title: Identification of possible candidate biomarkers for local or whole body radiation exposure in C57BL/6 mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Specific genes expressed as a result of whole body exposure to gamma-radiation have been previously identified. In this study, we examined the genes further as possible biomarkers for the blood lymphocytes of C57BL/6 mice after whole body or local irradiation of the thorax, abdomen, and left subphrenic area.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of genes encoding platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb, protein tyrosine kinase, sialyltransferase, and Cu/ZnSOD in blood lymphocytes, lung tissue, spleen, and intestines. The protein expression in blood lymphocytes was confirmed by Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb, protein tyrosine kinase, sialyltransferase, and Cu/ZnSOD was significantly greater after 3 days as a result of 1 Gy of whole body irradiation. Moreover, local irradiation to the thorax, abdomen, or left subphrenic area, which are frequently exposed to therapeutic radiation doses, showed a tendency toward radiation-induced increased expression of these genes in both the blood and the locally irradiated organs. Western blot analysis also corroborated these results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb, protein tyrosine kinase, sialyltransferase, and Cu/ZnSOD might be candidates for biomarkers of radiation exposure. However, additional experiments are required to reveal the relationship between the expression levels and the prognostic effects after irradiation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hae-June
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Minyoung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chang-Mo
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Dooil
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jeoung
authors.forename: Sangwoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Chul-Koo
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Yun-Sil
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005720:Gamma Rays; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000528:radiation effects; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D040201:Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012799:Sialyltransferases / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D040201:Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D012799:Sialyltransferases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases