title: Effect of natural antioxidants on oxidative stability of cooked, refrigerated beef and pork.
abstract: The effect of grape seed extract (GS; 0.01% and 0.02%), oleoresin rosemary (OR; 0.02%) and water-soluble oregano extract (WS; 0.02%) on oxidative and color stability of cooked beef and pork patties stored at 4 degrees C for 8 d was determined. Fresh beef or pork lean and trim were ground, mixed (30% fat), and divided into 5 portions. Antioxidants mixed with salt (2%) were added. Patties were formed, cooked to an internal temperature of 71 degrees C, overwrapped in PVC, and stored at 4 degrees C. Lipid oxidation, assessed using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and sensory evaluation, instrumental and visual color, and pH were determined after 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 d. Based on TBARS values and off-odors associated with lipid oxidation such as rancidity, wet cardboard (for beef patties), and grassy (for beef and pork patties), grape seed extract resulted in the best antioxidant activity in both meat species. It did not change instrumental color measures of redness, yellowness, or color intensity, and appeared to reduce visual green discoloration in beef patties. The higher GS concentration (0.02%) exhibited more antioxidant activity than the lower concentration (0.01%). Therefore, grape seed extract at 0.02% has the potential to reduce oxidative rancidity and improve shelf life of refrigerated cooked beef and pork patties.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition, 202 ABL, 1302 W. Pennsylvania, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Brewer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D003296:Cooking / Q000379:methods*; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008460:Meat; D009812:Odorants; D031341:Origanum; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D011786:Quality Control; D012034:Refrigeration / Q000379:methods*; D027542:Rosmarinus; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013552:Swine; D013649:Taste; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D027843:Vitis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; C018620:oleoresins; D012965:Sodium Chloride