title: Symptom assessment in patients with functional and primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction before and after successful dacryocystorhinostomy surgery: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate symptoms in patients with functional (FNLDO) and primary acquired (PANDO) nasolacrimal duct obstruction, evaluated prospectively before and after successful dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire delivered by interview, pre- and postintervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients with either FNLDO or PANDO were derived from a tertiary referral clinic and private practice of two surgeons (GW and ICF). The preoperative cohort consisted of 33 FNLDO patients and 28 PANDO patients. Of these, only 31 patients elected to proceed to DCR surgery. There were 12 FLNDO patients and 19 PANDO patients in the postoperative cohorts, all with definitive surgical success. Successful DCR surgery was indicated by positive endoscopic Jones 1 testing. Symptoms in relation to the patient's vision, reading, driving, mood, work and embarrassment were assessed. The severity of these symptoms was also graded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vision and reading in particular were affected in both preoperative cohorts, and patients suffered significantly from embarrassment. Of the postoperative cohorts, the FNLDO cohort had a reduced percentage of patients suffering each symptom type, whereas the PANDO group had a reduction in percentage of patients reporting each symptom in some but not all areas. However, the overall severity was reduced in both groups, and embarrassment was significantly reduced in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In both FNLDO and PANDO populations, symptoms bother patients significantly, and successful DCR surgery has a positive effect on the patient's physical and psychological well-being.
authors.affiliation: FASOPRS, Suite 12, Chatswood Grove, 12-14 Malvern Avenue, Chatswood 2067 NSW, Australia. iancfrancis@gmail.com
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stapleton
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wilcsek
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy; D006801:Humans; D007767:Lacrimal Duct Obstruction / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D009301:Nasolacrimal Duct; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011932:Reading; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014785:Vision, Ocular