title: Candida glabrata and Candida albicans; dissimilar tissue tropism and infectivity in a gnotobiotic model of mucosal candidiasis.
abstract: Germ-free transgenic epsilon 26 (Tgepsilon26) mice, deficient in both natural killer (NK)- and T-cells, were inoculated (orally) with each of two Candida glabrata (BG2 or BG1003) or Candida albicans (CAF2-1 or SC5314) strains. Candida glabrata- or C. albicans-colonized mice exhibited similar numbers of viable Candida in the alimentary tract. Neither C. glabrata nor C. albicans caused systemic candidiasis of endogenous (alimentary tract) origin. Candida albicans invaded oroesophageal (tongue, palate, esophagus) and keratinized gastric tissues, evoked hyperkeratosis and a prominent, chronic, granulocyte-dominated, inflammatory response in all infected tissues, stimulated the production of splenic granulocytes and was lethal for the mice within 3-5 weeks after oral colonization. The two C. glabrata strains colonized the alimentary tract and penetrated into the keratinized (cardia-antrum) gastric tissues, but in contrast to C. albicans, were unable to infect oroesophageal tissues. Furthermore, C. glabrata strains were not lethal for the Tgepsilon26 mice, and did not evoke an inflammatory response in colonized gastric tissues or stimulate the production of splenic granulocytes. This 'stealth-like' behavior could explain the ability of C. glabrata to persist in infected tissues and survive as a commensal in the alimentary tract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Westwater
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Schofield
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Nicholas
authors.forename: Emily E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Paulling
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Balish
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D041221:Candida glabrata / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000382:microbiology*; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000382:microbiology; D004947:Esophagus / Q000382:microbiology*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology*; D005856:Germ-Free Life; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018523:Tropism