title: Analysis of innate immune responses in a model of IgA nephropathy induced by Sendai virus.
abstract: In a model of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) induced by Sendai virus (SeV) without Th1/Th2 polarizing immunization, Th2-prone BALB/c mice develop more severe nephritis with acute renal insufficiency than Th1-prone C3H mice. To determine whether Th1 or Th2 predominance influences the severity of experimental IgAN in mice, we employed polarizing immunizations in a SeV-induced IgAN model in Th1-prone C57Bl/6 mice and Th2-prone BALB/c mice. C57Bl/6 mice, immunized with SeV +CFA or +IFA, showed: (1) clear cytokine polarity by splenocytes in recall assays. (2) Total serum IgA and especially SeV-specific IgA from the IFA group showed a selective defect in galactosylation, not seen in the CFA group, and (3) serum creatinine in the IFA group was higher than in the CFA group or nonimmune controls. However, BALB/c mice did not show clear cytokine polarity with CFA/IFA adjuvant. Moreover, spleen cells from naive BALB/c mice produce IFN-gamma (but not IL-2, -4, -5, or -13) upon stimulation with inactivated SeV in vitro. By flow cytometry, IFN-gamma producing cells are CD3(-), CD19(-), CD49b(+) natural killer cells. IFN-gamma production by naive splenocytes is blocked partially by anti-IL12 blocking Abs, and completely by anti-IL18R blocking Abs. In conclusion, C57Bl/6 mice with polarizing priming with SeV showed clear cytokine polarity and distinct kidney injuries. However, BALB/c mice did not show clear cytokine polarity in the same immunizing system, presumably due to the effects of innate responses to SeV upon antigen-specific lymphocytes. Natural IFN-gamma production may influence the risk of renal failure in IgAN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7288, USA. mxy53@cwru.edu
authors.forename: Michifumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Subba R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Chintalacharuvu
authors.forename: Noriyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Nedrud
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Lamm
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomino
authors.forename: Steven N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Emancipator
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010253:Respirovirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D029082:Sendai virus / Q000276:immunology*