title: Prostaglandin F2alpha stimulates the expression and secretion of transforming growth factor B1 via induction of the early growth response 1 gene (EGR1) in the bovine corpus luteum.
abstract: In most mammals, prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) is believed to be a trigger that induces the regression of the corpus luteum (CL), whereby progesterone synthesis is inhibited, the luteal structure involutes, and the reproductive cycle resumes. Studies have shown that the early growth response 1 (EGR1) protein can induce the expression of proapoptotic proteins, suggesting that EGR1 may play a role in luteal regression. Our hypothesis is that EGR1 mediates the actions of PGF2alpha by inducing the expression of TGF beta1 (TGFB1), a key tissue remodeling protein. The levels of EGR1 mRNA and protein were up-regulated in the bovine CL during PGF2alpha-induced luteolysis in vivo and in PGF2alpha-treated luteal cells in vitro. Using chemical and genetic approaches, the RAF/MAPK kinase (MEK) 1/ERK pathway was identified as a proximal signaling event required for the induction of EGR1 in PGF2alpha-treated cells. Treatment with PGF2alpha increased the expression of TGFB1 mRNA and protein as well as the binding of EGR1 protein to TGFB1 promoter in bovine luteal cells. The effect of PGF2alpha on TGFB1 expression was mimicked by a protein kinase C (PKC)/RAF/MEK1/ERK activator or adenoviral-mediated expression of EGR1. The stimulatory effect of PGF2alpha on TGFB1 mRNA and TGFB1 protein secretion was inhibited by blockade of MEK1/ERK signaling and by adenoviral-mediated expression of NAB2, an EGR1 binding protein that inhibits EGR1 transcriptional activity. Treatment of luteal cells with TGFB1 reduced progesterone secretion, implicating TGFB1 in luteal regression. These studies demonstrate that PGF2alpha stimulates the expression of EGR1 and TGFB1 in the CL. We suggest that EGR1 plays a role in the expression of genes whose cognate proteins coordinate luteal regression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Edward W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Arvisais
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Dong-bao
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shyamal K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Joy L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pate
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Bo R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Rueda
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002417:Cattle; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D003338:Corpus Luteum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000494:pharmacology; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008184:Luteal Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C070379:1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D015237:Dinoprost; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1