title: Human and animal vaccination delivery to remote nomadic families, Chad.
abstract: Vaccination services for people and livestock often fail to achieve sufficient coverages in Africa's remote rural settings because of financial, logistic, and service delivery constraints. In Chad from 2000 through 2005, we demonstrated the feasibility of combining vaccination programs for nomadic pastoralists and their livestock. Sharing of transport logistics and equipment between physicians and veterinarians reduced total costs. Joint delivery of human and animal health services is adapted to and highly valued by hard-to-reach pastoralists. In intervention zones, for the first time approximately 10% of nomadic children (> 1-11 months of age) were fully immunized annually and more children and women were vaccinated per day during joint vaccination rounds than during vaccination of persons only and not their livestock (130 vs. 100, p < 0.001). By optimizing use of limited logistical and human resources, public health and veterinary services both become more effective, especially at the district level.
authors.affiliation: Swiss Tropical Institute, Basel, Switzerland. e.schelling@cgiar.org
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schelling
authors.forename: Mahamat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bechir
authors.forename: Mahamat Abdoulaye
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Kaspar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wyss
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Randolph
authors.forename: Jakob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zinsstag
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000458:organization & administration*; D000818:Animals; D002596:Chad; D002648:Child; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006291:Health Policy / Q000191:economics / Q000639:trends; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006295:Health Resources / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007373:Interinstitutional Relations; D012424:Rural Population; D014186:Transportation; D014611:Vaccination / Q000191:economics / Q000639:trends / Q000662:veterinary