title: Cell swelling-induced signaling for insulin secretion bypasses steps involving G proteins and PLA2 and is N-ethylmaleimide insensitive.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was undertaken to examine putative mechanisms of calcium independent signal transduction pathway of cell swelling-induced insulin secretion.
  
  
  METHODS
  The role of phospholipase A(2), G proteins, and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) in insulin secretion induced by 30% hypotonic medium was studied using isolated rat pancreatic islets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In contrast to glucose stimulation, osmotically induced insulin secretion from pancreatic islets was not inhibited by 10 micromol/l bromoenol lactone, an iPLA(2) (Ca(2+) independent phospholipase) inhibitor. Similarly, preincubation of islets for 20 hours with 25 microg/ml mycophenolic acid to inhibit GTP synthesis fully abolished glucose-induced insulin secretion but was without effect on hypotonicity stimulated insulin release. Glucose-induced insulin secretion was prevented by preincubation with 20 nmol/l tetanus toxin (TeTx), a metalloprotease inactivating soluble SNARE. Cell swelling-induced insulin secretion was inhibited by TeTx in the presence of calcium ions but not in calcium depleted medium. The presence of N-ethylmaleimide (NEM, 5 mmol/l, another inhibitor of SNARE proteins) in the medium resulted in high basal insulin secretion and lacking response to glucose stimulation. In contrast, high basal insulin secretion from NEM treated islets further increased after hypotonic stimulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  G proteins and iPLA(2) - putative mediators of Ca(2+) independent signaling pathway participate in glucose but not in hypotonicity-induced insulin secretion. Hypotonicity-induced insulin secretion is sensitive to clostridial neurotoxin TeTx but is resistant to NEM.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bacová
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orecná
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hafko
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Strbák
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048430:Cell Shape; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005033:Ethylmaleimide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D050600:SNARE Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007328:Insulin; D050600:SNARE Proteins; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D005033:Ethylmaleimide