title: Fibrinogen gamma-A chain precursor in CSF: a candidate biomarker for Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may be valuable for exploring protein markers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The prospect of early detection and treatment, to slow progression, holds hope for aging populations with increased average lifespan. The aim of the present study was to investigate candidate CSF biological markers in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD and compare them with age-matched normal control subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  We applied proteomics approaches to analyze CSF samples derived from 27 patients with AD, 3 subjects with MCI and 30 controls. The AD group was subdivided into three groups by clinical severity according to clinical dementia rating (CDR), a well known clinical scale for dementia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We demonstrated an elevated level of fibrinogen gamma-A chain precursor protein in CSF from patients with mild cognitive impairment and AD compared to the age-matched normal subjects. Moreover, its expression was more prominent in the AD group than in the MCI and correlated with disease severity and progression. In contrast, fibrinogen gamma-A chain precursor protein was detected very low in the age-matched normal group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the CSF level of fibrinogen gamma-A chain precursor may be a candidate biomarker for AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Bobath Memorial Hospital, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyungki-do, Korea. marineultrablue@yahoo.co.kr <marineultrablue@yahoo.co.kr>
authors.forename: Joung Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Namkoong
authors.forename: Hyun Kee
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sanghee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Whi
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Hae Ri
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: Seon-Ah
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Jae-Ryong
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D003704:Dementia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C027539:fibrinopeptides gamma; D005340:Fibrinogen