The role of endorectal ultrasound in therapeutic decision-making for local vs. transabdominal resection of rectal tumors.
BACKGROUND
In rectal tumors, preoperative biopsies frequently fail to diagnose an invasive carcinoma. Endorectal ultrasound is considered a useful adjunct in preoperative staging of rectal tumors. However, feasibility of endorectal ultrasound and its role in therapeutic decision-making in presumed rectal adenomas is sparsely studied.


METHODS
Endorectal ultrasound was performed in 268 tumors referred for local excision because biopsies showed tubulovillous adenoma. Feasibility of endorectal ultrasound was studied and ultrasound staging was compared with definite histopathologic findings.


RESULTS
In 231 tumors, endorectal ultrasound was technically feasible (86 percent). Median distance from the dentate line was 11 cm in nonassessable tumors and 7 cm in assessable tumors (P < 0.001). In 21 tumors, endorectal ultrasound was not conclusive, mainly in tumors being recurrent or after recent endoscopic manipulation (P < 0.001). With endorectal ultrasound the rate of preoperative missed carcinomas could be reduced from 21 to 3 percent (P < 0.01). In diagnosing tubulovillous adenomas, sensitivity and specificity of endorectal ultrasound was 89 and 86 percent, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Endorectal ultrasound is technically feasible in almost all presumed rectal adenomas, referred for local excision. Proper endorectal ultrasound interpretation is possible in 78 percent of all presumed rectal adenomas. Endorectal ultrasound is very reliable in diagnosing tubulovillous adenomas, and therapeutic decision-making regarding local excision vs. radical surgery based on endorectal ultrasound is valid.
Doornebosch
P G
PG
Department of Surgery, Daniel den Hoed Cancer Centre, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. pgdoornebosch@hotmail.com
Bronkhorst
P J B
PJ
Hop
W C J
WC
Bode
W A
WA
Sing
A K
AK
de Graaf
E J R
EJ
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003657:Decision Making; D019160:Endosonography; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric