Human papillomavirus infection and disease in the HIV+ individual.
HPV infection of both the genital tract and oral cavity of HIV+ men and women is increased. HPV-related pathology is also increased in the HIV+ individuals, usually with further increases seen for those HIV+ individuals with lower CD4 cell counts. Fortunately, the rates of cervical cancer and anal cancer are relatively low and not related to CD4 cell count. Treatment of the HIV+ individual with HPV-related disease is challenging and requires close long-term follow-up to prevent recurrent disease. The mechanism of how HPV and HIV interact is still not known but is more likely to be linked to immune suppression rather than a direct interaction between viruses. The newly developed HPV vaccines will likely have a significant impact on HPV-related disease in immunocompetent individuals. It remains to be seen what impact these vaccine will have on the immune depressed.
Cameron
Jennifer E
JE
Tulane Health Sciences Center, Tulane Medical School, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Hagensee
Michael E
ME
D006678:HIV / Q000276:immunology*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D009055:Mouth / Q000821:virology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000821:virology; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology