Anti-oxidative and photo-protective effects of coumarins isolated from Fraxinus chinensis.
Free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are generated by UV irradiation, may cause serious injury to skin cell membranes, DNA and functional proteins. In addition, these agents stimulate the expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which can degrade most components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), including collagen. In order to develop new anti-photoaging agents, five major components from the extract of Fraxinus chinensis extract (FCE) were identified. Two of the major components of FCE were found to be esculin (11.2%) and esculetin (1.9%). FCE (IC50: 50.0 microg/mL 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH); 19.8 microg/mL, superoxide anion radical) and esculetin (IC50: 2.1 microg/mL DPPH; 0.6 microg/mL, superoxide anion radical) showed strong antioxidative activities. Of the compounds tested, esculetin showed the strongest scavenging activity against DPPH radicals, followed by superoxide anions from the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. The intracellular ROS scavenging activity showed that oxidation of 5-(6-)-chloromethyl-2', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (CM-H2DCFDA) was effectively inhibited by esculetin, with potent free radical scavenging activity was also shown in UVB-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Moreover, treatment of UVA-irradiated HDFs with esculetin resulted in dose-dependent decreases in the expression levels of MMP-1 mRNA and protein. From these results, FCE and one of its components, esculetin, were predicted to be potentially useful as ingredients in cosmetics for protecting against photoaging.
Lee
Bum-Chun
BC
College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea.
Lee
So Yong
SY
Lee
Hwa Jeong
HJ
Sim
Gwan-Sub
GS
Kim
Jin-Hui
JH
Kim
Jin-Hwa
JH
Cho
Young-Ho
YH
Lee
Dong-Hwan
DH
Pyo
Hyeong-Bae
HB
Choe
Tae-Boo
TB
Moon
Dong Cheul
DC
Yun
Yeo Pyo
YP
Hong
Jin Tae
JT
D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000187:drug effects; D003374:Coumarins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020405:Dermis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004929:Esculin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D031661:Fraxinus / Q000737:chemistry; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014468:Umbelliferones / Q000494:pharmacology
D003374:Coumarins; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D014468:Umbelliferones; D004929:Esculin; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; C007628:esculetin