[Affecting factors for height of adjacent gingival papilla of maxillary central incisor single implant].
OBJECTIVE
To analyze and find factors affecting the height of adjacent gingival papilla of maxillary central incisor single implant in human in order to promote the esthetic result of dental implants.


METHODS
Sixteen maxillary central incisor single implants of 16 patients and 30 sites of adjacent tissues and prosthesis were evaluated. Data on the height of adjacent gingival papilla of dental implant and relative factors were obtained from clinical parameters, photographs, research models, and X radiographs.


RESULTS
The mean and standard deviation of adjacent gingival papilla height of maxillary central incisor single implant were (4.01 +/- 1.85) mm. Statistical analysis revealed that factors affecting the height of adjacent gingival papilla of implant were as following from strong to weak: vertical distance between contact point and gingival margin, vertical distance between proximal bone level of natural tooth and implant abutment, vertical distance between proximal bone level of natural tooth and contact point, proximal protruding degree of crown, horizontal distance between abutment and root, length ratio of the crown and fixture, vertical distance between proximal bone level of implant and abutment, lip-side protruding degree of crown, probing depth.


CONCLUSIONS
Multiple factors affected the height of adjacent gingival papilla of maxillary central incisor single implant in human.
Zhang
Xue-jing
XJ
Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
Su
Yu-cheng
YC
Sha
Yue-qin
YQ
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000601:surgery; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult