title: Endoscopic balloon dilation of stomal stenosis following gastric bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) is a common operation for severely obese patients, particularly those with co-morbid disease. Postoperative complications include those amenable to endoscopic therapy, specifically those involving the gastric stoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  26 patients with prior history of RYGBP for morbid obesity presented with symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction. Symptoms included accelerated weight loss (n=22), nausea/vomiting (n=26), dehydration (n=5), and dysphagia (n=2). Endoscopic dilatation was performed using through-the-scope dilating balloons (8-15 mm). Following dilatation, a steroid solution was injected to prevent re-stenosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients underwent 1-7 dilating sessions (mean 2.7/patient) at 2-week intervals. Estimated stoma diameter prior to dilation ranged from 1 mm to 8 mm (mean 3.5). Following dilation, diameter of the stoma increased to 10 to 15 mm (mean 12.4) at final endoscopy. In patients requiring a single dilating session (n=7), predilation stoma size was a mean 5.8 mm (range 3-8 mm), which increased to a mean of 12.7 mm (range 10-15 mm). In patients requiring multiple dilating sessions (n=19), pre-dilation stoma size was a mean of 2.7 mm (range 0-4 mm), which increased to a mean of 12.2 mm (range 10-14 mm). 25 of 26 patients had good long-term response, with follow-up of 6-38 months (mean 26). No treatment-related complications occurred. All had appropriate weight loss as determined at the bariatric clinic following endoscopic therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Of the complications following bariatric surgery that are amenable to endoscopic therapy, stomal stenosis appears to be relatively common. Endoscopic balloon dilation is an effective nonsurgical method for treatment of stomal stenosis, with no complications observed in this, the largest reported, series.
authors.affiliation: St. Luke's Medical Center, Pancreatic Biliary Center, Milwaukee 53215, USA. mfcatalano@aol.com
authors.forename: Marc F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.forename: Thomas Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Chua
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rudic
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017219:Gastric Outlet Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000453:epidemiology