title: [Laser stapedotomy--the modern solution of otosclerotic stapes fixation].
abstract: Development of surgical treatment of otosclerotic stapes fixation has been one of the success stories of otology for the past five decades. Nowadays not only stapedectomy and partial stapedectomy, but stapedotomy can also be considered a well established otological procedure.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To introduce this minimally invasive surgical technique into the Hungarian otolaryngology practice, to gain useful experiences, and to analyze the hearing improvements and postoperative complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors give account of their first clinical experiences with 14 patients with KTP laser assisted stapedotomies using the self-crimping Nitinol piston. A total of 14 patients (11 females, 3 males) who have undergone the procedure between March 2006 and April 2007 were reviewed. The average age of the patients was 42,2 years, 6 procedures were carried out on left ears and 8 on right ones. The average length of follow-up was 9 months (ranged from 6 weeks to 1 year).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pure tone audiograms documented a hearing threshold improvement of 21,5 dB averaged across 0,5-1-2-3 kHz frequencies. The air-bone gap improvement averaged on the same frequencies was 18,7 dB. After an average 9 months postoperative follow-up period, the average air-bone gap was < 10 dB in 85% of the patients, however, < 20 dB in 100% of the patients. As for the average air conduction result: it was < 30 dB in each patient except for one. In this series, neither facial nerve paresis nor high frequency deterioration of the bone conduction thresholds was reported in the postoperative follow-up period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the authors' favourable experiences and the review of the literature, KTP laser assisted stapedotomy with the use of Nitinol piston has several advantages: 1) the laser-activated memory effect of the piston prevents the disadvantages of the crimping manoeuvre made around the long process of the incus; 2) vertigo, experienced in the early postoperative period is milder and takes shorter time, reducing the length of hospitalisation; 3) the procedure is cost-effective and minimally invasive; 4) application of KTP laser assures bloodless operating field and minimal cochlear trauma; 5) migration of the prosthesis can be prevented, the degree of the surrounding granulation is less; 6) high frequency hearing improvement can be achieved in the long run; 7) the frequency and seriousness of complications is less, therefore this technique can be recommended for inexperienced ear surgeons, too; 8) the procedure can be used in difficult situations, too, e.g.: in the presence of stapedial artery, obliterative otosclerosis, flooting footplate, abnormal position of the facial nerve in the middle ear, revision cases; 9) the interindividual differences of hearing results are much less. Based on their favourable initial experiences, the authors plan to conduct a long-term follow-up on greater number of patients.
authors.affiliation: Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Altalános Orvostudományi Kar Fül-orr-gégészeti és Fej-nyaksebészeti Klinika Pécs Munkácsy M. u. 2. 7621. i.gerlinger@freemail.hu
authors.forename: Imre
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gerlinger
authors.forename: Péter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bakó
authors.forename: István
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Szanyi
authors.forename: Péter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Móricz
authors.forename: Gábor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ráth
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lujber
authors.forename: Krisztina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moric
authors.forename: József
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pytel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000497:Alloys; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D005260:Female; D006314:Hearing Loss, Conductive / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary; D007834:Lasers; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D010040:Otosclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013201:Stapes Surgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D014717:Vertigo / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; C013616:nitinol