Intimate partner violence and infant morbidity: evidence of an association from a population-based study in eastern Uganda in 2003.
BACKGROUND
Although recent studies suggest that there is an association between intimate partner violence and child mortality, the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. It is against this background that as a secondary objective, we set out to explore whether an association exists between intimate partner violence and illness in infants.


METHODS
We conducted a population based household survey in Mbale, eastern Uganda in 2003. Participants were 457 women (with 457 infants) who consented to participate in the study. We measured socio-demographics of women and occurrence of intimate partner violence. We measured socio-demographics, immunization, nutritional status, and illness in the previous two weeks of the children.


RESULTS
The mean age of the women was 25 years (SD 5.7) while the mean age of the infants was 6 months (SD 3.5). The prevalence of lifetime intimate partner violence was 54% (95% CI 48%-60%). During the previous two weeks, 50% (95% CI 50%-54%) of the children had illness (fever, diarrhoea, cough and fast breathing). Lifetime intimate partner violence was associated with infant illness (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2-2.8) and diarrhoea (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.4).


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that infant illnesses (fever, diarrhoea, cough and fast breathing) are associated with intimate partner violence, and provide insights into previous reports that have shown an association between intimate partner violence and child mortality, suggesting possible underlying mechanisms. Our findings also highlight the importance of intimate partner violence on the health of children, and the need for further research in this area.
Karamagi
Charles A S
CA
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda. ckaramagi2000@yahoo.com
Tumwine
James K
JK
Tylleskar
Thorkild
T
Heggenhougen
Kristian
K
D000328:Adult; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000208:ethnology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009017:Morbidity / Q000639:trends*; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000208:ethnology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology; D016387:Women's Health / Q000208:ethnology*