title: Adhesion and viability of waterborne pathogens on p-DADMAC coatings.
abstract: The attachment of waterborne pathogens onto surfaces can be increased by coating the surfaces with positive charge-enhancing polymers. In this paper, the increased efficacy of polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (p-DADMAC) coatings on glass was evaluated in a parallel plate flow chamber with the use of waterborne pathogens (Raoultella terrigena, Escherichia coli, and Brevundimonas diminuta). p-DADMAC coatings strongly compensated the highly negative charges on the glass surface and even yielded a positively charged surface when applied from a 500 ppm solution. Whereas none of the strains adhered from water to glass due to electrostatic repulsion, R. terrigena and E. coli readily adhered in high numbers to p-DADMAC coated glass slides applied from 1, 100, or 500 ppm aqueous solutions. B. diminuta only adhered to a positively charged p-DADMAC coating applied from a 500 ppm solution. In addition, all p-DADMAC coatings indicated strong contact killing with the bacterial species used in this study by live/dead staining techniques. In summary, this paper demonstrates the potential of p-DADMAC coatings to strongly enhance bacterial adhesion. Moreover, once adhered, bacterial viability can be reduced by the positively charged ammonium groups in the coating.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henny C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: van der Mei
authors.forename: Minie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rustema-Abbing
authors.forename: Don E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Langworthy
authors.forename: Dimitris I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Collias
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Dave W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Bjorkquist
authors.forename: Henk J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Busscher
mesh_terms: D000498:Allyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D002470:Cell Survival; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D000498:Allyl Compounds; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; C508190:diallyldimethylammonium chloride