title: Variation in 24 hemostatic genes and associations with non-fatal myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Arterial thrombosis involves platelet aggregation and clot formation, yet little is known about the contribution of genetic variation in fibrin-based hemostatic factors to arterial clotting risk. We hypothesized that common variation in 24 coagulation-fibrinolysis genes would contribute to risk of incident myocardial infarction (MI) or ischemic stroke (IS).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a population-based, case-control study. Subjects were hypertensive adults and postmenopausal women 30-79 years of age, who sustained a first MI (n = 856) or IS (n = 368) between 1995 and 2002, and controls matched on age, hypertension status, and calendar year (n = 2,689). We investigated the risk of MI and IS associated with (i) global variation within each gene as measured by common haplotypes and (ii) individual haplotypes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Significance was assessed using a 0.2 threshold of the false discovery rate q-value, which accounts for multiple testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After accounting for multiple testing, global genetic variation in factor (F) VIII was associated with IS risk. Two haplotypes in FVIII and one in FXIIIa1 were significantly associated with increased IS risk (all q-values < 0.2). A plasminogen gene SNP was associated with MI risk. All are new discoveries not previously reported. Another 24 tests had P-values < 0.05 and q-values > 0.2 in MI and IS analyses, 23 of which are new and hypothesis generating.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Apart from the association of FVIII variation with IS, we found little evidence that common variation in the 24 candidate fibrin-based hemostasis genes strongly influences arterial thrombotic risk, but our results cannot rule out small effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. nlsmith@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Biagiotti
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lumley
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kooperberg
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Wiggins
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Heckbert
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Psaty
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000235:genetics*; D026122:Factor XIIIa / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006239:Haplotypes; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000235:genetics*; D010958:Plasminogen / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017698:Postmenopause; D020521:Stroke / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005169:Factor VIII; D010958:Plasminogen; D026122:Factor XIIIa