title: Alignment of pain reassessment practices and National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve nursing pain reassessment practices using a research utilization model and advanced practice nurses (APNs).
  
  
  METHODS
  A pre- and postintervention one-group design.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cancer hospital located in the western United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  42 oncology RNs from the inpatient staff of medical or surgical oncology units working at least 24 hours per week.
  
  
  METHODS
  National Comprehensive Cancer Network clinical practice guidelines were adopted. Interventions included one-on-one feedback regarding reassessment practices and nursing pain rounds. Instruments used were Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (NKASRP), Pain Reassessment Data Tool, and Pain Competency Evaluation (PCE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Independent variables were pain rounds and one-on-one feedback. Dependent variables were PCE scores, percentage of pain reassessment documentation, and NKASRP test scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Changing staff pain practices requires more than education. Barriers may be overcome through careful planning, using a systematic change process such as a research utilization approach. NKASRP and PCE scores and a percentage of reassessment documentation reached statistically significant increases postintervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adapting research recommendations allowed staff to create unit-specific solutions, evaluate practice changes, establish research partnerships, and use research in bedside care. Staff increased their proficiency in pain reassessment practices after the intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Research utilization models bring about desired practice changes under APN leadership. Aligning pain reassessment practices with clinical pain guideline recommendations promotes improved pain management through better reassessment documentation.
authors.affiliation: City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA. cidell@coh.org
authors.forename: Cynthia Smith
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Idell
authors.forename: Marcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kirk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002140:California; D015400:Clinical Nursing Research; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016294:Models, Nursing; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D009859:Oncology Nursing / Q000379:methods; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000451:nursing; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing / Q000592:standards*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic