title: Left ventricular apical wall motion abnormality is associated with lack of response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many patients with appropriate indications fail to respond to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of our study was to determine the relationship between CRT response and preimplantation apical wall motion abnormality.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed data from 83 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy who underwent CRT. All patients had New York Heart Association class III or IV symptoms despite maximal medical therapy, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < or =35%, and QRS duration > or =130 ms or <130 ms with left ventricular dyssynchrony. CRT responders at 6 months were defined as surviving patients with: (1) no hospitalization for heart failure, and (2) improvement of New York Heart Association classification. Patients underwent echocardiography before and 6 months after implantation to assess changes in regional wall motion and LVEF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, CRT responders (n = 39) and nonresponders (n = 44) had similar LVEF (22.9% +/- 6.9% vs 23.1% +/- 8.3%), QRS duration (159 +/- 43 ms vs 159 +/- 36 ms), and medical treatment. CRT nonresponders had a higher prevalence of preimplantation apical wall motion abnormality (68% vs 33%, P = .003). Patients with baseline apical wall motion abnormalities (n = 43) were less likely than others (n = 40) to show improvement in wall motion at 6 months (30% vs 81%, P < .001) or clinical response to CRT (31% vs 64%, P = .003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of a preimplantation apical wall motion abnormality was associated with a lower rate of CRT response in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.
authors: UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California-Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Buch
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Lellouche
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: De Diego
authors: Marmar
authors: M
authors: Vaseghi
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Cesario
authors: Osamu
authors: O
authors: Fujimura
authors: Isaac
authors: I
authors: Wiener
authors: John S
authors: JS
authors: Child
authors: Noel G
authors: NG
authors: Boyle
authors: Kalyanam
authors: K
authors: Shivkumar
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008133:Long QT Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017211:Treatment Failure; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology