title: CNS or bone marrow involvement as risk factors for poor survival in post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders in children after solid organ transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify prognostic factors of survival in pediatric post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) after solid organ transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multicenter, retrospective case analysis of 55 pediatric solid organ graft recipients (kidney, liver, heart/lung) developing PTLD were reported to the German Pediatric-PTLD registry. Patient charts were analyzed for tumor characteristics (histology, immunophenotypes, cytogenetics, Epstein-Barr virus [EBV] detection), stage, treatment, and outcome. Probability of overall and event-free survival was analyzed in defined subgroups using univariate and Cox regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PTLD was diagnosed at a median time of 29 months after organ transplantation, with a significantly shorter lag time in liver (0.83 years) versus heart or renal graft recipients (3.33 and 3.10 years, respectively; P = .001). The 5-year overall and event-free survival was 68% and 59%, respectively, with 59% of patients surviving 10 years. Stage IV disease with bone marrow and/or CNS involvement was associated independently with poor survival (P = .0005). No differences in outcome were observed between early- and late-onset PTLD, monomorphic or polymorphic PTLD, and EBV-positive or EBV-negative PTLD, respectively. Patients with Burkitt or Burkitt-like PTLD and c-myc translocations had short survival (< 1 year).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stage IV disease is an independent risk factor for poor survival in pediatric PTLD patients. Prospective multicenter trials are needed to delineate additional risk factors and to assess treatment approaches for pediatric PTLD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. maecker.britta@mh-hannover.de
authors.forename: Britta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maecker
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jack
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.forename: Hashim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abdul-Khaliq
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Burdelski
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hoyer
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koepf
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: Guido F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Laube
authors.forename: Dirk E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Müller-Wiefel
authors.forename: Heinrich
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Netz
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pohl
authors.forename: Burkhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Toenshoff
authors.forename: Hans-Joachim
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wallot
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Welte
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Melter
authors.forename: Gisela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Offner
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001855:Bone Marrow Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis