title: Effects of driver nationality and road characteristics on accident fault risk.
abstract: This paper investigates the combined effect of driver nationality and several road characteristics (area type, at or not at junction, lighting conditions) on accident fault risk. Data from the national accident database of Greece are used to calculate accident relative fault risk rates under induced exposure assumptions. A log-linear analysis is then used to examine first- and higher-order effects within three or more variable groups. The examination of the second-order interaction among the accident fault risks of various driver nationalities at or not at junction was found to be significant. On the contrary, the respective combined effects of area type and lighting conditions were found to be non-significant. It was also shown that roadway features do not affect accident fault risk in a combined way. Results clearly indicate that foreign drivers in Greece are at increased risk. Moreover, foreign nationalities corresponding to permanent residents (i.e. Greeks and Albanians) appear to be at lower fault risk compared to foreign nationalities corresponding to tourists and visitors (e.g. EU Nationals). The effects of the various road characteristics do not modify these general trends.
authors.affiliation: Department of Transportation Planning and Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece. geyannis@central.ntua.gr
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yannis
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Golias
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papadimitriou
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000415:Albania; D001334:Automobile Driving; D001336:Automobiles; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005006:Ethnicity; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D016014:Linear Models; D010865:Pilot Projects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors