title: Polyethylene glycol 3350 plus electrolytes for chronic constipation in children: a double blind, placebo controlled, crossover study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol 3350 plus electrolytes (PEG+E) for the treatment of chronic constipation in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled crossover trial, with two 2-week treatment periods separated by a 2-week placebo washout.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six UK paediatric departments.
  
  
  METHODS
  51 children (29 girls, 22 boys) aged 24 months to 11 years with chronic constipation (lasting > or =3 months), defined as < or =2 complete bowel movements per week and one of the following: pain on defaecation on 25% of days; > or =25% of bowel movements with straining; > or =25% of bowel movements with hard/lumpy stools. 47 children completed the double blind treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Number of complete defaecations per week (primary efficacy variable), total number of complete and incomplete defaecations per week, pain on defaecation, straining on defaecation, faecal incontinence, stool consistency, global assessment of treatment, adverse events and physical examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean number of complete defaecations per week was significantly higher for children on PEG+E than on placebo (3.12 (SD 2.05) v 1.45 (SD 1.20), respectively; p<0.001). Further significant differences in favour of PEG+E were observed for total number of defaecations per week (p = 0.003), pain on defaecation (p = 0.041), straining on defaecation (p<0.001), stool consistency (p<0.001) and percentage of hard stools (p = 0.001). Treatment related adverse events (all mild or moderate) occurred in similar numbers of children on PEG+E (41%) and placebo during treatment (45%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PEG+E is significantly more effective than placebo, and appears to be safe and well tolerated in the treatment of chronic constipation in children.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK. Mike.Thomson@sch.nhs.uk
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Bisset
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heuschkel
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kalra
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Geraint
mesh_terms: D002400:Cathartics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003248:Constipation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002400:Cathartics; D004573:Electrolytes; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols