title: Induction of apoptosis in HT-29 cells by extracts from isothiocyanates-rich varieties of Brassica oleracea.
abstract: Among the vegetables with anti-carcinogenic properties, members of the genus Brassica are the most effective at reducing the risk of cancer. This property may be explained by their principle bioactive compounds, isothiocyanates (ITCs). The aim of this study was to measure the amounts of ITCs in extracts from vegetables of the Brasssica genus and assay them for potency of induction of apoptosis in a colorectal cancer cell line (HT-29). ITCs were determined by the cyclocondensation assay with 1,2-benzenedithiol and induction of apoptosis by assessment of cell viability, caspase-3 activity and DNA fragmentation. Purple cabbage extract showed the highest ITC concentration per gram, fresh weight, followed by black cabbage and Romanesco cauliflower. At ITC concentrations of 7.08 microg/mL these extracts decreased cell viability and induced caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation at 48h. Brussels sprouts showed the strongest effects on cell viability and caspase-3 activity. Varieties of Brassica Oleracea are rich sources of ITCs that potently inhibit the growth of colon cancer cells by inducting apoptosis. All the extracts showed anticancer activity at ITC concentrations of between 3.54 to 7.08 mug/mL, which are achievable in vivo. Our results showed that ITC concentration and the chemopreventive responses of plant extracts vary among the varieties of Brassica Oleracea studied and among their cultivars.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacologia y Quimica Terapeutica, IDIBAPS, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona, Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mas
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crescenti
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gassó
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Deulofeu
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ballesta
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kensler
authors.forename: Amalia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lafuente
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D017879:Isothiocyanates / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D017879:Isothiocyanates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D053148:Caspase 3