title: Wild game as a reservoir of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in north-western Poland.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study was to determine the role of game animals as reservoirs of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a bacteria species transmitted by Ixodes ricinus ticks, from north-western Poland (Zachodniopomorskie vovoidship). The area under question is endemic for A. phagocytophilum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood and spleen samples were taken from 72 roe deer between April and December 2003. Animals culled during winter did not harbour ticks, on the other hand 155 individuals of Ixodes ricinus were collected from 35 of 43 animals taken during spring. We tested all samples for A. phagocytophilum by PCR amplification of the msp2 gene. An individual was considered infected if pathogens were detected in at least one isolate (blood or a tissue sample).
  
  
  RESULTS
  DNA from A. phagocytophilum was not found in isolates from ticks collected from the animals. The general level of infection for the roe deer was 31.94% (23/72). DNA of A. phagocytophilum was most commonly detected in blood samples; only in three cases was anaplasma DNA detected in spleen and not in blood. Ruminants seem to be the most competent reservoir for A. phagocytophilum in north-western Poland.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, University of Szczecin, Piastów 40B, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adamska
authors.forename: Bogumiła
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Skotarczak
mesh_terms: D041081:Anaplasma phagocytophilum / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000818:Animals; D001096:Arachnid Vectors / Q000382:microbiology*; D003670:Deer / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000662:veterinary*; D016873:Ehrlichiosis / Q000635:transmission; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D018884:Ixodes / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D013045:Species Specificity; D013154:Spleen / Q000382:microbiology; D013984:Tick Infestations / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*