title: Smoking in movies and increased smoking among young adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed whether smoking in the movies was associated with smoking in young adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  A national web-enabled cross-sectional survey of 1528 young adults, aged 18-25, was performed between September and November 2005. Logistic regression and path analysis using probit regression were used to assess relationships between exposure to smoking in the movies and smoking behavior. Analysis was completed in December 2006.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exposure to smoking in the movies predicted current smoking. The adjusted odds of current smoking increased by a factor of 1.21 for each quartile increase in exposure to smoking (p<0.01) in the movies, reaching 1.77 for the top exposure quartile. The unadjusted odds of established smoking (100+ cigarettes with current smoking) increased by 1.23 per quartile (p<0.001) of exposure, reaching 1.86 for the top quartile. This effect on established smoking was mediated by two factors related to smoking in the movies: positive expectations about smoking and exposure to friends and relatives who smoked, with positive expectations accounting for about two thirds of the effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association between smoking in the movies and young adult smoking behavior exhibited a dose-response relationship; the more a young adult was exposed to smoking in the movies, the more likely he or she would have smoked in the past 30 days or have become an established smoker.
authors.affiliation: Center for Tobacco Research Control and Education, University of California-San Francisco, 530 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
authors.forename: Anna V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Pamela M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Torsten B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Neilands
authors.forename: Stanton A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Glantz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009040:Motion Pictures; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D012925:Social Conformity; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution