title: The retroangular flap revisited.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To date, the retroangular flap has been used only for reconstruction of defects of the nose and the glabella.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to expand the indications of the retroangular flap in facial reconstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  We repaired the facial defects of 11 patients using 12 retroangular flaps. These defects were located on the nose in 4 patients, the lower eyelid in 4 patients, the upper eyelid in 2 patients, and the cheek in 1 patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean follow-up time was 13.2 months. All of the flaps survived, and no revisional procedures were required. Cosmetic and functional outcomes were satisfactory in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The retroangular flap is a valuable alternative for the management of small- to moderate-sized defects of the midface. We strongly suggest extending the use of this flap to include reconstruction of nasal, eyelid, and cheek defects.
authors.affiliation: Ataturk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Erzurum, Turkey. mdtan@atauni.edu.tr
authors.forename: Onder
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Bekir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Atik
authors.forename: Duygu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ergen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery; D002610:Cheek / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007636:Keratoacanthoma / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009666:Nose / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D016896:Treatment Outcome