Differential alkaline phosphatase responses of rat and human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells to 45S5 bioactive glass.
Bioactive glass is used as both a bone filler and as a coating on implants, and has been advocated as a potential osteogenic scaffold for tissue engineering. Rat-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase activity when grown on 45S5 bioactive glass as compared to standard tissue culture plastic. Similarly, exposure to the dissolution products of 45S5 elevates alkaline phosphatase activity and other osteogenic markers in these cells. We investigated whether human MSCs grown under the same laboratory conditions as rat MSCs would exhibit similar responses. In general, human MSCs produce markedly less alkaline phosphatase activity than rat MSCs, regardless of cell culture conditions, and do not respond to the growth factor BMP-2 in the same way as rat MSCs. In our experiments there was no difference in alkaline phosphatase activity between human MSCs grown on 45S5 bioactive glass or tissue culture plastic, in samples from five different orthopaedic patients, regardless of culture media composition. Neither was there any consistent effect of 45S5 dissolution products on human MSCs from three different donors. These results suggest that the positive effects of bioactive glass on bone growth in human patients are not mediated by accelerated differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.
Reilly
Gwendolen C
GC
Department of Engineering Materials, Kroto Research Institute, North Campus, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK. g.reilly@sheffield.ac.uk
Radin
Shula
S
Chen
Andrew T
AT
Ducheyne
Paul
P
D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000378:metabolism*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002516:Ceramics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005898:Glass; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D023822:Tissue Engineering
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C425330:bioactive glass 45S5; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase