title: Psychosocial impairment in patients treated for pituitary disease: a controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To verify whether patients with pituitary disorders in remission and on appropriate treatment display significant differences in psychological distress compared to healthy controls and other patients treated for nonpituitary endocrine disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single-centred, controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-six outpatients cured or in remission for at least 9 months following appropriate treatment by surgery, irradiation and/or pharmacological interventions for pituitary disease were compared with 86 healthy subjects. A sample comprising 60 outpatients cured or in remission from nonpituitary endocrine disorders was also compared.
  
  
  METHODS
  (1) A modified version of the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV; (2) a shortened version of the structured interview for the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research (DCPR); (3) the Psychosocial Index (PSI); and (4) the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) short form General Health Survey (SF-20) were employed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with pituitary disease displayed a higher prevalence of psychiatric disease (P < 0.001) compared to controls, but not when compared to nonpituitary endocrine patients. They also showed a higher prevalence of DCPR clusters compared to controls (P < 0.001), but not when compared to nonpituitary endocrine patients. At PSI and MOS (SF-20), patients with endocrine disease, whether pituitary or not, reported more psychological distress, and less well-being (P < 0.001) compared to controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At follow-up after appropriate treatment, we documented a high prevalence of psychopathology in patients with pituitary disease, which was however, similar to that found in nonpituitary endocrine patients. This is consistent with an increasing body of literature that reports difficulties in obtaining full recovery in patients treated for endocrine disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. nicoletta.sonino@unipd.it
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sonino
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ruini
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Navarrini
authors.forename: Fedra
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ottolini
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sirri
authors.forename: Agostino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paoletta
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fallo
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boscaro
authors.forename: Giovanni A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Fava
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004700:Endocrine System Diseases / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010900:Pituitary Diseases / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D015995:Prevalence; D011602:Psychophysiologic Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications; D016896:Treatment Outcome