title: Recent advances in the pathology and classification of gonadal neoplasms composed of germ cells and sex cord derivatives.
abstract: In recent years, our understanding of neoplasms composed of germ cells and sex cord derivatives has increased. In this review, advances in the classification and pathology of ovarian germ cell-sex cord-stromal tumors are discussed. Only 2 neoplasms, each with a distinctive pathogenesis and clinicopathologic features, are included in this category. Gonadoblastoma is a tumor that usually occurs in the dysgenetic gonads of intersex patients that have a Y chromosome, whereas mixed germ cell-sex cord-stromal tumor arises in normal gonads in patients without sex chromosomal abnormalities. Ovarian mixed germ cell-sex cord-stromal tumors differ from their testicular counterparts in their histological appearance, immunohistochemical staining reactions, and biological behavior probably because the latter show a greater degree of maturity of their germ cell component. The introduction of cisplatin-based chemotherapy and the application of tumor markers have dramatically improved the clinical outlook for those patients who develop secondary malignant germ cell neoplasms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107-5244, USA. mtalerman@aol.com
authors.forename: Aleksander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Talerman
authors.forename: Lawrence M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Roth
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D018238:Gonadoblastoma / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D018312:Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumors / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*