Biochemical and structural characterization of Salmonella typhimurium glyoxalase II: new insights into metal ion selectivity.
Glyoxalase II is a hydrolytic enzyme part of the glyoxalase system, responsible for detoxifying several cytotoxic compounds employing glutathione. Glyoxalase II belongs to the superfamily of metallo-beta-lactamases, with a conserved motif able to bind up to two metal ions in their active sites, generally zinc. Instead, several eukaryotic glyoxalases II have been characterized with different ratios of iron, zinc, and manganese ions. We have expressed a gene coding for a putative member of this enzyme superfamily from Salmonella typhimurium that we demonstrate, on the basis of its activity, to be a glyoxalase II, named GloB. Recombinant GloB expressed in Escherichia coli was purified with variable amounts of iron, zinc, and manganese. All forms display similar activities, as can be shown from protein expression in minimal medium supplemented with specific metal ions. The crystal structure of GloB solved at 1.4 A shows a protein fold and active site similar to those of its eukaryotic homologues. NMR and EPR experiments also reveal a conserved electronic structure at the metal site. GloB is therefore able to accommodate these different metal ions and to carry out the hydrolytic reaction with similar efficiencies in all cases. The metal promiscuity of this enzyme (in contrast to other members of the same superfamily) can be accounted for by the presence of a conserved Asp residue acting as a second-shell ligand that is expected to increase the hardness of the metal binding site, therefore favoring iron uptake in glyoxalases II.
Campos-Bermudez
Valeria A
VA
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, IBR-CONICET and Area Biofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario S2002LRK, Argentina.
Leite
Ney Ribeiro
NR
Krog
Renata
R
Costa-Filho
Antonio J
AJ
Soncini
Fernando C
FC
Oliva
Glaucius
G
Vila
Alejandro J
AJ
D001665:Binding Sites; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D007700:Kinetics; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011485:Protein Binding; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000099301:Hydroxyacylglutathione Hydrolase
D008670:Metals; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases; D015032:Zinc; D000099301:Hydroxyacylglutathione Hydrolase