title: The dilated pupil: an update.
abstract: The dilated pupil can present a significant challenge to the clinician. Although in most cases a complete history and physical examination is sufficient to make an accurate diagnosis, selected patients will require further investigation, including pharmacologic testing and neuroimaging. This review outlines the physiology, clinical features, and diagnostic approach to the most important causes of the dilated pupil. Particular attention is given to recent publications on this topic.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, 1796 Summer Street, Halifax, NS, B3H 3A7, Canada.
authors.forename: Jeremy J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Moeller
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Maxner
mesh_terms: D015875:Anisocoria / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017776:Autonomic Pathways / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007498:Iris / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D007499:Iris Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015878:Mydriasis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015840:Oculomotor Nerve Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D015845:Tonic Pupil / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology