title: Gastrodia elata Blume protects against stress-induced gastric mucosal lesions in mice.
abstract: Gastrodia elata Blume (GEB) is a traditional herbal plant that has been used in Asian countries for centuries as an anticonvulsant, analgesic, and also as a sedative for treating general paralysis, epilepsy, vertigo, and tetanus. Although numerous reports have addressed the effects of GEB against degenerative diseases, no previous study has examined the possible gastroprotective effects of GEB. Here, we examined the effects of pretreatment with GEB (0.02 ml/g, p.o.) in a mouse water immersion restraint (WIR) stress-induced gastric lesion model. Our results revealed that mice pretreated with GEB had significantly fewer gastric lesions than their respective controls. Moreover, GEB-treated mice showed significant decreases in serum and gastric nitric oxide (NO) levels to 50 and 28%, respectively. To examine one possible mechanism underlying this effect, we used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to examine NOS mRNA expression in gastric lesion tissues. Our results revealed that the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was reduced by approximately 50% in GEB-pretreated mice versus the controls, whereas the mRNA expression levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) remained unchanged. These findings collectively suggest that GEB significantly protects the gastric mucosa against WIR-induced gastric damage, at least in part by decreasing NO levels via suppression of iNOS mRNA expression.
authors.affiliation: Food and Bio-Industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Chul-Hong
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jin-Chul
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: Ja-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang-Uk
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Ji-Hye
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Mi-Soon
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kang-Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Hyun-Suk
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Heung Mook
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Sang-Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D031668:Gastrodia; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007101:Immersion; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496321:Nos1 protein, mouse; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse