title: Lower body negative pressure exercise plus brief postexercise lower body negative pressure improve post-bed rest orthostatic tolerance.
abstract: Orthostatic intolerance follows actual weightlessness and weightlessness simulated by bed rest. Orthostasis immediately after acute exercise imposes greater cardiovascular stress than orthostasis without prior exercise. We hypothesized that 5 min/day of simulated orthostasis [supine lower body negative pressure (LBNP)] immediately following LBNP exercise maintains orthostatic tolerance during bed rest. Identical twins (14 women, 16 men) underwent 30 days of 6 degrees head-down tilt bed rest. One of each pair was randomly selected as a control, and their sibling performed 40 min/day of treadmill exercise while supine in 53 mmHg (SD 4) [7.05 kPa (SD 0.50)] LBNP. LBNP continued for 5 min after exercise stopped. Head-up tilt at 60 degrees plus graded LBNP assessed orthostatic tolerance before and after bed rest. Hemodynamic measurements accompanied these tests. Bed rest decreased orthostatic tolerance time to a greater extent in control [34% (SD 10)] than in countermeasure subjects [13% (SD 20); P < 0.004]. Controls exhibited cardiac stroke volume reduction and relative cardioacceleration typically seen after bed rest, yet no such changes occurred in the countermeasure group. These findings demonstrate that 40 min/day of supine LBNP treadmill exercise followed immediately by 5 min of resting LBNP attenuates, but does not fully prevent, the orthostatic intolerance associated with 30 days of bed rest. We speculate that longer postexercise LBNP may improve results. Together with our earlier related studies, these ground-based results support spaceflight evaluation of postexercise orthostatic stress as a time-efficient countermeasure against postflight orthostatic intolerance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA. dwatenpaugh@texaspulmonary.com
authors.forename: Donald E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Watenpaugh
authors.forename: Deborah D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: O'Leary
authors.forename: Suzanne M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Stuart M C
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Brandon R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Macias
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hughson
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hargens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001510:Bed Rest / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002302:Cardiac Output; D004244:Dizziness / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D018475:Head-Down Tilt; D006339:Heart Rate; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008150:Lower Body Negative Pressure; D008297:Male; D012107:Research Design; D013026:Space Flight; D013318:Stroke Volume; D016683:Supine Position; D013997:Time Factors; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic; D014655:Vascular Resistance; D018544:Weightlessness Countermeasures; D018474:Weightlessness Simulation