title: Twin efficiency for reproductive variables in monozygotic twin sheep.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine whether the number of animals used in experiments examining reproductive variables could be reduced without loss of statistical efficiency by using monozygotic twin (MT) sheep. In a series of four experiments, we measured the reproductive responses to changes in nutritional, opioidergic, and calcium status and calculated values for twin efficiency (TE) for each variable. In Experiment 1, we monitored the changes in gonadotrophin and testosterone secretion, scrotal circumference and live weight, of MT rams after an acute change in nutritional regime. In Experiment 2, we examined the changes in ovulation rate and gonadotrophin secretion in MT ewes following treatment with bovine follicular fluid. In Experiment 3, we determined responses to naloxone and exogenous calcium on gonadotrophin secretion in MT rams. In Experiment 4, we investigated the effects of naloxone and exogenous calcium on the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis of MT ewes. The TE values were high only for live weight and scrotal circumference; the other reproductive traits had less variation between than within MT pairs, suggesting that randomly selected animals were just as efficient as genetically identical twins in experiments examining physiological reproductive traits.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Natural & Agricultural Sciences, School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia. pietroc@camden.usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Celi
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Walkden-Brown
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blache
authors.forename: A Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Széll
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000502:physiology; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000502:physiology; D010060:Ovulation / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology*; D012756:Sheep / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009270:Naloxone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D002118:Calcium