title: Intake of soluble fibers has a protective role for the presence of metabolic syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dietary factors have been associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) in healthy individuals and specific ethnic groups. To evaluate possible associations of usual dietary factors with the presence of MS in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study, 214 patients with type 2 DM without dietary counseling during previous 6 months were studied. After clinical and laboratory examinations, dietary intake was evaluated by 3-day weighed-diet records, whose reliability was confirmed by 24-h urinary nitrogen output. The presence of MS was defined according to International Diabetes Federation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with MS (n=174) had a lower intake of total (16.7 +/- 6.2 vs 19.5 +/- 6.5 g day(-1); P=0.010) and soluble fibers (5.3 +/- 1.8 vs 6.0 +/- 2.7 g day(-1); P=0.011) than patients without MS. In multiple logistic regression models, adjusted for gender and DM duration, variables associated with MS were soluble fibers (OR=0.86; 95% CI=0.74-0.98; P=0.046), soluble fibers from whole-grain foods (OR=0.43; 95% CI=0.25-0.76; P=0.002) and soluble fibers from fruits (OR=0.76; 95% CI=0.62-0.95; P=0.017). Whole-grain and fruits were the foods negatively associated with MS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intake of soluble fibers, particularly from whole-grain foods and fruits, may have a protective role for the presence of MS in this selected sample of patients with type 2 DM.
authors: Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Steemburgo
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Dall'Alba
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Almeida
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Zelmanovitz
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Gross
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: de Azevedo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy*; D015930:Diet Records; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D014280:Triglycerides