Cellular energy sensing and signaling by AMP-activated protein kinase.
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an energy sensing/signaling protein that, when activated, increases ATP production by stimulating glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation while at the same time inhibiting ATP = consuming processes such as protein synthesis. Chronic activation of AMPK inhibits expression of lipogenic enzymes in the liver and enhances expression of mitochondrial oxidative enzymes in skeletal muscle. Deficiency of muscle LKB1, the upstream kinase of AMPK, results in greater fluctuation in energy charge during muscle contraction and decreased capacity for exercise at higher work rates. Because AMPK enhances both glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle, it has become a target for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Winder
William W
WW
Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA. William_winder@byu.edu
Thomson
David M
DM
D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000263:Adenylate Kinase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004735:Energy Transfer / Q000502:physiology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005246:Feedback / Q000502:physiology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology*; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008954:Models, Biological
D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; D000263:Adenylate Kinase