Combined analysis of genetic and environmental factors on essential hypertension in a brazilian rural population in the Amazon region.
OBJECTIVE
In the present study, we evaluated the contribution of six genetic polymorphisms of the Renin-Angiotensis-Aldosterone system (RAAS) and clinical risk factors in the development of essential hypertension in a Brazilian rural population in the Amazon region.


METHODS
Eighty-two hypertensive patients and seventy-eight normotensive individuals were evaluated. Genotyping for renin (REN G1051A), angiotensinogen (AGT) M235T, insertion/deletion of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE I/D), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) A1166C and aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) C344T polymorphisms were performed using polymerase chain reaction, with further restriction analysis when required. The influence of genetic polymorphisms and clinical risk factors on blood pressure variation was assessed by stepwise linear regression.


RESULTS
We report the co-occurrence of clinical risk factors and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism in a Brazilian rural population in the Amazon region. Our results indicate that increase of systolic blood pressure (SBP) is favored by ACE I/D- D allele and advanced age, while alcohol consumption and aging are associated with high diastolic blood pressure (DBP).


CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that in the Santa Isabel do Rio Negro population, the residents that carry ACE-D allele or have an alcohol consumption habit present higher values of SBP and DBP, respectively, with the passing of years.
Freitas
Silvia Regina Sampaio
SR
Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ,Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. sroig@ioc.fiocruz.br
Cabello
Pedro Hernan
PH
Moura-Neto
Rodrigo Soares
RS
Dolinsky
Luciana Cresta
LC
Bóia
Marcio Neves
MN
D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D001938:Brazil; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population
D005819:Genetic Markers