title: The impact of immigration status on tobacco use among Chinese-American adults in Texas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study analyzed the impact of immigration status on current tobacco use among adult Chinese-Americans living in Texas.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey was administered in Chinese and English in 2004 to assess tobacco use among Chinese-American adults using a stratified probability sample from two large metropolitan areas in Texas. Data were adjusted for unequal probability of selection and weighted to provide state-wide estimates for Chinese-Americans in Texas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study sample was comprised of 1,054 Chinese-American adults. The overall current smoking rate was 11.1% with men's rates much higher (16.1%) than women's (6.7%). Lower household income and education increased smoking among males but more educated females had a tendency to smoke more. Although overall smoking rate among Chinese-Americans was significantly lower than the general Texas population (20.6%), smoking rate among recent immigrant men (<5 years in the U.S.) was alarmingly higher (28.0%). U.S.-born Chinese-American men's smoking rate (25.0%) is similar to that of their U.S.-born counterparts (23.7%). U.S.-born Chinese-American men initiated smoking 4 years earlier (13.8 years) than their immigrant counterparts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although Chinese-Americans in Texas had overall lower smoking rates than the general population, the high smoking rates among recently immigrated men emphasize the need for cessation activities targeting this group.
authors.affiliation: Division of Adult and Community Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717, USA. shu@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Shaohua S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Unto E
authors.initials: UE
authors.lastname: Pallonen
authors.forename: Angela F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Meshack
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001213:Asian / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015995:Prevalence; D011594:Psychometrics; D012737:Sex Factors; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult