title: Hospital cost-categories of pancreaticoduodenectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the era of cost-conscious healthcare, hospitals are focusing on costs. Analysis of hospital costs per cost-category may provide indications for potential cost saving measures in pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2004 and June 2005, 109 consecutive patients underwent curative PD for a pancreatic or peri-ampullary tumour. Costs were defined in different cost categories for each activity centre and were linked to the individual patient via the 'bill of activities'.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative complication rate was 46.8%, postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) 12.8%, and mortality rate 1.8%. The overall median LOS was 17 (range 7-52) days. The length of hospital stay (LOS) was significantly (p < 0.0001) different between patients with POPF, those with other complications, and patients without complications i.e. 26 (10-36) vs. 21 (8-52) vs. 14 (7-33) days, respectively. Median hospital cost per patient was 10406 (5570-30999) euros. The total hospital costs were significantly related to the LOS (p < 0.0001). The increase of total hospital costs was influenced by the hospitalization (p < 0.0001) and medical staff (p < 0.0001) costs, but not by the cost for the operation room (p = 0.233).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postoperative complications, in particular POPF, are associated with increased LOS and higher hospital costs. Any measure to reduce the incidence and severity of complications after PD will save hospital costs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. baki.topal@med.kuleuven.be
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Topal
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vandeweyer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aerts
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Penninckx
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000191:economics* / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001530:Belgium; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000191:economics* / Q000601:surgery*; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy / Q000191:economics*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality