Cytotoxic effect of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) hull against cancer cells.
Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) hull was extracted with 70% ethanol and then further fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water stepwise. In the in vitro test (SRB assay), hexane and ethyl acetate fractions showed higher inhibition effects against MCF-7 cells than other samples at the 1 mg/mL level: 89% and 93.2%, respectively. They also displayed higher inhibition rates against Hep3B cells of 83.6% and 75.3%, respectively, at 1 mg/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction yielded the highest inhibition rate against A549 cells with the level of 0.25 mg/mL, but it showed a lower inhibition rate than the hexane and chloroform fractions at higher levels of sample, i.e., 0.75 and 1.0 mg/mL. All samples showed higher inhibition effects against AGS human gastric carcinoma than any other cancer cells. The inhibition rates against HeLa cells were 81.2% and 82.0% for the chloroform and butanol fraction with 0.5 mg/mL, respectively. However, all samples yielded an inhibition rate of less than 35% against normal cells, at all treatment levels, except the ethanol extract. All extracts at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg showed decreases of more than 20% and 42%, respectively, in tumor formation in sarcoma-180 implanted mice except for the aqueous fraction. From these results, it is suggested that buckwheat hull possesses anticancer properties against a variety of different cancer cell lines.
Kim
Soo-Hyun
SH
School of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea.
Cui
Cheng-Bi
CB
Kang
Il-Jun
IJ
Kim
Sun Young
SY
Ham
Seung-Shi
SS
D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019612:Fagopyrum / Q000737:chemistry*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D012510:Sarcoma 180 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010936:Plant Extracts