title: Effect of benidipine hydrochloride, a long-acting T-type calcium channel blocker, on blood pressure and renal function in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus. Analysis after switching from cilnidipine to benidipine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Calcium channel blockers are commonly used to treat hypertension, and are known to generally act on the L-type calcium channel. Recent studies have shown, however, that some calcium channel blockers also block other calcium channel subtypes, including N- and T-type channels. Cilnidipine (CAS 132203-70-4) is an L- and N-type calcium channel blocker, and benidipine hydrochloride (benidipine, CAS 91599-74-5) is known to inhibit the T-type as well as L- and N-type calcium channels. In this study, effects of switching from cilnidipine to benidipine on blood pressure (BP) lowering and renal functions were investigated in order to clarify the physiological properties of the T-type calcium channel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty hypertensive patients with diabetes and poor BP control despite receiving cilnidipine were selected, and the changes in BP and urine protein (UP) scores were investigated retrospectively after switching from cilnidipine to benidipine for more than 3 months. BP (systolic/diastolic) significantly decreased from 155.8 +/- 13.7 mmHg/76.5 +/- 13.3 mmHg to 145.9 +/- 17.0 mmHg/71.4 +/- 13.7 mmHg after benidipine treatment, and this effect was stably maintained for one year. UP also significantly decreased from 1.29 to 0.67 in the mean score. The decrease in UP may be explained by a mechanism other than BP lowering effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that benidipine has a more potent antihypertensive effect than cilnidipine and also a renoprotective effect, indicating the high usefulness of benidipine in hypertensive patients with diabetes. T-type calcium channel blockade was suggested to be possibly involved in the enoprotective effect of benidipine.
authors.affiliation: Seino Internal Clinic, Koriyama City, Fukushima, Japan. hseino@mva.biglobe.ne.jp
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seino
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyaguchi
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Setsu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yabe
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020747:Calcium Channels, T-Type / Q000187:drug effects*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000652:urine; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D020747:Calcium Channels, T-Type; D004095:Dihydropyridines; C061004:benidipine; C065927:cilnidipine