title: Worsening of quality of life after epilepsy surgery: effect of seizures and memory decline.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgery for intractable temporal lobe epilepsy usually controls seizures and improves health-related quality of life (HRQOL), but some patients experience continued seizures, memory decline, or both. The relative impact of these unfavorable outcomes on HRQOL has not been described.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied seizure control, memory change, and HRQOL among 138 patients in the Multicenter Study of Epilepsy Surgery (MSES), an ongoing, prospective study of epilepsy surgery outcomes. Seizure remission at 2 years and 5 years was prospectively determined based upon regularly scheduled follow-up calls to study patients throughout the follow-up period. HRQOL was assessed annually using the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory (QOLIE-89). Memory decline was determined by change in verbal delayed recall from baseline to the 2- or 5-year follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HRQOL improved in patients who were in remission at the 2-year or 5-year follow-up, regardless of memory outcome. Among those not in remission at both 2 and 5 years (25/138, 18%), HRQOL remained stable when memory did not decline (14/138, 10%), but HRQOL declined when memory did decline (11/138, 8%). These 11 patients had baseline characteristics predictive of poor seizure or memory outcome. Declines were most apparent on HRQOL subscales assessing memory, role limitations, and limitations in work, driving, and social activities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After temporal resection, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) improves or remains stable in seizure-free patients despite memory decline, but HRQOL declines when persistent seizures are accompanied by memory decline. These results may be useful in presurgical counseling and identifying patients at risk for poor psychosocial outcome following surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. john_langfitt@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Langfitt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Westerveld
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hamberger
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Walczak
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Cicchetti
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Vickrey
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Barr
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sperling
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Masur
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Spencer
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000328:Adult; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000592:standards; D018579:Patient Selection; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome