title: Preventive counseling among women with histories of gestational diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine the association between recall of recommendations for diabetes prevention and both health behaviors and screening among women with histories of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  We surveyed 228 women with histories of GDM within the past 5 years who were enrolled in a university-affiliated managed care plan. In a cross-sectional analysis, we assessed the association between recall of health care provider advice and both postpartum lifestyle behaviors and reported performance of postpartum diabetes screening. Multivariate models were constructed that adjusted for correlates of counseling including postpartum diabetes, dyslipidemia, insulin use during pregnancy, and provider type.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants were predominantly non-Hispanic white, college educated and affluent, and overweight or obese. The majority reported that they received counseling on lifestyle modification and postpartum diabetes screening. Postpartum physical activity levels, fruit and vegetable intake, and screening were suboptimal. No significant association existed between recall of advice and physical activity or between recall of advice and diet. Recall of advice along with distribution of laboratory slips for glucose testing was associated with performance of postpartum diabetes screening using self-report (adjusted odds ratio 2.07 [95% CI 1.51-2.84]) or claims data (1.64 [1.16-2.32]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with histories of GDM who recalled advice regarding postpartum glucose testing and received laboratory slips were significantly more likely to report having had postpartum diabetes screening. Although women's recall of services may not reflect the actual services received, simple counseling may not be sufficient to optimize postpartum behaviors to reduce future risk of diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. cathkim@umich.edu
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Laura N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: McEwen
authors.forename: Eve A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Piette
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chames
authors.forename: Assiamira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferrara
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Herman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003376:Counseling; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000523:psychology*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008487:Medical History Taking; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D050177:Overweight; D011247:Pregnancy; D044469:Racial Groups; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors