title: Syk tyrosine kinase is linked to cell motility and progression in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck.
abstract: Syk, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, is an important component of immunoreceptor signaling in hematopoietic cells. It has been implicated in key regulatory pathways including phosphoinositide 3-kinase and phospholipase Cgamma (PLCgamma) activation in B cells and integrin signaling in platelets and bronchial epithelial cells. Recently, potential roles in cancer have been reported. In breast cancers, reduced Syk expression was associated with invasion, and its overexpression in cell lines was shown to inhibit cell motility. In contrast, Syk has been shown to mediate chemomigration in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Its role in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN) has not yet been investigated. Syk mRNA and protein expression was detected in 6 of 10 SCCHN cell lines. When Syk was transfected into Syk-negative cells (SIHN-011A), chemomigration was enhanced in vitro and this was associated with activation of PLCgamma1. Conversely, abrogation of Syk activity by pharmacologic inhibition or small interfering RNA in HN6 cells with high levels of endogenous expression inhibited migration, haptotaxis, and engagement with matrix proteins; this was accompanied by decreased levels of phosphorylated AKT. Similar effects were seen in Syk-positive CAL 27 cells but not in Syk-negative SIHN-011A cells. Immunoprecipitation suggested co-association of Syk with epidermal growth factor receptor and GRB-2. Syk expression in SCCHN patient tissues was examined by semiquantitative real-time PCR (n = 45) and immunohistochemistry (n = 38) in two independent cohorts. Higher levels of Syk expression were observed in tumors and lymph node metastases relative to normal tissues. High Syk expression significantly correlated with worse survival and may be of prognostic value in SCCHN due to its potential role in cell migration and invasion.
authors: Tumour Biology and Metastasis Team, Cancer Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, McElwain Laboratories, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors: Sutima
authors: S
authors: Luangdilok
authors: Carol
authors: C
authors: Box
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Patterson
authors: William
authors: W
authors: Court
authors: Kevin
authors: K
authors: Harrington
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Pitkin
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Rhŷs-Evans
authors: Pornchai
authors: P
authors: O-charoenrat
authors: Suzanne
authors: S
authors: Eccles
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D002633:Chemotaxis; D018450:Disease Progression; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000072377:Syk Kinase; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C000606896:SYK protein, human; D000072377:Syk Kinase