title: A grounded theory of young tennis players use of music to manipulate emotional state.
abstract: The main objectives of this study were (a) to elucidate young tennis players' use of music to manipulate emotional states, and (b) to present a model grounded in present data to illustrate this phenomenon and to stimulate further research. Anecdotal evidence suggests that music listening is used regularly by elite athletes as a preperformance strategy, but only limited empirical evidence corroborates such use. Young tennis players (N = 14) were selected purposively for interview and diary data collection. Results indicated that participants consciously selected music to elicit various emotional states; frequently reported consequences of music listening included improved mood, increased arousal, and visual and auditory imagery. The choice of music tracks and the impact of music listening were mediated by a number of factors, including extramusical associations, inspirational lyrics, music properties, and desired emotional state. Implications for the future investigation of preperformance music are discussed.
authors: School of Sport and Education, Brunel University, Uxbridge, England, UK.
authors: Daniel T
authors: DT
authors: Bishop
authors: Costas I
authors: CI
authors: Karageorghis
authors: Georgios
authors: G
authors: Loizou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004644:Emotions; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009147:Music Therapy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013715:Tennis / Q000523:psychology*