Plant speciation.
Like the formation of animal species, plant speciation is characterized by the evolution of barriers to genetic exchange between previously interbreeding populations. Prezygotic barriers, which impede mating or fertilization between species, typically contribute more to total reproductive isolation in plants than do postzygotic barriers, in which hybrid offspring are selected against. Adaptive divergence in response to ecological factors such as pollinators and habitat commonly drives the evolution of prezygotic barriers, but the evolutionary forces responsible for the development of intrinsic postzygotic barriers are virtually unknown and frequently result in polymorphism of incompatibility factors within species. Polyploid speciation, in which the entire genome is duplicated, is particularly frequent in plants, perhaps because polyploid plants often exhibit ecological differentiation, local dispersal, high fecundity, perennial life history, and self-fertilization or asexual reproduction. Finally, species richness in plants is correlated with many biological and geohistorical factors, most of which increase ecological opportunities.
Rieseberg
Loren H
LH
Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. Lriesebe@interchange.ubc.ca
Willis
John H
JH
D000220:Adaptation, Biological; D005075:Biological Evolution; D017753:Ecosystem; D053476:Extinction, Biological; D049810:Genetic Speciation; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics*; D011123:Polyploidy; D012098:Reproduction
Science. 2003 Aug 29;301(5637):1211-6
12907807
Mol Ecol. 2007 Jul;16(14):2910-21
17614906
Heredity (Edinb). 2000 Apr;84 ( Pt 4):441-51
10849068
Genetics. 1998 Aug;149(4):2099-104
9691061
Heredity (Edinb). 2005 May;94(5):538-46
15770232
Mol Ecol. 2006 Apr;15(5):1405-18
16626462
Adv Genet. 1958;9:147-215
13520442
Evolution. 1987 May;41(3):571-578
28563792
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jan 24;103(4):972-5
16418291
Evolution. 2007 Jan;61(1):141-51
17300433
New Phytol. 2004 Jan;161(1):59-69
19079640
Am Nat. 2006 Jan;167(1):67-80
16475100
Nature. 2006 Mar 23;440(7083):524-7
16554818
Genetics. 2003 Jun;164(2):767-79
12807795
Nat Rev Genet. 2007 May;8(5):382-93
17404584
Science. 1969 Sep 19;165(3899):1228-32
5803535
Evolution. 1997 Aug;51(4):1079-1089
28565494
New Phytol. 2005 Feb;165(2):411-23
15720652
Evolution. 2005 Sep;59(9):1867-75
16261725
Ecol Lett. 2007 Apr;10(4):315-31
17355570
Genetics. 2006 Jun;173(2):965-74
16547097
J Hered. 2005 May-Jun;96(3):241-52
15618301
Genetics. 2005 Sep;171(1):291-303
16183908
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Oct 12;96(21):11910-5
10518550
Science. 2002 Apr 26;296(5568):744-7
11976458
Trends Ecol Evol. 2001 Jul 1;16(7):351-358
11403867
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Nov 6;98(23):13167-71
11698683
Mol Ecol. 2005 Apr;14(4):1121-32
15773940
Genome Res. 2006 Jun;16(6):738-49
16702410
Annu Rev Genet. 2000;34:401-437
11092833
Evolution. 2003 Jul;57(7):1520-34
12940357
Nature. 2007 Mar 15;446(7133):279-83
17361174
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Oct 9;98(21):12084-8
11593019
Plant J. 2007 Jan;49(2):217-27
17156410
Taxon. 2007 Aug;56(3):649-56
21082042
Mol Ecol. 2004 Jun;13(6):1341-56
15140081
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Sep 29;95(20):11757-62
9751738
Evolution. 2003 Sep;57(9):2001-11
14575322
Evolution. 2006 Jul;60(7):1372-81
16929654
Genetics. 2005 Jan;169(1):355-73
15466436
Genetics. 2006 May;173(1):419-34
16204214
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jul 5;103(27):10334-10339
16801546
Evolution. 2002 Nov;56(11):2138-55
12487345