title: A novel histone deacetylase inhibitor reduces abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in angiotensin II-infused apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Aberrant expression of components of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzyme system is implicated in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation. We aimed to investigate the influence of a novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor (HDACi) metacept-1 (MCT-1), previously documented to reduce MMP expression, on HDAC activity and MMP expression in aortic smooth muscle cells and the in vivo incidence of AAAs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Western blot and gelatin zymography were used to determine HDAC activity and MMP-2 expression and activity in rat (rVSMCs) and human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs) in vitro. In vivo AAAs were generated using apolipoprotein E-deficient mice infused with angiotensin (Ang) II. Immunohistochemistry detected MMP-2 and -9 expression in AAA tissue samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vitro, MCT-1 inhibited HDAC activity in rVSMCs, and MMP-2 expression and proteolytic activity in hVSMCs. In vivo, Ang II treatment alone exhibited an AAA incidence of 84%. Doxycycline decreased the incidence of AAAs to 50%. Importantly, MCT-1 reduced AAA incidence to approximately 44%. MMP-2 and -9 immunoreactivity was reduced in MCT-1-treated aortic tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The novel HDACi MCT-1 inhibits MMP expression and AAA incidence suggesting this compound may warrant further investigation in the context of AAA biology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Antony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vinh
authors.forename: Tracey A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Gaspari
authors.forename: Hong Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lovisha F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Dousha
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Widdop
authors.forename: Anthony E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Dear
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II; D000818:Animals; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D013449:Sulfonamides; C527236:metacept-1; D000804:Angiotensin II; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C522363:Mmp2 protein, rat; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C501830:Mmp9 protein, mouse; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D004318:Doxycycline