title: Breast cancer risk in patients with breast pain in Accra, Ghana.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the risk of breast cancer in patients presenting with breast pain in Accra, Ghana.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A self-referral breast clinic in Accra, Ghana.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with breast pain as a presenting complaint, between January 2001 and December 2005.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were investigated by triple assessment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 447 patients with pain, 322 as the only symptom and 125 in addition to other symptoms like breast lump and nipple discharge. Patients with pain only were found to have no detectable abnormality 203 (63%) and fibroadenosis 78 (24.2%) as the most common diagnoses. Breast cancer was found in four (1.24%) of them, all of whom had abnormality on clinical breast examination. In patients with pain as well as other symptoms the common diagnoses were fibroadenosis 25 (20%), breast cancer 20 (16%) and normal 18 (14.4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk of breast cancer is significantly higher in patients presenting with breast pain in addition to other symptoms, compared to patients with breast pain as the only symptom (16% and 1.24% respectively P < 0.0001). Patients with breast pain should always have breast examination and not simply reassured. Women should be encouraged to do breast self examination.
authors: Department of Surgery, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, University of Ghana Medical School, P.O. Box 4236, Accra, Ghana.
authors: J N A
authors: JN
authors: Clegg-Lamptey
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Edusa
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Ohene-Oti
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Tagoe
mesh_terms: D000232:Adenofibroma / Q000175:diagnosis; D000293:Adolescent; D000368:Aged; D001940:Breast / Q000473:pathology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018567:Breast Neoplasms, Male / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D016504:Breast Self-Examination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005869:Ghana; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors