title: Screening for mental disorders in laryngeal cancer patients: a comparison of 6 methods.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine how accurate mental distress screening instruments are in identifying psychological sequelae in ambulatory laryngeal cancer patients who have undergone surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-hundred and fifty subjects were tested for mental disorders according to the guidelines defined in the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Psychological Illnesses, Version 4. Screening instruments tested were: the 'Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale' (HADS), the subscale 'Emotional Functioning' of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), the 'Hornheider Fragebogen' (HFB), and a single-item visual analogues scale (VAS). Accuracy was assessed by calculating the sensitivity rates, specificity rates, and areas under the curve from the receiver operating characteristic curves.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The relative frequency of mental disorders was 19.8%. All of the screening instruments tested were found to be highly accurate. The best levels of sensitivity and specificity were associated with the total score of the HADS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results confirm that a significant minority of laryngeal cancer patients suffer from severe mental distress, and that accurate screening for clinically significant mental disorders is possible using any of the instruments evaluated here.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany. sins@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: Helge
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Danker
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dietz
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hornemann
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koscielny
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oeken
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Matthäus
authors.forename: Hans-Joachim
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Krauss
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D015995:Prevalence; D011584:Psychology; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012042:Registries; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires