title: Exercise alone reduces insulin resistance in obese children independently of changes in body composition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The number of obese children with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes is increasing, but the best management strategy is not clear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a structured 8-wk exercise training program on insulin resistance and changes in body composition in obese children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was 8 wk of structured supervised exercise intervention with outcome measures before and after the exercise period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen obese children (12.70 +/- 2.32 yr; eight male, six female) with high fasting insulin levels were enrolled into the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  INTERVENTION consisted of 8 wk of supervised circuit-based exercise training, composed of three fully supervised 1-h sessions per week.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outcome measures were assessed pretraining program and posttraining program and included insulin sensitivity (euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp studies), fasting insulin and glucose levels, body composition using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scan, lipid profile, and liver function tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Insulin sensitivity improved significantly after 8 wk of training (M(lbm) 8.20 +/- 3.44 to 10.03 +/- 4.33 mg/kg.min, P < 0.05). Submaximal exercise heart rate responses were significantly lower following the training (P < 0.05), indicating an improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scans revealed no differences in lean body mass or abdominal fat mass.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An 8-wk exercise training program increases insulin sensitivity in obese children, and this improvement occurred in the presence of increased cardiorespiratory fitness but is independent of measurable changes in body composition.
authors: Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
authors: Lana M
authors: LM
authors: Bell
authors: Katie
authors: K
authors: Watts
authors: Aris
authors: A
authors: Siafarikas
authors: Alisha
authors: A
authors: Thompson
authors: Nirubasini
authors: N
authors: Ratnam
authors: Max
authors: M
authors: Bulsara
authors: Judith
authors: J
authors: Finn
authors: Gerry
authors: G
authors: O'Driscoll
authors: Daniel J
authors: DJ
authors: Green
authors: Timothy W
authors: TW
authors: Jones
authors: Elizabeth A
authors: EA
authors: Davis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin