title: Energetics of honeybee swarm thermoregulation.
abstract: Honeybee swarms regulate their core temperature at a high set point (near 36 degrees C) and the mantle at a low set point (near 15 degrees C). The temperature gradient from core to mantle permits considerable energy economy, and it is abolished only shortly before swarm takeoff.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Heinrich