title: Atmospheric concentrations, dry deposition and air-soil exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in an industrial region in Turkey.
abstract: Concurrent ambient air and dry deposition samples were collected during two sampling periods at the Aliaga industrial region in Izmir, Turkey. Sigma 15-PAH (particulate+gas) concentrations ranged between 7.3 and 44.8 ng m(-3) (average+/-S.D., 25.2+/-8.8 ng m(-3)) and 10.2-71.9 ng m(-3) (44.1+/-16.6 ng m(-3)) in summer and winter, respectively. Winter/summer individual ambient PAH concentration ratios ranged between 0.8 (acenaphthene) and 6.6 (benz[a]anthracene) indicating that wintertime concentrations were affected by residential heating emissions. In contrast to the ambient concentrations, summation operator(15)-PAH particle dry deposition fluxes were higher in summer (5792+/-3516 ng m(-2)day(-1), average+/-S.D.) than in winter (2650+/-1829 ng m(-2)day(-1)), probably due to large particles from enhanced re-suspension of polluted soil particles and road dust. Average overall dry deposition velocity of PAHs calculated using the dry deposition fluxes and particle-phase concentrations was 2.9+/-3.5 cm s(-1). summation operator(15)-PAH concentrations in soils taken from 50 points in the area ranged between 11 and 4628 microg kg(-1) in dry weight. The spatial distribution of these concentrations indicated that the urban Aliaga, steel plants, the petroleum refinery, and the petrochemical plant are the major Sigma 15-PAH sources in the area. Fugacity calculations in air and soil showed that the soil acts as a secondary source to the atmosphere for low molecular weight PAHs in summer and as a sink for the higher molecular weight ones in summer and winter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Kaynaklar Campus, Buca 35160, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bozlaker
authors.forename: Aysen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muezzinoglu
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Odabasi
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D012621:Seasons; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014421:Turkey; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012989:Soil Pollutants