title: A familial case of Keratitis-Ichthyosis-Deafness (KID) syndrome with the GJB2 mutation G45E.
abstract: Keratitis-Ichthyosis-Deafness (KID) syndrome (OMIM 148210) is a congenital ectodermal defect. KID consists of an atypical ichthyosiform erythroderma associated with congenital sensorineural deafness. A rare form of the KID syndrome is a fatal course in the first year of life due to severe skin lesion infections and septicaemia. KID appears to be genetically heterogeneous and may be caused by mutations in connexin 26 or connexin 30 genes. GJB2 mutations in the connexin 26 gene are the main cause of the disease. Most of the cases caused by GJB2 mutations are sporadic, but dominant transmission has also been described. To date, the rare lethal form of the disease has been only observed in two Caucasian sporadic patients with the GJB2 mutation, with the p.Gly45Glu (G45E) arising de novo. We have reported an African family with dizygotic twins suffering from a lethal form of KID. The dizygosity of the twins was confirmed by microsatellite markers. The two patients were heterozygous for the G45E mutation of GJB2, whereas the mutation was not detected in the two parents. The unusual transmission of the disease observed in this family could be explained by the occurrence of a somatic or more probably a germinal mosaic in one of the parents.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie, Inserm U587, Centre de Référence des Surdités Génétiques, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, 24 av du Dr A Netter, Paris 75012, France.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jonard
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Feldmann
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parsy
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Freitag
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sinico
authors.forename: Céleste
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koval
authors.forename: Mhamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grati
authors.forename: Remy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Couderc
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Denoyelle
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bodemer
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marlin
authors.forename: Smail
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hadj-Rabia
mesh_terms: D000072259:Connexin 26; D017630:Connexins / Q000235:genetics*; D003638:Deafness / Q000235:genetics*; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000235:genetics*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007057:Ichthyosis / Q000235:genetics*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007634:Keratitis / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D013577:Syndrome; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic
chemical_list: D017630:Connexins; C000607042:GJB2 protein, human; D000072259:Connexin 26