title: Norcantharimides, synthesis and anticancer activity: Synthesis of new norcantharidin analogues and their anticancer evaluation.
abstract: A range of amines was reacted with norcantharidin (2) to provide the corresponding norcantharimides (9-43). Treatment of norcantharidin with allylamine afforded the corresponding allyl-norcantharimide (20) which was amenable to epoxidation (mCPBA, 22) and subsequent ring opening (MeOH/H(+); 23) or alternatively, osmylation (OsO(4)/NMO; 24). These simple synthetic modifications of 2 facilitated the development of a novel series of norcantharimides displaying modest to good broad spectrum cytotoxicity against HT29 and SW480 (colorectal carcinoma); MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma); A2780 (ovarian carcinoma); H460 (lung carcinoma); A431 (epidermoid carcinoma); DU145 (prostate carcinoma); BE2-C (neuroblastoma); and SJ-G2 (glioblastoma). Analogues possessing a C(10), C(12) or C(14) alkyl chain or a C(12) linked bis-norcantharimide displayed the highest levels of cytotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry, Chemistry Building, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Timothy A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Scott G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Stephen P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Ackland
authors.forename: Jayne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sauer
authors.forename: Jennette A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sakoff
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McCluskey
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; C069741:norcantharidin