[Nutritional status of adopted Chinese girls in Spain].
BACKGROUND
Given the increasing number of adoptions from China in countries such as Spain, a study was designed to know and assess the nutritional profile at arrival and its likely implication in global health status, growth, and development of adopted Chinese girls.


METHODS
Eighty-five Chinese girls adopted in Spain during the 2002-2003 period and ages ranging 7-33 months of life were studied at the Social Pediatrics Unit of the "Niño Jesús" Hospital, Madrid. Datas regarding institution of origin, nutritional parameters (anthropometrical and biochemical), presence of associated diseases, and developmental retardations (psychomotor/bone age) were gathered.


RESULTS
Waterlow's nutritional index showed a malnourishment rate of 11% based on Chinese reference tables, as compared to 58% based on Spanish tables, of which 82% was acute malnourishment. When comparing the efficacy of both nutritional assessment methods proposed by Waterlow and Gomez, there were no differences in detection of malnourishment in spite of the fact that the latter author gives priority to the weight/age index as a nutritional indicator at ages lower than 2 years. Eighteen percent of the girls were considered at (height/age < p10) of suffering chronic malnourishment, but this was only confirmed in 67% of the group according to Waterlow's criteria. Among assessed plasma parameters, decreased prealbumin, lymphocytes, iron, and transferrin stand out. The predominant pathological findings were thalassemia, dermatitis, psychomotor retardation, and ferropenic anemia.


CONCLUSIONS
These results make us believe in a possible improvement in the conditions at Chinese orphanages. The low age at the time of adoption may justify the low incidence of chronic nutritional deficiencies. As a whole, anthropometrical / nutritional impairments found may be related with the consequences of carelessness and vulnerability of the adoption process. In any case, early diagnosis and implementation of appropriate therapy as soon as possible, as it is being done, is essential to provide appropriate growth and development of these girls.
Lourenço Nogueira
T
T
Hospital Universitario La Paz, Unidad de Nutrición Clínica y Dietética, Madrid, España. thais_nogueira@hotmail.com
Gómez Candela
C
C
Loria
V
V
Lirio Casero
J
J
García Pérez
J
J
D000300:Adoption; D000365:Age Determination by Skeleton; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000208:ethnology; D002670:Child, Abandoned / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D005581:Foster Home Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000208:ethnology; D006337:Heart Murmurs; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000208:ethnology*; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology; D019372:Orphanages; D011228:Prealbumin / Q000172:deficiency; D015995:Prevalence; D011596:Psychomotor Disorders / Q000208:ethnology; D012015:Reference Standards; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013789:Thalassemia / Q000208:ethnology; D014168:Transferrin / Q000032:analysis; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D011228:Prealbumin; D014168:Transferrin; D014280:Triglycerides