title: Human genome ultraconserved elements are ultraselected.
abstract: Ultraconserved elements in the human genome are defined as stretches of at least 200 base pairs of DNA that match identically with corresponding regions in the mouse and rat genomes. Most ultraconserved elements are noncoding and have been evolutionarily conserved since mammal and bird ancestors diverged over 300 million years ago. The reason for this extreme conservation remains a mystery. It has been speculated that they are mutational cold spots or regions where every site is under weak but still detectable negative selection. However, analysis of the derived allele frequency spectrum shows that these regions are in fact under negative selection that is much stronger than that in protein coding genes.
authors: Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
authors: Sol
authors: S
authors: Katzman
authors: Andrew D
authors: AD
authors: Kern
authors: Gill
authors: G
authors: Bejerano
authors: Ginger
authors: G
authors: Fewell
authors: Lucinda
authors: L
authors: Fulton
authors: Richard K
authors: RK
authors: Wilson
authors: Sofie R
authors: SR
authors: Salama
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Haussler
mesh_terms: D001499:Bayes Theorem; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D005787:Gene Frequency; D015894:Genome, Human; D006801:Humans; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012641:Selection, Genetic