title: The undescended testis.
abstract: Cryptorchidism represents a common condition affecting male infants that has significant clinical implications, including infertility and testicular malignancy. The precise developmental mechanisms leading to cryptorchidism are poorly understood; however, abnormalities in both functional anatomic and hormonal factors during embryogenesis and testicular descent are implicated. Although surgical intervention is ultimately required, there is a defined role for diagnostic imaging in patient evaluation-particularly in the setting of a nonpalpable undescended testis. Consultation among urologists, pediatric surgeons, and radiologists is paramount to optimize patient care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging Science, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
authors.forename: Jared D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Vikram S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Dogra
mesh_terms: D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000196:embryology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D013737:Testis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography