The preoperative use of gabapentin, dexamethasone, and their combination in varicocele surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
We investigated the effects of gabapentin and dexamethasone given together or separately 1 h before the start of surgery on laryngoscopy, tracheal intubation, intraoperative hemodynamics, opioid consumption, and postoperative pain in patients undergoing varicocele operations.


METHODS
Patients were randomly divided into four double-blind groups: group C (control, n = 20) received placebo, group G (gabapentin, n = 20) received 800 mg gabapentin, group D (dexamethasone, n = 20) received 8 mg dexamethasone, group GD (gabapentin plus dexamethasone) received both 800 mg gabapentin and 8 mg dexamethasone IV 1 h before the start of surgery. Standard induction and maintenance of anesthesia were accomplished and continued by propofol and remifentanil infusion. Heart rate and arterial blood pressure were recorded before induction and after intubation. Intraoperative total remifentanil consumption was recorded. Hemodynamic variables and visual analog scale were recorded for 24 h. Side effects were noted.


RESULTS
Hemodynamics at 1, 3, 5, and 10 min after tracheal intubation, total remifentanil consumption during surgery, postoperative visual analog scale scores at 30 min, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 12 h, and postoperative nausea and vomiting were found to be significantly lower in group GD than in group G and group D (P < 0.05 for both), and substantially lower when compared with group C (P < 0.001). All values in group C were also higher than in groups G and D (P < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Gabapentin and dexamethasone administered together an hour before varicocele surgery results in less laryngeal and tracheal intubation response, improves postoperative analgesia, and prevents postoperative nausea and vomiting better than individual administration of each drug.
Koç
Serhat
S
Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey.
Memis
Dilek
D
Sut
Necdet
N
D000328:Adult; D000588:Amines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D000077206:Gabapentin; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011300:Preoperative Care; D000077208:Remifentanil; D014646:Varicocele / Q000601:surgery*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D000588:Amines; D000700:Analgesics; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D010880:Piperidines; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D000077206:Gabapentin; D003907:Dexamethasone; D000077208:Remifentanil; D010100:Oxygen