title: Phytosterol and tocopherol components in extracts of corn distiller's dried grain.
abstract: As the ethanol industry continues to grow, it will become very important to develop value-added markets for its coproducts in order for the industry to remain profitable. Corn distiller's dried grain (DDG) is a major coproduct of ethanol fermentation from corn processed by dry-milling and is primarily sold as livestock feed. The objective of this research was to determine if valuable phytochemicals found in corn oil and corn fiber oil, such as phytosterols and their saturated equivalents, phytostanols, ferulate phytosterol esters (FPE), tocopherols, and tocotrienols, are retained in DDG. Hexane and supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) extracts of DDG were similar in their concentrations of total phytosterols (15.8-17.3 mg/g of extract), FPE (3.75-3.99 mg/g of extract), and tocols (1.7-1.8 mg/g of extract). Ethanol extracts were slightly lower in concentration of phytosterols (8.9-11.4 mg/g of extract), FPE (1.62-1.98 mg/g of extract), and tocols (0.73-0.76 mg/g of extract).
authors.affiliation: National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, Illinois 61604, USA. jill.winkler@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Jill K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.forename: Kathy A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Rennick
authors.forename: Fred J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Eller
authors.forename: Steven F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Vaughn
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003314:Corn Oil / Q000737:chemistry; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000032:analysis*; D024508:Tocotrienols / Q000032:analysis; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010840:Phytosterols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D024508:Tocotrienols; D000431:Ethanol; D003314:Corn Oil; D024505:Tocopherols