title: Culture-based bacterial detection systems for platelets: the effect of time prior to sampling and duration of incubation required for detection with aerobic culture.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bacterial contamination of platelet (PLT) products occurs at low concentrations requiring a period of incubation for growth to minimize sampling error. Culture-based detection methods also need sufficient incubation time; together these periods may limit the useful life of PLTs. This study characterizes the impact of sampling and detection times with two commercially available bacteria detection products.
  
  
  METHODS
  Apheresis PLTs inoculated with nine bacterial species at low concentrations were sampled immediately and 24 hours after inoculation. Test results were analyzed after incubation at 16, 20, and 24 hours after sampling with two bacterial detection systems.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When sampled immediately after inoculation, two commercially available bacterial detection systems (BacT/ALERT, bioMérieux; and eBDS, Pall Corp.) failed to detect some PLTs inoculated with Staphylococcus epidermidis, Serratia liquefaciens, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa and S. epidermidis, S. liquefaciens, Bacillus cereus, or P. aeruginosa, respectively. The BacT/ALERT was better at 20 hours (p<0.02), but not at 16 or 24 hours for Time 0 sampling. When sampling occurred 24 hours after inoculation, there were no difference between the two systems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that for either bacteria detection system, holding PLTs for 24 hours before sampling improves the detection sensitivity for PLTs contaminated with low concentrations of bacteria, and longer incubation periods improve detection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ezuki
authors.forename: Kinuyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawabata
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanno
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohto
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000166:cytology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000592:standards*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic / Q000592:standards; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic