title: Immunomodulation of the response to excretory/secretory antigens of Fasciola hepatica by Anapsos in Balb/C mice and rat alveolar macrophages.
abstract: It is known that excretory/secretory antigens of Fasciola hepatica (ESFh) trigger a Th2-like immune response. Anapsos (A) is an aqueous hydrosoluble extract obtained from the rhizomes of the fern Polypodium leucotomos that has shown immunomodulator effects in some parasitic infections and immunological disorders. In this work we assess the effect of Anapsos and ESFh and Quillaja saponaria extract (Qs) on BALB/c mice and rat alveolar macrophages. Anapsos modulates the response of mice immunized with ESFh, decreasing IgG antibodies in A+ESFh- and A+Qs+ESFh-treated mice and triggering high levels of gammaIFN in spleen cell culture in comparison with ESFh- and Qs + ESFh--treated groups. Moreover, Anapsos showed statistically significant inhibitory effects on the nitrite production by rat alveolar macrophages prestimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as well as ESFh antigen in comparison with macrophages stimulated only with LPS. The application of ESFh and Anapsos combined avoids this inhibitory effect. Thus, Anapsos modulates the immune response against ESFh in naive mice and on the nitrite production in prestimulated rat aveolar macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Parasitologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Avda. Campo Charro s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: López-Abán
authors.forename: Maria do Amparo
authors.initials: Mdo A
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Juan José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Nogal-Ruiz
authors.forename: Antonio R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Martínez-Fernández
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005210:Fasciola hepatica / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006027:Glycosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000032:analysis; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009573:Nitrites / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D032494:Polypodium / Q000737:chemistry*; D031990:Quillaja / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D006027:Glycosides; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D009573:Nitrites; D010936:Plant Extracts; D015847:Interleukin-4; C006870:anapsos; D007371:Interferon-gamma