title: Kidney function and thickness of carotid intima-media complex in patients with treated arterial hypertension.
abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate of the association between renal function and the intima-media thickness of common carotid artery (CCA-IMT) in treated hypertensive patients. Eighty-seven hypertensives (51.7% diabetic), aged >45 years, were examined. Renal function was evaluated by plasma concentration of creatinine, cystatin C (in 64 patients) and creatinine clearance, calculated according to the Cockcroft-Gault formula. HbA1c measurement and blood pressure monitoring were performed. CCA-IMT was measured at near and far wall of the CCA and of the bulb on both sides and averaged. In 63 hypertensives (72.4%) IMT was over 0.9 mm. These subjects were older (71.17+/-9.72 vs 57.75+/-7.76 years; p<0.0001), had higher pulse pressure (57.45+/-11.73 vs 49.35+/-8.35, p = 0.004), cystatin C concentration (1.25+/-0.34 vs 0.99+/-0.17 mg/l; p = 0.002), higher HbA1c (7.24+/-1.59 vs 6.25+/-1.28, p = 0.01), and lower creatinine clearance (71.28+/-28.32 vs 93.86+/-25.04; p<0.0001) in comparison to patients with IMT <0.9 mm. Groups did not differ with respect to creatinine concentration. The logistic regression analysis showed that CCA-IMT was independently influenced only by age, and the effect of age was stronger in older patients. After exclusion of age, 0.1 mg/l higher concentrations of cystatin C or 10 ml/min lower estimated creatinine clearance were significantly associated with 56% and 34%, respectively, higher probability of CCA-IMT of more than 0.9 mm. Cystatin C concentration seems to be a useful indicator of renal function impairment associated with carotid intima-media thickening. Similar information is obtained when estimated creatinine clearance is used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Kraków, Poland. anskal@su.krakow.pl
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skalska
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Klimek
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wizner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gasowski
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grodzicki
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C525030:CST3 protein, human; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human