title: Asymptomatic bacteriuria in users of intrauterine devices.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria in women who use intrauterine devices (IUDs) as a contraceptive method with subjects who use tubal ligation (TL).
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort study was conducted on women who were candidates for IUD insertion or TL (control). The patients were followed for 3 months, and urine cultures were assessed for bacteriuria at the end of the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 131 women (mean age, 31.9 +/- 4.25 years) in the IUD group and 78 (mean age, 32.1 +/- 4.0 years) in the control group were studied. The parity score was 2 or more in 72% of the women in the IUD group and in 74% of the controls. The average intercourse frequency was twice per week in 82% of IUD users and 80% of controls. Fifty-seven percent of the women in the IUD group and 55% of the women in the control group had graduated secondary school (high school). Asymptomatic bacteriuria was detected in 13 IUD users (9.9%) and in 1 woman (1.3%) in the control group (risk ratio = 7.74, confidence interval: 1.03 to 58.03; P = .019). The detected microorganism in the urine culture was Escherichia coli in 12 IUD users and in 1 patient in control group. Klebsiella was found in 1 IUD user.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of an IUD is a risk factor for urinary tract infection and should be considered, especially in women with recurrent urinary tract infections.
authors.affiliation: Infertility and Reproductive Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. m_fallahian@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Masoumeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fallahian
authors.forename: Esmat
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mashhady
authors.forename: Zohreh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Amiri