Rising incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents in Cyprus in 2000-2004.
BACKGROUND
The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has dramatically increased recently in some countries.


OBJECTIVE
To ascertain any changes in the incidence of T1DM in our population during the years 1990-2004.


METHODS
All newly diagnosed cases of T1DM children under the age of 15 yr were registered and relevant information was obtained. Population demographic data based on the most recent census were used for calculations.


RESULTS
The overall mean annual incidence of T1DM during this 15-yr period was 11.9/100,000 person-years, with a statistically significant increase in the third 5-yr period (14.9/100,000 person-years). The incidence during the first (1990-1994) and second (1995-1999) 5-yr periods was 10.5/100,000 person-years (p < 0.001). The overall male:female ratio was 0.94. Seasonal distribution for the first and second 5-yr periods revealed a higher incidence during winter and autumn months. Seasonal variation, however, disappears in the third 5-yr period, where no differences were found between the four seasons.


CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of newly diagnosed T1DM cases has increased during 2000-2004. A seasonal variation during the first and second 5-yr periods was no longer observed in the third 5-yr period.
Toumba
Meropi
M
Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Makarios Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Savva
Savvas C
SC
Bacopoulou
Ioanna
I
Apsiotou
Theonitsa
T
Georgiou
Theognosia
T
Stavrou
Stavros
S
Skordis
Nicos
N
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003535:Cyprus / Q000453:epidemiology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011158:Population Growth; D012621:Seasons