title: [Treatment of the congenital exstrophy of bladder].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To sum up the methods repairing the congenital bladder exstrophy, and to evaluate the value of the abdominal fascial flap and the lower abdominal skin flap, the tensor fascia lata musculocutaneous flap treating the bladder exstrophy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The abdominal rectus sheath and the fascia flap of obliquus externus abdominal and the lower abdominal skin flap, or the tensor fascia lata musculocutaneous flap were used to repair the abdominal wall defection, meanwhile repair the epispadias. The maximum field of the musculocutaneous flaps was 8 cm x 10 cm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  12 cases were cured. The bladder exstrophy and the abdominal wall defection were repaired very well. The musculus sphincter bladder neck was reconstructed. After the second operation, the cases could urinate under self-control. 2 skin flaps of 8 musculocutaneous flaps were necrosis and cured by skin grafting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using the abdominal fascial flap and the lower abdominal skin flap, or the tensor fascia lata musculocutaneous flap, is feasible for repairing the bladder exstrophy and the lower abdominal wall defection. The continuous of the musculus sphincter bladder were renewed, and then the patients could urinate under self-control. When the ischemia of the musculocutaneous flaps had occurred, the tensor fascial was survived well.
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100041, China.
authors.forename: Yang-qun
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Sen-kai
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ming-yong
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chuan-de
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yong-qian
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005205:Fascia / Q000637:transplantation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D017568:Rectus Abdominis / Q000637:transplantation*; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000002:abnormalities*; D055815:Young Adult