One-solvent extraction of astaxanthin from lactic acid fermented shrimp wastes.
Free astaxanthin one-solvent extractions with ethanol, acetone, and liquid 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane from raw and lactic acid fermented (ensilaged) shrimp residues were investigated. The total carotenoid recovery from ensilaged shrimp wastes was higher than that from non-ensilaged ones as assessed by HPLC analyses. Acetone gave the highest extraction yields of free astaxanthin with up to 115 microg/g of material. Moreover, liquid tetrafluoroethane is reported for the first time in a successful one-solvent extraction of carotenoids from shrimp.
Gimeno
Miquel
M
Facultad de Química, Departamento Alimentos y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México D.F. 04510, Mexico.
Ramírez-Hernández
Jessica Yesemite
JY
Mártinez-Ibarra
César
C
Pacheco
Neith
N
García-Arrazola
Roeb
R
Bárzana
Eduardo
E
Shirai
Keiko
K
D000096:Acetone; D000818:Animals; D000431:Ethanol; D005285:Fermentation; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000737:chemistry*; D012820:Silage / Q000032:analysis; D012997:Solvents; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004980:Ethane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D005466:Fluorocarbons
D000096:Acetone; D000431:Ethanol; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D007220:Industrial Waste; D019344:Lactic Acid; D012997:Solvents; D024341:Xanthophylls; C005948:astaxanthine; C063006:norflurane; D004980:Ethane; D005466:Fluorocarbons