title: Prediction of labour and delivery by ascertaining the fetal head position with transabdominal ultrasound in pregnancies with prelabour rupture of membranes after 37 weeks.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the proportion of fetal head rotation from occiput posterior (OP) to occiput anterior (OA) during labour after term prelabour rupture of membranes (PROM), and to study if OP before labour are associated with a higher risk of operative deliveries and a longer duration of labour.
  
  
  METHODS
  A transabdominal ultrasound examination was performed in 152 women with PROM after 37 weeks with a single live fetus in cephalic position. The course of labour was compared in women with the fetal head in occiput posterior position or other positions before the start of labour.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before the start of labour, 40 (26%) fetuses were in occiput posterior position (OP), but 34 (85%) of them rotated to occiput anterior (OA) during labour. Ten (6.6%) fetuses were delivered in OP, and six of them were in OP before the start of labour. There were no statistically significant associations between the head position before the start of labour and the duration from PROM to delivery, induction of labour, use of epidural analgesia, augmentation with oxytocin, operative deliveries, perineal tears, Apgar scores, pH or base excess in the umbilical artery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transabdominal ultrasound examination can determine the fetal head position before the start of labour, but the position of the head did not predict the course of labour, probably because the fetal head may rotate during labour even after PROM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stavanger University Hospital. tme@lyse.net
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Eggebø
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heien
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Okland
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Gjessing
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Smedvig
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Romundstad
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Salvesen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D005260:Female; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006257:Head / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology*; D006801:Humans; D007745:Labor Onset; D008423:Maternal Age; D010298:Parity; D011187:Posture; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*