title: Living environment and self assessed morbidity: a questionnaire-based survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Health complaints have been reported to be higher among the industrial area residents when compared with reference community.
  
  
  METHODS
  Such reports being only a few, a questionnaire survey was conducted in three different areas (Industrial, Residential, Commercial) of Ahmedabad city of India to determine the pattern of morbidity and to do a comparative analysis of different areas within the city.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 679 families (243 from commercial, 199 from residential and 237 from industrial area) were included in this study. This study revealed that apart from presence of industry in close proximity to residence (99.2%), industrial area residents are having many other disadvantages from the point of view of public health like waste water stagnation (87.4%), problem of cooking smoke (33.2%) and presence of garbage dumps near residence (72.8%). Consequently, problems like coughing, wheezing, eye irritation, skin irritation, jaundice, asthma, and dental caries have been observed to be more common in industrial area. Comparative risk calculated in terms of odds ratio for different such problems have ranged from 1.83 to 6.2 when industrial area was compared with commercial area. Similarly on comparison of industrial area with residential area, odds ratio for different problems have ranged from 1.82 to 11.5.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has pointed out the need of separate planning and implementation of specific upliftment programs for addressing the environmental as well as public health issues of industrial localities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Medicine, National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, India. asimsaha2311@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Asim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.forename: Pradip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: Habibullah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saiyed
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D003132:Commerce; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007221:Industry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000145:classification*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012650:Self Disclosure; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014504:Urban Health