Recent advances in antifungal agents.
New antifungals are needed in the medicine because of more aggressive and invasive diagnostic and therapeutic methods used, rapid emergence of resistant and new opportunistic fungi, increasing number of patients suffering from immunosuppressive situations e.g., AIDS, transplantation, cancer, etc. Several classes of new antifungal agents are discussed here including some new members of known families. Voriconazole, posaconazole and ravuconazole, are novel triazoles that inhibit the ergosterol synthesis. These drugs overcome problems associated with the ineffectivity of fluconazole against some Aspergillus spp. or the variable bioavailability of itraconazole. Echinocandins (caspofungin, anidulafungin and micafungin) represent a new family of antifungal agents that inhibit 1,3-beta-glucan synthase. Nikkomycins targeting the chitin synthase, show activity against Histoplasma capsulatum and Blastomyces dermatitidis. Sordarin derivatives that block the fungal protein synthesis can be considered as a promising new class of antifungal agents for the treatment of Candida and Pneumocystis infections.
Lóránd
Tamás
T
Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University Pécs, Faculty of Medicine, H-7624 Pécs, Szigeti út 12., Hungary. tamas.lorand@aok.pte.hu
Kocsis
Béla
B
D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002686:Chitin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005936:Glucans / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D013261:Sterols / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D005936:Glucans; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D013261:Sterols; D002686:Chitin