[Incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus].
Preeclampsia (PE) is a complication unique to human pregnancy. Up to 39% of pregnant women suffering from type 1 diabetes (T1DM) are affected. It is supposed, that hyperglycemia, causing vascular endothelial dysfunction in placental vessels is the major mechanism, leading to PE.


OBJECTIVE
To study the incidence of PE in women with T1D and to study the correlation between development of PE and metabolic control of diabetes.


METHODS
105 pregnant women'with successful pregnancy outcome, suffering from TID have been included in a prospective study during the period 2002-2005. Starving, postprandial blood glucose and HbA1c have been measured at 12 wks and at 36 wks of gestation. The influence of risk factors has been assessed.


RESULTS
The incidence of PE in the studied group is 28.6%. HbA1-c in women developing PE is significantly higher (8.2 +/- 1.6 and 7.6 +/- 1.2; P = 0.02 respectively). Hyperglycemia during pregnancy is a reliable predictor for development of PE. Elevation of HbA1-c with 1% is associated with 1.43 times increased risk for PE (OR = 1.43; 95% Cl = 1.11-12.7; P = 0.03). Combination of hyperglycemia and diabetic vascular disease increases significantly the risk for PE- OR 1.17 with 88.6% predictive value (P = 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
Normoglycaemic control of diabetes before and during pregnancy could reduce the incidence of PE.
Todorova
K
K
Ivanov
S
S
Zakharieva
S
S
Batashki
I
I
D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002031:Bulgaria / Q000453:epidemiology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies
D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human