title: The Marijuana Check-up: promoting change in ambivalent marijuana users.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of a two-session assessment and feedback intervention designed to reach and increase motivation for change in marijuana users who were experiencing negative consequences but were ambivalent about change.
  
  
  METHODS
  Random assignment to one of two types of feedback conditions or a delayed feedback control (DFC) with follow-up assessments at 7 weeks, 6 months and 12 months. Setting University of Washington research center in Seattle, Washington.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 188 adult male and female marijuana users who responded to advertisements. Interventions A personalized feedback (PF) condition utilizing motivational interviewing was compared to an educational control condition labeled multi-media feedback (MMF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Marijuana use, dependence symptoms, other associated negative consequences and motivational constructs were assessed at all time-points.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PF participants reported fewer days of use per week, fewer periods of use per day and fewer dependence symptoms at 7 weeks than those in the MMF and DFC conditions. PF participants also reported fewer days of use per week compared to MMF participants at the 12-month follow-up and fewer dependence symptoms at both the 6- and 12-month follow-ups compared to MMF participants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PF intervention, delivered in the context of a check-up, shows potential as a way of reaching and motivating change in marijuana users with a diagnosable disorder who otherwise are not ready to approach treatment. Ways of augmenting the modest absolute levels of change are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Virginia 24061, USA. stephens@vt.edu
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.forename: Roger A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Roffman
authors.forename: Stephanie A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Fearer
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Randy S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Burke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D030141:Feedback, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D009042:Motivation; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D010349:Patient Compliance