title: Elevated serum APRIL levels in patients with systemic sclerosis: distinct profiles of systemic sclerosis categorized by APRIL and BAFF.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Elevated serum concentrations of B cell-activating factor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) are found in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and are associated with the severity of skin sclerosis. We investigated serum levels of a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), a close homolog to BAFF, and its clinical association in patients with SSc as well as its correlation with BAFF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum APRIL levels from 74 patients with SSc, 25 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, and 25 healthy subjects were examined by ELISA. Clinical and laboratory measures were compared between SSc patients with elevated serum APRIL levels and those with normal levels. We assessed correlation of serum APRIL and BAFF levels in patients with SSc.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum APRIL levels were elevated in SSc patients compared to controls. SSc patients with elevated serum APRIL levels had significantly higher incidences of pulmonary fibrosis than those with normal levels. Serum APRIL levels did not correlate with serum BAFF levels in SSc patients, and there were distinct profiles of SSc categorized by serum APRIL and BAFF levels. High APRIL levels served as a marker for involvement of pulmonary fibrosis and high BAFF levels served as a marker for severe skin sclerosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that elevated serum APRIL and BAFF levels were differentially associated with disease severity in SSc.
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Matsushita
authors: Manabu
authors: M
authors: Fujimoto
authors: Minoru
authors: M
authors: Hasegawa
authors: Chihiro
authors: C
authors: Tanaka
authors: Sayako
authors: S
authors: Kumada
authors: Fumihide
authors: F
authors: Ogawa
authors: Kazuhiko
authors: K
authors: Takehara
authors: Shinichi
authors: S
authors: Sato
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D053264:B-Cell Activating Factor / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D053300:Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D053264:B-Cell Activating Factor; C114631:TNFSF13 protein, human; D053300:Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13