title: Clinical effects and outcome of feline permethrin spot-on poisonings reported to the Veterinary Poisons Information Service (VPIS), London.
abstract: Permethrin is a pyrethroid insecticide used in dermally applied spot-on flea treatments for dogs. Permethrin-based spot-on preparations are contraindicated in cats because of the high risk of toxicosis. The Veterinary Poisons Information Service (VPIS) is a 24-h access telephone service that provides veterinary professionals in the United Kingdom with information on the management of poisoned animals. In a review of 286 cases reported to the VPIS regarding inappropriate feline exposure to permethrin spot-on (PSO) preparations, 96.9% were symptomatic. Increased muscular activity (as evidenced by twitching, tremor, muscle fasciculations or convulsions) was common and occurred in 87.8% of cases. The duration of increased muscle activity was long, with convulsions lasting on average 38.9 h and tremors 32 h. Recovery typically occurred within 2 to 3 days but in some cases took 5 to 7 days. Death occurred in 10.5% of cases.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Poisons Information Service, Medical Toxicology Unit, Avonley Road, London SE14 5ER, United Kingdom. nick.sutton@gstt.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Nicholas M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D002415:Cats; D007306:Insecticides / Q000506:poisoning*; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D026023:Permethrin / Q000506:poisoning*; D011039:Poison Control Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011041:Poisoning / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D026023:Permethrin