title: Up-regulation of tau, a brain microtubule-associated protein, in lens cortical fractions of aged alphaA-, alphaB-, and alphaA/B-crystallin knockout mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Alpha-crystallin is expressed at high levels in the lens in a complex of alphaA- and alphaB-crystallin subunits in 3:1 molar ratios, and is known to maintain the solubility of unpolymerized tubulin and enhance the resistance of microtubules to depolymerization, but its effect on proteins classically associated with microtubule stability (microtubule associated proteins) in the lens is unknown. In the present study we examined the expression of the brain microtubule associated protein tau in lenses of alpha-crystallin gene knockout mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quantitative RT-PCR, immunoblotting, cryo-immunoelectron microscopic and immunohistochemical methods were used to characterize the expression of tau in the lenses of alphaA(-/-)-, alphaB(-/-)-, and alphaA/B(-/-)-crystallin mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunoreactivity to tau, a 45-66 kDa brain microtubule associated protein that has been best characterized in neurons and neuronal pathologies, was uniquely upregulated in lens cortical fiber cells with aging and was associated with the microtubule fraction of alphaA(-/-)-, alphaB(-/-)-, and alphaA/B(-/-)-crystallin mouse lenses, but was undetectable in wild type lenses. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis further showed an upregulation of tau transcripts in alphaA(-/-)- and alphaA/B(-/-)-crystallin lenses. Brain microtubule fractions served as a positive control for tau in these experiments. An increase in phosphorylation of tau was detected in alphaA(-/-)- and alphaB(-/-)-crystallin brain proteins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although tau aggregation and alphaB-crystallin expression have been shown to increase in neurodegenerative diseases, surprisingly tau expression increases in the alpha-crystallin knockout lenses, suggesting that alphaA- and alphaB-crystallins are potentially important regulators of tau expression in lens.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors: Fang
authors: F
authors: Bai
authors: Jing-hua
authors: JH
authors: Xi
authors: Usha P
authors: UP
authors: Andley
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007904:Lens Cortex, Crystalline / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D010766:Phosphorylation; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015854:Up-Regulation; D038202:alpha-Crystallin A Chain / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D038203:alpha-Crystallin B Chain / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D038202:alpha-Crystallin A Chain; D038203:alpha-Crystallin B Chain; D016875:tau Proteins