title: The role of amino acids T148 and R281 in human dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase.
abstract: Human dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (hE3) is a common component of alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. Mutations of this homodimeric protein cause E3 deficiency and are always fatal. To investigate its reaction mechanism, we first performed multiple sequence alignment with other 17 eukaryotic E3s. According to hE3 structure and the result of multiple sequence alignment, two amino acids, T148 and R281, were subjected to mutagenesis and four hE3 mutants, T148G, T148S, R281N, and R281K, were expressed and assayed. The specific activities of T148G, T148S, R281N, and R281K are 76.34%, 88.62%, 12.50%, and 11.93% to that of wild-type E3, respectively. The FAD content analysis indicated that the FAD content of these mutant E3s were about 71.0%, 92%, 96%, and 93% that of wild-type E3, respectively. The molecular weight analysis showed that these three mutant proteins form the dimer. Kinetic data demonstrated that the K(cat) of forward reaction of all mutants, except T148 mutants, were decreased dramatically. The results of kinetic study suggest that T148 is not important to E3 catalytic function and R281 play a role in the catalytic function of the E3.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yi-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shih-Tsung
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ling-Yun
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wen-Hu
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Pei-Ru
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ming-Chih
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Ted-Chung
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D001483:Base Sequence; D020134:Catalytic Domain / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D008058:Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019281:Dimerization; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D009243:NAD; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; D008058:Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase