title: Loss of Nkx3.1 expression in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model has been extensively characterized at the histological and molecular levels, and has been shown to mimic significant features of human prostate cancer. However, the status of Nkx3.1 expression in the TRAMP model has not been elucidated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical analyses were performed using dorsal, lateral, and ventral prostate (VP) lobes from ages 6 to 30 weeks. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses were performed to determine relative mRNA expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Heterogeneous loss of Nkx3.1 was observed in hyperplastic lesions of the ventral, dorsal, and lateral lobes. At 6 weeks of age, the ventral lobe displayed profound loss of Nkx3.1. Diminished Nkx3.1 protein was observed in well- to moderately-differentiated cancer lesions of all lobes. Poorly differentiated (PD) tumors stained negatively for Nkx3.1. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses revealed the presence of Nkx3.1 mRNA in each lobe at all ages, albeit reduced to variable levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that disease progression in the TRAMP model may be driven by loss of function of Nkx3.1, in addition to p53 and Rb. Lobe-specific disease progression in the TRAMP model correlates with the reduction of Nkx3.1 protein. Regulation of Nkx3.1 expression during tumorigenesis appears to occur by post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Carlise R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bethel
authors.forename: Charles J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Bieberich
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C102837:Nkx3-1 protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D014157:Transcription Factors