title: Salvage laparoscopic extraperitoneal radical prostatectomy after failed high-intensity focused ultrasound and radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of salvage endoscopic extraperitoneal radical prostatectomy (EERPE) in cases of recurrent prostate cancer after high-intensity focused ultrasound therapy (HIFU) or radiotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine patients underwent salvage EERPE with curative intent for biopsy-proven, locally recurrent prostate cancer. Of these 9 patients, 3 had previously undergone HIFU and 6 radiotherapy. Perioperative parameters (operation time, estimated blood loss, conversion to open surgery rate, transfusion rate, transurethral catheter time), functional outcome, and short-term oncologic outcome were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean patient age was 63.3 years (range 48 to 74 years). Mean preoperative PSA value was 12.64 ng/mL and mean prostate weight was 49.2 g. Mean blood loss was 238 mL. There was no need for conversion to open surgery or transfusion. Mean operation time was 148 minutes, and mean total transurethral catheter time was 6 days. No intraoperative complications were reported. There was no clear difference in operation difficulty between the post-HIFU and postradiotherapy EERPE. After a mean follow-up of 17 months, 7 patients were completely continent, and 2 needed 1 to 2 pads per day. Three patients were potent before the surgical treatment, but no patient reported potency postoperatively. In 1 patient a PSA relapse (1.20 ng/mL) was recognized 12 months postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Salvage EERPE after failed HIFU and radiation therapy is a safe and efficient method to treat locally recurrent prostate cancer. Short-term oncologic and functional outcomes are promising, but further study should be made on the long-term oncologic outcomes of this technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. stolj@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
authors.forename: Jens-Uwe
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Stolzenburg
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bynens
authors.forename: Minh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Do
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rabenalt
authors.forename: Paraskevi F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Katsakiori
authors.forename: Evangelos
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liatsikos
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010537:Peritoneum; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D017211:Treatment Failure; D036761:Ultrasound, High-Intensity Focused, Transrectal