title: Nodal status of malignant lymphoma in pelvic and retroperitoneal lymphatic pathways: comparison of integrated PET/CT with or without contrast enhancement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the diagnostic accuracy of integrated contrast-enhanced positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT), as compared with non-contrasted PET/CT, in evaluating nodal status of malignant lymphoma in pelvic and retroperitoneal lymphatic pathways.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-six patients (33 men and 33 women) with malignant lymphoma underwent staging with integrated CT and fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)FDG) PET. Tumor types were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (n=26, 39%), follicular lymphoma (n=20, 30%), Hodgkin disease (n=16, 24%), and marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (n=4, 6%). Both non-contrasted PET/CT and contrast-enhanced PET/CT images were examined separately by two different qualified physicians for each imaging modality, and nodal status of pelvic and retroperitoneal lymphatic pathways was evaluated. Reference standard included follow-up with clinical, laboratory, and conventional CT findings. We compared diagnostic accuracy retrospectively on basis of per-patient and per-lesion analyses between two modalities using McNemar test, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nodal status of pelvic and retroperitoneal lymphatic pathways was more accurately determined on contrast-enhanced PET/CT (n=52, 79%) compared with non-contrasted PET/CT (n=47, 71%). Difference in the accuracy of nodal staging between non-contrasted PET/CT and contrast-enhanced PET/CT was significant (p=0.048). On basis of per-lesion analysis, contrast-enhanced PET/CT determined more accurately the status of external iliac lymph node (p=0.002), internal iliac lymph node (p<0.0001), and common iliac lymph node (p=0.002) compared with non-contrasted PET/CT. Diagnostic accuracies of paraaortic lymph node, aortocaval lymph node, and paracaval lymph node were similar by either non-contrasted PET/CT or contrast-enhanced PET/CT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Integrated contrast-enhanced PET/CT improves the diagnostic accuracy in evaluating nodal status of pelvic and retroperitoneal lymphatic pathways in patients with malignant lymphoma.
authors: Division of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Tsuyoshi
authors: T
authors: Morimoto
authors: Ukihide
authors: U
authors: Tateishi
authors: Tetsuo
authors: T
authors: Maeda
authors: Yasuaki
authors: Y
authors: Arai
authors: Yasuo
authors: Y
authors: Nakajima
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Edmund Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010388:Pelvis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012187:Retroperitoneal Space / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013382:Subtraction Technique; D018511:Systems Integration; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media