title: Mel-18 acts as a tumor suppressor by repressing Bmi-1 expression and down-regulating Akt activity in breast cancer cells.
abstract: The Bmi-1 oncogene is overexpressed in a number of malignancies including breast cancer. In addition to Bmi-1, mammalian cells also express four other polycomb group (PcG) proteins that are closely related to Bmi-1. Virtually nothing is known about the role of these PcG proteins in oncogenesis. We have recently reported that Mel-18, a Bmi-1-related PcG protein, negatively regulates Bmi-1 expression, and that its expression negatively correlates with Bmi-1 in proliferating and senescing human fibroblasts. Here, we report that the expression of Bmi-1 and Mel-18 inversely correlates in a number of breast cancer cell lines and in a significant number of breast tumor samples. Overexpression of Mel-18 results in repression of Bmi-1 and reduction of the transformed phenotype in malignant breast cancer cells. Furthermore, the repression of Bmi-1 by Mel-18 is accompanied by the reduction of Akt/protein kinase B (PKB) activity in breast cancer cells. Similarly, Bmi-1 knockdown using RNA interference approach results in down-regulation of Akt/PKB activity and reduction in transformed phenotype of MCF7 cells. Importantly, we show that overexpression of constitutively active Akt overrides tumor-suppressive effect of Mel-18 overexpression and the knockdown of Bmi-1 expression. Thus, our studies suggest that Mel-18 and Bmi-1 may regulate the Akt pathway in breast cancer cells, and that Mel-18 functions as a tumor suppressor by repressing the expression of Bmi-1 and consequently down-regulating Akt activity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Biology and Department of Medicine, ENH Research Institute, Evanston, IL 60201, USA.
authors.forename: Wei-Jian
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Mu-Sheng
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.forename: Li-Bing
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Bao-Hong
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Vimla
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Band
authors.forename: Goberdhan P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Dimri
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D015536:Down-Regulation; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C069077:BMI1 protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C489348:PCGF2 protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt