title: Placenta-derived, cellular messenger RNA expression in the maternal blood of preeclamptic women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform gene expression profiling and real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis to identify biomarkers of preeclampsia in cellular messenger RNA (mRNA) from maternal blood.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a microarray analysis with five maternal blood samples from women with preeclampsia and five matched control subjects. Up-regulated gene expression was further analyzed through reverse-transcription PCR analysis with 28 consecutive blood samples from women affected with preeclampsia and 29 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both pregnancy-specific beta1 glycoprotein and trophoblast glycoprotein were selected based on microarray analysis. Reverse-transcription PCR analysis detected significantly increased mRNA concentrations among women in the preeclampsia group. When stratified according to mild or severe preeclampsia, 19.2-fold and 41.8-fold increases in pregnancy-specific beta1 glycoprotein and 8.3-fold and 10.6-fold increases in trophoblast glycoprotein were observed, respectively. Among women with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count syndrome, 51.6-fold and 13.1-fold increases in pregnancy-specific beta1 glycoprotein and trophoblast glycoprotein were observed, respectively. In the preeclampsia group, pregnancy-specific beta1 glycoprotein correlated with severity of proteinuria (P<.001) and systolic blood pressure (P=.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mRNA expression of pregnancy-specific beta1 glycoprotein and trophoblast glycoprotein is up-regulated in cells circulating within blood from women with preeclampsia, and pregnancy-specific beta1 glycoprotein expression is positively correlated with the clinical severity of preeclampsia.
  
  
  METHODS
  II.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shiho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sekizawa
authors.forename: Yuditiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Purwosunu
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farina
authors.forename: Noroyono
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wibowo
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000235:genetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011268:Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011268:Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C063709:trophoblastic glycoprotein 5T4, human