title: The efficacy of ivermectin and levamisole against natural Nematodirus spathiger infection in the Arabian sand gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa marica) and the Arabian mountain gazelle (Gazella gazella) in Saudi Arabia.
abstract: The efficacy of two broad spectrum anthelmintics (Ivermectin and Levamisole) against the nematode Nematodirus spathiger in the reem (Arabian sand gazelle) and idmi (Arabian mountain gazelle) at King Khalid Wildlife Research Centre (KKWRC) was determined. Gazelles of both species naturally infected with N. spathiger were each divided into 3 groups. One group was treated with Ivermectin, the other group with Levamisole and the last group was left as untreated control. Faecal egg counts were employed to determine the efficacy of the two drugs against N. spathiger infection in both gazelle species. Reduction in arithmetic mean faecal egg counts achieved by Ivermectin and Levamisole in the reem gazelles was 94% and 89.3%, respectively. The reduction in the idmi gazelles was 97.2% and 96.4%, respectively. Hence, both anthelmintics appeared to be more effective in the idmi gazelles than in the reem gazelles, however, there was no significant difference in the faecal egg reduction tests in both animal species.
authors.affiliation: King Khalid Wildlife Research Centre, National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development, P.O. Box 61681, Riyadh 1175, Saudi Arabia. Osama.mohammed@zsl.org
authors.forename: Osama B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.forename: Sawsan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Omer
authors.forename: Mohammed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sandouka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000866:Antelopes / Q000469:parasitology*; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007978:Levamisole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009348:Nematoda / Q000187:drug effects*; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D012529:Saudi Arabia
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D007978:Levamisole; D007559:Ivermectin