title: Three-dimensional nasal reconstruction using a prefabricated forehead flap: case report.
abstract: Surgical treatment is extremely difficult with the combined defects of skin, cartilage, and nasal mucosa. Besides efforts geared toward ascertaining the best aesthetic outcome, an important concern is restoring normal nasal function. This can be achieved only by providing sufficiently and anatomically adapted cartilage and bone support, followed by covering the inner part using tissue closely resembling mucosa and the outer part using skin compatible with the surrounding skin. The surgical technique for three-dimensional nasal reconstruction in the first session of this study involved placing a silicon sheet between the skin and galea, which allowed two separate flaps to be obtained for the next session without vascular damage. For the epithelialization of the defect on the nasal surface, the lower surface of the galea was prefabricated with a thin skin graft obtained from the thigh. In this way, nasal mucosa cover was ensured. The expander placed under all these structures thinned them down to a thickness close to that of nasal skin and mucosa and also enabled primary closure of the donor area. Thus, the defect that emerged during the second session in cartilage framework was repaired by cartilage grafts taken from the nasal septum. The mucosal surface and skin part then could be closed with two separate flaps. The forehead flap used in this technique enabled production of an aesthetically and functionally satisfactory outcome by providing an anatomically sufficient amount of nasal skin and nasal mucosa for whole-layer wide nasal defects in only three sessions without necessitating an additional flap.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Fatih Mah., R. Seymen, Doktorlar sitesi F Blok, No. 3, Kuruçeşme, Kocaeli, Turkey. sahinalagoz@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Murat Sahin
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Alagöz
authors.forename: Tonguç
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Işken
authors.forename: Cenk
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onyedi
authors.forename: Hakki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Izmirli
authors.forename: Ergin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yücel
mesh_terms: D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000601:surgery; D005546:Forehead / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009666:Nose; D009667:Nose Deformities, Acquired / Q000601:surgery*; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D016038:Skin Transplantation; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D015626:Tissue Expansion / Q000379:methods*; D015625:Tissue Expansion Devices; D016896:Treatment Outcome