Development of prototype for navigated real-time sonography for the head and neck region.
BACKGROUND
To date, few imaging methods have been established for the head and neck region, in particular for soft tissues, that allow adequate visualization and simultaneously adequate real-time orientation.


METHODS
We report a new method using a navigated ultrasound device and a navigated surgical instrument that allows--even in the absence of bony landmarks--appropriate visualization and reliable orientation in real time.


RESULTS
The practical applicability of the system was tested. Good handling and acceptance of the system could be shown. The "3-dimensional error" derived from the deviations in all 3 dimensions lies at 0.64 mm.


CONCLUSIONS
With this ultrasound-guided navigated procedure, an accurate approach of soft tissue structures with a surgical instrument is possible. Changes of the situs are represented in real time.
Helbig
Matthias
M
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Frankfurt/Main, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany. matthias.helbig@kgu.de
Krysztoforski
Krzysztof
K
Krowicki
Pawel
P
Helbig
Silke
S
Gstoettner
Wolfgang
W
Kozak
Josef
J
D002138:Calibration; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods*; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods