title: Pramlintide improved glycemic control and reduced weight in patients with type 2 diabetes using basal insulin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy and safety of pramlintide in patients with type 2 diabetes suboptimally controlled with basal insulin.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a 16-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 212 patients using insulin glargine with or without oral antidiabetes agents (OAs) were randomized to addition of pramlintide (60 or 120 microg b.i.d./t.i.d.) or placebo. Insulin glargine was adjusted to target a fasting plasma glucose concentration of 70-100 mg/dl. One coprimary end point was the change in A1C at week 16. The other coprimary end point was a composite measure of overall diabetes control comprising A1C < or = 7.0% or reduction > or = 0.5%, mean daily postprandial glucose (PPG) increments < or = 40 mg/dl, no increase in body weight, and no severe hypoglycemia. Patients meeting all four conditions at week 16 achieved this end point.
  
  
  RESULTS
  More pramlintide- than placebo-treated patients achieved the composite end point (25 vs. 7%; P < 0.001). Reductions (means +/- SE) in A1C (-0.70 +/- 0.11% vs. -0.36 +/- 0.08%; P < 0.05) and PPG increments (-24.4 +/- 3.6 mg/dl vs. -0.4 +/- 3.0 mg/dl; P < 0.0001) were greater in pramlintide- versus placebo-treated patients, respectively. Glycemic improvements were accompanied by progressive weight loss with pramlintide and weight gain with placebo (-1.6 +/- 0.3 kg vs. +0.7 +/- 0.3 kg; P < 0.0001). No treatment-related severe hypoglycemia occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pramlintide improved multiple glycemic parameters and reduced weight with no increase in hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes who were not achieving glycemic targets with basal insulin with or without OAs.
authors: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
authors: Matthew
authors: M
authors: Riddle
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Frias
authors: Bei
authors: B
authors: Zhang
authors: Holly
authors: H
authors: Maier
authors: Carl
authors: C
authors: Brown
authors: Karen
authors: K
authors: Lutz
authors: Orville
authors: O
authors: Kolterman
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000682:Amyloid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D000682:Amyloid; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D010919:Placebos; C105254:pramlintide