title: Women physicians and addiction.
abstract: Nine hundred and sixty-nine impaired physicians (125 women and 844 men) enrolled in one of four state physician health programs were evaluated with comprehensive psychosocial, psychiatric and substance abuse/dependence profiles. When compared to male impaired physicians at time of entry to physician health programs, the 125 female impaired physicians were younger (39.9 vs. 43.7 years; p < .0001), reported more medical (48.7% vs. 34.4%; OR = 1.81) and psychiatric (76.5% vs. 63.9%; OR = 1.84) problems at intake. They were more likely to report past (51.8% vs. 29.9%; OR = 2.51) or current (11.4% vs. 4.8%; OR = 2.54) suicidal ideation, and more likely to have made a suicide attempt under the influence (20.0% vs. 5.1%; OR = 4.64) or not under the influence (14.0% vs. 1.7%; OR = 9.67) of a substance. Although alcohol was the primary drug of abuse for all physicians studied, women physicians were more likely to abuse sedative hypnotics than men (11.4 vs. 6.4; OR = 1.87). There were no gender differences in employment problems (65.3% vs. 67.5%; ns) or legal problems (15% vs. 21%; OR = .66) due to addiction. These findings suggest different characteristics between male and female impaired physicians which may have implications for identification and treatment of this population.
authors.affiliation: Edward Via Virginia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Discipline of Addiction Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA. mwunsch@vcom.vt.edu
authors.forename: Martha J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wunsch
authors.forename: Janet S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Knisely
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Cropsey
authors.forename: Eleanor D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Sidney H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Schnoll
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017831:Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010815:Physician Impairment / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010822:Physicians, Women / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012737:Sex Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States