title: Statistical optimization of adsorption processes for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol by activated carbon derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches.
abstract: The adsorption capacity of activated carbon produced from oil palm empty fruit bunches through removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol from aqueous solution was carried out in the laboratory. The activated carbon was produced by thermal activation of activation time with 30 min at 800 degrees C. The adsorption process conditions were determined with the statistical optimization followed by central composite design. A developed polynomial model for operating conditions of adsorption process indicated that the optimum conditions for maximum adsorption of phenolic compound were: agitation rate of 100 r/min, contact time of 8 h, initial adsorbate concentration of 250 mg/L and pH 4. Adsorption isotherms were conducted to evaluate biosorption process. Langmuir isotherm was more favorable (R2 = 0.93) for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol by the activated carbon rather than Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.88).
authors.affiliation: Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. zahangir@iiu.edu.my
authors.forename: M Zahangir
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.forename: Suleyman A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Muyibi
authors.forename: Juria
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Toramae
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D005638:Fruit; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007220:Industrial Waste; D015233:Models, Statistical; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D014866:Waste Products; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002733:Chlorophenols; D007220:Industrial Waste; D010938:Plant Oils; D014866:Waste Products; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000073878:Palm Oil; D002244:Carbon; C004762:2,4-dichlorophenol