Effect of a blueberry nutritional supplement on macronutrients, food group intake, and plasma vitamin E and vitamin C in US athletes.
Antioxidants from a blueberry beverage may impact plasma vitamins. We examined vitamins/food selection in 12 college athletes during 30 days compared with placebo. Blood was collected before and after exercise at the beginning of the study (day 1) and then after a 30-day period of taking a daily supplemental beverage (day 30). The six trials involved blood that was drawn pre-beverage ingestion/pre-exercise (trials 1 and 4), post-beverage ingestion/pre-exercise (trials 2 and 5), and post-beverage ingestion/1 h post-exercise (trials 3 and 6), on day 1 (trials 1, 2, and 3) and day 30 (trials 4, 5, and 6). Analysis of variance revealed non-significant differences for macronutrient or gamma-tocopherol and vitamin C intakes by food frequency questionnaire or plasma vitamins by liquid chromatography. There was a trend (P = 0.083) in the group x time interaction for alpha-tocopherol intake by repeated-measures analysis of variance. Blueberry alpha-tocopherol (23.91 +/- 9.31 mg) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than placebo alpha-tocopherol intake (7.59 +/- 0.95 mg) on day 1, but not on day 30 (blueberry, alpha-tocopherol = 9.04 +/- 2.35 mg, placebo, alpha-tocopherol = 11.46 +/- 3.65 mg) by pairwise comparisons. Blueberry supplementation did not affect plasma vitamin concentrations or gamma-tocopherol and vitamin C intakes, and may reduce alpha-tocopherol intake in those starting with a higher alpha-tocopherol intake, yet not altering athletes' eating habits.
Sánchez-Moreno
Concepción
C
Department of Plant Foods Science and Technology, Instituto del Frío, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain. csanchezm@if.csic.es
Kimler
Victoria A
VA
Cordts
Francie L
FL
Cady
Jayne A
JA
Weller
Mary A
MA
Dumper
Jaymi W
JW
Williams
Paulette
P
Pink
Frank E
FE
Rasmussen
Helen M
HM
Jiménez-Escrig
Antonio
A
Martin
Antonio
A
Joseph
James A
JA
Marks
Charles R C
CR
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000975:Antioxidants; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D001628:Beverages; D029798:Blueberry Plants; D015930:Diet Records; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004435:Eating; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010807:Physical Endurance; D012527:Satiation; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood; D014815:Vitamins / Q000097:blood*
D000975:Antioxidants; D014815:Vitamins; D014810:Vitamin E; D001205:Ascorbic Acid