title: Ovarian endometriosis associated with ovarian cancer and endometrial-endocervical polyps.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of ovarian cancer and endometrial polyps in women with moderate and severe ovarian endometriosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of 667 cases of moderate and severe endometriosis laparoscopically and histologically confirmed during the period 1997-2004.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and ninety-three (29%) of cases were American Fertility Society (AFS) stage III (moderate endometriosis) and 473 (71%) were AFS stage IV (severe endometriosis). Ovarian cancer was diagnosed in 13 cases (2.0%), while an endometrial or endocervical polyp was identified in 35 cases (5.3%). The incidence of endometrial polyps in the group with moderate endometriosis tended to be higher (15/193, 7.8%) than in the group with severe endometriosis (20/473, 4.2%), and the same results were obtained in the ovarian cancer group (moderate: 6/193, 3.1%; severe: 7/473, 1.5%). However, neither of the two differences was statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ovarian endometriosis may be associated with an increased incidence of both ovarian cancer and endometrial polyps. Careful evaluation for coexistent pathology should be undertaken in women with symptomatic endometriosis.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens, Aretaieion Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Antonios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kontoravdis
authors.forename: Areti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Augoulea
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lambrinoudaki
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Christodoulakos
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tzortziotis
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grammatikakis
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kontoravdis
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Creatsas
mesh_terms: D018262:Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018269:Carcinoma, Endometrioid / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000150:complications; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011127:Polyps / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*