title: Simultaneous islet-kidney vs pancreas-kidney transplantation in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a 5 year single centre follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the long-term outcomes--in terms of glucose control, renal function and procedure-related complications--of simultaneous islet-kidney (SIK) transplantation with those of simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  HbA1c, need for insulin, GFR and complication rate were compared between 13 recipients of SIK and 25 recipients of SPK transplants at the same institution. The mean follow-up was 41 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two primary organ non-functions occurred in the SIK group. HbA1c did not differ at any time point during follow-up in the SIK group compared with the SPK group (mean during follow-up 6.3 vs 5.9%). Similarly, kidney function over time was not different between the two groups. A higher rate of insulin independence following SPK transplantation (after 1 year 96 vs 31% in the SIK group) was counterbalanced by a higher rate of serious adverse events (40% relaparotomies vs 0% in the SIK group).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The endogenous insulin production achieved by islet transplantation, combined with optimal insulin therapy, was sufficient for maintaining near-normal glucose levels. In terms of glucose control, islet transplantation provides results comparable to those achieved with pancreas transplantation. However, SPK results in a higher rate of insulin independence, albeit at the cost of more surgical complications. These results have led to a new paradigm in islet transplantation at our institution, where the primary goal is not insulin independence, but good glucose control and avoidance of severe hypoglycaemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Gerber
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pavlicek
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Demartines
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zuellig
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pfammatter
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wüthrich
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Spinas
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lehmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism*; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human