title: Noninvasive nuclear factor-kappaB bioluminescence imaging for the assessment of host-biomaterial interaction in transgenic mice.
abstract: The inflammatory response is a key component in the biocompatibility of biomaterials. Among the factors that control the development of inflammation is a critical molecule nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of noninvasive whole-body real-time imaging for the evaluation of host-biomaterial interaction in the NF-kappaB transgenic mice. Transgenic mice, carrying the luciferase gene under the control of NF-kappaB, were constructed. In vivo bioluminescence imaging showed that the constitutive and induced NF-kappaB activities of transgenic mice were detected in most of the lymphoid tissues, demonstrating that NF-kappaB-driven luminescence reflected the inflammatory response in vivo. By the implantation of genipin-cross-linked gelatin conduit (GGC) and bacterial endotoxin-immersed GGC in the dorsal region, we detected a strong and specific luminescent signal from the tissue around the bacterial endotoxin-immersed GGC implant. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis also demonstrated that inflammation, characterized by the infiltration of immune cells, the accumulation of fluid, and the activation of NF-kappaB, was evoked around the same region. The correlation between the bioluminescence imaging and histological changes indicated that noninvasive imaging technique could be used to monitor the real-time inflammation in the implanted mice.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tin-Yun
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Yueh-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chien-Yun
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Hsiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000378:metabolism*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D057889:Iridoid Glycosides; D039823:Iridoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008156:Luciferases / Q000032:analysis; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008845:Microinjections; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D057889:Iridoid Glycosides; D039823:Iridoids; D016328:NF-kappa B; D005780:Gelatin; C007834:genipin; D008156:Luciferases