title: [Less frequent causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding].
abstract: Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding represents emergency which despites modern advances in treatment still carry substantial mortality. Mortality remained relatively constant in the last 50 years at approximately 12%. Peptic ulcers remain the most common cause of upper GI bleeding and account approximately 50% of all cases. Next leading causes are esophageal and gastric varices, and gastroduodenal erosions. Mallory Weiss tears, angiodysplasia and gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE)-Watermelon stomach are less frequent but important causes of upper GI bleeding that contribute substantially to the overall morbidity and mortality. Recognition of such lesions is crucial to provide effective hemostasis. In most cases endoscopic therapy is procedure of choice which significantly improved the outcome of patients. In cases where endoscopic hemostasis is not effective, or patients rebleed after initial control surgical therapy may be required. This article will review recent advances in diagnosis and therapy of upper GI bleeding caused by Mallory Weiss tears, angiodysplasia or Watermelon stomach.
authors.affiliation: Centar za hirurgiju jednjaka, I Hirurska klinika, Institut za bolesti digestivnog sistema, KCS, Beograd.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sabljak
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Velicković
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stojakov
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bjelović
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ebrahimi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Spica
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sljukić
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pesko
mesh_terms: D016888:Angiodysplasia / Q000150:complications; D020252:Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia / Q000150:complications; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008309:Mallory-Weiss Syndrome / Q000150:complications