title: Effect of lifestyle and/or statin treatment on soluble markers of atherosclerosis in hypertensives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the independent and combined effects of lifestyle changes and statin treatment on soluble markers of atherosclerotic activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was a randomised, 2 x 2 factorial 1 year intervention trial. Participants (n=177) were sedentary, drug-treated, hypertensive men (aged 40-74 years). They were randomised to placebo, lifestyle intervention (diet and physical activity), fluvastatin 40 mg, or the combination of lifestyle and fluvastatin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lifestyle intervention significantly reduced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) compared to usual care (p=0.003). Thrombomodulin level remained higher among individuals receiving lifestyle intervention (p=0.025). sICAM-1 was less reduced among fluvastatin treated participants compared to the placebo treated (p=0.029). Changes of blood pressure, weight or waist circumference were not significantly different between treatment groups. Individuals who achieved improvement of classical risk factors also had a significant reduction of endothelial markers (E-selectin, von Willebrands factor, tissue plasminogen activator antigen).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One year of lifestyle intervention reduced the level of sICAM-1 in sedentary, drug-treated hypertensives, in spite of no impact on traditional risk factors. Low dose fluvastatin had no beneficial effect on the measured markers.
authors.affiliation: Research Forum, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. anne@hjelstuen.no
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hjelstuen
authors.forename: Sigmund A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Anderssen
authors.forename: Ingar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Holme
authors.forename: Ingebjørg
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Seljeflot
authors.forename: Tor Ole
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Klemsdal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015415:Biomarkers; D019483:Disintegrins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016232:Endothelins / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007249:Inflammation; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019483:Disintegrins; D016232:Endothelins; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; C102800:flavostatin; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1