title: Reduced ictogenic potential of 4-aminopyridine in the perirhinal and entorhinal cortex of kainate-treated chronic epileptic rats.
abstract: We investigated the potential of 4-AP (50-100 microM) to induce seizure-like events (SLEs) in combined entorhinal cortex-hippocampal slices from Sprague Dawley rats which developed spontaneous limbic seizures following kainic acid induced status epilepticus. Slices from control rats (n=8) displayed SLEs in the entorhinal and perirhinal cortex upon application of 50 or 100 microM 4-AP. By contrast, 4-AP failed to induce SLEs in slices from chronic epileptic rats (n=13) except for one slice from one rat. This animal displayed only minor cell loss in layer III of the entorhinal cortex, in contrast to the other epileptic rats for which layer III neuronal loss was extensive. In all slices from epileptic rats, 4-AP induced recurrent epileptiform discharges similar to the interictal activity observed in control rats. Combined application of 4-AP (100 microM) and bicuculline methiodide (30 microM) induced frequent and prolonged recurrent epileptiform discharges in both control and chronic epileptic rats. 4-AP at 50-100 microM likely affects potassium channels containing Kv1.4, Kv1.5, Kv3.1 or Kv3.2 subunits. Real-time PCR revealed no significant downregulation of Kv1.4, Kv1.5, Kv3.1 or Kv3.2 in the subiculum, entorhinal and perirhinal cortex from chronic epileptic rats compared to controls. However, the expression of Kv3.4, responding to 4-AP in mM range, was significantly reduced. Using sub-unit-specific antibodies, the real-time PCR findings were confirmed by immunocytochemistry. We suggest that after chronic epilepsy, reorganization in the entorhinal cortex is accompanied by adaptations in homeostatic plasticity with anticonvulsant consequences.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt Universität, Tucholskystr. 2, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Robert K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Zahn
authors.forename: Else A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Tolner
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Derst
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: Rüdiger W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Veh
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Heinemann
mesh_terms: D015761:4-Aminopyridine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D018728:Entorhinal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007608:Kainic Acid; D008297:Male; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D015221:Potassium Channels; D015761:4-Aminopyridine; D007608:Kainic Acid