Characterization of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol synthase: potential for drug development.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis utilizes the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway for biosynthesis of isopentenyl diphosphate and its isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate, precursors of all isoprenoid compounds. This pathway is of interest as a source of new drug targets, as it is absent from humans and disruption of the responsible genes has shown a lethal phenotype for Escherichia coli. In the MEP pathway, 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol is formed from 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) and CTP in a reaction catalyzed by a 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol synthase (IspD). In the present work, we demonstrate that Rv3582c is essential for M. tuberculosis: Rv3582c has been cloned and expressed, and the encoded protein has been purified. The purified M. tuberculosis IspD protein was capable of catalyzing the formation of 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol in the presence of MEP and CTP. The enzyme was active over a broad pH range (pH 6.0 to 9.0), with peak activity at pH 8.0. The activity was absolutely dependent upon divalent cations, with 20 mM Mg2+ being optimal, and replacement of CTP with other nucleotide 5'-triphosphates did not support activity. Under the conditions tested, M. tuberculosis IspD had Km values of 58.5 microM for MEP and 53.2 microM for CTP. Calculated kcat and kcat/Km values were 0.72 min(-1) and 12.3 mM(-1) min(-1) for MEP and 1.0 min(-1) and 18.8 mM(-1) min(-1) for CTP, respectively.
Eoh
Hyungjin
H
Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Brown
Amanda C
AC
Buetow
Lori
L
Hunter
William N
WN
Parish
Tanya
T
Kaur
Devinder
D
Brennan
Patrick J
PJ
Crick
Dean C
DC
D002413:Cations, Divalent / Q000494:pharmacology; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003067:Coenzymes / Q000494:pharmacology; D003570:Cytidine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D004896:Erythritol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D020043:Genes, Essential; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013403:Sugar Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism
C114232:2-C-methylerythritol 4-phosphate; C400182:4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methylerythritol; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D003067:Coenzymes; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013403:Sugar Phosphates; D003570:Cytidine Triphosphate; C400183:4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C--methylerythritol synthase; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases; D004896:Erythritol