title: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as an adjunct to constraint-induced therapy: an exploratory randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the potential adjuvant effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on motor learning in a group of stroke survivors undergoing constraint-induced therapy (CIT) for upper-limb hemiparesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, parallel group study. Nineteen individuals, one or more years poststroke, were randomized to either a rTMS + CIT (n = 9) or a sham rTMS + CIT (n = 10) group and participated in the 2-wk intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regardless of group assignment, participants demonstrated significant gains on the primary outcome measures: the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) and the Motor Activity Log (MAL)--Amount of Use, and on secondary outcome measures including the Box and Block Test (BBT) and the MAL--How Well. Participants receiving rTMS failed to show differential improvement on either primary outcome measure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although this study provided further evidence that even relatively brief sessions of CIT can have a substantial effect, it provided no support for adjuvant use of rTMS.
authors: Department of Occupational Therapy and NeuroRehabilitation Research Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
authors: Matthew P
authors: MP
authors: Malcolm
authors: William J
authors: WJ
authors: Triggs
authors: Kathye E
authors: KE
authors: Light
authors: Leslie J
authors: LJ
authors: Gonzalez Rothi
authors: Sam
authors: S
authors: Wu
authors: Kimberly
authors: K
authors: Reid
authors: Stephen E
authors: SE
authors: Nadeau
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D010291:Paresis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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