Pharmacologic advances in the global control and treatment of malaria: combination therapy and resistance.
Combination drug therapy for malaria is recommended both to prevent and to overcome drug resistance. Drug combinations developed for use in Asia are being deployed in Africa, where higher rates of malaria affect the therapeutic and public health objectives of malaria chemotherapy as well as drug safety. Rational consideration of drug mechanisms, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and malaria epidemiology should result in more effective combination regimens that retain therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy in the face of resistance.
Nyunt
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Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Plowe
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D000655:Amodiaquine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077549:Artemether; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077332:Artesunate; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003622:Dapsone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015195:Drug Design; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014943:Global Health; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D000078102:Lumefantrine; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015767:Mefloquine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D002727:Proguanil / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011739:Pyrimethamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011803:Quinine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013413:Sulfadoxine / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; D004983:Ethanolamines; D005449:Fluorenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D000655:Amodiaquine; D000077332:Artesunate; D013413:Sulfadoxine; D002738:Chloroquine; C007030:chlorproguanil; D003622:Dapsone; D011803:Quinine; D000077549:Artemether; D000078102:Lumefantrine; D002727:Proguanil; D015767:Mefloquine; D011739:Pyrimethamine