[Antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular mechanisms of resistance to beta-lactams of gram-negative microorganisms--causative agents of nosocomial infections].
Profiles and mechanisms of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics of isolates of Gram-negative microorganisms, which are causative agents of infections in Intensive Care Unit of hospital surgery department, were studied. Two hundred and ten clinical isolates were studied: Pseudomonas aeruginosa--86 strains (40.9%), Acinetobacter baummanii--45 strains (21.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae--52 strains (24.8%), Escherichia coli--23 strains (11%), Enterobacter spp.--4 strains (1.9%). Profiles of antibiotic resistance were studied by the method of serial microdilutions; detection of most widespread and clinically significant genes of beta-lactamases of Gram-negative bacteria was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Carbapenems and cefoperazone/sulbactam were the most active antibiotics. Local features of distribution of beta-lactamase coding genes (TEM, SHV, CTX) in K. pneumoniae and E. coli isolates were revealed. Eleven strains of P. aeruginosa resistant to carbapenems and possessing genetic determinants of VIM-group, which codes metallo-beta-lactamases, were isolated. Obtained data allows to assess the parameters of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and to reveal the main mechanisms of such resistance in etiologic agents of nosocomial infections, that, in its turn, allows to choose preparations for etiotropic therapy.
Krapivina
I V
IV
Galeeva
E V
EV
Veshutova
N S
NS
Ivanov
D V
DV
Sidorenko
S V
SV
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015780:Carbapenems / Q000494:pharmacology; D002438:Cefoperazone / Q000494:pharmacology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009031:Moscow; D013407:Sulbactam / Q000494:pharmacology; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics; D047090:beta-Lactams / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015780:Carbapenems; D047090:beta-Lactams; D002438:Cefoperazone; D001618:beta-Lactamases; D013407:Sulbactam