title: Adenine nucleotide (ADP/ATP) translocase 3 participates in the tumor necrosis factor induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells.
abstract: Mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) is believed to be a component or a regulatory component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mtPTP), which controls mitochondrial permeability transition during apoptosis. However, the role of ANT in apoptosis is still uncertain, because hepatocytes isolated from ANT knockout and wild-type mice are equally sensitive to TNF- and Fas-induced apoptosis. In a screen for genes required for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells using retrovirus insertion-mediated random mutagenesis, we discovered that the ANT3 gene is involved in TNF-alpha-induced cell death in MCF-7 cells. We further found that ANT3 is selectively required for TNF- and oxidative stress-induced cell death in MCF-7 cells, but it is dispensable for cell death induced by several other inducers. This data supplements previous data obtained from ANT knockout studies, indicating that ANT is involved in some apoptotic processes. We found that the resistance to TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis observed in ANT3 mutant (ANT3(mut)) cells is associated with a deficiency in the regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome c release. It is not related to intracellular ATP levels or survival pathways, supporting a previous model in which ANT regulates mtPTP. Our study provides genetic evidence supporting a role of ANT in apoptosis and suggests that the involvement of ANT in cell death is cell type- and stimulus-dependent.
authors.affiliation: National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Ziqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Wanze
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yanhai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shengcai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jiahuai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Huamin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D033781:Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D033781:Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 3; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D045304:Cytochromes c