title: Recurrence and prognostic factors of ampullary carcinoma after radical resection: comparison with distal extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ampullary carcinoma is often considered to have a better prognosis than distal extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. However, studies that directly compare the recurrence and histopathological features between the two groups are rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinicopathologic factors and the long-term outcomes of 163 patients with ampullary carcinoma after radical resection were retrospectively evaluated and compared with those of 91 patients with distal extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 163 ampullary carcinomas, T1 stage, well-differentiated tumors and perineural invasion were 45 (28%), 73 (45%), and 23 (14%), respectively, whereas, only five (6%) were T1 stage, 15 (17%) were well differentiated, and 63 (69%) showed perineural invasion (p < 0.001, for all) in distal extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. More patients with distal extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma had liver metastasis than ampullary carcinoma (24% vs. 10%, p = 0.004). Multivariate analysis identified venous invasion and perineural invasion as risk factors for recurrence of ampullary carcinoma after radical resection. Only lymph node involvement was identified as a risk factor for recurrence of distal extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by multivariate analysis. Overall five-year survival of patients with ampullary cancer was higher than that of patients with distal extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (68% vs. 54%; p = 0.033). In patients without lymph node metastasis, a significant difference in survival was also observed between the two groups (p = 0.049).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Earlier diagnosis and the less frequent occurrence of pathological factors associated with tumor invasiveness in ampullary carcinoma than in distal extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma may explain its association with a better prognosis.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea (ROK).
authors: Sang Myung
authors: SM
authors: Woo
authors: Ji Kon
authors: JK
authors: Ryu
authors: Sang Hyub
authors: SH
authors: Lee
authors: Ji Won
authors: JW
authors: Yoo
authors: Joo Kyung
authors: JK
authors: Park
authors: Yong-Tae
authors: YT
authors: Kim
authors: Jin-Young
authors: JY
authors: Jang
authors: Sun-Whe
authors: SW
authors: Kim
authors: Gyeong Hoon
authors: GH
authors: Kang
authors: Yong Bum
authors: YB
authors: Yoon
mesh_terms: D014670:Ampulla of Vater / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D017734:Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003138:Common Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome