title: The effects of exercise training on fatigue and dyspnea in heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Physiological benefits of exercise training for heart failure (HF) patients have been demonstrated, however little is known about the effects of training on the symptoms of fatigue and dyspnea.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine HF symptoms of fatigue and dyspnea in response to a 24-week exercise training intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  This pilot study was a randomized, two-group repeated measures design. Fifteen subjects in the intervention group completed a combination of aerobic and resistance training three times per week in a standard cardiac rehabilitation setting. The control group consisted of 6 subjects who were instructed not to begin any formal exercise program during the 24-week intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects (19 males and 2 females) had a mean age of 66.2+/-10.2 years and mean ejection fraction (EF) of 28.4+/-7.4%. Non-parametric Friedman Analysis of Variance by Ranks showed the exercise group significantly decreased sensory fatigue (Piper Fatigue Scale) over time (chi(2)=6.49, p=.04) while the control group did not change (chi(2)=0.93, p=.63). Dyspnea showed a non-significant decrease over time for the exercise group (chi(2)=4.16, p=.13) while the control group showed a decrease from baseline to 12 weeks but an increase to above baseline values by week 24 (chi(2)=0.18, p=.91).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provide support for the beneficial effects of exercise training on symptoms of fatigue and dyspnea in HF patients. Larger studies to evaluate symptom response to exercise are needed.
authors: Lincoln Division, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Nursing, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States. bpozehl@unmc.edu
authors: Bunny
authors: B
authors: Pozehl
authors: Kathleen
authors: K
authors: Duncan
authors: Melody
authors: M
authors: Hertzog
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005221:Fatigue / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015146:Midwestern United States; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014891:Weight Lifting