title: Validity of the trunk impairment scale as a measure of trunk performance in people with Parkinson's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate construct validity of the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) as a measure of trunk performance in Parkinson's disease (PD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of PD patients and healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  University rehabilitation research unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six PD patients (Hoehn and Yahr stages 2-4) and 26 healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  The TIS and its subscales; static and dynamic sitting balance and trunk coordination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with healthy controls, PD patients showed significantly lower scores on the total TIS, static sitting balance, and coordination subscale. Healthy subjects scored significantly better on the total TIS and coordination subscale compared with patients in the early stage of PD. Patients with PD in the early stage scored significantly higher for the total TIS as well as static and dynamic sitting balance in comparison with PD patients in a later stage. Forward stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that trunk impairment in PD patients was significantly related to a combination of older age and a higher score on part III of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, which assesses motor impairments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early detection of trunk deficits and the significant relation with PD severity advocates further evaluation and use of the TIS in PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. G.Verheyden@soton.ac.uk
authors.forename: Geert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Verheyden
authors.forename: Anne-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Willems
authors.forename: Lieve
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ooms
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nieuwboer
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010388:Pelvis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004856:Postural Balance; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013909:Thorax / Q000503:physiopathology*