title: Comparative reactogenicity and immunogenicity of 23 valent pneumococcal vaccine administered by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection in elderly adults.
abstract: 23 Valent pneumococcal vaccine is provided to the elderly through public health programs in many countries. However there is no clear recommendation regarding its route of administration (subcutaneous or intramuscular). In a randomised, observer blind study of 254 elderly subjects, the immunogenicity of a 23 valent pneumococcal vaccine was not influenced by its route of administration. A low rate of systemic adverse reactions was observed with the vaccine (subcutaneous and intramuscular both 6.3%). Local adverse reaction rates were; intramuscular 7.1% and subcutaneous 18.9% and these were predicted by: * Pre-vaccination antibody titres>1 microg/ml, odds ratio 22.4 (8.06-74.84) compared with pre-vaccination antibody titre<1 microg/ml. * Female gender, odds ratio 5.0 (1.85-14.83) compared with male gender. * Subcutaneous injection route, odds ratio 3.20 (1.13-9.13) compared with intramuscular injection route. * Female gender subcutaneous injection route, odds ratio 2.99 (1.10-8.70) compared with female gender intramuscular injection route. These data support the intramuscular injection of 23 valent pneumococcal vaccine, especially in elderly females.
authors.affiliation: University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. drifcook@bigpond.com
authors.forename: Ian F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Dimity
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pond
authors.forename: Gunter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hartel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines