Cytogenetic, morphological, and immunophenotypic patterns in Omani patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia.
Chromosome aberrations observed at diagnosis are considered to be the most valuable prognostic factors in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Some specific aberrations vary in frequency among different geographical areas and ethnic groups. There are only limited studies on the role of such variability in AML patients. Here, we report the results of a cytogenetic study on 63 ethnic Omani patients with de novo AML: 18 children (<or=16 years) and 45 adults. By sex, 41 were male and 22 female; median age at diagnosis was 25 years. The morphological diagnosis was based on the French-American-British (FAB) WHO criteria. Chromosome abnormalities were present in 39 of 63 patients (62% overall, or 44% for adults and 18% for children). Karyotypes with a sole abnormality accounted for 20 of 63 patients (32%). Chromosome abnormalities were more common in patients with the FAB-M2 subtype (15 of 22; 68%), which was also the most frequent subtype observed (22 of 63; 35%). Among the normal karyotypes (24 of 63; 38%), M2 subtype was the also most frequent (7 of 24; 29%), followed by M4 (4 of 24; 17%). Balanced translocations, t(8;21) and t(15;17) were observed in 7 of 63 (11%) and 6 of 63 (10%), respectively. Inv(16) was seen in 2 of 63 (3%). Trisomy 8 was the most frequent numerical anomaly, found in 7 of 63 (11%). Monosomy 7 was seen in 3 of 63 (5%). The patterns in our study were similar to those reported from Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, but the frequency of abnormalities varied. Our population differed morphologically, with the M2 subtype as most common, whereas M4 and M3 were more commonly in those reports. A comparison of our findings was made with other geographic and ethnic groups. This is the first systematic cytogenetic study of an ethnic Omani population.
Udayakumar
Achandira Muthappa
AM
Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 35, Muscat 123, Sultanate of Oman. amuk19@hotmail.com
Pathare
Anil Vasant
AV
Al-Kindi
Salam
S
Khan
Hamad
H
Rehmen
Jalil Ur
JU
Zia
Fehmida
F
Al-Ghazaly
Asem
A
Nusrut
Nadeem
N
Khan
Muhammad Irfan
MI
Wali
Yasser Ahmed
YA
Al-Lamki
Zakia
Z
Dennison
David
D
Raeburn
John Alexander
JA
D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007223:Infant; D007621:Karyotyping; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009850:Oman / Q000208:ethnology
D015703:Antigens, CD