Signaling can be uncoupled from imaging of the somatostatin receptor type 2.
Endogenous and exogenous somatostatin receptors are commonly targeted for imaging using radiopharmaceutical analogues of somatostatin. Ligand binding activates receptor-mediated signaling. We assessed whether somatostatin receptor type 2A (SSTR2A) imaging can be uncoupled from signal transduction. In both human fibrosarcoma (HT1080) and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay found similar levels of expression of hemagglutinin A tagged SSTR2A (HA-SSTR2A) or the same fusion protein with a deletion of the C-terminus beyond amino acid 314 (HA-SSTR2Delta314). Scatchard analysis demonstrated similar degrees of ligand binding by the wild-type or mutant receptor to (111)In-octreotide in both cell pairs. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production and inhibition of forskolin-induced cylic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production were evaluated at the signaling level, and growth inhibition was evaluated at the cellular level before and after stimulation. Unlike wild-type receptor, HA-SSTR2Delta314 was deficient in inhibiting forskolin-induced cAMP production (p < .05) and in inciting cGMP (p < .05) production; furthermore, at the cellular level, HA-SSTR2Delta314 was deficient in inhibiting cell proliferation (p < .05). Yet tumors expressing HA-SSTR2Delta314 could be imaged in vivo. Thus, in vivo imaging of SSTR2 can be uncoupled from cAMP and cGMP signaling as well as growth inhibition.
Department of Experimental Diagnostic Imageing, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Lin
L
Han
Dan
D
Yang
Vikas
V
Kundra
D000818:Animals; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D015282:Octreotide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011485:Protein Binding; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D050505:Mutant Proteins; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin; D013004:Somatostatin; C093733:somatostatin receptor 2; D015282:Octreotide