title: Pesticide loadings of select organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in urban public housing.
abstract: We investigated the magnitude and distribution of pyrethroid and organophosphate pesticide loadings within public housing dwellings in Boston, Massachusetts and compared the results using various sampling methods. We collected dust matrices from living room and kitchen in 42 apartments and analyzed for eleven pyrethoids (e.g., permethrin and cyfluthrin) and two organophosphates (chlorpyrifos and diazinon) in house dust using GC/MS. Agreement between sampling methods were evaluated using Spearman correlations and Kappa statistics. Permethrin and chlorpyrifos were detected in kitchen floor wipes in all homes, followed in frequency of detects by diazinon (98%), cypermethrin (90%) and cyfluthrin (71%). At least six pesticides were detected in kitchen floor wipes in the majority of the homes (range 3-8). Positive and statistically significant correlations among dust matrices were observed between kitchen floor wipes and living room vacuum dust, including for diazinon (r=0.62) and cyfluthrin (r=0.69). Detection of several pesticides including banned or restricted use products in some public housing units, underscore the need for alternative pest management strategies that embrace the safe and judicious use of pest control products.
authors.affiliation: Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. julien.rhona@epa.gov
authors.forename: Rhona
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Julien
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adamkiewicz
authors.forename: Jonathan I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Marcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishioka
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Spengler
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis; D001900:Boston; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis*; D005430:Floors and Floorcoverings; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis*; D010571:Pest Control / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000379:methods; D010575:Pesticides; D011638:Public Housing; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis*; D011786:Quality Control; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D004391:Dust; D007306:Insecticides; D010755:Organophosphates; D010575:Pesticides; D011722:Pyrethrins