title: Measurement of heart sounds with EMFi transducer.
abstract: A measurement system for heart sounds was implemented by using ElectroMechanical Film (EMFi). Heart sounds are produced by the vibrations of the cardiac structure. An EMFi transducer attached to the skin of the chest wall converts these mechanical vibrations into an electrical signal. Furthermore, the signal is amplified and transmitted to the computer. The data is analyzed with Matlab software. The low-frequency components of the measured signal (respiration and pulsation of the heart) are filtered out as well as the 50 Hz noise. Also the power spectral density (PSD) plot is computed. In test measurements, the signal was measured with respiration and by holding breath. From the filtered signal, the first (S1) and the second (S2) heart sound can be clearly seen in both cases. In addition, from the raw data signals the respiration frequency and the heart rate can be determined. In future applications, with the EMFi material it is possible to implement a plaster-like transducer measuring vital signals.
authors.affiliation: Measurement and Information Technology, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 692, Tampere, FI-33101 Finland. satu.karki@tut.fi
authors.forename: Satu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kärki
authors.forename: Minna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kääriäinen
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lekkala
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006326:Heart Auscultation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006347:Heart Sounds / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008365:Manometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013018:Sound Spectrography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D014159:Transducers; D014732:Vibration