title: A fast Ca2+-induced Ca2+-release mechanism in Dictyostelium discoideum.
abstract: In vertebrate cells calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) is thought to be responsible for rapid cytosolic Ca(2+) elevations despite the occurrence of strong Ca(2+) buffering within the cytosol. In Dictyostelium, a CICR mechanism has not been reported. While analyzing Ca(2+) regulation in a vesicular fraction of Dictyostelium rich in Ca(2+)-flux activity, containing contractile vacuoles (CV) as the main component of acidic Ca(2+) stores and ER, we detected a rapid Ca(2+) change upon addition of Ca(2+) (CIC). CIC was three times larger in active stores accumulating Ca(2+) than before Ca(2+) uptake and in inactivated stores. Ca(2+) release was demonstrated with the calmodulin antagonist W7 that inhibits the V-type H(+)ATPase activity and Ca(2+) uptake of acidic Ca(2+) stores. W7 caused a rapid and large increase of extravesicular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](e)), much faster and larger than thapsigargin (Tg), a Ca(2+)-uptake inhibitor of the ER. W7 treatment blocked CIC indicating that a large part of CIC is due to Ca(2+) release. The height of CIC depended on the filling state of the Ca(2+) stores. CIC was virtually unchanged in the iplA(-) strain that lacks a putative IP(3) or ryanodine receptor thought to be located at the endoplasmic reticulum. By contrast, CIC was reduced in two mutants, HGR8 and lvsA(-), that are impaired in acidic Ca(2+)-store function. Purified Ca(2+) stores enriched in CV still displayed CIC, indicating that CV are a source of Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release. CIC-defective mutants were altered in their oscillatory properties. The irregularity of the HGR8 oscillation suggests that the principal oscillator is affected in this mutant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 5560, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany. Christina.Schlattere@uni-konstanz.de
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Malchow
authors.forename: Daniel F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Lusche
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Lozanne
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schlatterer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D003600:Cytosol / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008027:Light; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019284:Thapsigargin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D002147:Calmodulin; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D019284:Thapsigargin; D002118:Calcium