Statistically significant changes of antimüllerian hormone and inhibin levels during the physiologic menstrual cycle in reproductive age women.
OBJECTIVE
To define the dynamics of antimüllerian hormone (AMH) and inhibins during the physiologic menstrual cycle.


METHODS
Longitudinal study.


METHODS
University hospital.


METHODS
36 young, healthy, normal weight Caucasian women without medication.


METHODS
Normal ovulatory menstrual cycles were evaluated by regular blood sampling taken every other day and periovulatory every day.


METHODS
Serum concentrations of AMH, inhibin A and B, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin, estradiol, progesterone, and free testosterone were measured in all blood samples.


RESULTS
Median AMH levels are statistically significantly higher in the late follicular compared with ovulation or the early luteal phase. There are statistically significant correlations between both AMH and FSH, and AMH and free testosterone in all cycle phases. Inhibin A increases strongly in the late follicular phase and peaks at day LH + 4. Inhibin B shows a broad midfollicular and a sharp early luteal peak, the difference being statistically significant between day LH + 4 and the earlier time points and between day LH + 2 and day LH. Although there is a negative association between inhibin A or B and the body mass index (BMI), there is no correlation between AMH and the BMI.


CONCLUSIONS
Levels of AMH show a statistically significant change during the menstrual cycle and may influence the circulating gonadotropin and steroid hormone levels.
Wunder
Dorothea M
DM
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland. dorothea.wunder@insel.ch
Bersinger
Nick A
NA
Yared
Mengistu
M
Kretschmer
Robert
R
Birkhäuser
Martin H
MH
D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007265:Inhibins / Q000097:blood*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000097:blood*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D012016:Reference Values; D012098:Reproduction; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors
C422362:inhibin A; C422364:inhibin B; D013739:Testosterone; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D007265:Inhibins; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone; D011388:Prolactin; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone