Pharmacokinetic interactions between depot medroxyprogesterone acetate and combination antiretroviral therapy.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of an antiretroviral (ARV) therapy regimen containing zidovudine (AZT), lamivudine (3TC), and efavirenz (EFV) on the pharmacokinetics of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA).


METHODS
Open-label, nonrandomized, clinical trial.


METHODS
University hospital clinic.


METHODS
Thirty HIV-infected women; 15 using ARV therapy (AZT, 3TC, and EFV) and 15 non-users of ARV therapy, followed biweekly for 12 weeks.


METHODS
Single injection of DMPA (150 mg IM) for both groups.


METHODS
Pharmacokinetic parameters of DMPA by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry, and ovulation by serum P.


RESULTS
Maximum serum concentrations of DMPA were reached at 14 days after injection. The area under the curve was similar in both groups, as were the minimum concentration, half-life, and clearance. Only 1 woman, not using ARV therapy, ovulated at 11 weeks after DMPA.


CONCLUSIONS
Pharmacokinetics of DMPA were similar in HIV-infected women, regardless of ARV therapy use, suggesting that triple therapy with AZT, 3TC, and EFV is not likely to interfere with the contraceptive effectiveness of DMPA.
Nanda
Kavita
K
Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. knanda@fhi.org
Amaral
Eliana
E
Hays
Melissa
M
Viscola
Marco A M
MA
Mehta
Neha
N
Bahamondes
Luis
L
D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003280:Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D003280:Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate