title: Promoting quality: the health-care organization from a management perspective.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although agreement about the need for quality improvement in health care is almost universal, the means of achieving effective improvement in overall care is not well understood. Avedis Donabedian developed the structure-process-outcome framework in which to think about quality-improvement efforts.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  There is now a robust evidence-base in the quality-improvement literature on process and outcomes, but structure has received considerably less attention. The health-care field would benefit from expanding the current interpretation of structure to include broader perspectives on organizational attributes as primary determinants of process change and quality improvement.
  
  
  METHODS
  We highlight and discuss the following key elements of organizational attributes from a management perspective: (i) executive management, including senior leadership and board responsibilities (ii) culture, (iii) organizational design, (iv) incentive structures and (v) information management and technology. We discuss the relevant contributions from the business and medical literature for each element, and provide this framework as a roadmap for future research in an effort to develop the optimal definition of 'structure' for transforming quality-improvement initiatives.
authors.affiliation: Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Seth W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Glickman
authors.forename: Kelvin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Baggett
authors.forename: Christopher G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Krubert
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Schulman
mesh_terms: D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D019451:Information Management; D007857:Leadership; D015279:Organizational Culture; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D014481:United States