title: Cognitive impairment: classification and open issues.
abstract: Several clinically-defined cognitive impairment syndromes, with differing diagnostic criteria and nomenclature, have been proposed to describe nondisabling symptomatic cognitive deficits. Incidence and prevalence rates vary as a result of different diagnostic criteria and sampling procedures across studies. The incidence rates of cognitive impairment increase with age; but no consistent data have been reported on the association with family history, age, sex, education, Apo E4 genotype, depression, and other traditional risk factors for dementia. Several studies have suggested that most patients with cognitive impairment clinically defined will progress to Alzheimer Disease (AD), but rates of conversion vary widely among studies. This review summarizes existing definitions and related epidemiological data.
authors.affiliation: CNR Aging Section, Institute of Neuroscience, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Basso
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Limongi
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Siviero
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Romanato
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noale
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maggi
authors.forename: Leontino
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Battistin
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Crepaldi
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000209:etiology; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000145:classification* / Q000150:complications; D003704:Dementia / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4