title: Antagonistic effects of yohimbine in pigs anaesthetised with tiletamine/zolazepam and xylazine.
abstract: Twelve healthy two-month-old Landrace x Yorkshire pigs of both sexes were randomly assigned to receive either tiletamine and xylazine (zx) or zolazepam and xylazine followed 20 minutes later by yohimbine (zxy). The pigs' scores for immobilisation and analgesia, and their rectal temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, pO(2), pCO(2), alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose and total plasma proteins were determined before and five, 25, 45, 65 and 85 minutes after the administration of the tiletamine/zolazepam and xylazine. The mean total scores for immobilisation and analgesia of the zxy pigs were significantly lower than those of the zx pigs after 85 minutes. The mean rectal temperatures of the zxy pigs were significantly lower than those of zx pigs after 25, 45 and 65 minutes. The mean respiratory rates of the zx pigs were significantly lower than those of zxy pigs after five minutes. The mean pCO(2) of the zxy pigs were significantly lower than those of zx pigs five minutes after the administration of yohimbine. The mean glucose concentration of the zxy pigs were significantly lower than those of zx pigs after 65 and 85 minutes. The mean concentration total protein of the zxy pigs were significantly lower than those of zx pigs throughout the period of anaesthesia. Both groups became laterally recumbent within three minutes. When recovering from anaesthesia, the pigs treated with yohimbine took significantly less time to achieve sternal recumbency (mean [sd] 52.2 [8.9] v 76.2 [20.6] minutes) and less time to be able to stand (mean [sd] 77.0 [9.8] v 98.7 [15.8] minutes), and walk (mean [sd] 81.3 [11.3] v 110.8 [18.6] minutes).
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 220 Kungdong, Yoosung-Gu, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: M-J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: C-S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: M-H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: M-C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D013552:Swine / Q000502:physiology*; D013992:Tiletamine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014991:Xylazine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015041:Zolazepam / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D014991:Xylazine; D015016:Yohimbine; D013992:Tiletamine; D015041:Zolazepam