title: Compliance, clinical outcome, and quality of life of patients with stable angina pectoris receiving once-daily betaxolol versus twice daily metoprolol: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A randomized, controlled trial was conducted in an outpatient setting to examine the effect of beta-blocker dosing frequency on patient compliance, clinical outcome, and health-related quality of life in patients with stable angina pectoris.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twelve beta-blockers-naive outpatients with stable angina pectoris were randomized to receive betaxolol, 20 mg once daily or metoprolol tartrate, 50 mg twice daily for 8 weeks. The principal outcome measure was overall compliance measured electronically, whereas secondary outcome measures were drug effectiveness and health-related quality of life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall compliance was 86.5 +/- 21.3% in the betaxolol group versus 76.1 +/- 26.3% in the metoprolol group (p < 0.01), and the correct number of doses was taken on 84.4 +/- 21.6% and 64.0 +/- 31.7% of treatment days, respectively (p < 0.0001). The percentage of missed doses was 14.5 +/- 21.5% in the once-daily group and 24.8 +/- 26.4% in the twice-daily group (p < 0.01). The percentage of doses taken in the correct time window (58.6% vs 42.0%, p = 0.01), correct interdose intervals (77.4% v 53.1%, p < 0.0001), and therapeutic coverage (85.6% vs 73.7%, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the once-daily group. Both studied drugs had similar antianginal effectiveness. Health-related quality of life improved in both groups, but this increase was more pronounced in the betaxolol arm in some dimensions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study demonstrates that patient compliance with once-daily betaxolol is significantly better than with twice daily metoprolol. Similarly, this treatment provides better quality of life. These results demonstrate possible therapeutic advantages of once-daily over twice-daily beta-blockers in the treatment of stable angina pectoris.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Narutowicza St 96, Lodz, Poland. pkardas@csk.am.lodz.pl
authors.forename: Przemyslaw
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kardas
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D015784:Betaxolol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011788:Quality of Life; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D008790:Metoprolol; D015784:Betaxolol