Use of sirolimus-eluting stents for treatment of in-stent restenosis: long-term follow-up.
OBJECTIVE
The aims of this study were to assess (i) the feasibility, safety and efficacy of sirolimus-eluting stents (SESs) in treating in-stent restenosis (ISR), (ii) the risk factors for recurrent ISR, and (iii) the long-term major adverse cardiac events (MACE).


METHODS
Between May 2002 and April 2004, 100 consecutive patients with evidence of myocardial ischaemia and 112 ISRs in native coronary arteries were treated using SESs. We evaluated the rate of procedural and clinical success, the incidence of in-hospital and long-term MACE, the recurrence rate of ISR after 6-8 months, and the risk factors for recurrent ISR and follow-up MACE.


RESULTS
Forty-five percent of the lesions were directly stented. After stent implantation, the minimal lumen diameter increased from 0.51 +/- 0.32 to 2.50 +/- 0.32 mm in the stents and to 2.30 +/- 0.35 mm in the lesions (acute gain 1.99 +/- 0.37 mm). The procedural success rate was 99%. The clinical success rate was 88%. MACE occurred in 2.0% of patients during hospitalisation and in 12.8% after a median follow-up of 15.1 months (interquartile range 8.4-19.7). The recurrence rate of ISR was 11.8% after a median follow-up of 7.7 months (interquartile range 7.4-8.4). The risk for recurrent ISR was significantly higher in patients with diabetes or hypertension, in those aged more than 65 years and in female patients, as well as in the lesions with a small minimal lumen diameter. Three-vessel disease and age were risk factors for MACE.


CONCLUSIONS
This study confirms the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of using SESs to treat ISR, and identifies a risk profile for recurrent ISR and MACE.
Brambilla
Nedy
N
Cardiology Division, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Ferrario
Maurizio
M
Repetto
Alessandra
A
Bramucci
Ezio
E
Angoli
Luigi
L
Canosi
Umberto
U
Rosso
Roberta
R
Ferlini
Marco
M
Klersy
Catherine
C
Tavazzi
Luigi
L
D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D020123:Sirolimus