United Kingdom school-entry hearing screening: current practice.
OBJECTIVE
To determine if the school-entry hearing screening (SEHS) programme continues to make a useful contribution to the identification of childhood hearing impairment in the light of the recent implementation of universal newborn hearing screening, and thereby to inform future policy development.


METHODS
Postal questionnaire survey to determine current implementation and effectiveness of SEHS SETTING: 244 school health services managed within primary care and acute trusts throughout the UK.


METHODS
229 SEHS service leads approached; 195 responded.


METHODS
Details of implementation; positive predictive value of the screening test and its referral criteria.


RESULTS
Implementation of the SEHS is variable, and there is no national approach to data collection, audit and quality assurance. Less than 10% of services had available robust data. The yield from screening ranges from 0.05% to 0.59% for permanent sensorineural hearing impairment and from 0.07% to 0.44% for permanent conductive hearing impairment. The positive predictive values from screen referral vary from 0.62% to 12.16% for permanent sensorineural hearing impairment and 1.24% to 17.56% for permanent conductive hearing impairment.


CONCLUSIONS
This comprehensive survey provides a previously unavailable national examination of the SEHS. The few available data on yield indicate that the SEHS may have a small but important role to play in identification of childhood hearing impairment, but the overwhelming conclusion is the urgent need for national guidelines on implementation of this screening programme to determine its value since the implementation nationally of universal newborn hearing screening.
Bristow
K
K
Institute of Health and Society, Fourth Floor, William Leech Building Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK. kirsty.bristow@newcastle.ac.uk
Fortnum
H
H
Fonseca
S
S
Bamford
J
J
D002675:Child, Preschool; D006311:Hearing Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006320:Hearing Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015997:Neonatal Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012570:School Admission Criteria; D012572:School Health Services; D006113:United Kingdom