title: The formation of the polyploid hybrids from different subfamily fish crossings and its evolutionary significance.
abstract: This study provides genetic evidences at the chromosome, DNA content, DNA fragment and sequence, and morphological levels to support the successful establishment of the polyploid hybrids of red crucian carp x blunt snout bream, which belonged to a different subfamily of fish (Cyprininae subfamily and Cultrinae subfamily) in the catalog. We successfully obtained the sterile triploid hybrids and bisexual fertile tetraploid hybrids of red crucian carp (RCC) (female symbol) x blunt snout bream (BSB) (male symbol) as well as their pentaploid hybrids. The triploid hybrids possessed 124 chromosomes with two sets from RCC and one set from BSB; the tetraploid hybrids had 148 chromosomes with two sets from RCC and two sets from BSB. The females of tetraploid hybrids produced unreduced tetraploid eggs that were fertilized with the haploid sperm of BSB to generate pentaploid hybrids with 172 chromosomes with three sets from BSB and two sets from RCC. The ploidy levels of triploid, tetraploid, and pentaploid hybrids were confirmed by counting chromosomal number, forming chromosomal karyotype, and measuring DNA content and erythrocyte nuclear volume. The similar and different DNA fragments were PCR amplified and sequenced in triploid, tetraploid hybrids, and their parents, indicating their molecular genetic relationship and genetic markers. In addition, this study also presents results about the phenotypes and feeding habits of polyploid hybrids and discusses the formation mechanism of the polyploid hybrids. It is the first report on the formation of the triploid, tetraploid, and pentaploid hybrids by crossing parents with a different chromosome number in vertebrates. The formation of the polyploid hybrids is potentially interesting in both evolution and fish genetic breeding.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, People's Republic of China. lsj@hunnu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Shaojun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Qinbo
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Wenting
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jiamin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jifang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Rurong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jinpeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps / Q000235:genetics*; D023681:Cichlids / Q000235:genetics*; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005260:Female; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D007246:Infertility / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D011123:Polyploidy; D012098:Reproduction / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004247:DNA