title: Running exercise- and antidepressant-induced increases in growth and survival-associated signaling molecules are IGF-dependent.
abstract: It is known that physical exercise increases hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and protein, as well as the expression of several pro-survival signaling proteins and that many of these effects depend on the uptake of peripheral insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) into the CNS. Because treatment with antidepressants has similar effects upon neurotrophin expression, we investigated whether antidepressant-induced BDNF changes also depend on IGF-1 uptake, as well as whether IGF-1 plays a role in the exercise/antidepressant-induced expression of molecules associated with plasticity/growth (GAP-43, SCG-10) and the intracellular activation of molecules associated with neuronal survival (Akt, ERK1/2). We evaluated the effects of a well known monoamine oxidase inhibitor, tranylcypromine, on BDNF mRNA and protein levels and phospho-Akt and phospho-ERK1/2 immunoreactivity, both with and without systemic blockade of IGF-1 uptake through the use of an antiserum raised against IGF-1. Anti-IGF-1 reversed the increase in BDNF mRNA and protein elicited by exercise as well as tranylcypromine. Exercise also significantly enhanced transcription of axon growth protein, GAP-43, an effect that was also evidenced to be IGF-1-dependent. The combination of exercise-plus-tranylcypromine also increased several cell survival signaling measures, but the BDNF changes associated with the combination treatment appeared to be independent of IGF-1 uptake. Together, these results indicate that the uptake of peripheral IGF-1 in the CNS is essential for antidepressant- as well as exercise-induced enhancement in hippocampal BDNF expression and thus, enhanced hippocampal neuronal survival and plasticity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, 5151 State University Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA. mchen@calstatela.edu
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Amelia A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Russo-Neustadt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012420:Running; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014191:Tranylcypromine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013002:Somatomedins; D014191:Tranylcypromine