title: Empirical evaluation of language disorder in schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies of the content of speech and of verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia point to dysfunction at multiple levels of language. In this study, we empirically evaluated language processes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the performance of 22 schizophrenia patients and 11 healthy control subjects with procedures designed to explore the sublexical, lexical, semantic, syntactic and discourse levels of language processing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Schizophrenia patients exhibit impairment in the recognition of incorrect, but not correct, linguistic stimuli at all but the sublexical level of language processing. The patients were not impaired in the recognition of nonlinguistic stimuli.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This language-specific differential impairment could explain speech abnormalities in schizophrenia. The nonrecognition of incorrect linguistic information would prevent patients from correcting the abnormal speech they may occasionally produce. A model of decreased power of linguistic computations (reduced number of operations) adequately accounts for this differential impairment.
authors.affiliation: Domenici Research Center for Mental Illness, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA. mstephan@umn.edu
authors.forename: Massoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stephane
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pellizzer
authors.forename: Charles R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McClannahan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007806:Language Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D007807:Language Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012564:Schizophrenic Language