title: Addiction treatment services and co-occurring disorders: the ASAM-PPC-2R taxonomy of program dual diagnosis capability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The ASAM-PPC-2R taxonomy of addiction treatment program dual diagnosis capability provides a conceptual model of services for persons with co-occurring substance use and psychiatric disorders. However, no objective study of this model has been conducted.
  
  
  METHODS
  This paper describes a survey of addiction treatment providers (n = 453) who were asked to identify their program as Addiction Only Services (AOS), Dual Diagnosis Capable (DDC) or Dual Diagnosis Enhanced (DDE). The survey also queried providers on prevalence estimates, clinical practices, and perceived barriers to treating persons with co-occurring substance use and psychiatric disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With brief definitions available to respondents, 92.9% of providers surveyed categorized their program as: AOS (23.0%), DDC (65.3%) or DDE (11.6%). Patient characteristics, clinical practices, and barriers to effective treatments varied by program dual diagnosis capability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings support the utility of the ASAM dual diagnosis capability taxonomy, and suggest specific avenues for system and program assessment and future research.
authors.affiliation: Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA. mark.p.mcgovern@dartmouth.edu
authors.forename: Mark P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: McGovern
authors.forename: Haiyi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Acquilano
authors.forename: Samuel R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Segal
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Siembab
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Drake
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017831:Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States