Cerebral protection: sites of arterial cannulation and brain perfusion routes.
Brain perfusion for adequate cerebral protection has changed over the years. The limitations of the time during total circulatory arrest with deep hypotermia, the inefficient cerebral metabolism during retrograde perfusion and special care to prevent cerebral embolism during antegrade perfusion have resulted in the development of different methods of cerebral protection during the evolution of aortic arch operations. Antegrade cerebral perfusion associated with moderate hypothermia is today, considered the best option for cerebral protection.
Dias
Ricardo Ribeiro
RR
Heart Institute of the Hospital das Clínicas, Medicine School of the University of São Paulo. diasrr@hotmail.com
Silva
Isaac Azevedo
IA
Fiorelli
Alfredo Inácio
AI
Stolf
Noedir Antonio Groppo
NA
D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000601:surgery*; D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D001366:Axillary Artery / Q000601:surgery; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000601:surgery; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced; D006801:Humans; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced / Q000379:methods; D010477:Perfusion / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D013348:Subclavian Artery / Q000601:surgery