Beta-tricalcium phosphate release from brushite cement surface.
Different in vivo studies demonstrated that brushite cements are biocompatible, bioresorbable, and osteoconductive. However, the decay of brushite cements has been scarcely studied even though it may be of great concern for clinical applications in highly blood-perfused regions. This work was elaborated to elucidate factors that determine brushite cement surface disintegration. For that, brushite cements were modified using in their preparation different aqueous solutions of phosphoric, glycolic, tartaric, and citric acids in concentrations that were reported to improve the cement properties. Two-viscosity enhancing polysaccharides, chondroitin-4 sulfate and hyaluronic acid, were also assayed. Thereafter, pre- and set cement samples were immersed in distilled water for 24 h. The cement-solid weight loss, microstructure, liquid phase viscosity, mean size of the released particles, and zeta potential were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, light scattering, scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy. It was found that the particles released from the cement surface were beta-TCP, and their amount depends on the carboxylic acid used in the preparation of the cement. The addition of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin-4 sulfate decreased the amount of released particles from the surface of the set brushite cement made with citric acid. Furthermore, the hyaluronic acid increased significantly the viscosity of the citric acid solution and the cement paste prepared with this liquid phase showed a pronounced step down in particle release. In this study, we showed that the water solubility of calcium carboxylate and the viscosity of mixing liquid may dictate the superficial disintegration of brushite cements.
Alkhraisat
M Hamdan
MH
Departamento de Estomatología III, Facultad de Odontología, UCM, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Mariño
F Tamimi
FT
Retama
J Rubio
JR
Jerez
L Blanco
LB
López-Cabarcos
E
E
D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019343:Citric Acid; D006016:Glycolates; D008422:Materials Testing; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D013499:Surface Properties; D013644:Tartrates
D001843:Bone Cements; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D006016:Glycolates; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D013644:Tartrates; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; C031149:glycolic acid; D019343:Citric Acid; C030242:phosphoric acid; C494366:calcium phosphate, dibasic, dihydrate; C029768:tartaric acid