title: Dual therapy with high doses of rabeprazole and amoxicillin versus triple therapy with rabeprazole, amoxicillin, and metronidazole as a rescue regimen for Helicobacter pylori infection after the standard triple therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Development of safe and effective rescue regimens for eradication failure of Helicobacter pylori infection by standard regimens is an urgent task. We designed the prospective study to compare the efficacy of two rescue regimens after eradication failure by the standard triple therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and thirty-two patients in whom eradication of H. pylori infection failed initial triple therapy with lansoprazole 30 mg b.i.d, amoxicillin 750 mg b.i.d. and clarithromycin 400 mg b.i.d. for 1 week were randomized to either the 1-week triple therapy with rabeprazole 10 mg b.i.d., amoxicillin 750 mg b.i.d., and metronidazole 250 mg b.i.d. (RAM) or the 2-week dual therapy with rabeprazole 10 mg q.i.d. and amoxicillin 500 mg q.i.d. (RA). Eradication of H. pylori was judged by (13)C-urea breath test 1 month later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intention-to-treat and per-protocol-based eradication rates were 92.4% (95% CI: 83.2-97.5) and 95.3% (95% CI: 86.9-99.0) for the RAM therapy and 90.9% (95% CI: 81.2-96.6) and 93.8% (95% CI: 84.8-98.3), respectively, for the RA therapy (P > 0.2 for both). No clinically recognizable adverse events were observed with either regimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RA as well as RAM therapy are safe and effective rescue regimens for H. pylori infection after eradication failure by the standard triple therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Naohito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.forename: Mitsushige
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Chise
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kodaira
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishino
authors.forename: Mutsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikuma
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kajimura
authors.forename: Kyoichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishizaki
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hishida
authors.forename: Takahisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Furuta
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D064750:Rabeprazole
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D008795:Metronidazole; D064750:Rabeprazole; D000658:Amoxicillin