Control of mother-to-child transmission of infectious diseases in Brazil: progress in HIV/AIDS and failure in congenital syphilis.
In Brazil, syphilis and HIV infection are considered serious public health problems. However, in practice, epidemiological surveillance, prevention measures, and prenatal care seem to be more effective in the control of mother-to-child transmission of the HIV than in the control of transmission of the Treponema pallidum. Here we discuss the differences in surveillance, prenatal care, and care of the newborn. Important differences were identified. It is concluded that there is an urgent need to establish prevention of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis as a public health priority, using an integrated approach including women's health, children's health, primary health care, and STD/AIDS programs on all governmental levels. These issues also need to be discussed with all stakeholders involved. Important aspects related to the problem are the training of public health professionals, as well as the participation of the community. The elimination of congenital syphilis does not require expensive drugs, and diagnostic tools, but a long-term sustainable approach.
Ramos
Alberto Novaes
AN
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil. novaes@ufc.br
Matida
Luiza Harunari
LH
Saraceni
Valéria
V
Veras
Maria Amélia de S M
MA
Pontes
Ricardo José Soares
RJ
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D001938:Brazil; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; D011295:Prenatal Care; D013590:Syphilis, Congenital / Q000628:therapy / Q000635:transmission*