title: Dimethyl sulphoxide relaxes rabbit detrusor muscle by decreasing the Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile apparatus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The intravesical administration of dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) is used to alleviate the symptoms of interstitial cystitis. We investigated the relaxant effect of DMSO and its underlying mechanism in the detrusor muscle.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of DMSO on contraction, on Ca2+ sensitivity of myofilaments, and on myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation were investigated in both intact and alpha-toxin-permeabilized strips of rabbit detrusor muscle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In fura-PE3-loaded strips, DMSO (>1%) induced a significant relaxation during sustained contractions induced by 60 mM K+-depolarization or 10 microM carbachol, while having no effect on the [Ca2+](i) level. DMSO decreased the level of MLC phosphorylation during the contractions induced by 60 mM K+ and 10 microM carbachol. DMSO also inhibited both the contraction and MLC phosphorylation induced by calyculin-A in intact strips. In the alpha-toxin-permeabilized preparations, DMSO relaxed the Ca2+-induced contraction and also inhibited the tension development induced by a stepwise increment of Ca2+ concentrations. Such a relaxant effect of DMSO was enhanced in the presence of phosphate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DMSO relaxes rabbit detrusor muscle by decreasing the Ca2+ sensitivity of myofilaments. Inhibition of the kinase activities involved in myosin phosphorylation may play a major role in DMSO-induced Ca2+ desensitization. Inhibition of the cross-bridge cycling at the step of phosphate release may also contribute to the relaxant effect of DMSO. Such relaxant effects of DMSO could be linked to the therapeutic effect of DMSO in interstitial cystitis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Cardiology, Research Institute of Angiocardiology, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: K-i
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Shiga
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Niiro
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanaide
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D018679:Cholinergic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018994:Myosin Light Chains / Q000378:metabolism; D009219:Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000494:pharmacology; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000077191:Wortmannin
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000730:Androstadienes; D002147:Calmodulin; D018679:Cholinergic Agonists; D018994:Myosin Light Chains; D010710:Phosphates; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D002217:Carbachol; D009219:Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D002118:Calcium; D000077191:Wortmannin; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide