title: Trophic transfer of paralytic shellfish toxins from the cladoceran (Moina mongolica) to larvae of the fish (Sciaenops ocellatus).
abstract: The dynamic transmission and transformation of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) from the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense to the cladoceran Moina mongolica and subsequently to the larvae of the fish Sciaenops ocellatus were investigated under laboratory conditions. The results showed that PSTs could be transferred to S. ocellatus when they preyed on PST-containing M. mongolica. During the experimental period, A. tamarense, M. mongolica and the digestive glands of the fish larvae contained C(1/2) toxins, and the viscera of S. ocellatus contained neoSTX. The proportion of beta toxin (C2) in C(1+2) toxins increased when PSTs were transferred from A. tamarense to M. mongolica, but in the subsequent transfer from M. mongolica to S. ocellatus the proportion of alpha toxin (C1) increased. During depuration, the contents of C1 and C2 toxins in fish larvae decreased with the duration of depuration, but neoSTX remained relatively constant. The present results indicated that, using a cladoceran as the vector, PSTs can be transferred from toxic algae to a high trophic level fish and metabolized in the fish. Future work should address the metabolic characteristics of PSTs in cladocerans and the end result when they are transferred to fishes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors.forename: Tian-Jiu
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Da-Zhi
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Yi-Xiao
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D033361:Cladocera / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D020387:Food Chain; D007814:Larva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010473:Perciformes / Q000378:metabolism*; D011157:Population Dynamics; D011235:Predatory Behavior; D015048:Zooplankton / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D008387:Marine Toxins