title: An intense intervention for improving gait, balance, and mobility for individuals with chronic stroke: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Stroke is the leading cause of disability in the United States. At present, there is a paucity of experimental evidence available to indicate what physical therapy techniques are effective for improving mobility in an individual with chronic stroke. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and effect size of an intensive mobility training program for people with chronic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample of eight individuals with chronic stroke received an intensive mobility intervention for 3 hours per day for 10 consecutive weekdays. Treatment outcomes were assessed using standardized outcomes of gait, balance, and mobility including the GAITRite to collect spatial and temporal parameters of gait, the Falls Efficacy Scale, Berg Balance Scale, Dynamic Gait Index, and Timed Up and Go. Data were collected at four different time points: baseline, pre-test, post-test, and 3 months after intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall effect size of the intervention was 0.72, with changes in balance having much greater effects than changes in gait or mobility. The group demonstrated an average improvement from pre- to post-tests of 12 points on the Berg Balance Scale where a change of 6 is considered a minimal detectable change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This intense mobility training was a feasible intervention for this sample and demonstrated large effect sizes for balance outcome measures. Future studies incorporating more participants, a standard control, and more emphasis on gait would provide insight into the effectiveness and clinical relevance of this intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise Science, Physical Therapy Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA. sfritz@gwn.sc.edu
authors.forename: Stacy L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.forename: Ashlee L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Pittman
authors.forename: Anna C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Skylar C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Orton
authors.forename: Erin D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Rivers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D016896:Treatment Outcome