title: Antisense oligonucleotide Elk-1 suppresses the tumorigenicity of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
abstract: In previous studies, we showed that reducing Ets-like protein-1 (Elk-1) expression inhibited protein kinase C alpha (PKC alpha) expression and decreased cell migration and invasion in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we have investigated the role of Elk-1 in tumorigenesis. SK-Hep-1 HCC cells were transfected with the ElK-1 antisense oligonucleotide (ODN). In the pretreated cells we detected a reduction of mRNA level using RT-PCR. The inhibitory rate of cell growth was measured by MTT assay. Pretreated-SK-Hep-1 HCC cells were implanted subcutaneously into nude mice to observe the tumor growth and calculate tumor inhibitory rate. The results showed that 5 microM of the antisense ODN Elk-1 suppressed both Elk-1 and PKC alpha production by SK-Hep-1 HCC cells after cationic liposome-mediated transfection, to 8% and 1% of control values, respectively, and the growth of SK-Hep-1 HCC cells was inhibited at 2-5 microM doses of the antisense ODN Elk-1. The control reagent, sense ODN Elk-1, showed no effects. In BALB/nude mice, SK-Hep-1 HCC cells transfected with the 5 microM antisense ODN Elk-1 formed tumors much smaller than those of sense ODN Elk-1 pretreated cells. The maximum inhibitory rate of tumor growth was 80.8+/-12.6% and the tumor formation time was prolonged from 13 to 25 days. These findings suggested the usefulness of antisense ODN Elk-1 as a new reagent for liver cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien-Kuo N. Road, Taichung 40203, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsung-Ho
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.forename: Yi-Hsien
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Yih-Shou
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Jer-Yuh
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D050807:ets-Domain Protein Elk-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C494113:Elk1 protein, mouse; D007527:Isoenzymes; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D050807:ets-Domain Protein Elk-1; D011493:Protein Kinase C