title: Acute amphetamine exposure selectively desensitizes kappa-opioid receptors in the nucleus accumbens.
abstract: In the present study, we investigated the effects of psychostimulant exposure on kappa-opioid peptide (KOP) receptor signaling in the rat mesolimbic system. A single subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of amphetamine (2.5 mg/kg) reduced the KOP receptor-mediated inhibition of glutamate release in the nucleus accumbens shell, as a consequence of KOP receptor desensitization. This effect was blocked by dopamine (DA) receptor antagonists or the nonselective opioid antagonist, naltrexone (1 mg/kg, s.c.), and mimicked by the KOP receptor agonists U69593 (0.32 mg/kg, s.c.) and dynorphin (1 microM), indicating that an amphetamine-induced release of dynorphin is producing a long-lasting desensitization of the KOP receptor. Despite the fact that amphetamine also increases dynorphin release in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), KOP receptor function in this region was not affected by amphetamine; there was no difference in the KOP receptor-mediated change in firing rate or resting membrane potential measured in VTA neurons from saline- or amphetamine-treated animals. This study demonstrates that amphetamine can produce regionally selective adaptations in KOP receptor signaling, which may, in turn, alter the effects of subsequent drug exposure.
authors.affiliation: Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94608, USA.
authors.forename: Yan-fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Whistler
authors.forename: Gregory O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Hjelmstad
mesh_terms: D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D044482:Benzeneacetamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004399:Dynorphins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D020875:Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)- / Q000494:pharmacology; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000187:drug effects*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa / Q000819:agonists / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D044482:Benzeneacetamides; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D015259:Dopamine Agents; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; D020875:Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; D004399:Dynorphins; D000661:Amphetamine; C045444:U 69593