Orthopedic trauma of limbs associated with vascular injuries.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the treatment for patients with major vascular injuries associated with traumatic orthopedic injuries.


METHODS
A total of 196 patients, aged from 4-67 years with the mean age of 29.88 years, had major vascular injuries associated with traumatic orthopedic injuries and were treated in our hospital in a period of 44 years. The most common mechanism of trauma was blunt trauma (67.3%), open injuries accounted for 32.4% and 54.5% of the injuries were located in the lower extremities. The vascular injury frequently happened in the femoral artery (26.7%) and popliteal artery (20.3%). The treatment principle consisted of aggressive resuscitation, Doppler imaging and stable bone internal fixation with subsequent vascular repair and debridement. The vascular repair for injuries included end-to-end anastomosis (80 cases, 39.6%), interpositional vein graft (94, 46.5%), vascular decompression through fracture distraction (18, 8.9%), arterial ligation (6, 3.0%), vein patch (2, 1.0%), bypass graft (2, 1.0%), venous repair including autogenous vein graft (9, 24.3%) and ligation (28, 75.7%) and prophylactical fasciotomy (15, 7.4%). Postoperative amputation was performed in 16 cases (16.3%).


RESULTS
No intraoperative death was observed and all fractures united within 6 months. Limbs were salvaged in 180 patients (91.8%). Among these patients, early complications were found in 19 patients (9.7%) and late complications were observed in 8 patients (4.1%).


CONCLUSIONS
A well-organized approach, based on a specific treatment principle, not only improves clinical outcome but also does good to excellent functional recovery for patients with severe orthopedic injuries and concomitant vascular lesion.
Jie
Qiang
Q
Institute of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. jiqiang@fmmu.edu.cn
Yang
Liu
L
Zhu
Qing-sheng
QS
Li
Ming-quan
MQ
Li
Zhao
Z
Zhao
Guang-yue
GY
Hu
Yun-yu
YY
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000293:injuries*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000150:complications*; D005597:Fractures, Open / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies