title: Pollination by ants: a low-energy system.
abstract: Polygonum cascadense, a small, apparently self-incompatible, annual plant, is regularly cross-pollinated by the ant Formica argentea. Comparison of other purported ant-pollinated plants with traits favoring such pollination suggests that some, but not all, may be ant pollinated. Ant-pollination interactions are characterized by low expenditure of energy by both ant and plant.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hickman