title: Arterial vs pancreatic phase: which is the best choice in the evaluation of pancreatic endocrine tumours with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT)?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess whether the pancreatic phase may replace the arterial phase in the evaluation of endocrine pancreatic tumours.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine endocrine pancreatic lesions with definitive morphological and immunohistochemical characterisation after surgical treatment (n=24) or fine-needle-aspiration cytology under endoscopic ultrasonography guidance (n=5) were retrospectively evaluated. All lesions were studied with triple-phase 16-row multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Images obtained during each phase were separately interpreted by two senior radiologists experienced in pancreatic pathology and who were blinded to surgical results. Endocrine tumour and normal pancreas attenuation and the mean absolute tumour-to-gland attenuation difference were measured in each phase, and data were analysed with Student's t test. Visualisation of arterial vascular abnormalities and hypervascular liver metastases in the arterial and pancreatic phases and the diagnostic contribution of the two phases were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For both radiologists, the mean absolute tumour-to-gland attenuation difference was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the pancreatic phase (40+/-53 HU and 34+/-56 HU) than in the arterial phase (31+/-38 HU and 26+/-43 HU). There were no differences in the detection of arterial vascular abnormalities or hypervascular liver metastases in the two phases. The diagnostic contribution was higher in the pancreatic phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our experience, the pancreatic phase can replace the arterial phase in the evaluation of pancreatic endocrine tumours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, I-20132, Milan, Italy. gusmini.simone@hsr.it
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gusmini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nicoletti
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martinenghi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caborni
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Balzano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zerbi
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Rocchetti
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Arcidiacono
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Albarello
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Cobelli
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Di Carlo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Maschio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D019160:Endosonography; D005260:Female; D050416:Glucagon-Secreting Cells / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed / Q000379:methods*