A quantitative structure activity analysis on the relative sensitivity of the olfactory and the nasal trigeminal chemosensory systems.
We have applied a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) approach to analyze the chemical parameters that determine the relative sensitivity of olfaction and nasal chemesthesis to a common set of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). We used previously reported data on odor detection thresholds (ODTs) and nasal pungency thresholds (NPTs) from 64 VOCs belonging to 7 chemical series (acetate esters, carboxylic acids, alcohols, aliphatic aldehydes, alkylbenzenes, ketones, and terpenes). The analysis tested whether NPTs could be used to separate out "selective" chemosensory effects (i.e., those resting on the transfer of VOCs from the gas phase to the receptor phase) from "specific" chemosensory effects in ODTs. Previous work showed that selective effects overwhelmingly dominate chemesthetic potency whereas both selective and specific effects control olfactory potency. We conclude that it is indeed possible to use NPTs to separate out selective from specific effects in ODTs. Among the series studied, aldehydes and acids, except for formic acid, show clear specific effects in their olfactory potency. Furthermore, for VOCs whose odor potency rests mainly on selective effects, we have developed a QSAR equation that can predict their ODTs based on their NPTs.
Abraham
Michael H
MH
Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H OAJ, UK. m.h.abraham@ucl.ac.uk
Sánchez-Moreno
Ricardo
R
Cometto-Muñiz
J Enrique
JE
Cain
William S
WS
D000438:Alcohols / Q000737:chemistry; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000737:chemistry; D000465:Algorithms; D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D004952:Esters / Q000737:chemistry; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006839:Hydrocarbons, Acyclic / Q000737:chemistry; D007659:Ketones / Q000737:chemistry; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000502:physiology*; D009812:Odorants; D018034:Olfactory Receptor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D044367:Phase Transition; D021281:Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship; D012684:Sensory Thresholds / Q000502:physiology*; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry; D014276:Trigeminal Nerve / Q000502:physiology*
D000438:Alcohols; D000447:Aldehydes; D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D004952:Esters; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D006839:Hydrocarbons, Acyclic; D007659:Ketones; D013729:Terpenes