Modification of globin gene expression by RNA targeting strategies.
OBJECTIVE
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic blood disease resulting from production of mutant beta-globin (beta(S)) and has severe clinical consequences. It is known that a higher cellular gamma-globin level, e.g., higher ratio of cellular gamma-globin to beta(S)-globin (gamma/beta(S) ratio), inhibits sickle hemoglobin (HbS) polymerization tendency. Hence, therapeutic treatment of sickle cell anemia has been focused on introducing gamma-globin gene into red blood cells to increase the cellular gamma/beta(S) ratio. Here, we have introduced ribozymes and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against beta(S)-globin mRNA into blood cells as a means to increase the gamma/beta(S) ratio.


METHODS
Single and multiribozymes against beta(S)-globin mRNA have been tested in vitro and in human erythroleukemia K562beta(S) cells that stably express exogenous beta(S)-globin gene. Primary human hematopoietic progenitor cells were also transfected with multiribozyme and the gamma/(gamma + beta) ratio determined and compared with cells transfected with long hairpin beta-globin cDNA and synthetic siRNA genes.


RESULTS
We have found that the multiribozyme zb21A containing two ribozyme units effectively reduces beta(S)-globin mRNA both in vitro and in K562beta(S) cells. The gamma-globin mRNA to beta(S)-globin mRNA ratio in the multiribozyme transfected cells is about a factor of 2 more than that in the control cells. We have also found that the gamma/(gamma + beta) ratio in the transfected hematopoietic progenitor cells is increased by more than twofold in cells treated with multiribozyme zb21A or siRNA ib5.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that introducing multiribozymes or siRNAs into red blood cells is comparable in their effectiveness to increase the ratio of cellular gamma-globin mRNA to beta- or beta(S)-globin mRNA, providing possible strategies to increase the effectiveness of gamma-globin gene transfer as gene therapy for treatment of patients with sickle cell anemia.
Shen
Tong-Jian
TJ
Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Rogers
Heather
H
Yu
Xiaobing
X
Lin
Felix
F
Noguchi
Constance T
CT
Ho
Chien
C
D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005091:Exons; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005914:Globins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010957:Plasmids; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D005914:Globins