title: A SPECT study of apathy in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the association between regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and apathy in Alzheimer's Disease (AD).
  
  
  METHODS
  SPECT and MRI scans were obtained from 51 nondepressed outpatients meeting criteria for probable AD (age 77.6 +/- 6.6 years; MMSE 22.3 +/- 5.1; 23 apathetic, 28 nonapathetic) and 23 healthy elderly (75.6 +/- 3.8 years) controls. The following regions of interest (ROIs) were compared between apathetic and nonapathetic AD patients and then referenced against aged controls: anterior cingulate, orbitofrontal cortex, middle medial temporal cortex, hippocampus, medial superior temporal cortex, thalamus/hypothalamus and pons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Apathetic and nonapathetic patients had significant differences in rCBF. Relative to nonapathetic AD patients, apathetic AD patients had lower perfusion in 2 ROIs (right orbitofrontal cortex and left anterior cingulate) and higher perfusion in 5 ROIs (right and left hippocampi, left medial superior temporal gyrus, and right and left middle medial temporal cortex). Comparison of rCBF in these 7 ROIs to healthy elderly controls confirmed hypoperfusion in the left anterior cingulate and right orbitofrontal cortex and suggested a relative sparing of perfusion among apathetic AD patients in the remaining 5 ROIs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this group of nondepressed patients with AD, apathetic subjects displayed significant perfusion differences compared to nonapathetic subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada. krista.lanctot@sunnybrook.ca
authors.forename: Krista L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Lanctôt
authors.forename: Shehnaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moosa
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: Farrell S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Leibovitch
authors.forename: Lana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rothenburg
authors.forename: Adolfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cotter
authors.forename: Sandra E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Black
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon