The sensory bladder (1): an update on the different sensations described in the lower urinary tract and the physiological mechanisms behind them.
OBJECTIVE
To give an update of the actual information on sensory function in the lower urinary tract (LUT).


METHODS
We give an up-to-date review of the most modern and reasonable approach to the topic of physiological mechanisms involved in LUT sensory function and different sensations described in the LUT.


RESULTS
Although the sensory function of the LUT is a main player in the function of continence and micturition, it has been dealt with rather superficially for many decades. More recently the interest in this function grows and does so rapidly, both in basic as in clinical research. Sensation depends on neurophysiologic mechanisms in several different nerves, receptors, and transmitters. This knowledge creates a better understanding of sensory symptoms. Different stimuli can elicit sensations in the LUT such as bladder filling, micturition, noxious stimuli, external stimuli.


CONCLUSIONS
Sensation is the prerequisite of conscious bladder control and deserves full attention in the management of LUT dysfunction.
Wyndaele
Jean-Jacques
JJ
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University Antwerp and University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium. Jean-Jacques.Wyndaele@ua.ac.be
De Wachter
Stefan
S
D000344:Afferent Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology*; D053159:Dysuria / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D017288:Pain Threshold; D012677:Sensation; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000294:innervation*; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000503:physiopathology; D014554:Urination