title: Effect of the combination of organic and inorganic filters on the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) determined by in vitro method.
abstract: This paper describes the effect on Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of the combination of inorganic and organic filters in sunscreen products as determined by an in vitro method. O/W emulsions containing inorganic filters, such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, combined with 18 EU-authorized UV-B organic filters were tested. SPF measurements were carried out using a spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere. This study observed a synergic effect when titanium dioxide was combined with either anisotriazine or octyldimethylPABA. The combination of zinc oxide with 11 UV-B organic filters also exhibited a similar synergy; however, the measured SPF was systematically lower than the protection factor achieved with titanium dioxide.
authors.affiliation: Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, LPiC, SMAB, EA2160, Faculty of Pharmacy, 1 rue G. Veil - BP 53508, Nantes F-44000, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: El-Boury
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Couteau
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boulande
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Paparis
authors.forename: L J M
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Coiffard
mesh_terms: D010129:4-Aminobenzoic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004655:Emulsions; D004890:Erythema / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014227:Triazines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D062366:para-Aminobenzoates
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D004655:Emulsions; D009821:Oils; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D014227:Triazines; D062366:para-Aminobenzoates; D014867:Water; C009495:titanium dioxide; C015402:octyl dimethyl 4-aminobenzoic acid; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D014025:Titanium; D015034:Zinc Oxide; D010129:4-Aminobenzoic Acid