title: Complete vaginal obstruction with hematometra after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has become a curative treatment modality for many patients with malignant hematologic diseases. Despite impressive advances in the management of allo-HSCT, graft vs. host disease (GvHD) is a frequent complication that significantly contributes to the morbidity and mortality associated with transplantation and is a significant obstacle to overcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  An unusual case of hematocolpometra secondary to vaginal stenosis occurred as a manifestation of chronic GvHD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Management of vaginal stenosis and stricture formation as a manifestation of chronic GvHD consists of surgery with lysis of adhesions. Return of anatomic distortion to normal is followed by vaginal dilatation. Later, local estrogen cream and sexual activity help to avoid further adhesion formation.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Alexandra Hospital, University of Athens.
authors.forename: Alexandros
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodolakis
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thomakos
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harhalakis
authors.forename: Thomais
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iconomou
authors.forename: Aris
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antsaklis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D006409:Hematometra / Q000209:etiology*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000601:surgery*; D014623:Vaginal Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery