title: The in vivo evaluation of hand/rotary/ultrasound instrumentation in necrotic, human mandibular molars.
abstract: This in vivo, prospective, randomized, single-blinded study histologically compared biofilm/necrotic debridement efficiency of a hand/rotary technique versus a hand/rotary/1 min ultrasound technique in the mesial roots of necrotic, human mandibular molars. The hand/rotary group consisted of 20 mesial roots. The hand/rotary/ultrasound group consisted of 20 mesial roots prepared with the same hand/rotary technique followed by 1 min of ultrasonic irrigation, per canal, utilizing an ultrasonic needle in a MiniEndo unit. Following extraction, histologic preparation and staining, 0.2 mum cross-sections from the 1- to 3-mm apical levels were evaluated for percentage of biofilm/necrotic debris removal. Cleanliness results at the 1-, 2- and 3-mm levels for the hand/rotary and hand/rotary/ultrasound techniques, respectively, were: Canals, 80% versus 95%, 92% versus 99%, and 95% versus 100%; Isthmuses, 33% versus 83%, 31% versus 86%, 45% versus 91%. Statistical analysis revealed mean percent canal and isthmus cleanliness values to be significantly higher for hand/rotary/ultrasound technique at all levels evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43218-2357, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burleson
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nusstein
authors.forename: Al
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reader
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beck
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018441:Biofilms; D003646:Debridement / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology; D003790:Dental Pulp Necrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D006801:Humans; D008963:Molar / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D012399:Rotation; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000295:instrumentation; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods