title: Melatonin and thyroxine response to pollution in white stork nestlings (Ciconia ciconia): aspects of rhythmicity and age.
abstract: There is growing evidence that ubiquitous environmental contaminants may interfere with vertebrate endocrine systems. The selected endocrine biomarkers are used to indicate the condition of free-ranging populations of wildlife, including avian species. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of environment quality on serum thyroxine (T4) and melatonin (Mel) in white stork nestlings (Ciconia ciconia) living in different locations: small villages in natural areas surrounded by forests and crop fields, near the city and near the copper smelter. We extended our analyses to examine the hormones' day-night changes in conjunction with chicks' age. Total serum T4 and Mel was measured by RIA. T4 level, as a decisive measure of thyroid hormone productivity, was significantly lower in the nestlings exposed to pollutants from the copper smelter. Mel, as a well-known scavenger of free radicals, was elevated in the nestlings in the area near the copper smelter. This study indicates that alteration in T4 and Mel levels could be a useful marker of exposure of nestling wild storks to different toxic substances in field studies. Mel is postulated to be a susceptible defensive molecule as a protective mechanism for organisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, Pomeranian University of Słupsk, Arciszewskiego 22A St., 76-200 Słupsk, Poland. ekulczykowska@iopan.gda.pl
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kulczykowska
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kasprzak
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kalamarz
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuriata
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nietrzeba
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jerzak
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kamiński
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001717:Birds / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000097:blood*; D008550:Melatonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008550:Melatonin; D013974:Thyroxine