Compartmentalization of small ruminant lentivirus between blood and colostrum in infected goats.
The compartmentalization of small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) subtype A (Maedi-Visna virus) and B (caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus) variants was analyzed in colostrum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of four naturally infected goats. Sequence analysis of DNA and RNA encompassing the V4-V5 env regions showed a differential distribution of SRLV variants between the two compartments. Tissue-specific compartmentalization was demonstrated by phylogenetic analysis in three of the four cases. In these animals colostrum proviral sequences were clustered relative to the blood viral sequences. In one goat, the blood and colostrum-derived provirus sequences were intermingled, suggesting trafficking of virus between the two tissues or mirroring a recent infection. Surprisingly, the pattern of free virus variants in the colostrum of all animals corresponded only partially to that of the proviral form, suggesting that free viruses might not derive from infected colostral cells. The compartmentalization of SRLV between peripheral blood and colostrum indicates that lactogenic transmission may involve specific viruses not present in the proviral populations circulating in the blood.
Pisoni
Giuliano
G
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Hygiene and Public Health, University of Milano, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy. giuliano.pisoni@unimi.it
Moroni
Paolo
P
Turin
Lauretta
L
Bertoni
Giuseppe
G
D000818:Animals; D016088:Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001769:Blood / Q000821:virology*; D003126:Colostrum / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D006041:Goats; D016180:Lentivirus Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011247:Pregnancy; D011533:Proviruses / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014790:Visna-maedi virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins