title: Smoking cessation is associated with reduced long-term mortality and the need for repeat interventions after coronary artery bypass grafting.
abstract: METHODS
  A prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We estimated the impact of smoking cessation on long-term mortality and the need for a revascularization procedure in 1027 patients undergoing a first-ever coronary artery bypass-grafting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Of the 640 active smokers, 44.7% continued smoking after CABG ('current smokers'), and 55.3% quit. During a 5310 patient-years follow-up, with never smokers as the reference group, current smokers (but not quitters) experienced a significant increase in total mortality (hazard ratio 2.6, 95% confidence interval 1.0-6.6) mainly owing to increased cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio 4.8, 95% confidence interval 1.1-21.4), as well as increased need for a repeat revascularization procedure (hazard ratio 1.7, 95% confidence interval 1.0-2.9).
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papathanasiou
authors.forename: Haralampos
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Milionis
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Toumpoulis
authors.forename: Kallirroi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kalantzi
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Katsouras
authors.forename: Kostas
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pappas
authors.forename: Lampros
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Michalis
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goudevenos
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000637:transplantation; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012086:Reoperation; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000637:transplantation; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome