title: Differentiation of opium and poppy straw using capillary electrophoresis and pattern recognition techniques.
abstract: Opium samples from four different locations and poppy straw from different plant varieties have been assayed using micellar capillary electrophoresis incorporating a sweeping technique. Individual alkaloids (morphine, codeine, papaverine, noscapine, thebaine, oripavine, reticuline and narceine) were quantitatively determined in the different samples by a validated capillary electrophoresis method. Unsupervised pattern recognition of the opium samples and the poppy straw samples using hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), showed distinct clusters. Supervised pattern recognition using soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) was performed to show individual groupings and allow unknown samples to be classified according to the models built using the CZE assay results.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, The Robert Gordon University, Schoolhill, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, UK. r.reid@rgu.ac.uk
authors.forename: Raymond G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Durham
authors.forename: Susanne P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.forename: Ann S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Low
authors.forename: Jinda
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wangboonskul
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003681:Dehydration; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D007194:India; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009892:Opium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D010207:Papaver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D019071:Persia; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D014421:Turkey; D015022:Yugoslavia
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D028321:Plant Preparations; D009892:Opium