title: Target volume definition for head and neck intensity modulated radiotherapy: pre-clinical evaluation of PARSPORT trial guidelines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is considerable controversy surrounding target volume definition for parotid-sparing intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for head and neck cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dosimetric and radiobiological predictors of outcome anticipated by application of the detailed target volume definition guidelines agreed for the UK multicentre randomised controlled trial of parotid-sparing IMRT (PARSPORT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients eligible for the study were delineated using the trial guidelines. Following the protocol, plans were produced to treat these volumes with three-dimensional radiotherapy (control arm) and IMRT aimed to spare dose to the contralateral parotid gland (experimental arm). Dosimetric comparisons were made between plans, and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) modelling for salivary glands was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Doses delivered to the planning target volumes (PTV) were similar with each technique, although IMRT produced more homogeneous irradiation of the PTV. Mean doses to the contralateral parotid gland were 22.4+/-1.7 Gy with the IMRT plans vs 60.0+/-7.2 Gy with three-dimensional radiotherapy, P=0.0003. Calculated contralateral parotid gland NTCP values for grade 2 xerostomia were 20-22% for IMRT and 98-100% for three-dimensional radiotherapy (P<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pre-clinical evaluation of the PARSPORT trial target volume definition guidelines provides theoretical support for a significant reduction in xerostomia rates. These data await confirmation from the clinical trial results.
authors: Department of Radiotherapy, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.
authors: M T
authors: MT
authors: Guerrero Urbano
authors: C H
authors: CH
authors: Clark
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Kong
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Miles
authors: D P
authors: DP
authors: Dearnaley
authors: K J
authors: KJ
authors: Harrington
authors: C M
authors: CM
authors: Nutting
authors: PARSPORT Trial Management Group
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000528:radiation effects; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000187:drug effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011874:Radiometry; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome