title: Antimicrobial activity of extracts of the lichen Parmelia sulcata and its salazinic acid constituent.
abstract: The antimicrobial activity of the acetone, chloroform, diethyl ether, methanol, and petroleum ether extracts of the lichen Parmelia sulcata and its salazinic acid constituent have been screened against twenty eight food-borne bacteria and fungi. All of the extracts with the exception of the petroleum ether extract showed antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Penicillium notatum. Salazinic acid did not show antimicrobial activity against L. monocytogenes, P. vulgaris, Y. enterocolitica, and S. faecalis but showed activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium as well. The MIC values of the extracts and the acid for the bacteria and fungi have also been determined.
authors.affiliation: Anadolu University, Department of Biology, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Candan
authors.forename: Meral
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Turgay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tay
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erdem
authors.forename: Ayşen Ozdemir
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Türk
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D005612:Freeze Drying; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D007783:Lactones / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008011:Lichens / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012459:Salicylates / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D007783:Lactones; D012459:Salicylates; C116675:salazinic acid; C026304:atranorin