title: Molecular epidemiology of community-associated antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Seoul, Korea (2003): pervasiveness of multidrug-resistant SCCmec type II methicillin-resistant S. aureus.
abstract: There is an extremely high incidence of antimicrobial resistance of the clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in Korea. This study carried out a molecular investigation to determine the prevalence of the community-associated antimicrobial-resistant S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The percentage resistance from the nasal swabs of healthy volunteers in 2003 in Seoul is as follows: penicillin (91%), erythromycin (EM, 14%), gentamicin (GM, 9.3%), tetracycline (TE, 8.2%), cephalothin (4%), oxacillin (OX, MRSA; 3.8%), clindamycin (CC, 2.6%), ciprofloxacin (CIP, 0.8%), and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (0.6%). The community-associated MRSA (C-MRSA) strains were examined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis of the SmaI macro-fragments, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing using the PCR analysis. The Korean C-MRSA isolates were clustered into three distinct groups. One PFGE group containing the C-MRSA strains showed resistance to CC, EM, and GM, a high level (32-96 microg/ml) of resistance to methicillin, sequence type 5 (ST5), and SCCmec type II, which is the most common hospital associated-MRSA (H-MRSA) isolated in Korea. These results highlight the heterogeneous genetic background of the C-MRSA as well as the pervasiveness of the H-MRSA isolates in this community.
authors.affiliation: Korea Food and Drug Administration, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Yoon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Jung-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Bo-Kyung
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Kyung-Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Seung-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Young-Lim
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyoung-Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Kyungwon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dong-Kwon
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Rhee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins; C487789:mecA protein, Staphylococcus aureus