title: Retroviral integration site analysis and the fate of transduced clones in an MDR1 gene therapy protocol targeting metastatic breast cancer.
abstract: A clinical study of an MDR1 gene therapy protocol targeting metastatic breast cancer has been conducted in which the patients received high-dose chemotherapy, a transplant of MDR1-transduced autologous CD34(+) cells, and docetaxel. We herein report the molecular results of a 6-year follow-up of an individual in this study (patient 1). HaMDR-transduced cells, which had been initially detected in the peripheral blood of this individual, were found to have gradually decreased. After 10 cycles of docetaxel (days 71-316), MDR1 transgene levels were found to have increased, and then decreased to undetectable levels by day 1461. Thirty-eight MDR1-transduced clones were identified in patient 1, of which 11 showed a retroviral integration in close proximity to genes listed in the Retrovirus Tagged Cancer Gene Database (RTCGD). Four short-life clones in this group were found to harbor retroviral integrations close to the ZFHX1B, NOTCH1, BMI1, or HHEX gene; these genes have been frequently reported in the RTCGD. In addition, a long-lived RTCGD-hit clone, L-34, had a retroviral integration at a position 179 kb upstream of the EVI1 gene. L-34 was detectable on days 327-1154, but became undetectable 3 years after the docetaxel treatments had ceased. An additional three docetaxel-induced long-life clones showed comparable polymerase chain reaction profiles, which were also similar to that of the total MDR1-transduced cells. Our results thus show that docetaxel may have been effective in promoting the expansion of several MDR1-transduced clones in patient 1, but that they persist in the peripheral blood for only a few years.
authors: Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan.
authors: Junko
authors: J
authors: Mitsuhashi
authors: Satomi
authors: S
authors: Tsukahara
authors: Rieko
authors: R
authors: Suzuki
authors: Yumiko
authors: Y
authors: Oh-hara
authors: Saori
authors: S
authors: Nishi
authors: Hiroyo
authors: H
authors: Hosoyama
authors: Kazuhiro
authors: K
authors: Katayama
authors: Kohji
authors: K
authors: Noguchi
authors: Sayuri
authors: S
authors: Minowa
authors: Harumi
authors: H
authors: Shibata
authors: Yoshinori
authors: Y
authors: Ito
authors: Kiyohiko
authors: K
authors: Hatake
authors: Keisuke
authors: K
authors: Aiba
authors: Shunji
authors: S
authors: Takahashi
authors: Yoshikazu
authors: Y
authors: Sugimoto
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D000077143:Docetaxel; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D012190:Retroviridae; D043823:Taxoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016662:Virus Integration
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel