title: High incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus during or shortly after treatment with pegylated interferon alpha for chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Development of diabetes mellitus (DM) during or shortly after treatment with interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been reported sporadically. We prospectively screened for DM during and after IFN-alpha therapy for chronic HCV infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood glucose levels of patients with chronic HCV infection were routinely assessed at all outpatient visits during and after treatment with pegylated-IFN-alpha (Peg-IFN-alpha) and ribavirin (Riba).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between December 2002 and October 2005, 189 non-diabetic patients were treated with Peg-IFN-alpha/Riba, of whom five developed type 1 DM (2.6%), three type 2 DM (1.6%) and one an indeterminate type of DM. Classical symptoms of DM were present in three patients who developed DM shortly after cessation of Peg-IFN-alpha/Riba. In the other patients, symptoms of DM were either indistinguishable from side effects caused by Peg-IFN-alpha/Riba or absent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study showed a high incidence of type 1 DM during Peg-IFN-alpha/Riba therapy for chronic HCV infection. Symptoms of DM may be absent or mistaken for Peg-IFN-alpha/Riba-associated side effects. To diagnose DM without delay, we propose routine assessment of blood glucose at all outpatient visits during and after Peg-IFN-alpha/Riba treatment in chronic HCV patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, AMC Liver Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. t.c.schreuder@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: Tim C M A
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Schreuder
authors.forename: Huub C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Gelderblom
authors.forename: Christine J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Weegink
authors.forename: Dörte
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hamann
authors.forename: Henk W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Reesink
authors.forename: J Hans
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Devries
authors.forename: Joost B L
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hoekstra
authors.forename: Peter L M
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D015343:DNA Probes, HLA; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D015343:DNA Probes, HLA; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a