title: The impact of drying method and formulation on the physical properties and stability of methionyl human growth hormone in the amorphous solid state.
abstract: The objective of this work was to investigate the impact of drying method and formulation on the physical stability (aggregation) and selected important physical properties of dried methionyl human growth hormone (Met-hGH) formulations. Solutions of Met-hGH with different stabilizers were dried by different methods (freeze drying, spray drying, and film drying), with and without surfactant. Properties of the dried powders included powder morphology, specific surface area (SSA), protein surface coverage, thermal analysis, and protein secondary structure. Storage stability of Met-hGH in different formulations was also studied at 50 degrees C and at 60 degrees C for 3 months. The dried powders displayed different morphologies, depending mainly on the method of drying and on the presence or absence of surfactant. Film dried powders had the lowest SSA (approximately 0.03 m(2)/g) and the lowest total protein surface accumulation (approximately 0.003%). Surfactant caused a reduction in the SSA of both spray dried and freeze dried powders. Spray dried powders showed greater protein surface coverage and SSA relative to the same formulations dried by other means. Greater in-process perturbations of protein secondary structure were observed with polymer excipients. Formulation impacted physical stability. In general, low molecular weight stabilizers provided better stability. For example, the aggregation rate at 50 degrees C of Met-hGH in a freeze dried trehalose-based formulation was approximately four times smaller than the corresponding Ficoll-70-based formulation. Drying method also influenced physical stability. In general, the film dried preparations studied showed superior stability to preparations dried by other methods, especially those formulations employing low molecular weight stabilizers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Ahmad M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abdul-Fattah
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lechuga-Ballesteros
authors.forename: Devendra S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kalonia
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Pikal
mesh_terms: D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D003890:Desiccation; D003911:Dextrans; D004355:Drug Stability; D005079:Excipients; D005362:Ficoll; D005612:Freeze Drying; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013500:Surface Tension; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D014199:Trehalose
chemical_list: D003911:Dextrans; D005079:Excipients; C083032:Met-human growth hormone; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D005362:Ficoll; C005695:stachyose; D013006:Growth Hormone; D014199:Trehalose