title: Drug uptake enhancement using sonodynamic effects at 4 MHz--a potential application for micro-ultrasonic-Transducers.
abstract: Sonodynamic therapy is a cancer treatment method that uses macro scale ultrasound devices to enhance the cytotoxic efficacy of anticancer drugs, such as doxorubicin [1]. In this paper, unconventional, miniature ultrasound transducers (5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm) were used to create a tone-burst ultrasound (4 MHz, 32 Watt/cm(2), 20% duty cycle, 50 ms burst period). It was found that the transducer significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced the immediate cells lysis when combining with doxorubicin (20 microM) in human prostate cancer cells (PC3). With a 30-s ultrasound exposure, the immediate cell lysis and long-term cytotoxicity were enhanced by 70% and 83%, respectively, compared to controls. We have demonstrated that ultrasound in combination with doxorubicin could strongly inhibit tumour cell proliferation in vitro at lower doses of the drug. This work is a first step towards a microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based, implantable micro-ultrasonic transducers (MUTs) that could be used in sonodynamic therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. tungsiu@interchange.ubc.ca
authors.forename: Tung
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Siu
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Burt
authors.forename: Mu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiao
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D053672:Electrochemotherapy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008904:Miniaturization; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014159:Transducers; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004317:Doxorubicin