title: Treatment outcomes of radiotherapy for patients with stage I esophageal cancer: a single institute experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of radiotherapy for patients with stage I esophageal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1995 to 2005, 34 patients with superficial thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma without lymph node metastasis were treated with radiotherapy at our institute. Patient characteristics were as follows: median age, 68 years; range, 47 to 84 years; male:female, 33:1; performance status, 0/1/2/3 = 23/9/1/1; T1a/T1b = 4/30. Median fraction and total doses of external irradiation given were 2.0 Gy and 60 Gy, respectively. Twenty-three patients had local irradiation to the primary lesion only; the remaining 11 patients received regional field irradiation, including one or 2 regional lymph node areas. Only one patient received adjuvant intracavitary radiotherapy after radiotherapy. Thirty of the patients received concurrent chemotherapy, most of the regimens of which included cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 5 patients. Fifteen patients (44%) had coexisting malignancies. The median follow-up was 38 months (range, 8-107 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5-year overall, cause-specific, and local-progression-free survival rates were 50.4%, 91.2%, and 81.1%, respectively. Of the 34 patients, 6 had in-field local recurrence, and one had recurrence in the esophagus outside of the irradiated field. Two patients experienced regional lymph node metastasis outside of the irradiated field, and one had distant metastasis. Two patients received salvage surgery, and 4 patients received salvage intracavitary radiotherapy after local recurrence. A late toxicity greater than grade 2 was not observed in any patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radiotherapy is an effective treatment modality for patients with stage I esophageal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan. tsasaki@nk-cc.go.jp
authors.forename: Tomonari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Katsumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shioyama
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toh
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohura
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011859:Radiography; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome