title: Long-range allosteric interactions between the folate and methionine cycles stabilize DNA methylation reaction rate.
abstract: Several metabolites in the folate and methionine cycles influence the activities of distant enzymes involved in one-carbon metabolism. Many hypotheses have been advanced about the functional impact of these long-range interactions. Using both steady-state and fluctuation analyses of a mathematical model of methionine metabolism, we investigate the biochemical basis for several of these hypotheses. We show that the long-range interactions provide remarkable stabilization of the DNA methylation rate in the face of large fluctuations in methionine input. In particular, they enable the system to maintain methylation in the face of low and extremely low protein input. These interactions may therefore have evolved primarily to stabilize DNA methylation under conditions of methionine starvation. In silico experimentation allows us to evaluate the independent effects of various combinations of the long-range interactions, and thereby propose a plausible evolutionary scenario.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA. hfn@duke.edu
authors.forename: H Frederik
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Nijhout
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Jonathan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mattingly
authors.forename: S Jill
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Cornelia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ulrich
mesh_terms: D000494:Allosteric Regulation; D000818:Animals; D019175:DNA Methylation; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008715:Methionine / Q000378:metabolism*; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D008962:Models, Theoretical
chemical_list: D005492:Folic Acid; D008715:Methionine; D008780:Methyltransferases