title: Early Trends in PaO(2)/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio predict outcome in lung transplant recipients with severe primary graft dysfunction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The development of severe primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a risk factor for perioperative death following lung transplantation. Our goal is to improve the predictive value of the earliest Pao(2)/fraction of inspired oxygen (P/F) measurements that gauge PGD severity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified 96 patients with severe PGD (P/F < 200) at ICU arrival through a retrospective review of 431 lung transplants performed at our institution from 1992 to 2005. The P/F trend, represented as quartiles of the 12-h percentage change in P/F, was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Study outcomes were 90-day death and long-term survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median percentage change in P/F over 12 h was + 52% (interquartile range, +20 to 90%). We observed the highest early mortality among those in the lowest quartile of the P/F trend (an increase in P/F <or= 20%). Ninety-day death rates decreased across the quartiles (low quartile, 32%; low-mid quartile, 9%; high-mid quartile, 5%; high quartile, 5%; test for trend, p = 0.007). After adjustment for the use of cardiopulmonary bypass, those in the lowest quartile of P/F trend had 6.8 times the odds of early death vs patients with a more favorable trend (odds ratio, 6.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.73 to 0.51; p = 0.007). In the first 5 years after transplant, there were significantly more deaths within the low quartile group vs those with a more rapidly increasing P/F trend (log-rank test, p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among lung recipients with severe PGD at ICU arrival, an improvement in P/F <or= 20% in the first 12 h portends a poor outcome.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Prekker
authors.forename: Cynthia S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Herrington
authors.forename: Marshall I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Hertz
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Radosevich
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Dahlberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014692:Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio / Q000502:physiology*