title: Extrapulmonary sarcoidosis of liver and pancreas: a case report and review of literature.
abstract: Sarcoidosis is a chronic multisystemic granulomatous disease of unknown origin, which can involve nearly all organs. In the case of an infrequent gastrointestinal tract involvement in systemic sarcoidosis, granulomas of the liver are most commonly described while isolated pancreatic sarcoid lesions are rarely seen. We report a case of systemic sarcoidosis with exclusive extrapulmonal involvement of the liver and the pancreas in a 71-year-old white man. The diagnosis of liver involvement was confirmed by biopsy. Pancreatic surgery was needed because preoperative evaluation could not exclude pancreatic cancer and for biliary decompression. An extensive literature review of systemic sarcoidosis, focusing on reported cases with unusual presentation of sarcoidosis in the liver and the pancreas, its diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis was made.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases), University Hospital of Heidelberg at Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harder
authors.forename: Markus W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Büchler
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fröhlich
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ströbel
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bergmann
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Neff
authors.forename: Manfred V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Singer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy