title: Clinical evaluation and hepatic laboratory assessment in individuals with congestive heart failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To verify the clinical alterations and, in particular, hepatic laboratory alterations in patients in each of the heart failure (HF) functional classes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical and laboratory data--alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), bilirubin and coagulogram--of 50 patients admitted in 2002 to a tertiary hospital with the diagnosis of heart failure were researched by means of a cross sectional study. The patients were separated in accordance with their HF class and their data were compared statistically. Patients with hepatopathy of any etiology were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of the mean transaminase values revealed a significant increase only for the Class IV patients. On the other hand, alkaline phosphatase and GGT presented a progressive increase in accordance with the HF class.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HF is characterized by a progressive cholestatic profile of laboratory alterations, while transaminase values are only elevated in advanced HF. It is of utmost importance to understand these alterations in order to avoid unnecessary hepatic investigations in individuals with heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil. luiz_vasc@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Luiz Antônio Brito Arruda
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.forename: Eros Antônio
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: Luiz Felipe
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Bachur
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D001663:Bilirubin