title: Activation of the prefrontal cortex during the Trail-Making Test detected with multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy.
abstract: The Trail-Making Test (TMT) is a neuropsychological test for evaluating executive function, and the TMT Part B reflects more complex cognitive processes including cognitive set shifting. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is thought to be involved in these cognitive processes. The purpose of the present paper was to investigate PFC activation during performance of the TMT Part A and Part B using multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Subjects were 41 healthy right-handed volunteers. The hemodynamic changes in the PFC during the TMT were measured on a 22-channel NIRS machine. The subjects had a greater increase of oxygenated hemoglobin ([oxyHb]) during the TMT Part B than during Part A in the PFC. Twenty-seven out of the 41 subjects had a bilateral increase of [oxyHb] in the PFC during Part B according to laterality index. NIRS detected activation in the PFC during the performance of the TMT Part B and this PFC activation may reflect executive functions including cognitive set shifting involved in the TMT Part B.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Course of Integrated Brain Sciences, Institute of Health Bioscience, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan. vez04561@nifty.ne.jp
authors: Sumiko
authors: S
authors: Shibuya-Tayoshi
authors: Satsuki
authors: S
authors: Sumitani
authors: Kumiko
authors: K
authors: Kikuchi
authors: Tsunehiko
authors: T
authors: Tanaka
authors: Shin'ya
authors: S
authors: Tayoshi
authors: Shu-Ichi
authors: S
authors: Ueno
authors: Tetsuro
authors: T
authors: Ohmori
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
chemical_list: D010108:Oxyhemoglobins