title: Actinomycosis of the temporal bone with labyrinthine and facial nerve involvement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings of actinomycosis of the temporal bone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report and literature review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of a case through medical records and literature review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Actinomycosis is a rare cause of subacute-chronic suppurative infection of the temporal bone. We present an 11-year-old male with a history of ciliary dyskinesia presenting with a 6-week history of right-sided otorrhea, otalgia, and a 1-week history of progressive facial weakness. Final histopathology revealed a diagnosis of actinomycosis. A review of the literature showed 25 cases of temporal bone actinomycosis. This is the first reported case of actinomycosis causing facial nerve palsy and labyrinthine invasion. Effective treatment includes aggressive surgical debridement followed by long-term administration of appropriate antibiotic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Actinomycosis can be a cause for bone erosive lesions of the temporal bone and can result in significant morbidities. Prompt tissue diagnosis with suspicion for nonmalignant causes of bone erosive disease can help in implementing appropriate treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. deepakmehta71@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Statham
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Choo
mesh_terms: D000196:Actinomycosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005155:Facial Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007759:Labyrinth Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D013506:Otologic Surgical Procedures; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000382:microbiology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed