title: Immune response to ovalbumin following bisphenol A administration in mice fed with a low level of dietary protein.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have previously shown that bisphenol A (BPA) augments T-helper (Th) 1 activity with no significant effects on an established oral tolerance to ovalbumin (OVA) in mice fed with a normal protein diet. The present study aimed to examine the effect of BPA on the immune response in a mouse model maintained on a very low protein diet (5% casein).
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were fed on a 5% protein diet, together with either OVA (OVA-fed) or water (water-fed), immunized intraperitoneally with OVA at 3-week intervals and administered BPA between the 2 immunizations. A week after the last immunization, animals were sacrificed and examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serum titers of total immunoglobulin E (IgE), OVA-specific IgE, immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgG1, IgG2a, and the production of interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-12.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both BPA-treated and non-treated animals, OVA feeding resulted in lower titers of total and OVA-specific IgE, and OVA-specific IgG (p<0.05). There were higher levels of interferon-gamma (p<0.05), IL-4, and IL-12 (p<0.05) in animals with OVA tolerance following BPA treatment. However, IL-12 production was augmented only in BPA-treated water-fed animals (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BPA administration in mice fed with a low level of dietary protein augmented Th1 cytokines more profoundly in the animals with OVA tolerance than in the non-tolerant animals.
authors: Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors: Mohammad
authors: M
authors: Alizadeh
authors: Fusao
authors: F
authors: Ota
authors: Afework
authors: A
authors: Kassu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018753:Diet, Protein-Restricted; D007107:Immune System; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007114:Immunization; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D010636:Phenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D018664:Interleukin-12; D015847:Interleukin-4; D010047:Ovalbumin; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds