title: Oncological outcomes of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for renal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the 5-year oncological outcomes of patients undergoing laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for renal cancer compared to a cohort of patients undergoing open radical nephrectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed the data of 88 patients undergoing radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma prior to January 2000. Of these, 45 patients underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, and 43 patients underwent open radical nephrectomy. Inclusion criteria comprised clinically organ-confined tumors of 15 cm or less in size without concomitant lymphadenopathy or vena cava thrombus. Oncological follow-up data were obtained from charts, radiological reports, and phone calls to patients or their families, and were calculated from the date of surgery to the date of last appointment with physician or date of death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All laparoscopic procedures were completed without open conversion. On comparing the laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and open radical nephrectomy groups, mean tumor size was 5. 8 vs 6.2 cm (P = . 44), mean blood loss was 183 vs 461 mL (P = . 004), and mean operative time was 2.8 vs 3.7 hrs (P < . 001). Over a mean follow-up of 5 years in the laparoscopic radical nephrectomy group and 6 years in the open radical nephrectomy group, the overall survival was 81% vs 79% (P = . 47), and cancer-specific survival was 90% vs 92% (P = . 70) , respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for renal cancer confers equivalent 5-year oncological outcomes to those of open surgery.
authors.affiliation: Section of Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery, Glickman Urological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: Georges-Pascal
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Haber
authors.forename: Monish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aron
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cocuzza
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: Jihad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaouk
authors.forename: Inderbir S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Gill
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome