title: Proprioception in pathophysiology and treatment of shoulder instability.
abstract: Shoulder is a complicated anatomical and functional structure. It's normal function depends on stability and neuromuscular control. Static stabilization relies mostly on capsulolabral complex, whereas dynamic stabilizers consist of scapulo-thoracic and glenohumeral muscles. Function of static and dynamic stabilizer is coordinated by neuromuscular control. This is based on proprioceptors, central nervous system, and muscles. Any injury resulting in mechanical and dynamic deficit will lead to shoulder dysfunction. Restoration of joint proprioception and neuromuscular control seems to be an essential part of treatment in shoulder instability.
authors.affiliation: Katedra i Klinika Traumatologii, Ortopedii i Chirurgii Reki AM, Poznań
authors.forename: Przemysław
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lubiatowski
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Romanowski
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kruczyński
authors.forename: Władysław
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Manikowski
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jaruga