title: IL-17 stimulates MMP-1 expression in primary human cardiac fibroblasts via p38 MAPK- and ERK1/2-dependent C/EBP-beta , NF-kappaB, and AP-1 activation.
abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade collagen and mediate tissue remodeling. The novel cytokine IL-17 is expressed during various inflammatory conditions and modulates MMP expression. We investigated the effect of IL-17 on MMP-1 expression in primary human cardiac fibroblasts (HCF) and delineated the signaling pathways involved. HCF were treated with recombinant human IL-17. MMP-1 expression was analyzed by Northern blotting, RT-quantitative PCR, Western blotting, and ELISA; transcriptional induction and transcription factor binding by EMSA, ELISA, and reporter assay; and p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 activation by protein kinase assays and Western blotting. Signal transduction pathways were investigated using pharmacological inhibitors, small interfering RNA (siRNA), and adenoviral dominant-negative expression vectors. IL-17 stimulated MMP-1 gene transcription, net mRNA levels, protein, and promoter-reporter activity in HCF. This response was blocked by IL-17 receptor-Fc chimera and IL-17 receptor antibodies, but not by IL-6, TNF-alpha, or IL-1beta antibodies. IL-17-stimulated type I collagenase activity was inhibited by the MMP inhibitor GM-6001 and by siRNA-mediated MMP-1 knockdown. IL-17 stimulated activator protein-1 [AP-1 (c-Fos, c-Jun, and Fra-1)], NF-kappaB (p50 and p65), and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)-beta DNA binding and reporter gene activities, effects attenuated by antisense oligonucleotides, siRNA-mediated knockdown, or expression of dominant-negative signaling proteins. Inhibition of AP-1, NF-kappaB, or C/EBP activation attenuated IL-17-stimulated MMP-1 expression. IL-17 induced p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 activation, and inhibition by SB-203580 and PD-98059 blunted IL-17-mediated transcription factor activation and MMP-1 expression. Our data indicate that IL-17 induces MMP-1 in human cardiac fibroblasts directly via p38 MAPK- and ERK-dependent AP-1, NF-kappaB, and C/EBP-beta activation and suggest that IL-17 may play a critical role in myocardial remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterans Affairs South Texas Veterans Health Care System, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
authors.forename: Dolores M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Cortez
authors.forename: Marc D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: Srinivas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mummidi
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Valente
authors.forename: Bjorn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Steffensen
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vincenti
authors.forename: Jeffrey L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: Bysani
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chandrasekar
mesh_terms: D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002465:Cell Movement; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D020381:Interleukin-17; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D016328:NF-kappa B; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1