title: Changes of maxillary sinus volume and bony thickness of the paranasal sinuses in longstanding pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the chronic bony changes in the paranasal sinuses of longstanding chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in pediatric patients and to compare them with normal controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single-institution retrospective analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty 15- and 16-year-old children with longstanding CRS, for more than 2 years, despite maximal medical treatment and had a Lund CT score over 20 were enrolled as the CRS group. They were compared with 45 age and gender matched randomly selected normal controls without CRS. No enrolled patient had a history of nasal or adenoid surgery. The volume of the maxillary sinus was measured using a three-dimensional CT reconstruction program (V-works 4.0). The bony thickness of the maxillary (MS) and ethmoid sinuses (ES) and the middle turbinate (MT) was measured and compared. In addition, we evaluated the effect of disease duration on the sinus volume and bony thickness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean volume of the MS was 22.5+/-4.4 cm(3) in the normal group and 20.0+/-4.1 cm(3) in the CRS group; this difference was statistically significant (p=0.02). However, there was no correlation found between the disease duration and maxillary sinus volume (r=-0.07, p=0.69). The mean thicknesses of the bony walls were 1.0+/-0.4 mm (MS), 0.8+/-0.4 mm (ES) and 1.8+/-0.5 mm (MT) in the normal group and 1.2+/-0.3 mm (MS), 1.2+/-0.4 mm (ES) and 2.4+/-0.5 mm (MT) in the CRS group; these differences were significant (p<0.01). In addition, the bony thickness of the ES was significantly correlated with the duration of symptoms (r=0.44, p=0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The volume of the maxillary sinuses decreased and the bony thickness of the paranasal sinuses increased with longstanding pediatric CRS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo Yeol
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Min-Beom
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hun-Jong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Dhong
authors.forename: Yong Gi
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Jin-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Seung-Kyu
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Hyun Jong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Soo Chan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Nam Gyu
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Ryu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005005:Ethmoid Sinus / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D009929:Organ Size; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000473:pathology*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000473:pathology*; D014420:Turbinates / Q000473:pathology