[Reverse genetics system for measles virus: establishment and applications for analysis of virus replication and pathogenesis].
In 1990 Kobune et al. succeeded in isolating pathogenic wild-type strains of measles virus (MV) using a marmoset B-lymphoblastoid cell line B95a. Their data indicated that MV strains that have been used in laboratories are attenuated strains through the adaptation to grow in a variety of cultured cells. We have established a very efficient reverse genetics system that allows us to engineer the genome of a wild-type MV strain at will by site-directed mutagenesis or recombination. Using the system it was shown that (1) the H protein determines tropism of MV, (2) the M protein regulates mode of MV spread, (3) the C protein inhibits host innate immune responses, and (4) the long untranslated regions in the M and F genes function to moderate cytopathogenicity by MV. These data advanced our understanding of molecular bases for MV pathogenicity and mechanisms of MV adaptation to grow in cultured cells.
Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. mtakeda@virology.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
Makoto
M
Takeda
D000818:Animals; D005821:Genetic Techniques; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D008459:Measles virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology*; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D018523:Tropism / Q000235:genetics; D020506:Untranslated Regions / Q000502:physiology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics*
D020506:Untranslated Regions; D014764:Viral Proteins