title: Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases expression in human cerebral ruptured and unruptured aneurysm.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  [corrected] Matrix metalloproteinases and TIMPs are potent elastases and collagenases, which regulate the remodeling of vascular and play an important role in the development of cerebral aneurysm. Until now, little quantitative data regarding MMPs and TIMPs exist.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue samples of cerebral aneurysm were obtained from 30 patients who underwent cerebral aneurysm clipping operation. We used real-time RT-PCR method to quantitatively measure mRNA levels in small tissue samples and determined gene expression levels of MMPs and TIMPs relative to that of GAPDH in each sample. The ELISA method has been used to measure the serum level of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in patients with cerebral ruptured aneurysm and patients with unruptured aneurysm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and MMP-9 were overexpressed in cerebral ruptured aneurysm compared with unruptured aneurysm (4.28 +/- 2.01 vs 0.16 +/- 0.12 [P < .01] and 5.21 +/- 0.87 vs 1.69 +/- 1.00 [P < .05], respectively). The expression levels of MMP-2 to TIMP-1, MMP-2 to TIMP-2, MMP-2 to TIMP-3, and MMP-9 to TIMP-2 were higher in cerebral ruptured aneurysms than in unruptured aneurysms (1.22 +/- 0.53 vs 0.18 +/- 0.05, 4.23 +/- 1.32 vs 0.53 +/- 0.12, 1.69 +/- 0.49 vs 0.18 +/- 0.02, and 7.61 +/- 1.61 vs 2.76 +/- 0.76, respectively; P < .05). Patients with cerebral ruptured aneurysm (n = 15) had higher serum MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels than those with unruptured aneurysm detectable by angiography (n = 15) (1047 +/- 33 vs 110 +/- 26 ng/mL and 1066 +/- 43 vs 120 +/- 27 ng/mL, respectively; P < .02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The disproportional expression of among MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP contribute to the evolution of cerebral aneurysm. Real-time RT-PCR method is suitable for the determination of mRNA levels in small samples of vascular tissue.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, ZhongShan Affiliated Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China.
authors: Dianshi
authors: D
authors: Jin
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Sheng
authors: Xinjian
authors: X
authors: Yang
authors: Baoshan
authors: B
authors: Gao
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017542:Aneurysm, Ruptured / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9