Electrokinetic treatment of firing ranges containing tungsten-contaminated soils.
Tungsten-based alloys and composites are being used and new formulations are being considered for use in the manufacturing of different types of ammunition. The use of tungsten heavy alloys (WHA) in new munitions systems and tungsten composites in small caliber ammunition could potentially release substantial amounts of this element into the environment. Although tungsten is widely used in industrial and military applications, tungsten's potential environmental and health impacts have not been thoroughly addressed. This necessitates the research and development of remedial technologies to contain and/or remove tungsten from soils that may serve as a source for water contamination. The current work investigates the feasibility of using electrokinetics for the remediation of tungsten-contaminated soils in the presence of other heavy metals of concern such as Cu and Pb with aim to removing W from the soil while stabilizing in situ, Pb and Cu.
Center for Environmental Systems, Stevens Institute of Technology, Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA. wbraida@stevens.edu
Washington
W
Braida
Christos
C
Christodoulatos
Adebayo
A
Ogundipe
Dimitris
D
Dermatas
Gregory
G
O'Connor
D000327:Adsorption; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D004573:Electrolytes; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D006256:Hazardous Waste; D007700:Kinetics; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014414:Tungsten / Q000032:analysis*; D054041:Weapons
D004573:Electrolytes; D006256:Hazardous Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C009495:titanium dioxide; D007854:Lead; D003300:Copper; D014025:Titanium; D014414:Tungsten