title: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation at the PC-5 and PC-6 acupoints reduced the severity of hypotension after spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing Caesarean section.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite prophylactic measures, hypotension remains a common side-effect of spinal anaesthesia for parturients. Electroacupuncture at the Neiguan (PC-6) and Jianshi (PC-5) points influences haemodynamics. We thus hypothesized that transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) at traditionally used acupuncture points would reduce the severity of hypotension after spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing Caesarean section.
  
  
  METHODS
  After obtaining approval from the local ethics committee and written informed patient consent, 36 singleton parturients undergoing Caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia were randomized into three groups. The control group received no treatment, and the acupoint and non-acupoint groups received TENS at the PC-5 and PC-6 points of both arms and non-acupoints of both shoulders, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median (range) of the lowest recorded systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in the acupoint group compared with the other groups and that of the non-acupoint group was higher than that of the control group [control, 70 (68-82) mm Hg; acupoint, 94 (84-109) mm Hg; non-acupoint, 81 (70-92) mm Hg: P<0.001]. Significantly more parturients in the control and non-acupoint groups experienced hypotension [control, 10 (83%); acupoint, 4 (33%); non-acupoint, 10 (83%): P=0.013]. More ephedrine was required to maintain arterial blood pressure in the control and non-acupoint groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TENS on the traditional acupuncture points reduced the severity and incidence of hypotension after spinal anaesthesia in parturients.
authors.affiliation: Multidisciplinary Pain Centre, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 21 Karimata, Nagakutecho, Aichigun, Aichi 480-1195, Japan. arainon@aichi-med-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Y C P
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kandatsu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komatsu
mesh_terms: D015669:Acupuncture Points; D000328:Adult; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002585:Cesarean Section; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation / Q000379:methods*