title: Examining the Down syndrome advantage: mothers and fathers of young children with disabilities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Across studies and across outcomes, parents of children with Down syndrome have been found to experience greater well-being than parents of children with other intellectual disabilities (ID). This study examined the extent to which differences in family income and child temperamental difficulty can explain why parents of children with Down syndrome experience greater well-being.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty married couples who were parents of young children with ID completed a set of questionnaires measuring child temperament, parent satisfaction with social support, depression and parenting beliefs. Parents were observed interacting with their children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When groups were compared without consideration of demographic differences, the findings generally replicated the Down syndrome advantage found by other researchers. After variance attributable to income was removed, however, the Down syndrome advantage disappeared for all parenting and parent wellness measures. The effects of child temperament were confined to maternal and paternal depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Family income was more important than child etiology in predicting the parent measures used in the study.
authors.affiliation: Institute on Human Development and Disability, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA. zo@ihdd.uga.edu
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Stoneman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019988:Children with Disabilities; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005220:Fathers; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers