Pharmacological interventions in the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
(1) Diabetes is a chronic disease whose incidence is increasing worldwide. The long-term complications of diabetes place a large health and economic burden onto individuals, their families and communities as a whole.(2) Guidelines on the prevention of diabetes recommend lifestyle changes such as smoking cessation and weight loss to decrease type 2 diabetes incidence in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose.(3) The role of lifestyle changes and weight loss in preventing diabetes has been proven in large, randomized, controlled clinical trials. To date, the evidence in favor of pharmacological methods is less robust; however, encouraging results obtained so far suggest a promising future role for these agents.(4) Several oral hypoglycemic agents and the antiobesity drug orlistat have been shown to significantly decrease progression to diabetes. The role of other agents such as statins, oestrogen and antihypertensive agents remains to be clarified in additional well-designed studies of diabetes prevention.
Henness
Sheridan
S
Wolters Kluwer Health Adis, Auckland, New Zealand, an editorial office of Wolters Kluwer Health, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA.
D000284:Administration, Oral; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007783:Lactones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008019:Life Style; D000077403:Orlistat
D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004967:Estrogens; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007783:Lactones; D000077403:Orlistat