Microbial rhodopsins: scaffolds for ion pumps, channels, and sensors.
Microbial rhodopsins have been intensively researched for the last three decades. Since the discovery of bacteriorhodopsin, the scope of microbial rhodopsins has been considerably extended, not only in view of the large number of family members, but also their functional properties as pumps, sensors, and channels. In this review, we give a short overview of old and newly discovered microbial rhodopsins, the mechanism of signal transfer and ion transfer, and we discuss structural and mechanistic aspects of phototaxis.
Klare
Johann P
JP
Fachbereich Physik, University Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 7, 49069, Osnabrück, Germany.
Chizhov
Igor
I
Engelhard
Martin
M
D001105:Archaea / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D017136:Ion Transport; D007477:Ions; D008954:Models, Biological; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D010777:Photochemistry; D025604:Rhodopsins, Microbial / Q000737:chemistry*; D025603:Sensory Rhodopsins / Q000737:chemistry; D015398:Signal Transduction
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D007477:Ions; D025604:Rhodopsins, Microbial; D025603:Sensory Rhodopsins