title: Self-expandable metal stent placement for the palliation of malignant gastroduodenal obstruction: experience in a large, single, UK centre.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the technical success rate, and evaluate the clinical outcome, length of hospital stay, and cost of palliative gastro-duodenal stenting in a single-centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight-seven patients referred for insertion of a gastroduodenal stent between April 1999 and April 2004 were recruited to a non-randomized, before and after intervention study performed in a single centre. Demographic data, diagnosis and symptoms along with clinical and technical outcomes were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The technical success rate was 84/87 (96.6%), with inability to traverse the stricture in three patients. No immediate complications were demonstrated. There was marked improvement after stent placement with resolution of symptoms and commencement of dietary intake in 76 patients (87%). Stenting resulted in improved quality of life as reflected by an increase in Karnofsky score from 44/100, to 63/100 post-procedure. Late complications included perforation (n=1), migration (n=1) and stent occlusions due to tumour ingrowth/overgrowth (n=7; mean 165 days). Mean survival was 107 days (range 0-411 days). Median hospital stay post-stent placement was 5.5 days, (range 1-55 days) with a majority of patients (75%) discharged home. The mean cost of each treatment episode was 4146 pounds ($7132 $US, 6,028 EUROS).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present series confirms that combined endoscopic and radiological gastroduodenal stenting is a highly favourable treatment for patients with inoperable malignant gastric outlet obstruction. The results suggest that this minimally invasive procedure has a very high technical success rate, whilst at the same time providing excellent palliation of symptoms with improved quality of life in the majority of patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK. andy.lowe@bradfordhospitals.nhs.uk
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Beckett
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jowett
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stephenson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scally
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Kay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D004380:Duodenal Obstruction / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D017219:Gastric Outlet Obstruction; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents