title: Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of shell crosslinked stearic acid-grafted chitosan oligosaccharide micelles encapsulating doxorubicin.
abstract: Stearic acid-grafted chitosan oligosaccharide (CSO-SA) with 3.48% amino-substituted degree (SD%) was synthesized by coupling reaction. The CSO-SA could self-aggregate to form micelle with a critical micelle concentration (CMC) at 0.035 mg/mL in the aqueous phase. The CSO-SA self-aggregate micelles indicated spatial structure with multi-hydrophobic core. One CSO-SA chain could form 2.8 hydrophobic cores. Cellular uptakes of CSO-SA micelles by using A549, LLC, and SKOV3 cells as model tumor cell lines showed the faster cellular internalization of CSO-SA micelles, and the cellular uptakes on the LLC and SKOV3 cells were higher than that on the A549 cells. Doxorubicin (DOX) was then used as a model drug to incorporate into CSO-SA micelles. To reduce the initial burst drug release from CSO-SA micelles loading DOX (CSO-SA/DOX), the shell of CSO-SA micelles was crosslinked by glutaraldehyde. The shell crosslinking of CSO-SA micelles reduced the micelle size and surface potential, but it did not significantly affect the cellular uptake and drug encapsulation efficiency of CSO-SA micelles. The cellular inhibition experiments demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of DOX was increased by the encapsulation of CSO-SA micelles. CSO-SA/DOX displayed the best antitumor efficacy in SKOV3 cell line due to the higher cellular uptake percentage of CSO-SA micelles and the lower sensitivity of free drug to the cells. The cytotoxicities of shell crosslinked CSO-SA/DOX were highly enhanced in all cell lines than those of unmodified CSO-SA/DOX.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China. hufq@zju.edu.cn <hufq@zju.edu.cn>
authors.forename: Fu-Qiang
authors.initials: FQ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xiu-Ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yong-Zhong
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D008823:Micelles; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013229:Stearic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008823:Micelles; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D012997:Solvents; D013229:Stearic Acids; C031183:stearic acid; D004317:Doxorubicin; D048271:Chitosan