Inhibitory costimulation and anti-tumor immunity.
Costimulation was originally shown to be important in T-cell activation and effector differentiation. Recent characterization of B7/butyrophilin and members of the CD28 superfamily has revealed a large number of negative costimulatory molecules that dampen T-cell activation and regulate immune tolerance. Some of these molecules have been shown to be upregulated in the tumor microenvironment and may serve as potential targets for augmenting anti-tumor immunity. In this article, we summarize recent developments in the field of inhibitory costimulation and discuss the future direction of therapeutic manipulation of inhibitory costimulation in tumor immunotherapy.
Martin-Orozco
Natalia
N
Department of Immunology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX, USA. nmorozco@mdanderson.org
Dong
Chen
C
D000818:Animals; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D000071797:Butyrophilins; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology
D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D000071797:Butyrophilins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins