Downregulation of peritoneal macrophage activity in mice exposed to bisphenol A during pregnancy and lactation.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental endocrine disrupter that is known to be transferred to the fetus via the placenta and to the neonate via milk. In this study, we investigated BPA-induced alterations of the activities of murine peritoneal macrophages in dams and 7 week old offspring of dams exposed to BPA from gestational day 7 until lactation on day 21 after delivery, i.e. 34-36 days. BPA was administered in drinking water at three doses, 15, 75, and 300 mg/L. Dams were sacrificed 21 days after delivery and offspring at the age of 7 weeks. Peritoneal macrophages were cultured in the presence of LPS or LPS plus IFN-gamma for 2 or 4 days. We found that nitric oxide (NO) production by maternal macrophages was significantly decreased in a BPA-dose dependent manner. However, while a significant reduction of NO production by macrophages in the offspring was observed at BPA concentrations of 75 mg/L and 300 mg/L in drinking water, this effect was not seen at the lowest concentration of 15 mg/L. Similar inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production was observed with macrophages from both BPA-exposed dams and offspring. Thus, our results suggest that exposure to BPA during gestation and lactation induces downregulation of the activities of macrophages in both dams and offspring.
Pyo
Myoung Yun
MY
College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742 Seoul, Korea. mypyo@sm.ac.kr
Kim
Hae Ju
HJ
Back
Seung Kyung
SK
Yang
Mihi
M
D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects*; D007774:Lactation / Q000276:immunology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D010636:Phenols; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds