title: Grapevine vitivirus A eradication in Vitis vinifera explants by antiviral drugs and thermotherapy.
abstract: Grapevine shoot cultures infected by Grapevine vitivirus A (GVA) were grown on Quorin-Lepoivre basic medium and submitted to in vitro chemotherapy and thermotherapy sanitation techniques. Ribavirin (Rb) at 20gml(-1), dihydroxypropyladenine (DHPA) at 60gml(-1) and their combination (RbDH) were added to the proliferating medium for three subsequent subcultures of 30 days each. Phytotoxicity was observed on drug-treated plantlets, which displayed a high percentage of mortality for each drug at doses higher than those aforementioned. Sequential ELISA were performed at the end of each subculture and ELISA-negative explants were submitted to RT-PCR. ELISA showed no antiviral activity following DHPA administration. Rb and RbDH treatment produced ELISA-negative explants which were assayed by RT-PCR and nested PCR. Biomolecular results showed no virus eradication in Rb treated explants but RbDH administration generated a percentage (40.0%) of GVA-free plantlets that permitted restoration of a new healthy generation of explants. Sixty percent (60%) of GVA eradication as confirmed by RT-PCR was obtained by in vitro thermotherapy at 36 degrees C for 57 days.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tree Science, Entomology and Plant Pathology G. Scaramuzzi, University of Pisa, Italy. apanatto@agr.unipi.it
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panattoni
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: D'Anna
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cristani
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Triolo
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052677:Flexiviridae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006358:Hot Temperature; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027843:Vitis / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D012254:Ribavirin; C016391:9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine; D000225:Adenine