title: In vivo evaluation of the effects of 10% carbamide peroxide and 3.5% hydrogen peroxide on the enamel surface.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bleaching of vital teeth performed at home by the patient under the dentist's supervision, using low-concentration peroxides and custom-fitted trays specifically designed for this purpose, is one of several options for this type of dental treatment, whether alone or in combination with another in-office bleaching technique. The objective of this study is to analyse the effect on the enamel surface of two bleaching products recommended for this technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two bleaching products were used: VivaStyle (Vivadent), a 10% carbamide peroxide, and FKD (Kin), a 3.5% hydrogen peroxide. They were applied in trays to the anterior teeth of 20 patients (10 in each group). The application times were 2 and 3 hours a day respectively for 28-33 days. Replicas of the tooth surfaces before and after treatment were obtained. These were observed with a scanning electron microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The images obtained showed that the tooth surfaces remained entire and the enamel surface structures remained normal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show that neither of the products affects the enamel surface: no post-operatory changes were observed.
authors.affiliation: Diplomada en Técnicas de Blanqueamiento Dental, Universitat de València, Estudi General, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berga Caballero
authors.forename: Leopoldo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Forner Navarro
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Amengual Lorenzo
mesh_terms: D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010545:Peroxides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014073:Tooth Bleaching; D014508:Urea / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D016877:Oxidants; D010545:Peroxides; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide