title: Ultrasound of the fingers for human identification using biometrics.
abstract: It was hypothesized that the use of internal finger structure as imaged using commercially available ultrasound (US) scanners could act as a supplement to standard methods of biometric identification, as well as a means of assessing physiological and cardiovascular status. Anatomical structures in the finger including bone contour, tendon and features along the interphalangeal joint were investigated as potential biometric identifiers. Thirty-six pairs of three-dimensional (3D) gray-scale images of second to fourth finger (index, middle and ring) data taken from 20 individuals were spatially registered using MIAMI-Fuse software developed at our institution and also visually matched by four readers. The image-based registration met the criteria for matching successfully in 14 out of 15 image pairs on the same individual and did not meet criteria for matching in any of the 12 image pairs from different subjects, providing a sensitivity and specificity of 0.93 and 1.00, respectively. Visual matching of all image pairs by four readers yielded 96% successful match. Power Doppler imaging was performed to calculate the change in color pixel density due to physical exercise as a surrogate of stress level and to provide basic physiological information. (E-mail: gnarayan@umich.edu).
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. gnarayan@umich.edu
authors.forename: Ganesh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Narayanasamy
authors.forename: J Brian
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Fowlkes
authors.forename: Oliver D
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Kripfgans
authors.forename: Jon A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Maeseneer
authors.forename: Rainer M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Carson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001699:Biometry / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color