title: Reflex responsiveness of a human hand muscle when controlling isometric force and joint position.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared reflex responsiveness of the first dorsal interosseus muscle during two tasks that employ different strategies to stabilize the finger while exerting the same net muscle torque.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy human subjects performed two motor tasks that involved either pushing up against a rigid restraint to exert a constant isometric force equal to 20% of maximum or maintaining a constant angle at the metacarpophalangeal joint while supporting an equivalent inertial load. Each task consisted of six 40-s contractions during which electrical and mechanical stimuli were delivered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The amplitude of short and long latency reflex responses to mechanical stretch did not differ significantly between tasks. In contrast, reflexes evoked by electrical stimulation were significantly greater when supporting the inertial load.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Agonist motor neurons exhibited heightened reflex responsiveness to synaptic input from heteronymous afferents when controlling the position of an inertial load. Task differences in the reflex response to electrical stimulation were not reflected in the response to mechanical perturbation, indicating a difference in the efficacy of the pathways that mediate these effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results from this study suggest that modulation of spinal reflex pathways may contribute to differences in the control of force and position during isometric contractions of the first dorsal interosseus muscle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0354, USA. katrina.maluf@uchsc.edu
authors.forename: Katrina S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Maluf
authors.forename: Benjamin K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: Zachary A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: Roger M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Enoka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction; D008662:Metacarpophalangeal Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000502:physiology; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D011930:Reaction Time; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology*; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology; D019415:Torque; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology