title: Insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene in patients with breast cancer and effects on prognostic factors.
abstract: The aims of the present study were to investigate the distribution of the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene in breast cancer patients and the association between ACE genotypes and clinicopathologic features, as well as their effects on prognosis. We assessed the I/D polymophism of the ACE gene by using polymerase chain reaction from peripheral blood in breast cancer and healthy age-matched women. The clinicopathologic parameters of breast cancer patients were obtained from medical records. Of the 57 patients, 31 (54.4%) had DD, 24 (42.1%) had ID, and 2 (3.5%) had II genotypes. In control subjects, 33 (63.5%) had DD, 12 (23.1%) had ID, and 7 (13.4%) had II genotypes. The ID genotype was seen more commonly in breast cancer patients (p = .03). When the combination of ID and II genotypes was used as a reference group, the DD genotype was associated with negative hormone receptor status (p = .003), tumor size (p = .054), and lymph node involvement (p = .07) but not histologic high grade and c-erb B2 overexpression. These results suggest that the DD genotype may accompany poor prognostic factors and influence the tumor course.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pamukkale, Denizli, Turkey. arzu_yaren@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Arzu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yaren
authors.forename: Sebahat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Turgut
authors.forename: Raziye
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kursunluoglu
authors.forename: Ilhan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Oztop
authors.forename: Gunfer
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Turgut
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Degirmencioglu
authors.forename: Canan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kelten
authors.forename: Ergun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erdem
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A