Genotoxicity of three mouthwash products, Cepacol, Periogard, and Plax, in the Drosophila wing-spot test.
Antiseptic mouthwashes used in biofilm control are widely available in the marketplace, despite inconsistent data concerning their genetic and cellular toxicity. In the present study, we investigated the genotoxic potential of three antiseptics currently used for odontologic treatment, Cepacol (containing cetylpyridinium chloride), Periogard (chlorhexidine digluconate), and Plax (triclosan). Genotoxicity was evaluated using the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster, employing flies having normal bioactivation (the standard cross) and flies with increased cytochrome P450-dependent biotransformation capacity (the high bioactivation cross). Periogard and Plax produced negative responses in both types of flies; however, Cepacol (75 and 100%) produced positive responses in both the standard and high bioactivation assays, with the genotoxic responses mainly due to the induction of mitotic recombination. Assays performed with ethanol and cetylpirydinium chloride, two major ingredients of Cepacol, indicated that the genotoxicity of the mouthwash is likely to be due to ethanol.
Rodrigues
Fábio
F
Laboratório da Toxicidade Genética - TOXIGEN, Universidade Luterana do Brasil - ULBRA/Canoas, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
Lehmann
Maurício
M
do Amaral
Viviane Souza
VS
Reguly
Maria Luíza
ML
de Andrade
Heloísa Helena Rodrigues
HH
D000818:Animals; D004330:Drosophila; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000633:toxicity*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D014921:Wings, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*
D009067:Mouthwashes