title: [Prevalence and quality of control of calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorders among Lithuanian hemodialysis patients in 2004 and 2005].
abstract: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and quality of control of disorders of calcium and phosphorus metabolism among patients on hemodialysis in Lithuania during the period of 2004-2005 and to assess rarely used methods of treatment such as parathyroidectomy and administration of calcimimetics.
  
  
  METHODS
  All Lithuanian hemodialysis centers were visited, and data on disorders of calcium-phosphorus metabolism were collected in December 2004 and 2005. The quality of control was evaluated according to Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative recommendations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative guidelines, normal parathyroid hormone levels were found in 20.4% of hemodialysis patients in 2004 and 18.8% of hemodialysis patients in 2005; normal levels of phosphate were in 41.9% and 39.4%, respectively; normal levels of calcium were observed in 44.7% of patients in 2004 and in 42.3% of patients in 2005. In 2005 as compared to 2004, there were statistically significantly more patients with low parathyroid hormone level (39.9% and 45.8%, respectively, P<0.05). Only in 5.6% of patients in 2004 and 3.9% of patients in 2005, all four parameters of calcium-phosphate metabolism (calcium, phosphate, and of parathyroid hormone levels and calcium-phosphate product) were within the normal range. No parameters in the normal range were found in 17-20% of patients. The use of alfacalcidol significantly increased: 316 (30.8%) patients in 2004 and 388 (35.7%) patients in 2005 were treated with alfacalcidol (P<0.05). Alfacalcidol was prescribed for 16.5% of patients in 2004 and for 17% of patients in 2005, in whom parathyroid hormone level was below the normal range in the presence of hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. The use of calcimimetics was considered rational in 142 (13.8%) patients in 2004 and 119 (10.9%) patients in 2005. According to the data of our study, parathyroidectomy was indicated in 19 (1.85%) patients in 2004 and 17 (1.56%) patients in 2005.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative recommendations, the control of disorders of calcium-phosphate metabolism in Lithuanian hemodialysis patients was insufficient in 2004 and 2005. One-third of the patients were treated with alfacalcidol when parathyroid hormone level was low and hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia persisted. Calcimimetics for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism were administered in about 10% of patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Kaunas University of Medicine, Kaunas, Lithuania. vaida.petrauskiene@gmail.com
authors.forename: Vaida
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Petrauskiene
authors.forename: Edita
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ziginskiene
authors.forename: Vytautas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kuzminskis
authors.forename: Asta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burciuviene
authors.forename: Saulius
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grazulis
authors.forename: Elvyra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sileikiene
authors.forename: Jūrate
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Masalskiene
authors.forename: Laima
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Juodeikiene
authors.forename: Donatas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tamosaitis
authors.forename: Violeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Alisauskiene
mesh_terms: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002128:Calcium Metabolism Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D006887:Hydroxycholecalciferols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006962:Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D008097:Lithuania; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D016105:Parathyroidectomy; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood; D010760:Phosphorus Metabolism Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D006887:Hydroxycholecalciferols; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010710:Phosphates; D002118:Calcium; C008088:alfacalcidol