Chinese kindergartners' automatic processing of numerical magnitude in stroop-like tasks.
Using Stroop-like tasks, this study examined whether Chinese kindergartners showed automatic processing of numerical magnitude. A total of 36 children (mean age = 5 years 10 months) were asked to perform physical size comparison (i.e., "Which of two numbers is bigger in physical size?") and numerical magnitude tasks (i.e., "Which of two numbers is bigger in numerical magnitude?") on 216 number pairs. These number pairs varied in levels of congruence between numerical magnitude and physical size (for Stroop effect) and numerical distance (for distance effect). On the basis of analyses of response time and error rates, we found that Chinese kindergartners showed automatic processing of numerical magnitude. These results are significantly different from previous studies' findings about the onset age (ranging from around the end of first grade to third grade) for automatic processing of numerical magnitude.
Zhou
Xinlin
X
Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Chen
Yao
Y
Chen
Chuansheng
C
Jiang
Ting
T
Zhang
Hongchuan
H
Dong
Qi
Q
D044466:Asian People; D001332:Automatism; D002656:Child Day Care Centers; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014796:Visual Perception
Nature. 1967 Sep 30;215(5109):1519-20
6052760
J Exp Child Psychol. 2000 Jun;76(2):104-22
10788305
Cognition. 2003 Aug;89(1):B15-25
12893126
Mem Cognit. 1980 Nov;8(6):612-22
6163942
Cogn Psychol. 2001 Aug;43(1):53-81
11487294
Mem Cognit. 1982 Jul;10(4):389-95
7132716
J Exp Child Psychol. 1999 Dec;74(4):286-308
10552920
Child Dev. 1990 Aug;61(4):1053-66
2209177
Neuropsychologia. 1998 Nov;36(11):1167-79
9842762
Trends Neurosci. 1998 Aug;21(8):355-61
9720604
Cognition. 2000 Jan 10;74(1):B1-B11
10594312
Psychol Sci. 2000 Mar;11(2):147-52
11273422
Neuropsychologia. 1979;17(5):467-72
514483
Child Dev. 1995 Aug;66(4):1214-34
7671657
J Exp Child Psychol. 2002 Jan;81(1):74-92
11741375
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1995 Mar;21(2):314-26
7738503
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 1987 Apr;13(2):107-15
3572305
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2001 Jun;130(2):299-315
11409105
J Exp Child Psychol. 1999 Aug;73(4):289-314
10419645
Cognition. 1986 Jun;23(1):1-20
3742988
Nature. 1992 Aug 27;358(6389):749-50
1508269
Science. 1993 Jan 1;259(5091):53-8
8418494
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Jun 23;95(13):7836-41
9636237