1H NMR study of the effects of sample contamination in the metabolomic analysis of mouse urine.
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to evaluate and optimize the strategy for collecting mouse urine samples. A series of normal urine samples and those mixed with folate-deficient food, turkey or mouse fecal particles were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). The metabolic profile of urine mixed with folate-deficient food was found to be extremely different than that of clean urine. Changes in the urine composition caused by mixing with turkey or feces are relatively small as judged by the output of PCA. As a result, turkey may be considered as an applicable food source for obtaining uncontaminated urine samples for metabolomics-based research.
Gu
Haiwei
H
Department of Physics, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
Pan
Zhengzheng
Z
Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
Duda
Chester
C
BASi, Inc. 2701 Kent Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States.
Mann
Doug
D
BASi, Inc. 2701 Kent Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States.
Kissinger
Candice
C
BASi, Inc. 2701 Kent Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States.
Rohde
Candace
C
BASi, Inc. 2701 Kent Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States.
Raftery
Daniel
D
Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States. Electronic address: raftery@purdue.edu.
D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D051379:Mice; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000592:standards*; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry*