Antimicrobial resistance pattern of Gram-negative bacilli of nosocomial origin at 2 university hospitals in Iran.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial resistance pattern among common Gram-negative bacilli isolated from patients with nosocomial infection. A total of 200 samples of common Gram-negative bacilli (Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Escherichia coli) were collected from 2 university hospitals in Iran during a 1.5-year period from June 2004 to December 2005. All samples were examined for the antimicrobial activity of imipenem, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and ceftazidime using E-test methods. The most frequent pathogens were Klebsiella spp. (38.5%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (28.5%), Acinetobacter spp. (20.5%), and E. coli (12.5%). The most active antibiotic was imipenem (84%). The susceptibility of the studied microorganisms was 25% for cefepime, 24% for ciprofloxacin, 20.5% for ceftazidime, and 11.8% for ceftriaxone. The susceptibility rates of Klebsiella to imipenem, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone were 90.9%, 20.8%, 18.2%, 10.4%, and 5.2%, respectively. Likewise, these rates were 88%, 19%, 17%, 21%, and 21% for E. coli. Among Acinetobacter spp., the susceptibility rates were 77% for imipenem and 21% for ciprofloxacin. Among Pseudomonas, the rates were 75% for imipenem and 39% for ciprofloxacin. The antibiotics resistance among Gram-negative bacilli was widespread, so an antibiotic policy is urgently needed to delay the resistance development.
Hadadi
Azar
A
Department of Infectious Diseases, Sina Hospital, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Tehran 11367-46911, Iran. hadadiaz@sina.tums.ac.ir
Rasoulinejad
Mehrnaz
M
Maleki
Zohreh
Z
Yonesian
Masoud
M
Shirani
Afsaneh
A
Kourorian
Zahra
Z
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents