title: D-KEFS Trail Making Test performance in patients with lateral prefrontal cortex lesions.
abstract: This study evaluated cognitive set-shifting in 12 patients with focal lesions in the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPC) by examining their performance on the Trail Making Test from the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS). Patients with LPC lesions performed significantly worse than controls on the D-KEFS Trail Making Test on the Letter Sequencing, Number-Letter Switching (set-shifting), and Motor Speed conditions. Patients with LPC lesions performed significantly more slowly on the Number-Letter Switching condition even after controlling for performance on the four baseline conditions of the test. In addition, patients with LPC lesions exhibited significantly elevated error rates on the Number-Letter Switching condition. Results suggest that LPC lesions can lead to impaired cognitive set-shifting on a visual-motor sequencing task.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado 80933, USA. byochim@uccs.edu
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yochim
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baldo
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Dean C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Delis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000473:pathology*; D011340:Problem Solving / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014145:Trail Making Test