title: High age at the time of implant installation is correlated with increased loss of osseointegrated implants in the temporal bone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The implant failure rate in temporal bone has been reported to be about 5 to 10% over a 10-year period. A number of our elderly patients have shown increased failure rates over a long time period, which is the reason for the present study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to find out if age is correlated with implant failure and to measure blood flow in implant sites.
  
  
  METHODS
  The long-time survival of 131 osseointegrated implants installed in the temporal bones of 81 patients was correlated with the age of the patient at the time of installation. The blood flow in 37 fixture installation sites in 22 patients was recorded by means of laser Doppler flowmetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean implant failure rate in the study group was 9.8% after a mean follow-up time of 7.6 years. There was a significant increase of implant failure in patients above 60 years of age. There was further a trend that implants used for the bone-anchored hearing aid were lost to a higher proportion than implants used for bone-anchored episthesis. There was also a trend that female patients lost fewer implants than males. Blood flow in the temporal bone correlated well with the age of the patient in that the highest values were recorded from the youngest patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increasing age affects failures of osseointegrated implants in the temporal bone. Blood flow is higher in the child's temporal bone, a factor that can be of importance to understand why age influences implant survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Vassilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Drinias
authors.forename: Gösta
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Granström
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tjellström
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006310:Hearing Aids; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D053441:Suture Anchors; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000098:blood supply / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors