title: Internal sinus manipulation (ISM) procedure: a technical report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The sinus augmentation procedure has facilitated dental implant treatment in the posterior maxilla where there is insufficient bone for implant placement. A modified Caldwell-Luc, lateral window technique can be applied in most cases needing sinus augmentation in order to create a larger bone volume. However, treatment morbidity can be a concern, especially in the form of postoperative swelling due to surgical trauma. Vertical augmentation using osteotomes has also been selected as a choice of treatment due to less invasive surgery and less postoperative trauma. Although the osteotome technique enables the surgeon to raise the sinus membrane internally through an implant osteotomy site, the quantity and predictability of bone augmentation can be limiting due to the elasticity of the Schneiderian sinus membrane, difficulty of the membrane to separate from the floor as well as the inability to have direct tactile access to "peel" the membrane off of the floor.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this report is to present a new, minimally invasive sinus augmentation technique, called the Internal Sinus Manipulation (ISM) procedure, which has been developed to facilitate sinus floor augmentation while reducing treatment morbidity and yet have direct tactile access to raise the membrane off of the sinus floor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Access to the Schneiderian sinus membrane is achieved without perforation of the membrane through a conventional osteotomy drilling procedure alone or combined with osteotome technique, followed by reflection of the membrane utilizing special ISM instrumentation and bone graft procedure laterally and vertically through the osteotomy site. A planned implant is then placed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Internal Sinus Manipulation procedure can be used as an alternative treatment modality for sinus augmentation as compared to the external lateral window technique while reducing postoperative morbidity for the patients who need implant treatment in posterior maxillary areas.
authors: Department of Periodontics, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA. Gums123@aol.com
authors: Jason M
authors: JM
authors: Yamada
authors: Hyoung-Jin
authors: HJ
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000637:transplantation; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery*; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: C077540:Bio-Oss; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D015921:Dental Implants; D008903:Minerals