Oral mucosa of coeliac disease patients produces antiendomysial and antitransglutaminase antibodies: the diagnostic usefulness of an in vitro culture system.
BACKGROUND
Antiendomysial (EmA) and antitransglutaminase (anti-tTG) antibodies are the most specific indirect marker of coeliac disease (CD). It is not known whether the oral mucosa of patients with CD is able to produce these antibodies or not.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the ability of the oral mucosa of patients with CD to produce antibodies in an in vitro culture system.


METHODS
Twenty-eight patients with new diagnosis of CD (15 adults and 13 children) and 14 adult subjects with other diseases (controls) were studied. All underwent oral mucosa biopsy and subsequent EmA and anti-tTG assays on the mucosa culture medium.


RESULTS
Sensitivity and specificity of EmA and anti-tTG assayed in the oral mucosa culture medium for CD diagnosis were 54% and 100% and 57% and 100%, respectively. The CD clinical presentation, such as the presence of oral mucosa lesions, did not influence the results of the EmA and anti-tTG assays in the oral mucosa culture medium. There was an association between positivity of antibodies and greater severity of the oral mucosa lymphocyte infiltration.


CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates that the oral mucosa contributes to EmA and anti-tTG production in untreated patients with CD.
Carroccio
A
A
Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. acarroccio@hotmail.com
Campisi
G
G
Iacono
G
G
Iacono
O Lo
OL
Maresi
E
E
DI Prima
L
L
Compilato
D
D
Barbaria
F
F
Arini
A
A
DI Liberto
C
C
Pirrone
G
G
Craxì
A
A
DI Marco
V
V
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000906:Antibodies / Q000378:metabolism*; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005903:Gliadin / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000276:immunology*; D009132:Muscles / Q000276:immunology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012155:Reticulin / Q000276:immunology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000276:immunology*
D000906:Antibodies; D012155:Reticulin; D005903:Gliadin; D011503:Transglutaminases