title: Effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current in primary dysmenorrhea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current in primary dysmenorrhea.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, randomized, and controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hacettepe University School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-four volunteer subjects with primary dysmenorrhea (mean age: 21.35 +/- 1.70 years) were included. Statistical analyses were performed in 32 subjects who completed all measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen subjects received interferential current application for 20 minutes and 17 subjects received transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for 20 minutes when they were experiencing dysmenorrhea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Physical characteristics, years since menarche, length of menstrual cycle (days), and duration of menstruation (days) were recorded. Visual analog scale ( VAS) intensities of menstrual pain, referred lower limb pain, and low back pain were recorded before treatment, and immediately, 8 hours, and 24 hours after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intensities of the evaluated parameters decreased beginning from just after the applications in both groups (P<0.05). Intensity of referring low back pain in first three measurement times was different between the groups (P<0.05), but this difference is thought to be due to the baseline values of the groups. So, it can be said that no superiority existed between the methods (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current appear to be effective in primary dysmenorrhea. As they are free from the potentially adverse effects of analgesics, and no adverse effects are reported in the literature nor observed in this study, a clinical trial of their effectiveness in comparison with untreated and placebo-treated control groups is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Muğla School of Health Sciences, Muğla University, Muğla, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nazan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tugay
authors.forename: Türkan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akbayrak
authors.forename: Funda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Demirtürk
authors.forename: Ilkim Citak
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Karakaya
authors.forename: Ozge
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kocaacar
authors.forename: Umut
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Tugay
authors.forename: Mehmet Gürhan
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Karakaya
authors.forename: Fazli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Demirtürk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004412:Dysmenorrhea / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D035002:Lower Extremity; D008572:Menarche; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D059408:Pain Management; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation; D016896:Treatment Outcome