title: Carcinoembryonic antigen messenger RNA expression in blood can predict relapse in gastric cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the clinical implications of intraoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA copy number in peripheral blood samples from gastric cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were obtained from 67 gastric cancer patients immediately after curative gastrectomy. mRNA in blood samples was extracted and amplified for CEA mRNA detection. CEA mRNA levels were examined by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay targeting CEA mRNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-three of 67 patients (49%) were positive for CEA mRNA expression. Positivity for CEA mRNA was not correlated with clinical stage, or presence or absence of postoperative relapse. CEA mRNA copy number was not correlated with serum levels of CEA. However, CEA mRNA copy number was correlated with presence or absence of tumor recurrence (P < 0.01). When confined to 21 gastric cancer patients with relapsed disease, CEA mRNA copy number was significantly and negatively correlated with postoperative period before recurrence discovery (r = 0.52, P = 0.007). Outcomes in patients with high CEA mRNA copy number and high serum CEA levels were significantly poorer than those in patients with normal CEA mRNA copy number and normal serum CEA levels (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CEA mRNA copy number, not positivity, was significantly associated with postoperative term of recurrent disease. Copy number of CEA mRNA, as detected by real-time quantitative PCR, appears to be a promising marker to evaluate the risk and period of postoperative tumor spread.
authors.affiliation: Surgical Oncology and Digestive Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Sumiya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishigami
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uenosono
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakajo
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Setoyama
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arigami
authors.forename: Yasuto
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchikado
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arima
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Natsugoe
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aikou
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood*; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D012333:RNA, Messenger