title: Viral genotype and baseline load predict the response to adefovir treatment in lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the factors associated with virological response (VR), HBeAg loss or the emergence of adefovir (ADV)-related mutations in ADV-treated chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with lamivudine (LAM) resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four LAM-resistant CHB patients (46% HBeAg-positive) were treated with ADV monotherapy (n=28) or ADV plus LAM (n=26) for a mean of 30.4 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-eight patients (70.4%) achieved VR defined as HBV-DNA levels <10(4)copies/ml within the first 12 months of treatment. Six (24%) of 25 HBeAg-positive patients exhibited HBeAg loss and 20% seroconverted to anti-HBe. Eight patients (14.8%) developed ADV-related mutations. In the multivariate analysis, female gender (HR=0.20, 95% CI: 0.05-0.76, p=0.018), HBeAg-negative (HR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.14-0.96, p=0.040) and low baseline HBV-DNA levels (HR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.45-0.95, p=0.027) were independent predictors of VR, whereas low HBV-DNA levels (HR=0.36, 95% CI: 0.11-1.20, p=0.095) and HBV-genotype D (HR=0.06, 95% CI: 0.004-0.84, p=0.037) independently predicted HBeAg loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ADV therapy suppresses viral replication in more than 70% of LAM-R patients. Factors associated with virologic response are female gender, HBeAg-negative status and low baseline serum HBV-DNA levels. Genotype D HBV infection and low baseline HBV-DNA levels independently predict HBeAg loss.
authors.affiliation: Liver Unit and Biochemistry Department, Hospital Universitario Vall d' Hebron and CIBER-EHD, Barcelona, Spain. mbuti@vhebron.net
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buti
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Elefsiniotis
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jardi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Frias
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schapper
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bonovas
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Esteban
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D018628:Gene Dosage; D005838:Genotype; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D063065:Organophosphonates; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D019259:Lamivudine; C053001:adefovir; D000225:Adenine