title: The structural characteristics and expression of neuropeptides in the esophagus of patients with congenital esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the structural characteristics and the expression of a group of neuropeptides in the esophagus of patients with congenital esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula (EA-TEF), as well to elucidate the roles of these neuropeptides in the pathogenesis of postoperative incoordination of esophagus after successful surgical repair of EA-TEF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four specimens from distal tracheoesophageal fistulas of patients with EA-TEF (EA-TEF group) and 10 esophageal specimens from neonates who died of nonesophageal diseases (control group) were studied. All of the specimens were subjected to routine pathologic study, ultrastructural observation, and immunohistochemical staining for neuron-specific enolase, substance P, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and nitric oxide synthase.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the EA-TEF group, mitochondria were distributed along the membrane of smooth muscle cell, whereas mitochondria in the control group were distributed along the karyotheca of the smooth muscle cells. The ratio of granulated vesicles to clear vesicles in the varicosity of the intramuscular motor nerve ending of the EA-TEF group (0.520 +/- 0.137) was much higher than that in the control group (0.192 +/- 0.020, P < .05). The percentages of specimens shown to have positive expression of neuron-specific enolase and substance P in the EA-TEF group (20.8% and 12.5%, respectively) were significantly lower than those in the control group (90% and 80% respectively, P < .05). The percentages of specimens shown to have positive expression of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and nitric oxide synthase in the EA-TEF group (83.3% and 75%, respectively) were significantly higher than that in the control group (30% and 10% respectively, P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Imbalance of neurotransmitters excretion in nerve vesicle, abnormal intrinsic dysplasia of nerve plexus and increased expression of certain neuropeptides were the main characteristics of esophagus with abnormal intrinsic innervation, which may be responsible for the postoperative esophageal dysfunction of EA-TEF.
authors: Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital, Medical Center of Fudan University (Former Shanghai Medical University), Shanghai 200032, PR China.
authors: Kai
authors: K
authors: Li
authors: Shan
authors: S
authors: Zheng
authors: Xianmin
authors: X
authors: Xiao
authors: Qihong
authors: Q
authors: Wang
authors: Yiming
authors: Y
authors: Zhou
authors: Lian
authors: L
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects; D004933:Esophageal Atresia / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D015154:Esophageal Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D004947:Esophagus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013373:Substance P / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014138:Tracheoesophageal Fistula / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D009479:Neuropeptides; D013373:Substance P; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase