title: Immunomodulatory activity of an extract of the novel fungal endophyte Entrophospora infrequens isolated from Nothapodytes foetida (Wight) Sleumer.
abstract: A novel camptothecin-producing endophytic fungus viz., Entrophospora infrequens was isolated from an important Indian medicinal plant Nothapodytes foetida. The present study reports evaluation ofbioactivities of two novel extracts viz., chloroform (CEEI) and methanolic (MEEI) extracts of Entrophospora infrequens with respect to their immunomodulatory potential in vitro and in vivo (in Balb/c mice). The endophyte E. infrequens was found to synthesize camptothecin, which tested positive in CEEI. The immunomodulatory potential of CEEI and MEEI was compared with standard camptothecin (CPT). Doses of the chloroform extract (CEEI) ranging from 12.5-100 mg/kg body weight, significantly (p < 0.05) stimulated the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in a dose-dependent manner. MEEI on the other hand significantly (p < 0.05) stimulated the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction (by nearly 80%), plaque forming cell (PFC) assay (33%), phagocytic response (38%) and haemagglutination antibody (HA) titre [IgM by 79.07% and IgG by 62.05%] at a dose of 12.5 mg/kg body weight. The present study is the first report of the immunomodulatory potential of this neoteric camptothecin-producing endophyte from Nothapodytes foetida.
authors: Division of Natural Products Chemistry, Regional Research Laboratory (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India. purisc2004@yahoo.com
authors: S C
authors: SC
authors: Puri
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Amna
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Khajuria
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Gupta
authors: Rajesh
authors: R
authors: Arora
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Spiteller
authors: G N
authors: GN
authors: Qazi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002725:Chloroform; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D000432:Methanol; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010587:Phagocytosis; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000382:microbiology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D007155:Immunologic Factors; D002725:Chloroform; D002166:Camptothecin; D000432:Methanol