title: [Correlations of GRIM-19 and its target gene product STAT3 to malignancy of human colorectal carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  GRIM-19 (gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19) gene is a specific protein to inhibit signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3). STAT3 and its pathway are involved in modulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and mediating malignant transformation of cells. This study was to investigate the expression of GRIM-19 and its target gene STAT3 in human colorectal carcinoma tissues, and explore their roles in the tumorigenesis of colorectal carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of GRIM-19, STAT3 and its activated form p-STAT3 in 40 specimens of colorectal carcinoma, adjacent tissue, and normal tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The correlations of the expression of GRIM-19, STAT3, and p-STAT3 to various clinicopathologic characteristics of colorectal carcinoma were analyzed statistically. The mRNA expression and gene mutation of GRIM-19 in colon cancer cell line SW480 and 23 specimens of colorectal carcinoma, adjacent tissue, and normal tissue were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of both STAT3 and p-STAT3 were up-regulated in colorectal carcinoma. The mRNA and protein expression of GRIM-19 was obviously lower in colorectal carcinoma than in normal tissues. The expression of GRIM-19 was correlated to clinical stage and cell differentiation of colorectal cancer (P< 0.05). GRIM-19 expression in colorectal cancer was negatively correlated to STAT3 and p-STAT3 expression (Chi2 = 9.95, P = 0.00; Chi2 = 5.10, P = 0.02). No mutation of GRIM-19 gene was detected in colorectal carcinoma tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The low expression or absence of GRIM-19 may play an important role in the tumorigenesis of colorectal carcinoma. The high expression of STAT3 and the low expression of GRIM-19 co-exist in colorectal carcinoma, and may be related to malignant transformation and abnormal proliferation of cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cancer Research/Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Long-Bo
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Xue-Lai
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Shuang-You
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: De-Ding
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Jun-Bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494086:STAT3 protein, human; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; C439057:NDUFA13 protein, human