title: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients who have HIV infection.
abstract: An increased prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among persons who have HIV infection has raised the possibility that HIV may predispose to the development or progression of COPD. This article reviews the evidence that supports an association between HIV infection and COPD-namely emphysema and chronic bronchitis-and studies that suggest an association between HIV infection and small airways abnormalities and nonspecific airway hyper-responsiveness. Risk factors for COPD and potential reasons for an increased risk for COPD in HIV-positive patients are discussed. In addition, issues in the management of COPD in HIV-positive patients are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, TAC 441, PO Box 208057, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. kristina.crothers@yale.edu
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Crothers
mesh_terms: D014943:Global Health; D006678:HIV / Q000276:immunology*; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies