CNS or bone marrow involvement as risk factors for poor survival in post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders in children after solid organ transplantation.
OBJECTIVE
To identify prognostic factors of survival in pediatric post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) after solid organ transplantation.


METHODS
A multicenter, retrospective case analysis of 55 pediatric solid organ graft recipients (kidney, liver, heart/lung) developing PTLD were reported to the German Pediatric-PTLD registry. Patient charts were analyzed for tumor characteristics (histology, immunophenotypes, cytogenetics, Epstein-Barr virus [EBV] detection), stage, treatment, and outcome. Probability of overall and event-free survival was analyzed in defined subgroups using univariate and Cox regression analyses.


RESULTS
PTLD was diagnosed at a median time of 29 months after organ transplantation, with a significantly shorter lag time in liver (0.83 years) versus heart or renal graft recipients (3.33 and 3.10 years, respectively; P = .001). The 5-year overall and event-free survival was 68% and 59%, respectively, with 59% of patients surviving 10 years. Stage IV disease with bone marrow and/or CNS involvement was associated independently with poor survival (P = .0005). No differences in outcome were observed between early- and late-onset PTLD, monomorphic or polymorphic PTLD, and EBV-positive or EBV-negative PTLD, respectively. Patients with Burkitt or Burkitt-like PTLD and c-myc translocations had short survival (< 1 year).


CONCLUSIONS
Stage IV disease is an independent risk factor for poor survival in pediatric PTLD patients. Prospective multicenter trials are needed to delineate additional risk factors and to assess treatment approaches for pediatric PTLD.
Maecker
Britta
B
Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. maecker.britta@mh-hannover.de
Jack
Thomas
T
Zimmermann
Martin
M
Abdul-Khaliq
Hashim
H
Burdelski
Martin
M
Fuchs
Alexandra
A
Hoyer
Peter
P
Koepf
Sabine
S
Kraemer
Ulrike
U
Laube
Guido F
GF
Müller-Wiefel
Dirk E
DE
Netz
Heinrich
H
Pohl
Martin
M
Toenshoff
Burkhard
B
Wagner
Hans-Joachim
HJ
Wallot
Michael
M
Welte
Karl
K
Melter
Michael
M
Offner
Gisela
G
Klein
Christoph
C
D000293:Adolescent; D001855:Bone Marrow Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis