title: Increased occurrence of pericardial effusion in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common hereditary disease with prominent connective tissue manifestations. A frequent occurrence of asymptomatic pericardial effusion has been observed in patients with ADPKD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive computed tomography scans from 60 patients with ADPKD (group 1), 100 patients without ADPKD and with serum creatinine concentration of > or = 1.1 mg/dl (group 2), and 100 potential kidney donors (group 3) were retrospectively examined. Pericardial effusion was graded from 0 to 4 on the basis of the distance between the parietal and visceral pericardia at mid, mid-low, and low levels of the heart on transaxial computed tomography scan sections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-one (35%) of 60 patients in group 1 were found to have pericardial effusion, compared with 9 (9%) and 4 (4%) patients in groups 2 and 3, respectively. Ten of the 21 patients with pericardial effusion in group 1 but none of the patients in groups 2 and 3 had moderate to high effusion scores. The presence and severity of pericardial effusion were not associated with age, renal dysfunction, or hypertension. All pericardial effusions were asymptomatic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pericardial effusion occurs with an increased frequency in patients with ADPKD, possibly as a result of increased compliance of the parietal pericardium. Although frequently moderate to large, these effusions are generally well tolerated and clinically inconsequential.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. qian.qi@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Hartman
authors.forename: Bernard F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Vicente E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Torres
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000502:physiology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010490:Pericardial Effusion / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016891:Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents