title: Tissue engineering of skeletal muscle.
abstract: Loss of skeletal muscle profoundly affects the health and well-being of patients, and there currently is no way to replace lost muscle. We believe that a key step in the development of a prosthesis for reconstruction of dysfunctional muscular tissue is the ability to reconstitute the in vivo-like 3-dimensional (3D) organization of skeletal muscle in vitro with isolated satellite cells. In our present proof of principle studies, we have successfully constructed a multilayered culture of skeletal muscle cells, derived from neonatal satellite cells, that are distributed in a 3D pattern of organization that mimics many of the features of intact tissue. These multilayered cultures are composed of elongated multinucleated myotubes that are MyoD positive. Histological studies indicate that the multiple layers of myotubes can be distinguished. Expression of muscle-specific markers such as myosin heavy chain, dystrophin, integrin alpha-7, alpha-enolase, and beta-enolase was detected using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction at levels near adult values. Physiological measurements of the engineered skeletal muscle showed that they tetanize and display physiologic force length behavior, although developed force per cross-sectional area was below that of native rat skeletal muscle.
authors: Department of Basic Sciences, New York University, New York, New York 10010, USA.
authors: Wentao
authors: W
authors: Yan
authors: Sheela
authors: S
authors: George
authors: Upinder
authors: U
authors: Fotadar
authors: Natalia
authors: N
authors: Tyhovych
authors: Angela
authors: A
authors: Kamer
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Yost
authors: Robert L
authors: RL
authors: Price
authors: Charles R
authors: CR
authors: Haggart
authors: Jeffrey W
authors: JW
authors: Holmes
authors: Louis
authors: L
authors: Terracio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002469:Cell Separation; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate / Q000378:metabolism; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D005782:Gels; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007537:Isometric Contraction; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017570:MyoD Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D010590:Phalloidine / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D032496:Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014343:Trypan Blue / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D003470:Culture Media; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005782:Gels; D017570:MyoD Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D010590:Phalloidine; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; D014343:Trypan Blue