title: An HIV RNase H inhibitory 1,3,4,5-tetragalloylapiitol from the African plant Hylodendron gabunensis.
abstract: A new compound, 1,3,4,5-tetragalloylapiitol ( 1), was isolated from the aqueous extract of the plant Hylodendron gabunensis and was found to be a potent inhibitor of RNase H enzymatic activity. The structure of 1 was elucidated by NMR analyses to be an apiitol ( 2) sugar moiety substituted with four gallic acid residues. Optical rotation measurements of the free sugar following basic hydrolysis indicated that the 3 S absolute configuration was the same as that of d-apiitol. Compound 1 inhibited HIV-1, HIV-2, and human RNase H with IC 50 values of 0.24, 0.13, and 1.5 microM, respectively, but it did not show inhibition of E. coli RNase H at 10 microM.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Targets Development Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 1052, Room 121, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, USA.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: Alun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bermingham
authors.forename: Barry R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: O'Keefe
authors.forename: Antony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wamiru
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Beutler
authors.forename: Stuart F J
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Le Grice
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.forename: Kirk R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Gustafson
authors.forename: James B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: McMahon
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002163:Cameroon; D004896:Erythritol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D016914:Ribonuclease H / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: C524937:1,3,4,5-tetragalloylapiitol; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; C043903:3-(hydroxymethyl)erythritol; D016914:Ribonuclease H; D004896:Erythritol