title: Peptide-mediated activation of Akt and extracellular regulated kinase signaling prevents lymphocyte apoptosis.
abstract: Lymphocyte apoptosis is a hallmark of sepsis and contributes to disease mortality. In other acute injuries, such as myocardial and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, apoptosis plays a significant role in disease-associated morbidity and mortality. We previously showed that constitutive activation of the potent antiapoptotic Akt/protein kinase B signaling pathway in lymphocytes both reduces sepsis-induced lymphocyte apoptosis and confers a significant survival advantage compared to wild-type littermates. Here, we demonstrate a therapeutic approach to acutely augment Akt activity in a wild-type animal. A cell-permeable peptide conjugated to the Akt-binding domain of the endogenous Akt coactivator, Tcl-1, prolongs Akt activity, activates extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) signaling and protects lymphocytes from numerous apoptotic stimuli both in vitro and in vivo. Molecular approaches to activate the antiapoptotic Akt and ERK signaling pathways may provide a novel tool to study these signaling pathways, as well as a new antiapoptotic strategy for the treatment of sepsis and other acute injuries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. mcdunnj@wustl.edu
authors.forename: Jonathan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: McDunn
authors.forename: Jared T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Muenzer
authors.forename: Latif
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rachdi
authors.forename: Katherine C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chris G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: W Michael
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Dunne
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Piwnica-Worms
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bernal-Mizrachi
authors.forename: Richard S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hotchkiss
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010455:Peptides; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases