Plant-herbivore coevolution: lupines and lycaenids.
Predation on lupine flowers by larvae of a lycaenid butterfly was studied by comparison of inflorescences exposed to and protected from infestation, and by comparison of lupine populations exposed to different degrees of attack. The lycaenids caused striking reduction in seed set, indicating that this small herbivore could act as a potent selectie agent in lupine populations.
Breedlove
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Ehrlich
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