[Clinical analysis of conversion from gynecological laparoscopic surgery to laparotomy].
OBJECTIVE
To discuss the causes and clinical significance of conversion to laparotomy during laparoscopic surgery.


METHODS
Three thousand two hundred and three cases who underwent laparoscopic surgery during the past five years were analyzed retrospectively.


RESULTS
Three thousand one hundred and eighty cases underwent laparoscopic surgery, in which 23 cases were converted to laparotomy due to factors including severe pelvic adhesions (6 cases), complex disease with difficulties in laparoscopy (7 cases), massive haemorrhage (3 cases), bladder trauma (1 case), gastric trauma (1 case), intestinal trauma (1 case), as well as unexpected malignant genitalia neoplasm (4 cases).


CONCLUSIONS
The major causes for the conversion to laparotomy during gynecology laparoscopic surgery are severe pelvic adhesion and complex disease with difficulties in laparoscopy. Careful evaluation before surgery and conversion to laparotomy at the right moment can decrease the complication.
Cheng
Jiu-mei
JM
Department of Center Minimally Invasive Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100006, China.
Duan
Hua
H
Wang
Jin-juan
JJ
Zhang
Hong-tao
HT
Liu
Yun
Y
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000601:surgery*; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D007813:Laparotomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome