title: Pediatric nonaccidental trauma thoracolumbar fracture-dislocation: posterior spinal fusion with pedicle screw fixation in an 8-month-old boy.
abstract: METHODS
  Case report of pedicle screw fixation in an infant with nonaccidental spine trauma.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To ensure awareness of nonaccidental pediatric spine trauma and describe a safe and effective method of treating a complex problem of thoracolumbar fracture-dislocation in an infant.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Nonaccidental pediatric spine trauma is rare, accounting for <1% of abuse. No previous cases of pedicle screw fixation have been described in a patient younger than 1 year of age. Prior treatment of this clinical entity has been treated with casts or wire-fixation.
  
  
  METHODS
  An 8-month-old boy had a nonaccidental (also known as child abuse) traumatic T12-L1 fracture-dislocation. This was subsequently surgically corrected with posterior spinal fusion and instrumentation with pedicle screws.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After surgery, the patient is doing well with no adverse effects from surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although child abuse is a rare cause of spinal trauma, clinicians should do a full skeletal survey to ensure no other injuries are overlooked. Pedicle screw fixation can be used in infants with unstable traumatic spinal injuries, allowing earlier rehabilitation and return to normal activity level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Wilford Hall Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA. Kenneth.bode@lackland.af.mil
authors.forename: Kenneth S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Bode
authors.forename: Peter O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Newton
mesh_terms: D001863:Bone Screws; D002649:Child Abuse; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery