title: Imidazolate bridged Cu(II)-Cu(II) and Cu(II)-Zn(II) complexes of a terpyridinophane azamacrocycle: a solution and solid state study.
abstract: The dinuclear Cu2+ and Zn2+ as well as the mixed Cu2+-Zn2+ complexes of a 5,5''-pentaazaterpyridinophane ligand (L) are able to incorporate imidazolate (Im-) as a bridging ligand. The crystal structure of [Cu(2)L(Im)(Br)(H2O)](CF(3)SO(3))(2).3H2O (1) shows one copper coordinated by the three pyridine nitrogens of the terpyridine unit, one nitrogen of the imidazolate bridge (Im-) and one bromide anion occupying the axial position of a distorted square pyramid. The second copper atom is coordinated by the remaining imidazolate nitrogen, the three secondary nitrogens at the centre of the polyamine bridge and one water molecule that occupies the axial position. Magnetic measurements have been performed in the 2.0-300.0 K temperature range. Experimental data could be satisfactorily reproduced by using an isotropic exchange model H = -JS(1)S(2) with J = -52.3 cm(-1) and g = 2.09. Potentiometric studies have provided details of the speciation and stability constants for the mixed Cu2+-L-HIm, Zn2+-L-HIm (HIm = imidazole) and Cu2+-Zn2+-L-HIm systems. The apparent stability constant obtained at pH = 9 for the addition of imidazole to the dinuclear Cu2+ complexes is one of the highest so far reported (log K = 7.5). UV-Vis spectroscopy and paramagnetic NMR data show that imidazole coordinates to the Cu2+ ions as a bridging imidazolate ligand from pH 5 to 10. Electrochemical reduction of the Cu2+-Zn2+-L complex occurs in two successive one-electron per copper ion quasi-reversible steps. The formal potential of the Cu2+-Zn2+-L/Cu+-Zn2+-L couple is close to that of SOD. The IC50 values measured at pH 7.8 by means of the nitro blue tetrazolium method show significant SOD activity for the dinuclear Cu2+ complexes (IC50 = 2.5 microM) and moderate activity for the Cu2+-Zn2+ mixed systems (IC50 = 30 microM).
authors.affiliation: Departament de Química Inorgànica, Institut de Ciència Molecular (ICMOL), Universitat de València. Edificio de Institutos de Paterna, Apartado de Correos 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Begoña
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Verdejo
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blasco
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-España
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lloret
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gaviña
authors.forename: Conxa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soriano
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tatay
authors.forename: Hermas R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Doménech
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Latorre
mesh_terms: D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008024:Ligands; D047028:Macrocyclic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008280:Magnetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000737:chemistry*; D012996:Solutions / Q000737:chemistry; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001372:Aza Compounds; D007093:Imidazoles; D008024:Ligands; D047028:Macrocyclic Compounds; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; D012996:Solutions; D003300:Copper; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D015032:Zinc