title: Alpha-lipoic acid modulates gut inflammation induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) has been shown to combat oxidative stress by quenching a variety of reactive oxygen species. It is involved in the regeneration of exogenous and endogenous antioxidants, chelation of metal ions, and repair of oxidized proteins. This study aimed to evaluate the potential beneficial effect of ALA on trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced gut ileitis and colitis in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  After 48 h of fasting, Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a laparotomy under ether anesthesia. TNBS solution 30 mg/mL in 40% ethanol (1 mL) was injected into the lumen, 10 cm proximal to the ileocolonic junction to induce ileitis or intrarectally 8 cm proximal to the anal sphincter to induce colitis. ALA (25 mg/kg intraperitoneally, twice a day) was given after induction of inflammation and continued for 3 days. All animals were decapitated 3 days after induction of the inflammation. The mucosal lesions of the ileum and colon were scored macroscopically and microscopically. Samples were taken for the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels, tissue-associated myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and luminol- or lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Macroscopic scores, morphological changes and increased tissue lipid peroxidation with a concomitant reduction in GSH of the ileitis or colitis groups were all reversed by treatment with ALA. ALA treatment was also effective in improving tissue MPO activity and CL values, which were elevated in untreated ileitis or colitis groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ALA is beneficial in TNBS-induced gut inflammation in rats via suppression of neutrophil accumulation, preservation of endogenous glutathione and inhibition of reactive oxidant generation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Marmara Unviersity, Haydarpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Meltem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kolgazi
authors.forename: Nermina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jahovic
authors.forename: Meral
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yüksel
authors.forename: Feriha
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ercan
authors.forename: Inci
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alican
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007079:Ileitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000187:drug effects; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D008063:Thioctic Acid; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; D009195:Peroxidase; D005978:Glutathione