title: Effect of long-term type 1 diabetes on renal sodium and water transporters in rats.
abstract: The effects of long-term diabetes in the presence of established nephropathy on tubular function remains poorly understood. We evaluated the levels of the main sodium and water transport proteins expressed in the kidney after long-term (8 weeks) of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) in untreated (D) and insulin (4 U/s.c./day)-treated (D+I) rats. D animals presented upregulation ( approximately 4.5-fold) of Na/glucose cotransporter (SGLT1), whereas the alpha-subunit of the epithelial sodium channel (alpha-ENaC) and aquaporin 1 (AQP1) were downregulated ( approximately 20 and 30% respectively) with no change in the Na/H exchanger (NHE3), Na/Cl cotransporter (TSC) and AQP2. Insulin replacement partially prevented these alterations and caused increases in the expression of alpha-ENaC and AQP2. These effects suggest an action of insulin in the tubular transport properties. The upregulation of SGLT1 may constitute a mechanism to prevent greater glucose losses in the urine but it may result in glucotoxicity to the proximal epithelial cells contributing to the diabetic nephropathy. The decrease of alpha-ENaC in D animals may compensate for the increased sodium reabsorption via SGLT1 resulting in discrete natriuresis. DM-induced polyuria was not due to changes in AQP2 expression.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniela B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Vidotti
authors.forename: Carine P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Arnoni
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maquigussa
authors.forename: Mirian A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Boim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051398:Aquaporin 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051399:Aquaporin 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000378:metabolism*; D053503:Epithelial Sodium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D007679:Kidney Medulla / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009318:Natriuresis / Q000502:physiology; D011141:Polyuria / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D049992:Sodium Chloride Symporters / Q000378:metabolism; D051269:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000074083:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 3; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C496022:Aqp1 protein, rat; C496025:Aqp2 protein, rat; D051399:Aquaporin 2; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D053503:Epithelial Sodium Channels; C495676:Slc5a1 protein, rat; C000613387:Slc9a3 protein, rat; D049992:Sodium Chloride Symporters; D051269:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1; D000074083:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 3; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; D014867:Water; D051398:Aquaporin 1; D012964:Sodium