The growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-I axis in chronic kidney disease.
Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) are important physiologic regulators of growth, body composition, and kidney function. Perturbations in the GH-IGF-I axis are responsible for many important complications seen in chronic kidney disease (CKD), such as growth retardation and cachectic wasting, as well as disease progression. Recent evidence suggests that CKD is characterized by abnormalities in GH and IGF-I signal transduction and the interaction of these pathways with those that involve other molecules such as ghrelin, myostatin, and the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family. Further understanding of GH/IGF pathophysiology in CKD may lead to the development of therapeutic strategies for these devastating complications, which are associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity.
Mak
Robert H
RH
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0634, USA. romak@ucsd.edu
Cheung
Wai W
WW
Roberts
Charles T
CT
D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000378:metabolism; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D055435:Myostatin; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism