title: Litomosoides sigmodontis: vaccine-induced immune responses against Wolbachia surface protein can enhance the survival of filarial nematodes during primary infection.
abstract: Wolbachia are bacteria present within the tissues of most filarial nematodes. Filarial nematode survival is known to be affected by immune responses generated during filarial nematode infection and immune responses to Wolbachia can be found in different species harbouring filarial nematode infections, including humans. Using the rodent filarial model Litomosoides sigmodontis, we show that pre-exposure to wolbachia surface protein in a Th1 context (but not in a Th2-context) enhances worm survival on subsequent challenge. This study suggests that despite abundant evidence that pro-inflammatory reactions to the endosymbiont have detrimental effects on the both the nematode and mammalian host, they may under some circumstances be beneficial to the nematode.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Evolution, King's Buildings, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JT, UK.
authors.forename: Tracey J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.forename: Anjanette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Laetitia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Le Goff
authors.forename: Andrew F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Read
authors.forename: Judith E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Allen
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005368:Filariasis / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology*; D005370:Filarioidea / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013559:Symbiosis; D014611:Vaccination; D020577:Wolbachia / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D016207:Cytokines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C112171:Wsp protein, Wolbachia