title: Procedures for monitoring recombinant erythropoietin and analogues in doping control.
abstract: The present report summarizes the main analytical strategies developed to identify the presence of recombinant erythropoietin (EPO) administered as a doping agent. Indirect evidence is based on the analysis of blood parameters (haemoglobin, haematocrit, reticulocytes, macrocytes, etc.) and serum markers (concentration of EPO and serum transferrin receptors, etc.). The problem of intertechnique comparison for reliable results evaluation is emphasized, especially for serum markers. Charge differences between isoforms of recombinant EPO and native urinary EPO are the grounds for the isoelectric focusing-double blotting-chemiluminescence detection method presently approved for doping control. Works addressing its advantages and limitations are presented and commented on. The chemical bases of the differential detection are highlighted and some future approaches for detection are also presented. The appearance and detectability of EPO analogues and mimetics susceptible for abuse are also addressed.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Research Unit, Municipal Institute for Medical Research, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. jsegura@imim.es
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Segura
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Pascual
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Gallego
mesh_terms: D004300:Doping in Sports / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D008722:Methods; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin