title: Preparation method of an ideal model of multiple organ injury of rat with severe acute pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish an ideal model of multiple organ injury of rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).
  
  
  METHODS
  SAP models were induced by retrograde injection of 0.1 mL/100 g 3.5% sodium taurocholate into the biliopancreatic duct of Sprague-Dawley rats. The plasma and samples of multiple organ tissues of rats were collected at 3, 6 and 12 h after modeling. The ascites volume, ascites/body weight ratio, and contents of amylase, endotoxin, endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitrogen monoxidum (NO), phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) in plasma were determined. The histological changes of multiple organs were observed under light microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ascites volume, ascites/body weight ratio, and contents of various inflammatory mediators in blood were higher in the model group than in the sham operation group at all time points [2.38 (1.10), 2.58 (0.70), 2.54 (0.71) vs 0.20 (0.04), 0.30 (0.30), 0.22 (0.10) at 3, 6 and 12 h in ascites/body weight ratio; 1582 (284), 1769 (362), 1618 (302) (U/L) vs 5303 (1373), 6276 (1029), 7538 (2934) (U/L) at 3, 6 and 12 h in Amylase; 0.016 (0.005), 0.016 (0.010), 0.014 (0.015) (EU/mL) vs 0.053 (0.029), 0.059 (0.037), 0.060 (0.022) (EU/mL) at 3, 6 and 12 h in Endotoxin; 3.900 (3.200), 4.000 (1.700), 5.300 (3.000) (ng/L) vs 41.438 (37.721), 92.151 (23.119), 65.016 (26.806) (ng/L) at 3, 6 and 12 h in TNF-alpha, all P < 0.01]. Visible congestion, edema and lamellar necrosis and massive leukocytic infiltration were found in the pancreas of rats of model group. There were also pathological changes of lung, liver, kidney, spleen, ileum, lymphonode, thymus, myocardium and brain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This rat model features reliability, convenience and a high achievement ratio. Complicated with multiple organ injury, it is an ideal animal model of SAP.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. zxp99688@vip.163.com
authors.forename: Xi-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Xin-Ge
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Mei-Li
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Fei-Bo
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Rui-Ping
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qi-Hui
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000681:Amylases / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000473:pathology; D001835:Body Weight; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000097:blood; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D007082:Ileum / Q000473:pathology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013656:Taurocholic Acid; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D004731:Endotoxins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D013656:Taurocholic Acid; D010741:Phospholipases A; D000681:Amylases