Memory search following valid and invalid abrupt-onset cues.
The impact of abrupt-onset cues on memory search was investigated, where the abrupt-onset cue was a valid (Experiment 1), random (Experiment 2), or irrelevant (Experiment 3) predictor of the location containing the test probe. In Experiment 4, the abrupt-onset cue either preceded or followed the test probe. Sternberg-like functions were obtained in Experiments 1 and 2, with the effects of the abrupt-onset cue localized primarily in the intercept rather than the slope. Experiment 3 demonstrated that a spatially separated and irrelevant abrupt-onset cue increased latency even when all memory probes occurred at the fixation point. In Experiment 4, the robust impact of an abrupt-onset cue vanished, regardless of stimulus onset asynchrony, when it followed the target. We concluded that abrupt-onset cues captured attention regardless of their predictability, manifested as a delaying of search. However, once attention was captured by the target, a subsequent abrupt-onset stimulus had no effect. These results were discussed in terms of diffuse attention and contingent capture models of attention.
Homa
Donald
D
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287, USA. donhoma@asu.edu
Newton
Craig
C
Terry
Donovan
D
Schafer
Scott
S
Richter
Ken
K
D001288:Attention; D003071:Cognition; D003463:Cues; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D005556:Form Perception; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D008568:Memory; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D011930:Reaction Time