title: Bird flu: if or when? Planning for the next pandemic.
abstract: Avian influenza or "bird flu" is causing increasing concern across the world as experts prepare for the possible occurrence of the next human influenza pandemic. Only influenza A has ever been shown to have the capacity to cause pandemics. Currently A/H5N1, a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, is of particular concern. Outbreaks of this disease in birds, especially domestic poultry, have been detected across Southeast Asia at regular intervals since 2003, and have now affected parts of Africa and Europe. Many unaffected countries across the world are preparing for the possible arrival of HPAI A/H5N1 in wild birds and poultry within their territories. All such countries need to prepare for the rare possibility of a small number of human cases of HPAI A/H5N1, imported through foreign travel. Although it is by no means certain that HPAI A/H5N1 will be the source of the next pandemic, many countries are also preparing for the inevitable occurrence of human pandemic influenza.
authors.affiliation: Pandemic Influenza Office, Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, London, UK. chloe.sellwood@hpa.org.uk
authors.forename: Chloe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sellwood
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Asgari-Jirhandeh
authors.forename: Sultan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salimee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001717:Birds; D003140:Communicable Disease Control / Q000379:methods; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007252:Influenza Vaccines