title: Origin of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus in China and genetic characterization of donor and recipient viruses.
abstract: Genetic analysis of all eight genes of two Nanchang avian influenza viruses, A/Duck/Nanchang/1681/92 (H3N8-1681) and A/Duck/Nanchang/1904/92 (H7N1-1904), isolated from Jiangxi province, China, in 1992, showed that six internal genes of H3N8-1681 virus and five internal (except NS gene) genes of H7N1-1904 virus were closely similar to A/Goose/Guangdong/1/96 (H5N1) virus, the first highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus of subtype H5N1 isolated in Asia. The neuraminidase (NA) gene of Gs/Gd/1/96 had the highest genetic similarity with A/Duck/Hokkaido/55/96 (H1N1-55) virus. The haemagglutinin (HA) gene of Gs/Gd/1/96 virus might have originated as a result of mutation of H5 HA gene from A/Swan/Hokkaido/51/96 (H5N3-51)-like viruses. The PA gene of H5N3-51 virus had the highest similarity with Gs/Gd/1/96. This study explains the origin of first Asian HPAI H5N1 virus in Guangdong by the reassortment of Nanchang (close to Guangdong) and Hokkaido (Japan) (H1N1-55 and H5N3-51) viruses. Genetic characteristics of donor and recipient viruses were also studied.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Muhammad Mahmood
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mukhtar
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Sahibzada T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Rasool
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Degui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chengliang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D004372:Ducks; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005777:Geese; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics; D053123:Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / Q000235:genetics; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000821:virology*; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / Q000235:genetics; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; C061290:PA protein, influenza viruses; D014764:Viral Proteins; C458881:hemagglutinin fusogenic peptide, influenza virus; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase