title: Posterior reversible encephalopathy in a child with Langerhans cell histiocytosis following allogeneic PBSCT treatment with cyclosporine.
abstract: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is associated with a specific disorder of cerebrovascular autoregulation of multiple etiologies. This syndrome had been subsequently described in numerous medical conditions, including hypertensive encephalopathy, pre-eclampsia and the use with immunosuppressive drugs. Here, we report a child suffering from Langerhans cell histocytosis developing into PRES following immunosuppressive therapy. Symptoms and neuroimaging abnormalities were complete resolution subsequent to the withdrawal of cyclosporine. Although PRES is rarely seen among children, it should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute neurological illness, especially undergoing immunosuppressive therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Neihu, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Chieh
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Shyi-Jou
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shao-Hung
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lien
authors.forename: Chung-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Shin-Nang
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006646:Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D020343:Hypertensive Encephalopathy / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000209:etiology; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine