Interplay of socio-economic factors, consanguinity, fertility, and offspring mortality in Monastir, Tunisia.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the association among social status, prevalence of consanguineous marriages, and the effects of consanguinity on reproductive behavior and mortality in Tunisia.


METHODS
The study included data on a total of 1741 live-births born from November 1989 to October 1990 in the maternity ward of the University-Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba of Monastir, Tunisia. After delivery, women filled out a questionnaire on the age of the parents at marriage, the number of pregnancies and abortions, the number of neonatal and post-neonatal deaths, and deaths of children under 5 years. Three categories of marriages were distinguished as follows: marriages between first cousins, marriages between cousins of other degree, and non consanguineous marriages.


RESULTS
Consanguineous marriages represented 432 (24.81%) of the unions. Most consanguineous marriages were contracted between first cousins (n=303; 70.13%). Consanguineous couples had a lower age at marriage and a higher fertility index than non-consanguineous couples. The rates of spontaneous abortions and stillbirths were not correlated with consanguinity. However, higher rates of neonatal and post-neonatal deaths, and deaths of children younger than 5 years were observed in consanguineous couples.


CONCLUSIONS
Fertility index and mortality, especially in the first year of life, were significantly higher in consanguineous marriages. This important socio-economical factor needs to be considered in assessing equity on health in specific social and cultural contexts.
Kerkeni
Emna
E
Laboratory of Genetics, University Medicinal School of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. Hassen.BenCheikh@fmm.rnu.tn
Monastiri
Kamel
K
Saket
Besma
B
Guediche
Mohamed Neji
MN
Ben Cheikh
Hassen
H
D017677:Age Distribution; D015984:Causality; D046688:Child Mortality; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003241:Consanguinity; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008393:Marriage / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014416:Tunisia / Q000453:epidemiology