title: Growth hormone treatment in adolescent males with idiopathic short stature: changes in body composition, protein, fat, and glucose metabolism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cross-sectional observations show an inverse relationship between pubertal increase in GH and insulin sensitivity, suggesting that pubertal insulin resistance may be mediated by GH.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to assess longitudinally the effects of short-term GH supplementation in adolescent males with non-GH-deficient idiopathic short stature (ISS) on body composition, substrate metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. Children with ISS were studied to simulate the pubertal increase in GH secretion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight males with ISS (10.8-16.5 yr) were recruited from pediatric endocrinology clinics at an academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were evaluated in the General Clinical Research Center before and after 4 months of GH supplementation (0.3 mg/kg.wk). Body composition was assessed with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Whole-body glucose, protein, and fat turnover were measured using stable isotopes. In vivo insulin action was assessed during a 3-h hyperinsulinemic (40 mU/m(2).min) euglycemic clamp.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GH supplementation led to 1) increase in hepatic glucose production and fasting insulin levels, 2) increase in lean body mass and decrease in fat mass, and 3) improvement in cardiovascular lipid risk profile. Plasma IGF-I levels correlated positively with insulin levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Four months of GH supplementation in adolescent males with ISS is associated with significant body composition changes and hepatic insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. tamara.hannon@chp.edu
authors.forename: Tamara S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Hannon
authors.forename: Kapriel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Danadian
authors.forename: Chittiwat
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suprasongsin
authors.forename: Silva A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Arslanian
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D000293:Adolescent; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects*; D001827:Body Height / Q000187:drug effects*; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D002648:Child; D005223:Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D007930:Leucine / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005223:Fats; D007328:Insulin; D011506:Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone; D007930:Leucine; D005947:Glucose; D005990:Glycerol