title: Impact of systemic hypoxemia on cancer aggressiveness and circulating vascular endothelial growth factors A and C in gastroesophageal cancer patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Due to the common etiologic factor, a considerable number of esophagogastric cancer patients suffer from respiratory insufficiency in course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, primary to cancer. Systemic hypoxemia may account for poor oxygenation of tumor tissue-a main driving force of tumor neoangiogenesis. We hypothesized that in cancer patients with respiratory insufficiency, systemic hypoxemia may be related to enhanced aggressiveness of cancer on one side and to the elevation of angiogenic factors on the other.
  
  
  METHODS
  The levels of vascular endothelial growth factors A and C were determined with immunoenzymatic methods in patients diagnosed with esophagogastric cancer with or without co-existing respiratory insufficiency in course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in healthy controls. Blood gasometry and hemoglobin levels of cancer patients were related to cancer histology and TNM status, and to circulating vascular endothelial growth factors A and C.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with systemic hypoxemia had higher incidence rates of locally advanced tumors. Partial oxygen pressure and blood oxygen saturation were significantly lowered in patients with T4 cancers as compared to less advanced ones. Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor A, but not C, was more elevated in esophagogastric cancer patients with co-existing respiratory insufficiency, as compared to those without respiratory insufficiency. Vascular endothelial growth factor A was also strongly related to the extension of primary tumor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that systemic hypoxemia in esophagogastric cancer patients is associated with the extension of primary tumor and that this effect might be mediated by the up-regulation of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor A.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Silesian Piasts University of Medicine, Wroclaw, Poland. krzystek@bioch.am.wroc.pl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krzystek-Korpacka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matusiewicz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Diakowska
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grabowski
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blachut
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kustrzeba-Wojcicka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gamian
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood*; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C