title: Evaluation of ER and Ki-67 proliferation index as prognostic factors for survival following neoadjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin/docetaxel for locally advanced breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study was to identify reliable predictive biological markers for treatment outcome following neoadjuvant adriamycin/docetaxel (AT) chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a phase II study on AT neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer patients. Patients received 50 mg/m(2) of doxorubicin intravenously (IV) over 15 min followed by docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) infused over 1 h, repeated every 3 weeks for three cycles. Surgery was performed within 3-4 weeks following the last cycle of chemotherapy. We analyzed the pre-treatment and post-treatment expression levels of ER, PgR, HER-2, Ki-67 proliferation index, and p53 and examined the correlation between the markers and clinical parameters with treatment response, overall survival and relapse-free survival following neoadjuvant treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From July 2001 to September 2004, 61 patients were enrolled. The meaningful parameters adversely influencing survival were post-treatment ER(-) status (P = 0.013) and post-treatment Ki-67 index above 1.0% (P = 0.013). At the multivariate level, the post-treatment Ki-67 proliferation index < or = 1.0 was the only meaningful prognostic factor for better survival (P = 0.033). Notably, tumors with Ki-67 index < or = 1.0 were more likely to express ER with statistical significance (P = 0.002). Tumors with ER(+) and Ki-67 index < or = 1.0 showed the highest survival rate, followed by ER(+) and Ki-67 index > 1.0%, ER(-) and Ki-67 < or = 1.0%, and ER(-) and Ki-67 > 1.0% with the worst survival (P = 0.033).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Collectively, post-treatment ER status and Ki-67 proliferation index were prognostic of overall survival following neoadjuvant AT chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-dong, Seoul, 135-710, South Korea.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: E Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D000077143:Docetaxel; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D016019:Survival Analysis; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D015415:Biomarkers; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel; D004317:Doxorubicin