A randomized trial to determine the change in alanine aminotransferase during 10 days of paracetamol (acetaminophen) administration in subjects who consume moderate amounts of alcohol.
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have suggested that therapeutic doses of paracetamol (acetaminophen) are safe in alcoholic patients when administered for up to 3 days. However, 14 days of therapeutic doses of paracetamol has been associated with an increase in serum transaminases.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of 10 days of the maximal therapeutic dose of paracetamol on serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in subjects who consume 1 to 3 alcoholic beverages per day.


METHODS
This was a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial. Subjects took 4 g of paracetamol (or placebo) daily for 10 days. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), ALT, bilirubin and INR were measured at baseline, day 4 and day 11. Symptoms potentially related to liver injury were also recorded.


RESULTS
Paracetamol and placebo groups had no change from baseline values at day 4, but the paracetamol group had an increase in mean ALT at day 11 of 8.7 IU/L. No subject developed symptoms of liver injury or met predefined criteria for hepatotoxicity or liver failure.


CONCLUSIONS
Therapeutic dosing of paracetamol administered for 10 days appears to elevate serum ALT in moderate drinkers, but does not produce clinically evident liver injury.
Heard
K
K
Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center, Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA. kennon.heard@rmpdc.org
Green
J L
JL
Bailey
J E
JE
Bogdan
G M
GM
Dart
R C
RC
D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018570:Risk Assessment
D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000082:Acetaminophen; D000410:Alanine Transaminase