Neuroleptic malignant syndrome and serotonin syndrome.
This chapter is focused on drug-induced hyperthermia with special regard to use of antipsychotics and antidepressants for the treatment of schizophrenia and major depression, respectively. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) develops during the use of neuroleptics, whereas serotonin syndrome is caused mainly by serotoninergic antidepressants. Although both syndromes show various symptoms, hyperthermia is the main clinical manifestation. In this review we describe the historical background, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of these two syndromes based on our observations on the experimental and clinical data.
Nisijima
Koichi
K
Department of Psychiatry, Jichi Medical University, Minamikawachi-Machi, Kawachi-Gun, Tochigi-Ken 329-0498, Japan. psychiat@jichi.ac.jp
Shioda
Katsutoshi
K
Iwamura
Tatsunori
T
D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005334:Fever / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy; D018490:Serotonin Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D018490:Serotonin Agents