title: Risk compensation and vaccination: can getting vaccinated cause people to engage in risky behaviors?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Some believe that vaccinating young women against human papillomavirus (HPV) will increase their risky behavior. In more formal terms, vaccination lowers risk perception, and people compensate for their lower perceived risk by reducing other preventive behaviors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We test several predictions from the risk compensation hypothesis in the context of vaccination behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  We obtained a random sample of adults (N=705), interviewing them by phone just as the Lyme disease vaccine first became available to the public and again 18 months later. Analyses controlled for age, sex, education, and race.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vaccinated respondents were less likely to continue engaging in two of five protective behaviors after vaccination. The frequency of these protective behaviors did not dip below that among the unvaccinated respondents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found some evidence of regression (protective behaviors dropping, after vaccination, to levels reported by the unvaccinated cohort). However, we did not find disinhibition (exceeding the risk taking of the unvaccinated cohort), the greater threat to public health. Although we will not know for several years what effect HPV vaccination has on other behaviors, if any, data on other vaccinations can offer critically important information in the interim.
authors: UNC School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA. ntb1@unc.edu
authors: Noel T
authors: NT
authors: Brewer
authors: Cara L
authors: CL
authors: Cuite
authors: James E
authors: JE
authors: Herrington
authors: Neil D
authors: ND
authors: Weinstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines