The microbiologic spectrum of dacryocystitis: a national study of acute versus chronic infection.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the microbiologic spectrum of dacryocystitis, specifically characterizing differences between acute and chronic infection.


METHODS
National multicenter prospective study of the microbiologic spectrum of acute and chronic dacryocystitis based on culture results reported between March 2005 and March 2006. Chi-square analysis was used to compare differences between groups.


RESULTS
Eighty-nine patients from 16 centers were included: 21 (23.6%) patients had acute infection and 68 (76.4%) had chronic infection. Of all 89 patients, there were 80 total culture isolates with 55 (68.8%) Gram-positive isolates, 23 (28.7%) Gram-negative isolates, and 2 (2.5%) Mycobacterium isolates. In the acute group, 18/23 (78.3%) were Gram-positive and 5/23 (21.7%) were Gram-negative. In the chronic group, 37/57 (64.9%) were Gram-positive, 18/57 (31.6%) were Gram-negative, and 2/57 (3.5%) were Mycobacterium isolates. The proportions of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms between groups revealed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.20). The frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the acute group, 4/23 (17.4%), was greater than the chronic group, 1/57 (1.8%) (p < or = 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
Gram-positive organisms were much more common than Gram-negative organisms overall, and the proportions did not differ significantly between the groups. Staphylococcus was the most common isolate in both groups, but there was a greater frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates in the acute group. The results of this study have important implications for the treatment of dacryocystitis.
Mills
David M
DM
Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Lions Eye Institute, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York 12159, USA.
Bodman
Marc G
MG
Meyer
Dale R
DR
Morton
Asa D
AD
D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003607:Dacryocystitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination