Cytokinesis: placing and making the final cut.
Cytokinesis is the process by which cells physically separate after the duplication and spatial segregation of the genetic material. A number of general principles apply to this process. First the microtubule cytoskeleton plays an important role in the choice and positioning of the division site. Once the site is chosen, the local assembly of the actomyosin contractile ring remodels the plasma membrane. Finally, membrane trafficking to and membrane fusion at the division site cause the physical separation of the daughter cells, a process termed abscission. Here we will discuss recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of cytokinesis in animals, yeast, and plants.
University of Liverpool, Cancer Research Centre, 200 London Road, Liverpool L3 9TA, UK. fabarr@liverpool.ac.uk
Francis A
FA
Barr
Ulrike
U
Gruneberg
D000199:Actins / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D048749:Cytokinesis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008561:Membrane Fusion / Q000502:physiology; D008870:Microtubules / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000502:physiology; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000502:physiology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D000097869:Polo-Like Kinase 1
D000199:Actins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D010770:Phosphotransferases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; D000097869:Polo-Like Kinase 1