The acute stress-induced immunoenhancement hypothesis.
Acute stress, such as a bout of exercise, is accepted to cause an array of immunologic changes. Recently, it has been proposed that acute stress activation of the innate immune system might be harnessed as an adjuvant to enhance immune responses to antigen challenge. This review develops the acute stress-induced immunoenhancement hypothesis and its possible role as a vaccine adjuvant.
Edwards
Kate M
KM
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0804, USA. kmedwards@ucsd.edu
Burns
Victoria E
VE
Carroll
Douglas
D
Drayson
Mark
M
Ring
Christopher
C
D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000378:metabolism*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000276:immunology*
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D007252:Influenza Vaccines