title: Evaluation of antiviral activity of South American plant extracts against herpes simplex virus type 1 and rabies virus.
abstract: This paper describes the screening of different South American plant extracts and fractions. Aqueous and organic extracts were prepared and tested for antiherpetic (HSV-1, KOS and 29R strains) and antirabies (PV strain) activities. The evaluation of the potential antiviral activity of these extracts was performed by using an MTT assay for HSV-1, and by a viral cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibitory method for rabies virus (RV). The results were expressed as 50% cytotoxicity (CC(50)) for MTT assay and 50% effective (EC(50)) concentrations for CPE, and with them it was possible to calculate the selectivity indices (SI = CC(50)/EC(50)) of each tested material. From the 18 extracts/fractions tested, six extracts and four fractions showed antiviral action. Ilex paraguariensis, Lafoensia pacari, Passiflora edulis, Rubus imperialis and Slonea guianensis showed values of SI > 7 against HSV-1 KOS and 29-R strains and Alamanda schottii showed a SI of 5.6 against RV, PV strain.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, CCS, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Juliana H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chávez
authors.forename: Flávio H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Reginatto
authors.forename: Silvana M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Zucolotto
authors.forename: Rivaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Niero
authors.forename: Dionezine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: Rosendo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Yunes
authors.forename: Eloir P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Schenkel
authors.forename: Célia R M
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Barardi
authors.forename: Carlos R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Zanetti
authors.forename: Cláudia M O
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Simões
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D011820:Rabies virus / Q000187:drug effects*; D013020:South America
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts