title: Effects of the ethanol extract of the roots of Brassica rapa on glucose and lipid metabolism in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The antidiabetic efficacy of turnip (Brassica rapa) roots ethanol extract (TE) was investigated in type 2 diabetic animals.
  
  
  METHODS
  C57BL/KsJ-db/db (db/db) mice and db/+ mice were used and the db/db mice were divided into control, TE (0.26 g/100g diet) and rosiglitazone (RG, 0.005 g/100g diet) groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite hyperinsulinemia, the glucokinase activity was lower in the liver of the db/db mice than the db/+ mice, while the glucose-6-phosphatase activity was higher. TE and RG improved the glucose and insulin tolerance and lowered the blood glycosylated hemoglobin, plasma insulin, C-peptide and glucagon levels as well as reversed these hepatic glucose regulating enzyme activities in db/db mice. TE also increased the insulin/glucagon ratio and hepatic glycogen content. The plasma free fatty acid and plasma and hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride levels were higher in the db/db mice than db/+ mice. Interestingly, TE and RG lowered these plasma and hepatic lipids, and simultaneously reduced the hepatic phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, HMG-CoA reductase, ACAT, beta-oxidation and carnitine palmitoyl transferase activities. Furthermore, TE lowered the hepatic fatty acid synthase activity, hepatic lipid droplets accumulation, and adipose tissue weight and size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest TE may exert an antidiabetic effect in type 2 diabetic mice by enhancing the glucose and lipid metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sank-Yuk, Daegu 702701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Un Ju
authors.initials: UJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Nam-In
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Hae-Gon
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Myun-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: Tae-Sook
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Kyung Tae
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Mi-Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hye-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jiyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: Myung-Sook
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D029741:Brassica rapa / Q000737:chemistry*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000431:Ethanol; D005941:Glucokinase / Q000378:metabolism; D005952:Glucose-6-Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D000431:Ethanol; D005941:Glucokinase; D005952:Glucose-6-Phosphatase; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones