title: [Primary resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to anti-tuberculosis drugs in Kinshasa, (DRC)].
abstract: In a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in Kinshasa between July 2003 and January 2004, we determined the prevalence of the primary resistance of M. tuberculosis to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. The antibiogram was performed with the proportion method on 301 isolats from patients who all had a first episode of pulmonary tuberculosis with positive microscopy (TPM+) and who had not received any anti-tuberculosis treatment before. The primary resistance rate reached 43.5%; it reached 31.6% in 1990. The multi-drug-resistance rate (MDR-TB) notified as resistant to both rifamicine and isoniazide rose to 5.3%. This rate of primary resistance is among the highest in Africa. The emergence of the resistant strains and specially the multi-drug-resistant strains (MDR-TB) in Kinshasa requires a regular assessment of these phenomena which threaten seriously the implementation of the national tuberculosis control programme.
authors.affiliation: Service de microbiologie, Cliniques universitaires de Kinshasa, BP 804, Kinhasa 11, République Démocratique du Congo.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kabedi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kashongwe
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kayembe
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mumba Ngoyi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mampasi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mbaya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fissette
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Verhaegen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Portaels
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Muyembe-Tamfum
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015023:Democratic Republic of the Congo / Q000453:epidemiology; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000453:epidemiology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D015995:Prevalence; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D004977:Ethambutol; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin; D013307:Streptomycin