title: Etanercept-related extensive pulmonary nodulosis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: Although nodulosis is a common extraarticular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis, accelerated pulmonary nodulosis is a rare event. The etiology of rheumatoid nodules is still unknown. Nodulosis is not necessarily associated with active joint inflammation, suggesting different pathogenic mechanisms for nodule formation and synovial tissue inflammation. We describe a patient with extensive pulmonary nodulosis, probably related to etanercept treatment. Our case emphasizes the need for careful monitoring for adverse events during treatment with biologicals, especially since the differential diagnosis often includes a broad spectrum of diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Annelies
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Ede
authors.forename: Alfons
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: den Broeder
authors.forename: Michiel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wagenaar
authors.forename: Piet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van Riel
authors.forename: Marjonne C W
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Creemers
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D000068800:Etanercept; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011241:Prednisone; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D012218:Rheumatoid Nodule / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D028761:Withholding Treatment
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D001379:Azathioprine; D000068800:Etanercept; D011241:Prednisone