title: Evolutive phases of experimental prehepatic portal hypertension.
abstract: Partial portal vein ligation is the experimental model most frequently used to study prehepatic portal hypertension. Different systemic and splanchnic biochemical and histological alterations in short-term (28-45 days) and long-term (12-14 months) evolutive phases which has been described in this experimental model suggest the existence of different pathophysiological mechanisms involved in their production. The enteropathy produced could develop in three phases: an early or acute phase with vasomotor hemodynamic alterations (ischemia-reperfusion associated with intestinal hyperemia, edema and oxidative stress); an intermediate phase with immunological alterations (mesenteric lymphadenopathy, increased mucosal infiltration by mast cells and the hepato-intestinal release of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators); and a late or chronic phase with intestinal remodeling (vascular and epithelial). The alterations which are produced in these three evolutive phases make it possible to propose an inflammatory etiopathogeny for hypertensive portal enteropathy.
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department I, Medical School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria-Angeles
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Aller
authors.forename: Maria-Paz
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Nava
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cuellar
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chivato
authors.forename: Jorge-Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Patan
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Vicente
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arias
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats