title: Novel synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles for free radical scavenging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this article is to present a novel synthetic route to form CeO(2) nanoparticles that protects against the detrimental influence of oxidative stress in mammalian cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The noncytotoxic surfactant lecithin was used to synthesize CeO(2) nanoparticles and the products were colloidally stabilized in a biocompatible tri-sodium citrate buffer. These nanoparticles were delivered into murine insulinoma betaTC-tet cells, and intracellular free radical concentrations responding to exposure to hydroquinone were measured in a variety of extracellular CeO(2) concentrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Well-dispersed, highly crystallized CeO(2) nanoparticles of 3.7 nm in size were achieved that are chemically and colloidally stable in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium for extended periods of time. Treating betaTC-tet cells with these nanoparticles alleviated detrimental intracellular free radical levels down to the primary level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CeO(2) nanoparticles synthesized from this route are demonstrated to be effective free radical scavengers within betaTC-tet cells. Furthermore, it is shown that CeO(2) nanoparticles provide an effective means to improve cellular survival in settings wherein cell loss due to oxidative stress limits native function.
authors: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
authors: Yi-Yang
authors: YY
authors: Tsai
authors: Jose
authors: J
authors: Oca-Cossio
authors: Kristina
authors: K
authors: Agering
authors: Nicholas E
authors: NE
authors: Simpson
authors: Mark A
authors: MA
authors: Atkinson
authors: Clive H
authors: CH
authors: Wasserfall
authors: Ioannis
authors: I
authors: Constantinidis
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Sigmund
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002563:Cerium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods; D015195:Drug Design; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D007340:Insulinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002563:Cerium; C030583:ceric oxide