[Genotypes of Staphylococcus aureus strains with methicillin resistant phenotype].
BACKGROUND
Methicillin resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are an important cause of nosocomial infections.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the genotypes of MRSA strains.


METHODS
Fifty five strains of MRSA, isolated from patients hospitalized in Hospital Base Valdivia, were studied. The phenotype was determined through MicroScan in all strains and by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in 41. The genotype of the strains was analyzed by a duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the mecA gene, amplifying eight hypervariable DNA regions associated to such gene.


RESULTS
According to MIC, 88% of strains had a pattern of resistance against multiple antimicrobial (penicillin, ampicillin, cephradine, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, lincomycin and erythromycin). Vancomicin resistan strains were not detected. Only 53 strains (96%) had at least one of the eight hypervariable regions and were classified as MRSA. Genotypic patterns types 15 were the most commonly detected in 38% and 34% of strains, respectively. MicroScan erroneously classified five strains in an incorrect phenotype, according to results obtained with duplex PCR. MIC results did not differ from those of duplex PCR.


CONCLUSIONS
Duplex- PCR is a useful tool to detect hyper variable regions associated to mecA gene.
Instituto de Microbiología Clínica, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile. myrawilson@uach.cl
Myra S
MS
Wilson
Carola L
CL
Otth
Gustavo S
GS
Medina
Laura R
LR
Otth
Heriberto J
HJ
Fernández
María
M
Arce
Angela C
AC
Zaror
Víctor
V
Lizama
Mónica D
MD
Gil
Ana María
AM
von Chrismar
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016106:Methicillin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents