title: Role of hysteroscopy in evaluating chronic pelvic pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide a survey of various gynecological conditions causing chronic pelvic pain (CPP) that might be diagnosed by hysteroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review article.
  
  
  METHODS
  Departments of obstetrics and gynecology and pathophysiology of human reproduction at a university in Italy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women affected by CPP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hysteroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Effectiveness in diagnosing intrauterine pathologies that cause CPP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hysteroscopy is highly effective in diagnosing various gynecological causes of CPP, including adenomyosis, chronic endometritis, Müllerian anomalies, retained fetal bones, endocervical ossification, and intrauterine abnormalities. Furthermore, hysteroscopy may play a primary role in the resolution of some of these conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because it can be executed safely in an office setting without anesthesia, hysteroscopy may be indicated, together with the other noninvasive procedures such as transvaginal ultrasonography, as a first-level investigation in women who are affected by CPP.
authors: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Pathophysiology of Human Reproduction, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. cdispie@tin.it
authors: Attilio
authors: A
authors: Di Spiezio Sardo
authors: Maurizio
authors: M
authors: Guida
authors: Stefano
authors: S
authors: Bettocchi
authors: Luigi
authors: L
authors: Nappi
authors: Filomena
authors: F
authors: Sorrentino
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Bifulco
authors: Carmine
authors: C
authors: Nappi
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*