title: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene polymorphism correlates with cardiovascular disease in patients with end-stage renal disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) is a potent proinflammatory cytokine. Through its effects on lipid metabolism and endothelial function, TNFalpha is involved in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We have studied two polymorphisms in the promoter region of the TNFalpha gene (TNF -308G/A and TNF -238G/A) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with and without CVD. The aim was to assess the association of these polymorphisms with ESRD and cardiovascular comorbidity in hemodialyzed patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 603 patients with ESRD treated with hemodialysis (382 patients with CVD) and 325 healthy control subjects were genotyped for the TNF -308G/A and TNF -238G/A ploymorphisms by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The A allele of the TNF -308 polymorphism was more frequent in the ESRD group than in control individuals. The odds ratio (OR) for the risk allele was 2.05 (95% CI 1.48, 2.84). In the subgroup of ESRD patients with CVD, the OR was 5.76 (95% CI 3.67, 9.03) relative to ESRD patients without CVD. There was no association observed between the TNF -238 polymorphism and renal failure or CVD in ESRD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate for the first time that the A allele of the TNF -308 polymorphism is associated with CVD in hemodialyzed ESRD patients. If confirmed in prospective studies, it may be a predictor of increased susceptibility to CVD in these patients.
authors: Laboratory for DNA Analysis and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Nephrology, Skubiszewski Medical University, Lublin, Poland. monika.buraczynska@am.lublin.pl
authors: Monika
authors: M
authors: Buraczynska
authors: Piotr
authors: P
authors: Mierzicki
authors: Kinga
authors: K
authors: Buraczynska
authors: Michał
authors: M
authors: Dragan
authors: Andrzej
authors: A
authors: Ksiazek
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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