title: Ruptured aneurysm of a persistent primitive hypoglossal artery treated by endovascular approach--case report and literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A persistent PHA is the second most common of the embryonic carotid-basilar anastomoses that fail to regress in the embryo. The fact that PHA often is functionally a single artery providing blood to the posterior circulation poses challenging therapeutic problems in case of an aneurysm located on the PHA.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 46-year-old woman presented with SAH due to a large ruptured aneurysm of the left PHA. Identification of such an artery by CT angiogram is the proposed cold standard. The aneurysm was obliterated by coil embolization. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of aneurysm located on a primitive persistent hypoglossal artery that was endovascularly treated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aneurysms located on a persistent PHA can be treated safely and effectively via an endovascular approach.
authors.affiliation: Neuroendovascular Department, Interbalkan European Medical Centre, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece. baltsavias@interbalkan-hosp.gr
authors.forename: Gerasimos M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Baltsavias
authors.forename: Danai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chourmouzi
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tasianas
authors.forename: Antonios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Drevelengas
authors.forename: Dano
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Damianovski
authors.forename: Spase
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jovkovski
mesh_terms: D017542:Aneurysm, Ruptured / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D001488:Basilar Artery / Q000002:abnormalities*; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000002:abnormalities*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography