title: Impact of dose rate on clinical course in uveal melanoma after brachytherapy with ruthenium-106.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been suggested that the actual dose rate of an irradiating source may be a distinct influencing factor for the biological effect after brachytherapy with ruthenium-106 for uveal melanoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate a hypothesized impact of the dose rate on the clinical and echographic course after brachytherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 45 patients were included in this retrospective study. According to the actual dose rate, two groups were defined: group 1 with a dose rate <4 Gy/h and group 2 with a dose rate >or=4 Gy/h. Regarding age, tumor height, basal diameter, scleral and apical dose, differences between the groups were not significant. Clinical parameters, including early and late side effects, and echographic courses were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significantly lower metastatic rate was found in group 2. Using univariate Cox proportional hazards regression, only dose rate predicted metastatic spread significantly (p<0.05), while in a multivariate analysis, using age at the time of treatment, greatest tumor height and greatest basal diameter as covariates, the variable dose rate was of borderline significance (p=0.077). Patients in group 2 had more early side effects and more pronounced visual decline, but these differences were of borderline significance with p-values of 0.072 and 0.064, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that a higher dose rate may confer a lower risk for metastatic spread, but may be associated with more side effects and more pronounced visual decline.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. mossboekg@gmx.net
authors: Georg
authors: G
authors: Mossböck
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Rauscher
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Winkler
authors: Karin S
authors: KS
authors: Kapp
authors: Gerald
authors: G
authors: Langmann
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012429:Ruthenium Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014604:Uveal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D012429:Ruthenium Radioisotopes