Subendothelial heparan sulfate proteoglycans become major L-selectin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ligands upon renal ischemia/reperfusion.
Leukocyte infiltration into inflamed tissues is considered to involve sequential steps of rolling over the endothelium, adhesion, and transmigration. In this model, the leukocyte adhesion molecule L-selectin and its ligands expressed on inflamed endothelial cells are involved in leukocyte rolling. We show that upon experimental and human renal ischemia/reperfusion, associated with severe endothelial damage, microvascular basement membrane (BM) heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are modified to bind L-selectin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. In an in vitro rolling and adhesion assay, L-selectin-binding HSPGs in artificial BM induced monocytic cell adhesion under reduced flow. We examined the in vivo relevance of BM HSPGs in renal ischemia/reperfusion using mice mutated for BM HSPGs perlecan (Hspg2(Delta3/Delta3)), collagen type XVIII (Col18a1(-/-)), or both (cross-bred Hspg2(Delta3/Delta3)xCol18a1(-/-)) and found that early monocyte/macrophage influx was impaired in Hspg2(Delta3/Delta3)xCol18a1(-/-) mice. Finally, we confirmed our observations in human renal allograft biopsies, showing that loss of endothelial expression of the extracellular endosulfatase HSulf-1 may be a likely mechanism underlying the induction of L-selectin- and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-binding HSPGs associated with peritubular capillaries in human renal allograft rejection. Our results provide evidence for the concept that not only endothelial but also (microvascular) BM HSPGs can influence inflammatory responses.
Celie
Johanna W A M
JW
Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands. p.celie@vumc.nl
Rutjes
Niels W P
NW
Keuning
Eelco D
ED
Soininen
Raija
R
Heljasvaara
Ritva
R
Pihlajaniemi
Taina
T
Dräger
Angelika M
AM
Zweegman
Sonja
S
Kessler
Floortje L
FL
Beelen
Robert H J
RH
Florquin
Sandrine
S
Aten
Jan
J
van den Born
Jacob
J
D018171:Agrin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000276:immunology*; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000502:physiology; D043170:Collagen Type XVIII / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004727:Endothelium / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D006084:Graft Rejection; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D019041:L-Selectin / Q000276:immunology*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury; D015238:Sulfotransferases / Q000378:metabolism
D018171:Agrin; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D043170:Collagen Type XVIII; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans; D008024:Ligands; D019041:L-Selectin; C071927:perlecan; C470791:SULF1 protein, human; D015238:Sulfotransferases