title: Chlamydia trachomatis: genome sequence analysis of lymphogranuloma venereum isolates.
abstract: Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common cause of sexually transmitted infections in the UK, a statistic that is also reflected globally. There are three biovariants of C. trachomatis: trachoma (serotypes A-C) and two sexually transmitted pathovars; serotypes D-K and lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV). Trachoma isolates and the sexually transmitted serotypes D-K are noninvasive, whereas the LGV strains are invasive, causing a disseminating infection of the local draining lymph nodes. Genome sequences are available for single isolates from the trachoma (serotype A) and sexually transmitted (serotype D) biotypes. We sequenced two isolates from the remaining biotype, LGV, a long-term laboratory passaged strain and the recent "epidemic" LGV isolate-causing proctitis. Although the genome of the LGV strain shows no additional genes that could account for the differences in disease outcome, we found evidence of functional gene loss and identified regions of heightened sequence variation that have previously been shown to be important sites for interstrain recombination. We have used new sequencing technologies to show that the recent clinical LGV isolate causing proctitis is unlikely to be a newly emerged strain but is most probably an old strain with relatively new clinical manifestations.
authors.affiliation: The Pathogen Sequencing Unit, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK. nrt@sanger.ac.uk
authors.forename: Nicholas R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.forename: Matthew T G
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Holden
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carder
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lennard
authors.forename: Sarah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lockey
authors.forename: Pete
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Skipp
authors.forename: C David
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Goodhead
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Norbertzcak
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Doug
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ormond
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rance
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Quail
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parkhill
authors.forename: Richard S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.forename: Ian N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Clarke
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017353:Gene Deletion; D016680:Genome, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008219:Lymphogranuloma Venereum / Q000235:genetics*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014141:Trachoma / Q000235:genetics*