title: Diagnostic utility of serum or cerebrospinal fluid levels of toxic advanced glycation end-products (TAGE) in early detection of Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in developed countries. AD is characterized pathologically by the presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), the major constituents of which are amyloid beta protein (A beta) and tau protein, respectively. Based on the disease pathology, numerous blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests have been proposed for early detection of AD. However, there is no definite clinical method to determine in which patients with mild cognitive impairment will progress to AD with dementia. Therefore, to develop a novel promising biomarker for early diagnosis of AD is urgently needed. Several epidemiological studies have reported moderately increased risks for AD in diabetic patients compared with general population. In diabetes mellitus, the formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), senescent macroprotein derivatives, progress more rapidly. In addition, recent understanding of this process has confirmed that AGEs-their receptor (RAGE) interactions may play a role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders including AD. In human AD brains, AGEs are distributed in the cytosol of neurons in the hippocampus and para-hippocampal gyrus. In this paper, we discuss the pathophysiological role for toxic AGEs (TAGE) in AD. We further review here the possibility that serum or cerebrospinal fluid levels of TAGE could become a promising biomarker for early detection of AD.
authors: Department of Pathophysiological Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Ho-3 Kanagawa-machi, Kanazawa 920-1181, Japan. m-takeuchi@hokuriku-u.ac.jp <m-takeuchi@hokuriku-u.ac.jp>
authors: Masayoshi
authors: M
authors: Takeuchi
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Sato
authors: Jun-ichi
authors: J
authors: Takino
authors: Yuka
authors: Y
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Satomi
authors: S
authors: Furuno
authors: Seiji
authors: S
authors: Kikuchi
authors: Sho-ichi
authors: S
authors: Yamagishi
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D000939:Epitopes / Q000737:chemistry; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D006801:Humans; D015416:Maillard Reaction; D008954:Models, Biological; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D016874:Neurofibrillary Tangles / Q000378:metabolism; D058225:Plaque, Amyloid / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced