title: Increased Cyfra 21-1 concentration in saliva from primary oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Saliva is the body fluid in the oral cavity and contacts directly with oral mucosa. As a detective media, it is acceptable and non-traumatic. Cyfra 21-1, being the soluble fragment of cytokeratin 19(CK19), correlates well with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the saliva Cyfra 21-1 concentrations in OSCC patients and healthy persons, and the correlation between the Cyfra 21-1 concentration in saliva and the CK19 expression in tissue from OSCC patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Saliva Cyfra 21-1 concentration was detected by ELISA in 30 OSCC patients and 30 healthy persons; CK19 protein expression and CK19 mRNA level were, respectively, detected by immunohistochemistry and fluorescent real-time RT-PCR in cancerous and paracancerous tissues from 33 OSCC patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Saliva Cyfra 21-1 concentration in OSCC patients (85.95+/-78.00 microg/L) was significantly higher than that in healthy persons (42.27+/-40.84 microg/L) (P=0.009); it was also significantly higher in the patients suffering later tumour recurrence (130.95+/-66.38 microg/L) than that in the patients without tumour recurrence (74.84+/-63.45 microg/L) (P=0.023). CK19 protein expression increased significantly in OSCC tissues (P<0.001) with positive rate of 90.9%, CK19 mRNA level in cancerous tissues was 2.21 folds higher than that in paracancerous tissues (P=0.020); significant correlation was found between tissue CK19 protein expression and tissue CK19 mRNA level (P=0.003), and great correlation was found between tissue CK19 protein expression and saliva Cyfra 21-1 concentration (P=0.051).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increased CK19 expression in OSCC tissues plays an important role in the increase of saliva Cyfra 21-1 concentration. Potential clinical value of saliva Cyfra 21-1 detection is suggested for OSCC. Further studies are encouraged to reveal the real diagnostic and prognostic value of detecting saliva Cyfra 21-1 concentration for OSCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639 Zhizaoju Rd., Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Lai-ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Chen-ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jia-wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wan-tao
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhi-yuan
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053539:Keratin-19 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D007633:Keratins / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012372:ROC Curve; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D053539:Keratin-19; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C102012:antigen CYFRA21.1; D007633:Keratins