title: Parallel decrease of tissue factor surface exposure and increase of tissue factor microparticle release by the n-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoate in endothelial cells.
abstract: Tissue factor (TF) is expressed on the endothelium in response to inflammatory mediators, giving endothelial cells a pro-thrombotic phenotype. Since fish-derived n-3 fatty acids (FA) have been associated with reduced incidence of myocardial infarction, we investigated the endothelial effects of the most abundant n-3 FA, docosahexaenoate (DHA), on TF expression. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were pre-incubated with DHA (or stearate and arachidonate as controls) for 48-72 hours, and then stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Pre-incubation of endothelial cells with DHA (but not stearate or arachidonate) concentration-dependently reduced surface protein exposure, independent of TF mRNA or total protein expression regulation. Conversely, DHA treatment in conjunction with activating stimuli, induced the release of endothelial TF-exposing microparticles from endothelial cells, quantitatively accounting for the decreased TF cell surface exposure. In conclusion, DHA treatment, with a time-course consistent with its incorporation in membrane phospholipids, increases the release of TF-exposing microparticles from endothelial cells, accounting for decreased endothelial cell TF surface exposure, thus potentially modifying the overall endothelial control of microparticle-related effects.
authors.affiliation: C.N.R. Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Del Turco
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Basta
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lazzerini
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Evangelista
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rainaldi
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tanganelli
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camera
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tremoli
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Caterina
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D013925:Thromboplastin