title: Ketotifen-loaded microspheres prepared by spray-drying poly(D,L-lactide) and poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) polymers: characterization and in vivo evaluation.
abstract: Ketotifen (KT) was encapsulated into poly(D,L-lactide) (PLA) and poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA 50/50) by spray-drying to investigate the use of biodegradable drug-loaded microspheres as delivery systems in the intraperitoneal cavity. Ketotifen stability was evaluated by HPLC, and degradation was not observed. Drug entrapment efficiency was 74 +/- 7% (82 +/- 8 microg KT/mg for PLA) and 81 +/- 6% (90 +/- 7 microg KT/mg for PLGA 50/50). PLA microspheres released ketotifen (57% of encapsulated KT) in 350 h at two release rates (221 microg/h, 15 min to 2 h; 1.13 microg/h, 5-350 h). A quicker release of ketotifen took place from PLGA 50/50 microspheres (67.4% of encapsulated KT) in 50 h (322 microg/h, 15 min to 2 h; 16.18 microg/h, 5-50 h). After intraperitoneal administration (10 mg KT/kg b.w.), microsphere aggregations were detected in adipose tissue. Ketotifen concentration was determined in plasma by HPLC. The drug released from PLA and PLGA 50/50 microspheres was detected at 384 and 336 h, respectively. Noncompartmental analysis was performed to determine pharmacokinetic parameters. The inclusion of ketotifen in PLGA and PLA microspheres resulted in significant changes in the plasma disposition of the drug. Overall, these ketotifen-loaded microspheres yielded an intraperitoneal drug release that may be suitable for use as delivery systems in the treatment of inflammatory response in portal hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guerrero
authors.forename: Enriqueta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muñíz
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Teijón
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Olmo
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Teijón
authors.forename: M Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Blanco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007665:Ketotifen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008863:Microspheres; D010316:Particle Size; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D051381:Rats; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D011091:Polyesters; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); D007665:Ketotifen