Nomogram use for the prediction of indolent prostate cancer: impact on screen-detected populations.
BACKGROUND
Screening for prostate cancer has resulted in an increased incidence-to-mortality ratio. Not all cancers deserve immediate treatment. It has therefore become more important to be able to identify those cases of screen-detected prostate cancer most likely to show indolent behavior.


METHODS
The Kattan-nomogram for the prediction of indolent prostate cancer was validated and recalibrated for use in a screening setting. The recalibrated nomogram was used to calculate the number of men who were predicted to have indolent cancer in a screen-detected cohort from the European Randomized study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC), section Rotterdam.


RESULTS
Of 1629 cancers detected in 2 subsequent screening rounds 825 were suitable for nomogram use. The remainder were very unlikely to have indolent cancer. A total of 485 men (485 of 825 = 59%) were predicted to have indolent cancer, which is 30% (485 of 1629) of all screen-detected cases. Cancers found at repeated screening after 4 years had a higher probability of indolent cancer than cases from the prevalence screening (44% vs 23%; P < .001).


CONCLUSIONS
The current nomogram can identify substantial groups of screen-detected cancers that are likely indolent and can therefore be considered for active surveillance.
Roemeling
Stijn
S
Department of Urology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. s.roemeling@erasmusmc.nl
Roobol
Monique J
MJ
Kattan
Michael W
MW
van der Kwast
Theo H
TH
Steyerberg
Ewout W
EW
Schröder
Fritz H
FH
D001706:Biopsy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology
D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen