title: Experimental comparative study in rabbits of three different ways of cartilage graft fixation: suture, gelatin-resorcin-formaldehyde and butyl-2-cyanoacrylate.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  The compound gelatin-resorcin-formaldehyde (GRF) was a better stabilizing material for cartilage grafts in rabbits than butyl-2-cyanoacrylate. GRF was also better than the suture when comparing fixation of cartilage to the periosteum and inflammatory reaction.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Cartilage grafting is an interesting option for refinements on rhinoplasties. The objective of this study was to compare butyl-2-cyanoacrylate to GRF and suture to determine the efficacy of these methods in restraining grafted cartilage in rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen male adult New Zealand rabbits underwent surgery with the aim of collecting six auricular cartilage grafts from each animal. Two of these grafts in each animal were glued together with butyl-2-cyanoacrylate, two were glued together with compound GRF, and two were sewn together with nylon suture. These sandwich grafts were then glued or sutured to the periosteum of the glabella. After 2, 6, and 12 weeks, groups of five animals were sacrificed and histological analysis for inflammation was performed. Cartilage graft migration, adhesion, and deformities of the grafts were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was less migration of the cartilages glued with GRF than with cyanoacrylate and suture. GRF showed statistically less inflammatory reaction and angiogenesis than the other two methods. The three methods showed a tendency to decrease of fibrosis, inflammation, and angiogenesis as weeks passed. There was no detachment or deformity in the cartilage sandwiches sutured to the glabella's periostium. The majority of detached and deformed cartilages were those glued with cyanoacrylate. The number of detached cartilages was directly related to the number of deformed cartilages. The data were statistically significant (p<0.05).
authors: University Hospital, São Paolo, Brazil.
authors: Heloisa Juliana Zabeu Rossi
authors: HJ
authors: Costa
authors: Celina Siqueira Barbosa
authors: CS
authors: Pereira
authors: Márcio Paulino
authors: MP
authors: Costa
authors: Fabrício Sanchez Soga Sanches
authors: FS
authors: Fabri
authors: Carmen Lúcia Penteado
authors: CL
authors: Lancellotti
authors: José Eduardo Lutaif
authors: JE
authors: Dolci
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation*; D004659:Enbucrilate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005780:Gelatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology; D011817:Rabbits; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013537:Sutures; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D005557:Formaldehyde; D005780:Gelatin; D004659:Enbucrilate