title: New implant technique for separation of the seminal vesicle and rectal mucosa for high-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  For safer treatment of seminal vesicles (SVs), we initiated a new technique using an anchor applicator for high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy (HDR-ISBT) of prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2004 and March 2005, 23 intermediate- to high-risk patients were treated with HDR-ISBT as monotherapy. Transrectal ultrasonography guided implantation of the treatment applicator in and around the prostate gland and proximal SV. We used an "anchor" applicator to prevent posterior displacement of the SV. After insertion of the anchor applicator, the actual treatment applicator was implanted at the best position for optimal SV coverage. SV coverage was analyzed using a dose-volume histogram.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Implantation of the applicator on the posterior side of the SV was successful for 43 of 46 SVs (93%). The median percentage of the SVs receiving the prescribed dose was 41% (range 11-86%). Only one case of acute Grade 2 toxicity (3%) was seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our anchor applicator technique for HDR-ISBT can separate the SV from the rectum. This is the first report of dose-volume histogram analysis of the SV for HDR-ISBT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 540-0006, Japan. kyoshida@onh.go.jp
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Mineo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Mio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nohara
authors.forename: Atsunari
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tohda
authors.forename: Toshitsugu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Hideya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuriyama
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000532:radiotherapy; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D019160:Endosonography; D004867:Equipment Design; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012007:Rectum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000528:radiation effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012669:Seminal Vesicles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000528:radiation effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome