Performance of bioaugmentation-assisted phytoextraction applied to metal contaminated soils: a review.
Bioaugmentation-assisted phytoextraction is a promising method for the cleaning-up of soils contaminated by metals. Bacteria mainly Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and fungi mainly Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) associated with hyperaccumulating or non-hyperaccumulating plants were analyzed on the basis of a bioprocess engineering approach (concentration and amount of metals extracted by plants, translocation and bioconcentration factor, and plant biomass). In average bioaugmentation increased metals accumulated by shoots by a factor of about 2 (metal concentration) and 5 (amount) without any obvious differences between bacteria and fungi. To optimize this process, new relevant microorganism-plant associations and field scale experiments are needed along with a common methodology for the comparison of all experiments on the same basis. Recommendations were suggested concerning both the microbial-plant selection and the implementation of bioaugmentation to enhance the microbial survival. The use of microbial consortia associated with plant was discussed notably for multi-contaminated soils.
Lebeau
Thierry
T
Equipe Dépollution Biologique des Sols (EDBS), University of Haute-Alsace, 28, rue de Herrlisheim, BP 50 568, 68 008 Colmar Cedex, France. thierry.lebeau@uha.fr
Braud
Armelle
A
Jézéquel
Karine
K
D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D008670:Metals / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000378:metabolism; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism; D012230:Rhizobiaceae / Q000378:metabolism; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity
D008670:Metals; D012989:Soil Pollutants