title: Nitrate reductases: structure, functions, and effect of stress factors.
abstract: Structural and functional peculiarities of four types of nitrate reductases are considered: assimilatory nitrate reductase of eukaryotes, as well as cytoplasmic assimilatory, membrane-bound respiratory, and periplasmic dissimilatory bacterial nitrate reductases. Arguments are presented showing that eukaryotic organisms are capable of nitrate dissimilation. Data concerning new classes of extremophil nitrate reductases, whose active center does not contain molybdocofactor, are summarized.
authors.affiliation: Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia. Chicelena@yandex.ru
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Morozkina
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Zvyagilskaya
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology*; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D001665:Binding Sites; D003067:Coenzymes / Q000737:chemistry; D004583:Electrons; D008667:Metalloproteins / Q000737:chemistry; D008956:Models, Chemical; D008982:Molybdenum / Q000378:metabolism; D000090006:Molybdenum Cofactors; D009243:NAD / Q000737:chemistry; D050901:Nitrate Reductase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011621:Pteridines / Q000737:chemistry; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D003067:Coenzymes; D008667:Metalloproteins; D008982:Molybdenum; D000090006:Molybdenum Cofactors; D009243:NAD; D050901:Nitrate Reductase; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen; D011621:Pteridines; C022261:molybdopterin