title: Effects of aerobic exercise on metabolic syndrome improvement in response to weight reduction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to test effects of aerobic exercise training on metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) improvement in response to weight reduction.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 459 overweight and obese women (age, 49 +/- 9 years; BMI, 28 +/- 3 kg/m(2)) were recruited for a baseline examination to test the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic syndrome prevalence; among these, 67 subjects with MetSyn were treated with 14-week weight-loss programs, which included low-calorie diet and aerobic exercise. The MetSyn was defined according to the Examination Committee of Criteria for "Metabolic Syndrome" in Japan. Maximal oxygen uptake (Vo(2max)) during a maximal cycling test was measured as an index of cardiorespiratory fitness at baseline and after the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the baseline examination, age- and BMI-adjusted odds ratios for MetSyn prevalence in the low, middle, and upper thirds of Vo(2max) were 1.0 (referent), 0.50 (95% confidence interval, 0.26 to 0.95), and 0.39 (95% confidence interval, 0.14 to 0.96), respectively (linear trend, p = 0.02). The adjusted odds ratios for MetSyn improvement in the two interventions with diet alone and diet plus exercise were 1.0 and 3.68 (95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 17.6; p = 0.04), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that adding aerobic exercise training to a dietary weight-reduction program further improves MetSyn (adjusted odds ratio, 3.68) in obese women, compared with diet alone. Further studies on an association between Vo(2max) change and MetSyn improvement are needed.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. okura@taiiku.tsukuba.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okura
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohkawara
authors.forename: Shigeharu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Numao
authors.forename: Yasutomi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Kiyoji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids