title: Successful management of recurrent coccygeal hernia with the de-epithelialised rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Little data exist about the optimal management of the rare coccygeal hernia. A novel method of repair is reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 46-year-old woman presented with a symptomatic coccygeal hernia after resection of the coccyx for a tumour. She had previously been reconstructed with an on-lay polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) mesh but subsequently developed a hernia. A de-epithelialised vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap was elevated and passed through the hernia defect. The de-epithelialised dermis was secured to the levator ani and to the periosteum of the sacrum via access through a posterior approach. The gluteal skin was closed primarily over the inset flap.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The de-epithelialised rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap is a viable option for the treatment of coccygeal hernia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The de-epithelialised rectus abdominis flap has several advantages over other techniques including mesh repair and anterior or posterior flap repairs of the coccygeal hernia. The transposed muscle blocks herniation through the pelvic floor and does not create the dead space that is associated with posterior flap repairs such as the bilateral gluteal advancements. It also has the advantages of the posterior approach mesh repair, as the de-epithelialised dermis provides significant strength when secured like mesh to healthy local tissue.
authors: Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Drmiranda@mirandaplasticsurgery.com
authors: E P
authors: EP
authors: Miranda
authors: A L
authors: AL
authors: Anderson
authors: A S
authors: AS
authors: Dosanjh
authors: C K
authors: CK
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D003050:Coccyx / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006547:Hernia / Q000209:etiology; D059685:Herniorrhaphy; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017568:Rectus Abdominis / Q000637:transplantation; D012008:Recurrence; D012445:Sacrococcygeal Region / Q000601:surgery; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013526:Surgical Mesh