title: Actors and arenas in hybrid networks: implications for environmental policymaking in the Baltic Sea region.
abstract: Policymaking within and among states is under pressure for change. One feature of this change is empirically observed as an activation of different network structures in the Baltic Sea Region, especially since the collapse of the Iron Curtain, the initiation of the Rio process, and the enlargement of the European Union. The contemporary theoretical debates about governance highlight the changing conditions for policymaking and implementation on all societal levels. This process of change, especially evident concerning environmental policies, includes new types of networks crossing state borders both at the supranational and the subnational levels. This article illuminates this process of change with empirical data from the project "Governing a Common Sea" (GOVCOM) within the Baltic Sea Research Program (BIREME).
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Administration, Abo Akademi University, Finland. marko.joas@abo.fi
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Joas
authors.forename: Kristine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.forename: Siv
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sandberg
mesh_terms: D001454:Baltic States; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005062:European Union; D005843:Geography; D007391:International Cooperation; D011050:Policy Making; D018570:Risk Assessment