title: Steady state dendritic cells present parenchymal self-antigen and contribute to, but are not essential for, tolerization of naive and Th1 effector CD4 cells.
abstract: Bone marrow-derived APC are critical for both priming effector/memory T cell responses to pathogens and inducing peripheral tolerance in self-reactive T cells. In particular, dendritic cells (DC) can acquire peripheral self-Ags under steady state conditions and are thought to present them to cognate T cells in a default tolerogenic manner, whereas exposure to pathogen-associated inflammatory mediators during the acquisition of pathogen-derived Ags appears to reprogram DCs to prime effector and memory T cell function. Recent studies have confirmed the critical role of DCs in priming CD8 cell effector responses to certain pathogens, although the necessity of steady state DCs in programming T cell tolerance to peripheral self-Ags has not been directly tested. In the current study, the role of steady state DCs in programming self-reactive CD4 cell peripheral tolerance was assessed by combining the CD11c-diphtheria toxin receptor transgenic system, in which DC can be depleted via treatment with diphtheria toxin, with a TCR-transgenic adoptive transfer system in which either naive or Th1 effector CD4 cells are induced to undergo tolerization after exposure to cognate parenchymally derived self-Ag. Although steady state DCs present parenchymal self-Ag and contribute to the tolerization of cognate naive and Th1 effector CD4 cells, they are not essential, indicating the involvement of a non-DC tolerogenic APC population(s). Tolerogenic APCs, however, do not require the cooperation of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells. Similarly, DC were required for maximal priming of naive CD4 cells to vaccinia viral-Ag, but priming could still occur in the absence of DC.
authors.affiliation: Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
authors.forename: Adam T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Hagymasi
authors.forename: Aaron M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Slaiby
authors.forename: Marianne A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mihalyo
authors.forename: Harry Z
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Qui
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Zammit
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lefrancois
authors.forename: Adam J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Adler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology*; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D016192:Resting Phase, Cell Cycle / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus