Morphological and chemical analysis of bone substitutes by scanning electron microscopy and microanalysis by spectroscopy of dispersion energy.
This study evaluated the morphological and chemical composition of the following bone substitutes: cancellous and cortical organic bovine bone with macro and microparticle size ranging from 1.0 to 2.0 mm and 0.25 to 1.0 mm, respectively; inorganic bovine bone with particle size ranging from 0.25 to 1.0 mm; hydroxyapatite with particle size ranging from 0.75 to 1.0 mm; and demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft with particle size ranging from 0.25 to 0.5 mm. The samples were sputter-coated with gold in an ion coater, the morphology was observed and particle size was measured under vacuum by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chemical composition was evaluated by spectroscopy of dispersion energy (EDS) microanalysis using samples without coating. SEM analysis provided visual evidence that all examined materials have irregular shape and particle sizes larger than those informed by the manufacturer. EDS microanalysis detected the presence of sodium, calcium and phosphorus that are usual elements of the bone tissue. However, mineral elements were detected in all analyzed particles of organic bovine bone except for macro cancellous organic bovine bone. These results suggest that the examined organic bovine bone cannot be considered as a pure organic material.
da Cruz
Gabriela Alessandra
GA
Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. gabyccruz@fop.unicamp.br
de Toledo
Sérgio
S
Sallum
Enilson Antonio
EA
de Lima
Antonio Fernando Martorelli
AF
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D015925:Cryopreservation; D003648:Decalcification Technique; D017886:Durapatite / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D005612:Freeze Drying; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D016062:Porosity; D012964:Sodium / Q000032:analysis; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D008903:Minerals; D010758:Phosphorus; D017886:Durapatite; D012964:Sodium; D002118:Calcium