[Risk factors for early arrhythmias post transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects].
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the risk factors for early arrhythmias after transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect (PVSD).


METHODS
A total of 358 patients [161 males, aged from 3 to 54, mean (10.9 +/- 8.1) years, body weight from 12 to 90, mean (32.8 +/- 17.2) kg] who underwent transcatheter closure of PVSD from August 2002 to February 2006 were included in this retrospective analysis. Electrocardiogram was performed daily after transcatheter closure for seven days. Relationships between arrhythmias and those risk factors such as the defect characteristics and the device size and types were explored by logistic regression analysis. Left ventriculography showed 195 out of 358 patients with PVSD were complicated with membranous aneurysm. The PVSD diameter ranged from 2 to 18 (6.5 +/- 3.1) mm in left ventricular side and from 2 to 12 (4.2 +/- 2.3) mm in right ventricular side. A total of 140 nonsymmetrical and 218 symmetrical occluders with diameter 4 to 18 (8.1 +/- 2.5) mm were used to close those defects.


RESULTS
Procedure was successful in all patients. Early arrhythmias after transcatheter closure of PVSD were observed in 135 (37.7%) patients and serious cardiac arrhythmias in 23 (6.4%) patients. The early arrhythmias after transcatheter closure of PVSD were significantly correlated with device size [> or = (8.6 +/- 2.7) mm] and type (nonsymmetrical device), the span between the defect and tricuspid (< or = 3 mm), and the presence of aneurysm.


CONCLUSIONS
Larger device size, nonsymmetrical device, narrow span between the defect and tricuspid and the presence of aneurysm are the risk factors for early arrhythmias after transcatheter closure of PVSD.
Zhu
Xian-yang
XY
Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Cardiovascular Institute of PLA & General Hospital of Shenyang Military Army, Shenyang 110016, China.
Liu
Yu-hao
YH
Hou
Chuan-ju
CJ
Han
Xiu-min
XM
Sheng
Xiao-tang
XT
Zhang
Duan-zhen
DZ
Cui
Chun-sheng
CS
Wang
Qi-guang
QG
Deng
Dong-an
DA
Zhang
Yu-wei
YW
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult