title: Stability in plasmas of various species of HPMA copolymer-PGE1 conjugates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the stability of HPMA copolymer-prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) conjugates in plasmas of different species and to identify the enzymes responsible for the cleavage of the ester bond.
  
  
  METHODS
  The conjugates were incubated in human, rat, and mouse plasma at 37 degrees C in the presence and absence of specific esterase inhibitors. The released PGE(1) was analyzed using an HPLC assay. To evaluate the effect of the conformation of the conjugate on the rate of PGE(1) release, its structure was modified by the attachment of hydrophobic side chains.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rate of PGE(1) release was strongly species dependent. Whereas the conjugate was stable in human plasma, the PGE(1) release in rat or mouse plasma was substantial. In rat plasma, the ester bond cleavage was mainly catalyzed by butyrylcholinesterase; in mouse plasma, in addition to butyrylcholinesterase, carboxylesterase also contributed to the cleavage. The formation of compact polymer coils stabilized the ester bond.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HPMA copolymer-PGE(1) conjugates are strong candidates as novel therapeutics for the treatment of osteoporosis. The observed species differences in plasma stability of ester bonds are of importance, because the ovariectomized rat model is recommended by the FDA for pre-clinical evaluation.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
authors: Huaizhong
authors: H
authors: Pan
authors: Pavla
authors: P
authors: Kopecková
authors: Jihua
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: Dong
authors: D
authors: Wang
authors: Scott C
authors: SC
authors: Miller
authors: Jindrich
authors: J
authors: Kopecek
mesh_terms: D000527:Alprostadil / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000097:blood; D043182:Carboxylesterase / Q000097:blood; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004355:Drug Stability; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004950:Esterases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007700:Kinetics; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D015394:Molecular Structure; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012995:Solubility; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008689:Methacrylates; D004950:Esterases; D043182:Carboxylesterase; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase; D000527:Alprostadil; C032802:hydroxypropyl methacrylate