title: Racial/ethnic differences in survival among elderly patients with a primary glioblastoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies have assessed racial/ethnic differences in survival after primary glioblastoma diagnosis. We investigate these differences, incorporating information on White, Hispanics and Asians, as well as White, non-Hispanics and Blacks, among elderly individuals with a primary glioblastoma utilizing the population-based Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program-Medicare linked database.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,530 individuals diagnosed > = 66 years of age from 6/1/91 to 12/31/99 in the SEER data were linked with Medicare information from 1/1/91 to 12/31/01. All individuals had Medicare Parts A and B and were non-HMO for 6 months before and 12 months after diagnosis to gather pre-diagnosis co-morbidities and post-diagnosis first course of treatment. Survival differences by race/ethnicity and by race/ethnicity stratified by treatment type and/or median household income were examined using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant racial/ethnic differences existed between White, non-Hispanics and Blacks in marital status, income and SEER registry region for the entire US. In analysis limited to the West region, significant racial/ethnic differences existed for income only. Overall there were no differences in survival between White, non-Hispanics and Blacks, however, in analysis limited to the West region, Asians had a lower risk of death compared to White, non-Hispanics [HR = 0.67, 95% CI (0.43, 1.03)]. Asians who had multiple treatments also had a lower risk of death compared to White, non-Hispanics [HR = 0.65, 95% CI (0.41, 1.01)].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Racial/ethnic differences in survival after primary glioblastoma diagnosis exist and may be partially explained by racial/ethnic differences in treatment and income.
authors.affiliation: Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-5065, USA. jsb42@case.edu
authors.forename: Jill S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Barnholtz-Sloan
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Maldonado
authors.forename: Vonetta L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Curry
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Rodkey
authors.forename: Frederick G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: Andrew E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Sloan
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001213:Asian / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D006278:Medicare; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018426:SEER Program / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data