title: An exploration of the spiritual and psychosocial variables associated with husband-to-wife abuse and its effect on women in abusive relationships.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose was to: 1) determine which aspects of religious belief incompatibility were associated with husband-to-wife abuse; 2) determine whether religious coping was independently associated with functional status among victims of spousal abuse; and 3) whether degree of abuse correlated with degrees of religious belief incompatibility or functional status among abused wives.
  
  
  METHODS
  Couples were asked to complete a structured interview concerning marital satisfaction, argument frequency, alcohol use, witnessing violence as a child, spirituality, functional status, and domestic violence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In four areas of spiritual belief (sense of being judged, closeness to God, congregational benefits, forgiveness), religious belief incompatibility significantly predicted abuse. Perceived congregational help and religious coping were associated with improved social support. Finally, abuse severity and duration correlated with functional status but not with degree of religious belief incompatibility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of religious belief incompatibility may account for more variance in husband-to-wife abuse than non-spiritual predictors alone. Although the presence of abuse was associated with poorer functional status in women, religious coping was only linked to improved social support.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78229-3900, USA. katerndahl@uthscsa.edu
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Katerndahl
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Obregon
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D017579:Domestic Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011336:Probability; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics; D012067:Religion; D012068:Religion and Medicine; D012069:Religion and Psychology; D012944:Social Support; D029181:Spirituality; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014930:Women / Q000523:psychology*