Specific features in the formation of the population of Siberia.
Population migration played the main role in the development of the North-East regions of Russia, and the processes of natural moving and reproduction of new generations were their after-effects. It is possible to mark out the main periods of population formation. The period of establishing from the beginning of development (the second half of the XVI century) to the 20th of the last century. The period of accomulation and intensive use of human resources (till the beginning of the 80th of the last century) when the population increased more than twice and reached 28 mln people, 3 mln of them living in the circumpolar regions. To the end of the 20th century the period of inert growth and stabilization of population numbers with the following stage of its decreasing. The main fundamental specific feature of Siberian population is its genetic diversity. This, on the one hand, points out the biological stability of the new generations of Siberian population and, on the other hand, predetermines the formation of peculiar features of pathology and the prevalence of the diseases among various categories and ethnic groups of the population. The intensive use of natural resources in Siberia (including people), inadequate social and economic development of Siberian territories are reflected in high levels of health loss in the population as the result of mortality, disability and morbidity caused by accidents and traumas, diseases of blood circulation system, respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases, malignant neoplasms, alcoholism, sexually transmitted diseases (which in some ethnic regions 1,5-5,5 times are above the average index for Russia) . Most of these diseases belong to the category of socially important pathology and reveal the problems of providing living conditions and medical care in these regions. We may suggest that despite of negative trends in health loss in Siberian population it is possible to preserve biological (genetic) stability of the new generations if the state and the society eliminate negative social-economic and ecological consequences of the development of the North-East regions in Russia.
Trufakin
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VA
Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russia. soramn@soramn.ru
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D014644:Genetic Variation; D042822:Genomic Instability; D006801:Humans; D011157:Population Dynamics; D012800:Siberia; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors