title: Anticoagulation in pregnant women with a bileaflet mechanical cardiac valve replacement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the risk and outcome of anticoagulation in pregnant women who had a mechanical valve.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study was undertaken for 41 pregnancies (27 women, 33.1 +/- 4.7 years old) from January 1990 to December 2005. Patients were divided into 3 groups: group I (n = 5) took warfarin throughout the pregnancy, group II (n = 18) took heparin throughout the pregnancy, and group III (n = 18) took heparin in the 1st trimester and warfarin from a gestational age of 12 to 20 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three pregnancies (56.1%) resulted in live births, 11 (26.8%) in stillbirths, and 8 (19.5%) in spontaneous abortions (SA). In group I, there were 2 live births (40.0%), 2 stillbirths (40.0%), and 1 SA (20.0%); in group II, there were 10 live births (55.6%), 1 stillbirth (5.6%), and 7 SA (38.9%); and in group III, there were 10 live births (55.6%), 8 stillbirths (44.4%), and no SA. No significant difference was observed between the 3 groups in terms of successful delivery rates (P = .826).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The probability of successful delivery was low. No single reliable anticoagulation protocol in pregnant patients with mechanical valves emerged from the collated data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. kkh726@snu.ac.kr
authors.forename: Kyung-Hwan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Seop
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Hyuk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D050498:Live Birth / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D050497:Stillbirth / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants