Improved kidney graft function after preservation using a novel hypothermic machine perfusion device.
OBJECTIVE
To study graft function and ischemia/reperfusion injury of porcine kidneys after preservation with the new Groningen Machine Perfusion (GMP) system versus static cold storage (CS).


BACKGROUND
The increasing proportion of marginal and nonheart beating donors necessitates better preservation methods to maintain adequate graft viability. Hypothermic machine preservation (HMP) is a promising alternative to static CS. We have therefore developed and tested an HMP device, which is portable and actively oxygenates the perfusate via an oxygenator. The aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of the GMP system in a transplantation experiment.


METHODS
In a porcine autotransplantation model, kidneys were retrieved and either cold stored in University of Wisconsin CS for 20 hours at 4 degrees C or subjected to HMP using University of Wisconsin machine perfusion at 4 degrees C with 2 different pressure settings: 30/20 mm Hg or 60/40 mm Hg.


RESULTS
HMP at 30/20 mm Hg was found to better preserve the viability of kidneys reflected by improved cortical microcirculation, less damage to the proximal tubule, less damage mediated by reactive oxygen species, less proinflammatory cytokine expression, and better functional recovery after transplantation. However, high perfusion pressures (60/40 mm Hg) resulted in higher expression of von Willebrand factor and monocyte chemotactic peptide-1 in postpreservation biopsies and subsequent graft thrombosis in 2 kidneys.


CONCLUSIONS
It is concluded that the GMP system improves kidney graft viability and perfusion pressures are critically important for outcome.
Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. m.h.j.maathuis@chir.umcg.nl
Mark-Hugo J
MH
Maathuis
Steffen
S
Manekeller
Arjan
A
van der Plaats
Henri G D
HG
Leuvenink
Nils A
NA
't Hart
A Bastiaan
AB
Lier
Gerhard
G
Rakhorst
Rutger J
RJ
Ploeg
Thomas
T
Minor
D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000473:pathology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology; D009926:Organ Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D010477:Perfusion / Q000295:instrumentation*; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control; D013552:Swine; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome