Inhibition of fouling by marine bacteria immobilised in kappa-carrageenan beads.
Antifouling solutions that leave little or no impact in the world's oceans are constantly being sought. This study employed the immobilisation of the antifouling bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata in kappa-carrageenan to demonstrate how a surface may be protected from fouling by bacteria, i.e. a 'living paint'. Attempts so far to produce a 'living paint' have been limited in both longevity of effectiveness and demonstration of applicability, most noticeably regarding the lack of any field data. Here survival of bacteria immobilised in kappa-carrageenan for 12 months in the laboratory is demonstrated and evidence presented for inhibition of fouling for up to 7 weeks in the field (Sydney Harbour, NSW, Australia).
Yee
Lachlan H
LH
Centre for Marine Biofouling and Bio-Innovation, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. L.Yee@unsw.edu.au
Holmström
Carola
C
Fuary
Evi T
ET
Lewin
Nigel C
NC
Kjelleberg
Staffan
S
Steinberg
Peter D
PD
D002351:Carrageenan; D018914:Cells, Immobilized / Q000502:physiology*; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006358:Hot Temperature; D050296:Microbial Viability; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D010150:Paint; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D031161:Pseudoalteromonas / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors
D002351:Carrageenan