title: Diabetes abolishes sildenafil-induced cGMP-dependent protein kinase-I expression and cardioprotection.
abstract: The selective phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor sildenafil has been demonstrated to produce cardioprotection; however, diabetes is known to abolish cardioprotective signaling. We tested the hypothesis that sildenafil-induced cGMP-dependent protein kinase-I (PKG-I) expression and cardioprotection are attenuated by diabetes. Barbiturate-anesthetized dogs (n = 38) were instrumented for measurement of hemodynamics and subjected to 60-minute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery and 3-hour reperfusion. Dogs were randomly assigned to receive 0.9% saline (control) or intravenous sildenafil (0.7 or 1.4 mg/kg) in the absence or presence of diabetes (3 weeks after administration of alloxan and streptozotocin). No differences in hemodynamics or coronary collateral blood flow (radioactive microspheres) were observed between groups before and during ischemia and reperfusion, except that infusion of sildenafil produced transient decreases in left ventricle systolic pressure. Sildenafil significantly (P < 0.05) reduced infarct size (16 +/- 2% of the left ventricular area at risk; triphenyltetrazolium staining) as compared to control (31 +/- 39%). Diabetes alone did not alter infarct size (31 +/- 2%) but abolished the protective effect of sildenafil (0.7 mg/kg: 26 +/- 3%; 1.4 mg/kg: 26 +/- 3%). Sildenafil increased PKG-I expression (immunohistochemistry and Western blotting) in the absence but not the presence of diabetes. The results indicate that diabetes abolishes cardioprotection by sildenafil and implicates PKG-I in the signal transduction pathway activated by this drug.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA.
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Jamnicki-Abegg
authors: Dorothee
authors: D
authors: Weihrauch
authors: Pascal C
authors: PC
authors: Chiari
authors: John G
authors: JG
authors: Krolikowski
authors: Paul S
authors: PS
authors: Pagel
authors: David C
authors: DC
authors: Warltier
authors: Judy R
authors: JR
authors: Kersten
mesh_terms: D000496:Alloxan / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003097:Collateral Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007120:Immunochemistry; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008863:Microspheres; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011687:Purines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D011868:Radioisotopes; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000633:toxicity; D013450:Sulfones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D011868:Radioisotopes; D013450:Sulfones; D013311:Streptozocin; D000496:Alloxan; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases