title: Antimicrobial effect of nanometric bioactive glass 45S5.
abstract: Most recent advances in nanomaterials fabrication have given access to complex materials such as SiO(2)-Na(2)O-CaO-P(2)O(5) bioactive glasses in the form of amorphous nanoparticles of 20- to 60-nm size. The clinically interesting antimicrobial properties of commercially available, micron-sized bioactive glass 45S5 have been attributed to the continuous liberation of alkaline species during application. Here, we tested the hypothesis that, based on its more than ten-fold higher specific surface area, nanometric bioactive glass releases more alkaline species, and consequently displays a stronger antimicrobial effect, than the currently applied micron-sized material. Ionic dissolution profiles were monitored in simulated body fluid. Antimicrobial efficacy was assessed against clinical isolates of enterococci from persisting root canal infections. The shift from micron- to nano-sized treatment materials afforded a ten-fold increase in silica release and solution pH elevation by more than three units. Furthermore, the killing efficacy was substantially higher with the new material against all tested strains.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oral Microbiology and Preventive Dentistry, University of Basel Center of Dental Medicine, Switzerland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Waltimo
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vollenweider
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zehnder
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002516:Ceramics; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects; D005898:Glass; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects*; D053758:Nanoparticles; D010316:Particle Size; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; C425330:bioactive glass 45S5