title: Maternal family history of Alzheimer's disease predisposes to reduced brain glucose metabolism.
abstract: Having a parent affected with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a risk factor for developing AD among cognitively normal subjects. We examined whether cognitively normal subjects with a parental family history of AD show cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglc) reductions consistent with AD as compared with those without a family history and whether there are parent gender effects. Forty-nine 50- to 80-year-old normal subjects were examined who received clinical, neuropsychological, and 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose-positron emission tomography examinations, including 16 subjects with a maternal (FHm) and eight with a paternal (FHp) family history of AD and 25 with no family history (FH(-)). FH groups were comparable for demographic and neuropsychological measures. As compared with both FH(-) and FHp groups, FHm subjects showed CMRglc reductions in the same regions as clinically affected AD patients, involving the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus, parietotemporal and frontal cortices, and medial temporal lobes (P < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons). These effects remained significant after accounting for possible risk factors for AD, including age, gender, education, apolipoprotein E genotype, and subjective memory complaints. No CMRglc differences were found between FHp and FH(-) subjects. This study shows a relationship between reduced CMRglc in AD-vulnerable brain regions and a maternal family history of AD in cognitively normal individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, 560 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA. lisa.mosconi@med.nyu.edu
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mosconi
authors.forename: Miroslaw
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brys
authors.forename: Remigiusz
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Switalski
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mistur
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Glodzik
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pirraglia
authors.forename: Wai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tsui
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Santi
authors.forename: Mony J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: de Leon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D050259:Genes, Mitochondrial; D018740:Genetic Heterogeneity; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D018392:Genomic Imprinting; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose