title: Effects of abdominal hot compresses on indocyanine green elimination--a randomized cross over study in healthy subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hot compresses on the right upper abdomen are used as support for patients with liver diseases in Germany. The study was designed to determine, whether they affect hepatic blood flow.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single dose kinetics of indocyanine green (ICG) were studied in 13 healthy subjects with or without hot compresses on the right upper abdomen over 40 minutes. The time interval between the investigations was 8 days, the sequence was randomly assigned.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within non-linear kinetic analyses the area under the curves (AUC) were 23% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5-37%) lower with hot compresses. In the initial phase, however, no differences were detected (p = 0.295). The differences occurred only in the late phase after 30-40 minutes, when the genuine ICG is eliminated from the plasma and only the degradation product remains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hot compresses have no effect on ICG elimination in healthy subjects but seem to affect the elimination of ICG metabolites.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00484913.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, Freiburg University Hospital, Germany. roman.huber@uniklinik-freiburg.de
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weisser
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luedtke
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001458:Bandages; D001692:Biological Transport; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008102:Liver Circulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D007208:Indocyanine Green