title: Treatment of intrabony defects using guided tissue regeneration and autogenous spongiosa alone or combined with hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosphate bone substitute or bovine-derived xenograft.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the clinical regeneration of deep intrabony defects using guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with autogenous spongiosa (ASB) alone or using GTR with a mixture of ASB with a bovine-derived xenograft (BDX) or a synthetic composite bone substitute (hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosphate [HA/beta-TCP]).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four patients with a total of 93 intrabony defects of 2- or 3-wall morphology and an intrabony component (IC)>or=4 mm participated in this study. Defects were treated with a bioabsorbable membrane and ASB alone or ASB mixed with HA/beta-TCP or BDX. Clinical parameters measured at baseline and 12 months after surgery included IC, bleeding on probing (BOP), and plaque accumulation (PLI). Vertical bone gain (VBG) and percentage relative bone gain (RBG) were used as indicators of treatment efficacy. A stringent plaque control regimen was enforced in all patients during the 12-month observation period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, no statistically significant differences in any of the clinical parameters were observed between the groups. At 12 months, HA/beta-TCP and BDX treatments produced similar improvements in intrabony tissue regeneration as shown by VBG (P=0.616) and RBG (P=0.826) with significantly better outcomes than ASB alone (P<0.0001). Changes in BOP and PLI did not differ significantly between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combined use of ASB with BDX or HA/beta-TCP led to significantly greater gain of clinical attachment and hard tissue formation compared to the use of ASB alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany. zafiropoulos@greg-zafiropoulos.com
authors.forename: Gregory-George K
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Zafiropoulos
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kasaj
authors.forename: Brita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Willershausen
authors.forename: Oren
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Van Dyke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D012907:Smoking; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; C074950:hydroxyapatite-beta tricalcium phosphate