title: Tracing hepatitis C and Delta viruses to estimate their contribution in HCC rates in Mongolia.
abstract: An estimated incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Mongolia is currently one of the highest in the world. According to previous reports, the sero-prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses in general population of the country is very high (HBV, 10% and HCV, 15%, respectively). Moreover, the majority (75-100%) of the HBV-infected individuals have co-infection with hepatitis Delta virus (HDV). Despite reported observations that HBV + HDV/HCV co-infection have significantly stronger association with HCC when compared with HCV-monoinfection, the later is still frequently observed among Mongolian HCC patients (39%). In this study, an approach based on principles of population genetics and mathematical epidemiology was used to trace an epidemic history of HCV and HDV. In agreement with the sero-epidemiological and social-historical background of the country, the results have demonstrated that the viruses had different epidemic dynamics in Mongolia; HCV was characterized by earlier epidemic expansion, whereas HDV spread with approximately 50 years lag. This may explain the comparable contribution of the HCV-monoinfection and HBV + HDV co-infection in current HCC rate despite different levels of risk of carcinogenesis. Used approach is useful in evaluation of current and prospective disease burden.
authors: Department of Clinical Molecular Informative Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Kurbanov
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Tanaka
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Elkady
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Oyunsuren
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Mizokami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D003699:Hepatitis D / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D003698:Hepatitis Delta Virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008986:Mongolia / Q000453:epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny