title: Aldosterone-mediated apical targeting of ENaC subunits is blunted in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with a significant polyuria and natriuesis as well as increased plasma aldosterone and anti-diuretic hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP). This study aimed to determine whether diabetic kidneys compensate for the urinary sodium and water losses by increasing apical targeting of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) subunits and aquaporin-2 (AQP2) in the collecting duct, in addition to the previously observed changes in ENaC subunit protein expression in different kidney zones.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female rats were investigated 2 weeks after induction of DM by streptozotocin administration. Kidneys were examined by immunohistochemisty and semiquantitative immunoblotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We demonstrated that the protein expression of renal AQP2, Ser-256 phosphorylated AQP2, AQP3, beta- and gamma-ENaC (but not alpha-ENaC) increased consistently with an increased AVP response. In contrast, there were no significant changes in the relative apical targeting of beta-, gamma- and alpha-ENaC, and the shift in the molecular weight of gamma-ENaC from 85 kDa to 70 kDa was not observed despite increased plasma aldosterone levels. These results were supported by changes in the functional data showing increased solute-free water reabsorption, increased fractional excretion of sodium and an unchanged ratio of potassium to sodium in the urine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data demonstrate that diabetic kidneys have a reduced sensitivity to the anti-natriuretic action of elevated plasma aldosterone levels with no relative increase in ENaC subunit apical targeting, whereas there is increased expression of beta- and gamma-ENaC, which alone may play a role in the increased sodium reabsorption in the kidney in DM.
authors.affiliation: The Water and Salt Research Center, Building 233/234, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: Janne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lebeck
authors.forename: Patrick B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Tae-Hwan
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Jørgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frøkiaer
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nielsen
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D051399:Aquaporin 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051400:Aquaporin 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D053503:Epithelial Sodium Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D009318:Natriuresis; D021122:Protein Subunits; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: C496025:Aqp2 protein, rat; C496029:Aqp3 protein, rat; D051399:Aquaporin 2; D053503:Epithelial Sodium Channels; D021122:Protein Subunits; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D051400:Aquaporin 3; D000450:Aldosterone