Development of Y chromosome intraspecific polymorphic markers in the Felidae.
Y chromosome haplotyping based on microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has proved to be a powerful tool for population genetic studies of humans. However, the promise of the approach is hampered in the majority of nonhuman mammals by the lack of Y-specific polymorphic markers. We were able to identify new male-specific polymorphisms in the domestic cat Felis catus and 6 additional Felidae species with a combination of molecular genetic and cytogenetic approaches including 1) identifying domestic cat male-specific microsatellites from markers generated from a male cat microsatellite-enriched genomic library, a flow-sorted Y cosmid library, or a Y-specific cat bacteria artificial chromosome (BAC) clone, (2) constructing microsatellite-enriched libraries from flow-sorted Y chromosomes isolated directly from focal wildcat species, and (3) screening Y chromosome conserved anchored tagged sequences primers in Felidae species. Forty-one male-specific microsatellites were identified, but only 6 were single-copy loci, consistent with the repetitive nature of the Y chromosome. Nucleotide diversity (pi) of Y-linked intron sequences (2.1 kbp) was in the range of 0 (tiger) to 9.95 x 10(-4) (marbled cat), and the number of SNPs ranged from none in the tiger to 7 in the Asian leopard cat. The Y haplotyping system described here, consisting of 4 introns (SMCY3, SMCY7, UTY11, and DBY7) and 1 polymorphic microsatellite (SMCY-STR), represents the first available markers for tracking intraspecific male lineage polymorphisms in Felidae species and promises to provide significant insights to evolutionary and population genetic studies of the species.
Luo
Shu-Jin
SJ
Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA. luos@ncifcrf.gov
Johnson
Warren E
WE
David
Victor A
VA
Menotti-Raymond
Marilyn
M
Stanyon
Roscoe
R
Cai
Qing Xiu
QX
Beck
Thomas
T
Yuhki
Naoya
N
Pecon-Slattery
Jill
J
Smith
James L D
JL
O'Brien
Stephen J
SJ
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002415:Cats / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D017931:DNA Primers; D045989:Felidae / Q000235:genetics*; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014998:Y Chromosome
D017931:DNA Primers