title: TRAIL-induced survival and proliferation of SCLC cells is mediated by ERK and dependent on TRAIL-R2/DR5 expression in the absence of caspase-8.
abstract: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by an aggressive phenotype and acquired resistance to a broad spectrum of anticancer agents. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been considered as a promising candidate for safe and selective induction of tumor cell apoptosis without toxicity to normal tissues. Here we report that TRAIL failed to induce apoptosis in SCLC cells and instead resulted in an up to 40% increase in proliferation. TRAIL-induced SCLC cell proliferation was mediated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2, and dependent on the expression of surface TRAIL-receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2) and lack of caspase-8, which is frequent in SCLC. Treatment of SCLC cells with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) restored caspase-8 expression and facilitated TRAIL-induced apoptosis. The overall loss of cell proliferation/viability upon treatment with the IFN-gamma-TRAIL combination was 70% compared to TRAIL-only treated cells and more than 30% compared to untreated cells. Similar results were obtained by transfection of cells with a caspase-8 gene construct. Altogether, our data suggest that TRAIL-R2 expression in the absence of caspase-8 is a negative determinant for the outcome of TRAIL-based cancer therapy, and provides the rationale for using IFN-gamma or other strategies able to restore caspase-8 expression to convert TRAIL from a pro-survival into a death ligand.
authors: Laboratory for Material - Biology Interaction, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (EMPA), St. Gallen, Switzerland.
authors: Larisa L
authors: LL
authors: Belyanskaya
authors: Algirdas
authors: A
authors: Ziogas
authors: Sally
authors: S
authors: Hopkins-Donaldson
authors: Stefanie
authors: S
authors: Kurtz
authors: Hans-Uwe
authors: HU
authors: Simon
authors: Rolf
authors: R
authors: Stahel
authors: Uwe
authors: U
authors: Zangemeister-Wittke
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D053181:Caspase 8