title: Preventive effect of D-psicose, one of rare ketohexoses, on di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)-induced testicular injury in rat.
abstract: To investigate the preventive effects of d-psicose, one of rare ketohexoses, on di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)-induced testicular injury, prepubertal male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to DEHP via their diet or orally, while under treatment with d-psicose. The rats given a diet-containing 1% DEHP alone for 7-14 days showed severe testicular atrophy accompanied by aspermatogenesis. On the other hand, those given the diet plus 2% but not 1% d-psicose-supplemented water for 14 days did not develop testicular atrophy, and exhibited an almost complete spermatogenesis. There was no significant difference in plasma mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) levels between the d-psicose-free and d-psicose-treated groups. The testicular malondialdehyde (MDA) level after a single oral administration of 2g/kg of DEHP showed a similar pattern of increase to the plasma MEHP level and peaked in 24h suggesting a close and dose-dependent relation between plasma MEHP and testicular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Pretreatment with d-psicose at a concentration of 2% and 4% resulted in an almost complete but not absolute suppression of testicular MDA production among rats administered 2g/kg of DEHP. The microarray analysis showed the induction of oxidative stress related genes including the thioredoxin, glutathione peroxidase 1 and 2, glutaredoixn 1 after 24h of the DEHP treatment in the testis. These results show that d-psicose prevents DEHP-induced testicular injury by suppressing the generation of ROS in the rat testis. This effect may be due to the direct scavenging by d-psicose of ROS generated in the testis.
authors: Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan. suna@med.kagawa-u.ac.jp
authors: Shigeru
authors: S
authors: Suna
authors: Fuminori
authors: F
authors: Yamaguchi
authors: Shoji
authors: S
authors: Kimura
authors: Masaaki
authors: M
authors: Tokuda
authors: Fumihiko
authors: F
authors: Jitsunari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001284:Atrophy; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005632:Fructose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D054477:Glutaredoxins; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D013733:Testicular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D000094765:Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; C516010:Glrx2 protein, rat; D054477:Glutaredoxins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C003243:psicose; D005632:Fructose; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013879:Thioredoxins; D012313:RNA; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; C016599:mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate; D000094765:Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1; C000722069:Gpx1 protein, rat