Prognostic significance of p53 gene mutations and protein overexpression in localized gastrointestinal stromal tumours.
OBJECTIVE
Mutation of c-kit is a relatively early event in the tumorigenesis of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs). The aim was to determine the prognostic significance of p53 alterations as an additional genetic change in GISTs.


RESULTS
We reviewed 125 patients with localized GISTs subjected to complete resection between 1990 and 2002. Mutational analyses of c-kit exons 9, 11, 13 and 17, p53 exons 4-8 and immunohistochemistry for p53 protein were conducted using paraffin-embedded tissues. Alterations of p53 were observed in 50 patients (40.0%). Based on the National Institutes of Health's risk category, p53 alterations were noted more frequently in the higher risk categories (P = 0.041). With a median follow-up of 56.5 months (range: 2.3-126.8), 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were 61.7% without p53 alterations, compared with only 40.2% with p53 alterations (P = 0.009). Multivariate analysis indicated that p53 alterations comprised an independent, poor prognostic factor for RFS, in addition to c-kit mutations, large size, a high mitotic count and non-gastric primary sites.


CONCLUSIONS
Alterations in p53 were more commonly observed in localized GISTs at higher risk of relapse. This suggests that they are significant as an independent, poor prognostic factor.
Ryu
M H
MH
Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea.
Kang
Y K
YK
Jang
S J
SJ
Kim
T W
TW
Lee
H
H
Kim
J S
JS
Park
Y H
YH
Lee
S S
SS
Ryoo
B Y
BY
Chang
H M
HM
Lee
J L
JL
Yook
J H
JH
Kim
B S
BS
Lee
J S
JS
D000199:Actins / Q000032:analysis; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D003893:Desmin / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D046152:Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000737:chemistry; D009154:Mutation; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011379:Prognosis; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000235:genetics; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*
D000199:Actins; D003893:Desmin; D009418:S100 Proteins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit