Dependence of the critical temperature on molecular parameters.
At the critical temperature the surface tension between coexisting liquid and vapor phases must be zero, and the repulsive contributions associated with cavity formation must exactly counterbalance those from interactions of a molecule in the cavity and the bulk. An expression for the critical temperature of pure fluids in terms of the parameters of scaled particle theory (SPT) has been obtained, and the calculated critical temperatures are compared with experimental data for a range of pure fluids. These include noble and diatomic gases, short and medium length hydrocarbons, aromatic compounds, halogenated compounds, oxygen-containing compounds, and water. Considering the simplicity of this approach, a remarkably good correlation between calculated and experimental values is found for most of these fluids.
Tahery
Reza
R
Chemical Engineering Department, Amir Kabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Satherley
John
J
Schiffrin
David J
DJ