Toxicity assessment of a complex industrial wastewater using aquatic and terrestrial bioassays Daphnia pulex and Lactuca sativa.
Aquatic and terrestrial bioassays were used to assess toxicity at several stages in an industrial wastewater treatment plant that processes 400 L/s from a complex influent formed by wastewater from 135 industries. Daphnia pulex and Lactuca sativa were used to assess and compare toxicity between the influent wastewater and effluent wastewater from an activated sludge process, and compare their relationship with physicochemical parameters of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD); Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD); Total Suspended Solids (TSS); total Nitrogen (N (N-total)), and ammonia Nitrogen (N (N - NH3)). Samples from the primary clarifiers (PC), mix liquor stage (ML) and secondary clarifiers (SC) were processed using physicochemical and bioassay test. Toxicity results with Daphnia pulex showed decreased mean values of acute Toxic Units (a.T.U.) between PC (2.1 a.T.U.) and SC (1,25 a.T.U.). Lactuca sativa showed high values of toxicity between PC and SC (3.37 and 3.32 a.T.U. respectively). Some samples exhibited higher toxicity values at the effluent stage (SC) than the influent stage (PC). The highest correlations of physicochemical properties with toxicity were obtained with COD and nitrogen compounds in effluent samples (SC), but not with influent samples (PC).
Sánchez-Meza
Juan Carlos
JC
Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico. juancsm@avantel.net
Pacheco-Salazar
Víctor Francisco
VF
Pavón-Silva
Thelma Beatriz
TB
Guiérrez-García
Víctor Guadalupe
VG
Avila-González
Clemente De Jesús
Cde J
Guerrero-García
Patricia
P
D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018545:Lactuca / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D008800:Mexico; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D045483:Rivers; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
D007220:Industrial Waste; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000641:Ammonia; D009584:Nitrogen