title: Kerteszia subgenus of Anopheles associated with the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest:current knowledge and future challenges.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Atlantic rainforest ecosystem, where bromeliads are abundant, provides an excellent environment for Kerteszia species, because these anophelines use the axils of those plants as larval habitat. Anopheles (K.) cruzii and Anopheles (K.) bellator are considered the primary vectors of malaria in the Atlantic forest. Although the incidence of malaria has declined in some areas of the Atlantic forest, autochthonous cases are still registered every year, with Anopheles cruzii being considered to be a primary vector of both human and simian Plasmodium.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recent publications that addressed ecological aspects that are important for understanding the involvement of Kerteszia species in the epidemiology of malaria in the Atlantic rainforest in the Neotropical Region were analysed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current state of knowledge about Kerteszia species in relation to the Atlantic rainforest ecosystem was discussed. Emphasis was placed on ecological characteristics related to epidemiological aspects of this group of mosquitoes. The main objective was to investigate biological aspects of the species that should be given priority in future studies.
authors: Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Dr, Arnaldo 715, São Paulo-SP, 01246-904, Brazil. mmarelli@usp.br
authors: Mauro Toledo
authors: MT
authors: Marrelli
authors: Rosely S
authors: RS
authors: Malafronte
authors: Maria Am
authors: MA
authors: Sallum
authors: Delsio
authors: D
authors: Natal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D001938:Brazil; D017753:Ecosystem; D007303:Insect Vectors; D008288:Malaria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission