title: Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan antibodies (ASCA) of Crohn's patients crossreact with mannan from other yeast strains, and murine ASCA IgM can be experimentally induced with Candida albicans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) present in a subgroup of Crohn's disease (CD) patients indicate loss of tolerance against commensal antigens. ASCA can be induced in Candida albicans-infected rabbits, suggesting their potential crossreactive nature. The present study aimed to determine crossreactivities of ASCA with cell wall mannans from other yeasts, including the opportunistic pathogen C. albicans, and to define the requirements for (crossreactive) ASCA in experimental mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  ASCA were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ASCA were neutralized by preincubating sera with purified mannans. Binding of ASCA was visualized by Western blot. Mice were immunized with live yeasts and experimental colitis was induced with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seroreactivity of ASCA-positive CD patients against S. cerevisiae mannan significantly correlates with that against mannans from 5 other yeast species, including C. albicans. This correlation is due to crossreactive IgG, demonstrated by the loss of reactivity after preincubation of sera with mannans from the other yeasts. Immunization of mice with S. cerevisiae or C. albicans fails to induce (crossreactive) ASCA IgM or IgG antibodies. Subsequent chronic experimental colitis concomitant with feeding live yeasts promotes ASCA IgM but not IgG generation, while titers remain modest compared to those in ASCA-positive CD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Correlations of ASCA reactivities against mannans from different yeasts are due to crossreactive IgGs. The inability of mice to readily generate ASCA is in line with the current opinion that genetic predisposition is a prerequisite for the development of this and other unusual immune reactivities in CD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schaffer
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Beatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Flogerzi
authors.forename: Beatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Seibold-Schmid
authors.forename: Alain M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Schoepfer
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Seibold
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000908:Antibodies, Fungal / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D000917:Antibody Formation; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000276:immunology; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D003429:Cross Reactions / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes; D008351:Mannans / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000276:immunology; D015003:Yeasts / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000908:Antibodies, Fungal; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes; D008351:Mannans