title: Endothelial dysfunction and arterial pressure regulation during early diabetes in mice: roles for nitric oxide and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor.
abstract: We determined whether nitric oxide (NO) counters the development of hypertension at the onset of diabetes in mice, whether this is dependent on endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), and whether non-NO endothelium-dependent vasodilator mechanisms are altered in diabetes in mice. Male mice were instrumented for chronic measurement of mean arterial pressure (MAP). In wild-type mice, MAP was greater after 5 wk of N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 100 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1) in drinking water; 97 +/- 3 mmHg) than after vehicle treatment (88 +/- 3 mmHg). MAP was also elevated in eNOS null mice (113 +/- 4 mmHg). Seven days after streptozotocin treatment (200 mg/kg iv) MAP was further increased in L-NAME-treated mice (108 +/- 5 mmHg) but not in vehicle-treated mice (88 +/- 3 mmHg) nor eNOS null mice (104 +/- 3 mmHg). In wild-type mice, maximal vasorelaxation of mesenteric arteries to acetylcholine was not altered by chronic L-NAME or induction of diabetes but was reduced by 42 +/- 6% in L-NAME-treated diabetic mice. Furthermore, the relative roles of NO and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) in acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation were altered; the EDHF component was enhanced by L-NAME and blunted by diabetes. These data suggest that NO protects against the development of hypertension during early-stage diabetes in mice, even in the absence of eNOS. Furthermore, in mesenteric arteries, diabetes is associated with reduced EDHF function, with an apparent compensatory increase in NO function. Thus, prior inhibition of NOS results in endothelial dysfunction in early diabetes, since the diabetes-induced reduction in EDHF function cannot be compensated by increases in NO production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Sharyn M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: Barbara K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Kemp-Harper
authors.forename: Helena C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Parkington
authors.forename: Geoffrey A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Head
authors.forename: Roger G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000378:metabolism; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001685:Biological Factors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D011453:Prostaglandins; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C067410:endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization factor; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse; D000109:Acetylcholine; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester