title: Functional reconstruction of the philtral ridge and dimple in the repaired cleft lip.
abstract: Our report describes a simple method of functional reconstruction of the philtral ridge in patients with repaired cleft lip. Philtral reconstruction was performed in 21 children with dehiscence of the orbicularis oris in repaired cleft lip. Prominent groove at the philtral column and lateral bulging during maximal "pucker" were the indications. First, the abnormally inserted orbicularis muscle is freed and realigned in a normal horizontal orientation. The muscle is vertically incised and repaired with vertical mattress sutures, spreading out the muscle to increase the thickness of the philtral ridge. The philtral ridge is accentuated by deepening the dimple with a dermal suture at the midline. Postoperative evaluation was performed at 8-18 months (mean; 13.1 months). The philtrum was evaluated by a panel using two visual scales. Eminence of the philtral ridge was scored by a five-point grading scale and the philtral dimple was scored by a three-point grading scale, both at resting and at maximal pucker. Preoperative scores showed the philtral ridge to be from "prominent groove" to "flat" at maximal pucker and at rest, respectively. Postoperative scores showed improvement of the philtral ridge to "less prominent than the normal philtral ridge" both at rest and at maximal pucker. The philtral dimple preoperative scores ranged from "no dimple" to "slight dimple" and postoperative improvement to "slight dimple" to "prominent dimple." This technique of functional reconstruction of the philtrum gave satisfactory results in formation of the philtral ridge and dimple, both at rest and at maximal pucker.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea. kimsw@snu.ac.kr
authors.forename: Suk Wha
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Myungjune
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Jong Lim
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Albert K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Chul Gyoo
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*