title: Distal lower-extremity pain and work postures in the Quebec population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Standing at work has been associated with discomfort and cardiovascular symptoms. Because standing postures vary in duration, mobility, and constraint, we explored associations between specific postures and pain in the lower extremities.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used multiple logistic regression to analyze associations between work factors and pain in the lower extremities during the previous 12 months that interfered with usual activities. We used data from among 7757 workers who were interviewed in the 1998 Quebec Health and Social Survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among all respondents, 9.4% reported significant ankle or foot pain, and 6.4% had lower-leg or calf pain. Significantly more women than men had pain at both sites. Both leg or calf and ankle or foot pain were strongly associated with standing postures, whole-body vibration, psychological distress, female gender, and being aged 50 years or older. Constrained standing postures were associated with increased ankle or foot pain for both men and women and with leg or calf pain for women, compared with standing with freedom to sit at will.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Freedom to sit at work may prevent lower-extremity pain. The effects of specific sitting and standing postures on cartilage, muscle, and the cardiovascular system may help explain discomfort in the lower extremities.
authors.affiliation: CINBIOSE, Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case postale 8888, Succursale Centreville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3P8. messing.karen@uqam.ca
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Messing
authors.forename: France
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tissot
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stock
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D016015:Logistic Models; D035002:Lower Extremity; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016272:Occupational Health; D010146:Pain / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011187:Posture; D015995:Prevalence; D011594:Psychometrics; D011792:Quebec / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires