Atmospheric pollutants monitoring by analysis of epiphytic lichens.
The Canoparmelia texana epiphytic lichenized fungi was used to monitor atmospheric pollution in the São Paulo metropolitan region, SP, Brazil. The cluster analysis applied to the element concentration values confirmed the site groups of different levels of pollution due to industrial and vehicular emissions. In the distribution maps of element concentrations, higher concentrations of Ba and Mn were observed in the vicinity of industries and of a petrochemical complex. The highest concentration of Co found in lichens from the São Miguel Paulista site is due to the emissions from a metallurgical processing plant that produces this element. For Br and Zn, the highest concentrations could be associated both to vehicular and industrial emissions. Exploratory analyses revealed that the accumulation of toxic elements in C. texana may be of use in evaluating the human risk of cardiopulmonary mortality due to prolonged exposure to ambient levels of air pollution.
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN-CNEN/SP, Av Professor Lineu Prestes, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Alessandra
A
Fuga
Mitiko
M
Saiki
Marcelo P
MP
Marcelli
Paulo H N
PH
Saldiva
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001464:Barium / Q000032:analysis; D001938:Brazil; D001966:Bromine / Q000032:analysis; D002947:Cities; D003035:Cobalt / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008011:Lichens / Q000737:chemistry*; D008345:Manganese / Q000032:analysis; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D009501:Neutron Activation Analysis; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis
D000393:Air Pollutants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D001464:Barium; D003035:Cobalt; D008345:Manganese; D015032:Zinc; D001966:Bromine