title: Detection of bladder cancer from the urine using fluorescence in situ hybridization technique.
abstract: The authors report on their first experiences with the UroVysion fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) kit developed for the detection of bladder cancer. This new non-invasive diagnostic application of the FISH technique in the field of urology was elaborated to replace cystoscopy. The special urine examination method detects genetic alterations of the urothelial cells found in the urine, using fluorescent directlabeled DNA probes binding to the peri-centromeric regions of chromosomes 3, 7 and 17 as well as on the 9p21 locus. We aimed to evaluate the utility of UroVysion test in the light of the histological diagnosis. Urine samples from 43 bladder cancer patients and 12 patients with no or benign alterations were studied using a new application of FISH technique: the UroVysion reagent kit. The obtained FISH results were compared with the histological findings of the transurethral surgical resection specimens. The study rated the specificity and sensitivity of the technique 100% and 87%, respectively. Therefore, the technique could well fit into the diagnostic process of bladder carcinomas. Statistical analyses showed significant correlation between tumor progression and the severity of the genetic alterations detected by this FISH technique. Furthermore, positive correlation was found between tumor grade and the proportion of tumor cells showing genetic abnormality. The noninvasiveness, the robustness of evaluation and the high specificity/sensitivity are all in favor of this technique. The disadvantages are the higher costs of the technical background and the required future clinical studies to determine whether this technique can replace cystoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Péter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riesz
authors.forename: Gábor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lotz
authors.forename: Csilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Páska
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szendrôi
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Majoros
authors.forename: Zsuzsanna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Németh
authors.forename: Péter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Törzsök
authors.forename: Tibor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Szarvas
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kovalszky
authors.forename: Zsuzsa
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Schaff
authors.forename: Imre
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Romics
authors.forename: András
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiss
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17; D002893:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3; D002897:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D014556:Urine / Q000166:cytology*; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology