title: Carotid intima-media thickness by B-mode ultrasound as surrogate of coronary atherosclerosis: correlation with quantitative coronary angiography and coronary intravascular ultrasound findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although well supported by postmortem studies, the reliability of carotid atherosclerosis as surrogate marker of coronary atherosclerosis has been put in doubt by in vivo studies showing a poor correlation between carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) detected by external carotid ultrasound (ECU) and coronary stenosis assessed by quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). In the present study, we have investigated whether a stronger in vivo correlation between the two arteries can be obtained by using homogeneous variables such as carotid and coronary IMT, detected by ECU and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ECU, QCA, and IVUS measurements were made in 48 patients. Carotid IMT was correlated with both angiographic and IVUS findings. A significant but weak correlation was observed between ECU and QCA variables (r approximately 0.35, P < 0.05); the correlation between ECU and IVUS measurements of IMT was higher, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.49 to 0.55. In patients with a QCA diagnosis of normal/intermediate coronary atherosclerosis, the presence of a carotid-IMT(mean) > 1 mm was associated with an 18-fold increase in risk of having a positive IVUS test (OR = 17.99, 95% CI 1.83-177.14, P= 0.013) and with a seven-fold increased risk of having a significant IVUS coronary stenosis (OR = 7.4, 95% CI 1.27-44.0, P = 0.028).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carotid atherosclerosis correlates better with coronary atherosclerosis when both circulations are investigated by the same technique (ultrasound) using the same parameter (IMT). This supports the concept that carotid IMT is a good surrogate marker of coronary atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amato
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Montorsi
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ravani
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oldani
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galli
authors.forename: Paolo M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ravagnani
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tremoli
authors.forename: Damiano
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baldassarre
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000473:pathology; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D014463:Ultrasonography