title: Effect of experimentally induced liver cirrhosis on wound healing of the post-extraction tooth socket in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Wound healing in liver cirrhosis is known to be impaired possibly due to liver insufficiency and subsequent malnutrition status; however, there is no study to examine healing effectiveness of the tooth socket following an extraction in such patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Irreversible cirrhosis was induced in 30 Wistar rats by repetitive weekly doses of CCl(4) and continuous administration of phenobarbital in a 12-week course was monitored by body weight measurement and ascites development, and was proved histologically. One week later, cirrhotic and control rats were subjected to extractions of two maxillary grinders on each side, one side by simple method, the other by surgical method. Half of the animals of each subgroup were sacrificed on the 10th post-extraction day, whereas the other half on the 30th post-extraction day, and histological sections were examined from all tooth sockets for wound-healing activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A malnutrition status was detected in cirrhotic rats with significant difference in their body weight. Several histological parameters of socket healing were not statistically different between cirrhotic and control animals. However, a significant delay on epithelialization and cancellous bone formation was detected on the 10th post-extraction day for either simple or surgical extractions in cirrhotic animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liver cirrhosis in rats provokes a significant delay on epithelialization and mature cancellous bone formation and consecutively on early socket wound healing after a tooth extraction.
authors.affiliation: Second Propedeutical Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University, Hippocration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karalis
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Pavlidis
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Psarras
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ballas
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zaraboukas
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rafailidis
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Symeonidis
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Marakis
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sakantamis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D004848:Epithelium / Q000503:physiopathology; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008106:Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010012:Osteogenesis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014945:Wound Healing