title: Effect of chromium niacinate and chromium picolinate supplementation on lipid peroxidation, TNF-alpha, IL-6, CRP, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels in blood of streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats.
abstract: Chromium (Cr(3+)) supplementation facilitates normal protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism, and is widely used by the public in many countries. This study examined the effect of chromium niacinate (Cr-N) or chromium picolinate (Cr-P) supplementation on lipid peroxidation (LP), TNF-alpha, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1)), cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG) in diabetic rats. Diabetes (D) was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by streptozotocin (STZ) (ip, 65 mg/kg BW). Control buffer, Cr-N, or Cr-P (400 microg Cr/kg BW) was administered by gavages daily for 7 weeks. Blood was collected by heart puncture using light anesthesia. Diabetes caused a significant increase in blood levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, glucose, HbA(1), cholesterol, TG, and LP. Compared with D, Cr-N supplementation lowered the blood levels of TNF-alpha (P=0.04), IL-6 (P=0.02), CRP (P=0.02), LP (P=0.01), HbA(1) (P=0.02), TG (P=0.04), and cholesterol (P=0.04). Compared with D, Cr-P supplementation showed a decrease in TNF-alpha (P=0.02), IL-6 (P=0.02), and LP (P=0.01). Chromium niacinate lowers blood levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6, CRP), oxidative stress, and lipids levels in diabetic rats, and appears to be a more effective form of Cr(3+) supplementation. This study suggests that Cr(3+) supplementation can lower the risk of vascular inflammation in diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA. sjain@lsuhsc.edu
authors.forename: Sushil K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Justin L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rains
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Croad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D002857:Chromium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009539:Nicotinic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010848:Picolinic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol; D002857:Chromium; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009539:Nicotinic Acids; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010848:Picolinic Acids; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C102874:chromium nicotinic acid complex; C030614:picolinic acid