title: Mume Fructus water extract inhibits pro-inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages.
abstract: Mume Fructus (Family Rosaceae) is used as a traditional drug and health food in Asian countries. However, its therapeutic mechanisms and effects on macrophage-mediated inflammation remain unknown. In this study we examined the effect of Mume Fructus water extract (MFWE) on pro-inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The investigation focused on whether MFWE inhibited nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PG) E2 productions, as well as the expressions of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, interleukin (IL)-6, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. We found that MFWE inhibited LPS-induced NO, PGE(2), and IL-6 productions as well as the expressions of iNOS and COX-2. Furthermore, MFWE suppressed the LPS-induced phosphorylations of p38 MAPK and extracellular signal-regulated kinase MAPK, as well as IkappaBalpha degradation and NF-kappaB activation. These results suggest that MFWE has inhibitory effects on LPS-induced PGE2, NO, and IL-6 production, as well as the expressions of iNOS and COX-2 in the murine macrophage. These inhibitory effects occur through blockades on the phosphorylation of MAPKs following IkappaBalpha degradation and NF-kappaB activation.
authors: Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hyuk-Joon
authors: HJ
authors: Choi
authors: Ok-Hwa
authors: OH
authors: Kang
authors: Pil-Sang
authors: PS
authors: Park
authors: Hee-Sung
authors: HS
authors: Chae
authors: Yoo-Chang
authors: YC
authors: Oh
authors: Young-Seob
authors: YS
authors: Lee
authors: Jang-Gi
authors: JG
authors: Choi
authors: Go-Hoon
authors: GH
authors: Lee
authors: Oh-Hyun
authors: OH
authors: Kweon
authors: Dong-Yeul
authors: DY
authors: Kwon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027824:Rosaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000093242:Interleukin-6 Inhibitors
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D015232:Dinoprostone; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D010936:Plant Extracts; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D000093242:Interleukin-6 Inhibitors; C000606205:Nfkbia protein, mouse