Dietary palatinose and oleic acid ameliorate disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism in Zucker fatty rats.
Excessive dietary intake of carbohydrates and fats has been linked to the development of obesity. However, the mechanism by which these dietary factors interact to bring about metabolic changes has not been elucidated. We examined the combined effects of different types of dietary carbohydrates and fats on the etiology of obesity and its complications in the Zucker fatty (fa/fa) rat, a model of obesity. Specifically, these rats were fed an isocaloric diet containing various combinations of carbohydrates [palatinose (P), an insulin-sparing sucrose analogue, and sucrose (S)] and fatty acids [oleic acid (O) and linoleic acid (L)]. After 8 wk, palatinose feeding (PO and PL) led to significant reductions in visceral fat mass, adipocyte cell size, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia compared with sucrose feeding (SO and SL); pancreatic islet hypertrophy was also prevented by palatinose feeding. Linoleic-acid-fed rats (PL and SL) exhibited reduced insulin-immunoreactive staining of the pancreatic islets, enhanced macrophage infiltration in adipose tissue, and an elevated plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentration when compared with oleic-acid-fed rats (PO and SO). Furthermore, sucrose and linoleic acid synergistically increased the expression of genes involved in hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis [sterol regulatory-element binding protein (SREBP)-1c and SREBP-2]. In conclusion, a diet containing palatinose and oleic acid may prevent diet-induced metabolic abnormalities. The combination of palatinose and oleic acid holds promise for a new approach to preventing and treating obesity and its complications.
Sato
Kazusa
K
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
Arai
Hidekazu
H
Mizuno
Akira
A
Fukaya
Makiko
M
Sato
Tadatoshi
T
Koganei
Megumi
M
Sasaki
Hajime
H
Yamamoto
Hironori
H
Taketani
Yutaka
Y
Doi
Toshio
T
Takeda
Eiji
E
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight; D004032:Diet; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D007534:Isomaltose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D019301:Oleic Acid; D007534:Isomaltose; D005947:Glucose; C008189:isomaltulose