title: Differences in cultural beliefs and values among African American and European American men with prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although cultural values are increasingly being recognized as important determinants of psychological and behavioral outcomes following cancer diagnosis and treatment, empirical data are not available on cultural values among men. This study evaluated differences in cultural values related to religiosity, temporal orientation, and collectivism among African American and European American men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 119 African American and European American men who were newly diagnosed with early-stage and locally advanced prostate cancer. Cultural values were evaluated by self-report using standardized instruments during a structured telephone interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, African American men reported significantly greater levels of religiosity (Beta = 24.44, P < .001) compared with European American men. African American men (Beta = 6.30, P < .01) also reported significantly greater levels of future temporal orientation. In addition, men with more aggressive disease (eg, higher Gleason scores) (Beta = 5.11, P < .01) and those who were pending treatment (Beta = -6.42, P < .01) reported significantly greater levels of future temporal orientation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate that while ethnicity is associated with some cultural values, clinical experiences with prostate cancer may also be important. This underscores the importance of evaluating the effects of both ethnicity and clinical factors in research on the influence of cultural values on cancer prevention and control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. chanita@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Chanita
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hughes Halbert
authors.forename: Frances K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Barg
authors.forename: Benita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Weathers
authors.forename: Ernestine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delmoor
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coyne
authors.forename: E Paul
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Wileyto
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arocho
authors.forename: Brandon
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mahler
authors.forename: S Bruce
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Malkowicz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D003469:Culture; D003710:Demography; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000208:ethnology; D044465:White People