title: The use of concept mapping for scale development and validation in evaluation.
abstract: Evaluators often make key decisions about what content to include when designing new scales. However, without clear conceptual grounding, there is a risk these decisions may compromise the scale's validity. Techniques such as concept mapping are available to evaluators for the specification of conceptual frameworks, but have not been used as a fully integrated part of scale development. As part of a multi-site evaluation of family support programs, we integrated concept mapping with traditional scale-development processes to strengthen the creation of a scale for inclusion in an evaluation instrument. Using concept mapping, we engaged staff and managers in the development of a framework of intended benefits of program participation and used the information to systematically select the scale's content. The psychometric characteristics of the scale were then formally assessed using a sample of program participants. The implications of the approach for supporting construct validity, inclusion of staff and managers, and theory-driven evaluation are discussed.
authors: Nemours Division of Health and Prevention Services, Center for Children's Health Innovation, Nemours Division of Health and Prevention Services, Christiana Building, Suite 200, 252 Chapman Road, Newark, DE 19702, USA. srosas@nemours.org
authors: Scott R
authors: SR
authors: Rosas
authors: Lauren C
authors: LC
authors: Camphausen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018672:Community Health Planning; D003256:Community Participation; D003691:Delaware; D004651:Employment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011247:Pregnancy; D016730:Program Development; D015397:Program Evaluation / Q000379:methods*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires