title: Low incidence of perioperative chemotherapy for stage III bladder cancer 1998 to 2003: a report from the National Cancer Data Base.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies of perioperative chemotherapy for muscle invasive bladder cancer have shown a survival benefit with combined modality therapy. We reviewed chemotherapy use in patients with stage III transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder from 1998 to 2003 to evaluate perioperative chemotherapy treatment patterns.
  
  
  METHODS
  The National Cancer Data Base collected data on approximately 60% of all newly diagnosed bladder cancer cases in the United States from 1998 to 2003. We queried the National Cancer Data Base for all treatment of male and female patients 18 years old or older with bladder transitional cell carcinoma diagnosed between 1998 and 2003. A total of 224,060 bladder transitional cell carcinoma records were reviewed. Perioperative chemotherapy was defined as chemotherapy given within 4 months before and 4 months after surgery. Of 11,339 cases of stage III bladder cancer treatment, analysis was possible for 7,161.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment patterns were analyzed in 7,161 patients with stage III bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Perioperative chemotherapy was administered to 11.6% of patients with stage III bladder transitional cell carcinoma with 10.4% receiving adjuvant chemotherapy and 1.2% receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. When comparing perioperative chemotherapy use by diagnosis year in 1998 and 2003, a small statistically significant increase was observed using the Pearson's chi-square test with Bonferroni correction (p <0.05) at 11.3% of patients in 1998 vs 16.8% in 2003.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perioperative chemotherapy is underused in the management of surgically resectable stage III transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. This finding may reflect a delay in implementing the results of recently reported randomized trials, a low incidence of referrals by urologists for chemotherapy and/or confidence in salvage chemotherapy as an equivalent alternative. Further followup will determine if this treatment pattern changes in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Matthew I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Milowsky
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ritchey
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Nanus
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015653:Cystectomy; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D014600:Utilization Review
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents