The effect of multi-generational exposure to metals and resultant change in median lethal toxicity tests values over subsequent generations.
A study was conducted on the long term effects of nine heavy metals on the Chironomus plumosus and Culicoides furens larvae. This study tested the effect of the heavy metals on several generations of the larvae to observe the formation of increased hardiness against pollutants present within the aquatic habitat. From this study it was observed that susceptibility or sensitivity to heavy metals decreased with LC50 values becoming larger indicating a decreased toxicity level. Significant variations (p < 0.05) were observed between first generation and third generation culicoides for all metals and at all concentrations. Variations between third and fourth generation culicoides were also significantly different (p < 0.05) with the exception of chromium at 25 degrees C and nickel and lead at every temperature range group. The variation between all generations 4, 5 and 6 was found to be insignificant (p > 0.05). This would indicate that metal tolerance would have occurred in these generations and the effect of metals was less toxic to the culicoides. Generation 9 was found to have LC50 values (p > 0.05) the same as the LC50 values obtained in third generation culicoides. Thus it would appear that heavy metal resistance was developed when the organisms were exposed to prolonged exposure of the heavy metals but was lost when the organisms were bred in non-contaminated water.
Vedamanikam
V J
VJ
University College of Science and Technology (KUSTEM), Mengabang Telipot, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. vyk_diamond@yahoo.com
Shazilli
N A M
NA
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods; D002519:Ceratopogonidae; D002683:Chironomidae; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical