Iron: the Redox-active center of oxidative stress in Alzheimer disease.
Although iron is essential in maintaining the function of the central nervous system, it is a potent source of reactive oxygen species. Excessive iron accumulation occurs in many neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson's disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, raising the possibility that oxidative stress is intimately involved in the neurodegenerative process. AD in particular is associated with accumulation of numerous markers of oxidative stress; moreover, oxidative stress has been shown to precede hallmark neuropathological lesions early in the disease process, and such lesions, once present, further accumulate iron, among other markers of oxidative stress. In this review, we discuss the role of iron in the progression of AD.
Castellani
Rudy J
RJ
Department of Pathology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Moreira
Paula I
PI
Liu
Gang
G
Dobson
Jon
J
Perry
George
G
Smith
Mark A
MA
Zhu
Xiongwei
X
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D016874:Neurofibrillary Tangles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D058225:Plaque, Amyloid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
D007501:Iron