title: Nanosystems for simultaneous imaging and drug delivery to T cells.
abstract: The T-cell response defines the pathogenesis of many common chronic disease states, including diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and transplant rejection. Therefore, a diagnostic strategy that visualizes this response can potentially lead to early therapeutic intervention, avoiding catastrophic organ failure or prolonged sickness. In addition, the means to deliver a drug dose to those cells in situ with the same specificity used to image those cells would provide for a powerful therapeutic alternative for many disease states involving T cells. In this report, we review emerging nanosystems that can be used for simultaneous tracking and drug delivery to those cells. Because of their versatility, these systems--which combine specific receptor targeting with an imaging agent and drug delivery--are suited to both basic science and applications, from developing therapeutic strategies for autoimmune and alloimmune diseases, to noninvasive tracking of pathogenic T-cell migration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. Tarek.fahmy@yale.edu
authors.forename: Tarek M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Fahmy
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Constable
authors.forename: W Mark
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Saltzman
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations