title: Geminicoccus roseus gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic phototrophic Alphaproteobacterium isolated from a marine aquaculture biofilter.
abstract: A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, diplococcoid bacterium (strain D2-3(T)) was isolated from the biofilter of a recirculating marine aquaculture system. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of D2-3(T) indicated that the new organism occupied a novel lineage within the alpha-1 subclass of Proteobacteria and was related to the genera Rhodothalassium, Azospirillum, Craurococcus, Acidiphilium, and Tistrella. The highest sequence similarity (90.8%) of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of D2-3(T) was to that of Candidatus "Alysiosphaera europaea". D2-3(T) was mesophilic, heterotrophic, required sea salt, and had a pH optimum of 8.0. Growth in the presence of light resulted in the formation of pink colonies, a 25% increased cell yield, and a slightly increased growth rate. D2-3(T) contained carotenoids and low amounts of bacteriochlorophyll a. Membranes of D2-3(T) contained b-type cytochromes. The G+C content of the DNA was 60.3+/-0.1mol%. Phylogenetic, morphological, physiological, and biochemical analyses demonstrated that D2-3(T) represented a new aerobic phototrophic genus, for which the name Geminicoccus roseus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed for the type species (D2-3(T)=DSM 18922(T)=ATCC BAA-1445(T)).
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecological Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: Bärbel U
authors.initials: BU
authors.lastname: Foesel
authors.forename: Anita S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gössner
authors.forename: Harold L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Drake
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schramm
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D020561:Alphaproteobacteria / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017756:Aquaculture; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D025541:Bacteriochlorophyll A / Q000032:analysis; D001482:Base Composition; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D045303:Cytochromes b / Q000032:analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000378:metabolism; D052817:Phototrophic Processes; D010802:Phylogeny; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012492:Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013696:Temperature; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D025541:Bacteriochlorophyll A; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012492:Salts; D002338:Carotenoids; D045303:Cytochromes b