title: Quality of care differs by patient characteristics: outcome disparities after ambulatory surgical procedures.
abstract: The surgery literature is filled with reports on racial or gender disparities in quality. However, whether patient demographics are risk factors for complications or death from ambulatory surgical procedures is unknown. This study explores whether racial, age, and gender outcome disparities exist after ambulatory surgeries. Patients studied included adults (>18 years) receiving common ambulatory surgical procedures (N = 3,174,436) in either a freestanding ambulatory surgical center or a hospital-based outpatient department during 1997-2004 in Florida. Results demonstrate that African Americans were at a significantly increased risk for either mortality or unexpected hospitalization in 4 of the 5 procedures examined, even after controlling for confounders. For women, unexpected hospital admission or mortality was less likely to occur after almost all procedures examined. Thus, many of the racial and gender disparities in the inpatient surgical literature are also observed in the ambulatory setting. More research is needed to determine the source of these disparities.
authors.affiliation: Center on Patient Safety, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahasse, FL 32306-4300, USA. nir.menachemi@med.fsu.edu
authors.forename: Nir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Menachemi
authors.forename: Askar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chukmaitov
authors.forename: L Steven
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Brooks
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010361:Patients; D011787:Quality of Health Care