Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in colorectal cancer treatment: what's new?
Colorectal cancer constitutes one of the most common malignancies and the second leading cause of death from cancer in the western world representing one million new cases and half a million deaths annually worldwide. The treatment of patients with metastatic colon cancer comprises different regimens of chemotherapeutic compounds (fluoropyrimidines, irinotecan and oxaliplatin) and new targeted therapies. Interestingly, most recent trials that attempt to expose patients to all five-drug classes (fluoropyrimidines, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, bevacizumab and cetuximab) achieve an overall survival well over 2 years. In this review we will focus on the main epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors demonstrating clinical benefit for colorectal cancer mainly cetuximab, panitumumab, erlotinib and gefitinib. We will also describe briefly the molecular steps that lie beneath them and the different clinical or molecular mechanisms that are reported for resistance and response.
Ponz-Sarvisé
M
M
Department of Oncology, University Clinic, University of Navarra, Pio XII, 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain.
Rodríguez
J
J
Viudez
A
A
Chopitea
A
A
Calvo
A
A
García-Foncillas
J
J
Gil-Bazo
I
I
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases