Cord serum visfatin at term birth: maternal smoking unmasks the relation to foetal growth.
OBJECTIVE
Visfatin is an adipocytokine involved in insulin action and oxidative stress. The regulation of circulating concentrations in the human foetus is unknown. We studied whether, at term birth, the serum concentrations of visfatin are related to foetal size, both in the absence and in the presence of maternal smoking during pregnancy.


METHODS
A cross-sectional, hospital-based study.


METHODS
Seventy-eight singleton, healthy neonates [39 girls and 39 boys; gestational age (GA) 39.5 +/- 0.2 weeks; birth weight (BW) 3.3 +/- 0.04 kg].


METHODS
Cord serum visfatin, insulin and IGF-I measured by specific immunoassays.


RESULTS
In infants from nonsmoking mothers (N = 48), cord serum visfatin levels were unrelated to either BW or birth length (BL). In infants from smoking mothers (N = 30), however, serum visfatin was inversely associated with both BW (r = -0.57; P < 0.001) and BL (r = -0.60; P < 0.0001) and it was directly associated with the number of cigarettes smoked (P < 0.05) in heavy smokers. In a multiple regression analysis, cord serum visfatin accounted for 36% of BW and 32% of BL variance in infants from smoking mothers. Cord serum visfatin was unrelated to insulin or IGF-I in either subgroup.


CONCLUSIONS
At term birth, there is no readily detectable relation between circulating visfatin and indices of foetal size; however, maternal smoking unmasked a strikingly inverse relationship between cord serum visfatin and the foetal growth status, indicating that smoking can elicit a rise or a fall of cord serum visfatin, depending on whether the foetus is, respectively, of smaller or larger size.
López-Bermejo
Abel
A
Diabetes, Endocrinology & Nutrition Unit, Dr Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain.
de Zegher
Francis
F
Díaz-Silva
Marta
M
Vicente
Maria Pilar
MP
Valls
Carme
C
Ibáñez
Lourdes
L
D001724:Birth Weight / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D047929:Term Birth / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects*
D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase