title: A female case with Down syndrome and non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder.
abstract: Although the prevalence of a learned voiding dysfunction and non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder (NNB), which is one type of dysfunctional elimination syndrome, is considered to be relatively rare, the association of NNB with Down syndrome (DS) has been elucidated in male patients. We herein describe the occurrence of NNB in an adult female with DS. The diagnosis was confirmed after completely ruling out any neurological or anatomical anomalies that could be related to a lower urinary tract dysfunction. She had renal dysfunction and multiple obstructive uropathies for which clean intermittent catheterization was successfully introduced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.forename: Narihito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamuta
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000209:etiology*