title: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone-1 (GnRH-1) is involved in tooth maturation and biomineralization.
abstract: Gonadotropin releasing-hormone-1 (GnRH-1) is expressed in mouse incisors during development. In this report, we identify (1) cell type(s) that express GnRH-1 throughout tooth development, (2) the GnRH-1 receptor, and (3) the role of GnRH-1/GnRH-1 receptor signaling in tooth maturation. Results show that GnRH-1-positive cells in dental epithelium differentiate and populate multiple tooth structures including ameloblast and papillary layers that are involved in enamel formation and mineralization. The GnRH-1 receptor was present, and in vitro a GnRH-1 antagonist attenuated incisor GnRH-1 cell expression. In vivo, in mice lacking GnRH-1 (-/-), the incisors were discolored, longer, and more curved compared to wildtype. Elemental analysis of calcium, phosphorus, and iron revealed changes in -/- incisors consistent with GnRH-1 affecting movement of minerals into the dental matrix. In sum, in tooth development a signal transduction pathway exists for GnRH-1 via the GnRH-1 receptor and disruption of such signaling affects incisor growth and biomineralization.
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tiong
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Locastro
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wray
mesh_terms: D000565:Ameloblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003771:Dental Papilla / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007180:Incisor / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D050816:Octamer Transcription Factor-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D009805:Odontogenesis; D027702:Organic Cation Transporter 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D011966:Receptors, LHRH / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014070:Tooth / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014074:Tooth Calcification
chemical_list: D027702:Organic Cation Transporter 1; C494180:Pou3f1 protein, mouse; D011966:Receptors, LHRH; D050816:Octamer Transcription Factor-6; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone