Moving toward bioadjuvant approaches to head and neck cancer prevention.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma affects >45,000 Americans annually. Patients who are successfully treated for their primary tumor are at high risk of developing a second primary tumor, making effective preventive strategies highly desirable for this disease. Although a landmark study in 1990 suggested some benefit of high-dose retinoids in head and neck cancer prevention, subsequent trials using more tolerable doses have shown limited clinical success. Newer preventive strategies have included bioadjuvant therapy combining retinoids with interferon and alpha-tocopherol, combinations of molecularly targeted agents, and oncolytic viruses. Furthermore, considerable evidence has supported a cancer protective role for several nutrients, including green tea and curcumin analogs. Natural compounds such as these with favorable long-term safety profiles might be particularly suited to the cancer prevention setting, in which patients will usually tolerate only moderate risk and toxicity.
Saba
Nabil F
NF
Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Hammond
Anthea
A
Shin
Dong M
DM
Khuri
Fadlo R
FR
D000256:Adenoviridae; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000517:prevention & control*; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004224:Diterpenes; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005050:Etretinate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015474:Isotretinoin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012176:Retinoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000084562:Retinyl Esters; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D004224:Diterpenes; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012176:Retinoids; D000084562:Retinyl Esters; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C464532:dl1520; D014801:Vitamin A; C014794:retinol palmitate; D005050:Etretinate; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D015474:Isotretinoin