Survival in an extreme habitat: the roles of behaviour and energy limitation.
Extreme habitats challenge animals with highly adverse conditions, like extreme temperatures or toxic substances. In this paper, we report of a fish (Poecilia mexicana) inhabiting a limestone cave in Mexico. Several springs inside the cave are rich in toxic H(2)S. We demonstrate that a behavioural adaptation, aquatic surface respiration (ASR), allows for the survival of P. mexicana in this extreme, sulphidic habitat. Without the possibility to perform ASR, the survival rate of P. mexicana was low even at comparatively low H(2)S concentrations. Furthermore, we show that food limitation affects the survival of P. mexicana pointing to energetically costly physiological adaptations to detoxify H(2)S.
Plath
Martin
M
Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, Potsdam, Germany.
Tobler
Michael
M
Riesch
Rüdiger
R
García de León
Francisco J
FJ
Giere
Olav
O
Schlupp
Ingo
I
D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D002980:Climate; D017753:Ecosystem; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D008800:Mexico; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011036:Poecilia / Q000502:physiology*; D011156:Population Density; D012623:Seawater