title: Prions of fungi: inherited structures and biological roles.
abstract: The term 'prion' means an infectious protein that does not need an accompanying nucleic acid. There are six fungal prions, including four self-propagating amyloids and two enzymes that are necessary to activate their inactive precursors. Here we explore the scope of the prion phenomenon, the biological and evolutionary roles of prions, the structural basis of the amyloid prions and the prominent role of chaperones (proteins that affect the folding of other proteins) and other cellular components in prion generation and propagation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0830, USA. wickner@helix.nih.gov
authors.forename: Reed B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Wickner
authors.forename: Herman K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Edskes
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shewmaker
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayashiki
mesh_terms: D000682:Amyloid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D048468:Podospora / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011328:Prions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000682:Amyloid; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D011328:Prions; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins