title: Effect of an experimental 4% titanium tetrafluoride varnish on dental erosion by a soft drink.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This in vitro study assessed the effect of an experimental 4%TiF(4) varnish on enamel erosion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty bovine enamel blocks were randomly allocated to each type of varnish: Duraphat-D (NaF, 2.26%F), Duofluorid-F (NaF, 2.71% F), TiF(4)-T (2.45%F) and no-fluoride-P. After application of the varnishes, the blocks were subjected to six sequential pH cycles (cola drink for 10 min and artificial saliva for 50 min, each) per day, during 4 days. After the pH cycles, the blocks were maintained in artificial saliva for 18 h. Enamel alterations were determined in the 2nd and 4th days, using profilometry (wear) and microhardness (%SMHC) tests. Data were tested using ANOVA and Tukey's tests (p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean %SMHC (+/-S.D.) at the 2nd and 4th day was, respectively, D (-77.26+/-5.04a and -88.59+/-5.11A), F (-76.79+/-7.82a and -88.78+/-6.10A), T (-88.28+/-3.19b and -92.04+/-2.54A,B) and P (-87.96+/-2.23b and -94.15+/-1.14B). The mean wear (microm+/-S.D.) at the 2nd and 4th day was, respectively, D (3.16+/-0.32a and 7.56+/-0.90A), F (3.35+/-0.78a,b and 7.92+/-0.98A), T (3.81+/-0.43b and 7.69+/-0.76A) and P (3.43+/-1.13a,b and 7.31+/-0.53A).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The NaF varnishes reduced the softening, but had no effect on the reduction of the wear. The TiF4 varnish was not able to reduce the softening and wear.
authors: School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
authors: A C
authors: AC
authors: Magalhães
authors: F H
authors: FH
authors: Stancari
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Rios
authors: M A R
authors: MA
authors: Buzalaf
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002417:Cattle; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005459:Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006244:Hardness; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D011897:Random Allocation; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014025:Titanium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: C526357:Duofluorid-F; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; C023807:sodium fluoride topical preparation; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D014025:Titanium; D005459:Fluorides; C032240:titanium tetrafluoride