title: Additional palatal implants for refractory snoring.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate safety and efficacy of additional palatal implants for snoring treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective case series at two clinical sites in an office setting. Patients who did not have an acceptable reduction in snoring intensity after an initial 3 implant procedure received additional implants. Bed partners rated snoring intensity on a 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline and 90 days postprocedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Snoring intensity VAS decreased significantly from 6.4 +/- 2.3 to 4.6 +/- 2.9 (P < 0.01) for patients who received an additional fourth implant, and to 4.1 +/- 2.8 after the 5th implant (P<0.01). Epworth sleepiness scale scores also decreased significantly for patients who received additional fourth or fifth implants. There were no adverse events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Additional palatal implants for snoring treatment were safe and effective in this case series.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Additional implants may offer relief for snorers not responding to the initial 3 implant procedure.
authors.affiliation: Lahey Clinic, Burlington, MA 01805, USA. peter.j.catalano@lahey.org
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.forename: Yao Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Goh
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Romanow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010159:Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012008:Recurrence; D012449:Safety; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology; D012913:Snoring / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome