title: Type 2 diabetes-associated fatty acid binding protein 2 promoter haplotypes are differentially regulated by GATA factors.
abstract: The human intestinal fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2) mediates fat absorption by binding and intracellular trafficking of long-chain free fatty acids. Studies with knockout mice and association analysis of polymorphisms revealed that FABP2 is a susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes (noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus [NIDDM]) and related traits. Relevant FABP2 promoter polymorphisms c.-80_-79insT (rs5861422), c.-136_-132delAGTAG (rs5861423), c.-168_-166delAAGinsT (rs1973598), c.-260G>A (rs6857641), c.-471G>A (rs2282688), and c.-778G>T (rs10034579) result in two haplotypes A and B, whereby B possesses two- to three-fold lower transcriptional activity than A. We show in luciferase reporter gene assays by a series of chimeric FABP2 promoter constructs in intestinal Caco-2 cells that polymorphism c.-80_-79insT essentially determines different activities of the FABP2 promoter. In accordance, in electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs), transcriptional factors GATA-5 and -6 bind with higher binding affinities to the FABP2 promoter region containing the -80A allele compared to B. As functional consequence, haplotype A is twice as much more activated by GATA factors than haplotype B in liver Huh7 cells. Additionally, a construct bearing the -80B allele in the background of haplotype A reversed the activity from A to B. Thus, the GATA mediated differential activation of FABP2 haplotypes depends on polymorphism c.-80_-79insT. This provides the molecular basis for the variant specific transcriptional regulation of the diabetes type 2-associated FABP2 gene.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany. klapper@molnut.uni-kiel.de
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klapper
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Böhme
authors.forename: Inke
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nitz
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Döring
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D050980:GATA Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006239:Haplotypes; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic
chemical_list: C493404:FABP2 protein, human; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D050980:GATA Transcription Factors