title: Our experience with salvage genitourinary fistulae repair: technique and outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives are to present the long-term results of vaginal reconstructive operations using the labial fat pad flap (Martius flap) interposition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight women, 27-65 years old (mean 40), suffering from urinary fistulae (five urethrovaginal and three vesicovaginal) who failed primary repair underwent salvage vaginal reconstruction for damaged urethra or bladder. Urethral or bladder and vaginal defect was closed and a Martius fat flap was interposed between urethra or bladder and vaginal wall flap to secure a watertight separation of the structures. A Martius flap was also used successfully for salvage vaginal reconstruction in three more women, two with extensive injury of their urethra and bladder neck and one with vaginal leakage, after a rectosigmoid neobladder diversion following cystectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The repair was successful in all eight patients with urinary fistulae and in the one with rectovaginal leakage. The patient with the traumatically injured urethra and bladder neck developed an anastomotic stricture treated with urethral dilatations and internal urethrotomy. The older one developed a vesicovaginal fistula due to bladder neck closure, and this was repaired with a second transvaginal closure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Martius labial fat flap is an easy to prepare, well-vascularized tissue that can be most helpful in achieving a long-lasting favorable outcome in vaginal reconstructive surgery.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Urology, G. Genimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ethnikis Amynis 41, GR-546 35 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Demetrios K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Radopoulos
authors.forename: Georgios P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Dimitriadis
authors.forename: Ioannis K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Vakalopoulos
authors.forename: Stavros S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ioannidis
authors.forename: Konstantinos A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Tzakas
authors.forename: Ioannis E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Vasilakakis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016879:Salvage Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014522:Urethral Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D014548:Urinary Fistula / Q000601:surgery*; D014624:Vaginal Fistula / Q000601:surgery*; D014719:Vesicovaginal Fistula / Q000601:surgery