title: [Hemodynamic effects of local anesthetics with adrenaline during septal surgery].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the hemodynamic effects of local anesthetics with adrenaline used before septal surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective, controlled design, administration of local anesthetics was performed with and without adrenaline in 39 patients and 10 patients, respectively, undergoing septal surgery. Plasma adrenaline concentrations were measured before anesthesia, and after 2, 5, and 10 minutes from anesthesia. The patients were monitored with respect to pulse rate, electrocardiographic findings, and blood pressure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative plasma adrenaline levels were similar in patients receiving local anesthetics with or without adrenaline (0.8 nmol/l vs 0.7 nmol/l). Following adrenaline administration, adrenaline levels showed significant increases to 2.2, 1.9, and 1.7 nmol/l after 2, 5, and 10 minutes, respectively (p<0.001), whereas they remained similar in the control group. No side effects related to adrenaline use were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite systemic absorption of local injections, adrenaline-related side effects during septal surgery are extremely rare when the patients are closely monitored.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Medicine Faculty of Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. aceylan@gazi.edu.tr
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ceylan
authors.forename: Fikret
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ileri
authors.forename: Sabri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uslu
authors.forename: Korhan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asal
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ural
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000601:surgery*; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D004837:Epinephrine