title: Echovirus 6 strains derived from a clinical isolate show differences in haemagglutination ability and cell entry pathway.
abstract: Two echovirus 6 (EV6) strains were isolated from a clinical sample after successive sub-cultures in PLC (human hepatocellular carcinoma) and HeLa (human cervical adenocarcinoma) cells. The first strain retained its haemagglutinating capacity (HAEV6) while the second became non-haemagglutinating (NHAEV6). Virus binding assay showed that HAEV6 was capable of binding to DAF-expressing cells but not NHAEV6 confirming the role of DAF in EV6 haemagglutination. The lack of competition between the two viral strains during coinfections suggested that each strain used a different cell entry pathway. We provide evidence showing that HAEV6 used preferentially the lipid raft-dependent caveolae pathway, whereas NHAEV6 followed the clathrin-mediated pathway. Comparison of the sequences of HAEV6 and NHAEV6 revealed five amino acid changes in the VP1, VP2 and VP3 capsid proteins distributed in domains which are known to be highly immunogenic or suggested to be involved in receptor binding, virion stability and pathogenicity.
authors.affiliation: Centre National de Référence des Entérovirus, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Institut de Microbiologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677 Bron, France. nicolas.leveque@chu-lyon.fr
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lévêque
authors.forename: Helene
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Norder
authors.forename: Youssef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zreik
authors.forename: Gaëlle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cartet
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Falcon
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rivat
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chomel
authors.forename: Saw-See
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lina
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D022163:Clathrin-Coated Vesicles / Q000821:virology; D006224:Cricetinae; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004458:Echovirus 6, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D004457:Echovirus Infections / Q000821:virology; D006384:Hemagglutination; D006801:Humans; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000821:virology; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012692:Serial Passage; D053585:Virus Attachment; D014776:Virus Cultivation; D053586:Virus Internalization
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins