title: Syntaxin 16 is enriched in neuronal dendrites and may have a role in neurite outgrowth.
abstract: Polarized membrane traffic to different domains of the neuron is well documented, and is required for both establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. Some soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins, particularly syntaxin 12/13 and TI-VAMP/VAMP7, have known roles in the neuron. We report here that the brain-enriched SNARE syntaxin 16 (Syn 16) is specifically enriched in neuronal dendrites and found at Golgi outposts, thus confirming that Golgi outposts are endowed with a trans-Golgi network (TGN) component. Over-expression of wild type syntaxin 16 moderately stimulates, whereas that of an N-terminal deletion mutant (Syn 16-DeltaNt) inhibits, neurite outgrowth in both mouse Neuro-2a cells and primary cortical neurons. Consistent with an inhibited neurite growth, cells over-expressing Syn 16-DeltaNt have diminished betaIII-tubulin and F-actin labeling. RNA interference-mediated silencing of syntaxin 16 in primary cortical neurons significantly retards neurite outgrowth. Syntaxin 16 may thus play a role in neurite outgrowth and perhaps other specific dendritic anterograde/retrograde traffic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Christelle En Lin
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Chua
authors.forename: Bor Luen
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000502:physiology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000235:genetics; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016501:Neurites / Q000378:metabolism*; D050683:R-SNARE Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017384:Sequence Deletion / Q000235:genetics; D051438:Syntaxin 16 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014404:Tubulin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D050683:R-SNARE Proteins; C496118:STX16 protein, human; C496927:Sybl1 protein, mouse; D051438:Syntaxin 16; C498585:TUBB3 protein, human; D014404:Tubulin; C496134:syntaxin 16, mouse