title: Determining content validity of a self-report instrument for adolescents using a heterogeneous expert panel.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of experiential experts, especially children and adolescents, in content validity evaluations of new instruments has not been described well.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the use of experiential experts in a content validity evaluation of a new instrument.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experiential (adolescents and parents, n = 11) and professional (diabetes clinicians and researchers, n = 17) expert judges evaluated the content validity of a new instrument that measures self-management of Type 1 diabetes in adolescents. The content validity index for each of 99 items (I-CVIs) for the total group of experts (n = 28; I-CVI-ALL) and for the experiential experts only (I-CVI-EXPERIENTIAL) were calculated, respectively, and both were used to inform decisions about whether to retain, eliminate, or revise each item.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 20 items where the I-CVI-ALL was >/=.80 and the I-CVI-EXPERIENTIAL was <.80. Each of these 20 items was evaluated critically. Some were retained (n = 3), some were eliminated (n = 7), and some were revised as suggested by the experts (n = 10).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using experiential content validity experts (adolescents and parents) and critically evaluating their recommendations regarding items can result in further elimination and revision of items beyond what is suggested by content validity assessment done by professional experts. The result may be a more thorough content validity assessment of the instrument, leading to an instrument with greater relevance for the target population.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Nursing, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, USA. lynne.schilling@umassmed.edu
authors.forename: Lynne S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Schilling
authors.forename: Jane K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: Kathleen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Knafl
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grey
authors.forename: Brett
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ives
authors.forename: Mary R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Lynn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000328:Adult; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000451:nursing / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000592:standards*; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012648:Self Care; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012647:Self-Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires