title: Does distress tolerance moderate the impact of major life events on psychosocial variables and behaviors important in the management of HIV?
abstract: Living with HIV involves management of multiple stressful disease-related and other life events. Distress tolerance may provide a functional, individual-based context for qualifying the established relationships between major life events and psychosocial variables important in the management of HIV. The present study provided a preliminary test of the hypothesis that distress tolerance moderates the impact of major life events on these predictors of disease progression. HIV-positive patients (n=116) completed psychosocial and medical questionnaires. Results indicated that major life events interacted with distress tolerance such that lower distress tolerance and higher life events were associated with significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms, substance use coping, alcohol and cocaine use, and medication adherence. In addition, distress tolerance was directly related to self-reported HIV-related symptoms. These results suggest that low distress tolerance, particularly in the face of major life events, may present significant challenges to adaptive management of HIV. Distress tolerance assessment may help to specify targets for cognitive-behavioral and stress management treatments for people living with HIV.
authors: University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA. cocleirigh@partners.org
authors: Conall
authors: C
authors: O'Cleirigh
authors: Gail
authors: G
authors: Ironson
authors: Jasper A J
authors: JA
authors: Smits
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D001143:Arousal; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology; D012803:Sick Role; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology
references: Behav Res Ther. 2006 Sep;44(9):1337-46
references: 16337606
references: Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1994 Mar;17(1):17-33
references: 8190664
references: Psychosom Med. 1999 May-Jun;61(3):397-406
references: 10367622
references: Am J Psychiatry. 1991 Jun;148(6):733-8
references: 1674646
references: Health Psychol. 2000 Mar;19(2):124-33
references: 10762096
references: Biol Psychiatry. 2003 Aug 1;54(3):295-306
references: 12893105
references: Int J Behav Med. 1994;1(1):90-105
references: 16250807
references: J Behav Med. 2005 Oct;28(5):403-14
references: 16179979
references: Behav Med. 2002 Summer;28(2):53-60
references: 12613286
references: Ann Behav Med. 2003 Summer;25(3):203-13
references: 12763715
references: J Abnorm Psychol. 1999 Aug;108(3):532-7
references: 10466277
references: AIDS Behav. 2004 Jun;8(2):175-83
references: 15187479
references: AIDS Educ Prev. 1995;7(5 Suppl):36-47
references: 8664097
references: Behav Res Ther. 2001 Oct;39(10):1151-62
references: 11579986
references: Int J STD AIDS. 2004 Dec;15(12):803-10
references: 15601486
references: AIDS Care. 2000 Jun;12(3):255-66
references: 10928201
references: J Psychosom Res. 1993 Jan;37(1):39-51
references: 8421259
references: AIDS Educ Prev. 2003 Feb;15(1 Suppl A):66-79
references: 12630600
references: Clin Infect Dis. 2001 Oct 15;33(8):1417-23
references: 11550118
references: AIDS. 2002 Mar 29;16(5):767-74
references: 11964533
references: AIDS. 2000 Mar 10;14(4):357-66
references: 10770537
references: Psychosom Med. 2005 Nov-Dec;67(6):1013-21
references: 16314608
references: Psychol Med. 2002 Aug;32(6):1059-73
references: 12214787
references: AIDS. 1993 Nov;7(11):1493-9
references: 8280417
references: AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2006 Jun;20(6):418-28
references: 16789855
references: Psychosom Med. 2006 Jan-Feb;68(1):143-51
references: 16449425
references: Pain. 2002 Jul;98(1-2):9-17
references: 12098612
references: AIDS. 2005 Apr;19 Suppl 1:S49-55
references: 15838194
references: Health Psychol. 1997 Jul;16(4):369-73
references: 9237089
references: JAMA. 2001 Mar 21;285(11):1466-74
references: 11255423
references: AIDS Care. 1998 Jun;10(3):297-312
references: 9828973
references: AIDS Behav. 2006 Sep;10(5):473-82
references: 16604295
references: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1978 Oct;46(5):932-46
references: 701572
references: JAMA. 2000 Jan 19;283(3):381-90
references: 10647802
references: J Abnorm Psychol. 1997 Aug;106(3):355-64
references: 9241937
references: AIDS Care. 2004 May;16(4):446-57
references: 15203413
references: Psychiatry. 1995 Nov;58(4):299-312
references: 8746489
references: Addict Behav. 2003 Apr;28(3):523-36
references: 12628624
references: Ann Behav Med. 1996 Mar;18(1):30-9
references: 24203641
references: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006 Jul;42(3):298-306
references: 16639343
references: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989 Feb;56(2):267-83
references: 2926629
references: AIDS Care. 2005 May;17(4):433-42
references: 16036228
references: J Behav Med. 2003 Apr;26(2):165-81
references: 12776385
references: Psychosom Med. 2005 May-Jun;67(3):500-7
references: 15911916
references: J Psychosom Res. 2003 Mar;54(3):225-35
references: 12614832
references: Psychol Med. 1997 Mar;27(2):395-409
references: 9089832
references: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986 Dec;51(6):1173-82
references: 3806354
references: Am J Psychiatry. 2000 May;157(5):751-8
references: 10784468
references: Sex Transm Infect. 2003 Apr;79(2):142-6
references: 12690138
references: JAMA. 1998 Jul 1;280(1):72-7
references: 9660367
references: J Abnorm Psychol. 2002 Feb;111(1):180-5
references: 11866171