Endothelial cell dysfunction after coronary artery bypass grafting with extracorporeal circulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a well-known risk factor in patients with severe coronary artery disease undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The aim of the study was to analyze the endothelial dysfunction in these patients by evaluating postoperative soluble inflammatory cytokines.


METHODS
Patients undergoing CABG without (n=15, group A) and with (n=14, group B) diabetes mellitus were analyzed for their release of E-selectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) up to 3 days postoperatively. A pharmacokinetic quantitative kinetic evaluation (Kinetica 2000) of maximum concentrations (c(max)), time to reach c(max) (t(max)), area under the curve (AUC(0-inf)), and terminal elimination half time (t(1/2)) was performed using a non-compartmental model.


RESULTS
There was no difference in preoperative plasma concentrations of the cytokines and in the postoperative kinetic analyses of TNF when comparing both groups. However, the release of IL-6 was restricted with c(max) of 1055+/-543 pg/ml for group B versus 2112+/-1532 pg/ml for group A (p< or =0.05), paralleled by a decrease in the absolute amount (AUC(0-inf)) of IL-6. The t(1/2) remained unaffected (13.9+/-6.6h and 12.7+/-4.6h, respectively). The AUC(0-inf) of E-selectin decreased by a factor of 1.7 (p< or =0.05) with unchanged c(max) but reduced t(1/2) (12.9+/-10h for group B vs 33.1+/-20.4h for group A; p< or =0.01) referring to an augmented endothelial uptake and degradation of E-selectin.


CONCLUSIONS
CABG with extracorporeal circulation could be used to verify a specific endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients characterized by an impaired release of IL-6 and an increased turnover of E-selectin.
Lehle
Karla
K
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. Karla.Lehle@klinik.uni-regensburg.de
Preuner
Jürgen G
JG
Vogt
Anja
A
Rupprecht
Leopold
L
Keyser
Andreas
A
Kobuch
Reinhard
R
Schmid
Christof
C
Birnbaum
Dietrich E
DE
D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000378:metabolism*; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D005112:Extracorporeal Circulation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D016207:Cytokines; D019040:E-Selectin