Antimicrobial activity of Mahonia aquifolium and two of its alkaloids against oral bacteria.
Extracts or alkaloids isolated from Mahonia aquifolium exhibit antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. In this study the bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal activities of a M. aquifolium extract and two of its major alkaloids, berberine chloride and oxyacanthine sulphate, were tested in vitro against nine different oral bacteria. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were in the range from < or = 0.0031% to 0.1993% for the M. aquifolium extract, from 0.002% to > 0.125% for berberine chloride, and from 0.0156% to > 0.0625% for oxyacanthine sulphate. The values for the minimum bactericidal concentrations were in the same range, indicating that the test substances most probably acted in a bactericidal manner. The most susceptible bacterium against all three test substances was Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Rohrer
Ursula
U
Institute of Preventive Dentistry and Oral Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Switzerland.
Kunz
Eva M Kulik
EM
Lenkeit
Krystyna
K
Schaffner
Willi
W
Meyer
Jürg
J
D000190:Actinomyces / Q000187:drug effects; D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000187:drug effects; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D001599:Berberine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000187:drug effects; D028143:Mahonia; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis; D018713:Prevotella intermedia / Q000187:drug effects; D034366:Streptococcus anginosus / Q000187:drug effects; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects; D013298:Streptococcus sanguis / Q000187:drug effects
D000470:Alkaloids; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007546:Isoquinolines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D001599:Berberine; C092646:oxyacanthine