Humoral immune responses against norovirus infections of children.
In 2 infants with gastroenteritis associated with Norovirus (NoV), serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgM, IgA, and fecal IgA antibody responses against NoV were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using 11 different antigenic and genetic types of NoV virus-like particles expressed in insect cells. These two cases were putative primary single NoV infections, because antibodies against NoVs were not detected in acute-phase serums. In one of two cases, long-term excretion of virus RNA for 33 days was observed. Serum IgG responses demonstrated strong seroresponse to the homologous type, and weak seroresponse to the heterologous types within the genogroup. After more than 2 years, the IgG antibody titer remained high to the homologous type and low to the heterologous type within the genogroup. IgM and IgA were specific to the homologous type. IgM was short lived and the serum IgA antibody titer remained low to the homologous type for a long period. These results improve our understanding of the humoral immune response to NoV infection.
Iritani
Nobuhiro
N
Department of Microbiology, Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Tennoji-ku, Osaka, Japan.
Seto
Toshiyuki
T
Hattori
Hideji
H
Natori
Katsurou
K
Takeda
Naokazu
N
Kubo
Hideyuki
H
Yamano
Tsunekazu
T
Ayata
Minoru
M
Ogura
Hisashi
H
Seto
Yoshiyuki
Y
D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000917:Antibody Formation; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D029322:Norovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007075:Immunoglobulin M