title: Protective role of genistein in acute liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of genistein in experimental acute liver damage induced by CCl4.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty rats were equally allocated to 5 groups. The first group was designated as the control group (group 1). The second group was injected with intraperitoneal CCl4 for 3 days (group 2). The third group was injected with subcutaneous 1 mg/kg genistein for 4 days starting one day before CCl4 injection. The fourth group was injected with intraperitoneal CCl4 for 7 days. The fifth group was injected with subcutaneous 1 mg/kg genistein for 8 days starting one day before CCl4 injection. Plasma and liver tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and liver glutathione levels, as well as AST and ALT levels were studied. A histopathological examination was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Liver tissue MDA levels were found significantly lower in group 3, in comparison to group 2 (P < .05). Liver tissue MDA level in group 5 was significantly lower than that in group 4 (P < .001). Liver tissue glutathione levels were higher in group 5 and 3, relative to groups 4 and 2, respectively (P > .05 for each). Inflammation and focal necrosis decreased in group 3, in comparison to group 2 (P < .001 for each). Inflammation and focal necrosis in group 5 was lower than that in group 4 (P < .001). Actin expression decreased significantly in group 5, relative to group 4 (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genistein has anti-inflammatory and antinecrotic effects on experimental liver damage caused by CCl4. Genistein reduces liver damage by preventing lipid peroxidation and strengthening antioxidant systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nalan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuzu
authors.forename: Kerem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Metin
authors.forename: Adile Ferda
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Dagli
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akdemir
authors.forename: Cemal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Orhan
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yalniz
authors.forename: Ibrahim Hanifi
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Ozercan
authors.forename: Kazim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.forename: Ibrahim Halil
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Bahcecioglu
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D005260:Female; D019833:Genistein / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D020011:Protective Agents; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D019833:Genistein; D005978:Glutathione