title: Hydroxyl radical mediated degradation of phenylarsonic acid.
abstract: Phenyl-substituted arsonic acids have been widely used as feed additives in the poultry industry. While very few studies have been reported on the environmental impact of these compounds, they have been introduced into the environment through land application of poultry litter in large quantities (about 10(6) kg/year). Phenylarsonic acid (PA) was used as a model for problematic arsonic acids. Dilute aqueous solutions of PA were subjected to gamma radiolysis under hydroxyl radical generating conditions, which showed rapid degradation of PA. Product studies indicate addition of (.)OH to the phenyl ring forms the corresponding phenols as the primary products. Arsenite, H3As(III)O3, and arsenate, H3As(V)O4, were also identified as products. The optimized structures and relative calculated energies (using GAUSSIAN 98, the B3LYP/6-31G(d) method) of the various transient intermediates are consistent with the product studies. Pulse radiolysis was used to determine the rate constants of PA with (.)OH (k = 3.2 x 10(9) M(-1) s(-1)) and SO4(.-) (k = 1.0 x 10(9) M(-1) s(-1)). PA reacts slower toward O(.-) (k = 1.9 x 10(7) M(-1) s(-1)) and N3(.) (no detectable transient), due to the lower oxidation potential of these two radicals. Our results indicate advanced oxidative processes employing (.)OH and SO4(.-) can be effective for the remediation of phenyl-substituted arsonic acids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA.
authors.forename: Tielian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Prashant V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Kamat
authors.forename: Sachin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Alexander M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Mebel
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Kevin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: O'Shea
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D019649:Food Industry; D005720:Gamma Rays; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry*; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007700:Kinetics; D011200:Poultry
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; C020979:benzenearsonic acid