title: Yin Yang dynamic neurobiological modeling and diagnostic analysis of major depressive and bipolar disorders.
abstract: Since millions suffer from major depressive and bipolar disorders, the modeling, characterization, classification, and diagnostic analysis of such mental disorders bear great significance in medical and pharmaceutical research. YinYang bipolar sets are introduced for neurobiological modeling and diagnostic analysis of such disorders. It is shown that bipolar sets and a bipolar dynamic modus ponens (BDMP) build a technological bridge from a linear, static, and closed world to a nonlinear, dynamic, and open world of equilibria, quasi-equilibria, or nonequilibria and provide a novel model for bipolar neurobiological diagnostic analysis with added rigor to the current standard. It is shown that bipolar inference can help in understanding both the classic manifestations and the counterintuitive symptoms of bipolar disorders with applications in clinical psychopharmacology. Mathematical and visual characterizations of core features of such disorders are presented. A unified diagnosis and outcome model of different treatments are presented for different types of bipolar disorders. The significance and novelty of this work is twofold: (1) it introduces YinYang into biomedicine for the understanding of certain neurobiological disorders and fosters a new standard model for clinical, therapeutic, and pharmacological research and applications; (2) it presents a mathematical basis for the characterization of mood regulation in individuals and/or a cohort of patients with applications in biomedical engineering and potential applications in nanotechnologies for integrated care of major depressive and bipolar disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, College of Information Technology, P.O. Box 7997, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460-7997, USA. wrzhang@georgiasouthern.edu
authors.forename: Wen-Ran
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Anand K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Pandurangi
authors.forename: Karl E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Peace
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D004360:Drug Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009446:Neurobiology / Q000379:methods; D016709:Yin-Yang
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents