title: Nucleolin functions in nucleolus formation and chromosome congression.
abstract: A complex structure, designated the chromosome periphery, surrounds each chromosome during mitosis. Although several proteins have been shown to localize to the chromosome periphery, their functions during mitosis remain unclear. Here, we used a combination of high-resolution microscopy and RNA-interference-mediated depletion to study the functions of nucleolin, a nucleolar protein localized at the chromosome periphery, in interphase and mitosis. During mitosis, nucleolin was localized in the peripheral region including the vicinity of the outer kinetochore of chromosomes. Staining with an antibody specific for nucleolin phosphorylated by CDC2 revealed that nucleolin was also associated with the spindle poles from prometaphase to anaphase. Nucleolin depletion resulted in disorganization of the nucleoli at interphase. Furthermore, nucleolin-depleted cells showed a prolonged cell cycle with misaligned chromosomes and defects in spindle organization. The misaligned chromosomes showed syntelic kinetochore-microtubule attachments with reduced centromere stretching. Taken together, our results indicate that nucleolin is required for nucleolus formation, and is also involved in chromosome congression and spindle formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Sachihiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.forename: Rika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ono-Maniwa
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.forename: Kiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000378:metabolism; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D003703:Demecolcine / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D018386:Kinetochores / Q000378:metabolism; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism; D050257:Tubulin Modulators / Q000378:metabolism; D000097796:Nucleolin
chemical_list: D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D003703:Demecolcine; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D050257:Tubulin Modulators; D000097796:Nucleolin; C047458:fibrillarin