title: Calcineurin inhibitor-associated oral inflammatory polyps after transplantation.
abstract: Calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporine and tacrolimus) have been used as the mainstay immunosuppressive therapy for solid organ and hematopoietic cell transplantations (HCT) to prevent allograft rejection and for prophylaxis and treatment of the chronic graft-versus-host disease. Adverse effects of these drugs include nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hypertension and gingival hyperplasia. Association of oral non-gingival soft tissue hyperplasia with calcineurin inhibitor therapy has only recently been recognized and is thought to occur infrequently. We present four cases of oral non-gingival inflammatory fibro-vascular hyperplasias attributed to the use of calcineurin inhibitors following solid organ transplantation and HCT. These lesions interfere with function and must be differentiated from other oral lesions, and therefore should be surgically excised.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Mohaya
authors.forename: Nathaniel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Treister
authors.forename: Ons
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Al-Khadra
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: Bonnie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Padwa
authors.forename: Sook-Bin
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Woo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000209:etiology; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000209:etiology; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology; D008047:Lip Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D011127:Polyps / Q000209:etiology*; D014060:Tongue Diseases / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents