title: Monitoring the neoadjuvant therapy response in gynecological cancer patients using FDG PET.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We retrospectively evaluated the ability of FDG PET to predict the response of primary tumor to chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in patients with gynecological cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  FDG PET examinations were performed before and after completion of chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in 21 patients with advanced gynecological cancer (uterine cancer, n = 13; ovarian cancer, n = 8). PET imaging was performed at 1 h after injection. Semi-quantitative analysis was performed using the standardized uptake value (SUV) at the primary tumor for both before and after therapy (SUV(before) and SUV(after), respectively). Percent change value was calculated according to the following equation: (SUV(before) - SUV(after) x 100/SUV(before). Based on histopathological analysis of the specimens obtained at surgery, patients were classified as responders or non-responders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten patients were found to be responders and 11 to be non-responders. SUV(after) in responders was significantly lower than that in non-responders (p < 0.005). Taking an arbitrary SUV(after) of 3.8 as the cutoff for differentiating between responders and non-responders, FDG PET showed a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 63.6%, and an accuracy of 76.2%. The percent change value in the responders was significantly higher than that in the non-responders (p < 0.0005). Taking an arbitrary percent change of 65 as the cutoff for differentiating between responders and non-responders, FDG PET showed a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 81.8%, and an accuracy of 85.7%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that FDG PET-derived parameters including SUV and especially percent change value may have the potential to predict response to chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in patients with advanced gynecological cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan. nisiyosi@kms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanenishi
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kushida
authors.forename: Reiji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haba
authors.forename: Motoomi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohkawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18