title: Persistent left-sided superior vena cava: integrated noninvasive diagnosis.
abstract: Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a rare finding. We describe 5 patients with PLSVC diagnosed by a noninvasive approach, including two-dimensional (2D) echocardiogram, nuclear magnetic resonance and multislice computed tomography (MCT). In 4 cases the PLSVC was isolated ("alone PLSVC"), and in 1 case associated with a right superior vena cava.
authors: Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University Hospital, Via Consolare Valeria (Gazzi), 98125 Messina, Italy. toninorecupero@virgilio.it
authors: Antonino
authors: A
authors: Recupero
authors: Pietro
authors: P
authors: Pugliatti
authors: Fabrizio
authors: F
authors: Rizzo
authors: Scipione
authors: S
authors: Carerj
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: Cavalli
authors: Cesare
authors: C
authors: de Gregorio
authors: Gianluca
authors: G
authors: Di Bella
authors: Fabio
authors: F
authors: Minutoli
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Arrigo
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Oreto
authors: Sebastiano
authors: S
authors: Coglitore
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media; D003330:Coronary Vessel Anomalies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media