title: Polyamines stabilize left-handed Z-DNA: using X-ray crystallographic analysis, we have found a new type of polyamine (PA) that stabilizes left-handed Z-DNA.
abstract: There are many great reports of polyamine stabilization of the Z-DNA by bridge conformation between neighboring, symmetry-related Z-DNA in the packing of crystals. However, polyamine binding to the minor groove of Z-DNA and stabilizing the Z-DNA structure has been rarely reported. We proved that the synthesized polyamines bind to the minor groove of Z-DNA and stabilize the conformation under various conditions, by X-ray crystallographic study. These polyamines consist of a polyamine nano wire structure. The modes of the polyamine interaction were changed under different conditions. It is the first example that the crystals consisted of metal free structure. This finding provides a basis for clarifying B-Z transition mechanics.
authors.affiliation: Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohishi
authors.forename: Mamiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Odoko
authors.forename: Kazimierz
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grzeskowiak
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hiyama
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: Naoyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maezaki
authors.forename: Toshimasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Tetsuaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okabe
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuyama
authors.forename: Da-Yang
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakatani
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D043542:DNA, Z-Form / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D007536:Isomerism; D008956:Models, Chemical; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D009691:Nucleic Acid Denaturation; D011073:Polyamines / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D043542:DNA, Z-Form; D011073:Polyamines