title: Ovarian volumes among women with endometrial carcinoma: associations with risk factors and serum hormones.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Data suggest that post-menopausal women with larger ovaries are at increased risk for endometrial carcinoma; however, analyses comparing ovarian volume to serum hormone levels are limited. Accordingly, we assessed ovarian volumes in relation to serum sex hormone levels among post-menopausal women with endometrial carcinoma who participated in a multi-center case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data for established risk and protective factors for endometrial carcinoma were collected via in-person interviews. Ovarian volumes were estimated from pathology reports. Associations between exposures and age-adjusted ovarian volumes were analyzed for 175 cases with available data. For a subset of 135 cases, we analyzed relationships between ovarian volume, adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI), and serum hormone levels by analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ovarian volume declined progressively from 1.83 cm3 among women ages 55-59 years to 1.23 cm3 among women age 70 years or older (p-trend=0.02). Larger ovarian volume was associated with early menarche (p-trend=0.03), having given birth (p=0.01), and weakly with elevated BMI (p-trend=0.06). After adjustment, increased ovarian volume was associated with higher estradiol (p-trend=0.007); albumin-bound estradiol (p-trend=0.01); and free estradiol (p-trend=0.006) levels; androstenedione, estrone and estrone sulfate showed similar, though non-significant associations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among women with endometrial carcinoma, larger ovaries were associated with higher serum levels of estrogens. Further studies examining the role of the ovaries in post-menopausal hormonal carcinogenesis are warranted.
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Rockville, MD 20852-7234, USA. shermanm@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: M Patricia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Madigan
authors.forename: James V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Lacey
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garcia-Closas
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Potischman
authors.forename: Joseph D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Carreon
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hartge
authors.forename: Louise A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Brinton
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000735:Androstenedione / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D004970:Estrone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010053:Ovary / Q000473:pathology*; D017698:Postmenopause; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D004970:Estrone; D000735:Androstenedione; D004958:Estradiol; C017296:estrone sulfate