title: Phenotype frequencies of autosomal minor histocompatibility antigens display significant differences among populations.
abstract: Minor histocompatibility (H) antigens are allogeneic target molecules having significant roles in alloimmune responses after human leukocyte antigen-matched solid organ and stem cell transplantation (SCT). Minor H antigens are instrumental in the processes of transplant rejection, graft-versus-host disease, and in the curative graft-versus-tumor effect of SCT. The latter characteristic enabled the current application of selected minor H antigens in clinical immunotherapeutic SCT protocols. No information exists on the global phenotypic distribution of the currently identified minor H antigens. Therefore, an estimation of their overall impact in human leukocyte antigen-matched solid organ and SCT in the major ethnic populations is still lacking. For the first time, a worldwide phenotype frequency analysis of ten autosomal minor H antigens was executed by 31 laboratories and comprised 2,685 randomly selected individuals from six major ethnic populations. Significant differences in minor H antigen frequencies were observed between the ethnic populations, some of which appeared to be geographically correlated.
authors.affiliation: Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. eric.spierings@lumc.nl
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Spierings
authors.forename: Matthijs
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.forename: Léna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Absi
authors.forename: Angelica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Canossi
authors.forename: Sonal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chhaya
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Crowley
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dolstra
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Eliaou
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Enczmann
authors.forename: Maria E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Fasano
authors.forename: Thibaut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gervais
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gorodezky
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kircher
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Laurin
authors.forename: Mary S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Leffell
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Loiseau
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malkki
authors.forename: Miroslaw
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markiewicz
authors.forename: Miryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martinetti
authors.forename: Etsuko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maruya
authors.forename: Narinder
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mehra
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oguz
authors.forename: Machteld
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oudshoorn
authors.forename: Noemi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Rajni
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rani
authors.forename: Ruhena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sergeant
authors.forename: Jackie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.forename: Thuong Hien
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Turpeinen
authors.forename: Kuo-Liang
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zunec
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrington
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Knijff
authors.forename: Els
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goulmy
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens