title: Difficulty overcoming learned non-reward during reversal learning in rats with ibotenic acid lesions of orbital prefrontal cortex.
abstract: Behavioral flexibility is a concept often invoked when describing the function of the prefrontal cortex. However, the psychological substrate of behavioral flexibility is complex. Its key components are allocation of attention, goal-directedness, planning, working memory, and response selection. Furthermore, there is evidence that different regions of the prefrontal cortex might be implicated in these different components. In rule-switching tasks, a distinction is made between errors that are perseverative (difficulty switching from a previously rewarded strategy) and errors due to learned-irrelevance (difficulty switching to a strategy previously uncorrelated with reward). A similar distinction might be made for reversal learning, which involves inhibition of a previously rewarded response and activation of a previously unrewarded response. Damage to the orbital prefrontal cortex (OPFC) results in a deficit in reversal learning. The present study was designed to examine whether one or both of either perseveration or learned non-reward might account for the deficit. Rats with bilateral ibotenic acid-induced lesions of the OPFC were not impaired in acquisition of discriminations. They were impaired, relative to controls, only when they had to overcome learned non-reward. They did not show enhanced perseveration. We conclude that an inability to overcome learned non-reward significantly contributes to OPFC lesion-induced deficits in behavioral flexibility.
authors: School of Psychology, The University of St Andrews, St Mary's College, South Street, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9JP, UK. vjb@st-andrews.ac.uk
authors: David Scott
authors: DS
authors: Tait
authors: Verity J
authors: VJ
authors: Brown
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D007051:Ibotenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D012193:Reversal Learning / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D012201:Reward
chemical_list: D007051:Ibotenic Acid