title: The Sch9 kinase is a chromatin-associated transcriptional activator of osmostress-responsive genes.
abstract: The yeast Sch9 kinase has been implicated in the cellular adjustment to nutrient availability and in the regulation of aging. Here, we define a novel role for Sch9 in the transcriptional activation of osmostress inducible genes. Loss-of-function mutants sch9 are sensitive to hyperosmotic stress and show an impaired transcriptional response upon osmotic shock of several defense genes. We show that Sch9 is required for gene expression regulated by Sko1, a transcription factor, which is directly targeted by the Hog1 MAP kinase. Sch9 interacts in vitro with both Sko1 and Hog1. Additionally, Sch9 phosphorylates Sko1 in vitro. When artificially tethered to promoter DNA, Sch9 strongly activates transcription independently of osmotic stress. Using in vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation, we demonstrate that Sch9 is recruited to the GRE2 and CTT1 genes exclusively under osmostress conditions, and that this recruitment is dependent on Hog1 and Sko1. Furthermore, Sch9 is required for the proper recruitment of Hog1 at the same genes. Our data reveal the complexity of stress-induced transcription by the regulated association of signaling kinases to chromatin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-CSIC, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pascual-Ahuir
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Proft
mesh_terms: D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010641:Phenotype; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D002843:Chromatin; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C077832:SKO1 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D011494:Protein Kinases; C071569:SCH9 protein kinase; C088589:HOG1 protein, S cerevisiae; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases