title: Comparison of triamcinolone acetonide, 11-deoxycortisol and other lipid formulae for the visualization of vitreous body in the anterior chamber after posterior capsule rupture in animal models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The efficacy and toxicity of triamcinolone acetonide and other lipid formulae--calcium palmitate, cholesterol and 11-deoxycortisol--in the visualization of the prolapsed vitreous body in the anterior chamber after posterior capsule rupture were investigated in animal models.
  
  
  METHODS
  In porcine eyes, a suspension of calcium palmitate, cholesterol, triamcinolone acetonide and 11-deoxycortisol was injected into the anterior chamber after intentionally creating posterior capsule rupture. Following gentle irrigation and aspiration, the vitreous body prolapsed in the anterior chamber was removed using an anterior vitrectomy cutter. In phakic rabbit eyes, the side-effects of the reagents were assessed for biomicroscopic appearance, intraocular pressure (IOP) and corneal histology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The suspension of calcium palmitate, cholesterol, triamcinolone acetonide and 11-deoxycortisol was effective in the visualization of the vitreous body prolapsed in the anterior chamber after posterior capsule rupture. When cholesterol and calcium palmitate were injected into the anterior chamber, they remained there; this induced a significant increase in IOP and corneal oedema. In contrast, most of the triamcinolone acetonide and 11-deoxycortisol that was injected into the anterior chamber had disappeared a day after the injection without affecting IOP or corneal endothelial density. When injected into the intravitreous cavity, triamcinolone led to a significant increase in IOP 2 and 4 weeks after the injection. However, calcium palmitate, cholesterol and 11-deoxycortisol injected into the vitreous cavity had no effect on IOP at 4 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The suspension of triamcinolone acetonide and 11-deoxycortisol was effective in visualizing the vitreous body prolapsed in the anterior chamber after posterior capsule rupture. However, the amount of the reagent must be kept to a minimum to prevent the potential risk of ocular toxicities and postoperative late-onset ocular hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. sanken-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaji
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiraoka
authors.forename: Fumiki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asano
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oshika
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000867:Anterior Chamber / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000009:adverse effects; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology; D015715:Corneal Edema / Q000139:chemically induced; D003350:Cortodoxone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007267:Injections; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D007903:Lens Capsule, Crystalline / Q000293:injuries*; D008055:Lipids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D011391:Prolapse; D011817:Rabbits; D012421:Rupture / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013552:Swine; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D002784:Cholesterol; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide; D003350:Cortodoxone