title: The extracorporeal perfusion of the female pig detrusor as an experimental model for the study of bladder contractility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to establish an experimental model for the extracorporeal perfusion of the pig detrusor. In order to validate this model we examined some biochemical parameters and determined the effect of carbachol on the contractility of perfused female pig bladders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six pig bladders were perfused with Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate-glucose buffer for a period up to 5 hr with the aim to preserve a viable organ, which would be responsive to contraction-inducing agents. The intravesical pressure of the bladder as well as the intraarterial pressure of the vesical arteries were recorded before and after administration of carbachol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The perfusate pH, lactate, partial carbon dioxide tension, and the ATP content in the perfused tissue, all indicators of tissue ischemia or cell necrosis, showed a good preservation of the organ for up to 5 hr. Carbachol was able to induce contractions of the prefilled bladder with a complete draining of the bladder throughout the whole perfusion period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We could demonstrate that this perfusion system was able to preserve the pig bladder in a functional condition, appropriate for the study of physiological questions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany. ralf.dittrich@gyn.imed.uni-erlangen.de
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dittrich
authors.forename: Matthias W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Beckmann
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maake
authors.forename: Patricia G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Oppelt
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Naumann
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koelbl
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maltaris
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D018679:Cholinergic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D023421:Models, Animal; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018679:Cholinergic Agonists; D002217:Carbachol