title: Induction of oral tolerance to HSP60 or an HSP60-peptide activates T cell regulation and reduces atherosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  HSP60-specific T cells contribute to the development of the immune responses in atherosclerosis. This can be dampened by regulatory T cells activated via oral tolerance induction, and we explored the effect of oral tolerance induction to HSP60 and the peptide HSP60 (253 to 268) on atherosclerosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HSP60 and HSP60 (253 to 268) were administered orally to LDLr(-/-) mice before induction of atherosclerosis and resulted in a significant 80% reduction in plaque size in the carotid arteries and in a 27% reduction in plaque size at the aortic root. Reduction in plaque size correlated with an increase in CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells in several organs and in an increased expression of Foxp3, CD25, and CTLA-4 in atherosclerotic lesions of HSP60-treated mice. The production of interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta by lymph node cells in response to HSP60 was observed after tolerance induction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral tolerance induction to HSP60 and a small HSP60-peptide leads to an increase in the number of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells, resulting in a decrease in plaque size as a consequence of increased production of IL-10 and TGF-beta. We conclude that these beneficial results of oral tolerance induction to HSP60 and HSP60 (253 to 268) may provide new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
authors: LACDR, Division of Biopharmaceutics, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. puijvelde@chem.leidenuniv.nl
authors: G H M
authors: GH
authors: van Puijvelde
authors: T
authors: T
authors: van Es
authors: E J A
authors: EJ
authors: van Wanrooij
authors: K L L
authors: KL
authors: Habets
authors: P
authors: P
authors: de Vos
authors: R
authors: R
authors: van der Zee
authors: W
authors: W
authors: van Eden
authors: Th J C
authors: TJ
authors: van Berkel
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Kuiper
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000378:metabolism; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D018834:Chaperonin 60; C556707:Ctla4 protein, mouse; D004041:Dietary Fats; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C498833:Foxp3 protein, mouse; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016753:Interleukin-10