title: Accuracy of space analysis with emodels and plaster models.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purposes of this study were to determine the accuracy and speed of measuring the overall arch length and the Bolton ratio, and the time to perform a Bolton analysis for each patient by using software (emodel, version 6.0, GeoDigm Corp, Chanhassen, Minn) compared with hand-held plaster models.
  
  
  METHODS
  Models from 30 patients selected from the files of the Department of Orthodontics at West Virginia University were included in this study. The mesiodistal width of each tooth from first molar to first molar was measured to the nearest 0.1 mm with digital calipers, and the Bolton ratio was calculated for each patient. The times required to make the measurements and to perform the analysis were recorded in seconds by using a stopwatch. This process was repeated to record the digital measurements with the software. To evaluate whether there was any magnification in the emodels, quarter-inch ball bearings were mounted on a modified study model. Measurements of the greatest diameter were taken on each ball bearing by using digital calipers and the emodel software. The difference between the 2 methods was calculated, and a paired t test was used to analyze the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between the Bolton ratios calculated with the 2 methods. A significant difference in arch length calculations was found between the 2 methods, but it was within the range of error found in this study and was considered clinically insignificant. Significant differences were found in the time needed to make the measurements and the calculations between the 2 methods; the emodel software was an average of 65 seconds faster. The measurements on the ball-bearing mounted models were an average of .067 mm greater on the emodel software than direct measurements on the casts (range, 0 to -0.16 mm). The difference was significant (P <.0045).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that, when performing a Bolton analysis, the emodel can be as accurate as, and significantly faster than, the traditional method of digital calipers and plaster models. A clinician who has switched to using emodel software can be confident in his or her diagnoses using it.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506-9480, USA.
authors.forename: S Russell
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Mullen
authors.forename: Chris A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ngan
authors.forename: Marcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gladwin
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D003765:Models, Dental; D009811:Odontometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000033:anatomy & histology*