Antioxidant treatment prevented late memory impairment in an animal model of sepsis.
OBJECTIVE
Assess the effect of antioxidant treatment on late memory impairment and early hippocampus oxidative stress after cecal ligation and perforation.


METHODS
Male Wistar rats.


METHODS
Rats underwent sham operation or cecal ligation and perforation. Animals that underwent cecal ligation and perforation were divided into groups: 1) treated with basic support (50 mL/kg saline, 30 mg/kg ceftriaxone, and 25 mg/kg clindamycin every 6 hrs), 2) treated with basic support plus N-acetylcysteine (20 mg/kg N-acetylcysteine at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hrs after cecal ligation and perforation), 3) treated with basic support plus deferoxamine (20 mg/kg deferoxamine at 3 and 24 hrs after cecal ligation and perforation), 4) treated with basic support plus N-acetylcysteine and deferoxamine, or 5) treated with N-acetylcysteine plus deferoxamine.


RESULTS
On days 10 and 30 after surgery, the animals underwent behavioral tasks: inhibitory avoidance task, habituation to an open field, and continuous multiple-trials step-down inhibitory avoidance task. The sepsis group showed significantly decreased performance in latency retention compared with the sham group in the inhibitory avoidance task. In the open-field task, the sepsis group presented memory impairment after sepsis. In the continuous multiple-trials step-down inhibitory avoidance task, the sepsis group showed a significant increase in the number of training trials required to reach the acquisition criterion. All these memory impairments were prevented by N-acetylcysteine plus deferoxamine treatment, but not its isolate use. In addition, the combined use of antioxidants attenuated oxidative damage in hippocampus 6 hrs after sepsis induction.


CONCLUSIONS
Antioxidant treatment prevented the development of late cognitive deficits in an animal model of sepsis.
Barichello
Tatiana
T
Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Machado
Roberta Albino
RA
Constantino
Larissa
L
Valvassori
Samira S
SS
Réus
Gislaine Z
GZ
Martins
Marcio Rodrigo
MR
Petronilho
Fabricia
F
Ritter
Cristiane
C
Quevedo
João
J
Dal-Pizzol
Felipe
F
D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D002432:Cecum; D003676:Deferoxamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006185:Habituation, Psychophysiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000150:complications; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications*
D000975:Antioxidants; D003676:Deferoxamine; D000111:Acetylcysteine