title: Different production of soluble HLA-G antigens by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease: a noninvasive diagnostic tool?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  HLA-G antigens are nonclassical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules characterized by tolerogenic and antiinflammatory properties. Recently, a different expression of HLA-G antigens has been observed between intestinal biopsies of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) patients. These data suggested a functional role for HLA-G molecules in the diseases and proposed the HLA-G modulation as a marker for the diagnosis of UC and CD. The soluble HLA-G antigens (sHLA-G) are circulating molecules mainly produced by activated peripheral blood CD14+ monocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested, by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the sHLA-G molecule levels in the supernatants of unstimulated and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 30 healthy subjects, 10 CD, and 18 UC patients. The data were not influenced by treatment or disease activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results confirmed a different sHLA-G expression between the diseases, with a spontaneous secretion of sHLA-G in CD patients but not in UC and healthy subjects. Moreover, a lack of sHLA-G antigens has been reported in UC patient cultures after LPS activation but not in healthy subjects and CD patients. The defective sHLA-G production was related to an impaired IL-10 secretion in UC but not in CD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, these results confirm the presence of a different biological characteristic between CD and UC patients and suggest sHLA-G production by PBMC as a noninvasive diagnostic tool in the early phases of the diseases.
authors: Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Italy. rbr@unife.it
authors: Roberta
authors: R
authors: Rizzo
authors: Loredana
authors: L
authors: Melchiorri
authors: Loredana
authors: L
authors: Simone
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Stignani
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Marzola
authors: Sergio
authors: S
authors: Gullini
authors: Olavio R
authors: OR
authors: Baricordi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006680:HLA Antigens; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D016753:Interleukin-10