title: [A study of 152 cases of pulmonary fungal infection: reevaluation of the microbiological spectra].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the microbiological spectra and clinical outcome of patients with pulmonary fungal infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  All the cases of clinically diagnosed pulmonary fungal infection from January 2002 to June 2006 were reevaluated according to the definitions of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycosis Study Group (EORTC/MSG), and the etiology of the patients were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pulmonary fungal disease was classified as proven (n = 38), probable (n = 24), possible (n = 35) and colonization (n = 55). In the proven group, the most frequently encountered fungi were Aspergillus species (15/38), followed by Cryptococcus species (13/38), Candida species were rare (2/38). In the probable group, Aspergillus species and Aspergillus species + Candida species were among the most common pathogens; while in the possible group and the colonization group, Candida species were most frequently encountered. The mortality of patients with probable pulmonary fungal infection (58.3%) was higher than that of patients in the possible group (25.7%) or the colonization group (16.4%) (P = 0.001). Univariate analysis showed that only APACHE II score was associated with outcome of patients with "pulmonary Candida infections", and antifungal therapy did not improve the outcome of such patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most frequently encountered fungi in patients with pulmonary fungal infections were Aspergillus species, followed by Cryptococcus species. Primary Candida pulmonary infections were rare.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. caobin1999@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Bai-Qiang
authors.initials: BQ
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chao-Yang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hong-Rui
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Kai-Feng
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Wen-Bing
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yuan-Jue
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xiao-Guang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002175:Candida / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D003454:Cryptococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult