Percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty versus surgical treatment in mitral stenosis with severe tricuspid regurgitation.
BACKGROUND
The persistence of significant tricuspid regurgitation (TR) after percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV) is known to be an independent predictor of adverse outcome in mitral stenosis (MS). However, it remains unclear whether mitral valve (MV) surgery combined with surgical correction of TR is the better treatment option than PMV in patients with severe MS and severe functional TR.


RESULTS
We included a total of 92 consecutive patients (18 men, age 49+/-13 years) with severe MS and severe functional TR, who were potential candidates for PMV from 1997 to 2005, and the exclusion criteria were defined as the presence of left atrial thrombi, mitral regurgitation > or = grade 3, echo score > 10, and left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) < 35%. PMV was performed on 48 patients (PMV group), and MV surgery combined with tricuspid valve (TV) repair was performed on 44 patients (TVP group). The clinical events were defined as death, repeat surgical or percutaneous intervention, and readmission because of heart failure. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of gender, baseline EF, and baseline severity of pulmonary hypertension, but patients in the TVP group were older and had a higher echo score and a higher incidence of atrial fibrillation than those in the PMV group. During follow-up of 57+/-35 months, 2 deaths occurred in the TVP group, and there were 2 deaths, 7 cases of heart failure requiring surgical intervention in the PMV group. The difference of event rates between the 2 groups showed borderline significance (P=0.05), but no difference in mortality was observed. The estimated actuarial 7-year event-free survival rate was 77+/-8% in the PMV group and 95+/-3% in the TVP group. Severe TR was improved to mild or absent TR in 43 (98%) patients in the TVP group, and this was significantly higher than in the PMV group (22/48, 46%; P<0.001). In the TVP group, the right ventricle (RV) size was significantly decreased in 18 (90%) patients among 20 patients with preoperative significant RV enlargement. On stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis, TVP group and baseline sinus rhythm were independent predictors for improvement of TR (P<0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
TV repair combined with MV surgery was related to better clinical outcomes than PMV alone, and we recommend that this surgical option should be considered preferentially in severe MS with severe functional TR, especially if atrial fibrillation or enlarged RV is associated.
Song
Hyun
H
Division of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 388-1, Poongnap-dong, Songpa-ku, Seoul, Korea 138-736.
Kang
Duk-Hyun
DH
Kim
Jeong Hoon
JH
Park
Kyoung-Min
KM
Song
Jong-Min
JM
Choi
Kee-Joon
KJ
Hong
Myeong-Ki
MK
Chung
Cheol Hyun
CH
Song
Jae-Kwan
JK
Lee
Jae-Won
JW
Park
Seong-Wook
SW
Park
Seung-Jung
SJ
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D014262:Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*