title: Downregulation of peritoneal macrophage activity in mice exposed to bisphenol A during pregnancy and lactation.
abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental endocrine disrupter that is known to be transferred to the fetus via the placenta and to the neonate via milk. In this study, we investigated BPA-induced alterations of the activities of murine peritoneal macrophages in dams and 7 week old offspring of dams exposed to BPA from gestational day 7 until lactation on day 21 after delivery, i.e. 34-36 days. BPA was administered in drinking water at three doses, 15, 75, and 300 mg/L. Dams were sacrificed 21 days after delivery and offspring at the age of 7 weeks. Peritoneal macrophages were cultured in the presence of LPS or LPS plus IFN-gamma for 2 or 4 days. We found that nitric oxide (NO) production by maternal macrophages was significantly decreased in a BPA-dose dependent manner. However, while a significant reduction of NO production by macrophages in the offspring was observed at BPA concentrations of 75 mg/L and 300 mg/L in drinking water, this effect was not seen at the lowest concentration of 15 mg/L. Similar inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production was observed with macrophages from both BPA-exposed dams and offspring. Thus, our results suggest that exposure to BPA during gestation and lactation induces downregulation of the activities of macrophages in both dams and offspring.
authors: College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742 Seoul, Korea. mypyo@sm.ac.kr
authors: Myoung Yun
authors: MY
authors: Pyo
authors: Hae Ju
authors: HJ
authors: Kim
authors: Seung Kyung
authors: SK
authors: Back
authors: Mihi
authors: M
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects*; D007774:Lactation / Q000276:immunology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D010636:Phenols; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds