title: Pulmonary Nocardia and Aspergillus co-infection in a patient with chronic graft-versus-host disease.
abstract: Immunosuppression and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) are major risk factors for the development of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in bone marrow transplant patients. Although nocardial infections are well described in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients, little information is available about the incidence of nocardiosis in patients with chronic GVHD after HSCT. Coexistence of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and nocardiosis following non-myeloablative HSCT has not been reported previously. With the increasing use of pentostatin in the treatment of chronic GVHD in future and other nucleoside analogues as preparative regimens in patients undergoing reduced-intensity conditioning transplantation, the possibility of co-infection with rare organisms should be kept in mind while assessing at-risk patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology & Oncology, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA. mehdi.hamadani@osumc.edu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamadani
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Garzon
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Devine
mesh_terms: D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000150:complications*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009615:Nocardia / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009617:Nocardia Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000009:adverse effects*