title: In vivo imaging of transplanted hepatocytes with a 1.5-T clinical MRI system--initial experience in mice.
abstract: The feasibility of in vitro mature mouse hepatocyte labeling with a novel iron oxide particle was assessed and the ability of 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to track labeled mouse hepatocytes in syngenic recipient livers following intraportal cell transplantation was tested. Mouse hepatocytes were incubated with anionic iron oxide nanoparticles at various iron concentrations. Cell viability was assessed and iron oxide particle uptake quantified. Labeled hepatocytes were intraportally injected into 20 mice, while unlabeled hepatocytes were injected into two mice. Liver T2 values, spleen-to-muscle relative signal intensity (RI( spleen/muscle )), and liver-to-muscle relative signal intensity (RI( liver/muscle )) on gradient-echo T2-weighted imaging after injection of either labeled or unlabeled hepatocytes were compared with an ANOVA test followed by Fisher's a posteriori PLSD test. Livers, spleens and lungs were collected for histological analysis. Iron oxide particle uptake was saturable with a maximum iron content of 20 pg per cell and without viability alteration after 3 days of culture. Following labeled-cell transplantation, recipient livers showed well-defined nodular foci of low signal intensity on MRI--consistent with clusters of labeled hepatocytes on pathological analysis--combined with a significant decrease in both liver T2 values and liver-to-muscle RI( liver/muscle ) (P = 0.01) with minimal T2 values demonstrated 8 days after transplantation. Conventional MRI can demonstrate the presence of transplanted iron-labeled mature hepatocytes in mouse liver.
authors.affiliation: Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Radiology Department, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luciani
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parouchev
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Smirnov
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Braga
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wilhelm
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gazeau
authors.forename: Lyes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boudechiche
authors.forename: Aurore
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: L'hermine-Coulomb
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dagher
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rahmouni
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hadchouel
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Clement
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D003287:Contrast Media; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000637:transplantation*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D053758:Nanoparticles; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds