Signaling mechanisms for activation of extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors.
A variety of mechanisms are used to signal extracytoplasmic conditions to the cytoplasm. These mechanisms activate extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors which recruit RNA-polymerase to specific genes in order to express appropriate proteins in response to the changing environment. The two best understood ECF signaling pathways regulate sigma(E)-mediated expression of periplasmic stress response genes in Escherichia coli and FecI-mediated expression of iron-citrate transport genes in E. coli. Homologues from other Gram-negative bacteria suggest that these two signaling mechanisms and variations on these mechanisms may be the general schemes by which ECF sigma factors are regulated in Gram-negative bacteria.
Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Benjamin E
BE
Brooks
Susan K
SK
Buchanan
D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D008958:Models, Molecular; D012808:Sigma Factor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C490539:FecI protein, E coli; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C433802:RseA protein, E coli; D012808:Sigma Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors; D019343:Citric Acid; D007501:Iron