Smoking cessation a critical component of medical management in chronic disease populations.
Many innovative and effective smoking-cessation treatments, both behavioral and pharmacologic, have been developed over the past several decades. However, these treatments traditionally have been developed for use with populations of healthy smokers. Despite the disease management implications, efforts to design and evaluate cessation interventions targeting smokers diagnosed with chronic diseases are reported infrequently in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief overview of the evidence linking continued smoking to disease progression and adverse treatment outcomes across a range of common chronic diseases: cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes, asthma, cancer, and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Where studies are available, the efficacy of smoking-cessation interventions specifically developed or applied to these patient populations is reviewed. Finally, limitations and gaps in smoking research and treatment with chronically ill patients are discussed, and future research priorities are recommended.
Gritz
Ellen R
ER
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Department of Behavioral Science, Houston, Texas 77230-1439, USA. egritz@mdanderson.org
Vidrine
Damon J
DJ
Fingeret
Michelle Cororve
MC
D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D018849:Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000534:rehabilitation*