The combination of the histone-deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A and gemcitabine induces inhibition of proliferation and increased apoptosis in pancreatic carcinoma cells.
The prognosis of advanced pancreatic cancer is poor. Established chemotherapy shows only limited efficacy and significant side effects. We investigated how far a combination of trichostatin A (TSA) and gemcitabine synergizes to inhibit proliferation and promotion of apoptosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells in vitro. The human pancreatic carcinoma cells YAPC, DANG and Panc-89 and primary human foreskin fibroblasts as non-malignant controls were cultured under standardized conditions and incubated with gemcitabine und TSA alone (10(-4) to 10(-8) M) or together (10(-6) to 10(-7) M). After 24-72 h the apoptotic rate was analyzed by flow cytometry (propidium iodide, FACS). DNA-synthesis was assessed using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. Protein was separated for Western blotting against caspase-3 and -8, p21, bax and bcl-2. The combination of TSA und gemcitabine leads to better pro-apoptotic effects than the employment of single substances. Bcl-2, a mitochondrial protein, which protects against apoptosis, was not expressed. Bax, an apoptosis inducing protein, which destabilizes the mitochondrial membrane potential, was increasingly expressed. Combination of TSA and gemcitabine shows promise for treatment of pancreatic cancer in vivo.
Gahr
Susanne
S
Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
Ocker
Matthias
M
Ganslmayer
Marion
M
Zopf
Steffen
S
Okamoto
Kinya
K
Hartl
Andrea
A
Leitner
Sandra
S
Hahn
Eckhart G
EG
Herold
Christoph
C
D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002469:Cell Separation; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000093542:Gemcitabine
D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D003841:Deoxycytidine; C012589:trichostatin A; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D000093542:Gemcitabine