[Familial nommedullary thyroid cancer].
Nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma, originating from thyroid epithelial cells, is the most frequent thyroid malignant neoplasia. Since 1955, there has been increasing evidence that this cancer may have a familial predisposition. It is now established that around 4.2% of all nonmedullary thyroid carcinomas occurs on the background of familial predisposition. These cases are often more aggressive, due to early onset, multifocality and a higher percentual of recurrences. An autossomal dominant inheritance pattern appears likely in most families, although the exact genes responsible for this syndrome have not yet been identified. Patients affected by this cancer should be treated with total thyroidectomy routinely and, in most cases, lymph node dissection, followed by iodine ablation and TSH suppressive therapy with levothyroxine. Some authors also recommend that first-degree relatives of patients with nonmedullary thyroid cancer (especially women) should be submitted to neck ultrasound for thyroid cancer screening, aiming early diagnosis for better treatment results.
Santos
Roberto Bernardo
RB
Serviço de Endocrinologia, Centro de Ciências da Vida, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, SP, Brazil. robmirsantos@uol.com.br
Melo
Thaís Gomes de
TG
Assumpção
Lígia V Montali
LV
D018263:Adenocarcinoma, Follicular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D000367:Age Factors; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012737:Sex Factors; D013577:Syndrome; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000627:therapeutic use
D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D013974:Thyroxine