title: Improved poststorage cardiac function by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition: role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Akt pathway.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP) has been shown to be effective in minimizing cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury. We investigated the cardioprotective effect of the PARP inhibitor, INO-1153, in isolated working rat hearts after 6 hr of hypothermic storage in Celsior.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hearts were treated with 1 muM INO-1153 before hypothermic storage, at cardioplegia and storage or after hypothermic storage. Hearts not exposed to INO-1153 served as controls. Another group was pretreated with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor Wortmannin (0.1 muM) before storage in INO-1153-supplemented Celsior. After baseline measurement of aortic flow, heart rate, coronary flow, and cardiac output were obtained, hearts were arrested and stored in Celsior at 2-3 degrees C for 6 hr. After storage, hearts were reperfused for 15 min before performing work for a further 30 min, at which time poststorage indices of cardiac function were remeasured then heart tissue was stored at -80 degrees C for Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of INO-1153 during prestorage perfusion or during cardioplegia and storage significantly improved poststorage cardiac function. Functional improvements produced by INO-1153 were completely abolished by Wortmnanin pretreatment. Western blots showed a significant increase in phospho-Akt in presence of INO-1153, which was inhibited by Wortmannin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Activation of the prosurvival phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt pathway was involved in the protective action of PARP inhibition in this model of donor heart procurement and hypothermic storage. Importantly for the logistics of clinical organ procurement, maximum protection is observed when the PARP inhibitor is included in the cardioplegic storage solution.
authors: Transplant Program, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia. l.gao@victorchang.unsw.edu.au
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Gao
authors: Jair C
authors: JC
authors: Kwan
authors: Peter S
authors: PS
authors: Macdonald
authors: Lianxing
authors: L
authors: Yang
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Preiss
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Hicks
mesh_terms: D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D005971:Glutamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D006639:Histidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D023421:Models, Animal; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology; D009926:Organ Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000077191:Wortmannin
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D004187:Disaccharides; D004573:Electrolytes; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005971:Glutamates; D005978:Glutathione; D006639:Histidine; D008353:Mannitol; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D000077191:Wortmannin; C088453:Celsior