title: Longitudinal associations between television viewing and body mass index among white and black girls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Childhood overweight is one of the most important public health problems facing America today, and time spent watching television has been proposed as a causal factor. This study examines the effects of television (TV) viewing on the trajectory of body mass index (BMI) over the course of adolescence.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed data on TV viewing and BMI from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study, a panel study of 2,379 white and black girls followed for up to 10 annual visits, beginning at age 9 or 10 years. Latent growth curve models were used to estimate the effects of daily TV viewing on the slope of BMI, one using TV viewing at age 10 to predict the trajectory of BMI from ages 11-14, and one using TV viewing at age 14 to predict BMI trajectory from ages 15-19. Models controlled for baseline BMI, physical activity, maturation stage, and socioeconomic status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For white girls, higher levels of baseline TV viewing were positively associated with a steeper trajectory of BMI for the 4 years following a baseline visit (ages 11-14 years, on average). TV viewing was not associated with the trajectory of BMI over the last five of the 10 visits. For black girls, TV viewing was not associated with either trajectory of BMI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  White girls who watched more TV at baseline showed a steeper increase in BMI over early adolescence compared to girls who watched less TV. TV viewing may be a factor contributing to overweight among young girls.
authors.affiliation: Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA. vanihenderson@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Vani R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Henderson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D040343:Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; D001828:Body Image; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D050177:Overweight / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000209:etiology; D010290:Parents / Q000193:education; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012649:Self Concept; D012931:Social Environment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013690:Television / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data