title: (Per)chlorate reduction by the thermophilic bacterium Moorella perchloratireducens sp. nov., isolated from underground gas storage.
abstract: A thermophilic bacterium, strain An10, was isolated from underground gas storage with methanol as a substrate and perchlorate as an electron acceptor. Cells were gram-positive straight rods, 0.4 to 0.6 mum in diameter and 2 to 8 mum in length, growing as single cells or in pairs. Spores were terminal with a bulged sporangium. The temperature range for growth was 40 to 70 degrees C, with an optimum at 55 to 60 degrees C. The pH optimum was around 7. The salinity range for growth was between 0 and 40 g NaCl liter(-1) with an optimum at 10 g liter(-1). Strain An10 was able to grow on CO, methanol, pyruvate, glucose, fructose, cellobiose, mannose, xylose, and pectin. The isolate was able to respire with (per)chlorate, nitrate, thiosulfate, neutralized Fe(III) complexes, and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate. The G+C content of the DNA was 57.6 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA analysis, strain An10 was most closely related to Moorella thermoacetica and Moorella thermoautotrophica. The bacterium reduced perchlorate and chlorate completely to chloride. Key enzymes, perchlorate reductase and chlorite dismutase, were detected in cell extracts. Strain An10 is the first thermophilic and gram-positive bacterium with the ability to use (per)chlorate as a terminal electron acceptor.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Melike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balk
authors.forename: Ton
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van Gelder
authors.forename: Sander A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Weelink
authors.forename: Alfons J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Stams
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001482:Base Composition / Q000235:genetics; D002241:Carbohydrates; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000378:metabolism; D002704:Chlorates / Q000378:metabolism*; D005740:Gases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000432:Methanol / Q000378:metabolism; D008858:Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010472:Perchlorates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D054712:Salinity; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D002704:Chlorates; D005740:Gases; D009566:Nitrates; D010472:Perchlorates; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D010100:Oxygen; C494474:perchlorate; D000432:Methanol