Phenotypical characteristics of group B streptococcus in parturients.
Colonization by Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is highly prevalent among pregnant women, with prevalence rates ranging between 4% and 30%. The infection may be transmitted vertically and may result in serious neonatal consequences. In the period from November 2003 to May 2004, a cross-sectional study was carried out among 316 parturients at the Jundiaí Teaching Hospital to establish the prevalence of genital GBS colonization, to identify the factors associated with colonization and the characteristic phenotypes of these streptococci. Samples from rectal and vaginal areas were collected for selective culture in Todd-Hewitt broth. Susceptibility to 7 antimicrobial agents was tested using the antibiotic diffusion disk technique, and the isolated strains were classified using specific antisera. The prevalence of GBS colonization was 14.6%. No strain was resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin or nitrofurantoin. The majority of strains were sensitive to cephalothin. Greatest resistance was to gentamicin (76.1%), followed by clindamycin (17.4%). The most frequent serotype was Ib (23.9%), followed by serotypes II and Ia (19.6% and 17.4%, respectively). There was no correlation between serotype and greater antimicrobial resistance. In conclusion, the prevalence of GBS in parturients was high and penicillin continues to be the drug of choice for intrapartum prophylaxis. The most frequent serotype (Ib) found in this study differs from those found in the majority of studies carried out in other countries, revealing the need to identify prevalent serotypes in each region so that specific vaccines can be designed.
Simoes
Jose Antonio
JA
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. jsimoes@caism.unicamp.br
Alves
Valeria Moraes Neder
VM
Fracalanzza
Sergio Eduardo Longo
SE
de Camargo
Rodrigo Pauperio Soares
RP
Mathias
Lenir
L
Milanez
Helaine Maria Besteti Pires
HM
Brolazo
Eliane Melo
EM
D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002353:Carrier State / Q000382:microbiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010641:Phenotype; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000382:microbiology*; D012007:Rectum / Q000382:microbiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012703:Serotyping; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents