title: Relevance of ineffective esophageal motility and hyperactive acid sensitization in patients with gastroesophageal reflux.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Esophageal motor abnormalities including ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) and visceral hypersensitivity have been frequently observed in patients with gastroesophageal reflux. The aim of this study was to observe the incidences of hypersensitivity to acid infusion and motor abnormalities in non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) compared with erosive esophagitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed upper GI endoscopy, an acid perfusion test and esophageal manometry on 113 NERD patients and 37 erosive esophagitis patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of acid sensitization was 69.9% in NERD and 67.6% in erosive esophagitis. The frequency of esophageal motor abnormality in patients with erosive esophagitis (48.6%) was higher than in patients with NERD (25.7%, P = 0.014). The most frequent esophageal motor abnormality was IEM. The frequency of IEM was 15.9% in NERD patients, 42.9% in Los Angeles grade A, 53.8% in Los Angeles grade B and 66.7% in Los Angeles grade C esophagitis (chi(2) = 16.67, P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that no difference exists between visceral hypersensitivity in patients with NERD and those with erosive esophagitis, and that IEM occurs in NERD as well as erosive esophagitis patients. The occurrence of IEM is associated with the endoscopic severity of gastroesophageal reflux disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Su Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Bong Min
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: In Seop
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Chang Beom
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Jong Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Joo Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Jin Oh
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Joon Seong
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Moon Sung
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chan Sup
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Boo Sung
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D015154:Esophageal Motility Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050782:Esophageal pH Monitoring; D004942:Esophagitis, Peptic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors