title: Plasma and salivary amoxicillin concentrations and effect against oral microorganisms.
abstract: Plasma and salivary amoxicillin (AMO) concentrations were quantified following a single oral dose (875 mg) of two formulations of AMO (Amoxicillin-EMS Sigma Pharma and Amoxil BD 875 mg). In addition, the effect of amoxicillin against oral microorganisms was accessed. The open, randomized, two-period crossover study was carried out in 20 volunteers. Saliva and blood samples were collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 h after drug administration, and quantified using HPLC-ESI-MS and HPLC, respectively. Streptococci counts, anaerobe counts and total microorganism counts were obtained. No differences were observed between formulations (p > 0.05) in the plasma and salivary AMO concentrations and the pharmacokinetic parameters (C(max), t(max), AUC(0-8), and AUC(0-infinity)) also showed no statistically significant differences between formulations (p > 0.05). Microorganism counts for the two formulations at all sampling times did not differ (p > 0.05) but all microorganism counts at 60 min post-dose showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05). Amoxicillin was effective in reducing oral microorganism levels up to 12 h post-dose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baglie
authors.forename: A P Bortolo
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Del Ruenis
authors.forename: R H Lopes
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Motta
authors.forename: R C Catelli
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Baglie
authors.forename: G C Nobre
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Rosalen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Groppo
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006801:Humans; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000658:Amoxicillin