Dietary patterns and surgically treated benign prostatic hyperplasia: a case control study in Western Australia.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate dietary patterns and food intake as risk factors for surgically treated benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), as few risk factors have been established for BPH and recently there has been some interest in a role for diet in the development of BPH.


METHODS
A case-control study was conducted in Western Australia (WA) during 2001 and 2002. BPH cases were men with a diagnosis of BPH hospitalized for their first prostatectomy. Controls were frequency matched for age and sex from the WA electoral roll. A previously evaluated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) collected information on usual dietary intake 10 years earlier. Factor analysis identified dietary patterns in the FFQ data. Effects of dietary patterns and food intakes on the risk of BPH were examined using unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for various confounders.


RESULTS
In all, 406 cases and 462 controls (aged 40-75 years) provided data. Three dietary patterns were identified, i.e. 'Vegetable', 'Western' and 'Health Conscious'. BPH risk was not associated with the 'Health Conscious' or 'Western' patterns, but there was a lower risk with an increasing score for the 'Vegetable' pattern (odds ratio 0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.63-0.98). BPH risk was significantly and inversely related to the intake of total vegetables, dark yellow vegetables, other vegetables, tofu and red meat. There was a higher risk of BPH with increasing intake of high-fat dairy products.


CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate that vegetables, soy products, red meat and high-fat dairy foods might be important in the development of BPH.
Ambrosini
Gina L
GL
School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Australia. gina.ambrosini@uwa.edu.au
de Klerk
Nicholas H
NH
Mackerras
Dorothy
D
Leavy
Justine
J
Fritschi
Lin
L
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008461:Meat Products / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D012307:Risk Factors; D045730:Soy Foods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014675:Vegetables; D014904:Western Australia / Q000453:epidemiology
D004041:Dietary Fats