title: Quality of life in multiple sclerosis: a Kuwaiti MSQOL-54 experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared the quality of life (QOL) self-ratings of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) patients with those of the general population; and assessed the association of demographic, clinical, and caregiver variables with patients' QOL.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive clinic attendees were assessed with MSQOL-54, Beck's Depression Inventory, and Expanded Disability Status Scale. Caregivers rated their impression of patients' QOL and attitudes to patients' illness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 170 patients (35.5% M, 64.5% F), 85.3% had RRMS and 14.7% PMS. RRMS had higher QOL domain scores (P < 0.001). Patients had lower QOL than controls (P < 0.001). Depression was the commonest significant covariate of QOL domains. After controlling for depression and disability, differences between the MS groups were less significant. Predictors of overall QOL were caregiver impression of patient's QOL, depression, and treatment side effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Programs that address depression, disability, the impact of treatment side effects, caregiver attitudes and education should enhance QOL outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Safat, Kuwait.
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Alshubaili
authors.forename: J U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Ohaeri
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Awadalla
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mabrouk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007730:Kuwait; D008297:Male; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011379:Prognosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D012008:Recurrence; D012647:Self-Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires