title: Biochemical markers of type II collagen breakdown and synthesis are positioned at specific sites in human osteoarthritic knee cartilage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether type II collagen turnover markers used for osteoarthritis (OA) activity evaluation in body fluids can be detected at the level of specific histological features of OA cartilage tissue, as well as how they relate with each other at this level.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adjacent sections were obtained from full-depth cartilage biopsies from 32 OA knees. Immunohistochemistry was performed for Helix-II and CTX-II, which are type II collagen fragments originating from the triple helix and the telopeptide region, respectively, and believed to reflect distinct breakdown events, as well as for type IIA N propeptide (PIIANP), a biochemical marker reflecting synthesis of type IIA collagen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Helix-II and CTX-II were detected in areas where collagen damage was reported previously, most frequently around chondrocytes, but also frequently in regions not previously investigated such as the margin area and close to subchondral bone, including vascularization sites and bone-cartilage interface. The latter is CTX-II's prevailing position and shows rarely Helix-II. PIIANP co-localized with Helix-II and CTX-II on a limited number of features, mainly in deep zone cartilage. Overall, our analysis highlights clear patterns of association of the markers with specific histological features, and shows that they spread to these features in an ordered way.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Helix-II and CTX-II show to some degree differential selectivity for specific features in cartilage tissue. CTX-II detection close to bone may be relevant to the possible role of subchondral bone in OA. The restricted co-localization of breakdown markers and PIIANP suggests that collagen fragments can result only partially from newly synthesized collagen. Our study strengthens the interest for the question whether combining several markers reflecting different regional cartilage contributions or metabolic processes should allow a broader detection of OA activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Cell Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark. anneb@yjensen.dk
authors.forename: A-C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bay-Jensen
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Charni-Ben Tabassi
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Kristensen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kjaersgaard-Andersen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sandell
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garnero
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Delaissé
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001706:Biopsy; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000473:pathology; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000378:metabolism*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D024043:Collagen Type II; D004396:Coloring Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C035906:Fast Green