title: The I allele of the ACE gene is associated with improved exercise capacity in women with McArdle disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  McArdle disease is an uncommon metabolic disorder usually characterized by marked exercise intolerance although great individual variability exists in its phenotypic manifestation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotypes and indices of exercise capacity (peak oxygen uptake (VO(2)peak), ventilatory threshold (VT) and gross mechanical efficiency (GE)) in patients with McArdle disease. Based on previous research, it was hypothesized that the I allele might favourably influence exercise capacity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four Spanish patients (23 males, 21 females) and 44 age-matched and gender-matched controls (23 males, 21 females) performed a graded cycle-ergometer test until exhaustion (for VO(2)peak and VT determination) and a 12 min constant-load test at the power output eliciting the VT (for GE determination).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference (p>0.05) was found in indices of exercise capacity between ID + II genotypes and DD homozygotes in the group of male patients, male controls and female controls. However, in the group of female patients, the ID + II group (n = 11) had a higher VO(2)peak than DD homozygotes (n = 10) (15.8 (SEM 1.6) ml/kg/min versus 11.9 (SEM 0.9) ml/kg/min, respectively; p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The I allele of the ACE gene is associated with a higher functional capacity in female patients, and might partly explain the individual variability in the phenotypic manifestation of McArdle disease.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gómez-Gallego
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Santiago
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morán
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Maté-Muñoz
authors.forename: M Fernández
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: del Valle
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Garcia-Consuegra
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: I A L
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Andreu
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arenas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lucia
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006012:Glycogen Storage Disease Type V / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A