Effect of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization on proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells.


METHODS
A total of 136 patients with HCC underwent liver resection. Of 136 patients, 79 patients received 1 to 5 courses of TACE prior to liver resection (TACE group), who were further subdivided into four groups: Group A (n = 11) who received 1 to 4 courses of chemotherapy alone; Group B (n = 33) who received 1 to 5 courses of chemotherapy combined with iodized oil; Group C (n = 23) who received 1 to 3 courses of chemotherapy combined with iodized oil and gelatin sponge; and Group D (n = 12) who received 1 to 3 courses of chemotherapy combined with iodized oil, ethanol and gelatin sponge. The other 57 patients only received liver resection (non-TACE group). The expressions of Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein were detected in the liver cancer tissues by immunohistochemical method.


RESULTS
The Ki-67 protein expression was significantly lower in Groups C and D as compared with non-TACE group (31.35% +/- 10.85% vs 44.43% +/- 20.70%, 30.93% +/- 18.10% vs 44.43% +/- 20.70%, respectively, P < 0.05). The PCNA protein expression was significantly lower in Groups C and D as compared with non-TACE group (49.61% +/- 15.11% vs 62.92% +/- 17.21%, 41.16% +/- 11.83% vs 62.92% +/- 17.21%, respectively, P < 0.05). The Ki-67 protein expression was significantly higher in Group A as compared with non-TACE group (55.44% +/- 13.72% vs 44.43% +/- 20.70%, P < 0.05). The PCNA protein expression was significantly higher in Groups A and B as compared with non-TACE group (72.22% +/- 8.71% vs 62.92% +/- 17.21%, 69.91% +/- 13.38% vs 62.92% +/- 17.21%, respectively, P < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Preoperative multi-material TACE suppresses the proliferation of HCC cells, while a single material embolization and chemotherapy alone enhance the proliferation of HCC cells.
Xiao
En-Hua
EH
Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China. cjr.xiaoenhua@vip.163.com
Li
Jing-Qing
JQ
Huang
Jie-Fu
JF
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005781:Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D000431:Ethanol