title: Protective effects of edaravone against ischemia-induced facial palsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The protective effect of edaravone, an inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS), against the development of ischemia-induced facial palsy was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental ischemic facial palsy was induced by interruption of the petrosal artery (PA) in guinea pigs. The application of edaravone was carried out by daily intraperitoneal injection for 1 week. The behavioral facial movement, fluorescence intensity of ROS, and morphological changes were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Edaravone injection from immediately after PA interruption significantly reduced dihydrotetramethylrosamine fluorescence intensity (indicative of ROS) in the facial nerve of the interrupted ear and attenuated the development of ischemia-induced facial palsy. Edaravone injection from the 2nd day following PA interruption also reduced the incidence of facial palsy. Light and electron microscopy revealed that edaravone application tended to prevent the degenerative changes of the facial nerve caused by ischemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Edaravone suppressed the production of ROS and had a remarkable protective effect against the development of mild to moderate facial palsy. Morphologically, nerve damage was also decreased by edaravone injection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan. takedat@kochi-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Taizo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Setsuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takumida
authors.forename: Teruhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Akinobu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kakigi
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakatani
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamakawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000983:Antipyrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D001767:Blinking / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000077553:Edaravone; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005830:Geniculate Ganglion / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007511:Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000077553:Edaravone; D000983:Antipyrine