title: Induction of mitotic cell death in cancer cells by small interference RNA suppressing the expression of RecQL1 helicase.
abstract: RecQL1 DNA helicase of the human RecQ helicase family participates in DNA repair and recombination pathways during cell-cycle replication. When we examined the effect of RecQL1 suppression on cell growth, we found that RecQL1 silencing by small interference RNA efficiently prevented proliferation of a wide range of cancer cells by inducing mitotic catastrophe and mitotic cell death. In contrast, such mitotic cell death was not seen in the growing normal fibroblasts used as controls, even if RecQL1 expression was fully downregulated. Our results support the hypothesis that endogenous DNA damage that occurs during DNA replication and remains unrepaired in cancer cells due to RecQL1 silencing induces cancer cell-specific mitotic catastrophe through a less-strict checkpoint in cancer cells than in normal cells. We speculate that normal cells are exempt from such mitotic cell death, despite slow growth, because cell-cycle progression is controlled strictly by a strong checkpoint system that detects DNA damage and arrests progression of the cell cycle until DNA damage is repaired completely. These results suggest that RecQL1 helicase is an excellent molecular target for cancer chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: GeneCare Research Institute, 19-2 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa 247-0063, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunobu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Futami
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Makino
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Motoki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimamoto
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Furuichi
mesh_terms: D016923:Cell Death / Q000235:genetics; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D015536:Down-Regulation; D020868:Gene Silencing; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008938:Mitosis / Q000235:genetics; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics*; D053484:RecQ Helicases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D053484:RecQ Helicases