title: GM-CSF enhances neural differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells.
abstract: Recent reports suggest that bone marrow stromal cells may be induced into neural cells both in vivo and in vitro. The factors that regulate the neural differentiation and the mechanism involved, however, remains unclear. Here we demonstrated that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a potent hematopoietic factor, was able to enhance the neural differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells. Moreover, we found that GM-CSF receptors are abundantly distributed in the bone marrow stromal cells and GM-CSF significantly upregulated the phosphorylation of cAMP-responsive element binding protein in bone marrow stromal cells. These findings suggest that GM-CSF may activate its receptor and then enhance neural differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells by upregulating phosphorylation of cAMP-responsive element binding protein.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xingjian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yingdong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jingde
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Xinjian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Di
authors.forename: Jingping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Weiguo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D002452:Cell Count / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor