title: Tobacco control policies and smoking in a population of low education women, 1992-2002.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine recent trends and the role of tobacco control policies associated with smoking among women of low socioeconomic status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using four waves of the nationally representative tobacco use supplement to the current population survey (TUS-CPS)--(1992-2002), the study examined trends and used multivariate logistic models of smoking prevalence among low education women to examine the role of cigarette prices, clean air regulations, and tobacco control media campaigns, while controlling for other personal characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women ages 18 and older who report not having completed high school, compared with other women with greater educational attainment and men ages 18 and older with less than a high school degree.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Smoking among low education women declined at a greater rate over the study period than among more highly educated women, in contrast with trends of earlier periods. Low education women were found to be particularly responsive to media messages as well as price, especially in comparison with high education women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relation between health and socioeconomic status is not immutable; selected tobacco control policies, such as tax increases and media campaigns targeting low education women, may make inroads in reducing the smoking prevalence of this population.
authors: Institute for Research and Evaluation, 11710 Beltsville DR, Calverton, Maryland 20705, USA. levy@pire.org
authors: David T
authors: DT
authors: Levy
authors: Elizabeth A
authors: EA
authors: Mumford
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Compton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D015995:Prevalence; D011640:Public Policy; D012907:Smoking / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States; D014930:Women
references: Tob Control. 1999 Autumn;8(3):272-7
references: 10599571
references: Health Educ Res. 2003 Oct;18(5):592-609
references: 14572019
references: Scand J Public Health. 2001 Mar;29(1):32-9
references: 11355714
references: Prev Med. 2002 Feb;34(2):171-8
references: 11817912
references: Nicotine Tob Res. 2005 Jun;7(3):387-96
references: 16085506
references: Am J Public Health. 2005 Aug;95(8):1424-30
references: 16006417
references: Am J Public Health. 2002 Jun;92(6):901-7
references: 12036775
references: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999;896:173-88
references: 10681897
references: Prev Med. 2000 Sep;31(3):279-86
references: 10964642
references: J Epidemiol Community Health. 2003 Apr;57(4):270-6
references: 12646543
references: Tob Control. 1997 Spring;6(1):14-8
references: 9176981
references: Tob Control. 2001 Dec;10(4):345-51
references: 11740026
references: Am J Public Health. 1998 Jul;88(7):1074-80
references: 9663157
references: Health Aff (Millwood). 2005 Mar-Apr;24(2):325-34
references: 15757915
references: Am J Prev Med. 1998 Aug;15(2):146-54
references: 9713671
references: Health Aff (Millwood). 2005 Mar-Apr;24(2):343-52
references: 15757918
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1998 Jul 31;47(29):605-9
references: 9699809
references: J Drug Educ. 2002;32(4):319-42
references: 12556136
references: BMJ. 2004 Jun 26;328(7455):1519
references: 15213107
references: Addiction. 2005 Oct;100(10):1526-36
references: 16185214
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2004 Jan 30;53(3):54-7
references: 14749613
references: Nicotine Tob Res. 2003 Dec;5 Suppl 1:S55-69
references: 14668087
references: J Epidemiol Community Health. 2003 Oct;57(10):802-8
references: 14573586
references: Am J Public Health. 2004 Feb;94(2):211-7
references: 14759929