title: A multicentre, 12-week study of imidapril and candesartan cilexetil in patients with mild to moderate hypertension using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) provides the most accurate efficacy assessment of an antihypertensive agent throughout a 24-hour dosing interval. The objective of this prospective, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, multicentre study was to compare the antihypertensive efficacy of imidapril versus candesartan cilexetil using ABPM.
  
  
  METHODS
  After screening and a single-blind, placebo run-in phase, ambulatory adult patients with mild to moderate hypertension (defined as a mean office sitting diastolic BP [DBP] and systolic BP [SBP], respectively, of 90-109 mm Hg and 140-179 mm Hg, and a mean ABPM DBP and SBP, respectively, of >or=80 mm Hg and >or=125 mm Hg) were randomised to once-daily treatment with imidapril or candesartan cilexetil for 12 weeks. ABPM was performed at baseline and at the end of the 12-week treatment period in 112 patients (imidapril group, n=55; candesartan cilexetil group, n=57). To achieve the target BP of <or=140/90 mm Hg, imidapril was titrated from 5 mg/day to 20 mg/day and candesartan cilexetil was titrated from 4 mg/day to 16 mg/day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant (p<0.001) and similar decreases from baseline in clinic mean DBP and SBP, in mean 24-hour ABPM, DBP and SBP awake and asleep, and in mean BP (MBP) were observed in both treatment groups. In addition, significant and similar reductions in DBP and SBP were observed during the early morning acceleration period in both treatments. The reduction in BP load was higher with imidapril than with candesartan cilexetil: 44.6% versus 34.5% reduction in DBP load and 38.0% versus 32.9% reduction in SBP load, respectively. With respect to the average deviation index expressing a load index, the reduction with imidapril was 41.0% versus 33.6% with candesartan cilexetil. The percentage of DBP dipper patients remained identical before and after treatment in both groups. With regard to SBP, the percentage of dippers increased from 38.2% to 45.5% in the imidapril group and decreased from 54.4% to 42.1% in the candesartan cilexetil group. The incidence of adverse events was similar between the treatment groups and no cases of dry cough were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Imidapril in once-daily doses of up to 20mg was shown to be at least as effective as candesartan cilexetil given in once-daily doses of up to 16 mg in reducing BP throughout the entire 24-hour dosing interval. Both drugs were well tolerated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. jlpalma@meditex.es
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Palma-Gamiz
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pêgo
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marquez
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pujol
authors.forename: Josefina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olivan
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alegría
authors.forename: José Domingo
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sagastagoitia-Gorostiza
authors.forename: José Ramón
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Juanatey
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D048289:Imidazolidines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D048289:Imidazolidines; D013777:Tetrazoles; C065166:imidapril; C077793:candesartan cilexetil