title: Using Intervention Mapping to develop a programme to prevent sexually transmittable infections, including HIV, among heterosexual migrant men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is little experience with carefully developed interventions in the HIV/STI prevention field aimed at adult heterosexual target groups in the Netherlands. The ability to apply intervention development protocols, like Intervention Mapping, in daily practice outside of academia, is a matter of concern. An urgent need also exists for interventions aimed at the prevention of STI in migrant populations in the Netherlands. This article describes the theory and evidence based development of HIV/STI prevention interventions by the Municipal Public Health Service Rotterdam Area (MPHS), the Netherlands, for heterosexual migrant men with Surinamese, Dutch-Caribbean, Cape Verdean, Turkish and Moroccan backgrounds.
  
  
  METHODS
  First a needs assessment was carried out. Then, a literature review was done, key figures were interviewed and seven group discussions were held. Subsequently, the results were translated into specific objectives ("change objectives") and used in intervention development for two subgroups: men with an Afro-Caribbean background and unmarried men with a Turkish and Moroccan background. A matrix of change objectives was made for each subgroup and suitable theoretical methods and practical strategies were selected. Culturally-tailored interventions were designed and were pre-tested among the target groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This development process resulted in two interventions for specific subgroups that were appreciated by both the target groups and the migrant prevention workers. The project took place in collaboration with a university center, which provided an opportunity to get expert advice at every step of the Intervention Mapping process. At relevant points of the development process, migrant health educators and target group members provided advice and feedback on the draft intervention materials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This intervention development project indicates that careful well-informed intervention development using Intervention Mapping is feasible in the daily practice of the MPHS, provided that sufficient time and expertise on this approach is available. Further research should test the effectiveness of these interventions.
authors.affiliation: Municipal Public Health Service Rotterdam Area, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. wolfersm@ggd.rotterdam.nl
authors.forename: Mireille E G
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Wolfers
authors.forename: Caty
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van den Hoek
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brug
authors.forename: Onno
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: de Zwart
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000354:Africa, Western / Q000208:ethnology; D017691:Caribbean Region / Q000208:ethnology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006266:Health Education / Q000458:organization & administration*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D020010:Heterosexuality / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009018:Morocco / Q000208:ethnology; D009426:Netherlands; D016730:Program Development; D011635:Public Health Administration; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013532:Suriname / Q000208:ethnology; D014171:Transients and Migrants / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology; D014421:Turkey / Q000208:ethnology