Nonoperative management of spasticity in children.
Central to the longitudinal management of childhood hypertonia are nonsurgical treatments. These include physical and occupational therapy, electrical stimulation, orthotics, botulium toxin, and drugs. This manuscripts reviews these treatment modalities as well as evaluation tools available to assess their impact on a child's hypertonia.
Ronan
Susan
S
Department of Physical Therapy, School of Public Health, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Gold
Joan T
JT
D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000628:therapy*; D010372:Pediatrics; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D026761:Physical Therapy Specialty
D001905:Botulinum Toxins