title: Mutasynthesis-derived myxalamids and origin of the isobutyryl-CoA starter unit of myxalamid B.
abstract: Myxalamids are potent inhibitors of the eukaryotic electron transport chain produced by different myxobacteria. Here, we describe the identification of the myxalamid biosynthesis gene cluster from Myxococcus xanthus. Additionally, new myxalamids (5-13) have been obtained by mutasynthesis from bkd mutants of M. xanthus and Stigmatella aurantiaca. Moreover, as these bkd mutants are still able to produce myxalamid B (2), the origin of the isobutyryl-CoA (IB-CoA) starter unit required for its biosynthesis has been determined. In a M. xanthus bkd mutant, IB-CoA originates from valine, but in S. aurantiaca this starter unit is derived from alpha-oxidation of iso-odd fatty acids, thereby connecting primary and secondary metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmazeutische Biotechnologie, Universität des Saarlandes, Postfach 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany. h.bode@mx.uni-saarland.de
authors.forename: Helge B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Bode
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meiser
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Klefisch
authors.forename: Niña Socorro d j
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Cortina
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Krug
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Göhring
authors.forename: Gertrud
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schwär
authors.forename: Taifo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mahmud
authors.forename: Yasser A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Elnakady
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D015394:Molecular Structure; D005810:Multigene Family; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D016941:Myxococcus xanthus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D011090:Polyenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D011090:Polyenes; C050106:isobutyryl-coenzyme A; C039623:myxalamid B