title: A simplified technique for embryo biopsy for preimplantation genetic diagnosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a simplified embryo biopsy method for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Technique and method.
  
  
  METHODS
  A regional hospital in vitro fertilization (IVF) laboratory and private reproductive medicine clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women undergoing IVF and PGD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blastomeres were successfully isolated from day-3 embryos at various stages.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blastomere integrity after biopsy, time of biopsy procedure, and subsequent blastocyst developmental rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty embryos derived from abnormally fertilized oocytes (one pronucleus or three pronuclei) were used for biopsy at four-cell to 10-cell stages (day 3) by a laser zona drilling and assisted hatching micropipette delivery of culture medium inside the zona to push one blastomere out. Biopsies of all embryos using this method were successful. In two cases for PGD, fourteen 6-9-cell and four 3-4-cell stage embryos were successfully biopsied by this method. Ten out of 14 embryos from the 6-9-cell stage developed to hatching or hatched blastocysts. When two hatched blastocysts were vitrified, warmed, and cultured, both reexpanded, showing normal morphologic features.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This technique is easy to learn, less damaging to the embryos, and less time consuming. It can be used for all stages of embryos without damage to either embryos or isolated blastomeres. It is an alternative method for embryo biopsy in PGD.
authors: Houston Fertility Institute, Tomball Regional Hospital, Tomball, Texas 77375, USA. wangweihua11@yahoo.com
authors: Wei-Hua
authors: WH
authors: Wang
authors: Khalied
authors: K
authors: Kaskar
authors: Jimmy
authors: J
authors: Gill
authors: Traci
authors: T
authors: DeSplinter
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D001757:Blastomeres / Q000166:cytology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D011247:Pregnancy; D019836:Preimplantation Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*