title: Diverse genotypes of Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) identified in infant blood infections in African childhood-KS and HIV/AIDS endemic region.
abstract: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV-8) has been associated with several neoplasias, including childhood endemic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). It is possible that strain genotypes could contribute to the differences in regional presentation (mainly sub-Saharan Africa), childhood infection, lack of male sex bias, distinct disseminated forms and rapid fatality observed for childhood endemic KS. Early studies, at the advent of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, identified only the K1-A5 genotype in childhood KS biopsies as well as blood of a few HIV positive and negative febrile infants in Zambia, a highly endemic region. This current enlarged study analyses blood infections of 200 hospitalized infants (6-34 months age) with symptoms of fever as well as upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhoea, rash or rhinitis. KSHV and HIV viraemia and were prevalent in this group, 22% and 39%, respectively. Multiple markers at both variable ends of the genome (K1, K12, and K14.1/K15) were examined, showing diverse previously adult-linked genotypes (K1 A2, A5, B, C3, D, with K12 B1 and B2 plus K14.1/K15 P or M) detected in both HIV positive and negative infants, demonstrating little restriction on KSHV genotypes for infant/childhood transmission in a childhood endemic KS endemic region. This supports the interpretation that the acquisition of childhood KSHV infections and subsequent development of KS are due to additional co-factors.
authors: Virology Department, University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia Medical School, Lusaka, Zambia.
authors: F C
authors: FC
authors: Kasolo
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Spinks
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Bima
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Bates
authors: U A
authors: UA
authors: Gompels
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000473:pathology; D019353:Endemic Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005076:Exanthema / Q000473:pathology; D005335:Fever of Unknown Origin / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D005814:Genes, Viral; D015658:HIV Infections; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000473:pathology; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014766:Viremia; D015024:Zambia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: C111600:K1 protein, Human herpesvirus 8; D014764:Viral Proteins
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