title: Cytoskeletal signaling by way of alpha-actinin-1 mediates ERK1/2 activation by repetitive deformation in human Caco2 intestinal epithelial cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Repetitive deformation stimulates proliferation in human Caco2 intestinal epithelial cells by way of an ERK1/2-dependent pathway. We examined the effects of cytoskeletal perturbation on deformation-induced signaling in Caco2 cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Caco2 cell cytoskeleton was disrupted with either cytochalasin D, phalloidin, colchicine, or paclitaxel. Levels of alpha-actinin-1 and -4 and paxillin were reduced by specific small interfering RNA. Cells on collagen I-precoated membranes were subjected to 10% repetitive deformation at 10 cycles/min. After 1 hour, cells were lysed for Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Strain-activated ERK1/2, focal adhesion kinase, and Src phosphorylation in dimethyl sulfoxide- and/or nontargeting small interfering RNA-treated control cell populations. Cytochalasin D and paclitaxel, but not phalloidin and colchicine, blocked ERK1/2 phosphorylation. A decrease in alpha-actinin-1, but not in alpha-actinin-4 or paxillin, inhibited ERK1/2 and focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation, whereas Src activation appears to be independent of these effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intestinal epithelial cell cytoskeleton may transduce mechanical signals by way of alpha-actinin-1 into the focal adhesion complex, culminating in ERK1/2 activation and proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center and Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: Jianhu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Marc D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Basson
mesh_terms: D000185:Actinin / Q000378:metabolism*; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000185:Actinin; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3