title: Priming of CD4+ T cells with porin of Shigella dysenteriae activates the cells toward type 1 polarization.
abstract: Macrophages treated with porin of Shigella dysenteriae were potent stimulators of naive T(h) cells since the porin-pulsed macrophages strongly proliferated the T cells and up-regulated the activation molecules CD69 and CD25 on CD4(+) T cells in allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction. Immunization of C57BL/6 mice with porin selectively induced the intracellular expression and release of IFN-gamma and had no effect on IL-4 expression. In parallel to the predominant release of the T(h)1 cytokine IFN-gamma, up-regulation of CCR5 on the immune CD4(+) T cells and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of the T cell chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha and regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted showed T(h)1 bias. The porin-primed CD4(+) T cells expressed the mRNA for T-box expressed in T cells, a T(h)1-specific transcription factor confirming the adjuvant-induced transition of T cells to polarized effector T(h)1 cells. The immune CD4(+) T cells proliferated and released IL-2 and IFN-gamma profoundly in response to re-challenge with porin-pulsed macrophages but not to BSA-pulsed macrophages in vitro, which demonstrated the presence of porin-specific CD4(+) T cells of T(h)1 phenotype. The study highlights that porin has the capacity of an adjuvant to unfold and maintain the T cell function and thereby to activate adaptive immunity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, CIT Road, Scheme XM, Kolkata 700 010, West Bengal, India. shigellaporin@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Amlan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biswas
authors.forename: Pallavi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Tapas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Biswas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018272:Porins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D012762:Shigella dysenteriae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018272:Porins; D007371:Interferon-gamma