title: Evaluation of a simplified therapeutic intervention scoring system (TISS-28) and the modified early warning score (MEWS) in predicting physiological deterioration during inter-facility transport.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is an emerging demand for inter-facility transport (IFT) of patients in recent years following changes in the healthcare framework in Hong Kong but this carries certain risks. Anticipation of possible deterioration of patients is important for patient safety and therefore risk stratification of patients before transport is important.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the simplified therapeutic intervention scoring system (TISS-28) and modified early warning score (MEWS) in predicting physiological deterioration en route.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective single centre study of all emergency IFT for adult patients, excluding patients with obstetric conditions, occurring between 1 January 2005 and 30 June 2006. The severity of illness was quantified in terms of TISS-28 and MEWS. Mann-Whitney test and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to illustrate and compare their performance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 102 patients requiring IFT, 28 had physiological deterioration en route (27%). The TISS-28 scores upon dispatch ranged from 5 to 34 with a mean of 16.5+/-5.71 whereas MEWS ranged from 0 to 11 with a mean of 2.82+/-2.01. The incidence of physiological deterioration en route was significantly greater with a higher MEWS score (P=0.001) but this was not seen with the TISS-28 score. The area under the ROC curve for the predictive value of MEWS was 0.71 which performed better than TISS-28 (area under the curve=0.53).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IFT represents a group of patients with vast heterogeneity. TISS-28 is not a useful tool for risk stratification prior to transport. MEWS was able to identify patients at risk but was not ideal.
authors.affiliation: Accident and Emergency Department, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Larry L Y
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: Wendy Y L
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Yvonne S C
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Simon Y H
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Jimmy T S
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010360:Patient Transfer; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric