title: Human gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor alpha2 gene moderates the acute effects of alcohol and brain mRNA expression.
abstract: Gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A)) receptors moderate several of the behavioral effects of alcohol. In fact, recent studies have shown an association between the gene for the alpha2-subunit of the GABA(A) receptor (GABRA2) and alcoholism. In the present study, we examined the functional relevance of the GABRA2 gene in alcohol dependence by assessing brain GABRA2 mRNA and GABA(A)alpha2-subunit protein levels in post-mortem prefrontal cortical tissue collected from control and alcohol-dependent individuals. In addition, using an endophenotype approach, we tested whether the GABRA2 gene moderates sensitivity to the acute effects of alcohol in two independent samples from distinct human alcohol challenge studies. Results indicated that GABRA2 mRNA levels significantly differed by GABRA2 genotype. GABRA2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs573400, rs279871 and rs279858) were significantly associated with sensitivity to the acute effects of alcohol. Specifically, there was a significant main effect of GABRA2 x breath alcohol concentration on several measures of subjective responses to alcohol, including the hedonic value of alcohol. Importantly, reanalysis of a previous intravenous alcohol administration study confirmed the results of the oral alcohol challenge study. In summary, these results extend previous findings and provide new insights into the putative biobehavioral mechanisms that may moderate the association between the GABRA2 gene, sensitivity to the acute effects of alcohol and ultimately alcohol dependence.
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Psychology, Boulder, CO, USA. HMH8F@hscmail.mcc.virginia.edu
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Haughey
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Finan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Villanueva
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niculescu
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Hutchison
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020268:Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005820:Genetic Testing; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000235:genetics*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; C484841:GABRA2 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D000431:Ethanol; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid