title: Role of temperature and hydrochloric acid on the formation of chlorinated hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during combustion of paraffin powder, polymers, and newspaper.
abstract: Formation of chlorinated hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined using a laboratory-scale incinerator when combusting materials at different temperatures, different concentrations of hydrochloric acid (HCl), and when combusting various types of polymers/newspaper. Polychlorobenzenes (PCBz), polychlorophenols (PCPhs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and their toxic equivalency (TEQ) and PAHs were highlighted and reported. Our results imply maximum formation of chlorinated hydrocarbons at 400 degrees C in the following order; PCBz>or=PCPhs>>PCDFs>PCDDs>TEQ on a parts-per-billion level. Similarly, a maximum concentration of chlorinated hydrocarbons was noticed with an HCl concentration at 1000 ppm with the presence of paraffin powder in the following order; PAHs>PCBz>or=PCPhs>>PCDFs>PCDDs>TEQ an a parts-per-billion level. PAHs were not measured at different temperatures. Elevated PAHs were noticed with different HCl concentrations and paraffin powder combustion (range: 27-32 microg/g). While, different polymers and newspaper combusted, nylon and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) produced the maximum hydrogen cyanide (HCN) concentration, concentrations of PCDD/FS, dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs), and TEQ were in a decreasing order: polyvinylchloride (PVC)<newspaper<polyethyleneterephthalate (PET)< polyethylene (PE)< polypropylene (PP)< ABS = blank. Precursors of PCBs were in a decreasing order: PP<nylon<PE<newspaper<ABS<PVC<blank<PET. Precursors of PCDD/Fs were in a decreasing order: newspaper <PP=nylon<PE<ABS<PVC= blank<PET. BTX formation was in a decreasing order; PE<nylon<newspaper<ABS<PP. PAHs formation were elevated with parts-per-million levels in the decreasing order of PP<nylon<PE<newspaper<blank<ABS< PET<PVC.
authors.affiliation: Shimadzu Techno-Research Inc., 1 Nishinokyo-Shimoaicho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, 604-8436, Japan.
authors.forename: Takumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takasuga
authors.forename: Norihito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Umetsu
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Makino
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsubota
authors.forename: Kenneth S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Sajwan
authors.forename: Kurunthachalam Senthil
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D002244:Carbon; D060729:Coal Ash; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D017745:Incineration; D010209:Paper; D010232:Paraffin; D052638:Particulate Matter; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D011108:Polymers; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D060729:Coal Ash; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D052638:Particulate Matter; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D011108:Polymers; D002244:Carbon; D010232:Paraffin; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid