Major complications of ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablations for liver malignancies: single center experience.
OBJECTIVE
Despite radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for malignant liver nodular lesions having promising therapeutic effects, the trade-off between the risks and benefits must be acceptable. This study analyzed the major complications of ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous RFA procedures encountered at a single center, by a single physician.


METHODS
A total of 104 patients (total 183 tumors) underwent 172 US-guided percutaneous RFA sessions between May 2003 and March 2006. The definition of major complications was according to the standardized Society of Interventional Radiology grading system (classification C-E).


RESULTS
Eighty-six patients had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 18 patients had hepatic metastatic tumors. Nine major complications occurred from 172 RFA sessions (9/172, incidence of 5.2% per session); namely, two cases of transient liver function impairment, two cases of infection (liver abscess and septicemia), two cases of tumor seeding along the ablated track, one case of colon perforation, one case of acalculous cholecystitis and, lastly, a case of hemocholecyst. We further analyzed the possible risk factors precipitating these complications, and found that only tumor size (Pearson's correlation coefficient, 0.324; P < 0.05) and baseline liver function reserve (compensated 0%, 0/148 vs decompensated 8.3%, 2/24; P = 0.019) were significant factors for the complication of transient liver function impairment.


CONCLUSIONS
Radiofrequency ablation for liver malignancy is a safe procedure with acceptable incidence of complications. Decompensated baseline liver function reserve and large tumor size are precipitating factors for transient liver function impairment after RFA and warrant a close follow up.
Chen
Tsung-Ming
TM
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Wuchi, Taichung, Taiwan. reilybabybaby@yahoo.com.tw
Huang
Pi-Teh
PT
Lin
Lien-Fu
LF
Tung
Jai-Nien
JN
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional