title: NP031112, a thiadiazolidinone compound, prevents inflammation and neurodegeneration under excitotoxic conditions: potential therapeutic role in brain disorders.
abstract: Inflammation and neurodegeneration coexist in many acute damage and chronic CNS disorders (e.g., stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease). A well characterized animal model of brain damage involves administration of kainic acid, which causes limbic seizure activity and subsequent neuronal death, especially in the CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells and interneurons in the hilus of the hippocampus. Our previous work demonstrated a potent anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effect of two thiadiazolidinones compounds, NP00111 (2,4-dibenzyl-[1,2,4]thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione) and NP01138 (2-ethyl-4-phenyl-[1,2,4]thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione), in primary cultures of cortical neurons, astrocytes, and microglia. Here, we show that injection of NP031112, a more potent thiadiazolidinone derivative, into the rat hippocampus dramatically reduces kainic acid-induced inflammation, as measured by edema formation using T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and glial activation and has a neuroprotective effect in the damaged areas of the hippocampus. Last, NP031112-induced neuroprotection, both in vitro and in vivo, was substantially attenuated by cotreatment with GW9662 (2-chloro-5-nitrobenzanilide), a known antagonist of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, suggesting that the effects of NP031112 can be mediated through activation of this receptor. As such, these findings identify NP031112 as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luna-Medina
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cortes-Canteli
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Galiano
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Morales-Garcia
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perez-Castillo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018683:Excitatory Amino Acid Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013830:Thiadiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D018683:Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D013830:Thiadiazoles; D018698:Glutamic Acid; C520571:tideglusib