title: Comparing the DNA hypermethylome with gene mutations in human colorectal cancer.
abstract: We have developed a transcriptome-wide approach to identify genes affected by promoter CpG island DNA hypermethylation and transcriptional silencing in colorectal cancer. By screening cell lines and validating tumor-specific hypermethylation in a panel of primary human colorectal cancer samples, we estimate that nearly 5% or more of all known genes may be promoter methylated in an individual tumor. When directly compared to gene mutations, we find larger numbers of genes hypermethylated in individual tumors, and a higher frequency of hypermethylation within individual genes harboring either genetic or epigenetic changes. Thus, to enumerate the full spectrum of alterations in the human cancer genome, and to facilitate the most efficacious grouping of tumors to identify cancer biomarkers and tailor therapeutic approaches, both genetic and epigenetic screens should be undertaken.
authors: Cancer Biology Division, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. kornels@jhmi.edu
authors: Kornel E
authors: KE
authors: Schuebel
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Chen
authors: Leslie
authors: L
authors: Cope
authors: Sabine C
authors: SC
authors: Glöckner
authors: Hiromu
authors: H
authors: Suzuki
authors: Joo-Mi
authors: JM
authors: Yi
authors: Timothy A
authors: TA
authors: Chan
authors: Leander
authors: L
authors: Van Neste
authors: Wim
authors: W
authors: Van Criekinge
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: van den Bosch
authors: Manon
authors: M
authors: van Engeland
authors: Angela H
authors: AH
authors: Ting
authors: Kamwing
authors: K
authors: Jair
authors: Wayne
authors: W
authors: Yu
authors: Minoru
authors: M
authors: Toyota
authors: Kohzoh
authors: K
authors: Imai
authors: Nita
authors: N
authors: Ahuja
authors: James G
authors: JG
authors: Herman
authors: Stephen B
authors: SB
authors: Baylin
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D018899:CpG Islands; D019175:DNA Methylation; D017931:DNA Primers; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers