The grapevine genome sequence suggests ancestral hexaploidization in major angiosperm phyla.
The analysis of the first plant genomes provided unexpected evidence for genome duplication events in species that had previously been considered as true diploids on the basis of their genetics. These polyploidization events may have had important consequences in plant evolution, in particular for species radiation and adaptation and for the modulation of functional capacities. Here we report a high-quality draft of the genome sequence of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) obtained from a highly homozygous genotype. The draft sequence of the grapevine genome is the fourth one produced so far for flowering plants, the second for a woody species and the first for a fruit crop (cultivated for both fruit and beverage). Grapevine was selected because of its important place in the cultural heritage of humanity beginning during the Neolithic period. Several large expansions of gene families with roles in aromatic features are observed. The grapevine genome has not undergone recent genome duplication, thus enabling the discovery of ancestral traits and features of the genetic organization of flowering plants. This analysis reveals the contribution of three ancestral genomes to the grapevine haploid content. This ancestral arrangement is common to many dicotyledonous plants but is absent from the genome of rice, which is a monocotyledon. Furthermore, we explain the chronology of previously described whole-genome duplication events in the evolution of flowering plants.
Jaillon
Olivier
O
Genoscope (CEA) and UMR 8030 CNRS-Genoscope-Université d'Evry, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France.
Aury
Jean-Marc
JM
Noel
Benjamin
B
Policriti
Alberto
A
Clepet
Christian
C
Casagrande
Alberto
A
Choisne
Nathalie
N
Aubourg
Sébastien
S
Vitulo
Nicola
N
Jubin
Claire
C
Vezzi
Alessandro
A
Legeai
Fabrice
F
Hugueney
Philippe
P
Dasilva
Corinne
C
Horner
David
D
Mica
Erica
E
Jublot
Delphine
D
Poulain
Julie
J
Bruyère
Clémence
C
Billault
Alain
A
Segurens
Béatrice
B
Gouyvenoux
Michel
M
Ugarte
Edgardo
E
Cattonaro
Federica
F
Anthouard
Véronique
V
Vico
Virginie
V
Del Fabbro
Cristian
C
Alaux
Michaël
M
Di Gaspero
Gabriele
G
Dumas
Vincent
V
Felice
Nicoletta
N
Paillard
Sophie
S
Juman
Irena
I
Moroldo
Marco
M
Scalabrin
Simone
S
Canaguier
Aurélie
A
Le Clainche
Isabelle
I
Malacrida
Giorgio
G
Durand
Eléonore
E
Pesole
Graziano
G
Laucou
Valérie
V
Chatelet
Philippe
P
Merdinoglu
Didier
D
Delledonne
Massimo
M
Pezzotti
Mario
M
Lecharny
Alain
A
Scarpelli
Claude
C
Artiguenave
François
F
Pè
M Enrico
ME
Valle
Giorgio
G
Morgante
Michele
M
Caboche
Michel
M
Adam-Blondon
Anne-Françoise
AF
Weissenbach
Jean
J
Quétier
Francis
F
Wincker
Patrick
P
D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics; D021901:DNA, Intergenic / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D007621:Karyotyping; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics; D011123:Polyploidy; D032107:Populus / Q000235:genetics; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D027843:Vitis / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*
D021901:DNA, Intergenic; D035683:MicroRNAs; D018749:RNA, Plant; D012343:RNA, Transfer