title: Vibrio parahaemolyticus elevates interferon alpha production in intestinal-like epithelial Caco-2 cells.
abstract: Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of gastroenteritis from seafood consumption. We tried to determine how the gene expression levels of intestinal-like epithelial cells (Caco-2 cells) and mouse intestinal loop mucosal cells change upon infection with this bacterium. Since we found the robust production of interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) by the V. parahaemolyticus infection, we also assessed the upregulation of a number of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). The expressions of IFN protein were determined by Western blotting, and the gene expressions of Caco-2 cells after V. parahaemolyticus infection were determined by quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Three ISGs (i.e., IFN-alpha-inducible protein 15, IFN-alpha-inducible protein 6-16, and IFN-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1) were upregulated by V. parahaemolyticus infection. Infection induced the production of IFN-alpha, but not IFN-beta or IFN-gamma. The upregulation of the 3 ISGs was suppressed by treatment with a neutralizing IFN-alpha antibody. Moreover, the production of infection-induced IFN-alpha was found in the mouse intestinal loop mucosal cells. V. parahaemolyticus infection of Caco-2 cells results in IFN-alpha production and the expression of IFN-regulated genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Kuramoto-cho 3-18-15, Tokushima City, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mawatari
authors.forename: Nagakatsu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hosaka
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakaya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007422:Intestines / Q000166:cytology / Q000382:microbiology*; D051379:Mice; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D014736:Vibrio parahaemolyticus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*
chemical_list: D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011506:Proteins