Lung cancer in never smokers--a different disease.
Although most lung cancers are a result of smoking, approximately 25% of lung cancer cases worldwide are not attributable to tobacco use, accounting for over 300,000 deaths each year. Striking differences in the epidemiological, clinical and molecular characteristics of lung cancers arising in never smokers versus smokers have been identified, suggesting that they are separate entities. This Review summarizes our current knowledge of this unique and poorly understood disease.
Sun
Sophie
S
Division of Haematology and Oncology and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Schiller
Joan H
JH
Gazdar
Adi F
AF
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D015984:Causality; D015897:Comorbidity; D003296:Cooking; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D011648:Pulmonary Adenomatosis, Ovine / Q000453:epidemiology; D011886:Radon; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012756:Sheep; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
D004967:Estrogens; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D011886:Radon