title: Bilateral hemifacial spasm: a series of 10 patients with literature review.
abstract: Bilateral hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a rare movement disorder posing diagnostic doubt with other facial dyskinesias. In this report, we describe clinical, radiological and therapeutic features of 10 patients with bilateral HFS. The prevalence of bilateral HFS in our sample was of 2.6%. Clinical characteristics of our patients did not differ from the classic features of unilateral cases. The mean latency for contralateral facial nerve involvement was of 33.3 months. In only one case a vascular abnormality was seen. We conclude that bilateral HFS is rare and that clinical differentiation with other facial dyskinesias should be promptly made to introduce appropriate therapy.
authors: Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Unit, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil. cf.andre@gmail.com <cf.andre@gmail.com>
authors: Andre Carvalho
authors: AC
authors: Felício
authors: Clecio de Oliveira
authors: Cde O
authors: Godeiro-Junior
authors: Vanderci
authors: V
authors: Borges
authors: Sonia Maria de Azevedo
authors: SM
authors: Silva
authors: Henrique Ballalai
authors: HB
authors: Ferraz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005155:Facial Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D019569:Hemifacial Spasm / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A