title: Structural variations in a single hyaluronan derivative significantly alter wound-healing effects in the rabbit maxillary sinus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Biomaterials based on hyaluronan (HA) are currently used after sinus surgery but have not been found to decrease scarring or enhance wound healing. Chemical composition of these modified HA molecules may impact their biological and clinical effects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze chemical variations of a single crosslinked HA-based hydrogel, chemically modified thiolated HA (CMHA-SX).
  
  
  METHODS
  Four different components of the hydrogel composition were altered, yielding 54 variations. These were subjected to biomechanical testing, and then potential clinically relevant variations were further tested for swelling and degradation characteristics. Using a rabbit maxillary sinus model, the ability of the material variations to stent a neo-ostium was tested. Histologic measures were also assessed. Biomechanical and biological effects were correlated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Minor compositional changes had profound biomechanical and biological effects. Swelling and rate of enzymatic degradation were closely related. CMHA-SX hydrogels that were the most effective stents in maintaining the neo-ostium also generated the lowest level of acute inflammation, as determined by histology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chemical composition has a significant impact on the clinical potential of modified HA materials. Histocompatibility appears to most significantly affect ostium preservation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Different CMHA-SX hydrogels perform differently in vivo, even when the chemical compositions are quite similar. Objective prospective testing of modified HA materials should precede their clinical use in sinus surgery.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA. richard.orlandi@hsc.utah.edu
authors.forename: Richard R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Orlandi
authors.forename: Xiao Zheng
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McGill
authors.forename: Everett
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: Glenn D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Prestwich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D011817:Rabbits; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid