Stress-induced peroxiredoxins.
Some members of the Prx family are up-regulated in cells under stress conditions. Prx I is the major cytoplasmic Prx and is known as a stress-inducible antioxidant enzyme. Various stress agents or conditions activate Prx I gene expression in vitro and in vivo. The transcription factor Nrf2 and its inhibitor Keap1 play an essential role in the regulation of the stress-induced Prx I gene activation through the ARE/EpRE (antioxidant/electrophile response element). The expression levels of Prx II and III are also up-regulated under stress conditions, although the molecular mechanisms of their up-regulation have not yet been thoroughly studied. Gene expression of both Prx I and II is activated by X-ray irradiation of the testis. Mitochondrial Prx III is up-regulated by stress agents in both cultured cells and experimental animals. The up-regulation of the Prxs in cells and tissues under oxidative stress conditions is one of the cellular recovery responses after oxidative damage.
Ishii
Tetsuro
T
Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575 Japan.
Yanagawa
Toru
T
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D054464:Peroxiredoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020218:Response Elements; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014965:X-Rays
D000975:Antioxidants; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D054464:Peroxiredoxins