title: LC-MS and GC-MS metabolite profiling of nickel(II) complexes in the latex of the nickel-hyperaccumulating tree Sebertia acuminata and identification of methylated aldaric acid as a new nickel(II) ligand.
abstract: Targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology using size exclusion chromatography and metabolite profiling based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to study the nickel-rich latex of the hyperaccumulating tree Sebertia acuminata. More than 120 compounds were detected, 57 of these were subsequently identified. A methylated aldaric acid (2,4,5-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-1,6-hexan-dioic acid) was identified for the first time in biological extracts and its structure was confirmed by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. After citric acid, it appears to be one of the most abundant small organic molecules present in the latex studied. Nickel(II) complexes of stoichiometry NiII:acid=1:2 were detected for these two acids as well as for malic, itaconic, erythronic, galacturonic, tartaric, aconitic and saccharic acids. These results provide further evidence that organic acids may play an important role in the transport and possibly in the storage of metal ions in hyperaccumulating plants.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Damien L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Callahan
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Roessner
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dumontet
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Perrier
authors.forename: Anthony G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Wedd
authors.forename: Richard A J
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: O'Hair
authors.forename: Alan J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Spas D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Kolev
mesh_terms: D000272:Adipates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007840:Latex / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008745:Methylation; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009532:Nickel / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029632:Sapotaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: C528324:2,4,5-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-1,6-hexan-dioic acid; D000272:Adipates; D007840:Latex; D008024:Ligands; D012987:Soil; D009532:Nickel