title: Physiological glucose is critical for optimized neuronal viability and AMPK responsiveness in vitro.
abstract: Understanding the mechanisms that govern neuronal responses to oxidative and metabolic stress is essential for therapeutic intervention. In vitro modeling is an important approach for these studies, as the metabolic environment influences neuronal responses. Surprisingly, most neuronal culture methods employ conditions that are non-physiological, especially with regards to glucose concentrations, which often exceed 20mM. This concentration is a significant departure from physiological glucose levels, and even several-fold greater than that seen during severe hyperglycemia. The goal of this study was to establish a physiological neuronal culture system that will facilitate the study of neuronal energy metabolism and responses to metabolic stress. We demonstrate that the metabolic environment during preparation, plating, and maintenance of cultures affects neuronal viability and the response of neuronal pathways to changes in energy balance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Amy M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kleman
authors.forename: Jason Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aja
authors.forename: Gabriele V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Ronnett
authors.forename: Leslie E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Landree
mesh_terms: D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000620:Aminoimidazole Carboxamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012265:Ribonucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C406734:4-methylene-2-octyl-5-oxofuran-3-carboxylic acid; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D012265:Ribonucleotides; D000620:Aminoimidazole Carboxamide; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; C031143:AICA ribonucleotide; D005947:Glucose; D015107:4-Butyrolactone