title: Symptom experience and quality of life of women following breast cancer treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies have examined the correlates of breast cancer-related symptoms that persist posttreatment and determined the relationship between symptoms and quality of life (QOL).
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based sample of women in the United States with stage 0-II breast cancer (n = 1372) completed a survey including the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Breast Cancer-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire. Described are the presence and frequency of 13 symptom scales and their associations with 10 QOL dimensions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All study participants had completed primary treatment (surgery and radiation and/or chemotherapy, if applicable). Mean time from initial surgical treatment to completion of the questionnaire was 7.2 months (range 0.5-14.9 months). Mean number of symptoms reported was 6.8, with the 5 most common symptom scales being systemic therapy side effects (87.7%), fatigue (81.7%), breast symptoms (72.1%), sleep disturbance (57.1%), and arm symptoms (55.6%). Younger age and poorer health status at diagnosis were associated with worse symptoms. Fatigue had the greatest impact on QOL, with significant differences between those with high and low fatigue across 7 QOL dimensions. Sociodemographic, prior health status, clinical, and treatment/diagnostic factors explained only 9%-27% of the variance in QOL outcomes. Adding symptom experience increased the variance explained to 18%-60%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More attention to the reduction and management of disease and treatment-related symptoms could improve QOL among women with breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2029, USA. nkjanz@umich.edu
authors.forename: Nancy K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Janz
authors.forename: Mahasin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mujahid
authors.forename: Lynna K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Paula M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Lantz
authors.forename: Sarah T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Hawley
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.forename: Kendra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D015984:Causality; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005221:Fatigue / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010146:Pain / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D016387:Women's Health