The effect of Echinacea purpurea, Astragalus membranaceus and Glycyrrhiza glabra on CD25 expression in humans: a pilot study.
This phase 0, double-blind, repeated within subject, randomized pilot study examined CD25 expression on T cells after ingestion of three commonly used herbs: Echinacea purpurea, Astragalus membranaceus and Glycyrrhiza glabra, administered singly and in combination. CD25 expression on T cells was significantly increased for subjects ingesting Echinacea at 24 h with notable increases in activation from Astragalus and Glycyrrhiza. CD25 expression remains elevated with daily use of Echinacea for at least 7 days.
Helfgott Research Institute, National College of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA. hzwickey@ncnm.edu
Heather
H
Zwickey
Julie
J
Brush
Carolyn M
CM
Iacullo
Erin
E
Connelly
William L
WL
Gregory
Amala
A
Soumyanath
Randal
R
Buresh
D027885:Astragalus propinquus; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D020900:Echinacea; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006035:Glycyrrhiza; D006801:Humans; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D028321:Plant Preparations