Molecular analysis in combination with iodine staining may contribute to the risk prediction of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
OBJECTIVE
Mucosal iodine staining has improved the detection of precancerous lesions of the esophagus. However, this method is unable to exactly evaluate the risk status of the lesions. In the present study, we conducted a molecular analysis combining the iodine staining in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) and different premalignant lesions of the esophagus in order to improve the early diagnosis of ESCC.


METHODS
Tumorous and precancerous lesions were procured as iodine-unstained areas in the resected specimens of ESCC patients by means of Lugol's iodine staining. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was detected with 35 microsatellite markers frequently reported to be deleted in ESCC. The markers with high frequency of LOH in tumorous and precancerous lesions of the same patient were subjected to further detection in iodine-unstained biopsy samples from the population screening in ESCC high-incidence region.


RESULTS
Common alterations were observed at D3S3644, D3S1768, D3S3040, D3S4542, RPL14, D9S169, D13S171 and D13S263 in both cancer tissues and precancerous lesions around tumors. Interestingly, D3S3644, D3S1768, D3S3040, D3S4542, RPL14 and D13S263 were also found with high frequency of LOH in iodine-staining abnormal lesions from the population screening. Most importantly, LOH frequency increased with histological severity.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest that detection of these six markers in combination with iodine staining might contribute to the prediction for the risk of ESCC development and for the diagnosis of patients in preclinical and preneoplastic phase of the disease.
He
Shun
S
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), PUMC, CAMS, P.O. Box 2258, Beijing 100021, China.
Guo
Guang-Ming
GM
Liu
Fu-Xing
FX
Huang
Xiao-Ping
XP
Xu
Xin
X
Cai
Yan
Y
Han
Ya-Ling
YL
Zhan
Qi-Min
QM
Wu
Min
M
Dong
Jin-Tang
JT
Wang
Gui-Qi
GQ
Wang
Ming-Rong
MR
D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D004396:Coloring Agents; D018450:Disease Progression; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D007454:Iodides; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D013194:Staining and Labeling
D004396:Coloring Agents; D007454:Iodides; C010389:Lugol's solution
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