title: Screening for cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease with the Parkinson neuropsychometric dementia assessment (PANDA) instrument.
abstract: Cognitive and affective dysfunctions are frequent but often neglected symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). We developed the screening tool Parkinson neuropsychometric dementia assessment (PANDA) with five cognitive tasks and a short depression questionnaire. Healthy subjects and patients without cognitive impairment (PD), mild cognitive disorder (PD-MCD), or dementia (PDD) were examined. The cognition part had a specificity of 91% and a sensitivity of 90% for PDD and 77% for PDD plus PD-MCD patients. The mood questionnaire also had high sensitivity and specificity. We conclude that the PANDA is an economical, easy-to-use and sensitive tool to detect neuropsychological dysfunctions in PD patients in clinical practice.
authors: Department of Neurology, University Hospital, University of Cologne, Germany. Elke.Kalbe@uk-koeln.de <Elke.Kalbe@uk-koeln.de>
authors: Elke
authors: E
authors: Kalbe
authors: Pasquale
authors: P
authors: Calabrese
authors: Nils
authors: N
authors: Kohn
authors: Rüdiger
authors: R
authors: Hilker
authors: Oliver
authors: O
authors: Riedel
authors: Hans-Ulrich
authors: HU
authors: Wittchen
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Dodel
authors: Jörg
authors: J
authors: Otto
authors: Georg
authors: G
authors: Ebersbach
authors: Josef
authors: J
authors: Kessler
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect; D000368:Aged; D001245:Association Learning; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D014706:Verbal Learning; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology