title: Invasive and adherent bacterial pathogens co-Opt host clathrin for infection.
abstract: Infection by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes depends on host cell clathrin. To determine whether this requirement is widespread, we analyzed infection models using diverse bacteria. We demonstrated that bacteria that enter cells following binding to cellular receptors (termed "zippering" bacteria) invade in a clathrin-dependent manner. In contrast, bacteria that inject effector proteins into host cells in order to gain entry (termed "triggering" bacteria) invade in a clathrin-independent manner. Strikingly, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) required clathrin to form actin-rich pedestals in host cells beneath adhering bacteria, even though this pathogen remains extracellular. Furthermore, clathrin accumulation preceded the actin rearrangements necessary for Listeria entry. These data provide evidence for a clathrin-based entry pathway allowing internalization of large objects (bacteria and ligand-coated beads) and used by "zippering" bacteria as part of a general mechanism to invade host mammalian cells. We also revealed a nonendocytic role for clathrin required for extracellular EPEC infections.
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Paris F-75015, France. eveiga@pasteur.fr
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Veiga
authors.forename: Julian A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Guttman
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonazzi
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boucrot
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toledo-Arana
authors.forename: Ann E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jost
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Enninga
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pizarro-Cerdá
authors.forename: B Brett
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Finlay
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kirchhausen
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cossart
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002966:Clathrin / Q000502:physiology*; D034281:Dynamins / Q000502:physiology; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000502:physiology*; D054308:Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000382:microbiology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D002966:Clathrin; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D034281:Dynamins