Neurocognitive effects of methamphetamine: a critical review and meta-analysis.
This review provides a critical analysis of the central nervous system effects of acute and chronic methamphetamine (MA) use, which is linked to numerous adverse psychosocial, neuropsychiatric, and medical problems. A meta-analysis of the neuropsychological effects of MA abuse/dependence revealed broadly medium effect sizes, showing deficits in episodic memory, executive functions, information processing speed, motor skills, language, and visuoconstructional abilities. The neuropsychological deficits associated with MA abuse/dependence are interpreted with regard to their possible neural mechanisms, most notably MA-associated frontostriatal neurotoxicity. In addition, potential explanatory factors are considered, including demographics (e.g., gender), MA use characteristics (e.g., duration of abstinence), and the influence of common psychiatric (e.g., other substance-related disorders) and neuromedical (e.g., HIV infection) comorbidities. Finally, these findings are discussed with respect to their potential contribution to the clinical management of persons with MA abuse/dependence.
Scott
J Cobb
JC
Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University and University of California, San Diego, CA 92120, USA.
Woods
Steven Paul
SP
Matt
Georg E
GE
Meyer
Rachel A
RA
Heaton
Robert K
RK
Atkinson
J Hampton
JH
Grant
Igor
I
D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008694:Methamphetamine
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