[The study of vascular lesion using ultrasound in children with a history of Kawasaki disease].
OBJECTIVE
To explore the endothelial function, carotid artery stiffness index and carotid intima-media thickness in children with a history of Kawasaki disease (KD).


METHODS
A cohort of 204 children was studied, which comprised 51 patients with Kawasaki disease with coronary artery lesion (CAL group), 50 patients with Kawasaki disease with normal coronary arteries (normal coronary arteries group), and 103 healthy age matched children (control group). Their systemic blood pressure, fasting cholesterol concentrations, flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, carotid artery stiffness index and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were compared.


RESULTS
FMD of the brachial artery in CAL group (5.2% +/- 1.9%) and normal coronary arteries group (6.8% +/- 2.0%) were significantly lower than that of control group (13.2% +/- 4.1%, both P < 0. 01); carotid artery stiffness index in CAL group (4.0 +/- 0.6) was significantly greater than that of normal coronary arteries group (3.6 +/- 0.6) and control group (3.4 +/- 0.5, P = 0.05, P < 0.01); likewise, IMT in CAL group (0.447 mm +/- 0.024 mm) was significantly higher than that of normal coronary arteries group (0.426 mm +/- 0.016 mm) and control group (0.424 mm +/- 0.016 mm, both P < 0.01). In multiple linear regression analysis, age and patient grouping were significant determinants of carotid artery stiffness index, FMD and IMT. There were significant correlations between carotid artery stiffness index, FMD and IMT in both healthy group and KD group after adjustment of age.


CONCLUSIONS
There were endothelial dysfunction and increased systemic arterial stiffness and IMT late after the acute phase of Kawasaki disease. flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery, carotid artery stiffness index combined carotid intima-media thickness can evaluated completely the prognosis of vascular lesion in convalescence after KD.
Liu
Xiao-qin
XQ
Center of Cardiovascular Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Huang
Guo-ying
GY
Liang
Xue-cun
XC
Tao
Zi-yu
ZY
Chen
Wei-da
WD
Lin
Qi-shan
QS
D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003289:Convalescence; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology