title: Clinicopathologic characteristics of clinically relevant cytomegalovirus infection in inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study we aimed to identify clinically relevant patterns of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in inflammatory bowel disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two patients with severe ulcerative colitis (UC), 12 with moderate UC, and 16 with Crohn's disease were studied retrospectively. We confirmed CMV infection immunohistochemically. The patients were classified into three groups according to the density of CMV-infected cells. Clinicopathologic features were compared between the groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dense CMV infection was found only in five patients with severe UC. Scattered CMV infection was found in nine patients with severe UC, three with moderate UC, and one patient with Crohn's disease, and in three controls (normal mucosa from early colorectal cancer specimens). For patients with severe UC, severity of CMV infection tended to correlate with older age and more rapid deterioration, including toxic megacolon and panperitonitis. The dense CMV group took significantly higher final daily doses of steroids before the operation, and showed steroid resistance. The frequency of emergency surgery was higher and postoperative hospital stay was significantly longer in the dense CMV group. No significant differences were observed in sex, disease duration, steroid administration (total amount or duration), or frequencies of other therapies among the three groups. Immunohistochemically, CMV positivity in endothelial cells around the ulcer base was a significant feature in dense CMV infection, compared with scattered CMV infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Older patients with severe steroid-resistant UC may be at particular risk for CMV infection. Dense CMV infection, especially when it occurs predominantly in endothelial cells, may be a useful marker for clinically relevant CMV infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Akifumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Takeyasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ajioka
authors.forename: Katsuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hatakeyama
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008532:Megacolon, Toxic / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids