Reduction in estimated risk for coronary artery disease after use of ezetimibe with a statin.
BACKGROUND
The aim of lipid-lowering treatment is to reduce the risk for cardiovascular events. Patients not at target lipid levels while on hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statin) monotherapy are at increased cardiovascular risk.


OBJECTIVE
To describe the impact of coadministration of ezetimibe with a statin on the estimated 10 year risk for coronary artery disease (E-R(CAD)) in patients with hypercholesterolemia and above-target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels after statin monotherapy.


METHODS
Post hoc analysis was conducted of a prospective, open-label, single-cohort, multicenter Canadian study of 953 patients who were treated for 6 weeks with ezetimibe 10 mg/day coadministered with their current statin at an unaltered dose. For each patient, E-R(CAD) at baseline and at 6 weeks was calculated using the Framingham model. The primary outcome measure of the analysis was the change in E-R(CAD).


RESULTS
A total of 825 patients with data at baseline and 6 weeks were included in the analysis. There were 423 (51.3%) patients with hypertension, 107 (13.0%) with diabetes mellitus but not metabolic syndrome, 160 (19.4%) with metabolic syndrome but not diabetes mellitus, and 235 (28.5%) with both diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. After 6 weeks of ezetimibe coadministration with statin therapy, mean E-R(CAD) was reduced by 4.1% from 15.6% to 11.5%, which is equivalent to a 25.3% risk reduction (p < 0.001). Of the 225 (27.3%) patients with high E-R(CAD) (> or = 20.1%) at baseline, 144 (64.0%) converted to a lower E-R(CAD) category (p < 0.001). Patients with both diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome experienced the highest mean percent reduction in E-R(CAD) of -29.4% (p < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
For patients with above-target LDL-C levels while on statin monotherapy, coadministration of ezetimibe with the statin is effective in significantly reducing the E-R(CAD).
Sampalis
John S
JS
Department of Surgery and Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada. jsampalis@jssresearch.com
Bissonnette
Stéphane
S
Habib
Rafik
R
Boukas
Stella
S
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001384:Azetidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D000069438:Ezetimibe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk
D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D001384:Azetidines; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D002784:Cholesterol; D000069438:Ezetimibe