Potential therapies based on antidiabetic peptides.
Since adipose tissue was shown to be more than a storage organ, the many cytokines it produces have been identified, along with their roles in energy homeostasis, appetite, and insulin resistance. Concurrently, numerous gut hormones with a diversity of effects have been discovered. They include, amongst many others, peptide YY, ghrelin and oxyntomodulin. As these peptides have been investigated, the potential for their use as novel anti-obesity and antidiabetic therapies has been realized. In this chapter we describe the actions of four of the peptides that have been proposed as the basis for promising new therapies for diabetes: leptin, adiponectin, obestatin and peptide YY. They each have an effect on appetite and, directly or indirectly, on glucose metabolism. We synthesize available data for these peptides and consider the therapeutic potential of each.
Billyard
Tom
T
Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Clifford Bridge Road, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK.
McTernan
Philip
P
Kumar
Sudhesh
S
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001066:Appetite / Q000187:drug effects; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020738:Leptin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053772:Oxyntomodulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D052242:Adiponectin; D054439:Ghrelin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D020738:Leptin; D053772:Oxyntomodulin; D019894:Peptide YY; D005947:Glucose