title: Infliximab inhibits bone resorption by circulating osteoclast precursor cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of infliximab on bone resorption by osteoclast precursor cells (OCPs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to compare the results with changes in disease activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before and during 24 weeks of infliximab treatment, peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 9 RA and 10 AS patients were seeded onto ivory wafers and adherent cells, including OCPs, were grown in medium promoting osteoclast differentiation. Bone resorption was evaluated morphometrically and correlated to disease activity. A total of 19 healthy individuals were studied in parallel. In addition, biochemical bone markers were assessed in all patients at baseline and after 24 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OCPs from RA patients showed a higher bone resorption at baseline when compared to AS patients. Blocking of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)alpha with infliximab resulted in a strong reduction of bone resorption by OCPs in both cohorts and occurred faster in RA compared to AS patients. This inhibition coincided with a reduction of clinical disease activity in both patient cohorts and with an increase of serum osteocalcin levels and a relative decrease of collagen crosslinks in RA compared to AS patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provide an explanation on the cellular level for the anticatabolic effect of TNF neutralisation on bone. The variation in the kinetics of bone resorption by the OCPs in patients with RA and AS suggests disease-specific differences in the type or in the preactivation of OCPs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology/Allergology, University Hospital Inselspital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gengenbacher
authors.forename: H-J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Sebald
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Villiger
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hofstetter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seitz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000652:urine; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000069285:Infliximab; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000097:blood; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000097:blood; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015675:Osteocalcin; C036020:deoxypyridinoline; D000069285:Infliximab