title: Inhibition of non-enzymatic glycation by silk extracts from a Mexican land race and modern inbred lines of maize (Zea mays).
abstract: Non-enzymatic glycation and the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are associated with various disease states, including complications of diabetes and aging. Secondary metabolites from several plant species are known to inhibit non-enzymatic glycation and the formation of AGEs, including flavonoids found in the style (silk) of Zea mays (maize). Thirteen modern maize inbreds and one land race were tested for in vitro inhibition of non-enzymatic glycation of bovine serum albumin. Many of the tested extracts exhibited inhibitory activity, in particular the newest inbreds, which were bred for resistance to gibberella ear rot (Fusarium graminearum) and common smut (Ustilago maydis). The most active maize genotype (CO441), displaying an IC50 of 9.5 microg/mL, was more effective than aminoguanidine, a known inhibitor of glycation. Zapalote chico, a land race with high maysin content, showed only moderate inhibitory activity compared with the modern maize genotypes. Antiglycation activity was highly correlated with the total phenolic content of silk extracts and mildly correlated with resistance to certain fungal infections. The results identify modern resistant and high phenolic maize inbreds as promising candidates for the development of natural AGE inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications and the degenerative effects of aging.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research in Biopharmaceuticals and Biotechnology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
authors.forename: Darius Arthur
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Farsi
authors.forename: Cory S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Lana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: Steffany A L
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Pierre S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Haddad
authors.forename: Louis C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Martineau
authors.forename: John Thor
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Arnason
mesh_terms: D005838:Genotype; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006031:Glycosylation / Q000187:drug effects; D008800:Mexico; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine