title: Assessing emotion recognition in 9-15-years olds: preliminary analysis of abilities in reading emotion from faces, voices and eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Little is known about how emotion recognition abilities develop during childhood and adolescence, although adolescence is a time marked by significant changes in socio-emotional behaviour. The first aim of this study was to explore the range of emotion recognition skills that 9-15-year olds would normally display and whether emotion-reading skills are reliably measurable. Secondly, one wanted to determine whether adolescence is a period during which skills in recognizing emotions improve.
  
  
  METHODS
  Novel and adapted measures of emotion processing were used in tasks that required 67 9-15-year olds to read emotion from voices, eyes and faces.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Findings indicate that emotion recognition abilities are reliably measurable skills. A stage of improvement in facial expression recognition and reading emotion from eyes was found to occur at approximately 11 years of age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings show that these skills can be measured and that it is possible to devise assessment tests which are sensitive to developmental improvements in emotion recognition skills in early adolescence, when screening for the effects of child brain injury.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK. j.tonks@exeter.ac.uk
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tonks
authors.forename: W Huw
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Frampton
authors.forename: Phil
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yates
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Slater
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D041923:Adolescent Development / Q000502:physiology*; D000367:Age Factors; D001076:Aptitude / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009633:Nonverbal Communication; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology