Allogeneic tumor-cell-based vaccines secreting endoplasmic reticulum chaperone gp96.
Heat-shock proteins are chaperones for proteins including tumor antigens. Heat-shock protein gp96, also known as glucose-regulated protein grp94, is the primary chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum and a natural adjuvant for priming the innate and adaptive immune system. By transfecting tumor cells with a genetically modified secretory form of gp96, the tumor cells are transformed into vaccine cells. Gp96 vaccines in murine studies trigger robust innate and antigen-specific cellular immune responses and cause tumor rejection followed by long-lasting tumor immunity. The authors briefly review here the generation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses by gp96 and the most up to date clinical data in the use of gp96-based cancer vaccines.
Podack
Eckhard R
ER
University of Miami School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Room 3045D, Miami, FL 33136, USA. EPodack@med.miami.edu
Raez
Luis E
LE
D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014162:Transfection
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; C053387:endoplasmin