title: Development of two immunochromatographic tests for the serodiagnosis of bovine babesiosis.
abstract: In this study, we developed two immunochromatographic tests (ICTs), which are nitrocellulose membrane-based immunoassays for the convenient and rapid serodiagnosis of bovine babesiosis caused by Babesia bovis (BoICT) and Babesia bigemina (BiICT). The efficacy of two ICTs was evaluated using 13 positive sera from experimentally infected cattle with B. bovis or B. bigemina. Clear results showed that the BoICT and ELISA detected antibodies in sera collected from 14 to 93 days post-infection, while BiICT and ELISA detected from 13 to 274 days post-infection. In additon, non-infected cattle, Neospora caninum, and Cryptosporidium parvum were negative in two ICTs. To evaluate the field utility of the ICTs, we tested 186 field bovine sera collected from cattle living in Yanbian (China) and Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil). The results of ICTs were compared to those of classical serodiagnostic methods, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFAT). The overall concordances of BoICT were determined as 92.5 and 90.3% when the results of ELISA and IFAT were set as the reference standards, respectively. In contrast, those of BiICT showed 96.8 and 92.5% relative to the results of standard ELISA and IFAT, respectively. Conventional and rapid diagnosic devices for bovine babesiosis may provide a valuable tool in clinical and field applications.
authors.affiliation: National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Chulmin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Andy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alhassan
authors.forename: Rodolfo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Verdida
authors.forename: Naoaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Xuenan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xuan
authors.forename: Kozo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujisaki
authors.forename: Shin-Ichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawazu
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Igarashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood*; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001403:Babesia / Q000276:immunology; D016793:Babesia bovis / Q000276:immunology*; D001404:Babesiosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D012698:Serologic Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D013045:Species Specificity; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan