title: Immunoglobulin light chain (IgL) genes in zebrafish: Genomic configurations and inversional rearrangements between (V(L)-J(L)-C(L)) gene clusters.
abstract: In mammals, Immunoglobulin light chain (IgL) are localized to two chromosomal regions (designated kappa and lambda). Here we report a genome-wide survey of IgL genes in the zebrafish revealing (V(L)-J(L)-C(L)) clusters spanning 5 separate chromosomes. To elucidate IgL loci present in the zebrafish genome assembly (Zv6), conventional sequence similarity searches and a novel scanning approach based on recombination signal sequence (RSS) motifs were applied. RT-PCR with zebrafish cDNA was used to confirm annotations, evaluate VJ-rearrangement possibilities and show that each chromosomal locus is expressed. In contrast to other vertebrates in which IgL exon usage has been studied, inversional rearrangement between (V(L)-J(L)-C(L)) clusters were found. Inter-cluster rearrangements may convey a selective advantage for editing self-reactive receptors and poise zebrafish by virtue of their extensive numbers of V(L), J(L) and C(L) to have greater potential for immunoglobulin gene shuffling than traditionally studied mice and human models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. zimmermana@cofc.edu >
authors.forename: Anastasia M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.forename: Gene
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Howe
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Maddox
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Steiner
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics; D015328:Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Light Chain; D050439:Genes, Immunoglobulin Light Chain; D007127:Immunoglobulin Constant Regions / Q000235:genetics; D007133:Immunoglobulin Joining Region / Q000235:genetics; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D010802:Phylogeny; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D007127:Immunoglobulin Constant Regions; D007133:Immunoglobulin Joining Region; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region