title: Therapeutic cancer vaccines.
abstract: Therapeutic cancer vaccines target the cellular arm of the immune system to initiate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against tumor-associated antigens. Immunotherapy offers one of the few therapeutic options that reproducibly leads to a subset of patients with long-term remissions (seemingly cures) of widely metastatic disease. Therapeutic cancer vaccines tested in clinical trials have included inactivated tumor cells administered in immunological adjuvants or after genetic modification to increase their immunogenicity. Other forms are heat shock protein vaccines and anti-ganglioside antibodies. Tumor-associated antigenic peptides have been fully characterized for some cancers. Finally, strategies to directly expand antitumor T lymphocytes and adoptively transfer them to patients with cancer have been developed and shown to induce objective tumor regressions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, UCLA Medical Center, University of California-Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Lilah F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ribas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007130:Immunoglobulin Idiotypes / Q000276:immunology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D006680:HLA Antigens; D007130:Immunoglobulin Idiotypes