title: [The establishment of hypospadias rat model and embryoteratogenic test of Atrazine].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish an easily reproducible animal model of hypospadias and to test whether Atrazine can induce hypospadias in animal experiment.
  
  
  METHODS
  From the 11th to 16th day after conception, 120 conceived SD rats were divided randomly into 6 groups: one coin oil group (1 ml/kg/d), two finasteride groups (10 mg/kg/d, 20 mg/kg/d), three Atrazine groups (25 mg/kg/d, 100 mg/kg/d, 200 mg/kg/d). When all pregnant rats had delivered, the new born rats were counted and the penis appearance, urethral orifice position and micturition were observed with magnifying lens and anatomy microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hypospadias were found in new born male rats treated prenatally with Finasteride (10 mg/kg/d, 20 mg/kg/d) and 200 mg/kg/d Atrazine groups. The incidence was 28.30%, 67.03%, 10.23% respectively. Embryotoxic effects were observed at 25 mg/kg/d Atrazine group in 2 rats and associated with no severe maternal toxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) A hypospadias SD rats model can be established by Finasteride and it is easily reproducible. (2) The Atrazine was teratogenic to the SD rats, embryotoxic effects were observed at the low dose level and associated with no severe maternal toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100041, China.
authors.forename: Yi-guang
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Sen-kai
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhong-cheng
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Yong-sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ke-rang
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Shou
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yang-qun
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001280:Atrazine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D018120:Finasteride / Q000009:adverse effects; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013723:Teratogens
chemical_list: D013723:Teratogens; D018120:Finasteride; D001280:Atrazine