title: Effects of hydrophilicity and microtopography of titanium implant surfaces on initial supragingival plaque biofilm formation. A pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present pilot study is to investigate the effects of hydrophilicity and microtopography of titanium implant surfaces on initial supragingival plaque biofilm formation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Test specimens were manufactured from commercially pure grade 2 titanium according to one of the following procedures: polished (P), acid-etched (A), chemically modified (mod) A (modA), sand-blasted large grit and A (SLA), and modSLA. Intraoral splints were used to collect an in vivo supragingival plaque biofilm in each group at 12, 24, and 48 h. Stained plaque biofilm (PB) areas (%) were morphometrically assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All groups exhibited significant increases of mean PB areas over time (p < 0.001; respectively). Morphometrical analysis revealed the following mean PB areas: 12h: SLA = modSLA > P > A =modA (p < 0.001; respectively); 24h: SLA > modSLA = P > A = modA (p < 0.001; respectively); 48h: SLA = modSLA = P > A = modA (p < 0.001; respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limits of a pilot study, it could be concluded that hydrophilicity had no apparent effect, while microtopography had a highly uneven and unpredictable influence on supragingival plaque biofilm formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Westdeutsche Kieferklinik, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. Frank.Schwarz@med.uni-duesseldorf.de
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sculean
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wieland
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nuesry
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bube
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Becker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000382:microbiology*; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology*; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium