title: Dopamine neurons encode the better option in rats deciding between differently delayed or sized rewards.
abstract: The dopamine system is thought to be involved in making decisions about reward. Here we recorded from the ventral tegmental area in rats learning to choose between differently delayed and sized rewards. As expected, the activity of many putative dopamine neurons reflected reward prediction errors, changing when the value of the reward increased or decreased unexpectedly. During learning, neural responses to reward in these neurons waned and responses to cues that predicted reward emerged. Notably, this cue-evoked activity varied with size and delay. Moreover, when rats were given a choice between two differently valued outcomes, the activity of the neurons initially reflected the more valuable option, even when it was not subsequently selected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSF-2 S251, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA. mroes001@umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Roesch
authors.forename: Donna J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Calu
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schoenbaum
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001058:Apomorphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003463:Cues; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009812:Odorants; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D012201:Reward; D013998:Time Perception / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017557:Ventral Tegmental Area / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D001058:Apomorphine; D004298:Dopamine