title: Parasite-induced chronic inflammation is not exacerbated by immunotherapy before or during Trypanosoma cruzi Infection.
abstract: Trypanosoma cruzi infection causes Chagas' disease, a chronic inflammatory disease. The specific inflammatory responses that cause Chagas' disease remain unclear, but data argue that parasites that persist in the host stimulate chronic self-damaging immune responses. Because T. cruzi appears to stimulate self-damaging responses, the enthusiasm to develop vaccines that boost antiparasite responses that might increase self-damaging responses has been limited. We previously demonstrated that immunization with a T. cruzi trans-sialidase protein or adoptive transfer of trans-sialidase-specific T-cell clones decreased parasitemia, morbidity, and mortality. Here we report that immunization or adoptive transfer with the protein or clones, before or during T. cruzi infection, boosts the anti-T. cruzi immune response without exacerbating acute or chronic tissue inflammation. These results argue that prophylactic and therapeutic immunotherapy for Chagas' disease can be developed safely.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Research Institute, 1124 Columbia St., Suite 400, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
authors.forename: Malcolm S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Duthie
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: Arsen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zakayan
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Stuart J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kahn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D007114:Immunization; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; C096427:SA85 1.1 antigen, Trypanosoma cruzi