title: Effectiveness of traditional bone setting in chronic neck pain: randomized clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluates the effectiveness of traditional bone setting (TBS) in chronic neck pain (cNP) compared with conventional physiotherapy (PT) and massage (M).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized clinical trial. Working-aged employed subjects with cNP (n = 105; 37 men and 68 women; mean age, 41.5 years) were randomized into TBS, PT, and M groups. Follow-up times were 1, 6, and 12 months after the treatments. Neck pain intensity (visual analog scale), perceived disability (Neck Disability Index [NDI]), and neck spine mobility measurements were used as outcomes. Global assessment was evaluated by the subjects (scale from -1 to +10). Data were analyzed using time (pre and post) by group (TBS, PT and M), 2- way analysis of variance for repeated measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neck pain decreased and NDI scores improved in all groups 1 month after the treatment (P < .001). The improvement of NDI and persons' satisfaction were significantly better after TBS. Neck spine mobility in rotation movements tended to improve significantly better and the frons-knee distance improved more after TBS. One year later, both NDI and neck pain were significantly better after TBS than in reference groups. A significant improvement was reported by 40% to 45.5% of subjects in the PT and M groups and by 68.6% in the TBS group. Bone setters' ability to communicate and to interact with patients was evaluated significantly higher. In the TBS group, the number of sick days was minimal as was the use of painkillers during 1-year follow-up compared to that in the reference groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Traditional bone setting, which is a soft manual mobilization technique focusing on the muscles, joints, and ligaments, appears to be effective in cNP. Two thirds of subjects experienced it as beneficial, and it seems to be able to improve disability and pain in patients with cNP. Subjective and partially objective benefits of TBS were found in those patients more than after other interventions, and the effects lasted at least for 1 year.
authors: Project researcher, Department of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland. nina.zaproudina@uku.fi <nina.zaproudina@uku.fi>
authors: Nina
authors: N
authors: Zaproudina
authors: Osmo O P
authors: OO
authors: Hänninen
authors: Olavi
authors: O
authors: Airaksinen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008405:Massage; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D008875:Middle Aged; D026201:Musculoskeletal Manipulations; D019547:Neck Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D013131:Spine / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome