title: [Localization of cracking sounds caused by cervical rotatory and local manipulation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To localize the facet joints that give rise to the cracking sounds caused by cervical rotatory and local manipulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cervical rotatory and local manipulation was performed in 30 healthy adults at the spinous process at the C(4 )level once on each of the left and right side, and a set of equipment we designed for acoustic signal acquisition was applied to collect and locate the cracking sounds, followed by statistical analysis of the data collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cracking sounds caused by cervical rotatory and local manipulation were localized mainly at C(3-7) facet joints, and the times of cracking sounds at these facet joints had significant differences from those at the other facet joints.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The location of cervical rotatory and local manipulation can be only relative, and definite localization seems impossible.
authors.affiliation: College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China. jinbin0225@163.com
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Gui-chun
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Yi-kai
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000328:Adult; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020393:Manipulation, Spinal; D012399:Rotation; D013016:Sound; D055815:Young Adult; D021801:Zygapophyseal Joint / Q000502:physiology*