title: Cerebral blood flow in temporal lobe epilepsy: a partial volume correction study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) have shown that, owing to brain atrophy, positron emission tomography (PET) can overestimate deficits in measures of cerebral function such as glucose metabolism (CMR(glu)) and neuroreceptor binding. The magnitude of this effect on cerebral blood flow (CBF) is unexplored. The aim of this study was to assess CBF deficits in TLE before and after magnetic resonance imaging-based partial volume correction (PVC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Absolute values of CBF for 21 TLE patients and nine controls were computed before and after PVC. In TLE patients, quantitative CMR(glu) measurements also were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before PVC, regional values of CBF were significantly (p<0.05) lower in TLE patients than in controls in all regions, except the fusiform gyrus contralateral to the epileptic focus. After PVC, statistical significance was maintained in only four regions: ipsilateral inferior temporal cortex, bilateral insula and contralateral amygdala. There was no significant difference between patients and controls in CBF asymmetry indices (AIs) in any region before or after PVC. In TLE patients, AIs for CBF were significantly smaller than for CMR(glu) in middle and inferior temporal cortex, fusiform gyrus and hippocampus both before and after PVC. A significant positive relationship between disease duration and AIs for CMR(glu), but not CBF, was detected in hippocampus and amygdala, before but not after PVC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PVC should be used for PET CBF measurements in patients with TLE. Reduced blood flow, in contrast to glucose metabolism, is mainly due to structural changes.
authors.affiliation: University Milano-Bicocca, Via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy. giovacchini.giampiero@hsr.it
authors.forename: Giampiero
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giovacchini
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bonwetsch
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Herscovitch
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Theodore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016477:Artifacts; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity