title: A cytokine immunosensor for multiple sclerosis detection based upon label-free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
abstract: A biosensor for the serum cytokine, interleukin-12 (IL-12), based upon a label-free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy monitoring is described. Overexpression of IL-12 has been correlated to the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The prototype biosensor was fabricated on a disposable gold-coated silver ribbon electrode by immobilizing anti-IL-12 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) onto the surface of the electrode. This technique was advantageous as the silver electrodes provided a more rigid and conductive substrate than thin gold foil electrodes and helped in obtaining more reproducible data when used with the electrode holder. Results indicate that IL-12 can be detected at physiological levels, <100 fM with p<0.05 in a label-free and real-time manner. The cost-effective approach described here can be used for diagnosis of diseases (like MS) with known biomarkers in body fluids and for monitoring physiological levels of biomolecules with healthcare, food, and environmental relevance.
authors.affiliation: Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-6001, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: La Belle
authors.forename: Kinjal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bhavsar
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fairchild
authors.forename: Anusuya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sweeney
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Alford
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Veer P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Bhavanandan
authors.forename: Lokesh
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Joshi
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018664:Interleukin-12