title: Teaching and assessing systems-based competency in ophthalmology residency training programs.
abstract: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) has mandated that residency programs, including ophthalmology, teach and assess specific competencies, including systems-based learning. We review the pertinent literature on systems-based learning for ophthalmology and recommend specific "good practices" to manage the ACGME mandate. Tools are required that both teach and assess systems based learning competency simultaneously, that are reliable and valid, that have low faculty burden, and that are affordable, practical, and fair. Future research should provide evidence that these interventions produce improved educational and patient outcomes and show proof of competence in systems based learning among residents and clinicians in practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hilary A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Beaver
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Greenlee
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Oetting
authors.forename: H Culver
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Boldt
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abramoff
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Carter
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000379:methods*; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000193:education*; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*