title: Pathogenic rickettsiae as bioterrorism agents.
abstract: Because of their unique biological characteristics, such as environmental stability, small size, aerosol transmission, persistence in infected hosts, low infectious dose, and high associated morbidity and mortality, Rickettsia prowazekii and Coxiella burnetii have been weaponized. These biological attributes would make the pathogenic rickettsiae desirable bioterrorism agents. However, production of highly purified, virulent, weapon-quality rickettsiae is a daunting task that requires expertise and elaborate, state-of-the art laboratory procedures to retain rickettsial survival and virulence. Another drawback to developing rickettsial pathogens as biological weapons is their lack of direct transmission from host to host and the availability of very effective therapeutic countermeasures against these obligate intracellular bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. aazad@umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Abdu F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Azad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023482:Bioterrorism; D016997:Coxiella burnetii / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004189:Disaster Planning; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D010374:Pediculus / Q000382:microbiology*; D011778:Q Fever / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D012283:Rickettsia prowazekii / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014438:Typhus, Epidemic Louse-Borne / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004318:Doxycycline