title: Disrupted prediction-error signal in psychosis: evidence for an associative account of delusions.
abstract: Delusions are maladaptive beliefs about the world. Based upon experimental evidence that prediction error-a mismatch between expectancy and outcome--drives belief formation, this study examined the possibility that delusions form because of disrupted prediction--error processing. We used fMRI to determine prediction-error-related brain responses in 12 healthy subjects and 12 individuals (7 males) with delusional beliefs. Frontal cortex responses in the patient group were suggestive of disrupted prediction-error processing. Furthermore, across subjects, the extent of disruption was significantly related to an individual's propensity to delusion formation. Our results support a neurobiological theory of delusion formation that implicates aberrant prediction-error signalling, disrupted attentional allocation and associative learning in the formation of delusional beliefs.
authors: Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK.
authors: P R
authors: PR
authors: Corlett
authors: G K
authors: GK
authors: Murray
authors: G D
authors: GD
authors: Honey
authors: M R F
authors: MR
authors: Aitken
authors: D R
authors: DR
authors: Shanks
authors: T W
authors: TW
authors: Robbins
authors: E T
authors: ET
authors: Bullmore
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Dickinson
authors: P C
authors: PC
authors: Fletcher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001245:Association Learning; D001288:Attention; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D003702:Delusions / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents
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