title: Short-term effects of gallbladder perforations during laparoscopic cholecystectomy on respiratory mechanics and depth of pain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study the effects of gallbladder perforations during laparoscopic cholecystectomy on respiratory mechanics and depth of pain in the postoperative period was evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between April 2004 and February 2006 we planned to perform 179 laparoscopic cholecystectomies. One hundred of these patients were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 with gallbladder perforation during the operation and group 2 without perforation. Two groups were compared regarding age, gender, comorbidities, mean hospital stay, respiratory function tests, and postoperative pain scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gallbladder perforation occurred in 33 patients (33%). The male-to-female ratio of group I was 5/28. In group 2 the male-to-female ratio was 12/55. Age and perforation had a significant correlation according to Spearman's correlation test (p < 0.05, r = 0.211). Regarding respiratory function tests and arterial blood gases analysis, there was a significant decrease in both groups postoperatively but perforation had no effect on them. No statistically significant difference occurred regarding mean hospital stay and postoperative visual pain scores (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gallbladder perforation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy had no effect on postoperative respiratory mechanics and depth of pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uygar Kalayci
authors.forename: Baris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Veli Akin
authors.forename: Halil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alis
authors.forename: Selin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kapan
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nuray Turhan
authors.forename: Ersan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aygun
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics; D012421:Rupture / Q000150:complications; D013147:Spirometry; D016896:Treatment Outcome