title: Pulmonary arteriole muscularization in lambs with diaphragmatic hernia after combined tracheal occlusion/glucocorticoid therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A morphometric study was performed to examine the effects of prenatal glucocorticoids, which were administered 48 hours before birth, on muscularization of small pulmonary arterioles (<60 microm diameter) in lambs with diaphragmatic hernia (DH) after fetal tracheal occlusion (TO).
  
  
  METHODS
  DH was created in 23 fetal sheep at 65 days gestation. TO was performed in 16 of 24 fetuses between 110 and 140 days of gestation; 9 of the fetuses were exposed prenatally to betamethasone (0.5 mg/kg body weight) 48 hours before delivery. Six sham-operated animals served as controls. Sections of paraffin that were embedded in lung tissues were stained with Elastin-Van Gieson, and the percentage of medial wall thickness (MWT) was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of MWT in DH lambs (29.6% +/- 1.9%) was increased compared with sham animals (18.1% +/- 1.3%) and was not different from that of DH/TO animals (30.3% +/- 1.7%). In DH/TO + glucocorticoid lambs, the percentage of MWT (24.6% +/- 1.2%) was significantly lower than in the DH/TO group but was higher than the sham group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In fetuses who underwent prolonged TO therapy for severe DH, prenatal glucocorticoid treatment decreased medial hypertrophy of pulmonary arterioles by approximately 19%. We speculate that such structural changes may have contributed to improve gas exchange that was observed in this model.
authors: Center of Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors: Marcus
authors: M
authors: Davey
authors: Shincy
authors: S
authors: Shegu
authors: Enrico
authors: E
authors: Danzer
authors: Eduardo
authors: E
authors: Ruchelli
authors: Scott
authors: S
authors: Adzick
authors: Alan
authors: A
authors: Flake
authors: Holly L
authors: HL
authors: Hedrick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001160:Arterioles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology; D001623:Betamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006548:Hernia, Diaphragmatic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D008168:Lung / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000196:embryology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012756:Sheep / Q000196:embryology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014135:Tracheal Stenosis / Q000196:embryology
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D001623:Betamethasone