title: Phosphorylation of Pirh2 by calmodulin-dependent kinase II impairs its ability to ubiquitinate p53.
abstract: Although the recently identified Pirh2 protein is known as a p53-induced ubiquitin-protein E3 ligase, which negatively regulates p53, the detailed mechanism underlying the regulation of Pirh2 remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that while Pirh2 is mostly detected in the phosphorylated form in normal tissues, it is predominantly present in the unphosphorylated form in majority of tumor cell lines and tissues examined. Phosphorylated Pirh2 is far more unstable than its unphosphorylated form. We further identified that Calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMK II) phosphorylates Pirh2 on residues Thr-154 and Ser-155. Phosphorylation of Pirh2 appears to be regulated through cell cycle-dependent mechanism. CaMK II-mediated Pirh2 phosphorylation abrogates its E3 ligase activity toward p53. Together, our data suggest that phosphorylation of Pirh2 may act as a fine-tuning to maintain the balance of p53-Pirh2 autoregulatory feedback loop, which facilitates the tight regulation of p53 stability and tumor suppression.
authors.affiliation: Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Zhan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Dezhi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Zhengsheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wei-Guo
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Mian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002453:Cell Cycle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010768:Phosphoserine / Q000378:metabolism; D010769:Phosphothreonine / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D025801:Ubiquitin; D010769:Phosphothreonine; D010768:Phosphoserine; C485369:RCHY1 protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2