Short-term overfeeding increases resting energy expenditure in patients with HIV lipodystrophy.
BACKGROUND
HIV lipodystrophy and other lipodystrophy syndromes are characterized by extensive loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue. Lipodystrophy syndromes are also associated with increased resting energy expenditure (REE). This hypermetabolism may be an adaptive response to an inability to store triacylglycerol fuel in a normal manner.


OBJECTIVE
This study was done to determine whether REE increases significantly after short-term overfeeding in patients with HIV lipodystrophy.


METHODS
REE was measured in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy (n = 9) and in HIV-infected (n = 10) and healthy (n = 9) controls after 3 d on a eucaloric diet and again after 3 d on a diet of similar composition but increased in calories by 50%.


RESULTS
After 3 d of eucaloric feeding, REE was significantly higher in patients with HIV lipodystrophy [33.2 +/- 0.27 kcal/kg lean body mass (LBM)] than for both HIV-infected and healthy controls (29.9 +/- 0.26 and 29.6 +/- 0.27 kcal/kg LBM, respectively; P < 0.01). Furthermore, after 3 d of overfeeding, REE increased significantly in patients with HIV lipodystrophy but not in the control groups (33.2 +/- 0.27 vs 34.7 +/- 0.27 kcal/kg LBM; P < 0.01). Finally, postprandial thermogenesis did not differ among the groups after a "normal" test meal but tended to be higher in patients with HIV lipodystrophy than in healthy controls after a large test meal.


CONCLUSIONS
Adaptive thermogenesis in the resting component of total daily energy expenditure and in the postprandial period may be a feature of the HIV lipodystrophy syndrome and may be due to an inability to store triacylglycerol fuel in a normal manner.
Kosmiski
Lisa A
LA
Department of Medicine, University of Colorado at Denver, Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. lisa.kosmiski@uchsc.edu
Bessesen
Daniel H
DH
Stotz
Sarah A
SA
Koeppe
John R
JR
Horton
Tracy J
TJ
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001481:Basal Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
D014280:Triglycerides