title: Establishment of productively infected walleye dermal sarcoma explant cells.
abstract: Walleye dermal sarcoma virus (WDSV) is a complex retrovirus associated with dermal sarcomas in walleye fish. Virus expression is tightly regulated and limited to accessory gene transcripts throughout tumour development. During tumour regression, this regulation is lost and the replication of virus is greatly enhanced. Cultured walleye fibroblasts infected in vitro do not produce significant quantities of infectious virus. Tissue culture cells established by explantation of tumour cells were found to harbour WDSV provirus and to express accessory and structural proteins. The sequence of the provirus showed little variation from a previous WDSV isolate. Retroviral particles were isolated from supernatants from these cells and were able to transfer infection to uninfected walleye fibroblasts. In addition to the virus present in supernatants, much of the virus was cell associated and liberated only by sonication. This virus was found at internal cellular membranes, including mitochondria, and was infectious.
authors: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
authors: Joel
authors: J
authors: Rovnak
authors: Department Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
authors: Rufina N
authors: RN
authors: Casey
authors: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
authors: Connie D
authors: CD
authors: Brewster
authors: Department Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
authors: James W
authors: JW
authors: Casey
authors: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
authors: Sandra L
authors: SL
authors: Quackenbush
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D005399:Fishes; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012513:Sarcoma, Experimental / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D012867:Skin / Q000821:virology*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004279:DNA, Viral
references: Virology. 2001 Feb 1;280(1):31-40
references: 11162816
references: J Virol. 1995 Sep;69(9):5320-31
references: 7636975
references: Virology. 2005 Nov 25;342(2):240-51
references: 16150476
references: J Virol. 1998 Nov;72(11):8765-71
references: 9765420
references: Vet Pathol. 1990 Sep;27(5):340-6
references: 2238387
references: J Virol. 2002 May;76(9):4341-9
references: 11932400
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 May 23;97(11):6114-9
references: 10811912
references: Virology. 1996 Nov 15;225(2):406-12
references: 8918928
references: J Aquat Anim Health. 2002 Dec;14(4):247-253
references: 28880799
references: EMBO Rep. 2005 Aug;6(8):717-22
references: 16065065
references: Curr Opin Microbiol. 2004 Aug;7(4):400-6
references: 15358259
references: Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1969 Jul;31:195-207
references: 5393702
references: Comput Appl Biosci. 1994 Dec;10(6):685-6
references: 7704669
references: J Mol Biol. 1992 May 20;225(2):487-94
references: 1593632
references: J Virol. 2002 Aug;76(16):8031-9
references: 12134008
references: J Virol. 1992 Jan;66(1):596-9
references: 1727503
references: J Virol. 2003 Dec;77(23):12385-91
references: 14610162
references: Vet Pathol. 1990 Jul;27(4):230-4
references: 2402851
references: J Virol. 2006 Dec;80(24):12041-8
references: 17035330
references: J Gen Virol. 2003 Feb;84(Pt 2):375-381
references: 12560570
references: Virology. 1997 Oct 13;237(1):107-12
references: 9344912
references: J Virol. 1999 Oct;73(10):8884-9
references: 10482648