title: Steering vector sensor array elements with linear cardioids and nonlinear hippioids.
abstract: The purpose of this work is to study the impact due to individual vector sensor element steering patterns on linear array beamforming. Standard, linear beamformers employ cardioid beampatterns for each vector sensor. In this work, a class of vector sensor element steering patterns beyond the standard cardioid was examined. The element weighting is nonlinear but nonadaptive, making it simple to implement in hardware processing. The new sensor steering patterns, referred to as hippioids, are products of cardioids and various powers of hippopedes. The angular resolution of individual sensors, the impact on angular resolution from arrays of varying aperture, and peak-to-sidelobe levels will serve as performance measures. An example of the differences in vector sensor steering patterns is provided using measured directional frequency and recorded buoy data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California 93943, USA. kbsmith@nps.edu
authors.forename: Kevin B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: A Vincent
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: van Leijen
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D017097:Electric Impedance; D016014:Linear Models; D009038:Motion; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D011312:Pressure; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013997:Time Factors