title: Birth-related spinal cord injuries: a multicentric review of nine cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to report a multicentric study of nine cases of children presenting with a birth-related spinal injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical charts of nine patients identified by a questionnaire sent to the members of the French Society of Paediatric Orthopaedics (SOFOP) were reviewed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pregnancy was uneventful in all cases. The fetal presentation was cephalic in three cases, a breech presentation in four cases, a face presentation in two cases. The lesion involved the cervical spine in six cases. Three patients presenting upper cervical injuries died before the age of 6 years. The six remaining patients experienced no neurological improvement. These rare conditions occur during difficult deliveries with abnormal presentations, the most common being a breech presentation with entrapment of the fetal head. In a child with hypotonia, flaccid quadriplegia or high thoracic paraplegia after a difficult delivery, a spinal cord injury must be suspected and plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) must be performed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Armand Trousseau Hospital, 26, avenue du Docteur Arnold Netter, Paris Cedex 12, 75571, France. raphael.vialle@trs.aphp.fr
authors.forename: Raphaël
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vialle
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Piétin-Vialle
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vinchon
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dauger
authors.forename: Brice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ilharreborde
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Glorion
mesh_terms: D001720:Birth Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007746:Labor Presentation; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*