title: Enrichment of anammox bacteria from marine environment for the construction of a bioremediation reactor.
abstract: In the global ocean nitrogen cycle, the anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) process is recognized as important. In this study, we established an enrichment culture of marine anammox bacteria (MAB) in a column-type reactor. The reactor, which included a porous polyester non-woven fabric that had been placed at the sea floor in advance for enrichment, was continuously fed with NH(4)Cl and NaNO(2) for more than 1 year. Anammox activity in the MAB reactor was confirmed by (15)N tracer analysis using (15)NH(4)Cl and Na(14)NO(2). We identified two 16S rRNA genes in the amplified DNA fragments derived from MAB, which were highly homologous with those from Candidatus "Scalindua wagneri" and an uncultured planctomycete clone. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis using an anammox-specific probe also confirmed that MAB predominated in the reactor. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the establishment of an enrichment culture of anammox bacteria from the marine environment using a continuous culture system.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakka
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakka
mesh_terms: D000643:Ammonium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010802:Phylogeny; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D012977:Sodium Nitrite / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D000643:Ammonium Chloride; D012977:Sodium Nitrite