title: Developmental regulation of BhSGAMP-1, a gene encoding an antimicrobial peptide in the salivary glands of Bradysia hygida (Diptera, Sciaridae).
abstract: It has recently become clear that the innate immune systems of insects and mammals are highly conserved; in general, these systems are stimulated upon infection by microorganisms. We found in the fly Bradysia hygida, a reiterated gene, which codes for a secretory peptide similar to plant-seed antimicrobial peptides. This gene BhSGAMP-1 is activated and expressed exclusively in the salivary glands of the larvae, while they are preparing to molt. In functional tests, synthetic BhSGAMP-1 peptide had broad spectrum antibiotic activity. Secretion of BhSGAMP-1 in the saliva could help prevent microbial infection during molting, by killing harmful microorganisms in the immediate vicinity of the animal. This is the first description of developmentally regulated defense peptide secretion in animals.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Candido-Silva
authors.forename: Gabriela M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Zanarotti
authors.forename: Ana P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Gallina
authors.forename: Jorge C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: de Almeida
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001483:Base Sequence; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D004175:Diptera / Q000235:genetics*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017344:Genes, Insect; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007814:Larva / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D018076:DNA, Complementary