title: Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome in children: report of a case and review of the literature.
abstract: This article reviews the therapeutic approaches in children with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome, and reports on a 9-year-old girl with progressive visual loss due to VKH syndrome in spite of treatment. In previous reports, corticosteroids were found to be the most effective agents in the treatment of VKH syndrome, while combination therapies with cyclosporine, methotrexate, or azathioprine were used with favorable results in refractory cases. In the current case, none of the treatments sufficiently stabilized the vision, but triple combination of corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and methotrexate suppressed the relapses of intraocular inflammation. Treatment of children with VKH syndrome is challenging. Various treatment modalities have been reported with various responses, but there is still no definite treatment regimen, and the treatment is usually individualized in pediatric VKH cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Retinal and Uveal Diseases, Ulucanlar Eye Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. niluferberker@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Nilufer
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Berker
authors.forename: Yasemin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ozdamar
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Soykan
authors.forename: Pinar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ozdal
authors.forename: Seyhan Sonar
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ozkan
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence; D042262:Retinoscopy; D014607:Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D015354:Vision, Low / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents