title: Co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis in Asia.
abstract: Asia has the highest numbers of tuberculosis cases (60% of the global total) and has experienced a marked rise in HIV seroprevalence (22% of the global total) in key subpopulations of these highly populous nations. Thus, co-infected patients are a challenge for practitioners and public health workers alike. The U.S.-Japan Cooperative Medical Science Program is spearheading interdisciplinary collaborations in Asia to address the many outstanding research priorities for HIV-tuberculosis co-infection. There is an urgency to this agenda for many reasons, including the frequency with which tuberculosis accounts for the death of HIV-infected persons in Asia, and the continued rise of multiple drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We review briefly the public health situation in Asia, highlighting research questions from US-Japan-Asian partner joint meetings, and cite salient studies to indicate trends and challenges.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Global Health and Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. sten.vermund@vanderbilt.edu
authors.forename: Sten H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Vermund
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006678:HIV / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D006801:Humans; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019562:Viral Load