The avian immune genome--a glass half-full or half-empty?
Although in broad terms the avian immune response is remarkably similar to that of mammals, when one looks at specifics birds have a different repertoire of immune organs, cells and molecules compared to those characterized in mammals. Birds lack organized lymph nodes, yet have the Bursa of Fabricius. Birds lack neutrophils and functional eosinophils, yet have a distinct group of polymorphonuclear granulocytes known as heterophils. Birds also have a different repertoire of cytokines, chemokines, Toll-like receptors, defensins and integrins, as detailed in this review.
Institute for Animal Health, Compton, Berkshire, UK. pete.kaiser@bbsrc.ac.uk
P
P
Kaiser
D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016678:Genome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016207:Cytokines; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors