title: Formation of helical beams by use of Pancharatnam-Berry phase optical elements.
abstract: Spiral phase elements with topological charges based on space-variant Pancharatnam-Berry phase optical elements are presented. Such elements can be achieved by use of continuous computer-generated space-variant subwavelength dielectric gratings. We present a theoretical analysis and experimentally demonstrate spiral geometrical phases for infrared radiation at a wavelength of 10.6microm .
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biener
authors.forename: Avi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Niv
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kleiner
authors.forename: Erez
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hasman