title: Comparison of mecA polymerase chain reaction with phenotypic methods for the detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: In the present study, several conventional methods to detect methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were compared with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of mecA gene-positive isolates. Cefoxitin E-test was also evaluated as a possible phenotypic method of MRSA detection. Oxacillin agar screen and PBP2' latex agglutination methods were found to be more sensitive than oxacillin and cefoxitin disk-diffusion methods. Cefoxitin disk diffusion was found to be the most specific. A combination of oxacillin agar screening with cefoxitin disk diffusion, or oxacillin disk diffusion with PBP2', improved sensitivity and specificity. Cefoxitin E-test with the current break points had low sensitivity and specificity (33.3% and 75%, respectively) for the detection of MRSA. However, changing the break points to <or= 4 microg/ml and to >or= 6 microg/ml for sensitive and resistant, respectively, greatly improved both. Changing the 30-microg cefoxitin disk-diffusion break points to <or= 21 mm for resistant slightly improved sensitivity but had no effect on specificity. It was therefore concluded that the use of more than one screening method is necessary to detect all MRSA isolates in clinical settings.
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. mbaddour@ksu.edu.sa
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Baddour
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: AbuElKheir
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Fatani
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002440:Cefoxitin; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007841:Latex Fixation Tests; D008712:Methicillin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins; C487789:mecA protein, Staphylococcus aureus; D002440:Cefoxitin; D008712:Methicillin