International Study of Health Care Organization and Financing of renal services in England and Wales.
In England and Wales, the quantity and quality of renal services have improved significantly in the last decade. While acceptance rates for renal replacement therapy appear low by international standards, they are now commensurate with many other northern European countries. The major growth in renal services has been in hemodialysis, especially at satellite units. Health care is predominantly publicly funded through a tax-based National Health Service, and such funding has increased in the last 10 years. Improvements in health outcomes in England and Wales are expected to continue due to the recent implementation of standards, initiatives, and monitoring mechanisms for renal transplantation, vascular access, and patient transport.
Nicholson
Tricia
T
Public Health Sciences & Medical Statistics, University of Southampton, Mailpoint 805 Southampton General Hospital Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK. apn@soton.ac.uk
Roderick
Paul
P
D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006302:Health Services Research; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000191:economics*; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000191:economics*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014852:Wales / Q000453:epidemiology