title: Saturation of the southern ocean CO2 sink due to recent climate change.
abstract: Based on observed atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and an inverse method, we estimate that the Southern Ocean sink of CO2 has weakened between 1981 and 2004 by 0.08 petagrams of carbon per year per decade relative to the trend expected from the large increase in atmospheric CO2. We attribute this weakening to the observed increase in Southern Ocean winds resulting from human activities, which is projected to continue in the future. Consequences include a reduction of the efficiency of the Southern Ocean sink of CO2 in the short term (about 25 years) and possibly a higher level of stabilization of atmospheric CO2 on a multicentury time scale.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institut für Biogeochemie, Postfach 100164, D-07701 Jena, Germany. c.lequere@uea.ac.uk
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Le Quéré
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rödenbeck
authors.forename: Erik T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Buitenhuis
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Langenfelds
authors.forename: Antony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: Casper
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Labuschagne
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramonet
authors.forename: Takakiyo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Metzl
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gillett
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heimann