title: Medicare cost effects of recent U.S. disability trends in the elderly: future implications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors examine how trends in disability prevalence and in inflation-adjusted per capita, per annum Medicare costs, 1982 to 1999 and 1989 to 1999, affected total Medicare costs projected to 2004 and 2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  To describe disability trends, the authors applied grade of membership analyses to 27 measures of disability from the 1982 to 1999 National Long Term Care Surveys (NLTCS). This identified seven disability profiles for which individual scores were calculated. These were used to calculate sample weighted Medicare costs and cost trends.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant declines (up to 19%) in Medicare costs were found in 2004 and 2009 assuming continuation of the 1982 to 1999 disability declines and Medicare cost trends. In addition to declines in disability prevalence, inflation-adjusted per capita, per annum Medicare costs declined for nondisabled persons aged 65 to 84.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preserving health in the growing nondisabled population did not require increased health care expenditures.
authors.affiliation: Box 90408, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Kenneth.Manton@duke.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Manton
authors.forename: Vicki L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.forename: XiLiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D008297:Male; D006278:Medicare / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D014481:United States