title: Multisubunit RNA polymerases melt only a single DNA base pair downstream of the active site.
abstract: To extend the nascent transcript, RNA polymerases must melt the DNA duplex downstream from the active site to expose the next acceptor base for substrate binding and incorporation. A number of mechanisms have been proposed to account for the manner in which the correct substrate is selected, and these differ in their predictions as to how far the downstream DNA is melted. Using fluorescence quenching experiments, we provide evidence that cellular RNA polymerases from bacteria and yeast melt only one DNA base pair downstream from the active site. These data argue against a model in which multiple NTPs are lined up downstream of the active site.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA.
authors.forename: Ekaterina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kashkina
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anikin
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brueckner
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: Sergey N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Kochetkov
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: McAllister
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cramer
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Temiakov
mesh_terms: D017123:Bacteriophage T7 / Q000201:enzymology; D020029:Base Pairing; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000378:metabolism; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D021122:Protein Subunits; D014764:Viral Proteins; D004247:DNA; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases