Clinical, cellular, and molecular aspects of arterial calcification.
Arterial calcification is a complex and independently regulated process with risk factors similar to those for atherosclerotic occlusive disease. It may develop either within the atherosclerotic intima or in the media. When calcification is found in coronary or lower extremity arteries, it is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and lower extremity amputation. Recent evidence suggests a role for several endogenous stimulators and inhibitors in the pathogenesis of arterial calcification. Inflammatory mediators and matrix-degrading enzymes are also thought to control the progression of calcification in humans. Current research involves efforts to define the complex interactions between cellular and molecular mediators of arterial calcification.
Guzman
Raul J
RJ
Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA. raul.guzman@vanderbilt.edu
D000818:Animals; D001862:Bone Resorption; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020286:Pericytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010641:Phenotype; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors; D015398:Signal Transduction
D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D010758:Phosphorus; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D002118:Calcium