title: An Hfq-like protein in archaea: crystal structure and functional characterization of the Sm protein from Methanococcus jannaschii.
abstract: The Sm and Sm-like proteins are conserved in all three domains of life and have emerged as important players in many different RNA-processing reactions. Their proposed role is to mediate RNA-RNA and/or RNA-protein interactions. In marked contrast to eukaryotes, bacteria appear to contain only one distinct Sm-like protein belonging to the Hfq family of proteins. Similarly, there are generally only one or two subtypes of Sm-related proteins in archaea, but at least one archaeon, Methanococcus jannaschii, encodes a protein that is related to Hfq. This archaeon does not contain any gene encoding a conventional archaeal Sm-type protein, suggesting that Hfq proteins and archaeal Sm-homologs can complement each other functionally. Here, we report the functional characterization of M. jannaschii Hfq and its crystal structure at 2.5 A resolution. The protein forms a hexameric ring. The monomer fold, as well as the overall structure of the complex is similar to that found for the bacterial Hfq proteins. However, clear differences are seen in the charge distribution on the distal face of the ring, which is unusually negative in M. jannaschii Hfq. Moreover, owing to a very short N-terminal alpha-helix, the overall diameter of the archaeal Hfq hexamer is significantly smaller than its bacterial counterparts. Functional analysis reveals that Escherichia coli and M. jannaschii Hfqs display very similar biochemical and biological properties. It thus appears that the archaeal and bacterial Hfq proteins are largely functionally interchangeable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jesper S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bøggild
authors.forename: Christian B F
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Gorm
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boysen
authors.forename: Ditlev E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Brodersen
authors.forename: Poul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valentin-Hansen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019843:Archaeal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D035001:Host Factor 1 Protein / Q000737:chemistry*; D017017:Methanococcus / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011487:Protein Conformation; D019642:RNA, Archaeal / Q000737:chemistry*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D017411:Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019843:Archaeal Proteins; D035001:Host Factor 1 Protein; D019642:RNA, Archaeal; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D017411:Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear