title: [Mutations of short tandem repeat loci in Identifiler system].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore and analyze the mutations of 15 Short Tandem Repeat (STR) loci using Identifiler system in paternity identification.
  
  
  METHODS
  2712 cases of paternity testing were carried out using Identifiler PCR Amplification Kit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 2362 paternity testing cases, mutations of single locus were observed in 51 cases. The mutation loci included D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, D18S51, D5S818 and FGA, with the D21S11 locus having a highest mutation rate (0.369%). Thirty-six of the STR mutations were from paternal source, 7 from maternal source, and the rest (9) were undeterminable. The mutation rates at D21S11 were highest (0.369%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mutations of STR loci are relatively common in human genome. Therefore, retesting of additional relatively stable STR loci with lower mutation rates is necessary when one or two loci exclusions are encountered in paternity testing.
authors: Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, PR China, Shanghai 200063, China. qzjdzx@163.com
authors: Zhen-min
authors: ZM
authors: Zhao
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Lin
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting / Q000379:methods; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis / Q000379:methods; D005554:Forensic Medicine / Q000379:methods; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D010334:Paternity; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics*