Is galectin-3 a good method for the detection of malignancy in patients with thyroid nodules and a cytologic diagnosis of "follicular neoplasm"? A critical appraisal of the evidence.
BACKGROUND
Thyroid nodules are the most common surgical disease of the thyroid. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the most commonly employed tool for establishing a diagnosis. However, 15% to 25% of FNAB reports yield inconclusive results. Immunostaining of cytological smears from FNAB with galectin-3 has been proposed as a tool for differentiating between benign and malignant nodules. We performed a systematic review to evaluate the utility of galectin-3.


METHODS
Prospective studies of nodules with FNAB reports of "follicular neoplasm" and with a definitive diagnosis confirmed by histopathology were selected. Calculations of individual sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios were made.


RESULTS
The articles selected were those with the best methodological quality.


CONCLUSIONS
Galectin-3 could be a good tool to guide therapeutic decision in patients with thyroid nodules and FNAB results of follicular neoplasm, but available information has methodological flaws that precludes a definitive answer about galectin-3 utility in the clinical setting.
Sanabria
Alvaro
A
Department of Surgery, Universidad de La Sabana, Bogotá, Colombia.
Carvalho
André Lopes
AL
Piana de Andrade
Victor
V
Pablo Rodrigo
Juan
J
Vartanian
José Guilherme
JG
Rinaldo
Alessandra
A
Ikeda
Mauro Kazuo
MK
Devaney
Kenneth Owen
KO
Magrin
José
J
Augusto Soares
Fernando
F
Ferlito
Alfio
A
Kowalski
Luiz Paulo
LP
D018263:Adenocarcinoma, Follicular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016606:Thyroid Nodule / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*
D037502:Galectin 3