title: Twenty-four-hour efficacy of the brimonidine/timolol fixed combination versus therapy with the unfixed components.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the 24-h intraocular pressure (IOP) control of brimonidine/timolol fixed combination (BTFC) versusthe unfixed combination of its individual components, each dosed twice daily, in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  An observer-masked, randomized, crossover, active-controlled, two-centre comparison. Following a 6-week medicine-free period, patients were randomized to BTFC or to the unfixed combination of brimonidine and timolol for 3 months. Patients then were crossed over to the opposite treatment for another 3 months. At the end of the medicine-free period, and each treatment period, patients underwent 24-h IOP measurements at 0600, 1000, 1400, 1800, 2200, and 0200 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-eight patients completed this study. Both BTFC and the unfixed components showed a significant IOP reduction from untreated baseline (P<0.0001), and were statistically equal when compared directly, for each individual time point and for the 24-h IOP curve (P>0.05). The mean 24-h IOP was 24.6+/-1.9 for baseline, 19.2+/-1.9 for BTFC, and 19.2+/-1.6 mmHg for the unfixed components (P=1.0). Four patients were discontinued due to side effects. The most common ocular adverse event was ocular hyperaemia (n=3 with BTFC and n=5 with the unfixed components, P=0.7) and systemic adverse events were rare.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that both BTFC and the unfixed components of brimonidine and timolol provide a significant 24-h IOP reduction from untreated baseline, and statistically equal control when compared directly, at each time point and for the 24-h pressure curve.
authors.affiliation: Glaucoma Unit, 1st University Department of Ophthalmology, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: A G P
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Konstas
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Katsimpris
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaltsos
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Georgiadou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kordelou
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000068438:Brimonidine Tartrate; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors; D013999:Timolol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011810:Quinoxalines; D000068438:Brimonidine Tartrate; D013999:Timolol