title: A case of plastic bronchitis presenting 9 years after Fontan.
abstract: A 15-year-old boy with hypoplastic left heart syndrome experienced plastic bronchitis 9 years after completion of a nonfenestrated lateral tunnel Fontan. Despite cardiac catheterization with coil embolization of collateral vessels and initiation of a pulmonary toilet regimen, including aerosolized tissue plasminogen activator, he continued to expectorate large acellular-mucinous casts. Finally, after optimization of cardiac function with the addition of carvedilol, the expectorated casts decreased in number. This report reviews pathophysiology of plastic bronchitis cast formation and therapy in the context of this late presentation after Fontan.
authors.affiliation: Medical University of South Carolina, Children's Heart Program of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA. zaccagn@musc.edu
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Zaccagni
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kirchner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brownlee
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bloom
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000293:Adolescent; D000336:Aerosols; D001991:Bronchitis / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077261:Carvedilol; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018729:Fontan Procedure; D006801:Humans; D018636:Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012074:Remission Induction; D013997:Time Factors; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D002227:Carbazoles; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D011412:Propanolamines; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000077261:Carvedilol; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator