title: Clinical application of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in healthy newborns.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Auditory and vestibular functions have critical importance in infancy because they may affect motor and mental development. We aimed to determine the normal values of the vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) parameters to provide a reference for further research regarding the early diagnosis of vestibular dysfunction in newborns.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four term newborns (12 girls, 12 boys), with birth weights greater than 2500 g and Apgar scores higher than 7 at 1 min, were studied. Tympanometry, auditory-evoked brainstem responses, transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions, and VEMP recordings were assessed in all subjects during fourth week after birth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All newborns passed the audiologic evaluation, and biphasic waveforms of the VEMP were obtained in all 48 tested ears. Mean latencies of p13, n23, and p13-n23 intervals were 13.7+/-1.1, 20.5+/-1.6, and 7.1+/-2.1 ms, respectively. The mean amplitude value was 22.6+/-18.4 microV. There were no significant differences in latency values or amplitudes with regard to sex or side of ear tested in newborns.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VEMP may easily be used for early evaluation of vestibular dysfunction in newborns. Because results may differ owing to test techniques and age, every laboratory should have its own normal values.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Baskent University, 06640 Bahcelievler, Ankara, Turkey. seyraerbek@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Seyra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erbek
authors.forename: Selim S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Erbek
authors.forename: Zeynel
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gokmen
authors.forename: Servet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozkiraz
authors.forename: Aylin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tarcan
authors.forename: Levent N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Ozluoglu
mesh_terms: D000158:Acoustic Impedance Tests; D004576:Electromyography / Q000295:instrumentation; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000502:physiology; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous / Q000502:physiology; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000502:physiology*