title: Functional interaction of DNA topoisomerase IIalpha with the beta-catenin and T-cell factor-4 complex.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Wnt signaling pathway is activated constitutively in the majority of colorectal cancers as a result of mutation in either the adenomatous polyposis coli or the CTNNB1 gene, and blockage of the pathway has been considered feasible as molecular therapy against colorectal cancer. DNA topoisomerase IIalpha (Topo IIalpha) is a component of the beta-catenin/T-cell factor-4 (TCF-4) nuclear complex. We examined the functional significance of Topo IIalpha in Wnt signaling.
  
  
  METHODS
  The physical and functional interaction between Topo IIalpha and the beta-catenin/TCF-4 nuclear complex was evaluated by immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence microscopy, 2-hybrid assay, and luciferase reporter assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Amino acids 951-1301 of Topo IIalpha were necessary for binding to beta-catenin. Over expression of Topo IIalpha enhanced the TCF/lymphoid enhancer factor transcriptional activity in a dose-dependent manner, and knockdown of Topo IIalpha by RNA interference conversely attenuated the transcriptional activity. The Topo II inhibitors, merbarone and etoposide, suppressed the beta-catenin-mediated TCF/lymphoid enhancer factor transcriptional activity. The catalytic activity of Topo II was augmented by overexpression of beta-catenin as measured by the decatenation of kinetoplast DNA. Topo IIalpha was highly expressed and colocalized with beta-catenin in tumor cells of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome and patients with sporadic colorectal cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Topo IIalpha interacts with beta-catenin as a novel transcriptional co-activator. A new drug targeting the interaction of Topo IIalpha with beta-catenin as well as its catalytic activity might be more effective for suppressing aberrant Wnt signaling and proliferation of colorectal cancer cells than the current Topo II inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Chemotherapy Division and Cancer Proteomics Project, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shitashige
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Satow
authors.forename: Kazufumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Jisoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomida
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuruo
authors.forename: Setsuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirohashi
authors.forename: Tesshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005047:Etoposide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013858:Thiobarbiturates / Q000494:pharmacology; D059005:Topoisomerase II Inhibitors; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors; C544894:TCF7L2 protein, human; D013858:Thiobarbiturates; D059005:Topoisomerase II Inhibitors; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; D005047:Etoposide; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II; C045459:merbarone