title: Flatback syndrome.
abstract: Flatback syndrome is characterized by loss of normal lumbar lordosis, resulting in forward tilt of the trunk, inability to stand erect, back pain, and thigh pain from chronic hip flexion and knee bending. The usual etiology is iatrogenic, through previous fusions or with extension instrumentation. Surgical treatments described include extension osteotomy (Smith-Petersen), pedicle subtraction osteotomy, and polysegmental osteotomies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0112, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chou
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D011859:Radiography; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*