title: Evaluation of cerebral perfusion in patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus using 123I-IMP SPECT.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the course of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), central nervous system (CNS) complications occur at a high frequency. An accurate diagnosis of CNS lupus, differentiated from secondary CNS involvement, is difficult. CNS lupus is indicative of advancing primary disease and is treated by steroid pulse therapy or increased dosage of steroids. In contrast, if symptoms are caused by secondary CNS complications, it is possible to observe or treat these complications using symptomatic therapy. We examined whether quantitative cerebral blood flow (CBF) measured using cerebral perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can be used to differentiate CNS lupus from secondary CNS involvement.
  
  
  METHODS
  We divided 18 SLE patients with CNS symptoms into a CNS lupus group and a non-CNS lupus group, and then compared the mean cerebral blood flow (mCBF) of each group of patients. SPECT was performed with N-isopropyl-p-[123I] iodoamphetamine (IMP), with quantitation carried out by table look-up and autoradiographic methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mCBF of both groups was decreased; however, the mCBF of patients with CNS lupus was significantly lower than that of non-CNS lupus patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quantitative CBF may provide a useful tool to distinguish CNS lupus from non-CNS lupus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima-city, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan. tsungoro@orion.ocn.ne.jp
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shishido
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Seino
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020367:Iofetamine; D020945:Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D020367:Iofetamine