title: Echocardiographic guidance and assessment of percutaneous repair for mitral regurgitation with the Evalve MitraClip: lessons learned from EVEREST I.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Percutaneous mitral repair is rapidly developing as an alternative to cardiac surgery in select patients. The Evalve percutaneous E2E system uses the MitraClip to replicate the surgical suture-based approach. This procedure requires real-time echocardiographic guidance in a unique and significant collaboration between echocardiographer and interventionalist. transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is used as the primary imaging modality to guide this procedure and is essential to its success.
  
  
  METHODS
  In EVEREST I, the US multicenter phase I safety and feasibility trial, 47 patients with 3 or 4+ mitral regurgitation (MR) were enrolled. The trial involved a standardized echocardiographic imaging protocol with a standardized anatomic-based vocabulary, predetermined standard TEE views, preprocedural strategy meetings, and display of echocardiographic aids to optimize communication and procedural efficiency during placement of the clip.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TEE guidance facilitated the creation of a double-orifice mitral valve in all 47 patients enrolled (100%), and 40 patients were discharged with 1 or more clips (85%). At discharge, successful placement of a clip and <or= 2+ MR was present in 34 patients (74%). The standardized approach contributed to a reduction in the time to perform the procedure over the course of the trial at both initial and new sites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TEE is essential to the guidance of percutaneous MitraClip E2E repair. A streamlined approach to echocardiographic guidance, using predetermined standardized views, a common anatomic-based vocabulary, preprocedural strategy meetings, and a display of echocardiographic aids in the catheterization laboratory shortens the procedure time and allows for efficient percutaneous repair.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Fsilvest@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Frank E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Silvestry
authors.forename: L Leonardo
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Howard C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rohatgi
authors.forename: Stuart J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pulerwitz
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zunamon
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Merlino
authors.forename: Randolph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Krabill
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Block
authors.forename: Pat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Whitlow
authors.forename: E Murat
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Tuzcu
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kapadia
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reisman
authors.forename: Hal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wasserman
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Elyse
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: Ted
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Wiegers
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome