title: Remission of steroid- and CyA-resistant nephrotic syndrome using multiple drug immunosuppression.
abstract: Nephrotic proteinuria in minimal change disease (MCD) is supposed to be due to a circulating factor of immunologic origin. End-stage renal failure occurs if both steroids and immunosuppressive drugs remain ineffective. Three children (2 years, 3 years, and 6 years of age) with secondary steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (NS) were included, as they remained resistant to 30 days of treatment with prednisone (60 mg/m(2) per day), three pulses of methylprednisolone (1 g/1.73 m(2)) followed by oral administration of CyA 7.5 mg/kg per day over 2 months, and 1 month of intravenous (i.v.) administration of cyclosporine (blood level 500-600 ng/ml). All three patients were partially responsive to methylprednisolone pulses, with an increase of serum albumin by 100%. They were treated with plasma exchanges, cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine A, both given orally, pefloxacin and methylprednisolone pulses followed by orally administered prednisone. All three patients went into remission within 2 to 5 weeks. The character of their NS changed to a steroid-sensitive one. There were no significant side effects from the therapy. They had normal renal function, normal blood pressure and no residual proteinuria. A combination of plasmapheresis and multiple immunosuppressive medications was effective in producing remission of minimal change NS in three children who were previously resistant to glucocorticoids and cyclosporine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology and INSERM U515, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, University Paris VI, 26, Avenue du Docteur Netter, 75571 Paris, France. tim.ulinski@trs.aphp.fr
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ulinski
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Perrin
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Guigonis
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Driss
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Deschênes
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bensman
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine