title: Use of colony-stimulating factors for chemotherapy-associated neutropenia: review of current guidelines.
abstract: Chemotherapy-associated neutropenia is often dose-limiting and may compromise treatment efficacy. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) are increasingly used to prevent febrile neutropenia (FN) or to increase dose-density. This review discusses recent changes in treatment guidelines for chemotherapy-associated neutropenia. Primary prophylactic use of CSFs is now recommended as a treatment option at an overall risk of FN of 20%, not taking into account cost-effectiveness. To estimate the risk of FN, patient-, disease-, and treatment-related factors predicting an adverse outcome of FN have been determined. Dose-dense chemotherapy has become feasible with the use of CSFs. However, clinical benefit has been shown only for specific chemotherapy regimens in breast cancer, small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), for the latter particularly for patients above 60 years of age. Strategies are being developed to tailor the use of CSFs to patients with a high risk of adverse outcome of FN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Hemostaseology, and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. heuser.michael@mh-hannover.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heuser
authors.forename: Arnold
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ganser
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bokemeyer
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors