title: [Surveillance results of nosocomial infections of the ICU in Kenézy Hospital, based on two years data].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  According to data in the literature, the number of nosocomial infections in the ICU is far higher than in non-ICU patients. As a result of improving lifesaving technologies, the risk of nosocomial infections increases in ICUs. Utilization of epidemiological methods is recommended for the detection and follow up of nosocomial infections.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Prospective surveillance to assess the epidemiology of nosocomial infections in an ICU.
  
  
  METHODS
  Kenézy Hospital is a country hospital with 1637 beds and a 16-bed central ICU. During the investigated period (01. 04. 2004-31. 03. 2006) 1490 patients, with a total 8058 ICU days, were hospitalised in the mixed medical-surgical ICU. The commonest primary diagnosis were respiratory failure, multiple trauma and head injury. Surveillance was performed by a trained infection control nurse and was supervised by an infection control physician and infectious disease physician. CDC definitions were used to define nosocomial infections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 194 nosocomial infections in 134 patients were detected during the study period. The overall incidence and incidence density of nosocomial infections were 13.0 per 100 patients and 24.0 per 1000 patient-days. Respiratory tract infections (44.3%) were the most frequent nosocomial infection, followed by urinary tract (21.1%) and bloodstream infections (20.1%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nosocomial surveillance is useful in detecting nosocomial infections in ICU. A multidisciplinary approach and partnership between the physicians and infection control nurses is needed. Patient-to-nurse ratio is an independent risk factor for nosocomial infections in intensive care, this must be kept in mind when planning rationalization of the number of nursing staff.
authors.affiliation: Hajdú-Bihar Megyei Onkormányzat Kenézy Gyula Kórház-Rendelointézete, Debrecen. orosip@dote.hu
authors.forename: Piroska
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Orosi
authors.forename: Anikó
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farkas
authors.forename: Ibolya
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berkes
authors.forename: Nagy Gyöngyi
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Salné
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Szentkereszty
authors.forename: Katalin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mályi
authors.forename: Anikó
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dán
mesh_terms: D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D016469:Fungemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009726:Nurses / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D000078329:Workforce