title: Longitudinal patterns of breakfast eating in black and white adolescent girls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to describe the pattern of breakfast eating over time ("breakfast history") and examine its associations with BMI and physical activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  This longitudinal investigation of patterns of breakfast eating included 1,210 black and 1,161 white girls who participated in the 10-year, longitudinal National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS). Three-day food records were collected during annual visits beginning at ages 9 or 10 up to age 19. Linear regression and path analysis were used to estimate the associations between breakfast history, BMI, and physical activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among girls with a high BMI at baseline, those who ate breakfast more often had lower BMI at the end of the study (age 19), compared with those who ate breakfast less often. Path analysis indicated that energy intake and physical activity mediated the association between patterns of breakfast eating over time and BMI in late adolescence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association between regular breakfast consumption over time and moderation of body weight among girls who began the study with relatively high BMI suggests that programs to address overweight in children and adolescents should emphasize the importance of physical activity and eating breakfast consistently.
authors: Northeastern University, Department of Counseling Psychology, 203 Lake Hall, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115-5000, USA.
authors: Ann M
authors: AM
authors: Albertson
authors: Debra L
authors: DL
authors: Franko
authors: Douglas
authors: D
authors: Thompson
authors: Alison L
authors: AL
authors: Eldridge
authors: Nort
authors: N
authors: Holschuh
authors: Sandra G
authors: SG
authors: Affenito
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Bauserman
authors: Ruth H
authors: RH
authors: Striegel-Moore
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000328:Adult; D044383:Black People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D015930:Diet Records; D004435:Eating; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D012044:Regression Analysis; D044465:White People