Cipura paludosa extract prevents methyl mercury-induced neurotoxicity in mice.
Cipura paludosa (Iridaceae), a native plant widely distributed in the north of Brazil, is used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent, against tuberculosis and gonorrhoea and for regulation of menstrual flow. However, scientific studies on the pharmacological properties of C. paludosa are scarce. We have examined the potential protective effects of the ethanolic extract of C. paludosa against methyl mercury (MeHg)-induced neurotoxicity in adult mice. MeHg was diluted in drinking water (40 mg/l, freely available) and the ethanolic C. paludosa extract (CE) was diluted in a 150 mM NaCl solution and administered by gavage (10 and 100 mg/kg body weight, respectively, twice a day). Because treatment lasted for 14 days and each animal weighed around 40 g, the total dosage of plant extract given to each mouse was 5.6 and 56 g, respectively. After the treatment period, MeHg exposure induced a significant deficit in the motor coordination, which was evident by a reduction (90%) in the falling latency in the rotarod apparatus. Interestingly, this phenomenon was completely recovered to control levels by CE co-administration, independent of dosages. MeHg exposure inhibited cerebellar glutathione peroxidase (mean percentage inhibition of 42%) - an important enzyme involved in the detoxification of endogenous peroxides - and this effect was prevented by co-administration of CE. Conversely, MeHg exposure increased cerebellar glutathione reductase activity (mean percentage inhibition of 70%), and this phenomenon was not affected by C. paludosa co-administration. Neither MeHg nor CE changed the cerebellar glutathione levels. This study has shown for the first time, the in vivo protective effects of CE against MeHg-induced neurotoxicity. In addition, our findings encourage studies concerning the beneficial effects of C. paludosa on neurological conditions related to excitotoxicity and oxidative stress.
Lucena
Greice M R de S
GM
Health Center, Federal University of Rondônia, Campus Universitário, José Ribeiro Filho, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.
Franco
Jeferson Luis
JL
Ribas
Camila Mafalda
CM
Azevedo
Mariângela S
MS
Meotti
Flávia Carla
FC
Gadotti
Vinicius M
VM
Dafre
Alcir Luiz
AL
Santos
Adair R S
AR
Farina
Marcelo
M
D000818:Animals; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D027621:Iridaceae; D008297:Male; D008767:Methylmercury Compounds / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000506:poisoning; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D008767:Methylmercury Compounds; D028321:Plant Preparations; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase