title: Preclinical evaluation of YC-1, a HIF inhibitor, for the prevention of tumor spreading.
abstract: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) is believed to promote tumor growth, and thus, is viewed as one of the most compelling cancer therapy targets. YC-1 is widely used as a potent inhibitor of HIF-1alpha both in vitro and in vivo, and is also being developed as a novel anticancer drug. However, little is known about the effects of YC-1 on tumor invasion or metastasis. In the present study, we found that the Hep3B cell migration-stimulatory effect of hypoxia was abolished by HIF-1alpha siRNA or YC-1. YC-1 also significantly inhibited the migrations of other cancer cells. Furthermore, YC-1 effectively inhibited cell invasion through Matrigel. In nude mice, GFP-expressing stable cell-lines of Hep3B or H1299 were inoculated into spleens to induce liver metastasis or into the pleural cavity to induce lung invasion. In untreated mice, many tumor lesions emitting strong fluorescence were found in livers or lungs, and fluorescence intensities and tumor lesion numbers were markedly reduced in YC-1-treated mice. These results suggest that YC-1 effectively inhibits tumor invasion and metastasis, and imply that YC-1 is worth while to further develop as a multipurpose anticancer drug.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Jin-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yu-Jung
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Kyung-Eun
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Yang-Sook
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Jong-Wan
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D007191:Indazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007797:Laminin / Q000737:chemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D007191:Indazoles; D007797:Laminin; D011509:Proteoglycans; C059485:matrigel; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C090937:3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole; D003094:Collagen