title: Specificity of Gbetagamma signaling to Kir3 channels depends on the helical domain of pertussis toxin-sensitive Galpha subunits.
abstract: Acetylcholine signaling through muscarinic type 2 receptors activates atrial G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K(+) (Kir3) channels via the betagamma subunits of G proteins (Gbetagamma). Different combinations of recombinant Gbetagamma subunits have been shown to activate Kir3 channels in a similar manner. In native systems, however, only Gbetagamma subunits associated with the pertussis toxin-sensitive Galpha(i/o) subunits signal to K(+) channels. Additionally, in vitro binding experiments supported the notion that the C terminus of Kir3 channels interacts preferentially with Galpha(i) over Galpha(q). In this study we confirmed in two heterologous expression systems a preference of Galpha(i) over Galpha(q) in the activation of K(+) currents. To identify determinants of Gbetagamma signaling specificity, we first exchanged domains of Galpha(i) and Galpha(q) subunits responsible for receptor coupling selectivity and swapped their receptor coupling partners. Our results established that the G proteins, regardless of the receptor type to which they coupled, conferred specificity to Kir3 activation. We next tested signaling through chimeras between the Galpha(i) and Galpha(q) subunits in which the N terminus, the helical, or the GTPase domains of the Galpha subunits were exchanged. Our results revealed that the helical domain of Galpha(i) (residues 63-175) in the background of Galpha(q) could support Kir3 activation, whereas the reverse chimera could not. Moreover, the helical domain of the Galpha(i) subunit conferred "Galpha(i)-like" binding of the Kir3 C terminus to the Galpha(q) subunits that contained it. These results implicate the helical domain of Galpha(i) proteins as a critical determinant of Gbetagamma signaling specificity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Radda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rusinova
authors.forename: Tooraj
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mirshahi
authors.forename: Diomedes E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Logothetis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D051676:G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D044387:GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D044388:GTP-Binding Protein gamma Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D009865:Oocytes; D037342:Pertussis Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary / Q000235:genetics; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: D051676:G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels; D044387:GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits; D044388:GTP-Binding Protein gamma Subunits; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11