[Obstetrical and neonatal outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus at Reunion Island (France)].
OBJECTIVE
To assess maternal and fetal outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.


METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted at the Sud-Reunion Hospital's maternity (French overseas department located in the Indian Ocean), during the period from January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2004. During this period, 1172 pregnant women presenting gestational diabetes mellitus were compared with 1172 non-diabetic controls matched on the basis of age, parity. Student t test, Pearson chi-square test and logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis.


RESULTS
Gestational diabetes mellitus complicates about 7.5% of pregnancies in Reunion Island. Its occurrence was associated with a significantly increased prevalence of pre-pregnancy obesity (27 versus 9.4%) and chronic hypertension (5.3 versus 3.3%). The prevalence of preeclampsia and obstetrical vascular disorders were not different between the two groups, respectively 2.2 versus 2.7% (P=0.43) and 6.2 versus 4.4% (P=0.06). The rate of caesarean sections and inductions of labour was increased in the study group. The term of delivery was inferior in the study group, consecutive to increased rate of labour induction at 38 week-gestation. Macrosomia and large for gestational age (LGA) newborns rate were significantly higher in the study group, respectively 8.9 versus 4.2% and 22.5 versus 10.1% (P<0.001) but the rate of admission into neonatal unit was not significantly different.


CONCLUSIONS
Active management of gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with low maternal and perinatal morbidity. While age and parity are controlled by the study design, the prevalence of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension are not increased in women presenting gestational diabetes mellitus.
Vivet-Lefébure
A
A
Clinique Gynécologique et Obstétricale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rouen, Rouen, France.
Roman
H
H
Robillard
P-Y
PY
Laffitte
A
A
Hulsey
T C
TC
Camp
G
G
Marpeau
L
L
Barau
G
G
D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007751:Labor, Induced / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016015:Logistic Models; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D010298:Parity; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012189:Retrospective Studies