title: Electron microprobe analysis of rabbit ciliary epithelium indicates enhanced secretion posteriorly and enhanced absorption anteriorly.
abstract: The rate of aqueous humor formation sequentially across the pigmented (PE) and nonpigmented (NPE) ciliary epithelial cell layers may not be uniform over the epithelial surface. Because of the tissue's small size and complex geometry, this possibility cannot be readily tested by conventional techniques. Rabbit iris-ciliary bodies were divided, incubated, quick-frozen, cryosectioned, and freeze-dried for electron probe X-ray microanalysis of the elemental contents of the PE and NPE cells. We confirmed that preincubation with ouabain to block Na(+),K(+)-ATPase increases Na(+) and decreases K(+) contents far more anteriorly than posteriorly. The anterior and posterior regions were the iridial portion of the primary ciliary processes and the pars plicata, respectively. Following interruption of gap junctions with heptanol, ouabain produced smaller changes in anterior PE cells, possibly reflecting higher Na(+) or K(+) permeability of anterior NPE cells. Inhibiting Na(+) entry selectively with amiloride, benzamil, or dimethylamiloride reduced anterior effects of ouabain by approximately 50%. Regional dependence of net secretion was also assessed with hypotonic stress, which stimulates ciliary epithelial cell regulatory volume decrease (RVD) and net Cl(-) secretion. In contrast to ouabain's actions, the RVD was far more marked posteriorly than anteriorly. These results suggest that 1) enhanced Na(+) reabsorption anteriorly, likely through Na(+) channels and Na(+)/H(+) exchange, mediates the regional dependence of ouabain's actions; and 2) secretion may proceed primarily posteriorly, with secondary processing and reabsorption anteriorly. Stimulation of anterior reabsorption might provide a novel strategy for reducing net secretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zellhuber-McMillan
authors.forename: Anthony D C
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Macknight
authors.forename: Mortimer M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Civan
mesh_terms: D000584:Amiloride / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D048429:Cell Size; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017629:Gap Junctions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019850:Heptanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D007038:Hypotonic Solutions; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D010042:Ouabain / Q000494:pharmacology; D010539:Permeability; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007038:Hypotonic Solutions; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D015222:Sodium Channels; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; C013407:benzamil; C039465:5-dimethylamiloride; D010042:Ouabain; D000584:Amiloride; D019850:Heptanol; D012964:Sodium; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D011188:Potassium