title: IDO expands human CD4+CD25high regulatory T cells by promoting maturation of LPS-treated dendritic cells.
abstract: We have previously shown that human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) express indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), as well as several other enzymes of the kynurenine pathway at the mRNA level upon maturation. The tolerogenic mechanisms of this pathway remain unclear. Here we show that LPS-treated DC metabolize tryptophan as far as quinolinate. We found that IDO contributes to LPS and TNF-alpha + poly(I:C)-induced DC maturation since IDO inhibition using two different inhibitors impairs DC maturation. IDO knock-down using short-hairpin RNA also led to diminished LPS-induced maturation. In line with these results, the tryptophan-derived catabolites 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine increased maturation of LPS-treated DC. Concerning the molecular mechanisms of this effect, IDO acts as an intermediate pathway in LPS-induced production of reactive oxygen species and NF-kappaB activation, two processes that lead to DC maturation. Finally, we show that mature DC expand CD4(+)CD25(high) regulatory T cells in an IDO-dependent manner. In conclusion, we show that IDO constitutes an intermediate pathway in DC maturation leading to expansion of CD4(+)CD25(high) regulatory T cells.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U 643, Nantes, Cedex 1, France.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanguy-Royer
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Royer
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chauveau
authors.forename: Kashif
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asghar
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tesson
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lavainne
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rémy
authors.forename: Régis
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brion
authors.forename: François-Xavier
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Hubert
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heslan
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rimbert
authors.forename: Laureline
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berthelot
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Moffett
authors.forename: Régis
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Josien
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grégoire
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Anegon
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014364:Tryptophan