title: The effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the cellular activity of SaOS-2 cells.
abstract: Although pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have been used for treatments of nonunion bone fracture healing for more than three decades, the underlying cellular mechanism of bone formation promoted by PEMFs is still unclear. It has been observed that a series of parameters such as pulse shape and frequency should be carefully controlled to achieve effective treatments. In this article, the effects of PEMFs with repetitive pulse burst waveform on the cellular activity of SaOS-2 osteoblast-like cells were investigated. In particular, cell proliferation and mineralization due to the imposed PEMFs were assessed through direct cell counts, the MTT assay, tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining. PEMF stimulation with repetitive pulse burst waveform did not affect metabolic activity and cell number. However, the ALP activity of SaOS-2 cells and mineral nodule formation increased significantly after PEMF stimulation. These observations suggest that repetitive pulse burst PEMF does not affect cellular metabolism; however, it may play a role in the enhancement of SaOS-2 cell mineralization. We are currently investigating cellular responses under different PEMF waveforms and Western blots for protein expression of bone mineralization specific proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.
authors.forename: Carlos F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Belchenko
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nielsen-Preiss
authors.forename: H Jerry
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000528:radiation effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000528:radiation effects; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D006801:Humans; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011829:Radiation Dosage