title: Botulinum toxin therapy in the ovalbumin-sensitized rat.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine whether intranasal administration of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) could relieve the typical symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR) and alter substance P (SP)- and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-immunoreactive (IR) expression in nasal mucosa of AR animals sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA).
  
  
  METHODS
  AR was induced by intraperitoneal injection of OVA followed by its repeated intranasal instillation in female Wistar rats. Some AR animals were intranasally treated with a cotton strip containing BTX-A (10 U per nostril) for 1 h. After BTX-A treatment, OVA was repeatedly instilled in AR and AR + BTX-A groups every 2 days for 10 days. Subsequently, nasal symptoms were evaluated, and nasal secretions collected. Finally, the nasal mucosae of all animals were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical assessment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BTX-A administration alleviated typical AR symptoms including rhinorrhea, nasal itching and sneezing, and subsequent intranasal repeated challenge with OVA did not trigger AR symptoms. After BTX-A treatment, inflammatory histological characteristics within the nasal mucosa of AR animals were absent, but atrophy of serous glands was observed. BTX-A decreased dense SP-IR and VIP-IR cells and fibers within and beneath the epithelium, around blood vessels and close to serous glands in AR animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local BTX-A treatment is an effective method to reduce AR symptoms. BTX-A decreased the excessive SP-IR and VIP-IR expression induced by OVA. Therefore, BTX-A may affect the nasal mucosa via the suppression of neuropeptides, playing a major role in autonomous mucosal innervation in the pathophysiology of AR.
authors: School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China.
authors: Wei-Dong
authors: WD
authors: Wen
authors: Fang
authors: F
authors: Yuan
authors: Jian-Lin
authors: JL
authors: Wang
authors: Yi-Ping
authors: YP
authors: Hou
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013373:Substance P / Q000187:drug effects; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D013373:Substance P; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D010047:Ovalbumin; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A