Genes, fat intake, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in the Quebec Family Study.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to assess gene-diet interaction effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (waist circumference, plasma triacylglycerol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and fasting glucose concentrations, and diastolic and systolic blood pressure) in the Quebec Family Study cohort.


METHODS
Sixty-four polymorphisms from 45 candidate genes were studied in 645 subjects. Dietary fat intake was obtained from a 3-day weighted food record.


RESULTS
We observed 18 significant interactions at a p value <or= 0.01. Among them, the Pro12Ala polymorphism in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, alone or in interaction with fat intake, significantly modulated waist circumference (p = 0.0005 for both effects). Additionally, the apolipoprotein E genotype in interaction with fat intake was significantly associated with diastolic and systolic blood pressure (p = 0.01 and p = 0.001, respectively). The ghrelin Leu72Met polymorphism also interacted with dietary fat in its relation to waist circumference and triacylglycerol concentrations (p = 0.0004 and p = 0.005).


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that several alleles at candidate genes interact with dietary fat intake to modulate well-known CVD risk factors. The identification of gene-diet interaction effects is likely to provide useful information concerning the etiology of CVD.
Robitaille
Julie
J
Lipid Research Center, CHUQ-CHUL, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, TR-93, Ste-Foy, Quebec, Canada G1V 4G2.
Pérusse
Louis
L
Bouchard
Claude
C
Vohl
Marie-Claude
MC
D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D052756:Nutritional Sciences; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011792:Quebec; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors
D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004247:DNA