title: Glycoprotein of Zanthoxylum piperitum DC has a hepatoprotective effect via anti-oxidative character in vivo and in vitro.
abstract: This study was carried out to investigate the anti-oxidative and hepatoprotective effects of glycoprotein isolated from Zanthoxylum piperitum DC fruit (ZPDC glycoprotein). ZPDC glycoprotein showed a single band with molecular weight of 24kDa on the 18% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel and consists of a carbohydrate component (18%) and a protein component (82%). We found that ZPDC glycoprotein has a strong scavenging activity against DPPH, superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radicals without any pro-oxidant activity in the cell-free system. In hepatocyte cell lines (Chang liver and BNL CL.2 cells), the results showed that ZPDC glycoprotein has an inhibitory effect on hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase- or glucose/glucose oxidase-induced cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, administration of ZPDC glycoprotein (20mg/kg) lowers the levels of lactate dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, whereas increases that of nitric oxide, accompanying the normalizing effects on the activity of hepatic anti-oxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) in mouse model of carbon tetrachloride-stimulated acute liver injury. On the whole the results suggest that ZPDC glycoprotein can be a potent hepatoprotective agent as a natural anti-oxidant.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Institute and Center for the Control of Animal Hazards using Biotechnology (BK 21), Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-Dong, Kwang-ju 500-757, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sei-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kye-Taek
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002252:Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002460:Cell Line; D002474:Cell-Free System; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010851:Picrates; D011402:Pronase / Q000494:pharmacology; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D032106:Zanthoxylum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D006023:Glycoproteins; D010851:Picrates; D020011:Protective Agents; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D011402:Pronase