Duloxetine: review of its pharmacology, and therapeutic use in depression and other psychiatric disorders.
BACKGROUND
The discovery of antidepressant medications has revolutionized the treatment of depression and other psychiatric illnesses. The coming of the selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) marked a new era in the treatment of depression. These therapies frequently fall short of getting the patient to remission. Agents with a dual action have subsequently been developed which inhibit the reuptake of both 5-HT and NE, getting more patients to remission. Physical symptoms are associated with depression, preventing the patient from obtaining complete recovery. This article provides an overview of the pharmacology, efficacy, and techniques for the clinical use of duloxetine, a dual reuptake inhibitor, which has recently become available.


METHODS
The English literature has been reviewed including both controlled and uncontrolled studies.


RESULTS
Duloxetine is a dual reuptake inhibitor with actions on serotonin as well as norepinephrine. It has been shown to have efficacy in treating depressive symptoms including those with painful physical symptoms. Common side effects include nausea, insomnia, and dizziness.


CONCLUSIONS
The article has been written with clinicians as the target audience, the data suggesting it can be used as a first line agent.
Gupta
Sanjay
S
Department of Psychiatry, University of Buffalo, School of Medicine, USA. Sgupta1@adelphia.net
Nihalani
Nikhil
N
Masand
Prakash
P
D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D010146:Pain / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D013876:Thiophenes; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride