title: Enriched rearing facilitates spatial exploration in northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) neonates.
abstract: Rearing with enriched environmental complexity has been shown to enhance spatial exploration and spatial learning, among other benefits. Most studies examining enriched rearing effects have used extended periods of exposure in mammals; little is known about enrichment effects on avian species. We provided objects designed to encourage spatial exploration to socially raised northern bobwhite neonates; controls were socially raised without the enrichment devices. After 3-5 days of exposure, maze performance was assessed for 48 chicks. Chicks in the enriched group showed significantly more spatial activity in the maze than control chicks. These results extend the generality of spatial enrichment effects to birds and to a relatively short duration of enrichment exposure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Medaille College, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lazic
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lickliter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D003088:Colinus; D004779:Environment Design; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000502:physiology; D012919:Social Behavior; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology; D013037:Spatial Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors