title: Isolation and characterization of bacteria capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organophosphorus pesticides from PAH-contaminated soil in Hilo, Hawaii.
abstract: Nineteen bacterial strains were isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil in Hilo, HI, and characterized by two different spray-plated methods, turbidity test in liquid medium, and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Analysis of the soil showed 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a range from 0.6 to 30 mg/kg of dry weight each and 12 PAH metabolites. Five distinct bacterial strains (C3, C4, P1-1, JS14, and JS19b1) selected from preliminary plating and turbidity tests were further tested for PAH degradation through single PAH degradation assay. Strains C3, C4, and P1-1 degraded phenanthrene (40 mg/L) completely during 7 days of incubation. Strain JS14 degraded fluoranthene (40 mg/L) completely during 10 days of incubation. Strain JS19b1 degraded 100% of phenanthrene (40 mg/L) in 7 days, 77% of fluorene (40 mg/L) in 14 days, 97% of fluoranthene (40 mg/L) in 10 days, and 100% of pyrene (40 mg/L) in 14 days. Turbidity tests showed that strains P1-1, JS14, and JS19b1 utilized several organophosphorus pesticides as growth substrate. P1-1 can degrade carbofenothion, chlorfenvinphos, diazinon, fonofos, and pirimiphos-methyl. JS14 can transform chlorfenvinphos and diazinon. JS19b1 can break down diazinon, pirimiphos-methyl, and temephos.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
authors.forename: Jong-Su
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Young-Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Keum
authors.forename: Renee M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Qing X
authors.initials: QX
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry; D006254:Hawaii; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000378:metabolism*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012987:Soil