title: Anxiety symptoms of new mothers during a period of recurrent, local terror.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  From September 2000, Israelis have been exposed to frequent terror attacks. In this study, we evaluated the severity of anxiety symptoms among Jerusalem-based mothers during the period of terror (1/2002 to 2/2005).
  
  
  METHODS
  Women (N=595) were recruited from maternity wards in public hospitals throughout the three year interval, and each participant was administered a standardized anxiety inventory (Beck Anxiety Inventory, BAI) by phone five months after giving birth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results show that anxiety scores were within normal range throughout the assessment period, but were most severe early in 2002, when the casualty-toll was especially high. Psychological symptoms consistently were rated higher in severity than physiological symptoms and only physiological symptoms declined in the aftermath of attacks. Tests for risk factors revealed higher scores among young mothers (<21 years old), new immigrants (<10 years in the country), and women who delivered by c-section.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our sample did not experience high levels of anxiety despite the challenge of adapting to parenthood within a context of local terror.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. msmarsha@mscc.huji.ac.il
authors.forename: Marsha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaitz
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stecklov
authors.forename: Noa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Devor
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D008425:Maternal Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000523:psychology*; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D040701:Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D023481:Terrorism / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data