title: SIRT1 deacetylase protects against neurodegeneration in models for Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
abstract: A progressive loss of neurons with age underlies a variety of debilitating neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), yet few effective treatments are currently available. The SIR2 gene promotes longevity in a variety of organisms and may underlie the health benefits of caloric restriction, a diet that delays aging and neurodegeneration in mammals. Here, we report that a human homologue of SIR2, SIRT1, is upregulated in mouse models for AD, ALS and in primary neurons challenged with neurotoxic insults. In cell-based models for AD/tauopathies and ALS, SIRT1 and resveratrol, a SIRT1-activating molecule, both promote neuronal survival. In the inducible p25 transgenic mouse, a model of AD and tauopathies, resveratrol reduced neurodegeneration in the hippocampus, prevented learning impairment, and decreased the acetylation of the known SIRT1 substrates PGC-1alpha and p53. Furthermore, injection of SIRT1 lentivirus in the hippocampus of p25 transgenic mice conferred significant protection against neurodegeneration. Thus, SIRT1 constitutes a unique molecular link between aging and human neurodegenerative disorders and provides a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Picower Insitute for Learning and Memory, Riken-MIT Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Dohoon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Minh Dang
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Matthew M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Dobbin
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Farahnaz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sananbenesi
authors.forename: Joseph T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Delalle
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Baur
authors.forename: Guangchao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.forename: Sean M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Armour
authors.forename: Pere
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puigserver
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sinclair
authors.forename: Li-Huei
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation / Q000187:drug effects; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051360:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D000077185:Resveratrol; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C000606290:SOD1 protein, human; D013267:Stilbenes; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C000606291:Sod1 protein, mouse; C000606292:Sod1 protein, rat; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D051360:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5; C447939:SIRT1 protein, human; C470545:Sirt1 protein, mouse; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D037761:Sirtuins; D000077185:Resveratrol