title: The impact of posttraumatic stress disorder on dysfunctional implicit and explicit emotions among women with borderline personality disorder.
abstract: A comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) aggravates symptoms, course of illness and social functioning of persons with borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, it is largely unclear how this effect is mediated. In 60 women with BPD of whom 23 had a comorbid current PTSD we investigated whether dysfunctional explicit and implicit emotions were associated with a comorbid PTSD. Shame and guilt proneness, anxiety, anger-hostility, and general psychopathology were assessed by self-report measures. Implicit anxiety-related self-concept was measured using the Implicit Association Test. Self-reported guilt proneness and general psychopathology, but not shame proneness or trait anxiety, were significantly higher in women with BPD and PTSD than in women with BPD alone. A comorbid PTSD was associated with a more anxiety-prone (relative to shame-prone) implicit self-concept as assessed by the Implicit Association Test. Self-reported guilt proneness and implicit anxiety may mediate the negative impact of comorbid PTSD on women with BPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. nicolas.ruesch@uniklinik-freiburg.de
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rüsch
authors.forename: Patrick W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Corrigan
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bohus
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kühler
authors.forename: Gitta A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lieb
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D000786:Anger; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006167:Guilt; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011788:Quality of Life; D012649:Self Concept; D012737:Sex Factors; D012752:Shame; D012917:Social Adjustment; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D014936:Word Association Tests