Laccase-catalyzed conversion of natural and synthetic hormones from a municipal wastewater.
The Trametes versicolor-derived laccase-catalyzed oxidation of natural estrogens (estrone--E1; 17beta-estradiol--E2; and estriol--E3) and a synthetic estrogen (17alpha-ethinylestradiol--EE2) was studied in synthetic water and municipal wastewater to optimize the process for steroid estrogen removal in wastewater. The optimal pH for each studied steroid estrogen oxidation was approximately 6 in synthetic water. This research also focused on the wastewater matrix effect on developed enzymatic treatment. At pH 7.0 and 25+/-1 degrees C, the experiments showed that the laccase-catalyzed system for the removal of steroid estrogens was not significantly affected by the municipal wastewater matrix. Laccase activity of 20 U/ml was sufficient to achieve complete removal of studied steroid estrogens in both synthetic water and municipal wastewater. Moreover, 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole, when used as a mediator, improved laccase-catalyzed system efficiency, thus decreasing the overall cost of the enzymatic system.
Auriol
Muriel
M
University of Missouri-Rolla, Environmental Research Center of Emerging Contaminants, 220 Butler Carlton Hall, Rolla, MO 65409, USA.
Filali-Meknassi
Youssef
Y
Tyagi
Rajeshwar D
RD
Adams
Craig D
CD
D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000201:enzymology; D002384:Catalysis; D045166:Estradiol Congeners / Q000378:metabolism*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D042845:Laccase / Q000378:metabolism*; D012722:Sewage; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
D045166:Estradiol Congeners; D004967:Estrogens; D012722:Sewage; D014230:Triazoles; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C011852:1-hydroxybenzotriazole; D042845:Laccase