title: Identification and characterization of high-molecular-weight glutenin genes in Polish triticale cultivars by PCR-based DNA markers.
abstract: Molecular markers were used to identify the allele/gene composition of complex loci Glu-A1 and Glu-B1 of high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits in triticale cultivars. Forty-six Polish cultivars of both winter and spring triticale were analysed with 7 PCR-based markers. Amplified DNA fragments of HMW glutenin Glu-1 genes were separated by agarose slab-gel electrophoresis. Differences between all 3 alleles at the locus Glu-A1 [Glu-A1a (encoding Ax1), 1b (Ax2*), and 1c (AxNull)], 4 alleles at Glu-B1-1 [Glu-B1-1a (Bx7), 1b (Bx7*), 1d (Bx6), 1ac (Bx6.8)], and 5 alleles at Glu-B1-2 [Glu-B1-2a (By8), 2b (By9), 2o (By8*), 2s (By18*), and 2z (By20*)] were revealed. In total, 16 allele combinations were observed. Molecular markers are particularly helpful in distinguishing the wheat Glu-A1a and Glu-A1b alleles from the rye Glu-R1a and Glu-R1b alleles in triticale genotypes, respectively, as well as subunits Bx7 from Bx7* and By8 from By8*, which could not be distinguished by SDS-PAGE. Novel glutenin subunits By18* and By20* (unique to triticale) were identified. HMW glutenin subunit combinations of Polish triticale cultivars, earlier identified by SDS-PAGE analyses, were verified by PCR-based DNA markers. Rapid identification of wheat Glu-1 alleles by molecular markers can be an efficient alternative to the standard separation procedure for early selection of useful triticale genotypes with good bread-making quality.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Bolesław P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Salmanowicz
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dylewicz
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000235:genetics*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D017343:Genes, Plant; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005983:Glutens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011044:Poland; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D012434:Secale / Q000235:genetics; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D021122:Protein Subunits; D005983:Glutens; C037302:glutenin