title: Phenotypic study after cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation for limbal stem cell deficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report phenotypic analysis of epithelia before and following cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation (CLET) for eyes with limbal stem cell deficiency.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients with limbal stem cell deficiency (3 with alkali burns, 2 with Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and 1 with pseudo-ocular cicatricial pemphigoid) were subjected to CLET and subsequent keratoplasty. Immunohistochemical analysis for cytokeratin 3, cytokeratin 13, MUC5AC (Mucin 5 subtype AC), and alpha smooth muscle actin was performed in specimens obtained at CLET and keratoplasty. Clinical outcome was assessed according to epithelial phenotype, visual acuity, neovascularization, and graft clarity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Secondary keratoplasty was performed following CLET during a mean interval of 6.8 months. Postoperative visual acuity improved by more than 2 lines over a mean +/- SD observation period of 25.1 +/- 13.2 months following keratoplasty, with reduction of neovascularization. Phenotypic study revealed that epithelia were positive for cytokeratin 13 and MUC5AC, but negative for cytokeratin 3, with alpha smooth muscle actin-positive cells in the stroma in all patients before CLET. After CLET, 4 eyes showed positive immunostaining to cytokeratin 3 but negative immunostaining to cytokeratin 13 and MUC5AC, with no alpha smooth muscle actin-positive cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation is a useful approach in the treatment of limbal stem cell deficiency, restoring a feasible microenvironment in the ocular surface and securing a corneal epithelial phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College, Sugano 5-11-13, Ichikawa City, Chiba, Japan. motoko-k@sc.itc.keio.ac.jp
authors.forename: Motoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawakita
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Satake
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higa
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shimazaki
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006801:Humans; D053535:Keratin-13 / Q000378:metabolism; D053558:Keratin-3 / Q000378:metabolism; D015948:Keratoplasty, Penetrating; D016850:Limbus Corneae / Q000166:cytology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055271:Mucin 5AC; D009077:Mucins / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D053535:Keratin-13; D053558:Keratin-3; C524678:MUC5AC protein, human; D055271:Mucin 5AC; D009077:Mucins