title: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) overexpression in meningiomas: real time PCR and immunohistochemistry.
abstract: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is the inducible form of the enzyme involved in the first steps of the prostaglandins and thromboxane synthesis. COX-2 up-regulation is demonstrated in tumors where it can modulate tumoral progression, metastasis, multidrug resistance, and angiogenesis. Experimental data suggest a possible therapeutic use of the COX-inhibitors nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs can block tumor growth through many mechanisms, especially through antiangiogenic and proapoptotic effects. Moreover, NSAIDs can also improve the efficacy of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy. This study reviews the COX-2 expression as evaluated through immunohistochemistry and real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 23 meningiomas [14 World Health Organization (WHO) grade I; 5 WHO grade II; 3 WHO grade III; 1 oncocytic meningioma]. At immunohistochemistry all the lesions but 4 (83%) were COX-2 positive. At RT-PCR 9 meningiomas, 8 WHO grade I and 1 WHO grade II, showed a COX-2 expression greater than the reference value (average expression of all meningiomas that we studied). The association between tumor grade and immunohistochemical or RT-PCR COX-2 expression was not significant (P=0.427 and P=0.251, respectively). In conclusion, even if further studies on larger series are necessary, the common COX-2 overexpression in meningiomas may suggest considering the COX-2 inhibitors, alone or in combination with radiotherapy, a potential area of therapeutic intervention in some selected meningiomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. ambuccoliero@unifi.it
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Buccoliero
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Castiglione
authors.forename: Duccio
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rossi Degl'Innocenti
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arganini
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taddei
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ammannati
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mennonna
authors.forename: Gian Luigi
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Taddei
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008579:Meningioma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2