title: Autofocusing for automated microscopic evaluation of blood smear and pap smear.
abstract: Autofocusing is a fundamental procedure towards automated microscopic evaluation of blood smear and pap smear samples for clinical diagnosis. This paper presents comparison results of 16 focus algorithms based on a total of 8000 bright-field images from 10 blood smear and pap smear samples. A ranking methodology adapted from our previously proposed ranking system is used for thoroughly evaluating the performance of the selected 16 focus algorithms. Experimental results demonstrate that the variance algorithm provides the best overall performance, which will be selected for our future implementation of an automated microscopic system for computer-assisted blood smear and pap smear evaluation. Together with our previously reported findings, we hypothesize that the variance algorithm or the Normalized variance algorithm is the optimal focus algorithm for all non- fluorescence microscopy applications.
authors.affiliation: Adv. Micro & Nanosyst. Lab., Toronto Univ., Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: X Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D001331:Automation; D001330:Electronic Data Processing; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008853:Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation; D015233:Models, Statistical; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D012984:Software; D002577:Uterine Cervical Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*