title: Effect of supplementary amine fluoride gel in caries-active adolescents.  A clinical QLF study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether supplementary daily use of amine fluoride toothpaste with weekly brushing with amine fluoride gel enhances the remineralization of white spot lesions on smooth surfaces and also to investigate the possible effect of this treatment on salivary bacterial counts and oral hygiene.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants comprised 135 caries-active adolescents living in suburban Stockholm. They were given an amine fluoride dentifrice (1250 ppm F) to be used twice a day, and either a test gel (4000 ppm F) or a placebo gel for brushing for 2 min once a week. During the 12-month study period, the subjects were recalled every 3rd month (baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months). At each visit, DF(average change in fluorescence, in%) and lesion area (in mm2) were measured using quantitative light-induced fluorescence(QLF), followed by dietary counseling, oral hygiene instruction, and professional tooth-cleaning. At baseline, 6, and 12 months, saliva was sampled for Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus counts, and gingival bleeding index was registered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  QLF indicated no enhancement of remineralization of white spot lesions by additional weekly brushing with amine fluoride gel. No inter-group differences emerged with regard to salivary bacterial counts. However, the oral hygiene of both groups improved, with a strong significance over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adjunctive weekly brushing of amine fluoride gel achieved no significant enhancement of remineralization of white spot lesions monitored with the QLF method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Institute of Odontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. lena.karlsson@ki.se
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: Lars-Erik
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Lindgren
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Trollsås
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Angmar-Månsson
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tranaeus
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000588:Amines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003732:Dental Caries Activity Tests; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007834:Lasers; D008297:Male; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014002:Tin Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003802:Dentifrices; D009067:Mouthwashes; D014002:Tin Fluorides; C075174:amine fluoride gel