title: Number of children and coronary heart disease risk factors in men and women from a British birth cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between number of children and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in women and men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Britain.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2977 individuals (51% women) from the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development, a birth cohort study of individuals born in Britain in 1946 and followed up regularly throughout life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR), total, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) measured at age of 53 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Number of children showed no consistent relationship with CHD risk factors at age 53 years in either men or women, and no obvious and consistent sex differences were observed. Mean BMI (95% CI) increased with increasing numbers of children (P = 0.01) in women from 27.4 kg/m2 (26.6-28.2) in those with one child to 28.6 kg/m2 (27.6-29.6) in those with four or more children. WHR and type II diabetes in women and HbA1C in men were the only other risk factors exhibiting a linearly increasing trend with increasing number of children. These associations were largely explained by adjustment for behavioural and lifestyle variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that any association between number of children and CHD risk factors is a result of lifestyle and behaviours associated with family life rather than being as result of the biological impact of pregnancy in women.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Lawlor
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: M E J
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Wadsworth
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kuh
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology