title: A randomized, double-blind, celecoxib- and placebo-controlled study of the effectiveness of CS-706 in acute postoperative dental pain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CS-706 is a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-selective inhibitor with an in vitro selectivity ratio (COX-1:COX-2) similar to that of celecoxib. It has exhibited analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties in animal models.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the tolerability of single doses of CS-706 and compared the analgesic efficacy of CS-706 with that of celecoxib and placebo in the dental pain model.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active- and placebo-controlled study. Healthy male and female subjects with moderate to severe pain intensity (PI) after dental surgery were randomized ( approximately 50 per group) to receive a single oral dose of CS-706 10, 50, 100, or 200 mg; celecoxib 400 mg; or placebo. PI and pain relief (PR) were measured on categorical and visual analog scales through 24 hours after the dose. The primary efficacy variable was the time-weighted sum of PR scores at 4 hours after the dose (TOPAR4). The onset of analgesia was assessed by calculating the pain intensity difference (PID). Perceptible and meaningful pain relief were assessed using a 2-stopwatch method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of subjects were female (62.0%) and white (59.5%). Subjects' mean (SD) age was 22.6 (3.9) years, and their mean body mass index was 25.3 (5.1) kg/m(2). All doses of CS-706 were associated with significant analgesic efficacy compared with placebo based on the primary end point, TOPAR4 (P<0.001), and on all secondary end points (P<0.05, comparisons of all CS-706 doses vs placebo) with the exception of time to 100% PR for CS-706 10 mg. Single 50-, 100-, and 200-mg doses of CS-706 also were significantly more effective than celecoxib for TOPAR4 (P=0.036, P=0.004, and P=0.006, respectively). The onset of analgesia (PID >or= 1) for all CS-706 doses occurred within 1 hour after dosing (P<0.001 vs placebo). The median duration of analgesia, measured as the time to administration of rescue medication, was significantly greater for all doses of CS-706 compared with placebo (5.7 hours for CS-706 10 mg, >24 hours for CS-706 50, 100, and 200 mg, and 1.7 hours for placebo; P<0.001 for CS-706 50, 100, and 200 mg). These data suggest that once-daily administration of CS-706 may be effective in providing relief of acute pain. The incidence of adverse events was similar among all treatment groups. Adverse events occurring in >or= 5 % of subjects in any treatment group were nausea, vomiting, dry socket, dizziness, headache, and paresthesia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single doses of CS-706 had significant analgesic efficacy compared with celecoxib and placebo in the relief of postoperative dental pain in the healthy subjects enrolled in this study.
authors.affiliation: Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, New Jersey 08837, USA. jmoberly@dsus.com
authors.forename: James B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Moberly
authors.forename: Jianbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Desjardins
authors.forename: Stephen E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Daniels
authors.forename: Donald P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Bandy
authors.forename: Janet E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lawson
authors.forename: Allison J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Link
authors.forename: Kenneth E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Truitt
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000068579:Celecoxib; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011758:Pyrroles; D013449:Sulfonamides; C514354:apricoxib; D000068579:Celecoxib