title: Effects of cryopreservation on semen quality and the expression of sperm membrane hexose transporters in the spermatozoa of Iberian pigs.
abstract: This study evaluated the effects of cooling, freezing and thawing on the plasma membrane integrity, kinetics and expression of two sugar transporters glucose transporter-3 and -5 (GLUT-3 and GLUT-5) in spermatozoa from Iberian boars. Semen samples were collected twice weekly from eight young, fertile Iberian boars of the 'Entrepelado' and 'Lampiño' breeds. The samples were suspended in a commercial extender and refrigerated to 17 degrees C for transport to the laboratory (step A), where they were further extended with a lactose-egg yolk-based extender and chilled to 5 degrees C (step B) prior to freezing in the presence of glycerol (3%). Spermatozoa were assessed for plasma membrane integrity and sperm motility at each of the steps, including post-thaw (step C). Aliquots were also prepared for immunocytochemical localisation of the sugar transporters (fixed and thin smears for transmission and scanning electron microscopy levels respectively) and for SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and subsequent western blotting, using the same antibodies (rabbit anti-GLUT-3 and anti-GLUT-5 polyclonal antibodies). The results showed lower percentages of progressively motile spermatozoa at step C in both breeds, while the percentage of live spermatozoa was significantly lower only in the 'Entrepelado' breed. The results obtained from electron microscopy clearly showed that Iberian boar spermatozoa expressed the hexose transporters, GLUT-3 and GLUT-5. The pattern of expression, in terms of location and concentration, was characteristic in each case but, in the case of isoform GLUT-5, it remained constant during the different steps of freezing-thawing protocol. These results indicate that cryopreservation affects the status of sperm cells of Iberian boars by altering the distribution of some membrane receptors and decreasing the percentage values of parameters linked to sperm quality.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology of Porcine Reproduction, University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, s/n, 17071 Girona, Spain. silvia.sancho@udg.es
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sancho
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ekwall
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saravia
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Martinez
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Gil
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pinart
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Briz
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Garcia-Gil
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bassols
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pruneda
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bussalleu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yeste
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bonet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods; D051274:Glucose Transporter Type 3 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D051296:Glucose Transporter Type 5 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012661:Semen / Q000502:physiology*; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods; D013045:Species Specificity; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D051274:Glucose Transporter Type 3; D051296:Glucose Transporter Type 5; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins