Low folate status enhanced benzene-induced cytogenetic damage in bone marrow of mice: a relationship between dietary intake and tissue levels of folate.
We examined the protective effect of dietary folate on benzene-induced chromosomal damage in bone marrow of mice regarding folate levels in diet and tissue. Male mice were fed either a deficient, basal, or high folate diet (0, 2, or 8 mg/kg diet, respectively) for 4 wk followed by a single dose of benzene. Plasma folate levels corresponded to those of dietary intake. Meanwhile, bone marrow, erythrocyte, and liver folate were decreased to 40% in the deficient group and almost saturated in the high group. Plasma homocysteine levels negatively correlated to levels of tissue folate. Chromosomal damage, evaluated by micronucleus assay, was not affected by folate status alone but was markedly enhanced by benzene, particularly in the deficient group (P < 0.05 vs. the basal and high groups). The activities of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes did not enhance benzene metabolism in the deficient groups, indicating that enhanced chromosomal damage was solely due to the low folate status. These results suggest that a low folate status can increase the risk of benzene-induced chromosomal damage in bone marrow, but excess folate intake does not enhance protection, as it is saturated in tissue.
Endoh
Kaori
K
Information Center, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Murakami
Masahiro
M
Sugiyama
Tomomi
T
Taki
Yuko
Y
Umegaki
Keizo
K
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001554:Benzene / Q000633:toxicity; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000187:drug effects*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D005494:Folic Acid Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D011897:Random Allocation; D014803:Vitamin B Complex / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism
D006710:Homocysteine; D014803:Vitamin B Complex; D005492:Folic Acid; D001554:Benzene