title: The ameboid phenotype of NG2 (+) cells in the region of apoptotic dentate granule neurons in trimethyltin intoxicated mice shares antigen properties with microglia/macrophages.
abstract: NG2+, stellate cells present in the adult central nervous system (CNS) have been recently recognized as a distinct glial class, identified as multipotent progenitor cells. Antigenically, they are indistinguishable from oligodendroglia progenitor cells. In response to a variety of CNS insults, these cells become rapidly activated and undergo morphological changes accompanied by increased cellular proliferation. The role they play with respect to injured neurons is not clear. In our studies, we performed immunocytochemical investigations and identified a response of NG2-expressing cells in the model of selective neurodegeneration of murine dentate gyrus granule cells induced by systemic administration of trimethyltin. Dying neurons exhibited features of apoptotic cells. Around the region of neurodegeneration, we observed activation of NG2+ stellate cells and microglia. During the peak of apoptosis, we detected the appearance of NG2+ cells of the ameboid phenotype, intermingled with granule neurons. These cells also expressed markers of microglia/macrophages, OX42- and ED1-recognized antigens, an antigen recognized by O4 antibody-a marker of more differentiated cells of the oligodendroglia lineage and, in some cases, also a protein of mature oligodendroglia adenomatus polyposis coli. They also expressed nestin. Our results suggest that the injury induces a parallel transformation of both the activated glial classes: NG2+ stellate cells and resident microglia, into ameboid cells, sharing properties of both oligodendrocyte and monocyte lineages. These cells may play a role in the phagocytosis. If this assumption is verified by electron microscopy, it would indicate a novel function of NG2 transformed cells under CNS injury conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Laboratory of Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fiedorowicz
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Figiel
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaremba
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dzwonek
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Oderfeld-Nowak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D018891:Dentate Gyrus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D053331:Ectodysplasins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling / Q000379:methods; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D064231:Nestin; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D019081:O Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014298:Trimethyltin Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D000099216:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D039481:CD11b Antigen; D053331:Ectodysplasins; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D064231:Nestin; D009498:Neurotoxins; D019081:O Antigens; D011509:Proteoglycans; D014298:Trimethyltin Compounds; D000099216:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4; C506019:Eda protein, mouse; C577485:Nes protein, mouse; C046488:trimethyltin