Enhanced phosphorus nutrition in monocots and dicots over-expressing a phosphorus-responsive type I H+-pyrophosphatase.
Plants challenged by limited phosphorus undergo dramatic morphological and architectural changes in their root systems in order to increase their absorptive surface area. In this paper, it is shown that phosphorus deficiency results in increased expression of the type I H+-pyrophosphatase AVP1 (AVP, Arabidopsis vacuolar pyrophosphatase), subsequent increased P-type adenosine triphosphatase (P-ATPase)-mediated rhizosphere acidification and root proliferation. Molecular genetic manipulation of AVP1 expression in Arabidopsis, tomato and rice results in plants that outperform controls when challenged with limited phosphorus. However, AVP1 over-expression and the resulting rhizosphere acidification do not result in increased sensitivity to AlPO4, apparently because of the enhancement of potassium uptake and the release of organic acids. Thus, the over-expression of type I H+-pyrophosphatases appears to be a generally applicable technology to help alleviate agricultural losses in low-phosphorus tropical/subtropical soils and to reduce phosphorus runoff pollution of aquatic and marine environments resulting from fertilizer application.
Yang
Haibing
H
Department of Plant Science, University of Connecticut, 1390 Storrs Road, Storrs, CT 06269-4163, USA.
Knapp
Jane
J
Koirala
Pratistha
P
Rajagopal
Divya
D
Peer
Wendy Ann
WA
Silbart
Lawrence K
LK
Murphy
Angus
A
Gaxiola
Roberto A
RA
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D018533:Biomass; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D043564:Inorganic Pyrophosphatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D012275:Oryza / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000254:growth & development; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D017494:Proton Pumps / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000254:growth & development
D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D010710:Phosphates; D017494:Proton Pumps; C505048:AVP1 protein, Arabidopsis; D043564:Inorganic Pyrophosphatase; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases; D011188:Potassium