title: Vowel formants from the wave equation.
abstract: This article describes modal analysis of acoustic waves in the human vocal tract while the subject is pronouncing [o]. The model used is the wave equation in three dimensions, together with physically relevant boundary conditions. The geometry is reconstructed from anatomical MRI data obtained by other researchers. The computations are carried out using the finite element method. The model is validated by comparing the computed modes with measured data.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Mathematics, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland.
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hannukainen
authors.forename: Teemu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lukkari
authors.forename: Jarmo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Malinen
authors.forename: Pertti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palo
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D005931:Glottis / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008954:Models, Biological; D010700:Phonetics; D011312:Pressure; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013548:Sweden; D014705:Verbal Behavior; D014732:Vibration; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000502:physiology