Regulation of T-cell immunity by T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain proteins.
The ability of T helper (TH) precursor cells to differentiate into T effector populations confers the adaptive immune system with a means to protect the host from microbes and react to "foreign" antigenic tissues. T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain (TIM) proteins have recently been shown to be novel and critical regulators of T cell subset-driven dependent immune responsiveness. A dichotomy is emerging as to how Tim-3- and Tim-2- related signals respectively impact TH1 and TH2 responses. By comparison, the influence of the Tim-1 pathway seems to be broader and is probably not restricted to a specific type of T helper response. Beyond the mere control of the TH1/TH2 balance, Tim proteins are likely to target other regulatory components of the T cell response. Likewise, it is tempting to speculate that Tim proteins might also modulate the function of other T helper cell subsets such as TH3, TR1 and TH17 cells, among others.
Degauque
Nicolas
N
Division of Transplant Immunology, Harvard Medical School, and Transplant Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Mariat
Christophe
C
Kenny
James
J
Sanchez-Fueyo
Alberto
A
Alexopoulos
Sophoclis P
SP
Kuchroo
Vijay
V
Zheng
Xin-Xiao
XX
Strom
Terry B
TB
D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007162:Immunoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D009077:Mucins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
D007162:Immunoproteins; D009077:Mucins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface