title: The role of surgery and fluoroquinolones in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
abstract: METHODS
  Although modern tuberculosis treatment relies on chemotherapy, surgery is accepted as adjuvant treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of resectional surgery and fluoroquinolones on long-term treatment success and survival in a large group of MDR-TB cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 252 patients with MDR-TB were included in this retrospective cohort study. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine independent predictive factors for long-term treatment success, and survival analyses were done based on different treatment approaches with or without surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the study cohort was 37.9 +/- 12.5 years; 204 (80%) were males. Long-term treatment success was associated with resistance to fewer drugs, female sex, younger age and limited disease. Sixty-six patients (26.2%) had undergone resectional surgery after 2-16 months of treatment. The highest long-term treatment success and survival rates were achieved in patients who both received fluoroquinolones and underwent surgery (P = 0.001 vs. other groups).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the treatment success rate was higher in patients treated with surgery and fluoroquinolones compared to other groups, an additional significant benefit from surgery could not be demonstrated. Larger scale studies are needed to clarify this issue.
authors: Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Süreyyapaşa Centre for Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey. tulaytorun@superonline.com
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Törün
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Tahaoğlu
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Ozmen
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Sevim
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Ataç
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Kir
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Güngör
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Bölükbaşi
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Maden
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016015:Logistic Models; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones