title: Contralateral recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a common disease in young adults. With advances in its surgical treatment, ipsilateral recurrence is < 5%. However, contralateral recurrence remains a significant problem. The purpose of this retrospective study was to identify the factors associated with contralateral recurrence of PSP.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 1997 to December 1999, 231 patients with PSP were reviewed and evaluated after an average of 92-months of follow-up. The clinical features and treatment of these patients were analyzed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-three of these patients had contralateral recurrence (14.3%). The average time of contralateral recurrence was 22.94 months. In the univariate analysis (after Bonferroni correction), patients with contralateral recurrence of PSP had lower a body mass index (BMI) [p < 0.001], and higher frequency of contralateral blebs/bullae on high-resolution CT (HRCT) of the lung (p < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression was performed on 128 patients with contralateral blebs/bullae on HRCT of the lung, and the results indicate that being underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m(2)) is an independent risk factor for contralateral recurrence (odds ratio, 5.327). All patients with contralateral recurrence of PSP received surgical treatment. Two patients had unilateral recurrences of pneumothorax during follow-up (2 of 64 video-assisted thoracoscopic surgeries, 3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Contralateral recurrence of PSP is significantly more common in patients with underweight and blebs/bullae in the contralateral lung. Single-stage bilateral surgery may be considered for these patients to circumvent the need for subsequent anesthetic and operative procedures, and additional hospitalization.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Tsai-Wang
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shih-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yeung-Leung
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Ching
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tzao
authors.forename: Hsian-He
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Hung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Jen-Chih
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001768:Blister / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013851:Thinness; D020775:Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted