Intermediate and long-term regulation of acid-base homeostasis.
The first part of this two-part article (Clancy and McVicar, 2007) identified acid and alkaline buffers in the body fluids as the body's short-term homeostatic mechanisms involved in maintaining the 'acid-base homeostasis' of body fluids. The second part of this article explores the respiratory and renal systems as the respective intermediate and long-term homeostatic mechanisms involved in maintaining acid-base homeostasis. It also discusses what happens if these mechanisms fail.
Clancy
John
J
School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, University of East Anglia, Norwich.
McVicar
Andrew
A
D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium / Q000502:physiology*; D000137:Acid-Base Imbalance / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000138:Acidosis / Q000378:metabolism; D000471:Alkalosis / Q000378:metabolism; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001826:Body Fluids; D015984:Causality; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology; D016294:Models, Nursing; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D009736:Nursing Process; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D012143:Respiratory Physiological Phenomena