title: Female relatives or friends trained as labor doulas: outcomes at 6 to 8 weeks postpartum.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Data collected on more than 12,000 women in 15 randomized controlled trials provide robust evidence of the beneficial effects of doula support on medical outcomes to childbirth. The objective of this paper was to examine the association between doula support and maternal perceptions of the infant, self, and support from others at 6 to 8 weeks postpartum. The doula was a minimally trained close female relative or friend.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six hundred low-risk, nulliparous women were enrolled in the original clinical trial and randomized to doula support (n = 300) or standard care (n = 300). The mother-to-be and her doula attended two 2-hour classes about providing nonmedical, continuous support to laboring women. For the secondary study, presented here, research participants (N = 494) were interviewed by telephone using a 42-item questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, when doula-supported mothers (n = 229) were compared with mothers who received standard care (n = 265), they were more likely to report positive prenatal expectations about childbirth and positive perceptions of their infants, support from others, and self-worth. Doula-supported mothers were also most likely to have breastfed and to have been very satisfied with the care they received at the hospital.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Labor support by a minimally trained female friend or relative, selected by the mother-to-be, enhances the postpartum well-being of nulliparous mothers and their infants, and is a low-cost alternative to professional doulas.
authors: Graduate Division, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
authors: Della
authors: D
authors: Campbell
authors: Kathryn D
authors: KD
authors: Scott
authors: Marshall H
authors: MH
authors: Klaus
authors: Michele
authors: M
authors: Falk
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D033062:Friends; D006801:Humans; D007743:Labor, Obstetric / Q000523:psychology*; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D009515:New Jersey; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires