title: Olive oil containing olive oil fatty acid esters of plant sterols and dietary diacylglycerol reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreases the tendency for peroxidation in hypercholesterolaemic subjects.
abstract: Plant sterols (PS) and MUFA are well-documented cholesterol lowering agents. We aimed to determine the effect of PS esterified to olive oil fatty acids (PS-OO) on blood lipid profile and lipid peroxidation in hypercholesterolaemic subjects. Twenty-one moderately overweight, hypercholesterolaemic subjects consumed three consecutive treatment diets, each lasting 28 d and separated by 4-week washout periods, using a randomized crossover design. Diets contained 30 % energy as fat, 70 % of which was provided by olive oil (OO), and differed only in the treatment oils: OO, PS esterified to sunflower oil fatty acids (PS-SO), and PS-OO. Both PS-SO and PS-OO treatments provided 1.7 g PS /d. PS-OO and PS-SO consumption resulted in a decrease (P = 0.0483) in LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations compared with the OO diet. Although total cholesterol and apo B-100 levels were not significantly affected, PS-SO and, to some extent, PS-OO reduced the total:HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (P = 0.0142) and the apo B-100:apo A-I ratio (P = 0.0168) compared with the OO diet. There were no differences across diets in lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) and lipid peroxidation levels. However, following consumption of OO and PS-SO, Lp(a) concentrations increased (P = 0.0050 and 0.0421, respectively), while PS-OO treatment did not affect Lp(a) levels. Furthermore, there was a decrease (P = 0.0097) in lipid peroxidation levels with PS-OO treatment during the supplementation phase. Our results suggest that supplementing an OO-rich diet with PS-OO favourably alters the plasma lipid profile and may decrease the susceptibility of LDL-C to lipid peroxidation in hypercholesterolaemic subjects.
authors.affiliation: The School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9.
authors.forename: Yen-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Demonty
authors.forename: Dori
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pelled
authors.forename: Peter J H
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism*; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D000069463:Olive Oil; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D001053:Apolipoproteins; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D004075:Diglycerides; D005227:Fatty Acids; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010840:Phytosterols; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D002784:Cholesterol