title: Serum iron and plasma fibrinogen concentrations as indicators of systemic inflammatory diseases in horses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Detection of systemic inflammation, which is important for proper diagnosis and prompt treatment, can be challenging.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Measurement of plasma iron concentration is a sensitive method for detecting systemic inflammation in horses compared with measurements of plasma fibrinogen concentration, a traditional marker for inflammation in the horse.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-seven horses hospitalized with diseases causing systemic inflammation, 22 horses with localized inflammation, and 12 clinically normal horses were included in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was made on hospitalized horses that had both plasma iron and fibrinogen concentrations measured on hospital admission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma iron concentration was lower in horses with systemic inflammation (64 +/- 45 microg/dL) than the reference interval minimum (105 microg/dL) and were significantly lower (P = .001) than the value in a group of horses with local inflammation (123 +/- 45 microg/dL) and in healthy transported horses (143 +/- 29 microg/dL). Low plasma iron and high fibrinogen concentrations were both sensitive indicators of systemic inflammation in horses with sensitivity of 90 and 82%, respectively. There was a similar correlation between either continued decreases in iron concentration (Rsp of 0.239) or increases in fibrinogen concentration (Rsp of 0.280) during hospitalization and a worse prognosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Measurement of plasma iron concentration better reflected acute inflammation than did fibrinogen concentration.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Sao Paulo State University, Unesp, FMVZ Botucatu SP, Brazil. asborges@fmvz.unesp.br
authors.forename: Alexandre S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Divers
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stokol
authors.forename: O Hussni
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Mohammed
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006736:Horses; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D005340:Fibrinogen; D007501:Iron