title: Parents' social adjustment in families of children with spina bifida: a theory-driven review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Five theoretical hypotheses about the impact of spina bifida (SB) on parents' social adjustment in the parent-child, the marital and the family-level relationship were tested.
  
  
  METHODS
  PsycInfo, Medline and reference lists were searched. This yielded 27 eligible reports. Effect sizes (Hedges' d) were computed to estimate the impact of SB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, the effects of SB were small to negligible on the affective dimensions of parents' relationships. The few effects that were found tended to be positive. The most important negative effects of SB were found in the parent-child relationship (parenting stress and overprotection).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Support was found for the resilience-disruption hypothesis, the role-division hypothesis and the miscarried-helping hypothesis, but not for the marital-disruption hypothesis or the marginality hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands. i.vermaes@pwo.ru.nl
authors.forename: Ignace P R
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Vermaes
authors.forename: Jan R M
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gerris
authors.forename: Jan M A M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Janssens
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009679:Nuclear Family / Q000523:psychology; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011582:Psychological Theory; D012917:Social Adjustment; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology