title: Protease inhibition by oleic acid transfer from chronic wound dressings to albumin.
abstract: High elastase and cathepsin G activities have been observed in chronic wounds to inhibit healing through degradation of growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix proteins. Oleic acid is a non-toxic elastase inhibitor. Cotton wound dressing material was characterized as a transfer carrier for affinity uptake of oleic acid by albumin under conditions mimicking chronic wounds. The mechanism of oleic acid uptake from cotton and binding by albumin was examined with both intact dressings and cotton fiber-designed chromatography. Raman spectra of the albumin-oleic acid complexes under liquid equilibrium conditions revealed fully saturated albumin-oleic acid complexes with a 1:1 weight ratio of albumin:oleic acid. Liquid-solid equilibrium conditions revealed oleic acid transfer from cotton to albumin at 27 mole equivalents of oleic acid per mole albumin. Comparing oleic acid formulated wound dressings for dose dependent ability to lower elastase activity, we found cotton gauze>hydrogel>hydrocolloid. In contrast, the cationic serine protease cathepsin G was inhibited by oleic acid within a narrow range of oleic acid-cotton formulations. 2% albumin was sufficient to transfer quantities of oleic acid necessary to achieve a significant elastase-lowering effect. Oleic acid bound to cotton wound dressings may have promise in the selective lowering of cationic serine protease activity useful in topical application for chronic inflammatory pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, Cotton Textile Chemistry Research Unit, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, LA 70124, USA. vedwards@srrc.ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: J Vincent
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Phyllis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Howley
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mashchak
authors.forename: Steven C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Goheen
mesh_terms: D001458:Bandages; D047070:Bandages, Hydrocolloid; D056649:Cathepsin G; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002908:Chronic Disease; D032561:Cotton Fiber; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004339:Drug Compounding; D006801:Humans; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D009779:Occlusive Dressings; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000378:metabolism*; D012995:Solubility; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D014945:Wound Healing; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D019301:Oleic Acid; D002403:Cathepsins; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C534094:CTSG protein, human; D056649:Cathepsin G; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase