title: LPIN2 is associated with type 2 diabetes, glucose metabolism, and body composition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the type 2 diabetes gene located at chromosome 18p11.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the region in a young genetically isolated population by genotyping 34 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 78 case subjects and 101 control subjects. Two SNPs were selected and followed up in two cohorts. The first cohort came from a general Dutch population. In this cohort, association with type 2 diabetes was investigated using 616 type 2 diabetic case subjects and 2,890 control subjects; association with oral glucose tolerance test data was performed in 361 normoglycemic people. Association with fat distribution was studied in the second replication cohort, consisting of 836 people from the genetically isolated population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the initial step, we found that the common C allele of SNP rs3745012 was associated with type 2 diabetes (odds ratio 2.01, P = 0.03). This SNP is located at the 3' untranslated region of the LPIN2 gene, which is a plausible candidate for type 2 diabetes and obesity. In the cohort from the general Dutch population, we demonstrated that rs3745012 interacts with BMI in determination of type 2 diabetes: whereas in subjects with high BMI, the common C allele is associated with type 2 diabetes, the same allele exhibits a neutral or protective effect in lean subjects (P = 0.05 overall effect, P = 0.02 interaction). Most remarkably, rs3745012 strongly affected composite insulin sensitivity index (P = 0.006 for overall effect, P = 0.004 for interaction). In the second replication cohort, we found that the allele C of rs3745012 increases trunk-to-legs fat mass ratio (P = 0.001) and may affect other fat-related measurements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  rs3745012 SNP of the LPIN2 gene is associated with type 2 diabetes and fat distribution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. i.aoultchenko@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: Yurii S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Aulchenko
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pullen
authors.forename: Wigard P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Kloosterman
authors.forename: Mojgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yazdanpanah
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vaessen
authors.forename: Pieter J L M
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Snijders
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zubakov
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mackay
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olavesen
authors.forename: Balbinder
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sidhu
authors.forename: Vicki E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Alisoun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berezikov
authors.forename: André G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Uitterlinden
authors.forename: Ronald H A
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Plasterk
authors.forename: Ben A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Oostra
authors.forename: Cornelia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: van Duijn
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000235:genetics*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002887:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012016:Reference Values