title: Validation of a short tandem repeat multiplex typing system for genetic individualization of domestic cat samples.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To conduct developmental validation studies on a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based short tandem repeat (STR) multiplex typing system, developed for the purpose of genetic individualization and parentage testing in domestic cat samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  To evaluate reproducibility of the typing system, the multiplex was amplified using DNA extracted from hair, blood, and buccal samples obtained from the same individual (n=13). Additional studies were performed to evaluate the system's species' specificity, using 26 North American mammalian species and two prokaryotes Sacchromyces and Escherichia coli, sensitivity, and ability to identify DNA mixtures. Patterns of Mendelian inheritance and mutation rates for the 11 loci were directly examined in a large multi-generation domestic cat pedigree (n=263).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our studies confirm that the multiplex system was species-specific for feline DNA and amplified robustly with as little as 125 picograms of genomic template DNA, demonstrating good product balance. The multiplex generated all components of a two DNA mixture when the minor component was one tenth of the major component at a threshold of 50 relative fluorescence units. The multiplex was reproducible in multiple tissue types of the same individual. Mutation rates for the 11 STR were within the range of sex averaged rates observed for Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) loci.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cat STR multiplex typing system is a robust and reliable tool for the use of forensic DNA analysis of domestic cat samples.
authors: Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
authors: Nikia
authors: N
authors: Coomber
authors: Victor A
authors: VA
authors: David
authors: Stephen J
authors: SJ
authors: O'Brien
authors: Marilyn
authors: M
authors: Menotti-Raymond
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats / Q000235:genetics*; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats
references: J Hered. 2003 Jan-Feb;94(1):95-106
references: 12692169
references: J Forensic Sci. 2005 Sep;50(5):1061-70
references: 16225210
references: Cytogenet Genome Res. 2003;102(1-4):272-6
references: 14970716
references: J Forensic Sci. 2004 Jan;49(1):71-80
references: 14979347
references: Forensic Sci Int. 2004 May 10;141(2-3):149-51
references: 15062955
references: PCR Methods Appl. 1992 May;1(4):241-50
references: 1477658
references: J Forensic Sci. 1999 Nov;44(6):1243-57
references: 10582363
references: J Hered. 2000 May-Jun;91(3):186-97
references: 10833043
references: Forensic Sci Int. 2000 Aug 14;112(2-3):151-61
references: 10940600
references: Nature. 2001 Feb 1;409(6820):614-8
references: 11214319
references: Mol Biol Evol. 2001 Jun;18(6):1151-6
references: 11371606
references: J Forensic Sci. 2001 May;46(3):647-60
references: 11373004
references: Int J Legal Med. 2001 Oct;115(2):79-81
references: 11724435
references: Genome Res. 2002 Mar;12(3):414-23
references: 11875029
references: Int J Legal Med. 2002 Oct;116(5):286-8
references: 12376839
references: J Hered. 2002 Sep-Oct;93(5):303-11
references: 12547918
references: J Forensic Sci. 2003 Jan;48(1):93-103
references: 12570206
references: Curr Biol. 2003 Mar 4;13(5):448-53
references: 12620197
references: Hum Mol Genet. 1993 Apr;2(4):411-5
references: 8504301
references: Hum Mol Genet. 1993 Aug;2(8):1123-8
references: 8401493
references: J Mol Evol. 1997;44 Suppl 1:S98-116
references: 9071018
references: Nature. 1997 Apr 24;386(6627):774
references: 9126735
references: J Forensic Sci. 1997 Nov;42(6):1039-51
references: 9397545
references: Forensic Sci Int. 1998 Jan 9;91(1):41-53
references: 9493344
references: Forensic Sci Int. 1998 Jan 9;91(1):55-70
references: 9493345
references: Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Jun;62(6):1408-15
references: 9585597
references: Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Jul;63(1):259-66
references: 9634505
references: J Forensic Sci. 1998 Jul;43(4):854-70
references: 9670511
references: J Forensic Sci. 1999 Jan;44(1):77-81
references: 9987873
references: Int J Legal Med. 1999;112(5):315-6
references: 10460424
references: Croat Med J. 2005 Aug;46(4):598-605
references: 16100763
references: Int J Legal Med. 2005 Sep;119(5):295-302
references: 15834735
references: Croat Med J. 2003 Jun;44(3):327-31
references: 12808727