title: Anandamide improves the impaired nitric oxide-mediated neurogenic relaxation of the corpus cavernosum in diabetic rats: involvement of cannabinoid CB1 and vanilloid VR1 receptors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the ability of acute administration of the endogenous cannabinoid, anandamide, in vitro to alter the nonadrenegic noncholinergic (NANC)-mediated relaxation of corpus cavernosum (CC) in diabetic rats and the possible role of nitric oxide (NO), as it is well known that erectile dysfunction (ED) affects 35-75% of men with diabetes mellitus and several studies have been conducted to find appropriate strategies for treating diabetes-induced ED.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin administration and was maintained for 8 weeks. The CC were removed and isolated in organ baths for pharmacological studies. Agonist-evoked or electrical-field stimulation (EFS)-evoked smooth muscle tensions in CC strips from control and diabetic rats were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The neurogenic relaxation of phenylephrine (7.5 microm)-precontracted isolated CC strips was impaired in diabetic rats. Anandamide (0.3, 1 and 3 microm) enhanced the relaxant responses to EFS in diabetic CC strips in a dose-dependent manner. This effect was antagonized by the selective cannabinoid CB(1) receptor antagonist AM251 (1 microm) and the selective vanilloid receptor antagonist capsazepine (3 microm). Concurrent administration of partially effective doses of l-arginine (10 microm) and anandamide (0.3 microm) exerted a synergistic improvement in EFS-induced relaxation of diabetic CC strips (P < 0.001). The relaxant responses to the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside, were similar between diabetic and control groups. CONCLUSION; For the first time, we show that acute administration of anandamide, an endogenous cannabinoid, alone or combined with l-arginine can improve nitrergic nerve-mediated relaxation of the CC in diabetic rats. This effect was mediated by cannabinoid CB(1) and vanilloid VR(1) receptors within the CC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, PO Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghasemi
authors.forename: Hamed
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sadeghipour
authors.forename: Ahmad R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Dehpour
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D063385:Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications*; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D018783:Impotence, Vasculogenic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000187:drug effects; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 / Q000378:metabolism; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D063385:Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C078814:anandamide