title: The outcome after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for hepatic hydrothorax is closely related to liver dysfunction: a long-term study in 28 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hepatic hydrothorax is a rare but challenging complication of cirrhosis. The Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) appears as one of the most successful approach of therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  To assess long-term efficacy and safety, we reviewed 28 patients (Child B/C: 43/57%) who underwent TIPS placement for refractory hepatic hydrothorax in our institution between 1992 and 2001.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 30-days mortality was 14%, reaching 25% at 90 days. The one-year survival without liver transplantation was 41.2%. Reduction in the volume of pleural effusion and improvement in clinical symptoms was observed in 68% while a complete radiological and echographic disappearance of hydrothorax was documented in 57%. Statistical analysis showed that poor liver function was predictive of mortality and non-response. Of the different liver function parameters and in this small series, the Child-Pugh score was more discriminating than the recently described Mayo risk score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that TIPS is effective in the treatment of hepatic hydrothorax for selected patients. Poor liver function is a strong predictive of bad outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Saint-Luc University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wilputte
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Goffette
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zech
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Godoy-Gepert
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geubel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006876:Hydrothorax / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019168:Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic; D015996:Survival Rate