title: Role of 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate in virus-induced polykaryocyte formation.
abstract: One way herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) spreads in vivo is by polykaryocytes formation. Here we demonstrate that polykaryocyte production during HSV-1 spread in cultured human corneal fibroblasts (CF) required heparan sulfate (HS) and more specifically 3-O sulfated HS (3-OS HS). The polykaryocyte formation heavily depended on the expression of HS on target (CF) cells but not on glycoprotein expressing effector cells. Furthermore, we provide the first visual evidence of 3-OS HS and HSV-1 gD colocalization during the membrane fusion process. Taken together our results provide novel insight into the significance of HS in polykaryocyte formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Vaibhav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: Gerdy B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: ten Dam
authors.forename: Beatrice Y J T
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Toin H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: van Kuppevelt
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shukla
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003315:Cornea / Q000166:cytology; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D008156:Luciferases; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins