title: Modulation of host innate immune response in the bladder by uropathogenic Escherichia coli.
abstract: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the most frequent cause of urinary tract infection (UTI), is associated with an inflammatory response which includes the induction of cytokine/chemokine secretion by urothelial cells and neutrophil recruitment to the bladder. Recent studies indicate, however, that UPEC can evade the early activation of urothelial innate immune response in vitro. In this study, we report that infection with the prototypic UPEC strain NU14 suppresses tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-mediated interleukin-8 (CXCL-8) and interleukin-6 (CXCL-6) secretion from urothelial cell cultures compared to infection with a type 1 piliated E. coli K-12 strain. Furthermore, examination of a panel of clinical E. coli isolates revealed that 15 of 17 strains also possessed the ability to suppress cytokine secretion. In a murine model of UTI, NU14 infection resulted in diminished levels of mRNAs encoding keratinocyte-derived chemokine, macrophage inflammatory peptide 2, and CXCL-6 in the bladder relative to infection with an E. coli K-12 strain. Furthermore, reduced stimulation of inflammatory chemokine production during NU14 infection correlated with decreased levels of bladder and urine myeloperoxidase and increased bacterial colonization. These data indicate that a broad phylogenetic range of clinical E. coli isolates, including UPEC, may evade the activation of innate immune response in the urinary tract, thereby providing a pathogenic advantage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 16-703 Tarry, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Billips
authors.forename: Sarah G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Forrestal
authors.forename: Matthew T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Rycyk
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Klumpp
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Schaeffer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018925:Chemokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000032:analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry; D019459:Urothelium / Q000276:immunology; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; D018925:Chemokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C074302:keratinocyte-derived chemokines; D009195:Peroxidase