title: Early changes in glomerular size selectivity in young adults with type 1 diabetes and retinopathy. Results from the Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between early-onset retinopathy and urinary markers of renal dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS) aims to register all new cases of diabetes in young adults (15-34 years). In 1987-1988, 806 patients were reported and later invited to participate in a follow-up study focusing on microvascular complications after approximately 10 years of diabetes. In the present study, 149 patients with type 1 diabetes, completed eye examination, and urine sampling were included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients with retinopathy (n=58, 39%) had higher HbA(1c) (P<.001) and urinary IgG2/creatinine (P<.05) and IgG2/IgG4 ratios (P<.05). Patients with maculopathy had the highest levels. No significant differences in urinary albumin/creatinine, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)/creatinine, Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP)/creatinine, and IgG4/creatinine ratios were found. Women had higher urinary albumin/creatinine (P<.01) and urinary IgG2/creatinine ratios (P<.01) than men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Young adults with type 1 diabetes and early-onset retinopathy had higher IgG2/creatinine and IgG2/IgG4 ratios than patients without retinopathy indicating that retinopathy is associated with a change in glomerular size selectivity. This was found in association with normal urinary albumin and THP excretion and may be suspected to reflect early general vascular changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Lund, Lund University, S-221 85 Lund, Sweden. ole.torffvit@med.lu.se
authors.forename: Ole
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Torffvit
authors.forename: Jan W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Henricsson
authors.forename: Göran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sundkvist
authors.forename: Hans J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Arnqvist
authors.forename: Göran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Blohmé
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bolinder
authors.forename: Lennarth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nyström
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ostman
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Svensson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000652:urine; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers