title: Cleansing lotion containing tamarind fruit pulp extract. II. Study of cumulative irritation effects in human.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cleansing lotion containing extract of tamarind fruit pulp was developed to provide skin a lighter effect. Skin irritation may occur due to keratolytic effect of alpha-hydroxyl acids (AHA) in the tamarind fruit pulp extract.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the cumulative irritation effect of cleansing lotion containing tamarind fruit extract with 2% (w/w) tartaric acid on human skin compared with placebo product and de-ionized water.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study design was a single-blinded, randomized side of arm, and controlled study. Three samples, including test product, placebo product, and de-ionized water, were repeatedly applied on the inner forearm of 15 healthy females (aged 28.3 +/- 3.1 years) for 30 min daily for 5 days under semi-occlusive patch. Skin irritation was measured by using visual scoring and instruments such as Tewameter and Mexameter. All measurements were done before application of samples every day from day 1 until day 5. Final measurements were done after the last application for 3 days (day 8).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results obtained from the visual scoring scale indicated no irritation signs and symptoms of test product. Mean differences of transepidermal water loss and erythema values between test product and de-ionized water and between test and placebo products were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate a preliminary safety evidence of our developed cleansing lotion containing the natural AHAs and can be used as cumulative evidence for supporting the future home use study of this product in human.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Ratree
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maenthaisong
authors.forename: Jarupa
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Viyoch
authors.forename: Nathorn
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chaiyakunapruk
authors.forename: Prateep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Warnnissorn
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017453:Dermatitis, Irritant / Q000209:etiology; D003902:Detergents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D023422:Skin Irritancy Tests; D029861:Tamarindus; D014870:Water Loss, Insensible
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D010936:Plant Extracts