title: Confirmation of the initial pressure setting in Codman-Hakim programmable valves under magnification--technical note.
abstract: Codman-Hakim programmable valves allow neurosurgeons to adjust the opening pressure to the patient's particular clinical needs. However, the pressure control cam is extremely small, so identification of the pressure indicator and its operation is somewhat difficult when initially setting the opening pressure before implantation. We employed a commercial loupe on the program transmitter unit to sufficiently enlarge the view of the cam for clear identification. We recommend that the manufacturer to incorporate a loupe to provide a more sophisticated product.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan. nakahara19@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakahara
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Utsuki
authors.forename: Sachio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Hidehiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Kiyotaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujii
mesh_terms: D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004322:Drainage / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007427:Intracranial Pressure; D012015:Reference Standards; D012984:Software