title: Prevalence of gestational exposure to cannabis in a Mediterranean city by meconium analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prevalence of in utero exposure to cannabis in a cohort of 974 mother-infants dyads from Barcelona (Spain).
  
  
  METHODS
  A validated gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric assay was used for meconium analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prenatal exposure to cannabis was detected in 5.3% newborns; however, only 1.7% of the participating mothers disclosed gestational drug use. Ethnicity was not associated with cannabis use, nor were the maternal features or newborns somatometry. A significantly higher percentage of cannabis using mothers had a managerial professional job versus nonusers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Meconium analysis is especially important to identify neonates who have been exposed to cannabis in utero, which appear normal at birth and therefore may not be recognized. Timely detection of these newborns at risk provides the basis for appropriate treatment and adequate medical and social follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Recerca Infància i Entorn (URIE), Paediatric Service, Hospital del Mar, and Departament de Pediatria, Ginecologia i Obstetrica, i Medicina Preventiva, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lozano
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: García-Algar
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marchei
authors.forename: Oriol
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vall
authors.forename: Toni
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Monleon
authors.forename: Rita Di
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Giovannandrea
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pichini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000737:chemistry; D002186:Cannabinoids / Q000032:analysis*; D002188:Cannabis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D008470:Meconium / Q000737:chemistry*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002186:Cannabinoids