title: Immune evaluation of biomaterials in TNF-alpha and IL-1beta at mRNA level.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine biomaterial biocompatibility and improve current methods of immunological evaluation TNF-alpha and IL1-beta were used as indicators at mRNA levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat peritoneal macrophages were stimulated with different biomaterials and expression of TNF-alpha and IL1-beta was measured by RT-PCR and compared within different groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Macrophages that were stimulated with PTFE produced significantly more TNF-alpha and IL1-beta than unstimulated macrophages (p < 0.001). The PLGA, NPG, beta-TCP, and CPC groups also induced moderate TNF-alpha and IL1-beta expression (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TNF-alpha and IL1-beta are sensitive indicators of immune stimulation that can help to monitor the levels of cellular activation induced by different biomaterials. Our findings showed that beta-TCP and CPC had a good biocompability, and CPC was the most biocompatible of all the biomaterials tested. While PTFE and NPG still had side effect because of producing pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro once implanted.
authors: Ninth People's Hospital School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao tong University/Shanghai Biomaterials Research & Testing Center, Shanghai 200023, China.
authors: Tingting
authors: T
authors: Ding
authors: Jiao
authors: J
authors: Sun
authors: Ping
authors: P
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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