title: Expression of HIF-1alpha in injured arteries controls SDF-1alpha mediated neointima formation in apolipoprotein E deficient mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha is the regulatory subunit of a transcriptional complex, which controls the recruitment of multipotent progenitor cells and tissue repair in ischemic tissue by inducing stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1alpha expression. Because HIF-1alpha can be activated under normoxic conditions in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) by platelet products, we investigated the role of HIF-1alpha in SDF-1alpha-mediated neointima formation after vascular injury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Wire-induced injury of the left carotid artery was performed in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. HIF-1alpha expression was increased in the media as early as 1 day after injury, predominantly in SMCs. Nuclear translocation of HIF-1alpha and colocalization with SDF-1alpha was detected in neointimal cells after 2 weeks. HIF-1alpha mRNA expression was induced at 6 hours after injury as determined by real-time RT-PCR. Inhibition of HIF-1alpha expression by local application of HIF-1alpha-siRNA reduced the neointimal area by 49% and significantly decreased the neointimal SMCs content compared with control-siRNA. HIF-1alpha and SDF-1alpha expression were clearly diminished in neointimal cells of HIF-1alpha-siRNA treated arteries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HIF-1alpha expression is directly involved in neointimal formation after vascular injury and mediates the upregulation of SDF-1alpha, which may affect the stem cell-based repair of injured arteries.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Medizinische Poliklinik, University of Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 8a, 80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Ela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karshovska
authors.forename: Alma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zernecke
authors.forename: Gueler
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sevilmis
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Millet
authors.forename: Mihail
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hristov
authors.forename: Clemens D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Krotz
authors.forename: Hae-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Klauss
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schober
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002465:Cell Movement; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; C515256:Cxcl12 protein, mouse; C497443:Hif1a protein, mouse; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering