title: Modal subcomponents of metabolic syndrome in patients with bipolar disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The metabolic syndrome is a growing global public health problem.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence rate and modal subcomponents of the metabolic syndrome in subjects treated at the West Los Angeles Veterans Administration Medical Center Bipolar Clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional design study, using the National Cholesterol Education Program definition, metabolic syndrome prevalence rates were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  48/98 (49%) of subjects met criteria for metabolic syndrome. There was no difference in prevalence rate by gender or race. Almost 70% of the cohort met criteria for metabolic syndrome by the components of reduced HDL and increased waist circumference. Treatment with carbamazepine at study entry was associated with a lower prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is limited by its small size and non-structured assessment of Axis I diagnosis. Nonetheless, bipolar patients in this select cohort have high rates of metabolic syndrome; given this cardiovascular risk, close clinical monitoring for these parameters is recommended. While not controlling for genetics, environmental influences, and/or medical factors such as additional comorbidity and treatment duration, psychotropic drug use may confer differential risk for developing the metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, UCLA Mood Disorders Research Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, United States.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cardenas
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Frye
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Marusak
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Levander
authors.forename: Jason W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chirichigno
authors.forename: Stryder
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Shoshanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakelsky
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mintz
authors.forename: Lori L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Altshuler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D018692:Antimanic Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides