title: Simvastatin enhances induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
abstract: The present study was designed to determine whether hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) modulate the NO production via iNOS in adipocytes stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (L) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (T). Well-differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes significantly produced NO by LT-treatment. Pre-incubation with simvastatin, a lipophilic statin, pravastatin, a hydrophilic one, or Y27632, an inhibitor of Rho kinase, further enhanced the production of NO. The effect of simvastatin was offset by mevalonate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) but not by squalene. The mRNA level for iNOS parallelled the NO production. The NF-kappaB was activated by the LT-treatment and was further enhanced by simvastatin, pravastatin or Y27632 addition. Mevalonate and GGPP completely offset the effect of simvastatin. Statins and Y27632 also further increased the interleukin-6 secretion in the LT-treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These results suggest that statins, especially lipophilic type, enhance induction of iNOS by inhibiting the small GTP-binding protein signal in adipocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Kazushige
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dobashi
authors.forename: Kohtaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asayama
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shirahata
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D000577:Amides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008798:Mevalonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D017035:Pravastatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009573:Nitrites; D011725:Pyridines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C108830:Y 27632; D019821:Simvastatin; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D017035:Pravastatin; D008798:Mevalonic Acid