title: Information exchange in paediatric settings: an observational study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this observational study was to identify, describe and generate concepts regarding the exchange of information between children/young people and healthcare professionals in paediatric outpatient settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  The grounded theory methodology was used. Field notes from observations and excerpts from medical records were analysed using constant comparative analysis. Twenty eight children and young people were observed in three separate paediatric outpatient units; 76 observations were conducted of interactions between children/young people, parents and staff (paediatric nurses, paediatric enrolled nurses and paediatricians).
  
  
  RESULTS
  'Balancing the circumstances' was identified as the core category during information exchange, based on six categories: taking part, trust, being in touch, mutuality, getting facts and family influence. The six categories relate to one another and balance the circumstances in the information exchange to varying degrees. These children and young people seemed to be trying to enhance their situation as much as possible by finding out as much as they were able to, sharing their own knowledge with the staff and participating in social interaction with them.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With this understanding of information exchange, nurses can enable and support children and young people to balance their circumstances and improve information exchanges, thereby promoting their partnership in care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Care, Division of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköpings University, Sweden.
authors.forename: Eva K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Mårtenson
authors.forename: Astrid M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fägerskiöld
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000523:psychology; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002648:Child; D002673:Child, Hospitalized / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D003142:Communication; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D016294:Models, Nursing; D008960:Models, Psychological; D024802:Nurse's Role / Q000523:psychology; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000523:psychology*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D010371:Pediatric Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011368:Professional-Family Relations; D002666:Psychology, Child; D012944:Social Support; D013548:Sweden; D035502:Trust