title: Calcineurin inhibition normalizes beta-adrenergic responsiveness in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
abstract: Calcineurin, a Ca(2+)-regulated protein phosphatase, links myocardial Ca(2+) signaling with hypertrophic gene transcription. Calcineurin abundance increases in pressure-overload hypertrophy and may reduce agonist-mediated phospholamban (PLB) phosphorylation to underlie blunted beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) responsiveness in hypertension. This hypothesis was tested by measuring the effects of calcineurin inhibition on changes in cardiac contractility caused by beta-adrenergic stimulation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Female SHR (age: 7 mo) and age-matched female Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were studied. Heart weight-to-body weight ratio (P < 0.01) and systolic blood pressure (P < 0.01) were greater in SHR compared with WKY and were associated with increased myocardial calcineurin mRNA (CnAbeta) and activity (P < 0.05). beta-AR stimulation with isoproterenol (Iso) increased calcineurin activity (P < 0.05) in both WKY and SHR hearts, and this activity was suppressed with cyclosporin A (CsA) treatment. In SHR, CsA improved left ventricular whole heart and isolated myocyte beta-AR responsiveness by normalizing PLB phosphorylation at Ser(16) and Thr(17) (P < 0.05). These CsA-induced, PLB-mediated effects were associated with an augmentation in cardiomyocyte peak Ca(2+) and a reduced rate (time constant of isovolumic pressure relaxation, tau) and magnitude of diastolic Ca(2+) during beta-AR stimulation. In conclusion, CsA normalized the blunted beta-AR responsiveness associated with hypertension, in part, by mitigating calcineurin activity while improving PLB phosphorylation and subsequent sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) regulation.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Scott M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: MacDonnell
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Xiongwen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Remus
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Berretta
authors.forename: Mary F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Barbe
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kolwicz
authors.forename: Patricia O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Reger
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eckhart
authors.forename: Brian F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Renna
authors.forename: Walter J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Houser
authors.forename: Joseph R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Libonati
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019703:Calcineurin / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000378:metabolism*