title: Assessing psychometric properties of scales: a case study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper is a report of a study to examine the construct validity of The Nursing Students' Attitudes and Awareness of Research and Development within Nursing Scale.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The validity of instruments is critical in ensuring that data collected are sound and that the data measures what it purports to measure. When a new instrument is used in a different population or when it has been modified, it is useful to re-examine the construct validity of the instrument.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey design was used in September 2004 with a sample of 615 undergraduate nursing students to test the factor structure of The Nursing Students' Attitudes and Awareness of Research and Development within Nursing Scale and to estimate its similarity to the factor structure reported for the original scale developed and tested in a group of Registered Nurses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using Maximum Likelihood Factor Analysis and then Principal Axis Factoring, we were unable to obtain a similar factor structure to that originally identified for the scale. Our data resulted in a two-factor structure. One factor consisted of 16 items that reflected a positive attitude to nursing research and the other consisted of 14 items that reflected a negative attitude to nursing research.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The substantially different factor structure identified suggests that this scale requires further refinement and testing. This case study highlights the importance of a systematic and comprehensive approach to determining construct validity of scales, thus enabling researchers to determine their suitability as data collection instruments.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. amarshall@nursing.usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: Andrea P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Murray J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Jillian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brammer
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eustace
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grech
authors.forename: Bronwyn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kelly
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001290:Attitude; D001315:Australia; D004508:Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015399:Nursing Research / Q000193:education*; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013338:Students, Nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires