Roles of vitamins B5, B8, B9, B12 and molybdenum cofactor at cellular and organismal levels.
Many efforts have been made in recent decades to understand how coenzymes, including vitamins, are synthesised in organisms. In the present review, we describe the most recent findings about the biological roles of five coenzymes: folate (vitamin B9), pantothenate (vitamin B5), cobalamin (vitamin B12), biotin (vitamin B8) and molybdenum cofactor (Moco). In the first part, we will emphasise their biological functions, including the specific roles found in some organisms. In the second part we will present some nutritional aspects and potential strategies to enhance the cofactor contents in organisms of interest.
Rébeillé
Fabrice
F
Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, UMR5168, Université Joseph Fourier-CNRS-CEA-INRA, Institut de Recherche en Technologies et Sciences du Vivant, CEA-Grenoble, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France. frebeille@cea.fr
Ravanel
Stéphane
S
Marquet
Andrée
A
Mendel
Ralf R
RR
Webb
Michael E
ME
Smith
Alison G
AG
Warren
Martin J
MJ
D003067:Coenzymes / Q000502:physiology*; D008667:Metalloproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D000090006:Molybdenum Cofactors; D010205:Pantothenic Acid / Q000502:physiology*; D011621:Pteridines; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000502:physiology*; D014803:Vitamin B Complex / Q000502:physiology*
D003067:Coenzymes; D008667:Metalloproteins; D000090006:Molybdenum Cofactors; D010205:Pantothenic Acid; D011621:Pteridines; D014805:Vitamin B 12; D014803:Vitamin B Complex; C022261:molybdopterin