title: FACT contrast sensitivity as a diagnostic tool in glaucoma: FACT contrast sensitivity in glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate spatial-contrast sensitivity (CS) assessment as a tool for diagnosis of early glaucoma in patients with good visual acuity.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective cross-sectional study we evaluated one eye of 50 patients with primary open angle or normotensive glaucoma who were newly diagnosed. All met the 0.6, or better, vision requirement. CS was measured at 1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 18 cycles per degree (cpd) spatial frequencies for one luminance level (85 cd/m2) using the functional acuity contrast test (FACT). Visual fields were evaluated using the Humphrey 750i field analyzer and the 30-2 standard full threshold program. The results from the visual acuity and CS assessments were compared with results for 20 age-matched control subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CS scores were significantly lower at all spatial frequencies for the glaucoma patients than for the control subjects. The sensitivity of CS measurements was generally around 50%. Specificity ranged between 68 and 100%. FACT CS scores of less than 22 at 12 cpd spatial frequency provided sensitivity and specificity values concomitantly exceeding 60%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both the presence of a significant difference between the CS of glaucoma patients and control subjects and a high specificity of contrast sensitivity suggests that the FACT test may be used as a tool for diagnosis of patients with glaucoma, besides other methods such as short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP).
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Altunizade Mah., Okulcikmazi Sok. No: 11/5, Usküdar, 34660, Istanbul, Turkey. sumruo_md@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Sumru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Onal
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yenice
authors.forename: Sezen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cakir
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Temel
mesh_terms: D015350:Contrast Sensitivity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D058609:Visual Field Tests; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology