title: Distribution of NADPH-diaphorase and nitric oxide synthase reactivity in the central nervous system of the goldfish (Carassius auratus).
abstract: The nitrergic system has been inferred from cells positive to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPHd) histochemistry and/or to the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) immunohistochemistry in different species of vertebrates. The aim of the present work was to systematically study the distribution of cell producing nitric oxide in the goldfish (Carassius auratus) brain. To reach this goal, we firstly studied co-localization for NADPHd and nNOS techniques and demonstrated an extensive double labeling. Then, we studied the distribution through the brain by the two separate methods and found labeled cells widely distributed in brain and spinal cord. In the telencephalon, such cells were in both dorsal and ventral areas. In the diencephalon, the cells were found in some nuclei of the preoptic area and hypothalamus, habenula, pretectum, and dorsal and ventral thalamic regions. In the midbrain, cells were observed in the optic tectum, torus longitudinalis, and tegmental nuclei. In the rhombencephalon, cells were found in the cerebellum, the reticular formation, the locus coeruleus, the raphe nuclei, and the nuclei of the cranial nerves. Labeled cells were also observed in the gray area of the spinal cord. Cognizing that a direct comparison of the present results with those reported in other vertebrates is not clear-cut because of homologies; we conclude that the nitrergic system is roughly similar from fish to mammals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fisiología y Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41012, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Giraldez-Perez
authors.forename: Susana P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Gaytan
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ruano
authors.forename: Blas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pasaro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000201:enzymology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D006054:Goldfish / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009252:NADPH Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D026602:Nitrergic Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D009252:NADPH Dehydrogenase