[Liver X receptor: crucial mediator in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism].
Liver X receptors (LXRs) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily and are activated by oxysterols and intermediates in the cholesterol synthetic pathway. The pivotal role of LXRs in the metabolic conversion of cholesterol to bile acids has been well established. Furthermore, insulin induces LXRa in hepatocytes, resulting in the suppression of key enzymes in gluconeogenesis, including phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, and fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase (FBPase). LXRs also play an important role in fatty acid metabolism by activating the sterol regulatory element-bing protein 1c gene (SREBP1c). This articles reviews the molecular mechanisms by which LXRs act to influence the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.
Liu
Yang
Y
National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing 100005, China.
Chang
Yong-sheng
YS
Fang
Fu-de
FD
D000818:Animals; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors / Q000502:physiology*
D000071518:Liver X Receptors; C000605213:NR1H3 protein, human; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors