title: Voltammetric insights in the transfer of ionizable drugs across biomimetic membranes: recent achievements.
abstract: The latest results of voltammetric research on the ionic transfer process of ionisable drugs across bare and lipid-modified liquid-liquid interfaces are reviewed. In recent years, two voltammetric methods have been extensively applied to this purpose, i.e. the classical four electrode voltammetry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions, and the "three-phase electrode." Thus, a brief background of the methodologies and some successful examples of their application are highlighted in this work. Particular attention is given to the ionic transfer kinetics and to the electrochemical characterization of the drug-membrane interactions between the ionized drugs and lipid-modified interfaces. Future trends in this area are also mentioned in connection with high-throughput assessment of ADMET properties of drugs.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigação Química - UP L4, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Rubin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gulaboski
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.forename: Carlos M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: M Natália D S
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Cordeiro
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garrido
authors.forename: A Fernando
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D004563:Electrochemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D007700:Kinetics; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D012997:Solvents