title: Effect of sulfur dioxide on active and passive avoidance in experimental diabetes mellitus: relation to oxidant stress and antioxidant enzymes.
abstract: The effect of sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) on hippocampus antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation and learning and memory was investigated in diabetic rats. A total of 40 rats were divided into four equal groups: Control (C), SO(2) + C (SO(2)), diabetic (DM) and SO(2) + D (DMSO(2)). Experimental diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced by i.v injection of alloxan with a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight. Ten ppm SO(2) was administered to the rats in the sulfur dioxide groups in an exposure chamber. Exposure occurred 1 h/d, 7 d/wk, for 6 wk; control rats were exposed to filtered air during the same time periods. SO(2) exposure, while markedly increasing Cu-Zn Superoxide dismutase activity, significantly decreased glutathione peroxidase activity in diabetic and non-diabetic groups compared with the C group; hippocampus catalase activity was unaltered. Hippocampus thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were found to be elevated in all experimental groups with respect to control group. The active avoidance training results indicated that diabetic condition has been associated with learning and memory impairment. SO(2) exposure caused deficits of learning and memory. Diabetes mellitus-induced impairment of learning and memory were potentiated by SO(2) exposure. These findings suggest that exposure to SO(2) by increasing lipid peroxidation, can change antioxidant enzyme activities and can elevated intensity of deficits of learning and memory in diabetic rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Vural
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kucukatay
authors.forename: Aysel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ağar
authors.forename: Saadet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gumuslu
authors.forename: Piraye
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yargiçoğlu
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase