title: Reversal of memory deficits by Atorvastatin and Simvastatin in rats.
abstract: The present study was undertaken to investigate the beneficial effects of Atorvastatin and Simvastatin in cognitive dysfunctions of rats. Alprazolam, Scopolamine and high fat diet (HFD) induced amnesia served as interoceptive memory models where as, Water-maze and Elevated plus-maze served as exteroceptive models. A total of 38 groups of rats were used in this investigation. Escape latency time (ELT) recorded during acquisition trials conducted from day 1 to day 4, in water maze was taken as an index of acquisition, where as mean time spent in target quadrant during retrieval trial on day 5, was taken as the index of retrieval (memory). On elevated plus-maze, transfer latency (TL) measured on 1st d served as the index of acquisition and TL recorded on 2nd d was taken as the index of retrieval (memory). Alprazolam (0.5 mg kg(-1) intraperitoneally), Scopolamine (0.4 mg kg(-1) intraperitoneally) and HFD treated (for 90 days) rats exhibited amnesia as reflected by impairment in learning ability as well as memory, when tested on both, water maze and elevated plus maze. Atorvastatin (5 mg kg(-1) orally) as well as Simvastatin (5 mg kg(-1) orally) significantly attenuated Alprazolam, Scopolamine and HFD induced amnesia. These results highlight the ameliorative role of statins in experimental amnesia with possible involvement of their cholesterol dependent as well as cholesterol independent actions.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, India. mparle@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: Milind
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Parle
authors.forename: Nirmal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000525:Alprazolam; D000647:Amnesia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D000818:Animals; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006538:Heptanoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D012601:Scopolamine; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D006538:Heptanoic Acids; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D011758:Pyrroles; D002784:Cholesterol; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D019821:Simvastatin; D012601:Scopolamine; D000525:Alprazolam