title: Measurement of twofold astigmatism of probe-forming lens using low-order zone-axis ronchigram.
abstract: By using a low-order zone-axis ronchigram of a crystalline sample, a simple method for measuring twofold astigmatism of a probe-forming lens is proposed. This method allows precise measurement of the value of astigmatism from only one experimental ronchigram.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka/Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuramochi
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Yasutoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kotaka
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Iwao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe