title: A novel laparoscopic mesh placement part task trainer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We present a surgical simulator, developed for the training of a laparoscopic surgery and in particular for mesh placement during an inguinal herniorrhaphy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Major technical issues related to virtual surgery training systems include virtual patient modelling, collision detection and collision response, haptic and graphic rendering, 3-D motion tracking and some special effects, such as bleeding, cauterizing and so on. Among these problems, real-time deformation modelling and collision detection are the most challenging research topics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this paper, we describe novel approaches addressing the above issues, which have been successfully adopted in our bimanual hernia repair simulator.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The implementations of our new collision detection and deformation appear to work well, even at haptic rates for the limited scope of mesh placement training. More sophisticated techniques are needed for full organ deformation especially for blunt dissection simulation.
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76016, USA. venkat@uta.edu
authors.forename: Venkat
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Devarajan
authors.forename: Xiuzhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yunhe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eberhart
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Villegas
mesh_terms: D003194:Computer-Assisted Instruction / Q000379:methods*; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D014584:User-Computer Interface