Tolerogenic dendritic cells and the quest for transplant tolerance.
In recent years, there has been a shift from the perception of dendritic cells (DCs) solely as inducers of immune reactivity to the view that these cells are crucial regulators of immunity, which includes their ability to induce and maintain tolerance. Advances in our understanding of the phenotypical and functional plasticity of DCs, and in our ability to manipulate their development and maturation in vitro and in vivo, has provided a basis for the therapeutic harnessing of their inherent tolerogenicity. In this Review, we integrate the available information on the role of DCs in the induction of tolerance, with a focus on transplantation.
Morelli
Adrian E
AE
Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute and Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. morelli@imap.pitt.edu
Thomson
Angus W
AW
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / Q000276:immunology; D014181:Transplantation Immunology; D023001:Transplantation Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*
D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C498833:Foxp3 protein, mouse; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase