title: The effect of bleaching on the elastic modulus of bovine enamel.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the elastic modulus of enamel during bleaching procedure with the use of an ultrasonic device. Enamel sections were obtained from freshly extracted bovine incisors. Specimens were exposed to 10% carbamide peroxide for two hours, followed by an application of a fluoride-containing toothpaste for five minutes and stored in artificial saliva (pH 7.0). An ultrasonic device was used to measure the sound velocities of longitudinal and shear waves as well as elastic modulus. The mean elastic modulus of bleached enamel decreased with time, from 15.5 GPa to 10.1 GPa. Conversely, the elastic modulus of bleached enamel followed by application of a fluoride-containing toothpaste increased with time, from 15.2 GPa to 20.2 GPa. Results of this study indicated that a decrease in elastic modulus associated with bleaching occurred, and that fluoride-containing toothpaste reversed this effect.
authors: Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
authors: Maki
authors: M
authors: Oshiro
authors: Hiroyasu
authors: H
authors: Kurokawa
authors: Susumu
authors: S
authors: Ando
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Irokawa
authors: Masashi
authors: M
authors: Miyazaki
authors: Jeffrey A
authors: JA
authors: Platt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004548:Elasticity / Q000187:drug effects; D005459:Fluorides / Q000494:pharmacology; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010545:Peroxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014073:Tooth Bleaching; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D016877:Oxidants; D010545:Peroxides; D014100:Toothpastes; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea; D005459:Fluorides