Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies of cocaine-opioid interactions.
The drugs of abuse cocaine (C), heroin (H), and morphine (M) have been studied to enable understanding of the occurrence of cocaine-opioid interactions at a molecular level. Electrochemical, Raman, and NMR studies of the free drugs and their mixtures were used to study drug-drug interactions. The results were analyzed using data obtained from quantum-mechanical calculations. For the cocaine-morphine mixture (C-MH), formation of a binary complex was detected; this involved the 3-phenolic group and the heterocyclic oxygen of morphine and the carbonyl oxygen and the methyl protons of cocaine's methyl ester group. NMR studies conducted simultaneously also revealed C-MH binding geometry consistent with theoretical predictions and with electrochemical and vibrational spectroscopy results. These results provide evidence for the occurrence of a cocaine-morphine interaction, both in the solid state and in solution, particularly for the hydrochloride form. A slight interaction, in solution, was also detected by NMR for the cocaine-heroin mixture.
Garrido
Jorge M P J
JM
Unidade I&D Química-Física Molecular, Universidade de Coimbra, 3001-401, Coimbra, Portugal. jjg@isep.ipp.pt
Marques
M Paula M
MP
Silva
Artur M S
AM
Macedo
Tice R A
TR
Oliveira-Brett
Ana M
AM
Borges
Fernanda
F
D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000737:chemistry*; D001665:Binding Sites; D003042:Cocaine / Q000737:chemistry*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004563:Electrochemistry; D009020:Morphine; D011789:Quantum Theory; D012996:Solutions; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D012996:Solutions; D009020:Morphine; D003042:Cocaine