title: Developmental changes in gene expressions of beta-carotene cleavage enzyme and retinoic acid synthesizing enzymes in the chick duodenum.
abstract: Vitamin A is derived from provitamin A carotenoids, mainly beta-carotene, by beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase (BCMO1; EC 1.13.11.21). We previously reported that chick duodenal BCMO1 activity increased abruptly just after hatching. In this study, we further investigated mechanisms and physiological roles of the postnatal induction of BCMO1 expression in the chick duodenum. We showed that BCMO1 mRNA levels increased in the chick duodenum during postnatal period after hatching, but remain unchanged in the chick liver throughout the perinatal period. Serum hydrocortisone (HC) levels were also increased after hatching. Moreover, HC-administered chicks showed an enhancement of duodenal BCMO1 mRNA during the perinatal period. We further analyzed the developmental gene expression patterns of three types of retinoic acid (RA) synthesizing enzymes in the chick duodenum. Among them, retinal dehydrogenase 1 (RALDH1) mRNA levels in the chick duodenum increased during the postnatal period, indicating a similar developmental expression pattern to that of BCMO1. These results suggest that the postnatal induction of BCMO1 gene expression in the chick duodenum may be caused by the elevation of serum HC levels and may contribute to the RALDH1-mediated RA synthetic pathway.
authors: Graduate School of Human Health Science, Siebold University of Nagasaki, 1-1-1 Manabino, Nishisonogi-gun, Nagasaki 851-2195, Japan.
authors: Noriaki
authors: N
authors: Yamaguchi
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Kazuhito
authors: K
authors: Suruga
authors: Sachiko
authors: S
authors: Takase
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004386:Duodenum / Q000196:embryology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000201:enzymology; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D000072516:Retinoic Acid 4-Hydroxylase; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism*; D050559:beta-Carotene 15,15'-Monooxygenase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014212:Tretinoin; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D000072516:Retinoic Acid 4-Hydroxylase; D050559:beta-Carotene 15,15'-Monooxygenase; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase; D006854:Hydrocortisone