title: Ileovesicostomy for adults with neurogenic bladders: complications and potential risk factors for adverse outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Risk factors for complications following ileovesicostomy have not been well defined. This study's purpose was to examine outcomes following ileovesicostomy in adults and identify possible risk factors that may contribute to post-operative complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective database review identified ileovesicostomy procedures from August 1999 to September 2003. Demographic, pre-operative, and post-operative data were extracted. Statistical analysis determined whether risk factors influenced outcomes of urethral continence, re-operation, and post-operative complications. Factors included age, tobacco use, diabetes, neurogenic bladder etiology, body mass index, pre-operative indwelling catheterization, or simultaneous procedures including pubovaginal sling/urethral closure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  50 adults status-post ileovesicostomy were identified. At last follow-up, 36 patients (72%) were continent per urethra. The incidence of complications decreased significantly from 3.38 per patient to 1.16 post-operatively (P < 0.0001). Twenty-seven averaged 1.52 inflammatory or infectious post-operative complications per patient, 19 averaged 1.47 stomal complications, and 11 averaged 2.09 ileovesicostomy mechanical obstructions. Overall, 27 required 2.85 re-operations or additional procedures following ileovesicostomy. Sub-group analysis identified BMI (P = 0.0569) as a possible risk factor. Differences in outcomes based on age, tobacco use, diabetes, neurogenic bladder etiology, pre-operative indwelling catheterization, or urethral closure were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ileovesicostomy is a valuable management option for adults with neurogenic bladder unable to perform intermittent catheterization. The incidence of urinary tract comorbid events significantly decreased following ileovesicostomy though the onset of other complications should be considered. The morbidity associated with ileovesicostomy requires careful patient selection, close long-term follow-up, and potential subsequent interventions to address post-operative complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Hung-Jui
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stoffel
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Daignault
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: Jerilyn M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Latini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003559:Cystostomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007081:Ileostomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*