Regeneration of the central nervous system using endogenous repair mechanisms.
Recent advances in developmental and stem cell biology have made regeneration-based therapies feasible as therapeutic strategies for patients with damaged central nervous systems (CNSs), including those with spinal cord injuries, Parkinson disease, or stroke. These strategies can be classified into two approaches: (i) the replenishment of lost neural cells and (ii) the induction of axonal regeneration. The first approach includes the activation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult CNS and cell transplantation therapy. Endogenous NSCs have been shown to give rise to new neurons after insults, including ischemia, have been sustained; this form of neurogenesis followed by the migration and functional maturation of neuronal cells, as well as the responses of glial cells and the vascular system play crucial roles in endogenous repair mechanisms in damaged CNS tissue. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances in regeneration-based therapeutic approaches using endogenous NSCs, including the results of our own collaborative groups.
Okano
Hideyuki
H
Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, JapanBridgestone Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Sakaguchi
Masanori
M
Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, JapanBridgestone Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Ohki
Koichi
K
Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, JapanBridgestone Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Suzuki
Norihiro
N
Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, JapanBridgestone Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Sawamoto
Kazunobu
K
Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, JapanBridgestone Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
D000818:Animals; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*