Speed of bacterial kill with a fluoroquinolone compared with nonfluoroquinolones: clinical implications and a review of kinetics of kill studies.
It is important to rapidly eradicate bacteria in patients with bacterial conjunctivitis in order to decrease disease transmission, shorten symptom duration, and minimize the emergence of resistant bacteria. This paper presents the results of kinetics of kill studies on 3 commonly isolated pathogens in bacterial conjunctivitis. A more rapid speed of kill with moxifloxacin compared with other nonfluoroquinolone antibiotics (tobramycin, gentamicin, polymyxin B/trimethoprim, or azithromycin) was observed in Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae infections. Moxifloxacin achieved a 99.9% kill at approximately 1 h for S aureus, 2 h for S pneumoniae, and 30 min for H influenzae. In comparison, other nonfluoroquinolone therapies took longer to achieve a bactericidal (3-log) kill and some demonstrated no change or an increase in bacterial growth. Based on these findings, it is concluded that moxifloxacin kills bacteria more rapidly than nonfluoroquinolone topical ocular antibiotics.
Lichtenstein
Steven J
SJ
Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria and Chicago, Illinois Eye Center, Peoria, Illinois, USA.
Wagner
Rudolph S
RS
Jamison
Tiffany
T
Bell
Belinda
B
Stroman
David W
DW
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003234:Conjunctivitis, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011804:Quinolines; D000077266:Moxifloxacin