title: Acute and chronic effects of the insecticide-endosulfan on freshwater cladoceran, Moina macrocopa straus.
abstract: Acute and chronic effects of insecticide-endosulfan on the survival and reproduction performance of Moina macrocopa were determined in a laboratory study. Endosulfan concentrations that cause 50% mortality (LC50) after exposure for 24 and 48 h were 3.34 and 0.16 mg L(-1), respectively. Average longevity, initial age of reproduction and intrinsic rate of natural increase were reduced at 0.002 mg L(-1). Fecundity was greatly reduced by about 70% at 0.0004 mg L(-1) and approximately 97% at 0.002 mg L(-1) as compared to control organisms throughout the whole life span of 15 days. If environmental concentration of endosulfan do not exceed 0.0004 mg L(-1), application of this insecticide is unlikely to induce detrimental effects on these cladoceran populations in agro-ecosystem.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agro-technology, Faculty of Agro-technology and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia. chuahts@umt.edu.my
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Chuah
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Loh
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Hii
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D033361:Cladocera / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000633:toxicity*; D005618:Fresh Water; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D004726:Endosulfan