Differential response of human naive and memory/effector T cells to dendritic cells infected by respiratory syncytial virus.
In vitro studies have contributed substantially to the understanding of immunopathology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-mediated disease. In the present study we compared the effect of RSV-infected dendritic cells on the time-course of the primary and memory/effector T cell response in vitro. Cultures with uninfected dendritic cells known to elicit T helper 2 (Th2) responses and with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly-IC)-stimulated dendritic cells known to elicit Th1 responses served as controls. At day 1 after stimulation there was a high proportion of interleukin (IL)-2 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-producing T cells with no difference in number of producing T cells as well as concentration of secreted cytokines between RSV-infected and control cultures. However, up to day 3 generation of IFN-gamma was reduced markedly. In addition, there was a reduced proliferation in RSV cultures. At day 7 the RSV-treated cultures showed a preponderance of IL-4 generation. At days 21-24, after three rounds of restimulation, memory/effector T cells matured under the influence of RSV were still not fully polarized but in contrast to the primary response displayed a predominance of Th1 cytokines. Contact with RSV-infected HEp-2 cells inhibited proliferation of T cells; memory effector T cells were less sensitive to contact inhibition than naive T cells. In addition, RSV inhibited the stimulated rearrangement of cortical actin more effectively in naive compared to memory T cells. In summary, we have shown that RSV infection of dendritic cells has a distinct modulatory effect on the primary response and a less pronounced effect on the memory response.
Rothoeft
T
T
Klinik für Kinder und Jugendmedizin, der Ruhr Universität Bochum, im St. Josef Hospital, Germany.
Fischer
K
K
Zawatzki
S
S
Schulz
V
V
Schauer
U
U
Körner Rettberg
C
C
D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*
D016207:Cytokines