title: Exercise intervention to modify physiologic risk factors in cancer survivors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the best current evidence regarding the effects of exercise on modifiable risk factors for adverse physiologic outcomes of cancer and its treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and single studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is mounting evidence that exercise improves fatigue, physical functioning, and cardio-respiratory fitness. Preliminary evidence suggests that exercise also contributes to improvements in body weight and composition, metabolic risk factors, and immune function. It may also influence disease-free and overall survival in selected populations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exercise appears to be a safe and well-tolerated intervention that may minimize or prevent adverse physiologic outcomes of cancer and cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1200 Main St West, HSC - 2J32, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada. ingramc@mcmaster.ca
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ingram
authors.forename: Constance
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Visovsky
mesh_terms: D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D015519:Bone Density; D015444:Exercise; D005221:Fatigue; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D017741:Survivors
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin