title: [Effect of Ginkgo biloba extract preconditioning on discordant cardiac xenografts].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of ginkgo biloba extract (ginaton) preconditioning on discordant cardiac xenografts from guinea pig to rat, and explore its mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cervical cardiac transplantation model was established in the rats,which were divided into 4 groups Group 1 (cobra venom factor ( CVF) pretreatment, n = 10]; Group 2 (CVF + ginaton, n = 5) ; Group 3 Ccyclosporine (CsA); Group 4 (CVF + CsA + ginaton, n = 8]. The survival time and histopathology after xenograft were observed and expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) CD68 and CD57 were detected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pathologic manifestion of grafts showed changes of acute vascular rejection (AVR) in all groups. The mean survival time after car diac xenograft was 41 hrs in Group 1, 68 hrs in Group 2, 55 hrs in Group 3 and 74 hrs in Group 4. Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 ) decreased after ginaton preconditioning (P < 0. 05). CD68 and CD57 expressions were down-regulated, HO-1 expression was up-regulated, as well as the apoptotic index (Al) reduced significantly after ginaton with cyclosporine A preconditioning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ginaton preconditioning can prolong the survival time after discordant xenograft, and significantly alleviate pathological lesion from acute xenograft vascular rejection combined with cyclosporine A.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou. drhxs@163.com
authors.forename: Xue-shan
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Dao-zhong
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000378:metabolism; D018959:CD57 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020441:Ginkgo biloba; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D018959:CD57 Antigens; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; C539355:CD68 protein, rat; D000097382:CD68 Molecule; C526713:ginaton