title: Taxonomic heterogeneity, as shown by siderotyping, of strains primarily identified as Pseudomonas putida.
abstract: One hundred and forty-four fluorescent pseudomonad strains isolated from various environments (soil, water, plant rhizosphere, hospital) and received as Pseudomonas putida (83 strains), P. putida biovar A (49 strains), P. putida biovar B (10 strains) and P. putida biovar C (2 strains), were analysed by the pyoverdine-isoelectrofocusing and pyoverdine-mediated iron uptake methods of siderotyping. Both methods demonstrated a great diversity among these strains, which could be subdivided into 35 siderovars. Some siderovars specifically included strains that have subsequently been transferred to well-defined Pseudomonas species, e.g. Pseudomonas monteilii or Pseudomonas mosselii, or which could be related by their siderotype to Pseudomonas jessenii or Pseudomonas mandelii. Other siderovars included strains sharing a high level of DNA-DNA relatedness (>70%), thus demonstrating that siderotyping could easily circumscribe strains at the species level. However, a group of seven strains, including the type strain, P. putida ATCC 12633T, were allocated into four siderovars, despite sharing DNA-DNA relatedness values of higher than 70 %. Interestingly, the strong genomic relationships between these seven strains were supported by the structural relationships among their pyoverdines, thus reflecting their phylogenetic affinities. These results strongly support the view that pyoverdine-based siderotyping could be used as a powerful tool in Pseudomonas taxonomy.
authors.affiliation: Département Génétique Moléculaire, Génomique, Microbiologie, UMR 7653, Université Louis-Pasteur, 28 rue Goethe, 67000-Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Marie
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Département Génétique Moléculaire, Génomique, Microbiologie, UMR 7653, Université Louis-Pasteur, 28 rue Goethe, 67000-Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gruffaz
authors.affiliation: Département Génétique Moléculaire, Génomique, Microbiologie, UMR 7653, Université Louis-Pasteur, 28 rue Goethe, 67000-Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Topi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tulkki
authors.affiliation: Service de Microbiologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, 3 rue du Professeur Laguesse, BP 83, 59006 Lille Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Izard
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D001692:Biological Transport; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016958:Pseudomonas putida / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017262:Siderophores / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009842:Oligopeptides; D017262:Siderophores; C042453:pyoverdin; D007501:Iron