title: The use of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the selection of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma for radio frequency ablation therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in selecting patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for radio frequency ablation (RFA).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred seventy-nine patients with HCC were divided into 2 groups before receiving RFA: a CEUS group and a control group. The patients were concatenated and alternately apportioned into these 2 groups. In the CEUS group, 92 patients underwent pre-RFA CEUS using the contrast agent sulfur hexafluoride and enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging before RFA for selecting suitable cases for RFA, and in the control group, conventional ultrasonography and enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging were performed in 87 patients for selecting patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the CEUS group, 9 patients (9.8%) were excluded for RFA therapy by CEUS. The other 83 patients (90.2%), with a total of 114 lesions, were treated by RFA. In the control group, 5 patients (5.7%) were excluded for RFA. The other 82 patients (94.3%), with a total of 107 lesions, were treated by RFA. During the follow-up period of 18 to 50 months, the primary technique effectiveness rates in the CEUS and control groups were 94.7% and 87.9%, respectively (P = .1182). The local tumor progression rate, the new HCC rate, and the repeated RFA rate of the CEUS group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P = .033, .004, and .001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pre-RFA CEUS provides important information for selecting suitable patients for RFA. The use of CEUS in selecting patients with HCC can decrease post-RFA local tumor progression and improve the efficacy of RFA therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, School of Oncology, Peking University, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Haidian District, Beijing, China. minhuachen@bjcancer.org
authors.forename: Min-Hua
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Shan-Shan
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D018579:Patient Selection; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride; D015996:Survival Rate; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride