[Clinically important beta-lactamases of gram-negative bacteria: AmpC].
Beta-lactamases are the most common cause of beta-lactam resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. With third-generation and fourth-generation cephalosporins being introduced into practice, new beta-lactamases have evolved, able to hydrolyze these antibiotics. AmpC-type beta lactamases (cephalosporinases) are serine enzymes with the ability to hydrolyze penicillins, monobactams and cephalosporins of all generations, including cephamycins. Over the last two decades, transferable plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases have been reported with increasing frequency. The genes for resistance to other groups of antibiotics are usually carried on the same mobile element as the AmpC genes. A reliable method for AmpC detection in routine diagnosis has not been available yet. The issue of AmpC-type beta lactamases is summarized, including their identification, interpretation of susceptibility test results and recommended treatment of infection caused by AmpC producers.
Ustav mikrobiologie LF UK a FN v Plzni. Jaroslav.Hrabak@lfp.cuni.cz
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D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002510:Cephalosporinase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002510:Cephalosporinase; C048795:AmpC beta-lactamases; D001618:beta-Lactamases