title: Does current asthma control predict future health care use among black preschool-aged inner-city children?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Factors predictive of future asthma must be identified among young inner-city children, who suffer disproportionately from asthma. We investigated whether current asthma control predicts future asthma-related health care use among inner-city preschool-aged children with asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 150 inner-city preschool-aged children with asthma were followed prospectively for 6 months. At baseline, symptom frequency and reliever-medication use were assessed to classify children into National Asthma Education and Prevention Program-derived control categories. Long-term controller-medication use was also assessed, as well as asthma-related health care use at baseline and at 3 and 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 4.4 years, 92% were black, and 39% reported long-term controller use. At baseline, 37% were classified as having mild-intermittent, 17% had mild-persistent, 21% had moderate-persistent, and 25% had severe-persistent asthma control. Significant changes in asthma control were observed over time, including 46% of children originally categorized with mild-intermittent asthma who had worsened asthma control by 3 months. Asthma control significantly predicted future health care use 3 months later but not 6 months later. Multivariate analyses showed that, once control status was known, reported use of long-term controller medication added little additional predictive value.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among inner-city preschool-aged children, significant fluctuations in asthma control occur as early as 3 months after assessment. Poor control but not long-term controller-medication use is an independent predictor of future asthma-related health care use at 3 months but is not significantly predictive of 6-month outcomes. Therefore, clinicians caring for inner-city children with asthma should consider reassessing asthma control at least every 3 months to identify those at highest future risk and to provide early interventions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Hemant P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Elizabeth C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Peyton A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Eggleston
authors.forename: Nadia N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Hansel
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Curtin-Brosnan
authors.forename: Gregory B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Diette
mesh_terms: D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D044383:Black People; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014504:Urban Health / Q000639:trends*; D014505:Urban Population / Q000639:trends
chemical_list: D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents