title: Surgical correction of rare Müllerian anomalies and spontaneous pregnancies: a case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To surgically reconstruct rare Müllerian duct anomalies with varying degrees of bladder exstrophy and congenital absence of ampullary portion of fallopian tube.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Salt Lake, Kolkata, India.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two cases of anteriorly displaced vagina with stenotic introitus, divergent pubic rami, and varying degrees of bladder exstrophy (group A) and three cases of congenital absence of ampullary portion of the fallopian tube with intact but blind fimbria attached to mesoovarium (group B).
  
  
  METHODS
  Introitoplasty and tubal anastomosis were performed for groups A and B, respectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  Description and treatment of two types of patients with rare Müllerian anomalies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three spontaneous pregnancies and viable deliveries, two in group A and one in group B, were achieved after surgical reconstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assisted reproductive technologies usually provide a solution to infertility in rare Müllerian anomalies; reconstructive surgical procedures specific to the type of anatomical defect may also be considered for spontaneous pregnancy with viable deliveries.
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India. asha@smst.iitkgp.ernet.in
authors.forename: Ashalatha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ganesh
authors.forename: Nalini J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Baidyanath
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chakravarty
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D001746:Bladder Exstrophy / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D050498:Live Birth; D009095:Mullerian Ducts / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011247:Pregnancy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014621:Vagina / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*