title: The response of mammalian cells to double-stranded RNA.
abstract: Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has long been recognized as a central component of the interferon (IFN) system. It was originally characterized as a key mediator of IFN induction in response to virus infection. Subsequently, it was identified as a prime activator of the antiviral response. In recent years the discovery of the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway in mammals has renewed interest in dsRNA-mediated cellular responses. This has coincided with the identification of key components of the IFN induction pathway. Here, we present an overview of the current knowledge of dsRNA-mediated pathways in mammalian cells and introduce a link between these pathways and application of RNAi.
authors: Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
authors: Michael P
authors: MP
authors: Gantier
authors: Bryan R G
authors: BR
authors: Williams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D034622:RNA Interference / Q000276:immunology; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded
references: Genes Dev. 1999 Dec 15;13(24):3191-7
references: 10617568
references: Nat Cell Biol. 2000 Feb;2(2):70-5
references: 10655585
references: J Virol. 2000 Apr;74(8):3781-92
references: 10729153
references: Gene. 2000 Jul 11;252(1-2):95-105
references: 10903441
references: Development. 2000 Oct;127(19):4147-56
references: 10976047
references: FASEB J. 2001 Feb;15(2):501-15
references: 11156966
references: Genes Dev. 2001 Jan 15;15(2):188-200
references: 11157775
references: Nature. 2001 May 24;411(6836):494-8
references: 11373684
references: J Leukoc Biol. 2001 Jun;69(6):912-20
references: 11404376
references: Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Nov;21(22):7807-16
references: 11604515
references: J Biol Chem. 1982 May 10;257(9):5136-42
references: 6802847
references: Cell. 1990 Jul 27;62(2):379-90
references: 1695551
references: J Interferon Res. 1991 Aug;11(4):199-205
references: 1717615
references: Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Nov;12(11):5238-48
references: 1357546
references: J Biol Chem. 1993 Apr 15;268(11):7603-6
references: 8096514
references: EMBO J. 1993 Aug;12(8):3297-304
references: 7688298
references: Trends Biochem Sci. 1995 Jun;20(6):241-6
references: 7631421
references: EMBO J. 1997 Jan 15;16(2):406-16
references: 9029159
references: J Virol. 1997 Mar;71(3):1992-2003
references: 9032331
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Apr 1;94(7):3279-83
references: 9096384
references: Genes Cells. 1998 Jan;3(1):29-37
references: 9581980
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Jul 7;95(14):7981-6
references: 9653126
references: Annu Rev Biochem. 1998;67:227-64
references: 9759489
references: Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1998 Dec;62(4):1415-34
references: 9841677
references: Genes Dev. 1999 Feb 15;13(4):400-11
references: 10049356
references: Trends Microbiol. 1999 Apr;7(4):160-5
references: 10217831
references: J Interferon Cytokine Res. 1999 Apr;19(4):295-308
references: 10334380
references: RNA. 2004 Dec;10(12):1934-45
references: 15547138
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Dec 7;101(49):17264-9
references: 15563593
references: Nat Rev Genet. 2005 Jan;6(1):24-35
references: 15630419
references: J Virol. 2005 Mar;79(5):2689-99
references: 15708988
references: Apoptosis. 2005 Jan;10(1):167-76
references: 15711932
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Feb 22;102(8):2986-91
references: 15710892
references: Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2005 Feb;16(1):1-14
references: 15733829
references: Nat Med. 2005 Mar;11(3):263-70
references: 15723075
references: Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Apr;23(4):457-62
references: 15778705
references: J Mol Biol. 2005 May 20;348(5):1079-90
references: 15854645
references: Cell Death Differ. 2005 Jun;12(6):563-70
references: 15846372
references: Immunity. 2005 Jul;23(1):19-28
references: 16039576
references: J Virol. 2005 Sep;79(17):11105-14
references: 16103161
references: Trends Immunol. 2005 Sep;26(9):462-8
references: 16027039
references: Sci STKE. 2001 Jul 3;2001(89):re2
references: 11752661
references: J Immunol. 2002 May 1;168(9):4531-7
references: 11970999
references: Curr Biol. 2002 May 14;12(10):838-43
references: 12015121
references: Genes Dev. 2002 Oct 1;16(19):2465-78
references: 12368257
references: FASEB J. 2003 Jun;17(9):961-83
references: 12773480
references: Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Mar;22(3):321-5
references: 14990954
references: Science. 2004 Mar 5;303(5663):1529-31
references: 14976261
references: Science. 2004 Mar 5;303(5663):1526-9
references: 14976262
references: Mol Cell Biol. 2004 May;24(10):4502-12
references: 15121867
references: Nat Immunol. 2004 Jul;5(7):730-7
references: 15208624
references: Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2004 Sep;68(3):432-52, table of contents
references: 15353564
references: Nature. 2004 Sep 16;431(7006):350-5
references: 15372042
references: Pharmacol Ther. 2004 Sep;103(3):245-59
references: 15464592
references: Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 1967;6:83-141
references: 5338006
references: Infect Immun. 1973 Sep;8(3):309-16
references: 4354147
references: Nature. 1974 Jul 5;250(461):57-9
references: 4366491
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Feb;76(2):600-4
references: 284384
references: Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Apr;6(4):1335-50
references: 450698
references: J Biol Chem. 1979 Oct 25;254(20):10180-3
references: 489592
references: Mol Cell. 2005 Sep 16;19(6):727-40
references: 16153868
references: J Virol. 2005 Oct;79(20):12944-51
references: 16188996
references: J Immunol. 2005 Oct 15;175(8):5260-8
references: 16210631
references: Dev Biol. 2005 Oct 15;286(2):464-71
references: 16154556
references: Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Nov;23(11):1399-405
references: 16273073
references: Microbes Infect. 2006 Jan;8(1):157-71
references: 16182584
references: Trends Mol Med. 2006 Feb;12(2):53-6
references: 16406812
references: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Mar 24;341(4):1211-7
references: 16476582
references: J Immunol. 2006 Mar 1;176(5):2888-95
references: 16493046
references: Cell. 2006 Feb 24;124(4):783-801
references: 16497588
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Mar 14;103(11):4174-9
references: 16537504
references: J Virol. 2006 May;80(10):5059-64
references: 16641297
references: Microbes Infect. 2006 Jul;8(8):2138-44
references: 16782388
references: Immunity. 2006 Sep;25(3):349-60
references: 16979567
references: Science. 2006 Nov 10;314(5801):997-1001
references: 17038589
references: Science. 2006 Nov 10;314(5801):994-7
references: 17038590
references: J Virol. 2006 Dec;80(24):12332-42
references: 17020950
references: Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2006 Dec;70(4):1032-60
references: 17158706
references: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Jan;8(1):23-36
references: 17183358
references: J Mol Med (Berl). 2006 Sep;84(9):712-25
references: 16924467
references: PLoS One. 2007;2(3):e279
references: 17356690
references: Nature. 2003 Jul 17;424(6946):324-8
references: 12819664
references: Nat Cell Biol. 2003 Sep;5(9):834-9
references: 12942087
references: J Immunol. 2003 Sep 15;171(6):3154-62
references: 12960343
references: Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 2003;74:123-58
references: 14510075
references: J Immunol. 2003 Oct 15;171(8):4304-10
references: 14530355
references: Mol Cell. 2003 Nov;12(5):1173-85
references: 14636576
references: J Biol Chem. 2004 Jan 9;279(2):1123-31
references: 14570908
references: Nature. 2006 May 4;441(7089):101-5
references: 16625202
references: Nat Biotechnol. 2006 May;24(5):559-65
references: 16648842
references: Nat Immunol. 2006 Jun;7(6):563-7
references: 16715068
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 May 30;103(22):8459-64
references: 16714379
references: J Biol Chem. 2006 Jul 28;281(30):21458-68
references: 16717090
references: Mol Ther. 2006 Oct;14(4):463-70
references: 16877044
references: Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2006 Sep;13(9):793-7
references: 16936726