title: Radiographic signs of elevated intracranial pressure in idiopathic cerebrospinal fluid leaks: a possible presentation of idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traditionally, idiopathic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks have been associated with normal intracranial pressure (ICP). We speculate that at least one subset of these leaks may be associated with elevated ICP, more specifically, idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). We sought to identify radiographic manifestations suggestive of elevated ICP in 14 patients with idiopathic CSF leaks who clinically and epidemiologically resembled patients with IIH.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed high-resolution CT, MRI, and/or CT cisternography in 14 patients with elevated ICP and idiopathic CSF leaks for radiographic manifestations suggesting increased ICP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Arachnoid pits were seen in 79% of patients, empty sella was seen in 50% of patients, meningo(encephalo)celes were seen in 50% of patients, and dural ectasia was seen in 35% of patients, respectively. Optic nerve findings were not shown as commonly seen as described in the literature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We show a subset of patients with idiopathic CSF leaks who display radiographic signs consistent with increased ICP who may represent an alternative presentation of IIH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Ross I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Silver
authors.forename: Gul
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Moonis
authors.forename: Rodney J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Schlosser
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Bolger
authors.forename: Laurie A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Loevner
mesh_terms: D002559:Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D004652:Empty Sella Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019586:Intracranial Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000002:abnormalities; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013101:Sphenoid Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed