title: Combined sewage overflows (CSO) are major urban breeding sites for Culex quinquefasciatus in Atlanta, Georgia.
abstract: A longitudinal study of mosquito ecology in Tanyard Creek, an urban stream in Atlanta, GA, that receives combined storm and waste water effluent from the Atlanta combined sewage overflow system, was undertaken in 2006. Culex quinquefasciatus was the dominant species found, but Culex restuans was also abundant during the spring with limited numbers of Culex nigripalpis and Anopheles punctipennis also collected. Significant differences in mosquito densities were found with greater densities associated with side pools of water and stagnant water. Mosquito numbers are regulated largely by flooding of the stream by effluent discharges exceeding 15 kgal/min. These floods are associated with significant immediate reductions, but not complete elimination, of mosquitoes from Tanyard Creek. Mosquito numbers rebound within 5-10 days after such floods and rapidly reach high densities.
authors.affiliation: Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Calhoun
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Avery
authors.forename: Leeann
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gunarto
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Jacquelin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Burkot
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002947:Cities; D003465:Culex / Q000502:physiology*; D005845:Georgia; D007814:Larva; D009032:Mosquito Control; D011157:Population Dynamics; D012098:Reproduction; D012722:Sewage / Q000469:parasitology*; D013997:Time Factors