title: Tumor-suppressive activity of the cell death activator GRIM-19 on a constitutively active signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.
abstract: Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) was originally identified as a transcription factor that mediates cytokine-induced responses. In these pathways, Janus-activated kinase (JAK)-induced transient tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 promotes gene expression in response to a number of cytokines, which is inhibited by feedback mechanisms. A number of studies have shown that STAT3 is constitutively activated in human cancer cells, leading to cell proliferation. It is unclear, apart from a chronic tyrosyl phosphorylation of STAT3, what mechanisms contribute to the STAT3 deregulation in tumors. Earlier, we have isolated a novel growth inhibitory gene product, gene associated with retinoid-IFN-induced mortality 19 (GRIM-19), using a genetic approach. GRIM-19 is an IFN/retinoic acid-regulated growth suppressor. Subsequent analyses have shown that GRIM-19 binds to STAT3 and prevents interleukin-6-induced transcription of cellular genes. However, its effects on a constitutively active STAT3 and cellular transformation are unknown. In this study, we show that GRIM-19 suppresses constitutive STAT3-induced cellular transformation in vitro and in vivo by down-regulating the expression of a number of cellular genes involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Sudhakar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalakonda
authors.forename: Shreeram C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Nallar
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lindner
authors.forename: Jiadi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Sekhar P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: Dhananjaya V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Kalvakolanu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D016923:Cell Death; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D014212:Tretinoin; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; C439057:NDUFA13 protein, human