title: The effect of stimulating versus nonstimulating catheters for continuous interscalene plexus blocks in short-term pain management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether placement, and use of stimulating catheters for interscalene brachial plexus blocks improves short-term postoperative analgesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled, prospective, randomized, pilot study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  60 patients undergoing shoulder surgery. INTERVENTIONS AND MAIN MEASUREMENTS: The brachial plexus was identified using a stimulating needle. In conventional catheter group 1 (CC 1), local anesthetic (LA) was injected through the needle and catheters were advanced blindly thereafter. In catheter group 2 (CC 2), catheters were blindly inserted and LA was injected through the catheter. In the stimulating catheter group (SC), LA was injected only after catheter tip location was confirmed by nerve stimulation. Time required to perform the block, pain intensity at rest, and dynamic pain (defined movement: lifting of arm; numeric rating scale, 0-10), patient satisfaction (verbal rating scale, Likert scale), and plasma concentrations of ropivacaine were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients in the SC group had significantly decreased pain scores. The median block performance time was 6 minutes in CC 1 (CI 25%-75%: 4-8 min), 11 minutes in CC 2 (CI 25%-75%: 7-13 min), and 12 minutes in SC (CI 25%-75%: 10-24 min). Patient satisfaction and plasma concentrations of ropivacaine did not differ among the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stimulating catheters for interscalene plexus blocks improve postoperative analgesia at rest in patients undergoing shoulder surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Birnbaum
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kip
authors.forename: Claudia D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Spies
authors.forename: Ortrud Vargas
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Hein
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Labs
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Moeckel
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Volk
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001917:Brachial Plexus; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D012782:Shoulder / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077212:Ropivacaine