title: Antenatal post-hemorrhagic ventriculomegaly: a prospective follow-up study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and the severity of neurological and cognitive impairment at 2 years of age in 16 infants (9 term born, 7 preterm of mean gestation 33.6 weeks) with cerebral ventriculomegaly of antenatal onset associated with intraventricular haemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ventricular dilatation, with or without associated lesions, was, with one exception, not identified on the antenatal routine scan at approximately 22 weeks but was obvious on the scans performed between weeks 27 and 33. In 8 of the 16 cases there were signs of parenchymal involvement or of abnormalities of the corpus callosum or cerebellum. In all patients the diagnosis of antenatal IVH was confirmed by early neonatal imaging. Outcome was measured using the Hammersmith infant neurological examination and the Griffiths developmental scales at 2 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At 2 years, 8 infants had normal motor outcome and 8 had cerebral palsy. The presence and severity of cerebral palsy or neurodevelopmental delay was not always related to the magnitude or symmetry of the ventricular dilatation per se. The presence of associated lesions was a negative prognostic marker. The early development of epilepsy was also associated with an abnormal outcome.
authors.affiliation: Neonatology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luciano
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baranello
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Masini
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gallini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ciotti
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Serrao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Santis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zecca
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zuppa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Romagnoli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Rocco
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guzzetta
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mercuri
mesh_terms: D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000209:etiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000209:etiology; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods