title: SPFH2 mediates the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors and other substrates in mammalian cells.
abstract: Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptors are endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane calcium channels that, upon activation, become substrates for the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. Although it is clear that IP(3) receptors are polyubiquitinated upon activation and are transferred to the proteasome by a p97-based complex, currently nothing is known about the proteins that initially select activated IP(3) receptors for ERAD. Here, we sought to identify novel proteins that associate with and mediate the ERAD of endogenous activated IP(3) receptors. SPFH2, an uncharacterized SPFH domain-containing protein, rapidly associated with IP(3) receptors in a manner that preceded significant polyubiquitination and the association of p97 and related proteins. SPFH2 was found to be an ER membrane protein largely residing within the ER lumen and in resting and stimulated cells was linked to ERAD pathway components, apparently via endogenous substrates undergoing degradation. Suppression of SPFH2 expression by RNA interference markedly inhibited IP(3) receptor polyubiquitination and degradation and the processing of other ERAD substrates. Overall, these studies identify SPFH2 as a key ERAD pathway component and suggest that it may act as a substrate recognition factor.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
authors.forename: Margaret M P
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pearce
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Grant G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Kelley
authors.forename: Richard J H
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wojcikiewicz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000502:physiology; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D047992:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2; D047988:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C121703:ERLIN2 protein, human; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C101338:PSMD2 protein, human; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D047992:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2; D047988:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Peptides and Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex