title: Radiotherapy and tamoxifen after mastectomy in postmenopausal women -- 20 year follow-up of the South Sweden Breast Cancer Group randomised trial SSBCG II:I.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate long-term effects of radiotherapy and tamoxifen after mastectomy on recurrence and survival in stage II breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomised phase III study with three treatment alternatives. (1) Radiotherapy 50 Gy/25 fractions to chest wall and regional lymph nodes (RT). (2) Radiotherapy and tamoxifen 30 mg/day for one year (RT+tam) and 3. Tamoxifen (tam).
  
  
  RESULTS
  724 postmenopausal women were included between 1978 and 1985 and the trial was close to population based. Follow-up for survival was 23 years. Locoregional recurrences were reduced from 18.5% in the tam arm to 5.3% in the RT+tam arm. Overall mortality at 20 years was 71% in the RT arm, 68% in the RT+tam arm and 62% in the tam arm. The difference between RT+tam and tam was not significant except in the receptor positive subgroup in favour of non-irradiated patients (p=0.047). The cumulative incidence of systemic disease at 20 years was lower in the RT+Tam arm than in the RT arm, 40% versus 50% (p=0.047).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postmastectomy radiotherapy significantly reduced loco-regional recurrences, but overall survival was not improved. At 20 years, a lower mortality was recorded for non-irradiated patients treated with tam.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. Fredrika.Killander@med.lu.se
authors.forename: Fredrika
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Killander
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rydén
authors.forename: Torgil
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Möller
authors.forename: Knut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aspegren
authors.forename: Jeanette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ceberg
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Danewid
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Malmström
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D015409:Mastectomy, Radical / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control; D017698:Postmenopause; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D013629:Tamoxifen