title: AIDS-related opportunistic mycoses seen in a tertiary care hospital in North India.
abstract: Sixty symptomatic confirmed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive adult patients, of both sexes, suspected of having a fungal infection were taken as a study population, and the clinicomycological profile was correlated with the immunological status of the patients with particular reference to CD4 counts. Relevant samples were collected and subjected to direct microscopy, fungal culture and serology. CD4 counts were determined by flow cytometry. Patients belonged to the age group of 17-65 years, with a male : female ratio of 4.8 : 1. Heterosexuality was the commonest mode of transmission. Candidiasis was the most common diagnosis (41.7 %), followed by cryptococcosis (10.0 %), and pneumocystinosis and aspergillosis (8.3 % each). Two cases of histoplasmosis were also diagnosed. A low mean CD4 count of <200 cells microl(-1) was seen with most fungal infections. A total of 73 % of patients belonged to World Health Organization (WHO) stage 4, while 23.33 % belonged to stage 3. Thirty one patients (51.67 %) belonged to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) stage C3. Various fungal infections correlated well with the mean CD4 counts. It was difficult to correlate statistically WHO and CDC staging because of the small sample size. However, it was possible to assess to a limited extent the possibility of using clinical diagnosis to predict the status of progression of HIV infection in a resource-poor outpatient setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Anupriya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wadhwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Ravinder
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Satish Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Shyama
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Preena
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhalla
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002175:Candida / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV; D020010:Heterosexuality; D006782:Hospitals, Special; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009181:Mycoses / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D012747:Sexual Partners