title: Hispanic and Asian pubertal girls have higher android/gynoid fat ratio than whites.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine differences in body size, composition, and distribution of body fat among Hispanic, white, and Asian adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  This included cross-sectional data from the baseline sample of the Adequate Calcium Today trial. Participants included 180 Asian, 234 Hispanic, and 325 white girls 11.8 +/- 0.05 years of age from Arizona, California, Hawaii, Indiana, Ohio, and Nevada. Anthropometric and DXA measurements (Lunar Prodigy) were standardized across sites. Tanner pubertal stage was self-selected from line drawings. Physical activity was assessed by a validated questionnaire. Comparisons between ethnic groups were examined using contrasts in the context of a general linear model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Controlling for pubertal stage and study site only, Asians weighed less than Hispanics and were shorter than Hispanics and whites. Controlling for pubertal stage, height, weight, and study site, Asians had shorter leg lengths, smaller waist circumference, longer trunk lengths, more lean mass, less total fat mass, and less gynoid fat mass than Hispanics and whites; Asians had larger bitrochanteric width than whites; Asians had smaller DXA-derived android fat mass than Hispanics; and whites had smaller mean android/gynoid fat ratio than Hispanics. However, whites had a smaller android/gynoid fat ratio than both Asians and Hispanics in a model that adjusted for ethnicity, pubertal stage, bitrochanteric width, waist circumference, trunk length, log of physical activity, and study site, which explained 77% of the variation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ethnic differences in fat distribution are partially explained by differences in skeletal dimensions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East West Road, AgSci Building, Room 216, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. novotny@hawaii.edu
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Novotny
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Going
authors.forename: Dorothy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Teegarden
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Loan
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McCabe
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McCabe
authors.forename: Yihe G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Daida
authors.forename: Carol J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Boushey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001213:Asian; D001823:Body Composition; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D011627:Puberty / Q000208:ethnology*; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio; D044465:White People