title: Longitudinal cohort study of patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy. IV. Visual field results at baseline.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe visual field parameters at baseline examination of 80 participants in a longitudinal cohort study of birdshot chorioretinopathy and to identify relationships between these parameters and visual acuity, symptoms, clinical findings, and results of laboratory tests.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single-center cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardized Fastpac, full-threshold Humphrey 30-2 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, California, USA) visual field studies were performed for both eyes of all patients. A standardized protocol identified foveal threshold and mean deviation, specified categories of total deviation, and assigned visual field pattern descriptors. These parameters were compared with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), symptoms, color confusion score (CCS), cataract, vitreous inflammatory reactions, retinal vasculitis, birdshot lesion characteristics, and ocular coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescein angiography parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each visual field parameter was closely related to the others, although mean deviation could be abnormal in the presence of a near normal foveal threshold. Mean deviation was related to BCVA, but the correlation was moderate (the Spearman correlation, -0.55; P < .001). It was also related to CCS and the symptoms of blurry vision, poor contrast sensitivity, and nyctalopia. The most common visual field patterns were multiple foci and arcuate defects. Among clinical and laboratory findings, visual field parameters were most closely related to absence of the third highly reflective band on OCT (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy may have a variety of visual field abnormalities, even with normal BCVA. Abnormalities seem to be associated with retinal damage. Automated visual field testing may provide objective measures for monitoring disease activity.
authors.affiliation: Ocular Inflammatory Disease Center, Jules Stein Eye Institute and the Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. lgordon@ucla.edu
authors.forename: Lynn K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Monnet
authors.forename: Gary N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: Antoine P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Brézin
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Ralph D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Levinson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015862:Choroid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003117:Color Vision Defects / Q000503:physiopathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D058609:Visual Field Tests; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*