Risk assessment of the organophosphate pesticides isazofos and pyraclofos using a 21-day dietary toxicity study in Japanese quail.
Six-week-old male and female Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) received two organophosphate pesticides, isazofos and pyraclofos, for a 21-day dietary toxicity test, based on the OECD workshop report. During the treatment period, body weight and food consumption of the quail decreased with exposure to either isazofos or pyraclofos. Using the up-and-down procedure to determine the 50% mortality value, we found that the 21-day LC(50) of isazofos and pyraclofos were 40 and 87 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Ataxia, salivation, diarrhea, ruffled feathers, and convulsions at a dead point were observed with both pesticides. The tips of the villi were necrotic in the high dosage groups of isazofos- and pyraclofos-treated quail. Based on these results, body weight, food consumption, clinical signs, and histopathological findings may be useful parameters for detecting the dietary toxicity associated with isazofos and pyraclofos exposure. In addition, Japanese quail could be an excellent bird model for monitoring the toxicological risks of pesticides in Korea.
Seok
Seung-Hyeok
SH
Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, KRF Zoonotic Disease Priority Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
Park
Jong-Hwan
JH
Cho
Sun-A
SA
Kim
Dong-Jae
DJ
Bae
Bo-Kyoung
BK
Park
Jae-Hak
JH
D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D003370:Coturnix; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D063086:Organothiophosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*
D063086:Organothiophosphates; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; C034091:isazophos; C069547:pyraclofos