title: Detection of sulfur mustard adducts in human callus by phage antibodies.
abstract: As part of a research program to develop novel methods for diagnosis of sulfur mustard exposure in the human skin the suitability of phage display was explored. Phage display is a relative new method that enables researchers to quickly evaluate a huge range of potentially useful antibodies, thereby bypassing the more costly and time-consuming hybridoma technique. The Tomlinson I and J phage libraries were used to select phage antibodies exhibiting affinity for sulfur mustard adducts on keratins, isolated from human callus. Two kinds of phage antibodies were obtained: antibodies recognizing keratin and antibodies recognizing keratin which was exposed to sulfur mustard. These phage antibodies retained activity after repeated culturing and culturing in larger volumes. For the first time antibody phage display was successfully applied for immunodiagnostics of a chemical warfare agent.
authors.affiliation: TNO Defence, Security and Safety, PO Box 45, 2280 AA Rijswijk, The Netherlands. floris.bikker@tno.nl
authors.forename: Floris J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Bikker
authors.forename: Roos H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Mars-Groenendijk
authors.forename: Daan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Noort
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fidder
authors.forename: Govert P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: van der Schans
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000276:immunology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D006801:Humans; D009151:Mustard Gas / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017931:DNA Primers; D009151:Mustard Gas