title: Long-term results of prospective trial of surgery alone with selective use of radiation for patients with T1 extremity and trunk soft tissue sarcomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a prospective trial to define the local recurrence rates for selected patients with T1 soft tissue sarcomas (STS) treated by surgery alone.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Retrospective data suggest that some patients with small STS can be safely treated by surgery alone. There are no defined criteria to select patients for such treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with T1 primary STS were treated with function-preserving surgery and microscopic assessment of surgical margins. Postoperative external-beam radiation was employed selectively for patients with microscopically positive (R1) final surgical margins. Patients who underwent resection with microscopically negative (R0) final margins did not receive radiotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-eight eligible and evaluable patients were entered on this protocol between March 1996 and April 2002. Tumor sites included the extremities (n=60), and trunk (n=26). Fifty-one patients (58%) had high-grade STS; 60 (68%) had superficial (T1a) disease. Fourteen patients (16%) underwent R1 resection and were treated with postoperative radiation; 74 (84%) underwent R0 resection and were treated by surgery alone. The median follow-up was 75 months. Isolated local recurrences were observed in 11 patients (13%; 6 in R1 arm, 5 in R0 arm). In the R0 surgery-alone arm, the cumulative incidence rates of local recurrence at 5 and 10 years were 7.9% and 10.6%, respectively; and the 5- and 10-year sarcoma-specific death rates were 3.2% and 3.2%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Selected patients with primary T1 STS of the extremity and trunk can be treated by R0 surgery alone with acceptable local control and excellent long-term survival.
authors: Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030-4095, USA. ppisters@mdanderson.org
authors: Peter W T
authors: PW
authors: Pisters
authors: Raphael E
authors: RE
authors: Pollock
authors: Valerae O
authors: VO
authors: Lewis
authors: Alan W
authors: AW
authors: Yasko
authors: Janice N
authors: JN
authors: Cormier
authors: Paula M
authors: PM
authors: Respondek
authors: Barry W
authors: BW
authors: Feig
authors: Kelly K
authors: KK
authors: Hunt
authors: Patrick P
authors: PP
authors: Lin
authors: Gunar
authors: G
authors: Zagars
authors: Caimiao
authors: C
authors: Wei
authors: Matthew T
authors: MT
authors: Ballo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005121:Extremities / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D012983:Soft Tissue Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013899:Thoracic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome