Heterologous boost vaccines for bacillus Calmette-Guérin prime immunization against tuberculosis.
The current tuberculosis (TB) epidemic continues to call for the development of effective vaccination strategies. The initial TB vaccine research effort mostly focused on the search for a vaccine that might be better than, and thus could replace, the current bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. It has increasingly been realized that BCG or an improved BCG will continue to be used as a prime TB vaccine and there is a need to develop effective boost vaccines that could enhance and prolong the protective immunity of BCG prime immunization. Mounting experimental evidence suggests that recombinant vaccines, including both recombinant protein and genetic vector vaccines, are effective in boosting immune activation and protection by BCG vaccination. This review will discuss recent advances and the authors' views in the development of there boost vaccines.
McMaster University, Infectious Diseases Division, Centre for Gene Therapeutics and Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5, Canada. xingz@mcmaster.ca
Zhou
Z
Xing
Thomas James
TJ
Charters
Thomas James
TJ
Carters
D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D032581:Tuberculosis Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology
D001500:BCG Vaccine; D032581:Tuberculosis Vaccines; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic