Immunotherapy for prostate cancer using antigen-loaded antigen-presenting cells: APC8015 (Provenge).
Dendritic cells are deficient both in number and function in patients with cancer. Loaded dendritic cell therapies aim to overcome this deficiency by delivering antigens to antigen-presenting cells under ex vivo conditions, improving dendritic cell function. APC8015 (Provenge; Dendreon Corp., Seattle, WA) is a novel immunotherapeutic, which consists of autologous dendritic cells pulsed ex vivo with PA2024, a recombinant fusion protein consisting of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and prostatic acid phosphatase, as an immunogenic agent. A Phase III randomized clinical trial has demonstrated a survival benefit in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer. This review summarizes the clinical trials using APC8015 in prostate cancer and discusses its future role in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Harzstark
Andrea L
AL
University of California, Department of Medicine, Urologic Oncology 231, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
Small
Eric J
EJ
D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D014020:Tissue Extracts; C511774:sipuleucel-T; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen