title: High-risk behaviors and hospitalizations among gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB) users.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about behaviors linked to gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB) morbidity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We surveyed 131 GHB users, using logistic regression to test the associations between the high risk behaviors and hospital treatment for GHB (26 [20%] of subjects).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Increased risk of GHB hospital treatment was associated with: co-ingestion of ethanol (OR 5.2; 95% CI 1.7-16), driving under the influence of GHB (OR 3.2; 95%, CI 1.3-7.8),use of GHB to treat withdrawal symptoms (OR 2.9; 95% CI 1.1-7.9), and co-ingestion of ketamine (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.1-6.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Targeted prevention activities could focus on selected high-risk behaviors.
authors.affiliation: California Poison Control System, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-1369, USA. susank@calpoison.org
authors.forename: Susan Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ilene B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Jo Ellen
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Dyer
authors.forename: Judith C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Blanc
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000430:Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium / Q000453:epidemiology; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D000700:Analgesics; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000633:toxicity*; D007649:Ketamine; D008297:Male; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012978:Sodium Oxybate / Q000633:toxicity*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D007649:Ketamine; D012978:Sodium Oxybate