title: Complementary and alternative medicine modality use and beliefs among African American prostate cancer survivors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the cultural beliefs and attitudes of African American prostate cancer survivors regarding the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) modalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mixed methods with primary emphasis on a phenomenology approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  In-person interviews in participants' homes and rural community facilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  14 African American men diagnosed with and treated for prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Personal interviews using a semistructured interview guide.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prostate cancer, CAM, African American men's health, culture, herbs, prayer, spirituality, and trust.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All participants used prayer often; two men used meditation and herbal preparations. All men reported holding certain beliefs about different categories of CAM. Several men were skeptical of CAM modalities other than prayer. Four themes were revealed: importance of spiritual needs as a CAM modality to health, the value of education in relation to CAM, importance of trust in selected healthcare providers, and how men decide on what to believe about CAM modalities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prayer was a highly valued CAM modality among African American prostate cancer survivors as a way to cope with their disease. Medical treatment and trust in healthcare providers also were found to be important.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most participants were skeptical of CAM modalities other than prayer. Participants expressed a strong belief in spirituality and religiosity in relationship to health and their prostate cancer. Participants' trust in their healthcare providers was important. Healthcare providers must understand how African Americans decide what to believe about CAM modalities to improve their health. This research provided valuable information for future development of culturally sensitive communication and infrastructural improvements in the healthcare system.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. raj9c@virginia.edu
authors.forename: Randy A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Ann Gill
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bourguignon
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steeves
authors.forename: Gertrude
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: Marguerite
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lippert
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Theodorescu
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mathews
authors.forename: Kerry Laing
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Kilbridge
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003657:Decision Making; D004522:Educational Status; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D029181:Spirituality; D017741:Survivors