title: Do N-acetylcystein, beta-glucan, and coenzyme Q10 mollify myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  N-acetylcysteine, beta-glucan, and coenzyme Q10 have been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on reperfusion injury. The aim of our study was to determine and evaluate the effects of these agents on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four New Zealand white rabbits, all female, weighing 2.4 to 4.1 kg (mean, 3.6 kg) were used in the study. Four study groups of 11 animals were arranged by randomization. The groups were the control group (group C), a group premedicated with coenzyme Q10 (group Q), a group premedicated with beta-glucan (group betaT), and a group premedicated with N-acetylcysteine (group N). After exploration of the heart, a basal myocardial biopsy was taken from the anteroapical left ventricle, and the first blood sampling was done before ischemia. For the ischemia-reperfusion experiments, the major left anterior descending artery was occluded after baseline measurements. After a 45-minute transient ischemic period, the heart was perfused for 120 minutes. After perfusion, the second myocardial biopsy was taken from the anteroapical left ventricle, and the second blood sampling was done. Blood and tissue analysis were performed and evaluated statistically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline and reperfusion levels of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, malonyldialdehyde, and nitric oxide changed significantly. While malonyldialdehyde levels increased in group C, they decreased in the other study groups (P =.001). The increases in glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase levels were significant in all groups except group C (P =.0001 and P <.05, respectively). Levels of nitric oxide were found to be decreased in group C, whereas they increased in the other groups (P =.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antioxidant medication may help in lowering the risk of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. All the medications in our study are shown to have effective roles in preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury to some extent through their antioxidant properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. cbolcals@yahoo.com <cbolcals@yahoo.com>
authors.forename: Cengiz
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bolcal
authors.forename: Vedat
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: Suat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doganci
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sargin
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kuralay
authors.forename: Ertugrul
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozal
authors.forename: Ufuk
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Demirkilic
authors.forename: Bilgehan Savas
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Oz
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sayal
authors.forename: Harun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tatar
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003067:Coenzymes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011817:Rabbits; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003067:Coenzymes; D047071:beta-Glucans; D014451:Ubiquinone; C024989:coenzyme Q10; D000111:Acetylcysteine