title: Flavonoid-rich fraction of Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex. Reiss protects the gastric mucosa of rodents through inhibition of both H+,K+ -ATPase activity and formation of nitric oxide.
abstract: Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex. Reissek (Celastraceae), a medicinal plant known in Brazil as "espinheira-santa" is commonly used to treat gastric disorders. The effect of the flavonoid-rich fraction separated from the leaves was evaluated for its gastroprotective properties and the mechanism(s) involved in this activity. Intraperitoneal administration of the flavonoid-rich fraction potently protected rats from experimentally induced chronic (ED(50)=79 mg/kg) and acute gastric lesions by ethanol (ED(50)=25mg/kg) and indomethacin (ED(50)=4 mg/kg) without altering the decreased amount of cytoprotective glutathione and mucus amount in the injured gastric mucosa. A potent reduction of gastric acid hypersecretion (ED(50)=7 mg/kg, i.p.) was accompanied by a reduction of nitric oxide release (ED(50)=1.6 mg/kg, i.p.) in the gastric secretion of 2h pylorus ligated rats which suggests an important role for nitric oxide-dependent mechanisms. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion in vivo was correlated with the in vitro inhibition of rabbit gastric H(+),K(+)-ATPase activity (IC(50)=41 microg/mL). Chemical investigation of the fraction showed galactitol (25%), epicatechin (3.1%) and catechin (2%) as the majoritary components. Collectively, the results show that the flavonoid-rich fraction of Maytenus ilicifolia potently protects animals from gastric lesions with high potency through inhibition of gastric acid secretion.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors: Cristiane Hatsuko
authors: CH
authors: Baggio
authors: Cristina Setim
authors: CS
authors: Freitas
authors: Gláucia de Martini
authors: Gde M
authors: Otofuji
authors: Thales Ricardo
authors: TR
authors: Cipriani
authors: Lauro Mera de
authors: LM
authors: Souza
authors: Guilherme Lanzi
authors: GL
authors: Sassaki
authors: Marcello
authors: M
authors: Iacomini
authors: Maria Consuelo Andrade
authors: MC
authors: Marques
authors: Sonia
authors: S
authors: Mesia-Vela
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000737:chemistry; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007213:Indomethacin; D029755:Maytenus / Q000737:chemistry*; D009093:Mucus / Q000378:metabolism; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D020011:Protective Agents; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D005978:Glutathione; D019342:Acetic Acid; D007213:Indomethacin