Collaboration between the innate immune receptors dectin-1, TLRs, and Nods.
Microbes are complex and present a wide variety of structures that phagocytes may recognize using innate immune receptors. Recognition triggers anti-microbial killing mechanisms and production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that orchestrate host defense. As a general rule, no single receptor is likely to be the sole mediator of activation of protective immune responses. Recent studies highlight the importance of collaboration between Toll-like receptors, the nucleotide oligomerization domain (Nod) proteins, and dectin-1 in regulating inflammatory responses. Studies on the molecular mechanisms of cross-talk and synergy between these receptors provide a framework in which to understand the importance of having multiple receptors recognize individual microbes.
Underhill
David M
DM
Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. david.underhill@cshs.org
D000818:Animals; D018925:Chemokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D053472:Nod Signaling Adaptor Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099181:Dectin-1
D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D053472:Nod Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D000099181:Dectin-1