title: Metal oxide coated cell culture arrays for rapid biological screening.
abstract: The biointerface of metallic alloy implants is a spontaneously formed metal oxide layer. This study presents a novel method for creating titanium oxide xerogel coated microplates for high-throughput biological screening that overcomes several limitations of using bulk metal samples to study oxides. Metal-organic precursors were used to evaluate the influence of Al, V, Ca, and P doped smooth and textured titanium oxide xerogel coatings on the bioresponse of human fibroblasts to increase understanding of the soft tissue sealing around transepithelial devices. Coatings made of titanium n-butoxide were characteristically smooth, while those of titanium isopropoxide were micro- and nanofeatured. Screening consisted of WST-1 proliferation assay, calcein AM cell number and viability assay, and a modified cell seeding efficiency and centrifugation adhesion assay. Small variations in initial attachment and centrifugation adhesion of human fibroblasts were observed among the coatings and comparable to tissue-culture treated polystyrene. Proliferation and viability at 24 and 48 h were reduced by the 10 and 20% vanadium additions. Metal oxide coated microplates are adaptable to the investigation of a wide range of metal-organic derived chemistries and the influence of oxide texture, and level of oxide crystallinity and oxide grain size on the biological responses of cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA. john_jarrell@brown.edu
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Jarrell
authors.forename: Tai H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Eun
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samale
authors.forename: Clyde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Briant
authors.forename: Brian W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Sheldon
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Morgan
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006801:Humans; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium