title: Treatment of hypertension in children and adolescents.
abstract: The treatment of hypertension in children and adolescents has been markedly changed in recent years by several factors, including the publication of new consensus recommendations, the obesity epidemic, and the increased availability of information on efficacy and safety of antihypertensive medications in the young. In this review we present an updated approach to the outpatient management of hypertension in the child or adolescent, utilizing representative cases to illustrate important principles as well as possible controversies.
authors: Pediatric Nephrology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
authors: Marc B
authors: MB
authors: Lande
authors: Joseph T
authors: JT
authors: Flynn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
references: Pediatrics. 1997 Jun;99(6):904-8
references: 9190555
references: Kidney Int. 2002 Aug;62(2):648-53
references: 12110030
references: Am J Hypertens. 2004 Oct;17(10):928-35
references: 15485756
references: J Cardiometab Syndr. 2006 Summer;1(4):259-68
references: 17679805
references: Kidney Int. 2004 Aug;66(2):768-76
references: 15253732
references: JAMA. 2003 May 21;289(19):2560-72
references: 12748199
references: Hypertension. 2006 Jul;48(1):23-4
references: 16735645
references: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2003 Oct;14(10):2618-22
references: 14514740
references: Am J Kidney Dis. 1998 Nov;32(5):853-906
references: 9820460
references: Recent Prog Horm Res. 2004;59:225-44
references: 14749504
references: Pediatr Nephrol. 1998 May;12(4):328-37
references: 9655366
references: Am J Kidney Dis. 2007 Jan;49(1):12-26
references: 17185142
references: N Engl J Med. 2003 Sep 11;349(11):1064-75
references: 12968091
references: J Pediatr. 2002 Aug;141(2):191-7
references: 12183713
references: Pediatrics. 1997 Apr;99(4):637-8
references: 9093320
references: N Engl J Med. 2000 Nov 9;343(19):1409-11
references: 11070108
references: Pediatr Clin North Am. 2004 Oct;51(5):1401-20
references: 15331291
references: J Pediatr. 2002 Jun;140(6):660-6
references: 12072867
references: Int J Sports Med. 2000 Nov;21 Suppl 2:S94-6; discussion S97
references: 11142600
references: Am J Cardiol. 2006 May 8;97(9A):10-6
references: 16675317
references: Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2003 Aug;67(8):591-4
references: 14632309
references: Am J Kidney Dis. 2004 May;43(5 Suppl 1):S1-290
references: 15114537
references: J Hypertens. 2005 Oct;23(10):1777-81
references: 16148594
references: J Hypertens. 2001 Mar;19(3 Pt 2):523-8
references: 11327624
references: Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2005 Oct;12(4):378-84
references: 16198277
references: Pediatrics. 2004 Mar;113(3 Pt 1):475-82
references: 14993537
references: Circulation. 1996 Aug 1;94(3):483-9
references: 8759093
references: Am J Kidney Dis. 2002 Jan;39(1):209-11
references: 11774126
references: JAMA. 2002 Dec 18;288(23):2981-97
references: 12479763
references: Curr Sports Med Rep. 2003 Apr;2(2):79-83
references: 12831663
references: Ann Intern Med. 1995 Nov 15;123(10):754-62
references: 7574193
references: J Pediatr. 2006 Dec;149(6):746-54
references: 17137886
references: Pediatr Diabetes. 2006 Dec;7(6):311-21
references: 17212598
references: Pediatr Transplant. 2007 Jun;11(4):366-73
references: 17493215
references: Pediatr Cardiol. 1999 Jan-Feb;20(1):66-9; discussion 70
references: 9861083
references: Blood Press Monit. 2005 Dec;10(6):297-300
references: 16496441
references: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005 Apr 19;45(8):1346-8
references: 15837285
references: Hypertension. 1987 Feb;9(2 Pt 2):II2-5
references: 2948908
references: N Engl J Med. 2006 Jun 8;354(23):2443-51
references: 16760444
references: Circulation. 2006 Apr 18;113(15):1905-20
references: 16567564
references: Pediatr Nephrol. 2003 Feb;18(2):145-9
references: 12579404
references: Pediatr Nephrol. 2008 Jan;23(1):27-39
references: 17120060
references: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005 Apr 19;45(8):1364-7
references: 15837288
references: Growth Horm IGF Res. 2006 Jul;16 Suppl A:S84-90
references: 16698298
references: Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2004 Mar;13(2):155-61
references: 15202609
references: Am J Hypertens. 2007 Aug;20(8):875-82
references: 17679036
references: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Mar;90(3):1871-87
references: 15598688
references: Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2004 Jul;11(3):319-27
references: 15241746
references: Lancet. 2003 Jan 11;361(9352):117-24
references: 12531578
references: N Engl J Med. 2002 Feb 7;346(6):393-403
references: 11832527
references: Pediatrics. 2006 Jun;117(6):e1111-8
references: 16682491
references: Am J Hypertens. 2002 Feb;15(2 Pt 2):50S-52S
references: 11866230
references: JAMA. 2003 Nov 5;290(17):2277-83
references: 14600186
references: Pediatr Nephrol. 2005 Jun;20(6):791-7
references: 15809834
references: Am J Kidney Dis. 2001 Jul;38(1):18-25
references: 11431176
references: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004 May 19;43(10):1817-22
references: 15145106
references: Metabolism. 2006 Jul;55(7):871-8
references: 16784957
references: Adolesc Med Clin. 2006 Oct;17(3):719-31; abstract xii
references: 17030288
references: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004 Mar;36(3):533-53
references: 15076798
references: Clin J Sport Med. 1996 Jan;6(1):52-5
references: 8925367
references: Pediatr Nephrol. 2006 Dec;21(12):1824-9
references: 17039334