title: B lymphocyte-directed immunotherapy promotes long-term islet allograft survival in nonhuman primates.
abstract: We found that an induction immunotherapy regimen consisting of rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (Thymoglobulin) and the monoclonal antibody to CD20 rituximab (Rituxan) promoted long-term islet allograft survival in cynomolgus macaques maintained on rapamycin monotherapy. B lymphocyte reconstitution after rituximab-mediated depletion was characterized by a preponderance of immature and transitional cells, whose persistence was associated with long-term islet allograft survival. Development of donor-specific alloantibodies was abrogated only in the setting of continued rapamycin monotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Chengyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hooman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Noorchashm
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sutter
authors.forename: Mina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naji
authors.forename: Eline Luning
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Prak
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boyer
authors.forename: Taryn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rickels
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Tomaszewski
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Koeberlein
authors.forename: Zhonglin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Michelle E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Paessler
authors.forename: Ergun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Velidedeoglu
authors.forename: Susan Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Rostami
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Clyde F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000276:immunology*; D016233:Immunotherapy, Active / Q000379:methods; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008212:Lymphocyte Depletion; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D000069283:Rituximab; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D000069283:Rituximab; C512542:thymoglobulin