In vitro studies of eggplant (Solanum melongena) phenolics as inhibitors of key enzymes relevant for type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
National Diabetes Education Program of NIH, Mayo Clinic and American Diabetes Association recommend eggplant-based diet as a choice for management of type 2 diabetes. The rationale for this suggestion is the high fiber and low soluble carbohydrate content of eggplant. We propose that a more physiologically relevant explanation lies in the phenolic-linked antioxidant activity and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory potential of eggplant which could reduce hyperglycemia-induced pathogenesis. Results from this study indicate that phenolic-enriched extracts of eggplant with moderate free radical scavenging-linked antioxidant activity had high alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity and in specific cases moderate to high angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. Inhibition of these enzymes provide a strong biochemical basis for management of type 2 diabetes by controlling glucose absorption and reducing associated hypertension, respectively. This phenolic antioxidant-enriched dietary strategy also has the potential to reduce hyperglycemia-induced pathogenesis linked to cellular oxidation stress. These results provide strong rationale for further animal and clinical studies.
Kwon
Y-I
YI
Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Department of Food Science, Chenoweth Building, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
Apostolidis
E
E
Shetty
K
K
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000201:enzymology*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000201:enzymology; D003927:Diet, Diabetic; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000201:enzymology*; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032323:Solanum melongena / Q000737:chemistry*; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D010636:Phenols; D000516:alpha-Amylases