title: Methodological problems undermine tests of the ideo-motor conjecture.
abstract: Recent behavioural research has investigated whether viewing someone perform an action results in activation of that action by the observer. Postulated empirical support for this 'ideo-motor (IM) conjecture' typically rests upon two types of experimental paradigm (reaction time and movement tracking tasks). These paradigms purport to show movement facilitation when compatible movements are observed and vice versa, but only for biological stimuli. Unfortunately, these paradigms often contain confounding (and unavoidable) generic stimulus-response compatibility effects that are not restricted to observed human movement. The current study demonstrates in three experiments that equivalent compatibility effects can be produced by non-biological stimuli. These results suggest that existing empirical paradigms may not, and perhaps cannot, support the IM-conjecture.
authors.affiliation: Institutionen för Psykologi, Umeå Universitet, 901 87 Umea, Sweden.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jansson
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Justin H G
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mon-Williams
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D007100:Imitative Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011603:Psychophysiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology*