title: Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of anacardic acids from Amphipterygium adstringens.
abstract: Amphipterygium adstringens (Schltdl.) Standl. (Anacardiaceae) is widely used in traditional Mexican medicine for the treatment of gastritis and ulcers. In this work, we studied the anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of its bark, this Gram-negative bacterium is considered the major etiological agent of chronic active gastritis and peptic ulcer disease, and it is linked to gastric carcinoma. From a bio-guided assay of the fractions obtained form a continuous Soxhlet extraction of the bark, we identified that petroleum ether fraction had significant antimicrobial activity against Helicobacter pylori. From this fraction, we isolated an anacardic acids mixture and three known triterpenes: masticadienonic acid; 3alpha-hydroxymasticadienonic acid; 3-epi-oleanolic; as well as the sterol beta-sitosterol. Only the anacardic acids mixture exhibits a potent dose-dependent antibacterial activity (MIC=10 microg/ml in broth cultures). It is enriched in saturated alkyl phenolic acids (C15:0, C16:0, C17:0 C19:0) which represents a novel source of these compounds with potent anti-Helicobacter pylori activity. The promising use of anacardic acids and Amphipterygium adstringens bark in the development of an integral treatment of Helicobacter pylori diseases is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF, CP 04510, Mexico.
authors.forename: Israel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Castillo-Juárez
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rivero-Cruz
authors.forename: Heliodoro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Celis
authors.forename: Irma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Romero
mesh_terms: D027926:Anacardiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D048729:Anacardic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D008800:Mexico; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D024301:Plant Bark; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D048729:Anacardic Acids; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012855:Sitosterols; D014315:Triterpenes; C459620:masticadienonic acid; C025473:gamma-sitosterol; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; C017616:phenolic acid