title: Detection of infective Nosema ceranae (Microsporidia) spores in corbicular pollen of forager honeybees.
abstract: Nosema ceranae is a Microsporidia recently described as a parasite in Apis mellifera honeybees in Europe. Due to the short time since its description, no epidemiological data are available. In this study, spore detection in both pollen baskets and pollen collected from commercial traps is described (PCM, TEM and PCR methods). Spore infectivity is shown after artificial infection of Nosema-free adult bees. The epidemiological consequences of the presence of Nosema spores in corbicular pollen require more study and must be considered in beekeeping practices.
authors.affiliation: Regional Apicultural Center, Dirección General de la Producción Agropecuaria, Consejería de Agricultura, Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha, 19180 Marchamalo, Guadalajara, Spain. mhiges@jccm.es
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Higes
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martín-Hernández
authors.forename: Encarna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garrido-Bailón
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: García-Palencia
authors.forename: Aránzazu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meana
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000469:parasitology*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008858:Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; D016881:Microsporidiosis / Q000635:transmission*; D016818:Nosema / Q000502:physiology*; D011058:Pollen / Q000469:parasitology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000302:isolation & purification*