title: [Retinal pigment epithelial tears after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for AMD. Frequency and progress].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intravitreal injection of the antibody bevacizumab is unofficially becoming more and more the "standard of care" in the treatment of neovascular AMD. After initial concerns about possible systemic adverse events of the drug, intravitreal injection has as yet shown a very good safety profile. Due to the common application of this VEGF inhibitor it is of great importance to report complications that may be related to the use of bevacizumab. In this scope we present a series of patients with predominantly serous detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium (PED), who developed a tear (rip) in the retinal pigment epithelium (RRPE) after intravitreal application of bevacizumab.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our data are based on a prospective, consecutive, interventional case series of 420 patients with neovascular AMD. These patients received at least 1 intravitreal application of 1.25 mg bevacizumab within the period of 1 year. Follow-up examinations were every 4-6 weeks. Visits were documented with best corrected visual acuity according to the ETDRS standard, biomicroscopy of the retina, intraocular pressure measurement, evaluation of central retinal thickness, fluorescein angiography and fundus photography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 420 patients, 74 were classified as having predominantly serous PED. In the further course 13 out of 74 patients developed RRPE. Patients who had an intact subfoveal RPE, gained vision scores of 1.4+/-8.3 ETDRS letters (span width -15 to 14) despite RRPE or had stable Snellen vision of 0.0+/-0.1 logMar. In contrast patients with no subfoveal RPE due to RRPE showed loss of vision of -6.2+/-7.2 ETDRS letters (span width -15 to 1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case series describes RRPE as a novel complication of intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy with bevacizumab. However, it seems that this complication is limited to the entity of predominantly serous PED. These patients should therefore be informed about the risk of RRPE before initiating anti-VEGF therapy with bevacizumab, although the reverse conclusion to generally exclude patients with PED from anti-VEGF therapy is not justifiable due to therapeutic efficiency and associated gain of vision.
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Mathildenstrasse 8, 80336, München, Germany. daniel.kook@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kook
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Neubauer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haritoglou
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Priglinger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kampik
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Ulbig
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000187:drug effects; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab