title: Prevalence and correlates of sleep-disordered breathing in older men: osteoporotic fractures in men sleep study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence and distribution of sleep-disordered breathing and associated correlates in a large cohort of older men using several standardized definitions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional analyses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six U.S. communities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Polysomnography was performed on 2,911 participants of the Outcomes of Sleep Disorders in Older Men Sleep Study (mean age+/-standard deviation 76.38+/-5.53; body mass index 27.17+/-3.8 kg/m(2)).
  
  
  METHODS
  Three outcomes were assessed: sleep-disordered breathing (respiratory disturbance index > or =15), obstructive apnea (obstructive apnea index > or =5), and central apnea (central apnea index > or =5).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of moderate-severe sleep-disordered breathing was estimated to be 21.4% to 26.4%. Multivariable logistic regression models demonstrated that age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) per 5-year increase =1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.15-1.34), obesity (AOR=2.54, 95% CI=2.09-3.09), Asian versus Caucasian race (AOR=2.14, 95% CI=1.33-3.45), snoring (AOR=2.01, 95% CI=1.62-2.49), sleepiness (AOR=1.41, 95% CI=1.11-1.79), hypertension (AOR=1.26, 95% CI=1.06-1.50), cardiovascular disease (AOR=1.24, 95% CI=1.19-1.29), and heart failure (AOR=1.81, 1.31-2.51) were independently associated with sleep-disordered breathing; snoring (AOR=2.10, 95% CI=1.67-2.70), age (AOR per 5-year increase=1.27, 95% CI=1.18-1.38), obesity (AOR=1.48, 95% CI=1.21-1.82), and heart failure (AOR=1.60, 95% CI=1.15-2.24) were associated with obstructive apnea; and age (AOR=1.33, 1.17-1.50) and heart failure (AOR=1.88, 95% CI=1.17-3.04) were associated with central apnea.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regardless of definition, a high prevalence of sleep disorders is observed in community-dwelling older men. Qualitatively similar associations were observed between sleep disorders and snoring, obesity, and comorbidities, as reported for middle aged populations. Asian race was associated with sleep-disordered breathing.
authors.affiliation: San Francisco Coordinating Center, University of California San Francisco at San Diego, USA. mehrar@ameriteh.net
authors.forename: Reena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mehra
authors.forename: Katie L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Terri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Blackwell
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ancoli Israel
authors.forename: Thuy-Tien L
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Dam
authors.forename: Marcia L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Stefanick
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Redline
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001213:Asian; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000150:complications*; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications*; D017286:Polysomnography; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012913:Snoring / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People