[Serum vitamin K concentration and nutrition].
Vitamin K (VK) is well known for its role in the synthesis of a number of blood coagulation factors. VK is also an important factor for bone metabolism via gamma-carboxylation of VK-dependent proteins such as osteocalcin, matrix Gla protein, and protein S. Recently, it is rare that severe VK deficiency is observed. However, low dietary VK intake or low VK status has been shown to be associated with low bone mineral density and increased hip fracture risk. These studies suggest that there is potential VK insufficiency in bone, even in sufficient VK status for blood coagulation. In the present review, the studies concerning relationship between serum VK concentration and bone health, including pharmacokinetics of VK analogues (such as phylloquinone and menaquinone) and factors which affect on blood circulation of VK, are reviewed.
Tsugawa
Naoko
N
Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Department of Hygienic Sciences.
Okano
Toshio
T
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000209:etiology; D012306:Risk; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014813:Vitamin K Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D000097568:Matrix Gla Protein
D015415:Biomarkers; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D015675:Osteocalcin; D014812:Vitamin K; D000097568:Matrix Gla Protein