title: Infliximab to treat chronic noninfectious uveitis in children: retrospective case series with long-term follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess a response to infliximab therapy in childhood uveitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the course of 16 children with noninfectious uveitis treated with infliximab at an academic medical center. Outcome measures included incidence of uveitis recurrences, proportion of patients achieving zero or two-step decline in ocular inflammation, visual acuity, and proportion discontinuing topical glucocorticoids at zero, three, six, nine, and 12 months of therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of sixteen children (29 affected eyes) with median age 11 years, six had associated extraocular inflammatory conditions. Fifteen of 16 were treated with concomitant methotrexate. Median follow-up was 26 months and median maintenance infliximab dose was 8.2 mg/kg. The median interval between infliximab infusions was 5.6 weeks. At one year, 64% achieved zero ocular inflammation, and 79% had zero inflammation or a two-step decline in inflammation. Topical glucocorticoids were discontinued in 69%, and 58% remained free of uveitis recurrence at one year. Visual acuity remained stable. Infliximab was discontinued in two children, one because of inefficacy and the other because of parental concern about potential side effects. No adverse events occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sixteen children with chronic, noninfectious uveitis tolerated chronic methotrexate and infliximab therapy. Visual acuity remained stable, control of ocular inflammation improved, and reliance on topical glucocorticoids decreased. High infliximab doses and frequent dosing intervals were necessary to control uveitis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. stacy.ardoin@duke.edu
authors.forename: Stacy P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Ardoin
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kredich
authors.forename: Egla
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rabinovich
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Schanberg
authors.forename: Glenn J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Jaffe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D000069285:Infliximab; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014605:Uveitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000069285:Infliximab; D008727:Methotrexate