title: A transverse ligament located anterosuperiorly in the lower orbital fat space restricts lower eyelid retraction in the Mongoloid eye.
abstract: We previously reported that a lower positioned transverse ligament, which was identified just above the fusional line between the orbital septum and the levator aponeurosis or anteroinferiorly in the upper orbital fat space, determines the lower position of the preaponeurotic fat, and restricts the upper eyelid retraction causing the external features that define the appearance of the Mongoloid eye. Because the narrow palpebral fissure of the Mongoloid eye is composed of the restricted upper eyelid and the restricted lower eyelid, we surmised that the ligamentous tissue, which is analogous to the lower positioned transverse ligament in the upper eyelid, might also exist in the lower eyelid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yuzuriha
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moriizumi
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D019882:Blepharoplasty; D001767:Blinking / Q000502:physiology; D005143:Eyelids / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008022:Ligaments / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000033:anatomy & histology*