title: Judgments of body weight based on food intake: a pervasive cognitive bias among restrained eaters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Two studies examined the influence of meal-size information on restrained and unrestrained eaters' judgments of body weight and size.
  
  
  METHODS
  In Study 1, restrained and unrestrained eaters made body-weight and body-size judgments of a woman who had eaten either a small meal or a large meal. In Study 2, participants watched a video of a woman eating a small or large meal, and selected from two photographs of women's bodies (a heavier one and a thinner one), the woman whom they had seen in the video.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Restrained eaters were influenced by meal-size information, judging women who had eaten a smaller meal as being thinner and weighing less (Study 1), and also choosing the thinner body to represent the woman who had eaten a smaller meal (Study 2). Unrestrained eaters were not influenced by food-intake information.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Restrained eaters' (but not unrestrained eaters') judgments of others appear to be biased by meal-size information, suggesting that restrained eaters' food- and weight-related cognitive biases might be more pervasive than has previously been assumed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-7801, USA. lrv4@cornell.edu
authors.forename: Lenny R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Vartanian
authors.forename: C Peter
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Polivy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015982:Bias; D001835:Body Weight; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy*