title: Impact of nesiritide on renal function in patients with acute decompensated heart failure and pre-existing renal dysfunction a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to evaluate the impact of nesiritide on renal function in patients with acute decompensated heart failure and baseline renal dysfunction.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although nesiritide is approved for the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure, retrospective analyses have raised concerns that it may cause worsened renal function. To date, no randomized clinical trials have prospectively evaluated this issue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients with acute decompensated heart failure and baseline renal dysfunction were enrolled in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Subjects were randomized to receive nesiritide (0.01 microg/kg/min with or without a 2-microg/kg bolus) or placebo (5% dextrose in water) for 48 h in addition to their usual care. Predefined primary end points of the trial were a rise in serum creatinine by > or =20% and change in serum creatinine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-five patients were enrolled (39 nesiritide, 36 placebo). The groups had similar baseline age (74.9 vs. 75.5 years, respectively), blood pressure (123/64 vs. 125/64 mm Hg) and serum creatinine (1.82 vs. 1.86 mg/dl). There were no significant differences in the incidence of a 20% creatinine rise (23% vs. 25%) or in the change in serum creatinine (-0.05 vs. +0.05 mg/dl). There were no significant differences in the secondary end points of change in weight (-2.19 vs. -1.58 kg), intravenous furosemide (125 vs. 107 mg), discontinuation of the infusion due to hypotension (13% vs. 6%), or 30-day death/hospital readmission (33% vs. 25%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, nesiritide had no impact on renal function in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. (BNP-CARDS trial; http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00186329?order=1; NCT00186329).
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA. witteles@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Ronald M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Witteles
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: Dianne
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Christopherson
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Randall H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Vagelos
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schreiber
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Fowler
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000368:Aged; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D003404:Creatinine