title: [Effect of N-acetylcysteine on the egg granuloma in hepatic tissue of mice with Schistosomosis japonica].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the egg granuloma in hepatic tissue of mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum.
  
  
  METHODS
  36 mice were randomly divided into normal group, infected group and NAC group, each with 12 mice. The mice in the latter two groups were each infected with 25+/-2 cercariae of S. japonicum through the skin of abdomen. NAC solution was orally given to the mice of NAC group, 200 mg/kg, 2 times/d from the day of infection through to the 42nd day. Mice in the other 2 groups were given 2 ml normal saline daily. The mice were all sacrificed at the end of the 42nd day and their livers were collected for pathologic observation. Area of the egg granuloma was measured with computer image analysis software. Concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and reduced glutathione hormone (GSH), and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in serum and hepatic tissue, and the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the hepatic tissue were all detected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Number of the single egg granuloma of "+,++,+++" grade were 1.80+/-0.25, 1.37+/-0.23 and 0.53+/-0.15 respectively in NAC treated group, which were less than those of infected group (3.70+/-0.28, 2.77+/-0.25 and 2.00+/-0.14 respectively) (P<0.05). The serum NO and GSH concentration was 0.53+/-0.17 and 229.66+/-9.47 respectively in NAC group, lower than those of infected group (2.64+/-0.31 and 312.47+/-18.55 respectively) (P<0.05), but its GSH-PX activity was 1101.99+/-140.81, higher than that of infected group (663.66+/-25.59) (P<0.05). The concentration of NO and GSH, and the activity of iNOS and GSH-PX in hepatic tissue of NAC group were 6.85+/-0.30, 13.44+/-0.40, 358.40+/-19.15 and 110.84+/-10.93 respectively, lower than those in infected group (8.26+/-1.69, 28.40+/-0.56, 1132.44+/-52.82 and 226.26+/-16.25 respectively) (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NAC may have the effect of retarding pathological change of the liver, which may associate with the decrease of NO and GSH in serum and hepatic tissue and iNOS activity in the tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Ling-Min
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Kai-Jie
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Pei-Xan
authors.initials: PX
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006099:Granuloma / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D012549:Schistosoma japonicum / Q000187:drug effects*; D012554:Schistosomiasis japonica / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D005978:Glutathione; D000111:Acetylcysteine