title: [Attributes of forest infrastructure].
abstract: This paper discussed the origin and evolution of the conception of ecological infrastructure, the understanding of international communities about the functions of forest, the important roles of forest in China' s economic development and ecological security, and the situations and challenges to the ongoing forestry ecological restoration programs. It was suggested that forest should be defined as an essential infrastructure for national economic and social development in a modern society. The critical functions of forest infrastructure played in the transition of forestry ecological development were emphasized. Based on the synthesis of forest ecosystem features, it was considered that the attributes of forest infrastructure are distinctive, due to the fact that it is constructed by living biological material and diversified in ownership. The forestry ecological restoration program should not only follow the basic principles of infrastructural construction, but also take the special characteristics of forests into consideration in studying the managerial system of the programs. Some suggestions for the ongoing programs were put forward: 1) developing a modern concept of ecosystem where man and nature in harmony is the core, 2) formulating long-term stable investments for forestry ecological restoration programs, 3) implementing forestry ecological restoration programs based on infrastructure construction principles, and 4) managing forests according to the principles of infrastructural construction management.
authors.affiliation: School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China. jkgao@forestry.gov.cn
authors.forename: Jun-kai
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Ying-shan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004463:Ecology; D017753:Ecosystem; D016468:Forestry / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D014197:Trees / Q000254:growth & development*