title: Transcytosis of Streptococcus iniae through skin epithelial barriers: an in vitro study.
abstract: By constructing a biological model based on in vitro culture of polarized rainbow trout primary skin epithelial cell monolayers, the series of early events that precede Streptococcus iniae infection, particularly colonization and translocation through external barriers, were analyzed. Streptococcus iniae promptly invades skin epithelial cells, but the rapid decline of viable intracellular bacteria points out the limited capability of intracellular survival for this bacterium. Translocation assays, supported by electron microscopy microphotographs, demonstrate that following successful in vitro invasion of skin epithelial cell, the bacterium exists free in the cytoplasm after release from the endosome, and translocates through the skin barrier. Bacterial invasion and transcytosis is not accompanied by apparent cell-line damages or disruption of host cells' tight junctions. It is hypothesized that the phenomenon of epithelial invasion coupled to the rapid translocation through the barrier plays a crucial role in Streptococcus iniae infection.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eyngor
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chilmonczyk
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zlotkin
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Manuali
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lahav
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ghittino
authors.forename: Roni
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shapira
authors.forename: Avshalom
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hurvitz
authors.forename: Avi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eldar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000382:microbiology; D011992:Endosomes / Q000382:microbiology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000382:microbiology*; D050296:Microbial Viability; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000502:physiology*