Bioconversion of small molecules by cytochrome P450 species expressed in Escherichia coli.
P450 (cytochrome P450) enzymes catalyse the mono-oxygenation of a wide range of compounds such as steroids, fatty acids, vitamins and drugs. In the present paper we demonstrate a system for bioconverting diverse compounds [flavanone, DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) and 7-ethoxycoumarin] using P450 species expressed in Escherichia coli. First, we expressed four P450 species: rabbit CYP2B (P450 family 2, subfamily B), fruitfly (Drosophila) CYP317A, rat CYP3A23 and mouse CYP2J5. Next, we added substrates directly to the incubation medium. The resulting metabolites were extracted and analysed by HPLC and spectrofluorimetry. The first substrate, 7-ethoxycoumarin, was de-ethylated by CYP2B; CYP2J5 and CYP3A23 showed weak activity, and CYP317A had no activity for 7-ethoxycoumarin. We next used flavanone, a flavonoid, as a substrate for these four P450 species and other P450 species expressed previously. As a result, CYP2B, CYP2C43 and CYP2C29 catalysed flavanone 2-hydroxylation. CYP2A5 catalysed 2- and 4-hydroxylations. Finally, to produce diverse modified compounds, variants of CYP2A5 with point mutations were incubated with a steroid (DHEA) and an antioxidant (flavanone) in vivo. HPLC analysis indicated that two P450 species produced a 7-beta-hydroxy-DHEA and two P450 species produced a 2-alpha-hydroxy-DHEA. Four P450 species catalysed flavanone 2- and 4-hydroxylations. These results indicate that bioconversion by P450 is a useful technique to modify small molecules (steroids, coumarin and flavanone) and produce new, diverse hydroxylated compounds, which could be used for high-throughput screening for drug discovery.
Uno
Tomohide
T
Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
Okamoto
Sota
S
Masuda
Satoko
S
Itoh
Atsushi
A
Uno
Yuichi
Y
Nakamura
Masahiko
M
Kanamaru
Kengo
K
Yamagata
Hiroshi
H
Imaishi
Hiromasa
H
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics*; D044950:Flavanones / Q000378:metabolism*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D044950:Flavanones; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System