A review of findings in fetal cardiac section drawings, part 1: The 4-chamber view.
OBJECTIVE
The goal of this presentation is to review some of the common and rare fetal heart abnormalities and to provide an easy approach to these findings with schematic drawings.


METHODS
Over the past 10 years, we collected cases in which the common views of the heart were abnormal and the differential diagnoses that existed for each. The presentation shows the normal sonographic sections and then variations of these sections and the associated anomalies. We used illustrative drawings to present these findings, enabling us to point out the main sonographic features of abnormalities of the heart.


RESULTS
The work reviews 17 fetal heart abnormalities in schematic drawings.


CONCLUSIONS
This short review highlights several of the anomalies that can be recognized on the common sonographic views. The drawings tend to simplify the findings but serve as a basis for those doing fetal echocardiography when they encounter an unusual finding.
Jeanty
Philippe
P
Inner Vision Women's Ultrasound, 2201 Murphy Ave, Suite 203, Nashville, TN 37203, USA. pjeanty@gmail.com
Chaoui
Rabih
R
Tihonenko
Irina
I
Grochal
Frantisek
F
D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D014463:Ultrasonography