title: Bone metastases of differentiated thyroid cancer: impact of early 131I-based detection on outcome.
abstract: Bone is the second most frequent target of distant metastases in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, and such forms carry a very poor prognosis. The impact of (131)I therapy in this setting is controversial. We describe the diagnostic circumstances and outcome of patients with bone metastases recently managed in two institutions. Among 921 consecutive thyroid cancer patients who had total thyroidectomy and (131)I ablation between January 2000 and December 2004 and who were subsequently monitored, bone metastases had been diagnosed in 16 patients. In three cases, the bone metastases were non-functioning (negative (131)I uptake) . These patients were treated with surgery and radiotherapy but progressed rapidly. The other 13 patients had functioning (positive (131)I uptake) bone metastases. In five of them, thyroid cancer was revealed by signs of distant involvement (bone pain, n = 4; dyspnea, n = 1). The bone metastases progressed in these five patients, despite local therapy and multiple courses of (131)I. The bone metastases in the remaining eight patients were discovered on the post-surgery (131)I therapy scan. Complementary radiological studies were negative except in one patient in whom one of the metastases (a 5 mm lesion of the right humerus) was visible on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Six of these patients showed a good response to (131)I therapy, with (131)I uptake and Tg levels becoming undetectable or showing a sharp fall. One patient refused (131)I therapy; bone metastases became visible on MRI within 1 year and the Tg level rose tenfold. The disease progressed in one patient despite (131)I therapy. Post-surgical (131)I ablation can contribute to early detection of bone metastases at a time when the Tg level may be only moderately elevated, when other radiological studies are negative, and when the disease is potentially curable by (131)I therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France. elif.hindie@sls.aphp.fr
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hindié
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zanotti-Fregonara
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Duron
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Devaux
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calzada-Nocaudie
authors.forename: Emile
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sarfati
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Moretti
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bouchard
authors.forename: Marie-Elisabeth
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Toubert
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes