title: Blood phenylalanine monitoring for dietary compliance among patients with phenylketonuria: comparison of methods.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Blood phenylalanine monitoring is critical for the management of phenylketonuria. We compared three methods for measuring blood phenylalanine concentration: the amino acid analyzer, high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection, and tandem mass spectrometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 22 female patients with phenylketonuria, ages 12-48 years, who attended our Metabolic Camp. Blood was collected into heparinized tubes (for analysis by the amino acid analyzer) or filter paper (for analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection and tandem mass spectrometry).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood phenylalanine concentrations of plasma measured by the amino acid analyzer were significantly higher than those obtained from whole blood on filter paper by high-performance liquid chromatography (difference: 102 microM; 95% confidence interval: 23, 181) and tandem mass spectrometry (difference: 137 microM; 95% confidence interval: 58, 216). Phenylalanine concentrations from high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry were not significantly different (P = 0.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When monitoring blood phenylalanine concentrations for dietary compliance, clinicians should be mindful of the method being used; analyses of whole blood on filter paper were consistently approximately 15% lower than analyses of plasma.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Cria O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Gregory
authors.forename: Chunli
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Rani H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000097:blood*; D010661:Phenylketonurias / Q000178:diet therapy*
chemical_list: D010649:Phenylalanine