title: A prospective observational study of chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in routine practice in a UK cancer centre.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to assess levels of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in routine practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was an observational prospective evaluation using patient self-reports. One hundred and two patients with cancer in a single cancer centre in UK receiving their first chemotherapy treatment participated in the study and were followed up over four cycles, providing a total of 272 assessments of nausea and vomiting. Data was collected with the use of the MASCC Antiemesis Tool (MAT), which is an eight-item short clinical scale assessing acute and delayed nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results indicated that acute vomiting was experienced by 15.7% of the patients in cycle 1 and delayed vomiting by 14.7%, while acute nausea was present in 37.3% of the patients and delayed nausea in 47.1%, increasing over the subsequent cycles. Moderately emetogenic and highly emetogenic chemotherapy had the highest incidence of CINV, whereas patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy showed significant levels of delayed nausea. Acute symptoms were more easily controlled than delayed symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that, while vomiting is well controlled, nausea remains a significant problem in practice, and optimal management of CINV is yet to be achieved. Understanding more clearly the biological basis of nausea will assist in managing this complex symptom more effectively in practice.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Manchester, Coupland III, Manchester, UK. alex.molassiotis@manchester.ac.uk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molassiotis
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Valle
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lorigan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wardley
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cowan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Loncaster
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rittenberg
mesh_terms: D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents