title: End-stage liver disease in a state prison population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Information on the epidemiology of end-stage liver disease (ESLD) in US correctional populations is limited. We examined the prevalence, mortality and clinical characteristics of ESLD in the nation's second largest state prison system.
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected and analyzed medical and demographic data from 370,511 offenders incarcerated in Texas' prison system during a 3.5-year period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ESLD was diagnosed in 484 inmates (131/100,000); 213 (57/100,000) died of ESLD. Offenders who were Hispanic, 30-49 years of age, > or =50 years of age, HIV monoinfected, hepatitis C virus (HCV) monoinfected, or HIV/HCV coinfected had elevated ESLD prevalence and mortality rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ESLD mortality in Texas' prison population is approximately 3 times higher than that of the general population, reflecting elevated rates of HCV and HIV/HCV coinfection among prisoners. Ultimately, the only viable treatment option for many prisoners with ESLD will be liver transplantation. The enormous costs of organ transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy are staggering and have the potential to decimate the healthcare budgets of most prison systems. Consequently, it is imperative that correctional healthcare programs expand HCV treatment and prevention strategies.
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. jbaillar@utmb.edu
authors: Jacques
authors: J
authors: Baillargeon
authors: Roger D
authors: RD
authors: Soloway
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Paar
authors: Thomas P
authors: TP
authors: Giordano
authors: Owen
authors: O
authors: Murray
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Grady
authors: Brie
authors: B
authors: Williams
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Pulvino
authors: Ben G
authors: BG
authors: Raimer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D016174:Hepacivirus; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011329:Prisoners; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology