title: Histopathologic evidence of capecitabine corneal toxicity in dogs.
abstract: In an experimental model of transplant rejection, renal transplants were performed on 6 mixed-breed dogs. Capecitabine (CPC) was administered as an oral immunosuppressive agent. All recipients received systemic CPC, cyclosporine (CSA), prednisolone, and famotidine throughout the study. Two dogs developed superficial keratitis, which was characterized by multifocal geographic erosions, superficial corneal epithelial pigmentation, and corneal neovascularization. These clinical signs correlated with the dose of CPC given, whereas other drug doses remained unchanged. After euthanasia, routine histologic sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and with alcian blue periodic acid-Schiff for light microscopic evaluation. Ocular histopathologic abnormalities were limited to neovascularization and inflammatory infiltrate of the anterior corneal stroma and abnormal basal cell morphology, disorganization, thinning, and pigmentation of the corneal epithelium. The purpose of this communication is to describe the clinical and histopathologic evidence of CPC corneal toxicity in dogs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical and Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zarfoss
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bentley
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Milovancev
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmiedt
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dubielzig
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McAnulty
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000069287:Capecitabine; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000069287:Capecitabine; D005472:Fluorouracil