title: Biocompatible glass-ceramic materials for bone substitution.
abstract: A new bioactive glass composition (CEL2) in the SiO(2)-P(2)O(5)-CaO-MgO-K(2)O-Na(2)O system was tailored to control pH variations due to ion leaching phenomena when the glass is in contact with physiological fluids. CEL2 was prepared by a traditional melting-quenching process obtaining slices that were heat-treated to obtain a glass-ceramic material (CEL2GC) that was characterized thorough SEM analysis. Pre-treatment of CEL2GC with SBF was found to enhance its biocompatibility, as assessed by in vitro tests. CEL2 powder was then used to synthesize macroporous glass-ceramic scaffolds. To this end, CEL2 powders were mixed with polyethylene particles within the 300-600 microm size-range and then pressed to obtain crack-free compacted powders (green). This was heat-treated to remove the organic phase and to sinter the inorganic phase, leaving a porous structure. The biomaterial thus obtained was characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM equipped with EDS, density measurement, image analysis, mechanical testing and in vitro evaluation, and found to be a glass-ceramic macroporous scaffold with uniformly distributed and highly interconnected porosity. The extent and size-range of the porosity can be tailored by varying the amount and size of the polyethylene particles.
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department, Politecnico di Torino, Torino 10128, Italy. chiara.vitale@polito.it
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vitale-Brovarone
authors.forename: Enrica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Verné
authors.forename: Lorenza
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Robiglio
authors.forename: Germana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martinasso
authors.forename: Rosa A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Canuto
authors.forename: Giuliana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Muzio
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002516:Ceramics; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D020959:Polyethylene / Q000737:chemistry; D011208:Powders; D011312:Pressure; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D011208:Powders; D020959:Polyethylene