title: Metabolic response to an acute jump in cardiac workload: effects on malonyl-CoA, mechanical efficiency, and fatty acid oxidation.
abstract: Inhibition of myocardial fatty acid oxidation can improve left ventricular (LV) mechanical efficiency by increasing LV power for a given rate of myocardial energy expenditure. This phenomenon has not been assessed at high workloads in nonischemic myocardium; therefore, we subjected in vivo pig hearts to a high workload for 5 min and assessed whether blocking mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation with the carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I inhibitor oxfenicine would improve LV mechanical efficiency. In addition, the cardiac content of malonyl-CoA (an endogenous inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I) and activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (which synthesizes malonyl-CoA) were assessed. Increased workload was induced by aortic constriction and dobutamine infusion, and LV efficiency was calculated from the LV pressure-volume loop and LV energy expenditure. In untreated pigs, the increase in LV power resulted in a 2.5-fold increase in fatty acid oxidation and cardiac malonyl-CoA content but did not affect the activation state of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. The activation state of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitory kinase AMP-activated protein kinase decreased by 40% with increased cardiac workload. Pretreatment with oxfenicine inhibited fatty acid oxidation by 75% and had no effect on cardiac energy expenditure but significantly increased LV power and LV efficiency (37 +/- 5% vs. 26 +/- 5%, P < 0.05) at high workload. In conclusion, 1) myocardial fatty acid oxidation increases with a short-term increase in cardiac workload, despite an increase in malonyl-CoA concentration, and 2) inhibition of fatty acid oxidation improves LV mechanical efficiency by increasing LV power without affecting cardiac energy expenditure.
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors: Lufang
authors: L
authors: Zhou
authors: Hazel
authors: H
authors: Huang
authors: Celvie L
authors: CL
authors: Yuan
authors: Wendy
authors: W
authors: Keung
authors: Gary D
authors: GD
authors: Lopaschuk
authors: William C
authors: WC
authors: Stanley
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008316:Malonyl Coenzyme A / Q000378:metabolism*; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005227:Fatty Acids; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008316:Malonyl Coenzyme A; C023010:4-hydroxyphenylglycine; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase; D005947:Glucose; D005998:Glycine