title: DACS, novel matrix structure composed of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan in the brain.
abstract: Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are major components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the brain. In the adult cerebral cortex, there are special CSPG-containing structures known as perineuronal nets (PNNs), which are highly condensed ECM structures. Here, we report a novel CSPG-containing structure distinct from PNNs in the adult mouse cerebral cortex. An anti-chondroitin sulfate antibody CS56 delineated a structure with a unique morphology like a dandelion clock. Accordingly, we named it DAndelion Clock-like Structure (DACS). Immunohistochemical evidence showed that DACSs surrounded a group of NeuN-positive/GABA-negative neurons. At ultrastructural level, CS56-immunoreactivities were localized in the cytoplasm and on the membrane of astrocytes. As the postnatal cerebral cortex matured, DACSs became visible around the end of the critical period. This is the first report demonstrating the presence of an ECM structure DACS composed of CSPGs around a group of cortical neurons in the adult cerebral cortex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Kouko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tatsumi
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Shigeaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishizaka
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Manabe
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wanaka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C492380:NeuN protein, mouse; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid