title: Sequence diversity among chimpanzee simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVcpz) suggests that SIVcpzPts was derived from SIVcpzPtt through additional recombination events.
abstract: Only two of four chimpanzee subspecies (Pan troglodytes), P. troglodytes troglodytes (P.t.t.) and P. troglodytes schweinfurthii (P.t.s.), appear to carry specific simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs). We identified genomic features indicating that SIVcpzPtt and SIVcpzPts may have partly different evolutionary histories. A maximum likelihood test to discriminate between hypotheses of a common versus separate origin of SIVcpzPtt and SIVcpzPts revealed three putative regions of separate histories. Thus, after the P.t.t. and P.t.s. split, SIV superinfection led to further recombination resulting in the emergence of SIVcpzPts. This shows that there have been multiple SIV transfers to chimpanzees at different times in their evolution.
authors.affiliation: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA. tkl@lanl.gov
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leitner
authors.forename: Marie-Christine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Dazza
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ekwalanga
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Apetrei
authors.forename: Sentob
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saragosti
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D018420:Ape Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D014644:Genetic Variation; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000821:virology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000821:virology*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41