title: Translation of pharmacogenetics into clinically relevant testing modalities.
abstract: Pharmacogenetics (PGx) relies on the genetic makeup of an individual to predict drug response and efficacy, as well as potential adverse drug events. Significant advances in PGx research have been made since inherited differences in response to such drugs as isoniazid and succinylcholine were explored in the 1950s, and the clinical utility and application of PGx are especially apparent in some subspecialty areas of chemotherapeutic, psychotropic drug, and anticoagulant therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Nucleotide Polymorphism Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Baudhuin
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Langman
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: O'Kane
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D004358:Drug Therapy; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D005820:Genetic Testing / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D005838:Genotype; D033161:Government Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007349:Insurance, Health, Reimbursement; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018579:Patient Selection; D010597:Pharmacogenetics / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D010641:Phenotype; D010819:Physician's Role; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D064417:Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases; D014859:Warfarin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D014859:Warfarin; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C450260:CYP2C9 protein, human; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D064417:Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases