title: Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance among new and previously treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Cotonou, Benin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the current anti-tuberculosis drug resistance situation in Cotonou, at the largest anti-tuberculosis centre of Benin.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 470 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients were analysed: 244 from new cases and 226 from previously treated cases. Drug susceptibility testing of isolates against first-line drugs was performed using the proportion method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Primary multidrug resistance (MDR) depends on the patients' origin: MDR in new cases is relatively high (1.6%) when all patients are considered, but low (0.5%) and comparable to 1994 national survey results when only patients residing in Benin are considered. MDR in previously treated patients (11.1%) remains comparable to the study performed in Benin in 1994. No relation was found between human immunodeficiency virus co-infection and anti-tuberculosis drug resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows the great importance of correct patient identification in epidemiological surveys, where results may vary according to the population(s) studied.
authors.affiliation: Programme National Contre la Tuberculose, Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Affolabi
authors.forename: O A B G
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Adjagba
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tanimomo-Kledjo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gninafon
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Anagonou
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Portaels
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001541:Benin; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents