title: The effects on cognitive function and behavioral problems of topiramate compared to carbamazepine as monotherapy for children with benign rolandic epilepsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the cognitive and behavioral effects of topiramate (TPM) versus carbamazepine (CBZ) using efficacious doses of each drug as monotherapy for children with benign rolandic epilepsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multicenter, randomized, open-label, observer-blinded, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted. TPM was introduced at a dose of 12.5 mg/day with the minimum target dose of 50 mg/day in patients <30 kg and 75 mg/day in patients >30 kg over 4 weeks. CBZ was started at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day with the minimum target dose of 20 mg/kg/day over 4 weeks. Additional individual escalation was allowed up to a maximum target dose. The primary study end point was change on a neuropsychological test battery after 28 weeks of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neuropsychological data were available for 88 patients (45 patients for TPM and 43 patients for CBZ). Of the cognitive variables measured, arithmetic showed significant worsening in TPM (p = 0.037). An additional test, for maze, also showed a significantly greater improvement for CBZ (p = 0.026). Of behavioral variables, no significant changes were found but the scores had a negative trend for the TPM. When 30 patients on the minimum target dose for TPM were compared to 40 patients treated with minimum target CBZ, there was no significant worsening of cognitive and behavioral effects in the TPM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pattern of neuropsychometric changes with TPM seemed to be slightly worse overall than CBZ. However, outcome with the minimum target dose did not differ significantly in comparisons between the treatment groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hoon-Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Baik-Lin
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Eun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ku Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon-Sik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wook Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soo Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Young Chae
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ho Cha
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sook Suh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chae Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyunghwa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hye Ha
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ho Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Heung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dong Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Epilepsy Center, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, IksanDepartment of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, DaeguDepartment of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center, FIRST Mitochondrial Research Group, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, GoyangDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epilepsy Clinics, Severance Children's Hospital, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Pochon CHA University College of Medicine, SungnamDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, WonjuDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, SeoulDepartment of Pediatrics, Sowha Children's Hospital, SeoulDepartment of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women's University, SeoulDepartment of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D019305:Epilepsy, Rolandic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010555:Personality Inventory; D000077236:Topiramate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000077236:Topiramate; D005632:Fructose; D002220:Carbamazepine