Premature cardiovascular disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.
We assessed incidence and risk factors of cardiovascular events in 265 patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) between 1980 and 2000 and who survived at least 2 years. Results were compared with a cohort of 145 patients treated during the same period with autologous HSCT. The median age of patients with allogeneic HSCT at last follow-up was 39 years, and median follow-up was 9 years. Eighteen (6.8%) patients after allogeneic and 3 (2.1%) patients after autologous HSCT experienced an arterial event. The cumulative incidence of first arterial event after allogeneic HSCT was 22.1% (95% CI, 12.0-40.9) at 25 years. The cumulative incidence 15 years after allogeneic HSCT was 7.5% as compared with 2.3% after autologous HSCT. Adjusting for age, risk of an arterial event was significantly higher after allogeneic HSCT (RR 6.92; P =.009). In multivariate analysis, allogeneic HSCT (RR: 14.5; P =.003), and at least 2 of 4 cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity) (RR: 12.4; P =.02) were associated with a higher incidence of arterial events after HSCT. Thus, long-term survivors after allogeneic HSCT are at high risk for premature arterial vascular disease. HSCT might favor the emergence of established risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.
Tichelli
André
A
Division of Hematology, University Hospital, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland. tichelli@datacomm.ch
Bucher
Christoph
C
Rovó
Alicia
A
Stussi
Georg
G
Stern
Martin
M
Paulussen
Michael
M
Halter
Jörg
J
Meyer-Monard
Sandrine
S
Heim
Dominik
D
Tsakiris
Dimitrios A
DA
Biedermann
Barbara
B
Passweg
Jakob R
JR
Gratwohl
Alois
A
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous