title: Increased natural killer cell cytotoxicity and IL-2 production in recurrent spontaneous abortion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether natural killer (NK) cells cytotoxicity in peripheral blood is altered in patients with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA); also, if there is any correlation between cytokine production and NK cytotoxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case-control study, 21 patients with RSA within 24 hr of the last abortion (group I), and 32 pregnants with no history of abortion (group II) were surveyed. NK cell cytotoxicity was evaluated by flow cytometry, and IL-2, IL-10, transforming growth factor beta1 were measured in cell culture supernatant by ELISA method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group I showed higher NK cytotoxicity than group II at all of effector to target (E:T) ratios (P < or = 0.045). The correlation between production of IL-2 and NK cytotoxicity was positively significant (R = 0.350, P = 0.001). Group I had significantly higher levels of IL-2 than group II (P = 0.001). In group II, the production of IL-10 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells was higher than group I (P = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased NK cell cytotoxicity and high level of IL-2 may be considered as a risk factor for RSA.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. hhadin@ssu.ac.ir
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hadinedoushan
authors.forename: Mahroo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mirahmadian
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aflatounian
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D011247:Pregnancy; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D016753:Interleukin-10