title: Sedation and anesthesia care for ophthalmologic surgery during local/regional anesthesia.
abstract: Anesthesia care for the patients undergoing ophthalmologic surgical procedures during local/regional anesthesia balances goals of patient comfort with safety and an optimal outcome in a highly cost-conscious environment. This article discusses current practices and trends in anesthesia care with respect to sedation for eye surgery during local/regional anesthesia. Although there is no evidence that one local/regional anesthesia technique or sedation analgesia regimen is superior to the others, this review highlights important differences between these varied approaches. The type of block used for the ophthalmologic surgery alters the sedation requirements. Changes in surgical techniques have increased the popularity of topical anesthesia, which reduces the need for sedation analgesia and may lessen the need for an anesthesia practitioner. The involvement of an anesthesia practitioner in eye surgery varies from facility to facility based on costs, anesthesiologist availability, and local standards. Anesthesia care choices are often made based on surgeon skill and anesthesiologist comfort, as well as the expectations and needs of the patient.
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Vann
authors.forename: Babatunde O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Ogunnaike
authors.forename: Girish P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Joshi
mesh_terms: D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000379:methods*; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures