title: BAG-4/SODD and associated antiapoptotic proteins are linked to aggressiveness of epithelial ovarian cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We hypothesized that elevated expression in ovarian cancer of the BAG family of prosurvival proteins and associated partners would be associated with clinical features of aggressiveness in ovarian cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression patterns of BAG-1, BAG-3, BAG-4, and Bcl-xL were determined by immunohistochemical analysis of tissue samples obtained at diagnosis from 28 women with stage III or stage IV ovarian cancer treated with cisplatin, paclitaxel, and cyclophosphamide after initial cytoreduction. Association of these proteins, BAG-6, heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), Hsp27, and Bcl-2, with clinical variables was tested in ovarian cancer tissue arrays from Gynecologic Oncology Group tissue bank.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant relationship was found between elevated cytoplasmic expression of BAG-4 and improved overall (P = 0.0002) and progression-free survival (P = 0.003) in the prospectively collected samples. Bcl-2 staining was significantly more frequent on the tissue array in lower stage (P = 0.005) and grade (P = 0.0009) tumors, whereas Hsp70 was prominent in higher grade cases (P = 0.002). Furthermore, Bcl-xL was more closely associated with serous compared with endometrioid ovarian cancers (P = 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unexpectedly, cytoplasmic expression of BAG-4 and Bcl-2 marked less aggressive ovarian cancer, whereas nuclear Hsp70 suggested more aggressive behavior. Bcl-xL may play a more prominent function in the pathology of serous histology ovarian cancers compared with the endometrioid subtype. The findings presented here support involvement of these proteins in the propagation of ovarian cancer and provide a basis for the development of molecular therapeutics modulating these survival pathways.
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Branch,Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. annunzic@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Christina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Annunziata
authors.forename: Lilach
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kleinberg
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: Aasmund
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berner
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gius
authors.forename: Nana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tchabo
authors.forename: Seth M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: Elise C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Kohn
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D051020:bcl-X Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C116906:BAG4 protein, human; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051020:bcl-X Protein