title: Alpha2-adrenoceptors couple to inhibition of R-type calcium currents in myenteric neurons.
abstract: Alpha2-adrenoceptors inhibit Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels throughout the nervous system and Ca2+ channel function is modulated following activation of some G-protein coupled receptors. We studied the specific Ca2+ channel inhibited following alpha2-adrenoceptor activation in guinea-pig small intestinal myenteric neurons. Ca2+ currents (I(Ca2+)) were studied using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques. Changes in intracellular Ca2+ (delta[Ca2+]i) in nerve cell bodies and varicosities were studied using digital imaging where Ca2+ influx was evoked by KCl (60 mmol L(-1)) depolarization. The alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, UK 14 304 (0.01-1 micromol L(-1)) inhibited I(Ca2+) and delta[Ca2+]i; maximum inhibition of I(Ca2+) was 40%. UK 14 304 did not affect I(Ca2+) in the presence of SNX-482 or NiCl2 (R-type Ca2+ channel antagonists). UK 14 304 inhibited I(Ca2+) in the presence of nifedipine, omega-agatoxin IVA or omega-conotoxin, inhibitors of L-, P/Q- and N-type Ca2+ channels. UK 14 304 induced inhibition of I(Ca2+) was blocked by pertussis toxin pretreatment (1 microg mL(-1) for 2 h). Alpha2-adrenoceptors couple to inhibition of R-type Ca2+ channels via a pertussis toxin-sensitive pathway in myenteric neurons. R-type channels may be a target for the inhibitory actions of noradrenaline released from sympathetic nerves on to myenteric neurons.
authors: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and the Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Bian
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Galligan
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D020908:Calcium Channels, R-Type / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009197:Myenteric Plexus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D018341:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D020908:Calcium Channels, R-Type; D018341:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2