Genome-wide analysis of the phospholipase D family in Oryza sativa and functional characterization of PLD beta 1 in seed germination.
Phospholipase D (PLD) plays a critical role in plant growth and development, as well as in hormone and stress responses. PLD encoding genes constitute a large gene family that are present in higher plants. There are 12 members of the PLD family in Arabidopsis thaliana and several of them have been functionally characterized; however, the members of the PLD family in Oryza sativa remain to be fully described. Through genome-wide analysis, 17 PLD members found in different chromosomes have been identified in rice. Protein domain structural analysis reveals a novel subfamily, besides the C2-PLDs and PXPH-PLDs, that is present in rice - the SP-PLD. SP-PLD harbors a signal peptide instead of the C2 or PXPH domains at the N-terminus. Expression pattern analysis indicates that most PLD-encoding genes are differentially expressed in various tissues, or are induced by hormones or stress conditions, suggesting the involvement of PLD in multiple developmental processes. Transgenic studies have shown that the suppressed expression of rice PLD beta 1 results in reduced sensitivity to exogenous ABA during seed germination. Further analysis of the expression of ABA signaling-related genes has revealed that PLD beta 1 stimulates ABA signaling by activating SAPK, thus repressing GAmyb expression and inhibiting seed germination.
Li
Gang
G
National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
Lin
Fang
F
Xue
Hong-Wei
HW
D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D018745:Genome, Plant; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D012275:Oryza / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D036226:Seedlings / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000235:genetics
D007527:Isoenzymes; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; D000040:Abscisic Acid; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010739:Phospholipase D; D000516:alpha-Amylases