title: Efficacy of Shirodkar cervical suture in securing hemostasis following surgical evacuation of Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy of a Shirodkar cervical suture in arresting hemorrhage following surgical removal of a Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included women with an ultrasound diagnosis of Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy who were scheduled for surgical evacuation. After administration of general anesthetic, a Shirodkar cervical suture was inserted using the standard surgical technique. The suture was left untied and the Cesarean scar pregnancy was evacuated under ultrasound guidance using suction curettage. Once the pregnancy had been successfully removed, the suture was tied and 500 microg ergometrine was administered intravenously to ensure uterine contraction. The patients were prescribed prophylactic antibiotics and the suture was removed 7 days later in the outpatient setting, under local anesthetic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over a 4-year period a total of 33 Cesarean scar pregnancies were diagnosed, and 28 (85%) had surgical evacuation. A cervical suture was necessary to achieve hemostasis in 22/28 (79%; 95% CI, 64-94) cases. In the remaining 6/28 (21%; 95% CI, 6-36) cases, the bleeding was minimal and the suture was not tied. The median estimated intraoperative blood loss was 50 (range, 50-1500) mL. Six of 28 (21%; 95% CI, 6-36) women suffered blood loss > or = 300 mL and two (7%; 95% CI, 0-17) required blood transfusion. One woman (5%; 95% CI, 0-14) required repeat surgery because of retained products of conception. There were no other significant complications and the uterus was preserved successfully in all cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insertion of a Shirodkar cervical suture during the evacuation of a Cesarean scar pregnancy is an effective method for securing hemostasis; it minimizes the need for blood transfusion and ensures preservation of fertility.
authors.affiliation: Early Pregnancy and Gynaecology Assessment Unit, King's College Hospital, London, UK. davor.jurkovic@kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jurkovic
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ben-Nagi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ofilli-Yebovi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sawyer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Helmy
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yazbek
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced / Q000379:methods; D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014619:Vacuum Curettage / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards