title: Acute alcohol intoxication potentiates neutrophil-mediated intestinal tissue damage after burn injury.
abstract: This study examined whether acute alcohol (EtOH) intoxication before burn injury potentiates postburn intestinal tissue damage and whether neutrophils have any role in the damage under those conditions. Male rats ( approximately 250 g) were gavaged with EtOH to achieve a blood EtOH level of approximately 100 mg/dL or with saline and received either approximately 12.5% or approximately 25% total body surface area (TBSA) burn or sham injury. Rats were killed at 4 or 24 h after injury, and various parameters were measured. As compared with sham animals, burn injury alone (regardless of size) resulted in a significant increase in intestinal tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO; an index of neutrophil infiltration) activity and IL-18 levels 4 h after injury. Furthermore, rats receiving 25% TBSA, but not 12.5%, burn exhibited intestine edema. The IL-18 and MPO activity were normalized at 24 h after injury in rats receiving 12.5% TBSA burn, whereas these parameters remained elevated at 24 h in rats with 25% burn. The presence of EtOH in rats at the time of burn injury exacerbated the levels of IL-18, MPO activity, and edema at 4 and 24 h after burn injury. Treatment of rats with anti-IL-18 antibodies or with antineutrophil antiserum prevented the increase in the above parameters after EtOH and burn injury, except that the depletion of neutrophils did not prevent the IL-18 increase. In summary, these findings suggest that acute EtOH intoxication exacerbates postburn intestinal tissue damage after burn injury, and that it is, in part, neutrophil mediated.
authors.affiliation: Center for Surgical Research and Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Martin G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Schwacha
authors.forename: Irshad H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Chaudry
authors.forename: Mashkoor A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Choudhry
mesh_terms: D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002056:Burns / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004487:Edema / Q000503:physiopathology; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology; D010539:Permeability; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D020382:Interleukin-18; D009195:Peroxidase