title: Fear of sexual intercourse in patients with coronary artery disease: a pilot study of associated morbidity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sexual fear is a known cause for avoidance of intercourse, especially in patients with chronic conditions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Given the significant impact of fear of intercourse on the quality of life, we herein report our pilot results regarding the differences in the demographic, clinical, marital, and psychological characteristics of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with and without sexual fear.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study conducted in Baqyiatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran, in 2006, 87 married CAD patients were assessed for the presence of sexual fear. Subjects with and without sexual fear were compared for demographic and clinical data as well as for Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Revised-Dyadic Adjustment Scale (R-DAS) scores.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic and clinical data, sexual fear (Relationship and Sexuality Scale), symptoms of anxiety and depression (HADS), and marital relation quality (R-DAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-nine subjects were reported to have some degrees of fear of sexual intercourse and a lower frequency of sexual intercourse. Age, socioeconomic status, education level, tobacco smoking, and history of myocardial infarction were significantly different between those with and the ones without sexual fear. Body mass index, extent of coronary involvement, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, stroke, hyperlipidemia, history of diabetes, and the use of beta-blockers were not statistically different in the two groups. The subjects with sexual fear reported higher HADS depressive and R-DAS scores but not higher HADS anxiety scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among different nonmodifiable and modifiable correlates of fear of sexual intercourse in CAD patients, marital relationship and depressive symptoms should be highlighted in future interventional studies with the aim of allaying such fears.
authors.affiliation: Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Davoud
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kazemi-Saleh
authors.forename: Bahram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pishgou
authors.forename: Shervin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Assari
authors.forename: Seyed Abbass
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Tavallaii
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology; D003075:Coitus / Q000523:psychology*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011788:Quality of Life; D020018:Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires