title: Derivation of orthogonal leads from the 12-lead electrocardiogram. Performance of an atrial-based transform for the derivation of P loops.
abstract: The objective of this study was the evaluation of the accuracy of Dower inverse transform for the derivation of the P wave in orthogonal leads. We tested the accuracy of Dower transform on the P wave and compared it with a P-wave-optimized transform in a database of 123 simultaneous recordings of electrocardiograms and vectorcardiograms. This new transform achieved a lower error when we compared derived vs true measured P waves (mean +/- SD, 12.2 +/- 8.0 VRMS) than Dower transform (14.4 +/- 9.5 Root mean squared voltage) and higher correlation values (Rx, 0.93 +/- 0.12; Ry, 0.90 +/- 0.27; Rz, 0.91 +/- 0.18; vs Dower: Rx, 0.88 +/- 0.15; Ry, 0.91 +/- 0.26; Rz, 0.85 +/- 0.23). We conclude that derivation of orthogonal leads for the P wave can be improved by using an atrial-based transform matrix.
authors: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. mguisan@eln.upv.es
authors: M Salud
authors: MS
authors: Guillem
authors: Alan V
authors: AV
authors: Sahakian
authors: Steven
authors: S
authors: Swiryn
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014672:Vectorcardiography / Q000379:methods*