title: Effects of propofol and halothane on long-term potentiation in the rat hippocampus after transient cerebral ischaemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Propofol is reported to have protective effects on cerebral ischaemia-induced neuronal death. The aim of this study was to explore whether propofol and halothane can protect hippocampal neuronal function from ischaemic injury during general anaesthesia in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were divided into 2-vessel occlusion (incomplete cerebral ischaemia) and 4-vessel occlusion (complete cerebral ischaemia) groups consisting of three subgroups each (sham-operated, propofol and halothane groups). One hour after starting propofol 1 mg kg(-1) min(-1) with 30% O2 and N2 or halothane 0.8% in 30% O2 and N2 rats with or without bilateral vertebral artery occlusion had bilateral common carotid arteries occluded by vessel clips for 10 min. Anaesthesia was maintained for another 1 h. Seven days after ischaemia-reperfusion, hippocampal long-term potentiation in the perforant path-dentate gyrus synapse was determined as an index of cerebral outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the propofol groups, the formation of long-term potentiation was significantly impaired in the 2-vessel and 4-vessel occlusion groups compared to the respective sham-operated groups (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Impaired formation of long-term potentiation in propofol groups was comparable to that in halothane groups. The formation of long-team potentiation in the propofol and halothane 2-vessel group was not significantly different from that in the awake 2-vessel group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Propofol and halothane administered during ischaemia do not possess protective effects against hippocampal neuronal dysfunction induced by cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion as evaluated by our transient ischaemic rat models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Tonan Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. jn-anesth@shonanboys.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kakehata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Togashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000601:surgery; D018891:Dentate Gyrus / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006221:Halothane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019580:Perforant Pathway / Q000503:physiopathology; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014711:Vertebral Artery / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D006221:Halothane; D015742:Propofol