Isolation of two anti-inflammatory and one pro-inflammatory polyunsaturated fatty acids from the brown seaweed Undaria pinnatifida.
Two anti-inflammatory omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of stearidonic acid (SA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and one pro-inflammatory omega-6 PUFA of arachidonic acid (AA) were isolated from the edible brown seaweed Undaria pinnatifida. SA was active against mouse ear inflammation induced by phorbol myristate acetate, with IC50 values of 160, 314, and 235 microg per ear for edema, erythema, and blood flow, respectively. EPA was also active against edema, erythema, and blood flow, with IC50 values of 230, 462, and 236 microg per ear, respectively. Although AA at low concentrations showed anti-inflammatory activities when measured 10 h later, AA doses of more than 243 microg per ear induced inflammatory symptoms 1 h later. Mature thalli generally had larger amounts of PUFAs than young thalli. The algal blade contained more omega-3 PUFAs than were found in other parts, while the holdfast contained extremely high amounts of AA. Late-season thalli showed increased amounts of PUFAs, especially AA.
Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Namku, Busan 608-737, South Korea.
Mohammed Nurul Absar
MN
Khan
Ji-Young
JY
Cho
Min-Chul
MC
Lee
Ji-Young
JY
Kang
Nam Gyu
NG
Park
Hitoshi
H
Fujii
Yong-Ki
YK
Hong
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D044648:Undaria / Q000737:chemistry*
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; C062895:stearidonic acid