title: HIV-associated adipose redistribution syndrome (HARS): etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated adipose redistribution syndrome (HARS) is a fat accumulation disorder characterized by increases in visceral adipose tissue. Patients with HARS may also present with excess truncal fat and accumulation of dorsocervical fat ("buffalo hump"). The pathophysiology of HARS appears multifactorial and is not fully understood at present. Key pathophysiological influences include adipocyte dysfunction and an excessive free fatty acid release by adipocyte lipolysis. The contributory roles of free fatty acids, cytokines, hormones including cortisol, insulin and the growth hormone-adipocyte axis are significant. Other potential humoral, paracrine, endocrine, and neural influences are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado Infectious Disease Group Practice, Denver, CO, USA. Kenneth.Lichtenstein@UCHSC.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lichtenstein
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balasubramanyam
authors.forename: Rajagopal
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sekhar
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Freedland