title: The effects of estrogen, progesterone, and C-erbB-2 receptor states on 18F-FDG uptake of primary breast cancer lesions.
abstract: The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate whether correlations exist between 18F-FDG uptake of primary breast cancer lesions and predictive and prognostic factors such as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and C-erbB-2 receptor (C-erbB-2R) states.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before undergoing partial or total mastectomy, 213 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer underwent 18F-FDG PET (5.2 MBq/kg of body weight). The maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) of the primary lesion was measured in each patient. Standard immunohistochemistry was performed on a surgical specimen of the cancer lesion to characterize the receptor state of the tumor cells. Pearson chi2 tests were performed on the cross-tables of different receptor states to test any association that may exist among ER, PR, and C-erbB-2R. Maximum SUV measurements for different receptor states were compared using factorial ANOVA in a completely random design.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After exclusion of certain lesions, 118 lesions were analyzed for this study. The mean maximum SUVs of ER-positive and ER-negative lesions were 3.03 +/- 0.26 and 5.64 +/- 0.75, whereas those of PR were 3.24 +/- 0.29 and 4.89 +/- 0.67, respectively, and those of C-erbB-2R were 4.64 +/- 0.70 and 3.70 +/- 0.35, respectively. Chi2 tests for ER and PR showed that if one is positive then the other tends to be positive as well (chi2 = 71.054, P < 0.01). For ER and C-erbB-2R states, if ER is positive, C-erbB-2R will more likely be negative (chi2 = 13.026, P < 0.01). No relationship was detected between PR and C-erbB-2R states (chi2 = 3.695, P > 0.05). ANOVAs showed that PR state alone (F = 0.095, P > 0.05) and C-erbB-2R state alone (F = 0.097, P > 0.05) had no effect on 18F-FDG uptake but ER state alone had an effect (F = 9.126, P < 0.01). ER and PR being together had no additional effect on 18F-FDG uptake. Our study also demonstrated that interactions exist between ER and C-erbB-2R state and between PR and C-erbB-2R state.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SUV measurements may provide valuable information about the state of ER, PR, and C-erbB-2R and the associated glucose metabolism as measured by 18F-FDG uptake of the primary breast cancer lesions. Such an association may be of importance to treatment planning and outcome in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mavi
authors.forename: Tevfik F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Cermik
authors.forename: Muammer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urhan
authors.forename: Halis
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Puskulcu
authors.forename: Sandip
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Basu
authors.forename: Jian Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Hongming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Czerniecki
authors.forename: Abass
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alavi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone