title: Human parthenogenetic blastocysts derived from noninseminated cryopreserved human oocytes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report on the development of human parthenogenetic blastocysts and an in vitro attachment that was generated from noninseminated cryopreserved human oocytes for the first time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of reproductive medicine in a medical institute in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five healthy fertile donors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Artificial activation of noninseminated cryopreserved human oocytes after thawing, parthenote culture, and their in vitro attachment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survival rate, activation rate, cleavage rate, and blastocyst formation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-six of 38 cryopreserved noninseminated oocytes survived after thawing (survival rate, 94.7%). Thirty-one of 36 oocytes showed one pronucleus (activation rate, 86.1%). Thirty of 31 cleaved (cleavage rate, 96.8%). Five of 30 showed cavitation (blastocyst rate, 16.7%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Noninseminated cryopreserved human oocytes showed a high survival rate after thawing. They responded very satisfactorily to artificial activation, which was followed by a high rate of parthenogenetic embryos, which can develop into blastocysts. In the future, these could be a new source for development of human parthenogenetic stem cells.
authors: Department of Reproductive Medicine, CER Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Buenos Aires University, Buenos Aires, Argentina. ester_polak@cermed.com
authors: Ester Polak
authors: EP
authors: de Fried
authors: Pablo
authors: P
authors: Ross
authors: Gisela
authors: G
authors: Zang
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Divita
authors: Kerrianne
authors: K
authors: Cunniff
authors: Flavia
authors: F
authors: Denaday
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Salamone
authors: Ann
authors: A
authors: Kiessling
authors: José
authors: J
authors: Cibelli
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000502:physiology*; D002970:Cleavage Stage, Ovum; D015925:Cryopreservation; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015759:Ionomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D054315:Oocyte Retrieval; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D010312:Parthenogenesis; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D015759:Ionomycin; C001020:N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenine; D000225:Adenine