title: Increased urinary level of oxidized nucleosides in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  
  
  METHODS
  To investigate the possible role of oxidative DNA damage in the pathogenesis of AD, we measured the metabolite concentrations of oxidized nucleosides (pseudouridine, 1-methyladenosine, 5-methylcytidine, 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine, 3-methyluridine, N(2), N(2)-dimethylguanosine, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 5-deoxyadenosine and 2-deoxyguanosine) in urine between AD (n=36) and control subjects (n=34) using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) without urine preparation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In AD, the 3-methyluridine, 1-methyladenosine, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (p<0.05, respectively), 2-deoxyguanosine (p<0.01) and pseudouridine, N(2), N(2)-dimethylguanosine (p<0.001, respectively) were significantly increased when compared with the control subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that oxidized urinary nucleosides may be useful as biomarkers for AD in early stages.
authors: Bioanalysis and Biotransformation Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, South Korea.
authors: Sang Hee
authors: SH
authors: Lee
authors: Inseong
authors: I
authors: Kim
authors: Bong Chul
authors: BC
authors: Chung
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003853:Deoxyribonucleosides / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000652:urine*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D003853:Deoxyribonucleosides; D009705:Nucleosides