title: Effect of anesthetics containing lidocaine and epinephrine on cardiovascular changes during dental implant surgery.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular changes during dental implant surgery using 2% lidocaine with 1:80 000 epinephrine. Eleven normotensive subjects, ranging from 18 to 56 years, were selected to undergo dental implant surgery in the jaw. They were monitored in the pre-, intra-, and postsurgical periods by continuous noninvasive automatic arterial pressure and cardiac frequency measurements taken every 2 minutes. Parameter scores were obtained for the following phases: P1, 15 minutes during preparation of the patient (control period); P2, before anesthesia; P3, immediately after anesthesia; P4, 2 minutes into anesthesia; P5, during incision and detachment; P6, during perforation; P7, during implant placement; P8, during suturing; P9, on completion; and P10, 10 minutes after termination. Individualized statistical analysis for each group during the pre-, intra-, and postoperative periods were performed by analysis of variance. The greatest variations in systolic pressure were increases of 2.29% during phase P2 and 2.59% in phase P5. Diastolic pressure decreased during phase P6 (-2.58%) and increased in P10 (3.27%). The greatest changes in heart rate occurred in phase P10 (-3.24%). There were no statistically significant changes among the evaluated phases (P > .05). In conclusion, there were no changes in the analyzed cardiocirculatory parameters during dental implant surgery (systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures and heart rate) in normotensive subjects anesthetized with 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:80000.
authors.affiliation: Department of Peridontics and Implantology, School of Dentistry, University of Santo Amaro, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fátima N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Faraco
authors.forename: Paulo Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mestnik
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Jamil A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shibli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D008012:Lidocaine; D004837:Epinephrine