Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Arnica longifolia, Aster hesperius, and Chrysothamnus nauseosus essential oils.
Essential oils from three different Asteraceae obtained by hydrodistillation of aerial parts were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Main compounds obtained from each taxon were found as follows: Arnica longifolia carvacrol 37.3%, alpha-bisabolol 8.2%; Aster hesperius hexadecanoic acid 29.6%, carvacrol 15.2%; and Chrysothamnus nauseosus var. nauseosus beta-phellandrene 22.8% and beta-pinene 19.8%. Essential oils were also evaluated for their antimalarial and antimicrobial activity against human pathogens, and antifungal activities against plant pathogens. No antimalarial and antimicrobial activities against human pathogens were observed. Direct bioautography demonstrated antifungal activity of the essential oils obtained from three Asteraceae taxa and two pure compounds, carvacrol and beta-bisabolol, to the plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae and C. gloeosporioides. Subsequent evaluation of antifungal compounds using a 96-well micro-dilution broth assay indicated that alpha-bisabolol showed weak growth inhibition of the plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea after 72 h.
Tabanca
Nurhayat
N
USDA, ARS, NPURU, National Center for Natural Products Research, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA.
Demirci
Betul
B
Crockett
Sara L
SL
Başer
Kemal Hüsnü Can
KH
Wedge
David E
DE
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology; D018650:Arnica / Q000737:chemistry; D031173:Aster Plant / Q000737:chemistry; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D020231:Colletotrichum / Q000187:drug effects; D000081007:Cymenes; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000081222:Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000962:Antimalarials; D000081007:Cymenes; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D000081222:Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C004497:bisabolol; C073316:carvacrol