title: Predictors of tamoxifen discontinuation among older women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Five years of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy for estrogen receptor (ER) -positive breast cancer is more effective than 2 years of use. However, information on tamoxifen discontinuation is scanty. We sought to identify predictors of tamoxifen discontinuation among older women with breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Within six health care delivery systems, we identified women >or= 65 years old diagnosed with stage I to IIB ER-positive or indeterminant breast cancer between 1990 and 1994 who had filled a prescription for adjuvant tamoxifen. We observed them for 5 years after initial tamoxifen prescription. We used automated pharmacy records to validate tamoxifen prescription information abstracted from medical records. The primary end point was tamoxifen discontinuation, operationalized as ever discontinuing tamoxifen during 5 years of follow-up. We used Cox proportional hazards to identify predictors of tamoxifen discontinuation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 961 women who were prescribed tamoxifen, 49% discontinued tamoxifen before the completion of 5 years. Discontinuers were more likely to be aged 75 to less than 80 years (v < 70 years; hazard ratio [HR] = 1.41; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.87), be aged >or= 80 years (HR = 2.02; 95% CI, 1.53 to 2.66), have an increase in Charlson Comorbidity Index at 3 years from diagnosis (HR = 1.52; 95% CI, 1.18 to 1.95), have an increase in the number of cardiopulmonary comorbidities at 3 years (HR = 1.75; 95% CI, 1.34 to 2.28), have indeterminant ER status (v ER-positive status; HR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.85), and have received breast-conserving surgery (BCS) without radiotherapy (v mastectomy; HR = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.18 to 2.22).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Attention to nonadherence among older women at risk of discontinuation, particularly those receiving BCS without radiotherapy, might improve breast cancer outcomes for these women.
authors: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Health System Ireland Cancer Center-BHC 5055, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-5055, USA. cynthia.owusu@case.edu
authors: Cynthia
authors: C
authors: Owusu
authors: Diana S M
authors: DS
authors: Buist
authors: Terry S
authors: TS
authors: Field
authors: Timothy L
authors: TL
authors: Lash
authors: Soe Soe
authors: SS
authors: Thwin
authors: Ann M
authors: AM
authors: Geiger
authors: Virginia P
authors: VP
authors: Quinn
authors: Floyd
authors: F
authors: Frost
authors: Marianne
authors: M
authors: Prout
authors: Marianne Ulcickas
authors: MU
authors: Yood
authors: Feifei
authors: F
authors: Wei
authors: Rebecca A
authors: RA
authors: Silliman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015993:Life Tables; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008499:Medical Records / Q000592:standards; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D013629:Tamoxifen