Differential aqueous and vitreous concentrations of moxifloxacin and ofloxacin after topical administration one hour before vitrectomy.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the penetration of ofloxacin and moxifloxacin into the aqueous and vitreous after topical administration one hour before vitrectomy surgery.


METHODS
Prospective, randomized, double-blind case series study.


METHODS
Twenty-seven patients undergoing vitrectomy were randomized to receive either topical ofloxacin 0.3% or moxifloxacin 0.5% every 10 minutes for one hour before surgery. Aqueous and vitreous samples were obtained and analyzed using high-performance liquidation chromatography.


RESULTS
The moxifloxacin aqueous (1.576 +/- 0.745 microg/ml) and vitreous (0.225 +/- 0.013 microg/ml) levels were significantly higher than the ofloxacin aqueous (0.816 +/- 0.504 microg/ml) (P = .0009) and vitreous (0.225 +/- 0.013 microg/ml) [P = .0054] levels, respectively. The mean moxifloxacin aqueous and vitreous levels exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration for 90% of isolates (MIC(90)) for a wide variety of bacteria implicated in endophthalmitis. In contrast, the aqueous level of ofloxacin exceeded the MIC(90) of only a few organisms.


CONCLUSIONS
Moxifloxacin applied every 10 minutes during the hour before vitrectomy penetrated the eye significantly better than ofloxacin.
Lai
Wico W
WW
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong. wicolai@gmail.com
Chu
Kai On
KO
Chan
Kwok Ping
KP
Choy
Kwong Wai
KW
Wang
Chi Chiu
CC
Tsang
Chi Wai
CW
Pang
Chi Pui
CP
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011804:Quinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011804:Quinolines; D015242:Ofloxacin; D000077266:Moxifloxacin