title: Intramuscular and nerve root stimulation vs lidocaine injection to trigger points in myofascial pain syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacies of an intramuscular stimulation technique and 0.5% lidocaine injection to trigger points in myofascial pain syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-three people with myofascial pain syndrome of the upper trapezius muscle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two subjects were treated with intramuscular stimulation and another 21 with 0.5% lidocaine injection at all the trigger points on days 0, 7 and 14.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intramuscular stimulation resulted in a significant reduction in Wong-Baker FACES pain scale scores at all visits and was more effective than trigger point injection. Intramuscular stimulation also resulted in significant improvement on the Geriatric Depression Scale - Short Form. Local twitch responses occurred in 97.7% (42/43) of patients. All the passive cervical ranges of motion were significantly increased. Post-treatment soreness was noted in 54.6% of patients in the intramuscular stimulation group and 38.1% in the trigger point injection group, respectively, and gross subcutaneous haemorrhage (> 4 cm2) was seen in only one patient in the trigger point injection group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In managing myofascial pain syndrome, after one month intramuscular stimulation resulted in more significant improvements in pain intensity, cervical range of motion and depression scales than did 0.5% lidocaine injection of trigger points. Intramuscular stimulation is therefore recommended for myofascial pain syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyuk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ga
authors.forename: Hee-Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Ji-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Chang-Hwan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D009209:Myofascial Pain Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine