title: Orthologous microRNA genes are located in cancer-associated genomic regions in human and mouse.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate differentiation and development in many organisms and play an important role in cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using a public database of mapped retroviral insertion sites from various mouse models of cancer we demonstrate that MLV-derived retroviral inserts are enriched in close proximity to mouse miRNA loci. Clustered inserts from cancer-associated regions (Common Integration Sites, CIS) have a higher association with miRNAs than non-clustered inserts. Ten CIS-associated miRNA loci containing 22 miRNAs are located within 10 kb of known CIS insertions. Only one CIS-associated miRNA locus overlaps a RefSeq protein-coding gene and six loci are located more than 10 kb from any RefSeq gene. CIS-associated miRNAs on average are more conserved in vertebrates than miRNAs associated with non-CIS inserts and their human homologs are also located in regions perturbed in cancer. In addition we show that miRNA genes are enriched around promoter and/or terminator regions of RefSeq genes in both mouse and human.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We provide a list of ten miRNA loci potentially involved in the development of blood cancer or brain tumors. There is independent experimental support from other studies for the involvement of miRNAs from at least three CIS-associated miRNA loci in cancer development.
authors.affiliation: Australian Research Council (ARC) Special Research Centre for Functional and Applied Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Igor V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Makunin
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pheasant
authors.forename: Cas
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simons
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Mattick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics*; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D016662:Virus Integration
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs