title: Plasma adiponectin concentration in patients after successful kidney transplantation--a single-center, observational study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adiponectin is an anti-inflammatory protein secreted almost exclusively by adipocytes which improves insulin sensitivity and presents antiatherogenic properties. Plasma adiponectin concentration is almost 3 times higher in hemodialysis patients and markedly decreased after successful kidney transplantation. However, until now, there are no studies analyzing plasma adiponectin concentration in kidney transplant patients (KTx) during the long-term period after transplantation. Therefore, the aim of present study was to examine plasma adiponectin concentration in KTx patients during the wide range of time after transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single center, cross-sectional study including 228 KTx adult recipients (143 M and 85 F) with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) > or = 15 ml/min, 80 hemodialysis patients (34 M and 46 F) and 52 healthy subjects (33 M and 19 F). Plasma adiponectin concentration was estimated together with HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index) and plasma lipid profile.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In KTx patients plasma adiponectin concentration 14.0 (13.1-15.0) microg/ml was significantly (p < 0.001), lower than in hemodialysis ones 29.0 (24.7-33.3) microg/ml, however, significantly (p < 0.001) higher than in healthy subjects 10.1 (8.8-11.5) microg/ml. Among KTx patients the highest plasma adiponectin concentration was observed in the subgroup of patients surviving with the functioning graft more than 8 years after transplantation. In KTx patients, significant, negative correlations were found between plasma adiponectin concentration and BMI (p = 0.017), HOMA-IR (p = 0.02) and estimated GFR (p < 0.009), respectively. Multiple regression analysis performed in the group of KTx patients, with plasma adiponectin concentration as the dependent variable and BMI, age, gender, estimated GFR as independent variables showed that in this model (R2 = 0.09) plasma adiponectin concentration significantly depends on BMI (p = 0.035), gender (p = 0.004) and eGFR (p = 0.023).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with long-term renal graft survival are characterized by a higher plasma adiponectin concentration. Kidney graft function (assessed as estimated GFR) is an important factor influencing plasma adiponectin concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adamczak
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szotowska
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chudek
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karkoszka
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cierpka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wieçek
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents