title: Microbial flora alterations in jejunum and colon after chemical bowel preparation before Kasai hepatoportojejunostomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is little reported evidence on the effect of preoperative chemical bowel preparation by the administration of oral antibiotics in patients with biliary atresia (BA). This study was designed to examine and compare the alterations of microbial flora in feces cultures before and after the administration of oral antibiotics, and to examine fluid cultures from the tip of the jejunal limb at bile duct reconstruction by Kasai hepatoportoenterostomy (HPJ), and to evaluate the effects of preoperative oral antibiotics on postoperative cholangitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2003 and July 2005, 6 infants with BA underwent surgical correction, and were treated preoperatively with polymyxin B (80 000 U/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 2 days) and metronidazole (10 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses for 2 days). Quantitative feces cultures, both before administration of oral antibiotics and at Kasai HPJ, were obtained in patients with BA. Furthermore, fluid cultures from the tip of the jejunal limb at bile duct reconstruction by Kasai HPJ were obtained to examine alterations of bacteria and fungi.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bacterial colonization of the tip of the jejunal limb did not occur at the Kasai HPJ. The most commonly encountered organisms were ENTEROCOCCUS and intestinal bacterial flora. Fungus was not detected in the feces before or after the administration of oral antibiotics. CANDIDA was detected in the tip of the jejunal limb after Kasai HPJ in only one patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors propose that colonic-type flora are generally found in the feces before and after the administration of oral antibiotics, and no bacteria are detected in the bilioenteric conduits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. okadata@med.hokudai.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Todo
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001656:Biliary Atresia / Q000601:surgery*; D002761:Cholangitis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003106:Colon / Q000382:microbiology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D016983:Enterococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007582:Jejunostomy / Q000379:methods*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011112:Polymyxin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011171:Portoenterostomy, Hepatic / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D008795:Metronidazole; D011112:Polymyxin B