title: Patch-clamp 'mapping' of ion channel activity in human sperm reveals regionalisation and co-localisation into mixed clusters.
abstract: Ion channels are pivotal to many aspects of sperm physiology and function. We have used the patch clamp technique to investigate the distribution of ion channels in the plasma membrane of the head of human spermatozoa. We report that three types of activity are common in the equatorial and acrosomal regions of the sperm head. Two of these (a chloride-permeable anion channel showing long stable openings and a second channel which flickered between open and closed states and was dependent upon cytoplasmic factors for activity) were localised primarily to the equatorial segment. A third type, closely resembling the flickering activity but with different voltage sensitivity of P(open), was more widely distributed but was not detectable over the anterior acrosome. In the anterior acrosomal area channels were present but showed very low levels of spontaneous activity. A unique feature of channel activity in the sperm equatorial region was co-localisation into mixed clusters, most patches were devoid of activity but 'active' patches typically contained two or more types of activity (in a single 200-300 nM diameter patch). We conclude that ion channels in the sperm membrane show regionalisation of type and activity and that the channels are clustered into functional groups, possibly interacting through local effects on membrane potential.
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Jiménez-González
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kirkman-Brown
authors.forename: C L R
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Barratt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Publicover
mesh_terms: D000177:Acrosome / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018118:Chloride Channels / Q000502:physiology; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008839:Microelectrodes; D018715:Microscopy, Video; D008954:Models, Biological; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D013077:Sperm Head / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D018118:Chloride Channels; D007473:Ion Channels