title: A 2-year follow-up study of anxiety and depression in women referred for colposcopy after an abnormal cervical smear.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine if there were any long-lasting elevated anxiety levels in women attending colposcopy after an abnormal cervical smear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred consecutive women were invited to participate when referred for colposcopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women in the study group completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale-self-rate (MADRS-S) and had a psychosocial interview prior to colposcopy at their two follow-up visits.
  
  
  METHODS
  State anxiety levels and depression scores at first visit, 6 months and 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At follow up, levels of state anxiety and the depression scores of the women studied had decreased and were comparable to those of Swedish normative data. Two variables from the MADRS-S, 'ability to focus on different activities' and 'emotional involvement with others and in activities' were the most prominent for women with moderate to severe depression. At the 2-year visit, 30% of the women still had a fear of cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Referral for colposcopy after an abnormal cervical smear does not seem to result in long-lasting anxiety and depression. However, a subgroup of women, with the initially highest depression scores, still had at 2-year state anxiety levels and depression scores significantly higher than normal. Almost one-third of the women still had a fear of cancer in spite of lower 2-year state anxiety levels.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden. charlotte.hellsten@med.lu.se
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Hellsten
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Sjöström
authors: P G
authors: PG
authors: Lindqvist
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D003127:Colposcopy / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000523:psychology