title: Mineral metabolism influences pulse pressure increase provoked by chronic kidney disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pulse pressure (PP) increase has been associated with hypertension, ageing and chronic kidney disease. Although hyperparathyroidism and phosphate imbalance have been suspect in PP increase in hemodialysis patients, the link between these parameters and pulse pressure, in renal disease before dialysis, has not been established.
  
  
  METHODS
  1966 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  ANOVA, Student's t-and Chi-square, rank correlations (Spearman) and multivariate analysis, with PP as the dependent variable, while adjusting for other covariables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was an increase of pulse pressure parallel to renal function deterioration, and a significant influence of age, diabetes, hypertension, phosphate and PTH on pulse pressure in the whole population, as well as in patients with glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min. The impact of phosphate was particularly high after the age of 50.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PP increase present in renal disease patients might be primarily due to the underlying mineral metabolism disturbances.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Craver
authors.forename: M Paz
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Marco
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sarro
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borras
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Valdivielso
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000378:metabolism*; D011674:Pulse
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals