Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 on neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia: findings from a randomised controlled trial.
In a randomised, double-blind, 22-week trial 400 patients with dementia associated with neuropsychiatric features were treated with Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 (240 mg/day) or placebo. Patients with probable Alzheimer's disease, possible Alzheimer's disease with cerebrovascular disease or vascular dementia were eligible if they scored 9 to 23 on the SKT cognitive test battery and at least 5 on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). EGb 761 was significantly superior to placebo with respect to the primary (SKT test battery) and all secondary outcome variables. The mean composite score (frequency x severity) and the mean caregiver distress score of the NPI dropped from 21.3 to 14.7 and 13.5 to 8.7, respectively, in the EGb 761-treated patients, but increased from 21.6 to 24.1 and 13.4 to 13.9, respectively, under placebo (p < 0.001). The largest drug-placebo differences in favour of EGb 761 were found for apathy/indifference, anxiety, irritability/lability, depression/dysphoria and sleep/nighttime behaviour.
Scripnikov
Andrey
A
Poltava Regional Psychiatry Hospital, Poltava, Ukraine.
Khomenko
Alexander
A
Napryeyenko
Oleksandr
O
D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D020441:Ginkgo biloba; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000096983:Ginkgo Extract
D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; C063170:Ginkgo biloba extract; D000096983:Ginkgo Extract
Curr Alzheimer Res. 2005 Dec;2(5):541-51
16375657
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006 May;21(5):449-59
16676288
Arzneimittelforschung. 2007;57(1):4-11
17341003
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Sep 17;99(19):12197-202
12213959
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1974 Mar;22(3):107-13
4464879
Gen Pharmacol. 1994 Sep;25(5):1009-16
7835617
Pharmacopsychiatry. 2003 Jun;36 Suppl 1:S56-61
13130390
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1998 Feb;46(2):210-5
9475452
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1989 Aug;37(8):725-9
2754157
Arch Neurol. 1999 Nov;56(11):1388-93
10555660
J Pharm Pharmacol. 1992 Nov;44(11):943-5
1361545
Int Psychogeriatr. 1997 Jun;9(2):175-82
9309489
Neurology. 2004 Jul 27;63(2):214-9
15277611
Neurology. 1996 Jan;46(1):130-5
8559361
Neurology. 2000 Jun 27;54(12):2269-76
10881251
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2005 Dec;20(12):1172-9
16315149
J Clin Psychol. 1993 Jan;49(1):61-71
8425936
Int J Clin Pract Suppl. 2002 Jun;(127):20-36
12139365
JAMA. 2002 Sep 25;288(12):1475-83
12243634
Neurology. 1993 Feb;43(2):250-60
8094895
J Neural Transm (Vienna). 1999;106(11-12):1171-88
10651112
Int Psychogeriatr. 2005 Dec;17(4):577-89
16185379
Am J Psychiatry. 2000 May;157(5):708-14
10784462
Psychol Med. 2004 Aug;34(6):1129-35
15554582
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1960 Feb;23:56-62
14399272
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2002 Sep;53(3):337-48
12369732
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2003 Feb;18(2):174-82
12571828
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2005 May;13(5):393-401
15879588
Neurology. 1984 Jul;34(7):939-44
6610841
Life Sci. 1998;62(25):2329-40
9651122
Neurology. 1997 May;48(5 Suppl 6):S10-6
9153155