title: Imaging microscopic viscosity with confocal scanning optical tweezers.
abstract: The techniques of confocal microscopy and optical tweezers have shown themselves to be powerful tools in biological and medical research. We combine these methods to develop a minimally invasive instrument that is capable of making hydrodynamic measurements more rapidly than is possible with other devices. This result leads to the possibility of making scanning images of the viscosity distribution of materials around biopolymer-producing cells. 100 x 100 images can be taken with 0.5-microm spatial resolution in 3 min. An image of the viscosity distribution around a pullulan-producing cell of Aureobasidium pullulans is shown as an example.
authors.forename: Boaz A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Nemet
authors.forename: Yossef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shabtai
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cronin-Golomb