title: Defining practice patterns in gynecologic oncology to prevent pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis is to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with the development of a deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). Because women with gynecologic cancers are at high risk to develop VTE, we sought to determine the present practice patterns of gynecologic oncologists regarding their use of VTE prophylaxis.
  
  
  METHODS
  1073 members of the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists (SGO) were mailed surveys that asked about preferred methods to prevent the development of VTE after gynecologic oncology surgery. Data were collected by online member entry and return mail. Frequency distributions were calculated and nonparametric test used for comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  343/1073 (34%) of SGO members and fellows responded. 142/343 (42%) preferred double prophylaxis consisting of external pneumatic compression (EPC) and an anticoagulant while 41% (n=141) preferred EPC with no additional anticoagulation. Of respondents choosing any anticoagulant, 40% preferred Enoxaparin pre- and/or postoperatively. Ovarian cancer patients were perceived by respondents to have the highest risk of developing a postoperative PE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most respondents agree that women with gynecologic cancers undergoing major surgery should receive VTE prophylaxis, though there is not agreement as to which method is optimal. While 42% of members preferred double prophylaxis, 41% chose no additional measures other than EPC. Randomized studies in gynecologic oncology should be initiated in the United States to determine the optimal practice pattern.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The Cancer Center at Lehigh Valley Hospital, Penn State Cancer Institute, 400 N. 17th Street, Suite 201, Allentown, PA 18104, USA. Martin_A.Martino@lvh.com
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rajaram
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lancaster
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Clarke-Pearson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D006176:Gynecology / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D048228:Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Devices; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants