title: Psychosocial factors related to cardiovascular disease risk in UK South Asian men: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the exposure to psychosocial factors associated with cardiovascular risk in UK South Asian and white European men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interview study of 63 healthy UK South Asian and 42 white European men aged 35-75 years, randomly selected from a larger study group in West London. Interviews were administered in Punjabi and English. Measures of psychosocial and cardiovascular risk factors were obtained.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ealing Hospital, West London.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The South Asian men had lived in the UK for an average of 27.9 (SD 11.6) years, and had higher educational attainment than the white Europeans. Compared with the white Europeans, the South Asian men lived in significantly more crowded homes, experienced lower job control, greater financial strain, lower neighbourhood social cohesion and more racial harassment. They received less emotional support, and were more depressed and less optimistic on standard questionnaires. These men also had higher waist/hip ratios and were more sedentary, but there were no significant ethnic differences in biological risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  South Asian men living in London showed a higher risk profile in psychosocial factors thought to contribute to cardiovascular disease risk. This preliminary investigation is consistent with the possibility that psychosocial adversity contributes to increased vulnerability to coronary heart disease in South Asians resident in the UK.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK. emily.williams@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Emily D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Ishminder
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kooner
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steptoe
authors.forename: Jaspal S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kooner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001208:Asia / Q000208:ethnology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012944:Social Support; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People