title: Oromandibular dystonia.
abstract: Oromandibular dystonia (OMD) is a rare neuromuscular disorder characterized by involuntary repetitive muscular contraction affecting different parts of the oromandibular region. Its various physical manifestations can be extremely debilitating and socially disabling to affected patients. To date, there is no commonly accepted set of diagnostic criteria nor well-defined management pathways. This paper aims to discuss some aspects of clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, neurological mechanisms, and treatment options for OMD, with illustrations from 6 clinical cases.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Health Center, Canterbury Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand. klee1@gmp.usyd.edu.au
authors: Kai H
authors: KH
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008410:Masticatory Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008538:Meige Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011602:Psychophysiologic Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A