title: Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors enhance susceptibility to Fas-mediated apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.
abstract: Molecular inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling is a promising cancer treatment strategy. We examined whether inhibition of EGFR signaling would affect the susceptibility of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Treatment of OSCC cells with an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, C225, and an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, AG1478, which target the extracellular and intracellular domains of the receptor, respectively, inhibited phosphorylation of EGFR and its downstream effector molecule Akt and amplified the induction of Fas-mediated apoptosis. In OSCC cells treated with EGFR inhibitors, Fas-mediated apoptosis was accompanied by caspase-8 activation but not Bid cleavage. Caspase-3 and -8 inhibitors reduced the effect of EGFR inhibitors on Fas-mediated apoptosis in OSCC cells, but a caspase-9 inhibitor did not. These results indicate that the pro-apoptotic activity of EGFR inhibitors in OSCC cells depends on the extrinsic pathway of the caspase cascade. Although EGFR inhibitors did not affect the expression of Fas, the Fas-associated death domain protein, or procaspase-8 in OSCC cells, the inhibition downregulated cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP). Moreover, knockdown of c-FLIP in HSC-2 cells with a small interfering RNA strongly enhanced Fas-mediated apoptosis. These results suggest that the EGFR signaling pathway may, in part, regulate Fas-mediated apoptosis in OSCC cells through c-FLIP expression.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Showa University School of Dentistry, 2-1-1, Kitasenzoku, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan. iwase@senzoku.showa-u.ac.jp
authors: Masayasu
authors: M
authors: Iwase
authors: Sayaka
authors: S
authors: Takaoka
authors: Makiko
authors: M
authors: Uchida
authors: Sayaka
authors: S
authors: Yoshiba
authors: Gen
authors: G
authors: Kondo
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Watanabe
authors: Masaru
authors: M
authors: Ohashi
authors: Masao
authors: M
authors: Nagumo
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000378:metabolism; D000068818:Cetuximab; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D053200:Fas-Associated Death Domain Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D011799:Quinazolines; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D020032:Tyrphostins / Q000494:pharmacology; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C505533:FADD protein, human; D053200:Fas-Associated Death Domain Protein; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011799:Quinazolines; D020032:Tyrphostins; D019014:fas Receptor; C101044:RTKI cpd; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D053181:Caspase 8; D000068818:Cetuximab