title: Effects of nickel on human and fish red blood cells.
abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of nickel chloride on human and rainbow trout erythrocytes in vitro. The cells were incubated with 0, 0.5 and 1 mM nickel chloride for 1 h at pH 7.40 and 25 degrees C, then K(+) efflux, SO (4) (2-) uptake and GSH and GSSG concentrations were measured. In both kind of cells, "high concentration" nickel treatment increased KCl efflux with respect to the control. The SO (4) (2-) uptake was not significantly different at "low nickel concentration" but was lower in erythrocytes treated with 1 mM nickel chloride; the rate constant of SO (4) (2-) uptake decreased by 35% in human erythrocytes and by 44% in fish erythrocytes. Nickel chloride also acts on cellular metabolism and in particular on erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase with consequent increase in oxidative stress; the data show a significant decrease in intracellular GSH in both human (25%) and fish erythrocytes (18%) after treatment with nickel chloride, with concomitantly high GSSG concentrations and lower GSH/GSSG ratios.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisiologia Generale e Farmacologia, Facoltà di Scienze MM.FF.NN, Università degli studi di Messina, Ctr. Papardo, Papardo, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Grazia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gugliotta
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Parisi
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geraci
authors.forename: Orazio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scuteri
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Romano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001457:Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte / Q000378:metabolism*; D048429:Cell Size; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D009532:Nickel / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D013431:Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001457:Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte; D013431:Sulfates; C022838:nickel chloride; D009532:Nickel; D005978:Glutathione; D011188:Potassium