title: Relationship between glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms and enzyme activity in Hong Kong Chinese asthmatics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Asthma is a disease associated with oxidative stress. The glutathione S-transferases (GST) are a group of enzymes that protect cells from oxidative stress. Functional genetic polymorphisms of GST genes (GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1) have previously been reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association of GST gene polymorphisms and its enzyme activity with the risk of asthma in Hong Kong Chinese adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  An age- and smoking status-matched case-control study was carried out on 315 patients with asthma and 315 healthy controls. Genotyping was carried out on genomic DNA using the PCR and/or restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Plasma GST activity was measured by fluorometric assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The distribution of various genotypes or alleles of the GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1 was not significantly different between patients with asthma and healthy controls. The GSTM1 null genotype was found to be protective from the development of asthma in atopic subjects (odds ratios 0.55, 95% confidence interval 0.34-0.90; P=0.017). However, there was no association between GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes and enzyme activity. GSTP1 codon 105 Val variants led to reduced plasma GST activity in healthy controls. Asthma patients had elevated plasma GST activity compared with healthy controls irrespective of their genotypes (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that among atopic subjects, the GSTM1 null genotype is associated with a decreased risk for asthma despite increased level of plasma GST activity in asthma, but it could not distinguish whether this increase is a potentially protective compensatory effect or a pathogenic factor.
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: J C W
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mak
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: H C M
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: A H K
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: B K W
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: L K Y
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: So
authors.forename: J W M
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chau
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: M S M
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ip
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chan-Yeung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D001249:Asthma / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase