title: Use of the hemostatic agent QuikClot for the treatment of massive splenic injury in a rat model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the present study, QuikClot (QC) was used to treat intra-abdominal bleeding induced by massive splenic injury (MSI) in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  40 animals were divided into five groups: (1) sham operated; (2) MSI untreated; (3) MSI treated with 41.5 ml/kg lactated Ringer's solution (RL); (4) MSI treated with QC, and (5) MSI treated with QC and RL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Untreated MSI was followed by mortality of 60%, total blood loss (TBL) of 33.69% and mean survival time (MST) of 153.9 min. MSI treatment with RL resulted in mortality of 100%, TBL of 61.8% (p < 0.001), and MST of 92.2 min (p < 0.05). MSI treated with QC was followed by TBL of 14.1% (p < 0.005) and MST of 237.5 min (p < 0.05) with no mortality. MSI treated by QC and RL led TBL of 27.4% (p < 0.001 vs. group 3), and MST of 233.3 min (p < 0.05) and no mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  QC significantly reduced blood loss from the injured spleen with improved survival. Combination of RL and QC prevented the increase in blood loss and improved survival compared to RL alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery A and Laboratory of Shock and Trauma Research, Rambam Medical Center, and Technion--Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahajna
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirsh
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Krausz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001458:Bandages; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013154:Spleen / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D017641:Zeolites / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D017641:Zeolites