title: Prenatal alcohol exposure and cryptorchidism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A recently published study reported markedly increased risk of cryptorchidism among boys whose mothers had an average gestational alcohol intake of five or more drinks per week. The aim of this study is to follow up on this finding by estimating the association between prenatal alcohol exposure and persistent cryptorchidism.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used prospectively collected information on prenatal exposures and obstetric information on the birth of 5716 boys, collected from 1984 to 1987. During the 16-19 years of follow-up in a nationwide patient register, 270 cases of cryptorchidism were diagnosed and 185 of these boys underwent orchiopexy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No positive association between the mothers' average weekly alcohol consumption and persistent cryptorchidism was observed. Binge drinking was nonsignificantly associated with an excess risk of orchiopexy (adjusted RR = 1.4; 95% CI 0.9-2.1), but not with having a diagnosis of cryptorchidism without orchiopexy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mothers' average weekly alcohol intake was not associated with persistent cryptorchidism, but binge drinking may be a risk factor.
authors: Department of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark. morten@sondergaard-jensen.dk
authors: M S
authors: MS
authors: Jensen
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Bonde
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Olsen
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D003718:Denmark; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D008499:Medical Records; D011247:Pregnancy; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires