title: Triterpenoid saponin, oleanolic acid 3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-l-arabinopyranoside (OA) from Aralia elata inhibits LPS-induced nitric oxide production by down-regulated NF-kappaB in raw 264.7 cells.
abstract: It is well known that the pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PG)E(2) are involved in several inflammatory diseases and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can stimulate these inflammatory responses. Oleanolic acid 3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-l-arabinopyranoside (OA) was purified from edible plant Aralia elata. OA inhibited LPS-induced NO and PGE(2) production in raw 264.7 murine macrophages in a dose-dependent manner and RT-PCR analysis indicated OA inhibited mRNA transcriptions of iNOS and COX-2 genes in LPS-induced cells. EMSA and Western blot analysis revealed that OA drastically reduced NF-kappaB translocation by the inhibition effects of LPS-induced phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha. In addition, it was found that OA inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK MAPK, and the treatment of U0126 in LPS-induced raw 264.7 cells showed significant inhibition activity on the NO production and the phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha. Taken together, it is suggested that OA from A. elata has an anti-inflammatory activity via down-regulation of NF-kappaB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Chunchun-Dong 300, Jangan-Gu, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do 440-746, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seok-Jong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Un-Ho
authors.initials: UH
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Kyung-Woon
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong-Keun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Seung Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kun-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Hyen Wook
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Young-Choon
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Cheorl-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D027983:Aralia / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism*; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; C049778:anemodeanin A; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse