Visualization and classification of amyloid beta supramolecular assemblies.
Deposition of amyloid beta (Abeta) fibrils has been suggested to play a central role in Alzheimer's disease. In clarifying the mechanism by which fibrils form and moreover in developing new treatments for amyloidosis, direct observation is important. Focusing on the interactions with surfaces at the early stages, we studied the spontaneous formation of Abeta(1-40) fibrils on quartz slides, monitored by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy combined with thioflavin T, an amyloid-specific fluorescence dye. Self-assembly of Abeta(1-40), accelerated by a low concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate, produced various remarkable amyloid assemblies. Densely packed spherulitic structures with radial fibril growth were typically observed. When the packing of fibrils was coarse, extremely long fibrils often protruded from the spherulitic cores. In other cases, a large number of wormlike fibrils were formed. Transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed relatively short and straight fibrillar blocks associated laterally without tight interaction, leading to random-walk-like fibril growth. These results suggest that, during spontaneous fibrillation, the nucleation occurring in contact with surfaces is easily affected by environmental factors, creating various types of nuclei, and hence variations in amyloid morphology. A taxonomy of amyloid supramolecular assemblies will be useful in clarifying the structure-function relationship of amyloid fibrils.
Yagi
Hisashi
H
Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Ban
Tadato
T
Morigaki
Kenichi
K
Naiki
Hironobu
H
Goto
Yuji
Y
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011791:Quartz
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C078592:amyloid beta-protein (1-40); C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); D011791:Quartz