title: X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein increases mitochondrial antioxidants through NF-kappaB activation.
abstract: X chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein is an endogenous inhibitor of caspases and is an important regulator of cell death. XIAP can also influence cell signaling, but downstream proteins affected are largely unknown. We show here using neuronal PC6.3 cells that XIAP increases the levels of antioxidants, particularly superoxide dismutase-2 that is localized to mitochondria. Studies using reporter constructs and NF-kappaB Rel-A deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts showed that NF-kappaB signaling is required for the induction of Sod2 by XIAP. XIAP also reduced oxidative stress in the PC6.3 cells as shown by decreased production of reactive oxygen species. These findings disclose a novel role for XIAP in control of oxidative stress and mitochondrial antioxidants that may contribute to cell protection after various injuries.
authors.affiliation: Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Minna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kairisalo
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Korhonen
authors.forename: Klas
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blomgren
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lindholm
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D041701:Swiss 3T3 Cells; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein / Q000502:physiology*; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016328:NF-kappa B; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2