title: Case report: clozapine given in the context of chemotherapy for lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the frequent use of the antipsychotic medication, clozapine, in chronic treatments of psychiatric patients, there is limited clinical evidence available to guide clinicians in the problematic situation of a chemotherapy-induced blood dyscrasia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To perform a literature review and add a case report to the available clinical evidence.
  
  
  METHODS
  We gathered evidence through literature searches on Medline and with the assistance of a medical information specialist from Novartis who searched their internal database. We also report the case of a patient maintained on clozapine treatment despite full-dose chemotherapy (cisplatin and etoposide) for an extensive lung cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The searches returned seven clinically relevant references. These references do not establish a synergistic effect of clozapine and chemotherapy on blood counts. However, it has been shown that clozapine exposure activates common apoptotic pathways shared with anticancer drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the meagre clinical evidence precludes drawing any general conclusion as to the safety of maintaining clozapine administration during chemotherapy, it does not point to an obvious worsening of the haematological outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, Que., Canada. Karine.Goulet@USherbrooke.ca
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goulet
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grignon
mesh_terms: D000380:Agranulocytosis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003024:Clozapine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015897:Comorbidity; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010166:Palliative Care; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012074:Remission Induction; D012563:Schizophrenia, Paranoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D005047:Etoposide; D003024:Clozapine; D002945:Cisplatin