title: Fast determination of the ripeness stage of strawberries using infrared spectroscopy combined with principal component analysis.
abstract: The utility of infrared (IR) spectroscopy for the determination of strawberry ripeness has been successfully demonstrated. Transmission IR spectra were collected using dried liquid extracts from strawberry flesh. The overall IR feature provided fairly noticeable differences, and the ripeness stage was clearly identified using principal component analysis (PCA). Although all of the extracted components contributed to the resulting spectral features for discrimination, the variation of carbohydrate and amide residues played a major role for providing the selective spectral feature. Additionally, NMR spectra were also collected to quantify the concentrations of three small sugars (alpha-glucose, beta-glucose and sucrose) as well as to evaluate the NMR spectral features at each ripeness step. The concentrations of three sugars increased from early to late growth stages. Both IR and NMR spectroscopies were valuable to elucidate the metabolic signatures for the determining of ripeness stage; however, IR spectroscopy could be more advantageous when fast and high throughput analysis is essential.
authors.affiliation: Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejon, Korea.
authors.forename: Chul Won
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Dong-Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Choung
authors.forename: Sung Ran
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Suk Weon
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jang R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hoeil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D031985:Fragaria / Q000737:chemistry*; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000379:methods; D013395:Sucrose / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D013395:Sucrose; D005947:Glucose