title: Development of T cell-mediated immunity after autologous stem cell transplantation: prolonged impairment of antigen-stimulated production of gamma-interferon.
abstract: The conditioning regimens for autologous SCT (auto-SCT) lead to impairment of the immune system and concomitant increase in susceptibility to infections. We studied the recovery of cellular immunity by in vitro analysis of T-cell proliferation and cytokine production profiles during the first 15 months after auto-SCT in patients with multiple myeloma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. PBMC were collected at 6, 9 and 15 months after transplantation and stimulated with a combination of CD2 and CD28 monoclonal antibodies, with PHA or with tetanus toxoid as recall antigen. A multiplex enzyme linked immunoassay was used to determine levels of Th1 cytokines IL-2, IFN-gamma and tumour-necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, the regulatory cytokine IL-10 and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 and the chemokine IL-8. T-cell proliferation progressively increased from 6 to 15 months after auto-SCT. Overall, cytokine production increased after auto-SCT. Production of Th2 cytokines IL-5 and IL-13 was superior to production of Th1 cytokines IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. We hypothesize that prolonged impairment of IFN-gamma production might contribute to the relatively high incidence of viral infections after auto-SCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands. am.vandervelden@vumc.nl
authors.forename: A M T
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: van der Velden
authors.forename: A M E
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Claessen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Velzen-Blad
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Biesma
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Rijkers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018801:CD2 Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D015994:Incidence; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology*; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D013997:Time Factors; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000009:adverse effects; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000941:Antigens; D018801:CD2 Antigens; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid; D007371:Interferon-gamma