title: Childhood allergic rhinitis predicts asthma incidence and persistence to middle age: a longitudinal study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association between allergic rhinitis and asthma is well documented, but the temporal sequence of this association has not been closely examined.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to assess the associations between childhood allergic rhinitis and (1) asthma incidence from preadolescence to middle age and (2) asthma persistence to middle age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were gathered from the 1968, 1974, and 2004 surveys of the Tasmanian Asthma Study. Cox regression was used to examine the association between childhood allergic rhinitis and asthma incidence in preadolescence, adolescence, and adult life. Binomial regression was used to examine the association between childhood allergic rhinitis and asthma beginning before the age of 7 years and persisting at age 44 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Childhood allergic rhinitis was associated with a significant 2- to 7-fold increased risk of incident asthma in preadolescence, adolescence, or adult life. Childhood allergic rhinitis was associated with a 3-fold increased risk of childhood asthma persisting compared with remitting by middle age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Childhood allergic rhinitis increased the likelihood of new-onset asthma after childhood and the likelihood of having persisting asthma from childhood into middle age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Asthma burden in later life might be reduced by more aggressive treatment of allergic rhinitis in early life.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. j.burgess@pgrad.unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Burgess
authors.forename: E Haydn
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.forename: Graham B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Byrnes
authors.forename: Melanie C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Matheson
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Cathryn L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wharton
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Johns
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Abramson
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hopper
authors.forename: Shyamali C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Dharmage
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000150:complications*; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000150:complications*