title: College and university compliance with a required meningococcal vaccination law.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Maryland became the first state to pass a vaccination law requiring college and university students living on campus to obtain a meningococcal vaccination or to sign a waiver refusing vaccination because college students are at increased risk for disease. The authors sought to identify how Maryland colleges addressed the law and determine whether schools were in full compliance.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors surveyed 32 college/university administrators via a self-administered questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors calculated vaccination and waiver rates and assessed compliance with the law overall and with specific law components.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 28 participating schools, annual vaccination rates and waiver rates among students during 2000-2004 ranged from 66%-76% and 12%-17%, respectively. Two (7%) schools were compliant with all components of the law.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mandatory vaccination laws do not ensure compliance at the college and university level. Mandatory reporting, increased education, and collaboration between colleges and universities and public health agencies are needed.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University's School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC 20037, USA. sphaxc@gwumc.edu
authors.forename: Amanda D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Castel
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: Marsha G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Davenport
authors.forename: Lee H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blythe
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D033161:Government Regulation; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006266:Health Education / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D006801:Humans; D008396:Maryland / Q000453:epidemiology; D008589:Meningococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022401:Meningococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000600:supply & distribution; D009345:Neisseria meningitidis / Q000276:immunology; D015397:Program Evaluation; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013333:Student Health Services / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D013334:Students / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014495:Universities / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*
chemical_list: D022401:Meningococcal Vaccines