title: Duane's retraction syndrome: its sensory features.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate binocularity in Duane's retraction syndrome (DRS) and to evaluate whether or not there is a relationship between the sensory and clinical features of the syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical and sensory findings of 29 patients with DRS were recorded. Binocularity was tested with the Bagolini glasses (BG), Worth four-dot (W4D), TNO and the stereo-fly plate of the Titmus test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-four (83%) patients showed fusion with the BG at near and 23 (79%) had fusion at distance. With the W4D, 23 (79%) patients had fusion at near and 19 (65%) had fusion at distance. Seven (24%) patients demonstrated normal stereoacuity, 15 (52%) had reduced stereoacuity and the remaining seven (24%) patients had no measurable stereoacuity. In patients without stereoacuity, amblyopia (p < 0.001), type 2 and 3 DRS (p = 0.031) and exotropia (p = 0.003) in primary position were more common than in those with reduced or with normal stereoacuity. Restriction of ocular ductions was also more severe in patients without stereoacuity than in those with reduced or normal stereoacuity (p = 0.019, p = 0.016). Patients with type 2 and 3 DRS were significantly more likely to have amblyopia (p = 0.037), large-angle heterotropia (p = 0.005) in primary position, upshoot or downshoot (p = 0.010) than those with type 1 DRS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although approximately 75% of DRS patients had fusion and measurable stereoacuity, only 25% demonstrated normal binocularity. This report provides new data on the relationship of sensory features to most of the clinical findings of this syndrome. Sensory features, as well as most clinical features of the syndrome, are better in patients with type 1 DRS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Mustafa Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey. suhtomac@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Suhan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tomaç
authors.forename: Fatih Mehmet
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Mutlu
authors.forename: Halil Ibrahim
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Altinsoy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003867:Depth Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D004370:Duane Retraction Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000379:methods*; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology*