title: C-reactive protein is associated with heart rate variability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between low-grade inflammation and autonomic dysfunction, both of which may be risk markers for sudden cardiac death.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 269 subjects referred for elective coronary angiography because of clinically suspected coronary heart disease were included in the study. Of these 27% had a previous myocardial infarction and 70% had significant coronary stenoses. A 24-hour Holter-recording was obtained from all subjects, and time-domain heart rate variability indices were analyzed. C-reactive protein was measured using a high-sensitivity assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean SDNN was significantly higher in the lower compared to the upper hs-CRP quartile (140 +/- 34 ms vs 113 +/- 29 ms; P < 0.001). Similar results were found for SDNNindex (54 +/- 16 ms vs 46 +/- 12 ms; P = 0.002) and SDANN (125 +/- 33 ms vs 101 +/- 31 ms; P < 0.001). The association was strongest for subjects with a previous myocardial infarction, subjects with significant coronary stenoses, and males. In a linear regression analysis, hs-CRP remained an independent determinant of each of these three heart rate variability indices (all P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  C-reactive protein and heart rate variability are independently associated. This may support a link between low-grade inflammation and autonomic dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Aalborg Hospital, Arhus University Hospital, Denmark. tmadsen@dadlnet.dk
authors.forename: Trine
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.forename: Jeppe Hagstrup
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Egon
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Toft
authors.forename: Erik Berg
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein