title: Kaposi's sarcoma of the thyroid gland in an HIV-negative woman: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a neoplastic disease that affects primarily the skin, but visceral involvement is not uncommon. Most of the cases are seen in AIDS patients and transplant recipients; however, rare HIV-negative cases have also been reported. Involvement of the thyroid is exceedingly rare, with only a fw cases reported, all of them associated with AIDS.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 45-year-old, black, Haitian woman presented with a slowly enlarging left side of the thyroid. Computed tomography showed multiple thyroid nodules, and there was no uptake of iodine on the nuclear scan. Fine needle aspiration of the lesion was performed. The smears were composed of spindle and plasmacytoid cells, which raised the possibility of medullary carcinoma. The patient underwent left hemithyroidectomy. Histologic examination showed KS in the thyroid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We present the first case of KS of the thyroid in a HIV-negative patient. Familiarity with the cytologic features can be useful in making the diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Miami, Holtz Center, Florida 33136, USA. aponiecka@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poniecka
authors.forename: Zeina
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ghorab
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Amr
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khaled
authors.forename: Parvin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ganjei-Azar
mesh_terms: D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D005260:Female; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013965:Thyroidectomy