title: Joint effect of alcohol and usual sleep duration on the risk of dysglycemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sleep duration and alcohol use influence metabolic function. However, limited information exists regarding a combined effect of alcohol and sleep duration on glucose metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess the potential interaction effect of alcohol and inappropriate sleep duration on dysglycemia epidemiologically.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional and observational retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A medical health checkup program in a general hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  2933 apparently healthy Japanese individuals, aged 46 to 60 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  N/A.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We examined the relationships between usual sleep duration and dysglycemia, and furthermore assessed the combined effects of alcohol consumption and sleep time on glucose dysmetabolism. A U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and the prevalence of hyperglycemia (fasting plasma glucose level > or =110 mg/dL) was observed when sleep duration was treated as a continuous variables and centered at 7.0 h (quadratic term P = 0.024). In a multivariate quadratic regression model, there was a significant interaction effect between sleep duration and alcohol consumption category (nondrinkers, light-moderate drinkers [ethanol comsumption < or =210 g/wk], and heavy drinkers [ethanol consumption of >210 g/wk]) on fasting plasma glucose levels, with shorter or longer sleep duration being more diabetogenic in individuals who consumed more alcohol (P interaction = 0.018). Furthermore, we found a similar interaction effect of sleep duration and alcohol consumption on the incidence of hyperglycemia during the past 5 years (P interaction = 0.039).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alcohol interacts with reduced sleep duration to increase the risk of dysglycemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Mayuko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kadono
authors.forename: Goji
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shigeta
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Michiaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015984:Causality; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D044882:Glucose Metabolism Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose