title: Management of nonfunctioning pancreatic endocrine tumors in the context of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome.
abstract: The aim of our study is to present our experience in the surgical treatment of nonfunctioning pancreatic endocrine tumors (NFPETs) in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1996 and 2006 a total of 11 patients with clinically confirmed MEN 1 syndrome were monitored in an annual screening program that included evaluation of the pancreas. Our policy was to use Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) in combination with biochemical screening in an effort to early diagnose and categorize the pancreatic involvement in MEN-1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NFPETs were identified in 4 female patients (36.4%). Diagnosis of NFPET was established 4.2 years later than that of MEN 1. The median tumor diameter at diagnosis was 2.2 cm (range 1.8-2.6 cm). All patients were treated by distal pancreatectomy. Diagnosis of NFPET was established in histological sections by staining with neuroendocrine tumor markers. Adjuvant therapy with streptozocin in combination with 5-fluorouracil was applied in two patients. After surgery the patients were followed up annually with clinical evaluation, biochemical tests and imaging studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early detection of NFPETs in patients with MEN-1 syndrome can be accomplished by biochemical and radiological screening program. NFPETs should be removed when diagnosed, in order to achieve a timely and efficient prophylaxis against further tumor growth and malignant development.
authors.affiliation: 4th Surgical Department, Aristotle University, Exohi 570 10, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Botsios
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vasiliadis
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsalis
authors.forename: Fotis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Iordanidis
authors.forename: Angelos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Megalopoulos
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsachalis
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blouhos
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Betsis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D019160:Endosonography; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018761:Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology; D010180:Pancreatectomy; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D013311:Streptozocin; D005472:Fluorouracil