The evidence for using conjugate vaccines to protect HIV-infected children against pneumococcal disease.
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are a potentially useful complement to existing treatment strategies in HIV-infected children, for whom pneumococcal infections are common and serious. This Review summarises available data on the burden of pneumococcal disease and the safety and efficacy of PCVs in HIV-infected children. The data demonstrate that children with HIV have significantly increased risk of pneumococcal disease compared with uninfected children; the serotypes included in currently licensed or near-licensure conjugate vaccines include most serotypes that cause invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in HIV-infected children and adults; PCVs provide substantial protection against IPD and clinical pneumonia when given to HIV-infected infants; and HIV-infected adults gain an indirect benefit when children in the community are vaccinated. PCV should be considered as an important intervention for improving the lives of HIV-infected children.
Bliss
Sandra J
SJ
Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. sandrajbliss@yahoo.com
O'Brien
Katherine L
KL
Janoff
Edward N
EN
Cotton
Mark F
MF
Musoke
Philippa
P
Coovadia
Hoosen
H
Levine
Orin S
OS
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D006678:HIV; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000276:immunology*; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use
D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate