title: Rates and correlates of employment in people with schizophrenia in the UK, France and Germany.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about international variations in employment rates among people with schizophrenia or about the factors associated with employment in this disorder.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe employment patterns and the variables associated with working in an international sample of people with schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  An analysis was made of baseline data from the European Schizophrenia Cohort study, a 2-year investigation of people with schizophrenia in contact with secondary services and living in France, Germany and the UK (n=1208).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants were working in all sections of the job market. People who had a degree, were living with their families or had experienced only a single episode of illness were more likely to be working. A continuous illness course, more severe non-psychotic symptoms and drug misuse reduced the odds of employment. There were large variations between centres in employment rates, which were highest in the three German study sites. These differences persisted after adjustment for individual characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local social contexts may be as important as individual or illness-related factors in explaining employment status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health Sciences, Royal Free and University College London Medical School, 48 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EY, UK, and Psychiatrie Adultes, Hospital Sainte Marguerite, Marseille, France. stevenmarwaha@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marwaha
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bebbington
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stafford
authors.forename: Matthias C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Angermeyer
authors.forename: Traolach
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brugha
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Azorin
authors.forename: Reinhold
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kilian
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Mondher
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toumi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors