Practitioner review: clinical applications of pediatric hypnosis.
BACKGROUND
Over the past quarter century, hypnosis has been employed in a broad range of pediatric clinical settings; however, its efficacy and feasibility as a treatment approach for children and adolescents remain in question.


METHODS
Published studies on the role of clinical hypnosis in the management of specific pediatric medical and psychological conditions were identified and reviewed.


RESULTS
Pediatric clinical hypnosis has been employed in diverse medical settings to treat primary conditions (e.g., enuresis), as well as to address factors related to management of the condition (e.g., skills training for asthma) or its treatment (e.g., burn dressing changes). Despite great breadth to the possible applications of pediatric hypnosis and many reported successes, much of the present research comprises case histories and small, uncontrolled group studies.


CONCLUSIONS
To date, research in pediatrics views clinical hypnosis as a promising tool with the potential to help manage a variety of conditions. However, additional research, particularly utilizing randomized, controlled methodologies and adequate sample sizes, is required.
Gold
Jeffrey I
JI
Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027-6062, USA. jgold@chla.usc.edu
Kant
Alexis J
AJ
Belmont
Katharine A
KA
Butler
Lisa D
LD
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D006990:Hypnosis / Q000379:methods; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000628:therapy