title: Prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma presenting as a urethral polyp: a clinicopathological study of eight cases of a lesion with the potential to be misdiagnosed as a benign prostatic urethral polyp.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Centrally located prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma can present as a single urethral polyp mimicking a benign polyp. Such lesions have not been formally studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical findings of eight cases were analysed. Patients (mean age 76 years) presented with urinary symptoms and haematuria. Mean serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 7.01 ng/mL (range 1.04-21). Single small polyps were seen on cystourethroscopy with a clinical diagnosis of benign polyps. The most common architectural patterns were cribriform and papillary. Five cases had mild cytological atypia, three of which were initially diagnosed as benign prostatic urethral polyps. All cases were positive for PSA and 34betaE12. Seven cases tested were positive for AMACR (a-methylacyl-CoA racemase), p63 and cytokeratin (CK) 7 and 70% for CK20. Proliferative activity defined as Ki-67 labelling index was high (mean 26%, range 20-35%). Adenocarcinoma, predominantly ductal, was found in other specimens in four patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Centrally located prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma has the propensity to mimic benign urethral polyps clinically and histopathologically. Basal cell immunostaining may not help with this distinction but AMACR is useful. Prominent glandular complexity including cribriform patterns, nuclear pseudostratification, at least mild atypia and a high Ki-67 index distinguish these lesions from prostatic urethral polyps.
authors: Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, 134 Whitmore Street, Taringa, Brisbane, Queensland 4068, Australia. hema_samaratunga@snp.com.au
authors: Hemamali
authors: H
authors: Samaratunga
authors: Bernadette
authors: B
authors: Letizia
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011127:Polyps / Q000473:pathology*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014521:Urethra / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen