Effects of advice on dietary intake and/or physical activity on body composition, blood lipids and insulin resistance following a low-fat, sucrose-containing, high-carbohydrate, energy-restricted diet.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of dietary advice in conjunction with advice to increase physical activity on the body composition, blood lipid and insulin profiles in overweight women.


METHODS
A 12-week randomized controlled intervention study. subjects were assigned to one of four groups: (1) no advice, (2) low-fat, high-carbohydrate (including sucrose) energy-reduced diet, (3) 60 min/day brisk walking, and (4) diet and activity advice as previous.


METHODS
Sixty-nine overweight women (mean age 41 years).


METHODS
Dietary compliance was assessed by 4-day diet diaries. Activity levels were assessed by Caltractrade mark accelerator monitors. Anthropometric changes were recorded at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks. Fasting blood samples measuring glucose, insulin, and blood lipids were recorded at baseline and 12 weeks.


RESULTS
Group 4 achieved greatest weight loss of 4.2 kg and greatest reduction in waist circumference of 6.5 cm. Groups 2 and 4 decreased the percentage energy from fat by 5.2%. Group 3 increased the percentage energy from fat by 4.0%. Group 4 significantly reduced total cholesterol by 0.45 mmol/l and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol by 0.53 mmol/l.


CONCLUSIONS
A low-fat, high-carbohydrate, sucrose-containing diet combined with increased physical exercise resulted in greater health benefits than diet or physical activity advice alone.
Kirkwood
Lesley
L
Centre for Nutrition and Food Research, Queen Margaret University College, Edinburgh, UK.
Aldujaili
Emad
E
Drummond
Sandra
S
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D049628:Body Size / Q000502:physiology; D031204:Caloric Restriction / Q000379:methods; D003376:Counseling; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted / Q000379:methods; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000379:methods; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D008055:Lipids; D013549:Sweetening Agents