title: Sorafenib: a promising new targeted therapy for renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: Diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) frequently occurs at advanced stages, severely limiting the success of treatment, and median survival is barely more than a year. Previously, treatment of renal cancer was limited to nephrectomy or immunotherapy (interleukin or interferon-alpha), which was effective in a small subset of patients but often was accompanied by severe side effects. New orally administered targeted therapies have become available, offering broader benefits to patients with advanced RCC. Sorafenib is an oral, multikinase inhibitor recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as treatment for advanced RCC based on its extension of median progression-free survival from 12-24 weeks. Oncology nurses must ensure patient adherence and manage side effects of emerging treatments. This article reviews the management of skin rash, hand-foot skin reaction, hypertension, diarrhea, and fatigue in patients receiving sorafenib. In addition, a case study of a patient receiving sorafenib is presented.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH, USA. woodl@ccf.org
authors.forename: Laura S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Manchen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000139:chemically induced; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000209:etiology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D005221:Fatigue / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D024802:Nurse's Role; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D009859:Oncology Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011379:Prognosis; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012944:Social Support; D000077157:Sorafenib; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib