title: A comparative study of 188Re-HEDP, 186Re-HEDP, 153Sm-EDTMP and 89Sr in the treatment of painful skeletal metastases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The surface bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals 188Re-HEDP, 186Re-HEDP and 153Sm-EDTMP, and the volume seeker 89Sr were investigated to determine the efficacy and toxicity in pain palliation of bone metastases.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of treatment with 188Re-HEDP, 186Re-HEDP, 153Sm-EDTMP and 89Sr on pain symptoms, quality of life, and bone marrow function were studied. In total, 79 patients (18 with breast cancer and 61 with prostate cancer) were treated (31 patients with 188Re-HEDP, 15 patients each with 186Re-HEDP and 153Sm-EDTMP, and 18 patients with 89Sr). All patients were interviewed using standardized sets of questions before and after therapy weekly for 12 weeks. Blood counts were taken weekly for 6 weeks and after 12 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 73% of patients reported pain relief (77% after 188Re-HEDP, 67% after 186Re-HEDP 73% after 153Sm-EDTMP, and 72% after 89Sr). Fifteen percent of patients could discontinue their analgesics and were pain-free. Pain showed a decrease from 3.6+/-1.7 to a maximum of 2.2+/-1.8 at visual analogue scale in 10 steps (P<0.01). Patients described an improvement on the Karnofsky performance scale from 70+/-10% to 78+/-14% 12 weeks after treatment (P=0.15). There were eight patients with a thrombocytopenia grade I, two patients with grade II and one with grade III. The maximum nadir of platelet and leukocyte counts were observed between the 2nd to 5th week after treatment and was reversible within 12 weeks. There were no significant differences in pain palliation, Karnofsky performance status (KPS) and bone marrow toxicity between the different radionuclides (P=0.087-0.449).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All radiopharmaceuticals were effective in pain palliation, without induction of severe side effects or significant differences in therapeutic efficacy or toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Dresden, Germany. knut.liepe@klinikum-kassel.de
authors.forename: Knut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liepe
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kotzerke
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D012968:Etidronic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D011788:Quality of Life; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013324:Strontium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C101598:rhenium-186 HEDP; C061972:samarium Sm-153 lexidronam; C025700:strontium chloride; D012968:Etidronic Acid; D013324:Strontium