The effect of aprotinin on brain ischemic-reperfusion injury after hemorrhagic shock in rats: an experimental study.
BACKGROUND
We aimed to demonstrate the positive effects of the serine protease inhibitor aprotinin on neural ischemia-reperfusion injury and apoptosis in a rat model.


METHODS
There were 18 rats divided into 3 groups: group A (sham, n = 6), group B (ischemia-reperfusion, n = 6), and group C (ischemia-reperfusion + aprotinin, n = 6). The systolic blood pressure of the group B and C rats was decreased to 40% to 50% of the normal level by taking blood from the femoral vein to develop hemorrhagic shock. The blood was retained and given to the remaining group B and C rats for reperfusion 20 minutes after the procedure. In group B, isotonic solution and, in group C, aprotinin was administered to the rats 5 minutes before reperfusion. After the rats were killed, the brain tissue samples were fixed for histopathologic examination. Brain tissue superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and tissue myeloperoxidase level and apoptotic cell analyses were performed in all groups.


RESULTS
Superoxide dismutase level decreased from group A to group B and increased from group B to group C (p < 0.05). Malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase levels and apoptotic cells increased from group A to group B and decreased from group B to group C (p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that the systemic use of aprotinin in ischemic neural tissue prevents reperfusion injury and also protects the morphologic, functional, and biochemical integrity of the neural tissue.
Eser
Olcay
O
Department of Neurosurgery, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. drolcayeser@hotmail.com
Kalkan
Erdal
E
Cosar
Murat
M
Buyukbas
Sadik
S
Avunduk
Mustafa Cihat
MC
Aslan
Adem
A
Kocabas
Volkan
V
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D007611:Aprotinin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D011336:Probability; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012016:Reference Values; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D015996:Survival Rate
D006490:Hemostatics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007611:Aprotinin; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase