title: [Endothelial dysfunction and target organ damage in hypertensive patients complicating with or without metabolic syndrome].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the impacts of metabolic syndrome (MS) on endothelial function and target organ damage in hypertensive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with essential hypertension (EH) were divided into two groups: hypertension and metabolic syndrome (EH + MS, n = 61), hypertension without metabolic syndrome (EH + nonMS, n = 95) and 31 healthy subjects served as normal control (NC). The change of brachial artery vascular diameter, blood flow volume and vascular resistance after reactive hyperemia were measured by color Doppler ultrasonography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) Triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), body mass index (BMI) were higher in EH + MS group than that in EH + nonMS group (P < 0.05). (2) Endothelium-dependent Dilatation (FMD%) and rate of flow volume of reactive hyperemia were significantly lower in EH + MS group than that in EH + nonMS and NC group [(7.08 +/- 3.21)% vs. (8.18 +/- 1.74)% and (10.41 +/- 4.52)%, P < 0.05 and 0.01 respectively; (154.19 +/- 78.94)% vs. (196.44 +/- 64.22)% and (221.81 +/- 89.64)%, P < 0.05 and 0.01 respectively], while these parameters were similar between EH + nonMS and NC groups (P > 0.05). (3) The high sequence of forearm dilatation capability was also significantly reduced in EH + MS group compared to other groups. (4) The incidences of carotid atherosclerotic plaque and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) were significantly increased in EH + MS group compared to EH + nonMS group and NC group. (5) FMD was correlated with age, gender, smoking, SBP, DBP, TG, Fib respectively (P < 0.05). Intima-media thickness (IMT) of carotid artery was positively related with age, smoking, SBP, DBP, BMI, TG, Fib respectively. The left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was positively related with age, smoking, SBP, DBP, BMI, TG respectively. FMD was negatively related with IMT and LVMI respectively (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metabolic syndrome further aggravated endothelial dysfunction and target organ damage in patients with essential hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China. linjinxiu@medmail.com.cn
authors.forename: Jin-xiu
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiao-yong
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Da-guang
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000209:etiology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014655:Vascular Resistance