title: Development of the pons in human fetuses.
abstract: Morphometric and histological studies of the pons were performed by light microscopy in 28 cases of externally normal human fetuses ranging from 90 to 246 mm in crown-rump length (CRL) and from 13 to 28 weeks of gestation. The brainstems of fetuses were embedded in celloidin or paraffin, and transverse sections were prepared. The pons was divided into two regions at the most ventral margin of the medial lemniscus at the level of the motor trigeminal nucleus. The relationships between the total dorsoventral length, ventral length, and dorsal length of the pons versus CRL and gestational ages were calculated, and empiric formulas were fitted. It was found that the ventral portion increased in size more rapidly than the dorsal portion. The proportion of the ventral portion in the total dorsoventral length was constitutively higher than that of the dorsal portion in the present range of CRL. In the pontine nuclei, from 235 mm in the CRL, some large cells with rich cytoplasm, pale nuclei, and a distinct nucleolus appeared on the dorsal side of the pyramidal tract. According to Weigert stained preparations, the first myelinated fibers in each motor root of the trigeminal, abducent, and facial nerves were recognized at 130-140 mm in CRL and the medial lemniscus at 230-235 mm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan. thatta@kanazawa-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toshihisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hatta
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Satow
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hatta
authors.forename: Ryuju
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Udagawa
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Otani
mesh_terms: D001933:Brain Stem / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D018568:Crown-Rump Length; D015509:Developmental Biology / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D011149:Pons / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D013997:Time Factors; D014278:Trigeminal Nuclei / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology