Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: recent clinical progress.
BACKGROUND
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare cutaneous tumor of low malignant grade characterized by a pattern of slow, infiltrative growth and a marked tendency to recur locally after surgical excision. Wide surgical resection is generally accepted as optimal treatment for DFSP. However, despite optimal surgical management, distant metastases may develop in up to 5% of patients. More than 90% of DFSP are characterized by a reciprocal chromosomal translocation, t(17;22). This rearrangement leads to constitutive activation of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) as a result of deregulated ligand expression, thus providing a rationale for targeted inhibition of PDGFR as a treatment strategy for patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic DFSP.


METHODS
This article reviews the current understanding of DFSP, with emphasis on molecular-level pathogenetic events and their implications for management, and evidence for the role of tyrosine kinase inhibition in improving the outcomes of patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic DFSP.


RESULTS
Surgery with wide margins remains the cornerstone in the management of DFSP. Recently, imatinib, a potent, selective inhibitor of the PDGFR alpha and PDGFR beta protein-tyrosine kinases, has been reported to induce complete or partial remissions in most patients treated for advanced DFSP.


CONCLUSIONS
Imatinib is approved for treatment of adult patients with unresectable, recurrent, and/or metastatic DFSP who are not eligible for surgery. Future investigations will determine whether imatinib can also be used in the neoadjuvant setting to reduce tumor volume, thereby allowing resection of very large DFSP that would otherwise not be resectable.
McArthur
Grant
G
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Australia, 3002. grant.mcarthur@petermac.org
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001549:Benzamides; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 / Q000235:genetics; D002892:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 / Q000235:genetics; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018223:Dermatofibrosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017479:Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D014178:Translocation, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D010879:Piperazines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017479:Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor