title: The role and mechanism of fatty acids in gallstones.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cholelithiasis is a common entity in China, but its etiology and pathogenesis have not been fully elucidated. Pigment stones of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct still form a high proportion in China, while they are rare in Europeans. To date, reports on fatty acids in stones remain few. We analyzed the quantity of fatty acids in different stones from Chinese and Japanese cases and discussed the role and mechanism of fatty acids in the formation of pigment stones.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical data from 18 Chinese and 37 Japanese patients with different types of stones were analyzed using the procedure for extracting fatty acids from gallstones and high performance liquid chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total fatty acid and free fatty acid contents of pigment stones were markedly higher than those in black or cholesterol stones. The ratio of free saturated to free unsaturated fatty acids was highest in intrahepatic and less in extrahepatic pigment stones, which were significantly different from the other two kinds of stones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This indicates that phospholipase participates in the course of pigment stone formation. The action of phospholipase A1 is more important than phospholipase A2.
authors: Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China. wushuodong@yahoo.com.cn
authors: Shuo-Dong
authors: SD
authors: Wu
authors: Kazuhisa
authors: K
authors: Uchiyama
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Fan
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D042882:Gallstones / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007850:Lauric Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D054466:Phospholipases A1 / Q000378:metabolism; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000378:metabolism; D013229:Stearic Acids / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D007850:Lauric Acids; D013229:Stearic Acids; C030358:lauric acid; C031183:stearic acid; D002784:Cholesterol; D054466:Phospholipases A1; D054467:Phospholipases A2