title: CT detected indeterminate pulmonary nodules in a chemoprevention trial of fluticasone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In animal models of lung carcinogenesis, inhaled corticosteroids appear to reduce the number of new lung tumors. In a trial of budesonide in smokers with bronchial dysplasia, the proportion of indeterminate CT detected pulmonary nodules that resolved was larger in the treatment group. We performed a secondary analysis of CT data of subjects at risk of lung cancer enrolled in a chemoprevention trial of fluticasone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects with bronchial squamous metaplasia or dysplasia had a baseline chest CT scan. They were randomized to fluticasone or a placebo. After 6 months a repeat CT was performed and the change in number and size of nodules was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and one subjects were screened. Of the 108 volunteers included in the study, 74 were male, mean age was 53 years and mean number of pack years 48. Baseline: 35 subjects had 91 nodules in total, 62% <4mm. In the fluticasone arm more subjects had a decrease and fewer had an increase in number of nodules, however this trend did not reach statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this preliminary study there was a tendency of nodules to resolve, however, studies with CT detected nodules as inclusion criterion are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology, VU University Medical Center, Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Remco M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H Jelle
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Teertstra
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: van Zandwijk
authors.affiliation: Department of Biometrics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Harm
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Tinteren
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Christien
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology, VU University Medical Center, Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Arifa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pasic
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology, VU University Medical Center, Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Sutedja
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baas
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Golding
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology, VU University Medical Center, Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Pieter E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Postmus
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology, VU University Medical Center, Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: ef.smit@vumc.nl.
authors.forename: Egbert F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Smit
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D000068298:Fluticasone; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D003074:Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D000068298:Fluticasone