title: Novel technique for estimating cerebrovascular permeability demonstrates capsazepine protection following ischemia-reperfusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There has been some discussion as to whether the pial vasculature behaves in the same way as the blood-brain barrier as a whole. Recent studies have shown that capsazepine protects these vessels from the effects of ischemia-reperfusion. We have now used a new method to examine this protection in the whole brain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Horseradish peroxidase concentrations were measured in brain sections and plasma, following starch microsphere induced ischemia, which lasted from 20 to 60 minutes, with 30 minutes reperfusion. The PS product was calculated from the Crone-Renkin equation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Permeability increase, which depended on duration of ischemia, was considerably greater in the pia than the parenchyma. The increase was also greater in tissue surrounding large radial venules of the cortex. Single vessel studies showed that these differences mirror those between small and large pial venules. Capsazepine treatment protected the parenchymal blood-brain barrier by limiting the post-ischemic permeability increase to about one third, but had no effect on the pia or radial vessel permeability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Permeability has been estimated in tissue sections with good spatial resolution using this new technique, which has demonstrated that the TRPV1 receptor plays an important role in the whole brain, not confined to small pial venules.
authors: Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, United Kingdom.
authors: Victoria
authors: V
authors: Gauden
authors: D-E
authors: DE
authors: Hu
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Kurokawa
authors: M H
authors: MH
authors: Sarker
authors: P A
authors: PA
authors: Fraser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; C493922:Trpv1 protein, rat; C071423:capsazepine; D002211:Capsaicin