title: Expression of matrix metalloproteinases-1, -2, and -9; tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases-1 and -2; cathepsin B; urokinase plasminogen activator; and plasminogen activator inhibitor, type I in skull base chordoma.
abstract: Little is known about proteinase expression in skull base chordoma, a rare bone tumor exhibiting local invasiveness. Using immunohistochemical techniques, we investigated the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-1, -2, and -9; tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs)-1 and -2; cathepsin B (CatB); urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA); and plasminogen activator inhibitor, type I (PAI1), in 45 patients with skull base chordoma (45 primary and 25 autologous recurrent lesions). We compared these data with clinicopathologic parameters and the expression of cell differentiation markers. MMP-1, MMP-2, TIMP-1, CatB, uPA, and PAI1 were frequently expressed, and there was a significant correlation in the expression of some proteinases. Immunoreactivity for MMP-1, MMP-2, CatB, and uPA was significantly higher in lesions exhibiting tumor infiltration of host bone than in those without such components. Expression of MMP-1, TIMP-1, CatB, and uPA was associated with that of low-molecular-weight cytokeratin (CAM5.2). There were no differences in proteinase expression in 25 pairs of primary and their recurrent lesions, and proteinase expression did not predict local recurrences. However, patients with higher expression of both MMP-1 and uPA showed worse prognosis compared with the others. In conclusion, expression of some proteinases correlated with CAM5.2 expression and seemed to play an important role in a synergistic manner in the invasion process in skull base chordoma. The authors believe that elevated expression of MMP-1 and uPA can be used to identify patients with a worse prognosis in skull base chordoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Magdeburg University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. takahicom@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naka
authors.forename: Doerthe
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kuester
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boltze
authors.forename: Torss-Oliver
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Samii
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herold
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ostertag
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roessner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002401:Cathepsin B / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D002817:Chordoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007633:Keratins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D019292:Skull Base Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C400901:CAM 5.2 antigen; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C051321:SERPINE1 protein, human; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D007633:Keratins; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator; D002401:Cathepsin B; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases