title: Pretherapeutic staging of recurrent laryngeal carcinoma: clinical findings and imaging studies compared with histopathology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the accuracy of preoperative imaging studies and clinical and endoscopic examinations for recurrent laryngeal carcinoma evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective comparative study was performed at a university department on 42 recurrent laryngeal carcinomas. Surgical specimens were cut into whole-organ slices. Histologic findings were compared with the findings of the different preoperative diagnostic modalities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The craniocaudal tumor spread was correctly evaluated by endoscopy and imaging studies in 52% and 24%, respectively, and the contralateral tumor spread in 50% and 52%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for detection of tumor infiltration of the thyroid was 48%, 88%, and 64% and of the cricoid 47%, 80%, and 67%. The accuracy of recurrent tumor classification (crT) was 50%; most tumors were underclassified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inadequately evaluated tumor spread and the inadequately classified recurrent tumors were underestimated and underclassified in most cases, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Berne, Switzerland. peter.zbaeren@insel.ch
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zbären
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Christe
authors.forename: Marco D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Caversaccio
authors.forename: Edouard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stauffer
authors.forename: Harriet C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Thoeny
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011300:Preoperative Care; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed