title: C-arm laser positioning device to facilitate percutaneous renal access.
abstract: Renal access is the most crucial step in the performance of percutaneous nephrolithotomy and is a difficult skill to acquire for novice surgeons. We report on a simple fluoroscopic technique based on the laser positioning device that emits an aiming beam common to modern fluoroscopy C-arm units.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Western Ontario Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Razvi
mesh_terms: D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*