title: Transfusion-related acute lung injury.
abstract: Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a serious clinical syndrome associated with the transfusion of plasma-containing blood components. Recently, TRALI has come to be recognized as the leading cause of transfusion-related death in the United States and United Kingdom. This complication typically presents as shortness of breath, hypoxemia, hypotension, fever and noncardiogeneic pulmonary edema, all occurring during or within 6 h after transfusion. Although the mechanism of TRALI has not been fully elucidated, it has been associated with human leukocyte antigen antibodies (class I, class II or neutrophil alloantigens) and with biologically active mediators in stored cellular blood components. Most of the donors implicated in cases of TRALI are multiparous women. Rarely diagnosed, TRALI can be confused with other causes of acute respiratory failure. Greater knowledge regarding TRALI on the part of clinicians could be crucial in preventing and treating this severe complication of blood transfusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. fabron@famema.br <fabron@famema.br>
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fabron
authors.forename: Larissa Barbosa
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: José Orlando
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Bordin
mesh_terms: D001782:Blood Donors; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009656:North America / Q000453:epidemiology; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D065227:Transfusion Reaction
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens