title: One of two gbpC gene homologues is involved in dextran-dependent aggregation of Streptococcus sobrinus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Streptococcus sobrinus exhibits marked dextran-dependent aggregation mediated by glucan-binding proteins (GBPs). In contrast to Streptococcus mutans, in which the gbpC gene responsible for dextran-dependent aggregation of this organism has been characterized, genes encoding the S. sobrinus GBPs have not yet been identified.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recently, we identified the gbpC gene homologue from Streptococcus macacae using polymerase chain reaction primers based on the conserved regions of the gbpC sequence exhibiting intraspecies variations. This method was applied to amplify a S. sobrinus homologue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Unexpectedly, two gbpC gene homologues were identified in S. sobrinus strain 100-4. One homologue, named gbpC, was more similar to the S. mutans gbpC gene than the other and was approximately half the molecular size of its homologue with similar regions interrupted by several non-similar stretches. However, the dextran-binding activity of the protein expressed from gbpC in Escherichia coli was not detected in contrast to the other homologue, a protein designated as Dbl, expressing this activity. The gbpC gene was shown to be intact on the chromosome of strain OMZ176, which does not exhibit dextran-dependent aggregation, while the dbl gene of this strain contained a single adenine nucleotide insertion at approximately one-third the distance from the 5'-end. The insertion mutation in the dbl gene resulted in translation of a premature protein missing its LPXTG sequence signature sequence of the wall-anchored proteins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the dbl gene is very likely responsible for S. sobrinus dextran-dependent aggregation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Oral Health Science Centre, Tokyo Dental College, Mihama-ku, Chiba City, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kagami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto-Shibayama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kizaki
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000235:genetics*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016386:Chromosome Walking; D003911:Dextrans / Q000378:metabolism; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D037102:Lectins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D016986:Streptococcus sobrinus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003911:Dextrans; D037102:Lectins; C037937:glucan-binding proteins