title: Interferon-alpha induces TRAIL expression and cell death via an IRF-1-dependent mechanism in human bladder cancer cells.
abstract: Apoptosis induced by interferon-alpha (IFNalpha) is associated with induction of TRAIL in a number of different cell types. Here we examined whether or not TRAIL was required for apoptosis in a model human bladder cancer cell line (UM-UC-12) and defined the molecular mechanisms involved in IFNalpha-induced TRAIL expression. Exposure to IFNalpha resulted in concentration-dependent induction of TRAIL and apoptosis. Inhibition of TRAIL or downstream components of the TRAIL cell death pathway (FADD, caspase-8) via siRNA-mediated knockdown attenuated IFNalpha-induced cell death, thereby implicating TRAIL in the response. IFNalpha induced rapid STAT-1 phosphorylation and DNA binding activity and subsequent accumulation of IRF-1. Transfection with siRNAs directed against STAT-1 or IRF-1 inhibited IFNalpha-induced TRAIL production and cell death, and chromatin immunprecipitation (ChIP) analyses demonstrated that IFNalpha induced direct, time-dependent binding of both transcription factors to the TRAIL promoter. Together, our results demonstrate that IFNalpha induces TRAIL expression via a STAT-1/IRF-1-dependent mechanism in human bladder cancer cells, and this induction of TRAIL plays an important role in IFNalpha-induced cell killing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papageorgiou
authors.forename: Colin P N
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Dinney
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: McConkey
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004171:Diploidy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand