title: Performance of Gd-doped Ti-based Sb-SnO2 anodes for electrochemical destruction of phenol.
abstract: The performance of electrodes for the electro-catalytic decomposition of a model pollutant (phenol) was enhanced using Gd-doped Ti/SnO(2)-Sb electrodes prepared by a thermal deposition method. Phenol degradation followed first-order rate kinetics, with the maximum rate achieved using a 2% Gd doping level (molar ratio based on Gd:Sn) for tests conducted over a doping range of 1-10%. The first-order rate constant with 2% Gd was 0.044 min(-1), versus 0.026 min(-1) obtained with the control (plain Ti/SnO(2)-Sb). TOC removal and UV scans revealed that different intermediates were produced for different Gd contents, and that destruction efficiencies of these intermediates also varied with Gd doping levels of 1-5%. Electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray photon-electron spectroscopy. It is suggested that the state of specific active sites on the electrode surface and the oxygen transfer activity at the electrode/electrolyte interface affect the performance of anodes with different compositions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 202, Haihe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China. yujief@hit.edu.cn
authors.forename: Yujie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Yuhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Logan
authors.forename: Zhengqian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000965:Antimony / Q000737:chemistry*; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019800:Phenol / Q000737:chemistry*; D013793:Thallium / Q000737:chemistry*; D017971:Tin Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D017971:Tin Compounds; D019800:Phenol; D000965:Antimony; D013793:Thallium; D005682:Gadolinium; C045358:stannic oxide