title: Use of music during physical therapy intervention for an infant with Erb's palsy: a single-subject design.
abstract: Evidence supporting the use of music during pediatric physical therapy intervention is limited. The purpose of this single-subject design was to evaluate the effects of music on patient progress, the amount of crying during therapy, and parent satisfaction with physical therapy services. The subject was an infant girl with Erb's palsy who participated in this study from age 8 months to age 20 months. An A-B-A withdrawal single-subject design was used. The patient's progress was assessed by using the T.I.M.E. The amount of crying was documented in the Crying Log. A parent satisfaction questionnaire was administered three times over the course of the study. The subject's progress in the music intervention period increased on three of five primary subtests of the T.I.M.E. The amount of crying decreased and parent satisfaction increased when music was played during therapy. Music may be used by pediatric physical therapists to decrease the patient's crying, increase parent satisfaction, and possibly to increase the child's rate of progress. Further research conducted with a group of infants and toddlers may help generalize these findings to a wider patient population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA. Mary.Rahlin@rosalindfranklin.edu
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahlin
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cech
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rheault
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stoecker
mesh_terms: D020516:Brachial Plexus Neuropathies / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D002657:Child Development; D003448:Crying; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007596:Joints / Q000503:physiopathology; D009043:Motor Activity; D009048:Motor Skills; D009147:Music Therapy; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D004856:Postural Balance; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome