title: Genetic and epigenetic changes in the common 1p36 deletion in neuroblastoma tumours.
abstract: Chromosome 1p is frequently deleted in neuroblastoma (NB) tumours. The commonly deleted region has been narrowed down by loss of heterozygosity studies undertaken by different groups. Based on earlier mapping data, we have focused on a region on 1p36 (chr1: 7 765 595-11 019 814) and performed an analysis of 30 genes by exploring features such as epigenetic regulation, that is DNA methylation and histone deacetylation, mutations at the DNA level and mRNA expression. Treatment of NB cell lines with the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A led to increased gene transcription of four of the 30 genes, ERRFI1 (MIG-6), PIK3CD, RBP7 (CRBPIV) and CASZ1, indicating that these genes could be affected by epigenetic downregulation in NBs. Two patients with nonsynonymous mutations in the PIK3CD gene were detected. One patient harboured three variations in the same exon, and p.R188W. The other patient had the variation p.M655I. In addition, synonymous variations and one variation in an intronic sequence were also found. The mRNA expression of this gene is downregulated in unfavourable, compared to favourable, NBs. One nonsynonymous mutation was also identified in the ERRFI1 gene, p.N343S, and one synonymous. None of the variations above were found in healthy control individuals. In conclusion, of the 30 genes analysed, the PIK3CD gene stands out as one of the most interesting for further studies of NB development and progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, Göteborg University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg SE-41345, Sweden.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Carén
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fransson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ejeskär
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kogner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Martinsson
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000077209:Decitabine; D005091:Exons; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D009154:Mutation; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D054840:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D001374:Azacitidine; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000077209:Decitabine; D006657:Histones; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054840:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Cellular; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C511127:CASZ1 protein, human; C484017:ERRFI1 protein, human; C422994:RBP7 protein, human; C012589:trichostatin A; C486018:PIK3CD protein, human