title: Enhancing brief cognitive-behavioral therapy with motivational enhancement techniques in cocaine users.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the impact of enhancing brief cognitive-behavioral therapy with motivational interviewing techniques for cocaine abuse or dependence, using a focused intervention paradigm.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (n=74) who met current criteria for cocaine abuse or dependence were randomized to three-session cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or three-session enhanced CBT (MET+CBT), which included an initial session of motivational enhancement therapy (MET). Outcome measures included treatment retention, process measures (e.g., commitment to abstinence, satisfaction with treatment), and cocaine use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants who received the MET+CBT intervention attended more drug treatment sessions following the study interventions, reported significantly greater desire for abstinence and expectation of success, and they expected greater difficulty in maintaining abstinence compared to the CBT condition. There were no differences across treatment conditions on cocaine use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings offer mixed support for the addition of MET as an adjunctive approach to CBT for cocaine users. In addition, the study provides evidence for the feasibility of using short-term studies to test the effects of specific treatment components or refinements on measures of therapy process and outcome.
authors.affiliation: Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT 06519, USA. sherry.mckee@yale.edu
authors.forename: Sherry A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: McKee
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: Rajita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: Jane E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Charla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nich
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cavallo
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: O'Malley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D011614:Psychotherapy, Brief / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome