Genetic variants of glutathione S-transferase as possible risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma: a HuGE systematic review and meta-analysis.
The authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of polymorphisms in genes encoding glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), phase II isoenzymes involved in cellular detoxification, on risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Fifteen eligible studies were identified: 14 evaluated GSTM1; 13, GSTT1; three, GSTP1; and one each evaluated GSTM2, GSTM3, GSTA1, GSTA4, GSTO1, and GSTO2, respectively. All were case-control studies performed in populations with high (Asian, African) and medium (European) HCC incidence rates. Random-effects meta-analyses suggested a small excess risk of HCC with GSTT1 null (odds ratio (OR) = 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99, 1.44) and possibly GSTM1 null (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.53) genotypes. Cumulative meta-analyses demonstrated that both pooled estimators generally trended toward a small excess risk with publication of more recent studies. Results for GSTP1 A313G suggested no excess risk (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.50, 1.15). A number of potentially interesting gene-gene and gene-environment interactions were reported, but these were too few and inconsistent to allow meta-analysis. The overall results suggest that there may be a small excess risk of HCC in individuals with GSTT1 null and possibly also with GSTM1 null genotypes. However, given the relatively limited total number of subjects examined and observed between-study heterogeneity, chance could not be excluded.
The Section of Gastroenterology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Donna L
DL
White
Donghui
D
Li
Zhannat
Z
Nurgalieva
Hashem B
HB
El-Serag
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007527:Isoenzymes; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase