title: Beta-blockers improve outcomes in kidney disease patients having noncardiac vascular surgery.
abstract: Beta-blockers are known to improve postoperative outcome after major vascular surgery. We studied the effects of beta-blockers in 2126 vascular surgery patients with and without kidney disease followed for 14 years. Creatinine clearance was calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault equation, and kidney function was categorized as Stage 1 for a reference group of 550 patients, Stage 2 with 808 patients, Stage 3 with 627 patients, and combined Stages 4 and 5 with 141 patients. Outcome measures were 30-day and long-term all-cause mortality with a mean follow-up of 6 years. Cox proportional hazards models were used to control cardiovascular risk factors, including propensity for beta-blocker use. In all, 129 (6%) and 1190 (56%) patients died respectively. Mortality rates were three- and two-fold higher, respectively, for patients at Stages 3-5 compared to the reference group for the two outcomes. beta-Blocker use was significantly associated with a lower risk of mortality after surgery. The overall adjusted hazard ratio was 0.35 and 0.62, respectively, for individuals at Stages 3-5 compared to the reference group for 30-day and long-term mortality. This study shows that kidney function is a predictor of all-cause mortality and beta-blocker use is associated with a lower risk of death in kidney disease patients undergoing elective vascular surgery.
authors: Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors: G M J M
authors: GM
authors: Welten
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Chonchol
authors: S E
authors: SE
authors: Hoeks
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Schouten
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Bax
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Dunkelgrün
authors: Y R B M
authors: YR
authors: van Gestel
authors: H H H
authors: HH
authors: Feringa
authors: R T
authors: RT
authors: van Domburg
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Poldermans
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000401:mortality*
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists