title: Patients' complaints in a hospital emergency department in Singapore.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study analysed the complaint rates, profile and trend, and complainant profile of patients' complaints received by the National University Hospital Emergency Medicine Department. An earlier ten-year study (1986-1995) was done on the complaint profile.
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of all patients' complaints, solicited and unsolicited, from January 2002 to December 2003, were retrieved from the Medical Affairs and Quality Improvement Unit files. Complaint profile analysed was reason, validity, and outcome of complaint and staff category involved. Complainant profile analysed was relationship of complainant to patient, ethnic group, gender and residence type of the complainant; and age group and triage category of the patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complaint case rate was 1.17 per 1,000 visits, with 1.27 complaints per complaint case. The complaints were organisation/logistics (49.0 percent), communication (26.0 percent), standard of care (22.9 percent) and other issues (1.3 percent). Most standard of care (76.0 percent) and half of organisation/logistics complaints (46.8 percent) were not valid. Most communication complaints were valid (73.7 percent) and involved all staff categories equally. Most complaints (82.8 percent) were resolved with an explanation/apology. Age group specific and triage-specific complaint rates were highest among adult patients and among priority 3 patients, respectively; ethnic group and gender-specific complaint rates were highest among Chinese patients and among female patients, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Staff-patient communication and organisation/logistics must be continually improved to reduce complaints, while upholding a good standard of care. These would translate into cost savings for all parties. There must also be appropriate checks and balances particularly where complaints are not valid, so that doctors can practice cost-effective medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Services, Alexandra Hospital, Level 3 Admin Block, 378 Alexandra Road, Singapore 159964. lilian_wong@alexhosp.com.sg.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Goh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003142:Communication; D003625:Data Collection; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D011787:Quality of Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012737:Sex Factors; D012846:Singapore; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014218:Triage / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data