title: [Macular hole surgery today--a survey].
abstract: Macular holes are staged according to the size of the hole and the presence or absence of a posterior vitreous detachment. Since the first report on successful macular hole surgery in 1991, surgical techniques have been refined and have helped to increase anatomic and functional success rates. Macular hole surgery today consists of vitrectomy, ILM peeling (especially in larger macular holes) with or without using vital dyes such as indocyanine green, trypan blue or as very recently suggested, brilliant blue, followed by endo-tamponade and prone position for a few days. Especially ICG staining has become a subject of controversial discussion as functional success might be diminished due to the phototoxic properties of the dye. Imaging techniques such as OCT may not only serve as prognostic factors for visual recovery, but may also help to explain unsatisfactory visual recovery despite anatomic hole closure. According to the current literature, macular hole surgery can be recommended independently from the preoperative visual acuity and duration of symptoms, as a significant visual improvement can be achieved in almost all cases.
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Mathildenstrasse 8, Munich. christos.haritoglou@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haritoglou
mesh_terms: D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D011379:Prognosis; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D007208:Indocyanine Green