title: Experimental and modeling study of the effect of CO and H2 on the urea DeNO(x) process in a 150kW laboratory reactor.
abstract: An experimental and modeling investigation has been performed to study the effect of process additives, H2 and CO on NO(x) removal from flue gases by a selective non-catalytic reduction process using urea as a reducing agent. Experiments were performed with a flow reactor in which flue gas was generated by the combustion of propane in air at 3% excess oxygen and the desired levels of initial NO(x) (500ppm) were achieved by doping the flame with ammonia. Experiments were performed throughout the temperature range of interest, i.e. from 850 to 1200 degrees C for investigation of the effects of the process additives on the performance of aqueous urea DeNO(x). Subsequently, computational kinetic modeling with SENKIN code was performed to analyze the performance of urea providing a direct comparison of modeling prediction with experimental measurements. With CO addition, a downwards shift of 215 degrees C in the peak reduction temperature from 1125 to 910 degrees C was observed during the experimentation while the kinetic modeling suggests it to be 150 degrees C, i.e. from 1020 to 870 degrees C. The addition of H2 impairs the peak NO(x) reduction but suggests a low temperature application of the process. A downward shift of 250 degrees C in the peak reduction temperature, from 1020 to 770 degrees C, was observed during kinetic modeling studies. The kinetic modeling shows a good qualitative agreement with the experimental observations and reveals additional information about the process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: M Tayyeb
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Javed
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nimmo
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Gibbs
mesh_terms: D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D014508:Urea / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D006859:Hydrogen; D014508:Urea