Heat-moisture treatment of high-amylose corn starch increases dietary fiber content and lowers plasma cholesterol in ovariectomized rats.
The effect of dietary high-amylose corn starch (HACS) of varying dietary fiber (DF) content on plasma cholesterol was examined in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Gelatinized normal corn starch (G-CS) was used as a reference. OVX rats were fed a fiber-free purified diet containing G-CS, HACS, gelatinized high-amylose corn starch (G-HACS), or heat-moisture treated HACS (HM-HACS) at 400 g starch/kg diet for 21 d. The DF content of G-CS, HACS, G-HACS, and HM-HACS measured by the AOAC method was 0.1, 19.3, 2.4, and 64.5 g/100 g, respectively. The dry weight of cecal contents, cecal wall weight, the amount of short chain fatty acids in cecal contents, the amount of bile acids in small intestinal contents, and fecal excretion of neutral sterols increased logarithmically with increasing DF, while total plasma cholesterol concentration decreased. On the other hand, hepatic CYP7A1 activity, fecal dry weight, and fecal excretion of bile acids increased linearly with increasing DF, while body weight gain decreased. The hypocholesterolemic effect of HACS in OVX-rats appeared to be more effective by heat-moisture treatment.
Liu
X
X
Dept. of Biological Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime Univ., Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
Ogawa
H
H
Ando
R
R
Nakakuki
T
T
Kishida
T
T
Ebihara
K
K
D000688:Amylose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002432:Cecum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005260:Female; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D023421:Models, Animal; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010052:Ovariectomy; D012313:RNA / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013213:Starch / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014867:Water
D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D014867:Water; D012313:RNA; D013213:Starch; D000688:Amylose; D002784:Cholesterol