title: Modulation of mucosal immunity in a murine model of food-induced intestinal inflammation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypersensitivity or uncontrolled responses against dietary antigens can lead to inflammatory disorders like food allergy and current models reflect a variety of causes but do not reveal the detailed modulation of gut immunity in response to food antigens after breakdown in mucosal tolerance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop and characterize a murine model for food-induced intestinal inflammation and to demonstrate the modulation of gut immune response by dietary allergenic antigens.
  
  
  METHODS
  C57BL/6 mice were sensitized with peanut proteins, challenged with peanut seeds and their sera and gut segments were collected for subsequent analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sensitization and challenged with peanut seeds led to alterations in gut architecture with inflammatory response characterized by oedema in lamina propria and cell infiltrate composed mainly by eosinophils, mast cells, phagocytes, natural killer and plasma cells, together with low percentage of gammadelta+ and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells in Peyer's patches. These animals also presented high levels of specific IgE and IgG1 in sera and modulation of mucosal immunity was mediated by increased expression of GATA-3, IL-4, IL-13 and TNF-alpha in contrast to low IFN-gamma in the gut.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A murine model for food-induced intestinal inflammation was characterized in which modulation of gut immunity occurs by peanut antigens in consequence of T-helper type 2 (Th2) allergic response and failure of regulatory mechanisms necessary for mucosa homeostasis, resembling food allergy. This work shed some light on the understanding of the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal disorders and intolerance in the gut and supports the development of therapies for food-related enteropathies like food allergy, focusing on gut-specific immune response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Provinciatto
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Godoi
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Milanezi
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Ferraz
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: F Q
authors.initials: FQ
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D010367:Arachis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D003092:Colitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D021183:Peanut Hypersensitivity / Q000150:complications*; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000276:immunology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor; C494748:Gata3 protein, mouse; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D007073:Immunoglobulin E