title: Vitamin and mineral supplements in pregnancy and the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An earlier case-control study from Western Australia reported a protective effect of maternal folic acid supplementation during pregnancy on the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The present study tested that association.
  
  
  METHODS
  A national case-control study was conducted in New Zealand. The mothers of 97 children with ALL and of 303 controls were asked about vitamin and mineral supplements taken during pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no association between reported folate intake during pregnancy and childhood ALL (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.5-2.7). Combining our results with the study from Western Australia and another study from Québec in a meta-analysis gave a summary OR of 0.9 (95% CI 0.8-1.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our own study, of similar size to the Australian study, does not support the hypothesis of a protective effect of folate on childhood ALL. Neither do the findings of the meta-analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. john.dockerty@stonebow.otago.ac.nz
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Dockerty
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Herbison
authors.forename: David C G
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Skegg
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elwood
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008903:Minerals / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014815:Vitamins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D019266:Iron, Dietary; D008903:Minerals; D014815:Vitamins; D005492:Folic Acid