title: Liver histology of children with chronic hepatitis treated with interferon-alpha alone or in combination with lamivudine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate histological changes with interferon monotherapy or interferon plus lamivudine combination therapy in children with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B.
  
  
  METHODS
  31 children aged 2-13 years were randomly treated with interferon (IFN) (group 1, n = 16) or IFN plus simultaneously started lamivudine (group 2, n = 15). IFN-alpha 2a was given 9 MU/m2 3 times per week for 6 months in each group; lamivudine was given 4 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1) for 24 months. Liver biopsy specimens were evaluated according to the Knodell score before therapy and after 24 months of therapy. Histological response was defined as a decrease in the histological activity index (HAI) score by at least 2 points. Efficacy of therapy was evaluated at 24 months of therapy in all children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Alanine aminotransferase normalization, HbeAg, and hepatitis B virus DNA clearance were not different. Complete response and histological response were 37.5%/62.5% and 40%/46.7% in groups 1 and 2, respectively (P = NS). At baseline and at 24 months of therapy, total HAI and components of HAI were not different in the 2 groups. In comparison with baseline, a significant decrease in scores of periportal +/- bridging necrosis was observed in group 1 (P = 0.01); periportal +/- bridging necrosis, intralobular degeneration, focal necrosis, and necroinflammation scores significantly decreased in group 2 (P = 0.04 and P = 0.02) at 24 months of therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of lamivudine to IFN-alpha did not increase the effectiveness of the treatment in terms of complete and histological responses. Both therapies seemed to be effective in the regression of periportal +/- bridging necrosis. In addition, combination therapy was also effective in the regression of intralobular degeneration, focal necrosis, and necroinflammatory activity index.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. zarifekuloglu@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Zarife
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kuloglu
authors.forename: Ceyda Tuna
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Krsaçloglu
authors.forename: Aydan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kansu
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erden
authors.forename: Nurten
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Girgin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006521:Hepatitis, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D019259:Lamivudine