What is the function of neuronal AP-3?
Neurotransmission requires the proper organization and rapid recycling of synaptic vesicles. Rapid retrieval has been suggested to occur either by kiss-and-stay or kiss-and-run mechanisms, whereas classical recycling is mediated by clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Molecular coats are key components in the selection of cargos, AP-2 (adaptor protein 2) playing a prominent role in synaptic vesicle endocytosis. Another coat protein, AP-3, has been implicated in synaptic vesicle biogenesis and in the generation of secretory and lysosomal-related organelles. In the present review, we will particularly focus on the recent data concerning the recycling of synaptic vesicles and the function of AP-3 and the v-SNARE (vesicular soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein-attachment protein receptor) TI-VAMP (tetanus neurotoxin-insensitive vesicle-associated membrane protein) in these processes. We propose that AP-3 plays an important regulatory role in neurons which contributes to the basal and stimulated exocytosis of synaptic vesicles.
Danglot
Lydia
L
Membrane Traffic in Neuronal and Epithelial Morphogenesis, INSERM Avenir Team, Paris, France.
Galli
Thierry
T
D033963:Adaptor Protein Complex 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002966:Clathrin / Q000378:metabolism; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000502:physiology; D005089:Exocytosis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050683:R-SNARE Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050600:SNARE Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology*; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*
D033963:Adaptor Protein Complex 3; D002966:Clathrin; D021122:Protein Subunits; D050683:R-SNARE Proteins; D050600:SNARE Proteins