title: Clinical presentation and treatment of type 2 diabetes in children.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has dramatically increased throughout the world in many ethnic groups and among people with diverse social and economic backgrounds. This increase has also affected the young such that over the past decade, the increase in the number of children and youth with T2DM has been labeled an 'epidemic'. Before the 1990s, it was rare for most pediatric centers to have significant numbers of patients with T2DM. However, by 1994, T2DM patients represented up to 16% of new cases of diabetes in children in urban areas and by 1999, depending on geographic location, the range of percentage of new cases because of T2DM was 8-45% and disproportionately represented among minority populations. Although the diagnosis was initially regarded with skepticism, T2DM is now a serious diagnostic consideration in all young people who present with signs and symptoms of diabetes in the USA.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: Orit
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pinhas-Hamiel
authors.forename: Phil
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zeitler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017668:Age of Onset; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003927:Diet, Diabetic; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin