title: Noninsertional Achilles tendinopathy.
abstract: The treatment of noninsertional Achilles tendinopathy remains, to a large extent, empirical. Neither different operative techniques nor nonoperative regimes have been subjected to controlled trials. Rather, the condition is still treated on the basis of anecdotal evidence combined with personal experience. However, increased knowledge of the basic science of tendinopathy and tendon healing has directed therapeutic regimens and will continue to do so. Manipulation of proteolytic enzymes and control of neovascularization are probably the two areas that show most promise.
authors.affiliation: Wirral Hospitals NHS Trust, Upton, Wirral, CH49 5PE, UK. mchenno@btinternet.com
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hennessy
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Molloy
authors.forename: Simon W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Sturdee
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon; D006801:Humans; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D014945:Wound Healing