title: Molecular markers and mortality in prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate prognosis in prostate cancer by assessing the independent effect of selected molecular factors (e.g. markers of cell-cycle regulation), in addition to the effect of traditional clinical factors (e.g. anatomical stage, histological grade), in predicting long-term mortality among men newly diagnosed with prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a community-based population of 64 545 USA veterans aged >/= 50 years and receiving ambulatory care during 1989-90 at nine Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centres in New England, 1274 had incident prostate cancer during 1991-95. We obtained the medical records and diagnostic tissue for these men, and then extracted demographic data and clinical information, and conducted immunohistochemical assays of molecular markers in biopsy tissue, as potential prognostic factors. In this interim analysis, data on 250 patients were analysed; the main outcome was overall mortality to 31 December 2003, providing 8-13 years of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 228 (91%) patients with available medical record and laboratory data, the median age was 72 years and the median prostate-specific antigen level was 10.4 ng/mL. In adjusted (multivariate) analyses that included traditional prognostic factors, bcl-2 staining (hazard ratio 2.14, 95% confidence interval 1.27-3.58, P = 0.004) and high microvessel density (1.76, 1.19-2.60; P = 0.005) had an independent effect on the outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bcl-2 and microvessel density are independent predictors of subsequent death among men with prostate cancer and might have a clinical role in assisting in deciding on treatment.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA. john.concato@vale.edu
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Concato
authors.forename: Dhanpat
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: William W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Harvey A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Risch
authors.forename: Edward M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Uchio
authors.forename: Carolyn K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Wells
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen