Sodium valproate stimulates potassium and chloride urinary excretion in rats: gender differences.
BACKGROUND
The diuretic effect of valproates and its relation to urinary potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl-) excretion have not yet been investigated, so the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a single dose of sodium valproate (NaVPA) on 24-h urinary K+ and Cl- excretion in young adult Wistar rats of both genders. For measurement of K+ in urine, the same animals and samples as in our earlier publication were used (Pharmacology 2005 Nov, 75:111-115). The authors propose a new approach to the pathophysiological mechanisms of NaVPA effect on K+ and Cl- metabolism. Twenty six Wistar rats were examined after a single intragastric administration of 300 mg/kg NaVPA (13 NaVPA-male and 13 NaVPA-female), 28 control intact Wistar rats (14 males and 14 females) were studied as a control group. The 24-h urinary K+, Cl-, creatinine and pH levels were measured.


RESULTS
Total 24-h diuresis and 24-h diuresis per 100 g of body weight were found to be significantly higher in NaVPA-rats of both genders than in rats of the control group (p < 0.05). The data showed NaVPA to enhance 24-h K+ excretion in NaVPA-males and NaVPA-females with significant gender-related differences: 24-h K+ excretion in NaVPA-male rats was significantly higher than in control males (p = 0.003) and NaVPA-female rats (p < 0.001). Regarding the 24-h K+ excretion, NaVPA-female rats did not show a statistically significant difference versus females of the control group (p > 0.05). 24-h urinary K+ excretion per 100 g of body weight in NaVPA-male rats was significantly higher than in control males (p = 0.025). NaVPA enhanced Cl- urinary excretion: 24-h Cl- urinary excretion, 24-h urinary Cl- excretion per 100 g of body weight and the Cl-/creatinine ratio were significantly higher in NaVPA-male and NaVPA-female rats than in gender-matched controls (p < 0.05). 24-h chloriduretic response to NaVPA in male rats was significantly higher than in female rats (p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
NaVPA causes kaliuretic and chloriduretic effects with gender-related differences in rats. Further investigations are necessary to elucidate the mechanism of such pharmacological effects of NaVPA.
Vilnius University Children's Hospital, Vilnius, Lithuania. jeitau@gmail.com <jeitau@gmail.com>
Eitaute
E
Jakutiene
Jurgita
J
Grikiniene
Arunas
A
Vaitkevicius
Marina
M
Tschaika
Janina
J
Didziapetriene
Donatas
D
Stakisaitis
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002712:Chlorides / Q000652:urine*; D004231:Diuresis / Q000187:drug effects; D004232:Diuretics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
D002712:Chlorides; D004232:Diuretics; D014635:Valproic Acid; D011188:Potassium