title: CXCR4 chemokine receptor engagement modifies integrin dependent adhesion of renal carcinoma cells.
abstract: The mechanisms leading to renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastasis are incompletely understood. Although evidence shows that the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand CXCL12 may regulate tumor dissemination, their role in RCC is not clearly defined. We examined CXCR4 expression and functionality on RCC cell lines, and explored CXCL12-triggered tumor adhesion to human endothelium (HUVEC) or extracellular matrix proteins. Functional CXCR4 was expressed on A498 tumor cells, enabling them to migrate towards a CXCL12 gradient. CXCR4 engagement by CXCL12 induced elevated cell adhesion to HUVEC, to immobilized fibronectin, laminin or collagen. Anti-CXCR4 antibodies or CXCR4 knock down by siRNA applied prior to CXCL12 stimulation impaired CXCL12-triggered tumor adhesion. However, blocking CXCR4 subsequent to CXCL12 stimulation did not. This pointed to an indirect control of tumor cell adhesion by CXCR4. In fact, CXCR4 engagement by CXCL12 also induced alterations of receptors of the integrin family, notably alpha3, alpha5, beta1 and beta3 subunits, and blocking beta1 integrins with a function-blocking antibody prevented CXCL12-induced A498 adhesion. Focal adhesion kinase (total and activated) and integrin-linked kinase significantly increased in CXCL12-treated A498 cells, accompanied by a distinct up-regulation of ERK1/2, JNK and p38 phosphorylation. Therefore, CXCR4 may be crucial in controlling adhesion of A498 cells via cross talking with integrin receptors. These data show that CXCR4 receptors contribute to RCC dissemination and may provide a novel link between CXCR4 chemokine receptor expression and integrin triggered RCC adhesion to the vascular wall and subendothelial matrix components.
authors: Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Zentrum der Chirurgie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors: Jon
authors: J
authors: Jones
authors: Dana
authors: D
authors: Marian
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Weich
authors: Tobias
authors: T
authors: Engl
authors: Steffen
authors: S
authors: Wedel
authors: Borna
authors: B
authors: Relja
authors: Dietger
authors: D
authors: Jonas
authors: Roman A
authors: RA
authors: Blaheta
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000502:physiology*; D002633:Chemotaxis; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000378:metabolism; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019012:Integrin beta1; D016023:Integrins; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4