Nutrients intake and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Italy.
Although hepatitis C and B viruses and alcohol consumption are the major risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), dietary habits may also be relevant. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Italy in 1999-2002, including 185 HCC cases and 412 cancer-free controls. Dietary habits were assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire to compute nutrient intakes. Odds ratios (OR) and corresponding confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the energy-adjusted residual models. Inverse association emerged for linoleic acid (OR=0.35 for highest versus lowest tertile; 95% CI: 0.18-0.69) and, possibly, beta-carotene (OR=0.48; 95% CI: 0.24-0.93). Among minerals, iron intake was associated with increased HCC risk (OR=3.00; 95% CI: 1.25-7.23), but the association was considerably reduced when iron from wine was excluded (OR=1.61; 95% CI: 0.78-3.30). In conclusion, a diet rich in linoleic acid containing foods (e.g. white meats and fish) and beta-carotene was inversely related to HCC risk.
Polesel
Jerry
J
Unità di Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via F. Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy. polesel@cro.it
Talamini
Renato
R
Montella
Maurizio
M
Maso
Luigino Dal
LD
Crovatto
Marina
M
Parpinel
Maria
M
Izzo
Francesco
F
Tommasi
Luigi G
LG
Serraino
Diego
D
La Vecchia
Carlo
C
Franceschi
Silvia
S
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D019207:beta Carotene
D019207:beta Carotene; D019787:Linoleic Acid