title: Short duration of skin-to-skin contact: effects on growth and breastfeeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare weight gain and head growth in very-low-birthweight (VLBW, <1501 g) infants with or without exposure to short duration of skin-to-skin contact (STSC) during their stay in a neonatal intensive care unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stable VLBW infants were randomised into either STSC or control group. Parents of the STSC group were encouraged to provide STSC for at least 1 h daily.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and forty-six infants were randomised, but only 126 were enrolled (STSC group: n = 64;
  
  
  METHODS
  n = 62). Infants in the STSC group had better mean weekly increase in head circumference (1.0 cm (SD = 0.3) vs. 0.7 cm (SD = 0.3); P < 0.0001) and higher breastfeeding rate at discharge (29.7% vs. 14.5%; P = 0.04). Although the mean duration of maternal education was longer in STSC (13.0 vs. 12.1 years; P = 0.04) than in controls, linear regression analysis showed that the significant predictors associated with weekly head growth were exposure to STSC (unstandardised coefficient: 0.2; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.1, 0.3; P < 0.0001) and head circumference of infants at the time of enrollment (unstandardised coefficient: -0.05; 95% CI: -08, -0.03; P < 0.0001); the number of years of maternal education was not a significant predictor. Logistic regression analysis showed that the only significant predictors of successful breastfeeding at discharge were receiving expressed breast milk at enrollment (adjusted OR: 4.1; 95% CI: 1.4, 11.7; P = 0.009) and receiving expressed breast milk during intervention period (adjusted OR: 8.3; 95% CI: 2.8, 24.4; P < 0.0001); exposure to STSC and maternal education were not significant predictors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exposure to short duration of STSC may promote head growth in VLBW infants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. nemyun_boo@imu.edu.my
authors.forename: Nem-Yun
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Boo
authors.forename: Faizah Mohamed
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Jamli
mesh_terms: D001942:Breast Feeding; D005260:Female; D006128:Growth; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D008296:Malaysia; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012867:Skin; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015430:Weight Gain