title: Outbreak of surgical infection caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria in breast implants in Brazil.
abstract: We investigated an outbreak caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) related to breast implant surgery in the city of Campinas, Brazil, by means of a retrospective cohort and molecular epidemiological study. A total of 492 records of individuals having breast surgery in 12 hospitals were evaluated. Twelve isolates were analysed using four different molecular typing methods. There were 14 confirmed cases, 14 possible cases and one probable case. One probable, nine possible and 12 confirmed cases were included in a cohort study; all occurred in eight of the hospitals and the confirmed cases in five. Univariate analysis showed that patients who had had breast reconstruction surgery in hospitals A and B were more likely to have NTM infections. No risk factor was independently associated with NTM infection in the multivariate model. The isolates obtained from patients at each hospital showed different molecular patterns, excluding isolates from hospital C that repeatedly showed the same genotype for approximately one year. In conclusion, this outbreak was caused by polyclonal strains at different institutions, and in one hospital a unique genotype caused most cases. No specific risk factors were found.
authors: Centro de Vigilância Epidemiológica Prof. Alexandre Vranjac, State Health Department, Hospital Infection Division, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: M C
authors: MC
authors: Padoveze
authors: C M C B
authors: CM
authors: Fortaleza
authors: M P
authors: MP
authors: Freire
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Brandão de Assis
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Madalosso
authors: A C G
authors: AC
authors: Pellini
authors: M L V
authors: ML
authors: César
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Pisani Neto
authors: M M
authors: MM
authors: Beltramelli
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Chimara
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Ferrazoli
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: da Silva Telles
authors: J L M
authors: JL
authors: Sampaio
authors: S C
authors: SC
authors: Leão
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D019928:Breast Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009164:Mycobacterium Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial