title: [Life-threatening acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with Crohn's disease].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed at evaluating the frequency of acute severe bleeding in CD and its potential association to some risk factors, including clinical features of CD, environmental factors, and genetic alterations.
  
  
  METHODS
  174 consecutive patients with CD (103 female (59%) and 71 men (41%), with a mean age of 37 years) were included. We analyzed all major acute lower gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage related to CD. Potential risk factors like smoking, site of disease, and presence of gene mutations in CARD15, TLR-4, and CD14 were also analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three patients (1.7%) suffered from severe acute lower GI bleeding. All patients required surgery to resolve their hemorrhage, and this indication represented 3.4% of all surgical procedures related to CD. All three patients were young ( < 25 years) and suffered ileal CD with inflammatory pattern (L1-B1 in the Vienna Classification). No relationship was found between acute bleeding and any of the potential risk factors evaluated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute severe GI bleeding is a rare, but severe complication in CD patients, and presents mainly in patients with inflammatory ileal disease. An association of endoscopy and arteriography is necessary for diagnosis. Urgent surgery is usually required in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Clínico Universitario, C/ Choupana, s/n. 15706 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain. manubarreiro@hotmail.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barreiro de Acosta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seijo Ríos
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Domínguez Muñoz
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000150:complications*; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies