title: Influence of the glutathione s-transferase gene polymorphisms on the susceptibility to basal cell skin carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The identification of groups at high risk is fundamental to determine preventive strategies for skin cancer. Destructive reactive oxygen species produced by UVA or chemical carcinogens are metabolized by a series of enzymes. Polymorphisms of genes encoding for these enzymes may produce defective proteins with a diminished ability to detoxify a wide range of carcinogens.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To ascertain the influence and potential interactions of several polymorphisms of genes encoding four important antioxidant GST enzymes in the susceptibility to cancer among Brazilians.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared the genotypes of Glutathione S-Transferase mu, theta, pi and omega (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1 and GSTO2) in a group of 102 patients with skin lesions and 124 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with Basal Cell Skin Carcinoma (BCC) presented the combined GSTM1-GSTT1+ genotype more frequently (49.1%) than controls (29.8%) (Fisher test; p=0.04), conferring a 2.273 (Odds Ratio; 95% CI=1.199-4.308) higher risk for BCC. We were not able to find any other association between genotypes or between any genotype and the patients' clinical features.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GST profile may help identify Brazilian individuals at higher risk for BCC.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janaína L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Elaine C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Morari
authors.forename: Fabiana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Granja
authors.forename: Gabriela M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: Ana C T
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Guilhen
authors.forename: Laura S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Ward
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; C492569:GSTO2 protein, human