title: Facial EMG as an index of affective response to nicotine.
abstract: Negative affect reduction has been postulated to be a key feature of cigarette smoking. In the present study, facial electromyography (EMG), heart rate (HR), and skin conductance response (SCR) were used to evaluate the affective significance of acute nicotine administration and overnight withdrawal. Smokers (N = 115) attended four 90-min laboratory assessment sessions scheduled approximately 3 days apart. The sessions provided a complete crossing of 2 prelaboratory deprivation conditions (12-hr deprived vs. nondeprived) with 2 drug conditions (nicotine vs. placebo nasal spray). During each session, smokers viewed affective slides while facial EMG, HR, and SCR were recorded. Results indicated that for women, nicotine nasal spray resulted in lower corrugator EMG activity during both smoking-deprived and nondeprived sessions, compared with placebo. However, nondeprived women also showed an increase in zygomaticus EMG when given nicotine compared with placebo spray, whereas smoking-deprived women demonstrated a decrease in the zygomaticus response to nicotine compared with placebo. With men, nicotine also appeared to lower corrugator during deprivation, but not nondeprivation, compared with placebo spray, though the contrast only approached significance. With zygomaticus EMG, nicotine spray decreased men's zygomaticus responding during nondeprivation but not during deprivation, compared with placebo spray. The HR results reflected the stimulatory properties of the drug rather than nicotine's affective properties, whereas SCR was unresponsive to our experimental manipulations. The corrugator EMG results support negative reinforcement models of smoking that postulate that acute nicotine use reduces withdrawal-driven negative affect.
authors: Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230, USA. jdrobinson@mdanderson.org
authors: Jason D
authors: JD
authors: Robinson
authors: Paul M
authors: PM
authors: Cinciripini
authors: Brain L
authors: BL
authors: Carter
authors: Cho Y
authors: CY
authors: Lam
authors: David W
authors: DW
authors: Wetter
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000379:methods; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response / Q000187:drug effects; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D009538:Nicotine
references: Addiction. 1999 Mar;94(3):327-40
references: 10605857
references: Drug Alcohol Depend. 1996 Nov;42(3):209-15
references: 8912804
references: Annu Rev Psychol. 1989;40:191-225
references: 2648975
references: Nicotine Tob Res. 2006 Jun;8(3):361-9
references: 16801294
references: Can J Exp Psychol. 2003 Sep;57(3):152-66
references: 14596474
references: Psychophysiology. 1986 May;23(3):272-82
references: 3749407
references: Addiction. 2001 Sep;96(9):1349-56
references: 11672499
references: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1990 Feb;58(1):85-92
references: 2319049
references: Addict Behav. 2007 Mar;32(3):543-61
references: 16842931
references: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1992 Jun;42(2):301-11
references: 1631184
references: Psychophysiology. 1986 Sep;23(5):567-89
references: 3809364
references: Psychophysiology. 1989 May;26(3):311-20
references: 2756080
references: Psychophysiology. 2000 Jan;37(1):13-20
references: 10705763
references: Psychophysiology. 1995 Sep;32(5):436-43
references: 7568637
references: Am Heart J. 1993 Mar;125(3):818-23
references: 8438711
references: Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2001 Dec;4(4):371-6
references: 11806862
references: Percept Mot Skills. 1994 Jun;78(3 Pt 1):787-800
references: 8084692
references: Psychophysiology. 1993 May;30(3):279-86
references: 8497557
references: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1994 Feb;62(1):141-6
references: 8034816
references: Soc Sci Med. 1983;17(16):1107-23
references: 6623118
references: J Health Soc Behav. 1980 Dec;21(4):383-8
references: 7204932
references: Int J Psychophysiol. 2004 Jan;51(2):143-53
references: 14693364
references: Addict Behav. 1984;9(3):265-71
references: 6496202
references: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986 Feb;50(2):260-8
references: 3701577
references: Psychol Bull. 1984 Jan;95(1):52-77
references: 6242437
references: Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 1999 Aug;7(3):250-6
references: 10472513
references: Psychophysiology. 1987 May;24(3):278-85
references: 3602283
references: Addict Behav. 1993 Jan-Feb;18(1):35-40
references: 8465674
references: Br J Addict. 1991 Sep;86(9):1119-27
references: 1932883
references: Addict Behav. 1989;14(4):379-86
references: 2782121
references: Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1997 Oct;62(4):453-63
references: 9357397
references: J Behav Med. 1983 Jun;6(2):207-16
references: 6620373
references: Psychol Rev. 2004 Jan;111(1):33-51
references: 14756584
references: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1996 Apr;64(2):366-79
references: 8871421
references: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004 Apr;173(1-2):160-6
references: 14726999
references: Psychophysiology. 2003 Sep;40(5):776-85
references: 14696731
references: Nebr Symp Motiv. 1986;34:257-323
references: 3627296
references: JAMA. 1994 Dec 14;272(22):1749-56
references: 7966923
references: J Clin Psychiatry. 1996 Nov;57(11):534-8
references: 8968303
references: Psychophysiology. 1993 May;30(3):261-73
references: 8497555
references: Psychol Rev. 1990 Jul;97(3):377-95
references: 2200076
references: Addict Behav. 1984;9(1):95-8
references: 6741672
references: Psychol Bull. 2003 Mar;129(2):270-304
references: 12696841
references: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1996 Aug;126(3):226-33
references: 8876022
references: Psychophysiology. 1979 Nov;16(6):495-512
references: 515293
references: Neuropharmacology. 2004;47 Suppl 1:3-13
references: 15464121
references: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1982;76(2):139-48
references: 6805024
references: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1982 Feb;50(1):71-86
references: 7056922
references: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2004 Jul;78(3):647-52
references: 15251274
references: Behav Neurosci. 1993 Dec;107(6):970-80
references: 8136072
references: Psychophysiology. 1996 Mar;33(2):103-11
references: 8851238
references: Br J Addict. 1992 Jul;87(7):1037-40
references: 1643396
references: Psychol Sci. 2000 Jan;11(1):86-9
references: 11228851
references: Nicotine Tob Res. 2006 Jun;8(3):379-92
references: 16801296
references: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1999 Aug;67(4):555-62
references: 10450626
references: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2002 Feb;70(1):216-27
references: 11860048
references: Psychophysiology. 1990 Sep;27(5):481-94
references: 2274612