title: Bucillamine mechanism inhibiting IL-1beta-induced VEGF production from fibroblast-like synoviocytes.
abstract: We investigated the bucillamine (Buc) mechanism inhibiting interleukin (IL)-1beta-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production from human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (HFLS) which derived from the inflamed synovium of an RA patient using SA981, its active metabolite. HFLS did not produce IL-1beta, spontaneously. While SA981 partially inhibited IL-1beta-induced VEGF production at concentrations of 10 to 100 microM (10.1% and 14.2% inhibition of total VEGF production under IL-1beta coexistence condition, respectively), it failed to inhibit IL-1beta-induced IL-6 production at the same concentrations. IL-1beta induced phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, IkappaBalpha, c-Jun and Akt. SA981 at a concentration of 100 microM partially inhibited IL-1beta-induced phosphorylation of p38MAPK and Akt (12.0% and 36.1% inhibition of each total amount of phosphoprotein under IL-1beta coexistence condition, respectively). The VEGF promoter includes four transcription factors: AP1, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), Sp1 and AP2 binding elements. HIF-1beta, Sp1 and AP1 increased under IL-1beta coexistence conditions. At a concentration of 100 microM, SA981 attenuated increases in HIF-1beta and Sp1 (10.1% and 19.8% inhibition of each total amount of transcription factor under IL-1beta coexistence condition, respectively), but not AP1. These results suggest that SA981 partially inhibits VEGF production via modifications on IL-1beta signaling. Attenuation of the expression of HIF-1beta and Sp1 (but not AP1) may be a key with respect to SA981's selective inhibition of VEGF production.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Center, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 8916-16 Takayama-cho, Ikoma-shi, Nara 630-0101, Japan. ftsuji@minuet.plala.or.jp
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Iwao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aono
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Odani
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasano
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology; D051784:Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D003545:Cysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000378:metabolism; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C497396:ARNT protein, human; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; C000606204:NFKBIA protein, human; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C513116:bucillamine disulfide; D051784:Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D003545:Cysteine