title: Frequency of very low HCV viremia detected by a highly sensitive HCV-RNA assay.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Only limited data is available on the frequency and clinical significance of very low hepatitis C viremia (<600 IU/ml) determined by novel sensitive methods for HCV quantification.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the new Abbott m2000 RealTime PCR assay in 3213 consecutive anti-HCV-positive sera as well as in 50 HCV-recovered patients with sustained virological response to standard antiviral therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The assay showed a linear range between 10(1) IU/ml and 10(7) IU/ml for HCV genotypes 1-6. An HCV viremia below 600 IU/ml was detected more often with the m2000 RealTime PCR assay than with the Cobas Amplicor assay in viremic sera (7.1% versus 1.8%). Seventy-seven cases with HCV levels below 100 IU/ml not related to ongoing antiviral therapy were identified. An HCV-RNA of less than 12 IU/ml was found in nine of the 50 SVR patients. Two patients had a viral load of 34 IU/ml and 84 IU/ml, respectively, one of those showed persistently elevated ALT levels over a period of 5 years after the end of antiviral treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An HCV viremia below 600 IU/ml can be detected in almost every 40th anti-HCV-positive sera using real-time PCR based assays. Low persisting HCV-RNA in patients after antiviral therapy may be associated with mild liver inflammation in single cases.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Abteilung für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Endokrinologie, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fytili
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tiemann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schaffer
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Manns
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wedemeyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load; D014766:Viremia / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin