title: Repolarization characteristics and incidence of Torsades de Pointes in patients with acquired complete atrioventricular block.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Torsades de pointes (TdP) during bradyarrhythmias have been reported to be associated with gender, degree of QT prolongation and duration of bradyarrhythmia. We sought to investigate the repolarization characteristics on 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and the incidence of TdP in patients with acquired complete atrioventricular block (CAVB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty consecutive patients with acquired CAVB were included in the study. Patients with coronary artery disease, systolic dysfunction and previous cardiac surgery were excluded. Patients were monitored during hospitalization for ventricular arrhythmias (VA). Serum potassium, magnesium, calcium levels and thyroid-stimulating hormone were measured. Heart rate, QRS duration, QT/QTc, JT/JTc and Tpeak-Tend intervals were measured. Pathologic U waves, T-U complex, and QT morphologies were remarked.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients presented with presyncope (n=39, 78%), syncope (n=12, 24%), and palpitations (n=8, 16%). All patients were in sinus rhythm. Duration of CAVB was 8.5 days (median). Patients were divided into two groups based on JT interval. Group 1 (JT=or>500 ms, n=13) tended to have more female patients and more VAs in comparison to Group 2 (JT<500 ms, n=37). Group 1 patients had more pathologic U waves and T-U complexes, longer Tpeak-Tend intervals, and more long QT2 syndrome (LQT2)-like QT morphology in comparison to Group 2 patients. Group 2 patients had more often syncope. One patient in Group 2 developed ventricular fibrillation in the presence of hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Torsades de Pointes during CAVB was rare among our patient population. The predictors of VA during CAVB were presence of prolonged QTc/JTc intervals, pathologic U wave and T-U complex, prolonged Tpeak-Tend interval, and LQT2-like QT morphology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. ysmturan@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Yasemin Turan
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Bozkaya
authors.forename: Zuhal
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Eroğlu
authors.forename: Meral
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kayikçioğlu
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Payzin
authors.forename: Levent H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Can
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kültürsay
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hasdemir
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006327:Heart Block / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016171:Torsades de Pointes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology