[Retrospect of tuberculosis control in Brazil].
The aim of the study was to look back on the course of action involving measures of tuberculosis control in Brazil since the end of the 19th century, covering the history of social struggles and pointing out institutions and people that have dedicated themselves to looking for solutions to these issues. The Brazilian response to tuberculosis started in society with the Ligas Contra a Tuberculose (Leagues Against Tuberculosis), promoting scientific advances, such as the BCG vaccination, which begun in 1927. From the public power, the Inspetoria de Profilaxia da TB (TB Prophylaxis Inspection Service - 1920), the Serviço Nacional de Tuberculose (National Service of Tuberculosis - 1940), and the Campanha Nacional Contra a Tuberculose (National Campaign Against Tuberculosis - 1946), coordinated national policies such as chemotherapy, beginning with the discovery of streptomycin in 1944. The emergence of bacterial resistance led to the development of several therapeutic schemes. The Scheme 1 (rifampycin, hydrazide and pyrazinamid), which was the main one in 1979 and is still used nowadays, had a great epidemiological effect. The WHO declared TB a public health emergency in 1993. In response, Brazil developed some strategies; the first one was the Plano Emergencial para Controle da Tuberculose (Emergency Plan for Tuberculosis Control - 1994), prioritizing 230 municipalities. The current prospects are an effective municipalization of actions and their greater integration with the Programas de Agentes Comunitários e Saúde da Família (Humanitarian Agents and Family Health Programs).
Centro de Referência Prof. Hélio Fraga, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. miguel.hijjar@saude.gov.br
Miguel Aiub
MA
Hijjar
Germano
G
Gerhardt
Gilmário M
GM
Teixeira
Maria José
MJ
Procópio
D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001938:Brazil; D003140:Communicable Disease Control / Q000266:history; D003256:Community Participation; D006291:Health Policy; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000266:history; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D009313:National Health Programs; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000266:history / Q000517:prevention & control*
D000995:Antitubercular Agents