title: Pap smear screening history of women with squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the cervix.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since the introduction of the Pap smear screening, the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has decreased significantly, but the incidence of adenocarcinoma (AC) relative to SCC has increased.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the Pap smear history of patients with AC and SCC of the cervix.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients for the study were identified from the database of Queensland Centre for Gynaecological Cancer. Patients with AC and SCC were matched for age at diagnosis and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage. The final population included 188 matched pairs, being 376 patients in total. Data were collected upon the histological type of cancer, result of the most recent Pap smear, date and result of the Pap smear prior to the most recent Pap smear and symptoms. Chi-squared tests and Fisher's exact test were used to compare the two patient groups for several variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with AC had significantly more false-negative results on their most recent Pap smear (P<0.0001) than patients with SCC. The incidence of symptoms such as bleeding and/or vaginal discharge was comparable in patients with AC and SCC. The time between the most recent Pap smear and the diagnosis of cervical cancer was significantly shorter for patients with AC (P=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with AC had Pap smears more regularly than those with SCC, and their most recent Pap smear was significantly more likely to be normal. Thus, Pap smear prior to a diagnosis of AC is more likely than SCC false-negative and therefore not indicative of cervical cancer.
authors.affiliation: Central Clinical Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Queensland, and Queensland Centre for Gynaecological Cancer, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Sok Cheon
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Pak
authors.forename: Martje
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martens
authors.forename: Ruud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bekkers
authors.forename: Alex J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Crandon
authors.forename: Russell
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Land
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Nicklin
authors.forename: Lewis C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Perrin
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Obermair
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*