title: Are probiotics detectable in human feces after oral uptake by healthy volunteers?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assessment of the presence of probiotic bacteria in feces after oral ingestion.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Probiotic bacteria are said to have beneficial effects on the host. As a precondition for any effect, probiotic strains must survive passage through the gastrointestinal tract.
  
  
  METHODS
  The feces of seven volunteers were analyzed for the presence of probiotic strains after one week's oral ingestion of each of six commercially available products: E. coli Nissle 0.5-5 x 10(9) cells (Mutaflor), Enterococcus faecium SF 68 7.5 x 10(7) cells (Bioflorin), Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium infantis both 1 x 10(9) cells (Infloran), Lactobacillus gasseri and Bifidobacterium longum both 1 x 10(8) cells (Omniflora), Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus 1 x 10(9) cells (Antibiophilus), and yoghurt enriched with Lactobacillus casei Immunitas 1 x 10(10) cells (Actimel). Ten colonies were selected from each stool sample, and DNA was extracted and typed using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Typing patterns of the ingested probiotics and the fecal isolates were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fingerprints identical to the ingested probiotic strains were recovered from fecal samples of 4/7 volunteers after one week of Mutaflor, from 4/6 after taking Bioflorin, and from 1/6 after Infloran. Cultivation of strains of the same species from fecal specimens was negative after consumption of Antibiophilus, Omniflora and Actimel.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After oral consumption of probiotics, E. coli and enterococci could be detected in stool samples (57% and 67%, respectively). In contrast, with only one exception, ingested lactobacilli and bifidobacteria could not be detected in human feces.
authors.affiliation: 4. Medizinische Abteilung mit Infektions- und Tropenmedizin, SMZ-Süd-Kaiser Franz Josef Spital, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prilassnig
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wenisch
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Daxboeck
authors.forename: Gebhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feierl
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D016983:Enterococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial