title: US MR imaging correlation in pathologic conditions of the scrotum.
abstract: Ultrasonography (US) is usually the initial imaging modality for evaluation of pathologic conditions of the scrotum. However, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can be useful as a problem-solving tool when sonographic findings are equivocal. MR imaging allows characterization of scrotal masses as intratesticular or extratesticular and can demonstrate various types of lesions and tissue, including cysts or fluid, solid masses, fat, and fibrosis. MR imaging may be of value when the location of a scrotal mass is uncertain or when US does not allow differentiation between a solid mass and an inflammatory or vascular abnormality. Gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging can help differentiate between a benign cystic lesion and a cystic neoplasm. Gadolinium-enhanced imaging can also be used to demonstrate areas of absent or reduced testicular perfusion, such as in segmental testicular infarct. Finally, MR imaging can demonstrate an intraabdominal undescended testis, which can be difficult to detect with US, and is superior to US in differentiation between an undescended testis and testicular agenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. woojinrad@gmail.com
authors.forename: Woojin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: Jill E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Langer
authors.forename: Marc P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Banner
authors.forename: Evan S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Siegelman
authors.forename: Parvati
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramchandani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D012611:Scrotum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D013733:Testicular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005682:Gadolinium