title: Liver histology alterations during carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum in a porcine model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to investigate the time course changes in liver histology during carbon dioxide (CO(2)) pneumoperitoneum in a large animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this study, 14 white pigs were anesthetized. Liver biopsies performed 0, 1, and 2 h after establishment of CO(2) pneumoperitoneum (at 12 mmHg) and after peritoneal desufflation were sent for histologic examination. Heart rate, mean blood pressure, hepatic artery flow, portal vein flow, and aortic flow were recorded in 10-min increments. Three animals served as control subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant time course increase was observed in portal inflammation, intralobular inflammation, edema, sinusoidal dilation, sinusoidal hyperemia, centrilobular dilation, centrilobular hyperemia, pericentrilobular ischemia, and focal lytic necrosis scores. There were no significant changes in the control group. This eliminated an effect of anesthesia only. The portal vein flow increased as much as 21%, and the hepatic artery flow decreased as much as 31% of baseline, but these differences did not attain statistical significance. Aortic flow remained relatively stable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Histomorphologic changes occurred, indicating liver tissue injury during CO(2) pneumoperitoneum at an intraabdominal pressure of 12 mmHg in the porcine model. Portal vein flow increased, and hepatic artery flow decreased, whereas aortic flow remained relatively unaffected in this experiment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Athens, Hippocration Hospital, V Sofias 114, Athens, 11527, Greece. nalexakis@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alexakis
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gakiopoulou
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dimitriou
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Albanopoulos
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fingerhut
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skalistira
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Patsouris
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bramis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leandros
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide