title: Concentrations and specific loads of glyphosate, diuron, atrazine, nonylphenol and metabolites thereof in French urban sewage sludge.
abstract: Indirect soil pollution by heavy metals and organics may occur when sewage sludge is used as fertilizer. It is essential to define the nature and amounts of pollutants contained in sewage sludge in order to assess environmental risk. Here, we present results from a one-year monitoring of herbicides (glyphosate, diuron and atrazine) and their major degradates in sewage sludge sampled from three wastewater treatment plants and one composting unit in the vicinity of Versailles, France. The concentrations of these compounds were determined, as well as these of the surfactant nonylphenol. We demonstrated the presence of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid at the mg kg(-1) (dry matter) level in all samples. Diuron was detected at the microg kg(-1) (d.m.) level, whereas its degradate and triazine compounds were below the limits of quantification. Nonylphenol amounts were higher than the future European limit value of 50 mg kg(-1) (d.m.).
authors.affiliation: UR258 Phytopharmacie et Médiateurs Chimiques, INRA, Route de Saint-Cyr, F-78026 Versailles Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghanem
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bados
authors.forename: Arantza Rua
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Estaun
authors.forename: Luis Felippe
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: de Alencastro
authors.forename: Salima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taibi
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Einhorn
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mougin
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000592:standards; D001280:Atrazine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D004237:Diuron / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005602:France; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D014507:Urbanization; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D001280:Atrazine; D004237:Diuron; D005998:Glycine; D010636:Phenols; D012722:Sewage; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D000097797:Glyphosate; C025256:nonylphenol