Withdrawal symptoms do not predict relapse among subjects treated for cannabis dependence.
This is the first follow-up study on the association between cannabis withdrawal symptoms and risk of relapse to cannabis use. Withdrawal symptoms were assessed in 36 subjects seeking treatment for cannabis dependence. All were free of other substance use or alcohol abuse in the month before abstinence from cannabis. Follow-up was performed 26+/-4 months later, and at this point, the withdrawal symptoms were re-assessed. The following symptoms were significantly elevated after abstinence compared with follow-up: irritability, anger, depression, restlessness, craving, sleep problems, strange dreams, increased appetite, violent outbursts, sweating, hot flashes, chills, and shakiness. This offers further validation of a cannabis withdrawal syndrome. Average withdrawal scores at baseline did not differ with gender, age, treatment type, extent of cannabis use, or a lifetime history of anxiety or affective disorders. Withdrawal scores at baseline did not predict relapse during follow-up.
Centre for Basic Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark. mca@psykiatri.aaa.dk
Mikkel
M
Arendt
Raben
R
Rosenberg
Leslie
L
Foldager
Leo
L
Sher
Povl
P
Munk-Jørgensen
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*