title: Effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 on progesterone production in human luteinized granulosa cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between growth hormone (GH) and luteal function.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vivo comparative and in vitro culture studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen women who were interested in becoming pregnant and visited our clinic voluntarily participated in the study for urinary GH measurement. Ten women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) were enrolled in in vitro culture studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten women received IVF-ET.
  
  
  METHODS
  The GH concentrations in the urine collected for 24 hours, and serum progesterone and estradiol concentrations were measured during the midluteal phase. Effects of GH and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on progesterone and estradiol production were examined in the presence or absence of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in human luteinized granulosa cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urinary GH concentrations were statistically significantly correlated with serum progesterone and estradiol concentrations. Progesterone production by luteinized granulosa cells was increased by IGF-1 (1, 10, 100 ng/mL) but not by GH (100 ng/mL) in a dose-dependent manner. Progesterone production stimulated by IGF-1 (100 ng/mL) was further increased in the presence of hCG (1 IU/mL). Estradiol production was increased by IGF-1 and GH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Growth hormone may influence luteal function directly or indirectly via IGF-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taketani
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamagata
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takasaki
authors.forename: Aki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006062:Gonadotropins; D011374:Progesterone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone