title: Interaction between anemia and blood levels of iron, zinc, copper, cadmium and lead in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Anemia is a widespread problem among infants and children in many parts of the world, and it is often associated with some trace elements (iron, zinc, copper) and heavy metals (cadmium and lead). Aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between anemia and these elements.
  
  
  METHODS
  This research was performed on 256 children (mean age 6.8 +/- 0.2) living in Denizli city center. We observed iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in 23 children, iron deficiency without anemia (ID) in 36 children and only anemia (ferritin level normal) (OA) in 18 children, and 179 children were found healthy and they were regarded as controls (C). Blood samples were taken from subjects and the concentrations of zinc, copper, iron, cadmium and lead in serum were measured with atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of copper, cadmium and lead in serum were significantly higher in children with IDA than those of controls (p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively). The other elements in the serum of ID were not different from controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High copper, cadmium and lead decreased iron absorption and negatively affected hematological parameters.
authors: Department of Physiology, Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey. sturgut@pau.edu.tr
authors: Sebahat
authors: S
authors: Turgut
authors: Aziz
authors: A
authors: Polat
authors: Murat
authors: M
authors: Inan
authors: Gunfer
authors: G
authors: Turgut
authors: Gulten
authors: G
authors: Emmungil
authors: Mevlut
authors: M
authors: Bican
authors: Tugrul Yasin
authors: TY
authors: Karakus
authors: Osman
authors: O
authors: Genc
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood*; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000097:blood; D002104:Cadmium / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D003300:Copper / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000097:blood*; D015032:Zinc / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements; D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead; D003300:Copper; D007501:Iron; D015032:Zinc