title: The stimulus-dependent co-localization of serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase (Sgk) and Erk/MAPK in mammary tumor cells involves the mutual interaction with the importin-alpha nuclear import protein.
abstract: In Con8 rat mammary epithelial tumor cells, indirect immunofluorescence revealed that Sgk (serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase) and Erk/MAPK (extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase/mitogen activated protein kinase) co-localized to the nucleus in serum-treated cells and to the cytoplasmic compartment in cells treated with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone. Moreover, the subcellular distribution of the importin-alpha nuclear transport protein was similarly regulated in a signal-dependent manner. In vitro GST-pull down assays revealed the direct interaction of importin-alpha with either Sgk or Erk/MAPK, while RNA interference knockdown of importin-alpha expression disrupted the localization of both Sgk and Erk into the nucleus of serum-treated cells. Wild type or kinase dead forms of Sgk co-immunoprecipitated with Erk/MAPK from either serum- or dexamethasone-treated mammary tumor cells, suggesting the existence of a protein complex containing both kinases. In serum-treated cells, nucleus residing Sgk and Erk/MAPK were both hyperphosphorylated, indicative of their active states, whereas, in dexamethasone-treated cells Erk/MAPK, but not Sgk, was in its inactive hypophosphorylated state. Treatment with a MEK inhibitor, which inactivates Erk/MAPK, caused the relocalization of both Sgk and ERK to the cytoplasm. We therefore propose that the signal-dependent co-localization of Sgk and Erk/MAPK mediated by importin-alpha represents a new pathway of signal integration between steroid and serum/growth factor-regulated pathways.
authors: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and The Cancer Research Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA.
authors: Patricia
authors: P
authors: Buse
authors: Anita C
authors: AC
authors: Maiyar
authors: Kim L
authors: KL
authors: Failor
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Tran
authors: Meredith L L
authors: ML
authors: Leong
authors: Gary L
authors: GL
authors: Firestone
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D028901:alpha Karyopherins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases
chemical_list: D003907:Dexamethasone; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D028901:alpha Karyopherins; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases
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