title: Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification identification of deletions and duplications of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene in Taiwanese subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are X-linked recessive disorders caused by mutations in the DMD gene. We intended to determine the distribution of DMD gene deletions and duplications in local Taiwanese male patients and potential female carriers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 102 unrelated subjects, including 89 unrelated DMD/BMD male patients and another 13 unrelated potential female carriers, were recruited for this study. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was employed to detect DMD gene deletions and duplications in the 102 subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MLPA was informative in 60.7% (54/89) of these patients, identifying deletions in 36.0% (32/89) and duplications in 24.7% (22/89) of these patients. This assay revealed deletions in 30.8% (4/13) and duplications in 30.8% (4/13) of the 13 potential carriers. Deletions and duplications were detected in 35.3% (36/102) and 25.5% (26/102) of a total of 102 affected families, respectively in this series. The "hotspot" regions of the duplications were close to those of the deletions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MLPA was proven to be a powerful tool for the detection of DMD gene deletions and duplications in male patients and female carriers. There was a relatively lower frequency of deletion and a higher frequency of duplication of DMD gene in this population compared to previous reports.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Hwa
authors.forename: Yih-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chung-Hsiung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yen-Shi
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: Yuh-Jyh
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jong
authors.forename: Mei-Chyn
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Tsang-Ming
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Ko
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis / Q000379:methods; D015342:DNA Probes; D016189:Dystrophin / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D020440:Gene Duplication; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: C484258:DMD protein, human; D015342:DNA Probes; D016189:Dystrophin