title: Off-pump total myocardial revascularization in patients with left ventricular dysfunction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess off-pump myocardial revascularization in patients with significant left ventricular dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred and five patients with an ejection fraction less than 35% underwent myocardial revascularization without extracorporeal circulation. The procedure was performed with the aid of a suction stabilizer and the LIMA stitch. The distal anastomoses were performed first.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 405 patients were evaluated whose mean age was 63.4 +/- 9.78 years. Two hundred and seventy-nine patients were men (68.8%). With regard to risk factors, 347 patients were hypertensive, 194 were smokers, 202 were dyslipidemic, and 134 had diabetes. Two hundred and sixty patients were classified as NYHA functional class III and IV. Twenty patients suffered from chronic renal disease and were under dialysis. Fifty-one underwent emergency surgery, and 33 had been previously operated on. The mean ejection fraction was 27.2 +/- 3.54%. The mean EuroSCORE was 8.46 +/- 4.41. The mean number of anastomoses performed was 3.03 +/- 1.54 per patient. Forty-nine patients (12%) needed an intra-aortic balloon inserted after induction of anesthesia, whereas 73 (18%) needed inotropic support during the perioperative period. As to complications, 2 patients (0.49%) had renal failure, 2 had mediastinitis (0.49%), 7 (1.7%) needed to be reoperated because of bleeding, 5 patients (1.2%) suffered acute myocardial infarction, and 70 patients (17.3%) experienced atrial fibrillation. Eighteen (4.4%) patients died.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the data above, we concluded that myocardial revascularization without extracorporeal circulation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction is a safe and effective technique, and an alternative for high-risk patients. Results obtained were better than those predicted by EuroSCORE.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Cirurgia Cardiovascular, Santa Casa de Misericórdia, PUC, Curitiba, PR, Brasil. grmilani@cardiol.br
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Milani
authors.forename: Brofman
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Paulo
authors.forename: José Augusto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Moutinho
authors.forename: Barboza
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laura
authors.forename: Guimarães
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maximiliano
authors.forename: Barbosa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Alexandre
authors.forename: Zitynski
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lidia
authors.forename: Précoma
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dalton
authors.forename: Varela
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Alexandre
authors.forename: Marcel Rogers
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ravanelli
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000209:etiology; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008480:Mediastinitis / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000601:surgery*