title: Lidocaine abolishes the myocardial protective effect of sevoflurane post-conditioning.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Post-ischemic administration of volatile anesthetics activates ischemia-reperfusion injury salvage process and decreases myocardial damage. However, the mechanisms underlying anesthetic post-conditioning and effects of lidocaine on it remain unclear. Here we report the cardioprotection of sevoflurane-induced post-conditioning and the effects of lidocaine on it.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isolated perfused rat hearts were exposed to 40 min of ischemia followed by 1 h of reperfusion. Volatile anesthetic post-conditioning was induced by 15 min of 3 vol% sevourane (1.5 minimum alveolar concentration) administered at the onset of reperfusion. In some experiments, lidocaine was coadministered with sevoflurane in different concentrations (2, 10 and 20 microg/ml). Infarct size was determined by dividing the total necrotic area of the left ventricle by the total left ventricular slice area (percent necrotic area).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sevoflurane-induced post-conditioning signicantly improved post-ischemia functional recovery and decreased infarct size (47.3+/-5.6% in unprotected hearts vs. 18.6+/-3.1% in anesthetic post-conditioning, P<0.05). Sevourane-mediated cardioprotection was abolished by 20 microg/ml lidocaine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sevourane-induced post-conditioning effectively protected myocardium against reperfusion damage and its cytoprotection was reversed by 20 microg/ml lidocaine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. yanminnina@hotmail.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D054086:KATP Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009336:Necrosis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000077149:Sevoflurane
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D054086:KATP Channels; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D008012:Lidocaine; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase