title: No supra-additive effects of goserelin and radiotherapy on clonogenic survival of prostate carcinoma cells in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oncological results of radiotherapy for locally advanced prostate cancer (PC) are significantly improved by simultaneous application of LHRH analoga (e.g. goserelin). As 85% of PC express LHRH receptors, we investigated the interaction of goserelin incubation with radiotherapy under androgen-deprived conditions in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  LNCaP and PC-3 cells were stained for LHRH receptors. Downstream the LHRH receptor, changes in protein expression of c-fos, phosphorylated p38 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 were analyzed by means of Western blotting after incubation with goserelin and irradiation with 4 Gy. Both cell lines were incubated with different concentrations of goserelin in hormone-free medium. 12 h later cells were irradiated (0 - 4 Gy) and after 12 h goserelin was withdrawn. Endpoints were clonogenic survival and cell viability (12 h, 36 h and 60 h after irradiation).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both tested cell lines expressed LHRH-receptors. Changes in protein expression demonstrated the functional activity of goserelin in the tested cell lines. Neither in LNCaP nor in PC-3 any significant effects of additional goserelin incubation on clonogenic survival or cell viability for all tested concentrations in comparison to radiation alone were seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinically observed increase in tumor control after combination of goserelin with radiotherapy in PC cannot be attributed to an increase in radiosensitivity of PC cells by goserelin in vitro.
authors: Department of Radiotherapy, University hospital, Göttingen, Germany. ro.hermann@t-online.de
authors: Robert M
authors: RM
authors: Hermann
authors: Dag
authors: D
authors: Schwarten
authors: Stefanie
authors: S
authors: Fister
authors: Carsten
authors: C
authors: Grundker
authors: Margret
authors: M
authors: Rave-Frank
authors: Mirko
authors: M
authors: Nitsche
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Hille
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Thelen
authors: Heinz
authors: H
authors: Schmidberger
authors: Hans
authors: H
authors: Christiansen
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