title: The effect of walking and vitamin B supplementation on quality of life in community-dwelling adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized, controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of walking and vitamin B supplementation on quality-of-life (QoL) in community-dwelling adults with mild cognitive impairment.
  
  
  METHODS
  One year, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants were randomized to: (1) twice-weekly, group-based, moderate-intensity walking program (n = 77) or a light-intensity placebo activity program (n = 75); and (2) daily vitamin B pills containing 5 mg folic acid, 0.4 mg B12, 50 mg B6 (n = 78) or placebo pills (n = 74). QoL was measured at baseline, after six and 12 months using the population-specific Dementia Quality-of-Life (D-QoL) to assess overall QoL and the generic Short-Form 12 mental and physical component scales (SF12-MCS and SF12-PCS) to assess health-related QoL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline levels of QoL were relatively high. Modified intention-to-treat analyses revealed no positive main intervention effect of walking or vitamin supplementation. In both men and women, ratings of D-QoL-belonging and D-QoL-positive affect subscales improved with 0.003 (P = 0.04) and 0.002 points (P = 0.06) with each percent increase in attendance to the walking program. Only in men, SF12-MCS increased with 0.03 points with each percent increase in attendance (P = 0.08).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Several small but significant improvements in QoL were observed with increasing attendance to the walking program. No effect of vitamin B supplementation was observed.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number Register, 19227688, http://www.controlled-trials.com/isrctn/.
authors.affiliation: Body@Work, Research Center Physical Activity, Work and Health, TNO-VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jannique G Z
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: van Uffelen
authors.forename: Marijke J M
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Chin A Paw
authors.forename: Marijke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hopman-Rock
authors.forename: Willem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: van Mechelen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003071:Cognition; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D003153:Community Health Services; D003704:Dementia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009752:Nutritional Status; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014803:Vitamin B Complex / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016138:Walking
chemical_list: D014803:Vitamin B Complex