title: Predictors of anterior pituitary insufficiency after traumatic brain injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have reported a high prevalence of hypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Risk stratification is a prerequisite for cost-effective hormonal screening of these patients. However, it is still unclear which risk factors predispose patients to develop anterior hypopituitarism after TBI.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess clinical and radiological risk factors for post-traumatic hypopituitarism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-eight consecutive patients (52 men, 26 women; mean age 36.0 years, range 18-65 years) with mild, moderate or severe TBI were studied. Endocrine and clinical parameters were assessed 3 and 12 months after TBI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found diffuse axonal injury, basal skull fracture and older age to be major risk factors of post-traumatic hypopituitarism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have defined specific risk factors for the development of post-traumatic hypopituitarism that are consistent with pathophysiological considerations. These findings might help to identify at-risk patients.
authors.affiliation: Neurological Clinic Bad Aibling, Kolbermoorer Strasse, Bad Aibling, Germany. schneider@mpipsykl.mpg.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yassouridis
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Saller
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: von Rosen
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Stalla
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007018:Hypopituitarism / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010908:Pituitary Hormones, Anterior / Q000097:blood; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D012307:Risk Factors; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult