title: Transcervical Foley catheter with and without extraamniotic saline infusion for labor induction: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of transcervical Foley catheter alone (Foley) to transcervical Foley catheter with extraamniotic saline infusion for labor induction and cervical ripening in women with an unfavorable cervix.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of women presenting for labor induction with a singleton, cephalic fetus, intact membranes, and unfavorable cervix (Bishop score 6 or less). Eligible women were randomly assigned to receive either Foley catheter alone or Foley catheter with extraamniotic saline infusion. All women received concurrent oxytocin administration. The primary study outcome was the induction-to-delivery interval. Secondary outcomes included cesarean delivery, maternal infectious outcomes, and immediate neonatal outcomes. Analysis was by intent to treat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred eighty-eight women met eligibility criteria and were randomly assigned (Foley plus extraamniotic saline infusion, n=97; Foley, n=91). Baseline demographic characteristics, including parity, gestational age, and Bishop score were similar between the study groups. The median induction-to-delivery interval in the extraamniotic saline infusion arm (12.6 hours, interquartile range 9.3-18.8 hours) was similar to that in the Foley arm (13.4 hours, interquartile range 9.6-17.5 hours) (P=. 70). The proportion of women delivered by 24 hours was comparable between groups (delivery 24 hours, extraamniotic saline infusion 89.7%, Foley 87.9%, P=.70), as was the rate of cesarean delivery (Foley 18.7%, extraamniotic saline infusion 27.8%, P=.14). No significant differences were noted between the study groups with respect to rate of chorioamnionitis, endometritis, or immediate birth outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In women with an unfavorable cervix, the addition of extraamniotic saline infusion to a transcervical Foley catheter does not improve efficacy for labor induction.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00442663
  
  
  METHODS
  I.
authors.affiliation: Center for Women's Reproductive Health, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35249-7333, USA. monique_lin@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Monique G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Kimberly J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Treaster
authors.forename: Francis S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Nuthalapaty
authors.forename: Patrick S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Ramsey
authors.forename: George C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000650:Amnion; D002404:Catheterization; D020070:Cervical Ripening; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000187:drug effects*; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007751:Labor, Induced / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D010120:Oxytocics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010120:Oxytocics; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D010121:Oxytocin