title: Conservative decrease in water potential in existing leaves during new leaf expansion in temperate and tropical evergreen Quercus species.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed at clarifying how the water potential gradient (deltapsi) is maintained in the shoots of evergreen trees with expanding leaves, whose leaf water potentials at the turgor loss point (psi(tlp)) are generally high.
  
  
  METHODS
  The water relations were examined in current-year expanding (CEX) and 1-year-old (OLD) leaves on the same shoots in temperate (Osaka, Japan) and tropical (Bogor, Indonesia) areas. A temperate evergreen species, Quercus glauca growing in both sites, was compared with a temperate deciduous species, Q. serrata, in Osaka, and two tropical evergreen species, Q. gemelliflora and Q. subsericea, in Bogor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) In Osaka, the midday leaf water potential (psi(midday)) was slightly higher in OLD (-0.5 MPa) than in CEX leaves (-0.6 MPa), whereas psi(tlp) was significantly lower in OLD (-2.9 MPa) than in CEX leaves (-1.0 MPa). In Bogor, psi(midday) was also higher in OLD leaves (-1.0 MPa) despite the low psi(tlp) (-1.9 MPa), although stomatal conductance was not always low in OLD leaves. In the branch bearing CEX and OLD leaves, most of the hydraulic resistance (86 %) exists in the current-year branch, leading to differences in water supply between CEX and OLD leaves. The removal of buds just before breaking did not affect the high psi(midday) in OLD leaves after 1 month. Psi(midday) in OLD leaves thus appears to be independent of that in CEX leaves.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The moderate decrease in psi(midday) in OLD leaves would contribute to maintenance of deltapsi in the shoots during leaf expansion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikeneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
authors.forename: Takami
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: B Paul
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Naiola
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Terashima
mesh_terms: D002980:Climate; D007214:Indonesia; D007564:Japan; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D018526:Plant Transpiration / Q000502:physiology*; D029963:Quercus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014867:Water