title: Increased expression of c-fos protein associated with increased matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein expression in the endometrium of endometriotic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate c-fos and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression in the endometrium from women with or without endometriosis throughout the menstrual cycle, and to explore the correlation of c-fos expression with MMP-9 expression and 17beta-E(2) levels in serum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Molecular studies in human tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  A women's hospital in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-five premenopausal women (25 with endometriosis and 30 without endometriosis) undergoing laparoscopic surgery or hysterectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eutopic and ectopic endometrium tissue were obtained at the time of surgery. Peripheral sera were also collected on the same day.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical localization of c-fos in the endometrium, c-fos and MMP-9 protein levels in the endometrium, and 17beta-E(2) levels in the serum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  c-fos protein was predominantly located in the nuclei of glandular epithelial cells and stromal cells. c-fos and MMP-9 protein levels in paired eutopic and ectopic endometria from women with endometriosis were significantly higher than those in the endometrium from women without endometriosis. No significant difference in c-fos or MMP-9 protein levels was observed between paired eutopic and ectopic endometria. c-fos protein levels in endometrium positively correlated with endometrial MMP-9 levels and serum 17beta-E(2) levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression of c-fos in the human endometrium may be regulated by 17beta-E(2), and c-fos may be involved in development of endometriosis by promoting MMP-9 gene expression and subsequently the invasive potential of endometrial explants.
authors: Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Pan
authors: Jian-Zhong
authors: JZ
authors: Sheng
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Tang
authors: Rong
authors: R
authors: Zhu
authors: Tian-Hua
authors: TH
authors: Zhou
authors: He-Feng
authors: HF
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D004958:Estradiol; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9