title: Analysis of metallothionein, RCAS1 immunoreactivity regarding immune cell concentration in the endometrium and tubal mucosa in ectopic pregnancy during the course of tubal rupture.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tubal rupture seems to be linked to a disturbance in maternal immune response and trophoblast cell invasion. The immunomodulating activity of endometrial cells is necessary for the coexistence of activated immune cells and endometrial cells. RCAS1 and metallothionein (MT) participate in this process.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue samples derived from fallopian tubes and endometrium were collected during one surgical procedure and divided into three groups: unruptured ectopic pregnancy (EP) without bleeding, unruptured EP with hemorrhage into the peritoneal cavity, and ruptured tubal pregnancy. Immunoreactivity of MT, RCAS1, CD56, CD3, CD69 and CD25 were assessed by immunohistochemical methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of CD3+ and CD56+ cells as well as CD69 antigen immunoreactivity in ruptured tubal mucosa of EP were statistically significantly higher than those measured for unruptured EP without bleeding, while at the same time the number of CD56+ cells in endometrium was statistically significantly lower. The growth of immune cell numbers in tubal mucosa during tubal rupture was not associated with an adequate MT and RCAS1 level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tubal perforation seems to be linked to a concentration of immune cells and a growth of their activity without an adequate increase of the level of proteins compensating for immune cell response.
authors: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Oncology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland. mowicher@cyf-kr.edu.pl
authors: Lukasz
authors: L
authors: Wicherek
authors: Krystyna
authors: K
authors: Galazka
authors: Agata
authors: A
authors: Lazar
mesh_terms: D000291:Adnexal Diseases; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000032:analysis; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000032:analysis; D019002:CD56 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D004717:Endometrium / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000032:analysis; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000276:immunology*; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D017252:CD3 Complex; D019002:CD56 Antigen; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008668:Metallothionein; D000099192:CD69 Antigens; C120762:EBAG9 protein, human