title: Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor status is a critical determinant of therapeutic response in prostate cancer cells.
abstract: The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (RB), a critical mediator of cell cycle progression, is functionally inactivated in the majority of human cancers, including prostatic adenocarcinoma. The importance of RB tumor suppressor function in this disease is evident because 25% to 50% of prostatic adenocarcinomas harbor aberrations in RB pathway. However, no previous studies challenged the consequence of RB inactivation on tumor cell proliferation or therapeutic response. Here, we show that RB depletion facilitates deregulation of specific E2F target genes, but does not confer a significant proliferative advantage in the presence of androgen. However, RB-deficient cells failed to elicit a cytostatic response (compared with RB proficient isogenic controls) when challenged with androgen ablation, AR antagonist, or combined androgen blockade. These data indicate that RB deficiency can facilitate bypass of first-line hormonal therapies used to treat prostate cancer. Given the established effect of RB on DNA damage checkpoints, these studies were then extended to determine the impact of RB depletion on the response to cytotoxic agents used to treat advanced disease. In this context, RB-deficient prostate cancer cells showed enhanced susceptibility to cell death induced by only a selected subset of cytotoxic agents (antimicrotubule agents and a topoisomerase inhibitor). Combined, these data indicate that RB depletion dramatically alters the cellular response to therapeutic intervention in prostate cancer cells and suggest that RB status could potentially be developed as a marker for effectively directing therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0521, USA.
authors.forename: Ankur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Clay E S
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Comstock
authors.forename: Erik S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Knudsen
authors.forename: Khanh H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Janet K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Hess-Wilson
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Morey
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barrera
authors.forename: Karen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Knudsen
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002453:Cell Cycle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine