title: Gestational diabetes and the incidence of diabetes in the 5 years following the index pregnancy in South Indian women.
abstract: This study was carried out to examine the incidence of diabetes and the factors associated with this in a cohort of South Indian women 5 years after they were examined for gestational diabetes (GDM). Women (N=630) whose GDM status was determined (Carpenter-Coustan criteria; GDM: N=41) delivered live babies without major anomalies at the Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore. Of these, 526 women (GDM: N=35) available for follow-up after 5 years underwent a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test and detailed anthropometry. Diabetes was determined using WHO criteria, and Metabolic Syndrome using IDF criteria recommended for south Asian women. The incidence of diabetes (37% versus 2%) and Metabolic Syndrome (60% versus 26%) was considerably higher in women with previous GDM compared to non-GDM women. GDM women who developed diabetes had lower gestational insulin area-under-the-curve (P=0.05). They had larger waist-to-hip ratio, skinfolds, body mass index, and lower 30-min insulin increment at follow-up than other GDM women. In all, history of diabetes in first-degree relatives was independently associated with higher incidence of diabetes (P<0.001). Our findings suggest high diabetes and cardiovascular risks in women with previous GDM. Follow-up of these women after delivery would provide opportunities to modify adverse lifestyle factors.
authors.affiliation: CSI Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India. kittyveni@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ghattu V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Krishnaveni
authors.forename: Jacqueline C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Sargoor R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Veena
authors.forename: Suguna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Geetha
authors.forename: Magudilu N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Jayakumar
authors.forename: Chitra L S
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Karat
authors.forename: Caroline H D
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Fall
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose