title: [Moderately haloalkaliphilic aerobic methylobacteria].
abstract: Aerobic methylobacteria utilizing oxidized and substituted methane derivatives as carbon and energy sources are widespread in nature and involved in the global carbon cycle, being a unique biofilter on the path of these C1 compounds from different ecosystems to the atmosphere. New data on the biological features of moderately halophilic, neutrophilic, and alkaliphilic methylobacteria isolated from biotopes with higher osmolarity (seas, saline and soda lakes, saline soils, and deteriorating marble) are reviewed. Particular attention is paid to the latest advances in the study of the mechanisms of osmoadaptation of aerobic moderately haloalkaliphilic methylobacteria: formation of osmolytes, in particular, molecular and genetic aspects of biosynthesis of the universal bioprotectant ectoine. The prospects for further studies of the physiological and biochemical principles of haloalkalophily and for the application of haloalkaliphilic aerobic methylobacteria in biosynthesis and biodegradation are discussed.
authors.forename: Iu A
authors.initials: IuA
authors.lastname: Trotsenko
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Doronina
authors.forename: Ts D
authors.initials: TsD
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Reshetnikov
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000332:Aerobiosis; D000599:Amino Acids, Diamino / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D017753:Ecosystem; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D008386:Marine Biology; D042082:Methylobacteriaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D012492:Salts; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D000599:Amino Acids, Diamino; D012492:Salts; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D002244:Carbon; C045628:ectoine