title: Adhesion molecule interactions facilitate human immunodeficiency virus type 1-induced virological synapse formation between T cells.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can spread between CD4+ T cells by using a virological synapse (VS). The VS assembly is a cytoskeleton-driven process dependent on HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env)-receptor engagement and is hypothesized to require adhesion molecule interactions. Here we demonstrate that leukocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and ICAM-3 are enriched at the VS and that inhibition of these interactions influences conjugate formation and reduces VS assembly. Moreover, CD4+ T cells deficient in LFA-1 or with modified LFA-1 function were less able to support VS assembly and cell-cell transfer of HIV-1. Thus, cognate adhesion molecule interactions at the VS are important for HIV-1 spread between T cells.
authors.affiliation: The Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, The University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom. clare.jolly@path.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jolly
authors.forename: Ivonne
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mitar
authors.forename: Quentin J
authors.initials: QJ
authors.lastname: Sattentau
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007365:Intercellular Junctions / Q000378:metabolism*; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C483616:ICAM3 protein, human; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1