title: Pilot-scale constructed wetlands for petroleum-contaminated groundwater.
abstract: A pilot study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using constructed treatment wetlands to remediate recovered groundwater from the subsurface of a former refinery site. The pilot system consisted of four subsurface flow treatment cells operated in an upward vertical flow mode and equipped with subsurface aeration lines. The treatment system showed minimal capability for methyl-tert-butyl ether removal, but did effectively remove total petroleum hydrocarbons-deisel range organics and total benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and o-, m-, and p-xylenes (total BTEX). Effluent benzene concentrations were less than 0.05 mg/L in 70% of the samples from a treatment cell using subsurface aeration and a wetland sod amendment. Based on 1 year of operating data, cumulative mass removal approached 80% for benzene and 88% for total BTEX.
authors.affiliation: Trihydro Corporation, 1252 Commerce Drive, Laramie, WY 82070, USA. mbedessem@trihydro.com
authors.forename: Marjorie E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bedessem
authors.forename: Ari M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ferro
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiegel
mesh_terms: D001554:Benzene / Q000032:analysis; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D010578:Petroleum; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; D001554:Benzene