A high-fat diet raises fasting plasma CCK but does not affect upper gut motility, PYY, and ghrelin, or energy intake during CCK-8 infusion in lean men.
There is evidence from studies in animals that the effects of both fat and CCK on gastrointestinal function and energy intake are attenuated by consumption of a high-fat diet. In humans, the effects of exogenous CCK-8 on antropyloroduodenal motility, plasma CCK, peptide YY (PYY), and ghrelin concentrations, appetite, and energy intake are attenuated by a high-fat diet. Ten healthy lean males consumed isocaloric diets (~15,400 kJ per day), containing either 44% (high-fat, HF) or 9% (low-fat, LF) fat, for 21 days in single-blind, randomized, cross-over fashion. Immediately following each diet (i.e., on day 22), subjects received a 45-min intravenous infusion of CCK-8 (2 ng.kg(-1).min(-1)), and effects on antropyloroduodenal motility, plasma CCK, PYY, ghrelin concentrations, hunger, and fullness were determined. Thirty minutes after commencement of the infusion, subjects were offered a buffet-style meal, from which energy intake (in kilojoules) was quantified. Body weight was unaffected by the diets. Fasting CCK (P < 0.05), but not PYY and ghrelin, concentrations were greater following the HF, compared with the LF, diet. Infusion of CCK-8 stimulated pyloric pressures (P < 0.01) and suppressed antral and duodenal pressures (P < 0.05), with no difference between the diets. Energy intake also did not differ between the diets. Short-term consumption of a HF diet increases fasting plasma CCK concentrations but does not affect upper gut motility, PYY and ghrelin, or energy intake during CCK-8 infusion, in a dose of 2 ng.kg(-1).min(-1), in healthy males.
Little
Tanya J
TJ
University of Adelaide Discipline of Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Feltrin
Kate L
KL
Horowitz
Michael
M
Meyer
James H
JH
Wishart
Judith
J
Chapman
Ian M
IM
Feinle-Bisset
Christine
C
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000097:blood*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000502:physiology; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects*; D005215:Fasting / Q000378:metabolism; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000097:blood*; D011706:Pyloric Antrum / Q000502:physiology; D012844:Sincalide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016037:Single-Blind Method
D004041:Dietary Fats; D054439:Ghrelin; D019894:Peptide YY; D002766:Cholecystokinin; D012844:Sincalide