Noncovalent labeling of biomolecules with red and near- infrared dyes.
Biopolymers such as proteins and nucleic acids can be labeled with a fluorescent marker to allow for their detection. Covalent labeling is achieved by the reaction of an appropriately functionalized dye marker with a reactive group on a biomolecule. The recent trend, however, is the use of noncovalent labeling that results from strong hydrophobic and/or ionic interactions between the marker and biomolecule of interest. The main advantage of noncovalent labeling is that it affects the functional activity of the biomolecule to a lesser extent. The applications of luminescent cyanine and squarylium dyes are reviewed.
Patonay
Gabor
G
Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, University Plaza, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA. cheggp@panther.gsu.edu
Salon
Jozef
J
Sowell
John
J
Strekowski
Lucjan
L
D001704:Biopolymers / Q000032:analysis*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D007259:Infrared Rays; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis*
D001704:Biopolymers; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D009696:Nucleic Acids; D011506:Proteins