NMR characterization of the structure of a beta-(1-->3)-D-glucan isolate from cultured fruit bodies of Sparassis crispa.
SCG, a purified beta-d-glucan, obtained from Sparassis crispa, exhibits various biological activities including an antitumor effect, enhancement of the hematopoietic response in cyclophosphamide-induced leukopenic mice, and induction of the production of cytokines. The mechanisms of these effects have been extensively investigated; however, an unambiguous structural characterization of SCG is yet to be achieved. It is well accepted that the biological effects of beta-glucan depend on its primary structures, conformation, and molecular weight. In the present study, we examine the difference of biological effects among beta-glucans, elucidate the primary structure of SCG, and compare with SPG from Schizophyllum commune using NMR spectroscopy. Our data reveal that SCG but not SPG induce cytokine production from bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and their major structural units are a beta-(1-->3)-d-glucan backbone with single beta-(1-->6)-d-glucosyl side branching units every three residues.
Tada
Rui
R
Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, 1432-1, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
Harada
Toshie
T
Nagi-Miura
Noriko
N
Adachi
Yoshiyuki
Y
Nakajima
Mitsuhiro
M
Yadomae
Toshiro
T
Ohno
Naohito
N
D000818:Animals; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D005638:Fruit; D005936:Glucans / Q000737:chemistry*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011714:Pyrans / Q000737:chemistry; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000737:chemistry*
D005936:Glucans; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011714:Pyrans; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D047071:beta-Glucans