Therapeutic potential of drugs to modulate DNA repair in cancer.
Most established cancer therapy regimes involve DNA-damaging chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The DNA repair capacity of the tumour, therefore, represents a mechanism of therapeutic resistance. Drugs to inhibit DNA repair pathways have been developed and they demonstrate good chemosensitisation and radiosensitisation activity in preclinical models. Two classes of DNA repair inhibitors have entered clinical trial and show promising activity. Genetic instability in tumours may be at least partially due to defects in DNA repair pathways; such defects may underlie the inherent sensitivity of some tumours to certain classes of anticancer agent. DNA repair defects may also make the tumour dependent on complimentary or back-up pathways; laboratory evidence shows that targeting these complimentary pathways results in tumour-selective therapy.
Curtin
Nicola
N
Newcastle University, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK. n.j.curtin@ncl.ac.uk
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents