title: Spatial and temporal variability of the Glossina palpalis palpalis population in the Mbini focus (Equatorial Guinea).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human African Trypanosomiasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease. The geographical distribution of the disease is linked to the spatial distribution of the tsetse fly. As part of a control campaign using traps, the spatial and temporal variability is analysed of the glossina populations present in the Mbini sleeping sickness foci (Equatorial Guinea).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant drop in the annual mean of the G. p. palpalis apparent density was noted from 2004 to 2005, although seasonal differences were not observed. The apparent density (AD) of G. p. palpalis varies significantly from one biotope to another. The fish dryers turned out to be zones with the greatest vector density, although the AD of G. p. palpalis fell significantly in all locations from 2004 to 2005.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the tsetse fly density being relatively low in fish dryers and jetties, the population working in those zones would be more exposed to infection. The mono-pyramidal traps in the Mbini focus have been proven to be a useful tool to control G. p. palpalis, even though the activity on the banks of the River Wele needs to be intensified. The application of spatial analysis techniques and geographical information systems are very useful tools to discriminate zones with high and low apparent density of G. p. palpalis, probably associated with different potential risk of sleeping sickness transmission.
authors.affiliation: National Centre of Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Sinesio Delgado 6, 28029, Madrid, Spain. jcano@isciii.es
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cano
authors.forename: Miguel Angel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Descalzo
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ndong-Mabale
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ndongo-Asumu
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bobuakasi
authors.forename: Jesús N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Buatiché
authors.forename: Sisinio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nzambo-Ondo
authors.forename: Melchor
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ondo-Esono
authors.forename: Agustin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benito
authors.forename: Jesus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roche
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017753:Ecosystem; D016703:Equatorial Guinea / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D013045:Species Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D019371:Topography, Medical / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D014353:Trypanosomiasis, African / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D014370:Tsetse Flies / Q000145:classification