title: Magnetic resonance imaging measurement of left ventricular blood flow and coronary flow reserve in patients with chronic heart failure due to coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary sinus flow reflects global cardiac perfusion and has been used for the assessment of myocardial flow reserve, which is reduced in chronic heart failure(CHF). Coronary flow reserve (CFR) can be measured by using phase-contrast (PC)velocity-encoded cine (VEC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To quantify and compare global left ventricular (LV) perfusion and CFR inpatients with CHF and in a healthy control group by measuring coronary sinus flow with PC VEC MRI, and to correlate this with global LV perfusion, segmental first-pass perfusion, and viability in the same patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiac MRI was performed in 20 patients with CHF of ischemic origin and in a control group of healthy subjects (n=11) at rest and after pharmacological stress induced by i.v. dipyridamole. The MRI protocol included cine MRI, VEC MRI, first-pass perfusion, and delayed contrast-enhanced MRI for viability.Global LV perfusion was quantified by measuring coronary sinus flow on VEC MRI at rest in all subjects. CFR was determined as the ratio of global LV perfusion before and after pharmacologic stress.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At rest, global LV perfusion was not significantly different in patients with CHF and the control group. After administration of dipyridamole, global LV perfusion and CFR were significantly lower in patients with CHF compared to the control group(P<0.001). An inverse correlation was observed between CFR and the number of infarcted and/or ischemic segments (P=0.083, P=0.037).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A combined cardiac MRI protocol including function and perfusion techniques together with VEC MRI can be used to evaluate global LV perfusion and CFR in patients with CHF. Global LV perfusion and CFR measurements may have potential in the monitoring of CHF. Impaired CFR may contribute to progressive decline in LV function in patients with CHF.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aras
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Anik
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demirci
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Balci
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kozdag
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ural
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Komsuoglu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications*; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055420:Perfusion Imaging; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left