title: Inflammatory responses induced by interleukin-17 family members in human colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the potential role of interleukin (IL)-17 family members (IL-17A to IL-17F) in the induction of inflammatory responses in human colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts (SEMFs).
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-1 and MMP-3 were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Northern blotting. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was assessed by immunoblotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-17A and IL-17F significantly enhanced IL-6, IL-8, LIF, MMP-1, and MMP-3 secretion. The effects of IL-17A were relatively stronger than those induced by IL-17F. The effects of IL-17B, IL-17C, IL-17D, and IL-17E were modest as compared with those induced by IL-17A and IL-17F. Both IL-17A and IL-17F augmented IL-1beta-induced secretion of IL-6, IL-8, LIF, MMP-1, and MMP-3. A similar augmentation was also observed in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced cytokine and MMP secretion. IL-17A and IL-17F rapidly induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2, p38 MAPKs, and c-Jun-NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) as early as 15 min after stimulation. Inhibitors for ERK (PD98059 and U0216) and p38 MAPK (SB203580) significantly reduced the IL-17F-induced IL-6, IL-8, LIF, MMP-1, and MMP-3 secretion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among IL-17 family members, IL-17A and IL-17F strongly stimulate human colonic SEMFs, inducing inflammatory responses.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan.
authors: Yuhki
authors: Y
authors: Yagi
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Andoh
authors: Osamu
authors: O
authors: Inatomi
authors: Tomoyuki
authors: T
authors: Tsujikawa
authors: Yoshihide
authors: Y
authors: Fujiyama
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020381:Interleukin-17; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D012313:RNA; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1