title: The use of biological and synthetic materials in vaginal surgery for prolapse.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article reviews the currently available biological and synthetic graft materials available for pelvic prolapse. It also focuses on recent publications examining their use in transvaginal prolapse surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There continue to be many case series investigating the treatment of anterior prolapse, however there are still very few publications examining new techniques involving apical fixation with large anterior/posterior meshes. Of note are three randomized studies that have recently been reported--two with anterior prolapse, one showing a lack of significant benefit of cadaveric fascia, one demonstrating the benefit of porcine dermis, and one with posterior prolapse demonstrating a lack of benefit of porcine SIS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the paucity of randomized control trials of various graft materials used in transvaginal prolapse surgery, the many case series published to date generally show relative safety and efficacy. There is still a need for more randomized controlled trials, however, to guide therapy and for well designed case series with longer follow up, especially regarding new techniques involving large anterior/posterior meshes.
authors.affiliation: division of Urology, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. s.herschorn@utoronto.ca
authors.forename: Sender
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Herschorn
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002417:Cattle; D020405:Dermis / Q000637:transplantation; D005205:Fascia / Q000637:transplantation; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000637:transplantation; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D013552:Swine; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014596:Uterine Prolapse / Q000601:surgery*; D014621:Vagina / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials