title: Treatment to improve self-awareness in persons with acquired brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of an awareness training protocol embedded within the practice of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) in participants with acquired brain injury on levels of self-awareness and functional performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study used a randomized control trial design: 10 participants with moderate-to-severe brain injury received six sessions of the self-awareness training while they performed IADLs (experimental group) and 10 participants performed the same IADLs but received conventional therapeutic practice (control group). In the experimental group, participants were asked to predict their performance before each task performance and to estimate their performance level after the performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pre- and post-intervention outcome measures taken from the two groups were compared. Instruments were standardized measures of 'general' self-awareness with collateral reports by informants (e.g. Awareness Questionnaire); 'task-specific' self-awareness (e.g. Assessment of Awareness of Disability) and Self-Regulation Skills Inventory (SRSI). Performance on IADLs was assessed using the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the control group, the intervention significantly improved IADL performances and self-regulation. No significant treatment effect was observed for task-specific self-awareness, general self-awareness or community integration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The self-awareness intervention significantly but selectively improved self-awareness during IADL task performance as well as functional performance. The need for a larger study with more treatment sessions is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Education and Human Development, Department of Occupational Therapy, New York University, Steinhardt School of Culture, New York 10012, USA. yg243@nyu.edu
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Goverover
authors.forename: Mark V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Toglia
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deluca
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003243:Consciousness; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D012649:Self Concept; D016896:Treatment Outcome