title: Association of changes in oxidative and proinflammatory states with changes in vascular function after a lifestyle modification trial among obese children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association of changes in oxidative and proinflammatory states with vascular function after diet and exercise intervention among obese children has not been previously explored.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this 6-week diet and exercise intervention study in 35 obese children, age 12 to 18 years, we evaluated the relationship between changes in anthropometric indices, measures of insulin resistance, C-reactive protein (CRP), oxidized LDL (ox-LDL), and oxidative stress markers with changes in carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) and flow mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the end of the study, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and percentage body fat were decreased (P <0.05), but participants remained overweight (BMI > or = 95th percentile). Although FMD improved (P <0.05), the improvement in C-IMT did not reach statistical significance. The changes in BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, ox-LDL, malondialdehyde (MDA), CRP, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) had an inverse correlation with the changes in mean FMD after adjustment for age and sex, with the highest correlations documented for ox-LDL, CRP, and WC. The age- and sex-adjusted changes in ox-LDL, waist circumference, CRP, MDA, and body fat mass had the highest correlations with changes in C-IMT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that a common inflammatory stress condition associated with childhood obesity, notably with abdominal fat deposition, may play a role in the development of the earliest stages of proatherosclerotic inflammatory processes and subsequent vascular dysfunction. These changes might be partially reversible by short-term diet and exercise intervention, even if patients do not reach ideal body weight.
authors.affiliation: Preventive Pediatric Cardiology Department, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. kroya@aap.net
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelishadi
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.forename: Noushin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mohammadifard
authors.forename: Sedigheh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asgary
authors.forename: Noushin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khavarian
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002648:Child; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018384:Oxidative Stress
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers