Pathway of cytosolic starch synthesis in the model glaucophyte Cyanophora paradoxa.
The nature of the cytoplasmic pathway of starch biosynthesis was investigated in the model glaucophyte Cyanophora paradoxa. The storage polysaccharide granules are shown to be composed of both amylose and amylopectin fractions, with a chain length distribution and crystalline organization similar to those of green algae and land plant starch. A preliminary characterization of the starch pathway demonstrates that Cyanophora paradoxa contains several UDP-glucose-utilizing soluble starch synthase activities related to those of the Rhodophyceae. In addition, Cyanophora paradoxa synthesizes amylose with a granule-bound starch synthase displaying a preference for UDP-glucose. A debranching enzyme of isoamylase specificity and multiple starch phosphorylases also are evidenced in the model glaucophyte. The picture emerging from our biochemical and molecular characterizations consists of the presence of a UDP-glucose-based pathway similar to that recently proposed for the red algae, the cryptophytes, and the alveolates. The correlative presence of isoamylase and starch among photosynthetic eukaryotes is discussed.
Plancke
Charlotte
C
UMR8576 CNRS, Bât C9, Cité Scientifique, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, Cedex 59655, France.
Colleoni
Christophe
C
Deschamps
Philippe
P
Dauvillée
David
D
Nakamura
Yasunori
Y
Haebel
Sophie
S
Ritte
Gehrardt
G
Steup
Martin
M
Buléon
Alain
A
Putaux
Jean-Luc
JL
Dupeyre
Danielle
D
d'Hulst
Christophe
C
Ral
Jean-Philippe
JP
Löffelhardt
Wolfgang
W
Ball
Steven G
SG
D000687:Amylopectin / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D044424:Cyanophora / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D007517:Isoamylase / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D010802:Phylogeny; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D024941:Starch Phosphorylase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013214:Starch Synthase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014532:Uridine Diphosphate Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*
D018076:DNA, Complementary; D013213:Starch; D000687:Amylopectin; D024941:Starch Phosphorylase; D013214:Starch Synthase; D007517:Isoamylase; D014532:Uridine Diphosphate Glucose