title: Percutaneous mitral valve annuloplasty for ischemic mitral regurgitation: first in man experience with a temporary implant.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated human feasibility and acute efficacy of a novel percutaneous transvenous mitral annuloplasty (PTMA) device (Viacor) placed temporarily in the coronary sinus (CS): the implant allows in-situ incremental adjustment to optimally reduce the anterior-posterior mitral annulus (MA) dimension, and improve leaflet co-aptation and reducing mitral regurgitation (MR).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Surgical annuloplasty remains the standard treatment of severe ischemic MR but its application is limited by high morbidity and mortality. The effectiveness of PTMA device (Viacor) to reduce MR in the short-term has been demonstrated in animals studies but not in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Symptomatic patients with ischemic MR graded 2+ to 4+ requiring surgical mitral annuloplasty were screened. Patients with any mitral leaflet or mitral apparatus abnormality were excluded. Preoperatively, under general anesthesia and transesophageal echocardiography guidance, a temporary PTMA device was placed via the right internal jugular or subclavian vein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four patients were studied. After device placement and adjustment, regurgitant volume was substantially reduced (45.5 +/- 24.4 to 13.3 +/- 7.3 ml) via MA anterior-posterior diameter reduction (40.75 +/- 4.3 to 35.2 +/- 1.6 mm) in 3 patients. In one patient, the PTMA device could not be deployed due to extreme angulated anatomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PTMA in human is feasible and reduces ischemic MR (to grade 1+) by reducing MA anterior-posterior diameter. Temporary placement of the PTMA device may assist in the development of permanent implants and ensure optimal efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dubreuil
authors.forename: Arsène
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basmadjian
authors.forename: Anique
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ducharme
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thibault
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Crepeau
authors.forename: Jules Y T
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bilodeau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*; D020878:Device Removal; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000150:complications*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods