title: Dose-dependent effects of topical tobramycin in an animal model of Pseudomonas sinusitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Topical antimicrobials are commonly used to treat Pseudomonas sinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery. Despite their popularity, there is limited data in the literature to support its use. This study is the first to examine the effects of topical tobramycin in an animal model of Pseudomonas sinusitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pseudomonas aeruginosa sinusitis was induced in the maxillary sinus of New Zealand white rabbits. Study groups received various concentrations of topical tobramycin instilled through a single lumen catheter embedded within the maxillary sinus for 7 consecutive days. A control group received normal saline irrigation. Bacterial counts were measured from the nasal lavage after irrigation. The sinonasal complex was analyzed and a histological grading system was used to score the degree of infection at study end.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nasal lavage bacterial counts of the saline control group remained persistently elevated throughout the study. Introduction of increasing concentrations of topical tobramycin caused the bacterial counts to fall to zero by study end. There was a dose-dependent histological response in which increasing concentrations of tobramycin led to a marked reduction but not total elimination of inflammation within the mucosa and underlying bone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As opposed to normal saline irrigations, topical tobramycin led to a significant improvement in the degree of infection within an animal model of P. aeruginosa sinusitis. Despite the elimination of bacteria within the nasal lavage, there was a suggestion of a residual indolent infection as evidenced by persistent inflammation within the mucosa and underlying bone.
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Rhinology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
authors: Marcelo B
authors: MB
authors: Antunes
authors: Michael D
authors: MD
authors: Feldman
authors: Noam A
authors: NA
authors: Cohen
authors: Alexander G
authors: AG
authors: Chiu
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D015523:Maxillary Sinusitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017817:Nasal Lavage Fluid; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011817:Rabbits; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014031:Tobramycin