Mechanisms of obesity-associated insulin resistance: many choices on the menu.
Obesity-associated insulin resistance is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In the past decade, a large number of endocrine, inflammatory, neural, and cell-intrinsic pathways have been shown to be dysregulated in obesity. Although it is possible that one of these factors plays a dominant role, many of these factors are interdependent, and it is likely that their dynamic interplay underlies the pathophysiology of insulin resistance. Understanding the biology of these systems will inform the search for interventions that specifically prevent or treat insulin resistance and its associated pathologies.
Qatanani
Mohammed
M
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, and The Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Lazar
Mitchell A
MA
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000209:etiology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress
D005227:Fatty Acids; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents