Protective effect of dietary tomatine against dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP)-induced liver and stomach tumors in rainbow trout.
The potential anti-carcinogenic effects of tomatine, a mixture of commercial tomato glycoalkaloids alpha-tomatine and dehydrotomatine (10:1), were examined in the rainbow trout chemoprevention model. Prior to the chemoprevention study, a preliminary toxicity study revealed that tomatine in the diet fed daily at doses from 100 to 2000 parts per million (ppm) for 4 weeks was not toxic to trout. For the tumor study, replicate groups of 105 trout were fed diets containing dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP) alone (224 ppm), (N = 3), DBP plus tomatine at 2000 ppm (N = 2), tomatine alone (N = 2), or control diet (N = 2) for 4 weeks. The fish were then returned to control diet for 8 months and necropsied for histopathology. Dietary tomatine was found to reduce DBP-initiated liver tumor incidence from 37.0 to 19.0% and stomach tumor incidence from 46.4 to 29.4%. Tomatine also reduced stomach tumor multiplicity. The tomatine-containing diets did not induce mortality, change in fish weights, or liver weights. No adverse pathological effects in the tissues of the fish on the tomatine diets were observed. Dose-response and chemopreventive mechanisms for tomatine protection remain to be examined. This is the first report on the anticarcinogenic effects of tomatine in vivo.
Friedman
Mendel
M
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA. mfried@pw.usda.gov
McQuistan
Tammie
T
Hendricks
Jerry D
JD
Pereira
Cliff
C
Bailey
George S
GS
D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001580:Benzopyrenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D004032:Diet; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014053:Tomatine / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D001580:Benzopyrenes; D014053:Tomatine; C041517:dibenzo(a,l)pyrene