title: The progression of cardiovascular risk to cardiovascular disease.
abstract: A cluster of risk factors associated with obesity defines the metabolic syndrome and identifies cardiometabolic risk. Accumulation of fat in the visceral depot is a more reliable predictor of cardiovascular disease than is total body mass or body mass index. The recent discovery of the endocannabinoid-CB1 receptor system and its impact on the regulation of energy metabolism represents a significant advance that will help target visceral fat and its metabolic implications. As a highly active endocrine organ, visceral fat secretes many bioactive molecules, known as adipokines. Dysregulation of these adipokines contributes to the pathogenesis of the obesity-associated metabolic syndrome, resulting in insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and vascular disease. Even modest weight reduction leads to reduced cardiometabolic risk by affecting the individual components comprising the metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Torrance Memorial Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Rosin
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D004032:Diet; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism*; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism; D008019:Life Style; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D005227:Fatty Acids; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D020738:Leptin