Cholera toxin B conjugated quantum dots for live cell labeling.
Cholera toxin subunit B (CTB)--quantum dot conjugates were developed for labeling mammalian cells. The conjugates were internalized by all tested cell lines into small vesicles dispersed throughout the cytoplasm, while commercially available polyarginine conjugates rapidly accumulated in large perinuclear endosomes. Although a large proportion of CTB conjugates eventually also accumulated in perinuclear endosomes, this accumulation required several days, and even then many CTB conjugated quantum dots remained in small vesicles dispersed throughout the cytoplasm. Thus CTB conjugates are a practical alternative to polyarginine conjugates for the general labeling of mammalian cells.
Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
Subhasish K
SK
Chakraborty
James A J
JA
Fitzpatrick
Julie A
JA
Phillippi
Susan
S
Andreko
Alan S
AS
Waggoner
Marcel P
MP
Bruchez
Byron
B
Ballou
D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000737:chemistry*; D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D010316:Particle Size; D045663:Quantum Dots; D013194:Staining and Labeling
D002772:Cholera Toxin