title: Ultrasound guided reduction of intussusception with saline and comparison with operative treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reduction of intussusception under ultrasound guidance by saline has become popular in recent years. However, methods, duration of the procedure and causes of failure are not defined. In this study, we reviewed the patients who underwent ultrasound (US) guided saline reduction and compared them with those who were previously managed by operative intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with severe peritonitis or perforation, those over 3 years or younger than 1 month were excluded. Saline was applied by anus. Entry of saline into the ileum was the main indicator for successful reduction. Dramatic improvement in the clinical findings was considered as an additional sign of successful reduction. No limit was imposed on duration of the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hydrostatic reduction was successful in 41 out of 51 patients with intussusception. In three patients with partial resolution, hydrostatic reduction was attempted later and total reduction was achieved. No perforation or other complications were seen. In ten cases with reduction failure, one had an ileal lymphoma and another one had a duplication cyst as lead points.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  US guided hydrostatic reduction for childhood ileocolic intussusception is safe and, painless, has a high success rate and avoids radiation exposure risk. Presence of ultrasonographic and clinical changes is the best indicator of a successful reduction. In some cases, a second attempt may be necessary for reduction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sişli Etfal Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. btander@omu.edu.tr
authors.forename: Burak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tander
authors.forename: Didem
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baskin
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Candan
authors.forename: Muzaffer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Başak
authors.forename: Müjdat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bankoğlu
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004733:Enema; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007077:Ileal Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D007223:Infant; D007443:Intussusception / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride