title: Difficult decisions in urologic oncology: management of high-grade T1 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
abstract: Management decisions for a patient with high grade (G3) T1 urothelial cancer of the bladder are critical. These tumors should not be classified as "superficial" since they are not confined to the urothelium. Patients with T1G3 bladder cancers are likely to have recurrence and the tumor will often progress, invade, metastasize, and cause death. Radical cystectomy as well as transurethral resection followed by intravesical BCG are acceptable initial therapies. This article reviews these treatment options and provides recommendations for management of high grade T1 tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL 33101, USA. msoloway@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Soloway
authors.forename: Cheryl T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Gary D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: Abdullah Al
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ghandi
authors.forename: Michael A S
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jewett
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008495:Medical Oncology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001500:BCG Vaccine