title: Screening psychiatric patients for illicit drug use disorders and problems.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Illicit drug use is prevalent but under-detected among psychiatric patients. This paper reviews the need for a valid, practical screening instrument for detecting drug problems and disorders among psychiatric patients, and describes the appropriateness of existing screening instruments for this purpose.
  
  
  METHODS
  Research literature on illicit drug screening instruments is reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All existing instruments lack one or more of the following characteristics that would enable them to be used routinely in psychiatric settings: brief and easy to administer, demonstrated validity for male and female psychiatric patients, measuring illicit drug use problems without confounding with alcohol use problems, and assessing drug problems over an optimal timeframe for screening (e.g., past 12 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current instruments are not appropriate for routine drug screening of psychiatric patients. A brief, easy to use drug screen should be developed and validated on male and female psychiatric patients for routine screening of drug disorders and problems.
authors: Department of Veterans Affairs, Stanford University School of Medicine, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. Quyen.Tiet@va.gov
authors: Quyen Q
authors: QQ
authors: Tiet
authors: John W
authors: JW
authors: Finney
authors: Rudolf H
authors: RH
authors: Moos
mesh_terms: D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012920:Social Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs