title: Temperature gradient between brain tissue and arterial blood mirrors the flow-metabolism relationship in uninjured brain: an experimental study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of the present experimental study was to determine the feasibility and usefulness of brain temperature measurement (T(br)) and the calculated difference between brain temperature and arterial blood temperature (DeltaT(br-a)) in uninjured brain during variations of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and concomitant changes of the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine anaesthetized pigs were subjected to controlled CPP decrease to assess the lower cerebral autoregulation threshold. A parenchymal intracranial pressure (ICP) sensor combined with a microthermistor for temperature measurement, a miniaturized Clark-type electrode measuring brain tissue oxygenation (p(ti)O(2)), a small flexible intraparenchymal thermodilution probe for measuring rCBF and cerebral microdialysis were inserted carefully in the frontal white matter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysing the p(ti)O(2) during controlled CPP decrease, we found significant breakpoints of p(ti)O(2) at a CPP of 40 mmHg and 20 mmHg, related to an rCBF of 20 ml/100 g/min and approximately 10 ml/100 g/min. Similarly, the relationship between DeltaT(br-a), and CPP or rCBF revealed a characteristic increase of DeltaT(br-a) in the negative direction up to more than -0.30 degrees C assuming a strong flow dependency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The temperature difference between brain tissue and arterial blood DeltaT(br-a) mainly reflects the cerebral blood flow-brain tissue oxygenation-metabolism relationship as far as the estimation of the individual lower cerebral autoregulation threshold.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany. jens.soukup@medizin.uni-halle.de
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soukup
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rieger
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Holz
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Miko
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nemeth
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Menzel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000502:physiology; D001790:Blood Physiological Phenomena; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D017551:Microdialysis; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen