title: Calcium signalling in lymphocyte activation and disease.
abstract: Calcium signals in cells of the immune system participate in the regulation of cell differentiation, gene transcription and effector functions. An increase in intracellular levels of calcium ions (Ca2+) results from the engagement of immunoreceptors, such as the T-cell receptor, B-cell receptor and Fc receptors, as well as chemokine and co-stimulatory receptors. The major pathway that induces an increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels in lymphocytes is through store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and calcium-release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels. This Review focuses on the role of Ca2+ signals in lymphocyte functions, the signalling pathways leading to Ca2+ influx, the function of the recently discovered regulators of Ca2+ influx (STIM and ORAI), and the relationship between Ca2+ signals and diseases of the immune system.
authors: Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA. stefan.feske@med.nyu.edu
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Feske
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; D016511:Severe Combined Immunodeficiency / Q000276:immunology*; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; C510746:ORAI1 protein, human; C103530:STIM1 protein, human; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1; D002118:Calcium