title: Growth and parameters of microflora in intestinal and faecal samples of piglets due to application of a phytogenic feed additive.
abstract: A commercial phytogenic feed additive (PFA), containing the fructopolysaccharide inulin, an essential oil mix (carvacrol, thymol), chestnut meal (tannins) and cellulose powder as carrier substance, was examined for effects on growth and faecal and intestinal microflora of piglets. Two experiments (35 days) were conducted, each with 40 male castrated weaned piglets. In experiment 1, graded levels of the PFA were supplied (A1: control; B1: 0.05% PFA; C1: 0.1% PFA; D1: 0.15% PFA) in diets based on wheat, barley, soybean meal and fish meal with lysine as the limiting amino acid. In experiment 2, a similar diet with 0.1% of the PFA (A2: control; B2: 0.1% PFA; C2: +0.35% lysine; D2: 0.1% PFA + 0.35% lysine) and lysine supplementation was utilized. During experiment 1, no significant effect of the PFA on growth, feed intake and feed conversion rate was observed (p > 0.05). Lysine supplementation in experiment 2 improved growth performance significantly, but no significant effect of the PFA was detected. Microbial counts in faeces (aerobes, Gram negatives, anaerobes and lactobacilli) during the first and fifth week did not indicate any significant PFA effect (p > 0.05). In addition, microflora in intestinal samples was not significantly modified by supplementing the PFA (p > 0.05). Lysine supplementation indicated lysine as limiting amino acid in the basal diet, but did not influence the microbial counts in faeces and small intestine respectively.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muhl
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liebert
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial / Q000662:veterinary; D000081007:Cymenes; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D007444:Inulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D008239:Lysine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000382:microbiology; D013634:Tannins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D013943:Thymol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000081007:Cymenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D013634:Tannins; D013943:Thymol; D002482:Cellulose; D007444:Inulin; C073316:carvacrol; D008239:Lysine