title: In situ effect of a dentifrice with low fluoride concentration and low pH on enamel remineralization and fluoride uptake.
abstract: Since the anticaries effect of a dentifrice with low fluoride concentration and low pH is unknown, the aim of the present study was to evaluate in situ the enamel remineralizing ability of this type of formulation. A double-blind crossover design employing 3 phases of 45 days was conducted. Six adult volunteers wore palatal devices containing 6 previously demineralized human dental enamel slabs, which were subjected 3 times a day to one of the following treatments: non-fluoridated dentifrice (negative control); dentifrice containing 1, 100 microg F/g, pH 7.0 (positive control); dentifrice containing 550 microg F/g, pH 5.5 (experimental). At the end of each phase, enamel remineralization was assessed in terms of cross-sectional microhardness, and loosely as well as firmly bound fluoride formation was determined on the enamel surface. Fluoridated dentifrices were more effective than the negative control in forming loosely and firmly bound fluoride on enamel (P < 0.05). However, the positive control formed more loosely bound fluoride than the other treatments (P < 0.05). Microhardness analysis showed that the fluoridated dentifrices were more effective than the negative control (P < 0.05) in remineralizing dental enamel, although no statistically significant difference was observed between them. Thus, the experimental dentifrice was shown to be effective in remineralizing dental enamel, and this may be attributable to its ability to form firmly bound fluoride on enamel.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. nobre@fop.unicamp.br
authors.forename: Marinês
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nobre-dos-Santos
authors.forename: Lidiany K A
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Altair A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Del-Bel-Cury
authors.forename: Jaime A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cury
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000188:drug therapy; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000378:metabolism*; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D017736:Ion-Selective Electrodes; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003802:Dentifrices; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D005459:Fluorides