title: Clonal reconquest of antibiotic-susceptible Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi in Son La Province, Vietnam.
abstract: In the last three decades, high rates of resistance to common first-line antimicrobial agents have been reported in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (Typhi), the causative organism of typhoid fever (TF), in many regions of the world, especially in South East Asia. Analysis of Typhi strains isolated from outbreaks and sporadic cases of TF in Son La province, northwest Vietnam, in 2002 revealed that 94.5% (85/90) of the isolates were fully susceptible to amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, and nalidixic acid. There was a clear decline in the occurrence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Typhi isolates collected in this province in 2002 (4.4%) compared with the period 1995-1999 in the same province (30.8-100%). By using molecular (IS200 profiling, PstI-ribotyping, XbaI-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and haplotyping) and phage-typing methods, we showed that the Typhi isolates from Son La province in 2002 were genetically related; however, they were unrelated to the previous MDR clones established in Vietnam.
authors.affiliation: Centre National de Référence des Salmonella, Centre Collaborateur OMS de Référence et de Recherche pour les Salmonella, Unité de Biodiversité des Bactéries Pathogènes Emergentes, INSERM U389, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. fxweill@pasteur.fr
authors.forename: François-Xavier
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Weill
authors.forename: Hoang Huy
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roumagnac
authors.forename: Laëtitia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fabre
authors.forename: Nguyen Binh
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Minh
authors.forename: Trine Lise
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Stavnes
authors.forename: Jorgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lassen
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bjune
authors.forename: Patrick A D
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Grimont
authors.forename: Philippe J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Guerin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001434:Bacteriophage Typing; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011203:Poverty; D021521:Ribotyping; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004269:DNA, Bacterial