title: Comprehensive characterization of the cis-regulatory code responsible for the spatio-temporal expression of olSix3.2 in the developing medaka forebrain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Embryonic development is coordinated by sets of cis-regulatory elements that are collectively responsible for the precise spatio-temporal organization of regulatory gene networks. There is little information on how these elements, which are often associated with highly conserved noncoding sequences, are combined to generate precise gene expression patterns in vertebrates. To address this issue, we have focused on Six3, an important regulator of vertebrate forebrain development.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using computational analysis and exploiting the diversity of teleost genomes, we identified a cluster of highly conserved noncoding sequences surrounding the Six3 gene. Transgenesis in medaka fish demonstrates that these sequences have enhancer, silencer, and silencer blocker activities that are differentially combined to control the entire distribution of Six3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report provides the first example of the precise regulatory code necessary for the expression of a vertebrate gene, and offers a unique framework for defining the interplay of trans-acting factors that control the evolutionary conserved use of Six3.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurobiología Celular, Molecular y del Desarrollo, Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Dr Arce, Madrid 28002, Spain.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Conte
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bovolenta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D016678:Genome; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D038081:Organogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D009990:Oryzias / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics; D016548:Prosencephalon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000196:embryology*; D050436:Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional; D037941:Silencer Elements, Transcriptional; D000097607:Homeobox Protein SIX3
chemical_list: D005136:Eye Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000097607:Homeobox Protein SIX3