Antibody binding in proximity to the receptor/glycoprotein complex leads to a basal level of virus neutralization.
Hypothetically, antibodies may neutralize enveloped viruses by diverse mechanisms, such as disruption of receptor binding, interference with conformational changes required for virus entry, steric hindrance, or virus aggregation. Here, we demonstrate that retroviral infection mediated by the avian sarcoma-leukosis virus (ASLV-A) envelope glycoproteins can be neutralized by an antibody directed against a functionally unimportant component of a chimeric receptor protein. Thus, the binding of an antibody in proximity to the retroviral envelope glycoprotein-receptor complex, without binding to the entry machinery itself, results in neutralization. This finding provides additional support for the hypothesis that steric hindrance is sufficient for antibody-mediated neutralization of retroviruses.
Yang
Xinzhen
X
Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA. xyang1@bidmc.harvard.edu
Lipchina
Inna
I
Lifton
Michelle
M
Wang
Liping
L
Sodroski
Joseph
J
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000937:Antigen-Antibody Reactions; D001358:Avian Sarcoma Viruses / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D065100:CCR5 Receptor Antagonists; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D053586:Virus Internalization / Q000187:drug effects*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D065100:CCR5 Receptor Antagonists; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008024:Ligands; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins