title: Preparation and evaluation of ketorolac tromethamine gel containing genipin for periodontal diseases.
abstract: Ketorolac tromethamine gel (KT gel) and ketorolac tromethamine gel containing genipin (KTG gel) were prepared and their therapeutic effects on periodontitis were evaluated. The skin permeation rate of ketorolac from the KT gel and KTG gel was 5.75+/-0.53 and 5.82 +/- 0.74 microg/cm2/ h, respectively. The skin permeation rate of genipin from the KTG gel was 10.13 +/- 1.47 microg/ cm2/h. The tensile strength of the KTG gel was larger than the KT gel. After 4 weeks, the periodontal pocket depth of the KTG gel group (3.22 +/- 0.20 mm) significantly decreased compared with the non-treated group (4.50 +/- 0.25 mm) and the KT group (3.84 +/- 00.26 mm). The KTG gel did not induce separation of the stratum corneum and subcutaneous tissue, and the collagen layers of the corium were closer, more fibrous, and showed longer connections than in the other groups. The KTG gel appears to be effective against gingivitis in the periodontal pocket through its increased anti-inflammatory activity and the crosslinking of genipin with the biological tissue.
authors: College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju 565-701, Korea.
authors: Jeon-Heon
authors: JH
authors: Yang
authors: Mi-Young
authors: MY
authors: Yun
authors: Dae-Keun
authors: DK
authors: Kim
authors: Mi-Jeong
authors: MJ
authors: Kim
authors: Young-Il
authors: YI
authors: Kim
authors: Tae-Youl
authors: TY
authors: Kim
authors: Kyu-Ho
authors: KH
authors: Yang
authors: Sang-Chul
authors: SC
authors: Shin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004339:Drug Compounding; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D057889:Iridoid Glycosides; D039823:Iridoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D008875:Middle Aged; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D005782:Gels; D057889:Iridoid Glycosides; D039823:Iridoids; D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; C007834:genipin