title: Health-related quality of life in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer after 76 Gy intensity-modulated radiotherapy vs. 70 Gy conformal radiotherapy in a prospective and longitudinal study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare quality of life (QoL) after 70 Gy conformal radiotherapy with QoL after 76 Gy intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients with locally advanced prostate carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-eight patients with locally advanced prostate cancer were treated with 70 Gy three-field conformal radiotherapy, and 92 patients received 76 Gy IMRT with fiducial markers for position verification. Quality of life was measured by RAND-36, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer core questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30(+3)), and the prostate-specific EORTC QLQ-PR25, before radiotherapy (baseline) and 1 month and 6 months after treatment. Quality of life changes in time (baseline vs. 1 month and baseline vs. 6 months) of > or =10 points were considered clinically relevant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Differences between the treatment groups for QoL changes over time occurred in several QoL domains. The 76-Gy group revealed no significant deterioration in QoL compared with the 70-Gy group. The IMRT 76-Gy group even demonstrated a significantly better change in QoL from baseline to 1 month in several domains. The conformal 70-Gy group revealed temporary deterioration in pain, role functioning, and urinary symptoms; for the IMRT 76-Gy group a better QoL in terms of change in health existed after 1 month, which persisted after 6 months. For both treatment groups temporary deterioration in physical role restriction occurred after 1 month, and an improvement in emotional role restriction occurred after 6 months. Sexual activity was reduced after treatment for both groups and remained decreased after 6 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intensity-modulated radiotherapy and accurate position verification seem to provide a possibility to increase the radiation dose for prostate cancer without deterioration in QoL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. I.M.Lips@umcutrecht.nl
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lips
authors.forename: Human
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dehnad
authors.forename: Arto Boeken
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Kruger
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Moorselaar
authors.forename: Uulke
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: van der Heide
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Battermann
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Vulpen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011788:Quality of Life; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*