Rings, bracelets, sleeves, and chevrons: new structures of kinetochore proteins.
Electron microscopy has recently revealed striking structural orderliness in kinetochore proteins and protein complexes that associate with microtubules. In addition to their astonishing appearance and intrinsic beauty, the structures are functionally informative. The Dam1 and Ndc80 complexes bind to the microtubule lattice as rings and chevrons, respectively. These structures give insight into how the kinetochore couples to dynamic microtubules, a process crucial to the accurate segregation of chromosomes. HURP and kinesin-13 arrange tubulin into sleeves and bracelets surrounding the microtubule lattice. These structures might reflect the ability of these proteins to modulate microtubule dynamics by interacting with specialized tubulin configurations. In this review, we compare and contrast the structure of these proteins and their interactions with microtubules to illustrate how they attach to and modulate the dynamics of microtubules.
Davis
Trisha N
TN
Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. tdavis@u.washington.edu
Wordeman
Linda
L
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D016547:Kinesins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018386:Kinetochores / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011487:Protein Conformation; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure
C465041:DLGAP5 protein, human; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; C112472:NDC80 protein, S cerevisiae; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014404:Tubulin; D016547:Kinesins