title: A hybrid algorithm with artifact detection mechanism for region filling after object removal from a digital photograph.
abstract: This work aims to develop a novel function of the digital camera, i.e., region-filling after object removal from a digital photograph. This problem is defined as how to "guess" the Lacuna region after removal of an object by replicating a part from the remainder of the whole image with visually plausible quality. We propose a hybrid region-filling algorithm composed of a texture synthesis technique and an efficient interpolation method with a refinement approach: 1) the "subpatch texture synthesis technique" can synthesize the Lacuna region with significant accuracy; 2) the "weighted interpolation method" is applied to reduce computaion time; and 3) the "artifact detection mechanism" integrates the Kirsch edge detector and color ratio gradients to detect the artifact blocks in the filled region after the first pass of filling the Lacuna region when the result may not be satisfactory. This can lead to resynthesizing the artifact blocks without user intervention and can be compliant to the unsuccessful results of other algorithms. In the procedure of region-filling, color texture distribution analysis is used to choose whether the subpatch texture synthesis technique or the weighted interpolation method should be applied. In the subpatch texture synthesis technique, the actual pixel values of the Lacuna region are synthesized by adaptively sampling from the source region. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm can achieve a better performance than previous methods. Particularly, the regular computation of our proposed algorithm is more suitable for implementation of the hardware in a digital camera.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC. hanjenhsu@gmail.com
authors.forename: Han-Jen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Jhing-Fa
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shang-Chia
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods; D009716:Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013382:Subtraction Technique