HIV type 1 variants with nevirapine resistance mutations are rarely detected in antiretroviral drug-naive African women with subtypes A, C, and D.
K103N is frequently detected in HIV-infected women after single dose (SD) nevirapine (NVP). K103N-containing variants were detected more frequently by the ViroSeq HIV-1 Genotyping System in women with subtype C (69.2%) than subtypes A (19.4%, p < 0.0001) or D (36.1%, p < 0.0001). K103N-containing variants were also detected more frequently and at higher levels in women with subtype C by the LigAmp assay. In this report, we analyzed samples collected prior to or within hours after SD NVP administration from antiretroviral drug-naive African women with subtypes A, C, and D. Only 1/254 samples had an NVP resistance mutation detected with the ViroSeq system, and only 4/236 samples had K103N detected at < 0.5% with the LigAmp assay [2/110 (1.8%) with subtype A, 1/46 (2.2%) with subtype C, and 1/80 (1.3%) with subtype D] (p = 0.92). We did not detect significant differences in the pre-NVP frequency of NVP resistance mutations or the pre-NVP levels of K103N-containing variants in women with subtypes A, C, and D that explain the dramatic subtype-based differences in emergence of HIV-1 variants with these mutations after SD NVP exposure.
Church
Jessica D
JD
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Hudelson
Sarah E
SE
Guay
Laura A
LA
Chen
Shu
S
Hoover
Donald R
DR
Parkin
Neil
N
Fiscus
Susan A
SA
Mmiro
Francis
F
Musoke
Philippa
P
Kumwenda
Newton
N
Jackson
J Brooks
JB
Taha
Taha E
TE
Eshleman
Susan H
SH
D000349:Africa; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044383:Black People; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D019829:Nevirapine