Induction of lytic cycle replication of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus by herpes simplex virus type 1: involvement of IL-10 and IL-4.
Previously, we identified that both human herpesvirus 6 and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat were important cofactors that activated lytic cycle replication of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Here, we further investigated the potential of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) to influence KSHV replication. We demonstrated that HSV-1 was a potentially important factor in the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma, as determined by production of lytic phase mRNA transcripts, viral proteins and infectious viral particles in BCBL-1 cells. These results were further confirmed by an RNA interference experiment using small interfering RNA targeting KSHV ORF50 and a luciferase reporter assay testing ORF50 promoter-driven luciferase activity. Finally, we discovered that production of human interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-4 partially contributed to HSV-1-induced KSHV replication. Our data present the first direct evidence that HSV-1 can activate KSHV lytic replication and suggest a role of HSV-1 in KSHV pathogenesis.
Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
Di
D
Qin
Yi
Y
Zeng
Chao
C
Qian
Zan
Z
Huang
Zhigang
Z
Lv
Lin
L
Cheng
Shuihong
S
Yao
Qiao
Q
Tang
Xiuying
X
Chen
Chun
C
Lu
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D020868:Gene Silencing; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000502:physiology*; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology*
D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4