Correlation between estrogens and serum adipocytokines in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between serum adipocytokines (adiponectin, resistin, leptin, and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha]) and endogenous estrogen (estrone and estradiol) levels in healthy premenopausal and postmenopausal women.


METHODS
This study included 53 healthy premenopausal women, 45 healthy postmenopausal women, and 10 postmenopausal women with the metabolic syndrome who were participating in general health examinations. A secondary analysis was performed on levels of adiponectin, resistin, leptin, TNF-alpha, estrone (E1), and estradiol (E2).


RESULTS
After accounting for body mass index, TNF-alpha was significantly increased (1.5+/-0.1 vs 2.0+/-0.1 pg/mL, P<0.05) in healthy postmenopausal women as compared with healthy premenopausal women, whereas leptin was decreased (5.6+/-1.1 vs 4.0+/-1.1 ng/mL). Estrogen (E1 and E2) was positively correlated with leptin in only healthy premenopausal women, whereas estrogen did not correlate with any adipocytokine in healthy postmenopausal women. In the multiple regression analysis, only leptin significantly contributed to insulin resistance. Combining healthy premenopausal and postmenopausal women, E1 correlated negatively with TNF-alpha (r=-0.23, P<0.05) and positively with leptin (r=0.35, P<0.01) and did not correlate with resistin. E2 correlated negatively with TNF-alpha (r=-0.24, P<0.05) and positively with leptin (r=0.34, P<0.01); it did not correlate with adiponectin or resistin. Leptin might stimulate the increase of plasma gonadotropin-releasing hormone levels, which could result in a positive correlation with estrogen in premenopausal women but not in postmenopausal women.


CONCLUSIONS
Estrogen deficiency resulted in increased TNF-alpha levels. Serum leptin levels correlated positively with estrogen levels in premenopausal women. However, the increase in obesity in postmenopausal women increased leptin, which increases insulin resistance.
Hong
Soon Cheol
SC
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
Yoo
Sang Wook
SW
Cho
Geum Joon
GJ
Kim
Tak
T
Hur
Jun Young
JY
Park
Yong Kyun
YK
Lee
Kyu Wan
KW
Kim
Sun Haeng
SH
D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D004970:Estrone / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000378:metabolism*; D017697:Premenopause / Q000378:metabolism*; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D016387:Women's Health
D054392:Adipokines; D020738:Leptin; D052243:Resistin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004970:Estrone; D004958:Estradiol