title: Meta-analysis of health behavior change interventions in type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To meta-analyze research testing interventions to improve health behaviors including exercise among adults with type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multiple literature-searching strategies identified published and unpublished studies reporting glycated hemoglobin outcomes. Fixed- and random-effects meta-analyses included moderator effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data were synthesized across 1435 subjects. The overall effect size was 0.26. This translates into a reduction of 0.33 in mean HbA1c levels between treatment (8.47%) and control (8.80%) groups. Effect sizes were larger with more females, lower body mass index, higher baseline HbA1c, and interventions targeting multiple behaviors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Behavior change interventions improve metabolic control in type 1 diabetes.
authors: School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. conn@missouri.edu
authors: Vicki S
authors: VS
authors: Conn
authors: Adam R
authors: AR
authors: Hafdahl
authors: Joseph W
authors: JW
authors: Lemaster
authors: Todd M
authors: TM
authors: Ruppar
authors: Jane E
authors: JE
authors: Cochran
authors: Paul J
authors: PJ
authors: Nielsen
mesh_terms: D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000628:therapy; D015438:Health Behavior; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D014481:United States