title: Ultrasonographic comparison of gastric motility between diabetic gastroparesis patients with and without metabolic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diabetic patients with poor glycemic control or long standing disease often have impaired gastric motility. Recently, metabolic factors such as blood glucose have been reported as influencing gastric motility independently of autonomic neuropathy. Many diabetic patients have metabolic syndrome, which is strongly associated with coronary and other diseases. We investigated whether metabolic syndrome influences diabetic gastroparesis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We observed gastric motility ultrasonographically in diabetic gastroparesis patients including nine with and nine without metabolic syndrome. Both groups complained of upper abdominal symptoms when hospitalized to improve blood sugar control. All patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to rule out gastric and duodenal lesions. All had autonomic neuropathy. Gastric motility was evaluated within 3 days after admission by transabdominal ultrasonography after a test meal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gastric emptying was 45.0 +/- 13.7% in patients with and 39.1 +/- 11.9% in patients without metabolic syndrome, which was not statistically significant. Frequency of gastric contractions was 8.33 +/- 2.78 per 3 min in patients with metabolic syndrome and 7.44 +/- 2.13 per 3 min in the others, which was not statistically significant. The motility index, which involves antral contractility, was 3.21 +/- 2.18 in patients with metabolic syndrome and 2.80 +/- 1.87 in the others, which was not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metabolic syndrome did not appear to contribute to delayed gastric motility in diabetic gastroparesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive and Cardiovascular Medicine, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sogabe
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwaki
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okita
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hibino
authors.forename: Seizo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sawda
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okahisa
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsujigami
authors.forename: Hiroshige
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hukui
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Toshikatsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taniki
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakasono
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Muguruma
authors.forename: Seisuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005746:Gastric Emptying; D018589:Gastroparesis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D014463:Ultrasonography