Immunostimulant adjuvant patch enhances humoral and cellular immune responses to DNA immunization.
The focus of this report is on the development of an improved DNA immunization protocol, which takes advantage of the strengths of DNA immunization, as well as those associated with adjuvant delivered by transcutaneous immunostimulatory (IS) patches. Because transcutaneous delivery of adjuvants to the skin at the vaccination site has been shown to amplify the immune response to protein antigens, we hypothesized that the same IS patch when placed on the skin at the site of DNA injection could further enhance the immune response to a DNA influenza vaccine. We have combined an influenza DNA vaccine, hemagglutinin fused with three copies of complement C3d, to enhance uptake and antigen presentation, with an IS patch containing heat-labile enterotoxin from Escherichia coli. Coadministration of a potent adjuvant in IS patches placed on the skin at the site of DNA vaccination dramatically amplifies anti-influenza antibody immune response. Supplementing DNA vaccines with IS patches may be a particularly valuable strategy because DNA vaccines can be rapidly modified in response to mutations in pathogens, and individuals with compromised immune systems such as transplant patients and the elderly will benefit from the enhanced antibody response induced by the IS patches.
Mkrtichyan
Mikayel
M
Department of Immunology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, California, USA.
Ghochikyan
Anahit
A
Movsesyan
Nina
N
Karapetyan
Adrine
A
Begoyan
Gayane
G
Yu
Jianmei
J
Glenn
Gregory M
GM
Ross
Ted M
TM
Agadjanyan
Michael G
MG
Cribbs
David H
DH
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000502:physiology; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D019470:Biolistics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015933:Complement C3d / Q000276:immunology; D004247:DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000276:immunology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000502:physiology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D015933:Complement C3d; D004247:DNA