title: Sex differences in olfactory function in young patients with psychotic disorders.
abstract: Female superiority on many measures of olfactory function is well established, but debate remains as to whether this pattern extends to patients with psychotic disorders. The purpose of this large retrospective study was to re-examine whether male vs. female differences in olfactory identification exist in patients with psychotic disorders, and if so, whether any such differences were related to features of the psychotic disorder or could be explained by a generalized male-female difference. We examined 353 relatively young patients, recently diagnosed with a psychotic illness, (258 males and 95 females) and compared these with 89 healthy control subjects (45 males and 44 females). All individuals had been assessed birhinally using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). Overall, females were superior to males, and patients underperformed healthy controls. No interaction was noted between these two variables, and there was no significant effect found as a result of age of the subjects. The data suggested that sex differences in olfactory identification ability exist in young patients with psychotic disorders. They do not appear to be related to exposure to antipsychotic medication or smoking habit. Therefore, it is likely that they represent basic male vs. female differences and not diagnosis-specific sex differences in olfactory performance-at least in those who are in the early stages of illness.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Canada. kimpgood@dal.ca
authors: Kimberley P
authors: KP
authors: Good
authors: Ronald A
authors: RA
authors: Leslie
authors: Jeannette
authors: J
authors: McGlone
authors: Heather I
authors: HI
authors: Milliken
authors: Lili C
authors: LC
authors: Kopala
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D012016:Reference Values; D012684:Sensory Thresholds / Q000187:drug effects; D012737:Sex Factors; D012903:Smell / Q000187:drug effects; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents