title: Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1-mediated mRNA translation in Purkinje neurons is required for cerebellar long-term depression and motor coordination.
abstract: The ability of neurons to modify synaptic connections is critical for proper brain development and function in the adult. It is now clear that changes in synaptic strength are often accompanied by changes in synaptic morphology. This synaptic plasticity can be maintained for varying lengths of time depending on the type of neuronal activity that first induced the changes. Long-term synaptic plasticity requires the synthesis of new proteins, and one mechanism for the regulation of experience-induced protein synthesis in neurons involves cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein (CPEB1). CPEB1 can bidirectionally regulate mRNA translation, first repressing translation, and then activating translation after the phosphorylation of two critical residues (T171 and S177). To determine the full extent of CPEB1-mediated protein synthesis in synaptic function, we engineered a line of mice expressing CPEB1 with these phosphorylation sites mutated to alanines (mCPEB1-AA) exclusively in cerebellar Purkinje neurons (PNs). Thus, mRNAs bound by mCPEB1-AA would be held in a translationally dormant state. We show that mCPEB1-AA localizes to synapses in cerebellum and resulted in a loss of protein synthesis-dependent phase of parallel fiber-PN long-term depression. This was accompanied by a change in spine number and spine length that are likely attributable in part to the dysregulation of IRSp53, a protein known to play a role in synaptic structure. Finally, mCPEB1-AA mice displayed a significant impairment of motor coordination and a motor learning delay.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McEvoy
authors.forename: Guan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Montero Llopis
authors.forename: Mitchell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kundel
authors.forename: Kendrick
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hofler
authors.forename: Chan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Wells
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001710:Biotin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000166:cytology*; D049229:Dendritic Spines / Q000378:metabolism; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D047468:Immunoprecipitation / Q000379:methods; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D036881:Long-Term Synaptic Depression / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009154:Mutation; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000378:metabolism; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D039221:mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C490387:Cpeb1 protein, mouse; D007211:Indoles; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014157:Transcription Factors; D039221:mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors; C070614:neurobiotin; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D001710:Biotin; C474723:hesperadin