title: Clinical and psychometric validation of a questionnaire module, the EORTC QLQ-OG25, to assess health-related quality of life in patients with cancer of the oesophagus, the oesophago-gastric junction and the stomach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To combine and test the EORTC questionnaires for assessing quality of life (HRQL) for oesophageal (QLQ-OES18) and stomach cancer (QLQ-STO22), into a single questionnaire for tumours of the oesophagus, oesophago-gastric junction or stomach.
  
  
  METHODS
  The QLQ-OES18, QLQ-STO22 and seven modified items were administered to 300 patients with oesophageal (n=148), junctional (n=66), or gastric cancer (n=86). Semi-structured interviews assessed item and scale preference and multi-trait scaling analyses confirmed the scale structure of the new module (QLQ-OG25). This was further tested for validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The QLQ-OG25 has six scales, dysphagia, eating restrictions, reflux, odynophagia, pain and anxiety. Scales have good reliability (alpha range 0.67-0.87) and they distinguish between tumour sites and disease stage. Scales do not correlate highly with scores from the core questionnaire, thus indicating that the module was addressing separate HRQL aspects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The QLQ-OG25 is recommended to supplement the EORTC QLQ-C30 when assessing HRQL in patients with oesophageal, junctional or gastric cancer.
authors: Department of Social Medicine at South Bristol, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors: Pernilla
authors: P
authors: Lagergren
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Fayers
authors: Thierry
authors: T
authors: Conroy
authors: Hubert J
authors: HJ
authors: Stein
authors: Orhan
authors: O
authors: Sezer
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Hardwick
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Hammerlid
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Bottomley
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Van Cutsem
authors: Jane M
authors: JM
authors: Blazeby
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology*; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000523:psychology; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*