title: Multimodal evaluation of renal perfusional changes due to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) on renal perfusion before and after treatment, by assessing renal resistive index (RI) using colour Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS), magnetic resonance perfusion imaging (MRPI), radionuclide renography and big-endothelin-1 values (Big-ET-1).
  
  
  METHODS
  In 69 normotensive patients the RI was measured before, 1, 3, 6 and 24 h after ESWL using CDUS. The RI values, measured in interlobar/arcuate arteries, were correlated with the findings on MRPI, done before and within 24 h after ESWL. In addition, renal plasma flow (RPF, assessed on radionuclide renography) and Big-ET-1 levels (a potent vasoconstrictor peptide), served as a control for evaluating renal perfusion. The patients were stratified in three age groups, i.e. <or=39, 40-59 and >or=60 years, with 23 patients in each group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (sd) RI increased significantly in the treated kidneys, from 0.64 (0.05) before to 0.72 (0.08) after ESWL (P = 0.001). Only in patients aged >or=60 years did the RI continue to increase over the 24 h. MRPI showed a decrease of renal blood flow (RBF) in all age groups, but most significantly in those aged >or=60 years. The radionuclide renography and big-ET-1 levels changed significantly only in the oldest group. The best correlation was between RI and RBF changes detected by MRPI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ESWL obviously causes disturbances of renal perfusion, particularly in elderly patients (>or=60 years). Measurement of RI with Doppler techniques might provide useful information for the clinical diagnosis of renal damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria. michael.mitterberger@uibk.ac.at
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mitterberger
authors.forename: Germar M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Pinggera
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Neururer
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peschel
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aigner
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gradl
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bartsch
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kendler
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Karakolcu
authors.forename: Ferdinand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Frauscher
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pallwein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000628:therapy*; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011866:Radioisotope Renography; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1