title: Human fear-related motor neurocircuitry.
abstract: Using functional magnetic resonance imaging and an experimental paradigm of instructed fear, we observed a striking pattern of decreased activity in primary motor cortex with increased activity in dorsal basal ganglia during anticipation of aversive electrodermal stimulation in 42 healthy participants. We interpret this pattern of activity in motor neurocircuitry in response to cognitively-induced fear in relation to evolutionarily-conserved responses to threat that may be relevant to understanding normal and pathological fear in humans.
authors.affiliation: Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Box 140, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA. tab2006@med.cornell.edu <tab2006@med.cornell.edu>
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tuescher
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Engelien
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Weisholtz
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Root
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Protopopescu
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Cunningham-Bussel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: X-H
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Phelps
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ledoux
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Silbersweig
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000679:Amygdala / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen