title: Cognitive behavioral therapy for functional dysphonia: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to investigate whether a brief period of training in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can improve the treatment of functional dysphonia by a speech and language therapist and ameliorate the psychological distress associated with this condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a consecutive cohort design, a speech and language therapist treated a small cohort (n = 15) of dysphonic patients with voice therapy alone. After a brief period of CBT training, she treated the next cohort of dysphonic patients (n = 13) with CBT-enhanced voice therapy. Pretreatment and posttreatment measures were taken of voice quality and voice-related quality of life. The General Health Questionnaire 28 and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used to assess psychological distress and general well-being.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All voice measures improved significantly in both cohorts. Both groups improved significantly on the General Health Questionnaire 28, with the CBT group improving significantly more than the control group. Only the CBT group improved significantly on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (depression subscale).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite limitations of size, design, and between-group baseline differences, the results support the hypothesis that the addition of CBT skills to existing voice therapy is both feasible and clinically effective in the treatment of functional dysphonia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Paressa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Daniilidou
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carding
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drinnan
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Deary
mesh_terms: D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D014833:Voice Quality