title: Exploring the relationships between depression, hopelessness, cognitive status, pain, and spirituality in patients with advanced cancer.
abstract: The growing interest in the psychological morbidity of patients with cancer has been the major reason for conducting this study. The measurements used were the Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, the Mini Mental State Examination, the Greek Brief Pain Inventory, and the Spiritual Involvement and Beliefs Scale. The analysis was conducted in 82 patients with advanced cancer. Significant associations were found between pain interference in "mood" and in "enjoyment of life" and hopelessness, as well as between worse pain and pain interference items with depression and cognitive status. Significant correlations were found between hopelessness, depression, and cognitive condition. These findings demonstrate the physical, psychological, and cognitive aspects of patients with cancer.
authors.affiliation: Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Department of Radiology, Areteion Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. mistakidou@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Kyriaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mystakidou
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tsilika
authors.forename: Efi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Parpa
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pathiaki
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Patiraki
authors.forename: Antonis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Galanos
authors.forename: Lambros
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vlahos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D008875:Middle Aged; D009013:Morale; D009042:Motivation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012069:Religion and Psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D029181:Spirituality; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires