title: Enhanced bone regeneration with BMP-2 loaded functional nanoparticle-hydrogel complex.
abstract: As an efficient sustained release system of BMP-2, a functional nanoparticle-hydrogel complex, composed of heparin-functionalized nanoparticles and fibrin gel, was developed and used as a bone graft. In vivo bone formation was evaluated by soft X-ray, histology, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, immunostaining, and mineral content analysis, based on the rat calvarial critical size defect model. Significantly improved and effective bone regeneration was achieved with the recombinant BMP-2 (4 mug) loaded nanoparticle-fibrin gel complex, as compared to bare fibrin gel, the nanoparticle-fibrin gel complex without BMP-2, or even the BMP-2 loaded fibrin gel. These improvements included areas such as radiodensity, the bone-specific ALP activity, the osteocalcin immunoreactivity, and the ratios of calcium and phosphate contents with respect to normal bone in the regenerated bone area. The remodeling process of new bone developed with BMP-2 was significantly enhanced, and more mature and highly-mineralized bone was obtained by utilizing the functional nanoparticle-hydrogel complex. These results indicate that the nanoparticle-fibrin gel complex can be a promising candidate for a new bone defect replacement matrix, and an enhanced BMP-2 carrier.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-712, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Il
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Kang-Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Seung-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Seung-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Giyoong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tae
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005337:Fibrin / Q000737:chemistry; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000032:analysis; D010316:Particle Size; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D012886:Skull / Q000166:cytology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C525720:Bmp2 protein, rat; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D020100:Hydrogels; D010710:Phosphates; D011108:Polymers; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D015675:Osteocalcin; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D005337:Fibrin; D006493:Heparin; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium