Antiviral activity of esterified alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin against herpes simplex virus type 1. Comparison with the effect of acyclovir and L-polylysines.
The antiviral activity of methylated alpha-lactalbumin (Met-ALA), methylated and ethylated beta-lactoglobulins (Met- and Et-BLG) was evaluated against acyclovir (ACV)-sensitive and -resistant strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and compared to that of ACV and L-polylysines (4-15 kDa) using fixed or suspended Vero cell lines. Esterified whey proteins and their peptic hydrolyzates displayed protective action against HSV-1, which was relatively lower than that induced by ACV or L-polylysines. The higher activity of L-polylysines was maintained against an ACV-resistant strain of HSV-1, whereas ACV lost much of its activity. The mean 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was about 0.8-0.9 microg/mL for L-polylysines against ACV-sensitive and -resistant strains of HSV-1 when using two concentrations of virus (50% and 100% cytopathic effect, CPE). The IC50 values of ACV against the sensitive strain of HSV-1 were 3 and 15 microg/mL when using the low and high concentrations of virus, respectively. When using 50% CPE, IC50 values for esterified whey proteins ranged from 20 to 95 microg/mL, depending on the nature of the ester group, the degree of esterification, and the nature of the protein. Using the real-time PCR technique, it was shown that Met-ALA inhibited HSV-1 replication.
Sitohy
Mahmoud
M
UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 44300 Nantes, France.
Billaudel
Sylviane
S
Haertlé
Thomas
T
Chobert
Jean-Marc
JM
D000212:Acyclovir / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D004951:Esterification; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects*; D007768:Lactalbumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007782:Lactoglobulins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008745:Methylation; D011107:Polylysine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014709:Vero Cells
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007782:Lactoglobulins; D011107:Polylysine; D007768:Lactalbumin; D000212:Acyclovir