title: Laparoscopic ovarian tissue preservation in young patients at risk for ovarian failure as a result of chemotherapy/irradiation for primary malignancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aggressive chemotherapy/radiotherapy for cancer may cause gonadal failure in young female survivors. The putative aim of ovarian tissue cryopreservation is to restore fertility by transplantation of a patient's frozen-thawed ovarian tissue or, further into the future, by in vitro maturation of frozen-thawed oocytes followed by in vitro fertilization. This report presents our early experience with ovarian tissue preservation in young patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a database review of the techniques and outcomes of the ethics board-approved ovarian tissue cryopreservation procedures performed at our center since 1998 for young girls with malignancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study group included 23 patients (median age = 14 years) with various types of cancer (hematologic, bone, ovarian, or intracranial); 11 patients were scheduled for chemotherapy, 11 patients had already undergone some form of chemotherapy before the ovarian tissue harvesting, and 1 patient was not scheduled for chemotherapy. Ten underwent bone marrow transplantation after tissue retrieval. Twenty-one patients underwent laparoscopic harvesting of their ovarian tissue. In the other 2 patients, the ovary was preserved during inguinal hernia repair or tissue was obtained at laparotomy for a pelvic tumor. All patients had benign operative and postoperative courses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopy for ovarian tissue retrieval for cryopreservation is safe in young cancer patients. Based on reports of successful cryopreservation of human ovarian tissue containing primordial follicles, we believe that this approach holds promise for female cancer survivors.
authors.affiliation: Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. eladf@clalit.org.il
authors.forename: Elad
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Feigin
authors.forename: Ronit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abir
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fisch
authors.forename: Dragan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kravarusic
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: Shmuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nitke
authors.forename: Galia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Avrahami
authors.forename: Avi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ben-Haroush
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Freud
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000637:transplantation*; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016378:Tissue Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome