title: [Pathogenesis of chronic disseminated acinar pulmonary tuberculosis: Oka's classification of pulmonary tuberculosis type IIB--a discussion through an analysis of two typical cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the pathogenesis of chronic disseminated acinar pulmonary tuberculosis (Oka's classification type IIB).
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects are two cases of chronic disseminated acinar pulmonary tuberculosis. The pathogenesis were discussed through an analysis of their radiologic findings on admission and in the past.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Case 1 is a 36 year-old woman whose complaint was slight fever and cervical lymphadenopathy for past four months. Disseminated granular shadows were observed in both lung fields on the chest X-ray on admission. The CT examination indicated that each granule was composed of circumscribed lesion within terminal or respiratory bronchiole, so called acinar lesion. It is compatible with pulmonary tuberculosis type IIB according to Oka's classification. The bronchial lavage yielded Mycobacterium tuberculosis. When compared the chest X-ray with that at 4 months before, it is suggested that the granular lesions were first spread hematogeneously and each granule thereafter ruptured into the airway. Case 2 is a 90 year-old man with slight fever and weight loss. The chest X-ray showed diffuse granular shadows. The CT examination indicated that the lung shadows were composed of disseminated acinar lesions. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was established by a bronchoscopic examination. Comparison of the chest X-ray findings between those at 3 years 9 months before and 8 months before suggests the bronchogenic development of the disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Through an analysis of these two cases, two kinds of pathogenesis were suggested in chronic disseminated acinar pulmonary tuberculosis; namely, one is hematogeneous route and the other is in bronchogenic route.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Social Insurance Central General Hospital, 3-22-1, Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan. tokuda-h@mc.neweb.ne.jp
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tokuda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000145:classification* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*