title: Multistep crystal nucleation: a kinetic study based on colloidal crystallization.
abstract: Crystallization via an amorphous precursor, the so-called multistep crystallization (MSC), plays a key role in biomineralization and protein crystallization. MSC has attracted much attention in the past decade, but a quantitative understanding of it has so far not been available. The major challenge is that the kinetics governing the nucleation of crystals occurring in the metastable amorphous precursor remains unclear. In this study, the kinetics of MSC is addressed experimentally. Most importantly, a mathematical method is developed to calculate the local nucleation rate of the crystals in the amorphous precursor, which is not accessible to conventional methods. This local nucleation rate is critical to the understanding of MSC, but it has never been dealt with experimentally because of the difficulties of in situ observation. With the local crystal nucleation rates, the supersaturation for crystallization and the crystal-liquid interfacial free energy in the amorphous precursor are evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117542.
authors.forename: Tian Hui
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiang Yang
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D003102:Colloids / Q000737:chemistry*; D003460:Crystallization; D007700:Kinetics
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids