title: In vitro metabolism of eupatilin by multiple cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes.
abstract: Eupatilin, a pharmacologically active flavone derived from Artemisia plants, is extensively metabolized to eupatilin glucuronide, 4-O-desmethyleupatilin and 4-O-desmethyleupatilin glucuronide in human liver microsomes. This study characterized the human liver cytochrome P450 (CYP) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes responsible for the metabolism of eupatilin. The specific CYPs responsible for O-demethylation of eupatilin to the major metabolite, 4-O-desmethyleupatilin were identified using a combination of correlation analysis, immuno-inhibition, chemical inhibition in human liver microsomes and metabolism by human cDNA-expressed CYP enzymes. UGT enzymes involved in the eupatilin glucuronidation were identified using pooled human liver microsomes and human cDNA-expressed UGT enzymes. Eupatilin was predominantly metabolized by CYP1A2 and, to a lesser extent, CYP2C8 mediated O-demethylation of eupatilin to 4-O-desmethyleupatilin. Eupatilin glucuronidation was catalysed by UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A7, UGT1A8, UGT1A9, and UGT1A10.
authors: Drug Metabolism and Bioanalysis Laboratory, College of Pharmacy and Medicinal Resources Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea. hslee@wonkwang.ac.kr
authors: H S
authors: HS
authors: Lee
authors: H Y
authors: HY
authors: Ji
authors: E J
authors: EJ
authors: Park
authors: S Y
authors: SY
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000187:drug effects; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism*; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D020719:Glucuronides / Q000378:metabolism; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D020719:Glucuronides; C045325:eupatilin; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase