title: Strategies for autonomy used by people with cervical spinal cord injury: a qualitative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify strategies used by people with high cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) to function autonomously. A multidimensional concept of autonomy was used, with four dimensions: independence, self-determination, participation and identification.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative methods were used, involving literature study and semi-structured interviews with eight individuals with high SCI who had been discharged from the rehabilitation centre for several years and were members of a sports club.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Strategies for independence included making independent functioning a personal challenge and learning from others with SCI. Strategies for self-determination included keeping oneself informed, setting personal goals and being assertive. Strategies for participation were making challenges out of barriers, planning and organizing, asking and accepting help, and dealing with reactions from others. Strategies for identification involved taking life as it comes and focussing on positive aspects of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Different strategies are necessary for different dimensions of autonomy. Some strategies seem contradictory in terms of their effects on different dimensions of autonomy. Patients can be made aware of strategies for autonomy during the rehabilitation phase.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Rehabilitation Research, Groningen, The Netherlands. leontinevandeven@gmail.com
authors.forename: Leontine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: van de Ven
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Post
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Witte
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: van den Heuvel
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D026684:Personal Autonomy; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*