title: Whole-body optical imaging in animal models to assess cancer development and progression.
abstract: Different optical-based imaging models were used to investigate tumor progression and metastasis with particular emphasis on metastasis to bone and bone marrow. We describe how optical imaging can be used to follow important processes in tumor development and treatment response, including angiogenesis, apoptosis, and proteolysis. Finally, we discuss the translation of one optical imaging modality, near-IR fluorescence, from animal validation studies to applications in the clinic related to cancer management.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases and Urology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Eric L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Kaijzel
authors.forename: Gabri
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van der Pluijm
authors.forename: Clemens W G M
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Löwik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology