title: Lymphatic and/or blood vessel invasion in gastric cancer: relationship with clinicopathological parameters, biological factors and prognostic significance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lymphatic and/or blood vessel tumoral invasion (LBVI) is a common histopathologic finding of gastric carcinomas, which could make it an additional cost efficient marker and help in the detection of patients at risk for recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects of this study were 144 patients with primary gastric adenocarcinoma, who consecutively underwent surgery. LBVI was evaluated by H&E staining and complementary with immunohistochemical staining with anti-CD34. Intratumoral levels of EGFR were analyzed with a radioligand technique, whereas c-erbB-2 and tPA were determined by ELISA methods; pS2, cathepsin D and hyaluronic acid by immunoradiometric assays; and VEGFR-1 and -2 by immunohistochemical assays. The mean follow-up period for these patients was 33.1 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LBVI was present in 46 patients (31.9%). The presence of LBVI correlated significantly with tumor stage, lymph node involvement, surgical resectability, histological type and histological grade, being present in a higher percentage among II-IV tumor stage (P = 0.0001), poorly differentiated (P = 0.01), diffuse type (P = 0.009), R1-R2 (P = 0.002) and lymph node-positive (P = 0.005) tumors. In addition, statistical analysis demonstrated that LBVI was significantly associated with a poorer overall patients' survival in the univariate analysis (P = 0.0001) as well as in the multivariate analysis (P = 0.009). However, our results failed to show any significant relationship between LBVI and any of the intratumoral biological parameters studied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LBVI provides additional useful information that could be applied to identify gastric cancer patients at risk for recurrence, who might be candidates for further adjuvant therapies.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de investigación, Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: del Casar
authors.forename: María D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Corte
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bongera
authors.forename: Luis O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: García-Muñiz
authors.forename: María T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Allende
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Astudillo
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Vizoso
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D042601:Lymphatic Vessels / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator