title: Evaluating Burkholderia pseudomallei Bip proteins as vaccines and Bip antibodies as detection agents.
abstract: Burkholderia pseudomallei is a biothreat agent and an important natural pathogen, causing melioidosis in humans and animals. A type III secretion system (TTSS-3) has been shown to be critical for virulence. Because TTSS components from other pathogens have been used successfully as diagnostic agents and as experimental vaccines, it was investigated whether this was the case for BipB, BipC and BipD, components of B. pseudomallei's TTSS-3. The sequences of BipB, BipC and BipD were found to be highly conserved among B. pseudomallei and B. mallei isolates. A collection of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for each Bip protein was obtained. Most recognized both native and denatured Bip protein. Burkholderia pseudomallei or B. mallei did not express detectable BipB or BipD under the growth conditions used. However, anti-BipD mAbs did recognize the TTSS needle structures of a Shigella strain engineered to express BipD. The authors did not find that BipB, BipC or BipD are protective antigens because vaccination of mice with any single protein did not result in protection against experimental melioidosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) studies showed that human melioidosis patients had antibodies to BipB and BipD. However, these ELISAs had low diagnostic accuracy in endemic regions, possibly due to previous patient exposure to B. pseudomallei.
authors.affiliation: Cangene Corporation, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Druar
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jodie L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: Richard T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Okinaka
authors.forename: Narisara
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chantratita
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beg
authors.forename: Chad W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Stratilo
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Olive
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soltes
authors.forename: Michelle L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Direk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Limmathurotsakul
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.forename: Sally X
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Picking
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Don I H
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Vadim
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tsvetnitsky
authors.forename: Wendy L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Picking
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Cherwonogrodzky
authors.forename: Natkunam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ketheesan
authors.forename: Sharon J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Peacock
authors.forename: Erik J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Wiersma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D042726:Burkholderia mallei / Q000235:genetics; D016957:Burkholderia pseudomallei / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008554:Melioidosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012760:Shigella / Q000235:genetics; D016019:Survival Analysis; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit