Nuclear factor kB as a target for new drug development in myeloid malignancies.
The transcription nuclear factor k B (NF-kB) can intervene in oncogenesis through to its capacity to regulate the expression of a large number of genes that regulate apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation as well as inflammation, angiogenesis and tumor migration. Impaired NF-kB activity has been demonstrated not only in solid cancers but also in various types of hematologic malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia and in a subset of myelodysplastic syndromes. The underlying mechanisms, illustrated in the text and although quite diverse in different diseases, provide the rationale for new therapeutic strategies combining different NF-kB or proteasome inhibitors. It has, therefore, been proposed that inhibition of NF-kB could be an adjuvant therapy for cancer and many phase I/II clinical studies are ongoing with different inhibitors. This review highlights the in vitro and in vivo results of NF-kB inhibition in myeloid malignancies.
Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. daniela.cilloni@unito.it
Daniela
D
Cilloni
Giovanni
G
Martinelli
Francesca
F
Messa
Michele
M
Baccarani
Giuseppe
G
Saglio
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016328:NF-kappa B