title: Interleukin-1 is not essential for expression of inducible NOS in hepatocytes induced by lipopolysaccharide in vivo.
abstract: Interleukin (IL)-1 and tumor necrotic factor alpha (TNFalpha) are pivotal in the pathogenesis of endotoxemia. In spite of the in vitro finding that IL-1beta, but not TNFalpha, can induce iNOS mRNA and NO production as a single stimulus in hepatocytes in primary culture, the involvement of IL-1 in iNOS induction in the liver has been less clear in vivo. To address this, we challenged IL-1alpha/beta double-knockout (IL-1alpha/beta(-/-)) and TNFalpha(-/-) mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). As compared with wild-type mice, the increases in the plasma NO level measured as nitrite and nitrate and hepatic iNOS were significantly reduced in IL-1alpha/beta(-/-) and TNFalpha(-/-) mice 8 and 12h after the LPS challenge. In the wild-type mice, iNOS protein was first detected in Kupffer cells around the portal vein 2h after LPS challenge; and then it spread to hepatocytes throughout the intralobular region of the liver by 8h. Although the expression of iNOS protein was detected in Kupffer cells of both IL-1alpha/beta(-/-) and TNFalpha(-/-) mice, its level was moderate in hepatocytes of IL-1alpha/beta(-/-) mice, but negligible in those of TNFalpha(-/-) mice, 8h after LPS challenge. Concomitant with the expression of iNOS protein in the liver, Toll-like receptor 4, the signaling receptor for LPS, was expressed in hepatocytes of wild-type and IL-1alpha/beta(-/-) mice, but not of TNFalpha(-/-) mice. These results demonstrate that the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 is well correlated with that of iNOS protein in hepatocytes in vivo after LPS challenge and that IL-1 is not essential for the induction of iNOS in hepatocytes in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Chemistry, Kansai Medical University, 10-15 Fumizono, Moriguchi 570-8506, Japan.
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Okuda-Ashitaka
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Hakuo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwakura
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II