title: Unexplained chest pain in relation to psychosocial factors and health-related quality of life in men and women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Unexplained chest pain is a frequent and increasingly common complaint among patients admitted to Emergency Departments. Previous studies have defined unexplained chest pain as non-cardiac or non-coronary artery disease, i.e. patients with other organic causes explaining the chest pain could be included. To increase the knowledge of unexplained chest pain, this study only includes patients without any known explanation for their chest pain.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze gender differences regarding pain characteristics, psychosocial factors and health-related quality of life among patients diagnosed unexplained chest pain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results are based on 179 patients (101 men, 78 women) between 16 and 69 years old (mean age 45.3) consecutively admitted to Emergency Department. Pain characteristics were assessed by Pain-O-Meter. Social relationships, depression, anxiety, and health-related quality of life were measured by a self-administered questionnaire. There were no gender differences regarding chest pain intensity; however women described their pain as burning (p<0.01) and frightening (p<0.03) more often than men. Men reported less depression (p<0.01) and less trait anxiety (p=0.01) than women. Chest pain intensity did not significantly impact health-related quality of life except physical functioning in men (p=0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gender differences were few. Chest pain intensity did not significantly impact health-related quality of life.
authors.affiliation: The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Box 457, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden. annika.janson-fagring@gu.se
authors.forename: Annika Janson
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Fagring
authors.forename: Fannie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gaston-Johansson
authors.forename: Karin I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Kjellgren
authors.forename: Catharina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Welin
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008571:Men / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden; D014930:Women / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*