title: Toxicity of Myristica fagrans seed compounds against Blattella germanica (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae).
abstract: The insecticidal constituents of hexane-soluble fraction from a methanolic extract of the seeds from Myristica fragrans (Myristicaceae) against adult females of Blattella germanica (L.) (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) were analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The insecticidal activity of 13 Myristica seed compounds against female B. germanica was examined by using the filter-paper contact toxicity and vapor phase toxicity bioassays. Results were compared with those of the other 23 known compounds of Myristica seed and currently used insecticides: dichlorvos, deltamethrin, permethrin, and propoxur. In contact toxicity tests using female B. germanica, (IS)-(-) -beta-pinene (0.06 mg/cm2) was the most toxic insecticide, based on 24-h LD50 values. The insecticidal activity of this compound was comparable with that of permethrin (0.05 mg/cm2). (1R)-(+) -Camphor, (1S)-(-) -camphor, dipentene, (1R)-(+) -3-pinene, and (+)-alpha-terpineol (0.10-0.14 mg/cm2) were more toxic than propoxur (0.19 mg/cm2). (E)-Sabinene hydrate and propoxur were almost equitoxic. Potent insecticidal activity also was observed with (R)-(+) -citronellal, (S)-(-) -citronellal, (R)-(-) -alpha-phellandrene, (1S)-(-) -alpha-pinene, (1R)-(+) -alpha-pinene, and safrole (0.27-0.48 mg/cm2). In vapor phase toxicity tests, the compounds tested were effective in closed but not in open containers. These results indicate that the effect of these compounds was largely a result of action in the vapor phase. Myristica seed compounds described merit further study as potential insecticides or as leads for the control of cockroaches.
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Woo-Chul
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Young-Su
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Tran Trung
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Hieu
authors.forename: Chong-Kyu
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young-Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Ahn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003058:Cockroaches / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006586:Hexanes / Q000737:chemistry; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D026323:Myristica / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D006586:Hexanes; D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts