title: SAMMA, a mandelic acid condensation polymer, inhibits dendritic cell-mediated HIV transmission.
abstract: SAMMA, a mandelic acid condensation polymer, exhibits a broad antimicrobial activity against several sexually transmitted pathogens including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Here we demonstrated that SAMMA suppressed HIV transmission by dendritic cells (DCs), one of the first target cells for primary infection. The greatest inhibitory effect was achieved when SAMMA was present during the co-culture with target cells. The inhibitory effect of SAMMA on DC-mediated HIV transmission was not due to cytotoxicity. Analysis of the level of DC-associated HIV p24 antigen revealed that SAMMA prevented HIV internalization by DCs when the virus was pre-incubated with the compound. In contrast, pre-incubation of DCs with SAMMA followed by wash-off did not affect the amount of cell-associated HIV p24 antigen. In addition, SAMMA blocked HIV glycoprotein-mediated cell-cell fusion. This study suggests that SAMMA prevents HIV infection through multiple mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Box 1090, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA. Theresa.chang@mssm.edu
authors.forename: Theresa L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Teleshova
authors.forename: Aprille
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rapista
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paluch
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Donald P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Waller
authors.forename: Lourens J D
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zaneveld
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Granelli-Piperno
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Klotman
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008333:Mandelic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011108:Polymers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053586:Virus Internalization / Q000187:drug effects