title: Religious service attendance and allostatic load among high-functioning elderly.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between frequency of religious service attendance and an index of cumulative physiological dysregulation as measured by allostatic load (AL) (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist/hip ratio, high-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin, cortisol, serum dihydroepiandrosterone sulfate, norepinephrine, and epinephrine). There is growing empirical evidence of a positive relationship between religious engagement and better clinical health outcomes. However, studies exploring the subclinical levels of physiological dysregulation are rare; hence, the physiological processes underpinning the religion-health relationship are not well understood.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1988, 853 participants from the MacArthur Successful Aging Study provided information on the frequency of religious service attendance as well as blood and urine samples needed to obtain measures for a ten-item cumulative AL index. Gender-stratified multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate the direction and magnitude of the association between weekly religious service attendance and AL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At least weekly religious service attendance was associated with lower AL levels among women (b = -0.47; p < .01), but not among men (b = 0.02; p = .88) in models that statistically controlled for age, income, education, marital status, and level of physical functioning. This relationship could not be attributed to the association between religious attendance and any one or two of the components of the AL index. It also was not explained by either higher physical functioning or social integration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cumulative physiological dysregulation may be one mechanism through which religious engagement may influence a diverse range of clinically relevant health outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. maselko@temple.edu
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maselko
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kubzansky
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kawachi
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seeman
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berkman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000523:psychology; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D029181:Spirituality; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D006854:Hydrocortisone