title: Adenomyosis and endometriosis in the California Teachers Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the reproductive and lifestyle correlates of a surgically confirmed diagnosis of endometriosis or adenomyosis in a large prospective cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Collection of surgical diagnoses of endometriosis and adenomyosis during follow-up of women with no prior history of endometriosis and no prior surgery for adenomyosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The California Teachers Study (CTS), an ongoing prospective study of female teachers and school administrators established from the rolls of the California State Teachers Retirement System.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women with surgical diagnoses of endometriosis and adenomyosis were identified from California statewide hospital patient discharge records for CTS cohort members with an intact uterus and no prior history of endometriosis. Women with an incident surgical diagnosis of endometriosis (n = 229) or adenomyosis (n = 961) were compared with disease-free women in the same age range (for endometriosis, n = 43,493; for adenomyosis, n = 79,495).
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multivariable logistic regression methods were used to calculate prevalence odds ratios and associated 95% confidence intervals for the associations between self-reported menstrual and reproductive characteristics and either endometriosis or adenomyosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women surgically diagnosed with endometriosis were younger than those surgically diagnosed with adenomyosis. Factors statistically significantly associated with endometriosis were having a mother or sister with endometriosis and nulligravidity. Factors statistically significantly associated with adenomyosis were increasing parity, early menarche (<or=10 years of age), and short menstrual cycles (<or=24 days in length). Obese women also were more likely to have a surgical diagnosis of adenomyosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations provide the first epidemiologic profile of women with a surgical diagnosis of adenomyosis and indicate that this profile differs from that of women with a surgical diagnosis of endometriosis. Our results also suggest that adenomyosis but not endometriosis is associated with increased endogenous exposure to estrogen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA. clairetempleman@earthlink.net
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Templeman
authors.forename: Sarah F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Giske
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ursin
authors.forename: Pamela L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Horn-Ross
authors.forename: Christina A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deapen
authors.forename: Argyrios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ziogas
authors.forename: Peggy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cress
authors.forename: Hoda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Anton-Culver
authors.forename: Dee
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Ronald K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bernstein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008572:Menarche; D008597:Menstrual Cycle; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors