title: Expression of BORIS in melanoma: lack of association with MAGE-A1 activation.
abstract: Several genes with specific expression in germ cells show aberrant activation in different types of tumors. These genes, termed cancer-germline (CG) genes, encode tumor-specific antigens, which represent potential targets for therapeutic vaccination against cancer. The germline-specific gene BORIS (Brother Of the Regulator of Imprinted Sites), which encodes an 11-zinc-fingers transcriptional regulator, was recently qualified as a new CG gene, as it was found to be activated in a variety of tumor samples. Moreover, it was suggested that BORIS might be responsible for the activation of most other CG genes, including gene MAGE-A1, in tumors. In the present study, we evaluated the frequency of BORIS activation in melanoma by quantitative RT-PCR. BORIS activation was detected in 27% (n = 63) melanoma tissue samples. Surprisingly, many melanoma samples expressed MAGE-A1 and other CG genes in the absence of BORIS activation, suggesting that BORIS is not an obligate factor for activation of these genes in melanoma. Consistently, forced expression of BORIS in melanoma cell lines did not induce expression of MAGE-A1. Our results indicate that BORIS may serve as a useful target for immunotherapy of melanoma. However, it appears that BORIS is neither necessary nor sufficient for the activation of other CG genes.
authors.affiliation: Brussels Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kholmanskikh
authors.forename: Axelle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loriot
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brasseur
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Plaen
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Smet
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001374:Azacitidine; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018899:CpG Islands; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D058950:Melanoma-Specific Antigens; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; C456540:CTCFL protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C072011:MAGEA1 protein, human; D058950:Melanoma-Specific Antigens; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D001374:Azacitidine