title: Cognition as an outcome measure in schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cognitive deficits are a core feature of schizophrenia. These deficits are not caused by medication or symptoms, and have a dramatic negative effect on real-world functioning.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To critically examine a selection of the most common batteries used to assess cognition in schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature review of cognitive assessment batteries for use in schizophrenia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A wide variety of neurocognitive test batteries have been developed or adapted to assess cognition in schizophrenia. These differ in time requirements, repeatability, ease of administration, degree of face validity, availability of co-normative data and degree to which results can be parsed into separate domains of cognitive functioning. The most appropriate depends on the setting and the question being addressed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cognitive outcome measures have reshaped our understanding of schizophrenia and will be essential tools for unravelling the aetiology ofthe disease and designing more effective interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kraus
authors.forename: Richard S E
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Keefe
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000628:therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012917:Social Adjustment