title: Rats avoid high magnetic fields: dependence on an intact vestibular system.
abstract: High strength static magnetic fields are thought to be benign and largely undetectable by mammals. As magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines increase in strength, however, potential aversive effects may become clinically relevant. Here we report that rats find entry into a 14.1 T magnet aversive, and that they can detect and avoid entry into the magnet at a point where the magnetic field is 2 T or lower. Rats were trained to climb a ladder through the bore of a 14.1 T superconducting magnet. After their first climb into 14.1 T, most rats refused to re-enter the magnet or climb past the 2 T field line. This result was confirmed in a resistive magnet in which the magnetic field was varied from 1 to 14 T. Detection and avoidance required the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear, because labyrinthectomized rats readily traversed the magnet. The inner ear is a novel site for magnetic field transduction in mammals, but perturbation of the vestibular apparatus would be consistent with human reports of vertigo and nausea around high strength MRI machines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Biomedical Research Facility 209 MC 4340, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA. houpt@neuro.fsu.edu
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Houpt
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cassell
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Riccardi
authors.forename: Megan D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: DenBleyker
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hood
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001245:Association Learning / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005260:Female; D010465:Perception / Q000528:radiation effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000528:radiation effects*