title: Crosstalk between the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and hypoxia on the constitutive expression of cytochrome P4501A1 mRNA.
abstract: Endothelial cells are a target of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon toxicity following aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) activation. Further, evidence suggests that AHR has a physiological function in endothelial cells in the absence of exogenous ligands. Understanding these "normal" functions of AHR may help to reveal the mechanisms that contribute to the toxicity of xenobiotic ligands. Thus, this study focused on the crosstalk between hypoxia and AHR in the absence of exogenous ligands. Constitutive CYP1A1 mRNA was measured by real time PCR in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells exposed to hypoxia (1 or 2.5% O2), 25 nM AHR siRNA, 25 nM hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha siRNA, or their combinations. Hypoxia significantly induced known hypoxia-regulated genes, and this induction was highly attenuated by HIF-2alpha siRNA, suggesting that HIF-2alpha is a primary mediator of hypoxic responses in these cells. Hypoxia also significantly reduced CYP1A1 mRNA and this reduction was also attenuated by HIF-2alpha siRNA. As expected, AHR siRNA significantly reduced constitutive CYP1A1 mRNA. While the combination of hypoxia plus AHR siRNA reduced CYP1A1 mRNA more than either treatment alone, the reduction was less than additive, suggesting that hypoxia and AHR deficiency may share a common pathway in reducing CYP1A1 expression. Finally, hypoxia significantly reduced AHR mRNA and this reduction was completely prevented by HIF-2alpha siRNA. In conclusion, constitutive CYP1A1 mRNA expression is dependent on AHR and is reduced by hypoxia via a HIF-2alpha-dependent mechanism, which may be mediated by a HIF-2alpha-dependent reduction of AHR expression.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, 2703 Frontier NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131-5691, USA.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Mary K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000506:poisoning; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D020239:Receptor Cross-Talk / Q000502:physiology*; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014162:Transfection; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1