title: [Exposure assessment to bioaerosols among sewer workers].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of the study was to evaluate exposure to bioaerosols among sewer workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was carried out in the summertime, based on the standard PN-EN 13098. Air samples were collected on gelatine filters at three stationary sites: inside the sewer, next to the sewer manhole during under pressure cleaning and at effluent discharge point. In collected samples the qualitative and quantitative analysis of bacteria and fungi were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bacteria and fungi concentrations were at low levels. The highest concentration of bacteria (about 5.0 x 10(2) cfu/m3) was found inside the sewer and of fungi (about 1.0 x 10(2) cfu/m3) at effluent discharge point. Among all determined microorganisms Gram-positive bacteria were predominated, especially Staphylococcus lentus. Others bacteria there were also found, like rod-shaped of the genus Bacillus and Enterococcus faecalis. The diversification of Gram-negative bacteria was small. Among fungi there were determined representatives of two genera Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp., including species Aspergillus fumigatus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to the law in force among all determined microorganisms only bacteria Enterococcus faecalis (Enterococcus spp.) and mould Aspergillus fumigatus are classified as harmful biological agents (occupational risk group 2). It is suggested using by employees personal protective equipment, especially for respiratory airways and skin protection and also keeping the rules of individual hygiene.
authors.affiliation: Zakład Srodowiskowych Zagrozeń Zdrowia, Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera, Lódź. marc@imp.lodz.pl
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cyprowski
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buczyńska
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Szadkowska-Stańczyk
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000009:adverse effects; D000391:Air Microbiology; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005658:Fungi / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D012722:Sewage