title: Aesthetic management of the ear as a donor site.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The ear is a frequently used donor site for facial reconstruction. It serves as an ideal source for skin, cartilage, and composite grafts because of its color and texture match. However, because of the prominent location of the ears, the prevention of donor-site problems such as scarring and resultant asymmetries is equally important in creating an overall aesthetic facial reconstruction. The purpose of this review was to describe surgical techniques of minimizing ear donor-site morbidity as a consequence of harvesting of composite chondrocutaneous grafts.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis was performed of all patients who underwent nasal reconstruction performed by the senior surgeon (D.J.S.) between 1987 and 2003, to identify those patients in whom a composite chondrocutaneous auricular graft was used. Photographs, surgical technique, and aesthetic outcomes were reviewed for those patients identified as having donor auricular composite grafts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred fifty-seven nasal reconstructions were performed. Of the 357 reconstructions, 67 involved harvest of preauricular or postauricular full-thickness skin graft, and 79 involved use of auricular cartilage. Sixteen of the 79 involved harvesting of auricular composite grafts. For these 16 patients, defect size, donor site, and closure of donor site are described and indications for certain techniques are delineated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The harvest of composite grafts is challenging in technical design and in closure of the defect. In this patient series, the donor defects were closed primarily in one of six ways, depending on the size of the cartilage and skin graft required. These techniques allowed adequate harvest of donor tissue while preserving the aesthetics of the ear.
authors.affiliation: Philadelphia, Pa. From the Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Davinder J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Scott P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Bartlett
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D004425:Ear Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation*; D004431:Ear, External / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009668:Nose Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014019:Tissue Donors; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome