title: Using a hypothetical scenario to inform psychiatric advance directives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study addressed whether a hypothetical psychiatric scenario is a feasible approach for eliciting psychiatric treatment preferences and identified consumer preferences regarding involuntary care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community-residing adults with serious mental illness (N=150) voluntarily completed the Health Care Preferences Questionnaire to determine treatment preferences in response to the use of psychiatric medications, seclusion and restraint, and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). A vignette was used to determine preferences first with respect to an imaginary patient and then with respect to the respondent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Few participants were distressed by the psychiatric scenario (7%). In regard to their own care, in an emergency most participants supported the use of involuntary treatments (medications, 70%; medication injection, 76%; and seclusion and restraint, 73%), with the exception of ECT (quick treatment, 32%; if life is in danger, 60%). Participants were less likely to support treatments for themselves than for an imaginary patient. The majority (65%) identified specific medication preferences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Scenarios about the state of medical and psychiatric health are a feasible method of identifying treatment preferences. They are well tolerated and may serve as a model for assisting persons with serious mental illness in considering difficult treatment decisions.
authors.affiliation: Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH, USA.
authors.forename: Aricca D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Van Citters
authors.forename: Umadevi
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Naidoo
authors.forename: Mary Ellen
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Foti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016223:Advance Directives / Q000523:psychology*; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires