title: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is associated with more severe left ventricular dyssynchrony than is hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and to compare abnormalities associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and hypertensive heart disease (HHD) using 2D speckle tracking imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Basal, middle, and apical 2D LV short-axis images were acquired in 43 patients with LVH including 20 with HCM and 23 with HHD, and in 15 age-matched controls. Radial strain, circumferential strain, time interval from the R-wave to peak radial strain (Trs), and time to peak circumferential strain (Tcs) were measured in six equidistant segments at each level of the 3 LV short-axis views using 2D speckle tracking analysis. To assess LV dyssynchrony, Trs(cs)-18SD, the standard deviation (SD) of Trs(cs) in all 18 segments, was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regional radial strain in the middle and apical short-axis segments was significantly less in patients with HCM than in those with HHD. Regional circumferential strain in the apical short-axis segments was also less in HCM. Trs-18SD and Tcs-18SD were significantly longer in patients with HCM than in age-matched controls and patients with HHD (Trs-18SD: HCM: 88 +/- 32 ms, HHD: 51 +/- 20 ms, control: 45 +/- 12 ms P < 0.001, Tcs-18SD: HCM: 71 +/- 27 ms, HHD: 46 +/- 14 ms, control: 45 +/- 14 ms P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of LVH is thus not always associated with LV dyssynchrony. However, the greater reduction of regional strain and severe LV dyssynchrony in HCM may contribute to the adverse cardiovascular outcomes associated with this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Tane General Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagakura
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshitani
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishikage
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kokumai
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Otani
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshiyama
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014463:Ultrasonography; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*