Behavioural interventions for children and adults with behaviour disorders after TBI: a systematic review of the evidence.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review the evidence for the effectiveness of behavioural interventions for children and adults with behaviour disorders after TBI.


METHODS
Using a variety of search procedures, 65 studies were identified. This literature was reviewed using a set of questions about participants, interventions, outcomes and research methods.


METHODS
The 65 studies included 172 experimental participants, including children and adults.


METHODS
A number of specific intervention procedures were used, falling into three general categories: traditional contingency management, positive behaviour interventions and supports and combined.


RESULTS
All of the studies reported improvements in behavioural functioning.


CONCLUSIONS
Behavioural intervention, not otherwise specified, can be considered a treatment guideline for children and adults with behaviour disorders after TBI. Both traditional contingency management procedures and positive behaviour support procedures can be said to be evidence-based treatment options. However, a variety of methodological concerns block stronger conclusions.
College of Saint Rose, New York, USA. ylvisakm@mail.strose.edu
Mark
M
Ylvisaker
Lyn
L
Turkstra
Carl
C
Coehlo
Kathy
K
Yorkston
Mary
M
Kennedy
McKay Moore
MM
Sohlberg
Jack
J
Avery
D000328:Adult; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome