title: Prostate cancer antigen-1 as a potential novel marker for prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the expression of prostate cancer antigen-1 (PCA-1) in prostate cancer (PCa) and to validate it as a potential marker for diagnosis of PCa.
  
  
  METHODS
  In situ hybridization analysis of PCA-1 mRNA expression was performed on 40 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), 16 high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasm (HG-PIN), 74 PCa and 34 other malignant carcinoma specimens. The level of PCA-1 expression was semiquantitatively scored by assessing both the percentage and intensity of PCA-1 positive staining cells in the specimens. We then compared the PCA-1 expression between BPH, HG-PIN and PCa and evaluated the correlation of PCA-1 expression level with clinical parameters of PCa.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PCA-1 mRNA was expressed in the majority of both PCa and HG-PIN specimens but not in BPH and other malignant carcinoma. The expression level of PCA-1 increased along with a high Gleason score (P < 0.05), and was unrelated to other clinical parameters of PCa (all P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that PCA-1 might be a novel diagnostic marker for PCa, and that increased PCA-1 expression might denote more aggressive variants of PCa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China. liubq76@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Bing-Qian
authors.initials: BQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yu-Dong
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Pei-Huan
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jin-Xing
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ran-Lu
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001706:Biopsy; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018076:DNA, Complementary; C505096:PCA-1 antigen, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger