title: Effect of formoterol on allergen-induced cytokine synthesis by atopic asthmatics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Effect of formoterol, long-acting beta(2 )agonists, on T cell cytokine synthesis was examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from atopic asthmatics, and stimulated with Dermatophagoidesfarinae extract. Various concentrations of formoterol were added from the start of some cultures. Cytokine production and cell proliferation were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Allergen-induced IL-5, IL-13, and IFN-gamma production of PBMC were significantly suppressed by formoterol in a dose-dependent manner, whereas the proliferation response was not suppressed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Formoterol downregulates T cell functions of atopic asthmatics in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Sagamihara Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Matsunobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suko
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kaminuma
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001249:Asthma / Q000473:pathology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D039981:Pyroglyphidae / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides; D004983:Ethanolamines; C508599:IL5 protein, human; D018793:Interleukin-13; D015848:Interleukin-5; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate