title: The chronic toxicity of alcohol alkoxylate surfactants on anaerobic granular sludge in the pulp and paper industry.
abstract: The chronic toxicity of an alcohol alkoxylate surfactant used in the pulp and paper industry was observed in methanogenic consortia under unfed conditions. Methanogenic inhibition was not observed until 250 h of famine conditions while in the presence of the surfactant. The delayed onset of inhibition is likely due to the amount of time necessary for the surfactant to partition into the cellular membrane which uncouples cellular energy conservation mechanisms and exhausts internal energy reserves necessary to maintain homeostasis.
authors: Lettinga Associates Foundation, P.O. Box 500, 6700 AM, Wageningen, The Netherlands. van-ginkel.steve@epamail.epa.gov
authors: Steven W
authors: SW
authors: Van Ginkel
authors: Sjon J M
authors: SJ
authors: Kortekaas
authors: Jules B
authors: JB
authors: Van Lier
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D012722:Sewage; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D013783:Textile Industry
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage; D013501:Surface-Active Agents