title: Production of L-lactic acid and oligomeric compounds from apple pomace by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation: a response surface methodology assessment.
abstract: The potential of apple pomace for lactic acid production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) was evaluated. The effects of the cellulase to solid ratio (CSR), the liquor to solid ratio (LSR), and the beta-glucosidase to cellulase ratio (BCR) on the kinetics of lactic acid generation were assessed, and a set of mathematical models was developed to reproduce and predict the lactic acid concentration of fermentation broths. Operating at low cellulase and cellobiase charges (1 FPU/g and 0.25 IU/FPU, respectively) and short reaction times (10 h), SSF media containing 27.8 g of lactic acid/L were obtained with a volumetric productivity of 2.78 g/Lh. Material balances showed that the SSF processing of 100 kg of dry apple pomace results in the production of 36.6 kg of lactic acid, 18.3 kg of oligomeric carbohydrates (which can be used as ingredients for functional foods), 8.4 kg of microbial biomass, and 8 kg uronic acids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gullón
authors.forename: Gil
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garrote
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Parajó
mesh_terms: D002480:Cellulase / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D005638:Fruit / Q000201:enzymology*; D007700:Kinetics; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D027845:Malus / Q000201:enzymology*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012996:Solutions; D001617:beta-Glucosidase / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D012996:Solutions; D019344:Lactic Acid; D001617:beta-Glucosidase; D002480:Cellulase