title: Prostate cancer screening with prostate-specific antigen in hemodialysis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The diagnostic validity of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) among men receiving hemodialysis (HD) has not been well defined. The aim of this study was to evaluate PSA levels in HD men and to compare them with those of non-uremic controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  PSA levels were measured in 620 HD men (40-89 years old, mean age 62.4 years). In patients with PSA >4.1 ng/ml, prostate biopsies were performed. Cancer-free men were defined as having PSA ranging between 0 and 4.0 ng/ml, or PSA >4.1 ng/ml but with a pathologically negative biopsy. The resulting data was compared with that for 3,636 non-uremic controls (55-59- (n = 468), 60-69- (n = 2,220), and 70-79-year-old men (n = 948)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 45 HD men with PSA >4.1 ng/ml, 22 consented to undergo a biopsy. Ten were positive and 12 were negative. The mean PSA of cancer-free HD men of 50-59 (n = 159), 60-69 (n = 214), 70-79 (n = 116), and 80-89 (n = 30) were 1.0, 1.0, 1.3, and 2.1 ng/ml, respectively. Cancer-free HD men demonstrated significantly lower PSA compared to controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HD men had lower PSA levels than those of controls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, National Health Insurance Minamitama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. m5508985@ra2.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horinaga
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ukimura
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakanoma
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okihara
authors.forename: Motonobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Tsuneharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen