Immunoregulatory dendritic cells to prevent and reverse new-onset Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Herein, the authors provide an overview of where dendritic cells lie in the immunopathology of autoimmune Type 1 diabetes mellitus and how dendritic cell-based therapy may be usefully translated to treat and reverse the disease. The immunopathology of Type 1 diabetes mellitus offers a number of windows at which immunotherapy can be applied to delay, stop and even reverse the autoimmune processes, especially in light of the recent antibody-based accomplishment of improvement in residual beta-cell mass function. As in almost all cell-specific inflammatory processes, dendritic cells are central regulators of diabetes onset and progression. This realisation, along with accumulating data confirming a role for dendritic cells in maintaining and inducing tolerance in multiple therapeutic settings, has prompted a line of investigation to identify the most effective embodiments of dendritic cells for diabetes immunotherapy.
Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Diabetes Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Massimo
M
Trucco
Nick
N
Giannoukakis
D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000502:physiology