title: Phycobiliprotein C-phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis is powerfully responsible for reducing oxidative stress and NADPH oxidase expression induced by an atherogenic diet in hamsters.
abstract: The effects of spirulina and its chromophore phycocyanin, both without bound Se or selenium-enriched, were studied on plasma cholesterol, early atherosclerosis, cardiac production of superoxide anions, and NAD(P)H oxidase expression in hamsters. Forty hamsters were divided into 5 groups of 8 and fed an atherogenic diet for 12 weeks. They received by gavage either 7.14 mL/(kg day) phycocyanin (PC), Se-rich phycocyanin (SePC), spirulina (SP) or Se-rich spirulina (SeSP) in water, or water as control. SeSP and SePC supplied 0.4 microg of Se per 100 g body weight. Plasma cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol concentrations were lower in group consuming SePC. HDL-cholesterol was never affected. SePC significantly increased plasma antioxidant capacity by 42% compared with controls. A sparing effect in liver glutathione peroxidase (87% on average) and superoxide dismutase (56% on average) activity was observed for all the groups compared to controls. Aortic fatty streak area was significantly reduced in the experimental groups, especially by PC (82%) and SePC (85%). Cardiac production of superoxide anion significantly decreased by approximately 46-76% in the four experimental groups and especially in SePC group (76%). The expression of p22phox subunit of NAD(P)H oxidase decreased by 34% after consumption of SePC. The results indicate that chronic consumption of Se-rich spirulina phycocyanin powerfully prevents the development of atherosclerosis. The underlying mechanism is related mainly to inhibiting pro-oxidant factors and at a lesser extent improving the serum lipid profile.
authors: EA 4188, Nutrition Humaine, Biodisponibilité et Athérogénèse, Place E. Bataillon, Université Montpellier 1 & 2, 34095 Montpellier, France.
authors: Jérome
authors: J
authors: Riss
authors: Kelly
authors: K
authors: Décordé
authors: Thibault
authors: T
authors: Sutra
authors: Martine
authors: M
authors: Delage
authors: Jean-Claude
authors: JC
authors: Baccou
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Jouy
authors: Jean-Pierre
authors: JP
authors: Brune
authors: Henri
authors: H
authors: Oréal
authors: Jean-Paul
authors: JP
authors: Cristol
authors: Jean-Max
authors: JM
authors: Rouanet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006224:Cricetinae; D004036:Diet, Atherogenic; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010798:Phycocyanin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D053545:Spirulina / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010798:Phycocyanin; D019255:NADPH Oxidases