title: New pre-pandemic influenza vaccines: an egg- and adjuvant-independent human adenoviral vector strategy induces long-lasting protective immune responses in mice.
abstract: Highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses that are currently circulating in southeast Asia may acquire the potential to cause the next influenza pandemic. A number of alternate approaches are being pursued to generate cross-protective, dose-sparing, safe, and effective vaccines, as traditional vaccine approaches, i.e., embryonated egg-grown, are not immunogenic. We developed a replication-incompetent adenoviral vector-based, adjuvant- and egg-independent pandemic influenza vaccine strategy as a potential alternative to conventional egg-derived vaccines. In this paper, we address suboptimal dose and longevity of vaccine-induced protective immunity and demonstrate that a vaccine dose as little as 1 x 10(6) plaque-forming unit (PFU) is sufficient to induce protective immune responses against a highly pathogenic H5N1 virus. Furthermore, the vaccine-induced humoral and cellular immune responses and protective immunity persisted at least for a year.
authors.affiliation: Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hoelscher
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jayashankar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Veguilla
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mittal
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sambhara
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D000917:Antibody Formation; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015195:Drug Design; D004531:Eggs; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines