title: A review of eHealth interventions for physical activity and dietary behavior change.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review eHealth intervention studies for adults and children that targeted behavior change for physical activity, healthy eating, or both behaviors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic literature searches were performed using five databases: MEDLINE, PsychInfo, CINAHL, ERIC, and the Cochrane Library to retrieve articles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Articles published in scientific journals were included if they evaluated an intervention for physical activity and/or dietary behaviors, or focused on weight loss, used randomized or quasi-experimental designs, measured outcomes at baseline and a follow-up period, and included an intervention where participants interacted with some type of electronic technology either as the main intervention or an adjunct component. All studies were published between 2000 and 2005.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-six publications were initially identified, of which 49 met the inclusion criteria (13 physical activity publications, 16 dietary behaviors publications, and 20 weight loss or both physical activity and diet publications), and represented 47 different studies. Studies were described on multiple dimensions, including sample characteristics, design, intervention, measures, and results. eHealth interventions were superior to comparison groups for 21 of 41 (51%) studies (3 physical activity, 7 diet, 11 weight loss/physical activity and diet). Twenty-four studies had indeterminate results, and in four studies the comparison conditions outperformed eHealth interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Published studies of eHealth interventions for physical activity and dietary behavior change are in their infancy. Results indicated mixed findings related to the effectiveness of eHealth interventions. Interventions that feature interactive technologies need to be refined and more rigorously evaluated to fully determine their potential as tools to facilitate health behavior change.
authors: Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. gnorman@paceproject.org
authors: Gregory J
authors: GJ
authors: Norman
authors: Marion F
authors: MF
authors: Zabinski
authors: Marc A
authors: MA
authors: Adams
authors: Dori E
authors: DE
authors: Rosenberg
authors: Amy L
authors: AL
authors: Yaroch
authors: Audie A
authors: AA
authors: Atienza
mesh_terms: D015444:Exercise; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet