title: Overexpression of CDC91L1 (PIG-U) in bladder urothelial cell carcinoma: correlation with clinical variables and prognostic significance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate cell division cycle 91-like 1 (CDC91L1; also called phosphatidylinositol glycan class U, PIG-U) expression in bladder cancer at both the mRNA and protein levels, and to study its clinical and prognostic significance, as CDC91L1 was recently identified as a new oncogene in human bladder cancer and its role in the biological behaviour of bladder cancer is largely unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 73 bladder tumours and 14 samples of normal bladder urothelium were studied by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The normalized CDC91L1 mRNA copy number in tumours was significantly greater than in normal controls (P < 0.05). There was overexpression of CDC91L1 mRNA in 30.1% (22/73) of the bladder tumours compared with the normal urothelium. At the protein level, 75.3% (55/73) of the bladder tumours and two of 14 of the normal urothelium had high expression of CDC91L1 protein, which is statistically significant (P < 0.001). The correlation between CDC91L1 protein and tumour grade, and muscle invasion of tumour was significant (both P < 0.05). In addition to tumour extent and tumour grade, CDC91L1 protein was an independent predictor of recurrence for superficial bladder cancer and had a trend to predict tumour progression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CDC91L1 (PIG-U) plays a role in the development of bladder urothelial cell carcinoma. CDC91L1 protein might be a potential biomarker for prediction of recurrence and a therapeutic target in bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Ding-Wei
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Xu-Dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Trink
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Shi-Lin
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Hai-Liang
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Zhongmin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Guojun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jatin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nagpal
mesh_terms: D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D000217:Acyltransferases; C081007:COOH-terminal signal transamidase