title: Intravenous cyclophosphamide for interstitial lung disease associated to systemic sclerosis: results with an 18-month long protocol including a maintenance phase.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cyclophosphamide (CYC) is generally considered the most promising agent available today for systemic sclerosis (SSc)-related interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, the optimal dosage and length of treatment are still undetermined. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of an 18-month long protocol with intravenous (iv) CYC.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a single-centre, prospective, observational study, 13 patients with SSc and active alveolitis were given 8 iv pulses in a 6-months period (CYC 750 mg + 6-methylprednisolone 125 mg every three weeks), as an induction therapy. Patients received maintenance therapy with further cycles at 4 (3 pulses), 6 (3 pulses) and 9 weeks (3 pulses) interval. Total CYC dosage was 12.75 g in an 18-month period. End-points were modifications of lung function test (LFT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the first 6 months of treatment with CYC an increase in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC; p = 0.005) and in diffusion lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO; p = 0.10) was observed; during the maintenance therapy, there was a stabilization in FVC and a mild, non significant decline in DLCO. Treatment was well tolerated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  iv CYC can induce an initial improvement in LFT (particularly, in FVC) in the first six months, but no further improvement was observed during the maintenance phase.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy. airo@bresciareumatologia.it
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Airò
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Danieli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frassi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cavazzana
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scarsi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grottolo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Franceschini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zambruni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000378:metabolism; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020551:Pulse Therapy, Drug; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000150:complications*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D003520:Cyclophosphamide