title: Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling elevates 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase in non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: Evidence indicates that the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and high prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels contribute to the pathogenesis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition to overproduction by COX-2, PGE2 concentrations also depend upon the levels of the PGE2 catabolic enzyme 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH). We find a dramatic down-regulation of PGDH protein in NSCLC cell lines and in resected human tumors when compared with matched normal lung. Affymetrix array analysis of 10 normal lung tissue samples and 49 resected lung tumors revealed a much lower expression of PGDH transcripts in all NSCLC histologic groups. In addition, treatment with the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR TKI) erlotinib increased the expression of 15-PGDH in a subset of NSCLC cell lines. This effect may be due in part to an inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway as treatment with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor U0126 mimics the erlotinib results. We show by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR that the transcript levels of ZEB1 and Slug transcriptional repressors are dramatically reduced in a responsive cell line upon EGFR and MEK/ERK inhibition. In addition, the Slug protein, but not ZEB1, binds to the PGDH promoter and represses transcription. As these repressors function by recruiting histone deacetylases to promoters, it is likely that PGDH is repressed by an epigenetic mechanism involving histone deacetylation, resulting in increased PGE2 activity in tumors. This effect is reversible in a subset of NSCLC upon treatment with an EGFR TKI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Amann
authors.forename: Takefumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Rut
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Porta
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guix
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: Kyung-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Billheimer
authors.forename: Carlos L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Arteaga
authors.forename: Hsin-Hsiung
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: DuBois
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006911:Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D000071799:Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; C000604407:SNAI1 protein, human; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; C486307:ZEB1 protein, human; D000071799:Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1; D006911:Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases; C035859:15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases