title: Notch signaling in mandibular condylar cartilage development.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of Notch signaling in mandibular condylar cartilage, as a type of secondary cartilage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mandibular condyle of ddY mice were fixed from embryonic day 14 (E14) through just after birth (equivalent to E19). Samples were cut into 4 mum serial sections through the central area of the mandibular condyle at the sagittal plane. Serial sections were examined using histological, immunohistochemical (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At E14, there were no developmental features of mandibular condyle. At the distal upper portion of developmental mandibular bone, mesenchymal cell proliferation and condensation without metacholomatic reaction to toluidine blue (TB) were seen. At E15, mandibular condylar cartilage was clearly evident, as TB metacholomasia. In IHC specimens at E14, expression of Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD) was observed in the nuclei of coagulating mesenchymal cells. After E15, NICD appeared in the nuclei and the cytoplasms of cells. In ISH examination at E14, expressions of Notch1 mRNA appeared in cytoplasm of proliferating chondrocytes. From E15 to E19, Notch1 mRNA was detected throughout almost all cytoplasm in all layers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These IHC and ISH results suggest that Notch signaling plays an essential role for mandibular condylar cartilage morphogenesis and development.
authors.affiliation: Hard Tissue Pathology Unit, Matsumoto Dental University Institute for Oral Science, 1780 Hirooka-Gobara, Shiojiri, 399-0781 Japan. tshimizu@po.mdu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsujigiwa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagatsuka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okafuji
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawakami
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology; D051379:Mice; D011247:Pregnancy; D051881:Receptor, Notch1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C497762:Notch1 protein, mouse; D051881:Receptor, Notch1