title: Characteristics, management process, and outcome of patients suffering in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrests in a teaching hospital in Hong Kong.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the demographics, process indicators of adult in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest resuscitation, and outcomes in a teaching hospital in Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A university-affiliated tertiary referral hospital with 997 acute adult beds in Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  Those who suffered a cardiopulmonary resuscitation event, as documented in retrieved records of all in-patients during the inclusive period January 2002 to December 2005.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 531 resuscitation events; the mean (standard deviation) age of the corresponding patients was 70.7 (15.4) years. Most (83%) occurred in non-monitored areas and most (97%) were cardiopulmonary arrests. The predominant initial rhythm was asystole (52%); only 8% of patients had ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation. All the resuscitations were initiated by on-site first responders. The median times from collapse to arrival of the resuscitation team, to defibrillation, to administration of adrenaline, and to intubation were: 5 (interquartile range, 2-6) minutes, 5 (1-7) minutes, 5 (3-10) minutes, and 9 (5-13) minutes, respectively. The overall hospital survival (discharge) rate was 5%. The survival rate was higher among patients in monitored areas (9 vs 4%, P=0.046), among patients with isolated respiratory arrests (61 vs 3%, P<0.001), primary ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation arrests (13 vs 4%, P<0.001), shorter interval times from collapse to medication (1.5 vs 5 min, P=0.013), and longer interval times to intubation (12 vs 8 min, P=0.013).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hospital survival after in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrests was poor. Possible strategies to improve survival include shorten time interval to defibrillation, and provision of more monitored beds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong. yhyyap@cuhk.edu.hk
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.forename: Thomas S T
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Chui
authors.forename: Philip K N
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Desmond W l
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Gavin M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Joynt
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000401:mortality*; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome