title: Implantation of a resynchronization implantable cardioverter defibrillator in a patient with persistent left superior vena cava.
abstract: Implantation of resynchronization implantable cardioverter defibrillator was performed in a patient with persistent left superior vena cava. A dual coil defibrillation lead was inserted in the right ventricle apex via a small innominate vein. Left ventricular and atrial leads were implanted through persistent left superior vena cava. Left ventricular lead was easily implanted into the postero lateral vein. Pacing thresholds and sensing values were excellent and remained stable at 18 months follow-up.Presence of persistent left superior vena cava generally makes transvenous lead implantation difficult. However when a favorable coronary sinus anatomy is also present, it may facilitate left ventricular lead positioning in the coronary sinus branches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ha Emek Medical Center, 18101 Afula, Israel.
authors.forename: Dante
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Antonelli
authors.forename: Nahum Adam
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Freedberg
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Feldman