title: Development of a voxel phantom of Japanese adult male in upright posture.
abstract: A Japanese voxel phantom in upright posture, JM2, has been developed on the basis of CT images of a healthy Japanese adult male. Body characteristics of JM2 were compared with those of the supine voxel phantom, JM, previously developed using CT images of the same person. Differences were found in the shapes of the spine and lower abdomen and the locations of several organs such as kidneys, liver and stomach between the two phantoms. Specific absorbed fractions (SAFs) for 24 target and 11 sources organs were calculated for monoenergetic photon ranging from 0.01 to 4 MeV. It was found that the SAFs for the kidneys as source organ and the lower large intestine wall as target organ in JM2 were significantly higher than those in JM for all photon energies. The differences of the SAFs between the two phantoms were attributed to the differences in the organ distance and organ geometry depending on the posture.
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Science and Engineering Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata-Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan. sato.kaoru@jaea.go.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Emoto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009928:Organ Specificity; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011187:Posture; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D012062:Relative Biological Effectiveness; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013045:Species Specificity; D014018:Tissue Distribution