title: Metabolic characterization of Brassica rapa leaves by NMR spectroscopy.
abstract: The Brassica has been intensively studied due to the nutritional and beneficial effects. However, many species, varieties, and cultivars of this genus and the resulting large metabolic variation have been obstacles for systematic research of the plant. In order to overcome the problems posed by the biological variation, the metabolomic analysis of various cultivars of Brassica rapa was performed by NMR spectroscopy combined with multivariate data analysis. Discriminating metabolites in different cultivars and development stages were elucidated by diverse 2D-NMR techniques after sorting out different significant signals using (1)H NMR measurements and principal component analysis. Among the elucidated metabolites, several organic and amino acids, carbohydrates, adenine, indole acetic acid (IAA), phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and glucosinolates were found to be the metabolites contributing to the differentiation between cultivars and age of Brassica rapa. On the basis of these results, the distribution of plant metabolites among different cultivars and development stages of B. rapa is discussed.
authors: Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: Ibrahim Bayoumi
authors: IB
authors: Abdel-Farid
authors: Hye Kyong
authors: HK
authors: Kim
authors: Young Hae
authors: YH
authors: Choi
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Verpoorte
mesh_terms: D029741:Brassica rapa / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity