title: Combined endocrine and exocrine tumours of the pancreas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas comprise 10%-15% of pancreatic cystic lesions, with the serous cystadenoms being the commonest. The association of exocrine and endocrine tumours of the pancreas unrelated to Von Hipple Lindau disease is very rare. Very few cases have been reported in the literature. We present another case of both these tumours in one patient.
  
  
  METHODS
  A female patient was seen in the surgical clinic for a pain in the right groin. Clinical examination and investigations confirmed a diagnosis of combined endocrine and exocrine tumours of the pancreas. She underwent surgery and is under regular follow-up in the surgical clinic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Biphasic differentiation of pancreatic stem cell during embryological development could happen and may result in combined endocrine and exocrine tumours of the pancreas. Imaging studies are excellent in diagnosing theses lesions. Surgery has a central role and could be curative.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Tameside General Hospital, Manchester, UK. ahmedwahabf@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alzaraa
authors.forename: Valeri
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Udom
authors.forename: Husam
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mousa
authors.forename: Abdulhalem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alzein
authors.forename: Abduljalil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benhamida
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dalal