Comparative toxicity of the phytotoxins (8R,16R)-(-)-pyrenophorin and (5S,8R,13S,16R)-(-)-pyrenophorol on aquatic organisms.
The acute toxicities of the fungal phytotoxins (8R,16R)-(-)-pyrenophorin and (5S,8R,13S,16R)-(-)-pyrenophorol on Vibrio fischeri, Oscillatoria perornata, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Lemna minor and Artemia fransiscana were evaluated. (8R,16R)-(-)-pyrenophorin was more toxic than (5S,8R,13S,16R)-(-)-pyrenophorol to V. fischeri, O. perornata, L. minor and A. fransiscana. The highest acute toxicity of (8R,16R)-(-)-pyrenophorin was exhibited on V. fischeri (5 min median effective concentration of 3.57 M 10(-5)) whereas the corresponding value for (5S,8R,13S,16R)-(-)-pyrenophorol was 801 M 10(-5). P. subcapitata exhibited a lack of sensitivity (median inhibitory concentration of >10 M 10(-5)) to both phytotoxins.
Chrysayi-Tokousbalides
M
M
Pesticide Science Laboratory, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 118 55 Athens, Greece. mchrys@aua.gr
Machera
K
K
Kyriakopoulou
K
K
Aliferis
K A
KA
Schrader
K K
KK
Tsoutsanis
I
I
Anastasiadou
P
P
D000818:Animals; D029064:Araceae / Q000187:drug effects*; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D007659:Ketones / Q000633:toxicity*; D007783:Lactones / Q000633:toxicity; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity
D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D007659:Ketones; D007783:Lactones; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C509954:pyrenophorol; C013228:pyrenophorin