Inhibitory effect of cranberry polyphenol on biofilm formation and cysteine proteases of Porphyromonas gingivalis.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cranberry polyphenol fraction on biofilm formation and activities of Arg-gingipain and Lys-gingipain in Porphyromonas gingivalis.


METHODS
The polyphenol fraction was prepared by using a glass column packed with Amberlite XAD 7HP and 70% aqueous ethanol as an elution solvent.


RESULTS
Synergistic biofilm formation by P. gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum was significantly inhibited by the polyphenol fraction at a concentration of 250 microg/mL compared with untreated controls (p < 0.01). Arg-gingipain and Lys-gingipain activities in P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 and FDC 381 were inhibited significantly at a polyphenol fraction concentration of > or = 1 microg/mL (p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
These findings indicate that the polyphenol fraction inhibits biofilm formation and the Arg-gingipain and Lys-gingipain activities of P. gingivalis.
Yamanaka
A
A
Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan. aya manak@tdc.ac.jp
Kouchi
T
T
Kasai
K
K
Kato
T
T
Ishihara
K
K
Okuda
K
K
D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000187:drug effects; D000080867:Gingipain Cysteine Endopeptidases; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology*; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D029799:Vaccinium macrocarpon
D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D005419:Flavonoids; D000080867:Gingipain Cysteine Endopeptidases; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases