Mitochondrial oxygen sensing: regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor by mitochondrial generated reactive oxygen species.
Decreased oxygen availability (hypoxia) promotes physiological processes such as energy metabolism, angiogenesis, cell proliferation and cell viability through the transcription factor HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor). Activation of HIF can also promote pathophysiological processes such as cancer and pulmonary hypertension. The mechanism(s) by which hypoxia activates HIF are the subject of intensive research. In this chapter we outline the model in which mitochondria regulate the stability of HIF through the increased production of ROS (reactive oxygen species) during hypoxia.
Bell
Eric L
EL
Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Chandel
Navdeep S
NS
D000818:Animals; D004579:Electron Transport; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D010100:Oxygen