title: Asparaginyl hydroxylation of the Notch ankyrin repeat domain by factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor.
abstract: The stability and activity of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) are regulated by the post-translational hydroxylation of specific prolyl and asparaginyl residues. We show that the HIF asparaginyl hydroxylase, factor inhibiting HIF (FIH), also catalyzes hydroxylation of highly conserved asparaginyl residues within ankyrin repeat (AR) domains (ARDs) of endogenous Notch receptors. AR hydroxylation decreases the extent of ARD binding to FIH while not affecting signaling through the canonical Notch pathway. ARD proteins were found to efficiently compete with HIF for FIH-dependent hydroxylation. Crystallographic analyses of the hydroxylated Notch ARD (2.35A) and of Notch peptides bound to FIH (2.4-2.6A) reveal the stereochemistry of hydroxylation on the AR and imply that significant conformational changes are required in the ARD fold in order to enable hydroxylation at the FIH active site. We propose that ARD proteins function as natural inhibitors of FIH and that the hydroxylation status of these proteins provides another oxygen-dependent interface that modulates HIF signaling.
authors.affiliation: Henry Wellcome Building for Molecular Physiology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mathew L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McDonough
authors.forename: Kirsty S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Hewitson
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coles
authors.forename: Jasmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mecinovic
authors.forename: Mariola
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Edelmann
authors.forename: Kristina M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Matthew E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Cockman
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Lancaster
authors.forename: Benedikt M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Kessler
authors.forename: Neil J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Oldham
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Ratcliffe
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Schofield
mesh_terms: D017089:Ankyrin Repeat; D001216:Asparagine / Q000378:metabolism; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D006801:Humans; D006900:Hydroxylation; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D051881:Receptor, Notch1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051883:Receptor, Notch2; D000071656:Receptor, Notch3; D051880:Receptors, Notch / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; C497761:NOTCH1 protein, human; C497764:NOTCH2 protein, human; C499374:NOTCH3 protein, human; D051881:Receptor, Notch1; D051883:Receptor, Notch2; D000071656:Receptor, Notch3; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D001216:Asparagine; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C439790:HIF1AN protein, human