Magnetic nanoparticle labeling of mesenchymal stem cells without transfection agent: cellular behavior and capability of detection with clinical 1.5 T magnetic resonance at the single cell level.
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of labeling human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) by ionic superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) without a transfection agent and verifying its capability to be detected with clinical 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) at the single-cell level. Human hMSCs were incubated for 24 h with an ionic SPIO, Ferucarbotran. The labeling efficiency of hMSCs was determined by iron content measurement spectrophotometrically, and the influence of labeling on cell behavior was ascertained by examination of cell viability using the trypan blue exclusion method, cell proliferation analysis using MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) change, differentiation capacity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production measured by dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) fluorescent probe. Labeled hMSCs were scanned under 1.5 T MRI with three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) T(2)-weighted gradient echo (GRE) pulse sequences. Human hMSC labeling without transfection agent was efficient. The iron content in hMSCs was 23.4 pg Fe/cell. No significant change was found in viability, proliferation, MMP change, ROS production, or differentiation capacity. About 45.2% of the hMSCs could be detected using 1.5 T MRI at the single cell level with 3D GRE and four repetitions.
Hsiao
Jong-Kai
JK
Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Tai
Ming-Fong
MF
Chu
Hung-Hao
HH
Chen
Shin-Tai
ST
Li
Hung
H
Lai
Dar-Ming
DM
Hsieh
Sung-Tsang
ST
Wang
Jaw-Lin
JL
Liu
Hon-Man
HM
D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes / Q000502:physiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis; D013053:Spectrophotometry
D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C000499:ferric oxide; D007501:Iron