title: Treatment-related improvement in physical function varies with duration of rheumatoid arthritis: a pooled analysis of clinical trial results.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Physical function in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has reversible and irreversible components, and is typically assessed by the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ). Since irreversible components are expected to increase with longer duration of RA and reduce the ability for improvement in physical function, we analysed responsiveness of HAQ scores in patient populations with differing RA durations in randomised controlled trials (RCTs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from all RCTs published between 1980 and 2005 that reported changes from baseline in HAQ at 6 and/or 12 months were analysed. Treatments were grouped as "biologics", or "traditional" disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and "placebo". We computed effect sizes of HAQ in each trial, and contrasted the association between these effects and duration of RA among treatment groups using regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 42 RCTs with complete data for the statistical models. The models indicate that discrimination of functional improvement between active drug groups and placebo is reduced in patients with a longer duration of RA (p = 0.02 for the change in discrimination over time). The placebo-adjusted HAQ responses decreased on average by 0.37 per year of RA duration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Responsiveness in HAQ scores is inversely associated with mean disease duration in RA. This impacts assessment of physical function, a key outcome measure in RCTs and practice, and impacts the ability to discriminate active treatment from placebo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Austria. daniel.aletaha@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aletaha
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Strand
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Smolen
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ward
mesh_terms: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents