title: A biophysical model of atrial fibrillation ablation: what can a surgeon learn from a computer model?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Surgical ablation procedures for treating atrial fibrillation have been shown to be highly successful. However, the ideal ablation pattern still remains to be determined. This article reports on a systematic study of the effectiveness of the performance of different ablation line patterns.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study of ablation line patterns was performed in a biophysical model of human atria by combining basic lines: (i) in the right atrium: isthmus line, line between vena cavae and appendage line and (ii) in the left atrium: several versions of pulmonary vein isolation, connection of pulmonary veins, isthmus line, and appendage line. Success rates and the presence of residual atrial flutter were documented. Basic patterns yielded conversion rates of only 10-25 and 10-55% in the right and the left atria, respectively. The best result for pulmonary vein isolation was obtained when a single closed line encompassed all veins (55%). Combination of lines in the right/left atrium only led to a success rate of 65/80%. Higher rates, up to 90-100%, could be obtained if right and left lines were combined. The inclusion of a left isthmus line was found to be essential for avoiding uncommon left atrial flutter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some patterns studied achieved a high conversion rate, although using a smaller number of lines than those of the Maze III procedure. The biophysical atrial model is shown to be effective in the search for promising alternative ablation strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. patrick.ruchat@chuv.ch
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruchat
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Virag
authors.forename: Lam
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.forename: Jürg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schlaepfer
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pruvot
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kappenberger
mesh_terms: D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001282:Atrial Flutter / Q000517:prevention & control; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D001703:Biophysics; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D016896:Treatment Outcome