[Chemoprevention and prophylactic surgery in ovarian carcinoma].
BACKGROUND
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynaecological malignancy, especially because of late diagnosis. The objective of the study was to provide the clinician with current concepts regarding prevention of ovarian cancer.


METHODS
A computerized search of articles published was performed using the Medline database We performed a review of the literature (PubMed, Embase) using the following search terms (MeSH and non-MeSH): prevention, chemoprevention, chemoprevention, ovarian cancer, ovarian, ovary, carcinoma, tumor, tumour.


RESULTS
Oral contraceptive and acetaminophen use may provide substantial protection against ovarian cancer, whereas aspirin, carotenoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents do not decrease the risk. However, to date, there is no recommendation concerning low risk population. At the opposite, young women (<35-40 years old) presenting with BRCA1 or 2 mutation or Lynch syndrome may be counseled for chemoprevention using oral contraceptive. For high risk women over 35-40 years old, prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy should be performed. Indeed, it has been showed that prophylactic surgery significantly decrease mortality rates in high risk women.


CONCLUSIONS
Large randomized studies are required to assess the efficacy of ovarian cancer chemoprevention in low risk women. High-risk women over 35-40 years old should be counseled for prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy or for chemoprevention using oral contraceptive.
Deffieux
X
X
Université Paris-Sud, UMR-S0782, 92140 Clamart, France. xavier.deffieux@abc.aphp.fr
Touboul
C
C
Uzan
C
C
Faivre
E
E
Frydman
R
R
Fernandez
H
H
Morice
P
P
D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery; D018890:Chemoprevention; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D019398:Genes, BRCA1; D024522:Genes, BRCA2; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery; D010052:Ovariectomy; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012306:Risk
D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D005819:Genetic Markers; D000082:Acetaminophen