title: Effects of immunosuppressive treatment on microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 and cyclooxygenases expression in muscle tissue of patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of microsomal prostaglandin E (PGE) synthase 1 (mPGES-1) and cyclooxygenase (COX) in muscle biopsies from patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis before and after conventional immunosuppressive treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  mPGES-1 and COX expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in muscle tissue from healthy individuals and from patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis before and after conventional immunosuppressive treatment. The number of inflammatory cell infiltrates, T lymphocytes and macrophages was estimated before and after treatment. To localise the mPGES-1 expression double immunofluorescence was performed with antibodies against mPGES-1, CD3, CD68, CD163 and a fibroblast marker. A functional index was used to assess muscle function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with myositis, mPGES-1, COX-2 and COX-1 expression was significantly higher compared to healthy individuals and associated with inflammatory cells. Double immunofluorescence demonstrated a predominant expression of mPGES-1 in macrophages. Conventional immunosuppressive treatment resulted in improved but still lower muscle function than normal. A decreased number of CD68-positive macrophages and reduced COX-2 expression in muscle tissue was also seen. By contrast, following the same treatment no significant changes were observed in muscle tissue regarding number of infiltrates, T lymphocytes, CD163-positive macrophages or mPGES-1 protein levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased expression of mPGES-1, COX-1 and COX-2 at protein level was observed in muscle tissue from patients with myositis compared to healthy individuals. Conventional immunosuppressive treatment led to a significant downregulation of COX-2 in myositis muscle tissue. However, the expression of mPGES-1 and COX-1 remained unchanged indicating a role of these enzymes in the chronicity of these diseases.
authors: Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet/Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Korotkova
authors: S Barbasso
authors: SB
authors: Helmers
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Loell
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Alexanderson
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Grundtman
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Dorph
authors: I E
authors: IE
authors: Lundberg
authors: P-J
authors: PJ
authors: Jakobsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003882:Dermatomyositis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008861:Microsomes / Q000201:enzymology; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017285:Polymyositis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000071876:Prostaglandin-E Synthases; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011239:Prednisolone; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C000605862:PTGES protein, human; D000071876:Prostaglandin-E Synthases