title: PHI-base update: additions to the pathogen host interaction database.
abstract: The pathogen-host interaction database (PHI-base) is a web-accessible database that catalogues experimentally verified pathogenicity, virulence and effector genes from bacterial, fungal and Oomycete pathogens, which infect human, animal, plant, insect, fish and fungal hosts. Plant endophytes are also included. PHI-base is therefore an invaluable resource for the discovery of genes in medically and agronomically important pathogens, which may be potential targets for chemical intervention. The database is freely accessible to both academic and non-academic users. This publication describes recent additions to the database and both current and future applications. The number of fields that characterize PHI-base entries has almost doubled. Important additional fields deal with new experimental methods, strain information, pathogenicity islands and external references that link the database to external resources, for example, gene ontology terms and Locus IDs. Another important addition is the inclusion of anti-infectives and their target genes that makes it possible to predict the compounds, that may interact with newly identified virulence factors. In parallel, the curation process has been improved and now involves several external experts. On the technical side, several new search tools have been provided and the database is also now distributed in XML format. PHI-base is available at: http://www.phi-base.org/.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomathematics and Bioinformatics, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, UK.
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Winnenburg
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beacham
authors.forename: Thomas K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Baldwin
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: Magdalen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindeberg
authors.forename: Hilde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rawlings
authors.forename: Kim E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Hammond-Kosack
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Köhler
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D005658:Fungi / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics*; D020407:Internet; D009868:Oomycetes / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D037521:Virulence Factors