title: Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt by up-regulating insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor signaling in acute myeloid leukemia: rationale for therapeutic inhibition of both pathways.
abstract: The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and mTORC1 pathways are frequently activated, representing potential therapeutic targets in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In 19 AML samples with constitutive PI3K/Akt activation, the rapamycin derivative inhibitor everolimus (RAD001) increased Akt phosphorylation. This mTOR C1-mediated Akt up-regulation was explained by an insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)/IGF-1 receptor autocrine loop: (1) blast cells expressed functional IGF-1 receptors, and IGF-1-induced Akt activation was increased by RAD001, (2) a neutralizing anti-IGF-1R alpha-IR3 monoclonal antibody reversed the RAD001-induced Akt phosphorylation, and (3) autocrine production of IGF-1 was detected in purified blast cells by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. This RAD001-induced PI3K/Akt up-regulation was due to an up-regulated expression of the IRS2 adaptor. Finally, we observed that concomitant inhibition of mTORC1 and PI3K/Akt by RAD001 and IC87114 induced additive antiproliferative effects. Our results suggest that dual inhibition of the mTORC1 complex and the IGF-1/IGF-1R/PI3K/Akt pathway in AML may enhance the efficacy of mTOR inhibitors in treatment of this disease.
authors: Institut Cochin, Département d'Hématologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104), Paris.
authors: Jerome
authors: J
authors: Tamburini
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Chapuis
authors: Valérie
authors: V
authors: Bardet
authors: Sophie
authors: S
authors: Park
authors: Pierre
authors: P
authors: Sujobert
authors: Lise
authors: L
authors: Willems
authors: Norbert
authors: N
authors: Ifrah
authors: François
authors: F
authors: Dreyfus
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Mayeux
authors: Catherine
authors: C
authors: Lacombe
authors: Didier
authors: D
authors: Bouscary
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D000068338:Everolimus; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011506:Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000068338:Everolimus; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D011506:Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1; D020123:Sirolimus; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D014157:Transcription Factors