title: Efficacy of the Incredible Years Basic parent training programme as an early intervention for children with conduct problems and ADHD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The efficacy of the Incredible Years (IY) Basic parent training (PT) programme for a community-based sample of families with pre-school children at risk of developing both conduct problems and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pre-school children displaying signs of both early-onset conduct problems and ADHD were randomly allocated to either IY PT intervention, or to a waiting list (WL) control group. Child symptoms were assessed before and after the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Post intervention, the intervention group was associated with significantly lower levels of parent-reported inattention and hyperactive/impulsive difficulties, even after controlling for post-intervention changes in child deviance. In addition, 52% of those in the intervention condition, compared with 21% in the control condition, displayed clinically reliable improvements post intervention, giving an absolute risk reduction of 31% and a number needed to treat of 3.23.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings from this study indicate that the IY PT programme is a valuable intervention for many pre-school children displaying early signs of ADHD.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Wales, Bangor, College Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, UK.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Daley
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hutchings
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bywater
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eames
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001242:Assertiveness; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018479:Early Intervention, Educational / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents; D015397:Program Evaluation; D016896:Treatment Outcome