title: Neonatal (+)-methamphetamine increases brain derived neurotrophic factor, but not nerve growth factor, during treatment and results in long-term spatial learning deficits.
abstract: In this study, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were examined at five time points [postnatal day (P)11, 15, 20, 21, and 68 (the latter with or without behavioral testing)] during and after P11-20 (+)-methamphetamine (MA) (10 mg/kg 4 x day) treatment. BDNF in MA-treated animals was elevated on P15 and P20 in the hippocampus but not in the hypothalamus and was unchanged on P11 and P21. On P68 (1 h after Morris water maze testing) MA-treated offspring showed a trend toward higher levels of BDNF in the hippocampus than saline-treated animals. MA treatment increased NGF levels in the hippocampus but only on P20. No effect of MA treatment was observed in the elevated zero maze. MA-treated offspring had increased latencies, cumulative distances, path lengths, and first bearings in the Morris water maze. The findings indicate that early MA exposure induces hippocampal BDNF increases that precede the later emergence of spatial learning deficits.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Skelton
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Tori L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: Charles V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Vorhees
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013037:Spatial Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D008694:Methamphetamine; D003345:Corticosterone