title: Heterogeneous p27(Kip1) expression within primary renal cell cancers, their invasive margins and peritumoral renal parenchyma correlation with pathological and prognostic features.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The expression of the negative cell cycle regulator p27(Kip1) is frequently found to be deregulated in various human cancer types. Whether expression of p27(Kip1) can be used as prognostically relevant biological variables for renal cell cancer patients still remains to be clarified. Therefore, in the present investigation the expression within different tissue areas obtained from renal cell carcinomas was determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  For analysis of p27(Kip1) in 420 tumor nephrectomy specimens obtained from 420 consecutively included patients, tissue microarrays were used comprising of 1,260 tissue samples each obtained from the tumor itself, the invasive front as well as non-malignant surrounding parenchyma. A sufficient follow-up after surgical therapy was available in 251 cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In univariate survival analysis, decreased expression of p27(Kip1) within tissue cores obtained from the invasion front was significantly correlated with the patients' disease-specific long-term survival (p = 0.02, log-rank test). In contrast, expression of p27(Kip1) protein within the primary tumors was not identified to reveal any prognostically important information. In Cox regression analysis, histological stage and grade (p < 0.01), the presence of regional lymph node (p < 0.01) or distant metastases at the time of surgery (p < 0.01) as well as decreased expression of p27(Kip1) (p = 0.04) within the invasion front tissue samples independently predicted the disease-specific long-term survival following surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our analysis demonstrated that p27(Kip1) is heterogeneously expressed in renal cell carcinomas. Moreover, the result of the present study supports the prognostic value of p27(Kip1) protein expression for patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Merseburger
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Serth
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: von der Heyde
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kobierski
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wegener
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mengel
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Jonas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuczyk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D040081:Protein Array Analysis
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27