title: Intraoperative ultrasound to define focal cortical dysplasia in epilepsy surgery.
abstract: Focal cortical dyplasia (FCD) is a frequent cause of medication-resistant focal epilepsy. Patients with FCD may benefit from epilepsy surgery. However, it is difficult to intraoperatively define lesion boundaries. In this case report we present a novel tool to identify FCD intraoperatively. A patient with frontal lobe epilepsy underwent resection of a left frontomesial FCD. Image guidance was achieved by intraoperative ultrasound, which depicted the lesion with a higher resolution than preoperative MRI. Postoperatively the patient remained seizure free. Intraoperative ultrasound may be helpful in identifying and targeting subtle epileptogenic lesions, which are difficult to visualize.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Dorothea
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knake
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Krakow
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pagenstecher
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sure
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rosenow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000473:pathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017034:Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D054220:Malformations of Cortical Development / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*