title: A new lupene triterpenetriol and anticholinesterase activity of Salvia sclareoides.
abstract: A new lupene triterpenetriol was isolated from the acetone extract of the aerial parts of Salvia sclareoides and characterised as (1beta,3beta)-lup-20(29)-ene-1,3,30-triol (1). In addition, nepetidin (2), nepeticin (3), lupendiol (4), (1beta,11alpha)-dihydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-3-one (5), ursolic acid (6), sumaresinolic acid (7) and hederagenin (8), were identified in this Salvia sp. To the best of our knowledge, the compounds 2 and 7 are new constituents in Salvia spp. The acetone, ethanol, butanol and water extracts of the plant were screened for the in vitro inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrilcholinesterase (BChE), enzymes which play a role in the Alzheimer disease. All extracts inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity at 10 microg/ml, a remarkable activity since the standard drug rivastigmine does not inhibit acetylcholinesterase at the same concentration. Regarding the butyrilcholinesterase, the acetone extract at 1000 microg/ml was able to inhibit completely the enzyme activity and the butanol and ethanol extracts, at this concentration, produced a potent inhibition of BchE.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal. aprauter@fc.ul.pt
authors.forename: Amélia P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Rauter
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Branco
authors.forename: Rui G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Justino
authors.forename: Filipa V M
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: João P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Noronha
authors.forename: Eurico J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Cabrita
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brouard
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bermejo
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008517:Phytotherapy; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D027544:Salvia; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase