Cognitive impairment: classification and open issues.
Several clinically-defined cognitive impairment syndromes, with differing diagnostic criteria and nomenclature, have been proposed to describe nondisabling symptomatic cognitive deficits. Incidence and prevalence rates vary as a result of different diagnostic criteria and sampling procedures across studies. The incidence rates of cognitive impairment increase with age; but no consistent data have been reported on the association with family history, age, sex, education, Apo E4 genotype, depression, and other traditional risk factors for dementia. Several studies have suggested that most patients with cognitive impairment clinically defined will progress to Alzheimer Disease (AD), but rates of conversion vary widely among studies. This review summarizes existing definitions and related epidemiological data.
Basso
Cristina
C
CNR Aging Section, Institute of Neuroscience, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy.
Limongi
Federica
F
Siviero
Paola
P
Romanato
Giovanna
G
Noale
Marianna
M
Maggi
Stefania
S
Battistin
Leontino
L
Crepaldi
Gaetano
G
D000367:Age Factors; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000209:etiology; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000145:classification* / Q000150:complications; D003704:Dementia / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors
D053327:Apolipoprotein E4