title: Determination of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead by inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry in foods after pressure digestion: NMKL interlaboratory study.
abstract: Thirteen laboratories participated in an interlaboratory method performance (collaborative) study on a method for the determination of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead by inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) after pressure digestion including the microwave heating technique. Prior to the study, the laboratories were able to practice on samples with defined element levels (pretrial test). The method was tested on a total of 7 foodstuffs: carrot puree, fish muscle, mushroom, graham flour, simulated diet, scampi, and mussel powder. The elemental concentrations in mg/kg dry matter (dm) ranged from 0.06-21.4 for As, 0.03-28.3 for Cd, 0.04-0.6 for Hg, and 0.01-2.4 for Pb. The materials used in the study were presented to the participants as blind duplicates, and the participants were asked to perform single determinations on each sample. The repeatability relative standard deviations (RSDr) for As ranged from 3.8 to 24%, for Cd from 2.6 to 6.9%, for Hg from 4.8 to 8.3%, and for Pb from 2.9 to 27%. The reproducibility relative standard deviations (RSDR) for As ranged from 9.0 to 28%, for Cd from 2.8 to 18%, for Hg from 9.9 to 24%, and for Pb from 8.0 to 50%. The HorRat values were less than 1.5 for all test samples, except for the determination of Pb in wheat flour at a level close to the limit of quantitation (0.01 mg/kg dm). The study showed that the ICP/MS method is satisfactory as a standard method for elemental determinations in foodstuffs.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), PO Box 2029 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway. kju@nifes.no
authors.forename: Kaare
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Julshamn
authors.forename: Amund
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maage
authors.forename: Hilde Skaar
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Norli
authors.forename: Karl H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Grobecker
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jorhem
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fecher
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales; D000818:Animals; D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis*; D049872:Bivalvia; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D018552:Daucus carota; D005396:Fish Products / Q000032:analysis; D005433:Flour; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis*; D008872:Microwaves; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead; D008628:Mercury; D001151:Arsenic