Exploring specificity of glycosyltransferases: synthesis of new sugar nucleotide related molecules as putative donor substrates.
We investigated the specificity of glycosyltransferases toward donor substrates in two complementary directions. First we prepared simple N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-diphosphates: methyl-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-diphosphate, benzyl-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-diphosphate, 4-phenylbutyl-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-diphosphate, by the coupling of the corresponding activated alkyl phosphates with N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate. These diphosphates as well as 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranose 1-diphosphate, tested as donors of N-acetylglucosamine in a reaction catalyzed by Neisseria meningitidis N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (LgtA), proved to be devoid of activity. Evaluated as inhibitors, only 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranose 1-diphosphate showed some inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 7 mM. In the second approach, we prepared sugar nucleotide mimics having the diphosphate bridge replaced by the oxycarbonylaminosulfonyl linker. The surrogate of GDP-Fuc was synthesized as a 9:1 alpha/beta anomeric mixture, in 40% yield, starting from chlorosulfonyl isocyanate, perbenzylated l-fucopyranose, and a guanosine derivative, protected on the exocyclic amine and secondary hydroxyl functions of ribose. Then two deprotection steps, hydrogenolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis catalyzed by penicillin G amidase afforded the target molecule to be tested as fucose donor with recombinant human alpha-(1-->3/4)-fucosyltransferase (FucT-III). Tested as a 4:1 alpha/beta anomeric mixture, both in the absence and in the presence of cationic cofactors, this new guanosine fucose conjugate proved to be ineffective. Its inhibitory activity toward FucT-III evaluated through a competition fluorescence assay was very poor (IC50 value of 20 mM). The surrogate of UDP-GlcNAc that was already known as its protected acetylated derivative, tested as N-acetylglucosamine donor with LgtA in the presence of Mn(2+) turned out not to be active either.
Khaled
Amira
A
Glycochimie Moléculaire et Macromoléculaire, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Multifonctionnelle, UMR 8182, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, Bâtiment 420, Univ Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay, France.
Piotrowska
Olga
O
Dominiak
Katarzyna
K
Augé
Claudine
C
D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D016695:Glycosyltransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D009702:Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugars / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009702:Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugars; D016695:Glycosyltransferases