title: A flavonoid glycoside isolated from Smilax china L. rhizome in vitro anticancer effects on human cancer cell lines.
abstract: The anticancer activity of eight crude extracts of Smilax china L. rhizome (SCR) against HeLa cells was assessed by MTT assay and clonogenic assay, the fraction rich in flavonoids had show good activity against HeLa cells. A bioassay-guided separation on this extract lead to the detection of kaempferol-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (KG), which belongs to flavonoid glycoside, displayed marked anticancer activity. We evaluated its in vitro cytotoxicity and antiproliferative effect in a panel of established cancer cell lines by MTT assay and clonogenic assay. KG induces A375 and HL60 cells apoptosis, which was demonstrated by morphological changes, DNA fragmentation and flow cytometric analysis. Fluorescent staining with Hoechst 33258 showed fragmentation and condensation of chromatin in the A375 and HL60 cells. Flow cytometric analysis shown that A375 and HL60 cells treated with KG resulted in the appearance of a hypodiploid peak (A0 region), probably due to the presence of apoptosing cells and/or apoptotic bodies with DNA content less than 2n. Quantitation of the hypodiploid cells shows a dose-dependent response to KG, and this result is in good accordance with that of the DNA fragmentation assay by agarose gel electrophoresis. Our results suggested that cell cycle arrest at G(1) phase and induce apoptosis as a mechanism by which KG exerts an antiproliferative effect.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuan-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Guo-Ping
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.forename: Hui-Zhan
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: He-Zhen
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chang-Long
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yong-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yan-Wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jian-Wen
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000187:drug effects; D005960:Glucosides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006027:Glycosides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D044949:Kaempferols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D030021:Pinellia; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D032281:Smilax / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005419:Flavonoids; D005960:Glucosides; D006027:Glycosides; D044949:Kaempferols; D010936:Plant Extracts; C524169:kaempferol 7-O-glucoside