title: Outcomes of nonsurgical management and efficacy of demecarium bromide treatment for primary lens instability in dogs: 34 cases (1990-2004).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine outcome of initial conservative management for primary lens luxation and evaluate topically administered demecarium bromide miotic treatment for prevention of anterior lens luxation, glaucoma, and vision loss in dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  34 dogs with primary lens luxation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of affected dogs were reviewed for times to anterior luxation, luxation of the lens in the opposite eye, development of glaucoma, and vision loss.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 4 to 6 weeks and at 3 months after diagnosis of lens instability (subluxation or posterior luxation), 100% (34/34 and 29/29, respectively) of conservatively managed eyes retained vision. At 1 year after diagnosis of lens instability, 80% (16/20) of conservatively managed eyes retained vision, and at 2 years after diagnosis of lens instability, 11 of 19 conservatively treated eyes retained vision. The only significant effect of miotic treatment was to delay anterior lens luxation in eyes with lens instability. Miotic treatment did not significantly affect the time from anterior lens luxation in 1 eye to anterior luxation in the other eye, time to onset of glaucoma, or time to loss of vision in eyes with an unstable lens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prophylactic topically administered miotic treatment may be effective at delaying anterior luxation of an unstable lens in eyes affected by primary lens instability. Conservative medical management of dogs with primary lens instability is a reasonable alternative to surgical removal of a subluxated or posteriorly luxated lens via intracapsular lens extraction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-442, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Binder
authors.forename: Ian P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Herring
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gerhard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D007906:Lens Subluxation / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; C100193:demecarium