title: Paenibacillus taiwanensis sp. nov., isolated from soil in Taiwan.
abstract: Among a large collection of Taiwanese soil isolates, a novel Gram-variable, rod-shaped, motile and endospore-forming bacterial strain, designated G-soil-2-3(T), was isolated from farmland soil in Wu-Feng, Taiwan. The isolate was subjected to a polyphasic study including 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization experiments, fatty acid analysis and comparative phenotypic characterization. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the organism belongs within the genus Paenibacillus. It contained menaquinone MK-7 as the predominant isoprenoid quinone and anteiso-C(15 : 0) (40.5 %), iso-C(15 : 0) (13.1 %), iso-C(16 : 0) (10.8 %) and anteiso-C(17 : 0) (7.3 %) as the major fatty acids. Phylogenetically, the closest relatives of strain G-soil-2-3(T) were the type strains of Paenibacillus assamensis, Paenibacillus alvei and Paenibacillus apiarius, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 95.7, 95 and 95.2 %, respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments showed levels of relatedness of 2.8-9.0 % of strain G-soil-2-3(T) with these strains. The G+C content of the DNA was 44.6 mol%. Strain G-soil-2-3(T) was clearly distinguishable from P. assamensis, P. alvei and P. apiarius and thus represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus taiwanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is G-soil-2-3(T) (=BCRC 17411(T)=IAM 15414(T)=LMG 23799(T)=DSM 18679(T)).
authors.affiliation: Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, PO Box 246, Hsinchu 30099, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Fwu-Ling
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, PO Box 246, Hsinchu 30099, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Ping
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, PO Box 246, Hsinchu 30099, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Ju
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.affiliation: Division of Bio-Pesticide, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Wufong, Taichung 41358, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Chu
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lo
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D016937:Gram-Positive Endospore-Forming Rods / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D008124:Locomotion; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D011809:Quinones / Q000032:analysis; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D011809:Quinones; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S