title: Assessment of systemic inflammatory response (SIR) in patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation or partial liver resection for liver tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Local therapies for liver tumors are considered to be safe. However, cryoablation (CA) has been associated with an exaggerated systemic inflammatory response (SIR). Aim of this study was to assess the degree of SIR after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in comparison with major (MR) or minor (mR) liver resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine patients were treated with RFA (n = 11), MR (n = 10) or mR (n = 18). SIR parameters [white blood count (WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP)], proinflammatory mediators [IL-6, TNF-alpha and sPLA2], liver damage parameters [AST/ALT] and platelet counts were determined at different time points. The volume of ablated liver was calculated on the first CT after RFA in order to correlate ablated liver volume with liver enzyme release and SIR. All data are expressed as median values with quartiles [25%, 75%].
  
  
  RESULTS
  RFA induced a moderate SIR, as demonstrated by a significant elevation of CRP (77 mg/L vs 3 mg/L), IL-6 (96 pg/ml vs 4 pg/ml) and sPLA2 (41 ng/ml vs 7 ng/ml, p < 0.05). Peak point values of SIR (WBC and CRP at 24 vs 48 h and 48 vs 72 h) and proinflammatory response parameters (24 vs 48 h) occurred earlier after RFA than after mR or MR. Time-to-time comparison revealed even increased levels of CRP (77 mg/L [59, 160]) 24h after RFA when compared to patients undergoing major or minor resection (50 mg/L [28, 66] and 59 mg/L [24, 91], respectively) and increased levels of IL-6 (67 pg/ml [42, 131]) 4 h after RFA when compared to patients undergoing minor resection (29 pg/ml [20, 55]). Postoperative levels of AST and LDH correlated significantly with the ablated liver volume 1h after RFA (RC = 0.860 and RC = 0.868, respectively, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RFA induced a moderate SIR of the same magnitude as in patients undergoing partial liver resection. None of the patients showed signs of an exaggerated SIR, as has been reported after cryoablation.
authors: Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1109 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors: M C
authors: MC
authors: Jansen
authors: S
authors: S
authors: van Wanrooy
authors: R
authors: R
authors: van Hillegersberg
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Rijken
authors: F
authors: F
authors: van Coevorden
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Prevoo
authors: T M
authors: TM
authors: van Gulik
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054497:Phospholipases A2, Secretory / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D054497:Phospholipases A2, Secretory