title: Careful examination of thyroid specimen intraoperatively to reduce incidence of inadvertent parathyroidectomy during thyroid surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the incidence and clinical relevance of inadvertent parathyroidectomy during thyroidectomy, and the possibility of reducing its occurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients who underwent thyroidectomy from 1999 to 2005, divided into 2 groups (group 1, those with inadvertent parathyroidectomy; and group 2, those without inadvertent parathyroidectomy). Patients who underwent surgical procedures for recurrent thyroid disease, intentional parathyroidectomy, and resection of central compartment viscera were excluded.
  
  
  METHODS
  All pathology reports were reviewed for the presence of any parathyroid tissue in the resected specimen. Age, sex, preoperative diagnosis, thyroid hormonal status, substernal thyroid extension, number of parathyroid glands identified and spared at the time of surgery, autotransplantation of parathyroid gland, and final histologic findings were recorded.
  
  
  METHODS
  Identification of parathyroid tissue in resected specimens and postoperative symptomatic hypocalcemia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 307 patients were included. Surgical procedures included bilateral or unilateral thyroidectomy (95% and 5% of procedures, respectively). Central neck lymph node dissection was performed in 5% of cases. Pathologic findings showed inadvertent parathyroidectomy in 12% of cases. Of these, 32% were recognized intraoperatively. The parathyroid tissue was found in extracapsular locations in 37% of cases, intracapsular locations in 39%, and intrathyroidal locations in 24%. There was no statistical difference between the 2 groups in terms of sex, preoperative diagnosis, substernal extension, extent of surgery, pathologic diagnosis, and occurrence of postoperative hypocalcemia, except for the presence of thyroiditis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Careful examination of the surgical specimen intraoperatively decreases the incidence of inadvertent parathyroidectomy during thyroidectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Alfred Naccache Street, Beirut, Lebanon. dbabboud@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Bassam
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Abboud
authors.forename: Ghassan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sleilaty
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Braidy
authors.forename: Salam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeineddine
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ghorra
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Abadjian
authors.forename: Bassam
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tabchy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D008297:Male; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016105:Parathyroidectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013965:Thyroidectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*