title: [Prostate cancer screening at Tatebayashi City in Gunma prefecture--results of screening with PSA alone between 2003 and 2005].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Since 2003, a basic health checkup has involved prostate cancer screening with prostate specific antigen (PSA) alone. We investigated the results between 2003 and 2005.
  
  
  METHODS
  Among males aged over 50 years who underwent a basic health checkup, the subjects were those who desired prostate cancer screening. Cancer screening with PSA alone was performed; mass screening or individual screening in hospitals in the city. We employed PSA with respect to age stratification. On the primary screening, written informed consent regarding the analysis of the screening results was obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 2003, there were 15,303 males aged over 50 years in Tatebayashi City. In 2003, 2004, and 2005, 11.8%, 12.2%, and 12.7% of the males underwent PSA screening, respectively. The rate of elevated PSA levels between 2003 and 2005 was 20.6%. Furthermore, 208, 165, and 179 males required secondary screening, and 80.3%, 61.2%, and 55.3% of the males underwent secondary screening, respectively. Of the males who underwent secondary screening, prostate biopsy was performed in 123 (73.2%), 54 (53.5%), and 38 (38.4%). Prostate cancer was detected in 60, 28, and 16 males, respectively. These values corresponded to 3.4%, 1.5%, and 0.8% of the males who underwent primary screening. The incidence of prostate cancer was 1.85% during the 3 years, and 3.2% in males who underwent the initial health checkup. Of 101 males in whom the stage was evaluated, the clinical stage was evaluated as B in 86 (85.1%), C in 9 (8.9%), and D in 6 (5.9%). Of the 101 males, endocrine therapy was performed in 46 (45.5%), surgery in 31 (30.7%), external irradiation in 5 (5.0%), and followup without treatment in 6 (5.9%). In addition, 7 (6.3%) desired treatment in another hospital, and 6 (5.9%) refused treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prostate cancer was detected in 1.85% of males who underwent primary screening between 2003 and 2005. Of 101 males in whom the stage was evaluated, the clinical stage was evaluated as B in 86 (85.1%), and the early treatment of prostate cancer was achieved. This may lead to a future decrease in the mortality rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tatebayasi Kosei Hospital, Gunma.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Etsunaga
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nitta
authors.forename: Yasunobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okugi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katou
authors.forename: Takumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen