title: Sex-related effects on diabetes-induced alterations in calcium release in the rat heart.
abstract: The present study was designed to determine whether the properties of local Ca(2+) release and its related regulatory mechanisms might provide insight into the role of sex differences in heart functions of control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic adult rats. Left ventricular developed pressure, the rates of pressure development and decay (+/-dP/dt), basal intracellular Ca(2+) level ([Ca(2+)](i)), and spatiotemporal parameters of [Ca(2+)](i) transients were found to be similar in male and female control rats. However, spatiotemporal parameters of Ca(2+) sparks in cardiomyocytes isolated from control females were significantly larger and slower than those in control males. Diabetes reduced left ventricular developed pressure to a lower extent in females than in males, and the diabetes-induced depressions in both +dP/dt and -dP/dt were less in females than in males. Diabetes elicited a smaller reduction in the amplitude of [Ca(2+)](i) transients in females than in males, a smaller reduction in sarcoplasmic reticulum-Ca(2+) load, and less increase in basal [Ca(2+)](i). Similarly, the elementary Ca(2+) events and their control proteins were clearly different in both sexes, and these differences were more marked in diabetes. Diabetes-induced depression of the Ca(2+) spark amplitude was significantly less in females than in matched males. Levels of cardiac ryanodine receptors (RyR2) and FK506-binding protein 12.6 in control females were significantly higher than those shown in control males. Diabetes induced less RyR2 phosphorylation and FK506-binding protein 12.6 unbinding in females. Moreover, total and free sulfhydryl groups were significantly less reduced, and PKC levels were less increased, in diabetic females than in diabetic males. The present data related to local Ca(2+) release and its related proteins describe some of the mechanisms that may underlie sex-related differences accounting for females to have less frequent development of cardiac diseases.
authors: Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Nazmi
authors: N
authors: Yaras
authors: Erkan
authors: E
authors: Tuncay
authors: Nuhan
authors: N
authors: Purali
authors: Babur
authors: B
authors: Sahinoglu
authors: Guy
authors: G
authors: Vassort
authors: Belma
authors: B
authors: Turan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012307:Risk Factors; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000378:metabolism; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D012737:Sex Factors; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D017725:Ventricular Pressure
chemical_list: D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins; C403484:tacrolimus binding protein 1B; D002118:Calcium