title: Surface characterization and cell response of a PLA/CaP glass biodegradable composite material.
abstract: Bioabsorbable materials are of great interest for bone regeneration applications, since they are able to degrade gradually as new tissue is formed. In this work, a fully biodegradable composite material containing polylactic acid (PLA) and calcium phosphate (CaP) soluble glass particles has been characterized in terms of surface properties and cell response. Cell cultures were performed in direct contact with the materials and also with their extracts, and were evaluated using the MTT assay, alkaline phosphatase activity, and osteocalcin measurements. The CaP glass and PLA were used as reference materials. No significant differences were observed in cell proliferation with the extracts containing the degradation by-products of the three materials studied. A relation between the materials wettability and the material-cell interactions at the initial stages of contact was observed. The most hydrophilic material (CaP glass) presented the highest cell adhesion values as well as an earlier differentiation, followed by the PLA/glass material. The incorporation of glass particles into the PLA matrix increased surface roughness. SEM images showed that the heterogeneity of the composite material induced morphological changes in the cells cytoskeleton.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering of Catalonia, Technical University of Catalonia, Avda Diagonal 647, 08028-Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Planell
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Amaral
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ginebra
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D015675:Osteocalcin; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); C020243:calcium phosphate; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase