title: Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of compounds isolated from Scaphyglottis livida and Maxillaria densa.
abstract: Oral administration of a CH(2)Cl(2)-MeOH (1:1) extract of Scaphyglottis livida produced dose-dependent antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects when tested in mice and rats using the hot-plate (150-600 mg/kg) and carrageenan-induced inflammation (150-600 mg/kg) models, respectively. Morphine (1.5-6 mg/kg, p.o.) and indomethacin (10-40 mg/kg, p.o.) were used as positive controls, respectively. Four compounds were isolated from the active extract of Scaphyglottis livida, namely 5alpha-lanosta-24,24-dimethyl-9(11),25-dien-3beta-ol (LDD), 24,24,dimethyl-9,19-cyclolanosta-9(11),25-dien-3-one (cyclobalanone), gigantol and 3,4'-dihydroxy-3',4,5-trimethoxybibenzyl (DTB). LDD and gigantol (25-100 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly increased the hot-plate latency in comparison to vehicle-treated mice and decreased carrageenan-induced inflammation in rats. The antinociception provoked by LDD and gigantol was partially blocked by naloxone (1mg/kg, i.p.). However, pretreatment with L-NAME (100 mg/kg, i.p.) and glibenclamide (10 mg/kg, i.p.) did not affect the antinociceptive response induced by LDD or gigantol suggesting that their pharmacological effect could be partially due to activation of opioid receptors. Moreover, a CH(2)Cl(2)-MeOH (1:1) extract of Maxillaria densa reduced acetic acid-induced abdominal writhes but was not able to produce antinociception in the hot-plate assay. Two compounds were isolated from the active extract of Maxillaria densa, namely fimbriol A and erianthridin. Both compounds partially reduced acetic acid-induced writhes. The results tend to support the popular use of this species in folk medicine for treatment of painful complaints.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, D.F., Mexico. myrnadeciga@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Myrna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Déciga-Campos
authors.forename: Juan Francisco
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Palacios-Espinosa
authors.forename: Adelfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reyes-Ramírez
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mata
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000700:Analgesics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001632:Bibenzyls; D002351:Carrageenan; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D006139:Guaiacol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D029595:Orchidaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001632:Bibenzyls; D010936:Plant Extracts; C478099:gigantol; D006139:Guaiacol; D002351:Carrageenan; D019342:Acetic Acid