title: Evaluation of the potential for steady-state pharmacokinetic interaction between vildagliptin and simvastatin in healthy subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vildagliptin is an orally active, potent and selective inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4), the enzyme responsible for the degradation of incretin hormones. By enhancing prandial levels of incretin hormones, vildagliptin improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. Co-administration of vildagliptin and simva statin, an HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitor may be required to treat patients with diabetes and dyslipidemia. There fore, this study was conducted to determine the potential for pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction between vildagliptin and simvastatin at steady-state.
  
  
  METHODS
  An open label, single center, multiple dose, three period, crossover study was conducted in 24 healthy subjects. All subjects received once daily doses of either vildagliptin 100 mg or simvastatin 80 mg or the combination for 7 days with an inter-period washout of 7 days. Plasma levels of vildagliptin, simvastatin, and its active metabolite, simvastatin beta-hydroxy acid (major active metabolite of simvastatin) were determined using validated LC/MS/MS methods. Pharmacokinetic and statistical analyses were performed using WinNonlin and SAS, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 90% confidence intervals of C(max) and AUC(tau) of vildagliptin, simvastatin, and simvastatin beta-hydroxy acid were between 80 and 125% (bioequivalence range) when vildagliptin and simvastatin were admin istered alone and in combination. These data indicate that the rate and extent of absorption of vildagliptin and simvastatin were not affected when co-administered, nor was the metabolic conversion of simvastatin to its active metabolite. All treatments were safe and well tolerated in this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pharmacokinetics of vildagliptin, simvastatin, and its active metabolite were not altered when vildagliptin and simvastatin were co-administered.
authors.affiliation: Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA.
authors.forename: Surya P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Ayalasomayajula
authors.forename: Kiran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dole
authors.forename: Yan-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ligueros-Saylan
authors.forename: Yibin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Joelle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campestrini
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Humbert
authors.forename: Gangadhar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sunkara
mesh_terms: D000218:Adamantane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000328:Adult; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009570:Nitriles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000077597:Vildagliptin
chemical_list: D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D009570:Nitriles; D011759:Pyrrolidines; C063287:simvastatin acid; D019821:Simvastatin; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D000077597:Vildagliptin; D000218:Adamantane