title: Emotional irritation before mental stress is associated with enhanced peripheral norepinephrine.
abstract: Research suggests equivocal findings on associations of catecholamines and mood. Our study investigated the associations of emotional state, blood pressure and catecholamines in 55 healthy males undergoing mental stress. We especially checked the reported link between norepinephrine (NE) and emotional irritation. Blood pressure (SBP, DBP) and heart rate (HR) were continuously monitored. NE and epinephrine (EPI) were measured before, after, and 20 minutes after stress. Participants were divided into irritated versus non-irritated and anxious versus non-anxious subjects by median split on their baseline questionnaires. The task elicited significant cardiovascular, hormonal, and psychological stress responses. NE levels were significantly correlated with irritation before stress. Irritated subjects showed significantly higher DBP and NE than non-irritated subjects. The higher NE and DBP levels in the irritated participants suggest detrimental psycho-physiological interrelations promoting the development of stress-mediated cardiovascular diseases. Heightened emotional irritation before stress may be regarded as a psychological risk factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany. cora.weber@charite.de
authors.forename: Cora Stefanie
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Julian F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Thayer
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rudat
authors.forename: Frank Holger
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Perschel
authors.forename: Konrad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Buchholz
authors.forename: Hans Christian
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Deter
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D019260:Expressed Emotion; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007508:Irritable Mood; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009638:Norepinephrine