title: Nematicidal effects of cysteine proteinases against sedentary plant parasitic nematodes.
abstract: Cysteine proteinases from the fruit and latex of plants, such as papaya, pineapple and fig, have previously been shown to have substantial anthelmintic efficacy, in vitro and in vivo, against a range of animal parasitic nematodes. In this paper, we describe the in vitro effects of these plant extracts against 2 sedentary plant parasitic nematodes of the genera Meloidogyne and Globodera. All the plant extracts examined caused digestion of the cuticle and decreased the activity of the tested nematodes. The specific inhibitor of cysteine proteinases, E-64, blocked this activity completely, indicating that it was essentially mediated by cysteine proteinases. In vitro, plant cysteine proteinases are active against second-stage juveniles of M. incognita and M. javanica, and some cysteine proteinases also affect the second-stage juveniles of Globodera rostochiensis. It is not known yet whether these plant extracts will interfere with, or prevent invasion of, host plants.
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stepek
authors.forename: R H C
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Curtis
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Kerry
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Shewry
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Duce
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Buttle
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Behnke
mesh_terms: D029042:Actinidia / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D031230:Ananas / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D000818:Animals; D000969:Antinematodal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029441:Carica / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007930:Leucine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000469:parasitology; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014431:Tylenchoidea / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000969:Antinematodal Agents; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D007930:Leucine; C024974:E 64