title: The 'Blind Innsbruck Ostomy', a cutaneous enterostomy for long-term histologic surveillance after small bowel transplantation.
abstract: Intestinal transplantation has evolved into an established treatment for patients with intestinal failure. Although acute rejection episodes are reversible, late onset and chronic rejections remain major prognostic factors. We describe here our experience with endoscopic and histologic long-term monitoring through a cutaneous enterostomy. Between 1989 and 2003, 24 intestinal transplants were performed. After revascularization and reconstruction of proximal intestinal continuity, a side-to-end ileo-enterostomy was performed 20 cm from the stoma and the terminal allograft ileostomy left in the abdominal wall. Approximately after 2 months, in eight patients (nine transplants), the stoma was excluded from the gastrointestinal continuity, allowing ongoing endoscopy and histologic examination. Of 280 forceps biopsies, 64 (23%) were performed through the 'blind ostomy'. Eleven acute allograft rejections were diagnosed between days 3 and 51, with two episodes in three cases. Through the 'blind ostomy', a late mild acute rejection was diagnosed in five instances, three to 37 months after transplantation. In all these patients, basal immunosuppression was intensified. Chronic rejection was seen in three cases 4-26 months after transplantation. In one of the three patients, chronic rejection was diagnosed from the excluded blind enterostomy. A long-term cutaneous enterostomy, even if disconnected from the intestinal continuity, enables simple long-term monitoring of small bowel allografts.
authors: Department of General and Transplant Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University Hospital, Innsbruck, Austria. alfred.koenigsrainer@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors: Alfred
authors: A
authors: Königsrainer
authors: Ruth
authors: R
authors: Ladurner
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Iannetti
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Steurer
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Ollinger
authors: Felix
authors: F
authors: Offner
authors: Adolf
authors: A
authors: Kreczy
authors: Raimund
authors: R
authors: Margreiter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D004766:Enterostomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000473:pathology*; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000637:transplantation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000379:methods* / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome