[Incretin mimetics and incretin enhancers for the treatment of type 2 diabetes].
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a gut hormone secreted in response to a meal ingestion, which is rapidly degraded by a specific enzyme, dipeptidylpeptidase-4 (DPP-4). It enhances insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, inhibits glucagon secretion, retards gastric emptying,... Two pharmacological approaches have been developed to increase the abnormally low GLP-1 levels in type 2 diabetic patients: either to subcutaneously inject an agent closed to GLP-1 (exenatide), which is partially resistant to the action of DPP-4, either to orally administer a selective DPP-4 inhibitor (sitagliptin,...). These new drugs offer improved blood glucose control of type 2 diabetic patients, without inducing hypoglycaemia and with favourable effects on body weight.
Scheen
A J
AJ
Service de diabétologie, nutrition et maladies métaboliques et Unité de pharmacologie clinique, CHU Sart Tilman, B-4000 Liège.
Radermecker
R P
RP
Philips
J C
JC
Paquot
N
N
D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; C042807:DPP4 protein, human; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4