Acute depletion and recovery of peritoneal B-1 lymphocytes in BALB/c mice after a single injection of mercury chloride.
The acute toxicity of mercury (Hg) to B cells was studied in the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c mice, a coelomic space where both B-1 and B-2 subsets of B lymphocytes are present. Up to 24 hr after a single in situ Hg injection, the peritoneal cavity became virtually devoid of lymphocytes, particularly of the B-1 subset. Lymphocyte depletion was more severe for B than T cells. This depletion was associated with partial lymphocyte activation (CD69(+)) at 6 hr of treatment and it was due to apoptosis rather than to necrosis. Partial recovery of both B and T cells was observed in the peritoneal cavity 48 hr after the Hg injection. The phenomenon was followed by a second decrease in peritoneal lymphocytes 72 hr after Hg. Neutrophils that entered the peritoneal cavity because of the Hg injection were resistant to apoptosis. No significant changes in lymphocyte number or subpopulation were found in the spleen and thymus of the mice up to 72 hr after the Hg treatment. We concluded that B lymphocytes were severely affected by the toxic effects of Hg. Our data suggest that Hg-induced unbalance in the repertoire of B cells, of the B-1 subset in particular, may result later in the secretion of the high titres of pathogenic autoantibodies that are found in the Hg-induced lupus disorder of BALB/c mice.
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Laboratory of Immunology Mário-Arala Chaves, Abel Salazar Institute for Biomedical Sciences, ICBAS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. madureira@icbas.up.pt
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D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008627:Mercuric Chloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009336:Necrosis / Q000473:pathology; D010529:Peritoneal Cavity / Q000166:cytology; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000187:drug effects
D008627:Mercuric Chloride