title: Multi-drug overdose risperidone, ziprasidone, valproate, trihexyphenidyl, and clonazepam.
abstract: Risperidone and ziprasidone are commonly used as first line drugs for the treatment of psychotic disorders and overdose with these agents is increasingly being reported. Relatively few of these reports have involved co-ingestion of multiple psychotropic agents. We report a case of overdose with risperidone, ziprasidone, valproate, trihexyphenidyl and clonazepam in a 25 years female, who recovered uneventfully with supportive management. Notwithstanding the benign outcome in this instance, age, co-ingested drugs, active metabolites and medical co-morbidity are critical issues in overdose with atypical antipsychotics. As prescription of these drugs continues to increase in developing countries, systematic studies evaluating their clinical toxicity and management are necessary. The issues associated with overdose of multiple psychotropic agents and appropriate management policies are highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Rajkumar
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jebaraj
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tharyan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000145:classification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002998:Clonazepam / Q000009:adverse effects*; D062787:Drug Overdose; D011307:Drug Prescriptions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010879:Piperazines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019338:Polypharmacy; D018967:Risperidone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012563:Schizophrenia, Paranoid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014282:Trihexyphenidyl / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010879:Piperazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D002998:Clonazepam; D014635:Valproic Acid; D014282:Trihexyphenidyl; C092292:ziprasidone; D018967:Risperidone