title: Mechanistic approaches to the study of evolution: the functional synthesis.
abstract: An emerging synthesis of evolutionary biology and experimental molecular biology is providing much stronger and deeper inferences about the dynamics and mechanisms of evolution than were possible in the past. The new approach combines statistical analyses of gene sequences with manipulative molecular experiments to reveal how ancient mutations altered biochemical processes and produced novel phenotypes. This functional synthesis has set the stage for major advances in our understanding of fundamental questions in evolutionary biology. Here we describe this emerging approach, highlight important new insights that it has made possible, and suggest future directions for the field.
authors: University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA. deanx024@umn.edu
authors: Antony M
authors: AM
authors: Dean
authors: Joseph W
authors: JW
authors: Thornton
mesh_terms: D000220:Adaptation, Biological; D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D003118:Color Perception / Q000235:genetics; D019020:Directed Molecular Evolution / Q000379:methods*; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D008967:Molecular Biology / Q000379:methods*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010858:Pigmentation / Q000235:genetics; D015202:Protein Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012641:Selection, Genetic
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins
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