title: [Surgical treatment of urethral stenosis: update].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compile the main methods of surgical treatment of penile and bulbar urethral stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We review the most updated bibliography, focusing on authors with large experience in the treatment of urethral stenosis, and we use our own experience to contrast or reaffirm some of the techniques.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The base of the treatment of urethral stenosis remains in the stenosis itself (localization, etiology and length) and also in patient's characteristics (age, past medical history). Among the techniques of urethroplasty we have techniques in one step, as the technique of excision and anastomosis, and the use of free grafts or vascularized flaps. The techniques in two steps like Johannson's or perineostomy are very useful in certain cases of complex stenosis. We should keep an eye on the development of new techniques and the use of new materials that will help, once consolidated, to improve results.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital de Cruces, Baracaldo, Vizcaya, España. j.l.lozano@euskalnet.net
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lozano Ortega
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pertusa Peña
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010413:Penis; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000601:surgery*; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods