The prevalence of inflammation in carotid atherosclerosis: analysis with fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography.
OBJECTIVE
There is increasing evidence that (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) imaging can be useful for non-invasive measurement of atherosclerotic plaque inflammation in humans. However, it is unknown how often atherosclerosis has inflammation in humans. Thus, we examined the prevalence of inflammation in documented carotid atherosclerosis using FDG-PET imaging.


RESULTS
FDG-PET imaging was performed in 100 consecutive patients who underwent carotid artery ultrasonography (CA-US) for screening of carotid atherosclerosis. Carotid atherosclerosis was considered when patients had the plaque score >or=5 and/or the focal thickening of the maximum intima-media complex >or=2 mm (localized plaque) by CA-US. The inflammation of carotid atherosclerosis was quantified by measuring the standardized uptake value (SUV) of FDG of the carotid artery. Inflammation was defined as present if the SUV score was >or=1.60 (>or=1 x standard deviation above the average). FDG-PET imaging revealed inflammation in 12 of 41 (29%) patients having carotid atherosclerosis, whereas in 6 of 59 (10%) patients not having carotid atherosclerosis (P < 0.01). In patients with documented atherosclerosis by CA-US, body mass index, waist circumference, and the number of localized plaques were greater in a subset with inflammation than in a subset without.


CONCLUSIONS
Inflammation was visualized by FDG-PET imaging in approximately 30% of patients with documented carotid atherosclerosis.
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.
Nobuhiro
N
Tahara
Hisashi
H
Kai
Hiroyuki
H
Nakaura
Minori
M
Mizoguchi
Masatoshi
M
Ishibashi
Hayato
H
Kaida
Kenkichi
K
Baba
Naofumi
N
Hayabuchi
Tsutomu
T
Imaizumi
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001167:Arteritis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals
D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18