title: Nitrotyrosine in human neonatal spinal cord after perinatal asphyxia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spinal cord injury has been reported after perinatal asphyxia in full-term neonates.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the role of excessive nitric oxide production in perinatal spinal cord injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue samples of 18 full-term neonates who died of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy were analyzed for the presence of nitrotyrosine (NT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  NT was demonstrated in 5 of these 18 neonates. In addition, activated caspase 3, a marker of apoptosis, and CD68, as a marker of inflammation, could be demonstrated in some infants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  excessive nitric oxide production and subsequent NT formation is seen in spinal cord tissue after severe perinatal asphyxia. This finding may be relevant for the development of neuroprotective strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. F.Groenendaal@umcutrecht.nl
authors.forename: Floris
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Groenendaal
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vles
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lammers
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Vente
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smit
authors.forename: Peter G J
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Nikkels
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis; D001238:Asphyxia Neonatorum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D001344:Autopsy; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D053148:Caspase 3; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D014443:Tyrosine; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine