title: Antigen-specific B-cell responses by neonatal calves after early vaccination.
abstract: The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of early vaccination on the phenotype (i.e., activation marker expression) and functional capacity of B cell populations in neonatal calves. In the first of 2 experiments, 6 calves were vaccinated with ovalbumin at 3 and 5 wk of age. Three of the 6 calves also were vaccinated with Mycobacterium bovis, strain bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) at 3 wk of age. Mycobacterium bovis lipoarabinomannan-reactive IgG1 and IgG2 were detected in calf sera prior to vaccination, indicative of colostral transfer of maternal Ig cross-specific to BCG. Ovalbumin-specific IgG1 and IgG2 were not detected before vaccination. Vaccination of 3-wk-old calves with ovalbumin elicited antigen-specific IgG1 and IgG2 anti-body responses that were amplified by secondary vaccination. Vaccination with BCG did not elicit a measurable antibody response. In the second experiment, 6 calves were vaccinated with ovalbumin at 3 and 5 wk of age in addition to BCG at 3 wk of age. Lymph node cell populations stimulated with ovalbumin had decreased CD5, CD21, and CD40 expression and increased B-B2, CD25, and CD80 expression on IgM+ cells. Stimulation of the same population with purified-protein derivative increased CD25 and CD80 expression on IgM+ cells. Expression of activation molecules on ovalbumin- and purified protein derivative-stimulated CD5+ IgM+ cells was similar to expression on the larger IgM+ cell population. An increased expression of major histocompatibility class II on CD5+ IgM+ cells after stimulation was the only exception. Interestingly, IgM+ cells isolated from the superficial cervical lymph node draining the vaccination site, but not from the opposing cervical lymph node, responded to antigen stimulation in vitro. In conclusion, calves generated B cell responses to ovalbumin and BCG after vaccination. Additional studies are necessary to determine whether maternal immunologic experience transferred via colostral immunoglobulin inhibits production of mycobacteria-specific immunoglobulin production in the calf.
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Physiology Group, Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 313 Kildee Hall, Ames 50011, USA.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Foote
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Nonnecke
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Beitz
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Waters
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000276:immunology*; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D018956:CD5 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle / Q000276:immunology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000662:veterinary; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000276:immunology; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000276:immunology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology; D008297:Male; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology*; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D018956:CD5 Antigens; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D010047:Ovalbumin