title: Role of ENPP1 on adipocyte maturation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is recognized that the ability of adipose tissue to expand in response to energy excess, i.e. adipocyte maturation, is important in determining systemic abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism. Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1, also known as PC-1) has been recently reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and related diseases. However, its role on adipose tissue physiology as a mechanism of systemic insulin resistance is not understood. This study was performed to evaluate whether ENPP1 is regulated during adipogenesis and whether over-expression in adipocytes can affect adipocyte maturation, a potential novel mechanism of ENPP1-related insulin resistance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ENPP1 expression was found down-regulated during 3T3-L1 maturation, and over-expression of human ENPP1 in 3T3-L1 (pQCXIP-ENPP1 vector) resulted in adipocyte insulin resistance and in defective adipocyte maturation. Adipocyte maturation was more efficient in mesenchymal embryonal cells from ENPP1 knockout mice than from wild-type.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identify ENPP1 as a novel mechanism of defective adipocyte maturation. This mechanism could contribute to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in absence of obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Mingui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ciociola
authors.forename: Manisha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chandalia
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abate
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011755:Pyrophosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; C065962:ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1; D011755:Pyrophosphatases