title: The monoamine oxidase inhibitor phenelzine enhances the discriminative stimulus effect of nicotine in rats.
abstract: In addition to delivering nicotine, tobacco smoke also inhibits monoamine oxidase (MAO). Although MAO inhibitors (MAOIs) can increase nicotine self-administration in rodents, the effects of MAOIs on the discriminative stimulus effect of nicotine are not known. This study examined the effects of three MAOIs (phenelzine, clorgyline and pargyline) with varying selectivity for MAOA and MAOB in the nicotine drug discrimination procedure in rats. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to discriminate nicotine (0.3 mg/kg, subcutaneously) from saline in a standard, two-lever food-reinforced operant task. Once the discrimination was acquired, the ability of each MAOI to substitute for or alter the discriminative stimulus effect of nicotine was determined. In substitution tests, nicotine (0.03-0.3 mg/kg) produced full, dose-dependent substitution. Although the selective MAOA inhibitor clorgyline (3-56 mg/kg) and the selective MAOB inhibitor pargyline (3-56 mg/kg) did not elicit any nicotine-appropriate responding, partial substitution was obtained with the nonselective MAO inhibitor phenelzine (1-17 mg/kg). Phenelzine (10 mg/kg) also enhanced the discriminative stimulus effect of a low dose of nicotine (0.056 mg/kg) and prolonged the time course effect of the nicotine-training dose. These findings indicate that concomitant inhibition of MAOA and MAOB can enhance the discriminative stimulus effect of nicotine in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0509, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Wooters
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Bardo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003010:Clorgyline / Q000494:pharmacology; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008297:Male; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010293:Pargyline / Q000494:pharmacology; D010624:Phenelzine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012646:Self Administration
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D009538:Nicotine; D010293:Pargyline; D003010:Clorgyline; D010624:Phenelzine