Thermal performance of quartz capillaries for vitrification.
In this paper we report the thermal behavior of a new approach for vitrification. Thermal performance of traditional open pulled straws is compared with a new technique based on the combined use of quartz capillaries with slush nitrogen. This new method of vitrification achieved ultrafast cooling rates of 250,000 degrees C/min. As a result, a much lower concentration of cryoprotectant was needed to reach vitrification. In fact, a cryoprotectant solution typically used in oocyte slow freezing protocols was shown to remain transparent after cooling to liquid nitrogen temperatures indicating apparent "vitrification". This approach offers a new and very promising technique for vitrification of cells using low levels of cryoprotectants.
Risco
Ramon
R
The Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 51 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Elmoazzen
Heidi
H
Doughty
Marshal
M
He
Xiaoming
X
Toner
Mehmet
M
D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D009584:Nitrogen; D019946:Propylene Glycol; D011791:Quartz; D013395:Sucrose; D013696:Temperature
D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D011791:Quartz; D013395:Sucrose; D019946:Propylene Glycol; D009584:Nitrogen