title: Abnormal heart rate recovery after maximal cardiopulmonary exercise stress testing in young overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Heart rate recovery (HRR) is a measure derived from exercise test, defined as the fall in heart rate during the first minute after maximal exercise. Abnormal HRR is a measure of autonomic dysfunction associated with an increased mortality. This study was performed to evaluate the HRR in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective controlled clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-five PCOS women compared to 75 healthy women matched for age (21.7 +/- 2.1 years vs. 21.9 +/- 1.8 years, respectively) and body mass index (BMI) (29.0 +/- 2.6 kg/m(2) vs. 29.1 +/- 2.9 kg/m(2), respectively).
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were studied for their hormonal and metabolic profile, and underwent cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX).
  
  
  RESULTS
  PCOS women showed a significantly reduced HRR (12.9 +/- 1.8 vs. 20.4 +/- 3.1 beats/min, P < 0.001) compared to healthy controls, an impairment in maximal oxygen consumption (18.0 +/- 2.3 ml/kg/min vs. 29.3 +/- 3.9 ml/kg/min) and in oxygen consumption at anaerobic threshold (13.6 +/- 2.6 ml/kg/min vs. 24.2 +/- 3.0 ml/kg/min). In PCOS women, abnormal HRR was inversely correlated to BMI (r = -0.582, P < 0.001) and to the area under the curve for insulin (r = -0.596, P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data demonstrate an abnormal HRR after maximal CPX in young overweight PCOS patients, and that HRR should be investigated as a further potential marker of increased cardiovascular risk in PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences, Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giallauria
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Palomba
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Manguso
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vitelli
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maresca
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tafuri
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: Annamaria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colao
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vigorito
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Orio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D050177:Overweight / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult