title: Effect of radiation scattering on dose uniformity in open and closed cell culture vessels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dose uniformity in cell culture vessels such as Petri dishes and anoxic irradiation chambers is very important in radiobiological work as dose uniformity affects cell survival probabilities. In this study, we investigated X-ray dose inhomogeneity, caused by scattering, in typical culture vessels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three different cubic cell culture vessels, with side lengths of 10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm, were designed and irradiated by X-rays of 6 MV and 15 MV at a source-to-surface distance (SSD) of 100 cm using a Varian 2,100CD linear accelerator.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The relative X-ray dose distribution in a cell culture vessel depended strongly on whether the vessel had a lid. The percentage of the cell culture surface with the dose differing by more than 10% from the mean value of the dose was 43.4% in lidless vessels and 9.7% in lidded vessels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In radiobiological work, X-ray dose inhomogeneity within a cell culture vessel is not negligible and the placement of cells in the vessel should be carefully considered.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Oncology, Proton Therapy Center, National Cancer Center, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Myonggeun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Sung Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jungwook
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Jungwon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Junghun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Dongho
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Soah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Se Byeong
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Doo Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyung Hwan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Hong Ryull
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Pyo
authors.forename: Joo-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kwan Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012062:Relative Biological Effectiveness; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen