title: Effects of advice on dietary intake and/or physical activity on body composition, blood lipids and insulin resistance following a low-fat, sucrose-containing, high-carbohydrate, energy-restricted diet.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of dietary advice in conjunction with advice to increase physical activity on the body composition, blood lipid and insulin profiles in overweight women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 12-week randomized controlled intervention study. subjects were assigned to one of four groups: (1) no advice, (2) low-fat, high-carbohydrate (including sucrose) energy-reduced diet, (3) 60 min/day brisk walking, and (4) diet and activity advice as previous.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-nine overweight women (mean age 41 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  Dietary compliance was assessed by 4-day diet diaries. Activity levels were assessed by Caltractrade mark accelerator monitors. Anthropometric changes were recorded at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks. Fasting blood samples measuring glucose, insulin, and blood lipids were recorded at baseline and 12 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group 4 achieved greatest weight loss of 4.2 kg and greatest reduction in waist circumference of 6.5 cm. Groups 2 and 4 decreased the percentage energy from fat by 5.2%. Group 3 increased the percentage energy from fat by 4.0%. Group 4 significantly reduced total cholesterol by 0.45 mmol/l and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol by 0.53 mmol/l.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A low-fat, high-carbohydrate, sucrose-containing diet combined with increased physical exercise resulted in greater health benefits than diet or physical activity advice alone.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nutrition and Food Research, Queen Margaret University College, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Lesley
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kirkwood
authors.forename: Emad
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aldujaili
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Drummond
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D049628:Body Size / Q000502:physiology; D031204:Caloric Restriction / Q000379:methods; D003376:Counseling; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted / Q000379:methods; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000379:methods; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D008055:Lipids; D013549:Sweetening Agents