Biodegradation of ethametsulfuron-methyl by Pseudomonas sp. SW4 isolated from contaminated soil.
A soil bacterium SW4, capable of degrading the sulfonylurea herbicide ethametsulfuron-methyl (ESM), was isolated from the bottom soil of a herbicide factory. Based on physiological characteristics, biochemical tests and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, the strain was identified as a Pseudomonas sp. The total degradation of ESM in the medium containing glucose was up to 84.6% after 6 days of inoculation with SW4 strain. The inoculation of strain SW4 to soil treated with ESM resulted in a higher degradation rate than in noninoculated soil regardless of the soil sterilized or nonsterilized. Five metabolites of ESM degradation were analyzed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Based on the identified products, strain SW4 seemed to degrade ESM after two separate and different pathways: one leads to the cleavage of the sulfonylurea bridge, whereas the other to the dealkylation and opening of the triazine ring of ESM.
Li-feng
Gu
G
Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Peoples Republic of China.
Jian-dong
Jiang
J
Xiao-hui
Li
L
Ali
Shinawar Waseem
SW
Shun-peng
Li
L
D001565:Benzoates / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010802:Phylogeny; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D014227:Triazines / Q000378:metabolism*
D001565:Benzoates; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014227:Triazines; C413983:methyl 2-(((((4-ethoxy-6-(methylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino)carbonyl)amino)sulfonyl)benzoate
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