title: Simple one-step extraction and cleanup by pressurized liquid extraction for gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of pesticides in green leafy vegetables.
abstract: A simple one-step extraction and cleanup using a pressurized liquid extraction method was developed for the gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of pesticides in vegetables. The pressurized liquid extraction conditions were optimized and cleanup agents were evaluated. The investigated pesticides included six insecticides, chlorpyrifos methyl, pirimiphos-methyl, malathion, chlorpyrifos, O-ethyl O-4-nitrophenylphenyl phosphonothioate (EPN) and permethrins, a fungicide, isoprothiolane, and a herbicides, thiobencarb. The cleanup agent and a mixture of the vegetable and anhydrous sodium sulfate were separately packed in an extraction vessel. A transparent and colorless extract was obtained using graphitized carbon as the cleanup agent. The overall recoveries were 71-103% and the relative standard deviations ranged from 5.6 to 24%. The limit of detection values were 3-8 microg kg(-1). This method was successfully applied to green leafy vegetables.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Applied Life Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku Niigata, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Tomiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asada
authors.forename: Kikuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oikawa
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawata
mesh_terms: D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues