title: [Factors associated with successful smoking cessation among adolescent smokers undergoing a smoking cessation program involving nicotine replacement therapy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify factors associated with successful smoking cessation among adolescent smokers in a smoking cessation program involving nicotine replacement therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited adolescent smokers who were prepared to quit smoking and participated in the smoking cessation program in Kanagawa prefecture. All participants fulfilled a questionnaire beforehand, covering gender, age at the beginning of the study, age at onset of smoking, the number of quit attempts, the number of cigarettes per day and the smoking status of their families and friends. Seven nicotine patches (nicotine 52.5 mg/day) were given to them free of charge for daily use. Their smoking status and the use of nicotine patches were confirmed by telephone or postcard at the 1 and 6 month follow-ups. The relationships between successful smoking cessation and different factors among eligible participants were analyzed using the Fisher's exact test and the Mann-Whitney U test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The subjects included 39 adolescent smokers (mean 16.4 years). The mean age at onset of smoking and the mean duration of smoking were 13.3 years and 2.3 years, respectively. The average daily number of cigarettes smoked was 12.8. Of 39 eligible participants at the one month follow up, 14 (35.9%) were found to be abstaining from smoking. The subjects treated with nicotine patches were significantly more likely to be abstinent than those without them (P<0.05). However, no significant associations with other factors were found. Of 39 participants at the six months follow up, 10 (25.6%) were still abstinent but there were no significant associations with any of the factors, including use of nicotine patches. Subjects living with smokers were significantly less likely to be successful in their efforts to quit than those living with non-smokers (P< 0.05). There were no significant associations with other factors, including using nicotine patches. No adverse events relating to the use of the nicotine patches were encountered during the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The smoking cessation program involving NRT provided for adolescent smokers appeared effective at the one month follow up. Those adolescents living with smokers had more difficulties in quitting smoking than those with non-smokers at the 6 month follow up. In order to increase the number of adolescent smokers in the smoking cessation study, the need to obtain parental consent might be considered as a barrier to be overcome. Additionally, more effective follow-up procedures should be considered for the purpose of avoiding dropouts during the study.
authors.affiliation: Kamakura Health and Welfare Center.
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanetaka
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakaide
authors.forename: Yoshimi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Jinichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine