title: Khat (Catha edulis) chewing during pregnancy in Yemen: findings from a national population survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examines the prevalence of khat chewing among women during pregnancy and some of the risk factors for this habit in Yemen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey data on 7,343 ever-married women from the Yemen Demographic and Maternal and Health Survey (YDMHS), conducted in 1997 are used. Women who had a live birth during the 5 years preceding the survey were asked if they chewed khat during each of their pregnancies (=1) or not (=0). Associations between chewing khat and socio-demographic risk factors were assessed using odds ratios from binary logistic regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  About 40.7% of women surveyed reported chewing khat while pregnant during the 5 years before the survey. Old age, no education, rural residence, living in mountainous regions, and low wealth were significant risk factors for chewing khat.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Khat chewing during pregnancy is highly prevalent in Yemen. Socio-economically disadvantaged women were more likely to chew khat than other women.
authors.affiliation: Center for Research on Population and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, P.O.Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon. mk36@aub.edu.lb
authors.forename: Marwan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khawaja
authors.forename: Mohannad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Nsour
authors.forename: Ghada
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Saad
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D029754:Catha / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008409:Mastication; D008429:Maternal Welfare; D008875:Middle Aged; D018743:Perinatal Care; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D015006:Yemen / Q000453:epidemiology