title: Compositional differences between infant and adult human corneal basement membranes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adult human corneal epithelial basement membrane (EBM) and Descemet's membrane (DM) components exhibit heterogeneous distribution. The purpose of the study was to identify changes of these components during postnatal corneal development.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty healthy adult corneas and 10 corneas from 12-day- to 3-year-old children were studied by immunofluorescence with antibodies against BM components.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Type IV collagen composition of infant corneal central EBM over Bowman's layer changed from alpha1-alpha2 to alpha3-alpha4 chains after 3 years of life; in the adult, alpha1-alpha2 chains were retained only in the limbal BM. Laminin alpha2 and beta2 chains were present in the adult limbal BM where epithelial stem cells are located. By 3 years of age, beta2 chain appeared in the limbal BM. In all corneas, limbal BM contained laminin gamma3 chain. In the infant DM, type IV collagen alpha1-alpha6 chains, perlecan, nidogen-1, nidogen-2, and netrin-4 were found on both faces, but they remained only on the endothelial face of the adult DM. The stromal face of the infant but not the adult DM was positive for tenascin-C, fibrillin-1, SPARC, and laminin-332. Type VIII collagen shifted from the endothelial face of infant DM to its stromal face in the adult. Matrilin-4 largely disappeared after the age of 3 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The distribution of laminin gamma3 chain, nidogen-2, netrin-4, matrilin-2, and matrilin-4 is described in the cornea for the first time. The observed differences between adult and infant corneal BMs may relate to changes in their mechanical strength, corneal cell adhesion and differentiation in the process of postnatal corneal maturation.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Research Laboratories, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kabosova
authors.forename: Dimitri T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Azar
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bannikov
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Madeleine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Durbeej
authors.forename: Reza F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Ghohestani
authors.forename: Jonathan C R
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: M Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kenney
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.forename: Bruce L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Patton
authors.forename: Mats
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paulsson
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sado
authors.forename: E Helene
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Sage
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Lydia M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Sorokin
authors.forename: Marie-France
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Steiner-Champliaud
authors.forename: Tung-Tien
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Nirmala
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sundarraj
authors.forename: Rupert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Timpl
authors.forename: Ismo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Virtanen
authors.forename: Alexander V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Ljubimov
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000737:chemistry*; D050541:Bowman Membrane / Q000737:chemistry*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003886:Descemet Membrane / Q000737:chemistry*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins