Neuromodulation techniques: a comparison of available and new therapies.
Neuromodulation has become ever more common in the fields of urology and voiding dysfunction. Many therapeutic alternatives have emerged to increase effectiveness of these therapies and reduce morbidity and invasiveness. Each new modality needs to prove its efficacy in common indications for voiding dysfunction such as refractory urgency-frequency, urge incontinence, and perhaps urinary retention, as well as in select patient populations and subgroups. We need more information to broaden the applicability of neuromodulation to larger numbers of patients and conditions.
Vasavada
Sandip P
SP
The Glickman Urological Institute, Center for Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, A100 Urology, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. vasavas@ccf.org
Goldman
Howard B
HB
Rackley
Raymond R
RR
D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008160:Lumbosacral Plexus; D008280:Magnetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000294:innervation*; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*