Periodontal therapy alters gene expression of peripheral blood monocytes.
OBJECTIVE
We investigated the effects of periodontal therapy on gene expression of peripheral blood monocytes.


METHODS
Fifteen patients with periodontitis gave blood samples at four time points: 1 week before periodontal treatment (#1), at treatment initiation (baseline, #2), 6-week (#3) and 10-week post-baseline (#4). At baseline and 10 weeks, periodontal status was recorded and subgingival plaque samples were obtained. Periodontal therapy (periodontal surgery and extractions without adjunctive antibiotics) was completed within 6 weeks. At each time point, serum concentrations of 19 biomarkers were determined. Peripheral blood monocytes were purified, RNA was extracted, reverse-transcribed, labelled and hybridized with AffymetrixU133Plus2.0 chips. Expression profiles were analysed using linear random-effects models. Further analysis of gene ontology terms summarized the expression patterns into biologically relevant categories. Differential expression of selected genes was confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in a subset of patients.


RESULTS
Treatment resulted in a substantial improvement in clinical periodontal status and reduction in the levels of several periodontal pathogens. Expression profiling over time revealed more than 11,000 probe sets differentially expressed at a false discovery rate of <0.05. Approximately 1/3 of the patients showed substantial changes in expression in genes relevant to innate immunity, apoptosis and cell signalling.


CONCLUSIONS
The data suggest that periodontal therapy may alter monocytic gene expression in a manner consistent with a systemic anti-inflammatory effect.
Papapanou
Panos N
PN
Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. pp192@columbia.edu
Sedaghatfar
Michael H
MH
Demmer
Ryan T
RT
Wolf
Dana L
DL
Yang
Jun
J
Roth
Georg A
GA
Celenti
Romanita
R
Belusko
Paul B
PB
Lalla
Evanthia
E
Pavlidis
Paul
P
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics
D015415:Biomarkers; D012313:RNA
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