Dose-dependent effects of Ni (II) ions on production of three inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and free radical NO by murine macrophage-like RAW264 cells with or without LPS-stimulation.
The effect of Ni (II) ions on macrophages is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the dose-dependent effects of Ni (II) ions up to 1,000 micromol/L on production of three inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) by murine macrophage-like RAW264 cells with (+) or without (-) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -stimulation. Ni (II) ions caused LPS (-) RAW264 cells to slightly increase production of TNF-alpha and IL-6, proportionally to the Ni (II) ion concentration while IL-1beta was not produced, and to slightly increase production of SOD and NO. It can be concluded that Ni (II) ions dose-dependently increased the inflammatory and oxidative stress conditions of LPS (-) RAW264 cells. LPS-stimulation caused RAW264 cells to produce in abundance the three inflammatory cytokines, SOD and NO. Ni (II) ions dose-dependently reduced the three cytokine quantities and NO amounts in LPS (+) RAW264 cells, while dose-independently increasing SOD amounts. It was noted that Ni (II) ions dose-dependently reduce the resistance power against bacteria of LPS (+) macrophages, because the production of volatile NO--bacteria killer is diminished proportionally to the Ni (II) ion concentration.
Taira
Masayuki
M
Department of Dental Materials Science and Technology, Iwate Medical University School of Dentistry, 1-3-27 Chuo-dori, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8505, Japan. mtaira@iwate-med.ac.jp
Sasaki
Minoru
M
Kimura
Shigenobu
S
Araki
Yoshima
Y
D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005609:Free Radicals; D007249:Inflammation; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007477:Ions; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000737:chemistry; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
D005609:Free Radicals; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007477:Ions; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009573:Nitrites; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D009532:Nickel; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase