Spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy: consequence of a Tdp1 recessive neomorphic mutation?
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) cleaves the phosphodiester bond between a covalently stalled topoisomerase I (Topo I) and the 3' end of DNA. Stalling of Topo I at DNA strand breaks is induced by endogenous DNA damage and the Topo I-specific anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT). The H493R mutation of Tdp1 causes the neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy (SCAN1). Contrary to the hypothesis that SCAN1 arises from catalytically inactive Tdp1, Tdp1-/- mice are indistinguishable from wild-type mice, physically, histologically, behaviorally, and electrophysiologically. However, compared to wild-type mice, Tdp1-/- mice are hypersensitive to CPT and bleomycin but not to etoposide. Consistent with earlier in vitro studies, we show that the H493R Tdp1 mutant protein retains residual activity and becomes covalently trapped on the DNA after CPT treatment of SCAN1 cells. This result provides a direct demonstration that Tdp1 repairs Topo I covalent lesions in vivo and suggests that SCAN1 arises from the recessive neomorphic mutation H493R. This is a novel mechanism for disease since neomorphic mutations are generally dominant.
Hirano
Ryuki
R
Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Interthal
Heidrun
H
Huang
Cheng
C
Nakamura
Tomonori
T
Deguchi
Kimiko
K
Choi
Kunho
K
Bhattacharjee
Meenakshi B
MB
Arimura
Kimiyoshi
K
Umehara
Fujio
F
Izumo
Shuji
S
Northrop
Jennifer L
JL
Salih
Mustafa A M
MA
Inoue
Ken
K
Armstrong
Dawna L
DL
Champoux
James J
JJ
Takashima
Hiroshi
H
Boerkoel
Cornelius F
CF
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001369:Axons; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020552:Comet Assay; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology; D005047:Etoposide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005808:Genes, Recessive; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009154:Mutation; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011115:Polyneuropathies / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020754:Spinocerebellar Ataxias / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019772:Topotecan / Q000494:pharmacology
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D001761:Bleomycin; D005047:Etoposide; D000077146:Irinotecan; D019772:Topotecan; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; C524959:Tdp1 protein, mouse; D002166:Camptothecin