title: Enhancement of hazelnut extract for IgE testing by recombinant allergen spiking.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hazelnuts are a common cause of food allergic reactions. Most hazelnut allergic individuals in central and northern Europe are sensitized to Cor a 1, a member of the PR-10 protein family, while the lipid transfer protein Cor a 8 acts as a major allergen in the south of Europe. Other allergens, including profilin and seed storage proteins, may be important in subgroups of patients. Reliable detection of specific IgE in the clinical diagnosis of food allergy requires allergen reagents with a sufficient representation of all relevant allergen components. Some reported observations suggest that natural hazelnut extract may not be fully adequate in this respect.
  
  
  METHODS
  The capacity of immobilized natural hazelnut extract to bind Cor a 1-, Cor a 2- and Cor a 8-specific IgE and IgG antibodies was investigated by serum adsorption and extract dilution experiments and by the use of allergen specific rabbit antisera. All measurements were performed with the ImmunoCAP assay platform.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The experimental results revealed an incomplete capacity of immobilized hazelnut extract to capture IgE antibodies directed to the major allergen Cor a 1. Spiking of hazelnut extract with recombinant Cor a 1.04 prior to solid phase coupling gave rise to significantly enhanced IgE antibody binding from Cor a 1 reactive sera. The spiking did not negatively affect the measurement of IgE to extract components other than Cor a 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A hazelnut allergen reagent with enhanced IgE detection capacity can be generated by supplementing the natural food extract with recombinant Cor a 1.04.
authors.affiliation: Phadia AB, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Ballmer-Weber
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cistero-Bahima
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ostling
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lauer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vieths
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lidholm
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D052179:Antigens, Plant / Q000276:immunology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D031211:Corylus / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D021184:Nut Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000276:immunology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D011817:Rabbits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D052179:Antigens, Plant; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C061277:Cor a I protein, hazel; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007073:Immunoglobulin E