title: Immunogenicity and tolerability of inactivated flu vaccine in high risk and healthy children.
abstract: We conducted this open study to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of the inactivated influenza vaccine, Imovax Gripe in 154 children between 6 and 36 months of age at high risk of influenza-related complications, and in a reference group of 64 healthy children. The study was conducted over two flu seasons, in which the vaccine contained the same A strains but different B strains. The results for the A/H3N2 and A/H1N1 strains from the two flu seasons were pooled, but those for the B strains were not. Anti-hemagglutinin (HA) antibody titers were determined before, and one month after each vaccination, and safety was evaluated based on diary card reporting any adverse event observed, either included or not in the list of "solicited events". Within each group of vaccines, the seroconversion rates, seroprotection rates, and ratio of post- to prevaccination geometric mean titers (GMTR) for the A/H3N2 and the A/H1N1 strains fulfilled all requirements of the criteria of the European Union Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products (CPMP). The immune responses in high-risk and in healthy children were similar, and consistent with those observed in previous studies conducted in healthy children. The vaccine was equally well tolerated by all study groups. Reactogenicity was low and similar in both high-risk and healthy children. Overall from 9.5% to 15.4% of at-risk children and 12% of healthy children reported a solicited local reaction; 23.0 to 28.8% of high-risk and 25.3% of healthy children reported a solicited systemic reaction. The study results provide support for vaccination of children at high-risk of influenza related complications.
authors: Hospital Nacional de Niños, San José, Costa Rica.
authors: María Luisa
authors: ML
authors: Avila Aguero
authors: Alejandra
authors: A
authors: Soriano-Fallas
authors: María de los Angeles
authors: MA
authors: Umaña-Sauma
authors: Rolando
authors: R
authors: Ulloa-Gutierrez
authors: Sabine
authors: S
authors: Arnoux
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003364:Costa Rica; D005260:Female; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000276:immunology; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000276:immunology; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated