Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease feelings of anger in substance abusers.
It has been suggested that low levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a role in the pathophysiology of some psychiatric disorders. In light of the existence of strong associations between high-frequency and high-severity aggressive behaviors and substance use disorders and of our observation that substance abusers have poor dietary habits, the possibility that the administration of supplements of n-3 PUFAs would decrease their anger levels was explored. A lifelong history of aggressive behaviors and problems with the law was obtained in 24 patients. Thirteen patients received on a daily basis capsules containing 3 g of n-3 PUFAs (EPA+DHA). Eleven patients received placebo capsules. The trial was double-blind, randomized, and lasted 3 months. An anger scale was administered at baseline and every month thereafter. Six PUFA group patients and eight placebo group patients were followed for an additional 3 months after treatment discontinuation. Four patients in each group had a history of assaultive behavior. The baseline fish and n-3 PUFA intakes of these eight patients were significantly lower than those of the non-aggressive patients. When given for 3 months, n-3 PUFAs were superior to placebo in diminishing anger scores. Scores remained decreased for 3 months following treatment discontinuation. These data provide further support for emerging evidence indicating that supplementation with long-chain n-3 PUFAs could be beneficial in the treatment of some individuals with aggressive tendencies.
Buydens-Branchey
Laure
L
Research Service (151/BK), VA New York Harbor Healthcare System - Brooklyn Campus, 800 Poly Place, Brooklyn, NY, 11209, USA. lbuydens@worldnet.att.net
Branchey
Marc
M
D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects*; D000786:Anger; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019260:Expressed Emotion / Q000187:drug effects*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid