title: Stavudine but not didanosine as part of HAART contributes to peripheral lipoatrophy: a substudy from the Antiretroviral Regimen Evaluation Study (ARES).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To objectively assess changes in body fat distribution in a subgroup of antiretroviral therapy-naïve participants in a randomized comparative trial of regimens including a nucleoside analogue backbone of didanosine with either lamivudine or stavudine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans were performed at baseline and weeks 48 and 96 of therapy in all 19 patients from one of the sites participating in the Antiretroviral Regimen Evaluation Study (ARES). Patients had been randomized to receive nelfinavir/didanosine/stavudine (n = 8), nevirapine/didanosine/lamivudine (n = 7), or ritonavir-boosted saquinavir/didanosine/lamivudine (n = 4).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In an intent-to-treat analysis, patients allocated to didanosine plus stavudine-containing treatment after 96 weeks had lost a median of 1,825 g (-26%) of total limb fat, as compared to a median gain of 1,639 (48%) and 403 (6%) g in those randomized to the didanosine/lamivudine plus nevirapine or saquinavir-containing regimens, respectively. These changes in limb fat were statistically significantly different when comparing patients allocated to stavudine-containing treatment with both of the other two treatment arms combined (p = .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that didanosine/lamivudine, when combined with either nevirapine or ritonavir-boosted saquinavir over 96 weeks of therapy, is possibly not associated with limb fat atrophy, in contrast to when treatment contained didanosine, stavudine, and nelfinavir combined.
authors.affiliation: International Antiviral Therapy Evaluation Center (IATEC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Lowe@LMIB.azM.nl
authors.forename: Selwyn H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: Elly A M
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Hassink
authors.forename: Berthe L F
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: van Eck-Smit
authors.forename: Jan C C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Borleffs
authors.forename: Joep M A
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reiss
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D016049:Didanosine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019888:Nelfinavir / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019258:Saquinavir / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018119:Stavudine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D019259:Lamivudine; D019829:Nevirapine; D018119:Stavudine; D019888:Nelfinavir; D016049:Didanosine; D019258:Saquinavir