title: Fatal toxic myopathy attributed to propofol, methylprednisolone, and cyclosporine after prior exposure to colchicine and simvastatin.
abstract: We report a fatal case of toxic myopathy in a patient with a transplanted heart for severe ischemic coronary artery disease. He was on long-term cyclosporine, prednisone, and mycofenolate. Four months before the development of proximal muscle weakness, his simvastatin dose was doubled, and he was also started on colchicine for acute exacerbation of gout. He developed progressive muscle weakness leading to shortness of breath and hospitalization for respiratory failure. Colchicine and simvastatin were stopped on admission. He received high-dose methylprednisolone for continued muscle weakness while he was sedated with propofol. These changes led to a marked elevation of creatine kinase, peaking at 33,580 U/ml. The muscle biopsy revealed toxic vacuolization, mitochondrial damage, and no evidence of inflammation. Based on the timing of events, the combination of propofol, high-dose methylprednisolone, and cyclosporine have triggered rhabdomyolysis, which may have been facilitated by prior administration of colchicine and simvastatin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA. FrancisL@upstate.edu
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bonilla
authors.forename: Ekaterina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Soforo
authors.forename: Hom
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Neupane
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakhla
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.forename: Andras
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perl
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003078:Colchicine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D015742:Propofol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D016572:Cyclosporine; D019821:Simvastatin; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D003078:Colchicine; D008775:Methylprednisolone; D015742:Propofol