title: Changes of net charge and alpha-helical content affect the pharmacokinetic properties of human serum albumin.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of 17 genetic variants of human serum albumin with single-residue mutations and their corresponding normal albumin were studied in mice. In all cases, the plasma half-life was affected, but only variants with +2 changes in charge prolonged it, whereas changes in hydrophobicity decreased it. Good positive and negative correlations were found between changes in alpha-helical content taking place in domains I+III and domain II, respectively, and changes in half-lives. No correlation was found to type of mutation or to changes in heat stability as represented by DeltaH(v). Liver and kidney uptake clearances were also modified: alpha-helical changes of domains I+III showed good negative correlations to both types of clearances, whereas changes in domain II only had a good positive correlation to kidney uptake clearance. No correlation between the other molecular changes and organ uptakes was observed. The relatively few correlations between changes in molecular characteristics and the organ uptakes of the variants are most probably due to different handling by plasma enzyme(s) and the various types of cell endocytosis. Of the latter, most lead to destruction of albumin, but at least one results in recycling of the protein. The present information should be useful when designing recombinant, therapeutical albumins or albumin products with a modified plasma half-life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwao
authors.forename: Mikako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hiraike
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kragh-Hansen
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mera
authors.forename: Taishi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anraku
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otagiri
mesh_terms: D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007477:Ions / Q000737:chemistry; D008958:Models, Molecular; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D017354:Point Mutation; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D017510:Protein Folding; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D050505:Mutant Proteins; D012709:Serum Albumin