[Women's academic careers in medicine].
BACKGROUND
Few female doctors hold top academic positions at the University of Oslo. A working group was appointed by the Faculty of Medicine to investigate possible reasons for this and to come up with recommendations on how to increase the fraction of female professors.


METHODS
A questionnaire was sent to 875 medical graduates who had either completed or were taking a PhD at the University of Oslo. Two focus group interviews were also performed, one with female and one with male graduates.


RESULTS
The questionnaire response rate was 42%. The genders did not differ concerning motivation to pursue academic careers, and they both wished to have better access to combined positions (academic and clinical work). Women needed more positive signals on being wanted as researchers. For women below 45 years of age, academic and clinical role models and a good network were considered to be especially important. Women emphasized the importance of equality at home and at work for pursuing an academic career more than men.


CONCLUSIONS
The gender imbalance among medical professors will not resolve itself. Young women should be more actively identified and encouraged to pursue academic careers.
Schlichting
Ellen
E
Bryst- og endokrinkirurgisk avdeling, Ullevål universitetssykehus, 0407 Oslo. elsc@uus.no
Nielsen
Harriet Bjerrum
HB
Fosså
Sophie Dorothea
SD
Aasland
Olaf Gjerløw
OG
D000328:Adult; D002322:Career Mobility; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway; D010822:Physicians, Women; D012108:Research Personnel; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D000078329:Workforce