title: Generation and characterization of mouse parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells containing genomes from non-growing and fully grown oocytes.
abstract: It is known that oocytes can be activated without male contribution in vitro and develop to blastocysts which are used to isolate parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells. Unfortunately, differentiation capacity of the parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells was rather lower than fertilized embryos derived ES cells, which might be the result of the absence of male genome. It had been found that some maternally expressed genes were repressed and some paternally expressed genes were expressed in the non-growing oocytes. Therefore, maternal genome from non-growing oocytes can partially act as "sperm genome". In the present study, parthenogenetic blastocysts containing genome from non-growing and fully grown oocytes (named as NF-pBlastocysts) were produced by germinal vesicle transfer, and three newly established parthenogenetic embryonic stem (named as NF-pES) cell lines were derived from the resulting parthenogenetic blastocysts. All three NF-pES cell lines were positive for ES cell markers, such as alkaline phosphatase (AKP), stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 (SSEA-1) and octamer-binding transcription factor (Oct-4). They have a normal chromosome karyotype (40) and can be maintained in an undifferentiated state for extended periods of time. When NF-pES cells were injected into severe combined immunodeficient mice, teratomas with all three embryonic germ layers were obtained. The in vitro differentiation potential of NF-pES cells was analyzed by embryonic bodies (EB) formation. The expression of germ layer markers, such as nestin (ectoderm), desmin (mesoderm), and alpha-fetoprotein (endoderm) demonstrated that the NF-pES cells can differentiate into all three germ layers.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Mammal Reproduction Biology and Biotechnology of Education Ministry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Zhuying
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Lie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mang
authors.forename: Shorgan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003893:Desmin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D047108:Embryonic Development; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D064231:Nestin; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010312:Parthenogenesis; D013724:Teratoma / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003893:Desmin; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C577485:Nes protein, mouse; D064231:Nestin; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins