Kisspeptin in reproduction.
Although the functions of kisspeptin originally were believed to be restricted to metastasis suppression, a novel role for this protein was discovered in 2003. Loss-of-function mutations in its receptor, GPR54, were found to cause absence of puberty and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in humans. Mice with targeted deletions of GPR54 also have a hypogonadotropic phenotype, confirming the important role of this ligand-receptor family in the control of puberty and reproductive function. Since these discoveries, the peptide products of the KISS1 gene have been shown to be powerful stimulators of the gonadotropic axis. This review examines the role of kisspeptins and GPR54 in reproductive function.
Seminara
Stephanie B
SB
Harvard Reproductive Endocrine Sciences Center, Reproductive Endocrine Unit of the Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Fruit Stret, Boston, MA 02114, USA. seminara.stephanie@mgh.harvard.edu
D000818:Animals; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007006:Hypogonadism / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism; D059648:Kisspeptins; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011627:Puberty / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074502:Receptors, Kisspeptin-1; D012098:Reproduction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D006062:Gonadotropins; C106628:KISS1 protein, human; C118688:KISS1R protein, human; C491407:Kiss1 protein, mouse; C492248:Kiss1r protein, mouse; D059648:Kisspeptins; D011506:Proteins; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000074502:Receptors, Kisspeptin-1; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins