title: Expression and regulation of Xenopus CRMP-4 in the developing nervous system.
abstract: The collaspin response mediator proteins (CRMPs) are a family of cytosolic phosphoproteins which play a critical role in the establishment of neuronal polarity and growth cone guidance. Here, we describe the temporal and spatial expression of CRMP-4 during early Xenopus embryogenesis. CRMP-4 transcripts were first detected by whole mount in situ hybridization at the end of gastrulation in the prospective neuroectoderm. During open neural plate stages, CRMP-4 was expressed broadly throughout the anterior neural plate and in the three bilateral stripes of the posterior neural plate where primary neurons arise. The expression in the territories of primary neurogenesis prefigures that of the post-mitotic neuronal marker N-tubulin. At tadpole stages, expression was maintained throughout the central nervous system and in the retina of the eye. Consistent with the observed expression, CRMP-4 transcripts are positively regulated by X-ngnr-1 and negatively by Notch signaling. The observed expression and regulation of CRMP-4 differ from that of the CRMP-2, which is induced by the events of neural induction.
authors.affiliation: DFG-Center of Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Department of Developmental Biochemistry, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Souopgui
authors.forename: Tiemo J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Klisch
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pieler
authors.forename: Kristine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Henningfeld
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D005775:Gastrula; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009420:Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012160:Retina / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014981:Xenopus / Q000196:embryology*; D029867:Xenopus Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C523016:DPYSL3 protein, Xenopus; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D029867:Xenopus Proteins