title: MR imaging of brain maturation.
abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging tool of choice to evaluate brain maturation and especially brain myelination. Magnetic resonance imaging also provides functional insight through diffusion images and proton spectroscopy. In this review the MRI techniques are analyzed for both pre- and postnatal periods. The origin of MR signal changes is also detailed in order to understand normal myelination evolution and the consequences on brain maturation of the different pathologies encountered prior and after birth. Because MRI is "blind" in terms of signal on conventional sequences after 2 years of age, a particular attention is given to diffusion images and proton spectroscopy of the developing brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, hôpital de la Timone, université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France. nadine.girard@ap-hm.fr
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Girard
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Confort-Gouny
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barberet
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chapon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viola
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pineau
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Combaz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cozzone
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy