title: Dimethylamino-functionalised and N-heteroaryl-substituted titanocene anticancer drugs: synthesis and cytotoxicity studies.
abstract: From the carbolithiation of 6-N,N-dimethylamino fulvene (3a) and different lithiated N-heterocyclic compounds (N,N-dimethylaminomethylpyrrole, 1-methylimidazole and 2,4-[bis(N',N'-dimethylaminomethyl)]-N-methyl pyrrole), the corresponding lithium cyclopentadienide intermediate (4a-c) was formed. These three lithiated intermediates underwent a transmetallation reaction with TiCl4 resulting in dimethylamino-functionalised titanocenes 5a-c. When these titanocenes were tested against LLC-PK cells, the IC50 values obtained were of 13, and 63 microM for titanocenes 5b and 5c, respectively. The most cytotoxic titanocene in this paper (5a) with an IC50 value of 6.8 microM is found to be almost as cytotoxic as cis-platin, which showed an IC50 value of 3.3 microM, when tested on the epithelial pig kidney LLC-PK cell line, and titanocene 5c is approximately 400 times better than titanocene dichloride itself.
authors.affiliation: Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, The UCD School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hickey
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Claffey
authors.forename: Eoin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hogan
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pampillón
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tacke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D018374:LLC-PK1 Cells; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009942:Organometallic Compounds