title: p53 suppression overwhelms DNA polymerase eta deficiency in determining the cellular UV DNA damage response.
abstract: Xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XP-V) cells lack the damage-specific DNA polymerase eta and have normal excision repair but show defective DNA replication after UV irradiation. Previous studies using cells transformed with SV40 or HPV16 (E6/E7) suggested that the S-phase response to UV damage is altered in XP-V cells with non-functional p53. To investigate the role of p53 directly we targeted p53 in normal and XP-V fibroblasts using short hairpin RNA. The shRNA reduced expression of p53, and the downstream cell cycle effector p21, in control and UV irradiated cells. Cells accumulated in late S phase after UV, but after down-regulation of p53 they accumulated earlier in S. Cells in which p53 was inhibited showed ongoing genomic instability at the replication fork. Cells exhibited high levels of UV induced S-phase gammaH2Ax phosphorylation representative of exposed single strand regions of DNA and foci of Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 representative of double strand breaks. Cells also showed increased variability of genomic copy numbers after long-term inhibition of p53. Inhibition of p53 expression dominated the DNA damage response. Comparison with earlier results indicates that in virally transformed cells cellular targets other than p53 play important roles in the UV DNA damage response.
authors.affiliation: UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center, Auerback Melanoma Laboratory, Room N461, Box 0808, University of California San Francisco, CA 94143-0808, United States.
authors.forename: Rebecca R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Laposa
authors.forename: Luzviminda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feeney
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Crowley
authors.forename: Sebastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Feraudy
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cleaver
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004249:DNA Damage; D017931:DNA Primers; D004261:DNA Replication; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D042822:Genomic Instability; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D010766:Phosphorylation; D034622:RNA Interference; D016196:S Phase; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000502:physiology*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D000099270:Y-Family DNA Polymerases