title: Unusual etiology of upper extremity ischemia in a scleroderma patient: thoracic outlet syndrome with arterial embolization.
abstract: Although the causes of digital ischemia and necrosis are diverse in women, the most common etiology is connective tissue disease. We describe a patient with scleroderma who presented with arm ischemia secondary to arterial embolization from thoracic outlet syndrome. Her sublavian artery was compressed by the anterior scalene muscle and a cervical rib, leading to a stenosis with poststenotic dilation of the artery. Within the aneurysmal formation was a thrombus, which was probably the source of the distal embolization. The patient underwent surgical resection of the cervical and first rib. The abnormal portion of the subclavian artery was resected and replaced with an interposition graft.
authors.affiliation: Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA. beate.hugl@i-med.ac.at
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hugl
authors.forename: W Andrew
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Oldenburg
authors.forename: Albert G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Hakaim
authors.forename: Scott T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Persellin
mesh_terms: D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004617:Embolism / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011928:Raynaud Disease / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D045743:Scleroderma, Diffuse / Q000150:complications*; D013349:Subclavian Steal Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013901:Thoracic Outlet Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*