title: Klippel-Feil syndrome with other associated anomalies in a medieval Portuguese skeleton (13th-15th century).
abstract: Klippel-Feil syndrome, or synostosis of the cervical spine, is the result of an abnormal division of somites during embryonic development. This report analyses an adult male (exhumed from a Portuguese graveyard dating from the 13th to the 15th century) with malformations in the cranium and vertebral column. Besides the lesions that are typical of Klippel-Feil syndrome type II, other defects usually linked to this pathology are described (occipito-atlantal fusion, hemivertebrae, butterfly vertebrae, cervical rib, changes in normal number of vertebral segments and a possible Sprengel deformity).
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Antropologia Biológica, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Evora, Portugal.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000266:history / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology*; D049691:History, Medieval; D006801:Humans; D007714:Klippel-Feil Syndrome / Q000266:history / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D011174:Portugal; D012863:Skeleton