Pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium xenopi: the first case in Korea.
Mycobacterium xenopi is a nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) that rarely causes pulmonary disease in Asia. Here we describe the first case of M. xenopi pulmonary disease in Korea. A 66-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a 2-month history of productive cough and hemoptysis. His past medical history included pulmonary tuberculosis 44 years earlier, leading to a right upper lobectomy. Chest X-ray upon admission revealed cavitary consolidation involving the entire right lung. Numerous acid-fast bacilli were seen in his initial sputum, and M. xenopi was subsequently identified in more than five sputum cultures, using molecular methods. Despite treatment with clarithromycin, rifampicin, ethambutol, and streptomycin, the infiltrative shadow revealed on chest X-ray increased in size. The patient's condition worsened, and a right completion pneumonectomy was performed. The patient consequently died of respiratory failure on postoperative day 47, secondary to the development of a late bronchopleural fistula. This case serves as a reminder to clinicians that the incidence of NTM infection is increasing in Korea and that unusual NTM are capable of causing disease in non-immunocompromised patients.
Park
Hye Yun
HY
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea.
Koh
Won-Jung
WJ
Kwon
O Jung
OJ
Lee
Nam Yong
NY
Shim
Young Mog
YM
Park
Young Kil
YK
Bai
Gill Han
GH
Mun
Ho-Suk
HS
Kim
Bum-Joon
BJ
D000368:Aged; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology; D019912:Mycobacterium xenopi / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011859:Radiography; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins