title: Supplementary breaks and stretching exercises for data entry operators: a follow-up field study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study expanded previous NIOSH-IRS research examining the effects of rest breaks and stretching exercises on symptoms and performance in data-entry workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  All workers spent 4 weeks with conventional breaks (two 15 min breaks per day) and 4 weeks with supplementary breaks (two 15 min breaks plus four 5 min breaks per day). One-half were assigned at random to a group instructed to perform brief stretching exercises during breaks. The remainder comprised the "no stretching" (control) group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  51 workers (stretch group n = 21; no stretch group n = 30) completed the study symptom questionnaires. Discomfort and eyestrain were significantly lower with supplementary breaks, and supplementary breaks attenuated accumulation of discomfort and eyestrain during work sessions. Data-entry speed was significantly faster with supplementary breaks so that work output was maintained, despite replacing 20 min of work time with break time. In the stretch group, workers reported stretching during only 25% of conventional breaks and 39% of supplementary breaks, and no significant effects of stretching on discomfort or performance were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provide further converging evidence that supplementary breaks reliably minimize discomfort and eyestrain without impairing productivity. Low compliance in performing stretches prevented valid assessment of stretching effects. Further research on stretching exercises and exercise compliance is warranted.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. tgalinsky@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Traci
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Galinsky
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sauter
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dunkin
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hurrell
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schleifer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001248:Asthenopia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016288:Computer Terminals; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling; D012146:Rest; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014481:United States