title: Neonatal screening for severe combined immune deficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Severe combined immunodeficiency has been identified as a high-priority disease for inclusion in population-based newborn screening programs. In this review, the justification, advances to date and remaining challenges for universal severe combined immunodeficiency screening are outlined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Severe combined immunodeficiency is treatable by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, with best outcome if recognized and treated early in life. Universal screening of newborns could make possible prompt diagnosis and lifesaving treatment for all affected infants. One screening test using the dried blood spots already collected from all newborns involves quantitation of T cell receptor excision circles, and other test methods have been proposed and are being evaluated. Development of screening programs will require integration of screening, contacting infants with abnormal screen results for definitive testing, prompt treatment of affected infants, and outcome tracking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency is advancing toward pilot trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0519, USA. puckj@peds.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Puck
mesh_terms: D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015997:Neonatal Screening / Q000379:methods*; D016511:Severe Combined Immunodeficiency / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy