title: A pathogenic role for JNK signaling in experimental anti-GBM glomerulonephritis.
abstract: Activation of the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway is involved in the immune response; however, little is known of its role in immune-induced renal injury. In this study, we examine JNK signaling in the rat anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease model using CC-401, a specific JNK inhibitor. Animals were given CC-401, vehicle alone or no treatment starting before anti-GBM serum injection and continued treatment until killing. In acute disease, CC-401 blocked JNK signaling and reduced proteinuria in the first 24 h. The transient neutrophil influx seen at 3 h of disease was not affected, however. Continued CC-401 treatment suppressed glomerular and tubulointerstitial damage usually seen at 14 days. The protective effect may be due to modulation of macrophage activation, as CC-401 had no effect upon glomerular macrophage infiltration at day 14 despite the suppression of glomerular lesions and a marked reduction in renal tumor necrosis factor-alpha and inducible nitric oxide synthase messenger RNA levels. Treatment with CC-401 had no apparent effect on T cell or humoral immune responses. These studies suggest that JNK signaling promotes renal injury in acute and progressive rat anti-GBM disease. JNK inhibitors may be a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of human glomerulonephritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Flanc
authors.forename: F Y
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Tesch
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Atkins
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: J-H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Nikolic-Paterson
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D019867:Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D047069:Pyrazolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C525250:CC 401; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D047069:Pyrazolones; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases