Neuromotor task training for children with developmental coordination disorder: a controlled trial.
The aim of this study was to evaluate neuromotor task training (NTT), a recently developed child-centred and task-oriented treatment programme for children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). A treatment and a non-treatment control group of children with DCD were included. Children were selected if they scored below the 15th centile on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC). The children in the treatment group were recently referred for physiotherapy (n=26; 20 males, 6 females; mean age 7y 2mo [SD 1y 3mo]). The parents of the non-treated children were concerned about their children's motor performance and responded to advertisements for free testing (n=13; 10 males, 3 females; mean age 7y 2mo [SD 2y 1mo]). Before and after nine weekly 30-minute sessions of NTT or at least 9 weeks of no intervention, the MABC and the Test of Gross Motor Development - 2 (TGMD-2) were administered. Therapists reported per session on treatment goals and tasks trained. The results indicate that motor performance does not improve spontaneously and that NTT is effective. During the intervention period, only the treated group improved on the MABC and the TGMD-2. Children improved most on tasks similar to those trained. In older children with poorer motor patterns, NTT's treatment success was higher. The Child Behavior Checklist subscales withdrawn, thought problems, anxious/depressed, and delinquency were determinants of effects on motor patterns.
Niemeijer
A S
AS
Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands. A.Niemeijer@ppsw.rug.nl
Smits-Engelsman
B C M
BC
Schoemaker
M M
MM
D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019957:Motor Skills Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome