title: Cytokine pattern in Kaposi's sarcoma associated with immune restoration disease in HIV and tuberculosis co-infected patients.
abstract: We analysed the evolution of different cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGF) involved in the development of Kaposi's sarcoma in two patients in whom HIV infection presented with disseminated Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. They simultaneously developed tuberculosis-associated immune restoration disease and Kaposi's sarcoma shortly after the initiation of HAART. Analysis of VEGF and pro-inflammatory cytokines led us to hypothesize that Kaposi's sarcoma could be promoted by the tuberculosis immune response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tamburini
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grimaldi
authors.forename: Jean-Daniel
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Chiche
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bricaire
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bossi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D012142:Respiratory Tract Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D015847:Interleukin-4