title: Early diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis: assessment by latex particle agglutination test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acute pharyngitis is one of the most common diseases in pediatric practice, and the most common bacterial etiology is group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS). Correct diagnosis and treatment are primarily of importance to the prevention of non-suppurative sequelae. Rapid tests for detecting the antigen of group A streptococcus are a useful tool for the diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis, due to the speed of results, accuracy and low cost; however, in our country they are little used and have been little studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a GABHS rapid antigen detection test kit, in comparison with oropharynx swab culture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children aged 1 to 18 years with clinical diagnoses of acute pharyngitis were chosen at public emergency and private clinical services in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, with children being excluded if they had taken antibiotics within 30 days of their consultation. The final sample consisted of 229 patients, each of whom had two oropharynx swabs taken, one for rapid GABHS testing and the other to be sent for culture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed sensitivity of 90.7%, specificity of 89.1%, a positive predictive value of 72.1%, a negative predictive value of 96.9% and a positive likelihood ratio of 9.0 for the rapid test used here, compared with culture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rapid test studied exhibited a good correlation with culture and is, therefore, of great use in clinical practice for detection of GABHS.
authors.affiliation: Disciplina de Pneumologia, Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Jussara F
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fontes
authors.forename: Flávia B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Bottrel
authors.forename: Maria Teresa M
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Laura B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Lasmar
authors.forename: Rosângela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Diamante
authors.forename: Paulo Augusto M
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Camargos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007841:Latex Fixation Tests / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes; D014069:Tonsillitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic