title: A Quality Use of Medicines program for general practitioners and older people: a cluster randomised controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effectiveness of an educational Quality Use of Medicines program, delivered at the level of general practice, on medicines use, falls and quality of life in people aged > or = 65 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cluster randomised controlled trial conducted in 2002.
  
  
  METHODS
  General practices in the Hunter Region, New South Wales, Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty general practitioners recruited 849 patients to participate in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Education (academic detailing, provision of prescribing information and feedback); medication risk assessment; facilitation of medication review; financial incentives.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  a composite score reflecting use of benzodiazepines, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and thiazide diuretics; secondary measures: use of medication reviews, occurrence of falls, quality of life (as assessed by SF-12 and EQ-5D survey scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the control group, participants in the intervention group had increased odds of having an improved medication use composite score (odds ratio [OR], 1.86; 95% CI, 1.21-2.85) at 4-month follow-up but not at 12 months. At 4-month follow-up, the intervention group had reduced odds of using NSAIDs (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.39-0.99) and showed a non-significant reduction in use of benzodiazepines (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.20-1.30) and thiazide diuretics (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.48-1.01). Changes in drug use were not significant at 12-month follow-up. At 12 months, intervention-group participants had lower adjusted ORs (AORs) for having a fall (AOR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.41-0.91), injury (AOR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.32-0.96), and injury requiring medical attention (AOR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.30-0.70). Quality-of-life scores were unaffected by the intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Education and systems for medication review conducted by GPs can be used to improve use of medicines. These interventions are associated with a reduction in falls among older people, without adverse effects on quality of life.
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Practice and Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. sabrina.pit@newcastle.edu.au
authors.forename: Sabrina W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Pit
authors.forename: Julie E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Byles
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.forename: Vibeke
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Deborah A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bowman
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000368:Aged; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D017723:Drug Utilization Review / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005194:Family Practice / Q000193:education*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009517:New South Wales; D010601:Pharmacology, Clinical / Q000193:education*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011788:Quality of Life