title: [Biologic therapies in inflammatory bowel disease: anti-TNF and new therapeutic targets].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Advances in the understanding of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathophysiological mechanisms in the last few years have allowed the development of novel therapies such as biologic therapies. Theoretically, biologic therapies represent a more specific management of IBD with fewer effects.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Currently, infliximab is the only effective and widely accepted biologic therapy for the treatment of Crohn disease after the conventional therapies. Others anti-TNF therapies such as adalimumab or certolizumab will be soon an alternative treatment notably for patients with allergic reactions to infliximab and for those with lost of response because of anti-infliximab antibody development. Anti-integrin alpha4 therapies have been delayed by three progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy cases. Immunostimulating therapy may be highly relevant in the future with granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Efficacy of these new therapies will modify therapeutics of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and in particular decrease the use of corticosteroids, which are not well tolerated by the patients.
authors.affiliation: Institut des maladies de l'appareil digestif (IMAD), CHU Hôtel-Dieu, 1, place Alexis-Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes cedex 01, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Flamant
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bourreille
mesh_terms: D000068879:Adalimumab; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000517:prevention & control; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000069285:Infliximab; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000069285:Infliximab; D000068879:Adalimumab