title: Comparison of cytokine levels in bilateral ear effusions in patients with otitis media secretoria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to clarify the site of primary pathology in otitis media with effusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  The levels of the inflammatory mediators TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, IL-1beta, IL-8, IL-6, IL-4, IL-2, IL-5, IL-10, and IFN-gamma were measured in 54 pairs (108 samples) using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, IL-1beta, IL-8, anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-5, IL-4, IL-10, IL-6, and cytokines with immunoregulatory potential IFN-gamma, IL-2 were different between both ears of the same patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that in one individual both ears have different immunological processes or rates and this has implications on using the opposite ear as a control in clinical trials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Profiles of interlink of examined cytokines within the samples of both ear effusions were significantly different. A significant bilateral difference was found in the levels of IFN-gamma.
authors.affiliation: ORL Clinic, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro.
authors.forename: Svjetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matkovic
authors.forename: Danilo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vojvodic
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Baljosevic
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000378:metabolism*; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators