title: Intermittent exposure to ethanol vapor affects osteoblast behaviour more severely than estrogen deficiency does in vitro study on rat osteoblasts.
abstract: With rising rates of alcohol consumption acute and chronic damage from alcohol is expected to increase all over the world. Habitual excessive alcohol consumption is associated with pathological effects on bone. The aim of the present in vitro study was to investigate comparatively the proliferation and synthetic activity of osteoblasts (OB) isolated from the trabecular bone of rats previously exposed to 7-week intermittent exposure to ethanol vapor, sham-aged rats and long-term estrogen deficient rats. Cell proliferation (WST1) and synthesis of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), collagen I (CICP), transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNFalpha) were measured at 3, 7 and 14 days of culture. Osteoblast proliferation rate and TGF-beta1, IL-6 and TNFalpha syntheses were significantly affected by alcohol exposure. Estrogen deficiency and alcohol consumption share many common pathophysiological mechanisms of damage to bone, but alcohol affects OB proliferation and TNFalpha synthesis significantly more than menopause does. Therefore, these in vitro data suggest that alcohol has even more deleterious effects on bone than estrogen deficiency does.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Research Institute Codivilla-Putti, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: paola.torricelli@ior.it.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Torricelli
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Research Institute Codivilla-Putti, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: milena.fini@ior.it.
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Research Institute Codivilla-Putti, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: gianluca.giavaresi@ior.it.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giavaresi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Research Institute Codivilla-Putti, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: veronica.borsari@ior.it.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Borsari
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont "Amedeo Avogadro", via Solaroli 17, 20068 Novara, Italy. Electronic address: lia.rimondini@med.unipmn.it.
authors.forename: Lia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rimondini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40128 Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: roberto.rimondini@unibo.it.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rimondini
authors.affiliation: Unit of Oral Pathology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, Via Beldiletto 1/4, 20100 Milan, Italy. Electronic address: antonio.carrassi@unimi.it.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrassi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Research Institute Codivilla-Putti, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Surgical Pathophysiology, University of Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: roberto.giardino@ior.it.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giardino
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004967:Estrogens / Q000172:deficiency*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D010052:Ovariectomy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D016207:Cytokines; D004967:Estrogens; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D015675:Osteocalcin; D000431:Ethanol; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase