title: Naturally occurring compounds affect glutamatergic neurotransmission in rat brain.
abstract: Natural products, including those derived from plants, have largely contributed to the development of therapeutic drugs. Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and it is also considered a nociceptive neurotransmitter, by acting on peripheral nervous system. For this reason, in this study we investigated the effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts from Drymis winteri (polygodial and drimanial), Phyllanthus (rutin and quercetine), Jathopha elliptica (jatrophone), Hedyosmum brasiliense (13HDS), Ocotea suaveolens (Tormentic acid), Protium kleinii (alphabeta-amyrin), Citrus paradise (naringin), soybean (genistein) and Crataeva nurvala (lupeol), described as having antinociceptive effects, on glutamatergic transmission parameters, such as [(3)H]glutamate binding, [(3)H]glutamate uptake by synaptic vesicles and astrocyte cultures, and synaptosomal [(3)H]glutamate release. All the glutamatergic parameters were affected by one or more of these compounds. Specifically, drimanial and polygodial presented more broad and profound effects, requiring more investigation on their mechanisms. The putative central side effects of these compounds, via the glutamatergic system, are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucia Helena
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Felix Antunes
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Liane Nanci
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Rotta
authors.forename: Deusa Aparecida
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Vendite
authors.forename: Marcos Emilio dos Santos
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Frizzo
authors.forename: Rosendo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Yunes
authors.forename: João Batista
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Calixto
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wofchuk
authors.forename: Diogo O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Souza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D044950:Flavanones / Q000494:pharmacology; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects*; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004224:Diterpenes; D044950:Flavanones; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D014315:Triterpenes; C469416:drimanial; C006386:jatrophone; D018698:Glutamic Acid; C007695:euscaphic acid; C034380:polygodial; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D019833:Genistein; C036380:beta-amyrin; C005274:naringin