Immunology in Brazil: historical fragments.
Inspired by the pioneers Adolfo Lutz, Vital Brazil and Carlos Chagas, Brazilian Immunology was born and became extremely broad and multidisciplinary, always in partnership with other disciplines such as Parasitology, Biochemistry, Physiopathology or Genetics, and constituting an important branch of what is now called Toxinology. Today, the general scenario of Immunology in Brazil represents an example that is perhaps unique in the world of integrations with other areas of knowledge.
Sant'Anna
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Laboratory of Immunochemistry and Center for Applied Toxinology, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil. gbrazil@usp.br
D000486:Allergy and Immunology / Q000266:history*; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D014116:Toxicology / Q000266:history*