title: [Equipment and technology in robotics].
abstract: We review the evolution and current status of robotic equipment and technology in urology. We also describe future developments in the key areas of virtual reality simulation, mechatronics and nanorobotics. The history of robotic technology is reviewed and put into the context of current systems. Experts in the associated fields of nanorobotics, mechatronics and virtual reality simulation simulation review the important future developments in these areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, and King's College School of Medicine Department of Mechatronics, King's College London, UK. decmurphy@doctors.net.uk
authors.forename: Declan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Challacombe
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nedas
authors.forename: Oussama
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Elhage
authors.forename: Kaspar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Althoefer
authors.forename: Lakmal
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Seneviratne
authors.forename: Prokar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dasgupta
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D004867:Equipment Design; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D036103:Nanotechnology; D012371:Robotics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D012677:Sensation