title: Efficacy and safety of rituximab combined with ESHAP chemotherapy for the treatment of relapsed/refractory aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We evaluated the efficacy and safety of adding rituximab to nonanthracycline ESHAP (etoposide/methylprednisolone/cytarabine/cisplatin) chemotherapy for relapsed/refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with intermediate- or high-grade NHL were to receive 6 rituximab doses and 6 ESHAP cycles. Rituximab 375 mg/m(2) was administered 1 week and 1 day before cycle 1 of standard ESHAP (etoposide 40 mg/m(2) on days 1-4; methylprednisolone 500 mg/m(2) on days 1-5; cytarabine 200 mg/m(2) on day 5; and cisplatin 25 mg/m(2) on days 1-4). Rituximab was repeated before the third and fifth 21-day ESHAP cycles (on days 48 and 90 of protocol, respectively), followed by 2 additional rituximab doses after cycle 6 (on days 134 and 141 of protocol). Use of growth factors was permitted. Thirteen patients were enrolled (median age, 56 years); all had previously treated NHL, 12 (92%) had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 10 (77%) had stage III/IV disease, and 2 (15%) had chemotherapy-refractory disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common grade 3/4 toxicities were neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, with 3 cases of febrile neutropenia. Seven patients exhibited complete response (CR) and 3 had partial response, for an objective response rate of 77%. Median duration of response for all responders was 14 months (range, 2-51 months). Among 6 patients completing all 6 cycles, 4 (67%) had a CR, 1 had a partial response, and 1 had progressive disease. Three of the 4 CRs have remained for a median of 48 months (range, 46-51 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rituximab plus ESHAP led to durable responses with acceptable toxicity in patients with relapsed/refractory aggressive NHL, most of whom had advanced disease.
authors.affiliation: Rush University Medical Center, 1725 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. rekha_r_harting@rush.edu
authors.forename: Rekha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harting
authors.forename: Parameswaran
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Venugopal
authors.forename: Stephanie A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Gregory
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: O'brien
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bogdanova
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000740:Anemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005047:Etoposide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D010976:Platelet Count; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000069283:Rituximab; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D003561:Cytarabine; D000069283:Rituximab; D005047:Etoposide; D003404:Creatinine; D002945:Cisplatin; D008775:Methylprednisolone