title: Age- and sex-related differences in the tissue Doppler imaging parameters of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effect of age and gender on tissue Doppler imaging measurements comparing the septal and mitral annulus needs to be investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated in 276 outpatients in a university cardiology practice the relationship of age and gender to left atrial (LA) size, LA volume, mitral pulse-wave Doppler E/A ratio, E/Ea ratios by tissue Doppler image of mitral annular velocity (TDI), and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) by TDI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mitral E/A inflow was statistically decreased with age. E/Ea ratios of the lateral and mean of both lateral and septal annulus showed a statistical increase with age, while the E/Ea ratio of the septal annulus did not correlate with age. When comparing men and women of all ages, the mean LA volume for men was 59.2 cm3 +/- 24.36 cm3 versus 48.54 cm3 +/- 16.14 cm3 (P-value < 0.0001) and the mean LA size was 4.0 + 0.51 cm for men and 3.65 + 0.47 for women (P-value < 0.0001). There was no statistical difference between men and women when looking at mitral E/A inflow ratio, deceleration time, E/Ea ratio of the septal annulus, E/Ea ratio of the lateral annulus, E/Ea ratio of the mean of both septal and lateral annulus, and grades of LVDD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients 70 years of age or older, the mean diastolic grade was mild-to-moderate LVDD when using lateral or mean of septal and lateral annular measurements. When only the septal annular measurements were used to determine diastolic grade, all four age groups showed a mean of mildly to moderately impaired LVDD and showed no correlation with age. There were no differences in tissue Doppler imaging measurements between men and women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA.
authors.forename: Hyeun S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sanjay D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Naik
authors.forename: Wilbert S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Aronow
authors.forename: Chul W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: McClung
authors.forename: Robert N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Belkin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D003971:Diastole; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D013599:Systole; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology