title: Treatment of severe anterior open bite with skeletal anchorage in adults: comparison with orthognathic surgery outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Skeletal anterior open bite is a difficult problem to correct in orthodontic treatment. In adults, treatment of severe skeletal anterior open bite consists mainly of surgically repositioning the maxilla or the mandible. Recently, molar intrusion by using skeletal anchorage has been developed as a new strategy for open-bite treatment. In this study, we compared treatment outcomes in patients with severe anterior open bite treated with molar intrusion by using skeletal anchorage and with orthognathic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three subjects with overbite less than -3.0 mm were treated with skeletal anchorage (n = 10) or with LeFort I osteotomy combined with mandibular osteotomy (n = 13). Pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalograms were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incisors were significantly elongated in the surgically treated subjects (4.6 mm, P <.01). There were no significant differences in the treatment results between skeletal anchorage and surgery, with reduced facial heights of 4.0 and 3.8 mm, and increased overbites of 6.8 and 7.0 mm, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that molar intrusion with skeletal anchorage is simpler and more useful than 2-jaw surgery in the treatment of patients with severe anterior open bite.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Nagato
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tamamura
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deguchi
authors.forename: Teruko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takano-Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001860:Bone Plates; D001863:Bone Screws; D002508:Cephalometry; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008904:Miniaturization; D008963:Molar; D024343:Open Bite / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; D019340:Osteotomy, Le Fort; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome