title: Contrast-enhanced versus systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate cancer detection: an overview of techniques and a systematic review.
abstract: An overview is given of the current conventional and contrast-specific transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) techniques for prostate imaging that may be used for guiding biopsy. Subsequently, a systematic literature search resulted in inclusion of four studies that directly compared systematic and contrast-enhanced-targeted TRUS-guided biopsy of the prostate. All four studies revealed that contrast-enhanced-targeted TRUS-guided biopsy significantly improved the positive biopsy core rate. In the largest study, the mean Gleason score of the contrast-enhanced-targeted TRUS-guided biopsies was significantly higher than that of the systematic biopsies. Future randomized clinical trials, preferably in a non-academic multi-institutional set-up, will have to be performed to confirm the value of contrast-enhanced-targeted TRUS-guided biopsy in regular clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, NL 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. S.Heijmink@rad.umcn.nl
authors.forename: Stijn W T P J
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Heijmink
authors.forename: Jelle O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Barentsz
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D003287:Contrast Media; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D012007:Rectum; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media