title: Cold stress regulation of gene expression in plants.
abstract: Cold stress adversely affects plant growth and development. Most temperate plants acquire freezing tolerance by a process called cold acclimation. Here, we focus on recent progress in transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation of gene expression that is critical for cold acclimation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by the inducer of C-repeat binding factor (CBF) expression 1 (ICE1), the CBF transcriptional cascade and CBF-independent regulons during cold acclimation. ICE1 is negatively regulated by ubiquitination-mediated proteolysis and positively regulated by SUMO (small ubiquitin-related modifier) E3 ligase-catalyzed sumoylation. Post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, such as pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export and small RNA-directed mRNA degradation, also play important roles in cold stress responses.
authors.affiliation: Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Viswanathan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chinnusamy
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jian-Kang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D003080:Cold Temperature; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000502:physiology*; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction