Protective effects of ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg1, and notoginsenoside R1 on lipopolysaccharide-induced microcirculatory disturbance in rat mesentery.
Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), and notoginsenoside R1 (R1) are major active components of Panax notoginseng, a Chinese herb that is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to enhance blood circulation and dissipate blood stasis. To evaluate the effect of these saponins on microcirculatory disturbance induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), vascular hemodynamics in rat mesentery was observed continuously during their administration using an inverted microscope and a high speed video camera system. LPS administration decreased red blood cell velocity but Rb1, Rg1, and R1 attenuated this effect. LPS administration caused leukocyte adhesion to the venular wall, mast cell degranulation, and the release of cytokines. Rb1, Rg1, and R1 reduced the number of adherent leukocytes, and inhibited mast cell degranulation and cytokine elevation. In vitro experiments using flow cytometry further demonstrated that a) the LPS-enhanced expression of CD11b/CD18 by neutrophils was significantly depressed by Rb1 and R1, and b) hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) release from neutrophils in response to LPS stimulation was inhibited by treatment with Rg1 and R1. These results suggest that the protective effect of Rb1 and R1 against leukocyte adhesion elicited by LPS may be associated with their suppressive action on the expression of CD11b/CD18 by neutrophils. The protective effect against mast cell degranulation by Rb1 and R1, and the blunting of H(2)O(2) release from neutrophils by Rg1 and R1 suggest mechanistic diversity in the effects of Panax notoginseng saponins in the attenuation of microcirculatory disturbance induced by LPS.
Sun
Kai
K
Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Wang
Chuan-She
CS
Guo
Jun
J
Horie
Yoshinori
Y
Fang
Su-Ping
SP
Wang
Fang
F
Liu
Yu-Ying
YY
Liu
Lian-Yi
LY
Yang
Ji-Ying
JY
Fan
Jing-Yu
JY
Han
Jing-Yan
JY
D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012212:Rheology; D013152:Splanchnic Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D014699:Venules / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects
D039481:CD11b Antigen; D016207:Cytokines; D036145:Ginsenosides; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C442759:ginsenoside Rb1; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; C035054:ginsenoside Rg1; C072936:notoginsenoside R1