title: Pathogen inactivation of Trypanosoma cruzi in plasma and platelet concentrates using riboflavin and ultraviolet light.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Emigration of people infected with Trypanosoma cruzi to non-endemic areas has resulted in transfusion transmission to immunocompromised recipients. We studied the feasibility of inactivating T. cruzi using a new technology which utilizes riboflavin as a photosensitizer in combination with UV light, Mirasol PRT.
  
  
  METHODS
  One billion T. cruzi organisms and 30 mL of 500 microM riboflavin were added to each of six units of human plasma and six units of platelets. To determine the level of detection of organism, a sample of each unit was cultured in tenfold serial dilutions beginning with 100 billion/250 mL as the starting culture. After 30 min, each unit was illuminated with 5.9 J/cm(2) of UV light (6.24 J/mL). The units were then cultured again in tenfold serial dilutions post-treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 6 log reduction of pathogens was demonstrated in 5 of 6 units of plasma, and a 7 log reduction of pathogens was demonstrated in one unit. A 6 log reduction of pathogens was demonstrated in 3 of 6 units of platelets, a 7 log reduction was demonstrated in 2 of 6 units of platelets, and an 8 log reduction of pathogens was demonstrated in 1 of 6 units.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mirasol PRT treatment demonstrated an ability to inactivate 5-7 logs of T. cruzi in plasma and platelets.
authors.affiliation: Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Department of Blood Research, Transfusion Medicine Branch, Silver Spring, MD 20910-7500, USA. Lisa.Cardo@us.army.mil
authors.forename: Lisa J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Cardo
authors.forename: Jeanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salata
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mendez
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Goodrich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001781:Blood Component Removal; D016913:Blood Component Transfusion / Q000379:methods; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D010949:Plasma / Q000187:drug effects / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D012016:Reference Values; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D012256:Riboflavin