title: Phase 2 study of the combination of merimepodib with peginterferon-alpha2b, and ribavirin in nonresponders to previous therapy for chronic hepatitis C.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  While combination of peginterferon-alpha (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) therapy is the current standard of care for chronic hepatitis C (CHC), only 44-51% of genotype-1 patients achieve a sustained virological response (SVR), and both agents produce treatment-limiting toxicities. In the hepatitis C virus (HCV) replicon system, merimepodib (MMPD), a novel, selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, has shown potent antiviral effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study evaluated the safety and antiviral activity of PEG-IFN-alpha2b and RBV combined with either placebo, 25mg MMPD every 12h (q12h), or 50mg MMPD q12h in interferon-alpha (IFN) and RBV nonresponders. After 24 weeks of treatment, subjects with undetectable HCV RNA were proposed to continue assigned treatment for up to 24 additional weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PEG-IFN-alpha, RBV, and MMPD combination was well tolerated at both doses. After 24 weeks, the proportion of HCV RNA undetectable subjects was 8/11 (73%) in the 50-mg MMPD group, 2/10 (20%) in the 25-mg MMPD group, and 3/10 (30%) in the placebo group (P=0.02, Jonckheere-Terpstra test for increasing dose response). Ten subjects entered and completed an extension study, at Week 48, 2 of 2 (100%) of the 25-mg and 3 of 5 (60%) of the 50-mg subjects remained HCV RNA undetectable, compared with 3 of 3 (100%) of the placebo subjects. At Follow-up Week 24, 2 (100%) of the 25-mg , and 1 (25%) of the 50-mg subjects remained undetectable, compared with 1 (33%) of the placebo subjects. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses showed a correlation between MMPD exposure and early virological response at week 12, but not with hemoglobin decreases often associated with RBV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, PEG-IFN-alpha2b and RBV combined with 50 mg MMPD q12h was well tolerated and induced virological response with undetectable HCV RNA in IFN-alpha and RBV nonresponders.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Beaujon, Service d'Hépatologie, 100 Bld du General Leclerc, 92100 Clichy, France. Patrick.marcellin@bjn.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marcellin
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Horsmans
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nevens
authors.forename: Jean-Didier
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Grange
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bronowicki
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vetter
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Purdy
authors.forename: Varun
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.forename: Leif
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bengtsson
authors.forename: Lindsay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McNair
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alam
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002219:Carbamates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010919:Placebos; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D002219:Carbamates; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; C407002:N-3-(3-(3-methoxy-4-oxazol-5-ylphenyl)ureido)benzylcarbamic acid tetrahydrofuran-3-yl ester; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D010919:Placebos; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C417083:peginterferon alfa-2b