Building up the inactive X chromosome.
The compensation of the different level of transcripts of X-linked genes in male and female mammals is achieved through X chromosome inactivation, a complex process that differentially regulates the sex chromosomes of female cells. This mechanism has been dissected at evolutionary, genetic and molecular levels: here, we discuss some of the latest examples that illustrate better these intricate connections, focusing particularly on the emerging role of spatial and three-dimensional chromatin arrangements in the building of this special chromosome, the inactive X chromosome.
Matarazzo
Maria R
MR
Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati Traverso, National Research Council (CNR), via Castellino 111, Naples, Italy.
Cerase
Andrea
A
D'Esposito
Maurizio
M
D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004303:Dosage Compensation, Genetic; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005260:Female; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049951:X Chromosome Inactivation
D002843:Chromatin; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; C077885:XIST non-coding RNA