title: Characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women asymptomatic for bacterial vaginosis.
abstract: METHODS
  To determine the clinical, behavioral or demographic factors associated with asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis (BV) and to examine if women with asymptomatic BV had a higher risk of a variety of pregnancy outcomes compared to symptomatic BV positive women. For this study, 1916 pregnant women who were 12 weeks' gestation or less were enrolled. Interviewers facilitated vaginal swab collection for BV assessment, and completed the baseline questionnaire. BV was identified by Gram stain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty percent of pregnant women screened positive for BV and a substantial proportion of BV positive pregnant women were asymptomatic (67%). Asymptomatic BV positive women reported lower stress scores (RR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67-0.89), slightly more prior STD's (RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07), and a higher quantity of Mobiluncus (RR = 1.04 95% CI: 1.01-1.07) compared to symptomatic BV positive women. We did not find an increase in adverse pregnancy outcomes related to BV symptomatology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among first trimester pregnant women, only stress, STD history, and quantity of Mobiluncus were associated with symptom reports among BV positive pregnant women. We also found that women with asymptomatic BV did not have an increased risk of a variety of adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to symptomatic BV positive women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health College of Health Professions, Temple University, 1700 North Broad Street, Room 304F, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA. dnelson@temple.edu
authors.forename: Deborah B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Scarlett
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bellamy
authors.forename: Bonnie A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Clothier
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Macones
authors.forename: Irving
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nachamkin
authors.forename: Althea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruffin
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Allen-Taylor
authors.forename: Frank K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Friedenberg
mesh_terms: D000193:Actinomycetales Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D016015:Logistic Models; D017904:Mobiluncus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010414:Pennsylvania / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D037841:Pregnant People; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D016585:Vaginosis, Bacterial / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology