title: Intermediate outcomes after serial transverse enteroplasty in children with short bowel syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Serial transverse enteroplasty (STEP) is a novel intestinal lengthening procedure introduced in 2003. To date, no human studies exist that report objective assessment of intestinal absorptive capacity. The aim of this study was to report intermediate outcomes in patients who have received the STEP at our institution using clinical and biochemical assessment of intestinal function.
  
  
  METHODS
  All 14 patients who received the STEP since May 2003 were reviewed. Clinical (weight gain, enteral tolerance, stool frequency) and biochemical (citrulline levels, D-xylose absorption, alpha-1 antitrypsin clearance, and fecal fat content) outcomes were performed pre-STEP and post-STEP at 1, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Data are presented as means with standard deviation. Paired t tests were used to compare post-STEP outcomes with pre-STEP values (P < .05 was significant). Three patients had a STEP as a newborn and are analyzed separately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 14 patients (3 females; mean age, 24.8 months; range, 1 day-14 years). Serial transverse enteroplasty resulted in a mean increase in length of dilated bowel segment of 94% +/- 30% and increase in total small bowel length of 49% +/- 42% with mean application of 16 +/- 9 cartridges and cost of Can$2878.51 +/- 1406.22. Patients demonstrated improvement in both clinical parameters, as well as intestinal absorptive function. Complications included 2 patients with staple line leak and 1 patient with gastrointestinal bleeding from staple line ulcers. Three patients died (2 from liver failure and 1 from sepsis and congenital heart disease). Two patients received liver-intestinal transplants at 4 and 5 months post-STEP. Mean follow-up was 23 +/- 9 months, with 7 patients followed more than 2 years. Of 8 patients with post-STEP follow-up of more than 1 year, 7 have weaned from parenteral nutrition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical and objective biochemical outcomes of intestinal function after the STEP procedure show promise after intermediate follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada M5G 1X8. paul.wales@sickkids.ca
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Wales
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: de Silva
authors.forename: Jacob C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Langer
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fecteau
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002675:Child, Preschool; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000502:physiology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011336:Probability; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012778:Short Bowel Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D017792:Surgical Stapling; D016896:Treatment Outcome