title: [Etiological profile of urinary tract infections and antimicrobial susceptibility of urinary pathogens].
abstract: A review on the etiological profile of urinary tract infections in childhood and the sensitivity pattern of urinary pathogens in Spain is presented. Escherichia coli continues to be the main etiological agent of urinary tract infection in childhood. Consequently, its sensitivity pattern will usually determine the choice of empirical therapy. The predominance of E. coli is reduced in certain circumstances, in which the presence of other microorganisms is increased. However, the clinical information available at diagnosis does not allow accurate identification of the etiology; only staining and microscopic urine examination can help in treatment selection. In Spain, E. coli presents a high percentage of resistance to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole, whereas second- and third-generation cephalosporins, fosfomycin, aminoglycosides and amoxicillin-clavulanate maintain high sensitivity. In some areas, amoxicillin-clavulanate and first-generation cephalosporins show high levels of resistance, which can limit their empirical use.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología. Hospital Clínico Universitario. Valladolid, España.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Eiros Bouza
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ochoa Sangrador
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000494:pharmacology; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000494:pharmacology; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003245:Consensus Statements as Topic; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005578:Fosfomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D005578:Fosfomycin; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; D000667:Ampicillin; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination