Syringe possession arrests are associated with receptive syringe sharing in two Mexico-US border cities.
OBJECTIVE
To identify factors associated with receptive syringe sharing among injection drug users (IDUs) and elucidate the association between syringe possession arrests and syringe sharing.


METHODS
Cross-sectional study.


METHODS
Mexican border cities of Tijuana, Baja California and Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua.


METHODS
IDUs in Tijuana (n = 222) and Ciudad Juarez (n = 206) were recruited using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). IDUs were > or = 18 years and had injected illicit drugs in the past month.


METHODS
An interviewer-administered survey was used to collect quantitative data on socio-demographic, behavioral and contextual characteristics, including self-reported syringe sharing and arrests for syringe possession. Associations with receptive syringe sharing were investigated using logistic regression with RDS adjustment.


RESULTS
Overall, 48% of participants reported ever being arrested for carrying an unused/sterile syringe, even though syringe purchase and possession is legal in Mexico. Arrest for possessing unused/sterile syringes was associated independently with receptive syringe sharing [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26, 3.35], as was injecting in a shooting gallery (AOR = 3.60; 95% CI: 2.21, 5.87), injecting in the street (AOR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.18, 3.54) and injecting methamphetamine (AOR = 2.77; 95% CI: 1.41, 5.47) or cocaine (AOR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.15, 3.36). More than half of participants (57%) had been arrested for possessing a used syringe; in a second model, arrest for used syringe possession was also associated independently with receptive sharing (AOR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.76, 4.69).


CONCLUSIONS
We documented high levels of syringe-related arrests in two Mexican-US border cities and an independent association between these arrests and risky injection practices. Public health collaborations with law enforcement to modify the risk environment in which drug use occurs are essential to facilitate safer injection practices.
Pollini
Robin A
RA
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA. rpollini@ucsd.edu
Brouwer
Kimberly C
KC
Lozada
Remedios M
RM
Ramos
Rebeca
R
Cruz
Michelle F
MF
Magis-Rodriguez
Carlos
C
Case
Patricia
P
Burris
Scott
S
Pu
Minya
M
Frost
Simon D W
SD
Palinkas
Lawrence A
LA
Miller
Cari
C
Strathdee
Steffanie A
SA
D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D035846:Law Enforcement; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D016485:Needle Sharing / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000523:psychology*; D013594:Syringes