title: Viscero-somatic reflexes in referred pain areas evoked by capsaicin stimulation of the human gut.
abstract: The interaction between visceral pain and the sympathetic nervous system is only sparsely investigated in quantitative human studies. Referred visceral pain can be evoked experimentally by application of substances such as capsaicin (the pungent substance of chilli pepper) to the gut. The aim of the present study was to induce referred visceral pain from the small and large intestine in 32 volunteers via the stomal opening in patients with ileo- or colostomy and quantify the viscero-somatic reflex responses in these referred pain areas by thermography and laser doppler flowmetry. Capsaicin evoked pain and referred pain areas in all subjects. In the referred pain area, the temperature increased by approximately 0.6 degrees C (P<0.001) and the blood flow by approximately 35AU (P<0.001). Saline was used in a control experiment, and no temperature and blood flow changes were found. The present quantitative human study of viscero-somatic reflexes showed dramatic sympathetic responses in the referred pain areas after experimentally induced gut pain.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Experimental Pain Research, Center for Sensory-Motor Interactions, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7, D3, DK-9220 Aalborg E, Denmark. LAN@HST.AAU.DK
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arendt-Nielsen
authors.forename: Klaus-Peter
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Schipper
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dimcevski
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sumikura
authors.forename: Anne Lund
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Krarup
authors.forename: Maria Adele
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Giamberardino
authors.forename: Asbjørn Mohr
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Drewes
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000344:Afferent Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology; D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D003106:Colon / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D053591:Referred Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012867:Skin / Q000294:innervation*; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013817:Thermography; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002211:Capsaicin