title: Epidermal growth factor receptor R497K polymorphism is a favorable prognostic factor for patients with colorectal carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been shown that the R497K polymorphism of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has attenuated functions in ligand binding, tyrosine kinase activation, and growth stimulation. Because the activation of EGFR results in an unfavorable prognosis of patients with colorectal carcinoma, a pilot study was conducted to assess the influence of this polymorphism on colorectal carcinoma patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed the effect of the R497K polymorphism of EGFR on clinicopathologic features in 209 colorectal carcinoma patients, including 100 with stage II/III colorectal carcinoma receiving curative surgery and the other 109 with metastatic diseases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An excellent correlation in codon 497 statuses examined by patients' WBCs and tumor tissues was found but no significant between-group difference in patients with or without colorectal carcinoma (P = 0.97). A marked decrease on EGFR phosphorylation (P < 0.01) and c-Myc activation (P = 0.02) was observed in patients with R497K polymorphism, which is associated with decreased invasion (P = 0.01), lower nodal involvement (P = 0.02), reduced subsequent metastasis (P < 0.01), and longer disease-free (P < 0.01) as well as overall (P < 0.01) survival in stage II/III colorectal carcinoma patients who had received curative surgery. For patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma, this polymorphism was associated with a higher response to 5-fluorouracil/oxaliplatin treatment (P = 0.02) and a longer survival (P < 0.01). By multivariate analysis, this polymorphism was also identified as an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that the R497K polymorphism of the EGFR, by reducing its activation and a consequential down-regulation of its target genes, could be a key determinant for reduced tumor recurrence of stage II/III colorectal carcinoma patients receiving curative surgery and a longer survival of patients with stage II/III as well as metastatic colorectal carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei-Shu
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Po-Min
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tzeon-Jye
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.forename: Jin-Hwang
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jen-Kou
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tzu-Chen
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Huann-Sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yeu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Su
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D066246:ErbB Receptors