title: [Triple-color primed in situ labeling protocol of human metaphase chromosomes].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the feasibility of simultaneous detection for several chromosomes with optimized triple-color primed in situ labelling (PRINS) protocol in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pre-test of gonosome detection with dual-color PRINS protocol was performed to explore and optimize the order and condition of PRINS primers. A peripheral blood sample from a Klinefelter's syndrome patient (47, XXY) had also been studied with optimized triple-color PRINS to prove the correspondence between the number of signals and chromosomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chromosome 18, X and Y had been simultaneously and specifically marked within 3 hours. The frequency of successful labeling reached 90% both in dual-color and triple-color test. Two chromosome X had been correctly showed in lymphocyte sample of Klinerfelter's syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Numerical chromosome anomalies could be rapidly and exactly detected with this non-ddNTP-blocking multicolor PRINS protocol in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The results of in situ labeling are much clearer with inner control.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medical Genetics, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065 PR China.
authors.forename: Di-shi
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xian-ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D003116:Color; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D007713:Klinefelter Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008677:Metaphase / Q000235:genetics*; D020401:Primed In Situ Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity