HIV-1 integrase inhibitors: 2005-2006 update.
HIV-1 integrase (IN) catalyzes the integration of proviral DNA into the host genome, an essential step for viral replication. Inhibition of IN catalytic activity provides an attractive strategy for antiretroviral drug design. Currently two IN inhibitors, MK-0518 and GS-9137, are in advanced stages of human clinical trials. The IN inhibitors in clinical evaluation demonstrate excellent antiretroviral efficacy alone or in combination regimens as compared to previously used clinical antiretroviral agents in naive and treatment-experienced HIV-1 infected patients. However, the emergence of viral strains resistant to clinically studied IN inhibitors and the dynamic nature of the HIV-1 genome demand a continued effort toward the discovery of novel inhibitors to keep a therapeutic advantage over the virus. Continued efforts in the field have resulted in the discovery of compounds from diverse chemical classes. In this review, we provide a comprehensive report of all IN inhibitors discovered in the years 2005 and 2006.
Dayam
Raveendra
R
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.
Gundla
Rambabu
R
Al-Mawsawi
Laith Q
LQ
Neamati
Nouri
N
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015195:Drug Design; D019427:HIV Integrase / Q000378:metabolism*; D019428:HIV Integrase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data
D019428:HIV Integrase Inhibitors; D019427:HIV Integrase; C514801:p31 integrase protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1