title: Bioavailable DDT residues in sediments: laboratory assessment of ageing effects using semi-permeable membrane devices.
abstract: We describe the reduction in bioavailability of DDT in contaminated soil after it was incubated as sediment for 365 d. Bioavailability was assessed using semi-permeable membranes. Contaminated soils from three cattle dip sites, one spiked paired uncontaminated site, and one spiked OECD standard soil were studied. Sandy soil with residues of 1880 mg/kg summation operator DDT incurred since 1962, initially had 4.6% of summation operator DDT available, reducing to 0.6% following 365 d. Clay soil (1108 mg summation operator DDT/kg) had 4.1% initially available, reducing to 0.3% after 365 d. Freshly spiked soils had a greater amount of DDT initially available (10.9%), but this reduced to 1.5% by the end of the incubation. Of the DDT congeners, both o,p'-DDD and p,p'-DDD were most bioavailable in the soils, but also had the most significant decrease following incubation.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Centre of Excellence, Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Phanchai
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Menchai
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Van Zwieten
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimber
authors.forename: Nazir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: P Suresh C
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Grant
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hose
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001682:Biological Availability; D000077215:Clay; D003634:DDT / Q000032:analysis*; D003632:Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane / Q000032:analysis; D004463:Ecology / Q000379:methods; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D003634:DDT; D000077215:Clay; D003632:Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane