title: Time-related changes in constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthases in the rat striatum in a model of Huntington's disease.
abstract: Excitotoxicity and oxidative stress are mechanisms involved in the neuronal cell death induced by the intrastriatal injection of quinolinic acid (QUIN) as a model of Huntington's disease. Production of nitric oxide by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has been proposed to participate in QUIN-induced neurotoxicity; however, the precise role of NOS in QUIN-induced toxicity still remains controversial. In order to provide further information on the role of NOS isoforms in QUIN toxicity, we performed real time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry of inducible NOS (iNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS) and determined Ca(2+)-dependent and Ca(2+)-independent NOS activity in a temporal course (3-48h), after an intrastriatal injection of QUIN to rats. NOS isoforms exhibited a transitory expression of mRNA and protein after QUIN infusion: eNOS increased between 3 and 24h, iNOS between 12 and 24h, while nNOS at 35 and 48h. Ca(2+)-independent activity (iNOS) did not show any change, while Ca(2+)-dependent activity (constitutive NOS: eNOS/nNOS) exhibited increased levels at 3h. Our results support the participation of Ca(2+)-dependent NOS isoforms during the toxic events produced at early times after QUIN injection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, México, DF 14269, Mexico.
authors.forename: Penélope
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aguilera
authors.forename: María Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Chánez-Cárdenas
authors.forename: Esaú
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Floriano-Sánchez
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barrera
authors.forename: Abel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santamaría
authors.forename: Dolores Javier
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sánchez-González
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pérez-Severiano
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pedraza-Chaverrí
authors.forename: Perla Deyanira Maldonado
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Jiménez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000201:enzymology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006816:Huntington Disease / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D017378:Quinolinic Acid; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496322:Nos1 protein, rat; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat; D017378:Quinolinic Acid; D002118:Calcium