title: The influence of cervical finish line, internal relief, and cement type on the cervical adaptation of metal crowns.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the cervical adaptation of metal crowns under several conditions, namely (1) variations in the cervical finish line of the preparation, (2) application of internal relief inside the crowns, and (3) cementation using different luting materials.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred eighty stainless-steel master dies were prepared simulating full crown preparations: 60 in chamfer (CH), 60 in 135-degree shoulder (OB), and 60 in rounded shoulder (OR). The finish lines were machined at approximate dimensions of a molar tooth preparation (height: 5.5 mm; cervical diameter: 8 mm; occlusal diameter: 6.4 mm; taper degree: 6; and cervical finish line width: 0.8 mm). One hundred eighty corresponding copings with the same finish lines were fabricated. A 30-Microm internal relief was machined 0.5 mm above the cervical finish line in 90 of these copings. The fit of the die and the coping was measured from all specimens (L0) prior to cementation using an optical microscope. After manipulation of the 3 types of cements (zinc phosphate, glass-ionomer, and resin cement), the coping was luted on the corresponding standard master die under 5-kgf loading for 4 minutes. Vertical discrepancy was again measured (L1), and the difference between L1 and L0 indicated the cervical adaptation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant influence of the finish line, cement type, and internal relief was observed on the cervical adaptation (P <.001). The CH type of cervical finish line resulted in the best cervical adaptation of the metal crowns regardless of the cement type either with or without internal relief (36.6 +/- 3 to 100.8 +/- 4 Microm) (3-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test, a = .05). The use of glass-ionomer cement resulted in the least cervical discrepancy (36.6 +/- 3 to 115 +/- 4 Microm) than those of other cements (45.2 +/- 4 to 130.3 +/- 2 Microm) in all conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The best cervical adaptation was achieved with the chamfer type of finish line. The internal relief improved the marginal adaptation significantly, and the glass-ionomer cement led to the best cervical adaptation, followed by zinc phosphate and resin cement.
authors: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Brazil. mmbottino@uol.com.br
authors: Marco Antonio
authors: MA
authors: Bottino
authors: Luiz Felipe
authors: LF
authors: Valandro
authors: Leonardo
authors: L
authors: Buso
authors: Mutlu
authors: M
authors: Ozcan
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002484:Cementation / Q000379:methods*; D003442:Crowns; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D019279:Resin Cements; D013193:Stainless Steel; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D019237:Tooth Cervix; D019231:Tooth Preparation, Prosthodontic; D015036:Zinc Phosphate Cement
chemical_list: D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D019279:Resin Cements; D013193:Stainless Steel; D015036:Zinc Phosphate Cement