title: [Left extraperitoneal laparoscopic para-aortic lymphadenectomy: morbidity and learning curve of the technique].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Description of the morbidity and the learning curve of the left extraperitoneal laparoscopic paraaortic lymphadenectomy in patients with gynecologic cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study of patients treated with the left extraperitoneal laparoscopic paraaortic lymphadenectomy between August 1999 and January 2005. Duration of surgery, per and post-operative complications, duration of the hospital stay, number of retrieved nodes, and pathologic results were studied. A comparative analysis of the results was performed between trained and training surgeons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-one patients were planned for the left extraperitoneal laparoscopic paraaortic lymphadenectomy. The major indication (90% of cases) was advanced cervical carcinomas (stage IB2 and more). The median number of retrieved nodes was 14, with a mean operative time of 109 minutes. The median hospital stay was 3 days. Two major complications related to the surgical technique were observed: a laceration of the inferior vena cava and an acute abdominal syndrome. Seven lymphocysts (8.6%) were observed (with associated symptoms in 2 cases). Trained surgeons to the technique displayed higher success rate of this surgical technique and higher number of retrieved lymph nodes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The left extraperitoneal laparoscopic paraaortic lymphadenectomy allows the accurate staging and management of patients with gynecologic cancers and mainly women affected by advanced cervical carcinoma. The surgical technique is safe and reproducible when performed by trained surgeons.
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie, pavillon L, hôpital Edouard-Herriot, 5, place d'Arsonval, 69437 Lyon cedex 03, France. axel.fichez@chu-lyon.fr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fichez
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lamblin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mathevet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007858:Learning; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies