[Renal failure as a factor of vascular aging].
OBJECTIVE
To specify frequency and factors of risk to develop atherosclerosis (AS) at a predialysis stage of chronic renal failure (CRF).


METHODS
Ultrasound dopplerography of common carotid and femoral arteries was made in 165 patients aged 46 +/- 15 years with CRF at a predialysis stage. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 37.2 (35.02-40.83) ml/min. AS frequency and risk factors were studied with reference to age of the patients and functional state of the kidneys.


RESULTS
Aortic AS was detected in 37% patients. AS of the cardiac vessels, brain, kidneys and lower limbs was found in 24, 18, 14 and 5% patients, respectively. Frequency of preclinical AS detection was 3 times higher than that of AS clinical symptoms. AS main risk factors were the following: age, body mass index, arterial hypertension, disturbances of phosphorus-calcium metabolism. Subnormal GFR and elevated blood creatinin were independent factors of development of preclinical AS. With progression of CRF, impact of renal risk factors increased while that of routine risk factors diminished.


CONCLUSIONS
Structural changes of the vessels are detectable at a predialysis stage of CRF. Frequency of preclinical AS is rather high. The cause of preterm aging of the vessels in CRF is combined impacts of conventional and renal factors of risk.
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology
D003404:Creatinine