title: The association of opium with coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effects of opium consumption on coronary artery disease are still unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2405 patients admitted to the Angiographic Ward at Tehran Heart Center from 7 May 2005 to 13 August 2005.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, opium consumption was a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease (P=0.01 and odds ratio=1.8). Moreover, the amount of opium consumption was associated significantly with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis, as measured by clinical vessel score (r=0.2, P=0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first time that the adverse effects of opium consumption on coronary arteries was defined.
authors.affiliation: Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Jalal AL-Ahmad & North Kargar Cross, Tehran, Iran. sadeghian15@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadeghian
authors.forename: Soodabeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Darvish
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Davoodi
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salarifar
authors.forename: Mehran
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahmoodian
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fallah
authors.forename: Abbas Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Karimi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D009892:Opium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders
chemical_list: D009892:Opium