title: Effective method for quantifying respiratory effective method for quantifying respiratory subsequent marker of anxiety.
abstract: Ambulatory respiratory data was gathered using inductive lethysmography technology with synchronous ECG(LifeShirte , VivoMetrics, Ventura, CA) during a study to evaluate the effect of an anxiolytic on heart rate variability and respiratory pattern as indicators of anxiety state. Positive control (PCR; post-marketing, broadly prescribed anxiolytic)and placebo (PBO) data was included in the analysis. Tidal volume waveforms were the result of a weighted sum of the abdominal and rib cage IP bands according to the qualitative diagnostic calibration method. A breath detection algorithm was run to identify the beginning and end of inhalation in these waveforms. Several types of respiratory artifact are common with ambulatory, non-controlled recordings and a consistent and reliable means is necessary to identify and manage such artifacts. An automated approach was adopted to define a reliable breathing index for each breath that labels that breath as contaminated by artifact or not. The root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) were computed on the tidal inspiratory volumes and total breath times for each epoch, both for all breaths and for only those breaths that were labeled as reliable. The results indicate that when a priori automated artifact detection is included, there is a significant linear decrease in both the volume and time indices for the PCR, whilst no significant differences were noted in the PBO group. Analyzing the data without prior marking of reliable breaths showed no significant results for either group. This study demonstrates the validity of ambulatory respiratory measurements as a means to assess anxiety and establishes the need to first identify reliable breathing periods prior to the analysis of ambulatory respiratory data.
authors.affiliation: VivoMetrics Inc 121 N Fir St, Suite E Ventura, California 93001, USA. lmyers@vivometrics.com
authors.forename: Lance J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: P Alexander
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Derchak
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001007:Anxiety / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D012119:Respiration; D013990:Tidal Volume / Q000502:physiology*