title: Postoperative temporary neurological deficits in adults with moyamoya disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several authors have reported temporary neurologic deterioration after revascularization surgery in some patients with moyamoya disease. The present study examined the incidence and mechanisms of PONDs in adult patients with moyamoya disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postoperative neurological deficits were retrospectively evaluated 1 month or less postoperatively on 32 hemispheric sides of 17 symptomatic adult patients with moyamoya disease treated surgically with direct and/or indirect revascularization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Various PONDs were observed in 9 sides (28%) from 7 patients 1 month or less after surgery. Symptoms were recognized in 7 (39%) of 18 sides with ischemic onset, and 2 (14%) of 14 sides with hemorrhagic onset. Postoperative neurological deficits were usually observed 1 week or less after surgery, and resolved within 2 weeks. Postoperative neurological deficits were divided into 3 groups based on duration of symptoms: single transient neurologic deficits in 3 sides; repeated transient neurologic deficits in 3 sides; and continuous neurologic deficits in 3 sides. Radiologic examinations demonstrated no ischemic changes in any patients, and subsequent focal hyperemia after surgery on 3 sides. Postoperative neurological deficits occurred more frequently in younger patients or those with poor vascular response before surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postoperative neurological deficits frequently occur in patients with moyamoya disease, but are temporary. These deficits appear to result from focal hyperperfusion after surgery, rather than from ischemic changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan. sohue@m.ehime-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohue
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kumon
authors.forename: Kanehisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Shiinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002548:Cerebral Revascularization / Q000379:methods*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009072:Moyamoya Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon