Plasma HHV-6 viral load-guided preemptive therapy against HHV-6 encephalopathy after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a prospective evaluation.
Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) causes life-threatening encephalopathy in recipients of allogeneic SCT, but no consensus has been reached regarding appropriate preventive methods. This study evaluated a plasma HHV-6 viral load-guided preemptive approach against HHV-6-associated encephalopathy. Plasma real-time PCR assay was performed once a week. Among 29 patients, 19 developed positive plasma HHV-6 DNA. Median maximum plasma HHV-6 DNA was 4593.5 copies/ml plasma (range, 150.0-127 891.0 copies/ml plasma). In one of eight events with low-level HHV-6 DNA (defined as <1000 copies/ml plasma) and four of seven events with mid-level HHV-6 DNA (1000-9999.5 copies/ml plasma), HHV-6 loads in plasma subsequently continued increasing. Ganciclovir was administered against six of nine patients with high-level HHV-6 DNA (> or =10,000 copies/ml plasma). High-level HHV-6 DNA resolved similarly in both groups with or without ganciclovir therapy. Among the nine patients with high-level HHV-6 DNA two developed encephalopathy. As encephalopathy developed before the detection of high-level HHV-6 DNA in plasma, these two patients had not received preemptive ganciclovir therapy. In conclusion, our preemptive approach against HHV-6-associated encephalopathy cannot prevent all cases of HHV-6 encephalopathy in SCT recipients due to the dynamic kinetics of plasma HHV-6 viral load.
Ogata
M
M
Blood Transfusion Center, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan. mogata@med.oita-u.ac.jp
Satou
T
T
Kawano
R
R
Goto
K
K
Ikewaki
J
J
Kohno
K
K
Ando
T
T
Miyazaki
Y
Y
Ohtsuka
E
E
Saburi
Y
Y
Saikawa
T
T
Kadota
J-I
JI
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018890:Chemoprevention; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D015774:Ganciclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015654:Herpesvirus 6, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019349:Roseolovirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D015774:Ganciclovir