title: Alcanivorax balearicus sp. nov., isolated from Lake Martel.
abstract: A bacterial strain designated MACL04(T) was isolated from Lake Martel, a subterraneous saline lake in Mallorca (Spain). The complete 16S rRNA gene sequence of this strain showed nearly 100 % similarity to that of Alcanivorax dieselolei B-5(T). Despite this high similarity, strain MACL04(T) showed phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular differences with respect to A. dieselolei, indicating that strain MACL04(T) represents a separate species. Cells of strain MACL04(T) were motile by means of a single polar or subpolar flagellum and colonies formed on media containing 1 % (v/v) Tween 20 were opaque and mucoid, with blue-green iridescence. The generation time of strain MACL04(T) in this medium was approximately half that of A. dieselolei B-5(T) and strain MACL04(T) did not produce lipases after incubation for 5 days. Strain MACL04(T) did not require NaCl for growth and grew in the presence of up to 15 % (w/v) NaCl. The strain was able to use alkanes as a sole carbon source; however, glucose could also be used, albeit weakly, as a carbon source. Several amino acids and organic acids were used as carbon sources. Strain MACL04(T) produced acid in media containing pyruvate as the sole carbon source. The major fatty acids were C(19 : 0) cyclo omega8c and C(16 : 0). The fatty acid C(16 : 1)omega8c, present in strain MACL04(T), was not detected in the recognized Alcanivorax species. The sequences of the large and short 16S-23S intergenic spacer regions showed similarities of 97.2 and 98.8 % (ungapped) with respect to A. dieselolei B-5(T). Partial sequences of gyrB and alkb genes showed 94.0 % similarity between strain MACL04(T) and A. dieselolei B-5(T). The G+C content of strain MACL04(T) was 62.8 mol%. The data from this polyphasic study indicate that strain MACL04(T) represents a novel species of the genus Alcanivorax, for which the name Alcanivorax balearicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MACL04(T) (=LMG 22508(T)=CECT 5683(T)).
authors.affiliation: Laboratorium voor Microbiologie, Vakgroep Biochemie, Fysiologie en Microbiologie, Universiteit Gent KL, Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.|Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rivas
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: García-Fraile
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peix
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Mateos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Eustoquio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martínez-Molina
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Encarna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Velázquez
mesh_terms: D053521:Alcanivoraceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D000473:Alkanes / Q000378:metabolism; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D027081:DNA Gyrase / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005407:Flagella / Q000502:physiology; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D008049:Lipase / Q000032:analysis; D008124:Locomotion; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Q000494:pharmacology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013030:Spain; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D000473:Alkanes; D000596:Amino Acids; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D008049:Lipase; D027081:DNA Gyrase