title: Antitumor activity of polyphenolic extract of Ichnocarpus frutescens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Phytochemical and dietary antioxidants are known to decrease the risk of many diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. In this study polyphenolic extract (PPE) of leaves of Ichnocarpus frutescens was evaluated for antitumor activity in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Murine Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) model was used to assess PPE antitumor activity in vivo. PPE cytotoxicity was determined in vitro in U-937 monocytoid leukemia and K-562 erythroleukemia cell lines. PPE also have been assessed for the free radical scavenging activity against superoxide and nitric oxide radicals. Acute oral toxicity was performed by acute toxic classic method. The total phenolics content was quantified by the Folin-Ciocalteu method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results of in vivo study showed a significant decrease in tumor volume, viable tumor cell count and a significant increase of life span in the PPE treated group compared to untreated one: the life span of PPE treated animals increased by 53.41% (50 mg PPE/kg) and 73.95% (100 mg PPE/kg). PPE (5, 10 and 20 microg/mL) effectively inhibits in vitro proliferation of U-937 and K-562 cell lines. PPE exhibited pronounced radical scavenging activity with an inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) value of 167.46 microg/mL and 158.52 microg/mL against superoxide and nitric oxide radicals, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PPE of Ichnocarpus frutescens possesses strong free radical scavenging activity and anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo.
authors: Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Research Laboratory, Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India.
authors: C T
authors: CT
authors: Kumarappan
authors: Subhash C
authors: SC
authors: Mandal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002286:Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor / Q000188:drug therapy; D002452:Cell Count; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D020014:K562 Cells; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D015996:Survival Rate; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D047368:Tumor Burden / Q000187:drug effects; D020298:U937 Cells; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D012997:Solvents; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol