title: Combined use of brain natriuretic peptide and C-reactive protein for predicting cardiovascular risk in outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Appropriate tools are necessary for predicting cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes mellitus because of their high incidence. In this study, we assessed whether a combination of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) measurement were useful prognosticators in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. One hundred and nine patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 52 to 93 years, were examined at outpatient clinics for blood, urinary samples, and echocardiography. They were then followed prospectively. During the average follow-up period of 30 months (range, 3 to 37), 15 patients (14%) had cardiovascular events: This was the first event in 5 patients and a recurrence in 10. Cox regression analysis showed that the past event (hazard ratio [HR] 4.819 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.299-17.881]; p = 0.019) and plasma BNP level (HR 1.007 [95% CI: 1.002-1.012]; p = 0.010] were independently significant factors for the cardiovascular events during the follow-up period. Patients with plasma BNP > or =53 pg/mL and CRP > or =0.95 mg/dL demonstrated the highest incidence in cardiovascular event, compared to those categorized into either or both low levels of BNP and CRP. This study suggests that combination of plasma BNP and CRP measurement provides the additive prognostic information of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Circulatory and Body Fluid Regulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan. ttsuruda@med.miyazaki-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuruda
authors.forename: Johji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sumi
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mishima
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masuyama
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Takuroh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.forename: Tanenao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eto
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitamura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D010045:Outpatients; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D002097:C-Reactive Protein