Physiological and biochemical effects of lithium in rainbow trout.
The physiological responses of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to lithium (as LiCl) in moderately hard freshwater (CaCO(3) = 120-140 ppm, Na(+) = approximately 0.6 mM) were studied. The study employed a 15-day step-up exposure regime; 66 microg/L Li for the first 9 days and 528 microg/L for the next 6 days. The concentrations of plasma ions, apolipoprotein AI, total cholesterol, and fatty acids, as well as metabolic enzyme citrate synthase (CS) and Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activities in the gill were measured. Li affected fish by exacerbated diffusive Na(+) losses at the gills in the beginning of exposure and a decrease of branchial CS activity. Detrimental effects were shown in fish exposed to 528 microg Li/L. These included a reduction of gill Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity, possibly related to observed lower concentrations of free fatty acids and cholesterol in gill tissue.
Tkatcheva
Victoria
V
Department of Biology, University of Joensuu, P.O. Box 111, FIN-80101 Joensuu, Finland. vikat@cc.joensuu.fi
Franklin
Natasha M
NM
McClelland
Grant B
GB
Smith
Richard W
RW
Holopainen
Ismo J
IJ
Wood
Chris M
CM
D000818:Animals; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D008094:Lithium / Q000633:toxicity*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000502:physiology*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002784:Cholesterol; D008094:Lithium; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase