title: Sequences variations in 5'-flanking region of ABO gene and correlation with ABO alleles in the indigenous Chinese.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  5'-flanking sequences of the ABO gene play important role in the regulation of gene expression, but polymorphism of 5'-flanking sequence of ABO gene is rarely known. Here, we further characterize the molecular genetic basis and ABO allele-related polymorphism of the 5'-untranslated regions (5'-UTR) of the human ABO gene.
  
  
  METHODS
  Collecting blood samples from 72 blood donors in Hangzhou, China, we analysed sequences of exons 6 and 7 of ABO gene and amplified an enhanced segment of 43 bp repeats in the 5'-UTR. Subsequently, we selected 25 homozygotes [of genotypes A101/A101 (two), A102/A102 (seven), B101/B101 (seven) and O01/O01 (nine)] and five heterozygotes [A102/O01 (two), B101/O01 (two) and O01/O105 (one)] for sequencing 5 -kb amplicons spanning the 5'-UTR and partial exon 1 of the ABO gene. We sequenced the amplicons bidirectionally and, when pertinent, analysed selected haplotypes by cloning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As a result, we identified 11 new polymorphic sites (10 point mutations, one 8-bp deletion) in the 5'-UTR of the A102, B101 and O01 alleles of common ABO phenotypes. Five A102 alleles carry four tandem repeats of a 43-bp minisatellite unit that deviated from previous reports.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results revealed the DNA polymorphisms in the 5'-UTRs correlated with the common ABO alleles. Elucidation of the diversity of the 5'-UTRs is an important supplement to existing methods for increasing our understanding of the molecular basis of the ABO blood group system.
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.|Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Yan
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.|Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Zhu
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.|Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.|Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Xu
authors: Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.|Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Hong
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000017:ABO Blood-Group System / Q000235:genetics*; D000483:Alleles; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D002681:China; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005091:Exons; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D017931:DNA Primers