title: Effectiveness of a 1-year resident training program in clinical research: a controlled before-and-after study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To increase the number of clinician scientists and to improve research skills, a number of clinical research training programs have been recently established. However, controlled studies assessing their effectiveness are lacking.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effectiveness of a 1-year resident training program in clinical research.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled before-and-after study. The training program included a weekly class in clinical research methods, completion of a research project, and mentorship.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intervention subjects were 15 residents participating in the 1-year training program in clinical research. Control subjects were 22 residents not participating in the training program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Assessments were performed at the beginning and end of the program. Outcomes included methodological research knowledge (multiple-choice progress test), self-assessed research competence, progress on publications and grant applications, and evaluation of the program using quantitative and qualitative methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intervention subjects and controls were well matched with respect to research experience (5.1 +/- 2.2 vs 5.6 +/- 5.8 years; p = .69). Methodological knowledge improved significantly more in the intervention group compared to the control group (effect size = 2.5; p < .001). Similarly, self-assessed research competence increased significantly more in the intervention group (effect size = 1.1; p = .01). At the end of the program, significantly more intervention subjects compared to controls were currently writing journal articles (87% vs 36%; p = .003). The intervention subjects evaluated the training program as highly valuable for becoming independent researchers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 1-year training program in clinical research can substantially increase research knowledge and productivity. The program design makes it feasible to implement in other academic settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf and Hamburg-Eilbek (Schön Clinics), Hamburg, Germany. b.loewe@uke.uni-hamburg.de
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Löwe
authors.forename: Mechthild
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wild
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nikendei
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kroenke
authors.forename: Dorothea
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Niehoff
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Henningsen
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zipfel
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Herzog
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000328:Adult; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000193:education*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003479:Curriculum; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D011361:Professional Competence