title: Intracellular magnesium and adipokines in umbilical cord plasma and infant birth size.
abstract: Many epidemiologic studies have disclosed that restricted fetal growth has been associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance in adulthood. We studied the relationship of intracellular magnesium [Mg2+]i in cord blood platelets to adipocytokine and birth size. The subjects were 20 infants with small for gestational age (SGA) and 45 infants with appropriate for gestational age (AGA). By using a fluorescent probe, we examined [Mg2+]i of platelets in the cord blood. Cord plasma insulin, IGF-I, ghrelin, adiponectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and leptin levels were determined with the use of ELISA. Mean [Mg2+]i was lower in the SGA than in the AGA groups (p < 0.001). Adiponectin and IGF-I were also lower in the SGA than in the AGA, whereas PAI-1 was higher in the SGA. [Mg2+]i was significantly correlated with birth weight, birth length, and adiponectin. Birth weight was also correlated with cord plasma IGF-I, adiponectin, and leptin. Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) was lower in the SGA group than in the AGA group. [Mg]i and adiponectin were correlated with QUICKI in all subjects. [Mg]i, as well as leptin and IGF-I, reflect the extent of fetal growth. Decreased [Mg2+]i may be involved in the underlying processes to insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Osaka 570-8506, Japan.
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takaya
authors.forename: Fumiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yamato
authors.forename: Hirohiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Higashino
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaneko
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D001724:Birth Weight; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000737:chemistry*; D001827:Body Height; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology; D005865:Gestational Age; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis; D007424:Intracellular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D054439:Ghrelin; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C051321:SERPINE1 protein, human; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D008274:Magnesium