title: Antimicrobial resistance of urinary tract isolates in acute uncomplicated cystitis among college-aged women: choosing a first-line therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors of this retrospective case study focused on antimicrobial susceptibility of urinary tract isolates in cases of acute uncomplicated cystitis in college-aged women, aged 18 to 24 years, diagnosed at a major south-central university student health center.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors obtained pertinent data from patient medical and laboratory records, including, diagnoses, urine culture, and susceptibility results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 179 isolates, 161 (90%) were Escherichia coli (E. Coli) isolates, of which 23% were resistant to trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole, <1% were resistant to Ciprofloxacin, and <1% were resistant to nitrofurantoin. Sixty-eight (42%) E. Coli isolates were multidrug resistant. There were 18 isolates cultured in the study group that were significant organisms other than E. coli. For all organisms in the study group, there was a combined resistance rate of 22% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, <1.0% for Ciprofloxacin, and 7% for nitrofurantoin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that both Ciprofloxacin and Nitrofurantoin are acceptable choices for empiric therapy of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection in this study population, keeping in mind the potential for rising resistance rates to Ciprofloxacin in the community setting.
authors.affiliation: The University of Oklahoma Health Services, Norman 73069, USA. lahames@ou.edu
authors.forename: Leesa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hames
authors.forename: Craig E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Rice
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003556:Cystitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000652:urine; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008499:Medical Records; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009582:Nitrofurantoin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009825:Oklahoma; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013333:Student Health Services; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016482:Urinalysis; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D009582:Nitrofurantoin