Fifty hertz extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field causes changes in redox and differentiative status in neuroblastoma cells.
The current study was designed to establish whether extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields might affect neuronal homeostasis through redox-sensitive mechanisms. To this end, intracellular reactive oxygen species production, antioxidant and glutathione-based detoxifying capability and genomic integrity after extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields exposure were investigated. Moreover, we also studied potential extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields-dependent changes in the proliferative and differentiative cellular status. Results seem to support redox-mediated extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields effects on biological models as, although no major oxidative damage was detected, after exposure we observed a positive modulation of antioxidant enzymatic expression, as well as a significant increase in reduced glutathione level, indicating a shift of cellular environment towards a more reduced state. In addition, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields treatment induced a more differentiated phenotype as well as an increased expression in peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor isotype beta, a class of transcription factors related to neuronal differentiation and cellular stress response. As second point, to deepen how extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields treatment could affect neuroblastoma cell antioxidant capacity, we examined the extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields-dependent modifications of cell susceptibility to pro-oxidants. Results clearly showed that 50 Hz extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields exposure reduces cell tolerance towards oxidative attacks.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Excellent Center on Aging Studies, Faculty of Medicine G. d'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini, 66013 Chieti, Italy.
Stefano
S
Falone
Maria R
MR
Grossi
Benedetta
B
Cinque
Barbara
B
D'Angelo
Enzo
E
Tettamanti
Annamaria
A
Cimini
Carmine
C
Di Ilio
Fernanda
F
Amicarelli
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D019922:GAP-43 Protein; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000473:pathology*; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D048068:PPAR-beta / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D019922:GAP-43 Protein; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; D016877:Oxidants; D048068:PPAR-beta; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C051774:neurofilament protein H; D005978:Glutathione