title: Neurogenic detrusor overactivity treated with english botulinum toxin a: 8-year experience of one single centre.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Determine long-term effect of English botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNTA; Dysport) for refractory neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) for possible reduction of BoNTA efficacy after repeated injections.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1999 and 2005, 199 patients with spinal cord lesions with refractory NDO were treated with Dysport. All patients underwent a clinical examination, urinalysis, and videourodynamic study at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 mo after each treatment, as well as a visual analogue scale (VAS) assessment and a bladder diary checked for 1 wk before each visit. We used 1000, 750, 500 IU BoNTA at the beginning of our experience, and thereafter we mainly used 750 IU. Outcome measures included frequency of urge urinary incontinence (Incontinence Episode Frequency [IEF] test); urodynamic parameters including maximum cystometric bladder capacity (MCBC), reflex volume (RV), bladder compliance (BC); number of pads/condoms; antimuscarinic drug consumption; short- and long-term side-effects; and quality of life measured with VAS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences were found in efficacy duration with the three Dysport doses (p=0.5274). The difference between the intervals of injections was not statistically significant (p=0.2659). MCBC, RV, and BC improved significantly after treatment compared with baseline values (p<0.001) and there were no statistically significant differences after each retreatment or regarding Dysport dose (p>0.05). There was a significant improvement in patient satisfaction after each retreatment as expressed on the VAS (p<0.001). There was a significant reduction in IEF score and pads/condoms use in the first 4 wk after each treatment (p<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After repeated injections the effect of BoNTA remained constant.
authors.affiliation: Neurourology, Spinal Cord Department, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Del Popolo
authors.forename: Maria Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Filocamo
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Li Marzi
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Macchiarella
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cecconi
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nicita
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003558:Cystoscopy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014563:Urodynamics
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A