American Society of Clinical Oncology 2007 update of recommendations for the use of tumor markers in breast cancer.
OBJECTIVE
To update the recommendations for the use of tumor marker tests in the prevention, screening, treatment, and surveillance of breast cancer.


METHODS
For the 2007 update, an Update Committee composed of members from the full Panel was formed to complete the review and analysis of data published since 1999. Computerized literature searches of MEDLINE and the Cochrane Collaboration Library were performed. The Update Committee's literature review focused attention on available systematic reviews and meta-analyses of published tumor marker studies. In general, significant health outcomes (overall survival, disease-free survival, quality of life, lesser toxicity, and cost-effectiveness) were used for making recommendations. Recommendations and


CONCLUSIONS
Thirteen categories of breast tumor markers were considered, six of which were new for the guideline. The following categories showed evidence of clinical utility and were recommended for use in practice: CA 15-3, CA 27.29, carcinoembryonic antigen, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, urokinase plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, and certain multiparameter gene expression assays. Not all applications for these markers were supported, however. The following categories demonstrated insufficient evidence to support routine use in clinical practice: DNA/ploidy by flow cytometry, p53, cathepsin D, cyclin E, proteomics, certain multiparameter assays, detection of bone marrow micrometastases, and circulating tumor cells.
Harris
Lyndsay
L
Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Fritsche
Herbert
H
Mennel
Robert
R
Norton
Larry
L
Ravdin
Peter
P
Taube
Sheila
S
Somerfield
Mark R
MR
Hayes
Daniel F
DF
Bast
Robert C
RC
D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate / Q000097:blood; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D002402:Cathepsin D / Q000032:analysis; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019927:Cyclin E / Q000032:analysis; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000097:blood; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000032:analysis; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D040901:Proteomics; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000032:analysis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000032:analysis
D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D002402:Cathepsin D; D019927:Cyclin E; D018396:Mucin-1; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator; C090797:CA 27-29 antigen; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human