title: Biomarker discovery for kidney diseases by mass spectrometry.
abstract: By the development of soft ionization such as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and electrospray ionization (ESI), mass spectrometry (MS) has become an indispensable technique to analyze proteins. The combination of protein separation and identification such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MS, surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-MS, liquid chromatography/MS, and capillary electrophoresis/MS has been successfully applied for proteome analysis of urine and plasma to discover biomarkers of kidney diseases. Some urinary proteins and their proteolytic fragments have been identified as biomarker candidates for kidney diseases. This article reviews recent advances in the application of proteomics using MS to discover biomarkers for kidney diseases.
authors.affiliation: Nagoya University Hospital, Department of Clinical Preventive Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan. tniwa@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toshimitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niwa
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers