title: Reduction of Calponin h1 expression in human colon cancer blood vessels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Calponin h1 (CN) is a differentiation marker of smooth muscle cells that has been reported to be down-regulated in the blood vessels of several human tumors. In this study, we examined CN expression in blood vessels in relation to the clinical and pathological features of colon cancer tissue samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six patients who had undergone colectomy for colon cancer were examined. To assess patients' disease-free survival, those who had metastasis at the time of surgical operation were excluded. Immunohistochemistry was performed by the indirect immunoperoxidase method, using serial sections made from formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissue blocks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the expression of vascular CN in the peripheral region of colon cancer tissues was significantly reduced in association with tumor progression, lymphatic invasion, vascular invasion and recurrence. This reduction of CN indicated not only a decrease of pericytes and/or smooth muscle cells in tumor vessels, but also the immaturity of those cells, since CN down-regulation occurred even in alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive cells. The down-regulation of CN in vessels in the peripheral region of tumor tissues was inversely associated with the expression of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), seemingly advantageous to angiogenesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The down-regulation of CN expression in colon cancer vasculature evaluated by immunohistochemistry may be useful in conjunction with conventional staging procedures to predict more reliable outcome and to select therapeutic treatment.
authors: Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute on Aging and Adaptation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan. yoko-y@hsp.md.shinshu-u.ac.jp
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Yanagisawa
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Takeoka
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Ehara
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Itano
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Miyagawa
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Taniguchi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000378:metabolism*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D000096985:Calponins
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D000096985:Calponins