title: Aesthetic management of severely fluorosed incisors in an adolescent female.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dental fluorosis is a condition of enamel hypomineralization due to the effects of excessive fluoride on ameloblasts during enamel formation. Delayed degradation of enamel matrix proteins or inhibited protein removal results in impaired and incomplete crystal growth, producing hypomineralized and porous enamel. Severely fluorosed teeth may undergo post-eruptive surface breakdown and post-eruptive dark brown to black staining.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 13 year old girl presented with severely discoloured maxillary central incisors. Initial aesthetic management of these teeth was conservative, including in-office tooth whitening, microabrasion and take-home whitening.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dark brown to black staining of the teeth was reduced successfully without the need for gross mechanical preparation of the enamel. Further improvement of aesthetics was achieved with composite veneers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conservative treatment options such as tooth whitening and microabrasion can dramatically improve severely discoloured fluorosed teeth. This can provide a satisfactory interim outcome or minimize the removal of discoloured enamel and dentine prior to the provision of composite veneers. The use of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) may enhance remineralization and decrease postoperative sensitivity following tooth whitening and microabrasion procedures in hypomineralized teeth.
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Manton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002364:Caseins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019243:Enamel Microabrasion; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005260:Female; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D008437:Maxilla; D014073:Tooth Bleaching; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; C447032:casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplex