title: Triad of bilateral duplicated permanent teeth, persistent open apex, and tooth malformation: a case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this article is to report a case of bilateral multiple impacted supernumerary teeth. A discussion of possible mechanisms of development is also presented along with a concise review of the literature.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Supernumerary teeth occur in the context of various scenarios in the primary and the permanent dentition. Multiple supernumerary teeth are a rare finding especially in the absence of associated syndrome or disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case of bilateral multiple impacted supernumerary teeth localized to the mandibular premolar region is reported. Some of the supernumerary teeth as well as the erupted premolars had persistent open apices. Coronal malformation of the right maxillary first premolar was another interesting finding. There was an absence of any concomitant disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The aforementioned combination of findings has not been reported previously. The anatomical, geometrical, and spatial relationships of supernumerary teeth with their erupted equivalents may shed light on some controversial aspects of the etiology.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, East Azarbaijan, Iran. r.mostofi@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ramin Mostofi Zadeh
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Farahani
authors.forename: Ali Taghavi
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Zonuz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000002:abnormalities*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000002:abnormalities*; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000002:abnormalities; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000473:pathology; D014096:Tooth, Supernumerary