title: Arp2/3-independent assembly of actin by Vibrio type III effector VopL.
abstract: Microbial pathogens use a variety of mechanisms to disrupt the actin cytoskeleton during infection. Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. para) is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes gastroenteritis, and new pandemic strains are emerging throughout the world. Analysis of the V. para genome revealed a type III secretion system effector, VopL, encoding three Wiskott-Aldrich homology 2 domains that are interspersed with three proline-rich motifs. Infection of HeLa cells with V. para induces the formation of long actin fibers in a VopL-dependent manner. Transfection of VopL promotes the assembly of actin stress fibers. In vitro, recombinant VopL potently induces assembly of actin filaments that grow at their barbed ends, independent of eukaryotic factors. Vibrio VopL is predicted to be a bacterial virulence factor that disrupts actin homeostasis during an enteric infection of the host.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Amy D B
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Liverman
authors.forename: Hui-Chun
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Trosky
authors.forename: Daisy W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Melanie L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Yarbrough
authors.forename: Dara L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Burdette
authors.forename: Michael K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Orth
mesh_terms: D051376:Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005799:Genes, Dominant; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D055232:Proline-Rich Protein Domains; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D022502:Stress Fibers / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D014735:Vibrio Infections; D014736:Vibrio parahaemolyticus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051376:Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex; D000199:Actins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D037521:Virulence Factors; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein