title: Characterization of alkali-treated collagen gels prepared by different crosslinkers.
abstract: We have developed a naturally-derived crosslinker named malic acid derivative (MAD). In the present study, we prepared alkali-treated collagen (AlCol) gels with different crosslinkers including MAD and commercially available crosslinkers such as 1-ethyl-3-(3('-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and glutaraldehyde (GA). There are named as AlCol-MAD, AlCol-EDC, and AlCol-GA. We then compared their physicochemical properties. The residual amino groups in AlCol-MAD were not detected at MAD concentrations higher than 30 mM. On the other hand, the residual amino groups in AlCol-EDC and AlCol-GA were detected at crosslinker concentrations of 30 mM. The swelling ratios of AlCol-MAD, AlCol-EDC, and AlCol-GA decreased with increasing crosslinker concentration. Enzymatic degradation rate of AlCol-GA was slower than that of AlCol-MAD and AlCol-EDC. The cytotoxicity of MAD was clearly lower than that of EDC and GA. The number of adhered L929 on AlCol-MAD was higher than on AlCol-EDC and AlCol-GA after incubation for 1 day. After the culture for 3 and 7 days, excellent growth of L929 was observed on AlCol-MAD. These results suggested that MAD was excellent crosslinker for the reactivity with amino groups and cytocompatibility. Therefore, the resulting AlCol-MAD has potential for various biomedical applications like tissue engineering scaffolds and carrier for drug delivery systems.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Hokkaido, N-14 W-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Shun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murabayashi
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mitamura
authors.forename: Tetsushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taguchi
mesh_terms: D000468:Alkalies / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D002234:Carbodiimides / Q000494:pharmacology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000187:drug effects*; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D005782:Gels / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008293:Malates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008954:Models, Biological; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: C518491:1-ethyl-3-(3-(diethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide; D000468:Alkalies; D000596:Amino Acids; D002234:Carbodiimides; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004798:Enzymes; D005782:Gels; D008293:Malates; C030298:malic acid; D003094:Collagen