title: Influence of sulfur-crosslinking in vulcanized rubber chips on mercury(II) removal from contaminated water.
abstract: The adsorption of Hg(II) by natural rubber chips was investigated. First, the effect of chip size (5 mmx5 mm and 10 mmx10 mm) on the adsorption kinetics was studied. The pseudo-second-order modeling was found to explain the kinetics well. The smaller chips had higher adsorption rate so they were used for the rest of the research. Next the effects of sulfur, zinc oxide and carbon black on the adsorption capacity of Hg(II) at equilibrium conditions were investigated. The effect of sulfur was studied through different standard vulcanizing systems. The amount of zinc oxide was varied to be 3, 4 and 5 part per hundred parts of rubber (phr) while the carbon black (N-330) loading was varied to be 0, 30 and 50 phr, respectively. It was found that adsorption capacity increased with the degree of crosslink density, generated by sulfur reacting with rubber molecules. In addition, the adsorption capacities of various amounts of zinc oxide corresponded with their crosslink densities while the addition of carbon black seemed to obstruct Hg(II) adsorption.
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence on Natural Rubber, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat University, 99 Moo 18 Paholyothin Road, Klong-Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand. dpanu@engr.tu.ac.th
authors.forename: Panu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Danwanichakul
authors.forename: Duangkamol
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dechojarasrri
authors.forename: Salina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meesumrit
authors.forename: Suporn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Swangwareesakul
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D008628:Mercury / Q000737:chemistry*; D012408:Rubber / Q000737:chemistry*; D053260:Soot / Q000737:chemistry; D013455:Sulfur / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D053260:Soot; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D013455:Sulfur; D012408:Rubber; D008628:Mercury; D015034:Zinc Oxide