title: Vaccination with a DNA vaccine based on human PSCA and HSP70 adjuvant enhances the antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell response and inhibits the PSCA+ tumors growth in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  DNA vaccines have been shown to be an effective approach to induce antigen-specific cellular and humoral immunity. However, the lower immune intensity in clinical trials limits the application of DNA vaccine. Here we intend to develop a new DNA vaccine based on prostate stem-cell antigen (PSCA), which has been suggested as a potential target for prostate cancer therapy, and enhance the DNA vaccine potency with heat shock proteins (HSPs) as adjuvant.
  
  
  METHODS
  A series of DNA plasmids encoding human PSCA, human HSP70 and their conjugates was constructed and injected into male mice intramuscularly (i.m.). To evaluate the immune responses and therapeutic efficacy of these plasmids, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted PSCA and HSP70-specific epitopes were predicted and a mouse model with a human PSCA-expressing tumor was constructed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The result showed that mice vaccinated with PSCA-HSP plasmids generated the strongest PSCA-specific CD8+ T-cell immune response, but the CD4+ TH1 and TH2 cell immune responses were similar with those vaccinated with other HSP-adjuvant PSCA plasmids or only PSCA DNA. The immunity of HSP70 was also observed and the mice i.m. injected with PSCA+ HSP mixed plasmids generated the lowest anti-HSP antibodies. Furthermore, these vaccinations inhibited the growth of PSCA-expressing tumors and prolonged mouse survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations emphasize and extend the potential of the human HSP70 gene as adjuvant for DNA vaccines, and the vaccine based on PSCA and HSP70 is of potential value for treating prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongdajie, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China.
authors.forename: Xiaopeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Changming
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Shaoqiong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Shuling
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C110843:PSCA protein, human; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen