title: The influence of parity and smoking in the social environment on tobacco consumption among daily smoking women in Denmark.
abstract: The aim of this paper isto determine factors associated with higher tobacco consumption in a large cohort of daily smoking Danish women 27-39 years of age with a main focus on the smoking habits of people in the women's social environment and parity. A cohort of 12,023 Danish women was examined in a cross-sectional study design with a mailed questionnaire. Among the 3,672 daily smokers, 2,365 (64.4%) smoked more than 15 cigarettes per day. Smokers in the childhood home, living alone or cohabiting with a smoking partner, friends smoking, and colleagues smoking were associated with higher tobacco consumption, while short duration of smoking was associated with lower tobacco consumption. Anti-smoking programs should focus on the social network of the women. Furthermore, there is a need to target mothers who smoke, especially less educated mothers.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Luise L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Munk
authors.forename: Birthe L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Frederiksen
authors.forename: Susanne K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kjaer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003718:Denmark; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D012931:Social Environment; D012932:Social Facilitation; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology