title: Cocaine and metabolites urinary excretion after controlled smoked administration.
abstract: Understanding cocaine and metabolites urinary excretion following smoking is important for interpretation of urine test results in judicial, workplace and treatment settings. In National Institute on Drug Abuse approved studies on a secure research unit, six subjects smoked placebo, 10, 20, and 40 mg cocaine with a precise dose delivery device and six different subjects smoked 42 mg cocaine in a glass pipe. Urine specimens (n = 700) were collected for up to seven days and analyzed for cocaine (COC), benzoylecgonine (BE), ecgonine methylester (EME), m-hydroxybenzoylecgonine (mOHBE), p-hydroxybenzoylecgonine (pOHBE), norbenzoylecgonine (NBE), and ecgonine (EC) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results (mean +/- SE) for the 40-mg precise delivery doses are as follows: (Table can not be represented) Mean C(max) for all analytes linearly increased with increasing dose. T(max) was not dose-dependent. All metabolites were detected in some subjects within 2 h. EC concentrations were significantly higher after smoked cocaine in a precise delivery coil compared to a glass "crack" pipe.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. mhuestis@intra.nida.nih.gov
authors.forename: Marilyn A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Huestis
authors.forename: W David
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Darwin
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shimomura
authors.forename: Shairose A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Lalani
authors.forename: Daniel V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Trinidad
authors.forename: Amanda J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Cone
authors.forename: Aaron J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Buddha D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Paul
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016578:Crack Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008297:Male; D012907:Smoking; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D016578:Crack Cocaine