title: The association of abuse and symptoms suggestive of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: results from the Boston Area Community Health survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of reported sexual, physical, or emotional abuse on the symptoms suggestive of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and to determine the effect of race/ethnicity on these patterns.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Boston Area Community Health (BACH) survey used a multi-stage stratified cluster sample to randomly sample 5,506 adults aged 30-79 from the city of Boston. BACH recruited 2,301 men (700 Black, 766 Hispanic, and 835 White). Interviewers administered questions approximating the National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis symptom index (CPSI), and symptoms suggestive of CP/CPPS were measured by the definition of perineal and/or ejaculatory pain and CPSI pain score of 4+. Questions about previous abuse were obtained from a validated self-administered questionnaire during the home visit. Logistic regression was used to determine the effect of abuse on the likelihood of a man having symptoms suggestive of CP/CPPS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of symptoms suggestive of CP/CPPS was 6.5%. Men who reported having experienced sexual, physical, or emotional abuse had increased odds (1.7-3.3) for symptoms suggestive of CP/CPPS. Previous abuse increased both the pain and urinary scores from the CPSI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Symptoms suggestive of CP/CPPS are not uncommon in a community-based population of men. For men presenting with symptoms suggestive of CP/CPPS, clinicians may wish to consider screening for abuse.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urologic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. jhu2@partners.org
authors.forename: Jim C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Carol L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Link
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McNaughton-Collins
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: McKinlay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001900:Boston; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002908:Chronic Disease; D017579:Domestic Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016015:Logistic Models; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012742:Sex Offenses / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data