title: Evaluation of cisplatin administered with piroxicam in dogs with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the antitumor activity and toxic effects of a conservative dose of cisplatin administered in combination with piroxicam to dogs with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical trial (nonrandomized, noncontrolled).
  
  
  METHODS
  14 client-owned dogs with histologically confirmed TCC of the urinary bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each dog was treated with cisplatin (50 mg/m(2), i.v., q 21 d [reduced to 40 mg/m(2), i.v., q 21 d because of toxic effects]) and piroxicam (0.3 mg/kg [0.14 mg/lb], PO, q 24 h). A CBC, serum biochemical analyses, and urinalysis were performed prior to each cisplatin treatment. Tumor staging (determined from thoracic and abdominal radiographic and urinary bladder ultrasonographic findings) was performed before treatment and at 6-week intervals during treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  5 dogs received only 1 dose of cisplatin because of the rapid progression of disease (n = 2) or toxic effects (3). With regard to the neoplastic disease among the other 9 dogs, 1 had partial remission, 5 had stable disease, and 3 had progressive disease after 6 weeks of treatment. Median progression-free interval was 78 days (range, 20 to 112 days). Median survival time was 307 days (range, 29 to 929 days). Moderate to severe renal toxicosis and moderate to severe gastrointestinal toxicosis developed in 5 and 8 dogs, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of minimal efficacy and associated renal and gastrointestinal toxicosis, administration of cisplatin (40 to 50 mg/m(2)) with piroxicam cannot be recommended for treatment of dogs with TCC of the urinary bladder.
authors.affiliation: Purdue Comparative Oncology Program, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
authors.forename: Shawna N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Lucroy
authors.forename: Chelsea B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: Patty L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Bonney
authors.forename: Deborah W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Knapp
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D004285:Dogs; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010894:Piroxicam; D002945:Cisplatin