title: The AA genotype of the regulatory BCL2 promoter polymorphism ( 938C>A) is associated with a favorable outcome in lymph node negative invasive breast cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Expression of the antiapoptotic and antiproliferative protein Bcl-2 has been repeatedly shown to be associated with better clinical outcome in breast cancer. We recently showed a novel regulatory (-938C>A) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the inhibitory P2 BCL2 gene promoter generating significantly different BCL2 promoter activities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paraffin-embedded neoplastic and nonneoplastic tissues from 274 patients (161 still alive after a follow-up period of at least 80 months) with primary unilateral invasive breast carcinoma were investigated. Bcl-2 expression of tumor cells was shown by immunohistochemistry; nonneoplastic tissues were used for genotyping. Both the Bcl-2 expression and the (-938C>A) genotypes were correlated with the patients' survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Kaplan-Meier curves revealed a significant association of the AA genotype with increased survival (P = 0.030) in lymph node-negative breast cancer patients, whereas no genotype effect could be observed in lymph node-positive cases. Ten-year survival rates were 88.6% for the AA genotype, 78.4% for the AC genotype, and 65.8% for the CC genotype. Multivariable Cox regression identified the BCL2 (-938CC) genotype as an independent prognostic factor for cancer-related death in lymph node-negative breast carcinoma patients (hazard ratio, 3.59; P = 0.032). Immunohistochemical Bcl-2 expression was significantly associated with the clinical outcome of lymph node-positive but not of lymph node-negative breast cancer patients. In lymph node-negative cases, the (-938C>A) SNP was both significantly related with the immunohistochemically determined level of Bcl-2 expression (P = 0.044) and the survival of patients with Bcl-2-expressing carcinomas (P = 0.006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest the (-938C>A) polymorphism as a survival prognosticator as well as indicator of a high-risk group within patients with lymph node-negative breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacogenetics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany. hagen.bachmann@uk-essen.de
authors.forename: Hagen S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Otterbach
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Callies
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nückel
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bau
authors.forename: Kurt W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Winfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Siffert
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kimmig
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D012306:Risk; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2