title: Bacterial contamination of hospital bed-control handsets in a surgical setting: a potential marker of contamination of the healthcare environment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients undergoing colorectal surgical resections have a high incidence of surgical site infection (SSI). Many patient-specific risk factors have been recognised in association with SSI in such patients, but environmental contamination is increasingly recognised as a contributor to hospital-acquired infection (HAI). This study set out to describe the bacterial contamination of the patient environment, using hospital bed-control handsets, as they are frequently handled by both staff and patients and represent a marker of environmental contamination.
  
  
  METHODS
  On two unannounced sampling events, 1 week apart, 140 bacteriological assessments were made of 70 hospital bed control handsets within a specialist colorectal surgical unit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the handsets examined, 67 (95.7%) demonstrated at least one bacterial species (52.9% grew 1, 30% grew 2 and 12.9% grew 3 or more bacterial species). Of these, 29 (41.4%) bed-control handsets grew bacteria known to cause nosocomial infection, including 22 (31.4%) handsets which grew Enterococcus spp., 9 (12.9%) which grew MRSA, 2 (2.9%) which grew MSSA, 2 (2.9%) which grew coliforms, and 1 (1.4%) handset which grew anaerobes. At 1-week follow-up, 31 bed-control handsets showed evidence of contamination by the same bacterial species.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study revealed high levels of bacteria known to cause HAI, contaminating hospital bed-control handsets in a surgical setting. Further study is now required to confirm whether hospital environmental contamination is causally involved in SSI.
authors.affiliation: Academic Coloproctology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK. rbrady@hgu.mrc.ac.uk
authors.forename: R R W
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kalima
authors.forename: N N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Damani
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Dunlop
mesh_terms: D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000517:prevention & control; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016983:Enterococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004866:Equipment Contamination; D004865:Equipment and Supplies, Hospital / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control