title: Effects of lifestyle on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentration.
abstract: This study aimed to clarify the variation of urinary excretion of 1-hydroxypyrene, which is a major metabolite of pyrene, in relation to lifestyle, including factors such as diet and smoking. The study subjects were 251 workers (male: 196, female: 55, mean age: 44.3) who were not occupationally exposed to PAHs. Urine specimens were collected from 8:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. and their 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations were determined by HPLC. A questionnaire was distributed in order to learn gross aspects of the subjects' lifestyles, i.e., smoking, alcohol consumption, coffee/black tea intake, and dietary habits. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that cigarette consumption most strongly affected the 1-hydroxypyrene level in urine, followed by dietary balance. The urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations of smokers were about 2 times higher than those of non-smokers. Subjects who ate more meat and/or fish excreted 1.5-2 times more 1-hydroxypyrene in urine than those who ate more vegetables.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan. kawamott@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamoto
authors.forename: Mihi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yong-Dae
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Heon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Tsunehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: Toyohi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Isse
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuno
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.forename: Iwao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008019:Life Style; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000032:analysis*; D012907:Smoking; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016482:Urinalysis
chemical_list: D011721:Pyrenes; C033146:1-hydroxypyrene