title: Depression and ischemic heart disease: what have we learned from clinical trials?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Discuss the interplay of depression and ischemic heart disease. Studies demonstrate high prevalence of depression and its negative impact among patients with ischemic heart disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results extend previous findings among men, demonstrating a significant increase in mortality and cardiovascular events among depressed women. Sertraline, citalopram and mitrazapine have been shown to be safe and well tolerated in patients with ischemic heart disease. Sertraline and citalopram have demonstrated efficacy for treating depression in such patients. Mirtazapine did not have significant efficacy on post-myocardial infarction depression. Cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy have not been found to have a significant treatment effect. Treating depression may have an impact on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but this has not yet been adequately studied. Studies to date lack sufficient statistical power to fully examine the impact of interventions for depression on cardiovascular outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiologists encounter depression among 25-30% of their patients with ischemic heart disease. Depression is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis among ischemic heart disease patients, at a level comparable to several conventional cardiac risk factors. Adequate treatment of depression may improve the poor prognosis of depressed patients with ischemic heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rivelli
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000523:psychology*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors