What do we (need to) know about the kinetic properties of nanoparticles in the body?
Nowadays the development and applications of nanotechnology are of major importance in both industrial and consumer areas. However, the knowledge on human exposure and possible toxicity of nanotechnology products is limited. To understand the mechanism of toxicity, thorough knowledge of the toxicokinetic properties of nanoparticles is warranted. There is a need for information on the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of nanoparticles and validated detection methods of these man-made nanoparticles. Determination of the ADME properties of nanoparticles requires specialised detection methods in different biological matrices (e.g. blood and organs). In this paper, the current knowledge on the kinetic properties of nanoparticles is reviewed. Moreover, knowledge gaps from a kinetic point of view (detection, dose, ADME processes) are identified.
Hagens
Werner I
WI
Centre for Substances and Integrated Risk Assessment (SIR), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. werner.hagens@rivm.nl
Oomen
Agnes G
AG
de Jong
Wim H
WH
Cassee
Flemming R
FR
Sips
Adriënne J A M
AJ
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D010599:Pharmacokinetics