title: Changes in activity after a complete spinal cord injury as measured by the Spinal Cord Independence Measure II (SCIM II).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The assessment of rehabilitation efficacy in spinal cord injury (SCI) should be based on a combination of neurological and functional outcome measures. The Spinal Cord Independence Measure II (SCIM II) is an independence scale that was specifically developed for subjects with SCI. However, little is known about the changes in SCIM II scores during and after rehabilitation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to evaluate changes in functional recovery during the first year after a complete SCI as measured by the SCIM II compared with neurological recovery (motor scores according to the American Spinal Injury Association [ASIA]).
  
  
  METHODS
  SCIM II data and ASIA motor scores at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after injury (derived from the database of the European Multicenter Study of Human Spinal Cord Injury) of 64 patients with complete paraplegia and 36 patients with complete quadriplegia were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with complete paraplegia, the SCIM II total score improved significantly during the 1-year follow-up, even after discharge from rehabilitation. In contrast, the ASIA motor scores showed little recovery. In patients with quadriplegia, functional and motor recovery developed in parallel during rehabilitation and after discharge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SCIM II is responsive to functional changes in patients with a persistent motor complete SCI. It is clinically useful for monitoring functional improvement during rehabilitation and after discharge. The SCIM II and the clinical examination based on the ASIA protocol are of complementary value and separately describe changes in independence and sensorimotor deficits in SCI patients.
authors.affiliation: Spinal Cord Injury Center, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland. bwirth@paralab.balgrist.ch
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wirth
authors.forename: Hubertus J A
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: van Hedel
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kometer
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dietz
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Curt
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D010243:Paralysis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities / Q000592:standards*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D020127:Recovery of Function; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*