title: Topical N-acetyl-S-farnesyl-L-cysteine inhibits mouse skin inflammation, and unlike dexamethasone, its effects are restricted to the application site.
abstract: N-acetyl-S-farnesyl-L-cysteine (AFC), a modulator of G protein and G-protein coupled receptor signaling, inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis and other inflammatory responses in cell-based assays. Here, we show topical AFC inhibits in vivo acute inflammation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and arachidonic acid using the mouse ear model of inflammation. AFC inhibits edema, as measured by ear weight, and also inhibits neutrophil infiltration as assayed by direct counting in histological sections and by measuring myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity as a neutrophil marker. In addition, AFC inhibits in vivo allergic contact dermatitis in a mouse model utilizing sensitization followed by a subsequent challenge with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene. Unlike the established anti-inflammatories dexamethasone and indomethacin, AFC's action was restricted to the site of application. In this mouse model, both dexamethasone and indomethacin inhibited TPA-induced edema and MPO activity in the vehicle-treated, contralateral ear. AFC showed no contralateral ear inhibition for either of these end points. A marginally significant decrease due to AFC treatment was seen in TPA-induced epidermal hyperplasia at 24 hours. This was much less than the 90% inhibition of neutrophil infiltration, suggesting that AFC does not act by directly inhibiting protein kinase C.
authors: Signum Biosciences, Monmouth Junction, New Jersey, USA.
authors: Joel S
authors: JS
authors: Gordon
authors: Peter M
authors: PM
authors: Wolanin
authors: Arnold V
authors: AV
authors: Gonzalez
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Fela
authors: Gopal
authors: G
authors: Sarngadharan
authors: Karl
authors: K
authors: Rouzard
authors: Eduardo
authors: E
authors: Perez
authors: Jeffry B
authors: JB
authors: Stock
authors: Maxwell B
authors: MB
authors: Stock
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D021461:Animals, Outbred Strains; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004431:Ear, External; D004487:Edema / Q000517:prevention & control; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D003907:Dexamethasone; D009195:Peroxidase; C068268:N-acetyl-S-farnesylcysteine; D000111:Acetylcysteine; D007213:Indomethacin