title: Prevalence and level of Listeria monocytogenes and other Listeria species in retail pre-packaged mixed vegetable salads in the UK.
abstract: As part of the European Commission (EC) co-ordinated programme for 2005, a study of pre-packaged ready-to-eat (RTE) mixed salads containing meat or seafood ingredients from retail premises was undertaken in the UK to determine the frequency and level of Listeria monocytogenes in these products. Almost all (99.8%; 2682/2686) samples were of satisfactory/acceptable microbiological quality. Two (0.1%) samples exceeded EC legal food safety criteria due to the presence of L. monocytogenes in excess of 100 cfu g(-1) (1.7 x 10(2), 9.9 x 10(2)cfu g(-1)) while another two (0.1%) were unsatisfactory due to L. welshimeri levels over 100 cfu g(-1) (1.2 x 10(3), 6.0 x 10(3) cfu g(-1)). Overall contamination of Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes found in samples of mixed salads in the UK was 10.8% and 4.8%, respectively. Almost twice as many salad samples with meat ingredients were contaminated with Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes (14.7% and 6.0%, respectively) compared to samples with seafood ingredients (7.4% and 3.8%, respectively). Pre-packaged mixed salads were contaminated with Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes more frequently when: collected from sandwich shops; not packaged on the premises; stored or displayed above 8 degrees C. This study demonstrates that the control of L. monocytogenes in food manufacturing and at retail sale is essential in order to minimize the potential for this bacterium to be present in mixed salads at the point of consumption at levels hazardous to health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Infections, Health Protection Agency, HPA Centre for Infections, London, UK. christine.little@hpa.org.uk
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Little
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sagoo
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Gillespie
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McLauchlin
mesh_terms: D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D005516:Food Microbiology; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D006920:Hygiene; D008087:Listeria / Q000254:growth & development; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000254:growth & development*; D008461:Meat Products / Q000382:microbiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011786:Quality Control; D017747:Seafood / Q000382:microbiology; D006113:United Kingdom; D014675:Vegetables / Q000382:microbiology*