title: Effect of the Ala12 allele in the PPARgamma-2 gene on the relationship between birth weight and body composition in adolescents: the AVENA study.
abstract: The intent of this study was to assess whether the effect of birth weight on later body composition is modified by Pro12Pro, Pro12Ala, and Ala12Ala genotypes of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-2 (PPARgamma-2) gene. The PPARgamma-2 gene polymorphism was genotyped in 273 adolescents aged 13-18.5 y, born at term and whose birth weight was known. They were selected from a cross-sectional multicenter study conducted in five Spanish cities in 2000-2002. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from weight and height measurements, and body composition and fat distribution were estimated from skinfold thickness. A total of 229 subjects (111 males and 118 females) carried the Pro12Pro genotype and 44 (22 males and 22 females) the Pro12Ala and Ala12Ala PPARgamma-2 genotypes. In the Pro12Pro group, birth weight Z score was positively associated with both fat-free mass (FFM) (p < 0.05) and fat mass (FM) (p < 0.05), but these relationships disappeared after controlling for age, gestational age, socioeconomic status (SES), physical activity, Tanner stage, sex, and BMI. In the Ala12 group, birth weight Z score was positively associated with FFM (p < 0.01), and this relationship remained significant after controlling for confounding variables (p < 0.05). Small body weight at birth may program lower FFM in adolescents carrying the Ala12 allele in the PPARgamma-2 gene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, 01006 Vitoria, Spain. idoya.labayen@ehu.es
authors.forename: Idoia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Labayen
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Amelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marti
authors.forename: Domingo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: González-Lamuño
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wärnberg
authors.forename: Francisco B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nova
authors.forename: Jonatan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Jesús M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Garagorri
authors.forename: J Alfredo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Fuentes
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bueno
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000409:Alanine; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000235:genetics*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000235:genetics*; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D001827:Body Height / Q000235:genetics; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000235:genetics; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D011392:Proline; D012885:Skinfold Thickness; D013030:Spain