title: Nuclear factor-kappaB1: regulation and function.
abstract: The transcription factor NF-kappaB is a critical regulator of many cellular processes including cell survival and inflammation. NF-kappaB functions as a hetero- or homo-dimer which can be formed from five NF-kappaB subunits, NF-kappaB1 (p50 and its precursor p105), NF-kappaB2 (p52 and its precursor p100), RelA (p65), RelB and c-Rel. The most studied dimer is p50:p65, which is activated by the classical pathway and usually promotes gene expression. Activation of p50:p65 is linked with cell survival and promoting inflammation. This review provides a detailed overview of the structure, synthesis and function of the lesser characterised NF-kappaB subunit; NF-kappaB1 (p105 and p50). The diverse interactions of NF-kappaB1 with co-activators, co-repressors and other signaling networks that influence NF-kappaB1 gene expression are discussed. Finally the anti-inflammatory actions of NF-kappaB1 signaling will be assessed and the crucial need to design novel therapeutic drugs which exploit and amplify the anti-inflammatory actions of p50 will be explored.
authors: Liver Research Group, Institute of cellular Medicine, 4th Floor catherine Cookson Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
authors: Silvia Gaspar
authors: SG
authors: Pereira
authors: Fiona
authors: F
authors: Oakley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019281:Dimerization; D006801:Humans; D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit