title: Characterization of the equine 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1) and ribonuclease L (RNASEL) innate immunity genes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The mammalian OAS/RNASEL pathway plays an important role in antiviral host defense. A premature stop-codon within the murine Oas1b gene results in the increased susceptibility of mice to a number of flaviviruses, including West Nile virus (WNV). Mutations in either the OAS1 or RNASEL genes may also modulate the outcome of WNV-induced disease or other viral infections in horses. Polymorphisms in the human OAS gene cluster have been previously utilized for case-control analysis of virus-induced disease in humans. No polymorphisms have yet been identified in either the equine OAS1 or RNASEL genes for use in similar case-control studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genomic sequence for equine OAS1 was obtained from a contig assembly generated from a shotgun subclone library of CHORI-241 BAC 100I10. Specific amplification of regions of the OAS1 gene from 13 horses of various breeds identified 33 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and two microsatellites. RNASEL cDNA sequences were determined for 8 mammals and utilized in a phylogenetic analysis. The chromosomal location of the RNASEL gene was assigned by FISH to ECA5p17-p16 using two selected CHORI-241 BAC clones. The horse genomic RNASEL sequence was assembled. Specific amplification of regions of the RNASEL gene from 13 horses identified 31 SNPs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this report, two dinucleotide microsatellites and 64 single nucleotide polymorphisms within the equine OAS1 and RNASEL genes were identified. These polymorphisms are the first to be reported for these genes and will facilitate future case-control studies of horse susceptibility to infectious diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, 2471 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, USA. jonathanrios@tamu.edu
authors.forename: Jonathan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rios
authors.forename: Andrey A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Perelygin
authors.forename: Maureen T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Teri L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Lear
authors.forename: Andrey A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Zharkikh
authors.forename: Margo A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Brinton
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Adelson
mesh_terms: D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D022202:Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial; D018388:Codon, Terminator; D004722:Endoribonucleases / Q000235:genetics*; D006736:Horses; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D013045:Species Specificity