title: Bovine spongiform encephalopathy and spatial analysis of the feed industry.
abstract: In France, despite the ban of meat-and-bone meal (MBM) in cattle feed, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) was detected in hundreds of cattle born after the ban. To study the role of MBM, animal fat, and dicalcium phosphate on the risk for BSE after the feed ban, we conducted a spatial analysis of the feed industry. We used data from 629 BSE cases as well as data on use of each byproduct and market area of the feed factories. We mapped risk for BSE in 951 areas supplied by the same factories and connection with use of byproducts. A disease map of BSE with covariates was built with the hierarchical Bayesian modeling methods, based on Poisson distribution with spatial smoothing. Only use of MBM was spatially linked to risk for BSE, which highlights cross-contamination as the most probable source of infection after the feed ban.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Saint Genès Champanelle, France.
authors.forename: Mathilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abrial
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jarrige
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rican
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garrido
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Calavas
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ducrot
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis* / Q000600:supply & distribution; D000818:Animals; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D001688:Biological Products; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D002417:Cattle; D016643:Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D005223:Fats; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D008461:Meat Products / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D008903:Minerals; D012306:Risk; D019371:Topography, Medical
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D005223:Fats; D008903:Minerals; C027762:bone meal