title: Incarceration and risky sexual partnerships in a southern US city.
abstract: Incarceration is strongly associated with HIV infection and may contribute to viral transmission by disrupting stable partnerships and promoting high-risk partnerships. We investigated incarceration and STI/HIV-related partnerships among a community-based sample recruited for a sexual behavior interview while frequenting venues where people meet sexual partners in a North Carolina city (N = 373). Men reporting incarceration in the past 12 months were more likely than men without recent incarceration to experience multiple new sexual partnerships (unadjusted prevalence ratio [PR] 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-3.1) and transactional sex defined as trading sex for money, goods, or services (unadjusted PR: 4.0, 95% CI: 2.3-7.1) in the past 4 weeks. Likewise, women who were ever incarcerated were more likely than never-incarcerated women to experience recent multiple new partnerships (unadjusted PR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.8-5.4) and transactional sex (unadjusted PR: 5.3, 95% CI: 2.6-10.9). Sexual partnership in the past 12 months with someone who had ever been incarcerated versus with partners with no known incarceration history was associated with recent multiple new partnerships (men: unadjusted PR 2.0, 95% CI 1.4-2.9, women: unadjusted PR 4.8, 95% CI 2.3-10.1) and transactional sex (men: unadjusted PR 3.3, 95% CI 1.7-6.6, women: unadjusted PR 6.1, 95% CI 2.4-15.4). Adjustment for demographic and socioeconomic variables had minimal effect on estimates. However, the strong overlap between incarceration, partner incarceration, and substance abuse had substantial effects in multivariable models. Correctional-facility and community-based HIV prevention, with substance abuse treatment, should reach currently and formerly incarcerated individuals and their sexual partners.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA. maria_khan@unc.edu
authors.forename: Maria R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Wohl
authors.forename: Sharon S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Weir
authors.forename: Adaora A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Adimora
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moseley
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Norcott
authors.forename: Jesse
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.forename: Jay S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kaufman
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009657:North Carolina / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011329:Prisoners; D012309:Risk-Taking; D011477:Sex Work / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People