title: Terror mismanagement: evidence that mortality salience exacerbates phobic and compulsive behaviors.
abstract: Terror management theory (TMT) posits that cultural worldviews and self-esteem function to buffer humans from mortality-related anxiety. TMT research has shown that important behaviors are influenced by mortality salience (MS) even when they have no obvious connection to death. However, there has been no attempt to investigate TMT processes in anxious responding. The present research examines that question. In Study 1, compared to a control condition, MS increased anxious responding to spider-related stimuli, but only for participants who met criteria for specific phobia. In Study 2, compared to an aversive control condition, MS increased time spent washing hands, but only for those scoring high on a measure of compulsive hand washing (CHW). In Study 3, compared to a different aversive control condition, MS increased avoidance of a social interaction, but only for those scoring high on a measure of social interaction anxiety. The relevance of TMT in anxious responding is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. erstrach@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Strachan
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schimel
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arndt
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Sheldon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Solomon
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pyszczynski
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Greenberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000416:Alberta; D001130:Arizona; D003120:Colorado; D003192:Compulsive Behavior / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality; D010552:Personality Assessment; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires