title: Parkinsonism in a patient with antiphospholipid syndrome--case report and literature review.
abstract: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is identified as the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) in patients with vascular thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity (including fetal death, premature birth and habitual abortion). Neurological manifestations in patients with APS are common, whereas movement disorders are rarely seen. We report an extremely rare case of APS presented with parkinsonism and review the literature to address the clinical profile and possible pathophysiologic mechanism of this disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine 199 Tung Hwa North Road, Taipei, 10591, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yen-Chu
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Rong-Kuo
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.forename: Sien-Tsong
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yi-Chuan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Yih-Ru
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020767:Intracranial Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007980:Levodopa / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014859:Warfarin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D007980:Levodopa; D014859:Warfarin