title: Chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on photoreactive polymer-modified surfaces.
abstract: Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured on polystyrene surfaces modified with photoreactive azidophenyl-derivatives of three different chargeable polymers, poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc), polyallylamine (PAAm), and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The MSCs adhered and spread both on a PAAm-modified surface and on PAAc-modified and polystyrene (control) surfaces. However, the cells adhered more easily to the PAAm-modified surface. The MSCs did not attach to the PEG-modified surface and aggregated to form pellets immediately after cell seeding. The cells proliferated on the PAAc-, PAAm-modified and control surfaces with culture time, formed a monolayer, and aggregated to form pellets. The cells in the pellets that formed on the PAAm- and PEG-modified surfaces after 2 weeks culture had a round morphology and the extracellular matrices were positively stained by safranin O and toluidine blue, while those that formed on the PAAc-modified and control surfaces had a spindle, fibroblast-like morphology and were not positively stained by safranin O and toluidine blue. The pellets that formed on the PAAm- and PEG-modified surfaces contained significantly higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans than did those that formed on the PAAc-modified and control surfaces. Type II collagen and cartilage proteoglycan were immunohistologically detected in the pellets that formed on PAAm- and PEG-modified surfaces, but not those that formed on the PAAc-modified and control surfaces. The MSCs cultured on the PAAm- and PEG-modified surfaces expressed a high level of cartilaginous genes encoding type II collagen and aggrecan, while the MSCs cultured on the PAAc-modified and control surfaces did not express these genes. These results suggest that the PAAm-modified surface supported cell adhesion and proliferation and also promoted chondrogenic differentiation of the MSCs. The PAAc-modified and polystyrene surfaces supported cell adhesion and proliferation, but not chondrogenic differentiation. The PEG-modified surfaces did not support cell adhesion, but did promote chondrogenic differentiation. The adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of the MSCs could be controlled by surface chemistry.
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials Center, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
authors.forename: Likun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawazoe
authors.forename: Yujiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Junzo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tateishi
authors.forename: Xingdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guoping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010777:Photochemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D011509:Proteoglycans; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003094:Collagen