The amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex in morality and psychopathy.
Recent work has implicated the amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex in morality and, when dysfunctional, psychopathy. This model proposes that the amygdala, through stimulus-reinforcement learning, enables the association of actions that harm others with the aversive reinforcement of the victims' distress. Consequent information on reinforcement expectancy, fed forward to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, can guide the healthy individual away from moral transgressions. In psychopathy, dysfunction in these structures means that care-based moral reasoning is compromised and the risk that antisocial behavior is used instrumentally to achieve goals is increased.
Blair
R J R
RJ
Mood and Anxiety Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 15K North Drive, MSC 2670, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. blairj@intra.nimh.nih.gov
D000679:Amygdala / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology; D003657:Decision Making / Q000502:physiology; D004645:Empathy; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009014:Morals; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology