title: Short and long term results of the laparoscopic Heller-Dor myotomy. The influence of age and previous conservative therapies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the long-term outcome and quality of life (QoL) data, and to assess the potential influence of age and different conservative procedures on laparoscopic surgery.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Current therapies for achalasia can palliate dysphagia, but other symptoms may persist, making it difficult to quantify and compare. To understand if they could influence results, we analyzed short- and long-term results and correlated them to age and previous conservative treatments using a specific QoL test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Functional examinations (endoscopy, 24-hr pH manometry, upper GI X-rays) and the gastrointestinal quality of life index (GIQLI) were used before and after a laparoscopic Heller-Dor myotomy. Data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and Spearman's rho coefficient for bivariate correlations (p < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  From January 1996 to January 2004, 31 consecutive patients out of 35 diagnosed with achalasia, in clinical stages I-III, were operated on by laparoscopy . Two groups were identified using the break point of 70 years of age, (20 younger and 15 older) and two subgroups according to the conservative therapy performed (20, none; 15, some). Patients underwent a clinical manometry evaluation at six and 12 months, and then yearly, and pH-metry at six, 24, and 60 months. In 78% of patients dysphagia disappeared and the incidence of reflux was 13%. Age and previous treatments did not influence surgical outcome. Patients completed a GIQLI questionnaire before surgery, six months after surgery, and then yearly (for five years). The median preoperative GIQLI score was 78 (range 38-109) out of a theoretical maximum score of 144. At a median follow-up of 49 months (range 24-72 months), the score had significantly improved to 115 (range 71-140). There was no significant statistical difference between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic Heller-Dor myotomy is an effective palliation for achalasia; the long-term outcome is not significantly affected by preoperative conservative treatments or by the age of the patients. The GIQLI questionnaire is a reliable instrument to compare the impact of achalasia symptoms on health-related QoL before and after surgery.
authors: Systemic Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. ferulano@unina.it
authors: Giuseppe Paolo
authors: GP
authors: Ferulano
authors: Saverio
authors: S
authors: Dilillo
authors: Michele
authors: M
authors: D'Ambra
authors: Ruggero
authors: R
authors: Lionetti
authors: Rossella
authors: R
authors: Brunaccino
authors: Domenico
authors: D
authors: Fico
authors: Domenico
authors: D
authors: Pelaggi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004931:Esophageal Achalasia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011788:Quality of Life; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome
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