title: Determination of the antimicrobial growth promoter moenomycin-A in chicken litter.
abstract: This study aimed to develop and optimize a method for the extraction and analysis of moenomycin antibiotics (a.k.a. flavomycin) in corn-based feed premix and in chicken litter. Moenomycin-A was isolated from chicken litter using pressurized liquid extraction followed by a solid-phase extraction (SPE) clean-up step. The highly lipophilic nature of moenomycin necessitated the use of the less hydrophobic sorbent, C(4)-based SPE cartridge, and a higher temperature elution solvent, methanol at 50 degrees C, in order to obtain satisfactory percent recoveries. After clean-up, the sample was analyzed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). Various reversed-phase columns were examined, including C(18), CN, perfluorinated C(6), and a porous graphitic carbon. The set of conditions that gave the highest separation efficiency while still maintaining symmetrical peak shape was the C(18) column using the H(2)O+0.3% HCOOH and acetonitrile mobile phase.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, The State University of New York at Buffalo, 611 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: Brenna E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: McJury
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eichhorn
authors.forename: Diana S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Aga
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D001455:Bambermycins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002645:Chickens; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D006799:Housing, Animal; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
chemical_list: D008372:Manure; D001455:Bambermycins; C437243:moenomycin A