title: 99mTc-HMPAO labelling inhibits cell motility and cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of NC-NC cells.
abstract: (99m)Tc-hexamethyl-propylenamine-oxime ((99m)Tc-HMPAO)-labelled leukocytes have been used in standard diagnostic procedures for the detection of infection and inflammation. Although some investigators have already pointed out that labelling of leukocytes with (99m)Tc-HMPAO has detrimental effects on the cells, still very little is known regarding the effects of ionizing radiation on lymphocyte function. The effects of (99m)Tc-HMPAO-labelling on lymphocyte adhesion, proliferation, mitotic index, migration and apoptosis were evaluated. The lymphoblastoid cell line NC-NC was used as the lymphocyte population. (99m)Tc-HMPAO-labelling decreased cell adhesion, proliferation, mitotic index and motility, whereas it induced apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest. The rate of decrease in cell proliferation was up to 70% (P<0.001) by day 4 after labelling. (99m)Tc-HMPAO-labelling led a 35% decrease (P<0.001) in adhesion ability of the cells on fibronectin at 16h. Using the Boyden chamber motility assay, it was shown that both spontaneous and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1)-induced lymphocyte motility were strongly reduced by (99m)Tc-HMPAO-labelling. The decrease in motility was approximately five-fold (P<0.05). In addition, a 12-fold increase (P<0.05) was observed in apoptosis of the (99m)Tc-HMPAO-treated cells compared with control cells. Besides, it was shown that cell-cycle arrest was induced starting from the 3rd day after treatment with (99m)Tc-HMPAO. Our observations indicate that (99m)Tc-HMPAO-labelling has damaging effects on lymphocyte function including cell adhesion, proliferation, mitotic index, motility and cell cycle under in vitro conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, D.E.U. School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. ozden.ulker@deu.edu.tr
authors.forename: Ozden
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ulker
authors.forename: Sermin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Genç
authors.forename: Halil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ateş
authors.forename: Hatice
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Durak
authors.forename: Neşe
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Atabey
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime