Sampling time is crucial for measurement of aerobic exercise-induced oxidative stress.
OBJECTIVE
To thoroughly investigate the time-course changes of several commonly used markers of oxidative stress by performing serial measurements during a 24-h period after an acute bout of strenuous cardiovascular exercise.


METHODS
Eleven untrained men performed two trials. In the experimental trial, the subjects exercised for 45 min at 70-75% VO2max and then at 90% VO2max to exhaustion on a treadmill; in the control trial, the subjects remained at rest. Blood samples were drawn before and after exercise (immediately after exercise and at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 24 h). Reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls, catalase activity, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined.


RESULTS
The time to lowest concentration after exercise was 1.7 +/- 0.7 h (mean +/- SD) for GSH/GSSG, and the time to highest concentration after exercise was 1.2 +/- 0.6 h for TBARS, 4.4 +/- 0.5 h for protein carbonyls, 0.5 +/- 0.4h for catalase, and 2.2 +/- 0.9 h for TAC. The greatest change after exercise was -74 +/- 9% for GSH/GSSG, 129 +/- 29% for TBARS, 135 +/- 53% for protein carbonyls, 51 +/- 16% for catalase, and 24 +/- 10% for TAC.


CONCLUSIONS
There is no best time point applying to all markers for collecting blood samples after aerobic exercise. The optimum postexercise time points for blood collection in untrained individuals are immediately after exercise for catalase, 1 h for TBARS, 2 h for TAC, GSH, and GSSG, and 4 h after exercise for protein carbonyls.
Michailidis
Yiannis
Y
Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece.
Jamurtas
Athanasios Z
AZ
Nikolaidis
Michalis G
MG
Fatouros
Ioannis G
IG
Koutedakis
Yiannis
Y
Papassotiriou
Ioannis
I
Kouretas
Dimitris
D
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D006115:Greece; D006403:Hematologic Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D012107:Research Design; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors
D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D002374:Catalase; D005978:Glutathione