title: Gemcitabine, cisplatin, and radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma: results of the North Central Cancer Treatment Group Phase II Study N9942.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A phase II study was conducted to determine the efficacy and toxicity of radiotherapy with concomitant gemcitabine and cisplatin for patients with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight patients with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma received gemcitabine (30 mg/m2) and cisplatin (10 mg/m2) twice weekly during the first 3 weeks of radiotherapy. The radiation dose to the primary tumor and regional nodes was 45 Gy in 25 fractions, and the gross tumor volume received an additional 5.4 Gy in three fractions. Four weeks after radiotherapy, patients received gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m2) once weekly every 3 of 4 weeks for a 12-week period. The primary end point was survival at 12 months. Secondary end points were time to progression, toxicity, and quality of life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survival at 1 year was 40% for 47 eligible patients. The median survival was 10.2 months. Confirmed responses were observed for 8.5% (two partial, two complete), and median time to progression was 7.3 months. Grade 4 or higher toxicity was observed for 31% and consisted primarily of hematologic and GI toxicity. There was a trend toward improved overall quality of life, measured by the Symptom Distress Scale (P = .06), with significant improvements in domains of insomnia, pain, and outlook.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of radiotherapy, gemcitabine, and cisplatin was well tolerated. Survival results were similar to those achieved with other treatment regimens for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer but did not meet our predefined criteria for additional evaluation of this regimen.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. haddock.michael@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Haddock
authors.forename: Revathi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Swaminathan
authors.forename: Nathan R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Hauge
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martenson
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Camoriano
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Stella
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Tenglin
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: Dennis F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Alberts
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D003841:Deoxycytidine; D002945:Cisplatin; D000093542:Gemcitabine