title: Comparison of disc diffusion assay with the CLSI reference method (M27-A2) for testing in vitro posaconazole activity against common and uncommon yeasts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the suitability of disc diffusion (DD) assay for testing posaconazole activity and to corroborate its activity against recently isolated yeasts by the CLSI reference microdilution M27-A2 method.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 224 yeast isolates (7 species with 52 to 11 isolates each, and 15 species with 1 to 6 isolates) were evaluated, 125 were recent bloodstream isolates, 30 isolates from other sources and six ATCC isolates that included amphotericin B-resistant Candida albicans ATCC 200955, Candida lusitaniae (ATCC 200950, 200951, 200952 and 200953) and amphotericin B- and itraconazole-resistant Candida tropicalis ATCC 200956. MICs were determined at 24 and 48 h by following the CLSI guidelines, document M27-A2. DD testing was performed by following CLSI M44-A document with 5 microg posaconazole discs. Inhibition zone diameters were measured at the transition point at which growth decreased at both 24 and 48 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DD showed very good reproducibility, with coefficient of variability median value 4.56. Posaconazole demonstrated good in vitro activity against all clinical isolates, including the emerging species and amphotericin B-resistant ATCC isolates except for C. tropicalis ATCC 200956 (posaconazole MIC >or= 16 mg/L). Only 1.5% and 4.1% of isolates were inhibited by >2 mg/L posaconazole at 24 and 48 h. Good correlation was obtained between methods (R = 0.763 at 24 h and 0.602 at 48 h). DD detected posaconazole-resistant isolates (MIC > 2 mg/L).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DD could be an alternative to the microdilution reference method, as no major discrepancies were detected.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Microbiología Experimental, Centro de Investigación, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain. canton_emi@gva.es
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cantón
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pemán
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espinel-Ingroff
authors.forename: Estrella
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martín-Mazuelos
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrillo-Muñoz
authors.forename: José Pedro
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Martínez
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000382:microbiology; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D014230:Triazoles; C101425:posaconazole