title: Ectopic germline cells in embryos of Xenopus laevis.
abstract: Whether all descendants of germline founder cells inheriting the germ plasm can migrate correctly to the genital ridges and differentiate into primordial germ cells (PGCs) at tadpole stage has not been elucidated in Xenopus. We investigated precisely the location of descendant cells, presumptive primordial germ cells (pPGCs) and PGCs, in embryos at stages 23-48 by whole-mount in situ hybridization with the antisense probe for Xpat RNA specific to pPGCs and whole-mount immunostaining with the 2L-13 antibody specific to Xenopus Vasa protein in PGCs. Small numbers of pPGCs and PGCs, which were positively stained with the probe and the antibody, respectively, were observed in ectopic locations in a significant number of embryos at those stages. A few of the ectopic PGCs in tadpoles at stages 44-47 were positive in TdT-mediated dUTP digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. By contrast, pPGCs in the embryos until stage 40, irrespective of their location and PGCs in the genital ridges of the tadpoles at stages 43-48 were negative in TUNEL staining. Therefore, it is evident that a portion of the descendants of germline founder cells cannot migrate correctly to the genital ridges, and that a few ectopic PGCs are eliminated by apoptosis or necrosis at tadpole stages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan. Ikenishi@sci.osaka-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikenishi
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komiya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D005854:Germ Cells; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D015335:Molecular Probes; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D029867:Xenopus Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000196:embryology*
chemical_list: D015335:Molecular Probes; C113822:PGAT protein, Xenopus; D014157:Transcription Factors; D029867:Xenopus Proteins