Signaling of secreted semaphorins in growth cone steering.
Despite a tremendous amount of progress in the identification and characterization of many new players as components of class 3 secreted semaphorin signaling in growth cone steering (Fig. 1), our understanding of the molecular mechanisms is far from complete. More questions remain to be answered: how are differential cytoskeletal changes within a growth cone achieved in response to semaphorins? What are the target(s) of cyclic nucleotide modulation? How does a growth cone make a reliable decision in response to a shallow gradient? And finally, how does a growth cone maintain its sensitivity to a decreasing concentration ofsemaphorins when it is growing away from the source? With a high degree of interest in the field with the development of novel technologies in analyzing growth cone steering, we expect to see a much more complete picture of semaphoring signaling in the near future.
Shim
Sangwoo
S
Institute for Cell Engineering, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21025, USA.
Ming
Guo-li
GL
D000818:Animals; D020439:Growth Cones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009420:Nervous System / Q000196:embryology; D039961:Semaphorins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
D039961:Semaphorins