title: Chromohalobacter japonicus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a Japanese salty food.
abstract: A Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, motile bacterium, designated strain 43(T), was isolated from a Japanese salty food and then subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain 43(T) is moderately halophilic, growing at NaCl concentrations in the range 5-25 % (w/v), with optimum growth between 7.5 and 12.5 % (w/v) NaCl. Growth occurs at temperatures from 15 to 42 degrees C (optimally at 28-37 degrees C) and at pH 5.5-9.0 (optimally at pH 7.0-8.0). A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain 43(T) belongs to the genus Chromohalobacter. The closest relatives were Chromohalobacter canadensis ATCC 43984(T) (99.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Chromohalobacter beijerinckii ATCC 19372(T) (99.1 %), Chromohalobacter sarecensis LV4(T) (98.3 %), Chromohalobacter nigrandesensis LTS-4N(T) (97.9 %) and Chromohalobacter marismortui ATCC 17056(T) (97.9 %). The DNA G+C content was 62.9 mol%, which is within the range described for the genus Chromohalobacter. DNA-DNA hybridization studies between strain 43(T) and C. canadensis CECT 5385(T) and C. beijerinckii DSM 7218(T) showed 38 and 49 % relatedness, respectively; lower DNA-DNA hybridization percentages were obtained with respect to other related Chromohalobacter species. The major fatty acids of strain 43(T) were C(16 : 0), C(19 : 0) cyclo omega8c and C(12 : 0) 3-OH. Overall, the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic results demonstrated that strain 43(T) represents a novel species within the genus Chromohalobacter. The name Chromohalobacter japonicus sp. nov. is proposed, with strain 43(T) (=CECT 7219(T) =CCM 7416(T)) as the type strain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Porro
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ventosa
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005516:Food Microbiology; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D044129:Halomonadaceae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007564:Japan; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012965:Sodium Chloride