title: 'Telangiectatic' transformation in soft tissue sarcomas. a clinicopathology analysis of an aggressive feature of high-grade sarcomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  'Telangiectatic' change, which contains a large fluid hemorrhagic component, occurs in a variety of high-grade soft tissue sarcomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective database review, we identified 20 consecutive patients (3%) with 'telangiectatic' change in soft tissue sarcomas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumors were located in the thigh (55%), shoulder (15%), calf (15%), upper arm (10%), and buttock in one patient. All 20 tumors were high grade. Histological diagnoses were MFH (40%), leiomyosarcoma (15%), synovial sarcoma (10%), and one each of seven other sarcomas (35%). Tumor size was often large-more than 10 cm (35%), between 5 and 10 cm (60%), and less than 5 cm in one case. A history of contusion to the tumor site followed by swelling was recorded in 30% of patients and 80% presented with a painful mass. On MRI imaging, 60% of tumors appeared to contain more than 50% blood, 50% had a hemosiderin-laden rim, and 55% had well-defined tumor nodules within the wall of the hematoma. Limb-sparing surgery was carried out in 90% of patients, the other 10% underwent primary amputation. The 5-year, event-free survival rate was 30%. Of the patients, 15% presented initially with metastatic disease; in 53%, it developed within 2 years of diagnosis. The overall local recurrence rate was 30%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Telangiectatic transformation in soft tissue sarcomas is a rare feature of aggressive high-grade soft tissue sarcomas and is unique in its clinical presentation, MRI characteristics, pathological pattern, and a tendency for a worse-off prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Washington Cancer Institute, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA. amirsternheim@gmail.com
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sternheim
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shmookler
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jelinek
authors.forename: Martin M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Malawer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology*; D012983:Soft Tissue Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate; D013684:Telangiectasis / Q000473:pathology*