LC-MS and GC-MS metabolite profiling of nickel(II) complexes in the latex of the nickel-hyperaccumulating tree Sebertia acuminata and identification of methylated aldaric acid as a new nickel(II) ligand.
Targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology using size exclusion chromatography and metabolite profiling based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to study the nickel-rich latex of the hyperaccumulating tree Sebertia acuminata. More than 120 compounds were detected, 57 of these were subsequently identified. A methylated aldaric acid (2,4,5-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-1,6-hexan-dioic acid) was identified for the first time in biological extracts and its structure was confirmed by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. After citric acid, it appears to be one of the most abundant small organic molecules present in the latex studied. Nickel(II) complexes of stoichiometry NiII:acid=1:2 were detected for these two acids as well as for malic, itaconic, erythronic, galacturonic, tartaric, aconitic and saccharic acids. These results provide further evidence that organic acids may play an important role in the transport and possibly in the storage of metal ions in hyperaccumulating plants.
Callahan
Damien L
DL
School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Roessner
Ute
U
Dumontet
Vincent
V
Perrier
Nicolas
N
Wedd
Anthony G
AG
O'Hair
Richard A J
RA
Baker
Alan J M
AJ
Kolev
Spas D
SD
D000272:Adipates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007840:Latex / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008745:Methylation; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009532:Nickel / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029632:Sapotaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis
C528324:2,4,5-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-1,6-hexan-dioic acid; D000272:Adipates; D007840:Latex; D008024:Ligands; D012987:Soil; D009532:Nickel