title: Body mass index and premature mortality in physically heavily working men--a ten-year follow-up of 20,000 construction workers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although obesity is clearly associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease, health consequences of being mildly or moderately overweight are less clear in physically heavily working men.
  
  
  METHODS
  The association between body mass index (BMI) and mortality was assessed over a 10-year period in a cohort of 19,513 male construction workers, who underwent routine occupational health examination during 1986 to 1992.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among never smokers normal and overweight men experienced similar mortality. Among smokers, we observed a strong U-shaped association between BMI and all-cause mortality, which was lowest for BMI levels between 25 and 35 kg/m after control for potential covariates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BMI levels commonly considered to reflect overweight may not necessarily be associated with increased mortality in physically heavily working men.
authors: German Cancer Research Center, Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, Heidelberg, Germany. v.arndt@dkfz.de
authors: Volker
authors: V
authors: Arndt
authors: Dietrich
authors: D
authors: Rothenbacher
authors: Bernd
authors: B
authors: Zschenderlein
authors: Stephan
authors: S
authors: Schuberth
authors: Hermann
authors: H
authors: Brenner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005160:Facility Design and Construction; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009790:Occupations; D050177:Overweight / Q000401:mortality*