title: Does heart failure therapy differ according to patient sex?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess differences in clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome between men and women with heart failure (HF) treated at a multidisciplinary HF unit. All patients had their first unit visit between August 2001 and April 2004.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 350 patients, 256 men, with a mean age of 65 +/- 10.6 years. In order to assess the pharmacological intervention more homogeneously, the analysis was made at one year of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women were significantly older than men (69 +/- 8.8 years vs. 63.6 +/- 10.9 years, p < 0.001). Significant differences were found in the HF etiology and in co-morbidities. A higher proportion of men were treated with ACEI (83% vs. 68%, p < 0.001) while more women received ARB (18% vs. 8%, p = 0.006), resulting in a similar percentage of patients receiving either of these two drugs (men 91% vs. women 87%). No significant differences were observed in the percentage of patients receiving beta-blockers, loop diuretics, spironolactone, anticoagulants, amiodarone, nitrates or statins. More women received digoxin (39% vs. 22%, p = 0.001) and more men aspirin (41% vs. 31%, p = 0.004). Carvedilol doses were higher in men (29.4 +/- 18.6 vs. 23.8 +/- 16.4, p = 0.03), ACEI doses were similar between sexes, and furosemide doses were higher in women (66 mg +/- 26.2 vs. 56 mg +/- 26.2, p < 0.05). Mortality at 1 year after treatment analysis was similar between sexes (10.4% men vs. 10.5% women).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite significant differences in age, etiology and co-morbidities, differences in treatment between men and women treated at a multidisciplinary HF unit were small. Mortality at 1 year after treatment analysis was similar for both sexes.
authors.affiliation: Unitat d'Insuficiència Cardíaca, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain. jlupon.germanstrias@gencat.net
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lupón
authors.forename: Agustín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urrutia
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Crisanto
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Díez
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Altimir
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Albaladejo
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pascual
authors.forename: Celestino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rey-Joly
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Valle
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015897:Comorbidity; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents