title: Risk of type 2 diabetes attributable to C-reactive protein and other risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To calculate the population-attributable risk (PAR) of C-reactive protein (CRP) and other risk factors for type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Rotterdam Study is a population-based, prospective follow-up study among 7,983 participants aged > or = 55 years. Risk factors including serum CRP were determined at baseline. Participants with diabetes at baseline were excluded, and the cohort was followed for a mean of 10.8 years. The hazard ratio (HR) and PAR for diabetes were computed for all studied risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum CRP > 1 mg/l (HR 1.67, PAR 0.33), BMI > 25 kg/m2 (HR 2.51, PAR 0.51), waist circumference > 102 for men and > 88 cm for women (HR 1.36, PAR 0.14), current smoking (HR 1.16, PAR 0.03), age > 65 years (HR 1.35, PAR 0.15), and family history of diabetes (HR 1.87, PAR 0.16) were related to diabetes and contributed to the risk of the disease. Serum CRP was a greater contributor to the risk of diabetes in women than in men (PAR values of 0.37 vs. 0.28, respectively). Age and current smoking PARs were not statistically significantly contributing to the risk of diabetes in women. Combined PAR was 0.80 (95% CI 0.74-0.85) for all six studied risk factors and 0.71 (0.64-0.78) for modifiable risk factors (serum CRP, BMI, waist circumference, and current smoking).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High CRP is one of the major contributors to the risk of type 2 diabetes. The contribution of modifiable risk factors to the risk of diabetes is considerable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dehghan
authors.forename: Mandy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Hoek
authors.forename: Eric J G
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Sijbrands
authors.forename: Theo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stijnen
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.forename: Jacqueline C M
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Witteman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D050177:Overweight; D018579:Patient Selection; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein