title: High-throughput immunophenotyping by surface plasmon resonance imaging.
abstract: Cell binding assays on antibody arrays permit the rapid immunophenotyping of living cells. The throughput of the analysis, however, is still limited due to our inability to perform parallel and quantitative detection of cells captured on the array. To address this limitation, we employed here an imaging technique based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). SPR has been frequently used to monitor capture of proteins on antibody microarrays, while few cases were reported for capture of cells. Antibody arrays were prepared through the photopatterning of an alkanethiol monolayer on a gold-evaporated glass plate and the subsequent immobilization of various antibodies onto 4-9 separate spots created by photopatterning. A glass slip was mounted onto the array with a thin spacer to construct a parallel-plate chamber. Leukemia cells were injected into the chamber to conduct a binding assay, while refractive index changes at the vicinity of the array surface were monitored by SPR imaging. We observed that SPR signals were intensified on specific antibody spots but not on nonspecific spots. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that the observed SPR signals were attributed to cell deformations caused by multivalent interactions with immobilized antibody, which effectively elevated the refractive index of a medium phase within an evanescent field. This effect could be suitably utilized to monitor quantitatively cell binding to multiple spots from a heterogeneous cell population.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Toshinari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishimuro
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arima
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Hiroo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwata
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies