title: Annular systolic velocity predicts the presence of spontaneous echo contrast in mitral stenosis patients with sinus rhythm.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thromboembolism is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in mitral stenosis (MS), even in sinus rhythm (SR). Spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) is the strongest predictor of thromboembolism. The aim of the study was to investigate if the annular velocities obtained with tissue Doppler imaging can predict the presence of SEC in MS patients with SR.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and five MS patients and 100 controls were included. Annular velocities were recorded. All patients underwent transesophageal echocardiography. Subjects were divided into three groups as controls (Group I), the patients without SEC (Group II) and the patients with SEC (Group III).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group III patients had lower ejection fraction, annular systolic velocity, smaller mitral valve area, higher transmitral gradient and larger left atrial size. The annular systolic velocity was the only independent predictor for SEC. The cutoff values of annular systolic velocity for prediction of the presence of any SEC and dense SEC were 13.5 and 11.8 cm/s, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The annular systolic velocity is an independent predictor for SEC in MS patients with SR.
authors.affiliation: Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Adana, Turkey. drcayli@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cayli
authors.forename: Esmeray
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Acartürk
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanadaşi
authors.forename: Mesut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016279:Atrial Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003287:Contrast Media; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000150:complications*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D013599:Systole; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology