title: SCRAPPER-dependent ubiquitination of active zone protein RIM1 regulates synaptic vesicle release.
abstract: Little is known about how synaptic activity is modulated in the central nervous system. We have identified SCRAPPER, a synapse-localized E3 ubiquitin ligase, which regulates neural transmission. SCRAPPER directly binds and ubiquitinates RIM1, a modulator of presynaptic plasticity. In neurons from Scrapper-knockout (SCR-KO) mice, RIM1 had a longer half-life with significant reduction in ubiquitination, indicating that SCRAPPER is the predominant ubiquitin ligase that mediates RIM1 degradation. As anticipated in a RIM1 degradation defect mutant, SCR-KO mice displayed altered electrophysiological synaptic activity, i.e., increased frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents. This phenotype of SCR-KO mice was phenocopied by RIM1 overexpression and could be rescued by re-expression of SCRAPPER or knockdown of RIM1. The acute effects of proteasome inhibitors, such as upregulation of RIM1 and the release probability, were blocked by the impairment of SCRAPPER. Thus, SCRAPPER has an essential function in regulating proteasome-mediated degradation of RIM1 required for synaptic tuning.
authors.affiliation: Mitsubishi Kagaku Institute of Life Sciences (MITILS), 11 Minamiooya, Machida, Tokyo 194-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Ikuko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ageta
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kahyo
authors.forename: Showbu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hatanaka
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morone
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yuasa
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inokuchi
authors.forename: Toshihisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohtsuka
authors.forename: Grant R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Macgregor
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Mitsutoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Setou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; D044783:F-Box Proteins; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005838:Genotype; D006207:Half-Life; D007700:Kinetics; D007976:Leupeptins / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D009474:Neurons / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism*; D043743:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*