title: Prolonged exposure to reduced levels of androgen accelerates prostate cancer progression in Nkx3.1; Pten mutant mice.
abstract: In this report, we have investigated the relationship between androgen levels and prostate tumorigenesis in Nkx3.1; Pten mutant mice, a genetically engineered mouse model of human prostate cancer. By experimentally manipulating serum levels of testosterone in these mice for an extended period (i.e., 7 months), we have found that prolonged exposure of Nkx3.1; Pten mutant mice to androgen levels that are 10-fold lower than normal (the "Low-T" group) resulted in a marked acceleration of prostate tumorigenesis compared with those exposed to androgen levels within the reference range (the "Normal-T" group). We found that prostate tumors from the Low-T mutant mice share a similar gene expression profile as androgen-independent prostate tumors from these mutant mice, which includes the deregulated expression of several genes that are up-regulated in human hormone-refractory prostate cancer, such as Vav3 and Runx1. We propose that exposure to reduced androgens may promote prostate tumorigenesis by selecting for molecular events that promote more aggressive, hormone-refractory tumors.
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: Whitney
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Banach-Petrosky
authors.forename: Walter J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Jessen
authors.forename: Xuesong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Jayashree
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: Bruce J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Aronow
authors.forename: Cory
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abate-Shen
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D018450:Disease Progression; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009919:Orchiectomy; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D043343:Testosterone Propionate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C102837:Nkx3-1 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D043343:Testosterone Propionate