title: Emphysematous pyelonephritis in dialysis patient after embolization of failed allograft.
abstract: Emphysematous pyelonephritis is an uncommon acute infection characterized by the presence of gas in the renal parenchyma. Diabetics account for most cases, and the mortality rate is high. We report a case of emphysematous pyelonephritis after therapeutic embolization of a nonfunctioning renal graft in a nondiabetic dialysis patient. Given the increasing popularity of therapeutic embolization to control graft intolerance syndrome associated with rejected kidneys, physicians should be aware of this potentially severe complication. We discuss the differential diagnosis from entities requiring different management strategies, such as postembolization syndrome, persistence of graft intolerance, and the presence of sterile intrarenal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain. aortiz@fjd.es
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Petkov
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Urbano
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Contreras
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alexandru
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia-Pérez
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: Jesus M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cabrera
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Albalate
authors.forename: Juan V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Garcia-Cardoso
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004646:Emphysema / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000209:etiology*; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D017211:Treatment Failure