title: Relative prevalence of different sexually transmitted infections in HIV-discordant sexual partnerships: data from a risk network study in a high-risk New York neighbourhood.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine infection patterns of sexually transmitted infections that facilitate HIV transmission among HIV-discordant couples.
  
  
  METHODS
  112 initial respondents were recruited in an impoverished neighbourhood of Brooklyn, New York. Their sexual (and injection) partners were recruited in up to four additional network sampling waves for a final sample of 465 persons aged 18 years or older. After separate informed consent had been obtained, blood and urine were collected and tested for HIV, type-specific antibodies to herpes simplex virus (HSV-2), syphilis, chlamydia and gonorrhoea.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 30 HIV-discordant partnerships, five were same-sex male partnerships and 25 were opposite-sex partnerships. No subjects tested positive for syphilis or gonorrhoea. Two couples were chlamydia-discordant. For HSV-2, 16 couples were double-positive, eight discordant, four double-negative, and two comprised a HSV-2-negative with a partner with missing herpes data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HSV-2 was present in 83% of the HIV-discordant couples, chlamydia in 7%, and syphilis and gonorrhoea in none. HSV-2 is probably more important for HIV transmission than bacterial sexually transmitted diseases because it is more widespread. Even given the limited generalisability of this community-based sample, there seems to be an important HIV-prevention role for herpes detection and prevention activities in places where HIV-infected people are likely to be encountered, including sexually transmitted disease clinics, HIV counselling and testing programmes, prisons, needle exchanges, and drug abuse treatment programmes. The effects of HSV-suppressive therapy in highly impacted groups should also be investigated.
authors.affiliation: National Development and Research Institutes, Inc, 71 W 23rd Street, 8th floor, New York, NY 10010, USA. friedman@ndri.org
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bolyard
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sandoval
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mateu-Gelabert
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maslow
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zenilman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000453:epidemiology; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*