title: Association between adducin-1 G460W variant and blood pressure in Swedes is dependent on interaction with body mass index and gender.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The W allele of the G460W polymorphism in the adducin-1 gene has been occasionally associated with increased blood pressure (BP). The aim of this study was to test whether the G460W variant is associated with BP levels and BP progression rate and whether G460W associations with BP are affected by sex, body mass index (BMI), or age.
  
  
  METHODS
  The G460W polymorphism was genotyped in the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer-cardiovascular arm (MDC-CVA; n = 6103), of whom 53% had also been examined 11 +/- 4.4 years earlier in the Malmö Preventive Project (MPP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among subjects without antihypertensive treatment (AHT) in the MDC-CVA (n = 5009), there was no difference between carriers (38%) and noncarriers (62%) of the W allele in systolic BP (139.2 +/- 18.2 v 139.2 +/- 18.5 mm Hg; P = .99) or diastolic BP (85.9 +/- 9.1 v 86.1 +/- 9.2 mm Hg; P = .49). In subjects free from AHT in the MPP and MDC (n = 2637) there was no difference between carriers (38%) and noncarriers (62%) in progression of systolic BP (2.0 +/- 2.5 v 2.0 +/- 2.7 mm Hg/year; P = .45) or diastolic BP (0.59 +/- 1.6 v 0.56 +/- 1.5 mm Hg/year; P = .66) from MPP to MDC. At MDC-CVA BP was influenced by interaction between the G460W and BMI (P = .02 for systolic BP and P = .002 for diastolic BP) and by interaction between G460W and sex (P = .03 for systolic BP and P = .02 for diastolic BP), a result further confirmed by stratified analysis showing that female carriers of the W allele belonging to the upper tertile of BMI had increased systolic BP (146.1 +/- 18.6 v 141.2 +/- 18.6 mm Hg; P < .001), diastolic BP (88.7 +/- 8.7 v 86.1 +/- 8.7 mm Hg; P < .001), and prevalence of hypertension (72.5% v 61.8 %; P = .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that the G460W polymorphism influences BP when BMI and sex are taken into account.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, University Hospital of Malmö, Malmö, Sweden. cristiano.fava@med.lu.se
authors.forename: Cristiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fava
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montagnana
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Almgren
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rosberg
authors.forename: Gian Cesare
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Guidi
authors.forename: Göran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Berglund
authors.forename: Olle
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Melander
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012737:Sex Factors; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000502:physiology; D013548:Sweden; D000099291:Adducins
chemical_list: D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D000099291:Adducins