title: Oxidant-induced cardiomyocyte injury: identification of the cytoprotective effect of a dopamine 1 receptor agonist using a cell-based high-throughput assay.
abstract: Myocyte injury due to myocardial reperfusion injury plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction even after successful coronary revascularization. Identification of compounds that reduce reperfusion-associated myocyte death is important. Therefore, we developed an in vitro model of myocardial reperfusion injury in H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes and applied a cell-based high-throughput approach to screen a standard library of pharmacologically active compounds (LOPAC) in order to identify drugs with cardioprotective effects. Oxidative stress was induced with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment, which resulted in approximately 50% reduction in cell viability. Test compounds were added at a 3-microM final concentration as a pretreatment or in a delayed fashion (30 min after the peroxide challenge in order to imitate pharmacological treatment following angioplasty). Cells were cultured for 3 or 24 h. Viability was quantitated with the methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide method. Cytotoxicity and cytoprotection were also evaluated by measuring the lactate dehydrogenase activity in the cell culture supernatant. The screening identified a number of compounds with cytoprotective action, including molecules that are known to interfere with components of DNA repair and cell cycle progression, e.g. poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, topoisomerase inhibitors, and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors, or reduce energy consumption by interfering with cardiac myofilament function. A number of dopamine D1 receptor agonists also provided significant cytoprotection at 3 h, but only three of them showed a similar effect at 24 h: chloro- and bromo-APB and chloro-PB hydrobromide. Chloro-APB hydrobromide significantly reduced peroxide-induced PARP activation in the myocytes independently of its action on dopamine D1 receptors, but lacked PARP inhibitor capacity in a cell-free PARP assay system. In conclusion, the pattern of cytoprotective drugs identified in the current assay supports the overall validity of our model system. The findings demonstrate that cytoprotective agents, including novel indirect inhibitors of cellular PARP activation can be identified with the method, chloro-APB hydrobromide being one such compound. The current experimental setting can be employed for cell-based high-throughput screening of various compound libraries.
authors.affiliation: CellScreen Applied Research Center, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Domokos
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gerö
authors.forename: Katalin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Módis
authors.forename: Nóra
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Szoleczky
authors.forename: Zoltán Dóri
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Tóth
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dormán
authors.forename: Csaba
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Szabó
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D001965:Bromides / Q000494:pharmacology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects*; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001965:Bromides; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; C434926:N-(oxo-5,6-dihydrophenanthridin-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylacetamide hydrochloride; D016877:Oxidants; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases