title: Evaluation of toxic chemical parameters and ecotoxicity levels in bottled mineral waters.
abstract: Heavy metals, phthalates, characterizing elements, CO2 concentrations and pH and hardness levels were measured in forty samples of bottled mineral waters. In some samples arsenic, manganese, mercury and selenium were present in higher concentrations than permitted by Italian law. No significant release of phthalates from containers in PET was observed. In the same samples, toxicity tests with Daphnia magna were carried out. Toxicity levels, expressed as % of immobile organisms, ranged from 0 to 100%; generally the highest toxicity values were found in the hardwaters.
authors.affiliation: University of Bari, Department of Internal and Public Medicine, Section of Hygiene, Italy. g.signorile@igiene.uniba.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Signorile
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Neve
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lugoli
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Piccinni
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arena
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Di Marino
mesh_terms: D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008900:Mineral Waters / Q000633:toxicity*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances; D008900:Mineral Waters