Divine proportions and facial esthetics after manipulation of frontal photographs.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the relationship between divine proportion and facial esthetics in frontal photographs as well as whether any of the 4 ratios for manipulation provide more favorable facial esthetics.


METHODS
The sample comprised 20 frontal photographs of Caucasian individuals (11 males and 9 females). The photographs were digitized and stored on a compact disk. A photometric analysis was created with 7 facial segments that were measured on Image Tool software and 4 ratios between 2 facial segments calculated using Microsoft Excel. This manipulation led to 5 different photographs of the same individual: one photograph with no manipulation and the others with 1 of the ratios manipulated in the Deformer 2.0 to very close or equal to 1.618. Thereafter, the 5 photographs of all individuals were evaluated by 12 examiners. The examiners selected those photographs that were esthetically more pleasant.


CONCLUSIONS
After evaluation, a chi-square test revealed a relationship between divine proportion and facial esthetics. Among the ratios selected, R1 and R2 provided more favorable facial esthetics.
Medici Filho
Edmundo
E
Department of Oral Diagnosis and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Martins
Márcia Valéria
MV
dos Santos da Silva
Marcos André
MA
Castilho
Julio Cezar de Melo
JC
de Moraes
Luiz Cesar
LC
Gil
Cássia Teresinha Lopes de Alcântara
CT
D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004954:Esthetics; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010781:Photography; D014716:Vertical Dimension