title: Transplantation of engineered bone tissue using a rotary three-dimensional culture system.
abstract: Bone is a complex, highly structured, mechanically active, three-dimensional (3-D) tissue composed of cellular and matrix elements. We previously published a report on in situ collagen gelation using a rotary 3-D culture system (CG-RC system) for the construction of large tissue specimens. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the feasibility of bone tissue engineering using our CG-RC system. Osteoblasts from the calvaria of newborn Wistar rats were cultured in the CG-RC system for up to 3 wk. The engineered 3-D tissues were implanted into the backs of nude mice and calvarial round bone defects in Wistar rats. Cell metabolic activity, mineralization, and bone-related proteins were measured in vitro in the engineered 3-D tissues. Also, the in vivo histological features of the transplanted, engineered 3-D tissues were evaluated in the animal models. We found that metabolic activity increased in the engineered 3-D tissues during cultivation, and that sufficient mineralization occurred during the 3 wk in the CG-RC system in vitro. One mo posttransplantation, the transplants to nude mice remained mineralized and were well invaded by host vasculature. Of particular interest, 2 mo posttransplantation, the transplants into the calvarial bone defects of rats were replaced by new mature bone. Thus, this study shows that large 3-D osseous tissue could be produced in vitro and that the engineered 3-D tissue had in vivo osteoinductive potential when transplanted into ectopic locations and into bone defects. Therefore, this system should be a useful model for bone tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan. mhidaka@belle.shiaga-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Miyoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hidaka
authors.forename: George Nan-Chang
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Joy Kuan-Hao
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mukaisho
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Gaku
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D016378:Tissue Transplantation
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes