title: High Incidences of Transmissible Kidney Tumors in Uminoculated Frogs Maintained in a Laboratory.
abstract: Various workers have shown that the Lucké carcinoma, a transmissible kidney tumor of the leopard frog, occurs spontaneously at low incidence (6.7 percent maximum). However, we have consistently observed much higher incidences (50 percent maximum), a finding of probable significance in the epidemiology and natural transmission of the tumor. Age, metabolic level, and cross infection are being investigated as possible factors in determining the tumor incidence.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Rafferty
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Rafferty