Macronutrients, fatty acids and cholesterol intake and endometrial cancer.
BACKGROUND
There is some evidence that dietary habits may influence the risk of endometrial cancer independently of body mass, although the role of diet on endometrial carcinogenesis is unclear.


METHODS
We carried out a multicenter case-control study from 1992 to 2006 in Italy on 454 women with incident, histologically confirmed endometrial cancer (age range 18-79 years) and 908 controls (age range 19-79 years) admitted to hospitals for acute, non-neoplastic diseases. A validated food-frequency questionnaire was used to estimate macronutrients, fatty acids and cholesterol intake. Logistic regression models, conditioned on age and study centre, and adjusted for major known risk factor of endometrial cancer and residual of energy intake were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).


RESULTS
Significant direct associations were observed with intake of energy (OR = 1.7 for the highest versus the lowest quintile, 95% CI = 1.1-2.5), and cholesterol (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.4-3.2), while a direct borderline association emerged with saturated fatty acids (OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 0.9-2.0). There was no association with proteins, sugars, starch, total fat and other selected fatty acids.


CONCLUSIONS
Energy and cholesterol intake were associated with endometrial cancer.
Lucenteforte
E
E
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
Talamini
R
R
Montella
M
M
Dal Maso
L
L
Tavani
A
A
Deandrea
S
S
Pelucchi
C
C
Greggi
S
S
Zucchetto
A
A
Barbone
F
F
Parpinel
M
M
Franceschi
S
S
La Vecchia
C
C
Negri
E
E
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015897:Comorbidity; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002149:Energy Intake; D004967:Estrogens / Q000009:adverse effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D004967:Estrogens