title: Induction of detoxifying enzyme by sesquiterpenes present in Inula helenium.
abstract: Our previous study showed that the methanolic extract of Inula helenium (elecampane) had the potential to induce detoxifying enzymes such as quinine reductase (QR) and glutathione S-transferase. In this study we further fractionated the methanolic extract into hexane-, dichloromethane-, butanol-, and water-soluble fractions according to polarity. The hexane fraction showed the highest QR-inducing activity and also induced glutathione S-transferase in a dose-dependent manner. Its potential to induce the reporter activity suggested an antioxidant response element-mediated mechanism of action in the induction of phase II detoxifying enzymes. Intraperitoneal injection of the hexane fraction of I. helenium into ICR mice caused a significant increase of QR activity in liver, kidney, small intestine, and stomach. Sesquiterpenes, isolated from the hexane fraction, appeared to be major components responsible for QR induction. Among the seven compounds tested in this study, alantolactone, isoalantolactone, and 5alpha-epoxyalantolactone significantly induced QR activity in both Hepa1c1c7 and BPRc1 cells. In conclusion, sesquiterpenes, including alantolactone, isoalantolactone and 5-epoxyalantolactone, present in I. helenium merit further evaluation as chemopreventive agents.
authors: Regional Innovation Center and Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
authors: Soon Sung
authors: SS
authors: Lim
authors: Sun Seong
authors: SS
authors: Im
authors: Ju Ryoung
authors: JR
authors: Kim
authors: Hyun Ae
authors: HA
authors: Lim
authors: Chan Ho
authors: CH
authors: Jang
authors: Young Kyoon
authors: YK
authors: Kim
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Konishi
authors: Eun Ji
authors: EJ
authors: Kim
authors: Jung Han Yoon
authors: JH
authors: Park
authors: Jong-Sang
authors: JS
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D015870:Gene Expression; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006586:Hexanes; D006801:Humans; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D038143:Inula / Q000737:chemistry*; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D050217:Metabolic Detoxication, Phase II; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D020218:Response Elements / Q000235:genetics; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D006586:Hexanes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D008156:Luciferases; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); D005982:Glutathione Transferase