title: The systemic safety of bromfenac ophthalmic solution 0.09%.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the systemic safety of a commercially available bromfenac ophthalmic solution 0.09% for the treatment of postoperative inflammation and reduction of ocular pain in subjects who have undergone cataract extraction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two phase III, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, parallel, placebo-controlled, clinical trials were conducted under a common protocol. These data were pooled for analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The setting for this study was a series of multicentered, private, and university-affiliated ophthalmology clinics in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 527 subjects were sequentially assigned, according to a computer-generated randomization list (2:1) to either bromfenac (n = 356) or placebo (n = 171). Potential subjects were excluded if using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), steroids, anticoagulants, or with uncontrolled ocular or systemic disease, preexisting ocular inflammation, surgical complications, or liver chemistry values of > or =Grade 1 according to World Health Organization Common Toxicity Criteria scoring.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects who underwent cataract surgery without prior anti-inflammatory treatment and had a postsurgical Summed Ocular Inflammation Score (SOIS) of > or =3 were treated with either bromfenac or placebo. Subjects self-instilled 1 drop of the assigned test agent twice-daily for 14 days and were followed for an additional 14 days for safety evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Safety data were collected and the results for systemic safety are reported in this paper.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five hundred and twenty-seven (527) subjects comprised the safety population. A total of 290 of 356 bromfenac and 93 of 171 placebo subjects received 28 doses of test agent. No clinically significant treatment-related systemic adverse effects or changes in liver chemistries were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bromfenac ophthalmic solution 0.09% demonstrated neither treatment-related systemic adverse events nor evidence of hepatic toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Houston Eye Associates, Conner Glaucoma Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Lisa R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Grillone
authors.forename: Mitchell L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Shiffman
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Donnenfeld
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gow
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000869:Anterior Eye Segment / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001969:Bromobenzenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007322:Instillation, Drug; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D010919:Placebos; D012646:Self Administration; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001577:Benzophenones; D001969:Bromobenzenes; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D010919:Placebos; C053083:bromfenac