title: [When, how, and what to drink: alcoholism among Indian peoples in the Upper Rio Negro, Brazil].
abstract: This paper analyzes the development of alcoholism among Indian peoples in the Upper Rio Negro, Amazonas State, Brazil. Based on a comprehensive approach to what, how, and when individuals drink, this ethnography emphasizes the socio-cultural and historical context in which alcohol is consumed and interpretation of the issue by Indian people themselves. The article discusses historical transformations in the forms of drinking and their correlations with the status quo and changes in social standards of living. The article concludes that current forms of alcohol consumption are linked to the behaviors and values emerging on the frontier of interethnic relations and the resignification of the traditional culture, currently experiencing difficulties in offering parameters for action and symbolization of social life by the younger generations as they deal with challenges from the modern world.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisa Leônidas & Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manaus, Brasil. maximiliano@amazonia.fiocruz.br
authors.forename: Maximiliano Loiola Ponte
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Luiza
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garnelo
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000208:ethnology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002562:Ceremonial Behavior; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003469:Culture; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007199:Indians, South American / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D012919:Social Behavior