title: Expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors, Wilm's tumor-1 protein, c-kit and p16 in primary fallopian tube carcinoma in diabetic patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC) represents less than 1% of all gynecological malignancies and its association with diabetes mellitus is seldom reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report three cases of PFTC presented primarily as advanced ovarian cancer while the primary site totally silent. Two of them were diabetics and showed expression of insulin-like growth factor receptors, Wilm's tumor protein-1, c-kit and P16. In all these cases there was neither clinical nor perioperative suspicion of PFTC and the first clinical diagnosis was ovarian carcinoma which was supported by positive cytology for ascitic fluid and raised serum level of CA125. The diagnosis was only established after histopathologic examination of serial sections of the whole fallopian tube since we were able to demonstrate the continuity between the invasive and the in situ components of PFTC in the lining epithelial layer of the fallopian tube.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of malignant cells in the female pelvic organs without a mass should raise the possibility of primary fallopian tube carcinoma. Pre-operative diagnosis of PFTC is seldom made and most of the time the diagnosis is made after histopathological examination as in our cases. Diabetes mellitus can be a risk factor in the development of PFTC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. suhsalam@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Suhail
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Salam
authors.forename: Mouied
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alashari
authors.forename: Saad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghazal-Aswad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005185:Fallopian Tube Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000378:metabolism*; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D025721:WT1 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C000614131:CDKN2A protein, human; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D025721:WT1 Proteins; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1