title: Vectors selected from adeno-associated viral display peptide libraries for leukemia cell-targeted cytotoxic gene therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  For acute myeloid leukemia (AML), gene therapy may be used to treat patients refractory to conventional chemotherapy. However, availability of vectors sufficiently and specifically transducing this cell type is very limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here we report the selection of capsid-modified adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors targeting Kasumi-1 AML cells by screening random AAV displayed peptide libraries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The peptide inserts of the enriched capsid mutants share a common sequence motif. The same motif was selected in an independent library screening on HL-60 AML cells. Recombinant targeted vectors displaying the selected peptides transduced the target leukemia cells they have been selected on up to 500-fold more efficiently compared to AAV vectors with control peptide inserts. One of the selected clones (NQVGSWS) also efficiently transduced all members of a panel of four other AML cell lines. Binding and blocking experiments showed that NQVGSWS binding to leukemia cells is independent of the wild-type AAV-2 receptor heparin sulfate proteoglycan. Transduction assays on a panel of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cell lines showed that the NQVGSWS capsid was able to overcome resistance to AAV transduction, especially in hematopoietic cancer cells, whereas normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells and CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells were not transduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consequently, recombinant targeted NQVGSWS AAV vectors harboring a suicide gene conferred selective killing to Kasumi-1 cells, but not to control cells. This suggests that the AAV mutant selected here may be used as a tool to target therapeutic genes to AML cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Michelfelder
authors.forename: Mi-Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Elisethe
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: deLima-Hahn
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wilmes
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kaul
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Jürgen A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kleinschmidt
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trepel
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D017931:DNA Primers; D000229:Dependovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015774:Ganciclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D019151:Peptide Library; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000235:genetics; D014161:Transduction, Genetic
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D017931:DNA Primers; D019151:Peptide Library; D013937:Thymidine Kinase; D015774:Ganciclovir