HDL serves as a S1P signaling platform mediating a multitude of cardiovascular effects.
The lysosphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a component of HDL. Findings from a growing number of studies indicate that S1P is a mediator of many of the cardiovascular effects of HDL, including the ability to promote vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and angiogenesis, protect against ischemia/reperfusion injury, and inhibit/reverse atherosclerosis. These latter cardioprotective effects are being shown to involve the S1P-mediated suppression of inflammatory processes, including reduction of the endothelial expression of monocyte and lymphocyte adhesion molecules, decreased recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells to sites of infarction, and blocking of cardiomyocyte apoptosis after myocardial infarction. This review article summarizes the evidence that S1P as a component of HDL serves to regulate vascular cell and lymphocyte behaviors associated with cardiovascular (patho)physiology.
Argraves
Kelley M
KM
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. argravek@musc.edu
Argraves
W Scott
WS
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator / Q000502:physiology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000502:physiology; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000502:physiology*; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000502:physiology*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000502:physiology; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000097:blood; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000502:physiology; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology; D000099157:Sphingosine Kinase
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); D013110:Sphingosine; D000099157:Sphingosine Kinase; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate