title: Sparing the eye in craniofacial surgery for superior nasal vault malignant neoplasms: analysis of benefit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate orbital and ophthalmologic function following standardized eye-sparing protocol for treating superior nasal vault malignant neoplasms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of patients with sinonasal malignant neoplasms who underwent preoperative radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy and craniofacial resection (CFR) with eye preservation. Pretreatment and posttreatment ophthalmologic evaluations were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 59 patients underwent eye-sparing therapy between 1983 and 2005; 36 had invasion of the lamina with or without periorbital resection (61%). The most common abnormality was esthesioneuroblastoma (37 cases; 63%), most of which were Kadish stage C (n = 26). The most common preoperative ophthalmologic findings were motility disturbances (18 cases; 31%), afferent pupillary dysfunction and change in acuity (17 cases; 29%), and proptosis (17 cases; 29%). A total of 36 patients were available for long-term follow-up (mean follow-up, 61 months); 35 of these retained functional vision (97%); and 1 patient had a nonfunctional eye.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Standardized treatment for superior nasal vault malignant neoplasms using an eye-sparing CFR remains a sound approach both oncologically and ophthalmologically. Most patients with advanced disease present with ophthalmologic findings, and most posttreatment eye findings are notable only on detailed examination and either resolve spontaneously in the acute-care setting or do not require surgical repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0713, USA.
authors.forename: Garth F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Essig
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009799:Ocular Physiological Phenomena; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D016879:Salvage Therapy / Q000379:methods*