title: Effects of grain processing and dietary lipid source on performance, carcass characteristics, plasma fatty acids, and sensory properties of steaks from finishing cattle.
abstract: An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of grain processing and lipid addition to finishing diets on cattle performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality. Eighty Hereford x Angus steers (384 kg +/- 17 kg of BW) were fed diets containing steam-flaked corn (SFC) or dry-rolled corn (DRC) with and without the addition of tallow (SFC/Fat and DRC/Fat) or steam-flaked corn with ground flaxseed (SFC/Flax). Ribeye steaks from steers fed SFC, SFC/Fat, or SFC/ Flax were used to evaluate the effects of fat source on meat quality. Cattle fed SFC and SFC/Fat tended to have greater ADG, G:F, HCW, and USDA yield grade, compared with those fed DRC and DRC/Fat (P < 0.10). Steaks from steers fed SFC/Flax developed a detectable off-flavor (P < 0.05) compared with steaks from steers fed SFC and SFC/Fat, and steaks from steers fed SFC retained desirable color longer than those from steers fed SFC/Flax (P < 0.05). Feeding SFC/Flax increased deposition of alpha-linolenic acid in muscle tissue compared with feeding SFC or SFC/Fat (P < 0.01). Dietary treatment did not cause differences in tenderness, juiciness, or flavor intensity. Ground flaxseed can replace tallow in finishing diets without loss in performance, but flax may affect flavor and color stability of beef. Feeding flaxseed can effectively alter composition of carcass tissues to yield beef that is high in n-3 fatty acids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506, USA.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: LaBrune
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Reinhardt
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Dikeman
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Drouillard
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D003116:Color; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002523:Edible Grain; D005223:Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D019597:Flax / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis / Q000592:standards*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003313:Zea mays / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005223:Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; C013698:tallow