title: Endoscopic revision of external dacryocystorhinostomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the benefit of endoscopic surgery for the treatment of lacrimal duct obstruction in revisional surgeries after external dacryocystorhinostomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective nonrandomized study. Eleven cases of recurrent lacrimal duct obstruction after external dacryocystorhinostomy were submitted to endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rate of success after revisional surgery was 90.9%. The major causes of failure of the external approach were the presence of granulation tissue, septal deviations and synechiae near the opening of the fistula, inadequate removal of the bony wall adjuvant the lacrimal sac, technical error in the localization of the lacrimal sac, and excessive perioperative bleeding that impaired the surgical field.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy in revisional cases proved to be a safe technique of low morbidity, permitting effective resolution of the lacrimal obstructions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic surgery allows greater visibility of the lacrimal sac and its neighbor anatomic alterations and leads to better results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil-USP.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Demarco
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strose
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: Fabiana Cardoso Pereira
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Valera
authors.forename: Iracema
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Moribe
authors.forename: Wilma Terezinha
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Anselmo-Lima
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003607:Dacryocystitis / Q000601:surgery*; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy / Q000379:methods*; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012086:Reoperation / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome