title: Thermographic evaluation of the lower critical temperature in weanling horses.
abstract: Accommodating weanling horses in loose housing (sleeping hall with deep-litter bed and paddock) environments in winter at northern latitudes exposes the nonhuman animals to low ambient temperatures. We determined the heat loss of nine weanling horses in a cold environment by infrared thermography to assess their thermoregulatory capacity. The rate of heat loss was 73.5 to 98.7 W/m2 from the neck and 69.9 to 94.3 W/m2 from the trunk. The heat loss was higher at -16 degrees C than at 0 degrees C and -9 degrees C (p</=.01), indicating that the lower critical temperature may have been between -9 degrees C and -16 degrees C. Surprisingly, the heat loss from the trunk was less at -23 degrees C than -16 degrees C (p<.05). The frost on the surface of the hair coat at -23 degrees C probably disturbed the thermographic examination. Thus, thermography is not necessarily suitable for determining heat loss at very cold temperatures. Our results emphasize the importance of taking the housing temperature into account in planning the feeding of cold-housed weanling horses in northern latitudes.
authors.affiliation: Equine Information Centre, Kuopio, Finland. elena.autio@hevostietokeskus.fi
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Autio
authors.forename: Minna-Liisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Heiskanen
authors.forename: Jaakko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mononen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000502:physiology; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D006799:Housing, Animal / Q000592:standards; D008297:Male; D012621:Seasons; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013817:Thermography / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D014886:Weaning