title: A phase II study on stereotactic body radiotherapy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The outcome of stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with conventional radiotherapy is inferior to that of patients treated surgically. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcome of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in the treatment of stage I NSCLC.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed SBRT for 31 stage I NSCLC patients. Of these, 20 were medically inoperable, and 11 refused surgery. Nineteen tumours were T1-stage masses, and 12 tumours were T2. Median tumour size was 25 mm. SBRT was administered as 45 Gy/3 fractions; however, when the tumour was close to an organ at risk, 60 Gy/8 fractions were used. These doses were prescribed at the centre of the tumours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median duration of observation for all patients was 32 months (range, 4-87 months). In 9 of the 31 cases, local recurrence was observed. The 3-year local control rates of T1 and T2 tumours were 77.9% and 40.0%, respectively. The 3-year overall and cause-specific survival rates were 71.7% and 83.5%, respectively. Although the symptoms improved with medical treatment, 5 patients developed acute pulmonary toxicity > or =grade 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SBRT is safe and effective for stage I NSCLC patients. However, a more intensive treatment regimen should be considered for T2 tumours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aobaku, Sendai, Japan. koto@rad.med.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koto
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takai
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Chiaki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Keith R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Britton
authors.forename: Kei-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jingu
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takai
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mitsuya
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nemoto
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D016634:Radiosurgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome