title: Effects of androgen deprivation on glycaemic control and on cardiovascular biochemical risk factors in men with advanced prostate cancer with diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Androgen deprivation therapy of prostate cancer with luteinizing hormone releasing hormone agonists may result in loss of bone mass, changes in body composition and a deterioration of arterial stiffness. The present study monitored the effects of androgen deprivation therapy in men with insulin-dependent diabetes on glycaemic control and on biochemical cardiovascular risk markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine patients from a urology practice were included. All men had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus prior to being diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer. In a retrospective analysis, levels of fasting glucose, haemoglobin A1c, insulin requirements, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, fibrinogen, PAI-1, tPA and C-reactive protein were obtained on at least eight occasions over a period of up to 24 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glycaemic control worsened substantially with increases of serum glucose requiring increases in insulin dosages. HbA1c levels rose indicating impaired glycaemic control. All biochemical cardiovascular risk markers deteriorated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In men with insulin-dependent diabetes, androgen deprivation therapy may have negative effects on their glycaemic control and may aggravate the biochemical risk profile of cardiovascular disease to which diabetics are predisposed. These observations are in agreement with the emerging role of low levels of testosterone in metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Urologic Office, Bremerhaven, Germany.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haidar
authors.forename: Aksam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yassin
authors.forename: Farid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.forename: Ridwan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shabsigh
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D015897:Comorbidity; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol; D005340:Fibrinogen; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D014280:Triglycerides