title: The cannabinoid agonist WIN55212 reduces brain damage in an in vivo model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in newborn rats.
abstract: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) is a devastating condition for which effective therapeutic treatments are still unavailable. Cannabinoids emerge as neuroprotective substances in adult animal studies; therefore, we aimed herein to test whether cannabinoids might reduce brain damage induced by hypoxiaischemia (HI) in newborn rats. Thus, 7-d-old Wistar rats (P7) were exposed to 8% O2 for 120 min after left carotid artery ligature, then received s.c. vehicle (VEH) (HI+VEH), the cannabinoid agonist WIN55212 (WIN) (0.1 mg/kg), or WIN with the CB1 or CB2 receptor antagonist SR141617 (SR1) (3 mg/kg) or SR141588 (SR2) (2 mg/kg). Brain damage was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 1, 3, and 7 d after the insult. At the end of the experiment, MRI findings were corroborated by histology (Nissl staining). HI+VEH showed an area of cytotoxic and vasogenic edema at 24 h after the insult, then evolving to necrosis. HI+WIN showed a similar damaged area at 24 h after the insult, but the final necrotic area was reduced by 66%. Coadministration of either SR1 or SR2 reversed the effects of WIN. In conclusion, likely by activating CB1 and CB2 receptors, WIN afforded robust neuroprotection in newborn rats after HI.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fernández-López
authors.forename: M Ruth
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pazos
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Tolón
authors.forename: M Angeles
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Moro
authors.forename: Julián
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lizasoain
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martínez-Orgado
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D048588:Benzoxazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D002186:Cannabinoids / Q000819:agonists* / Q000378:metabolism; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D048588:Benzoxazines; D002186:Cannabinoids; D009025:Morpholines; D009281:Naphthalenes; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C070417:(3R)-((2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-((4-morpholinyl)methyl)pyrrolo-(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl)(1-naphthalenyl))methanone