title: Paediatric liver transplantation in New Zealand: the first 5 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the first 5 years of paediatric liver transplantation (LTx) undertaken by the New Zealand Liver Transplant Unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of all patients aged 0 to 15 years assessed for LTx between 1 January 2002 and 1 November 2006 were examined. Demographics, criteria for listing, waiting time, transplant-hospitalisation details, and outcome to date are reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-eight children were assessed for LTx, of whom 33 were listed. One improved and was de-listed, 3 died on the waiting-list, and 1 remains on the list currently. Twenty-eight children have undergone 29 transplants; there were 25 primary and 4 re-transplants (3 had their primary transplant in Australia). The median wait-time was 122 days and median age at transplantation was 2 years 6 months. Fourteen (50%) were European, 10 (36%) Maori, 3 (11%) Pacific (mostly of Samoan, Tongan, Niuean, or Cook Islands origin), and 1 (3%) Asian. The most common diagnosis was extra-hepatic biliary atresia (59%) followed by alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and acute liver failure (14% each). There were 6 whole liver grafts and 23 partial liver grafts including 7 live donor and 10 split LTx. Median time in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) was 2 days and median hospital stay after LTx was 25 days. Time spent in Auckland immediately pre- and post-transplant for families from outside the region was a median of 14 weeks. Postoperative morbidity includes biliary leaks or strictures in 10 (36%), vascular thromboses in 7 (24%), and culture positive bacterial infection in 14 (50%). Twelve (43%) experienced one or more episodes of acute rejection, 3 developed chronic rejection, and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) occurred in 2 patients. Despite these problems, graft survival is 97% and patient survival is currently 100%. All patients of school age are currently attending school.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liver transplantation is now established in New Zealand as the treatment of choice for end-stage liver disease and acute liver failure in the paediatric population. Excellent outcomes that compare well with large overseas centres have been achieved.
authors.affiliation: Starship Children's Health, Auckland. JustinW@adhb.govt.nz
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wilde
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McCall
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Munn
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nixon
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wesley
authors.forename: Yatin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Helen M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000601:surgery*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D014850:Waiting Lists