title: The effect of paraoxon on GABA uptake in rat cerebellar synaptosomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The compounds used to treat organophosphate (OP) poisoning are not able to fully alleviate long-lasting effects. They are mainly used to antagonize the cholinergic effects of OPs; however, non-cholinergic effects such as interference with different neurotransmitter systems, especially GABA release and uptake, are now attracting more attention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cerebellar synaptosomes were used to investigate any potential interaction between paraoxon and GABA uptake. The cerebella of 250- to 280-g Wistar rats were rapidly dissected out, homogenized, centrifuged, and incubated with 0.004 microM [(3)H]GABA in the presence of different doses of paraoxon for 15 minutes at 37 degrees C. At the end of the incubation period, the synaptosomes were layered in chambers of a superfusion system (UGO). To assay the amount of [(3)H]GABA uptake, radioactivity was measured using a beta-counter (Winspectrul).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean GABA uptake was 111, 95, 71, 73, and 75 percent of the control values in the presence of paraoxon concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 microM, respectively. Accordingly, GABA uptake was significantly reduced at doses 1, 10, and 100 microM of paraoxon (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Paraoxon may interfere with GABA uptake by cerebellar synaptosomes at micromolar concentrations or higher.
authors.affiliation: District Health Center, University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. amene_shahrokhi@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Amene
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shahroukhi
authors.forename: Asghar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghasemi
authors.forename: Fereshte
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Poorabdolhossein
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asgari
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khoshbaten
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006836:Hydro-Lyases / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010261:Paraoxon / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D002802:Cholinesterases; D006836:Hydro-Lyases; C045581:lactate dehydratase; D010261:Paraoxon