Retapamulin: a semisynthetic pleuromutilin compound for topical treatment of skin infections in adults and children.
Retapamulin is a semisynthetic pleuromutilin compound with in vitroactivity against Gram-positive bacteria, no cross-resistance to other classes of antimicrobial agents in current use and a low potential for development of resistance. A 1% ointment formulation has been developed for clinical use, and a placebo-controlled trial of impetigo in 210 patients produced significantly higher rates of clinical and microbiological success compared with placebo - 85.6 versus 52.1% and 91.2 versus 50.9%, respectively. Additional comparative studies in over 1900 patients showed noninferiority to topical fusidic acid and oral cephalexin and a low frequency of adverse events. In 2007, retapamulin was approved in the USA for topical treatment of impetigo caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, and in the EU for topical treatment of impetigo and infected wounds caused by S. pyogenes and S. aureus, with approvals including adults and children over 9 months of age.
Case Western Reserve University & University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Department of Pathology, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. mrj6@cwru.edu
Michael R
MR
Jacobs
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007169:Impetigo / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D007223:Infant; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D012874:Skin Diseases, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D013207:Staphylococcal Skin Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000097567:Pleuromutilins
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D004224:Diterpenes; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D000097567:Pleuromutilins; C508887:retapamulin