Effects of supplementation with higher levels of manganese and magnesium on immune function.
The magnesium (Mg) and manganese (Mn) were evaluated for its effectiveness as an immunomodulator in rats. The treatments were as follows: Group 1, AIN-93M diet (0.05% Mg, 0.001% Mn); Group 2, high-dose Mg (0.1% Mg, 0.001% Mn); and Group 3, high dose Mn (0.05% Mg, 0.01% Mn) (n-12/group). After 12 weeks of supplementation, rats were sacrificed to assess the effect on a range of innate responses (tumoricidal activity, oxidative burst and nitric oxide) and the mitogen-stimulated lymphoproliferative response. Immune function was significantly affected in both the high dose Mg and the Mn group. Lymphocyte proliferative responses and NK cell activity were measured in pooled spleen from each group. The mitogen response of lymphocytes to LPS in the spleen was significantly reduced in high dose Mg-treated groups, whereas the response to ConA was not affected in both high dose minerals-treated groups. The reactive oxygen species level of macrophages was decreased in both groups. These effects were more pronounced in high dose Mg-treated group. Nitric oxide production was also decreased in high dose minerals-treated group. In addition, tumoricidal activities of splenic NK cell and peritoneal macrophage in mineral exposed rats were significantly increased. Moreover, percent death of macrophage was reduced in two groups receiving high dose mineral supplements. Taken together, the present data suggest that high dose trace min erals exert a differential effect on the function of immune cells.
Department of Pharmacognosy and Material Development, Kangwon National University, Samcheok 245-711, Korea.
Eun-Wha
EW
Son
Sung-Ryul
SR
Lee
Hye-Sook
HS
Choi
Hyun-Jung
HJ
Koo
Jung-Eun
JE
Huh
Mi-Hyun
MH
Kim
Suhkneung
S
Pyo
D002118:Calcium; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004396:Coloring Agents; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D007109:Immunity / Q000187:drug effects*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008345:Manganese / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008934:Mitogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D011419:Propidium / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000187:drug effects; D014343:Trypan Blue
D004396:Coloring Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008934:Mitogens; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D011419:Propidium; D008345:Manganese; D014343:Trypan Blue; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium