Neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia among Arab psychotic patients.
We carried out a retrospective descriptive study to determine prevalence and risk factors for tardive dyskinesia (TD) among psychotic patients treated with conventional neuroleptics in 4 centres in Saudi Arabia. Records of patients who had been taking > or = 1 conventional neuroleptic for > or = 6 months from January 1997 to December 2000 were examined; 151 patients were included in the final analysis. Only 51 had TD; another 59 (6.8%) patients had drug-induced Parkinson disease. Duration of treatment (P < 0.001), higher doses of neuroleptics (P < 0.01) and age over 40 years (P < 0.01) were associated with TD. A statistically significant difference in prevalence was found between Arabs (23.5%) and Afro-Arabs (45.5%) (P < 0.01). Overall prevalence of TD among psychotic patients was 5.9%.
Psychiatric Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. akarimosman@yahoo.co.uk
A
A
Osman
M
M
Marghalani
I Y A
IY
Turkistani
M
M
Al-Swaf
B
B
Bin Sadiq
D000328:Adult; D000349:Africa / Q000208:ethnology; D017677:Age Distribution; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018912:Arabs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D044383:Black People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000009:adverse effects; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014268:Trifluoperazine / Q000009:adverse effects
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D014268:Trifluoperazine; D006220:Haloperidol; D002746:Chlorpromazine