title: Interferon type I and type II responses in an Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) SHK-1 cell line by the salmon TRAITS/SGP microarray.
abstract: Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that have proinflammatory, antiviral, and immunomodulatory effects and play a central role during a host response to pathogens. The IFN family contains both type I and type II molecules. While there are a number of type I IFNs, there is only one type II IFN. Recently both type I and type II IFN genes have been cloned in salmonid fish and recombinant proteins produced showing IFN activity. We have stimulated an Atlantic salmon cell line (SHK-1) with both type I and type II recombinant salmonid IFNs and analyzed the transcriptional response by microarray analysis. Cells were exposed to recombinant IFNs for 6 or 24 h or left unexposed as controls. RNA was hybridized to an Atlantic salmon cDNA microarray (salmon 17K feature TRAITS/SGP array) in order to assess differential gene expression in response to IFN exposure. For IFN I and II, 47 and 72 genes were stimulated, respectively; most genes were stimulated by a single IFN type, but some were affected by both IFNs, indicating coregulation of the IFN response in fish. Real-time PCR analysis was employed to confirm the microarray results for selected differentially expressed genes in both a cell line and primary leukocyte cultures.
authors.affiliation: Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
authors.forename: S A M
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Taggart
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Seear
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bron
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Talbot
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Teale
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Sweeney
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Høyheim
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Houlihan
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Tocher
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Secombes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000235:genetics*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020317:Salmo salar / Q000502:physiology