title: Nocturnal change of circulating intercellular adhesion molecule 1 levels in children with snoring.
abstract: Hypoxia promotes adherence of leukocytes to endothelial cells by inducing expression of adhesion molecules like intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Increased serum levels of circulating ICAM-1 (cICAM-1) have been reported in adults with sleep apnea and associated hypoxemia. This investigation assessed the hypothesis that the overnight change of cICAM-1 levels in children with snoring is correlated with the severity of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing. Evening and morning serum levels of cICAM-1 were measured in children with snoring referred for polysomnography. Twenty-five children with an apnea-hypopnea index greater than or equal to 5 episodes/h (5.5 +/- 1.8 years), 30 subjects with an index less than 5 and greater than 1 (6.3 +/- 2 years), and 19 children with an index less than or equal to 1 (7.1 +/- 3 years) were recruited. Overnight change in cICAM-1 (log-transformed ratio of morning-to-evening levels) was similar in subjects with an apnea-hypopnea index greater than or equal to 5 episodes/h compared to those with an index less than 5 and greater than 1 or to children with an index less than or equal to 1 (-0.001 +/- 0.08 vs -0.03 +/- 0.09 vs -0.06 +/- 0.1; p > 0.05). When multiple regression analysis was applied, apnea-hypopnea index, respiratory arousal index, and oxygen saturation of hemoglobin nadir were not significant predictors of overnight change in cICAM-1 levels. Thus, in children with snoring, overnight change in cICAM-1 levels is not related to severity of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Thessaly School of Medicine, Larissa, Greece. KADITIA@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Athanasios G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Kaditis
authors.forename: Emmanouel I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Alexopoulos
authors.forename: Efthimia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kalampouka
authors.forename: Fotini
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hatzi
authors.forename: Ioanna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Karadonta
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kyropoulos
authors.forename: Dimitrios G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Kaditis
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gourgoulianis
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Syrogiannopoulos
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D012913:Snoring / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1