title: Serum cystatin C in pregnancies with normal and restricted fetal growth.
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate circulating levels of cystatin C (an important endogenous marker of renal function) in mothers, fetuses, and neonates from intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR; characterized by impaired nephrogenesis) and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) pregnancies. Serum cystatin C levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay in 40 parturients and their 20 IUGR (<or=3rd customized centile, due to gestational pathology) and 20 AGA fetuses and neonates on postnatal day 1 (N1) and 4 (N4). Comparatively, creatinine and urea concentrations were determined in the same samples. Fetal cystatin C levels were higher in the AGA than the IUGR group (P = .001). In both groups, maternal cystatin C levels were lower than fetal (P < .001), N1 (P < .001), and N4 (P < .001) levels. Fetal levels were higher than N1 (P < .001) and N4 (P < .001), and N1 levels were higher than N4 (P = .007) ones. In both groups, no correlation existed between maternal and fetal levels, but positive correlations were found between cystatin C, creatinine, and urea levels in maternal and neonatal samples (in all cases, r >or= 0.376 and P <or= .045). Cystatin C levels did not correlate with gestational age and did not differ between males and females. Fetal cystatin C serum levels are lower in the IUGR group, significantly decrease after birth, and do not correlate with maternal levels in both groups. In addition, serum cystatin C levels positively correlate with respective creatinine and urea levels in the perinatal period.
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Division, Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece. amalpu@aretaieio.uoa.grmalamitsi@aias.gr
authors.forename: Ariadne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malamitsi-Puchner
authors.forename: Despina D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Briana
authors.forename: Louiza
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kontara
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boutsikou
authors.forename: Stavroula
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baka
authors.forename: Demetrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hassiakos
authors.forename: Antonios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marmarinos
authors.forename: Demetrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gourgiotis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001724:Birth Weight; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008423:Maternal Age; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000502:physiology*; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C525030:CST3 protein, human; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins