title: Whole brain and localized magnetization transfer measurements are associated with cognitive impairment in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are susceptible to cognitive deterioration. This study investigated the utility of magnetization transfer (MT) imaging for quantification of brain tissue alterations associated with cognitive deficits in patients with HIV.
  
  
  METHODS
  MT ratios (MTR) were derived for whole brain and for regions of interest (ROIs) in the basal ganglia and white matter in 11 HIV and 12 control subjects. Relationships with severity of cognitive impairment and specific neuropsychological deficits were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MTR values for normalized whole brain histogram peak height, whole brain histogram mean, and all examined ROIs were reduced in the HIV subjects. Normalized histogram peak height and mean for whole brain, as well as means for the corpus callosum, basal ganglia, and frontal white matter (FWM), were significantly correlated with severity of cognitive impairment. MTR values for white matter regions (corpus callosum, FWM, and centrum semiovale) were correlated with specific cognitive deficits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quantitative MTR measurements, determined for the whole brain and for vulnerable ROIs, are sensitive to neuropathologic changes associated with cognitive impairment in HIV-infected patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, Evanston, Ill, USA. wu7@northwestern.edu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Storey
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrillo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saglamer
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Edelman
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Ragin
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008280:Magnetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013223:Statistics as Topic