Use of a DNAemia cut-off for monitoring human cytomegalovirus infection reduces the number of preemptively treated children and young adults receiving hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation compared with qualitative pp65 antigenemia.
We performed a randomized trial comparing the use of quantitative DNAemia versus positive antigenemia for starting preemptive antihuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) therapy in hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. In the DNAemia arm, antiviral therapy was initiated on reaching a DNAemia cut-off of 10 000 DNA copies/mL of whole blood, whereas in the antigenemia arm, therapy was started in the presence of a positive antigenemia. The aim of the study was to compare the number of patients treated in the 2 arms. On the whole, 178 patients (89 in each arm), receiving unmanipulated HSCT from either a relative or an unrelated donor, completed the study. Although the incidence of HCMV infection was comparable in DNAemia and antigenemia arms (34% vs 42%, respectively, P = .259), the number of patients treated was significantly lower in the DNAemia arm (18% vs 31%, P = .026). No patient developed HCMV disease. The use of a DNAemia cut-off avoids unnecessary antiviral treatment.
Lilleri
Daniele
D
Servizio di Virologia, Università di Pavia, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Gerna
Giuseppe
G
Furione
Milena
M
Bernardo
Maria Ester
ME
Giorgiani
Giovanna
G
Telli
Stefania
S
Baldanti
Fausto
F
Locatelli
Franco
F
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral