Molecular transduction mechanisms of cytokine-hormone interactions: role of gp130 cytokines.
Highly sophisticated mechanisms confer on the immune system the capacity to respond with a certain degree of autonomy. However, the final outcome of an immune response depends on the interaction of the immune system with other systems. The immune and neuroendocrine systems have an intimate cross-communication that makes possible a satisfactory response to environmental changes. Part of this interaction occurs through cytokines and steroid hormones. The last step of this cross-talk is the molecular level. As a model of interaction, this review focuses on the gp130 cytokine family. These cytokines, as well as their receptors, are expressed in pituitary cells. They regulate hormone production as well as growth of pituitary cells. During acute or chronic inflammation or infection, systemic, hypothalamic and hypophyseal gp130 cytokines act on anterior pituitary cells, integrating the neuroendocrine-immune response. Disruptions of these pathways may lead not only to abnormal growth of pituitary cells but also to immune disorders, for which, based on recent findings, targeting these cytokines might be a novel therapeutic approach.
Gerez
Juan
J
Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Bonfiglio
José
J
Sosa
Sebastian
S
Giacomini
Damiana
D
Acuña
Matias
M
Nagashima
Alberto Carbia
AC
Perone
Marcelo J
MJ
Silberstein
Susana
S
Renner
Ulrich
U
Stalla
Günter K
GK
Arzt
Eduardo
E
D000818:Animals; D050822:Cytokine Receptor gp130 / Q000502:physiology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D006728:Hormones / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000502:physiology*; D009490:Neurosecretory Systems / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*