title: Social learning contributions to the etiology and treatment of functional abdominal pain and inflammatory bowel disease in children and adults.
abstract: This paper reviews empirical work on cognitive and social learning contributions to the etiology and treatment of illness behavior associated with functional abdominal pain and inflammatory bowel disease. A particular emphasis is placed on randomized controlled trials, the majority of which are multi-modal in orientation, incorporating elements of cognitive behavioral therapy, social learning, and relaxation. Based on this review, we offer methodological and clinical suggestions: (1) Research investigations should include adequate sample sizes, long-term follow-up assessments, and a credible, active control group. (2) Standard gastrointestinal practice should include, when appropriate, learning opportunities for patients and family members, for example, instruction regarding the encouragement of wellness behavior.
authors.forename: Rona L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Shelby L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Langer
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Whitehead
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003071:Cognition; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007858:Learning; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic