title: Diarrhea and fever as risk factors for anemia among children under age five living in urban slum areas of Indonesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize diarrhea and fever as risk factors for anemia among children in developing countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  We characterized risk factors for anemia in a sample of 32873 children, aged 6-59 months, from poor families in urban slum areas of Indonesia from 2000 to 2003.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of anemia was 58.7%. In separate multivariate models, after adjusting for age, sex, stunting, maternal age and education, and weekly per capita household expenditure, current diarrhea (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.07-1.35, p=0.002), current fever (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.18-1.75, p<0.0001), and a history of diarrhea in the previous seven days (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03-1.23, p=0.024) were associated with an increased risk of anemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diarrhea and fever are important risk factors for anemia among young children living in urban slum communities in Indonesia.
authors.affiliation: The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 550 N. Broadway, Suite 700, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. rdsemba@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Semba
authors.forename: Saskia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Pee
authors.forename: Michelle O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Ricks
authors.forename: Mayang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sari
authors.forename: Martin W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Bloem
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011204:Poverty Areas; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014505:Urban Population