Different patterns of activation markers expression and CD4+ T-cell responses to ex vivo stimulation in patients with clinically quiescent multiple sclerosis (MS).
Patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) and secondary progressive (SP) forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), although in long-term clinical remission, showed different patterns of increased expressions of the activation markers: CD69, CD40L, and both membrane/surface and cytoplasmic CTLA-4 (mCTLA-4 and cCTLA-4, respectively) in freshly isolated peripheral blood (PB) CD4+ T cells compared with controls. Also observed were dysregulated responses to ex vivo stimulation in both groups of MS patients accompanied by increased IFN-gamma synthesis. Our findings may suggest that the mechanisms leading to each clinical form of the disease may be heterogeneous.
Kosmaczewska
A
A
Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Department of Experimental Therapy, Laboratory of Immunopathology, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland. kosmacz@immuno.iitd.pan.wroc.pl
Bilinska
M
M
Ciszak
L
L
Noga
L
L
Pawlak
E
E
Szteblich
A
A
Podemski
R
R
Frydecka
I
I
D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000378:metabolism; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000378:metabolism; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000378:metabolism; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000639:trends; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015759:Ionomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D015759:Ionomycin; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D000099192:CD69 Antigens; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human