title: Development of macular hole and macular retinoschisis in eyes with myopic choroidal neovascularization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the chorioretinal atrophy (ChRA) adjacent to a choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is related to the development of a macular hole or macular retinoschisis in highly myopic eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and eighty-one eyes of 125 patients with high myopia were divided into three groups: group 1 had a myopic CNV surrounded by ChRA larger than 1 disk area (43 eyes), group 2 had a myopic CNV surrounded by a ChRA smaller than 1 disk area (45 eyes), and group 3 did not have CNV (93 eyes). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to evaluate the macular morphologic features, for example, macular holes and macular retinoschisis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A macular hole was detected by OCT in six eyes (14%) in group 1 and in none of the eyes in groups 2 and 3. The hole always existed at the border between an old CNV and the surrounding ChRA. A macular retinoschisis was detected in four eyes (9%) in group 1 and in eight eyes (9%) in group 3. The macular retinoschisis seen in group 1 appeared markedly less column-like than those in group 3. It was somewhat difficult to differentiate a retinal detachment from retinoschisis in the eyes in group 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Eyes at the atrophic stage of myopic CNV have a higher risk of developing a macular hole, and we recommend periodic OCT examinations for macular holes or macular retinoschisis, even in asymptomatic, highly myopic eyes, after the CNV has progressed to the atrophic stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohno-Matsui
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Soh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Futagami
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tokoro
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001284:Atrophy; D002829:Choroid / Q000473:pathology; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047728:Myopia, Degenerative / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D041441:Retinoschisis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence