title: Prostate cancer risk and ESR1 TA, ESR2 CA repeat polymorphisms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Experimental evidence has suggested that estrogen receptor alpha (coded by the gene ESR1) might increase prostate cancer risk, whereas estrogen receptor beta (coded by the gene ESR2) might reduce prostate cancer risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the relationship with prostate cancer risk of both a TA repeat polymorphism in the ESR1 5' region, ESR1 (TA)(n), and with a CA repeat polymorphism in intron 5 of ESR2, ESR2 (CA)(n), in a case-control study (545 cases and 674 controls) nested in the Physicians' Health Study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prostate cancer risk was highest for carriers of ESR1 (TA)(24) and ESR1 (TA)(25). Replacing one modal ESR1 (TA)(14) allele with one ESR1 (TA)(24) allele yielded an odds ratio of 1.42 (95% confidence interval, 1.00-2.00; P=0.05). Replacing one ESR1 (TA)(14) allele with one ESR1 (TA)(25) allele yielded an odds ratio of 2.10 (95% confidence interval, 1.15-3.84; P=0.02). ESR2 (CA)(n) showed no effects on prostate cancer risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ESR1 (TA)(n) polymorphism might play a role in prostate cancer risk.
authors.affiliation: Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. mmcintyr@mail.ucf.edu
authors.forename: Matthew H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: McIntyre
authors.forename: Philip W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Kantoff
authors.forename: Meir J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Stampfer
authors.forename: Lorelei A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mucci
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parslow
authors.forename: Haojie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J Michael
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gaziano
authors.forename: Miyako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018900:Dinucleotide Repeats; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta