title: Childbirth, abortion and subsequent substance use in young women: a population-based longitudinal study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the possible linkages between deliveries, abortions and subsequent nicotine dependence, alcohol problems and use of cannabis and other illegal drugs from the ages of 15-27 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were gathered as part of the Young in Norway Longitudinal Study, an 11-year follow-up of a representative sample of Norwegian adolescents and young adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Information was obtained on (i) the history of childbirths and induced abortions for the participants between the ages of 15-27 years; (ii) measures of nicotine dependence, alcohol problems and use of cannabis and other illegal drugs; and (iii) socio-demographic, family and individual confounding factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Those who had had an abortion had elevated rates of substance use and problems. Those who gave birth to a child had reduced rates of alcohol problems and cannabis use. These associations persisted after control for confounders. However, those women who still lived with the father of the aborted fetus were not at increased risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Abortion in women may, under some circumstances, be associated with increased risk of nicotine dependence, alcohol problems and use of cannabis and other illegal drugs. The birth of a child may reduce the use of some substances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociology and Human Geography, University of Oslo, and Norwegian Social Research, Oslo, Norway. willy.pedersen@sosiologi.uio.no
authors.forename: Willy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pedersen
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced / Q000523:psychology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology*; D002188:Cannabis / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D036801:Parturition / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000523:psychology*