title: [Expressions of beta(3)-adrenoceptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in human failing heart].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the changes on the content of substrate, the activity of correlative enzyme and the mRNA and protein expressions of beta(3)-adrenoceptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) in human failing heart.
  
  
  METHODS
  Papillary muscles from 20 patients with heart failure during mitral valves replacement and 6 control subjects died of non-cardiac accidents were obtained and free fat acid (FFA), lactic acid (LD) and the activity of Na(+)K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)Mg(2+)-ATPase, protein and mRNA expressions of beta(3)-adrenergic receptor and PPARalpha were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the failing heart, the contents of fat acid, LD and expression of beta(3)-adrenoceptor mRNA and protein were significantly higher while the activity of Na(+)K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)Mg(2+)-ATPase, expressions of PPARalpha at mRNA and protein levels were significantly lower than those in control myocardium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metabolic remodeling (upregulation of beta(3)-adrenoceptor and downregulation of PPARalpha) might contribute to the pathophysiology of heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Shan-jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhen-kui
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D047493:PPAR alpha; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3