title: Role of c-Abl in directing metabolic versus mitogenic effects in insulin receptor signaling.
abstract: c-Abl is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase involved in several signal transduction pathways. Here we report that c-Abl is involved also in insulin receptor signaling. Indeed, c-Abl tyrosine kinase is activated upon insulin stimulation. Inhibition of c-Abl tyrosine kinase by STI571 attenuates the effect of insulin on Akt/GSK-3beta phosphorylation and glycogen synthesis, and at the same time, it enhances the effect of insulin on ERK activation, cell proliferation, and migration. This effect of STI571 is specific to c-Abl inhibition, because it does not occur in Abl-null cells and is restored in c-Abl-reconstituted cells. Numerous evidences suggest that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is involved in mediating this c-Abl effect. First, anti-phosphotyrosine blots indicate that c-Abl tyrosine kinase activation is concomitant with FAK dephosphorylation in response to insulin, whereas c-Abl inhibition is accompanied by FAK phosphorylation in response to insulin, a response similar to that observed with IGF-I. Second, the c-Abl effects on insulin signaling are not observed in cells devoid of FAK (FAK(-/-) cells). Taken together these results suggest that c-Abl activation by insulin, via a modification of FAK response, may play an important role in directing mitogenic versus metabolic insulin receptor signaling.
authors.affiliation: Endocrinologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e di Medicina Specialistica, Università di Catania, Ospedale Garibaldi, Nesima, 95122 Catania, Italy. f.frasca@unict.it
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Frasca
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pandini
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Malaguarnera
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mandarino
authors.forename: Rosa Linda
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Messina
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sciacca
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Belfiore
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vigneri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001549:Benzamides; D002460:Cell Line; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016315:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010879:Piperazines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D011972:Receptor, Insulin; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; C496050:PTK2 protein, human; D016315:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl; C496051:Ptk2 protein, mouse; C000605506:GSK3B protein, human; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; C000605507:Gsk3b protein, mouse; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3