title: Five cases of aconite poisoning: toxicokinetics of aconitines.
abstract: Aconite poisoning was examined in five patients (four males and one female) aged 49 to 78 years old. The electrocardiogram findings were as follows: ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation in case 1, premature ventricular contraction and accelerated idioventricular rhythm in case 2, AIVR in case 3, and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia in cases 4 and 5. The patient in case 1 was given percutaneous cardiopulmonary support because of unstable hemodynamics, whereas the other patients were treated with fluid replacement and antiarrhythmic agents. The main aconitine alkaloid in each patient had a half-life that ranged from 5.8 to 15.4 h over the five cases, and other detected alkaloids had half-lives similar to the half-life of the main alkaloid in each case. The half-life of the main alkaloid in case 1 was about twice as long as the half-lives in the other cases, and high values for the area under the blood concentration-time curve and the mean residence time were only observed in case 1. These results suggest that alkaloid toxicokinetics parameters may reflect the severity of toxic symptoms in aconite poisoning.
authors.affiliation: Poisoning and Drug Laboratory Division, Critical Care and Emergency Center, Iwate Medical University Hospital, 3-16-1 Honchoudori, Morioka, Iwate 020-0015, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Katsutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Terui
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kakizaki
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oikawa
authors.forename: Hidehiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Katsuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Shigeatsu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Endo
mesh_terms: D016170:Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm / Q000139:chemically induced; D000157:Aconitine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000506:poisoning / Q000652:urine; D031841:Aconitum; D000368:Aged; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001711:Biotransformation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000506:poisoning; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000139:chemically induced; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014116:Toxicology / Q000379:methods; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000139:chemically induced; D018879:Ventricular Premature Complexes / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C019470:mesaconitine; C069418:jesaconitine; D000157:Aconitine