Nitric oxide: what a vascular surgeon needs to know.
Atherosclerosis in the form of peripheral arterial disease results in significant morbidity and mortality. Surgical treatment options for peripheral arterial disease include angioplasty with and without stenting, endarterectomy, and bypass grafting. Unfortunately, all of these procedures injure the vascular endothelium, which impairs its ability to produce nitric oxide (NO) and ultimately leads to neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis. To improve on current patency rates after vascular procedures, investigators are engaged in research to improve the bioavailability of NO at the site of vascular injury in an attempt to reduce the risk of thrombosis and restenosis after successful revascularization. This article reviews some of the previous research that has aimed to improve NO bioavailability after vascular procedures whether through systemic or local delivery, as well as to describe some of the NO-releasing products that are currently undergoing study for use in clinical practice.
Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Daniel A
DA
Popowich
Vinit
V
Varu
Melina R
MR
Kibbe
D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000601:surgery*; D001682:Biological Availability; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000517:prevention & control; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology; D014654:Vascular Patency / Q000187:drug effects
D009569:Nitric Oxide