title: Effects of neighborhood resources on aggressive and delinquent behaviors among urban youths.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to identify neighborhood-level resources associated with lower levels of aggression and delinquency among youths aged 9-15 years at baseline after accounting for risk factors and other types of resources.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were derived from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods, which focused on 2226 ethnically diverse, urban youths, their caregivers, and the 80 neighborhoods in which they resided at baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Living in a neighborhood with a higher concentration of organizations or services serving young people and adults was associated with lower levels of aggression (odds ratio [OR]=0.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.8, 1.0); living in such a neighborhood also moderated family, peer, and mentor resources. For example, the presence of well-behaved peers was associated with lower levels of aggression among youths living in neighborhoods where the concentration of organizations and services was at least 1 standard deviation above the mean; the association was less strong among youths living in neighborhoods with organizations and services 1 standard deviation below the mean or less.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Certain family, peer, and mentoring resources may confer benefits only in the presence of neighborhood resources. Increasing neighborhood resources should be considered in interventions designed to reduce urban youths' involvement in violence.
authors: Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Sixth Floor, Boston, MA 02115, USA. bmolnar@hsph.harvard.edu
authors: Beth E
authors: BE
authors: Molnar
authors: Magdalena
authors: M
authors: Cerda
authors: Andrea L
authors: AL
authors: Roberts
authors: Stephen L
authors: SL
authors: Buka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000374:Aggression; D002641:Chicago; D002648:Child; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008611:Mentors; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010379:Peer Group; D012307:Risk Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D014505:Urban Population