title: Anal ultraslow waves and high anal pressure in childhood: a clinical condition mimicking Hirschsprung disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Anal ultraslow waves (USWs) have been described in several clinical conditions closely related to chronic constipation associated with high anal pressure; however, USW-related clinical manifestations in childhood are poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the clinical relevance of USWs in childhood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Manometric recordings of 118 cases including 70 children with constipation and 16 patients with Hirschsprung disease were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ultraslow waves were seen in 4 of 70 children with constipation. None of the controls or patients with Hirschsprung disease exhibited USWs. The 4 patients comprised 2 infants with marked abdominal distension mimicking Hirschsprung disease and 2 children (aged 4 and 8 years) with intractable constipation accompanying hemorrhoid or anal fissure. The manometric findings of the USW-positive patients showed a markedly high anal resting pressure and high frequency of slow waves compared to controls, patients with constipation not accompanied by USWs or patients with Hirschsprung disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with USWs exhibit symptoms mimicking Hirschsprung disease in infants and chronic intractable constipation in older children. In manometric studies of children, more attention should be paid not only to rectoanal reflex, but also USWs.
authors: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.
authors: Hiroaki
authors: H
authors: Yoshino
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Kayaba
authors: Tatsuzo
authors: T
authors: Hebiguchi
authors: Mayako
authors: M
authors: Morii
authors: Taku
authors: T
authors: Hebiguchi
authors: Wataru
authors: W
authors: Itoh
authors: Junichi
authors: J
authors: Chihara
authors: Tetsuo
authors: T
authors: Kato
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003248:Constipation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006627:Hirschsprung Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D011312:Pressure