Posterior reversible encephalopathy in a child with Langerhans cell histiocytosis following allogeneic PBSCT treatment with cyclosporine.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is associated with a specific disorder of cerebrovascular autoregulation of multiple etiologies. This syndrome had been subsequently described in numerous medical conditions, including hypertensive encephalopathy, pre-eclampsia and the use with immunosuppressive drugs. Here, we report a child suffering from Langerhans cell histocytosis developing into PRES following immunosuppressive therapy. Symptoms and neuroimaging abnormalities were complete resolution subsequent to the withdrawal of cyclosporine. Although PRES is rarely seen among children, it should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute neurological illness, especially undergoing immunosuppressive therapy.
Lai
Chi-Chieh
CC
Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Neihu, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chen
Shyi-Jou
SJ
Lien
Shao-Hung
SH
Lo
Chung-Ping
CP
Cheng
Shin-Nang
SN
D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006646:Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D020343:Hypertensive Encephalopathy / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000209:etiology; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D013577:Syndrome
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine