title: Go for the jugular: a 10-year experience with end-to-side anastomosis to the internal jugular vein in 320 head and neck free flaps.
abstract: Preferential use of end-to-side anastomosis to the internal jugular vein in head and neck reconstruction offers distinct advantages and has consistently yielded excellent outcomes. Presented is a series of 320 consecutive cases by a single surgeon at 1 institution over 10 years. The most common flaps employed were the rectus (33%), forearm (28%), and fibula (21%) flaps. The most common defects were the mandible +/- floor of mouth (27%), pharyngoesophagus (25%), and tongue or cheek (17% each). Minor wound-healing problems, infection, and hematoma were noted in 5% or less. Partial flap loss was seen in 2%. Total flap loss and arterial or venous thrombosis occurred in less than 1% of patients. The size, constant anatomy, patency, and possibility for multiple anastomoses make use of the internal jugular vein very advantageous. Kinking is not observed when the neck is rotated, and high patency rates can be expected.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Eric G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Halvorson
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Cordeiro
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D006406:Hematoma / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000601:surgery*; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014945:Wound Healing