title: Sexual function and sexual distress in women with interstitial cystitis: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in women with interstitial cystitis (IC) versus a control group. Specific areas of FSD in women with IC have not been reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  A mailed survey was sent to 5000 randomly selected women from the United States (controls) and 407 women with IC from a large referral center (cases). The Female Sexual Distress Scale and questions about sexual function, desire, orgasm, and pain were included. The Student t test was used to compare the mean values, and the chi-square test was used to compare the proportions between the cases and controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During adolescence (the start of menstruation through age 18), having had intercourse, levels of sexual desire, and orgasm frequency did not differ significantly between the cases and controls. However, a significantly greater proportion of cases reported fear of pain (P = 0.018) and pain with intercourse (P = 0.001). In adulthood, a significantly greater proportion of cases reported having pelvic pain, fear of pain during intercourse, and dyspareunia (P <0.001 for all). Furthermore, after the diagnosis of IC, the number of cases reporting moderate to high desire (P <0.001) and orgasm frequently and very frequently declined significantly (P <0.001). The mean value of the Female Sexual Distress Scale was greater among established IC cases (18.5 +/- 14.3) compared with controls (8.3 +/- 10.2; P <0.001). A score of 15 or greater on the Female Sexual Distress Scale has been associated with sexual distress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with IC have significantly more FSD and sexual distress than women without IC. Additional study is needed to explore the multiple factors contributing to FSD in IC.
authors: Ministrelli Program for Urologic Research and Education, Department of Urology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan 48073, USA.
authors: Kenneth M
authors: KM
authors: Peters
authors: Kim A
authors: KA
authors: Killinger
authors: Donna J
authors: DJ
authors: Carrico
authors: Ibrahim A
authors: IA
authors: Ibrahim
authors: Ananias C
authors: AC
authors: Diokno
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Graziottin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000150:complications*; D004414:Dyspareunia / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D011788:Quality of Life; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D020018:Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*