title: Cdc48/p97 promotes reformation of the nucleus by extracting the kinase Aurora B from chromatin.
abstract: During division of metazoan cells, the nucleus disassembles to allow chromosome segregation, and then reforms in each daughter cell. Reformation of the nucleus involves chromatin decondensation and assembly of the double-membrane nuclear envelope around the chromatin; however, regulation of the process is still poorly understood. In vitro, nucleus formation requires p97 (ref. 3), a hexameric ATPase implicated in membrane fusion and ubiquitin-dependent processes. However, the role and relevance of p97 in nucleus formation have remained controversial. Here we show that p97 stimulates nucleus reformation by inactivating the chromatin-associated kinase Aurora B. During mitosis, Aurora B inhibits nucleus reformation by preventing chromosome decondensation and formation of the nuclear envelope membrane. During exit from mitosis, p97 binds to Aurora B after its ubiquitylation and extracts it from chromatin. This leads to inactivation of Aurora B on chromatin, thus allowing chromatin decondensation and nuclear envelope formation. These data reveal an essential pathway that regulates reformation of the nucleus after mitosis and defines ubiquitin-dependent protein extraction as a common mechanism of Cdc48/p97 activity also during nucleus formation.
authors: Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors: Kristijan
authors: K
authors: Ramadan
authors: Roland
authors: R
authors: Bruderer
authors: Fabio M
authors: FM
authors: Spiga
authors: Oliver
authors: O
authors: Popp
authors: Tina
authors: T
authors: Baur
authors: Monica
authors: M
authors: Gotta
authors: Hemmo H
authors: HH
authors: Meyer
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D064127:Aurora Kinases; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002843:Chromatin / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism; D054875:Ubiquitination; D000074405:Valosin Containing Protein; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002843:Chromatin; D025801:Ubiquitin; D064127:Aurora Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D000074405:Valosin Containing Protein