title: Gastric cancer susceptibility is not linked to pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms in whites: a Nationwide Multicenter Study in Spain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent studies have reported an association between cytokine gene polymorphisms and GC risk. However, results are inconsistent among studies from different geographic regions and ethnic groups. Our goal was to evaluate the influence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and host genetic factors on GC susceptibility in a population of Spanish white GC patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  DNA from 404 unrelated patients with GC and 404 sex- and age-matched healthy controls was typed for several functional polymorphisms in pro- (IL-1B, TNFA, LTA, IL-12p40) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-1RN, IL-10, TGFB1) genes by PCR, RFLP, and TaqMan assays. H. pylori infection and CagA/VacA antibody status were also determined by western blot serology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Logistic regression analysis identified H. pylori infection with cagA strains (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.77-3.66), smoking habit (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.25-2.93), and positive family history of GC (OR 3.67, 95% CI 2.01-6.71) as independent risk factors for GC. None of the cytokine gene polymorphisms analyzed in this study were associated with susceptibility to GC development, whether GC patients were analyzed as a group or categorized according to anatomic location or histological subtype. Some simultaneous combinations of proinflammatory genotypes reportedly associated with greater GC risk yielded no significant differences between patients and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that, at least in some white populations, the contribution of the cytokine gene polymorphisms evaluated in this study (IL-1B, IL-1RN, IL-12p40, LTA, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-B1) to GC susceptibility may be less relevant than previously reported.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: María Asunción
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: García-González
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lanas
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Quintero
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nicolás
authors.forename: Adolfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parra-Blanco
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strunk
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Benito
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Angel Simón
authors.forename: Santos
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santolaria
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sopeña
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Piazuelo
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pascual
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mas
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Irún
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Espinel
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Campo
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manzano
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Geijo
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pellisé
authors.forename: Ferrán
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: González-Huix
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nieto
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Espinós
authors.forename: Llúcia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Titó
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bujanda
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaballa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D013030:Spain; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; C074689:VacA protein, Helicobacter pylori; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori