title: Colloidal dispersions of tannins in water-ethanol solutions.
abstract: The molecular interactions of grape-seed tannins dissolved in water-ethanol solutions have been studied through small angle neutron scattering, light scattering, and physical separation techniques. Through selective precipitation in different solvent mixtures, three populations of tannin macromolecules have been identified: T1 (2% of the total tannin), which forms colloidal particles when the ethanol content of the solvent is brought below phiA = 0.6; T2a (33% of the tannin), which phase-separates below phiA = 0.08 in ionic conditions that are typical of wine; and T2b (65% of the tannin), which remains in solution regardless of ethanol content. Each population remains molecularly dissolved (i.e., it does not form any association structures such as stacks or micelles) until the threshold where dense colloidal particles are formed through nucleation and growth. The colloidal dispersions are metastable, due to the adsorption of organic acids on the particle surfaces; increasing ionic strength and reducing ethanol content cause the loss of this metastability and the aggregation of the particles.
authors: Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies, CNRS UMR 7589, Universités Paris 7 et Paris 6, 4 place Jussieu, BP 126, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France. drazen@lpthe.jussieu.fr
authors: Drazen
authors: D
authors: Zanchi
authors: Aude
authors: A
authors: Vernhet
authors: Céline
authors: C
authors: Poncet-Legrand
authors: Damien
authors: D
authors: Cartalade
authors: Christophe
authors: C
authors: Tribet
authors: Ralf
authors: R
authors: Schweins
authors: Bernard
authors: B
authors: Cabane
mesh_terms: D002498:Centrifugation; D003102:Colloids; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D012996:Solutions; D013634:Tannins / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids; D012996:Solutions; D013634:Tannins; D014867:Water; D000431:Ethanol