title: PI3-K- and PKC-dependent up-regulation of APP processing enzymes by retinoic acid.
abstract: Retinoic acid stimulates alpha-secretase processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and decreases beta-secretase cleavage that leads to amyloid-beta formation. Here, we investigated the effect of retinoic acid on the two putative alpha-secretases, the disintegrin metalloproteinases ADAM10 and TACE, and the beta-site cleaving enzyme BACE1, in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Western blot analysis showed that exposure to retinoic acid resulted in significantly increased levels of ADAM10 and TACE, suggesting that regulation of alpha-secretases causes the effects on APP processing. The presence of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY 294002 selectively reduced the effect on ADAM10 protein levels but not on ADAM10 mRNA levels as determined by RT-PCR. On the other hand, the effect on TACE was shown to be dependent on protein kinase C, since it was completely blocked in the presence of the inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide XI. Our data indicate that different signalling pathways are involved in retinoic acid-induced up-regulation of the secretases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurochemistry, Stockholm University, SE10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Holback
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Adlerz
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gatsinzi
authors.forename: Kristin T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iverfeldt
mesh_terms: D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D058255:Protease Nexins; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C545487:APP protein, human; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D058255:Protease Nexins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D014212:Tretinoin; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C