title: The prophylactic effect of L-arginine in acute ischaemic colitis in a rat model of ischaemia/reperfusion injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The decreased synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) during ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) has been implicated as the major underlying mechanism for the pathogenesis of acute ischaemic colitis (A.I.C.). The aim of this study was to investigate the prophylactic effect of L-arginine, a NO donor, on tissue injury during intestinal I/R, and compare its efficacy with that of exogenous vasodilators (molsidomine) and inert nitrogen-containing molecules (casein).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred forty four Wistar rats underwent occlusion of the superior mesentery artery for 30, 60 and 90 min for induction of intestinal ischaemia, followed by 90 min of reperfusion. The rats were randomly assigned to receive L-arginine, molsidomine, or casein hydrolysate. In all groups, apart of the histological study, we determined the levels of serum malondialdehyde (MDA), a reliable marker indicating the degree of the tissue damage after intestinal I/R.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum MDA levels were significantly lower in the L-arginine group compared to the untreated animals or those that had received molsidomine or casein, after a period of ischaemia of 90 minutes (p < 0.0005), as well as after a period of ischaemia of 60 or 90 minutes followed by a 90 minutes reperfusion (p = 0.011, and p < 0.0005, respectively). In addition, lesser histopathological damage was noted after the use of L-arginine compared to that caused by the administration of molsidomine and casein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings support a prophylactic effect of L-arginine in experimentally induced intestinal ischaemia. In short, L-arginine attenuates the degree of tissue damage in intestinal ischaemia and promotes healing of intestinal mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fotiadis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adamis
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Misiakos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Genetzakis
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Antonakis
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Tsekouras
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Gorgoulis
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Zografos
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papalois
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fotinou
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Perrea
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002364:Caseins / Q000494:pharmacology; D017091:Colitis, Ischemic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003106:Colon / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D017538:Mesenteric Artery, Superior; D023421:Models, Animal; D008981:Molsidomine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002364:Caseins; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D008315:Malondialdehyde; C475729:casein hydrolysate; D001120:Arginine; D008981:Molsidomine