title: Modulatory effects of somatosensory electrical stimulation on neural activity of the dorsal cochlear nucleus of hamsters.
abstract: The effects of somatosensory electrical stimulation on the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) activity of control and tone-exposed hamsters were investigated. One to three weeks after sound exposure and control treatment, multiunit activity was recorded at the surface of the left DCN before, during, and after electrical stimulation of the basal part of the left pinna. The results demonstrated that sound exposure induced hyperactivity in the DCN. In response to electrical stimulation, neural activity in the DCN of both control and exposed animals manifested four response types: S-S, suppression occurring during and after stimulation; E-S, excitation occurring during stimulation and suppression after; S-E, suppression occurring during stimulation and excitation after; and E-E, excitation occurring during and after stimulation. The results showed that there was a higher incidence of suppressive (up to 70%) than of excitatory responses during and after stimulation in both groups. In addition, there was a significantly higher degree of suppression after, rather than during stimulation. At high levels of electrical current, the degree of the induced suppression was generally higher during and after stimulation in exposed animals than in controls. The similarity of our results to those of previous clinical studies further supports the view that DCN hyperactivity is a direct neural correlate of tinnitus and that somatosensory electrical stimulation can be used to modulate DCN hyperactivity. Optimization of stimulation strategy through activating only certain neural pathways and applying appropriate stimulation parameters may allow somatosensory electrical stimulation to be used as an effective tool for tinnitus suppression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA. jinzhang@med.wayne.edu
authors.forename: Jinsheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhenlong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guan
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D000344:Afferent Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology; D002572:Cervical Plexus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D017626:Cochlear Nucleus / Q000502:physiology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D054644:Ear Auricle / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008465:Mechanoreceptors / Q000502:physiology*; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D013016:Sound / Q000009:adverse effects; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D014110:Touch / Q000502:physiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014279:Trigeminal Nucleus, Spinal / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology