title: Haemoptysis due to chronic tuberculosis vs. bronchiectasis: comparison of long-term outcome of arterial embolisation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the factors that influence the outcome of bronchial arterial embolisation (BAE) in chronic tuberculosis (TB). In cases of chronic TB, non-bronchial systemic arteries (NBSA) provide a significant source of massive or recurrent haemoptysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records and radiological findings of 30 consecutive TB patients who underwent BAE were retrospectively analysed and compared with those of 19 bronchiectasis patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chronic TB patients had higher numbers of total feeding vessels (4.40 + or - 3.85 vs. 1.79 + or - 1.51, P = 0.007) and NBSA (1.57 + or - 1.63 vs. 0.42 + or - 0.61, P = 0.005) than the bronchiectasis patients. The number of embolisations required for obliterating feeding vessels (3.87 + or - 2.48 vs. 1.95 + or - 1.47, P = 0.004), and the incidence of incomplete embolisation (30% vs. 5.3%, P = 0.033) were also higher in the TB patients. Moreover, recurrence after BAE was more frequent in the TB patients (17/30, 56.7% vs. 5/19, 26.3%, P = 0.037). Male sex, past history of haemoptysis and incomplete embolisation during BAE were associated with higher recurrence of haemoptysis in chronic TB patients. The existence of a fungus ball or significant pleural thickening (> or =10 mm) was not found to influence the recurrence rate of haemoptysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The haemoptysis recurrence rate was higher in chronic TB than in bronchiectasis; this was found to be related to incomplete feeding vessel embolisation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Institute, Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: J-H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S-Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: H-I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: K-W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S-G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: C-T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography; D001981:Bronchial Arteries; D001987:Bronchiectasis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006469:Hemoptysis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011336:Probability; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis