title: Etiologies of chronic liver diseases in Hong Kong.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In Hong Kong, chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is endemic with a prevalence rate of 8.8%. Data, however, on chronic hepatitis C infection and other nonviral causes of chronic liver disease (CLD) are limited.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the spectrum of CLDs in Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of all patients attending the Hepatology Clinic of Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, in 2004 were reviewed to identify those with CLDs and their underlying causes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 6106 patients were found to have CLD. CHB accounted for 89.4% of the cases, followed by chronic hepatitis C infection (5.1%). Nonviral causes accounted for the remaining 5.5% [alcoholic liver disease (ALD) (1.7%), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (1.5%), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) (1.3%)]. Patients with CHB and Wilson's disease were significantly younger than patients with other causes (P<0.002). More than 90% of patients with autoimmune hepatitis and PBC were women. The prevalence of CHB infection was lower in patients with PBC than the general population. Among patients with ALD, the prevalence rate was higher for chronic hepatitis C but similar for CHB, as compared with the general population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite universal HBV vaccination since 1988, CHB remains the commonest cause of CLD in Hong Kong. PBC and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were not rare in the Chinese population, being important causes of nonviral liver disease. The prevalence of chronic viral infection among patients with PBC or ALD confirmed the findings of other published literatures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Konrad Tang-Tat
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Fung
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fung
authors.forename: Ching-Lung
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Man-Fung
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Yuen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008105:Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / Q000453:epidemiology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged