title: Intranasal cowpox virus infection of the mouse as a model for preclinical evaluation of smallpox vaccines.
abstract: The intranasal infection of mice with cowpox virus (CPXV) has been evaluated as a model for smallpox infection in man. Administration of a lethal dose of CPXV allowed time for development of T-cell responses but antibodies could not be detected before death occurred. In contrast, infection with a sublethal dose was associated with an early T-cell response followed by neutralising antibodies which correlated with virus clearance. Comparison of two first generation smallpox vaccines revealed no significant differences in terms of immunogenicity, protection and post-challenge virus clearance. These studies show that the CPXV/mouse model is valuable for the initial assessment of smallpox vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Virologie, Centre de Recherches du Service de Santé des Armées (CRSSA) Emile Pardé, F-38702 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferrier-Rembert
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Drillien
authors.forename: Jean-Nicolas
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Tournier
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Garin
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Crance
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D015605:Cowpox / Q000276:immunology*; D015608:Cowpox virus / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine