title: Use of high spatial resolution satellite imagery to characterize landscapes at risk for bluetongue.
abstract: The recent and rapid spread in the Mediterranean Basin of bluetongue, a viral disease of ruminants transmitted by some species of Culicoides (biting midges), highlights the necessity of determining the conditions of its emergence. This study uses high spatial resolution satellite imagery and methods from landscape ecology science to identify environmental parameters related to bluetongue occurrence in Corsica, a French Mediterranean island where the disease occurred for the first time in 2000. A set of environmental variables recorded in the neighborhood of 80 sheep farms were related to case occurrence through a logistic regression model computed within three subsequent buffer distances of 0.5, 1 and 2 km. The results reveal the role of landscape metrics, particularly those characterizing land-use units such as prairies and woodlands, as well as farm type, latitude and sunshine to explain the presence of bluetongue. Internal and external validation both indicate that the best results are obtained with the 1 km buffer size model (area under Receiver Operating Characteristic curve = 0.9 for internal validation and 0.81 for external validation). The results show that high spatial resolution remote sensing (i.e. 10 m pixels) and landscape ecology approaches contribute to improving the understanding of bluetongue epidemiology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, St. Jacques University Medical Center, 2 place St. Jacques, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guis
authors.forename: Annelise
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de La Rocque
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baldet
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gerbier
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barragué
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Biteau-Coroller
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Roger
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Viel
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mauny
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001819:Bluetongue / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D002519:Ceratopogonidae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000821:virology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000254:growth & development / Q000821:virology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D012372:ROC Curve; D012307:Risk Factors; D017215:Satellite Communications; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance / Q000662:veterinary*; D012756:Sheep