title: [Inguinoscrotal bladder hernias].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite the high incidence of inguinal hernias. In the general population, only a small percentage of them involve the bladder. Bladder wall weakness and bladder outlet obstruction are involved in its pathogenesis. We present our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of this rare disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of eight patients have been diagnosed of inguinoscrotal bladder hernia and treated in our center over the last 18 years. In most cases, retrograde and voiding cystourethrograms, prostatic and bladder ultrasound, and uroflowmetry have been performed. The treatment varied depending on the characteristics of the herniated bladder tissues and bladder capacity. The treatment of bladder outlet obstruction varied depending on the etiology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two patients presented at the emergency room of our centre, the others were diagnosed at the outpatient clinics of our department. Resection of the herniated bladder tissue was carried out in four patients due to the quality of the tissue; bladder-pexy to the abdominis rectus muscles was performed in one patient; hernia repair with bladder reintroduction was the treatment in the other four cases. Bladder outlet obstruction was treated in six cases. Seven patients showed clinical improvement, showing normal bladder morphology on post operative cystogram.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bladder hernia is a rare pathology often presenting in mid age males. It should be suspected in every male with lower urinary tract obstructive symptoms and associated inguinal hernia. Retrograde and voiding cystourethrogram are the radiological diagnostic tests of choice to evaluate this disease. The treatment of choice is that of the hernia and bladder outlet obstruction.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España. chimojuan@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Joaquín Ulises
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Juan Escudero
authors.forename: Macarena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramos de Campos
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ordoño Domínguez
authors.forename: Milagros
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fabuel Deltoro
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Serrano de la Cruz Torrijos
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Navalón Verdejo
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: López Alcina
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zaragoza Orts
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005832:Genital Diseases, Male / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012611:Scrotum; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*