title: Reversal of prilocaine epidural anesthesia using epidural saline or ringer's lactate washout.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several investigators have described the phenomena of epidural saline washout using bolus injections. This study was designed to determine whether epidural block could be reversed more effectively by infusion of crystalloid solutions via the epidural catheter.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred male patients scheduled for outpatient surgery were enrolled in this study. After 30 min of 2% prilocaine epidural anesthesia, patients were randomly assigned to receive 45 mL of study solution as follows: (1) normal saline bolus (group NSB); (2) Ringer's lactate bolus (group RLB); (3) normal saline infusion (group NSI); (4) Ringer's lactate infusion (group RLI). Patients in the control group received no washout fluid. Motor, sensory blockade and side effects were compared among 5 groups. Ambulation time is defined as the recovery time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the control group, ambulation time (139 +/- 15 min) was significantly longer than in the washout groups (NSB 90 +/- 10, RLB 88 +/- 10, NSI 85 +/- 8, RLI 91 +/- 6 minutes) (P < .001). Two-segment sensory regression time in the control group (86 +/- 15 min) was significantly longer than in groups NSB, RLB, NSI and RLI (55 +/- 8, 51 +/- 4, 58 +/- 8, and 53 +/- 10 minutes, respectively) (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that a more rapid recovery of motor and sensory blockade in patients undergoing epidural anesthesia may be achieved by the use of an epidural washout with either bolus or infusion of 45 mL normal saline or Ringer's lactate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. kaankat@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Kaan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katircioglu
authors.forename: Murat Yasar
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Ozkalkanli
authors.forename: Hamit
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kalfaoglu
authors.forename: Sevinc
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sannav
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ozgurbuz
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Savaci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D011318:Prilocaine; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077331:Ringer's Solution; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016138:Walking
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D011318:Prilocaine; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D000077331:Ringer's Solution