title: Altered corticostriatal neurotransmission and modulation in dopamine transporter knock-down mice.
abstract: Dopamine (DA) modulates glutamate neurotransmission in the striatum. Abnormal DA modulation has been implicated in neurological and psychiatric disorders. The development of DA transporter knock-down (DAT-KD) mice has permitted modeling of these disorders and has shed new light on DA modulation. DAT-KD mice exhibit increased extracellular DA, hyperactivity, and alterations in habituation. We used whole cell patch-clamp recordings from visually identified striatal neurons in slices to examine the effects of DAT-KD on corticostriatal transmission. Electrophysiological recordings from medium-sized spiny neurons in the dorsal striatum revealed alterations in both amplitude and frequency, of spontaneous glutamate receptor-mediated synaptic currents in cells from DAT-KD mice. Furthermore, kinetic analyses revealed that these currents had shorter half-amplitude durations and faster decay times. In contrast, GABA-receptor-mediated synaptic currents were not altered. Striatal neurons from DAT-KD mice also responded differently to amphetamine, cocaine, and DA D2-receptor agonists or antagonists compared with wildtype (WT) littermate controls. In WTs amphetamine and cocaine reduced the frequency of spontaneous glutamate currents and these effects appeared to be mediated by activation of D2 receptors. In contrast, in DAT-KD mice either no changes or only small increases in frequency occurred. D2-receptor agonists or antagonists also had opposing effects in WT and DAT-KD mice. Together, these results indicate that chronically increased extracellular DA produces long-lasting changes in corticostriatal communication that may be mediated by changes in D2-receptor function. These findings have implications for understanding mechanisms underlying attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and Tourette's syndrome and may provide insights into novel therapeutic approaches.
authors.affiliation: Mental Retardation Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
authors.forename: Nanping
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cepeda
authors.forename: Xiaoxi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001640:Bicuculline / Q000494:pharmacology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000172:deficiency*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D018756:GABA Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques / Q000379:methods; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015259:Dopamine Agents; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D018756:GABA Antagonists; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; D001640:Bicuculline