Ankle arthrodesis in rheumatoid arthritis: techniques, results, and complications.
This article defines specific risks associated with rheumatoid arthritis, including an increased incidence of medical comorbidities, the use of steroids and other immunosuppressive agents, osteoporosis, vascular disease, and the common occurrence of severe deformity. This article suggests approaches for management and techniques that may improve specific surgical issues in this challenging patient population.
Sammarco
Vincent James
VJ
Cincinnati Sports Medicine and Orthopaedic Center, 10663 Montgomery Road, Cincinnati, OH 45242, USA. vjsammarco@csmoc.com
D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000601:surgery*; D001174:Arthrodesis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016896:Treatment Outcome