Prevalence and predictors of maternal peripheral malaria parasitemia in central Mozambique.
Malaria infection during pregnancy (MiP) is heterogeneously distributed even in malaria-endemic countries. Program planners require data to facilitate identification of highest-priority populations for MiP control. Using data from two cross-sectional studies of 5,528 pregnant women in 8 neighboring sites in Mozambique, we described factors associated with maternal peripheral parasitemia by using logistic regression. Principal multivariate predictors of maternal peripheral parasitemia were gravidity (odds ratio [OR] = 2.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.60-3.26 for primigravidae and OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.29-2.01 for secundigravidae compared with gravidity > or = 3); age (OR = 0.96 per year, 95% CI = 0.94-0.99); study site (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.34-1.56 to 5.32, 95% CI = 4.92-5.75) for comparison with the reference site; and no maternal education (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.15-1.66) compared with any education. Other predictors (in subgroups) were bed net use (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.48-0.50); preventive sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine doses (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.24-0.25); and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.11-2.00). Programmatic priorities should respond to heterogeneous distribution of multiple risk factors, including prevalence of malaria and infection with HIV, and maternal socioeconomic status.
Brentlinger
Paula E
PE
Department of Health Services, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. brentp2@u.washington.edu
Montoya
Pablo
P
Rojas
Ana Judith Blanco
AJ
Correia
Maria Ana Chadreque
MA
Dgedge
Martinho
M
Saúte
Francisco
F
Gimbel-Sherr
Kenneth
K
Mercer
Mary Anne
MA
Gloyd
Stephen
S
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D020073:Gravidity; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D009073:Mozambique / Q000453:epidemiology; D018512:Parasitemia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000254:growth & development*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015597:Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D015995:Prevalence; D012424:Rural Population; D012923:Social Class; D014505:Urban Population