title: Endostatin expression in the murine model of ischaemia/reperfusion-induced acute renal failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Renal ischaemia-hypoxia is a leading cause of acute renal failure, a clinical condition associated with rapid loss of renal function and high rates of mortality. Renal proximal tubular cells are the most severely injured during renal ischaemia, caused by the breakdown of the extracellular matrix of the tubular basement membrane. Endostatin is the C-terminal fragment of collagen XVIII generated by proteolytic cleavage and it is well-known as being an inhibitor of angiogenesis. In vitro, endostatin inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and migration, as well as tubule formation. In vivo, it has a potent inhibitory effect on tumour growth. In this study, we analysed endostatin gene expression in C57BL/6 mouse kidneys subjected to ischaemia/reperfusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ischaemic renal failure was induced via 45 min of bilateral occlusion of the renal artery and vein, followed by 12 h or 24 h of reperfusion. Whole-kidney homogenate and total RNA were extracted for examination by western blot analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The immunohistological examination revealed increased endostatin expression in injured kidney, mainly in the proximal tubule and collecting ducts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endostatin/collagen XVIII mRNA and protein expression increased during ischaemia and within 12 h of reperfusion. In the western blot assay, we identified increased expression of the 30 kDa endostatin-related fragment and of matrix metalloproteinase-9. CD31 was significantly expressed during reperfusion (P < 0.05). Immunohistological examination revealed glomerular and tubulointerstitial expression of endostatin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest the local synthesis of a 30 kDa endostatin-related fragment following acute renal failure and suggest its role in the modulation of renal capillary density.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. mhmarumo@ipen.br
authors.forename: Maria H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Bellini
authors.forename: Enia L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Coutinho
authors.forename: Thelma C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Filgueiras
authors.forename: Thiago T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Maciel
authors.forename: Nestor
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schor
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003199:Computer Systems; D043169:Endostatins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D014018:Tissue Distribution