title: Preoperative assessment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma by multidetector row computed tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is the one of the most difficult carcinomas to diagnose because of the localization of the main tumor at the hepatic hilus, and because of the complex anatomy of the biliary, artery, and portal systems. To perform a curative operation, it is important to evaluate the extent of carcinoma and the resectability. Hilar cholangiocarcinoma often extends along the axis of the bile duct. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogaraphy (PTC) and/or endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) are usually performed to diagnose the extent of the hilar cholangiocarcinoma. However, computed tomography (CT) was thought not to be useful because its resolution is poor. Now that multidetector row CT (MDCT) and high-performance imaging systems are available, the diagnostic strategy for hilar cholangiocarcinoma has changed.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we analyzed the preoperative diagnostic imaging of 24 consecutive patients whose hilar cholangiocarcinoma was confirmed by histopathological examination. All patients were submitted to 16-channel MDCT, except for those with an allergy to iodine contrast medium. The data obtained from MDCT were analyzed and checked by both radiologists and surgeons, using multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The accuracy of diagnosis of horizontal spreading was 80.9% and that of vertical spreading was 100%. However, the sensitivity for lymph node metastasis was insufficient. Based on the data from MDCT and other examinations, all patients underwent surgery. Curative operation was performed in 15 patients (62.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that 16-channel MDCT is reliable for the diagnosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma, especially prior to bile duct drainage. Thus, it is important to perform MDCT when patients with obstructive jaundice are encountered.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Unno
authors.forename: Tadayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okumoto
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katayose
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rikiyama
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Fuyuhiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Motoi
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oikawa
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Egawa
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*