title: Differences in smoking patterns among women smokers with childhood versus later onset of weight problems.
abstract: We hypothesized that among overweight women smokers, those with Childhood Onset weight problems may be more likely to engage in unhealthy eating and dieting behaviors, including smoking to control weight. Data were collapsed from 89 currently overweight (BMI> or =25) women smokers who were recruited to participate in smoking research projects that focused on weight, body image, and food intake. We compared those who reported first becoming overweight before Junior High School (n=22) with those who recalled first experiencing weight problems during Junior High School or later (n=67). Women with Childhood Onset weight problems reported first trying cigarettes at a significantly younger age than those with Later Onset (13 vs. 15 years of age, respectively), and they reported more nicotine withdrawal symptoms during smoking abstinence, with a significantly greater likelihood of endorsing anger/irritability and trouble concentrating. No group differences were evident for cigarettes per day or other indicators of nicotine dependence (e.g., FTND). Although it is unclear whether having weight problems during childhood contributes directly to smoking initiation, our results provide evidence that Childhood Onset weight problems may serve as a marker for earlier smoking experimentation and may also complicate cessation efforts due to their association with elevated withdrawal symptomatology. Future longitudinal studies with prospective measures of weight, dieting, and smoking initiation may be helpful in establishing causal pathways in different subgroups of smokers.
authors.affiliation: Eastern Michigan University, Psychology Department, Ypsilanti, Michigan, USA. ksaules@emich.edu
authors.forename: Karen K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Saules
authors.forename: Michele D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Marsha D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.forename: Cynthia S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Pomerleau
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001828:Body Image; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D009538:Nicotine / Q000009:adverse effects; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D050177:Overweight; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine