title: Low-dose mistletoe lectin-I reduces melanoma growth and spread in a scid mouse xenograft model.
abstract: This study investigates the effects of mistletoe lectin-I (ML-I) on melanoma growth and spread in vivo. The human melanoma cell line MV3 was xenografted into severe combined immunodeficient mice and vehicle solution or purified ML-I was administered at 30, 150 and 500 ng per kg body weight (20 mice per group) daily. After 19 days, mice were killed, primary tumours (PTs) and lungs were dissected out, and tumour weights, number of lung metastases (LMs), number of tumour-infiltrating dendritic cells (DCs), and apoptosis rates in the melanoma cells and in the DCs were assessed. A 35% reduction of PT weight (P=0.03) and a 55% decrease in number of LMs (P=0.016) were evident for low-dose ML-I (30 ng kg(-1)) treatment but not for higher doses. Mistletoe lectin-I increased apoptosis rates in the melanoma cells of PTs at all doses, while no induction of apoptosis was noted in the LMs. Low-dose ML-I significantly increased the number of DCs infiltrating the PTs (P<0.0001) and protected DCs against apoptosis, while higher doses induced apoptosis in the DCs (P<0.01). Our results demonstrate that low-dose ML-I reduced melanoma growth and number of metastases in vivo, primarily due to immunomodulatory effects.
authors.affiliation: Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Institut für Anatomie II: Experimentelle Morphologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany. thies@uke.uni-hamburg.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thies
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dautel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Pfüller
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schumacher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating; D008297:Male; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016513:Mice, SCID; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D054790:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014118:Toxins, Biological / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D028321:Plant Preparations; D010940:Plant Proteins; D054790:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 2; D014118:Toxins, Biological; C488862:mistletoe lectin I