Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory effects in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.
The focus of this study was to clarify the relation between the nitric oxide (NO) production and cytokine expression including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and also investigated the effect of COS on LPS stimuli from RAW 264.7 cell. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria induces the expression of cytokines and potent inducers of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-6. In this experiment, upon stimulation with increasing concentrations of chitosan, the LPS-stimulated TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion was significantly recovered within the incubation media of RAW 264.7 cells. Consistently, RT-PCR with mRNA and Western blot with anti-cytokine antiserum including TNF-alpha and IL-6 showed that the amount of TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion in the incubation media recovered with the concentration of chitosan. The LPS-stimulated NO secretion was significantly recovered within the 6h and 12h incubation media of RAW 264.7 cells, too. The recovery effect of chitosan on IL-6 and NO secretion may be induced via the stimulus of TNF-alpha in RAW 264.7 cell. These results once again suggest that chitosan oligosaccharide may have the anti-inflammatory effect via the stimulus of TNF-alpha in the LPS-stimulated inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells.
Yoon
Hyun Joong
HJ
College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Moon
Myoung E
ME
Park
Haeng Soon
HS
Im
Suhn Young
SY
Kim
Young Ho
YH
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D007249:Inflammation; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000737:chemistry; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009573:Nitrites; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D048271:Chitosan