title: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is up-regulated by CCL21/CCR7 interaction via extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 signaling and is involved in CCL21-driven B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell invasion and migration.
abstract: B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) progression is frequently accompanied by clinical lymphadenopathy, and the CCL21 chemokine may play an important role in this process. Indeed, CCR7 (the CCL21 receptor), as well as matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), are overexpressed in infiltrating B-CLL cells. We have studied whether MMP-9 is regulated by CCL21 and participates in CCL21-dependent migration. CCL21 significantly increased B-CLL MMP-9 production, measured by gelatin zymography. This was inhibited by blocking extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) activity or by cell transfection with CCR7-siRNA. Accordingly, CCL21/CCR7 interaction activated the ERK1/2/c-Fos pathway and increased MMP-9 mRNA. CCL21-driven B-CLL cell migration through Matrigel or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was blocked by anti-CCR7 antibodies, CCR7-siRNA transfection, or the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126, as well as by anti-MMP-9 antibodies or tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1). These results strongly suggest that MMP-9 is involved in B-CLL nodal infiltration and expand the roles of MMP-9 and CCR7 in B-CLL progression. Both molecules could thus constitute therapeutic targets for this disease.
authors: Departamento de Fisiopatología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid.
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Redondo-Muñoz
authors: María
authors: M
authors: José Terol
authors: José A
authors: JA
authors: García-Marco
authors: Angeles
authors: A
authors: García-Pardo
mesh_terms: D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D054421:Chemokine CCL21 / Q000378:metabolism*; D003094:Collagen; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D007797:Laminin; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011509:Proteoglycans; D054400:Receptors, CCR7 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C515478:CCL21 protein, human; C515370:CCR7 protein, human; D054421:Chemokine CCL21; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007797:Laminin; D011509:Proteoglycans; D054400:Receptors, CCR7; C059485:matrigel; D003094:Collagen; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9