title: [Association between asthma and viral infections].
abstract: Viral respiratory infections are the factor most frequently associated with asthma (independently of phenotype, age, and phase of the natural history of asthma during which the infection occurs) and there is a strong temporal association between viral respiratory infections and acute obstructive/asthmatic episodes. Nevertheless, the role of viral infections in the pathogenesis of asthma remains poorly characterized. The factors that could explain this association are heterogeneous and sometimes contradictory. The four main causative mechanisms implicated in the association between viral respiratory infections and the subsequent development of asthma or wheezing in children are alterations in airway function and size, dysregulation (congenital and acquired) of airway tone, alterations in the immune response to infections, and the genetic variants involved in immune response. These mechanisms should be taken into account in future preventive and therapeutic strategies.
authors: Neumólogo Pediatra, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Chile. jacastro17@hotmail.com
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Castro-Rodríguez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000465:Algorithms; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000209:etiology; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000150:complications; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000150:complications*
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004 Apr 15;169(8):921-7
references: 14764431
references: Clin Exp Allergy. 2004 May;34(5):801-3
references: 15144474
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 Jan 15;171(2):137-41
references: 15516534
references: J Clin Invest. 1996 Feb 15;97(4):915-24
references: 8613544
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 May;161(5):1518-23
references: 10806148
references: Respirology. 2003 Sep;8(3):266-85
references: 14528876
references: J Exp Med. 2005 Mar 21;201(6):937-47
references: 15781584
references: Am Rev Respir Dis. 1993 Apr;147(4):811-7
references: 8466114
references: J Infect Dis. 2001 Jan 1;183(1):16-22
references: 11076709
references: Pediatr Res. 2002 Jun;51(6):696-9
references: 12032263
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Oct;162(4 Pt 1):1403-6
references: 11029352
references: BMJ. 1993 Oct 16;307(6910):982-6
references: 8241910
references: Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2005;2(2):157-61
references: 16113485
references: BMJ. 1995 May 13;310(6989):1225-9
references: 7767192
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Jan;163(1):37-42
references: 11208623
references: Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2004 Jun;92(6):659-62
references: 15237768
references: Nature. 2003 Jul 31;424(6948):516-23
references: 12872134
references: J Infect Dis. 2002 Nov 1;186(9):1207-11
references: 12402189
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995 Oct;152(4 Pt 1):1302-8
references: 7551386
references: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998 Dec;102(6 Pt 1):915-20
references: 9847431
references: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004 Nov;23(11):995-9
references: 15545853
references: J Infect Dis. 2003 Sep 15;188(6):904-7
references: 12964123
references: N Engl J Med. 1988 Oct 27;319(17):1112-7
references: 3173442
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997 Dec;156(6):1863-9
references: 9412567
references: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004 Mar;113(3):511-8
references: 15007355
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Aug;160(2):564-70
references: 10430729
references: Nat Med. 2006 Sep;12(9):1023-6
references: 16906156
references: Lancet. 2002 Mar 9;359(9309):831-4
references: 11897281
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 Nov 15;172(10):1253-8
references: 16109980
references: Clin Exp Allergy. 2005 Jan;35(1):59-63
references: 15649267
references: Eur Respir J. 2000 Jan;15(1):151-7
references: 10678638
references: Am J Med. 2003 Sep;115(4):272-7
references: 12967691
references: Allergy. 2003 Sep;58(9):878-84
references: 12911416
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 May 1;165(9):1294-8
references: 11991882
references: Thorax. 2000 Dec;55(12):1023-7
references: 11083887
references: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Apr;103(4):630-6
references: 10200012
references: Thorax. 2001 Aug;56(8):607-12
references: 11462062
references: N Engl J Med. 2004 Jan 29;350(5):443-50
references: 14749452
references: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006 Jan;117(1):72-8
references: 16387587
references: Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991 Feb;143(2):312-6
references: 1990945
references: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005 Nov;24(11 Suppl):S217-22, discussion S220-1
references: 16378049
references: Thorax. 2006 May;61(5):376-82
references: 16384881
references: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004 Sep;114(3):671-6
references: 15356575
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004 Jul 15;170(2):175-80
references: 15087299
references: J Immunol. 1998 May 15;160(10):4730-7
references: 9590218
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Jul;160(1):227-36
references: 10390405
references: Nat Med. 2001 Jun;7(6):719-24
references: 11385510
references: J Infect Dis. 2001 Aug 1;184(3):355-8
references: 11443563
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Feb;159(2):403-10
references: 9927350
references: N Engl J Med. 1995 Jan 19;332(3):133-8
references: 7800004
references: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1995 Nov;96(5 Pt 1):652-60
references: 7499682
references: J Infect Dis. 2006 Feb 1;193(3):387-95
references: 16388486
references: Lancet. 1999 Aug 14;354(9178):541-5
references: 10470697
references: J Med Virol. 1997 May;52(1):97-104
references: 9131465
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004 Jan 1;169(1):70-6
references: 14525803
references: Eur Respir J. 2002 Jan;19(1):68-75
references: 11852895
references: Clin Exp Allergy. 2004 Jul;34(7):1043-8
references: 15248848
references: Thorax. 2002 May;57(5):388-92
references: 11978912
references: J Clin Invest. 1997 Dec 15;100(12):3184-8
references: 9399966
references: Paediatr Respir Rev. 2004;5 Suppl A:S179-84
references: 14980267
references: Clin Exp Immunol. 2004 Jul;137(1):146-50
references: 15196255
references: Am J Epidemiol. 1999 Jun 1;149(11):1030-7
references: 10355379
references: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005 Jul;24(7):611-6
references: 15999002
references: Blood. 1998 Jul 1;92(1):11-8
references: 9639493