title: Effect of herbicide and soil amendment on growth and photosynthetic responses in olive crops.
abstract: Diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)- = 1,1-dimethylurea] and simazine (6-chloro-N(2), N(4)-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) are soil-applied herbicides used in olive crops. The objective of this study is to investigate the combined effect of these herbicides and the amendment of soil with an organic waste (OW) from the olive oil production industry on the growth and photosynthetic apparatus of adult olive trees and to compare the results with those obtained by Redondo-Gómez et al. for two-year-old trees. For this purpose, growth rate, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured in 38-year-old olive trees, after one and two months of soil herbicide treatment and/or OW amendment. Soil co-application of OW and herbicide increases the quantum efficiency of Photosystem II (PSII) and the assimilation of CO(2) in olive trees, which led to a higher relative growth rate of the branches and leaves in length. Herbicide treatment reduced the photosynthetic efficiency in olive trees after two months of soil application, while this reduction is evident from week one in younger trees.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain. susana@us.es
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Redondo-Gómez
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mateos-Naranjo
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cornejo
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Figueroa
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D004237:Diuron / Q000737:chemistry*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry*; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis; D031658:Olea / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000187:drug effects*; D012839:Simazine / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D007220:Industrial Waste; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D004237:Diuron; D012839:Simazine