title: Procoagulant stress reactivity and recovery in apparently healthy men with systolic and diastolic hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate whether systemic systolic hypertension (SHT) and diastolic hypertension (DHT) are associated with an exaggerated response of factor VII clotting activity (FVII:C), factor VIII clotting activity (FVIII:C), fibrinogen, and d-dimer to acute psychosocial stress.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed the 15-min Trier Social Stress Test (i.e., combination of task preparation, job interview and mental arithmetic) in a sample of 42 middle-aged apparently healthy and unmedicated men with normal and elevated blood pressure (BP) (i.e. screening systolic and/or diastolic BP>or=130/85 mmHg). Blood samples for coagulation measures were obtained immediately pre and post stress and 20 min and 60 min thereafter. Repeated measures analyses of covariance controlled for age, body mass index, screening mean arterial BP, and resting level of coagulation factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a stress-by-DHT interaction for changes across all time points in FVII:C (P=.027), FVIII:C (P=.018), and d-dimer (P=.011) explaining between 14% and 17% of the variance. Compared to subjects without DHT, diastolic hypertensives had higher FVII:C immediately post stress (P=.085, Cohen's d=.60) and at 20-min recovery (P=.19, d=.46), higher FVIII:C at 20- (P=.028, d=.78) and at 60-min (P=.035, d=.75) recovery, and higher D-dimer at 20-min recovery (P=.10, d=.58). A significant stress-by-SHT interaction for fibrinogen (P=.050) became nonsignificant when controlling for covariates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diastolic hypertension exaggerated the acute procoagulant response to stress in middle-aged men. This effect was particularly observed during recovery of hypercoagulability from stress. The findings suggest a psychobiological mechanism linking stress with an increased atherothrombotic risk in hypertensive individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, and Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospital Berne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Petra H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Wirtz
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ehlert
authors.forename: Luljeta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Emini
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rüdisüli
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Groessbauer
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: von Känel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000941:Antigens / Q000097:blood*; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology; D005167:Factor VII; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000378:metabolism*; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000378:metabolism*; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; C042580:factor VII clotting antigen; C036309:fibrin fragment D; D005167:Factor VII; D005169:Factor VIII; D005340:Fibrinogen