title: [The thrombin generation is associated with the PIA1/A2 beta3, integrin polymorphism in aspirin-treated patients with coronary artery disease: a role of statins].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The PIA2 allele is present in about 20-30% of European population. This allele has been associated with resistance to the antithrombotic action of aspirin in healthy PIA2 carriers.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the functional association of the PIA1/A2 polymorphism of beta3 intergrins with increased thrombin generation and platelet activation in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), treated with low-dose aspirin and whether the effect of this polymorphism is modulated by statin administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 31 patients (25 M, 6 F) with CAD, aged 47 to 76 years, the thrombin-antithrombin complex generation (TAT) and the soluble form of CD40 ligand level (sCD40L) in blood collected every 60 seconds at sites of standardized microvascular injury were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Coronary angiography revealed > or = 1 major epicardial artery stenosis (> or = 50%) in all patients. Genotyping determined 18 subjects homozygous for PIA1 and 13 PIA2 heterozygous carriers. Homozygous PIA1 subjects exhibited increased fibrinogen levels compared with PIA2 carriers (4.2 [IQ 2.39] g/l vs. 2.5 [0.73] g/l, p <0.05). Maximal TAT level observed 6 min after microvascular injury was higher in PIA2 carriers (p = 0.01). Maximal sCD40L did not differ between PIA1/A1 subjects and PIA2 carriers. The PIA2 allele did not alter the velocity of TAT production and sCD40L release. The analysis of the area under the concentration vs. time curve for TAT revealed that PIA2 carriers exhibited increased thrombin generation compared with PIA1A1 subjects (by 17.5%, p <0.05). Subjects treated with statins (n = 12) had lower TAT generation and sCD40L release than non-treated (by 20%, p <0.005 and 23%, p <0.005, respectively). This effect was not altered by the PIA2 presence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a model of microvascular injury the PIA1/A2 polymorphism influenced thrombin formation but not platelet activation in CAD patients treated with low-dose aspirin. The PIA2 allele did not alter the beneficial effect of statins on blood coagulation.
authors.affiliation: Krakowski Szpital Specjalistyczny im. Jana Pawła II, Kraków. estepien@szpitaljp2.krakow.pl
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stepień
authors.forename: Konstanty
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Szułdrzyński
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Branicka
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stankiewicz
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pazdan
authors.forename: Lukasz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zieliński
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bozek
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomala
authors.forename: Bartłomiej
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guzik
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Godlewski
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pawelec
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zmudka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000378:metabolism; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D039661:Integrin beta3 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D013917:Thrombin / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D039661:Integrin beta3; C046193:antithrombin III-protease complex; D000990:Antithrombin III; D005340:Fibrinogen; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D013917:Thrombin; D001241:Aspirin