title: Innate immunity: a cutaneous perspective.
abstract: The first responsibility for protection against microbial infection rests on the normal function of the innate immune system. This system establishes an antimicrobial barrier, recognizes attempts to breach this barrier, and responds rapidly to danger, all based on an innate defense system. Here, we review this system as it applies to mammalian skin, highlighting how a physical, cellular, and chemical barrier is formed to resist infection. When challenged, the diverse cellular components of the skin recognize the nature of the challenge and respond with an appropriate antimicrobial program including the release of antimicrobial peptides and, when necessary, recruitment and coordination with adaptive immune responses. Recent insights into these processes have advanced the understanding of disease pathogenesis and provided new therapeutic options for a variety of skin diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goodarzi
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trowbridge
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Gallo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000502:physiology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007378:Interleukins / Q000502:physiology; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D007378:Interleukins; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors