title: Nickel-cysteine binding supported by phosphine chelates.
abstract: The effect of chelating phosphines was tested on the structure and pH-dependent stability of nickel-cysteine binding. (1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe) and 1,1,1-tris[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]ethane (triphos) were used with three different cysteine derivatives (L-cysteine, Cys; L-cysteine ethyl ester, CysEt; cystamine, CysAm) to prepare complexes of the form (dppe)NiCysR(n+) and (triphos)NiCysR(n+) (n = 0 for Cys; n = 1 for CysEt and CysAm). Similar 31P {1H} NMR spectra for all (dppe)NiCysRn+ confirmed their square-planar P2NiSN coordination spheres. The structure of [(dppe)NiCysAm]PF6 was also confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The (triphos)NiCysAm+ and (triphos)NiCysEt+ complexes were fluxional at room temperature by 31P NMR. Upon cooling to -80 degrees C, all gave spectra consistent with a P2NiSN coordination sphere with the third phosphorus uncoordinated. Temperature-dependent 31P NMR spectra showed that a trans P-Ni-S pi interaction controlled the scrambling of the coordinated triphos. In aqueous media, (dppe)NiCys was protonated at pH approximately 4-5, leading to possible formation of a nickel-cysteinethiol and eventual cysteine loss at pH < 3. The importance of N-terminus cysteine in such complexes was demonstrated by preparing (dppe)NiCys-bead and trigonal-bipyramidal Tp*NiCys-bead complexes, where Cys-bead represents cysteine anchored to polystyrene synthesis beads and Tp*- = hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)borate. Importantly, results with these heterogeneous systems demonstrated the selectivity of these nickel centers for cysteine over methionine and serine and most specifically for N-terminus cysteine. The role of Ni-S pi bonding in nickel-cysteine geometries will be discussed, including how these results suggest a mechanism for the movement of electron density from nickel onto the backbone of coordinated cysteine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR 72035, USA. patrickd@uca.edu
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Desrochers
authors.forename: Davis S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Duong
authors.forename: Ariel S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Stacey A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Lelievre
authors.forename: Bonnie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Josh R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Tarkka
authors.forename: Jerald M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Manion
authors.forename: Garen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Holman
authors.forename: Jon W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Merkert
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Vicic
mesh_terms: D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry*; D010720:Phosphines / Q000737:chemistry*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D010720:Phosphines; D009532:Nickel; D003545:Cysteine