title: Type 2 diabetes: assessment of endothelial lesion and fibrinolytic system markers.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate whether endothelial cells are damaged and to evaluate fibrinolytic system function in patients with type 2 diabetes. For this proposal, plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (an endothelial marker of injury), homocysteine (an inductor of endothelial injury), D-dimer (a marker of coagulation cascade activation) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (a fibrinolysis marker) were measured in individuals with both type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, with type 2 diabetes, with high blood pressure and in healthy control individuals. No significant differences among groups were observed for von Willebrand factor and homocysteine plasma levels. The type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure group presented a significant difference to the other groups for D-dimer and also presented high values for plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. The high blood pressure group and type 2 diabetes group presented separately higher values of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 compared with the control group. High levels of D-dimer and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure with normoalbuminuria therefore indicate a state of hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis, despite no evident microvascular injury supported by normal levels of von Willebrand factor and homocysteine.
authors.affiliation: Campus UFMG, Faculdade de Farmácia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anna Letícia
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Marinez de Oliveira
authors.initials: Mde O
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.forename: Luci Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Dusse
authors.forename: Ana Paula Salles Moura
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Marcelo Carvalho
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lasmar
authors.forename: Bethânia Alves
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Novelli
authors.forename: Geralda de Fátima Guerra
authors.initials: Gde F
authors.lastname: Lages
authors.forename: Maria das Graças
authors.initials: Md
authors.lastname: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000032:analysis*; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood*; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C051321:SERPINE1 protein, human; C036309:fibrin fragment D; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D006710:Homocysteine