title: A cost-effectiveness analysis of immunotherapy with SQ allergen extract for patients with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in selected European countries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis can, for some people, reduce quality of life and the ability to cope with everyday tasks.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this paper we investigate the cost-effectiveness of immunization therapy with Alutard SQ (ASQ) and compare the cost-effectiveness in countries where the therapy has been in use in order to assess the impact of national therapeutic practices on the results of health economic assessments. Data are obtained from a clinical trial carried out in 2001-2002. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of immunization we have added data on resource use in Austria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, The Netherlands, and Sweden.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The computations result in cost-effectiveness ratios for allergen immunization between 10,000 euros and 20,000 euros per QALY even without provision for indirect costs, and achieving dominance in most countries where indirect costs have also been taken into account. The country comparisons show that the direct cost of administrating the up-dosing and maintenance differs considerably between countries, and that the cost of medical staff is substantial, constituting in most cases more than half of the direct costs of the immunization therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study shows that immunotherapy with SQ allergen extract is cost-effective in a wide range of national environments, and that cost-effectiveness differences by country are largely a result of different practices in the up-dosing phase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. hans.keiding@pop.oko.ku.dk
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Keiding
authors.forename: Kasper P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003888:Desensitization, Immunologic / Q000191:economics*; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006109:Poaceae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000191:economics / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: C521342:Alutard SQ allergen; D010936:Plant Extracts