title: Beta 3-adrenoceptors in the cardiovascular system.
abstract: The sympathetic system is central in the understanding of numerous physiological and physiopathological phenomena. During the last decade, the characterization of a new beta-adrenoceptor subtype, beta(3), in addition to beta(1) and beta(2)-adrenoceptor in the cardiovascular system has changed the view of the roles of the sympathetic system. In heart, beta(3)-adrenoceptor stimulation produce an opposite effect to that induced by beta(1) and beta(2)-adrenoceptors suggesting that in normal heart, the negative inotropic effect induced by the beta(3)-adrenergic stimulation might play a role of a "safety-valve" during intense adrenergic stimulation. In vessels, all beta-adrenoceptors subtypes, beta(1), beta(2) and beta(3), mediate a vasodilation. As beta(3)-adrenoceptors are activated at higher concentrations of catecholamines than beta(1) and beta(2)-adrenoceptors, they could play the roll of a receptor reserve. beta(3)-adrenoceptors are overexpressed in heart failure and hypertension and could constitute a new therapeutic target. In addition, the efficiency of some beta-blockers such as nebivolol could result from an action on beta(3)-adrenoceptors.
authors.affiliation: Inserm U533, L'institut du thorax, Nantes, France. chantal.gauthier@nantes.inserm.fr
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gauthier
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sèze-Goismier
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rozec
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3