Androgen receptor gene polymorphism may affect the risk of urothelial carcinoma.
The study sought to explore if androgen receptor gene (AR) polymorphisms are associated with the risk of urothelial carcinoma (UC) which is male-predominant. AR CAG and GGN repeat lengths were analyzed in 277 UC cases and 280 age and sex-matched controls by direct sequencing of leukocyte DNA. Smoking habits were obtained using a structured questionnaire interview. Relative risks were compared between groups categorized by all possible cutoffs of AR CAG and GGN repeat lengths. Men and women who had 23 and 44 (cumulative) CAG repeats had a significantly greater risk of UC, respectively (OR 2.09, 95% CI: 1.05-4.17, p = 0.036 and OR 4.95, 95% CI: 1.56-15.73, p = 0.007). Amongst males who were medium-dose cigarette smokers, those who had 23 CAG and shorter GGN (<22) repeats, had an elevated risk than those with longer CAG and GGN (OR 4.32 and 4.57, p = 0.034 and 0.042, respectively). However, neither CAG nor GGN affected the UC risk in non-smokers or heavy smokers (> or =25 packs per day-years). AR CAG polymorphism may affect the risk of UC in both genders. In addition, AR polymorphisms may influence carcinogenic effect of medium-dose of cigarette smoking in men.
Liu
Chin-Hung
CH
Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Huang
Jin-ding
JD
Huang
Shi-Wei
SW
Hour
Tzyh-Chyuan
TC
Huang
Yung-Kai
YK
Hsueh
Yu-Mei
YM
Chiou
Hung-Yi
HY
Lee
Te-Chang
TC
Jan
Kun-Yan
KY
Chen
Chien-Jen
CJ
Pu
Yeong-Shiau
YS
D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000235:genetics; D018911:Trinucleotide Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D014516:Ureteral Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D011944:Receptors, Androgen