title: Modelling the effect of high pressure on the inactivation kinetics of a pressure-resistant strain of Pediococcus damnosus in phosphate buffer and gilt-head seabream (Sparus aurata).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this research was to: (i) determine the inactivation pattern of a pressure-resistant strain of Pediococcus damnosus by high hydrostatic pressure in phosphate buffer (pH 6.7) and gilt-head seabream using the linear, biphasic and Weibull models; and (ii) validate the applicability of the Weibull model to predict survival curves at other experimental pressure levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A pressure-resistant strain of P. damnosus was exposed to a range of pressures (500, 550, 600 and 650 MPa) in phosphate buffer (pH 6.7) and gilt-head seabream for up to 8 min at ambient temperature (23 degrees C). Inactivation kinetics were described by the linear, biphasic and Weibull models. Increasing the magnitude of the pressure applied resulted in increasing levels of inactivation. Pronounced tailing effect was observed at pressures over 600 MPa. The Weibull and biphasic models consistently produced better fit than the linear model as inferred by the values of the root mean squared error, coefficient of determination (R2) and accuracy factor (A(f)). The scale factor (b) of the Weibull model was linearly correlated with pressure (P) treatment in the whole pressure range. Substituting the b parameter in the initial Weibull function and calculating the shape factor (n) by linear interpolation, high pressure (P) was directly incorporated into the model providing reasonable predictions of the survival curves at 570 and 630 MPa. Comparison between the survival curves in phosphate buffer and gilt-head seabream showed a clear protective effect of the food matrix on the resistance of the micro-organism, especially at 500 and 550 MPa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Weibull and biphasic models were more flexible to describe the survival curves of P. damnosus in the experimental pressure range, taking also into account the tailing effect that could not be included in the linear model. The Weibull model could also give reasonable predictions of the survival curves at other experimental pressures in both pressure menstrua. As the food matrix has a protective effect in microbial inactivation, the development of accurate mathematical models should be done directly on real food to avoid under- or over-processing times.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The development of accurate models to describe the survival curves of micro-organisms under high hydrostatic pressure treatment would be very important to the food industry for process optimisation, food safety and extension of the applicability of high pressure processing.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, National Agricultural Research Foundation, Lycovrissi, Greece. stathispanagou@nagref.gr
authors.forename: E Z
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Panagou
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Tassou
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Manitsa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mallidis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D016014:Linear Models; D050296:Microbial Viability; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010376:Pediococcus / Q000254:growth & development*; D010710:Phosphates; D021541:Sea Bream / Q000382:microbiology*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates