title: Utility of toluidine blue staining and brush biopsy in precancerous and cancerous oral lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the usefulness of toluidine blue and brush biopsy in precancerous oral lesions and squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted at Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad, India. Ninety-six patients with suspicious oral lesions who attended the outpatient clinics of otorhinolaryngology were screened with in vivo toluidine blue staining and oral brush biopsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oral brush biopsy showed high specificity and sensitivity. Toluidine blue staining was highly sensitive and moderately specific for malignant lesions but less sensitive for premalignant lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early detection of oral carcinoma is possible even at the precancerous stages by using noninvasive, painless and outpatient procedures, such as in vivo toluidine blue staining and brush biopsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad University, Allahabad, India.
authors.forename: Anurag
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Mamta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Rahela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Ravi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mehrotra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D014048:Tolonium Chloride
chemical_list: D014048:Tolonium Chloride