title: Long-term efficacy and tolerability of flutamide combined with oral contraception in moderate to severe hirsutism: a 12-month, double-blind, parallel clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to test the efficacy and tolerability of three doses of flutamide (125, 250, and 375 mg) combined with a triphasic oral contraceptive (ethynylestradiol/levonorgestrel) during 12 months to treat moderate to severe hirsutism in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome or idiopathic hirsutism.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 131 premenopausal women, suffering from moderate to severe hirsutism, were randomized to placebo or 125, 250, or 375 mg flutamide daily associated with a triphasic oral contraceptive pill. Hirsutism (Ferriman-Gallwey), acne and seborrhea (Cremoncini), and hormone serum levels were monitored at baseline and at 3 (except hormone serum levels), 6, and 12 months. Side effects and biochemical, hematological, and hepatic parameters were assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used three-way ANOVA (subject, dose, and visit) with Scheffé adjustment for multiple comparisons or nonparametrical Friedman test and least-squares mean (paired data) and Kruskall-Wallis test for unpaired data analyses. We used chi(2) or Fisher's test for categorical data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 119 patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. All flutamide doses induced a significant decrease in hirsutism, acne, and seborrhea scores after 12 months compared with placebo without differences among dose levels. Similar related side effects were observed with placebo and 125 mg flutamide (12.5%), and slightly higher with 250 mg (17.3%) and 375 mg (21.2%). No statistically significant differences were observed either among doses or compared with placebo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Flutamide at 125 mg daily during 12 months was the minimum effective dose to diminish hirsutism in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome or with idiopathic hirsutism.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Avenida Sant Antoni M Claret, 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain. jcalaf@hsp.santpau.es
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Calaf
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Millet
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alcañiz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fortuny
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Callejo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Escobar-Jiménez
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Espinós
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000188:drug therapy; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D012628:Dermatitis, Seborrheic / Q000188:drug therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005485:Flutamide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006628:Hirsutism / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D010919:Placebos; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; D010919:Placebos; D005485:Flutamide