title: Fatal intestinal ischemia after laparoscopic correction of incisional hernia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intestinal ischemia is a very rare complication of laparoscopic procedures. In this report, we describe the first case of fatal large bowel ischemia in the aftermath of laparoscopic incisional hernia repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search using PubMed was performed to identify all published cases of intestinal ischemia following laparoscopic procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our search revealed 13 cases of intestinal ischemia following various laparoscopic procedures. Including this one, 10 of 14 cases reported on so far had impaired cardiovascular, hepatic or renal function or atherosclerosis. None of these patients-at-risk survived. In this series, no indications of faulty operative technique could be identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patient-related risk factors seem to play the most important role in the development of this rare but devastating complication. Preventive measures and methods to identify patients at risk for developing intestinal ischemia during and after laparoscopy are not completely clear. Patient selection, an optimal hydration status, an optimized technique with lowest insufflation pressure possible, and intermittent decompressions of the abdomen when the procedure is lengthy are the measures that have a potential to prevent this complication. Whatever laparoscopic procedure has been performed, intestinal ischemia should be considered in any patient with nonspecific abdominal symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Twenteborg Hospital, 7600 SZ Almelo, The Netherlands. ebwassenaar@zonnet.nl
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Wassenaar
authors.forename: J T F J
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Raymakers
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rakic
mesh_terms: D017091:Colitis, Ischemic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D046449:Hernia, Abdominal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000209:etiology; D007418:Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction / Q000453:epidemiology; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008643:Mesentery / Q000098:blood supply; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000453:epidemiology; D018579:Patient Selection; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology