title: The Mia/Cd-rap gene expression is downregulated by the high-mobility group A proteins in mouse pituitary adenomas.
abstract: The high-mobility group A (HMGA) family of proteins orchestrates the assembly of nucleoprotein structures playing important roles in gene transcription, recombination, and chromatin structure through a complex network of protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions. Recently, we have generated transgenic mice carrying wild type or truncated HMGA2 genes under the transcriptional control of the cytomegalovirus promoter. These mice developed pituitary adenomas secreting prolactin and GH mainly due to an increased E2F1 activity, directly consequent to the HMGA2 overexpression. To identify other genes involved in the process of pituitary tumorigenesis induced by the HMGA2 gene, in this study we have analyzed the gene expression profile of three HMGA2-pituitary adenomas in comparison with a pool of ten normal pituitary glands from control mice, using the Affymetrix MG MU11K oligonucleotide array representing approximately 13,000 unique genes. We have identified 82 transcripts that increased and 72 transcripts that decreased at least four-fold in all the mice pituitary adenomas analyzed compared with normal pituitary glands. Among these genes, we focused our attention on the Mia/Cd-rap gene, whose expression was essentially suppressed in all of the pituitary adenomas tested by the microarray. We demonstrated that the HMGA proteins directly bind to the promoter of the Mia/Cd-rap gene and are able to downregulate its expression. In order to understand a possible role of Mia/Cd-rap in pituitary cell growth, we performed a colony assay in GH3 and GH4 cells. Interestingly, Mia/Cd-rap expression inhibits their proliferation, suggesting a potential tumor suppressor role of Mia/Cd-rap in pituitary cells.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare and Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR, University of Naples Federico II, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: De Martino
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Visone
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Palmieri
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cappabianca
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chieffi
authors.forename: Floriana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Forzati
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barbieri
authors.forename: Mogens
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kruhoffer
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fusco
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fedele
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015536:Down-Regulation; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D024003:HMGA Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D051381:Rats; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D024003:HMGA Proteins; C513263:Mia protein, mouse