Elevated serum levels of adiponectin in children, adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes and the impact of age, gender, body mass index and metabolic control: a longitudinal study.
OBJECTIVE
Adiponectin plays an important role in pathophysiology of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine adiponectin concentrations in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in a longitudinal manner and to study the impact of age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and metabolic control.


METHODS
In this study, 88 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes were followed longitudinally. At baseline and during follow-up, serum levels of adiponectin were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay and correlated with clinical data, HbA1c and lipids. Healthy children (n = 259) were chosen as a control group.


RESULTS
Serum adiponectin levels were significantly higher in children with type 1 diabetes compared with healthy children (13.1 vs 9.1 microg/ml at baseline, P < 0.001). Adiponectin concentrations inversely correlated with BMI s.d.s (P < 0.001). No significant difference of adiponectin levels regarding gender, diabetes duration or HbA1c was seen. Adiponectin concentrations decreased in males with type 1 diabetes during puberty (P = 0.03) while there was no significant change in females. In a subgroup of patients with new onset type 1 diabetes, adiponectin concentrations were not different from adiponectin levels in control subjects but increased during follow-up (P = 0.007). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that most important predictors of adiponectin levels in type 1 diabetes at the end of the study were adiponectin concentration at baseline (beta = 0.574, P < 0.001) and BMI s.d.s (beta = -0.302, P = 0.001, r2 = 0.56).


CONCLUSIONS
Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes have BMI-dependent elevated serum concentrations of adiponectin compared with healthy children.
Galler
Angela
A
University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Oststr. 21-25, D-04317 Leipzig, Germany. angela.galler@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
Gelbrich
Götz
G
Kratzsch
Jürgen
J
Noack
Nicole
N
Kapellen
Thomas
T
Kiess
Wieland
W
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors
C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D008055:Lipids