title: Screening for free radical scavenging and cell aggregation inhibitory activities by secondary metabolites from Turkish Verbascum species.
abstract: Free radical scavenging and cell aggregation inhibitory activities of 36 secondary metabolites isolated from the methanolic extracts of Verbascum cilicicum Boiss., V. lasianthum Boiss. ex Bentham, V pterocalycinum var. mutense Hub.-Mor., and V. salviifolium Boiss. (Scrophulariaceae) were investigated. The isolated compounds, 6-O-vaniloyl ajugol (1), ilwensisaponin A (2), ilwensisaponin C (3), verbascoside (4), beta-hydroxyacteoside (5), martynoside (6), poliumoside (7), forsythoside B (8), angoroside A (9), dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-9-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10), dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-9'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (11), apigenin 7-O-beta-glucopyranoside (12), luteolin 7-O-beta-glucopyranoside (13), luteolin 3'-O-beta-glucopyranoside (14) and chrysoeriol 7-O-beta-glucopyranoside (15), exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of bioautographic and spectrophotometric DPPH activities. Verbascoside (4) was the most active (IC50 4.0 microg/ml) comparing it to vitamin C (IC50 4.4 microg/ml) to inhibit phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced peroxide-catalyzed oxidation of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) by reactive oxygen species (ROS) within human promyelocytic HL-60 cells. Ilwensisaponin A (2) (MIC 6.9 microg/ml) showed moderate in vitro activity on lymphocyte-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1)/intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)-mediated aggregation using the HL-60 cell line [positive control was cytochalasin B (MIC 2.3 microg/ml)]. None of the other compounds showed free radical scavenging and cell aggregation inhibitory activities.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. itatli@hacettepe.edu.tr
authors: I Irem
authors: II
authors: Tatli
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Takamatsu
authors: Ikhlas
authors: I
authors: Khan
authors: Zeliha S
authors: ZS
authors: Akdemir
mesh_terms: D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002449:Cell Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D000431:Ethanol; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D006834:Hydrazines; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012996:Solutions; D014421:Turkey; D032265:Verbascum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification
chemical_list: D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D006834:Hydrazines; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012996:Solutions; D000431:Ethanol; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl