title: Usefulness of transpapillary bile duct brushing cytology and forceps biopsy for improved diagnosis in patients with biliary strictures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transpapillary bile duct brushing cytology and/or forceps biopsy was performed in the presence of an indwelling guidewire in patients with biliary stricture, and the treatment time, overall diagnosis rate, diagnosis rate of each disease, complications, and influences on subsequent biliary drainage were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  After endoscopic retrograde cholangiography, brushing cytology was performed, followed by forceps biopsy. In patients with obstructive jaundice, endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD) was subsequently performed. To investigate the influences of bile duct brushing cytology and forceps biopsy on EBD, patients who underwent subsequent EBD by plastic stent were compared with patients who underwent EBD alone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The samples for cytology were collected successfully in all cases, and the sensitivity for malignancy/benignity, specificity, and accuracy were 71.6%, 100%, and 75.0%, respectively. The biopsy sampling was successful in 51 patients, and samples applicable to the evaluation were collected in all 51 patients. The sensitivity for malignancy/benignity, specificity, and accuracy were 65.2%, 100%, and 68.6%, respectively. Combination of the two procedures increased the sensitivity and accuracy to 73.5% and 76.6%, respectively. The time required for cytology and biopsy was 11.7 min, which is relatively short. Cytology and biopsy did not affect drainage. Regarding accidents, bile duct perforation occurred during biopsy in one patient (1.9%), but was rapidly improved by endoscopic biliary drainage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transpapillary brushing cytology and forceps biopsy could be performed in a short time. The diagnosis rate was high, and the incidence of complication was low, having no influence on subsequent biliary drainage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulation, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan. yasu-kita@nifty.com
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitajima
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kanto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Shozo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Togawa
authors.forename: Itaru
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Tessin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ban
authors.forename: Katuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyabe
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akita
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Joh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017734:Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D001651:Cholestasis, Extrahepatic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D003581:Cytodiagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D041781:Jaundice, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015607:Stents