Intake of phenol-rich virgin olive oil improves the postprandial prothrombotic profile in hypercholesterolemic patients.
BACKGROUND
Oxidative stress associated with postprandial lipemia contributes to endothelial dysfunction, which shifts hemostasis to a more thrombogenic state.


OBJECTIVE
We investigated whether a high concentration of phenols in olive oil can partly reverse this phenomenon.


METHODS
Twenty-one hypercholesterolemic volunteers received 2 breakfasts rich in olive oils with different phenolic contents (80 or 400 ppm) according to a randomized, sequential crossover design. Plasma concentrations of lipid fractions, factor VII antigen (FVIIag), activated factor VII (FVIIa), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity were measured at baseline and postprandially.


RESULTS
Concentrations of FVIIa increased less (P = 0.018) and plasma PAI-1 activity decreased more (P = 0.021) 2 h after the high-phenol meal than after the low-phenol meal. FVIIa concentrations 120 min after intake of the olive oil with a high phenol content correlated positively with fasting plasma triacylglycerols (P = 0.001), area under the curve (AUC) of triacylglycerols (P = 0.001), and AUC of nonesterified fatty acids (P = 0.024) and negatively with hydroxytyrosol plasma concentrations at 60 min (P = 0.039) and fasting HDL-cholesterol concentrations (P = 0.005). PAI-1 positively correlated with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (P = 0.005) and fasting triacylglycerols (P = 0.025) and inversely with adiponectin (P = 0.026). In a multivariate analysis, the AUCs of nonesterified fatty acids (R(2) = 0.467; beta: 0.787; SE: 0.02; P < 0.001) and adiponectin (R(2) = 0.232; beta: -1.594; SE: 0.629; P < 0.05) were the strongest predictors of plasma FVIIa and PAI-1, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
A virgin olive oil with a high content of phenolic compounds changes the postprandial hemostatic profile to a less thrombogenic state.
Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
Juan
J
Ruano
José
J
López-Miranda
Rafael
R
de la Torre
Javier
J
Delgado-Lista
Javier
J
Fernández
Javier
J
Caballero
María Isabel
MI
Covas
Yolanda
Y
Jiménez
Pablo
P
Pérez-Martínez
Carmen
C
Marín
Francisco
F
Fuentes
Francisco
F
Pérez-Jiménez
D000368:Aged; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005167:Factor VII / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015942:Factor VIIa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000069463:Olive Oil; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010938:Plant Oils; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D017698:Postmenopause; D019518:Postprandial Period; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D012044:Regression Analysis
D004041:Dietary Fats; D008055:Lipids; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010636:Phenols; D010938:Plant Oils; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D005167:Factor VII; D015942:Factor VIIa