title: Passive air sampling of DDT, chlordane and HCB in the Pearl River Delta, South China: implications to regional sources.
abstract: The Pearl River Delta (PRD) is one of the largest fast-developing economic zones in China. Hong Kong and the mainland part of the PRD differed in socio-economic development history and chemical management policies. Polyurethane foam (PUF)-passive air sampling (PAS) was deployed at 21 regional air quality monitoring stations across the PRD in summer and winter, respectively. Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT), chlordane and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were analyzed with GC-MS. High total DDT (240-3700 pg m(-3)) and chlordane (100-2600 pg m(-3)) concentrations were observed. Concentrations of DDTs and chlordane were higher in summer than winter; HCB vice versa. Spatially, the mainland part of the PRD generally displayed higher DDT concentrations than Hong Kong. Antifouling paint for fishing ships in coastal China was suggested to be an important current DDT source in the coast. The reason is unknown for the very low trans-/cis-chlordane (TC/CC) ratios (0.27) found in the mainland in winter. HCB concentrations were relatively uniform across the PRD, and long range transport of HCB from inland/North China to the PRD in winter was suggested.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lingli
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Gan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Celine S L
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Kevin C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Yunrong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Liuju
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000737:chemistry*; D002681:China; D002706:Chlordan / Q000032:analysis*; D003634:DDT / Q000032:analysis*; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006581:Hexachlorobenzene / Q000032:analysis*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012621:Seasons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002706:Chlordan; D006581:Hexachlorobenzene; D003634:DDT