title: Antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with autoimmune blistering disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to determine the serum levels and frequency of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and confirm the clinical importance of these antibodies in patients with autoimmune blistering disease (ABD).
  
  
  METHODS
  IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL), IgG anticardiolipin-beta(2) glycoprotein I complex antibody (aCL/beta(2)GPI), and IgG antiphosphatidylserine-prothrombin complex antibody (aPS/PT) were examined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 71 patients with ABD, including pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus, and bullous pemphigoid.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of IgG aCL, IgM aCL, aCL/beta(2)GPI, and IgG aPS/PT was positive for 22.4%, 9.1%, 9.9%, and 25.4% of the ABD patients, respectively, whereas these antibodies were not detected in any of the normal control subjects. Ten of 20 patients with ABD who were attending our hospital in 2004 tested positive for aPLs, and thromboembolism was detected in 7 of 10 patients with aPLs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Follow-up studies, especially with a large patient group, will be needed to clarify the clinical relevance of aPLs in ABD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  aPLs are frequently detected in patients with ABD. Careful examination and follow-up for thromboembolism may be necessary in ABD patients with aPLs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Echigo
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inaoki
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takehara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000097:blood*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D001768:Blister / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D002308:Cardiolipins / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000378:metabolism; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010391:Pemphigoid, Bullous / Q000276:immunology; D010392:Pemphigus / Q000276:immunology; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000276:immunology; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000276:immunology; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000150:complications; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D002308:Cardiolipins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D010718:Phosphatidylserines; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I; D011516:Prothrombin