title: Mechanism of saikosaponin-d in the regulation of rat mesangial cell proliferation and synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins.
abstract: Glomerulosclerosis is a common disorder in many types of chronic kidney diseases. Previous studies have shown that glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of glomerulosclerosis. The ability of saikosaponin-d (SSd) to reduce the damage of kidney in progressive glomerulosclerosis has been demonstrated. In this study, the effects of saikosaponin-d on MC proliferation and synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins were investigated. Rat MCs were isolated from Wistar rats and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium. MCs were challenged with lipopolysacchorides and incubated with different concentrations of SSd. Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry, and lactate dehydrogenase assays. Type IV collagen, fibronectin, and TGF-beta1 in the conditioned medium were measured. The expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 4, c-Jun, and c-Fos was determined by immunohistochemistry. At a concentration of 4 microg/mL or lower, SSd inhibited MC proliferation but did not cause cell death. SSd also inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of type IV collagen, fibronectin, and TGF-beta1 in MCs. Additionally, SSd reduced the expression of CDK4, c-Jun, and c-Fos in MCs. We conclude that SSd inhibited MC proliferation and synthesis of extracullular matrix proteins through the downregulation of the CDK4, c-Jun, and c-Fos genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zu
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Choy
authors.forename: Yuewen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002908:Chronic Disease; D024141:Collagen Type IV / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D050527:Mesangial Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D024141:Collagen Type IV; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D012503:Saponins; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D005340:Fibrinogen; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C025759:saikosaponin D