title: Phosphorylation of PML is essential for activation of C/EBP epsilon and PU.1 to accelerate granulocytic differentiation.
abstract: Promyelocytic leukemia (PML) is a nuclear protein that functions as a regulator of transcription, cell proliferation, apoptosis and myeloid cell differentiation. PML is subjected to post-translational modifications such as sumoylation and phosphorylation. However, the physiological significance of these modifications, especially for myeloid cell differentiation, remains unclear. In this report, we found that four serine residues in the PML C-terminal region are highly phosphorylated in a myeloid cell line. Wild-type PML accelerated G-CSF-induced granulocytic differentiation, but a phosphorylation-deficient PML mutant failed. PML interacted with C/EBP epsilon, a transcription factor essential for granulopoiesis, activated C/EBP epsilon-mediated transcription in concert with p300 and accelerated C/EBP epsilon-induced granulocytic differentiation. Phosphorylation of PML was required for stimulating C/EBP epsilon-dependent transcription and accelerating C/EBP epsilon-induced granulocytic differentiation. We also found that PML phosphorylation was required for stimulation of PU.1-dependent transcription and acceleration of PU.1-induced granulocytic differentiation. These results suggest that phosphorylation plays essential roles in the regulation of PML to accelerate granulocytic differentiation through multiple pathways.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tagata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kitabayashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D051379:Mice; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D000071156:Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099232:Proto-Oncogene Protein Spi-1
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000071156:Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D000099232:Proto-Oncogene Protein Spi-1; C489468:Cebpe protein, mouse; C513293:Pml protein, mouse