title: Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms in thyroid cancer.
abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent stimulator for angiogenesis. It has been implicated in growth and metastasis of thyroid cancer. Three functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of VEGF (-2578C/A, -634G/C, and +936C/T) are known to be related with VEGF expression. We conducted a case-control study to evaluate the genetic effects of these three functional SNPs on the development of thyroid cancer and lymph node metastasis. A total of 332 cases and 261 controls were recruited for this study. The genotypes were determined by the TaqMan 5'-nuclease assay. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was tested for each SNP, and genetic effects were evaluated by the chi(2)-test and multiple logistic regression. We used Bonferroni correction to account for multiple testing, and a two-tailed P value <0.017 was considered statistically significant. All three SNPs were in HWE. The A allele of -2578C/A (i.e. SNP rs699947) increased a risk for thyroid cancer (adjusted OR=136, 95% CI=1.02-1.81, P=0.039). Haplotype analysis yielded a less significant result (an empirical P value of 0.07). There was a tendency of increasing the frequency of the risk allele from controls, patients without lymph node metastasis to patients with lymph node metastasis (P(trend)=0.019). Further analysis showed that the genetic effect was only in men (adjusted OR=1.97, 95% CI=1.16-3.37, P=0.013) but not in women (adjusted OR=1.15, 95% CI=0.81-1.62, P=0.435). The other two SNPs did not show significant results. The A allele of the SNP rs699947 increased the risk of thyroid cancer development and regional lymph node metastasis in men.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Pi-Jung
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.forename: Ming-Ying
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Feng-Yu
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Shyi-Jang
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Yu-Da
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Suh-Hang Hank
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Juo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012737:Sex Factors; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A