title: Muscarinic and purinergic receptor expression in the urothelium of rats with detrusor overactivity induced by bladder outlet obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of muscarinic and purinergic receptors in rat urothelium, and changes in their distribution and expression following detrusor overactivity induced by bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (10) and BOO groups (20). Partial BOO was induced for 3 weeks and the rats assessed by cystometrography. A portion of the bladder was stained using immunofluorescence for M(2) and M(3) muscarinic receptors, and P2X(3) purinergic receptors. The remainder was dissected into bladder urothelium and the smooth muscle layer, and the expression of the receptor proteins analysed by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cystometrography showed a significant decrease in contraction interval and increase in contraction pressure in the BOO group. On immunofluorescence staining, muscarinic and purinergic receptors were localized in both the urothelium and the muscle layer. Immunoreactivity of M(2) and M(3) muscarinic receptors was greater in the urothelium of the BOO group than in the control group; there was a smaller increase in P2X(3) immunoreactivity. On Western blotting, the expression of M(2), M(3) and P2X(3) receptors was increased in the urothelium of the BOO group, and there was increased M(3) receptor expression in the muscle layer of the BOO group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were detectable changes in muscarinic and purinergic receptors with bladder overactivity induced by BOO. Our results suggest that changes in urothelium receptor expression could have a role in mediating the afferent sensory responses in the urinary bladder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea. kjc@catholic.ac.kr
authors.forename: Joon Chul
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Suk
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Eun Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sung Hoo
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Seong Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Tae-Kon
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000378:metabolism*; D011983:Receptors, Purinergic / Q000378:metabolism*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology*; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D011983:Receptors, Purinergic