title: Constituents of Ocimum sanctum with antistress activity.
abstract: Three new compounds, ocimumosides A (1) and B (2) and ocimarin (3), were isolated from an extract of the leaves of holy basil (Ocimum sanctum), together with eight known substances, apigenin, apigenin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, apigenin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronic acid ( 4), apigenin-7- O-beta- d-glucuronic acid 6''-methyl ester, luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronic acid 6''-methyl ester, luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, luteolin-5-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and 4-allyl-1-O-beta-D-glucopyronosyl-2-hydroxybenzene (5), and two known cerebrosides. The structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis. The new compounds (1- 3) and the known compounds 4 and 5 were screened at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight for acute stress-induced biochemical changes in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Compound 1 displayed promising antistress effects by normalizing hyperglycemia, plasma corticosterone, plasma creatine kinase, and adrenal hypertrophy. Compounds 2 and 5 were also effective in normalizing most of these stress parameters. In contrast, compounds 3 and 4 were ineffective in normalizing any of these effects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Prasoon
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Dinesh Kumar
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.forename: Kiran Babu
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Siripurapu
authors.forename: Guatam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Palit
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maurya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002554:Cerebrosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D003374:Coumarins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000032:analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D031339:Ocimum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002554:Cerebrosides; D003374:Coumarins; C524228:ocimarin; C524226:ocimumoside A; C524227:ocimumoside B; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D003345:Corticosterone