title: Is it possible to use the Structural Dimension Analysis of Motor Memory (SDA-M) to investigate representations of motor actions in stroke patients?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the feasibility of the Structural Dimension Analysis of Motor Memory (SDA-M), a method derived from sports psychology, in establishing the mental representations of complex movements in patients after stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series of patients, with age-matched healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  A rehabilitation nursing home.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients 3-26 weeks after their stroke, and 16 controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each control had the SDA-M performed within a 10-day period. Each stroke patient had the SDA-M performed once. In the SDA-M the subject was asked to state for each of 10 actions involved in drinking from a cup whether it is functionally close to each of the other nine or not.
  
  
  METHODS
  The raw data from the SDA-M were transformed through cluster analysis into Euclidean distances and tree diagrams to illustrate the internal representation of the action.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All subjects were able to perform the assessment. Healthy controls all had a similar set of Euclidean distances and tree diagrams that were 'normal'. The tree diagrams remained very similar on the three occasions. Four stroke patients had tree diagrams that were 'normal'. The remaining twelve had tree diagrams that differed greatly both from the 'normal' and from each other, with much less clustering of actions. Patients with more severe stroke appeared to have more disordered tree diagrams.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Structural Dimension Analysis of Motor Memory (SDA-M) is a feasible method for investigating the mental representation of internal motor action plans in stroke patients, giving similar data in stable healthy people and revealing abnormal patterns in patients after stroke.
authors: Center of Expertise in Life Sciences, kenniskring Autonomie & Participatie and Department of Health and Technique, School of Professional Education, Zuyd University, Heerlen, The Netherlands. s.braun@hszuyd.nl
authors: Susy M
authors: SM
authors: Braun
authors: Anna J
authors: AJ
authors: Beurskens
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Schack
authors: Rik G
authors: RG
authors: Marcellis
authors: Kenneth C
authors: KC
authors: Oti
authors: Jos M
authors: JM
authors: Schols
authors: Derick T
authors: DT
authors: Wade
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012047:Rehabilitation Centers; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications*