title: Surface modification of titanium implants using bioactive glasses with air abrasion technologies.
abstract: A growing number of surface treated titanium implants are routinely used in dental and orthopaedic surgery, with a view to enhancing integration capacity with osseous tissue. This study examines the use of bioactive glass 45S5 as an alternative abrasive and osteoproductive surface modification material. Abrasive blasting of commercially pure titanium with bioactive glass 45S5 produced an irregular finish with a surface roughness average (S(a)) of 1.1 microm as determined by white light interferometry, backscattered and secondary electron microscopy. The roughness attained compares favourably with currently used implant designs. Further, Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDXA) and backscattered electron microscopy demonstrated that bioactive glass was distributed across the titanium surface and retained within fissures and roughened surface features. Being an osteoproductive material, this is advantageous as it is expected that the modified metallic surfaces will acquire osteopromotive properties, and thus be of benefit to the process of implantation in osseous tissue.
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials and Biomimetics, King's College London, Floor 17, Guy's Tower, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' St, London SE1 9RT, UK. garrit.koller@kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Garrit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koller
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Ian D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Timothy F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Di Silvio
mesh_terms: D020906:Air Abrasion, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D002516:Ceramics; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D015921:Dental Implants; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015921:Dental Implants; C425330:bioactive glass 45S5; D014025:Titanium