title: Extent of lymphovascular space invasion and risk of pelvic lymph node metastases in stage IB1 cervical cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether the extent of lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) is a risk factor for pelvic lymph node metastases in stage IBI cervical cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinicopathological data of 397 patients with stage IB1 cervical cancer undergoing radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy (RHPL) at Chiang Mai University Hospital between January 1998 and December 2002 were analyzed. The histology, tumor grade, depth of stromal invasion, uterine corpus involvement, parametrial invasion and LVSI were analyzed for their association with pelvic node metastases. The extent of LVSI was classified as negative, minimal (< 10 LVSI/cervical specimen), and extensive (> or = 10 LVSI/cervical specimen).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 397 patients, 146 (36.8%) had tumors containing LVSI, 82 (20.7%) and 64 (16.1%) had minimal and extensive LVSI, respectively. Fifty nine (14.9%) patients had pelvic node metastases. Using multivariable analysis, LVSI (p < 0.001), depth of stromal invasion (p < 0.001), tumor grade (p < 0.001), and parametrial invasion (p < 0.001) were significant predictors of pelvic node metastases. The extent of LVSI either minimal or extensive degree significantly influenced pelvic node metastases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of LVSI especially extensive involvement was significantly associated with the risk of pelvic node metastases in stage IB1 cervical cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. achainual@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Anchalee
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chandacham
authors.forename: Kittipat
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Charoenkwan
authors.forename: Sumalee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siriaunkgul
authors.forename: Jatupol
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Srisomboon
authors.forename: Prapaporn
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Suprasert
authors.forename: Chailert
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Phongnarisorn
authors.forename: Chalong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheewakraingkrai
authors.forename: Sitthicha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siriaree
authors.forename: Charuwan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tantipalakorn
authors.forename: Chumnan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kietpeerakool
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010388:Pelvis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*