title: Immunophenotypic alterations in acute and early HIV infection.
abstract: To understand the extent of immune dysregulation in primary HIV infection (PHI) and the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on restoring these abnormalities, we longitudinally evaluated 52 subjects (Acute-Treated (AT); Early-Treated (ET); Early Untreated (EU)) for markers of activation, proliferation, and function on T cells. ET and AT patients differed by 0.54 log viral load (VL) at baseline but did not differ thereafter by more than 0.34 log10 VL. AT subjects had higher CD8(+) T cell counts and expression of markers indicative of CD8(+) T cell activation (CD38), and proliferation (Ki67), at baseline, than ET subjects but were not different 48 weeks post-ART. Although acute PHI is marked by higher level of immune activation than early PHI, virologic and immunologic responses were similar post-ART, suggesting that the extent of immunologic recovery is not negatively impacted by a delay of treatment beyond the acute stage of disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. lalharth@rush.edu
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Al-Harthi
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: MaWhinney
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Connick
authors.forename: Robert T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Schooley
authors.forename: Jeri E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Forster
authors.forename: Constance
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Franklyn
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Judson
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Palella
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Landay
mesh_terms: D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1