title: Relationship between migraine and patent foramen ovale: a study of 121 patients with migraine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Migraine is a common neurological disorder, the origins of which remain unknown. Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is considered to have a role in migraine. The relationship between migraine and patent foramen ovale may be stronger in patients suffering from migraine with aura compared to patients with common migraine.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of PFO in patients with migraine with aura (MA+) and compare it with the prevalence of PFO in migraine patients without aura (MA-), and in a healthy age-matched control group. We investigated PFO association with migraine, considering such factors as: A type of migraine aura, frequency of attacks, familial occurrence, sex and age of patients. Patients.-121 patients: 61 patients suffering from migraine with aura, 60 without aura and 65 normal controls. The group of patients with migraine with aura was divided into subgroups regarding to the type of aura.
  
  
  METHODS
  In order to detect PFO the contrast transcranial Doppler was performed during Valsalva maneuver.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of PFO was found in 33/61 (54%) patients with MA(+) compared to 15/60 (25%) without aura and 16/65 (25%) control subjects. The difference between MA(+) patients and MA(-) patients and the difference between MA(+) patients and control group was statistically significant (P < .05). There was no association between type of migraine aura and PFO, as well as we found no association between PFO and frequency of attacks, familial occurrence, sex and age of patients and PFO.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest possible association of migraine with aura and PFO. It seems that PFO does not influence the type of aura and frequency of attacks of migraine as well as it is not associated with familial occurrence of migraine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Domitrz
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mieszkowski
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamińska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D054092:Foramen Ovale, Patent / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020325:Migraine with Aura / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D020326:Migraine without Aura / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence