title: Decrease in racial disparities in the staging evaluation for prostate cancer after publication of staging guidelines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared how men with incident prostate cancer were staged before and after the 1995 publication of National Comprehensive Cancer Network, American Urological Association and American College of Radiology staging guidelines, and determined whether there were racial differences in the staging evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective cohort study of the use of bone scan and pelvic imaging (pelvic computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) in 96,986 men with incident prostate cancer from 1991 to 1994 compared to 1995 to 1999 from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare linked data files.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During 1991 to 1994 bone scan was done in 83.1% and 73.7% of men who would and would not have met guideline criteria for staging, respectively. From 1995 to 1999 bone scan use decreased slightly in men who met guideline criteria (74.4%) but it decreased substantially in men who did not meet guideline criteria (55.2%). Between 1991 to 1994 and 1995 to 1999 rates of pelvic imaging increased for men who did and decreased for men who did not meet guideline criteria for staging (45.5% to 57.2% and 48.4% to 41.5%, respectively). On multivariate analysis in men who did not meet guideline criteria there was no change in the association between the use of staging tests and race from 1991 to 1994, to 1995 to 1999. However, of men who met guideline criteria for staging black men were less likely to undergo bone scan and less likely to undergo pelvic imaging than white men diagnosed in 1991 to 1994 but this racial difference was not seen during 1995 to 1999.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using a population based cohort this study reveals a decrease in racial disparity and an increase in evidence based use of staging tests in men with incident prostate cancer in the period after the publication of National Comprehensive Cancer Network, American Urological Association and American College of Radiology guidelines.
authors.affiliation: New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA. nea211@med.nyu.edu
authors.forename: Nitya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abraham
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Montagnet
authors.forename: Yu-Ning
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Katrina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Armstrong
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000368:Aged; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018426:SEER Program; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data