title: Bed- and room-sharing in Chinese school-aged children: prevalence and association with sleep behaviors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To survey the prevalence of bed- and room-sharing and assess associations with sleep/wake patterns, duration of sleep, and sleep problems among urban school-aged children in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Students representing eight Chinese cities were studied during November and December, 2005. A total of 19,299 elementary-school children (49.7% boys and 50.3% girls with a mean age of 9.00 years) participated in the survey. A parent-administered questionnaire and the Chinese version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire were completed to quantify children's sleep arrangements and to characterize sleep behaviors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Co-sleeping was a common practice, with a prevalence of 37.6% (routine bed-sharing: 23.0%; room-sharing: 14.6%) in Chinese school-aged children. Bed- and room-sharing did not show significant gender difference but gradually decreased with increasing age. Compared to room-sharing and sleeping alone, bed-sharing was correlated with later bedtimes, later awakening times, and a shorter duration of sleep. However, the small difference was unlikely to have clinical significance. Bed- and room-sharing tended to be associated with the increased probability of six types of sleep problems: bedtime resistance, sleep anxiety, night waking, parasomnia, sleep-disordered breathing, and daytime sleepiness. Compared to bed-sharing, room-sharing had a lower odds ratio. Among six sleep problems, bedtime resistance and sleep anxiety had the strongest association with bed-sharing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sleep problems were common in Chinese school-aged children. Co-sleeping was highly prevalent and may be potentially associated with negative effects on sleep hygiene and sleep quality, although the context of the co-sleeping must be taken into consideration.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Children's Medical Center affiliated with Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shenghui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xingming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Chonghuai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Shenghu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D001513:Beds; D002648:Child; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012931:Social Environment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*