title: High dose adenosine for suboptimal myocardial reperfusion after primary PCI: A randomized placebo-controlled pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to investigate the influence of high dose intracoronary adenosine on persistent ST-segment elevation after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  After successful PCI for acute myocardial infarction 40-50% of patients show persistent ST-segment elevation indicating suboptimal myocardial reperfusion. Adenosine has been studied to ameliorate reperfusion and is frequently used in a variety of doses, but there are no prospective studies to support its use for treatment of suboptimal reperfusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a blinded, randomized, and placebo-controlled study with high dose intracoronary adenosine in 51 patients with <70% ST-segment resolution (STRes) after successful primary PCI. All patients were treated with stents and abciximab.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immediately after adenosine, significantly more patients showed optimal (>70%) STRes compared with placebo (33% versus 9%, P < 0.05). Mean STRes was higher after adenosine (35.4% versus 23.0%, P < 0.05). In addition, TIMI frame count was significant lower (15.7 versus 30.2, P < 0.005), Myocardial Blush Grade was higher (2.7 versus 2.0, P < 0.05) and resistance index was lower in the adenosine group (0.70 versus 1.31 mm Hg per ml/min, P < 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intracoronary adenosine accelerates recovery of microvascular perfusion in case of persistent ST segment elevation after primary PCI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands. m.stoel@ziekenhuis-mst.nl
authors.forename: Martin G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Stoel
authors.forename: Koen M J
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.forename: Carel C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: de Cock
authors.forename: Jean G F
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Bronzwaer
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: von Birgelen
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zijlstra
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D036502:Infusions, Intralesional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion / Q000379:methods; D011336:Probability; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000241:Adenosine