title: Acute neuropathogenicity with experimental infection of equine herpesvirus 9 in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Equine herpesvirus 9 (EHV-9) is a new neurotropic equine herpesvirus which induced encephalitis in a variety of animals. However, there was no information on the susceptibility of EHV-9 in primates.
  
  
  METHODS
  To assess the infectivity of EHV-9, four common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) were inoculated by the nasal route with 10(6) plaque-forming units of EHV-9.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All of the inoculated animals exhibited various neurological signs progressing to collapse. Histologically, the affected animals had severe encephalitis characterized by neuronal degeneration and necrosis with intranuclear inclusion bodies, which extended from the olfactory bulb to the rhinencephalon and piriform lobe. Immunohistochemistry revealed EHV-9 antigens in degenerating neuronal cells. The nasal cavity had severe necrotizing rhinitis with prominent intra-nuclear inclusion bodies in the olfactory mucosa. These findings indicate that the marmosets are susceptible to EHV-9.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yanai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yomemaru
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masegi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukushi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuraishi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kai
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D002144:Callithrix; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000473:pathology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018140:Varicellovirus / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral