title: Seroprevalence and genital DNA prevalence of HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18 in a cohort of young Norwegian women: study design and cohort characteristics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Long-term efficacy evaluations of a quadrivalent HPV type 6/11/16/18 vaccine are ongoing in the Nordic region. As there are limited epidemiological data on HPV infection in Norway, we determined prevalence and identified sociobehavioural correlates of HPV 6/11/16/18 infection in young Norwegian women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Norwegian (n=898) women, aged 1624 years, were enrolled in a 4-year prospective study. At enrolment and at 6-month intervals thereafter, an interview on behavioural data and a gynaecological examination were undertaken. Genital samples were tested for the L1,E6 and E7 genes of HPV-6/11/16/18, and serum anti-HPV-6/11/16/18 levels were measured using a competitive Luminex immunoassay (cLIA). Results. DNA and seroprevalence of HPV 6, 11, 16 or 18 ranged from 0.9 to 16.3% and 2.6 to 16.2%,respectively; and most infected women (approximately 75%) were infected with only 1 type. Of the HPV DNA positive cases, 54.3, 50.0,47.3 and 38.5% had detectable HPV 6, 11, 16 or 18 antibodies, respectively. More than 50% of the high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) cases were HPV-16 or HPV-18 DNA positive. Lifetime number of partners was the strongest and only predictor of sero- and DNA-positivity across the 4 HPV types.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given the high prevalence of HPV infection among young women with mostly single-type infection, and the fact that type-specific HPV screening is not recommended prior to the administration of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine, our data suggest the importance of widespread,rather than targeted, immunisation.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Epidemiology, SINTEF Health Research, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway. finnes@sintef.no
authors.forename: Finn Egil
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Skjeldestad
authors.forename: Vinay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: Heather L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Sings
authors.forename: Torbjørn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Øvreness
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Turpin
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boerckel
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Janine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: Kathrin U
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: Mark T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Esser
authors.forename: Kai-Li
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Liaw
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D052685:Alphapapillomavirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral