title: Transitional cell carcinoma in the paediatric population: be aware of unusual aetiologies.
abstract: This is a case report of a 12 year old girl who presented with a rare condition in paediatrics, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. It is important because it is readily treated by endoscopic means if diagnosed early. Potential aetiologies for this unusual condition are explored.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Southern Health, Department of Surgery, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Caroline R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Dowling
authors.forename: Dinah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reddihough
authors.forename: Phillipa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McNeill
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Clouston
mesh_terms: D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000188:drug therapy; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D003620:Dantrolene / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria; D006801:Humans; D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central / Q000009:adverse effects; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central; D003620:Dantrolene