title: [Movement disorders in sleep].
abstract: Movements during sleep are quite common, especially among children and usually represent a benign and not intimidating condition. However, not infrequently, the presence of non-quiet sleep leads patients or their families to consult their family physician, since movements during sleep may be associated with several somatic or mental disorders, and may result in decreased quality of life. There are several clinical syndromes of pathological movements during sleep, which are usually classified according to the sleep stage at which they tend to occur. While the restless leg syndrome is one of the most common movement disorders, it usually occurs during wakefulness but commonly results in insomnia and is frequently associated with the periodic leg movement disorder of sleep. The movement disorders under parasomnias consists predominantly of disorders of arousal, sleep-wake transition disorders (rhythmic movement disorders), and rapid eye movement (REM) related disorders. This review briefly describes these movement disorders in sleep, and highlights their diagnosis and treatment. It emphasizes the recent development and novel knowledge in this field in recent years.
authors.affiliation: Sleep Lab, Meyer Children's Hospital, Rambam Medical Center and Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Tamar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Etzioni
authors.forename: Giora
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pillar
mesh_terms: D004569:Electroencephalography; D006801:Humans; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017286:Polysomnography; D012148:Restless Legs Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology; D012890:Sleep; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*