Diverse molecular pattern in a bihemispheric glioblastoma (butterfly glioma) in a 16-year-old boy.
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common malignant brain tumor of adults, is relatively rare in children. In a GBM affecting a 16-year-old boy, the tumor spread across the corpus callosum (butterfly glioma). This type of bilateral hemispheric growth has previously been thought to result from spread along the white matter tracts. Two samples obtained from opposite sides of the same tumor were analyzed comprehensively for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability (MSI). Amplification of EGFR and MDM2 was studied by means of multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Exons 5, 6, 7, and 8 of TP53 were screened for mutations by sequencing. In neither specimen were molecular alterations found in the EGFR, MDM2, or TP53 genes. The specimen obtained from the right hemisphere exhibited a high level of MSI and LOH in chromosome arms 5q, 9p, and 13q. The specimen from the left hemisphere exhibited LOH in chromosome arms 3p, 5q, 9p, 9q, 10p, 10q, and 13q. Here we propose four plausible hypothetical scenarios underlying the tumorigenesis of this GBM.
Zakrzewska
Magdalena
M
Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 8/10, 92-216 Lodz, Poland. madziazakrzewska@wp.pl
Szybka
Malgorzata
M
Zakrzewski
Krzysztof
K
Biernat
Wojciech
W
Kordek
Radzisław
R
Rieske
Piotr
P
Golanska
Ewa
E
Zawlik
Izabela
I
Piaskowski
Sylwester
S
Liberski
Paweł P
PP
D000293:Adolescent; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008297:Male; D053842:Microsatellite Instability; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D066246:ErbB Receptors