title: Association of vitamin D receptor polymorphism with calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation in Korean postmenopausal women with low calcium intake.
abstract: This study investigated the associations among vitamin D receptor (VDR) BsmI polymorphism, calcium intake and bone strength as indicated by the broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) measured by calcaneal quantitative ultrasound at the left calcaneus in community-dwelling subjects with a low calcium intake. The VDR BsmI polymorphism was analysed in 335 women older than 65 years residing in rural Asan, Korea. Calcium intake was assessed with a 2 d, 24 h recall method. The distribution of genotypes was similar to that reported in other Asian populations (92 % bb, 7 % Bb and 1 % BB). The calcaneal BUA was significantly higher (P = 0.013) in the bb genotype than in the Bb or BB genotype (Bb and BB genotypes were combined due to the small number of BB subjects) in a multiple regression model after adjusting for age, body weight, height, physical activity and nutritional factors. BUA was not significantly affected by the calcium intake regardless of the genotype, cross-sectionally. The energy-adjusted average calcium intake of this population was 439.6 mg/d (432.5 mg/d for bb and 522.3 mg/d for Bb or BB), and 96 % of the subjects had dietary intakes that were less than the recommended Dietary Reference Intake for Koreans (which for calcium is 800 mg/d for women older than 65 years). In summary, the BUA in older Korean women with a low calcium intake was significantly influenced by the VDR genotype but not by the calcium intake, cross-sectionally.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 336-745, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Seon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nam Soo
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byung-Kook
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002111:Calcaneus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol