title: Comparison of calcium phosphate product values using measurement of plasma total calcium and serum ionized calcium.
abstract: Calcium phosphate product (Ca x Pi) is a clinically relevant tool to estimate the cardiovascular risk of patients with renal failure. In reports, mostly total serum calcium has been used. As measurement of serum ionized calcium has some benefits and is being used increasingly, we estimated the respective levels of calcium phosphate product using both total (t-Ca x Pi) and ionized calcium (ion-Ca x Pi). Fifty-eight healthy individuals and 180 hemodialysis (HD) patients from 2 centers were studied. Diagnostic accuracies for corresponding values of the t-Ca x Pi and ion-Ca x Pi were calculated using a GraphROC program. Of HD patients, 64% had t-Ca x Pi <4.4 mmol(2)/L(2) regarded as a desirable goal, and 10% had values over 5.6 mmol(2)/L(2) associated with a high cardiovascular risk. Based on GraphROC analysis, t-Ca x Pi of 4.4 mmol(2)/L(2) corresponded to a value of 2.2 mmol(2)/L(2) of ion-Ca x Pi and, respectively, t-Ca x Pi of 5.6 mmol(2)/L(2) corresponded 2.8 mmol(2)/L(2) of ion-Ca x Pi. Owing to the good agreement between the results in the 2 centers, these values for risk levels can be used in both centers. When measurement of ionized calcium is used, Ca x Pi values of 2.2 and 2.8 mmol(2)/L(2) can be used instead of generally used values of 4.4 and 5.6 mmol(2)/L(2) with total calcium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Turku University Central Hospital, Turku, Finland. risto.tertti@tyks.fi
authors.forename: Risto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tertti
authors.forename: Aimo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harmoinen
authors.forename: Yrjö
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Leskinen
authors.forename: Kaj P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Metsärinne
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saha
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007477:Ions / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012016:Reference Values; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D007477:Ions; D012709:Serum Albumin; D002118:Calcium