title: Investigation of the toxicity of the products of decoloration of Amaranth by Trametes versicolor.
abstract: Trametes versicolor decolorized 2000 mg L(-1) of the mono-azo substituted naphthalenic dye Amaranth with no dye sorption observed visually. The changes in the toxicity were assessed over a period of 30 d for the dye-treated viable culture, control (no dye added), and a boiled culture treated with dye, using the Microtox Acute Toxicity assay. Before dye addition, the culture filtrate had some toxicity, which increased after the dye addition. The toxicity of the dye-treated culture decreased during the treatment. The loss of toxicity occurred at the same time, with the loss of color suggesting that detoxification is associated with decoloration. The change in pH was due to natural metabolic processes and had a small effect on detoxification. Because the toxicity of the treatment was similar to that of the control at the end of the treatment, the effluent seems to be safe for release into the environment, potentially rendering this treatment suitable for industrial application.
authors.affiliation: Dep. of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6. mihaelag@umich.edu
authors.forename: Mihaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gavril
authors.forename: Peter V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Hodson
mesh_terms: D000548:Amaranth Dye / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D020072:Polyporales / Q000737:chemistry*; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D000548:Amaranth Dye