Social factors, psychopathology, and maternal smoking during pregnancy.
We investigated the relative importance of sociodemographic factors and psychiatric disorders for smoking among 453 pregnant women in the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Women with less than a high school education and those with current-year nicotine dependence had the highest risk of smoking (90.5%), compared with women with a college degree and without nicotine dependence (3.9%). More effective and accessible interventions for nicotine dependence among pregnant smokers are needed.
Gilman
Stephen E
SE
Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA. sgilman@hsph.harvard.edu
Breslau
Joshua
J
Subramanian
S V
SV
Hitsman
Brian
B
Koenen
Karestan C
KC
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008429:Maternal Welfare; D008875:Middle Aged; D009538:Nicotine; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D012931:Social Environment; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
D009538:Nicotine