[Respiratory infections and congenital heart disease: two seasons of the CIVIC study].
BACKGROUND
In younger than 24 month with significant congenital heart disease we evaluate the hospitalisation rate for acute respiratory tract infection, the associated risk factors, compliance of preventive measures, aetiology and clinical course.


METHODS
Ours was an epidemiological, multicentric (53 Spanish hospitals), observational and prospective study, in two seasons from October to April from 2004 to 2006. 1248 patients were follow-up.


RESULTS
167 patients (13.4 %, 95 % CI: 11.6-15.4 %) required 210 hospitalizations for respiratory infection. Significant risk factors were with Odds ratio: Delection 22q11 4.31, sibilances 4.25, incomplete prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus 2.10, sibblings less than 11 years old 2.06, trisomy 21 1.89, second season 1.74, prematurity 1.54. Protective factors were: weight over third percentile 0.57, female 0.65 and age in months 0.94. The main diagnosis were bronchiolitis (41.7 %), upper respiratory airway infection (28,1 %) and pneumoniae (17.6 %). An infectious agent was found in 32.5 % cases. Respiratory syncytial virus was the principal agent founded with a 3.4 % specific rate. Median stay was 6 days. In 18.1 % episodes admission in intensive care unit was required. 4 patients (0.32 %) died from respiratory infection.


CONCLUSIONS
We found 13.4 % in hospital admissions for respiratory infection. Significant risk factors are mainly associated (syndromes, malnutrition, siblings, incomplete respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis). Bronchiolitis and respiratory syncytial virus was the most common clinical picture and identified infectious agent. In some cases they are morbidity and mortality.
Medrano López
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Coordinadores del Estudio CIVIC en representación del Grupo de Trabajo de Infecciones de Sociedad Española de Cardiología Pediátrica y Cardiopatías Congénitas. consmelu@yahoo.es
García-Guereta Silva
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D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002892:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 / Q000235:genetics; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons