A novel phenol-bound pectic polysaccharide from Decalepis hamiltonii with multi-step ulcer preventive activity.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate H(+), K(+)-ATPase inhibition, anti-H pylori, antioxidant, and the in vivo antiulcer potential of a pectic polysaccharide from Swallow root (Decalepis hamiltonii; SRPP).


METHODS
SRPP, with known sugar composition [rhamnose: arabinose: xylose: galactose in the ratio of 16:50:2:32 (w/w), with 141 mg/g of uronic acid] was examined for anti-ulcer potency in vivo against swim/ethanol stress-induction in animal models. Ulcer index, antioxidant/antioxidant enzymes, H(+), K(+)-ATPase and gastric mucin levels were determined to assess the anti-ulcer potency. Anti-H pylori activity was also determined by viable colony count and electron microscopic studies.


RESULTS
SRPP, containing phenolics at 0.12 g GAE/g, prevented stress-induced gastric ulcers in animal models by 80%-85%. Down regulation of gastric mucin 2-3 fold, antioxidant/antioxidant enzymes and upregulation of 3 fold of H(+), K(+)-ATPase in ulcerous animals were normalized upon treatment with SRPP. Histopathological analysis revealed protection to the disrupted gastric mucosal layer and epithelial glands. SRPP also inhibited H(+), K(+)-ATPase in vitro, at an IC(50) of 77 microg/mL as opposed to that of 19.3 microg/mL of Lansoprazole and H pylori growth at Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 150 microg/mL. In addition, free radical scavenging (IC(50)-40 microg/mL) and reducing power (3200 U/g) activities were also observed.


CONCLUSIONS
SRPP, with defined sugar composition and phenolics, exhibited multi-potent free radical scavenging, antioxidant, anti-H pylori, inhibition of H(+), K(+)-ATPase and gastric mucosal protective activities. In addition, SRPP is non-toxic as opposed to other known anti-ulcer drugs, and therefore may be employed as a potential alternative for ulcer management.
Srikanta
B  M
B
Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, CFTRI, Mysore -570020, Karnataka, India.
Siddaraju
M  N
M
Dharmesh
S  M
S
D000818:Animals; D029062:Apocynaceae; D000431:Ethanol; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects; D009077:Mucins / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
D009077:Mucins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D000431:Ethanol; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase