title: Ultrasound and MRI before and after radical hysterectomy: does the operation affect the pelvic floor muscles?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate pelvic floor muscles and bladder neck mobility before and after radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective follow-up study of 22 patients studied with MRI and ultrasound preoperatively, three and 12 months after radical hysterectomy was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bladder neck mobility was decreased three months postoperatively, but one year after the operation, it had almost attained the preoperative level. The size of the pelvic floor muscles was reduced three months after the operation, but one year postoperatively, muscle size had almost returned to the preoperative level. Age and number of deliveries affected the starting point in muscle size and the mobility of the bladder neck, but the development was identical in all the women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We showed that pelvic floor muscle size and mobility of the bladder neck were reduced three months after radical hysterectomy, and that they regenerated to a level only slightly below the preoperative level one year later.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby Hospital, Denmark.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Axelsen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gammelgaard
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Petersen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003718:Denmark; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*