title: Biphasic energy selection for transthoracic cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. The BEST AF Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy and safety of an escalating energy protocol with a non-escalating energy protocol using an impedance compensated biphasic defibrillator for direct current cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  This prospective multicentre randomised trial enrolled 380 patients (248 male, mean (SD) age 67 (10) years) with AF. Patients were randomised to either an escalating energy protocol (protocol A: 100 J, 150 J, 200 J, 200 J), or a non-escalating energy protocol (protocol B: 200 J, 200 J, 200 J). Cardioversion was performed using an impedance compensated biphasic waveform. First-shock success was significantly higher for those randomised to 200 J than 100 J (71% vs 48%; p<0.01) and for patients with a body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m(2) (75% vs 44%; p = 0.01). In patients with a normal BMI there was no significant difference in first-shock success. There was also no significant difference between subsequent shocks or overall success. The use of a non-escalating protocol (protocol B) resulted in fewer shocks but with a higher cumulative energy. There was no difference in duration of procedure, amount of sedation administered or post-shock erythema between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  First-shock success was significantly higher, particularly in patients with a BMI >25 kg/m(2), when a non-escalating initial 200 J energy was selected. The overall success, duration of procedure and amount of sedation administered, however, did not differ significantly between the two protocols.
authors.affiliation: Regional Medical Cardiology Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Glover
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: McCann
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Manoharan
authors.forename: G W N
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Dalzell
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McAllister
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: McClements
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: McEneaney
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Trouton
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.forename: A A J
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Adgey
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000628:therapy*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods; D047548:Defibrillators; D004554:Electric Countershock / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome