title: [Prognostic analysis of moderate tongue squamous cell carcinoma cases and the value of induction chemotherapy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of induction chemotherapy on the patients with moderate tongue squamous cell carcinoma and to investigate the factors that influence prognosis of these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twenty two patients with moderate tongue squamous cell carcinoma (stage II-III, T2-3 N0/T1-3N1), treated from Jan. 1990 to Dec. 1999 were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 69 and 53 patients were received operation alone and operation after induction chemotherapy respectively [cisplatin + 5-fluorouracil + bleomycin-A5 (PBF), 17 cases; bleomycin-A5, 36 cases]. Survival rate was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analysis by the Cox proportional hazard model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean follow-time of all patients were (79.9 +/- 49.8) (x +/- s) months (range: 7 to 177 months), and 45 patients died (including 5 lost to follow up) , 66 of 77 patients alive followed more than 5 years. The overall 3-year and 5-year survival rate were 79.4% and 69. 0% respectively. The overall 3-year and 5-year free-disease survival rate were 71.7% and 66. 3% respectively. The survival rate of 3-year and 5-year was 82.5% and 73.1% respectively for the group of operation alone; 82.4% and 70.1% respectively for the group of operation after induction chemotherapy with PBF, 72.2% and 61.1% respectively for the group of operation after induction chemotherapy with bleomycin-A5; and there were no significant difference between the above three groups (chi2 = 0.42, P = 0.8106). The locoregional recurrence rate were 30.4%, 41.2% and 38.9% for the operation alone group, operation after PBF induction chemotherapy group and operation after bleomycin-A5 induction chemotherapy group respectively. No significant benefit on decreasing locoregional recurrence (chi2 = 1.148, P = 0.563) or distant metastasis rate (chi2 = 2.305, P = 0.316) were found by induction chemotherapy by univariate analysis. Using multivariate analysis, risk factor that independently influence survival was the recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Risk factors that independently influence survival of moderate tongue squamous cell carcinoma was the locoregional recurrence. No significant benefit on improving survival rate or decreasing locoregional recurrence or metastasis rate were found by induction chemotherapy, there was no difference between the two induction chemotherapy schemes on the survival rate or locoregional recurrence or metastasis rate of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Yunnan Provincial Tumor Hospital, Kunming 650118, China.
authors.forename: Chuan-zheng
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Fu-jin
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiao-jiang
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zong-yuan
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.forename: Li-fei
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Yan-feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult