title: Decreased levels of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-beta 2 in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with high grade astrocytoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glioma cells can produce anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) which inhibit T cell and monocyte function. It is unknown if production of these cytokines is limited to the site of tumor or these molecules are also released to cerebrospinal fluid and blood. The goal of our study was to determine if patients with astrocytoma have increased levels of IL-10 and TGF-beta 2 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum.
  
  
  METHODS
  CSF and serum samples were taken from 16 patients with astrocytoma of grade III or grade IV according to the WHO classification and from 28 age- and gender-matched controls (patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus or with lumbar disk herniation). Cytokine concentrations were measured using ELISA methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no difference in serum levels of IL-10 and TGF-beta 2 between groups. Patients with astrocytoma had decreased levels of IL-10 (0.9 +/- 1.2 versus 3.5 +/- 9.2 pg/ml, p=0.01) and TGF-beta 2 (0.0 +/- 0.0 versus 5.4 +/- 9.4 pg/ml, p=0.05) in CSF compared to controls. Because serum IL-10 and TGF-beta 2 levels are similar in patients with astrocytoma and in controls, these cytokines are probably not directly involved in peripheral monocyte and T cell deactivation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Botaniczna 3, 31-503 Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krzyszkowski
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dziedzic
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Czepko
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szczudlik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006850:Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D008161:Lumbosacral Region; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D016753:Interleukin-10