Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor as an in vivo back-up mechanism in the cutaneous microcirculation in old mice.
There is now strong evidence that an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), other than nitric oxide (NO) or prostaglandin (PG), exists for dilating arteries and arterioles. In vitro studies on isolated vessels pointed out a role for EDHF as a back-up mechanism when the NO pathway is impaired, but there was a lack of in vivo studies showing a functional role for EDHF. Ageing has pronounced effects on vascular function and particularly on endothelium-dependent relaxation, providing a novel situation in which to assess the contributions of EDHF. The purpose of the present study was thus to determine if, in vivo, there was a functional role for EDHF as a back-up mechanism in the cutaneous microcirculation in the ageing process. We investigated in vivo the contribution of each endothelial factor (NO, PG and EDHF) in the cutaneous vasodilatation induced by iontophoretic delivery of acetylcholine and local pressure application in young adult (6-7 months) and old (22-25 months) mice, using pharmacological inhibitors. The cutaneous vasodilator responses induced by acetylcholine and local pressure application were dependent upon NO and PG pathways in young adult mice, whereas they were EDHF-dependent in old mice. EDHF appears to serve as a back-up mechanism when ageing reaches pathological states in terms of the ability for NO and PG to relax cutaneous microvessels, allowing for persistent cutaneous vasodilatator responses in old mice. However, as a back-up mechanism, EDHF did not completely restore cutaneous vasodilatation, since endothelial responses were reduced in old mice compared to young adult mice.
Gaubert
Marie Line
ML
Integrative neuro-vascular biology, UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM 771, Medical School, University of Angers, France.
Sigaudo-Roussel
Dominique
D
Tartas
Maylis
M
Berrut
Gilles
G
Saumet
Jean Louis
JL
Fromy
Bérengère
B
D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000502:physiology; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000294:innervation; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
D001685:Biological Factors; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D011453:Prostaglandins; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C067410:endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization factor; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000109:Acetylcholine