Factors associated with recruitment and retention of youth into smoking cessation intervention studies--a review of the literature.
This paper examines factors associated with high levels of recruitment and retention of youth into smoking cessation interventions. Fifty-five articles published from 1976 to June 2004 reported cessation outcomes were analyzed to examine the associations between selected variables and recruitment and retention rates. Studies with participants who smoked < or =5 cigarettes per day (cpd) were more likely to have recruitment rates > or =85%. Yet, studies with participants who smoked > or =6 cpd were more likely to have high retention rates. Studies that did not use incentives were more likely to have retention rates at end of intervention > or =85%. Findings indicate a lack of information reported about recruitment and retention procedures in adolescent tobacco cessation studies. Additional analyses and research need to be conducted to identify successful methods.
Backinger
Cathy L
CL
Tobacco Control Research Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda 20892, USA. backingc@mail.nih.gov
Michaels
Carol N
CN
Jefferson
Anne Marie
AM
Fagan
Pebbles
P
Hurd
Ami L
AL
Grana
Rachel
R
D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D006801:Humans; D010352:Patient Dropouts / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018579:Patient Selection; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*