title: Personality pathology and substance abuse in eating disorders: a longitudinal study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Substance abuse has been shown to predict poor outcome in eating disorder (ED) samples, and prior cross-sectional data on personality subtypes of EDs suggest that substance abuse is associated with dysregulated and possibly avoidant-insecure subtypes. This study investigates longitudinal associations between personality and substance use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Personality pathology and substance use were assessed in 213 individuals with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa at baseline; substance use was assessed at regular follow-up intervals over a 9-year period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the five personality factors identified, the obsessional-sensitive and high-functioning types were negatively associated with substance abuse at baseline, while the behaviorally dysregulated type was positively associated with substance abuse at baseline. Longitudinal associations were observed, suggesting that obsessional-sensitive personality type was protective against the development of substance abuse. Longitudinal associations between the other personality types and substance abuse were nonsignificant after baseline substance abuse history was included as a covariate in the model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Substance use demonstrates cross-sectional associations with personality style, but substance abuse history appears to be the most important predictor of future substance abuse in women with eating disorders.
authors.affiliation: Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. heatherthompsonbrenner@gmail.com
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thompson-Brenner
authors.forename: Kamryn T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Eddy
authors.forename: Debra L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Franko
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dorer
authors.forename: Maryna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vashchenko
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Herzog
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D052018:Bulimia Nervosa / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017831:Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires