title: Range and severity of symptoms over time among older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Symptoms are a central component of health status; however, little is known about the full range and trajectory of symptoms experienced by persons with chronic diseases other than cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational cohort study with interviews performed at least every 4 months for up to 2 years among community-dwelling persons 60 years or older with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or heart failure (HF). Seven symptoms rated as absent, mild, moderate, or severe were assessed at each interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 79 participants with COPD, at least 50% reported shortness of breath, physical discomfort, fatigue, and problems with appetite and anxiety. Among the 59 participants with HF, at least 50% reported physical discomfort, fatigue, and problems with appetite at both their initial and final interviews. Both disease-specific and non-disease-specific symptoms increased in severity over time. The prevalence of individual symptoms did not differ according to whether the participants lived or died.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As a potentially modifiable contributor to poor health status, the high symptom burden among older persons with COPD and HF represents a large unmet need for improved symptom assessment and treatment. This need may not be met by current disease management guidelines, which focus on a small number of symptoms except for patients at the end of life.
authors: Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06504, USA. lisa.walke@yale.edu
authors: Lisa M
authors: LM
authors: Walke
authors: Amy L
authors: AL
authors: Byers
authors: Mary E
authors: ME
authors: Tinetti
authors: Joel A
authors: JA
authors: Dubin
authors: Ruth
authors: R
authors: McCorkle
authors: Terri R
authors: TR
authors: Fried
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D005221:Fatigue / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors