title: Standardization of nuclear morphometry-based biomarkers.
abstract: Nuclear morphometry is used to address subtleties of carcinogenesis; it has been proposed for evaluating chemoprevention. An important issue for morphometry concerns control for extraneous sources of variation: fixation, slide cutting and staining. A common strategy has been to standardize the morphometric measures. Morphometric variables--such features as mean nuclear size and staining intensity--are often combined into multivariate indices. In this paper, we consider these variables one by one; any index is to a significant degree dependent on the individual indicators. This paper considers the extent to which statistical adjustment adds to the informational utility of individual indicators. We consider 14 features of 934 prostatic nuclei diagnosed by a single pathologist (Rodolfo Montironi) within a region of either normal tissue or high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN). HGPIN, a precursor to prostate cancer (PC), has been suggested as a target for PC chemoprevention. We consider a range of adjustment methods: transforming variables into deviations from means or from expected values generated by regression analysis. Our major test of standardization utility is the ability of the variables to deemphasize interindividual differences within diagnostic categories but to distinguish between diagnostic categories.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA.
authors.forename: Rochelle P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Ondracek
authors.forename: Felicia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: April
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: McCann
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Marshall
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000592:standards; D022003:Cell Nucleus Structures / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D018890:Chemoprevention; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D012015:Reference Standards
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor