title: Preventive doping control analysis: liquid and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry for detection of designer steroids.
abstract: A new combined doping control screening method for the analysis of anabolic steroids in human urine using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LCoaTOFMS) and gas chromatography/electron ionization orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCoaTOFMS) has been developed in order to acquire accurate full scan MS data to be used to detect designer steroids. The developed method allowed the detection of representative prohibited substances, in addition to steroids, at concentrations of 10 ng/mL for anabolic agents and metabolites, 30 ng/mL for corticosteroids, 500 ng/mL for stimulants and beta-blockers, 250 ng/mL for diuretics, and 200 ng/mL for narcotics. Sample preparation was based on liquid-liquid extraction of hydrolyzed human urine, and the final extract was analyzed as trimethylsilylated derivatives in GCoaTOFMS and underivatized in LCoaTOFMS in positive ion mode. The sensitivity, mass accuracy, advantages and limitations of the developed method are presented.
authors.affiliation: Doping Control Laboratory of Athens, Olympic Athletic Center of Athens Spiros Louis, 37 Kifissias Ave., 151 23 Maroussi, Greece. oaka@ath.forthnet.gr
authors.forename: Costas G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Georgakopoulos
authors.forename: Ariadni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vonaparti
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stamou
authors.forename: Polyxeni
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kiousi
authors.forename: Emmanouil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lyris
authors.forename: Yiannis S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Angelis
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tsoupras
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wuest
authors.forename: Michel W F
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Nielen
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Panderi
authors.forename: Michalis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koupparis
mesh_terms: D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000652:urine*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D015198:Designer Drugs / Q000032:analysis*; D004300:Doping in Sports / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D013256:Steroids / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents; D015198:Designer Drugs; D013256:Steroids