The cda GenoTox assay: a new and sensitive method for detection of environmental genotoxins, including nitroarenes and aromatic amines.
A new bacterial test system for detection of genotoxic compounds was developed, based on two new Salmonella typhimurium tester strains, TGO1 and TGO2. Both strains contain a gene fusion between a strong SOS-promotor, P(cda), and the gfp gene, which allows detection of genotoxic compounds that induce the SOS response. SOS induction was detected by means of flow cytometry. TGO1 showed an increased sensitivity to N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine compared with a previously developed strain, which had an Escherichia coli strain as host instead of S. typhimurium. S9 mix was introduced into the assay, making the test system suitable for detection of indirect mutagens. Furthermore, the genes for bacterial nitro-reductase (NR) and o-acetyl transferase (o-AT) were inserted into TGO2, making it an NR- and o-AT-over-expressing strain. This resulted in an assay that was able to detect the nitroarene 1-nitropyrene and the aromatic amine 2-aminoanthracene with high sensitivity.
Østergaard
Trine G
TG
Department of Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Sølvgade 83H, 1307 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Hansen
Lars H
LH
Binderup
Mona-Lise
ML
Norman
Anders
A
Sørensen
Søren J
SJ
D000588:Amines / Q000032:analysis*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001711:Biotransformation; D017931:DNA Primers; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000032:analysis*; D013014:SOS Response, Genetics; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D000588:Amines; D017931:DNA Primers; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D009153:Mutagens