[Genetic control of the spring habit in old local cultivars and landraces of common wheat from Siberia].
The inheritance of the spring habit was studied in 63 old local cultivars and landraces of common wheat from Eastern and Western Siberia and the Tyva Republic. Minimal polymorphism was observed for the dominant Vrn genes, controlling the spring habit in landraces of these regions. The control was digenic and involved the Vrnl and Vrn2 dominant genes in the majority (95%) of cultivars and was monogenic in three cultivars. None of the cultivars had the Vrn3 dominant gene, characteristic of the neighboring regions of China and Central Asia. Among 137 old local cultivars and landraces of Siberia, only one (cultivar Sibirskaya (k-23347) from Irkutsk oblast, was comparable in the response to the natural short day (photoperiod) to Chinese cultivars. Comparison of the results and the data reported for commercial cultivars revealed that the genotype frequencies of the dominant Vrn genes in Siberian landraces and commercial cultivars of common wheat remained essentially unchanged at least for the past 100 years. At the same time, Siberian landraces significantly differed in Vrn dominant gene frequencies from cultivars of the adjacent regions. It was assumed that the control of the spring habit by the two Vrn dominant genes is optimal for the climatic conditions of Siberia.
Moiseeva
E A
EA
Goncharov
N O
NO
D000064:Acclimatization / Q000235:genetics; D005799:Genes, Dominant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D017440:Photoperiod; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012800:Siberia; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics*
D010940:Plant Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins