title: 1H NMR at 800 MHz facilitates detailed phospholipid follow-up during atherogenic modifications in low density lipoproteins.
abstract: The structure of low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles and, particularly, the enzymatic and oxidative modifications of their surface is crucial in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Due to the structural complexity of LDL, there is a lack of suitable methods for dynamic follow-up studies of the molecular mechanisms in native and modified particles in physiological conditions. Here, we report that phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC), and sphingomyelin (SM) can all be identified and quantified in LDL particles by (1)H NMR spectroscopy at 800 MHz. The signal assignment for the lyso-PC is novel and we illustrate the applicability of the methodology in the case of lipid peroxidation that is generally considered as one of the key proatherogenic modifications of LDL. It was found, somewhat surprisingly, that the LDL-associated phospholipase A(2) is activated in the very beginning of the formation of PC-hydroperoxides. The (patho)physiological rationale of the resulting lyso-PC generation is also briefly discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Biosciences, University of Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Pasi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soininen
authors.forename: Katariina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oörni
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maaheimo
authors.forename: Reino
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Laatikainen
authors.forename: Petri T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Kovanen
authors.forename: Kimmo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaski
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ala-Korpela
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D011522:Protons
chemical_list: D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D010743:Phospholipids; D011522:Protons