title: Mapping functional connectivity in patients with brain lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The spatial distribution of functional connectivity between brain areas and the disturbance introduced by focal brain lesions are poorly understood. Based on the rationale that damaged brain tissue is disconnected from the physiological interactions among healthy areas, this study aimed to map the functionality of brain areas according to their connectivity with other areas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Magnetoencephalography recordings of spontaneous cortical activity during resting state were obtained from 15 consecutive patients with focal brain lesions and from 14 healthy control subjects. Neural activity in the brain was estimated using an adaptive spatial filtering technique. The mean imaginary coherence between brain voxels was then calculated as an index of functional connectivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Imaginary coherence was greatest in the alpha frequency range corresponding to the human cortical idling rhythm. In healthy subjects, functionally critical brain areas such as the somatosensory and language cortices had the highest alpha coherence. When compared with healthy control subjects, all lesion patients had diffuse or scattered brain areas with decreased alpha coherence. Patients with lesion-induced neurological deficits displayed decreased connectivity estimates in the corresponding brain area compared with intact contralateral regions. In tumor patients without preoperative neurological deficits, brain areas showing decreased coherence could be surgically resected without the occurrence of postoperative deficits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Resting state coherence measured with magnetoencephalography is capable of mapping the functional connectivity of the brain, and can therefore offer valuable information for use in planning resective surgeries in patients with brain lesions, as well as investigations into structural-functional relationships in healthy subjects.
authors: Biomagnetic Imaging Lab, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, USA. aguggis@gmail.com
authors: Adrian G
authors: AG
authors: Guggisberg
authors: Susanne M
authors: SM
authors: Honma
authors: Anne M
authors: AM
authors: Findlay
authors: Sarang S
authors: SS
authors: Dalal
authors: Heidi E
authors: HE
authors: Kirsch
authors: Mitchel S
authors: MS
authors: Berger
authors: Srikantan S
authors: SS
authors: Nagarajan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D015225:Magnetoencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000592:standards; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies