title: Arthropod invasion of land during late silurian and devonian times.
abstract: Fossil floras and faunas of a Lower Devonian black shale from Alken, Germany, include aquatic, amphibious, and terrestrial forms. The presence of these forms suggests conditions in favor of an invasion of the land. Various arthropod adaptations to terrestrial life are present, including the development of a preoral cavity.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Størmer