title: Diagnostic performance of gadobenate dimeglumine enhanced MR angiography of the iliofemoral and calf arteries: a large-scale multicenter trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MR angiography and unenhanced time-of-flight MR angiography for the detection of significant peripheral arterial occlusive disease using digital subtraction angiography as our reference standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred seventy-two patients underwent MR angiography and digital subtraction angiography of the iliofemoral arteries. MR angiography was performed before (2D time-of-flight acquisitions) and after (spoiled gradient-echo acquisitions) the administration of 0.1 mmol/kg of gadobenate dimeglumine at 1-2 mL/s. Contrast-enhanced MR angiography and digital subtraction angiography of the calf arteries were performed in 241 of 272 participants. Images were evaluated on-site and by four blinded reviewers (three for MR angiography, one for digital subtraction angiography). Comparative diagnostic performance for the detection of significant (> or = 51% vessel lumen narrowing) disease was evaluated using the McNemar test and generalized estimating equations. Interobserver agreement was assessed with generalized kappa statistics. The chi-square test was used to compare technical failure rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Digital subtraction angiography confirmed significant disease (597 stenoses, 386 occlusions) in 983 iliofemoral segments. The sensitivity (54-80.9%), specificity (89.7-95.3%), and accuracy (85-87.5%) of contrast-enhanced MR angiography for the detection of significant iliofemoral disease were significantly (p < 0.001, all reviewers) better than those of time-of-flight MR angiography (33.2-62.8%, 74.3-88.9%, and 68-77.3%, respectively). Similar diagnostic performance was obtained for the calf arteries. The technical failure rate with contrast-enhanced MR angiography (2.5-3.4%) was similar to that of digital subtraction angiography (1.4%) and significantly (p < 0.001) lower than that of time-of-flight MR angiography (6.2-18.0%). Significantly better reproducibility (p < 0.001) was obtained with contrast-enhanced MR angiography (82% vs 65.2% agreement; kappa = 0.66 vs 0.45).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improved diagnostic performance and reproducibility are achievable with gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MR angiography in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Brothers of St. John of God, Grosse Mohrengasse 9, Vienna, Austria A-1020. siegfried.thurnher@bbwien.at
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thurnher
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Günther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ballarati
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bongartz
authors.forename: Christoph U
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Herborn
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schoenberg
authors.forename: Maria Assunta
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cova
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morana
authors.forename: Khusrow
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Niazi
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iezzi
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taupitz
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bluemke
authors.forename: Karl-Friedrich
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Kreitner
authors.forename: Miles A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kirchin
authors.forename: Gianpaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pirovano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013020:South America; D013848:Thigh / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C064572:gadobenic acid; D008536:Meglumine