title: Evaluation of PCDD/Fs characterization in animal feed and feed additives.
abstract: Safety control of feed and feed additives is necessary to have safe food of animal origin. Based on media reports, nine incidents regarding dioxins and/or PCBs contaminations occurred worldwide during the last decade. Korea is a country which imports feed and feed additives. In this study, various kinds of feed and feed additives were analyzed to monitor the contamination level of dioxins. The level of PCDD/Fs in fish oil was the highest with a concentration of 23.33ngkg(-1), which is equivalent to a toxicological concentration of 4.68ngWHO-TEQ/kg. Feed from animals origin such as chicken meal, animal fat, fish meal, fish oil, and shell powder showed relatively higher concentrations of PCDD/Fs. Feed from plants origin, minerals, and additives ranged from non-detects for bit pulp and ethoxyquin to 8.28ngkg(-1) for dl-methionine. From a toxicological point of view, the highest concentration in vitamins was 0.08ngWHO-TEQ/kg among the feed additives. 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF was the dominant congener in samples of fish oil, fish meal, and shell powder. Animal fat showed that the pattern of PCDD/Fs depends on the sources of contamination. A sample of animal fat showed 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF and the other sample showed 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD as a primary congener. Generally, low levels of PCDDs were detected in feed additives. Patterns of PCDD/Fs in choline chloride were different with that in choline chloride from an incident in Europe in 2000.
authors.affiliation: National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, 480 Anyang 6-dong, Manangu, Anyang, Gyeonggido 430-824, South Korea. kimmk@nvrqs.go.kr
authors.forename: MeeKyung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sooyeon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seon Jong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Jin-Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Seong-Wan
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Son
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins