title: Chronic endometritis: correlation among hysteroscopic, histologic, and bacteriologic findings in a prospective trial with 2190 consecutive office hysteroscopies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the type and etiopathogenic role of infectious agents detected in endometrial cultures obtained from women with chronic endometritis (CE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  2190 women undergoing hysteroscopy for different indications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Vaginal and endometrial samples were collected from 438 women with a CE diagnosis at hysteroscopy and 100 women with no signs of CE (controls).
  
  
  METHODS
  Histology and cultures for common bacteria, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasma, and molecular biology testing for Chlamydia were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We compared results of vaginal and intrauterine cultures obtained from women with and without CE. Histologic results were positive in 388 of these cases (88.6%), and at least one microorganism was found in 320 endometrial samples (73.1%). In the control group, histologic results and endometrial culture were positive in only 6% and 5% of cases, respectively. The most frequent infectious agents detected at the endometrial level were common bacteria (58% of cases). Ureaplasma urealyticum was detected in 10% and Chlamydia in only 2.7% of positive endometrial cultures. In only 143 (32.6%) cases were the same infectious agent isolated in endometrial and vaginal cultures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More than 70% of CE cases resulted from nongonococcal, nonchlamydial infections. Common bacteria and Mycoplasma were the most frequent etiologic agents. Vaginal cultures have low concordance with endometrial cultures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy. cicinelli@gynecology1.uniba.it
authors.forename: Ettore
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cicinelli
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Ziegler
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nicoletti
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Colafiglio
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saliani
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Resta
authors.forename: Donatella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rizzi
authors.forename: Danila
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Vito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002689:Chlamydia / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016984:Enterococcus faecium; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D009174:Mycoplasma / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009819:Office Visits; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014509:Ureaplasma / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014599:Uterus / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology*