Recent advances in plant hepatoprotectives: a chemical and biological profile of some important leads.
Medicinal plants have been traditionally used for treating liver diseases since centuries. Several leads from plant sources have been found as potential hepatoprotective agents with diverse chemical structures. Although, a big list of hepatoprotective phytomolecules was reported in the scientific literature, only a few were potent against various types of liver damages. Of which, silymarin, andrographolide, neoandrographolide, curcumin, picroside, kutkoside, phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, and glycyrrhizin have largely attracted the scientific community. This review focuses discussion on the chemistry, biological activity, mode of action, toxicity, and future prospects of these leads.
Negi
Arvind S
AS
Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, PO CIMAP, Lucknow, India. arvindcimap@rediffmail.com
Kumar
J K
JK
Luqman
Suaib
S
Shanker
Karuna
K
Gupta
M M
MM
Khanuja
S P S
SP
D000818:Animals; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D003474:Curcumin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D017705:Lignans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D010944:Plants; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D012838:Silymarin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity
D002934:Cinnamates; D016207:Cytokines; D004224:Diterpenes; D005960:Glucosides; D017705:Lignans; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; D012838:Silymarin; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes; C504394:kutkoside; C512682:hypophyllanthin; C030419:andrographolide; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; C517985:phyllanthin; D003474:Curcumin; C082497:neoandrographolide