title: The effect of alpha-Tocopherol supplementation on training-induced elevation of S100B protein in sera of basketball players.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of alpha-Tocopherol (alpha-T) supplementation on S100B elevated serum levels in basketball players' training.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood was obtained from 10 basketball players pre-exercise (group A), post-exercise (group B) and after 30 days on alpha-T (200 mg/24 h orally) supplementation pre- (group C) and post-training (group D). Blood samples were taken for the evaluation of total antioxidant status (TAS), alpha-T and catecholamines in plasma and S100B and muscle enzyme levels in serum.
  
  
  METHODS
  TAS, muscle enzymes: creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and S100B protein levels were measured with commercial kits, whereas alpha-T and catecholamine levels with HPLC methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TAS was found higher in the groups with alpha-T addition (groups C and D) than in the other ones. On the contrary, CK, LDH and S100B were remarkably lower (116.8+9.5 U/L, 427+22 U/L, 0.18+0.04 microg/L, respectively) in group D than those in group B (286+12 U/L, 688+26 U/L, 0.28+0.06 microg/L, p<0.001, respectively). S100B levels were negatively correlated with TAS (r=-0.64, p<0.001) and positively with CK levels (r=0.58, p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  alpha-T supplementation may reduce S100B increased release from muscle and nerves induced by training. S100B serum evaluation may be a useful biomarker for the effect of training on the participation of the neuromuscular system.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Child Health, Research Center, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, GR-11527, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Kleopatra H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Schulpis
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moukas
authors.forename: Theodore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Parthimos
authors.forename: Theodore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsakiris
authors.forename: Nickolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Parthimos
authors.forename: Stylianos
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsakiris
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001490:Basketball / Q000502:physiology*; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000097:blood; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002395:Catecholamines; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; C579160:S100B protein, human; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol