title: TORO: ninety-six-week virologic and immunologic response and safety evaluation of enfuvirtide with an optimized background of antiretrovirals.
abstract: The additional 48-week optional treatment extension of the T-20 versus Optimized Regimen Only (TORO) studies evaluated long-term safety and efficacy of enfuvirtide (ENF) through week 96 in patients receiving ENF plus optimized background (OB) and patients switching to ENF plus OB from OB alone. Patient randomization was 2:1 to ENF plus OB (n = 663) and OB (n = 334), of which 89.7% and 89.8% were male, 89.3% and 88.6% were Caucasian, and median age was 41 and 42 years, respectively. HIV risk factors were comparable between the ENF plus OB and OB groups with the major factors being 65.2% versus 66.2% homosexual contact, 17.8% versus 19.8% heterosexual contact, 4.1% versus 4.8% bisexual contact, respectively, and 6.9% injection drug use in both groups. OB patients were allowed to switch to ENF plus OB at virologic failure before week 48 and required to switch at week 48 to continue in the study (n = 230). Efficacy and safety assessments were conducted for each group. At week 96, 55% of ENF plus OB subjects completed the study and 26.5% achieved a viral load of less than 400 copies per milliliter (17.5% achieved less than 50 copies per milliliter). Viral load and CD4 mean change from baseline was -2.1 and -1.1 log(10) HIV-1-RNA copies per milliliter and +166 and +116 CD4 cells/mm(3) for ENF plus OB and switch patients, respectively. No new ENF-related safety issues emerged in weeks 48-96. Injection site reactions led to discontinuation in 7% and 10% of ENF plus OB and switch patients, respectively. In conclusion, these data demonstrate durable efficacy and safety of ENF over 96 weeks and that early use of ENF in combination with other agents for the treatment of antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected subjects is beneficial.
authors: Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHU Montpellier, France. j-reynes@chu-montpellier.fr
authors: Jacques
authors: J
authors: Reynes
authors: Keikawus
authors: K
authors: Arastéh
authors: Bonaventura
authors: B
authors: Clotet
authors: Calvin
authors: C
authors: Cohen
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Cooper
authors: Jean-François
authors: JF
authors: Delfraissy
authors: Joseph J
authors: JJ
authors: Eron
authors: Keith
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authors: Henry
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authors: Katlama
authors: Daniel R
authors: DR
authors: Kuritzkes
authors: Jacob P
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authors: Lalezari
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authors: Lange
authors: Adriano
authors: A
authors: Lazzarin
authors: Julio S G
authors: JS
authors: Montaner
authors: Mark
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authors: Nelson
authors: Mary
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authors: O' Hearn
authors: Hans-Jürgen
authors: HJ
authors: Stellbrink
authors: Benoit
authors: B
authors: Trottier
authors: Sharon L
authors: SL
authors: Walmsley
authors: Neil E
authors: NE
authors: Buss
authors: Ralph
authors: R
authors: Demasi
authors: Jain
authors: J
authors: Chung
authors: Lucille
authors: L
authors: Donatacci
authors: Denise
authors: D
authors: Guimaraes
authors: Lucy
authors: L
authors: Rowell
authors: Adeline
authors: A
authors: Valentine
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authors: Wilkinson
authors: Miklos P
authors: MP
authors: Salgo
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D000077560:Enfuvirtide; D005260:Female; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023581:HIV Fusion Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41; D023581:HIV Fusion Inhibitors; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012367:RNA, Viral; D000077560:Enfuvirtide