title: Hippocampal atrophy and EEG markers in subjects with mild cognitive impairment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study evaluates the potential relationship between hippocampal atrophy and EEG brain rhythmicity, as assessed by relative band power and alpha frequency indices in a cohort of subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-eight subjects falling within the definition of MCI patients were enrolled. All subjects underwent EEG recording and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Volumetric morphometry estimates of the hippocampal region were computed. Individual EEG frequencies were indexed by the theta/alpha transition frequency (TF) and the individual alpha frequency (IAF). The relative power was separately computed for delta, theta, alpha1, alpha2 and alpha3 frequency bands. The MCI cohort was classified into four subgroups, based on the mean and standard deviations of the hippocampal volume of a normal elderly control sample.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The group with moderate hippocampal atrophy showed the highest increase in the theta power on frontal regions, and of the alpha2 and alpha3 powers on frontal and temporo-parietal areas. The analysis of the individual alpha frequency markers showed that the values for the alpha markers were highest in the group with the smallest hippocampal volume, whereas in the group with moderate hippocampal atrophy, these values were lower than in the group with severe atrophy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relationship between hippocampal atrophy and EEG activity changes in MCI subjects is not proportional to the hippocampal atrophy. Therefore, EEG markers could represent a new tool for differential diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hippocampal atrophy induces different brain synchronization/desynchronization patterns. EEG changes model the brain activity induced by a discrete change of the hippocampal volume. The changes in the EEG rhythmicity differ greatly from those in MCI patients with subcortical vascular damage.
authors.affiliation: IRCCS S Giovanni di Dio FBF, 25125, Brescia, Italy. davide.moretti@afar.it
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Moretti
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miniussi
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Frisoni
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Geroldi
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zanetti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Binetti
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Rossini
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000513:Alpha Rhythm; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001284:Atrophy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015415:Biomarkers; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D019579:Neocortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000503:physiopathology; D010507:Periodicity; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013826:Theta Rhythm
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers