title: Tumor microenvironment and the immune response.
abstract: Without clinical information, accurate follow-up, high-quality sample collection, and preservation, scientific conclusions are only based on theoretical assumptions that are unlikely to lead to clinical breakthroughs. In this article we discuss our understanding of the relationship between cancer cells and the host immune response. We emphasize the critical role that future clinical investigations, led by surgical oncologists, may have for the assessment of the validity of the disparate hypotheses so far formulated at the bench side.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Selleri
authors.forename: Cristiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rumio
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sabatino
authors.forename: Francesco M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Marincola
authors.forename: Ena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007157:Immunologic Surveillance; D016233:Immunotherapy, Active; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines