title: Occupational risk factors for prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Occupational risk factors for prostate cancer have been investigated with inconsistent findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a population-based case-control study of men in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. Cases (n = 760) were from the Ontario Cancer Registry, 50 to 84 years old, and diagnosed with prostate cancer between 1995 and 1998. Age-frequency matched controls (n = 1,632) were obtained from telephone listings. A questionnaire yielded information on occupational history and self-reported exposures to a list of occupational hazards. Exposures to these hazards were assessed by an occupational hygienist.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An odds ratio estimate (OR) of 1.21 (95 percent confidence interval (% CI) 1.01, 1.46) was found for employment in trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations, possibly related to exposure to whole-body vibration (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.07, 1.78). For the highest quartile of lifetime cumulative workplace physical activity an OR of 1.33 (95% CI 1.02, 1.74) was found. No statistically significant associations were found for any other occupational category or exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study does not provide strong evidence for significant occupational risk factors for prostate cancer. However, whole-body vibration exposures, as well as physical activity, may be worth pursuing in future occupational studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. a.sass@utoronto.ca
authors.forename: Andrea M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sass-Kortsak
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Purdham
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kreiger
authors.forename: Gerarda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Darlington
authors.forename: Nancy E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Lightfoot
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014732:Vibration / Q000009:adverse effects