title: Clinical and laboratory follow-up for treating and monitoring patients with ankylosing spondylitis: development of recommendations for clinical practice based on published evidence and expert opinion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop French recommendations about the clinical and laboratory follow-up of patients with axial ankylosing spondylitis (AS) seen in everyday practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The recommendations were developed based on evidence from the literature and on expert opinion. A Delphi consensus procedure was used by a scientific committee to select five focal points, about which evidence was obtained by searching Medline and the databases maintained by the French Society for Rheumatology, European League against Rheumatism, and American College of Rheumatology. The results of the literature review were used by a panel of experienced rheumatologists to draft and to validate the recommendations, using expert opinion if needed to supplement gaps in published knowledge. For each recommendation, the level of evidence and the level of agreement among the experts were specified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The three focal points selected using the Delphi procedure dealt with choosing the best clinical and laboratory parameters for monitoring patients with AS; whether follow-up benefits from the use of composite indices (e.g., the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI], the BAS Functional Index [BASFI] and the BAS Metrology Index [BASMI]); and the clinical and laboratory parameters that predict functional or structural outcomes in patients with AS. The literature search retrieved 1510 relevant articles based on titles and abstracts, of which 322 were selected for in-depth review. Five recommendations about the clinical and laboratory follow-up of patients with AS were developed then validated by having all panel participants vote during a final meeting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recommendations about the clinical and laboratory follow-up of patients with AS were developed. They can be expected to improve clinical practice uniformity and, in the longer term, to optimize the management of patients with AS.
authors.affiliation: Service de Rhumatologie, CH Le Mans, Le Mans, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dernis
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lavie
authors.forename: Stéphan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pavy
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wendling
authors.forename: René-Marc
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Flipo
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saraux
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cantagrel
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Claudepierrre
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Goupille
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Le Loët
authors.forename: Jean Francis
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Maillefert
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mariette
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schaeverbeke
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tebib
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Combe
mesh_terms: D019963:Clinical Chemistry Tests; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D032921:Consensus; D003266:Continuity of Patient Care; D003697:Delphi Technique; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000592:standards*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*