title: Nickel and the carbon cycle.
abstract: This article, dedicated to Edward Stiefel, reviews three nickel enzymes that play important roles in the carbon cycle: CO dehydrogenase, acetyl-CoA synthase, and methyl-coenzyme M reductase. After a short discussion of the carbon cycle, the structures of the active centers of the proteins and their proposed mechanisms are discussed. A brief description of future research areas is presented for each enzyme system. A short perspective on future research on nickel enzymes ends this contribution.
authors: Department of Biological Chemistry, 5301 MSRB III, 1150 W, Medical Center Drive, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0606, USA. sragsdal@umich.edu
authors: Stephen W
authors: SW
authors: Ragsdale
mesh_terms: D000106:Acetate-CoA Ligase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001665:Binding Sites; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D002244:Carbon; D009532:Nickel; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; C019823:carbon monoxide dehydrogenase; C021572:methyl coenzyme M reductase; D000106:Acetate-CoA Ligase
references: Eur J Biochem. 2002 Nov;269(22):5712-21
references: 12423371
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 10;99(25):15971-6
references: 12475995
references: Biochemistry. 2003 Jan 14;42(1):222-30
references: 12515558
references: J Am Chem Soc. 2003 Jan 15;125(2):318-9
references: 12517128
references: Nat Struct Biol. 2003 Apr;10(4):271-9
references: 12627225
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Apr 1;100(7):3689-94
references: 12589021
references: Annu Rev Biochem. 2003;72:209-47
references: 14527323
references: J Am Chem Soc. 2003 Nov 19;125(46):13962-3
references: 14611224
references: Biochemistry. 2003 Dec 23;42(50):14822-30
references: 14674756
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Jan 13;101(2):446-51
references: 14699043
references: Biochemistry. 2004 Apr 6;43(13):3944-55
references: 15049702
references: J Am Chem Soc. 2004 May 5;126(17):5382-7
references: 15113209
references: Biochemistry. 2004 May 18;43(19):5728-34
references: 15134447
references: J Biol Inorg Chem. 2004 Jul;9(5):516-24
references: 15221478
references: J Biol Inorg Chem. 2004 Jul;9(5):533-41
references: 15221480
references: J Biol Inorg Chem. 2004 Jul;9(5):542-9
references: 15221481
references: J Biol Inorg Chem. 2004 Jul;9(5):511-5
references: 15221484
references: J Biol Inorg Chem. 2004 Sep;9(6):691-705
references: 15365904
references: Annu Rev Microbiol. 2004;58:99-117
references: 15487931
references: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 May;37(5):932-7
references: 485139
references: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Feb 27;92(4):1196-201
references: 7370029
references: Arch Microbiol. 1980 Jan;124(1):103-6
references: 7377902
references: FEBS Lett. 1980 Sep 22;119(1):118-20
references: 7428919
references: Biochem J. 1983 Jun 1;211(3):687-94
references: 6309136
references: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1983 Sep 15;115(2):658-65
references: 6312988
references: Annu Rev Microbiol. 1984;38:551-92
references: 6093686
references: J Biol Chem. 1985 Apr 10;260(7):3970-7
references: 2984190
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(20):6811-4
references: 2995986
references: FEBS Lett. 1987 Aug 17;220(2):358-62
references: 3111890
references: Biochemistry. 1989 Jun 13;28(12):4973-9
references: 2504285
references: J Biol Chem. 1990 Mar 5;265(7):3873-9
references: 2154491
references: Annu Rev Biochem. 1990;59:355-94
references: 2115763
references: Eur J Biochem. 1992 Nov 15;210(1):101-7
references: 1332856
references: Eur J Biochem. 1993 Aug 1;215(3):633-43
references: 8354269
references: Biochemistry. 1994 Jul 26;33(29):8702-11
references: 8038160
references: Biochemistry. 1994 Aug 16;33(32):9769-77
references: 8068656
references: Biochemistry. 1995 Apr 11;34(14):4617-24
references: 7718564
references: Biochemistry. 1996 Sep 17;35(37):12119-25
references: 8810918
references: Eur J Biochem. 1997 Jan 15;243(1-2):110-4
references: 9030728
references: Science. 1997 Apr 11;276(5310):245-7
references: 9092471
references: Biochemistry. 1997 Sep 16;36(37):11241-51
references: 9287167
references: Science. 1997 Nov 21;278(5342):1457-62
references: 9367957
references: Biochemistry. 1998 Apr 21;37(16):5689-98
references: 9548955
references: Microbiology. 1998 Sep;144 ( Pt 9):2377-406
references: 9782487
references: Science. 1998 Dec 4;282(5395):1853-8
references: 9836629
references: J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 23;274(17):11513-8
references: 10206956
references: Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 May-Jun;39(3):165-95
references: 15596550
references: J Am Chem Soc. 2005 Apr 27;127(16):5833-9
references: 15839681
references: J Am Chem Soc. 2005 Oct 5;127(39):13500-1
references: 16190705
references: J Am Chem Soc. 2005 Dec 21;127(50):17744-55
references: 16351103
references: Biochemistry. 2006 Jul 18;45(28):8674-85
references: 16834342
references: Biochemistry. 2006 Oct 3;45(39):11915-33
references: 17002292
references: J Biol Chem. 2006 Nov 10;281(45):34663-76
references: 16966321
references: Inorg Chem. 2007 Apr 2;46(7):2691-9
references: 17346040
references: J Biol Chem. 2007 Apr 6;282(14):10639-46
references: 17277357
references: Nature. 1999 Nov 4;402(6757):47-52
references: 10573417
references: Biochemistry. 2000 Feb 15;39(6):1274-7
references: 10684606
references: Trends Biochem Sci. 2000 Mar;25(3):138-43
references: 10694885
references: Chemistry. 2000 Oct 2;6(19):3508-16
references: 11072815
references: Biol Chem. 2000 Sep-Oct;381(9-10):865-76
references: 11076018
references: J Bacteriol. 2001 Sep;183(17):5134-44
references: 11489867
references: J Mol Biol. 2001 May 25;309(1):315-30
references: 11491299
references: Science. 2001 Aug 17;293(5533):1281-5
references: 11509720
references: Acc Chem Res. 2001 Aug;34(8):681-9
references: 11513576
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Oct 9;98(21):11973-8
references: 11593006
references: Biochemistry. 2001 Oct 30;40(43):12875-85
references: 11669624
references: Biochemistry. 2002 Feb 12;41(6):1807-19
references: 11827525
references: Biochemistry. 2002 Feb 19;41(7):2097-105
references: 11841199
references: J Am Chem Soc. 2002 Apr 17;124(15):4039-49
references: 11942842
references: Annu Rev Biochem. 2002;71:221-46
references: 12045096
references: J Bacteriol. 2002 Nov;184(21):5903-11
references: 12374824
references: Science. 2002 Oct 18;298(5593):567-72
references: 12386327