title: Inhibitory effects of foods and polyphenols on activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor induced by diesel exhaust particles.
abstract: The toxicity of endocrine disrupters is involved in the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). We examined the toxicity of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) using the Ah immunoassay (Ah-I) to study the inhibitory effects of various foods and polyphenols on DEP-induced AhR activation. The toxicity equivalent of DEP was 6,479 +/-58 ng dioxin toxicity equivalent/g (DEQ/g). The relationship between DEP dose and AhR activation was linear up to 27.8 microg/ml. Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) had the strongest inhibitory effect on DEP-induced AhR activation. Quercetin, a major polyphenol in onions, and GBE showed a strong inhibitory effect. These results show that the DEP-induced AhR activation can be assessed using Ah-I and that the assay is suitable for determining the dioxin toxicity equivalent of DEP. In addition, Ah-I is also effective for screening food and its components that inhibit DEP-induced AhR activation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, 58-1 Mase, Hamadate, Aomori 030-8505, Japan. h_izawa@auhw.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Izawa
authors.forename: Gen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taya
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sagai
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D028241:Camellia sinensis; D004147:Dioxins / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005737:Garlic; D020441:Ginkgo biloba; D019697:Onions; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon / Q000819:agonists* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D004147:Dioxins; D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; D001335:Vehicle Emissions