title: Effects of inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor at time of selection on follicular angiogenesis, expansion, development and atresia in the marmoset.
abstract: This study determined the effects of inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) at follicle selection. Marmosets were given an injection of VEGF antagonist, the VEGF Trap on Day 5 of the follicular phase and ovaries were evaluated on Day 10 or 15. Ovaries from controls were assessed on Day 5 (time of selection), Day 10 (peri-ovulatory) and Day 15 (luteal phase). At Day 10, ovaries of four of the five controls contained dominant follicles, while one had ovulated. VEGF Trap-treated ovaries also contained large follicles on Day 10, but VEGF inhibition had suppressed endothelial cell proliferation, leading to reductions in the thecal vascularization and plasma estradiol relative to controls. By Day 15, ovaries of controls contained active corpora lutea whereas ovaries of four of the five treated animals still contained large antral follicles similar in size to pre-ovulatory follicles, and one had small, avascular corpora lutea. However, these follicles had a restricted vasculature, increased incidence of activated caspase-3 staining and morphological features indicating they would become degenerative non-functional cysts. These results show that after follicle selection, VEGF is essential for angiogenesis and the generation of healthy ovulatory follicles and corpora lutea, but fluid accumulation can still occur in selected follicles in the absence of VEGF.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Hillier
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wiegand
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Fraser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002144:Callithrix; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003338:Corpus Luteum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005496:Follicular Atresia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005498:Follicular Phase; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments / Q000235:genetics; D008183:Luteal Phase; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D010053:Ovary / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism