title: Adenosine induces expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in primary rat astrocytes.
abstract: Adenosine, which accumulates rapidly during ischemia due to the breakdown of ATP, has beneficial effects in many tissues. We examined whether adenosine induces the production of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in cultured astrocytes. We evaluated GDNF mRNA expression and GDNF production in astrocytes cultured with adenosine and the adenosine selective receptor agonists 5-(N-ethylcarboxamido) adenosine (NECA), N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) and 2-p-(2-carboxyethyl) phenethylamino-5'-N-ethylcarboxamindo-adenosine hydrochloride (CGS 21680). Moreover, we examined the possibility that the expression of GDNF is regulated differently in cultured astrocytes from the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) than in those from Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). In this study, we confirmed that adenosine and the selective A(2B) adenosine receptor agonist NECA induced the expression of GDNF in cultured astrocytes. The A(2B) receptor antagonist alloxazine was able to inhibit the increase in extracellular GDNF produced by adenosine. Furthermore, the amounts of GDNF produced were significantly reduced in astrocytes of the adenosine-treated SHRSP compared with those of WKY. These results indicate that adenosine induces the expression of GDNF, and adenosine A(2B) receptors participate in the regulation of GDNF levels in astrocytes. This expression was attenuated in astrocytes of SHRSP compared with those of WKY.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University (NUBS), Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan. kyamagat@brs.nihon-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamagata
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hakata
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Chiemi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsufuji
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chino
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamori
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058908:Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists; D058917:Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005415:Flavins / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010627:Phenethylamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D043704:Receptor, Adenosine A2B / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D058908:Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists; D058917:Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D005415:Flavins; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D010627:Phenethylamines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043704:Receptor, Adenosine A2B; C061282:2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine; C008173:isoalloxazine; D000241:Adenosine