title: Transferring type 2 diabetes patients with uncontrolled glycaemia from biphasic human insulin to biphasic insulin aspart 30: experiences from the PRESENT study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Physician's Routine Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of NovoMix* 30 Therapy (PRESENT) aims to assess the safety and efficacy of biphasic insulin aspart (BIAsp30) used in routine clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a large, multi-national, multi-centre, prospective, 6-month study in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who were prescribed BIAsp30. Efficacy endpoints included changes in HbA(1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPPG), and proportion who achieved target HbA(1c) < 7%. Changes from baseline were analysed using paired t-test. Safety endpoints were incidence and rate of hypoglycaemic episodes. A subgroup of patients previously uncontrolled (HbA(1c) > or = 7.0%) on biphasic human insulin (BHI) were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glycaemia improved significantly (mean +/- SD): HbA(1c) by 1.58 +/- 1.69% points (from 9.32 +/- 1.64% to 7.70 +/- 1.29%), FPG by 2.92 +/- 3.71 mmol/L and PPPG by 4.75 +/- 4.87 mmol/L. The incidence of hypoglycaemic episodes decreased over time, from 38.7% (baseline) to 20.8% (6 months). Episodes were mostly minor (reduced from 37.7 to 20.6% at 6 months), occurring during the day (reduced from 31.5 to 17.1% at 6 months). Major episodes were less frequently reported (reduced from 5.0 to 0.4% at 6 months). The rate of hypoglycaemia (episodes/patient year) from baseline to end of study decreased over time for overall (8.9-2.2), major (0.7-0.1), minor (8.2-2.2) and nocturnal (2.9-0.5) episodes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this observational study, in the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who were poorly controlled on BHI, glycaemia improved when transferred to BIAsp30, and a lower incidence or rate of hypoglycaemia was observed in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diabetes, Federal Scientific Centre of Endocrinology, Federal Agency of Rosmedtechnology, Dmitryia Uljanova, Moscow, Russia. nephro@endocrincentr.ru
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shestakova
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Almustafa
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ayad
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Azar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Danciulescu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Khutsoane
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guler
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D061265:Biphasic Insulins; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061267:Insulin Aspart; D007336:Insulin, Isophane; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D061265:Biphasic Insulins; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; C557564:insulin aspart, insulin aspart protamine drug combination 30:70; D007336:Insulin, Isophane; D061267:Insulin Aspart