title: Greater resting energy expenditure and lower respiratory quotient after 1 week of supplementation with milk relative to supplementation with a sugar-only beverage in children.
abstract: Previous studies have linked overweight to lower milk and calcium consumption and have proposed a role of milk consumption on energy expenditure (EE). The goal of this study was to compare EE and food intake after a meal of either mixed-nutrient or single-nutrient beverage and examine whether supplementation with that beverage for 1 week will impact EE. This was a randomized, controlled crossover study testing the effect of 2 beverages, milk or fruit-flavored beverage, before and after a supplementation period of 1 week on EE. Food intake at a meal after a snack intake of each beverage was assessed at the end of each measurement period. Ten children, aged 9 to 10 years, participated in all of the testing sessions in the study. There was a significant beverage by testing day interaction on daily EE and thermic effect of food (TEF), whereby EE was greater with milk consumption relative to the fruit-flavored beverage on day 8 (P = .0014) and with fruit-flavored beverage consumption on day 1 vs day 8 (P = .01). Similarly, the TEF was greater with milk compared with fruit-flavored beverage consumption on day 8 (P = .0007) and with fruit-flavored beverage consumption on day 1 relative to day 8 (P = .0097). The TEF declined more rapidly during 6 hours after a fruit-flavored beverage than a milk meal (P = .0018). Food intake did not differ after snack consumption of each beverage before and after milk and fruit-flavored beverage supplementation periods. Over the longer term, consumption of milk beverages may have more favorable effects on energy balance in children than consumption of fruit-flavored beverages.
authors.affiliation: Obesity Research Center, St Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. ms2554@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Marie-Pierre
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: St-Onge
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Claps
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heshka
authors.forename: Steven B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Heymsfield
authors.forename: Aliki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kosteli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001628:Beverages; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk; D012143:Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium