title: [Osteopenia and osteoporosis of the distal forearm in menopausal females].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the frequency of decreased bone mineral density (BMD) in the distal forearm of the females visiting a specialized city consultative center for menopausal pathology, by using dual energy X-ray absorptiomentry (DEX4) and to assess risk factors for osteoporosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cross-sectional study included 681 females (mean age 54.8 +/- 5.81 years) who had filled in the questionnaire of the National Osteoporosis Risk Factor Study Program. The severity of the menopausal syndrome was evaluated by means of the modified menopausal index. Distal forearm BMD was diagnosed by DEXA on a DTX 200 apparatus (Denmark).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Osteopenia and osteoporosis were detected in 187 (27.5%) and 53 (7.8%) of the examinees, respectively. The females with osteopenic syndrome had a lower body mass. Arterial hypertension was more frequently detected among the patients with OP. The distal forearm was the most common site of fractures. Irrespective of the state of BMD, the proportion of those who regularly ate dairy products was extremely low.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A rapid BMD reduction is observed in menopausal females. The proportion of antihypertensive patients was significantly higher among the women with osteopenic syndrome.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Fominykh
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Popov
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Izmozherova
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Akimova
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Tagil'tseva
authors.forename: O Iu
authors.initials: OIu
authors.lastname: Striukova
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D015519:Bone Density; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology