title: Ascorbic acid modulates proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation of hyalocytes.
abstract: Ascorbic acid is known to influence proliferation and functional properties of several cell types and is therefore widely used in tissue engineering. In this study, the effect of ascorbic acid on the proliferation and functional properties of hyalocytes was evaluated. Hyalocytes were cultured with different amounts of ascorbic acid in classical two-dimensional (2-D) cultures and a three-dimensional (3-D) pellet culture system. Ascorbic acid enhanced hyalocyte proliferation dose-dependently at concentrations between 0.1 and 3 microg/mL; proliferation was constant over a wide concentration range up to 150 microg/mL, concentrations of 500 microg/mL showed toxic effects. In 2-D hyalocyte culture, the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and collagens increased in response to ascorbic acid supplementation of 10 or 200 microg/mL. Normalized to the cell number, GAG production was not influenced, whereas collagen production increased. These results could be verified in a pellet-like 3-D culture system. Ascorbic acid also influenced hyalocytes on the mRNA level; the expression of COL11A1 was clearly enhanced by ascorbic acid. To conclude, ascorbic acid modulates proliferation and collagen accumulation of hyalocytes; it also influences mRNA expression of the cells. Taken together with the fact that ascorbic acid is present in high concentrations in the vitreous body, this vitamin seems to be an important factor for in vitro hyalocyte culture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobuch
authors.forename: Ferdinand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brandl
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wild
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Framme
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Weiser
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tessmar
authors.forename: Veit-Peter
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Gabel
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Blunk
authors.forename: Achim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goepferich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001205:Ascorbic Acid