title: Superoxide radical-scavenging effects from polymorphonuclear leukocytes and toxicity in human cell lines of newly synthesized organic selenium compounds.
abstract: Synthetic organic selenium compounds such as 2-phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one may show glutathione peroxidase-like antioxidant activity. Recently, we synthesized new organic selenium compounds that are thought to be effective antioxidants. To study their possible applications as antioxidants, we evaluated two selenoureas, N,N-dimethylselenourea and 1-selenocarbamoylpyrrolidine, and two tertiary selenoamides, N-(phenylselenocarbonyl)-piperidine and N,N-diethyl-4-chloroselenobenzamide, for their superoxide radical (O2-)-scavenging effects and toxicity. We measured (O2-)-scavenging effects in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) with a specific, sensitive and real-time kinetic chemiluminescence method. Furthermore, the toxicity of these compounds was measured in some human cell lines and PMNs using the tetrazolium method. Hydrogen peroxide was measured by a scopoletin method. Finally, translocation of an NADPH oxidase component, p47 phagocyte oxidase, to the cell membrane was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. N,N-Dimethylselenourea and 1-selenocarbamoylpyrrolidine effectively scavenged (O2-) released from 4beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated PMNs, and the 50% inhibitory concentrations were 6.8 +/- 2.2 and 6.5 +/- 2.5 microm, respectively. N-(Phenylselenocarbonyl)-piperidine and N,N-diethyl-4-chloroselenobenzamide also effectively scavenged (O2-) from PMNs, and the 50% inhibitory concentrations were 11.3 +/- 4.8 and 20.3 +/- 6.4 microm, respectively. Selenoureas showed very low toxicity in human cell lines and PMNs, even at high concentrations, whereas tertiary selenoamides were cytotoxic. These compounds did not produce significant amounts of hydrogen peroxide from 4beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated PMNs. None of the compounds significantly affected the translocation of p47 phagocyte oxidase. Selenoureas acted as effective antioxidants and showed low toxicity in some human cells. Thus, these compounds might be new candidates as antioxidative substances.
authors.affiliation: Gunma Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsukagoshi
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koketsu
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurabayashi
authors.forename: Atsuyoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nishina
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007211:Indoles / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism*; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013481:Superoxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D007211:Indoles; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds; D013481:Superoxides; C007293:DAPI; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C060505:neutrophil cytosolic factor 1; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate