title: Endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients without clinical macrovascular complications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction (ED) in diabetic patients without clinical macrovascular complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 27 type 1, 56 type 2 diabetic patients and 35 healthy controls the redox state (GSH, GSSG; enzymatic method), endothelin-1 (ET-1; ELISA) and von Willebrand factor (vWF; ELISA) plasma levels, urinary vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; ELISA) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Decreased GSH levels (p<0.05, type 1 and type 2), GSH/GSSG ratio (p<0.05 type 1, p<0.001 type 2) and elevated vWF levels (p<0.001, type 1 and type 2) were observed in diabetic patients in comparison with controls. A negative correlation between GSH and vWF (p<0.02 and p<0.001, in type 1 and type 2, respectively) and GSH and BMI (p<0.02 in type 1 and type 2) was observed. ET-1 was positively correlated to age (p<0.05) and diabetes duration (p<0.03) in type 1, while vWF was correlated to systolic blood pressure (p<0.05) in type 2 diabetic patients. Urinary VEGF was higher in type 2 (p<0.05) in comparison with type 1 diabetic patients and was correlated to glycemia (p<0.05) and systolic blood pressure (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data might indicate that markers of oxidative stress and ED are altered in diabetic patients without clinical macrovascular complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Mattia
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bravi
authors.forename: Oriana
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Laurenti
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moretti
authors.forename: Rosalba
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cipriani
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gatti
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mandosi
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000652:urine; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000652:urine; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012016:Reference Values; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000652:urine; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019332:Endothelin-1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D005978:Glutathione