title: Glutamine-enriched enteral nutrition in very low-birth-weight infants: effect on the incidence of allergic and infectious diseases in the first year of life.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of glutamine-enriched enteral nutrition in very low-birth-weight infants on the incidence of allergic and infectious diseases during the first year of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Follow-up study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  All surviving infants who participated in a trial of glutamine-enriched enteral nutrition in very low-birth-weight infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Enteral glutamine supplementation (l-glutamine, 0.3 g/kg per day) from 3 through 30 days of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  The incidence of allergic and infectious diseases during the first year of life, as assessed by means of validated questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-seven of 90 infants (86%) participated in the follow-up study. Baseline patient, maternal, and environmental characteristics did not differ between the glutamine-supplemented (n = 37) and control (n = 40) groups, except for the incidence of serious neonatal infections and child care attendance. After adjustment for confounding factors, the risk for atopic dermatitis was lower in the glutamine-supplemented group (odds ratio [OR], 0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.02-0.97). However, the incidence of bronchial hyperreactivity (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.10-1.21) and infections of the upper respiratory (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.35-2.79), lower respiratory (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.13-1.24), and gastrointestinal (OR 1.25, 95% CI 0.23-6.86) tracts was not different between the treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glutamine-enriched enteral nutrition in very low-birth-weight infants decreased the incidence of atopic dermatitis during the first year of life but had no effect on the incidence of bronchial hyperreactivity and infectious diseases during the first year of life.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. a.vandenberg@vumc.nl
authors.forename: Anemone
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.forename: Annelies
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Zwol
authors.forename: Henriëtte A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Moll
authors.forename: Willem P F
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Fetter
authors.forename: Ruurd M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: van Elburg
mesh_terms: D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000453:epidemiology; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000453:epidemiology; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005973:Glutamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D016015:Logistic Models; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D005973:Glutamine