title: Nanosizing--oral formulation development and biopharmaceutical evaluation.
abstract: Poor aqueous solubility represents a major hurdle in achieving adequate oral bioavailability for a large percentage of drug compounds in drug development nowadays. Nanosizing refers to the reduction of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) particle size down to the sub-micron range, with the final particle size typically being 100-200 nm. The reduction of particle size leads to a significant increase in the dissolution rate of the API, which in turn can lead to substantial increases in bioavailability. This review describes the principles behind nanosizing, the production and characterization of nanoformulations as well as the current experience with utilization of such formulations in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Research, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, USA. filippos_kesisoglou@merck.com
authors.forename: Filippos
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kesisoglou
authors.forename: Santipharp
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panmai
authors.forename: Yunhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods*; D004341:Drug Evaluation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D010316:Particle Size; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D010600:Pharmacology
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations