title: Long-term continence after surgery for Hirschsprung's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to examine the long-term bowel dysfunction that followed surgery for Hirschsprung's disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 414 patients diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease between 1974 and 2002, 98 were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to provide an assessment of bowel function, medication, diet, physical and social limitations. Forty-two completed a prospective 4-week toileting diary and 16 underwent anorectal manometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four of the 98 patients had permanent stomas and 10 had Down's syndrome. Of the remaining 84 patients (mean age 12 +/- 8 years, range 1.9-41.9 years), 13% (11/84) had heavy soiling by day and 17% (14/84) by night. Fifty percent reported episodic urgency, but 36% also reported episodic constipation. Stool consistency was looser in patients with a history of long segment disease. Some aspects of bowel function improved with age. Enuresis was much more frequent than expected. Sixty-four percent reported adverse reactions to foods, particularly to fruit, vegetables, fats and diary products, and 15% limited their social activities because of fecal incontinence. There were no significant differences in manometric parameters between those patients who soiled and those who did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fecal incontinence is common after surgery for Hirschsprung's disease and has a significant impact on social activities. Some aspects of bowel function did improve with age. Adverse reactions to food were unexpectedly frequent and need to be further studied.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. tony.cattosmith@rch.org.au
authors.forename: Anthony G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Catto-Smith
authors.forename: Misel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trajanovska
authors.forename: Russell G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003248:Constipation; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D003967:Diarrhea; D004032:Diet; D004775:Enuresis; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006627:Hirschsprung Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors