title: Low performance of the MSKCC nomogram in preoperatively ultrasonically negative axillary lymph node in breast cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to predict the nonsentinel lymph node (NSLN) metastases in sentinel lymph node (SLN) positive patients a nomogram was created at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre (MSKCC). The aim of our study was to validate the MSKCC nomogram in patients grouped by the preoperative ultrasound (US) examination of the axillary lymph nodes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The MSKCC nomogram was validated separately in three groups of patients: (US-0) only clinically preoperatively negative axillary lymph nodes (126 patients), (US-1) US negative axillary lymph nodes (109 patients), and (US-2) US suspicious but fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) negative axillary lymph nodes (41 patients).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The predicted probability underestimates the actual probability with the mean absolute error equal to 0.116 in the US-0 group (P = 0.003), and overestimates the actual probability (mean absolute error equal to 0.084) in US-1 group (P = 0.033) and US-2 group (mean absolute error is 0.110) (P = 0.275).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that the MSKCC nomogram overestimates the probability of the NSLN metastases in breast cancer patients with (i) preoperatively US negative or (ii) US suspicious, but FNAB negative axillary lymph nodes. We also found that MSKCC nomogram has only limited value in patients with only clinically negative axillary lymph nodes.
authors: Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. jzgajnar@onko-i.si
authors: Janez
authors: J
authors: Zgajnar
authors: Andraz
authors: A
authors: Perhavec
authors: Marko
authors: M
authors: Hocevar
authors: Maja
authors: M
authors: Podkrajsek
authors: Kristijana
authors: K
authors: Hertl
authors: Snjezana
authors: S
authors: Frkovic-Grazio
authors: Maja
authors: M
authors: Pohar
authors: Nikola
authors: N
authors: Besic
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001365:Axilla; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D002138:Calibration; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D049451:Nomograms; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D014463:Ultrasonography