In patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock treated with percutaneous coronary intervention, admission glucose level is a strong independent predictor for 1-year mortality in patients without a prior diagnosis of diabetes.
BACKGROUND
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) reduces mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS). Despite PCI, mortality in CS is still approximately 50%. Admission glucose concentration is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with STEMI and is associated with the occurrence of CS. Whether admission glucose is also a predictor of mortality in CS patients treated with primary PCI is unexplored. We therefore assessed the relation between admission glucose concentration and 1-year mortality in patients with STEMI with CS without a prior diagnosis of diabetes on admission and treated with PCI.


METHODS
We investigated a cohort of 208 consecutive patients with STEMI without a prior diagnosis of diabetes with CS on admission. Patients were classified according to glucose levels at admission: <7.8 mmol/L (group 1, n = 57), 7.8 to 11 mmol/L (group 2, n = 71), and >11.0 mmol/L (group 3, n = 80).


RESULTS
The overall 1-year mortality was 38%. One-year mortality was 21%, 27%, and 60% in groups I, II, and III, respectively (P < .001). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, the odds for mortality increased by 16% for every 1 mmol/L increase in plasma glucose concentration (OR 1.155, 95% CI 1.070-1.247), after adjustment for left ventricular ejection fraction <40%, age older than 75 years, male sex, and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 3 flow after PCI.


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with STEMI with CS and without a prior diagnosis of diabetes undergoing primary PCI, admission glucose concentration is a very strong independent predictor for 1-year mortality. Further studies are warranted to determine whether concomitant glycometabolic regulation in patients with STEMI treated with PCI, particularly those with CS, will improve clinical outcome.
Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Marije M
MM
Vis
Krischan D
KD
Sjauw
René J
RJ
van der Schaaf
Jan
J
Baan
Karel T
KT
Koch
J Hans
JH
DeVries
Jan G P
JG
Tijssen
Robbert J
RJ
de Winter
Jan J
JJ
Piek
José P S
JP
Henriques
D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012770:Shock, Cardiogenic / Q000209:etiology
D001786:Blood Glucose