title: Norovirus-host interaction: implications for disease control and prevention.
abstract: Noroviruses (NVs) are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis epidemics in both developing and developed countries and affect people of all ages. Three main human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) - the ABO, Lewis and secretor families - are involved in NV recognition and eight strain-specific receptor-binding patterns in two major binding groups have been described. The receptor-binding interface is located at the outermost surface of the P domain of the viral capsid. Each interface contains two major binding sites and each site interacts with a carbohydrate side-chain of the HBGAs via multiple hydrogen bonds. Soluble HBGAs in human milk are able to block binding of NV to HBGA receptors, suggesting a potential decoy receptor for the protection of infants from NV infection. Phylogenetic analysis has revealed limited genetic relatedness among NVs with similar receptor-binding patterns. This review summarises and discusses recent advances and highlights implications for future studies in the control and prevention of NV gastroenteritis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D001789:Blood Group Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D029322:Norovirus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001789:Blood Group Antigens; D011991:Receptors, Virus