Glucosinolates in Diplotaxis and Eruca leaves: diversity, taxonomic relations and applied aspects.
Leaf glucosinolates of 42 Diplotaxis and 21 Eruca accessions were studied. Total content ranged from 0.25 to more than 70 g kg(-1) dry wt. The 13 clusters, defined on the basis of glucosinolate composition, belonged to two glucosinolate-rich groups, characterised by the prevalence of a single component, and one low-glucosinolate group, with a profile not dominated by any individual component. A sinigrin-rich cluster (D. ibicensis, D. berthautii, D. ilorcitana, D. siettiana, D. tenuisiliqua, D. brevisiliqua, and D. virgata) and a gluconapin-rich cluster (D. catholica, D.siifolia, D. virgata, and D. ollivieri) included all the species previously classified in the nigra phylogenetic lineage. D. virgata was confirmed to be a critical taxon, with one accession slightly diverging from the others. D. siifolia subsp. vicentina was separated from the others in a glucobrassicin-rich cluster. D. harra, a rather isolated representative of sub-genus Hesperidium, clustered together D. assurgens in a sinalbin-rich cluster. Another well defined cluster was represented by D. brachycarpa (gluconasturtin). The two sub-species of D. erucoides were well differentiated by their glucosinolate profile. The low glucosinolate species: D. tenuifolia, D. viminea, D. cretacea, D. muralis (subgenus Diplotaxis), and E. vesicaria, all previously included in the rapa/oleracea lineage, belonged to seven less defined clusters, mainly differing on the presence/absence or the relative abundance of some components (glucoraphanin, glucolepidin, 4-hydroxy-glucobrassicin, 4-phenylbutyl gls, glucoerucin and neoglucobrassicin). The data support previous taxonomic works. Glucosinolate-rich taxa, with well characterised profiles may be suitable for industrial uses, whereas the variability of edible D. tenuifolia and E. vesicaria may represent a basis for breeding horticultural types.
D'Antuono
L Filippo
LF
Department of Agroenvironmental Science and Technology, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy. dantuono@agrsci.unibo.it
Elementi
Simona
S
Neri
Roberta
R
D044822:Biodiversity; D018533:Biomass; D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D030561:Databases, Nucleic Acid; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry
D005961:Glucosinolates; D010575:Pesticides; D012987:Soil