title: Antitumor effect of paclitaxel-loaded PEGylated immunoliposomes against human breast cancer cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The antitumor effect of paclitaxel-loaded PEGylated immunoliposome (PILs) was investigated in breast cancer cell lines and the xenograft model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Herceptin was conjugated to paclitaxel-loaded PEGylated liposomes (PLs). In vitro cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of PILs were determined in breast cancer cell lines while in vivo antitumor efficacy was evaluated in the xenograft nude mouse model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PILs formulation was able to significantly increase the HER2 mediated cellular uptake of paclitaxel compared to the PLs in cell lines overexpressing HER2 (BT-474 and SK-BR-3 cells). However, in the MDA-MB-231 cells, which express low levels of HER2, the difference between the PILs and PLs formulation was not significant. The biological activity of Herceptin was maintained throughout the conjugation process as exhibited by the antitumor dose-response curves determined for Herceptin itself, for the thiolated Herceptin alone and subsequently for the immunoliposome-coupled Herceptin. In BT-474 and SK-BR-3 cells, the cytotoxicity of the PILs was more potent than that of Taxol. Moreover, in in vivo studies, PILs showed significantly higher tumor tissue distribution of paclitaxel in the BT-474 xenograft model and more superior antitumor efficacy compared to Taxol and PLs. However, in the MDA-MB-231 xenograft model, PILs and PLs showed similar tumor tissue distribution as well as antitumor activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that HER2-mediated endocytosis is involved in the PILs formulation. The ability of the PILs formulation to efficiently and specifically deliver paclitaxel to the HER2-overexpressing cancer cells implies that it is a promising strategy for tumor-specific therapy for HER2-overexpressing breast cancers.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Min-Koo
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Fu-De
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Seung-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Suk-Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Chang-Koo
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Dae-Duk
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004705:Endocytosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008081:Liposomes; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D000068878:Trastuzumab; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays