[Perioperative fluid guideline in preterms, newborns, toddlers and infants].
The purposes of perioperative fluid therapy are to balance deficits that have occurred preoperatively, to realize the continuous infusion of maintenance requirements referred to body weight an to effect a correction of the intraoperative losses of water, electrolytes and blood components. Premature and new-born infants as well as children at risk for hypoglycaemia should additionally receive glucose in order to stabilise the glucose concentration and metabolism. Full electrolyte solutions containing 1 % glucose are sufficient. In cases with larger volume requirements, the circulatory system can be stabilized by the additional infusion of a glucose-free full electrolyte solution. Also in the cases of small children, artificial colloids may also be administered additionally. The efficacy of fluid and volume therapy should be controlled by an appropriately adapted circulation monitoring and regular blood gas analyses, especially for major interventions.
Strauss
Jochen M
JM
Klinik für Anästhesie, perioperative Medizin und Schmerztherapie am HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Germany. jochen.strauss@helios-kliniken.de
Sümpelmann
Robert
R
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007223:Infant; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000592:standards*; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D047928:Premature Birth; D014883:Water-Electrolyte Imbalance / Q000517:prevention & control*