title: Smoking status and adiponectin in healthy Japanese men and women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent studies promisingly indicate that adiponectin plays an important and fundamental role in the development and progression of metabolic and atherosclerosis disorders. Smoking is known as one of the most important risk factors of atherosclerosis, and its relation with metabolic disorders has also been reported. We therefore investigated the association between cigarette smoking and adiponectin concentration in a large sample of Japanese men and women.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cross-sectional study was carried out in 2002. The subjects were 3260 men and 953 women local government workers aged 35 to 59 in Japan. Lifestyle-related variables including detailed smoking history were inquired in a self-administered questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences in adiponectin levels related to smoking status were observed in both men and women (p=0.001). A dose-dependent association was found between the intensity of smoking and adiponectin levels in current smokers, and was statistically significant in men (p for trend=0.006 in the multivariate-adjusted model). Men who quit smoking for more than 20 years and women for more than 10 years had an adiponectin concentration similar to that observed in non-smokers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We not only revealed that current smoking habit was associated with low adiponectin level but also found a dose-dependent association between smoking intensity and adiponectin level in current smokers. The present finding may provide further evidence of the importance of a causal relationship between smoking status and adiponectin concentrations.
authors: Department of Public Health/Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors: Seiko
authors: S
authors: Takefuji
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Yatsuya
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Tamakoshi
authors: Rei
authors: R
authors: Otsuka
authors: Keiko
authors: K
authors: Wada
authors: Kunihiro
authors: K
authors: Matsushita
authors: Kaichiro
authors: K
authors: Sugiura
authors: Yo
authors: Y
authors: Hotta
authors: Hirotsugu
authors: H
authors: Mitsuhashi
authors: Yutaka
authors: Y
authors: Oiso
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Toyoshima
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood*; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin