title: Combined treatment with BTX-A and ITB for spasticity: case report.
abstract: One woman with profound mental retardation and spasticity living in a public residential developmental center was treated with intrathecal baclofen therapy and botulinum toxin type A injections. After one year of regular injections, extension across the right elbow increased 49 degrees. After one year of ITB, range of motion for left hip abduction increased 28 degrees; right hip abduction 9 degrees; left hip flexion 3 degrees; right hip flexion 1 degree; right knee flexion 31 degrees. Our case demonstrates the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in order to ease care and prevent complications. Expanded investigations should be carried out to evaluate the efficacy of combined therapy in patients with mental retardation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-2551, USA.
authors.forename: Chandler E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Edgard O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: CaraLee R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Blair
authors.forename: Henry M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Charles
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001418:Baclofen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015918:Infusion Pumps, Implantable; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007278:Injections, Spinal / Q000295:instrumentation; D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A; D001418:Baclofen