title: Dexmedetomidine produces dual alpha2-adrenergic agonist and alpha1-adrenergic antagonist actions on human isolated internal mammary artery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the direct effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on isolated human internal mammary artery (IMA).
  
  
  METHODS
  In vitro experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiovascular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  IMA segments were obtained from 18 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The response in IMA was recorded isometrically by a force displacement transducer in isolated organ baths. DEX-induced contractions were tested in the presence of the alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine (10(-7) mol/L) and the alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin (10(-8) M). The effect of DEX (10(-7), 10(-6), and 10(-5) mol/L) on phenylephrine (10(-9)-3 x 10(-4) mol/L)-induced contactions was also tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DEX (10(-9) mol/L-3 x 10(-5) mol/L) caused contraction in IMA segments. The contraction at lower concentrations of DEX (10(-9) mol/L-3 x 10(-7) mol/L) was attenuated by yohimbine (10(-7) mol/L), whereas prazosin (10(-8) mol/L) attenuated the contractions at higher concentrations of DEX (10(-6) mol/L-3 x 10(-5) mol/L). Incubation of IMA segments with high concentrations of DEX (10(-6) mol/L and 10(-5) mol/L) caused an inhibition of phenylephrine (10(-9) mol/L-3 x 10(-4) mol/L)-induced contraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that DEX causes contraction by activating alpha2-adrenoceptors at lower concentrations, but it may also activate alpha1-adrenoceptors at higher concentrations in IMA. The action of DEX on phenylephrine-induced contraction may be related to an alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonistic effect produced via partial alpha1-adrenoceptor agonistic action.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. oyildiz@gata.edu.tr
authors: Oguzhan
authors: O
authors: Yildiz
authors: Hasan B
authors: HB
authors: Ulusoy
authors: Melik
authors: M
authors: Seyrek
authors: Husamettin
authors: H
authors: Gul
authors: Vedat
authors: V
authors: Yildirim
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000187:drug effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011224:Prazosin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014661:Vasoconstriction; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D010656:Phenylephrine; D015016:Yohimbine; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D020927:Dexmedetomidine; D011224:Prazosin