title: Patterns of cell death and cell cycle profiles of cultured WEHI 13 var fibroblasts exposed to eluates of composite resins used for direct and indirect restorations.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that in vitro exposure to single compounds released from composite resins may induce cell death. In the present study the effects of eluates from commercially available composite resins used for direct or indirect restorations were evaluated on the cell cycle progression and type of cell death of cultured WEHI 13 var fibroblasts. Cells exposed to eluates of the materials were assessed for cytotoxicity by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for cell death, for cell cycle profiles by flow cytometry, for caspase-3 biochemically and by immunocytochemistry, and for morphological changes by fluorescence microscopy with acridine orange. The direct composite resin eluates induced extensive apoptosis, followed by secondary necrosis. This was accompanied by cell enlargement, micromultinucleation, chromatin disintegration, cell cycle arrest at different phases, and caspase-3 activation. The composites for indirect restorations were much less cytotoxic at all biological end-points investigated. The findings suggest that composite resins used for direct and indirect dental restorations differ in their cytotoxic potential and their ability to affect basic cellular functions. This underlines the impact of improved polymerization with respect to their biologic behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fixed & Implant Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. athinabakopoulou@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Athina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bakopoulou
authors.forename: Asterios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsiftsoglou
authors.forename: Grammati
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Galaktidou
authors.forename: Dimitra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Markala
authors.forename: Ioanna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Triviai
authors.forename: Pavlos
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garefis
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D016923:Cell Death; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000633:toxicity*; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000009:adverse effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D053148:Caspase 3