title: Initiation of high frequency multi-drug resistance following kinase targeting by siRNAs.
abstract: The sequential use of non cross-resistant cytotoxic agents is the standard of care for advanced solid tumors in order to enhance survival and optimise quality of life. Nevertheless, drug resistance to non cross-resistant agents is commonly witnessed, with clinical response rates to non cross-resistant regimens declining as the disease advances. Expression of ABC transporters is unlikely to fully explain this phenomenon, and a clear molecular explanation for this process remains uncertain. A statistical analysis of a recently published RNA interference screen targeting 779 kinases in three cell lines deriving from different tumor types reveals a significant correlation between resistance to paclitaxel and a non cross-resistant cytotoxic agent. Furthermore, 20% of kinases that promote resistance to paclitaxel when targeted by RNAi also promote resistance to a non cross-resistant agent within that same cell line, consistent with a tissue-type dependence of multi-drug resistance. Conversely, paclitaxel-specific resistance and sensitising kinases occur less frequently than expected. This indicates that several cell line specific kinases may regulate multi-drug resistance and provide a potential explanation for the phenomenon of drug resistance to non cross-resistant agents witnessed in oncology practice. Furthermore, this work supports efforts to identify common pathways of drug response for future drug discovery programmes.
authors.affiliation: Signal Transduction Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK. charles.swanton@cancer.org.uk
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Swanton
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nicke
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marani
authors.forename: Gavin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Downward
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000235:genetics*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000494:pharmacology; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D006801:Humans; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000494:pharmacology; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D004317:Doxorubicin; D010770:Phosphotransferases; D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil