Risk perception among women receiving genetic counseling: a population-based follow-up study.
BACKGROUND
We aimed to explore the impact of genetic counseling on perceived personal lifetime risk of breast cancer, the accuracy of risk perception, and possible predictors of inaccurate risk perception 1 year following counseling.


METHODS
We conducted a population-based prospective follow-up study of 213 women who received genetic counseling for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, 319 women who underwent mammography (Reference Group I), and a random sample of 1070 women from the general population (Reference Group II).


RESULTS
Women who received genetic counseling decreased their perceived risk by an average of 6.6 percentage points (95% CI: 3.0%; 10.2%) between baseline and 12 months of follow-up. In contrast, perceived risk remained relatively stable in the reference groups. The proportion of women who accurately perceived their risk increased by 16% in the group receiving genetic counseling, compared to a reduction of 5% (p=0.03) and 2% (p=0.01) in Reference Groups I and II, respectively. Risk communicated only in words, inaccurate risk perception at baseline, and presence of a familial mutation appeared to be predictors of inaccurate risk perception 12 months after counseling.


CONCLUSIONS
This population-based study of women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer indicates that genetic counseling can help them both to reduce their perceived risk and to achieve a more realistic view of their risk of developing breast cancer.
Mikkelsen
Ellen M
EM
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital (EMM, SPJ), Denmark. em@dce.au.dk
Sunde
Lone
L
Johansen
Christoffer
C
Johnsen
Søren P
SP
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005817:Genetic Counseling; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires