title: Testosterone treatment in multiple sclerosis: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of testosterone supplementation on men with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Men are less susceptible to many autoimmune diseases, including MS. Possible causes for this include sex hormones and/or sex chromosome effects. Testosterone treatment ameliorates experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, an animal model of MS, but the effect of testosterone supplementation on men with MS is not known. Therefore, 10 men with relapsing-remitting MS were studied using a crossover design whereby each patient served as his own control. There was a 6-month pretreatment period followed by a 12-month period of daily treatment with 10 g of the gel containing 100 mg of testosterone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical measures of disability and cognition (the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite and the 7/24 Spatial Recall Test) and monthly magnetic resonance imaging measures of enhancing lesion activity and whole brain volumes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One year of treatment with testosterone gel was associated with improvement in cognitive performance (P = .008) and a slowing of brain atrophy (P <.001). There was no significant effect of testosterone treatment on gadolinium-enhancing lesion numbers (P = .31) or volumes (P = .94). Lean body mass (muscle mass) was increased (P = .02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These exploratory findings suggest that testosterone treatment is safe and well tolerated and has potential neuroprotective effects in men with relapsing-remitting MS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Brain Mapping, Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Nancy L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Sicotte
authors.forename: Barbara S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Giesser
authors.forename: Vinita
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.forename: Ricki
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Klutch
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Ann E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Drain
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Shattuck
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hull
authors.forename: He-Jing
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Elashoff
authors.forename: Ronald S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Swerdloff
authors.forename: Rhonda R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Voskuhl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000728:Androgens / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D013739:Testosterone