title: Current and emerging strategies for the management of sarcoidosis.
abstract: Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. Although any organ may be involved, the lungs are most frequently affected. The clinical course of the disease is highly variable, with up to two-thirds of untreated patients experiencing spontaneous remission within 12-24 months of onset of symptoms. When therapy is required, corticosteroids are considered standard, but studies demonstrating their ability to modify the long-term outcome in this disease are lacking. Often, the myriad of adverse side effects of corticosteroids necessitate the addition of immunosuppressants, cytotoxic agents or biologic therapies to maintain disease remission. Unfortunately, optimal therapeutic regimens have not been described. Patients who do not respond to therapy often experience progressive fibrotic changes and end-organ damage, which ultimately may result in significant morbidity or death. Agents commonly used to treat patients with sarcoidosis and emerging therapeutic options are discussed.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Medical Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 6301 MSRB III/0642, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0642, USA. docew@umich.edu
authors.forename: Eric S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Joseph P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lynch
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012074:Remission Induction; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001685:Biological Factors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents