Voriconazole in the treatment of invasive aspergillosis in kidney transplant recipients.
BACKGROUND
Aspergillosis and other invasive mold infections are severe complications in immunosuppressed patients, and in renal transplant patients it is the most common cause of systemic fungal disease with an incidence ranging from 0.4% to 2.4% with a high mortality of 56% to 100%. We present our experience with voriconazole in a population of kidney transplant recipients with invasive aspergillosis.


METHODS
From January 2002 to December 2005, 245 kidney transplantations were performed.


RESULTS
Four patients (1.6%) presented with clinical and laboratory findings of invasive aspergillosis. Three patients presented with pulmonary aspergillosis, while one patient presented with pulmonary and ocular aspergillosis. All patients underwent a therapy with voriconazole 200 mg twice a day, in combination with caspofungin in one patient. All patients are alive, with no clinical recurrence of aspergillosis at a median follow-up of 13 months. One patient lost her graft due to discontinuation of immunosuppression.


CONCLUSIONS
Voriconazole is a potent and well-tolerated antifungal drug that is extremely efficacious in the treatment of invasive aspergillosis in kidney transplant recipients. A careful monitoring of immunosuppressive drugs should be considered to avoid nephrotoxicity.
Veroux
M
M
Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Advanced Technologies, Organ Transplant Unit, University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy. veroux@unict.it
Corona
D
D
Gagliano
M
M
Sorbello
M
M
Macarone
M
M
Cutuli
M
M
Giuffrida
G
G
Morello
G
G
Paratore
A
A
Veroux
P
P
D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002102:Cadaver; D000077336:Caspofungin; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D054714:Echinocandins; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D055666:Lipopeptides; D019520:Living Donors; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014019:Tissue Donors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014230:Triazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D065819:Voriconazole
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D054714:Echinocandins; D055666:Lipopeptides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D011743:Pyrimidines; D014230:Triazoles; D000077336:Caspofungin; D065819:Voriconazole