Heart rate variability in rodents: uses and caveats in toxicological studies.
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of cardiac pacing dynamics that has recently garnered a great deal of interest in environmental health studies. While the use of these measures has become popular, much uncertainty remains in the interpretation of results, both in terms of human and animal research. In humans, HRV endpoints, specifically chronic alterations in baseline HRV patterns, have been reasonably well characterized as prognostic indicators of adverse outcomes for a variety of diseases. However, such information is lacking for reversible HRV changes that may be induced by short-term exposures to environmental toxicants. Furthermore, there are minimal substantive data, either acute or chronic, regarding the pathological interpretation or prognostic value of toxicant-induced changes in HRV in rodents. The present report summarizes the physiological and clinical aspects of HRV, the methodological processes for obtaining these endpoints, and previous human and animal studies in the field of environmental health. Furthermore, we include a discussion of important caveats and recommendations for the interpretation of HRV data in animal research.
Rowan
William H
WH
Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
Campen
Matthew J
MJ
Wichers
Lindsay B
LB
Watkinson
William P
WP
D000818:Animals; D003625:Data Collection; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D011379:Prognosis; D051381:Rats; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design; D014116:Toxicology / Q000379:methods*