Non-mammalian models for epigenetic analyses in cancer.
Many paradigms for our understanding of cancer etiology have been shaped in mammalian model systems. However, it has become evident that both genetic and epigenetic components actively influence the progression and severity of cancers. The complexity of epigenetic mechanisms in mammals has invigorated the use of non-mammalian model organisms in several research areas. Key contributions from this approach include (1) the in-depth characterization of epigenetic mechanisms and their interactions, resulting in an improved understanding of epigenetic pathways, (2) the establishment and refinement of techniques for genome-wide epigenetic profiling and (3) the discovery of novel epigenetic modifiers with potentially druggable enzymatic activities. Recent findings in all three areas will improve our understanding of epigenetic misregulation in cancer and facilitate the translation of basic research concepts into clinical applications.
Schaefer
Matthias
M
Division of Epigenetics, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Meusburger
Madeleine
M
Lyko
Frank
F
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015195:Drug Design; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005658:Fungi / Q000235:genetics; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006570:Heterochromatin / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007313:Insecta / Q000235:genetics; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D006570:Heterochromatin