title: Immunoreactivity profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with ragweed-induced allergic rhinitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Seasonal rhinitis is manifested by a series of nasal symptoms in response to exposure to seasonal allergens including ragweed pollen. Understanding its immunological mechanisms may help to better manage the disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to determine comprehensively ragweed-induced cytokine and chemokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal individuals and patients with seasonal rhinitis sensitized to ragweed pollen, and to assess its regulation by exogenous IL-10.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cells were cultured in the presence or absence of a purified ragweed pollen extract with or without exogenous IL-10. Cytokines and chemokines were measured in the supernatant. Gene expression was evaluated using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ragweed stimulation significantly increased the production of the Th2-associated cytokines IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13, the chemokines CCL17 and CCL22 and the regulatory cytokine IL-10 in allergic patients, whereas transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) production was increased only in normal individuals. No difference was detected between groups in the production of the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma or the Th1-affiliated chemokines CXCL10 and CXCL11. Exogenous IL-10 significantly suppressed spontaneous and induced production of both Th1- and Th2-associated cytokines and chemokines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our work demonstrated that locally manifested allergic rhinitis is underlined by a systemic Th2 immune response specific to allergens. The molecular pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis may be linked to a compromised allergen-specific immune regulation, e.g., reduced spontaneous and allergen-induced TGF-beta production in patients compared with healthy controls. Our data also show that IL-10 inhibits both the effector and directional mechanisms of allergen-specific immune response, further supporting its potential therapeutic benefit in preventing and treating allergic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Division of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Centre for Gene Therapeutics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cundall
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goncharova
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dalrymple
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Coyle
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waserman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jordana
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D031164:Ambrosia / Q000276:immunology*; D052179:Antigens, Plant / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011058:Pollen / Q000276:immunology*; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D052179:Antigens, Plant; D016207:Cytokines