[Retinal pigment epithelium--desferal].
Deferoxamine mesylate (Desferal) is a chelating agent used in hemosiderosis and aluminium overload consecutive to renal dialysis. This drug is the most efficacious for treating iron overload but is associated with ocular toxicity: dose and duration related symptomatic optic neuropathy on the one hand, reversible if treatment stopped, and acute retinal involvement followed by irreversible paucisymptomatic pigmentary changes on the other hand. Toxic risk factors are intravenous mode of administration, high doses, small iron or aluminium overload, diabetes and young age. Hence, dosis should be adapted to the amount of overload and ophthalmological follow-up should be instaured. Indeed, if treatment is stopped at the beginning of the toxic effect, ocular involvement is reversible. The baseline ophthalmological examination should include visual acuity measurement, color vision, visual fields, slit lamp and fundus. In case of risk factors, electrophysiology and fluoangiography should be added.
Roulez
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Service d'Ophtalmologie, H.U.D.E.R.F.F Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles. francoise.roulez@huderf.be
D000818:Animals; D003676:Deferoxamine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D019190:Iron Overload / Q000188:drug therapy; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D017262:Siderophores / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity; D015351:Vision Screening
D017262:Siderophores; D003676:Deferoxamine