title: Two cases of Plasmodium vivax Malaria with the clinical picture resembling toxic shock.
abstract: Fatal complications of Plasmodium falciparum malaria have been reported. However, complicated P. vivax malaria is rare. We observed two unusual cases of P. vivax malaria who presented with clinical pictures of toxic shock. Both showed disseminated intravascular coagulation with marked thrombocytopenia, oliguric renal failure, and pulmonary edema. Examination of initial blood smears showed a P. vivax parasitemia of 2,352/microL and 12,376/microL, respectively. The patients were treated with hydroxychloroquine and primaquine without an antibacterial agent. These cases emphasize the importance of considering the possibility of P. vivax malarial infection in patients with a clinical picture resembling toxic shock if they have a travel history to malaria-endemic areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Cheong Won
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: You Mee
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.forename: Jeong Yun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeong Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyo Joong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Chi Hoon
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chae Seung
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Hee Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cheong
authors.forename: Woo Joo
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D016780:Malaria, Vivax / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000469:parasitology; D014195:Travel