Biodegradable nanoparticles for cytosolic delivery of therapeutics.
Many therapeutics require efficient cytosolic delivery either because the receptors for those drugs are located in the cytosol or their site of action is an intracellular organelle that requires transport through the cytosolic compartment. To achieve efficient cytosolic delivery of therapeutics, different nanomaterials have been developed that consider the diverse physicochemical nature of therapeutics (macromolecule to small molecule; water soluble to water insoluble) and various membrane associated and intracellular barriers that these systems need to overcome to efficiently deliver and retain therapeutics in the cytoplasmic compartment. Our interest is in investigating PLGA and PLA-based nanoparticles for intracellular delivery of drugs and genes. The present review discusses the various aspects of our studies and emphasizes the need for understanding of the molecular mechanisms of intracellular trafficking of nanoparticles in order to develop an efficient cytosolic delivery system.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
Jaspreet K
JK
Vasir
Vinod
V
Labhasetwar
D020341:Absorbable Implants; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001692:Biological Transport; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000502:physiology; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D003600:Cytosol; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015195:Drug Design; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D011091:Polyesters; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C033616:poly(lactide)