Prevalence of diplopia related to cataract surgery among cases of diplopia.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the prevalence of diplopia in Greece after cataract surgery among diplopia cases.


METHODS
The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 571 patients with diplopia over an 8-year period in order to evaluate the prevalence of diplopia related to cataract surgery. The surgical and anesthetic records were also reviewed. All patients had full orthoptic assessment including prisms with cover test in all gaze positions. The chi-square and cross-tabulation statistical tests were used for statistical analysis.


RESULTS
Thirty-nine cases (6.8%) were having persistent diplopia related to cataract surgery. Type of anesthesia was peribulbar. Hyaluronidase was not used. Thirteen patients were men and 26 were women. Left eyes were involved in 22 cases (56.4%), right in 17 cases (43.6%). Mean age was 72.5 years. Patients were divided into four groups. Group 1 consisted of 29 patients related to surgical trauma due to anesthesia. Group 2 consisted of 7 patients related to pre-existing disorders. Group 3 consisted of 2 patients related to aniseikonia or anisometropia. Group 4 with 1 patient related to macular pathology. Vertical diplopia was mostly noted (28 cases). Twenty-nine patients were corrected with prisms, 9 needed strabismus surgery, and 1 needed both surgery and prisms.


CONCLUSIONS
Cataract surgery is not a common cause of persistent diplopia. However, this report highlights that prevalence of diplopia related to cataract is high among cases of diplopia in general, with diplopia being mostly vertical (p=0.001), affecting females (p=0.006), and being more common in left eyes, although results did not reach statistical significance (p=0.133).
Karagiannis
D
D
1st Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School of Athens University, Athens, Greece. dimitrioskaragiannis@doctors.org.uk
Chatzistefanou
K
K
Damanakis
A
A
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004172:Diplopia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution
D000779:Anesthetics, Local