No evidence of association of the PDCD1 gene with Type 1 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
To test the association between the immunoreceptor PD-1 (PDCD1) gene and Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This gene has been reported to be associated with other autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as well as T1DM.


METHODS
Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PDCD1 gene was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), pyrosequencing and TaqMan in two separate cohorts of Swedish patients and control subjects: a family study consisting of 184 multiplex and eight simplex families and a case-control study consisting of 586 patients and 836 control subjects. Three SNPs were genotyped: PD-1 7146, PD-1 7785 and PD-1 8738.


RESULTS
We did not detect any association or linkage between SNPs in PDCD1 and T1DM. We further performed a meta-analysis for association of PD-1 7146, PD-1 7785 and PD-1 8738 to T1DM. We detected heterogeneity in association with weak evidence for overall association.


CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that PDCD1 is unlikely to be a major susceptibility gene for T1DM.
Asad
S
S
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Fawwaz
S
S
Nikamo
P
P
Törn
C
C
Landin-Olsson
M
M
Lernmark
A
A
Alarcón-Riquelme
M
M
Kockum
I
I
D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; D013548:Sweden
D015703:Antigens, CD; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor