title: Nuclear envelope formation by chromatin-mediated reorganization of the endoplasmic reticulum.
abstract: The formation of the nuclear envelope (NE) around chromatin is a major membrane-remodelling event that occurs during cell division of metazoa. It is unclear whether the nuclear membrane reforms by the fusion of NE fragments or if it re-emerges from an intact tubular network of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, we show that NE formation and expansion requires a tubular ER network and occurs efficiently in the presence of the membrane fusion inhibitor GTPgammaS. Chromatin recruitment of membranes, which is initiated by tubule-end binding, followed by the formation, expansion and sealing of flat membrane sheets, is mediated by DNA-binding proteins residing in the ER. Thus, chromatin plays an active role in reshaping of the ER during NE formation.
authors.affiliation: Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Martin W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Hetzer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008954:Models, Biological; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D014981:Xenopus