title: Utility of 18F-FDG PET and contrast-enhanced CT scan in the assessment of residual liver metastasis from colorectal cancer following adjuvant chemotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been successfully used in the treatment of patients with colorectal liver metastases. The selection of patients for surgical resection after chemotherapy still poses a significant clinical challenge. (18)F-FDG PET is a useful tool in the assessment of liver metastases but the data regarding its sensitivity after chemotherapy is scarce. Our aim was to assess the value of this imaging modality in the selection of patients with colorectal liver metastasis for surgery following adjuvant chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the diagnostic performances of (18)F-FDG PET and contrast-enhanced CT scan data from patients with colorectal liver metastases following treatment with chemotherapy. Nineteen patients (12 males, 7 females; median age 61 years; range 41-79) were evaluated. Chemotherapy regimens were: FOLFOX (14 patients), FOLFIRI (3 patients), 5-FU/FA (1 patient) and UFT-irinotecan-oxaliplatin (1 patient). Median time between end of chemotherapy and CT scan was 3.4 weeks, between end of chemotherapy and PET was 5.9 weeks and between end of chemotherapy and surgery was 9.9 weeks. All patients underwent surgery and had histopathological confirmation of liver lesions. Nine patients had segmentectomy, 2 patients had wedge resection, 5 patients had right hepatectomy and 3 patients had explorative laparotomy with liver biopsies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from all 19 patients, comprising 65 liver lesions, were confirmed by histo-pathology. Results on a per-lesion basis showed a sensitivity of 62% for (18)F-FDG PET and 70% for CT scan. A complete agreement between (18)F-FDG PET or CT scan and histology was documented in 5 and 3 patients, respectively. The sensitivity of (18)F-FDG PET was shown to increase for lesions larger than 1 cm (74% vs. 18%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that (18)F-FDG PET and CT scan have sub-optimal sensitivity in the evaluation of colorectal liver lesions after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, especially for lesions < 1 cm. The combined use of the two imaging techniques does not significantly increase the sensitivity of lesion detection.
authors: Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas, Rozzano-Milano, Italy.
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: Carnaghi
authors: Maria Chiara
authors: MC
authors: Tronconi
authors: Lorenza
authors: L
authors: Rimassa
authors: Luca
authors: L
authors: Tondulli
authors: Monica
authors: M
authors: Zuradelli
authors: Marcello
authors: M
authors: Rodari
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Doci
authors: Fabio
authors: F
authors: Luttmann
authors: Guido
authors: G
authors: Torzilli
authors: Domenico
authors: D
authors: Rubello
authors: Adil
authors: A
authors: Al-Nahhas
authors: Armando
authors: A
authors: Santoro
authors: Arturo
authors: A
authors: Chiti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18