title: Spontaneous peritonitis attributed to actinomyces species.
abstract: Abdominal actinomycosis is a rare condition caused by actinomyces species found in the normal flora of the oral cavity, gastrointestinal and genital tract. All cases reported describe localized forms demonstrating masses, pseudotumors or abscess during surgery or radiology studies and there are no reports about spontaneous peritonitis caused by actinomycetes. We report a case in which this disease present as symptomatic ascitic fluid infection refractory to antimicrobial therapy for intra- abdominal sepsis and detected during unsuspected cytology test. The case was successfully treated with a penicillin regimen. As a spontaneous peritonitis variety, the microbiology diagnosis remains difficult as we don't think in this form of abdominal actinomycosis not described previously in the literature. The present illustrative case strength the usefulness of cytology test in patients with suspected ascitic fluid infection refractory to a medical therapy.
authors.affiliation: Internist and neumologist. Department of Internal Medicine Regional General Hospital Health State System. Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico. rflores99@prontomail.com
authors.forename: Rene Agustin
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Flores-Franco
authors.forename: German Noe
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Lachica-Rodriguez
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Banuelos-Moreno
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gomez-Diaz
mesh_terms: D018784:Abdominal Abscess / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D000190:Actinomyces; D000196:Actinomycosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D000328:Adult; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000658:Amoxicillin