title: Relationship of the toxicity of pesticide formulations and their commercial restrictions with the frequency of animal poisonings.
abstract: Deliberate poisoning of domestic animals and wildlife with commercial formulations of pesticides has been documented worldwide. We have compiled the analytical results obtained by four Spanish Laboratories of Veterinary Toxicology since 1990. The frequency of poisonings and the intentional use of pesticides were compared between formulations with restricted and unrestricted use, including the toxicity of the commercial formulations as a covariant in the model. The frequency of poisoning was inversely related with the lethal dose of specific formulations, but not with the amounts consumed in agriculture in Spain. The intentional illegal use of some pesticides as poisons was not affected by the commercial restriction of their formulations, but was inversely correlated with their LD(50). The examination of the data permits us to detect three highly toxic compounds (aldicarb, carbofuran, and strychnine), more widely implicated in animal poisonings than other compounds of similar toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martínez-Haro
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mateo
authors.forename: Raimon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guitart
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Soler-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pérez-López
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: María-Mojica
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: García-Fernández
mesh_terms: D000820:Animal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D000835:Animals, Wild; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D010571:Pest Control / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards; D010575:Pesticides / Q000191:economics* / Q000633:toxicity*; D011041:Poisoning / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D012378:Rodenticides / Q000633:toxicity; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D012378:Rodenticides