title: Bone formation in cardiac valves: a histopathological study of 128 cases.
abstract: In a series of 1,177 patients with surgical valve resection, there were 128 (10.9%) patients with the histological finding of bone and/or cartilage formation (bony metaplasia; heterotopic ossification) in the excised valve (119 aortic, 9 mitral). The incidence was higher in men (12.8%) than in women (8.5%). The bony metaplasia was always associated with valvular calcification. The metaplastic changes were encountered in all types of calcific aortic valve disease (senile, bicuspid valve, post-rheumatic). The marrow of the heterotopic lamellar bone was mostly composed of adipose tissue. Frequently, it showed chronic inflammation with polyclonal plasmocytic infiltration. Complete haematopoiesis was present only rarely.
authors.affiliation: The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine and Faculty Hospital, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. steiner@lfhk.cuni.cz
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kasparová
authors.forename: Ales
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kohout
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dominik
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000473:pathology; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006351:Heart Valves / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008679:Metaplasia; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000473:pathology; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000473:pathology; D017678:Sex Distribution