Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and behavioral inhibition: a meta-analytic review of the stop-signal paradigm.
Deficient behavioral inhibition (BI) processes are considered a core feature of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This meta-analytic review is the first to examine the potential influence of a wide range of subject and task variable moderator effects on BI processes--assessed by the stop-signal paradigm--in children with ADHD relative to typically developing children. Results revealed significantly slower mean reaction time (MRT), greater reaction time variability (SDRT), and slower stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) in children with ADHD relative to controls. The non-significant between-group stop-signal delay (SSD) metric, however, suggests that stop-signal reaction time differences reflect a more generalized deficit in attention/cognitive processing rather than behavioral inhibition. Several subject and task variables served as significant moderators for children's mean reaction time.
Alderson
R Matt
RM
Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, P. O. Box 161390, Orlando, FL 32816-1390, USA.
Rapport
Mark D
MD
Kofler
Michael J
MJ
D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D011930:Reaction Time