title: Exact integral solution of saturation and depletion in forward and backward optical fiber Raman amplifiers.
abstract: Exact integral solutions of forward and backward Raman Stokes-pump interaction are presented. They enable one to determine the gain and depletion characteristics of optical Raman amplifiers, as well as a good approximation of the noise figure, without the need of numerically solving the nonlinear boundary value differential equations governing the Raman interaction.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Padova, Via Gradenigo 6/B, 35131 Padova, Italy. marco.santagiustina@unipd.it
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santagiustina