title: Synergistic inhibition of pseudorabies virus replication by porcine alpha/beta interferon and gamma interferon in vitro.
abstract: Interferon (IFN) is crucial for initiating the innate immune response and for the generation of the adaptive response. IFN, in most species, comprises IFN-alpha (IFN-alpha), IFN-beta (IFN-beta) and IFN-gamma (IFN-gamma). In this study, we compared the capacity of porcine IFN-alpha, -beta and -gamma, or a combination of them, to protect IBRS-2 cells (porcine kidney cells) from infection with pseudorabies virus (PRV). The results demonstrated that porcine IFN-beta (PoIFN-beta) was the most efficient of the three IFNs in conferring resistance PRV infection; 100 U/mL PoIFN-beta inhibited PRV plaque formation 5.3-fold. Compared with PoIFN-beta, porcine IFN-gamma (PoIFN-gamma) was less capable of inhibiting PRV plaque formation (3.3-fold inhibition). Porcine IFN-alpha (PoIFN-alpha) had the least capability of the three PoIFNs, and inhibited PRV plaque formation only 1.26-fold. The inhibitory capacity increased to only 2.3-fold with a treatment of 12,800 U/mL PoIFN-alpha. A combination of PoIFN-gamma and PoIFN-alpha or PoIFN-beta inhibited PRV plaque formation 12.8-fold or 100-fold, respectively. Treatment of IBRS-2 cells with PoIFN-alpha/beta and PoIFN-gamma inhibited PRV replication 29- or 146-fold. Additionally, real-time PCR analyses of the PRV immediate early (IE) gene revealed that IE mRNA expression was profoundly decreased in cells stimulated with PoIFN-alpha/beta and PoIFN-gamma (23.8-133.0-fold) compared with vehicle-treated cells. All the findings indicate that PoIFN-gamma acts synergistically with other PoIFNs (PoIFN-alpha and -beta) to potently inhibit PRV replication in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Unit of Animal Infectious Diseases, National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qingxia
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Yannan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Youhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Si
authors.forename: Zhuofei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Huanchun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D011558:Herpesvirus 1, Suid / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D011557:Pseudorabies / Q000188:drug therapy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013552:Swine; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016899:Interferon-beta; D007371:Interferon-gamma