title: Efficient site-directed saturation mutagenesis using degenerate oligonucleotides.
abstract: We describe a reliable protocol for constructing single-site saturation mutagenesis libraries consisting of all 20 naturally occurring amino acids at a specific site within a protein. Such libraries are useful for structure-function studies and directed evolution. This protocol extends the utility of Stratagene's QuikChange Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit, which is primarily recommended for single amino acid substitutions. Two complementary primers are synthesized, containing a degenerate mixture of the four bases at the three positions of the selected codon. These primers are added to starting plasmid template and thermal cycled to produce mutant DNA molecules, which are subsequently transformed into competent bacteria. The protocol does not require purification of mutagenic oligonucleotides or PCR products. This reduces both the cost and turnaround time in high-throughput directed evolution applications. We have utilized this protocol to generate over 200 site-saturation libraries in a DNA polymerase, with a success rate of greater than 95%.
authors.affiliation: LI-COR, Inc., 4308 Progressive Ave., Lincoln, NE 68504, USA. dave.steffens@licor.com
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Steffens
authors.forename: John G K
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D019020:Directed Molecular Evolution / Q000379:methods*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins