title: Polymorphisms of genes for programmed cell death 1 ligands in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: To investigate the role of ligands for programmed cell death 1 (PD-L) in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 129 patients with RA and 125 unrelated healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The PD-L1 and PD-L2 polymorphisms were determined by the method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/direct sequencing or PCR/reaction fragment length polymorphisms. The genotype distributions of PD-L1 6777 C/G were not significantly different between the patients with RA and healthy controls. There was also no significant difference in the allele frequencies of PD-L1 6777 C/G polymorphisms between the patients with RA and controls. Similar findings could also be found in the phenotypes and alleles frequencies of PD-L2 47103 C/T and 47139 T/C polymorphisms between the patients with RA and controls. The patients with PD-L1 6777 G had higher prevalence of rheumatoid nodule in comparison with those without PD-L1 6777 G (p = 0.005, OR = 4.0, 95% CI = 1.5-10.9). In contrast, the PD-L2 47103 C/T and 47139 T/C polymorphisms were not related to the occurrence of rheumatoid nodule. This study demonstrated that the PD-L1 and PD-L2 polymorphisms were not associated with susceptibility to RA in Taiwan. PD-L1 6777 G was associated with the prevalence of rheumatoid nodule.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shu-Chen
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chia-Hui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ruei-Nian
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tsan-Teng
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.forename: Cheng-Chin
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wen-Chan
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Hong-Wen
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jeng-Hsien
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yen
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015995:Prevalence; D061027:Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Protein; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; D012218:Rheumatoid Nodule / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; C423236:CD274 protein, human; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008024:Ligands; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; C556977:PDCD1LG2 protein, human; D061027:Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Protein; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor