title: Projecting heat-related mortality impacts under a changing climate in the New York City region.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to project future impacts of climate change on summer heat-related premature deaths in the New York City metropolitan region.
  
  
  METHODS
  Current and future climates were simulated over the northeastern United States with a global-to-regional climate modeling system. Summer heat-related premature deaths in the 1990s and 2050s were estimated by using a range of scenarios and approaches to modeling acclimatization (e.g., increased use of air conditioning, gradual physiological adaptation).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Projected regional increases in heat-related premature mortality by the 2050s ranged from 47% to 95%, with a mean 70% increase compared with the 1990s. Acclimatization effects reduced regional increases in summer heat-related premature mortality by about 25%. Local impacts varied considerably across the region, with urban counties showing greater numbers of deaths and smaller percentage increases than less-urbanized counties.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although considerable uncertainty exists in climate forecasts and future health vulnerability, the range of projections we developed suggests that by midcentury, acclimatization may not completely mitigate the effects of climate change in the New York City metropolitan region, which would result in an overall net increase in heat-related premature mortality.
authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. kknowlton@nrdc.org
authors: Kim
authors: K
authors: Knowlton
authors: Barry
authors: B
authors: Lynn
authors: Richard A
authors: RA
authors: Goldberg
authors: Cynthia
authors: C
authors: Rosenzweig
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Hogrefe
authors: Joyce Klein
authors: JK
authors: Rosenthal
authors: Patrick L
authors: PL
authors: Kinney
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization; D002980:Climate; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D009026:Mortality; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors