title: Matched follow-up study of 5 8-year-old ICSI singletons: child behaviour, parenting stress and child (health-related) quality of life.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Psychosocial follow-up of ICSI children is scarce. We compared child behaviour, parenting stress and quality of life for singletons aged 5-8 years born after ICSI, IVF and natural conception (NC).
  
  
  METHODS
  All singletons born between June 1996 and December 1999 after ICSI in the Leiden University Medical Center were invited (n = 110). Matched singletons born after IVF and NC were recruited. Parents completed the Child Behaviour Checklist (measures problem behaviour), the Parenting Stress Index (Nijmeegse Ouderlijke Stress Index) and two quality of life questionnaires (Dux25 and TACQOL). Children completed the Dux25 Child form.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-seven ICSI children (79%), 92 IVF children (73%) and 85 NC children enrolled. Prevalence of behavioural disorders-as reported by the parents-was comparable in the three groups. Three of 87 ICSI children had autism or an autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Problem behaviour scores were similar for ICSI and NC children; IVF children (mainly girls) scored less problem behaviour (P < 0.05) and their scores were less often in the (borderline) clinical range. Parenting stress was similar for ICSI and IVF, but lower for NC than ICSI parents, mainly on the child scale. Quality of life scores were similar in the three conception groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence of autism/ASD seemed higher after ICSI, but this unexpected finding should be confirmed by future studies with larger group sizes. ICSI parents experienced more stress than NC parents, although selection bias cannot be ruled out. The majority of ICSI singletons assessed at age 5-8 years showed a normal psychosocial well-being.
authors: Department of Paediatrics (J6-S), Neonatal Center, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Knoester
authors: F M
authors: FM
authors: Helmerhorst
authors: L A J
authors: LA
authors: van der Westerlaken
authors: F J
authors: FJ
authors: Walther
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Veen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011584:Psychology; D011788:Quality of Life; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires