Physiological and protein profiles alternation of germinating rice seedlings exposed to acute cadmium toxicity.
Seed germination is a complex physiological process in plants that can be affected severely by heavy metals. The interference of germination by cadmium stress has not been well documented at the proteomic level. In the present study, in order to investigate the protein profile alternations during the germination stage following exposure to cadmium, a proteomic approach has been adopted in combination with morphological and physiological parameters. Seeds were exposed with a wide range of cadmium between 0.2 and 1.0 mM. Increases of cadmium concentration in the medium resulted in increased cadmium accumulation in seeds and TBARS content, whereas germination rate, shoot elongation, biomass, and water content were decreased significantly. Temporal changes of the total proteins were investigated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). Twenty-one proteins were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, which were upregulated at least 1.5-fold in response to cadmium stress. The identified proteins are involved in several processes, including defense and detoxification, antioxidant, protein biosynthesis, and germination processes. The identification of these proteins in the cadmium stress response provides new insight that can lead to a better understanding of the molecular basis of heavy metal responses of seeds at the germination stage.
Ahsan
Nagib
N
Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 & EB-NCRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
Lee
Sang-Hoon
SH
Lee
Dong-Gi
DG
Lee
Hyoshin
H
Lee
Shin Woo
SW
Bahk
Jeong Dong
JD
Lee
Byung-Hyun
BH
D018533:Biomass; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000737:chemistry; D036226:Seedlings / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis
D010940:Plant Proteins; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014867:Water; D019256:Cadmium Chloride