title: Effects of bedding systems selected by manual muscle testing on sleep and sleep-related respiratory disturbances.
abstract: In this study, we investigated the feasibility of applying manual muscle testing (MMT) for bedding selection and examined the bedding effect on sleep. Four lay testers with limited training in MMT performed muscle tests for the selection of the bedding systems from five different mattresses and eight different pillows for 14 participants with mild sleep-related respiratory disturbances. For each participant individually, two bedding systems-one inducing stronger muscle forces and the other inducing weaker forces-were selected. The tester-participant pairs showed 85% and 100% agreement, respectively, for the selection of mattresses and pillows that induced the strongest muscle forces. The firmness of the mattress and the height of the pillow were significantly correlated with the body weight and body mass index of the participants for the selected strong bedding system but not for the weak bedding system. Finally, differences were observed between the strong and the weak bedding systems with regard to sleep-related respiratory disturbances and the percentage of slow-wave sleep. It was concluded that MMT can be performed by inexperienced testers for the selection of bedding systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, National Chung-Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chia-yi 62102, Taiwan, ROC. psyllt@ccu.edu.tw
authors.forename: Ling-Ling
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Hau-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001512:Bedding and Linens / Q000592:standards*; D006804:Ergonomics; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D020182:Sleep Apnea, Central