title: Herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)-induced cytogenetic damage in human lymphocytes in vitro in presence of erythrocytes.
abstract: The genotoxic effects of 2,4-D and its commercial derivative 2,4-D DMA were studied by measuring sister chromatid exchange (SCE), cell-cycle progression and mitotic index in human whole blood (WBC) and plasma leukocyte cultures (PLC). Concentrations of 10, 25, 50 and 100 microg herbicide/ml were used during 72 h. In WBC, a significant increase in SCE frequency was observed within the 10-50 microg 2,4-D/ml and 25-100 microg 2,4-D DMA/ml dose range. Contrarily, in PLC, none of the concentrations employed affected the SCEs frequency. A significant delay in cell proliferation was observed in WBC after treatments with 25 and 50 microg 2,4-D/ml and 50 and 100 microg 2,4-D DMA/ml. In PLC, only 100.0 microg 2,4-D/ml altered cell-cycle progression. For both chemicals, a progressive dose-related inhibition of mitotic activity was observed. The results demonstrated that the presence of erythrocytes in the culture system modulated the DNA and cellular damage inflicted by 2,4-D and 2,4-D DMA into human lymphocytes in vitro as well as both 2,4-D and 2,4-D DMA were more potent genotoxic agents in the presence of human red cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Citogenética, Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 37 No. 668 7mo B, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soloneski
authors.forename: Norma V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Reigosa
authors.forename: Marcelo L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Larramendy
mesh_terms: D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid