Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of 110 hematopoietic disorders with chromosome 5 abnormalities: do de novo and therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome-acute myeloid leukemia actually differ?
A retrospective cytogenetic study of acute myeloid leukemias (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) was conducted by the Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH) to evaluate the structural abnormalities of chromosome 5 associated with other chromosomal abnormalities, in particular of chromosome 7, in these pathologies. In all, 110 cases of AML/MDS were recruited based on the presence of chromosome 5 abnormalities under conventional cytogenetics and supplemented by a systematic fluorescence in situ hybridization study of chromosomes 5 and 7. The abnormalities of the long arm of chromosome 5 (5q) were deletions of various sizes and sometimes cryptic. The 5q abnormalities were associated with translocations in 54% of cases and were simple deletions in 46%. In 68% of cases, 5q deletions were associated with chromosome 7 abnormalities, and 90% of these presented a complex karyotype. Of the 110 patients, 28 had a hematopoietic disorder secondary to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or both. Among 82 patients with de novo AML/MDS, 63 were older than 60 years. Chromosomal abnormalities often associated hypodiploidy and chromosome 5 and 7 abnormalities in complex karyotypes, features resembling those of secondary hemopathies. Systematic investigation of the exposure to mutagens and oncogenes is thus essential to specify the factors potentially involved in MDS/AML with 5q abnormalities.
Lessard
M
M
Laboratory of Hematology, Hautepierre Hospital, Avenue Molière, Strasbourg 67098, France. Michel.lessard@chru-strasbourg.fr
Hélias
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C
Struski
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Perrusson
N
N
Uettwiller
F
F
Mozziconacci
M-J
MJ
Lafage-Pochitaloff
M
M
Dastugue
N
N
Terré
C
C
Brizard
F
F
Cornillet-Lefebvre
P
P
Mugneret
F
F
Barin
C
C
Herry
A
A
Luquet
I
I
Desangles
F
F
Michaux
L
L
Verellen-Dumoulin
C
C
Perrot
C
C
Van den Akker
J
J
Lespinasse
J
J
Eclache
V
V
Berger
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R
D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002895:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5; D002897:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000235:genetics*; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents