Thailand diabetes registry project: type of diabetes, glycemic control and prevalence of microvascular complications in children and adolescents with diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the etiology, glycemic control and prevalence of microvascular complications in Thai diabetic patients who were diagnosed at the age of less than 18 years and who attended diabetes clinics in university or tertiary care hospitals.


METHODS
A cross-sectional, multi-center, hospital-based diabetes registry was carried out from diabetes clinics of 11 tertiary centers. Demographic data including laboratory results and microvascular complications were recorded.


RESULTS
Two-hundred-and-fifty out of the 9419 (2.66%) diabetic patients were diagnosed before the age of 18 years, 78% had Type 1 diabetes (T1DM), 18.4% had Type2 diabetes (T2DM) and 3.6% had other types of diabetes. Mean +/- SD HbAlc of T1DM was 9.3 +/- 2.5, T2DM was 9.7 +/- 2.6 and other types of diabetes were 8.6 +/- 4%. The majority of patients had poor glycemic control according to ADA and WHO guidelines. The percentage of patients who had diabetes for more than 5 years but had not been screened for nephropathy and retinopathy were 57.7% and 16% in T1DM and were 46.4% and 14.2% in T2DM respectively. A significant correlation between microvacular complications (nephropathy and retinopathy) and duration of disease was found in T1DM (p < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
The majority of Thai children and adolescents with diabetes had TIDM and unsatisfactory glycemic control. Screening for microvascular complications was under international standard. The national strategic plan for management of this disease especially in this age group should be urgently implemented.
Likitmaskul
Supawadee
S
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. sislk@mahidol.ac.th
Wacharasindhu
Suttipong
S
Rawdaree
Petch
P
Ngarmukos
Chardpraorn
C
Deerochanawong
Chaicharn
C
Suwanwalaikorn
Sompongse
S
Chetthakul
Thanya
T
Bunnag
Pongamorn
P
Kosachunhanun
Natapong
N
Plengvidhaya
Nattachet
N
Leelawatana
Rattana
R
Krittiyawong
Sirinate
S
Benjasuratwong
Yupin
Y
Pratipanawatr
Thongchai
T
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000453:epidemiology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012042:Registries; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology