title: Dendritic cell based personalized immunotherapy based on cancer antigen research.
abstract: Human tumor antigens were identified using various immunological and genetic methods, and immune responses to the identified antigens were evaluated in cancer patients. Autologous tumor specific unique antigens derived from genetic alterations in cancer cells were isolated from patients with favorable prognosis after immunotherapy, indicating that they are attractive targets for immunotherapy. Immunogenicity of shared antigens was found to differ among patients due to antigen expression in cancer cells and patients' immunoreactivity. These observations suggest that personalization may be applied for cancer immunotherapy. We therefore developed intratumoral DC administration protocols that are able to induce immune responses to both unique and shared tumor antigens expressed in each individual cancer. By combining cryoablative tumor pretreatment and TLR stimulated DC, the anti-tumor effect of the intratumoral DC administration was significantly augmented in a murine tumor model. This improved protocol enhanced systemic induction of anti-tumor CD8+ CTL, and was able to regress relatively large remote untreated tumors. In clinical trials, systemic immune induction was observed by intratumoral DC administration following cryoablative tumor treatment, although anti-tumor effects are relatively weak, indicating that additional interventions are required for more effective immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. yutakawa@sc.itc.keio.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Tomonobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Udagawa
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yaguchi
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: Qinfu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Starlyn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: Yuriko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sumimoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000737:chemistry*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000378:metabolism; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000379:methods; D051379:Mice; D008957:Models, Genetic; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines