title: The genetic signature of sex-biased migration in patrilocal chimpanzees and humans.
abstract: A large body of theoretical work suggests that analyses of variation at the maternally inherited mitochondrial (mt)DNA and the paternally inherited non-recombining portion of the Y chromosome (NRY) are a potentially powerful way to reveal the differing migratory histories of men and women across human societies. However, the few empirical studies comparing mtDNA and NRY variation and known patterns of sex-biased migration have produced conflicting results. Here we review some methodological reasons for these inconsistencies, and take them into account to provide an unbiased characterization of mtDNA and NRY variation in chimpanzees, one of the few mammalian taxa where males routinely remain in and females typically disperse from their natal groups. We show that patterns of mtDNA and NRY variation are more strongly contrasting in patrilocal chimpanzees compared with patrilocal human societies. The chimpanzee data we present here thus provide a valuable comparative benchmark of the patterns of mtDNA and NRY variation to be expected in a society with extremely female-biased dispersal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America. klangerg@umich.edu
authors.forename: Kevin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Langergraber
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Siedel
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mitani
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Wrangham
authors.forename: Vernon
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vigilant
mesh_terms: D025041:Animal Migration; D000818:Animals; D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000378:metabolism; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008957:Models, Genetic; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D013045:Species Specificity; D014998:Y Chromosome / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial