title: Mode of administration is important in US national estimates of health-related quality of life.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is unknown if different national surveys that vary in mode of administration yield similar national averages for health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Examine HRQoL scores from 4 surveys representative of the noninstitutionalized US adult population for patterns related to age, gender, and mode of administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  We use data from the Joint Canada/United States Survey of Health (JCUSH; telephone survey), 2002 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS; mail survey), National Health Measurement Study (NHMS; telephone survey), and US Valuation of the EuroQol EQ-5D Health States Survey (USVEQ; self-administered with interviewer present). We compare estimates from the EQ-5D, Visual Analog Scale, Health Utilities Index Mark 3, and general self-rated health stratified by age and gender. Scores were also regressed on age and gender within each survey and in a pooled analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We used 4939 subjects from JCUSH, 23,006 from MEPS, 3844 from NHMS, and 3878 from USVEQ. The majority of age and gender strata had instrument completion rates above 85%. Age- and gender-stratified estimates of HRQoL scores tended to be consistent when mode of administration (self- or interviewer-administered) was the same. Telephone administration yielded more positive HRQoL estimates than self-administration in older age groups. Older age groups and females reported lower HRQoL than younger age groups and males regardless of mode of administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When choosing survey-collected HRQoL scores for comparative purposes, analysts need to take mode of administration into account.
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53726, USA. jehanmer@wisc.edu
authors.forename: Janel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hanmer
authors.forename: Ron D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Hays
authors.forename: Dennis G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Fryback
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D017678:Sex Distribution; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology