Single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy in (bio)catalysis.
The ever-improving time and space resolution and molecular detection sensitivity of fluorescence microscopy offer unique opportunities to deepen our insights into the function of chemical and biological catalysts. Because single-molecule microscopy allows for counting the turnover events one by one, one can map the distribution of the catalytic activities of different sites in solid heterogeneous catalysts, or one can study time-dependent activity fluctuations of individual sites in enzymes or chemical catalysts. By experimentally monitoring individuals rather than populations, the origin of complex behavior, e.g., in kinetics or in deactivation processes, can be successfully elucidated. Recent progress of temporal and spatial resolution in single-molecule fluorescence microscopy is discussed in light of its impact on catalytic assays. Key concepts are illustrated regarding the use of fluorescent reporters in catalytic reactions. Future challenges comprising the integration of other techniques, such as diffraction, scanning probe, or vibrational methods in single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy are suggested.
Roeffaers
Maarten B J
MB
Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
De Cremer
Gert
G
Uji-i
Hiroshi
H
Muls
Benîot
B
Sels
Bert F
BF
Jacobs
Pierre A
PA
De Schryver
Frans C
FC
De Vos
Dirk E
DE
Hofkens
Johan
J
D001709:Biotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D002384:Catalysis; D049329:Nanostructures; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors