title: Evidence of dual sexual transmission of multi-resistant HIV with two years persistence of resistance to NRTI and NNRTI: a case report.
abstract: A case report of dual sexual transmission, with secondary transmission from naïve to naïve patient, of HIV harbouring K103N and L100I mutations, conferring full non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance, plus 2 nucleoside analogous reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutations is described. The secondary transmission of the resistant virus was confirmed by phylogenetic analysis. Data also suggest that mutations related to NRTI and NNRTI resistance may persist for a long time in naive patients, over 2 years in the present case report.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy. zaccarelli@inmi.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaccarelli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marconi
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Visco-Comandini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liuzzi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sette
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Acinapura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mosti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ammassari
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Perno
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antinori
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000235:genetics*; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase