title: Relationship of apolipoprotein B levels to the number of risk factors for metabolic syndrome.
abstract: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the primary target of lipid-lowering therapy. However, all lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein B (apo B) appear to be atherogenic. Preferred targets of therapy therefore may include either the cholesterol in all apo B-containing lipoproteins (non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [non-HDL-C]) or total apo B itself. Apo B can be measured by three methods: chemically, by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and by immunoassay. This study compares the first two methods as a function of the number of metabolic risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome. Plasma lipid, lipoprotein cholesterol, and apo B levels were measured in 274 adults with varying numbers of metabolic syndrome components. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle sizes were measured by gel electrophoresis and by NMR. Total apo B was estimated chemically and by conversion of NMR lipoprotein particle number, assuming one apo B molecule per lipoprotein particle. As the number of metabolic syndrome components increased, apo B rose by both chemical and NMR methods, but by chemical methods, increases were in the triglyceride-rich fraction, whereas by NMR, they were in LDL. The correlation between total apo B measured by the two methods was only moderate (r = .73). Further, non-HDL-C was more highly correlated with total apo B measured chemically than either LDL-C or total apo B by NMR. Non-HDL-C correlates highly with total apo B in patients with metabolic syndrome and had advantages as a target of therapy over LDL-C or NMR apo B.
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Nutrition, the Donald W Reynolds Cardiovascular Research Center of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX 75390-9052, USA.
authors.forename: Jacob J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Clarenbach
authors.forename: Scott M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Grundy
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Palacio
authors.forename: Gloria Lena
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Vega
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010316:Particle Size; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; C026277:very high density lipoproteins