Women's experiences of labour and birth: an evolutionary concept analysis.
OBJECTIVE
the aim of this paper is to identify the core attributes of the experience of labour and birth.


METHODS
a literature search was conducted using a variety of online databases for the years 1990-2005. A thematic analysis of a random sample of 62 of these papers identified the main characteristics of the experience of childbirth. There are multiple methodological challenges in researching the experience of labour and birth, and in developing the existing complexity of evidence.


RESULTS
despite agreement across disciplines regarding the significance of the childbirth experience, there is little consensus on a conceptual definition. Four main attributes of the experience were described as individual, complex, process and life event. Through this concept analysis, the experiences of labour and birth is defined as an individual life event, incorporating interrelated subjective psychological and physiological processes, influenced by social, environmental, organisational and policy contexts.


CONCLUSIONS
identification of the core attributes of the labour and birth experience may provide a framework for future consideration and investigation including further analysis of related concepts such as 'support' and 'control'.


CONCLUSIONS
practitioners and researchers have already identified the diversity and complexity of women's experiences during labour and birth. The importance of the identified attributes also requires organisational and policy development within the context of a cultural environment that acknowledges this diversity.
Larkin
Patricia
P
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, 24 D'Olier Street, Dublin 2, Ireland. larkinpa@tcd.ie
Begley
Cecily M
CM
Devane
Declan
D
D000328:Adult; D003210:Concept Formation; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007494:Ireland; D048949:Labor Pain / Q000523:psychology; D007743:Labor, Obstetric / Q000523:psychology*; D008016:Life Change Events; D008425:Maternal Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D008880:Midwifery / Q000379:methods; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D012931:Social Environment; D012944:Social Support