title: Susceptibility-weighted imaging for the evaluation of patients with familial cerebral cavernous malformations: a comparison with t2-weighted fast spin-echo and gradient-echo sequences.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The T2-weighted gradient-echo (GRE) imaging is currently the gold standard MR imaging sequence for the evaluation of patients with cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) lesions. We aimed to compare the sensitivity of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) with T2-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE) and GRE imaging in assigning the number of CCM lesions in patients with the familial form of the disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 15 patients (8 men, 7 women; mean age, 34 years) with familial CCM. All patients underwent MR imaging with the following sequences: T1-weighted spin echo, T2-weighted FSE, T2-weighted GRE, and SWI. Two neuroradiologists read the images regarding the number of lesions seen on each sequence. The final decisions were reached by consensus. The number of lesions on the different sequences was compared with analysis of variance, followed by a nonparametric Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of lesions was higher on T2-weighted GRE than on T2-weighted FSE (P = .001). In addition, more lesions were seen on SWI than on T2-weighted GRE (P = .001) and FSE (P = .001) sequences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The sensitivity of SWI in assigning the number of CCM lesions in patients with the familial form of the disease is significantly higher than that of T2-weighted FSE and GRE sequences.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Neurosurgery, Department of Radiology, University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. jmarcondes@hucff.ufrj.br
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Domingues
authors.forename: L C H
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Domingues
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iasbeck
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Gasparetto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D002550:Cerebral Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology*; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D013113:Spin Labels