title: Inverse photoemission with energy resolution better than 200 meV.
abstract: We present a spectrometer for inverse photoemission in the vacuum ultraviolet range with variable energy resolution between 400 and 165 meV full width at half maximum. The energy distribution of the electron beam used for excitation can be adjusted between 300 and 125 meV by the use of a toroidal 90 degrees electrostatic deflector combined with a slit aperture. The emitted photons are detected by Geiger-Muller counters filled with either acetone or iodine as counting gas. The optical bandpasses of the detectors can be tuned between 100 and 330 meV by varying the temperature of their entrance windows. The overall resolution of the spectrometer is determined by measuring the Fermi-level onset in inverse-photoemission data of polycrystalline gold. Furthermore, the resolution enhancement is demonstrated by spectra of image-potential-induced surface states at Cu(001).
authors.affiliation: Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Budke
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Renken
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liebl
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rangelov
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Donath
mesh_terms: D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D004735:Energy Transfer; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D017785:Photons; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods