title: NGF-mediated transcriptional targets of p53 in PC12 neuronal differentiation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  p53 is recognized as a critical regulator of the cell cycle and apoptosis. Mounting evidence also suggests a role for p53 in differentiation of cells including neuronal precursors. We studied the transcriptional role of p53 during nerve growth factor-induced differentiation of the PC12 line into neuron-like cells. We hypothesized that p53 contributed to PC12 differentiation through the regulation of gene targets distinct from its known transcriptional targets for apoptosis or DNA repair.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using a genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation cloning technique, we identified and validated 14 novel p53-regulated genes following NGF treatment. The data show p53 protein was transcriptionally activated and contributed to NGF-mediated neurite outgrowth during differentiation of PC12 cells. Furthermore, we describe stimulus-specific regulation of a subset of these target genes by p53. The most salient differentiation-relevant target genes included wnt7b involved in dendritic extension and the tfcp2l4/grhl3 grainyhead homolog implicated in ectodermal development. Additional targets included brk, sdk2, sesn3, txnl2, dusp5, pon3, lect1, pkcbpb15 and other genes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the PC12 neuronal context, putative p53-occupied genomic loci spanned the entire Rattus norvegicus genome upon NGF treatment. We conclude that receptor-mediated p53 transcriptional activity is involved in PC12 differentiation and may suggest a contributory role for p53 in neuronal development.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brynczka
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Labhart
authors.forename: B Alex
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Merrick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor