Preliminary clinical results of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the preliminary clinical results of selective transplantation of organ cultured, donor Descemet membrane (DM) carrying autologous corneal endothelium through a 3.5-mm incision, tentatively named Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), for the management of corneal endothelial disorders.


METHODS
Nonrandomized clinical study.


METHODS
In 10 patients with Fuchs endothelial dystrophy or pseudophakic bullous keratopathy, DMEK was performed. A 3.5-mm clear corneal tunnel incision was made, the anterior chamber was filled with air, and DM was stripped off from the posterior stroma. A 9.0-mm diameter DM roll was harvested from an organ cultured donor corneo-scleral rim, and inserted into a recipient anterior chamber. The donor tissue was gently unfolded, positioned onto the posterior stroma, and secured by completely filling the anterior chamber with air for 30 minutes.


RESULTS
At one month, six eyes had a best-corrected visual acuity of 0.5 (20/40) or better, and three eyes reached 1.0 (20/20). At six months, the endothelial cell density averaged 2030 (+/-373) cells/mm(2) (n = 7). Three eyes showed a complete detachment of the donor tissue in the early postoperative course that was managed by removal of the transplant and a secondary Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty procedure.


CONCLUSIONS
DMEK may have potential to become the most preferable technique to manage corneal endothelial disorders, because it provides quick and nearly complete visual rehabilitation. Because the donor tissue required can be prepared from organ cultured corneo-scleral rims, the procedure may be readily accessible to most corneal surgeons.
Melles
Gerrit R J
GR
Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery, Laan Op Zuid 390, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. melles@niioc.nl
Ong
T San
TS
Ververs
Bob
B
van der Wees
Jacqueline
J
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002452:Cell Count; D003315:Cornea / Q000601:surgery; D016039:Corneal Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D003886:Descemet Membrane; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D005642:Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D014019:Tissue Donors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology