title: Positive allosteric modulation of metabotropic glutamate 4 (mGlu4) receptors enhances spontaneous and evoked absence seizures.
abstract: Individual metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor subtypes have been implicated in the pathophysiology of epileptic seizures, and are potential targets for novel antiepileptic drugs. Here, we examined the role of the mGlu4 receptor subtype in absence seizures using as models: (i) WAG/Rij rats, which develop spontaneous absence seizures after 2-3months of age; and (ii) mice treated with pentylentetrazole (PTZ, 30mg/kg, s.c.). Expression of mGlu4 receptors was enhanced in the reticular thalamic nucleus (RTN) of symptomatic WAG/Rij rats as compared with age-matched controls, as assessed by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. No changes were found in other regions of WAG/Rij rats including ventrobasal thalamic nuclei, somatosensory cortex, and hippocampus. Electron microscopy and in situ hybridization data suggested that mGlu4 receptors in the RTN are localized on excitatory cortical afferents. Systemic injection of the selective mGlu4 receptor positive allosteric modulator, N-phenyl-7-(hydroxyimino)cyclopropa[b]chromen1a-carboxamide (PHCCC, 10mg/kg, s.c.), substantially enhanced the number of spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) in WAG/Rij rats. Injection of PHCCC also enhanced absence-like seizures in PTZ-treated mice, whereas it was totally inactive in mGlu4 receptor knockout mice, which were intrinsically resistant to PTZ-induced seizures, as expected. This data supports the hypothesis that activation of mGlu4 receptors participates in the generation of absence seizures which can be exacerbated with the use of a positive allosteric modulator.
authors.affiliation: I.N.M. Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy. richardngomba@neuromed.it
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Ngomba
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferraguti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Badura
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Citraro
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Santolini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Battaglia
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Sarro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simonyi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van Luijtelaar
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nicoletti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000494:pharmacology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003292:Convulsants / Q000494:pharmacology; D003720:Densitometry; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects; D004832:Epilepsy, Absence / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018756:GABA Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects*; D016707:Tissue Fixation
chemical_list: D001578:Benzopyrans; D003292:Convulsants; D018756:GABA Antagonists; C442478:N-phenyl-7-(hydroxyimino)cyclopropa(b)chromen-1a-carboxamide; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole; C108823:metabotropic glutamate receptor 4