title: Evaluation of virtual shopping in the VMall: comparison of post-stroke participants to healthy control groups.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the potential use of the VMall as an evaluation tool for rehabilitation by (1) describing its use with 14 post-stroke participants and (2) by comparing performance within the VMall of the post-stroke participants to healthy control participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Criterion standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  University of Haifa and the Chaim Sheba Medical Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen post-stroke participants and 93 healthy participants from three age groups (children, young adults and older adults).
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants experienced the VMall and shopped for four grocery items and then completed feedback questionnaires.
  
  
  METHODS
  The experience of the stroke participants is described in detail. The duration and number of mistakes made during a four-item shopping task within the VMall, overall feedback, and perceived exertion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were found between each of the three healthy groups and the stroke group for the mean total time to shop (F(3,97) = 23.28, P < 0.000). The participants' overall feedback on the VMall was positive with no differences between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The VMall as used with the four-item shopping task was found to significantly differentiate between healthy to stroke participants. The shopping task was challenging for the stroke participants which have positive implications for treatment effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. drand@univ.haifa.ac.il
authors.forename: Debbie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rand
authors.forename: Noomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: Patrice L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D003132:Commerce; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D014584:User-Computer Interface