title: Allose gallates suppress expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines through attenuation of NF-kappaB in human mast cells.
abstract: Gallotannins are plant-derived, water-soluble polyphenols with wide-ranging biological activities. Mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation is known to cause many diseases such as asthma, sinusitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Mast cells induce synthesis and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and IL-6 with immune regulatory properties. Expression of inflammatory cytokines is mainly regulated by a transcription factor, nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB. In the present study, the effect of eight gallotannins on the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NF-kappaB activation was investigated in human mast cell line (HMC-1). HMC-1 cells were sensitized by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore (A23187). Among the eight gallotannins from EUPHORBIA species, three gallotannins such as 1,2,3,4,6-penta- O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose, 1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-beta-D-allopyanose, and 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-beta-D-allopyranose suppressed the gene expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, these three gallotannins blocked the activation of NF-kappaB as indicated by an NF-kappaB-dependent gene reporter assay. We conclude that these gallotannins may have potential for the treatment of inflammatory diseases through the down-regulation of NF-kappaB-mediated activation of mast cells.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Kyongsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyo-Hyun
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jung-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeong-Ah
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yeo Hyang
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chang-Duk
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: Sang-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D028481:Euphorbia; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts