title: The role of MSX1 in tooth agenesis in Iranians.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  MSX1 gene has a critical role in craniofacial development, the aim of this case-control study is to test the hypothesis that MSX1 mutation contributes to congenital tooth agenesis in Iranians.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group consisted of 20 affected individuals with tooth agenesis of lower second premolars or upper lateral incisors with mean age of 24.6. The control group consisted of 20 unaffected individuals. DNA was extracted from all 40 individuals; the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for MSX1 was carried out with Phenol: Chloroform: Isoamylalchol (PCI) extraction method. Ban II restriction digest and agarose gel electrophoresis of the 20 affected individuals verified the presence of mutation in all 20 affected individuals. The unaffected controls did not show any mutation. Statistical analysis performed by the chi-squared method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ban II did not digest PCR product (DNA) in the control group (195 bp band on electrophoresis gel) but digested the affected allele (106 bp and 89 bp bands). There is a statistically significant correlation between tooth agenesis and MSX1 mutation (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicated that MSX1 gene mutation contributes to tooth agenesis in Iranian individuals. As the timing of tooth calcification can vary, radiographic finding of congenital tooth agenesis can be confirmed by this molecular method during different dental ages to achieve certainty.
authors.affiliation: Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Department of Orthodontics, Tehran, Iran. seifimassoud@gmail.com
authors.forename: Massoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seifi
authors.forename: Bahram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kazemi
authors.forename: Parisa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Golkar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000848:Anodontia / Q000235:genetics*; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000002:abnormalities; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005801:Genes, Homeobox; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000002:abnormalities; D007492:Iran; D051957:MSX1 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D051957:MSX1 Transcription Factor