Traditional smallpox vaccination with reduced risk of inadvertent contact spread by administration of povidone iodine ointment.
One concern with traditional smallpox vaccination is inadvertent spread of virus to atopic or immunocompromised contacts. To reduce this risk, we tested the ability of povidone iodine to inactivate infectious virus at the vaccination site beginning at 7 days after transcutaneous smallpox vaccination. This ointment rapidly inactivated virus on the skin without reducing neutralizing antibody titers or antiviral T cell responses. Moreover, there was no delay in healing/eschar separation following povidone iodine application. Together, this indicates that administration of an antiviral/antimicrobial cream can effectively block virus shedding after traditional smallpox vaccination and reduce the risks of autoinoculation or contact spread.
Hammarlund
Erika
E
Oregon Health & Science University, Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
Lewis
Matthew W
MW
Hanifin
Jon M
JM
Simpson
Eric L
EL
Carlson
Nichole E
NE
Slifka
Mark K
MK
D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009824:Ointments / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011206:Povidone-Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012867:Skin / Q000821:virology; D012899:Smallpox / Q000517:prevention & control; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014611:Vaccination; D014615:Vaccinia / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D017201:Virus Shedding / Q000187:drug effects
D009824:Ointments; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine; D011206:Povidone-Iodine