title: Acute myocarditis associated with clozapine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A case of acute myocarditis associated with the commencement of clozapine is described, highlighting the onset, course and possible contributing factors. There is an urgent need to raise awareness about this potentially fatal complication of clozapine use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 20-year-old male with schizophrenia developed a sudden onset of myocarditis after commencement of clozapine. The patient recovered with intensive medical support. The symptoms occurred around 2 weeks after starting clozapine in an inpatient setting. Possible contributing factors may have been concomitant antidepressant use and unaccustomed physical activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Myocarditis is an increasingly recognized complication associated with the use of clozapine. It can be fatal if not recognized and treated early. Considering that clozapine remains the gold standard in treatment of resistant psychosis, there is an urgent need to raise awareness among medical and paramedical staff involved in the care of these patients. There are also implications for recommendations and regulations regarding the use of clozapine.
authors.affiliation: Macquarie Hospital, Northern Sydney Central Coast Area Mental Health Service, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Shivarama
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Varambally
authors.forename: Padmini
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Howpage
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003024:Clozapine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D018020:Lithium Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D018020:Lithium Compounds; D005473:Fluoxetine; D003024:Clozapine