title: In-vivo topography of structural alterations of the anterior cingulate in patients with schizophrenia: new findings and comparison with the literature.
abstract: The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is part of the rostral limbic system and is involved in cognitive and affective processes that have been reported to be disturbed in schizophrenia. Despite the evidence for ACC abnormalities in schizophrenia indicated by functional imaging studies, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of this region of interest (ROI) have been relatively few and the results inconsistent. The aim of the present study was to examine the hypothesis that different subregions of the ACC are differentially affected by the disease process of schizophrenia, a circumstance that might contribute to contradictory results of earlier structural ACC studies. We investigated ACC volumes in 50 male and right-handed patients with schizophrenia according to ICD-10 and DSM-IV. The patients were individually matched for age, sex, handedness and education with 50 control subjects. ACC was subdivided into four parts: precallosal, subgenual, precommissural and postcommissural regions. Measurements were performed with a 1.5 T magnetom vision apparatus. Regions of interest were defined on consecutive coronal MRI-slices. The software program BRAINS was used for volumetry and segmentation into gray and white matter. We detected that ACC gray matter volume of the right precallosal region and right total ACC was significantly reduced in schizophrenic patients compared with control subjects. In addition, left ACC gray matter was selectively reduced in the subgenual region. These results confirmed our hypothesis that different ACC regions are differentially affected by structural alterations in schizophrenia, a circumstance that might explain in part the discrepant findings of former structural imaging studies of the ACC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Nussbaumstrasse 7, D-80336 Munich, Germany. thomas.zetzsche@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zetzsche
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Preuss
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Frodl
authors.forename: Dorothee
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Watz
authors.forename: Gisela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koutsouleris
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Born
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reiser
authors.forename: Hans-Jürgen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Möller
authors.forename: Eva Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Meisenzahl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010487:Periaqueductal Gray / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents