Central role of ILT3 in the T suppressor cell cascade.
CD8+ T suppressor cells differentiate both in vivo and in vitro upon chronic exposure of responding T cells to allogeneic APC. These Ts are allospecific and exhibit their function interacting directly with priming APC which they render tolerogenic. Tolerogenicity of professional and non-professional human APC, such as dendritic cells and endothelial cells, respectively is due to the upregulation of the inhibitory receptors ILT3 and ILT4. ILT3 signals both intracellularly, inhibiting NF-kappaB activation, and transcription of costimulatory molecules, and extracellularly, inducing anergy and regulatory function in T cells with cognate specificity. Both membrane and soluble ILT3 are proteins with potent immunosuppressive activity which are of importance for treatment of rejection, autoimmunity and cancer.
Suciu-Foca
Nicole
N
Columbia University, Department of Pathology, 630 West 168th Street-P&S 14-401, New York, NY 10032, USA. ns20@columbia.edu
Cortesini
Raffaello
R
D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells; D042783:Endothelial Cells; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007154:Immune System Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C491341:LILRB2 protein, human; C107907:LILRB4 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic