title: A Skp2 autoinduction loop and restriction point control.
abstract: We describe a self-amplifying feedback loop that autoinduces Skp2 during G1 phase progression. This loop, which contains Skp2 itself, p27(kip1) (p27), cyclin E-cyclin dependent kinase 2, and the retinoblastoma protein, is closed through a newly identified, conserved E2F site in the Skp2 promoter. Interference with the loop, by knockin of a Skp2-resistant p27 mutant (p27(T187A)), delays passage through the restriction point but does not interfere with S phase entry under continuous serum stimulation. Skp2 knock down inhibits S phase entry in nontransformed mouse embryonic fibroblasts but not in human papilloma virus-E7 expressing fibroblasts. We propose that the essential role for Skp2-dependent degradation of p27 is in the formation of an autoinduction loop that selectively controls the transition to mitogen-independence, and that Skp2-dependent proteolysis may be dispensable when pocket proteins are constitutively inactivated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Yuval
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yung
authors.forename: Janice L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Richard K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Assoian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019927:Cyclin E / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D050725:Papillomavirus E7 Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016196:S Phase / Q000502:physiology; D044786:S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019927:Cyclin E; D050725:Papillomavirus E7 Proteins; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D044786:S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2