title: Evaluation of the neuroprotective effect of ketoprofen on rats submitted to permanent focal brain ischemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the neurobehavioral, biochemical and histopathological consequences of permanent focal brain ischemia, and the putative neuroprotective action of ketoprofen.
  
  
  METHODS
  One-hundred-and-three Wistar rats divided into groups A and B were respectively submitted to 48 hours and 15 days of ischemia. Each group was divided into 4 subgroups: ischemic not treated, ischemic treated, sham not treated, and sham treated. Ischemic animals had the left middle cerebral artery coagulated. Ketoprofen was administered to treated subgroups 15 minutes before arterial coagulation (manipulation in the sham group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exploratory activity and defecation were reduced in all ischemic animals in the first postoperative days and constant histopathological changes were observed in each group. The total brain glutamate levels were higher in treated animals 48 hours after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No clear parallelism among behavioral, biochemical and histopathological findings was observed. Ketoprofen demonstrated no neuroprotective effect on the behavioral or histopathological aspects of focal permanent brain ischemia.
authors: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors: Manoel Nunes da
authors: MN
authors: Silva
authors: Benedicto Oscar
authors: BO
authors: Colli
authors: Norberto Cysne
authors: NC
authors: Coimbra
authors: Joaquim
authors: J
authors: Coutinho Netto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D007660:Ketoprofen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D007660:Ketoprofen