title: Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis as an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
abstract: Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a complication of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) observed mainly in Sudan and India where it follows treated VL in 50% and 10% of cases, respectively. We report a 46-year-old patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome who, 7 months after diagnosis of VL, developed PKDL and uveal leishmaniasis following HAART-induced immune recovery. In southern Europe PKDL seems to be an emerging clinical presentation among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients experiencing HAART-induced immune recovery after a previous diagnosis of VL. The best treatment among HIV-infected patients remains to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences L Sacco, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Section, University of Milano, Via GB Grassi, 74, 20157 Milano, Italy. spinello.antinori@unimi.it
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Antinori
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Longhi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bestetti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Piolini
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Acquaviva
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Foschi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trovati
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parravicini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corbellino
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meroni
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D000569:Americas; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001208:Asia; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000208:ethnology; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010419:Pentamidine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010767:Phosphorylcholine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014195:Travel
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D010767:Phosphorylcholine; C039128:miltefosine; D010419:Pentamidine