title: Prevalence of lower airway diseases in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  There is high prevalence of lower airway diseases in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and frequently co-existing lower airway diseases have not been diagnosed before.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the prevalence of lower airway diseases in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-three consecutive patients with chronic rhinosinusitis were enrolled in this prospective study. With routine physical examination, spirometry and methacholine bronchial provocation test were performed and chest simple radiograph or chest computed tomography was taken.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty patients (41.1%) had lower airway diseases. There were 8 patients with asthma, 5 with asymptomatic bronchial hyperresponsiveness, 11 with small airway disease, 2 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 4 with bronchiectasis. Of these 30 patients, 21 patients (70.0%) were first diagnosed as having lower airway diseases in this study.
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Hyo Yeol
authors: HY
authors: Kim
authors: Yoon Kyoung
authors: YK
authors: So
authors: Hun-Jong
authors: HJ
authors: Dhong
authors: Seung Kyu
authors: SK
authors: Chung
authors: Dong-Chull
authors: DC
authors: Choi
authors: Nam-Hee
authors: NH
authors: Kwon
authors: Mi-Jung
authors: MJ
authors: Oh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001982:Bronchial Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010808:Physical Examination; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications*; D011859:Radiography; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000150:complications*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000150:complications*; D013147:Spirometry