title: A hydrophilic cyclodextrin duplex forming supramolecular assemblies by physical cross-linking of a biopolymer.
abstract: New beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) dimeric species have been synthesised in which the two CD moieties are connected by one or two hydrophilic oligo(ethylene oxide) spacers. Their complexation with sodium adamantylacetate (free adamantane) and adamantane-grafted chitosan (AD-chitosan) was then studied by different complementary techniques and compared with their hydrophobic counterparts that contain an octamethylene spacer. Isothermal titration calorimetry experiments have demonstrated that the use of hydrophilic spacers between the two CDs instead of aliphatic chains makes almost all of the CD cavities available for the inclusion of free adamantane. Investigation of the interaction of the CDs with AD-chitosan by viscosity measurements strongly suggests that the molecular conformation of the CD dimeric species plays a crucial role in their cross-linking with the biopolymer. The derivative doubly linked with hydrophilic arms, also called a duplex, has been shown to be a more efficient cross-linking agent than its singly bridged counterpart, referred to as a dimer. Hence, only 0.5 molar equivalents of the hydrophilic duplex with respect to adamantane was required to obtain the maximum viscosity, whereas in the case of the duplex with aliphatic spacers, the maximum viscosity was achieved with a [duplex]/[AD] ratio of about 1.7 (corresponding to a [CD]/[AD] ratio of 2.5), but with a higher value. To clarify the relationships between the molecular architecture and complexation properties, computational studies were also performed that clearly confirmed the importance of double bridging.
authors.affiliation: Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (FR 2769), ENS, Département de Chimie, UMR CNRS 8642, 75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Olivia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bistri
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mazeau
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Auzély-Velty
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sollogoub
mesh_terms: D000218:Adamantane / Q000737:chemistry; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry*; D003505:Cyclodextrins / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D019281:Dimerization; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D008956:Models, Chemical; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009010:Monte Carlo Method
chemical_list: D001704:Biopolymers; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D003505:Cyclodextrins; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D000218:Adamantane