title: Reduction of Streptococcus mutans adherence and dental biofilm formation by surface treatment with phosphorylated polyethylene glycol.
abstract: Initial attachment of the cariogenic Streptococcus mutans onto dental enamel is largely promoted by the adsorption of specific salivary proteins on enamel surface. Some phosphorylated salivary proteins were found to reduce S. mutans adhesion by competitively inhibiting the adsorption of S. mutans-binding salivary glycoproteins to hydroxyapatite (HA). The aim of this study was to develop antiadherence compounds for preventing dental biofilm development. We synthesized phosphorylated polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivatives and examined the possibility of surface pretreatment with them for preventing S. mutans adhesion in vitro and dental biofilm formation in vivo. Pretreatment of the HA surface with methacryloyloxydecyl phosphate (MDP)-PEG prior to saliva incubation hydrophilized the surface and thereby reduced salivary protein adsorption and saliva-promoted bacterial attachment to HA. However, when MDP-PEG was added to the saliva-pretreated HA (S-HA) surface, its inhibitory effect on bacterial binding was completely diminished. S. mutans adhesion onto S-HA was successfully reduced by treatment of the surface with pyrophosphate (PP), which desorbs salivary components from S-HA. Treatment of S-HA surfaces with MDP-PEG plus PP completely inhibited saliva-promoted S. mutans adhesion even when followed by additional saliva treatment. Finally, mouthwash with MDP-PEG plus PP prevented de novo biofilm development after thorough teeth cleaning in humans compared to either water or PP alone. We conclude that MDP-PEG plus PP has the potential for use as an antiadherence agent that prevents dental biofilm development.
authors.affiliation: Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corp, Ichikai-Machi, Haga-Gun, Tochigi, Japan. shimotoyodome.akira@kao.co.jp
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimotoyodome
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koudate
authors.forename: Hisataka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tokimitsu
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hase
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsukubo
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takaesu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology; D015195:Drug Design; D017886:Durapatite; D054808:Histatins / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D012472:Salivation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014070:Tooth / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D054808:Histatins; C018149:STATH protein, human; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides; C068074:HTN1 protein, human; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017886:Durapatite