title: Association of blood pressure, obesity and serum homocysteine levels in healthy children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obesity, hypertension and total serum homocysteine levels are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adults. However, there is limited data on the relation of these risk factors in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five hundred twenty-four healthy school children aged 6-15 years participated in the study. BMI were used to categorize our subjects in normal overweight and obese groups based on Internationally Obesity Task Force criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 21.1% and 8.4% for boys and 17.6% and 7.3% for girls, respectively. Diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and waist circumference (WC) were significantly higher in overweight and obese group compared to normal ones, whereas for homocysteine levels no difference was observed. Based on the results derived from the multiple regression analysis, BMI was positively related to energy intake (beta=0.247, p<0.001) and WC (beta=0.014, p<0.001). Both SBP and DBP were positively related to age ([beta=0.251, p<0.001] and [beta=0.301, p<0.001, respectively]), and BMI ([beta=0.096, p<0.001] and [beta=0.022, p<0.001], respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study revealed an association of blood pressure and WC with overweight and obesity in children, and even though these children may not have increased homocysteine levels, they still have enough reasons to reduce weight in order to avoid cardiovascular disease in their life later on.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine, Ahepa General Hospital, Greece. papandreoudimitrios@yahoo.gr
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Papandreou
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rousso
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Makedou
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arvanitidou
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mavromichalis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000097:blood; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D006710:Homocysteine; D005492:Folic Acid; D014805:Vitamin B 12