title: Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha in mononuclear phagocytes infected with Leishmania amazonensis.
abstract: Increasing evidence indicates that hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) can be upregulated in different cell types by nonhypoxic stimuli such as growth factors, cytokines, nitric oxide, lipopolysaccharides and a range of infectious microorganisms. In this study, the ability of the following mononuclear phagocytes to express HIF-1alpha is reported: mouse macrophages (mMPhi), human macrophages (hMPhi) and human dendritic cells (DC), parasitized in vitro with Leishmania amazonensis; as assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy. A logical explanation for HIF-1alpha expression might be that the mononuclear phagocytes became hypoxic after L. amazonensis infection. Using the hypoxia marker pimonidazole, observation revealed that L. amazonensis-infected cells were not hypoxic. In addition, experiments using a HIF-1alpha inhibitor, CdCl(2), to treat L. amazonensis-infected macrophage cultures showed reduced parasite survival. These studies indicated that HIF-1alpha could play a role in adaptative and immune responses of mononuclear phagocytes presenting infection by the parasite L. amazonensis.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6109, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Degrossoli
authors.forename: Maira Cegatti
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bosetto
authors.forename: Camila Bárbara Cantalupo
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Selma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giorgio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology*; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D007894:Leishmania mexicana / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009593:Nitroimidazoles / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D009593:Nitroimidazoles; C033815:pimonidazole; D019256:Cadmium Chloride