Spatial analysis of the exposure of dogs in rural north-coastal California to vectorborne pathogens.
Between 0 and 50 per cent of the dogs in eight rural villages in far northern California with a high risk of tickborne diseases were seropositive for Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii, and between 0 and 10 per cent were seropositive for Borrelia burgdorferi. The odds ratio for the co-exposure of individual dogs to B vinsonii berkhoffii and A phagocytophilum was 18.2. None of the diseases was associated with the sex of the dogs, whether they slept out of doors, or whether tick-preventive measures were taken. When the villages were assessed for landscape risk factors, a particularly high seroprevalence for B vinsonii berkhoffii and A phagocytophilum was observed in a village at a relatively high altitude and greater distance from the Pacific coast, and montane hardwood conifer woodland was most associated with a high seroprevalence for these two pathogens.
Foley
J E
JE
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Brown
R N
RN
Gabriel
M W
MW
Henn
J
J
Drazenovich
N
N
Kasten
R
R
Green
S L
SL
Chomel
B B
BB
D041081:Anaplasma phagocytophilum / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D001473:Bartonella / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001474:Bartonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D025065:Borrelia burgdorferi / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002140:California; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000662:veterinary; D004199:Disease Vectors; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D004285:Dogs; D016873:Ehrlichiosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005843:Geography; D008193:Lyme Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial