[Reverse genetics system for measles virus: establishment and applications for analysis of virus replication and pathogenesis].
In 1990 Kobune et al. succeeded in isolating pathogenic wild-type strains of measles virus (MV) using a marmoset B-lymphoblastoid cell line B95a. Their data indicated that MV strains that have been used in laboratories are attenuated strains through the adaptation to grow in a variety of cultured cells. We have established a very efficient reverse genetics system that allows us to engineer the genome of a wild-type MV strain at will by site-directed mutagenesis or recombination. Using the system it was shown that (1) the H protein determines tropism of MV, (2) the M protein regulates mode of MV spread, (3) the C protein inhibits host innate immune responses, and (4) the long untranslated regions in the M and F genes function to moderate cytopathogenicity by MV. These data advanced our understanding of molecular bases for MV pathogenicity and mechanisms of MV adaptation to grow in cultured cells.
Takeda
Makoto
M
Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. mtakeda@virology.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
D000818:Animals; D005821:Genetic Techniques; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D008459:Measles virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology*; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D018523:Tropism / Q000235:genetics; D020506:Untranslated Regions / Q000502:physiology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics*
D020506:Untranslated Regions; D014764:Viral Proteins