title: Poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase inhibition improves endothelial dysfunction induced by hypochlorite.
abstract: Reactive oxygen species, such as myeloperoxidase-derived hypochlorite, induce oxidative stress and DNA injury. The subsequent activation of the DNA-damage-poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including ischemia-reperfusion injury, circulatory shock, diabetic complications, and atherosclerosis. We investigated the effect of PARP inhibition on the impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation induced by hypochlorite. In organ bath experiments for isometric tension, we investigated the endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasorelaxation of isolated rat aortic rings using cumulative concentrations of acetylcholine and sodium nitro-prusside. Endothelial dysfunction was induced by exposing rings to hypochlorite (100-400 microM). In the treatment group, rings were preincubated with the PARP inhibitor INO-1001. DNA strand breaks were assessed by the TUNEL method. Immunohistochemistry was performed for 4-hydroxynonenal (a marker of lipid peroxidation), nitrotyrosine (a marker of nitrosative stress), and poly(ADP-ribose) (an enzymatic product of PARP). Exposure to hypochlorite resulted in a dose-dependent impairment of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation of aortic rings, which was significantly improved by PARP inhibition, whereas the endothelium-independent vasorelaxation remained unaffected. In the hypochlorite groups we found increased DNA breakage, lipidperoxidation, and enhanced nitrotyrosine formation. The hypochloride-induced activation of PARP was prevented by INO-1001. Our results demonstrate that PARP activation contributes to the pathogenesis of hypochlorite-induced endothelial dysfunction, which can be prevented by PARP inhibitors.
authors: The Laboratory of Cardiac Surgery Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. radovitstamas@yahoo.com
authors: Tamás
authors: T
authors: Radovits
authors: Julia
authors: J
authors: Zotkina
authors: Li-Ni
authors: LN
authors: Lin
authors: Timo
authors: T
authors: Bömicke
authors: Rawa
authors: R
authors: Arif
authors: Domokos
authors: D
authors: Gerö
authors: Eszter M
authors: EM
authors: Horváth
authors: Matthias
authors: M
authors: Karck
authors: Csaba
authors: C
authors: Szabó
authors: Gábor
authors: G
authors: Szabó
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity*; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C491685:INO 1001; D007211:Indoles; D016877:Oxidants; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases