title: Resistance to Imatinib Mesylate-induced apoptosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with PTEN down-regulation due to promoter hypermethylation.
abstract: The aim of our study was to determine the potential mechanism(s) implicated in Imatinib resistance in patients with Ph+ ALL. Resistance of Ph+ ALL cells to Imatinib-induced apoptosis was associated with lack of inhibition of Akt phosphorylation. Addition of the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 to Imatinib significantly increased apoptosis of Ph+ ALL cells. Interestingly, expression of PTEN was reduced in Ph+ ALL cells which was due to PTEN promoter hypermethylation. Treatment of Ph+ ALL cells with 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine was associated with an increased expression of PTEN and an increase in cell apoptosis. These results suggest that Imatinib resistance in patients with ALL may be dependent at least in part to PTEN down-regulation due to the abnormal promoter hypermethylation and support the potential role of de-methylating agents for the treatment of patients with Ph+ ALL.
authors.affiliation: Foundation for Applied Medical Research, Division of Cancer, Area of Cell Therapy and Hematology Service, Clínica Universitaria, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Montiel-Duarte
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cordeu
authors.forename: Xabier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Agirre
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Román-Gómez
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Velasco
authors.forename: Edurne San
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: José-Eneriz
authors.forename: Leire
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gárate
authors.forename: Enrique J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Andreu
authors.forename: Maria José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Calasanz
authors.forename: Anabel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heiniger
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Prósper
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001549:Benzamides; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015536:Down-Regulation; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000502:physiology; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D010879:Piperazines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human