title: Patterns and predictors of tobacco smoking cessation: a hospital-based study of pregnant women in Lebanon.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe patterns of cigarette and narghile (hubble-bubble or water-pipe) smoking before and during pregnancy and identify predictors of successful smoking cessation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey was conducted on 4660 pregnant women who delivered single live births between September 1st, 2001 and December 31st, 2002 at five hospitals in Beirut, Lebanon. Women were classified into four groups according to patterns of tobacco use before and during pregnancy: 1) consistent non-users, 2) successful quitters, 3) unsuccessful quitters and 4) consistent users.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High education (OR = 2.03, 95% CI: 0.99-4.15), adequate prenatal care (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.02-2.91) and mild smoking at baseline (OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.36-4.09) were main determinants of successful cigarette smoking cessation, whereas successful quitters of narghile use were more likely to be nulliparous (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.08-2.99) or to have a nonsmoking partner (OR = 7.57, 95 % CI: 2.31-24.78).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Different populations should be targeted when designing smoking cessation interventions for cigarette and narghile users.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. kayunis@aub.edu.lb
authors.forename: Kalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yunis
authors.forename: Hind
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Beydoun
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nakad
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khogali
authors.forename: Faysal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shatila
authors.forename: Hala
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007861:Lebanon; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome