title: Bird predation on forest insects: an exclosure experiment.
abstract: Exclusion experiments show that birds significantly reduce densities of larval Lepidoptera on forest understory vegetation. When insect densities are already low, bird predation may act both as a population regulator and as a strong agent of natural selection.
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nothnagle