title: The ductal stretching technique: an endoscopic-assisted technique for removal of submandibular stones.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to describe an innovative surgical technique for the removal of posterior and hilar stones of the submandibular salivary duct.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1999 and 2005, 172 patients who had sialolithiasis of the submandibular duct were treated primarily by transoral incision and marsupialization of the duct and salivary gland. The ductal stretching technique involved endoscopic location of the stone, incision of the oral mucosa above the duct, isolation of the duct from the surrounding tissues, stretching of the duct, ductal incision above the calculus, sialolithotomy, and insertion of a drain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-one patients with stones located in the posterior aspect of the duct were symptom-free and stone free after the procedure. One hundred and five patients with stones located in the hilum were treated with a success rate of 98%. Twenty-six patients with multiple stones in the hilar region were treated with a success rate of 81%. The overall success rate of the procedure was 96%. In 48 patients (28%), an additional undetected stone was diagnosed by endoscopy after the removal of the stone in the hilum. In 62 patients (36%), strictures were diagnosed endoscopically posterior to the stone. Lingual nerve paresthesia occurred in one patient, who recovered completely.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ductal stretching technique is recommended as the procedure of choice in cases with posterior and hilar stones more than 5 mm in diameter to avoid surgical removal of the salivary gland.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel. nahlieli@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Oded
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nahlieli
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shacham
authors.forename: Ami
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zagury
authors.forename: Tal
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bar
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yoffe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D012465:Salivary Duct Calculi / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D018987:Salivary Ducts; D012796:Sialography; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000658:Amoxicillin