title: Administration of ciprofloxacin and capsaicin in rats to achieve higher maximal serum concentrations.
abstract: To test if capsaicin could improve the bioavailability of ciprofloxacin (1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, CAS 85721-33-1, Bay q 3939) in rats, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1% capsaicin ((E)-N-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-8-methyl-6-nonenamide, trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide, CAS 404-86-4) dissolved in ethanol and mixed with 20 mg/kg of ciprofloxacin were orally administered to groups of 10 rats each. Control groups were dosed with capsaicin-free, ethanol-containing or ethanol-free ciprofloxacin. Reference intravenous pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin was also established. The results revealed that capsaicin increased ciprofloxacin bioavailability by approximately 70% in groups receiving preparations containing capsaicin at a rate of 0.01, 0.1 and 0.5%. Higher concentrations failed to further increase bioavailability. However, capsaicin appears to have little or no impact on the rate of absorption or clearance of ciprofloxacin. Considering that 0.01% or 0.1% capsaicin are unlikely to upset the gastrointestinal tract, it may be worth attempting to study if a similar effect occurs in man, and to evaluate if the addition of capsaicin can be used as a method to increase the area under the curve/minimum inhibitory concentration rate, a key variable to improve clinical efficacy of ciprofloxacin.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México. sumano@servidor.unam.mx
authors.forename: Héctor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sumano-López
authors.forename: Lilia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Olvera
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aguilera-Jiménez
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Olvera
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Gómez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001681:Biological Assay; D001682:Biological Availability; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006207:Half-Life; D008297:Male; D015233:Models, Statistical; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D002211:Capsaicin