title: Identification of vertebral fracture and non-osteoporotic short vertebral height in men: the MrOS study.
abstract: Non-osteoporotic SVH may mimic VF but is excluded in ABQ. In men, this led to discordance between ABQ and other methods, but SVH was not linked to low bone density. Exclusion of SVH could reduce false positives.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Non-osteoporotic short vertebral height (SVH) may mimic vertebral fracture (VF). The aims were to (1) compare the prevalence of VF in elderly men using the algorithm-based qualitative (ABQ), semiquantitative (SQ), and triage-quantitative morphometric (triage-QM) methods; (2) identify reasons for discordance between methods; and (3) determine whether SVH identified by ABQ is linked to low BMD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied a subset of 732 men ages > or =65 yr participating in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study. Criteria for VF were (1) ABQ: endplate depression; (2) SQ: estimated vertebral height reduction > or =20%; (3) triage-QM: vertebral height ratio >3 SD below the reference mean, on radiographs showing evidence of VF. Criteria for SVH (ABQ) were apparent "reduction" in vertebral height > or = approximately 15%, without evidence of endplate depression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of at least one VF was 10% (ABQ); 13% (SQ) and 11% (QM-triage) and of at least one SVH (ABQ) was >50%. Agreement between methods was moderate (kappa = 0.42-0.62). Discordance between methods related mainly to classification of mild thoracic wedging or possible traumatic VF by ABQ. Mean BMD was lower in men with VF (any diagnostic method) than in those without (two-sample t-test, p < 0.05). For ABQ, BMD was similar in men with SVH (no VF) and men with normal vertebrae (ANOVA, p > 0.05). Mean BMD was significantly lower than expected in 40 men with VF identified by all three methods and average or more than average in those identified by a single method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among elderly men (1) the prevalence of VF ranges from 10% to 13%: (2) agreement between diagnostic methods is moderate: discordance relates mainly to differential classification of mild thoracic deformities or ABQ definition of VF as traumatic; and (3) SVH identified by ABQ is common and not linked to low BMD.
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom. L.Ferrar@sheffield.ac.uk
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrar
authors.forename: Guirong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Peggy M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Cawthon
authors.forename: Ria
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: San Valentin
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fullman
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: Dennis M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Orwoll
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barrett-Connor
authors.forename: Kris
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ensrud
authors.forename: Howard A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eastell
mesh_terms: D015519:Bone Density; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000473:pathology; D015995:Prevalence; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D013131:Spine / Q000473:pathology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology