Decision-making dysfunctions in psychiatry--altered homeostatic processing?
Decision-making consists of selecting an action from a set of available options. This results in an outcome that changes the state of the decision-maker. Therefore, decision-making is part of a homeostatic process. Individuals with psychiatric disorders show altered decision-making. They select options that are either non-optimal or nonhomeostatic. These dysfunctional patterns of decision-making in individuals with psychiatric disorders may fundamentally relate to problems with homeostatic regulation. These may manifest themselves in (i) how the length of time between decisions and their outcomes influences subsequent decision-making, (ii) how gain and loss feedback are integrated to determine the optimal decision, (iii) how individuals adapt their decision strategies to match the specific context, or (iv) how seemingly maladaptive responses result from an attempt to establish an unstable homeostatic balance.
Paulus
Martin P
MP
Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, 8950 Villa La Jolla Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0985, USA. mpaulus@ucsd.edu
D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003657:Decision Making; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology