title: Impaired cortical processing of inspiratory loads in children with chronic respiratory defects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inspiratory occlusion evoked cortical potentials (the respiratory related-evoked potentials, RREPs) bear witness of the processing of changes in respiratory mechanics by the brain. Their impairment in children having suffered near-fatal asthma supports the hypothesis that relates asthma severity with the ability of the patients to perceive respiratory changes. It is not known whether or not chronic respiratory defects are associated with an alteration in brain processing of inspiratory loads. The aim of the present study was to compare the presence, the latencies and the amplitudes of the P1, N1, P2, and N2 components of the RREPs in children with chronic lung or neuromuscular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  RREPs were recorded in patients with stable asthma (n = 21), cystic fibrosis (n = 32), and neuromuscular disease (n = 16) and in healthy controls (n = 11).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 4 RREP components were significantly less frequently observed in the 3 groups of patients than in the controls. Within the patient groups, the N1 and the P2 components were significantly less frequently observed in the patients with asthma (16/21 for both components) and cystic fibrosis (20/32 and 14/32) than in the patients with neuromuscular disease (15/16 and 16/16). When present, the latencies and amplitudes of the 4 components were similar in the patients and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic ventilatory defects in children are associated with an impaired cortical processing of afferent respiratory signals.
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Pediatric Pulmonary Department, Paris, 75571 France. brigitte.fauroux@trs.aphp.fr
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fauroux
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Renault
authors.forename: Pierre Yves
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Boelle
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Donzel-Raynaud
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nicot
authors.forename: Annick
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Clément
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Straus
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Similowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D001239:Inhalation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000503:physiopathology*