title: The flavonoid quercetin regulates growth and gene expression in rat FRTL-5 thyroid cells.
abstract: Quercetin is the most consumed flavonoid present in fruits and vegetables. There has been increased interest in the possible health benefits of quercetin and other flavonoids. Because it is reported that these compounds have some antithyroid properties, we were interested whether, and by what mechanism, quercetin might regulate thyroid cell growth and function. In this report we show that quercetin inhibits thyroid cell growth in association with inhibition of insulin-modulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt kinase activity. Furthermore, quercetin decreases TSH-modulated RNA levels of the thyroid-restricted gene sodium/iodide symporter (NIS). We associated down-regulation of NIS RNA levels with inhibition of iodide uptake at comparable quercetin concentrations and could show that the inhibitory effect of quercetin on NIS RNA levels and iodide uptake is reproduced by inhibitors of the phospholipase-A(2)/lipoxygenase pathway. The specific inhibitor of protein kinase A, H89, only partially inhibited TSH-increased NIS expression and did not reproduce the quercetin effect. The quercetin studies thus reveal that the phospholipase-A(2)/lipoxygenase pathway appears to play an important role in TSH regulation of NIS gene expression, whereas quercetin inhibition of growth appears to involve an effect on insulin/IGF-I-Akt signaling. The data raise the possibility that quercetin may be a novel disruptor of thyroid function, which has potential effects on, or use in, the therapy of thyroid diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Aging, University G. D'Annunzio, 66013 Chieti, Italy. cgiulian@unich.it
authors.forename: Cesidio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giuliani
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Norikazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harii
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Napolitano
authors.forename: Dante
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tatone
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bucci
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piantelli
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Monaco
authors.forename: Leonard D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Kohn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D013956:Antithyroid Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007455:Iodine / Q000378:metabolism; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000502:physiology; D011794:Quercetin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D027981:Symporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
chemical_list: D013956:Antithyroid Agents; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D007455:Iodine; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D011794:Quercetin; D027981:Symporters; D013972:Thyrotropin; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters