title: Genetic disruption of angiotensin II type 1a receptor improves long-term survival of mice with chronic severe aortic regurgitation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aortic regurgitation (AR) causes left ventricular (LV) volume overload, leading to progressive LV dilatation and dysfunction. In the present study it was examined whether blockade of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) could improve survival in cases of chronic severe AR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AR was induced by puncturing the aortic valves of wild-type (WT) and AT1a knockout (KO) mice. Mice that survived for 4 weeks after the operation were deemed to be a model of chronic severe AR and were followed up for 50 weeks (WT, n=29; KO, n=31). Baseline measurements made 4 weeks after surgery showed similar LV cavity and function in both genotypes. These conditions progressively worsened in both genotypes, but 16 weeks after baseline, KO mice showed significantly less LV dilatation, hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis than WT mice. Cardiac mRNA expression of B-type natriuretic peptide and type I collagen was lower in KO than WT mice. The 50-week mortality rate was significantly lower among KO (45.2%) than WT (86.2%) mice, and postmortem findings indicated that the lower mortality was attributable to a lower incidence of congestive heart failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In cases of chronic severe AR, blockade of AT1 attenuates the progression of LV dilatation, hypertrophy and fibrosis, thereby mitigating heart failure and improving long-term survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuwahara
authors.forename: Rika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasuno
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Usami
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Akiyoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukamizu
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Kazuwa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006333:Heart Failure; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D015996:Survival Rate; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain