title: Optimization of stir bar sorptive extraction applied to the determination of pesticides in vinegars.
abstract: Stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) has been evaluated for analysing pesticides in vinegar. The extraction analytical conditions have been optimised using a two-level factorial design expanded further to a central composite design. After optimization, the proposed analytical conditions are: sample volume 40 mL, sampling time 150 min, and stirring speed 1000 rpm. On the basis of the results, it was decided not to add NaCl. The SBSE procedure developed shows detection limits and linear ranges adequate for analysing this type of compound, giving recoveries close to 100%. The repeatability and reproducibility values obtained were lower than 18 and 23%, respectively. The method was applied to a variety of commercial vinegars. SBSE is a very simple, solvent-free, and fast technique with high sensitivities.
authors: Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cádiz, P.O. Box 40, Pol. Río San Pedro, E-11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
authors: Enrique Durán
authors: ED
authors: Guerrero
authors: Remedios
authors: R
authors: Castro Mejías
authors: Ramón Natera
authors: RN
authors: Marín
authors: Carmelo García
authors: CG
authors: Barroso
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues; D019342:Acetic Acid