title: A Polypodium leucotomos extract inhibits solar-simulated radiation-induced TNF-alpha and iNOS expression, transcriptional activation and apoptosis.
abstract: In this report, we have examined the molecular basis of the photoprotective effect of a hydrophilic extract of the fern Polypodium leucotomos (PL) in vitro, using a solar simulator as the source of UV radiation (SSR). We found that pretreatment of human keratinocytes with PL inhibited SSR-mediated increase of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and also abrogated nitric oxide (NO) production. Consistent with this, PL blocked the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) elicited by SSR. In addition, PL inhibited the SSR-mediated transcriptional activation of NF-kappaB and AP1. Finally, we demonstrated that pretreatment with PL exerted a cytoprotective effect against SSR-induced damage, resulting in increased cell survival. Together, these data postulate a multifactor mechanism of protection not exclusively reliant on the antioxidant capability of PL, and strengthen the basic knowledge on the photoprotective effect of this botanical agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Agnieska
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jańczyk
authors.forename: M Angeles
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Garcia-Lopez
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Peñas
authors.forename: Jose Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Alonso-Lebrero
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Benedicto
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López-Cabrera
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D032494:Polypodium / Q000737:chemistry*; D013472:Sunlight; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008156:Luciferases; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D001205:Ascorbic Acid