title: Atorvastatin increases human serum levels of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9.
abstract: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has gained attention as a key regulator of serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. This novel protease causes the degradation of hepatic low density lipoprotein receptors. In humans, gain-of-function mutations in PCSK9 cause a form of familial hypercholesterolemia, whereas loss-of-function mutations result in significantly decreased LDL-C levels and cardiovascular risk. Previous studies have demonstrated that statins upregulate PCSK9 mRNA expression in cultured cells and animal models. In light of these observations, we studied the effect of atorvastatin on circulating PCSK9 protein levels in humans using a sandwich ELISA to quantitate serum PCSK9 levels in patients treated with atorvastatin or placebo for 16 weeks. We observed that atorvastatin (40 mg/day) significantly increased circulating PCSK9 levels by 34% compared with baseline and placebo and decreased LDL-C levels by 42%. These results suggest that the addition of a PCSK9 inhibitor to statin therapy may result in even further LDL-C decreases.
authors.affiliation: Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA.
authors.forename: Holly E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Careskey
authors.forename: R Aleks
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Alborn
authors.forename: Jason S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Troutt
authors.forename: Guoqing
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Konrad
mesh_terms: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006538:Heptanoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D000071449:Proprotein Convertase 9; D043484:Proprotein Convertases / Q000097:blood*; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000097:blood*; D020860:Subtilisin / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006538:Heptanoic Acids; D011758:Pyrroles; D000069059:Atorvastatin; C472125:PCSK9 protein, human; D000071449:Proprotein Convertase 9; D043484:Proprotein Convertases; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; D020860:Subtilisin