title: Ganglion cell regeneration following whole-retina destruction in zebrafish.
abstract: The retinas of adult teleost fish can regenerate neurons following injury. The current study provides the first documentation of functional whole retina regeneration in the zebrafish, Danio rerio, following intraocular injection of the cytotoxin, ouabain. Loss and replacement of laminated retinal tissue was monitored by analysis of cell death and cell proliferation, and by analysis of retina-specific gene expression patterns. The spatiotemporal process of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) regeneration was followed through the use of selective markers, and was found to largely recapitulate the spatiotemporal process of embryonic ganglion cell neurogenesis, over a more protracted time frame. However, the re-expression of some ganglion cell markers was not observed. The growth and pathfinding of ganglion cell axons was evaluated by measurement of the optic nerve head (ONH), and the restoration of normal ONH size was found to correspond to the time of recovery of two visually-mediated behaviors. However, some abnormalities were noted, including overproduction of RGCs, and progressive and excessive growth of the ONH at longer recovery times. This model system for whole-retina regeneration has provided an informative view of the regenerative process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA.
authors.forename: Tshering
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sherpa
authors.forename: Shane M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Fimbel
authors.forename: Dianne E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Mallory
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maaswinkel
authors.forename: Scott D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Spritzer
authors.forename: Jordan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sand
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Hyde
authors.forename: Deborah L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Stenkamp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D001681:Biological Assay; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003714:Denervation; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000235:genetics; D020439:Growth Cones / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D009498:Neurotoxins; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D010042:Ouabain; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014785:Vision, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009498:Neurotoxins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D010042:Ouabain; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine