title: Sage extract rich in phenolic diterpenes inhibits ultraviolet-induced erythema in vivo.
abstract: The leaves of sage (Salvia officinalis L., Lamiaceae) contain high amounts of phenolic diterpenes such as carnosol and carnosic acid. These compounds display antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. Here, we have investigated the anti-inflammatory potency of a sage extract (SE) rich in phenolic diterpenes in vivo using the ultraviolet (UV) erythema test. In a prospective randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study, test areas on the backs of 40 healthy volunteers were irradiated with the 1.5-fold minimal erythema dose. Subsequently, the test areas were treated occlusively with 2% SE in a hydrophilic ointment, compared to 1% hydrocortisone and 0.1% betamethasone as positive controls, and the vehicle alone as placebo. Erythema values were measured photometrically prior to irradiation and after 48 hours. Compared to placebo, SE significantly reduced the ultraviolet-induced erythema, to a similar extent as hydrocortisone. These data suggest that SE might be useful in the topical treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.
authors: Department of Dermatology, University Medical Centre, Freiburg, Germany.
authors: Juliane
authors: J
authors: Reuter
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Jocher
authors: Silke
authors: S
authors: Hornstein
authors: Jürgen Schulte
authors: JS
authors: Mönting
authors: Christoph M
authors: CM
authors: Schempp
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004890:Erythema / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D010636:Phenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D027543:Salvia officinalis; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts