title: Zolmitriptan nasal spray in the acute treatment of cluster headache: a double-blind study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of zolmitriptan 5 mg and 10 mg nasal spray (ZNS) vs placebo in the acute treatment of cluster headache. Design/
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, three-period crossover study using ZNS 5 mg, ZNS 10 mg, and placebo. Headache intensity was rated by a 5-point scale: none, mild, moderate, severe, or very severe. The primary efficacy measure was headache response (pain reduced from moderate, severe, or very severe at baseline, to mild or none) at 30 minutes. Logistic regression was used to account for treatment period effect as well as for cluster headache subtype effect.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 52 adult patients treated 151 attacks. For the primary endpoint, both doses reached significance at 30 minutes (placebo = 30%, ZNS 5 mg = 50%, ZNS 10 mg = 63.3%). For headache relief, ZNS 10 mg separated from placebo at 10 minutes (24.5% vs 10%). Zolmitriptan 5 mg separated from placebo at 20 minutes (38.5% vs 20%). For pain-free status, ZNS 10 mg was superior to placebo at 15 minutes (22.0% vs 6%). Both doses had higher pain-free rates than placebo at 30 minutes (placebo = 20%, ZNS 5 mg = 38.5%, ZNS 10 mg = 46.9%). Side effects were mild and seen in 16% of those attacks treated with placebo, 25% of attacks treated with ZNS 5 mg, and 32.7% treated with ZNS 10 mg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Zolmitriptan nasal spray, at doses of 5 and 10 mg, is effective and tolerable for the acute treatment of cluster headache.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. alanrapoport@gmail.com
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rapoport
authors.forename: N T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Silberstein
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dodick
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Tepper
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Sheftell
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bigal
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease / Q000628:therapy; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003027:Cluster Headache / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D023303:Oxazolidinones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015990:Placebo Effect; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014363:Tryptamines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D023303:Oxazolidinones; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists; D014363:Tryptamines; C089750:zolmitriptan