with a consequent increase in carbon monoxide (CO) production. End-tidal CO (ETCO) levels would be elevated in infants developing BPD. Serial measurements of ETCO levels were attempted on d 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 in 50 prematurely born infants (median gestational age 29 wk). Fourteen infants developed BPD [oxygen dependent beyond 36 wk post-menstrual age (PMA)] and had higher ETCO levels compared with the rest of the cohort on d 7, 14, 21, and 28. On d 14, the mean (SD) ETCO levels of the BPD group were 3.19 (1.11) ppm and 1.43 (0.61) ppm in the non-BPD group (p<0.001). An ETCO level on d 14>2.15 ppm had a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 92% in predicting oxygen dependency at 36 wk PMA. Measurement of ETCO levels in prematurely born infants may be useful in the prediction of BPD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Asthma, Allergy, and Biology, King's College London School of Medicine at Guy's, King's College and St Thomas' Hospitals, London, UK.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peacock
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Milner
authors.forename: Gerrard F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Rafferty
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Greenough
mesh_terms: D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000378:metabolism*; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D045853:Exhalation / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D002248:Carbon Monoxide