Inhibition of prostaglandin E(2) production by anti-inflammatory hypericum perforatum extracts and constituents in RAW264.7 Mouse Macrophage Cells.
Hypericum perforatum (Hp) is commonly known for its antiviral, antidepressant, and cytotoxic properties, but traditionally Hp was also used to treat inflammation. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxicity of different Hp extractions and accessions and constituents present within Hp extracts were characterized. In contrast to the antiviral activity of Hp, the anti-inflammatory activity observed with all Hp extracts was light-independent. When pure constituents were tested, the flavonoids, amentoflavone, hyperforin, and light-activated pseudohypericin, displayed anti-inflammatory activity, albeit at concentrations generally higher than the amount present in the Hp extracts. Constituents that were present in the Hp extracts at concentrations that inhibited the production of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) were pseudohypericin and hyperforin, suggesting that they are the primary anti-inflammatory constituents along with the flavonoids, and perhaps the interactions of these constituents and other unidentified compounds are important for the anti-inflammatory activity of the Hp extracts.
Hammer
Kimberly D P
KD
The Center for Research on Botanical Dietary Supplements, Interdepartmental Genetics Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
Hillwig
Matthew L
ML
Solco
Avery K S
AK
Dixon
Philip M
PM
Delate
Kathleen
K
Murphy
Patricia A
PA
Wurtele
Eve S
ES
Birt
Diane F
DF
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D020902:Hypericum / Q000737:chemistry*; D008027:Light; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D010569:Perylene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D010696:Phloroglucinol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D013729:Terpenes / Q000032:analysis
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013729:Terpenes; D010569:Perylene; D010696:Phloroglucinol; D015232:Dinoprostone; C056602:pseudohypericin; C001654:hyperforin
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