Pathogenesis and management of HIV/TB co-infection in Asia.
HIV infection increases the risk of reactivation of latent tuberculosis (TB), progression of a new infection or re-infection to active disease, and acceleration of the natural course of the disease with a more rapid spread of strains, including those that are drug resistant, in the community. TB also accelerates the course of HIV-induced disease by activating viral replication and accentuating the decline in CD4 T cell counts. In this chapter, TB-HIV co-infection is discussed in the context of the situation in Vietnam, particularly Ho Chi Minh City, the creation of a well-integrated TB control and research programs in Cambodia, and the broad principles of the co-management of TB/HIV particularly in the context of the associated atypical forms of pulmonary TB (PTB), increased non-PTB and the frequency of acid fast smear negative cases.
Goldfeld
Anne
A
CBR Institute and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA; The Cambodian Health Committee, Cambodia.
Ellner
Jerrold J
JJ
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002160:Cambodia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006678:HIV / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents