Diabetes mellitus in Asian Indian children and adolescents.
OBJECTIVE
To study the clinical and metabolic profile of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents in a South Asian population.


METHODS
Sixty children were recruited. They were divided into three groups: Group I--type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), Group II--type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1), and Group III--healthy controls. The clinical history and biochemical parameters (HbA1c, serum insulin, C-peptide, triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol) were recorded. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMAIR) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were calculated.


CONCLUSIONS
Children and adolescents with DM2 had a significant family history of DM and clinical features of insulin resistance, including increased body mass index, waist:hip ratio and acanthosis nigricans. They also had decreased insulin sensitivity together with dyslipidemia of metabolic syndrome, i.e. high triglyceride, high total cholesterol and low HDL-cholesterol. The presence of these predictors of cardiovascular disorders is known to contribute to morbidity and mortality. Hence, DM2 needs to be recognized early in Asian Indian children.
Department of Biochemistry, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, India.
Manoj Kumar
MK
Nandkeoliar
Mala
M
Dharmalingam
Sara Rani
SR
Marcus
D000052:Acanthosis Nigricans / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio