title: Perception of cabin air quality in airline crew related to air humidification, on intercontinental flights.
abstract: The influence of air humidification in aircraft, on perception of cabin air quality among airline crew (N = 71) was investigated. In-flight investigations were performed in the forward part and in the aft part on eight intercontinental flights with one Boeing 767 individually, equipped with an evaporation humidifier combined with a dehumidifying unit, to reduce accumulation of condensed water in the wall construction. Four flights had the air humidification active when going out, and turned off on the return flight. The four others had the inverse humidification sequence. The sequences were randomized, and double blind. Air humidification increased relative air humidity (RH) by 10% in forward part, and by 3% in aft part of the cabin and in the cockpit. When the humidification device was active, the cabin air was perceived as being less dry (P = 0.008), and fresher (P = 0.002). The mean concentration of viable bacteria (77-108 cfu/m(3)), viable molds (74-84 cfu/m(3)), and respirable particles (1-8 microg/m3) was low, both during humidified and non-humidified flights. On flights with air humidification, there were less particles in the forward part of the aircraft (P = 0.01). In conclusion, RH can be slightly increased by using ceramic evaporation humidifier, without any measurable increase of microorganisms in cabin air. The cabin air quality was perceived as being better with air humidification. PRACTICAL IMPLICATION: Relative air humidity is low (10-20%) during intercontinental flights, and can be increased by using ceramic evaporation humidifier, without any measurable increase of microorganism in cabin air. Air humidification could increase the sensation of better cabin air quality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. torsten.lindgren@medsci.uu.se
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lindgren
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Norbäck
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wieslander
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D000401:Aircraft; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000032:analysis; D005658:Fungi / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis; D009812:Odorants; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D010465:Perception; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D052638:Particulate Matter; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D005557:Formaldehyde