title: Viral regulation and evasion of the host response.
abstract: The type I interferons (IFN) are cytokines produced by mammalian cells in response to virus infection or other stressors. IFNs exert antiviral function by binding to the IFNalpha/beta receptors on the cell surface, with the major effect of triggering the JAK-STAT signaling cascade and inducing the expression of interferon-stimulated genes. The resulting innate antiviral response is a first line of immune defense against virus infection. Recent studies demonstrate that many viruses, including hepatitis C virus, direct processes to control the host response to infection. We provide a review of the virus/host processes involved in IFN signaling and regulation of innate immune defenses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Box 357650, 1959 N.E. Pacific, Seattle, WA 98195-7650, USA.
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Loo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gale
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D007370:Interferon Type I