Role of dietary intervention on metabolic abnormalities and nutritional status after renal transplantation.
BACKGROUND
In these last years, several traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, like obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and post-transplant diabetes mellitus have been also identified as important non-immunological risk factors leading to the development of chronic allograft nephropathy, the first cause of graft loss in transplanted patients. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of a 12-month dietary regimen on the nutritional status and metabolic outcome of renal transplant recipients in the first post-transplant year.


METHODS
Forty-six cadaver-donor renal transplant recipients (mean age 40.8 +/- 10.1-years), enrolled during the first post-transplant year (4.8 +/- 3.3 months) and followed prospectively for a 12 month period. Biochemical and nutritional markers, anthropometric measurements, body composition (by conventional bioelectrical impedance analysis) and dietary records (using a detailed food-frequency questionnaire) at baseline and after 12 months.


RESULTS
Compliance to the diet was related to sex (male better than female) and was associated with weight loss primarily due to a decrease in fat mass, with decrease in total cholesterol and glucose plasma levels and with a concomitant rise in serum albumin.


CONCLUSIONS
After renal transplantation, health benefits of proper metabolic balance that include reduced body fat, weight loss, lower cholesterol and triglycerides levels and an improvement, fasting glucose levels can be obtained when dietary intervention occurred.
Guida
Bruna
B
Department of Neuroscience, Physiology Nutrition Unit , University Federico II, Naples, Italy. bguida@unina.it
Trio
Rossella
R
Laccetti
Roberta
R
Nastasi
Annamaria
A
Salvi
Elena
E
Perrino
Nunzia Ruggiero
NR
Caputo
Carmela
C
Rotaia
Eliana
E
Federico
Stefano
S
Sabbatini
Massimo
M
D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D002102:Cadaver; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000178:diet therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D014019:Tissue Donors