[Response of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocyte to nickel stimulation in patients with systemic and contact allergy to nickel].
Nickel is knows as the most common cause of allergic contact dermatitis, as well as diffuse eczema, allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma. The mechanism of contact allergy to nickel is well known. In spite of numerous investigations, the mechanism of systemic allergy to nickel is still not clear. 22 patients with positive patch tests to nickel were analyzed. On basis of clinical symptoms the patients were divided into two groups: 1. with contact allergy dermatitis to nickel--8 patients 2. with systemic allergy to nickel (allergic rhinitis and/or diffuse eczema--14 patients. The control group included non-atopic patients with negative patch test to nickel--6 patients. 10 ml of blood were taken from each patient and peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PMBC) were isolated. In PBMC culture, NiSO4 and PHA were stimulated. The control group was non-stimulated cells. The supernatants were collected after 3 and 6 days of culture and the levels of cytokines IL-5, 4 and IFNgamma were measured (ELISA). The concentration of IFNgamma in supernatants from stimulated as well as non-stimulated cells from patients with contact allergy to nickel was higher in comparison to the control group. The concentration of IL-5 in this group was low. There was an increase in the production of IFNgamma and IL-5 after NiSO4 stimulation in patients with systemic allergy to nickel. The higher concentration of IFNgamma in the same groups of patients investigated was in supernatants from the third day of PBMC culture were compared to the sixth day. After 3 and 6 days of culture, the concentration of IL-4 (ELISA) was below detection level in all supernatants analyzed.


CONCLUSIONS
IFNgamma plays an essential role in the mechanism of developing of contact allergy to nickel; and IFNgamma as well as IL-5 play a role in the mechanism of developing systemic allergy to nickel. The third day of PBMC culture is more reliable for IFNgamma estimation.
Czarnobilska
Ewa
E
Zakład Alergologii Klinicznej i Srodowiskowej, Katedry Toksykologii i Chorób Srodowiskowych, Collegium Medicum, Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w Krakowie. mfczarno@cyf-kr.edu.pl
Thor
Piotr
P
Kaszuba-Zwoinska
Jolanta
J
Słodowska-Hajduk
Zofia
Z
Stobiecki
Marcin
M
Dyga
Wojciech
W
Wsołek
Katarzyna
K
Obtułowicz
Krystyna
K
D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000276:immunology*; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D009532:Nickel / Q000276:immunology*; D010328:Patch Tests
D000485:Allergens; D015848:Interleukin-5; D015847:Interleukin-4; D009532:Nickel; D007371:Interferon-gamma