title: Unruptured arteriovenous malformation in a patient presenting with obstructive hydrocephalus. Case report and review of the literature.
abstract: The authors report on a patient harboring an unruptured cortical arteriovenous malformation (AVM), who had presented with obstructive hydrocephalus due to compression of the cerebral aqueduct by a large venous varix. Although patients with ruptured AVMs are known to either present with or later suffer from obstructive hydrocephalus, those with unruptured AVMs who present in this manner are quite rare. Moreover, hydrocephalus caused by a venous varix draining an AVM, to our knowledge, has never been previously reported in the literature. This report serves to illustrate two primary points, namely, that tortuous venous varices draining AVMs can result in obstructive hydrocephalus and that this unusual circumstance can be fostered in the setting of venous outflow obstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, McGaw Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA. stefanmindea@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Stefan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mindea
authors.forename: Benson P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: H Hunt
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Batjer
mesh_terms: D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002550:Cerebral Veins / Q000503:physiopathology; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000209:etiology*; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology