[Distortion product otoacoustic emissions in newborns treated by ototoxic drugs].
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this prospective longitudinal study is to research the amplitude of distortion product otoacoustic emissions caused by the ototoxic drugs used, between the end of the administration and from 15 to 40 days after its use.


METHODS
It was a prospective longitudinal study composed by term and preterm newborns from the Santo André city hospital, in the period from July 2003 to September 2004. The first evaluation occurred on the hospital discharge day. Three groups were evaluated: control group with 33 term and healthy newborns; term study group with 19 term newborns with more than 37 weeks exposed to amikacin and/or vancomycin; and preterm study group with 15 preterm newborns from 32 to 37 weeks exposed to the same ototoxic. The newborns did not present risk factors for hearing loss according to the JCIH, 2000 concomitant to the neonatal infection. All newborns were evaluated at a corrected gestational age greater than 37 weeks. The otoacoustic emissions amplitudes obtained at the hospital discharge were compared to the ones obtained from 15 to 40 days after the discharge.


RESULTS
The otoacoustic emissions amplitudes of the preterm study group were smaller than the amplitudes of the control group and the term study group in both moments of the test. The amplitude of the newborns' otoacoustic emissions increased in the second moment of the test. The otoacoustic emissions amplitudes of the control group in the second moment of the test were similar to the term study group in the first moment of the research.


CONCLUSIONS
There are the increase of the distortion product otoacoustic emissions amplitude from the discharge moment until 15 to 40 days after in the post-natal period. The exposure to amikacin and vancomycin on the recommended dose by Neofax, 2003/2004 did not alter the amplitude of the emissions in the newborns without risk indicators concomitant with neonatal infection.
Ruggieri-Marone
M
M
Orthophoniste, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, São Paulo, Brésil. mruggieri@uol.com.br
Schochat
E
E
D000583:Amikacin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity; D015834:Cochlear Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000188:drug therapy; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous / Q000187:drug effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity
D000617:Aminoglycosides; D014640:Vancomycin; D000583:Amikacin