Identification of Ruta graveolens L. metabolites accumulated in the presence of abiotic elicitors.
The study aimed to elucidate the effects of benzothiadiazole (BTH) and saccharin on the biosynthesis of simple coumarins, linear furanocoumarins, dihydrofuranocoumarins, and furoquinolone alkaloids in shoots of R. graveolens cultivated in vitro. The biosynthesized metabolites were analyzed and identified by GC-MS and by comparison of Kovats indices. Eight coumarin metabolites were identified: bergapten, chalepin, isopimpinelin, pinnarin, psoralen, rutacultin, rutamarin, and xanthotoxin, and also four alkaloids: dictamnine, gamma-fagarine, skimmianine, and kokusaginine. Each of the tested BTH concentrations induced a significant production of furanocoumarins and furoquinolone alkaloids. The use of saccharin also increased the production of bergapten, isopimpinelin, pinnarin, psoralen, and xanthotoxin several times.
Orlita
Aleksandra
A
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, PL 80-952 Gdańsk, ul. Sobieskiego 18, Gdańsk, Poland.
Sidwa-Gorycka
Matylda
M
Kumirska
Jolanta
J
Maliński
Edmund
E
Siedlecka
Ewa M
EM
Gajdus
Jerzy
J
Lojkowska
Ewa
E
Stepnowski
Piotr
P
D000078223:5-Methoxypsoralen; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003374:Coumarins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005363:Ficusin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011564:Furocoumarins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D008730:Methoxsalen / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011804:Quinolines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D032105:Ruta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012439:Saccharin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013830:Thiadiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
D001578:Benzopyrans; D003374:Coumarins; D011564:Furocoumarins; D011804:Quinolines; D013830:Thiadiazoles; C031533:chalepin; C022850:rutamarin; C015304:isopimpinellin; C015700:benzo-1,2,3-thiadiazole; D000078223:5-Methoxypsoralen; C049193:gamma-fagarine; C030123:coumarin; D012439:Saccharin; C026398:dictamnine; D005363:Ficusin; D008730:Methoxsalen