Meta-analysis of studies investigating one-year effectiveness of transdermal nicotine patches for smoking cessation.
OBJECTIVE
The one-year effectiveness of transdermal nicotine patches versus placebo patches for smoking cessation based on continuous or sustained abstinence was studied.


METHODS
A literature search of MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to April 2006 was conducted. Articles containing relevant keywords were reviewed by two evaluators independently. To be considered for inclusion in the meta-analysis, studies had to be randomized clinical trials with a transdermal nicotine patch group and a placebo patch group, had to include at least one year of follow-up, had to have abstinence biochemically verified, and had to include the odds ratio (OR) as an outcome measure.


RESULTS
Sixteen trials met the selection criteria. The total number of subjects was 9457 (6084 in the nicotine patch group and 3373 in the placebo patch group). The pooled OR for smoking abstinence at one year for the nicotine patch group versus the placebo patch group was 1.79 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.55-2.08). The pooled OR for one-year continuous or sustained abstinence for the nicotine patch compared with placebo, excluding four studies reporting only point-prevalence abstinence, was 1.75 (95% CI, 1.49-2.05).


CONCLUSIONS
A meta-analysis of trials of transdermal nicotine patch therapy versus placebo for smoking cessation yielded ORs for smoking abstinence of about 1.8 at one year after the start of therapy. ORs were similar whether the endpoint was point-prevalence abstinence, continuous or sustained abstinence, or both.
Myung
Seung Kwon
SK
Smoking Cessation Clinic and Center for Cancer Prevention and Detection, National Cancer Center, Goyangsi, Republic of Korea.
Yoo
Keun-Young
KY
Oh
Seung Won
SW
Park
Seong Hi
SH
Seo
Hong Gwan
HG
Hwang
Seung Sik
SS
Park
Sue Kyung
SK
D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D006801:Humans; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010919:Placebos; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D010919:Placebos; D009538:Nicotine