title: Primary cutting balloon angioplasty for treatment of venous stenoses in native hemodialysis fistulas: long-term results from three centers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the technical success and patency rates following primary cutting balloon angioplasty for venous stenoses in native dialysis fistulas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one patients (26 men, 15 women; age range 26-82 years, average age 59 years) underwent 50 (repeat procedures in 9 patients) primary cutting balloon (PCB) angioplasty procedures in three institutions by three primary operators. The indication was primary stenosis in 21 patients, recurrent lesions in 15, and immature fistulas in 5. A PCB was used alone in 17 cases, but was followed by a larger standard balloon in 33 cases. Follow-up included ultrasound, flow analysis and urea reduction ratio, and ranged from 2 to 30 months (mean 14 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The technical success rate was 98%. All procedures were relatively painless. Two PCBs burst and 4 leaked, but without causing any morbidity. Nineteen fistulas were still working at last follow-up. Primary patency rates at 6, 12, and 24 months using Kaplan-Meier analysis were 88%, 73%, and 34%, respectively, and the primary assisted patencies were 90%, 75%, and 50%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PCB angioplasty has high technical success and low complication rates. The long-term patency rates are favorable for PCB angioplasty and compare favorably with other series.
authors: Department of Clinical Radiology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee DD19SY, UK. raj.bhat@nhs.net
authors: Rajesh
authors: R
authors: Bhat
authors: Kieran
authors: K
authors: McBride
authors: Sam
authors: S
authors: Chakraverty
authors: Raghunandan
authors: R
authors: Vikram
authors: Alison
authors: A
authors: Severn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000379:methods*; D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional; D014654:Vascular Patency