title: Phase I study of oxaliplatin, full-dose gemcitabine, and concurrent radiation therapy in pancreatic cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine a biweekly dose of oxaliplatin for combination with full-dose gemcitabine and concurrent radiation therapy (RT) in pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with previously untreated pancreatic cancer received gemcitabine days 1, 8, and 15, and oxaliplatin days 1 and 15, repeated at 28-day intervals. RT (27 Gy in 1.8-Gy fractions) was administered during cycle 1. Dose escalation was guided using the time-to-event continuous reassessment method. Dose levels 1 to 4 included gemcitabine 1 g/m2 intravenously (IV) during 30 minutes and oxaliplatin 40, 55, 70, or 85 mg/m2 IV during 90 minutes, respectively; for dose levels 5 and 6, oxaliplatin dose remained 85 mg/m2 but infusion time for gemcitabine 1 g/m2 was increased to 65 or 100 minutes, respectively. The trial objective was to determine the dose level associated with dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) through cycle 2 in < or = 20% of patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-four patients were enrolled (median age, 64 years; 27 men, 17 women) with resectable (n = 12), unresectable (n = 29), and metastatic (n = 3) pancreatic cancer. Ten DLTs occurred in nine patients, including grade 4 platelets (n = 4), decline in performance status (n = 2), GI bleeding (n = 2), and GI toxicity (n = 2). The estimated probability of DLT for dose level 3 was .21 (90% posterior probability interval [PI], .12 to .33); for dose level 4, the estimated probability was .24 (90% PI, .14 to .36).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 days 1 and 15 to full-dose gemcitabine and radiation therapy was well tolerated. On the basis of these results, a multi-institutional neoadjuvant phase II study in resectable pancreatic cancer is planned.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0934, USA.
authors.forename: Sameer P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ben-Josef
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Normolle
authors.forename: Isaac R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: Joel K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Greenson
authors.forename: Diane M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Simeone
authors.forename: Alfred E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Colletti
authors.forename: Theodore S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: Mark M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Zalupski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008875:Middle Aged; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000093542:Gemcitabine