title: Optochin resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae strains colonizing healthy children in Portugal.
abstract: Two percent of 1,973 pneumococcus strains isolated from carriers since 2001 in Portugal were found to be optochin resistant. These strains belonged to eight serotypes (and some were nontypeable), and they had diverse genetic backgrounds. Novel optochin-resistant lineages were detected over time, suggesting that there was a continuous, although sporadic, emergence of optochin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sónia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sá-Leão
authors.forename: Hermínia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: de Lencastre
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002353:Carrier State / Q000382:microbiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011174:Portugal; D011803:Quinine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C017303:ethylhydrocupreine; D011803:Quinine