Eccentric fixation in Stargardt's disease assessed by Tübingen perimetry.
OBJECTIVE
To measure eccentric fixation characteristics in visual fields of patients with Stargardt's disease.


METHODS
The positions of fixation loci (FL) in the visual field were determined by Tübingen perimetry (TP), using the position of the blind spots in 173 patients. Altogether, 669 visual fields were measured at baseline and during follow-up. Twenty patients were also examined by scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO).


RESULTS
Ninety-five of 173 patients showed a ring scotoma with central fixation in at least one test, which could persist for up to 18.8 years. The median age for a 50% chance of the development of eccentric fixation was 23.6 years. One hundred four patients (203 eyes) used eccentric fixation in at least one eye; in 154 eyes, the FL was placed below the scotoma and in 33 eyes to the left of it, in 11 to the right of it, and in 5 above it. Once the FL was chosen, it remained within the same visual field area at subsequent tests, varying on average by 1.76 degrees. Compared with SLO results, the mean distance between FL and PRL was 1.90 degrees.


CONCLUSIONS
It is possible to determine the position of the FL by perimetry with sufficient accuracy if the blind spot is well delimited. Stargardt patients can keep central fixation for different time intervals before changing to an eccentric FL. Most of them show an FL below the central scotoma, which is considered favorable for horizontal reading.
Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Andre
A
Messias
Jens
J
Reinhard
Antonio Augusto
AA
Velasco e Cruz
Klaus
K
Dietz
Manfred
M
MacKeben
Susanne
S
Trauzettel-Klosinski
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D009898:Optic Disk; D012607:Scotoma / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D058609:Visual Field Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*