title: Indivo: a personally controlled health record for health information exchange and communication.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Personally controlled health records (PCHRs), a subset of personal health records (PHRs), enable a patient to assemble, maintain and manage a secure copy of his or her medical data. Indivo (formerly PING) is an open source, open standards PCHR with an open application programming interface (API).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We describe how the PCHR platform can provide standard building blocks for networked PHR applications. Indivo allows the ready integration of diverse sources of medical data under a patient's control through the use of standards-based communication protocols and APIs for connecting PCHRs to existing and future health information systems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The strict and transparent personal control model is designed to encourage widespread participation by patients, healthcare providers and institutions, thus creating the ecosystem for development of innovative, consumer-focused healthcare applications.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Informatics Program at the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, MA, USA. Kenneth_Mandl@Harvard.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Mandl
authors.forename: William W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Simons
authors.forename: William C R
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Abbett
mesh_terms: D016494:Computer Security / Q000592:standards; D003628:Database Management Systems; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet / Q000639:trends*; D016347:Medical Records Systems, Computerized / Q000639:trends*; D033283:Patient Access to Records / Q000639:trends*; D012984:Software / Q000639:trends*; D014584:User-Computer Interface