title: Mood and anxiety disorders, the association with presenteeism in employed members of a general population sample.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The term "presenteeism" is used to describe workers who are present in the workforce, but who are not functioning at full capacity. The objective of the study was to describe the impact of mood and anxiety disorders on presenteeism in a population sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Random digit dialing was used to select a sample of n=3345 subjects between the ages of 18 and 64. A computer assisted telephone interview that included the Mini Neuropsychiatric Diagnostic Interview (MINI), the Stanford Presenteeism Scale 6 (SPS-6) and a pharmacoepidemiology module was administered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among subjects with comorbid mood and anxiety disorders 75.0% reported interference with their work compared with only 13.3% of subjects without mood or anxiety disorders. Mood and anxiety disorders were associated with lower presenteeism ratings. Regression analysis uncovered a significant gender by anxiety disorder interaction, indicating that the effect of anxiety disorders was greater in men than women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study to report the impact of mental disorders on presenteeism in a general population sample. The results confirm that the problem of presenteeism is not restricted to specific occupational groups, but is instead a widespread problem in the general population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Public Health, Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy. esposito.eleonora@libero.it
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: Jian Li
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jeanne V A
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Scott B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Patten
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004651:Employment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires