title: Positron emission tomography in interstitial lung disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A high rate of glycolysis may reflect the inflammatory activity of interstitial lung disease (ILD). This prospective study investigated whether PET can distinguish IPF, a primarily fibrotic process, from other entities of ILD that have a marked inflammatory component.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one patients referred for surgical lung biopsy because of diffuse ILD underwent PET at the time of the lung biopsy. PET transmission scans were obtained after injecting (18)FDG intravenously. Regions of interest (ROI) were drawn on the lung images, and the standardized uptake value (SUV) was calculated for these ROI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 21 patients studied, 14 had IPF, four had non-specific interstitial pneumonia, and the remaining three patients each had respiratory bronchiolitis-ILD, sarcoidosis and Langerhan's cell histiocytosis. There was no statistically significant difference in the SUV between IPF patients and non-IPF patients (P = 0.26), although patients with IPF tended to have higher SUV. Radiographic changes tended to be more prominent in the lung bases in patients with IPF compared with non-IPF patients; however, the median ratio of SUV measured in the upper fields to the whole lungs in IPF patients was not significantly different compared with the median ratio in non-IPF patients (P = 0.31).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PET does not allow differentiation of IPF from a non-IPF diffuse interstitial pulmonary process.
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Pulmonology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. samjack@shani.net
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nusair
authors.forename: Rina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rubinstein
authors.forename: Nanette M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Freedman
authors.forename: Gail
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Amir
authors.forename: Naama R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Bogot
authors.forename: Uzi
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Izhar
authors.forename: Raphael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Breuer
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*