title: Predicting cognitive change across 3 years in community-dwelling elders.
abstract: The determination of clinically significant cognitive change across time is an important issue in neuropsychology, and repeated assessments are common with older adults. Regression-based prediction formulas, which use initial test performance and demographic variables to predict follow-up test performance, have been utilized with patient and healthy control samples. Comparisons between predicted and observed follow-up performances can assist clinicians in determining the significance of change in the individual patient. In the current study, multiple regression-based prediction equations for the five Indexes and Total Score of the RBANS were developed for a sample of 146 community-dwelling older adults across a 2-year interval. These algorithms were then validated on a separate elderly sample (n = 145). Minimal differences were present between Observed and Predicted follow-up scores in the validation sample, suggesting that the prediction formulas are clinically useful for practitioners who assess older adults. A case example is presented that illustrates how the algorithms can be used clinically.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1000, USA. kevin-duff@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Duff
authors.forename: Mike R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Schoenberg
authors.forename: Doyle E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Patton
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Mold
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Russell L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Adams
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012111:Residence Characteristics