Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of DPC 333 ((2R)-2-((3R)-3-amino-3{4-[2-methyl-4-quinolinyl) methoxy] phenyl}-2-oxopyrrolidinyl)-N-hydroxy-4-methylpentanamide)), a potent and selective inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor alpha-converting enzyme in rodents, dogs, chimpanzees, and humans.
DPC 333 ((2R)-2-((3R)-3-amino-3{4-[2-methyl-4-quinolinyl) methoxy] phenyl}-2-oxopyrrolidinyl)-N-hydroxy-4-methylpentanamide)) is a potent and selective inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-converting enzyme (TACE). It significantly inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced soluble TNF-alpha production in blood from rodents, chimpanzee, and human, with IC(50) values ranging from 17 to 100 nM. In rodent models of endotoxemia, DPC 333 inhibited the production of TNF-alpha in a dose-dependent manner, with an oral ED(50) ranging from 1.1 to 6.1 mg/kg. Oral dosing of DPC 333 at 5.5 mg/kg daily for 2 weeks in a rat collagen antibody-induced arthritis model suppressed the maximal response by approximately 50%. DPC 333 was distributed widely to tissues including the synovium, the site of action for antiarthritic drugs. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in chimpanzee revealed a systemic clearance of 0.4 l/h/kg, a V(ss) of 0.6 l/kg, an oral bioavailability of 17%, and an ex vivo IC(50) for the suppression of TNF-alpha production of 55 nM (n = 1). In a phase I clinical trial with male volunteers after single escalating doses of oral DPC 333, the terminal half-life was between 3 and 6 h and the ex vivo IC(50) for suppressing TNF-alpha production was 113 nM. Measurement of the suppression of TNF-alpha production ex vivo may serve as a good biomarker in evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of TACE inhibitors. Overall, the pharmacological profiles of DPC 333 support the notion that suppression of TNF-alpha with TACE inhibitors like DPC 333 may provide a novel approach in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, via control of excessive TNF-alpha production.
Qian
Mingxin
M
Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey, USA. mqian@gene.com
Bai
Stephen A
SA
Brogdon
Bernice
B
Wu
Jing-Tao
JT
Liu
Rui-Qin
RQ
Covington
Maryanne B
MB
Vaddi
Kris
K
Newton
Robert C
RC
Fossler
Michael J
MJ
Garner
C Edwin
CE
Deng
Yuzhong
Y
Maduskuie
Thomas
T
Trzaskos
James
J
Duan
James J-W
JJ
Decicco
Carl P
CP
Christ
David D
DD
D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000072198:ADAM17 Protein; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D011804:Quinolines / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C476910:BMS561392; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011804:Quinolines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000072198:ADAM17 Protein; C000606462:ADAM17 protein, human; C000606463:Adam17 protein, mouse; C000606464:Adam17 protein, rat