Automatic reconstruction of a bacterial regulatory network using Natural Language Processing.
BACKGROUND
Manual curation of biological databases, an expensive and labor-intensive process, is essential for high quality integrated data. In this paper we report the implementation of a state-of-the-art Natural Language Processing system that creates computer-readable networks of regulatory interactions directly from different collections of abstracts and full-text papers. Our major aim is to understand how automatic annotation using Text-Mining techniques can complement manual curation of biological databases. We implemented a rule-based system to generate networks from different sets of documents dealing with regulation in Escherichia coli K-12.


RESULTS
Performance evaluation is based on the most comprehensive transcriptional regulation database for any organism, the manually-curated RegulonDB, 45% of which we were able to recreate automatically. From our automated analysis we were also able to find some new interactions from papers not already curated, or that were missed in the manual filtering and review of the literature. We also put forward a novel Regulatory Interaction Markup Language better suited than SBML for simultaneously representing data of interest for biologists and text miners.


CONCLUSIONS
Manual curation of the output of automatic processing of text is a good way to complement a more detailed review of the literature, either for validating the results of what has been already annotated, or for discovering facts and information that might have been overlooked at the triage or curation stages.
Programa de Genómica Computacional, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo, Postal 565-A, Avenida Universidad, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62100, Mexico. crodrigp@ccg.unam.mx.
Carlos
C
Rodríguez-Penagos
Heladia
H
Salgado
Irma
I
Martínez-Flores
Julio
J
Collado-Vides
D000043:Abstracting and Indexing / Q000379:methods; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D003198:Computer Simulation; D048168:Escherichia coli K12 / Q000378:metabolism*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods; D008954:Models, Biological; D009323:Natural Language Processing; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods; D010506:Periodicals as Topic; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins