title: Reduced spike-timing reliability correlates with the emergence of fast ripples in the rat epileptic hippocampus.
abstract: Ripples are sharp-wave-associated field oscillations (100-300 Hz) recorded in the hippocampus during behavioral immobility and slow-wave sleep. In epileptic rats and humans, a different and faster oscillation (200-600 Hz), termed fast ripples, has been described. However, the basic mechanisms are unknown. Here, we propose that fast ripples emerge from a disorganized ripple pattern caused by unreliable firing in the epileptic hippocampus. Enhanced synaptic activity is responsible for the irregular bursting of CA3 pyramidal cells due to large membrane potential fluctuations. Lower field interactions and a reduced spike-timing reliability concur with decreased spatial synchronization and the emergence of fast ripples. Reducing synaptically driven membrane potential fluctuations improves both spike-timing reliability and spatial synchronization and restores ripples in the epileptic hippocampus. Conversely, a lower spike-timing reliability, with reduced potassium currents, is associated with ripple shuffling in normal hippocampus. Therefore, fast ripples may reflect a pathological desynchronization of the normal ripple pattern.
authors: Fundación del Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos para la Investigación y la Integración, SESCAM, Toledo 45071, Spain.
authors: Guglielmo
authors: G
authors: Foffani
authors: Yoryani G
authors: YG
authors: Uzcategui
authors: Beatriz
authors: B
authors: Gal
authors: Liset
authors: L
authors: Menendez de la Prida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D051668:Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels / Q000502:physiology; D004594:Electrophysiology; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016651:Lithium Carbonate; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D010862:Pilocarpine; D017966:Pyramidal Cells / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D051668:Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D010862:Pilocarpine; D016651:Lithium Carbonate