Structural characteristics of zebrafish orthologs of adaptor molecules that associate with transmembrane immune receptors.
Transmembrane bound receptors comprised of extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig) or lectin domains play integral roles in a large number of immune functions including inhibitory and activating responses. The function of many of the activating receptors requires a physical interaction with an adaptor protein possessing a cytoplasmic regulatory motif. The partnering of an activating receptor with an adaptor protein relies on complementary charged residues in the two transmembrane domains. The mammalian natural killer (NK) and Fc receptors (FcR) represent two of many receptor families, which possess activating receptors that partner with adaptor proteins for signaling. Zebrafish represent a powerful experimental model for understanding developmental regulation at early stages of embryogenesis and for efficiently generating transgenic animals. In an effort to understand developmental aspects of immune receptor function, we have accessed the partially annotated zebrafish genome to identify six different adaptor molecules: Dap10, Dap12, Cd3zeta, Cd3zeta-like, FcRgamma and FcRgamma-like that are homologous to those effecting immune function in mammals. Their genomic organizations have been characterized, cDNA transcripts have been recovered, phylogenetic relationships have been defined and their cell lineage-specific expression patterns have been established.
Yoder
Jeffrey A
JA
Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA. Jeff_Yoder@ncsu.edu
Orcutt
Timothy M
TM
Traver
David
D
Litman
Gary W
GW
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D016678:Genome; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000276:immunology; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D017252:CD3 Complex; C121704:CD3 antigen, zeta chain; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D054340:Receptors, KIR; C524872:Tyrobp protein, zebrafish; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins