Incidence of temporomandibular involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
OBJECTIVE
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement is a frequent feature in cross-sectional prevalence studies among juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients. The cross-sectional design makes it almost impossible to study the incidence. Follow-up data on TMJ involvement are sparse. In this study patients were reviewed with an interval of a minimum of 1 year and a maximum of 2 years to study the yearly incidence of TMJ involvement and to obtain follow-up data on TMJ involvement and orthopantomogram (OPT) alterations.


METHODS
Children with JIA from a previous study on TMJ involvement were included. OPTs were scored according to Rohlin's grading system (grade 0-5). A paediatric rheumatologist measured the level of disease activity during the interval.


RESULTS
Eighty-nine of the 97 patients were included in this study with a mean follow-up of 14 months. The yearly incidence of TMJ involvement was 7.1% in patients with JIA. Improvement on the OPT was seen in 27 patients (66%), and 19 of these patients no longer showed any signs of TMJ involvement. Worsening on the OPT was seen in four patients (10%). Disease activity was significantly lower in the improved patients than in the patients with worsening.


CONCLUSIONS
Condylar lesions due to arthritis can improve over time, indicating a regenerative capacity of the mandibular condyle. As condylar improvement seems to be associated with low disease activity, it is important to consider the TMJ when deciding on a therapeutic regimen.
Twilt
M
M
Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. n.twilt@erasmusmc.nl
Arends
L R
LR
Cate
R Ten
RT
van Suijlekom-Smit
L W A
LW
D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000473:pathology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy