title: Growth inhibitory and apoptosis inducing effect of Perilla frutescens extract on human hepatoma HepG2 cells.
abstract: Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. (Lamiaceae) has traditionally been used to treat diseases, including tumors, but the antitumorigenesis mechanism is unclear. We evaluated the effects of Perilla frutescens leaf extract (PLE) on proliferation and apoptosis inducing in human hepatoma HepG2 cells using a cell proliferation assay, flow cytometry, and cDNA microarrays. Gene expression and apoptosis were also assessed in HepG2 cells treated with a major constituent of PLE, rosmarinic acid (RosA). In the PLE-treated HepG2 cells, antiproliferative activity (105 microg/mL) were observed, flow cytometry revealed significant apoptosis, and microarray data indicated that the expression of a lot apoptosis-related genes were regulated in a time-dependent manner. Compared with PLE, RosA (10 microg/mL; a dose equivalent to 105 microg/mL of PLE) was less effective in increasing the expression of apoptosis-related genes and apoptosis inducing in HepG2 cells. Thus, additional PLE constituents may influence apoptosis in HepG2 cells. The results of our study suggest that the PLE should be further investigated as a promising to treat hepatocellular carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Po-Ai Street, Hsinchu 30050, Taiwan. lincs@mail.nctu.tw
authors.forename: Chih-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chao-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Jui-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ju-Sang
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Zheng-Wen
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chi-Fei
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D053330:4-1BB Ligand / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D053630:Depsides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods; D031344:Perilla frutescens / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid; D000097782:NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase
chemical_list: D053330:4-1BB Ligand; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D053181:Caspase 8; D002934:Cinnamates; D053630:Depsides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid; D000097782:NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase; C505974:TNFSF9 protein, human; C040048:caffeic acid