title: Physician beliefs regarding effectiveness of tobacco dependence treatments: results from the NJ Health Care Provider Tobacco Survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Physicians play an increasing role in tobacco dependence treatment as more prescription medications and community resources are developed. Beliefs about effectiveness can influence physicians' recommendations regarding treatment, so it is critical that these beliefs are evidence-based.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Describe physicians' beliefs regarding effectiveness of tobacco treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-reported, cross-sectional, mailed survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  336 primary care physicians in New Jersey (60.3% response).
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographics, previous tobacco dependence training, awareness of guidelines, and perceived effectiveness of treatments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Physicians believed combination medications and bupropion to be the most effective (89 and 88% reported somewhat or very effective, respectively) and nicotine nasal spray least effective (50%). For nonpharmacologic treatments, physicians believed behavioral counseling (69%) and programs including group treatment (67%) were most effective, whereas telephone counseling (25%) and internet-based treatment (23%) were the least. Female and non-U.S.-trained physicians generally believed treatments to be more effective.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Physicians in this sample believed that most cessation medications available and behavioral and group-based counseling are effective, which is supported by current evidence in the field. Low perceived effectiveness of telephone and internet treatments could hinder their utilization. Perceived effectiveness may affect physician recommendations. Therefore, training efforts to influence these beliefs warrant further attention.
authors.affiliation: Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. michael.steinberg@umdnj.edu
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: Cristine D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Delnevo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods; D016642:Bupropion / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009515:New Jersey; D009538:Nicotine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D016642:Bupropion; D009538:Nicotine