Prevalence of the impaired glucose metabolism and its association with risk factors for coronary artery disease in women with gestational diabetes.
Gestational diabetes (GDM) has increased risk of diabetes (DM2), a coronary artery disease (CAD) equivalent. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) in GDM and its association with risk factors for CAD. A cohort of 109 women with GDM underwent a glucose tolerance test which classified them into three groups: diabetic (DM2) (fasting glucose (G) >or=126mg/dl or plasma glucose 2h (2-h G) >or=200mg/dl); impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (G 100-125mg/dl and/or 2-h G 140-199mg/dl); and normal (N) (G<100mg/dl and/or 2-h<140mg/dl). They were compared for pre-gestational (PBMI) and current (CBMI) body mass index, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), G, lipids, fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Thirty two months after delivery, 17.4% presented DM2, 39.4% IGT and 43.1% were N. PBMI, CBMI, SBP and DBP were significantly higher in the DM2 than N. G was higher in DM2 and IGT. HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) was higher in the N (p=0.02) and the triglycerides (TG) were higher in DM2 (p=0.02). The groups showed significantly different levels of hsCRP (p=0.002). We conclude that the high prevalence of IGM, overweight/obesity, dyslipidemia and altered inflammatory markers, make GDM a high-risk situation for CAD.
Pe. Jeremias' Hospital/FUC, Alvorada, RS, Brazil.
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D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL