[Cerebral salt wasting syndrome: experimental study in rats].
BACKGROUND
The cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSWS) is characterized by hyponatraemia secondary to excessive natriuesis with osmotic duiresis. This syndrome, frequently, occurs after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), but may occur after any acute cerebral aggression.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to assess the frequency of the CSWS in animal models with, SAH, cerebral ischemia (CI), and cranial trauma (CT), and its correlation with the secretion of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP).


METHODS
Four groups of rats were selected: group SAH (n=7) consisted of SAH induced by perforation of the carotid artery in its intracerebral part; group CI (n=7) consisted of CI induced by ligature of the carotid artery; group CT (n=7) consisted of induced CT; and a control group Sham (n=7). Weight, serum sodium, BNP, and urinary sodium, were measured at baseline and 24 hours after.


RESULTS
Rats with SAH had significant natriuresis and diuresis with negative sodium balance (-95.9+/-447.4 mumol) with a significant difference (P<0.05) compared to the rats of the CI and the Sham groups. There was no difference in the 24 hours level of BNP between the four different groups.


CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that SAH, in animal models, induced high diuresis with negative sodium balance in the first 24 hours. These findings were absents in the others groups. This was independent of the BNP secretion and may correspond to the early occurrence of a CSWS.
Jabbour
H
H
Département d'anesthésie et de réanimation, Hôtel-Dieu-de-France, Beyrouth, Liban.
Farès
N
N
D000818:Animals; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004231:Diuresis; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000209:etiology*; D007177:Inappropriate ADH Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats