title: High diversity and complex evolution of fungal cytochrome P450 reductase: cytochrome P450 systems.
abstract: Cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) is the redox partner of P450 monooxygenases, involved in primary and secondary metabolism of eukaryotes. Two novel CPR genes, sharing 34% amino acid identity, were found in the filamentous ascomycete Cochliobolus lunatus. Fungal genomes were searched for putative CPR enzymes. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that multiple independent CPR duplication events occurred in fungi, whereas P450-CPR fusion occurred before the diversification of Dikarya and Zygomycota. Additionally, losses of methionine synthase reductase were found in certain fungal taxa; a truncated form of this enzyme was conserved in Pezizomycotina. In fungi, high numbers of cytochrome P450 enzymes, multiple CPRs, and P450-CPR fusion proteins were associated with filamentous growth. Evolution of multiple CPR-like oxidoreductases in filamentous fungi might have been driven by the complexity of biochemical functions necessitated by their growth form, as opposed to yeast.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia. ljerka.lah@ki.si
authors.forename: Ljerka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lah
authors.forename: Nada
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Krasevec
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Trontelj
authors.forename: Radovan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Komel
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005287:Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase / Q000235:genetics; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D020440:Gene Duplication; D050939:Gene Fusion; D014644:Genetic Variation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C111241:methionine synthase reductase; D005287:Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase