title: Organic solutes in Rubrobacter xylanophilus: the first example of di-myo-inositol-phosphate in a thermophile.
abstract: The thermophilic and halotolerant nature of Rubrobacter xylanophilus led us to investigate the accumulation of compatible solutes in this member of the deepest lineage of the Phylum Actinobacteria. Trehalose and mannosylglycerate (MG) were the major compounds accumulated under all conditions examined, including those for optimal growth. The addition of NaCl to a complex medium and a defined medium had a slight or negligible effect on the accumulation of these compatible solutes. Glycine betaine, di-myo-inositol-phosphate (DIP), a new phosphodiester compound, identified as di-N-acetyl-glucosamine phosphate and glutamate were also detected but in low or trace levels. DIP was always present, except at the highest salinity examined (5% NaCl) and at the lowest temperature tested (43 degrees C). Nevertheless, the levels of DIP increased with the growth temperature. This is the first report of MG and DIP in an actinobacterium and includes the identification of the new solute di-N-acetyl-glucosamine phosphate.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Nuno
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Empadinhas
authors.forename: Vítor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mendes
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simões
authors.forename: Maria S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mingote
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lamosa
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Milton S da
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism*; D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D001622:Betaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005988:Glyceric Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D008358:Mannose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature; D014199:Trehalose / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005988:Glyceric Acids; D007295:Inositol Phosphates; C402688:mannosylglycerate; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D001622:Betaine; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D014199:Trehalose; D008358:Mannose; D000117:Acetylglucosamine