A review of mathematical models used to determine sperm donor limits for infertility treatment.
OBJECTIVE
To review mathematical models used to determine sperm donor limits for infertility treatment and to consider the need to develop a new, internationally recognized and applicable model for calculating limits.


METHODS
Literature review.


METHODS
Models for determining sperm donor limits were identified through bibliographic databases.


METHODS
Published models.


METHODS
Variables used in the models were defined, evaluated, and assessed for relevancy and applicability.


METHODS
Relevance and applicability of model variables used to predict the number of consanguineous matings, probability of unwitting sibling mating and contribution to F (coefficient of inbreeding).


RESULTS
Models found to be outdated and inadequate for the present-day.


CONCLUSIONS
Many countries have introduced limits to the number of offspring each anonymous sperm donor can father but these limits vary considerably. Published models for calculating sperm donor limits are in need of improvement and it is recommended that an enhanced, internationally applicable formula be developed for calculating acceptable limits. Moreover, it is recommended that further research be undertaken into the social and familial consequences of the revocation of sperm donor anonymity and the implications for the setting of sperm donor limits.
Sawyer
Neroli
N
School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of Ballarat, Mount Helen, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia. n.sawyer@ballarat.edu.au
McDonald
John
J
D003219:Confidentiality / Q000592:standards*; D003241:Consanguinity; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000628:therapy*; D007316:Insemination, Artificial, Heterologous / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011247:Pregnancy