title: Intraoperative bypass graft angiography: cooperation between cardiologist and surgeons in the operation room for optimal postoperative results -- is this the way for the future?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To confirm the quality of total arterial CABG carried out using the left internal thoracic artery (LITA) and a radial artery (RA) T-graft and distal anastomoses immediately in the OR, we developed a new technique using intraoperative graft angiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 5-Fr sheath is inserted in the proximal radial artery stump, through which a catheter for LITA angiography is later introduced. From July 2004 to March 2005, 23 patients underwent total arterial CABG with the T-graft and intraoperative graft angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On-pump CABG was performed in 22 patients and off-pump CABG in 1 patient. Mean procedure time for the angiography was 13.7 +/- 7.3 minutes, and mean fluoroscopy time was 6.2 +/- 4.6 minutes. In two patients, the RA-marginal artery side-to-side anastomosis was stenosed and had to be revised as demonstrated by graft angiography. In one patient, the RA was kinked and in another, there was a kinking of the LITA. In both cases, kinking was corrected. The remaining anastomoses were seen to have unobstructed flow with no evidence of stenosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraoperative graft angiography can be performed in patients undergoing total arterial CABG. This concept of intraoperative cooperation between an interventional cardiologist and surgeons could significantly improve the operative outcome in CABG surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany. shrestha.malakh.lal@mh-hannover.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bara
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khaladj
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamiya
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hagl
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kallenbach
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Klima
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haverich
mesh_terms: D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome