title: Cognitive performance as a predictor of functional decline among the non-disabled elderly dwelling in a Japanese community: a 4-year population-based prospective cohort study.
abstract: This study longitudinally examined the relationships between the specific domains of cognitive performance and functional decline among the community elderly. The study population was 119 men and 194 women aged 70-84 at baseline, who were examined at both baseline and in a 4-year follow-up survey. Katz's Index and the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC) were used for measuring the functional capacities of basic activities of daily living (BADL) and higher-level competence, respectively. For the purpose of analyses, declines in each subscale of functional capacity during the follow-up period were used as outcome variables; and specific domains of cognitive performances, including information processing speed, executive function, orientation, and episodic memory at baseline, were used as independent variables. Multiple logistic regression analyses, adjusted for the potential confounders, showed that information processing speed and orientation were associated independently and inversely with BADL decline, and that information processing speed and executive function were related independently and inversely to higher-level competence decline. These results suggested that information processing speed and orientation are reliable predictors for decline in BADL, and information processing speed and executive function are also reliable predictors for decline in higher-level competence among the community elderly.
authors.affiliation: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan. hajimei@tmig.or.jp
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwasa
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gondo
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Jinhee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inagaki
authors.forename: Chieko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kawaai
authors.forename: Yukie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Masui
authors.forename: Hunkyung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hideyo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D016743:Mental Competency; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors