title: Detection of horse allergen around a stable.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Integrating horse stables with built-up areas may lead to conflicts. Dispersion of horse allergen may become a health risk for allergic people. The aim was to measure the dispersion of horse allergen around a stable, considering wind speed and direction and vegetation. The disturbance of staff at a workplace nearby a stable was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Air sampling was performed around a stable (32 horses) at distances of 50-500 m in all directions. Sampling was done with a pump and an IOM sampler. Samples were collected at 50 points during all seasons. Horse allergen levels were determined using ELISA. Disturbance by horses was studied with a questionnaire handed to the employees in an office near the stable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median horse allergen level at the stable entrance was 316 U/m(3), in the horse fields 40 U/m(3) and in the whole source area 16 U/m(3), which declined to <2 U/m(3) at about 50 m from the source area. Downwind of the prevailing winds low levels of horse allergen (2-4 U/m(3)) could sometimes be detected at up to 500 m. The staff, including those allergic to horses, managed to tolerate horses close to the workplace.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At low winds horse allergen spread in ambient air about 50 m from the stable and horse fields. At higher winds low allergen levels were sometimes found in open areas up to 500 m from the source area. These levels were similar to those found in the office after moving away from the stable area. The employees did not report more symptoms of allergy or asthma while working close to the stable compared to after the move.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. lena.elfman@medsci.uu.se
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Elfman
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brannstrom
authors.forename: Greta
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smedje
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000388:Air / Q000032:analysis; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis; D000485:Allergens / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006736:Horses / Q000276:immunology*; D006799:Housing, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis; D012130:Respiratory Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology; D012621:Seasons; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014919:Wind
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D004391:Dust