title: Clinical pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin-glycine acetate after intravenous and oral administration in pigs.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of norfloxacin-glycine acetate (NFLXGA) was investigated in pigs after a single intravenous (i.v.) or oral (p.o.) administration at a dosage of 7.2 mg/kg body weight. After both i.v. and p.o. administration, plasma drug concentrations were best fitted to an open two-compartment model with a rapid distribution phase. After i.v. administration of NFLXGA, the distribution (t(1/2alpha)) and elimination half-life (t(1/2beta)) were 0.36 +/- 0.07 h and 7.42 +/- 3.55 h, respectively. The volume of distribution of NFLXGA at steady state (Vd(ss)) was 4.66 +/- 1.39 l/kg. After p.o. administration of NFLXGA, the maximal absorption concentration (C(max)) was 0.43 +/- 0.06 microg/ ml at 1.36 +/- 0.39 h (T(max)). The mean absorption (t(1/2ka)) and elimination half-life (t(1/2beta)) of NFLXGA were 0.78 +/- 0.27 h and 7.13 +/- 1.41 h, respectively. The mean systemic bioavailability (F) after p.o. administration was 31.10 +/- 15.16%. We suggest that the optimal dosage calculated from the pharmacokinetic parameters is 5.01 mg/kg per day i.v. or 16.12 mg/kg per day p.o.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Zhi-Qiang
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Byung-Chol
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Jong-Choon
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyu-Shik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Myung-Heon
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyo-In
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Mi-Hyun
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Seung-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005998:Glycine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006207:Half-Life; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D009643:Norfloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013552:Swine / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C106482:norfloxacin-glycine acetate; D009643:Norfloxacin; D005998:Glycine