title: "Tonic-absence seizures": an unusual seizure phenotype, but not necessarily in that order.
abstract: Video telemetry in a 15-year-old boy with moderate learning difficulties revealed episodes of staring and cessation of activity, followed by sudden stiffening of the body for several seconds, abduction of the arms and a brief vocal utterance ("ugh"). Each episode lasts around 30 seconds, 3-4 times/day despite treatment. The EEG showed generalized 3-4Hz spike-wave discharges during the "absence" period followed immediately by a run of fast polyspikes typical of a tonic seizure, terminating in a run of 1-2 Hz sharp-slow wave complexes. Although tonic-absence seizures have been reported rarely, the clinical sequence appears to be reversed in this patient, with the occurrence of "absence-tonic" attacks. We present video documentation of such attacks and discuss their nosology.[Published with video sequences].
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Krishna B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Stewart G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Boyd
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015897:Comorbidity; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004832:Epilepsy, Absence / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004829:Epilepsy, Generalized / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D013686:Telemetry; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014743:Videotape Recording