title: The relationship between work hours and utilization of general practitioners in four Canadian provinces.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether long work hours act as a barrier to accessing general practitioner (GP) services.
  
  
  METHODS
  Secondary data from the 1996/1997 National Population Health Survey (NPHS) and administrative health services utilization data from four Canadian provinces.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was cross-sectional, however, employment variables and GP utilization were reflective of the 12-month period preceding the NPHS interview date. Negative binomial regression was used to model the relationship between the number of GP visits in a 1-year period and employment-related variables while adjusting for other determinants of GP utilization including education, income, and health status.
  
  
  METHODS
  NPHS and administrative data were linked to create an analysis file.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with long, standard work hours (>45 hours/week, with most hours during the day) had significantly lower GP utilization rates compared with full-time workers. White-collar workers with long work hours visited a GP significantly less often than white-collar workers with regular hours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long work hours may act as a nonfinancial barrier to accessing GP services independent of health status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health & Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, c/o 5980 University Avenue, Room G-7105.1, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4N1.
authors.forename: Deshayne B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Fell
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kephart
authors.forename: Lori J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Curtis
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bower
authors.forename: Nazeem
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Muhajarine
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002170:Canada; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005194:Family Practice / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations; D009819:Office Visits / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010821:Physicians, Family; D013997:Time Factors; D016526:Workload