title: New protocol of clomiphene citrate treatment in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if a new protocol of administration of clomiphene citrate (CC) is effective in menstrual cycle recovery in women with hypothalamic secondary amenorrhea.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an open-label study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients comprised a group of eight women with secondary amenorrhea. Interventions. An oral preparation containing CC (50 mg/day) was administered for 5 days followed by a double dose (100 mg/day) for another 5 days, initiated on day 3 after estrogen/progestogen-induced withdrawal bleeding. If ovulation and vaginal bleeding occurred, treatment continued in the two next months with 100 mg/day from day 3 to day 7 day of the cycle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cycle control was evaluated at each visit, when patients recorded bleeding patterns and tablet intake. Data on the intensity and duration of bleeding were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six patients responded to the first cycle of CC administration, resuming normal menstrual cycles. The other two patients failed to menstruate after the first 10 days of treatment with CC and repeated the same protocol. After the second administration, these two women also had normal menstrual bleeding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present data show that this new protocol of CC treatment may be useful to restore normal menstrual cycles in young women with hypothalamic amenorrhea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Lavinia Estrela
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morgante
authors.forename: Maria Concetta
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Musacchio
authors.forename: Felice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Petraglia
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Leo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000568:Amenorrhea / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007027:Hypothalamic Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D006728:Hormones; D002996:Clomiphene