title: TTF-1 regulates growth hormone and prolactin transcription in the anterior pituitary gland.
abstract: Thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) is required for morphogenesis of the fetal diencephalon. Previous reports showed that mice carrying a TTF-1 null mutation lacked normal development of the pituitary gland. In this study, a role for TTF-1 in the regulation of growth hormone and prolactin transcription was identified. In-situ hybridization analysis demonstrated TTF-1 mRNA in the growth hormone-producing cells and prolactin-producing cells of the rat anterior pituitary gland. In the GH3 pituitary cell line, we identified TTF-1 as a factor functionally regulating growth hormone and prolactin transcription. TTF-1 activated prolactin transcription, but inhibited growth hormone transcription. Inhibition and activation of growth hormone and prolactin transcription, respectively, by TTF-1 disappeared upon deletion of the TTF-1 binding motifs within the promoters of these genes. These data suggest that TTF-1 plays a regulatory role in the transcription of growth hormone and prolactin genes and may regulate transdifferentiation of cells expressing these two hormones.
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Nam Oak
authors: NO
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Young June
authors: YJ
authors: Son
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jae Geun
authors: JG
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Chang Man
authors: CM
authors: Ha
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Chang Ho
authors: CH
authors: Yun
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hye Li
authors: HL
authors: Lim
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jeong Woo
authors: JW
authors: Park
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
authors: Angela Valentina
authors: AV
authors: D'Elia
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Damante
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: bjlee@ulsan.ac.kr.
authors: Byung Ju
authors: BJ
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008297:Male; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000378:metabolism*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: C000614414:Nkx2-1 protein, mouse; C000614416:Nkx2-1 protein, rat; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D011388:Prolactin; D013006:Growth Hormone