title: UVC inhibits HIF-1alpha protein translation by a DNA damage- and topoisomerase I-independent pathway.
abstract: Hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a key player in cancer progression and an attractive target for cancer therapy. Several small molecule inhibitors of HIF-1alpha also induce a DNA damage response. However, whether or not DNA damage is required for or associated with the inhibition of HIF-1alpha protein accumulation is poorly understood. In this report we investigated the effects of distinct DNA damaging conditions on the hypoxic induction of HIF-1alpha protein in cancer cell lines. We demonstrate that in addition to topotecan (TPT), a known inhibitor of HIF-1alpha, UVC, but not other DNA damaging agents (cisplatin, ionizing radiation and doxorubicin), inhibited HIF-1alpha protein accumulation in a dose-dependent, p53-independent fashion. Low doses UVC decreased HIF-1alpha translation without affecting global protein synthesis. Inhibition of HIF-1alpha by UVC required ongoing RNA transcription, but not DNA replication. Moreover, a functional ATR was required for the activation of DNA damage-dependent responses by both UVC and TPT, but was dispensable for the inhibition of HIF-1alpha protein. Notably, unlike TPT, inhibition of HIF-1alpha protein by UVC did not require topoisomerase I, suggesting a similar yet distinct mode of action. Our data reveal that UVC is a novel signal associated with inhibition of HIF-1alpha protein accumulation, and they uncouple the DNA damage-dependent signaling pathway exerted by UVC and TPT from HIF-1alpha inhibition.
authors.affiliation: Tumor Hypoxia Laboratory, Developmental Therapeutics Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rapisarda
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Melillo
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004261:DNA Replication; D004264:DNA Topoisomerases, Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015151:Immunoblotting; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019772:Topotecan / Q000494:pharmacology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D019772:Topotecan; D004317:Doxorubicin; C576597:ATR protein, human; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D004264:DNA Topoisomerases, Type I; D002945:Cisplatin