Bacillus plakortidis sp. nov. and Bacillus murimartini sp. nov., novel alkalitolerant members of rRNA group 6.
The Gram-positive, alkali- and salt-tolerant marine bacterium strain P203(T) is described together with its closest phylogenetic neighbour, terrestrial isolate LMG 21005(T). Strain P203(T) was isolated from material from the sponge Plakortis simplex that was obtained from the Sula-Ridge, Norwegian Sea. Strain LMG 21005(T) was an undescribed strain that was isolated from a church wall mural in Germany. Strains P203(T) and LMG 21005(T) were identified as novel alkalitolerant members of the Bacillus rRNA group 6 with a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 99.5 %. The closest described neighbour, Bacillus gibsonii DSM 8722(T), showed 99.0 % gene sequence similarity with P203(T) and 98.8 % similarity with strain LMG 21005(T). Despite the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, DNA-DNA cross-hybridization revealed only 25.8-34.1 % similarity amongst the three strains. The DNA G+C contents were 41.1 mol% for strain P203(T) and 39.6 mol% for strain LMG 21005(T). Both strains grew well between pH 7 and pH 11. Strain P203(T) showed growth at moderate temperatures (from 4 to 30 degrees C) and in the presence of up to 12 % (w/v) NaCl at pH 9.7, whereas strain LMG 21005(T) was not salt tolerant (up to 4 % NaCl) and no growth was observed at 4 degrees C. The major fatty acids of strains P203(T), LMG 21005(T) and the type strain of B. gibsonii were the saturated terminally methyl-branched compounds iso-C(15 : 0) (19.8, 15.6 and 28.0 %, respectively) and anteiso-C(15 : 0) (57.1, 48.6 and 45.2 %, respectively). Physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strains P203(T) and LMG 21005(T) from the six related Bacillus species with validly published names and supported the proposal of two novel species, Bacillus plakortidis [type strain P203(T) (=DSM 19153(T)=NCIMB 14288(T))] and Bacillus murimartini [type strain LMG 21005(T) (=NCIMB 14102(T))].
Borchert
Martin S
MS
Novozymes A/S, Bacterial Screening, Krogshøjvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsværd, Denmark.|Hamburg University of Technology, Technical Microbiology, Kasernenstrasse 12, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany.
Nielsen
Preben
P
Novozymes A/S, Bacterial Screening, Krogshøjvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsværd, Denmark.
Graeber
Ingeborg
I
Berlin University of Technology, Fac. III, Microbial Ecology Group, Franklinstrasse 29, Sekr. FR 1-2, D-10587 Berlin, Germany.
Kaesler
Ines
I
Berlin University of Technology, Fac. III, Microbial Ecology Group, Franklinstrasse 29, Sekr. FR 1-2, D-10587 Berlin, Germany.
Szewzyk
Ulrich
U
Berlin University of Technology, Fac. III, Microbial Ecology Group, Franklinstrasse 29, Sekr. FR 1-2, D-10587 Berlin, Germany.
Pape
Thomas
T
University of Hamburg, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Marine Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
Antranikian
Garabed
G
Hamburg University of Technology, Technical Microbiology, Kasernenstrasse 12, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany.
Schäfer
Thomas
T
Novozymes A/S, Bacterial Screening, Krogshøjvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsværd, Denmark.
D000818:Animals; D001407:Bacillus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D005858:Germany; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D047229:Plakortis / Q000382:microbiology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012965:Sodium Chloride