Getting a first clue about SPRED functions.
Spreds form a new protein family with an N-terminal Enabled/VASP homology 1 domain (EVH1), a central c-Kit binding domain (KBD) and a C-terminal Sprouty-related domain (SPR). They are able to inhibit the Ras-ERK signalling pathway after various mitogenic stimulations. In mice, Spred proteins are identified as regulators of bone morphogenesis, hematopoietic processes, allergen-induced airway eosinophilia and hyperresponsiveness. They inhibit cell motility and metastasis and have a high potential as tumor markers and suppressors of carcinogenesis. Moreover, in vertebrates, XtSpreds help together with XtSprouty proteins to coordinate gastrulation and mesoderm specification. Here, we give an overview of this new field and summarize the domain functions, binding partners, expression patterns and the cellular localizations, regulations and functions of Spred proteins and try to give perspectives for future scientific directions.
Bundschu
Karin
K
Abteilung Biochemie und Molekulare Biologie, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany. karin.bundschu@gmx.de
Walter
Ulrich
U
Schuh
Kai
K
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009024:Morphogenesis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C504812:SPRED1 protein, human; D018631:ras Proteins