title: Quantification of left ventricular volumes and function in patients with cardiomyopathies by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography: a head-to-head comparison between two different semiautomated endocardial border detection algorithms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated two different commercially available real-time 3-dimensional echocardiographic semiautomated border detection algorithms for left ventricular (LV) volume analysis in patients with cardiomyopathy and distorted LV geometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 53 patients in sinus rhythm with various types of cardiomyopathy (mean age 56 +/- 11 years, 28 men) and adequate 2-dimensional image quality were included. The real-time 3-dimensional echocardiographic multiplane interpolation (MI) and full volume reconstruction (FVR) methods were used for LV volume analysis. Magnetic resonance imaging was used as the reference method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A strong correlation (R(2) > 0.95) was found for all LV volume and ejection fraction measurements by either real-time 3-dimensional echocardiographic method. Analysis time was shorter with the FVR method (6 +/- 2 vs 15 +/- 4 minutes, P < .01) as compared with the MI method. Bland-Altman analysis showed greater underestimation of end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes by MI compared with FVR. For the MI method a bias of -24.0 mL (-15.0% of the mean) for end-diastolic volume and -11.3 mL (-18.0% of the mean) for end-systolic volume was found. For FVR analysis these values were -9.9 mL (-6.0% of the mean) and -5.0 mL (-9.0% of the mean), respectively. Ejection fraction was similar for the MI and FVR method with a mean difference compared with magnetic resonance imaging of 0.6 (1.0%) and 0.8 (1.3%), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with cardiomyopathy, distorted LV geometry, and good 2-dimensional image quality, the FVR method is faster and more accurate than the MI method in assessment of LV volumes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Osama I I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.forename: Boudewijn J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Krenning
authors.forename: Marcel L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Geleijnse
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nemes
authors.forename: Johan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.forename: Robert-Jan
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: van Geuns
authors.forename: Sharon W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kirschbaum
authors.forename: Ashraf M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Anwar
authors.forename: Tjebbe W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Galema
authors.forename: Wim B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Vletter
authors.forename: Folkert J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: ten Cate
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D016014:Linear Models; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014159:Transducers; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology