title: Long-term maintenance of neuronally differentiated human adipose tissue-derived stem cells.
abstract: Recent studies reporting differentiation of early neural progenitors of human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) has aroused interest among investigators for regenerative medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the differentiation of ADSCs to neuron-like cells and to extend the life span of these differentiated ADSCs in vitro using our new DE-1 medium. After primary culture and expansion, ADSCs were incubated in a new long-term neuronal induction medium that maintains ADSCs in a differentiated state for 8 weeks. Neuronal differentiation was identified using immunocytochemistry, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting. We found that the optimal differentiation protocol induced the ADSCs to express early neuronal markers, including nestin and neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN), as well as the mature astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Neuronal morphological characteristics were recognized in approximately 40% to 50% of the cell populations maintained over 8 weeks, and 60% to 80% of the differentiated cells expressed neuronal specific markers, including nestin, GFAP, NeuN, Trk-A, vimentin, and neuron-specific enolase. The data show that our DE-1 medium is capable of achieving a greater number of differentiated ADSCs for a longer period of time. This result bodes well for the application of ADSCs in in vivo peripheral nerve regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery Institute, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California 92868, USA.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dhar
authors.forename: Eul Sik
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Suraj
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kachgal
authors.forename: Gregory R D
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003470:Culture Media; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D064231:Nestin; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism; D020917:Receptor, trkA / Q000378:metabolism; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014343:Trypan Blue / Q000378:metabolism; D014746:Vimentin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D015415:Biomarkers; D003470:Culture Media; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; C577484:NES protein, human; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D064231:Nestin; D014746:Vimentin; C506808:neuronal nuclear antigen NeuN, human; D020917:Receptor, trkA; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; D014343:Trypan Blue