title: No effect of exercise on colon mucosal prostaglandin concentrations: a 12-month randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epidemiologic studies provide evidence that exercise is associated with reduced risk of colon cancer. Exercise may exert protective effects on the colon by influencing prostaglandin production. We hypothesized that an exercise intervention would decrease prostaglandin E(2) concentrations and increase prostaglandin F(2alpha) in colon biopsies compared with controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 12-month randomized controlled trial testing the effects of exercise on colon mucosal prostaglandin concentrations was conducted in men (n=95) and women (n=89). The exercise intervention included moderate-to-vigorous aerobic activity, 60 min/d, 6 days/wk versus controls. Prostaglandin E(2) and F(2alpha) concentrations were measured in colon biopsies using an enzyme-linked immunoassay at baseline and at 12 months to assess changes in mean concentration for each group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline colon prostaglandin E(2) and F(2alpha) concentrations were not correlated with age, race, education, family history of colon cancer, previous polyps, body size, diet, smoking, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use, metabolic factors, or sex hormone levels. For both men and women, the exercise and control groups showed no change in mean prostaglandin E(2) or F(2alpha) between the baseline and 12-month biopsies. There was no difference in mean prostaglandin concentrations between exercisers and controls when exercisers were grouped by level of intervention adherence. Results were not modified by baseline age, body mass index, percentage of body fat, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use, history of adenomatous polyps, or family history of colon cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 12-month moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic exercise intervention did not result in significant changes in colon mucosal prostaglandin concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA.
authors.forename: Page E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Abrahamson
authors.forename: Irena B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Cornelia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.forename: Rebecca E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Rudolph
authors.forename: Melinda L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Irwin
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Surawicz
authors.forename: Johanna W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lampe
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Lampe
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: Bess E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Sorensen
authors.forename: Kamran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ayub
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McTiernan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D012809:Colon, Sigmoid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000378:metabolism*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D015237:Dinoprost; D015232:Dinoprostone