Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide: beyond a redox coenzyme.
ADP-ribosylation using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an important type of enzymatic reaction that affects many biological processes. A brief introductory review is given here to various ADP-ribosyltransferases, including poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARPs), mono(ADP-ribosyl)-transferases (ARTs), NAD(+)-dependent deacetylases (sirtuins), tRNA 2'-phosphotransferases, and ADP-ribosyl cyclases (CD38 and CD157). Focus is given to the enzymatic reactions, mechanisms, structures, and biological functions.
Lin
Hening
H
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. hl379@cornell.edu
D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009243:NAD / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
D009243:NAD; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose