title: Pharmacokinetics of intraperitoneally instilled aminophylline, terbutaline and tobramycin in pigs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Venous catheters are sometimes difficult or even impossible to insert and may also be associated with serious complications. This study was carried out to investigate whether intraperitoneal administration of drugs may be an alternative to the intravenous route in patients with limited vascular access.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three drugs commonly in use in clinical practise, aminophylline, terbutaline and tobramycin, were administered to pigs intravenously and intraperitoneally in small volumes. Serum concentrations were analysed over a period of 6 h and pharmacokinetic key variables for each drug were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aminophylline (theophylline), terbutaline and tobramycin were absorbed from the peritoneal space and into systemic circulation. For theophylline, the concentration/time profiles after intraperitoneal and after intravenous administration were almost identical, and the intraperitoneal bioavailability was calculated to 0.94. For terbutaline and tobramycin, the intraperitoneal absorption was delayed without any initial peak. Moreover, the intraperitoneal bioavailability was lower than for theophylline (0.71 and 0.65, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pharmacokinetic properties after intraperitoneal administration differed among the three drugs, but the results are encouraging and provide a basis for further investigation in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Medicine, St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. Per.Asheim@stolav.no
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Asheim
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Spigset
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aasarød
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Walstad
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Uggen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zahlsen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aadahl
mesh_terms: D000628:Aminophylline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D013552:Swine; D013726:Terbutaline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D000628:Aminophylline; D013726:Terbutaline; D014031:Tobramycin