Inhibitory costimulation and anti-tumor immunity.
Costimulation was originally shown to be important in T-cell activation and effector differentiation. Recent characterization of B7/butyrophilin and members of the CD28 superfamily has revealed a large number of negative costimulatory molecules that dampen T-cell activation and regulate immune tolerance. Some of these molecules have been shown to be upregulated in the tumor microenvironment and may serve as potential targets for augmenting anti-tumor immunity. In this article, we summarize recent developments in the field of inhibitory costimulation and discuss the future direction of therapeutic manipulation of inhibitory costimulation in tumor immunotherapy.
Department of Immunology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX, USA. nmorozco@mdanderson.org
Natalia
N
Martin-Orozco
Chen
C
Dong
D000818:Animals; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D000071797:Butyrophilins; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology
D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D000071797:Butyrophilins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins