title: Acute or subchronic clozapine treatment does not ameliorate prepulse inhibition (PPI) deficits in CPB-K mice with low levels of hippocampal NMDA receptor density.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The hypo-glutamatergic hypothesis of schizophrenia is based on clinical similarities between schizophrenia and phencyclidine (PCP)-induced psychosis in mentally healthy humans. Sensorimotor gating, as measured by prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response (ASR), is impaired in schizophrenic patients. In animals, noncompetitive N-methyl-D: -aspartate (NMDA) antagonists such as PCP disrupt PPI in a way that resembles the defect seen in schizophrenia. In a previous study with inbred mouse strains, low PPI levels have been demonstrated in CPB-K mice possessing low levels of hippocampal NMDA receptor densities. The present study was performed to test whether the low magnitude of PPI in CPB-K mice can be reversed by the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine (CLZ).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before any treatment, CPB-K mice displayed a significant (p < 0.001) lower level in PPI and a significant (p < 0.001) higher ASR when compared to BALB/cJ mice known to have high hippocampal NMDA receptor densities. Acute and subchronic effects of a 2-week treatment with CLZ at daily doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally, respectively, did not reveal any significant alteration of PPI levels in CPB-K mice. Nevertheless, the examination of motor behavior during nonstimulus trials provided a positive control for the drug's effectiveness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, (1) this study confirmed our working hypothesis: Lower levels of hippocampal glutamatergic receptor densities correspond to lower sensorimotor gating in CPB-K mice, and (2) acute or subchronic treatment with CLZ did not elevate low PPI levels in CPB-K mice. Thus, further experiments will concentrate on other antipsychotic drugs to prove the predictive validity of this animal model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. Rainer.Wolf@med.ovgu.de
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Paelchen
authors.forename: Kay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matzke
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dobrowolny
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bogerts
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schwegler
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D003024:Clozapine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D003024:Clozapine