title: Oral contraceptives and clinical recurrence of human papillomavirus lesions and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia following treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of oral contraceptive use on the recurrence rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) lesions and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) following ablative or excisional procedures in a long-term follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted with 650 oral contraceptive users presenting with HPV lesions and/or CIN, and 670 women who had these lesions but did not use oral contraceptives acted as controls. The participants underwent cytologic evaluations, colposcopy, and direct biopsy, followed by either ablative treatment by laser carbon dioxide vaporization or excision by a loop electrosurgical excision procedure or cold knife conization. They were then followed up for a minimum of 5 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The recurrence rates did not differ statistically between the case and control groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral contraceptive use was not found to increase the recurrence rate of HPV lesions and/or CIN after ablative or surgical treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Perinatology and Child Health, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. a.frega@tin.it
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frega
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scardamaglia
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piazze
authors.forename: Albana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cerekja
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pacchiarotti
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verrico
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moscarini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003127:Colposcopy; D019092:Conization / Q000379:methods*; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000209:etiology*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal