title: Relationships among regional diastolic impairment, elongation of global time to peak filling rate, and global diastolic function using ECG-gated myocardial perfusion SPECT in heart failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The relationships among regional diastolic impairment, the elongation of global time to peak filling rate (g-TPF), and global diastolic function were examined by a novel program using electrocardiography-gated myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (GMPS) in heart failure (HF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen control subjects and 70 HF patients, New York Heart Association functional classification I (N-1) 41 cases, classification II (N-II) 15 cases, and classification III (N-III) 14 cases, were examined by GMPS. Using the reference mean +2 SD (standard deviation) of g-TPF derived from control group (CG), HF patients were divided into a normal g-TPF group (NG) and elongated g-TPF group (EG). The distributions of g-TPF and regional (r-) TPF were estimated by histograms. The extension of regional diastolic impairment was estimated by the number of r-TPF elongated segments (NES).
  
  
  RESULTS
  g-TPF and r-TPF mainly distributed from 100 ms to 220 ms and demonstrated a peak around 150 ms in CG and NG. g-TPF distributed from 240 ms to 560 ms, but r-TPF distributed from 90 ms to 690 ms and demonstrated two peaks around 150 ms and 350 ms in EG. NES significantly correlated with g-TPF (r=0.79, P=6x10(-10) in N-I; r=0.69 and P<0.005 in N-II; r=0.89, P=2x10(-5) in N-III). NES negatively correlated with first third filling fraction (1/3FF) (r=-0.83, P=3x10(-11) in N-I; r=-0.72, P<0.0005 in N-II) and first third filling rate (1/3FR) (r=-0.49, P=0.002 in N-I; r=-0.52, P=0.002 in N-II; r=-0.81, P<0.0005 in N-III). g-TPF significantly correlated with 1/3FF (r=-0.67, P=1.5x10(-6) in N-I; r=-0.69, P<0.005 in N-II) and 1/3FR (r=-0.41, P<0.01 in N-I; r=-0.69, P<0.01 in N-III).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The development of regional early diastolic impairment makes g-TPF elongation and induces global dysfunction in early diastole.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Nippon Medical School, Tamanagayama Hospital, 1-7-1 Nagayama, Tama, 206-8512, Japan. a-kira@nms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Munakata
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Yuuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tamai
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shiiba
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okuyama
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneshiro
authors.forename: Haruko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuruta
authors.forename: Toshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takama
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Satou
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013318:Stroke Volume; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000379:methods*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*