title: Functional outcome of ischemic stroke: a comparative study of diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diabetes is associated with more ischemic strokes and diabetic patients have up to a three-fold increased risk for suffering a stroke, compared with non-diabetics. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether diabetes mellitus may also affect the functional outcome of patients with acute ischemic stroke, undergoing post-acute care rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective charts analysis of consecutive older patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted for rehabilitation at a tertiary hospital with post-acute care geriatric rehabilitation wards. Functional outcome of diabetics and non-diabetics was assessed by the Functional Independence Measurement scale (FIM) at admission and discharge. Data were analysed by t-tests, Pearson correlation, and Chi-square test, as well as by linear regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total number of 527 patients were admitted, of whom 39% were diabetics. Compared with non-diabetics, diabetic stroke patients were slightly younger (p = 0.0001) but had similar admission FIM scores. FIM gain parameters (total FIM gain, motor FIM gain, daily total and motor FIM gains) upon discharge were similar in both groups. A linear regression analysis showed that higher MMSE scores (beta = 0.08; p = 0.01) and higher admission total FIM scores (beta = 0.87; p < 0.001) predicted higher total FIM scores upon discharge. Diabetes mellitus was not interrelated, whatsoever, with better total FIM scores upon discharge (beta = -0.03; p = 0.27).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that there is no difference in the functional outcome of diabetic and non-diabetic patients, presenting for rehabilitation after acute ischemic stroke. Diabetes should not be considered as adversely affecting rehabilitation of such patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Rehabilitation, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel. exm42@sheba.health.gov.il
authors.forename: Eliyahu H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Mizrahi
authors.forename: Yehudit
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fleissig
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arad
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adunsky
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009048:Motor Skills; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D016896:Treatment Outcome