title: Capecitabine as third-line treatment in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma after failing immunotherapy.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity and toxicity of capecitabine as third-line treatment in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma for whom immunotherapy had failed. Twenty-one patients with metastatic clear renal cell carcinoma were enrolled. Capecitabine was administered orally twice daily at a dosage of 2500 mg/m(2) for 14 days, followed by 7 days of rest. The median number of administered cycles was five (1-13). One patient (4.8%) achieved a remission after eight treatment cycles. Stable disease was observed in nine patients (42.8%), whereas 11 progressed (52.4%). The estimated median time to progression was 3.6 months (confidence interval: 1.4 to 5.2). The estimated median overall survival was 7.2 months (confidence interval: 4.6 to 8.8). The regimen was well tolerated and no unexpected toxic effects were observed. Capecitabine as third-line treatment showed a favourable toxicity profile, but exhibited low activity in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma after failing immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Pathology and Oncology, Medical Oncology Section, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 11, 53100 Siena, Italy. r.petrioli@ao-siena.toscana.it
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Petrioli
authors.forename: Loretta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Paolelli
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Francini
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marsili
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pascucci
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sciandivasci
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Rubertis
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barbanti
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manganelli
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Salvestrini
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Francini
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069287:Capecitabine; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018450:Disease Progression; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011355:Prodrugs; D012074:Remission Induction; D015996:Survival Rate; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D011355:Prodrugs; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000069287:Capecitabine; D005472:Fluorouracil