title: Occlusal changes following posterior tooth loss in adults. Part 1: a study of clinical parameters associated with the extent and type of supraeruption in unopposed posterior teeth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  One of the barriers to restoring an edentulous space may be the supraeruption of an unopposed tooth to occupy some or all of the space needed for prosthetic replacement. The aim of this study was to determine the extent and type of supraeruption associated with unopposed posterior teeth and to investigate the relationship between these and oral and patient factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diagnostic casts of 100 patients with an unopposed posterior tooth and of 100 control patients were scanned and analyzed to record the extent of supraeruption, together with other clinical parameters. The type of eruption present was defined for each subject as Periodontal Growth, Active Eruption, or Relative Wear. Generalized Linear Models were developed to examine associations between the extent and type of supraeruption and patient or dental factors. The extent of supraeruption for an individual was modeled to show association between the degree of supraeruption and clinical parameters. Three models were produced to show associations between each type of supraeruption and clinical parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean supraeruption for subjects was 1.68 mm (SD 0.79, range 0 to 3.99 mm) and for controls, 0.24 mm (SD 0.39, range 0 to 1.46 mm). The extent of supraeruption was statistically greater in maxillary unopposed teeth than in mandibular unopposed teeth. Supraeruption was found in 92% of subjects' unopposed teeth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A Generalized Linear Model could be produced to demonstrate that the clinical parameters associated with supraeruption are periodontal growth, attachment loss, and the lingual movement of the tooth distal to the extraction site. Three types of supraeruption, which may be present singly, or in combination, can be identified. Active eruption has an association with attachment loss. Periodontal growth has an inverse association with attachment loss, is more prevalent in younger patients, in the maxilla, in premolars, and in females. Relative wear has an association with increasing age and is more prevalent in unopposed mandibular teeth.
authors.affiliation: Restorative Dentistry, Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds, UK. H.L.Craddock@leeds.ac.uk
authors.forename: Helen L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Craddock
authors.forename: Callum C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Youngson
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manogue
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blance
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000503:physiopathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002508:Cephalometry; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000473:pathology; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000209:etiology*; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D008963:Molar / Q000503:physiopathology; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000145:classification; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000503:physiopathology; D012399:Rotation; D012737:Sex Factors; D019217:Tooth Attrition / Q000145:classification; D014078:Tooth Eruption / Q000502:physiology*; D016388:Tooth Loss / Q000150:complications*