title: Protein folding: then and now.
abstract: Over the past three decades the protein folding field has undergone monumental changes. Originally a purely academic question, how a protein folds has now become vital in understanding diseases and our abilities to rationally manipulate cellular life by engineering protein folding pathways. We review and contrast past and recent developments in the protein folding field. Specifically, we discuss the progress in our understanding of protein folding thermodynamics and kinetics, the properties of evasive intermediates, and unfolded states. We also discuss how some abnormalities in protein folding lead to protein aggregation and human diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Yiwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Huifen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Adrian W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Serohijos
authors.forename: Shantanu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Kyle C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Wilcox
authors.forename: Shuangye
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Nikolay V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Dokholyan
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D015202:Protein Engineering; D017510:Protein Folding; D013816:Thermodynamics