title: The effect of casting procedures on rotational misfit in castable abutments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Misfit of implant components has been linked to restorative complications such as screw loosening. Although previous studies have shown a correlation between rotational misfit and screw loosening, the impact of casting procedures on rotational misfit is lacking. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of casting procedures on rotational misfit of cast abutments when compared to machined titanium abutments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight external hexagonal implants and 48 abutments were placed in 4 groups of 12 samples each: (1) machined titanium abutments, (2) premachined palladium abutments cast-on with palladium, (3) plastic burnout abutments cast with nickel chromium, and (4) plastic burnout abutments cast with cobalt chromium. Rotational misfit between the external hexagon of the implant and the internal hexagon of the abutment was measured using standardized techniques and recorded in degrees. Mean values for each group were analyzed with analysis of variance and Tukey test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean rotational misfit was 1.21 +/- 0.57 degrees for machined titanium abutments, 1.77 +/- 130 degrees for cast-on abutments, 1.98 +/- 0.72 degrees for cast NiCr abutments, and 2.79 +/- 1.13 degrees for cast CoCr abutments. Significantly greater rotational misfit was recorded with cast CoCr abutments when compared to machined titanium abutments (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rotational misfit was less than 2 degrees for all groups except for cast CoCr abutments, which demonstrated a significantly greater rotational misfit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, USA. stekano@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Stefania C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kano
authors.forename: Paul P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Binon
authors.forename: Gerson
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bonfante
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Curtis
mesh_terms: D002858:Chromium Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D000044:Dental Abutments; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D003735:Dental Casting Technique; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry; D012399:Rotation; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002858:Chromium Alloys; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003764:Dental Materials; D010165:Palladium; D014025:Titanium