title: [Pathogenesis of Parkinson disease].
abstract: Although the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD) is still unclear, various studies have uncovered important clues to the cause of the dopaminergic cell death. Accumulating evidence has suggested that both environmental and genetic factors collaborate and cause dopaminergic cell death. Aging, exposure to pesticides, and endogenous toxic agents, such as dopamine derivatives, mighty induce oxidative stress and lead to neurodegeneration. The studies on familial PD-related genes indicate that impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system induces the accumulation of misfolded protein, mainly alpha-synuclein, leading to cell death. This review discusses the possible mechanisms, underlying sporadic and familial PD.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics