title: Fate of a Burkholderia pseudomallei lipopolysaccharide mutant in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7: possible role for the O-antigenic polysaccharide moiety of lipopolysaccharide in internalization and intracellular survival.
abstract: Burkholderia pseudomallei is a facultative intracellular gram-negative bacterium that can survive and multiply inside macrophages. One of the mechanisms by which B. pseudomallei escapes macrophage killing is by interfering with the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). However, the bacterial components that modulate antimicrobial activity of the macrophage have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we demonstrated that B. pseudomallei strain SRM117, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mutant that lacks the O-antigenic polysaccharide moiety, was more susceptible to macrophage killing during the early phase of infection than the parental wild-type strain (1026b). Unlike the wild type, the LPS mutant could readily stimulate Y701-STAT-1 phosphorylation (pY701-STAT-1) and interferon-regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) expression, both of which are essential transcription factors of iNOS. Neutralizing antibody against beta interferon was able to inhibit the phosphorylation of Y701-STAT-1 and the expression of IRF-1 and iNOS, all of which resulted in an increased rate of intracellular replication. These data suggest that the O-antigenic polysaccharide moiety of B. pseudomallei modulates the host cell response, which in turn controls the intracellular fate of B. pseudomallei inside macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arjcharoen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wikraiphat
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pudla
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Limposuwan
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sirisinha
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Utaisincharoen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016957:Burkholderia pseudomallei / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D007424:Intracellular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D019081:O Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D019081:O Antigens; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial