title: Differential activation of CRF receptor subtypes removes stress-induced memory deficit and anxiety.
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the role of corticotropin-releasing factor receptors 1 (CRF(1)) and 2 (CRF(2)) in anxiety-like behavior and learning of C57BL/6J mice after exposure to a stressful stimulus. When C57BL/6J mice were exposed to immobilization (1 h) serving as stressful stimulus, context- and tone-dependent fear conditioning were impaired if the training followed immediately after immobilization. The stress-induced impairment of context-dependent fear conditioning was prevented by specific blockade of CRF(2) of the lateral septum (LS) with anti-sauvagine-30. Immobilization did not only affect conditioned fear, but also enhanced, through CRF(2) of the LS, anxiety-like behavior determined with the elevated plus maze. Recovery from stress-induced anxiety and impairment of context-dependent fear conditioning was observed after 1 h delay of training and required hippocampal CRF(1), as indicated by the finding that this recovery was prevented by blockade of intrahippocampal CRF(1). It was concluded that exposure to a stressor initially affected both anxiety-like behavior and contextual conditioned fear through septal CRF(2), while the later activation of hippocampal CRF(1) resulted in the return to baseline levels of both processes. Intraventricular injection of mouse urocortin 2, a CRF(2)-selective agonist, removed the stress-induced anxiety and learning impairment, but did not reduce the activation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis indicative of the hormonal stress response. We propose that the enhanced anxiety is the component of the stress response responsible for the memory deficit.
authors.affiliation: John A Burns School of Medicine, SNRP2, 651, Ilalo St, Honolulu, Hawaii-96813, USA. cedomir@hawaii.edu
authors.forename: Cedomir
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Todorovic
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Radulovic
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jahn
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radulovic
authors.forename: Tessi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sherrin
authors.forename: Cathrin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hippel
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spiess
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D029845:Amphibian Proteins; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D001007:Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D001345:Autoradiography; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005239:Fear; D007103:Immobilization / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D010455:Peptides / Q000276:immunology; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D012686:Septal Nuclei / Q000187:drug effects; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D013997:Time Factors; D054832:Urocortins
chemical_list: D029845:Amphibian Proteins; D000906:Antibodies; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D010455:Peptides; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D054832:Urocortins; C518358:urocortin 2, mouse; C104416:astressin; C025727:sauvagine; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone