title: Sildenafil improves immediate posttransplant parameters in warm-ischemic kidney transplants: experimental study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate in an experimental model the effects of the PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil on kidney grafts autotransplanted after a period of 45 minutes of warm ischemia and 60 minutes of hypothermic pump perfusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine laboratory large-white pigs were divided into two groups. Group A (n = 4): oral dose of 100 mg sildenafil was administered 1 hour before the surgery. Group B (n = 5): no sildenafil given. Right single nephrectomy was completed after a 45-minute period of warm ischemia by complete vascular clamping. Before the autotransplant, all kidneys were submitted to a 60-minute period of hypothermic pulsatile perfusion. Renal flow, arterial pressure, and renal vascular resistance were recorded in real time for 60 minutes after autotransplant. Nitric oxide levels were determined in blood samples of the renal vein at predefined intervals. Optical and electronic microscopy was performed on all organs at the end of the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Renal vascular flow was significantly higher and renal vascular resistance significantly lower in the sildenafil group compared with the non-sildenafil group. No significant differences were observed in systemic arterial pressure values between both groups. Nitric oxide levels were significantly higher for all periods in the sildenafil group. No differences were observed in histological studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our experimental work suggested a positive effect of sildenafil on the immediate posttransplant outcome of warm-ischemic kidneys without systemic secondary effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, C/Doctor Esquerdo 46, Madrid 28007, Spain. enllga@terra.es
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lledo-Garcia
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Martinez
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cabello-Benavente
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Moncada-Iribarren
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tejedor-Jorge
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dulin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hernandez-Fernandez
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Del Canizo-Lopez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007511:Ischemia; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D023421:Models, Animal; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011687:Purines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013552:Swine; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate