The novel adaptor protein Swiprosin-1 enhances BCR signals and contributes to BCR-induced apoptosis.
B-cell receptor (BCR) signals are essential for B-cell differentiation, homeostasis and negative selection, which are regulated by the strength and quality of BCR signals. Recently, we identified a new adaptor protein, Swiprosin-1, in lipid rafts of B-cell lines that undergo apoptosis after BCR stimulation. During murine B-cell development, Swiprosin-1 exhibited highest expression in immature B cells of the bone marrow, but was also expressed in resting and activated splenic B cells and in non-lymphoid tissue, especially in the brain. Ectopic expression of Swiprosin-1 in the immature murine B-cell line WEHI231 enhanced spontaneous and BCR-induced apoptosis. In contrast, short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated downregulation of Swiprosin-1 impaired specifically spontaneous and BCR-elicited apoptosis, but not BCR-induced G1 cell cycle arrest and upregulation of the cell cycle inhibitor p27(Kip1). In accordance, Swiprosin-1 abundance regulated net cell growth of WEHI231 cell populations through reciprocal regulation of Bcl-xL, but not Bim, thereby controlling spontaneous apoptosis. Swiprosin-1-enhanced apoptosis was blocked through nuclear factor kappaB-activating stimuli, namely B-cell-activating factor of the TNF family, anti-CD40 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This correlated with enhanced BCR-induced IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation and degradation in cells expressing a Swiprosin-1-specific shRNA. Finally, ectopic Swiprosin-1 expression enhanced BCR-induced cell death in primary, LPS-stimulated splenic B cells. Hence, Swiprosin-1 may regulate lifespan and BCR signaling thresholds in immature B cells.
Avramidou
A
A
Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Nikolaus Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Kroczek
C
C
Lang
C
C
Schuh
W
W
Jäck
H-M
HM
Mielenz
D
D
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016193:G1 Phase; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D054448:Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; C502299:EFHD2 protein, human; C530752:EFHD2 protein, mouse; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell