title: Expression of inhibitor of apoptosis protein Livin in renal cell carcinoma and non-tumorous adult kidney.
abstract: The antiapoptotic Livin/ML-IAP gene has recently gained much attention as a potential new target for cancer therapy. Reports indicating that livin is expressed almost exclusively in tumours, but not in the corresponding normal tissue, suggested that the targeted inhibition of livin may present a novel tumour-specific therapeutic strategy. Here, we compared the expression of livin in renal cell carcinoma and in non-tumorous adult kidney tissue by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. We found that livin expression was significantly increased in tumours (P=0.0077), but was also clearly detectable in non-tumorous adult kidney. Transcripts encoding Livin isoforms alpha and beta were found in both renal cell carcinoma and normal tissue, without obvious qualitative differences. Livin protein in renal cell carcinoma samples exhibited cytoplasmic and/or nuclear staining. In non-tumorous kidney tissue, Livin protein expression was only detectable in specific cell types and restricted to the cytoplasm. Thus, whereas the relative overexpression of livin in renal cell carcinoma indicates that it may still represent a therapeutic target to increase the apoptotic sensitivity of kidney cancer cells, this strategy is likely to be not tumour-specific.
authors.affiliation: German Cancer Research Center, Molecular Therapy of Virus-Associated Cancers (F065), Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wagener
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Crnković-Mertens
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vetter
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Macher-Göppinger
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bedke
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Gröne
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zentgraf
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pritsch
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hoppe-Seyler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buse
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haferkamp
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Autschbach
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hohenfellner
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hoppe-Seyler
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C419866:BIRC7 protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm