title: Hemorrhage in a Coccinellid Beetle and Its Repellent Effect on Ants.
abstract: Special refinements of the bleeding mechanism of the Mexican bean beetle, Epilachna varivestis Mulsant, are described, and the defensive effectiveness of the mechanism against ants is demonstrated. Ants may have provided a major selective force in the evolution of the mechanism.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Happ
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eisner