Prevalence of depression among U.S. adults with diabetes: findings from the 2006 behavioral risk factor surveillance system.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the prevalence rate of depression among adults with diabetes using a large population-based sample in the U.S.


METHODS
Data from the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a standardized telephone survey among U.S. adults aged >or=18 years, were analyzed (n = 18,814). The Patient Health Questionnaire diagnostic algorithm was used to identify major depression.


RESULTS
The age-adjusted prevalence rate of major depression was 8.3% (95% CI 7.3-9.3), ranging from a low of 2.0% in Connecticut to a high of 28.8% in Alaska. There were 25-fold differences in the rate among racial/ethnic subgroups (lowest, 1.1% among Asians; highest, 27.8% among American Indians/Alaska Natives). People with type 2 diabetes who were currently using insulin had a higher rate than people with type 1 diabetes (P = 0.0009) and those with type 2 diabetes who were currently not using insulin (P = 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
Major depression was highly prevalent among people with diabetes; the prevalence rate varied greatly by demographic characteristics and diabetes types.
Li
Chaoyang
C
Division of Adult and Community Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA. cli@cdc.gov
Ford
Earl S
ES
Strine
Tara W
TW
Mokdad
Ali H
AH
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000523:psychology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000523:psychology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000523:psychology; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012309:Risk-Taking; D013689:Telephone; D014481:United States