title: Asymmetric interlimb transfer of concurrent adaptation to opposing dynamic forces.
abstract: Interlimb transfer of a novel dynamic force has been well documented. It has also been shown that unimanual adaptation to opposing novel environments is possible if they are associated with different workspaces. The main aim of this study was to test if adaptation to opposing velocity dependent viscous forces with one arm could improve the initial performance of the other arm. The study also examined whether this interlimb transfer occurred across an extrinsic, spatial, coordinative system or an intrinsic, joint based, coordinative system. Subjects initially adapted to opposing viscous forces separated by target location. Our measure of performance was the correlation between the speed profiles of each movement within a force condition and an 'average' trajectory within null force conditions. Adaptation to the opposing forces was seen during initial acquisition with a significantly improved coefficient in epoch eight compared to epoch one. We then tested interlimb transfer from the dominant to non-dominant arm (D --> ND) and vice-versa (ND --> D) across either an extrinsic or intrinsic coordinative system. Interlimb transfer was only seen from the dominant to the non-dominant limb across an intrinsic coordinative system. These results support previous studies involving adaptation to a single dynamic force but also indicate that interlimb transfer of multiple opposing states is possible. This suggests that the information available at the level of representation allowing interlimb transfer can be more intricate than a general movement goal or a single perceived directional error.
authors: Behavioural Brain Sciences Centre, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK. jmg111@bham.ac.uk
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Galea
authors: R C
authors: RC
authors: Miall
authors: D G
authors: DG
authors: Woolley
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005121:Extremities / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D014163:Transfer, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*
references: Exp Brain Res. 2003 Apr;149(4):520-6
references: 12677333
references: Neurosci Res. 2003 Jul;46(3):319-31
references: 12804793
references: Nat Neurosci. 2004 Feb;7(2):111-2
references: 14745452
references: Exp Brain Res. 2004 Mar;155(1):1-8
references: 15064878
references: J Neurophysiol. 2004 Jul;92(1):349-60
references: 15028745
references: J Neurosci. 2004 Sep 15;24(37):8084-9
references: 15371509
references: Neuropsychologia. 1971 Mar;9(1):97-113
references: 5146491
references: J Neurosci. 1994 May;14(5 Pt 2):3208-24
references: 8182467
references: J Neurophysiol. 1995 Oct;74(4):1787-92
references: 8989414
references: J Neurosci. 1999 Oct 1;19(19):8573-88
references: 10493757
references: Nat Neurosci. 1999 Nov;2(11):1026-31
references: 10526344
references: J Cogn Neurosci. 2005 Sep;17(9):1460-70
references: 16197699
references: J Neurosci. 2006 Jun 28;26(26):7121-6
references: 16807341
references: Exp Brain Res. 2006 Aug;173(3):425-37
references: 16506003
references: Exp Brain Res. 2002 Apr;143(4):520-4
references: 11914799
references: Exp Brain Res. 2002 Aug;145(4):437-47
references: 12172655
references: J Neurophysiol. 2003 Jan;89(1):168-76
references: 12522169