title: Telementoring for minimally invasive surgical training by wireless robot.
abstract: Hands-on training courses with local mentoring are excellent educational tools in laparoscopic surgery; however, the need for the physical presence of specialized instructors represents a limitation because of costs, time, and geographic constraints. Remote robotic telementoring using a wireless videoconferencing mobile robot could represent an alternative to local instruction. The authors compare local active and passive mentoring with remote robotic telementoring using the wireless RP-6 Robot that worked through a WiFi 802.11b connection during a hands-on laparoscopic training session. Surgeons were mentored once in France from the United States. Robot mentoring was well received and appreciated (assessment score of 2.65; scale, 0 to 4). There was no statistical difference in the different mentoring sessions (active, passive, and remote). Mobile wireless robot is a valuable tool in laparoscopic telementoring. Robotic-assisted telementoring may not replace onsite mentoring, but it may enhance educational opportunities and the quality of hands-on training courses by implementing tutoring with expert assistance from remote locations.
authors.affiliation: IRCAD/EITS, University Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sereno
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mutter
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dallemagne
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marescaux
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D004867:Equipment Design; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D012371:Robotics; D017216:Telemedicine