title: Effect of procaterol, a beta(2) selective adrenergic receptor agonist, on airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  beta-agonists are frequently used as bronchodilators for asthma as not only a reliever but also a controller, and their utility has increased with the development of long-acting beta(2) selective drugs. Although anti-inflammatory effects of beta(2) selective-agonists have been reported in vitro, side effects on augmentation of airway hyperresponsiveness by chronic use of beta(2) selective-agonists have been described in several reports. In this study, we investigated the effects of procaterol, a second-generation beta(2)-agonist, on airway inflammation in vivo using an antigen-specific murine model of asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) + alum and challenged with inhaled ovalbumin were orally administered procaterol during the challenge. After inhalation, the mice were tracheostomized and placed in a body box under controlled ventilation to measure airway resistance before and after acetylcholine inhalation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Administration of procaterol at a clinical dose equivalent did not augment airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation of the airway wall, or subsequent airway wall thickening induced by OVA inhalation. BALF cell analysis revealed that the eosinophil number in the BALF was significantly reduced in procaterol-treated mice compared to untreated mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral administration of procaterol at a clinical dose did not augment airway responsiveness, but did reduce eosinophil inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tashimo
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagase
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Hisanao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshihara
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohta
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000188:drug therapy; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D051379:Mice; D017265:Procaterol / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D016207:Cytokines; D017265:Procaterol