title: A novel panel of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease versus normal aging and frontotemporal dementia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An early and accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is important in order to initiate symptomatic treatment with currently approved drugs and will be of even greater importance with the advent of disease-modifying compounds.
  
  
  METHODS
  Protein profiles of human cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with AD (n = 85), frontotemporal dementia (n = 20), and healthy controls (n = 32) were analyzed by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry to verify previously discovered biomarkers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We verified 15 protein biomarkers that were able to differentiate between AD and controls, and 7 of these 15 markers also differentiated AD from FTD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A panel of cerebrospinal fluid protein markers was verified by a proteomics technology which may potentially improve the accuracy of the AD diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Biomarker Discovery Center Facility, Ciphergen Biosystems Inc., Copenhagen, Denmark. asimonsen@ciphergen.com
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Simonsen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Podust
authors.forename: N-O
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Hagnelius
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kapaki
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vassilopoulos
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Waldemar
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers; D053379:Chromogranin A / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D012259:Ribonuclease, Pancreatic / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C506150:CHGA protein, human; C525030:CST3 protein, human; D053379:Chromogranin A; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins; D012259:Ribonuclease, Pancreatic