title: Effect of local competition on the willingness of community pharmacies to supply medication therapy management services.
abstract: The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA) provides a prescription drug benefit for Medicare-eligible seniors that includes access to medication therapy management services (MTMS) through pharmacists. We theorize that local community pharmacy market competition affects the decision of individual community pharmacies to provide MTMS. Our model suggests that MTMS services are more apt to be supplied in markets at the extremes of community pharmacy concentration (very low and very high). We found that local community pharmacy competition affected the service choices made by the pharmacy decision-makers willing to provide MTMS in a manner consistent with our theory. As a result, patient access to MTMS services depends on both (1) patient access to pharmacies willing to provide MTMS and (2) the level of local community pharmacy competition.
authors.affiliation: University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, USA.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: Donald G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Klepser
authors.forename: Julie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Urmie
authors.forename: Karen B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Farris
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Doucette
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003157:Community Pharmacy Services / Q000191:economics* / Q000600:supply & distribution; D003659:Decision Making, Organizational; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000191:economics*; D004465:Economic Competition / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D007356:Insurance, Pharmaceutical Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016015:Logistic Models; D006278:Medicare / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017059:Models, Econometric; D010067:Ownership / Q000191:economics; D010594:Pharmacies / Q000191:economics* / Q000600:supply & distribution; D011306:Prescription Fees / Q000639:trends; D014481:United States