Characterization of focal right atrial appendage tachycardia.
OBJECTIVE
Though right atrial appendage tachycardia (RAAT) has been described, no studies to date have focused on its clinical characterization. The aim of the present study was to analyze its clinical, electrocardiographic (ECG), and electrophysiologic (EP) characteristics and the results of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in RAAT.


RESULTS
Out of 186 consecutive patients undergoing RFA for AT, 15 (8%) had focal RAAT. Mapping was performed using conventional catheters or a 3D electroanatomic mapping system. Patients with RAAT were more likely to be male (66 vs. 38%; P= 0.013) and younger (32 +/- 12.6 vs. 55 +/- 13.2 years; P < 0.001) than patients with AT originating elsewhere. They were also more likely to have dyspnea (27 vs. 7.6%; P = 0.03), incessant tachycardia (53 vs. 16%; P < 0.001), and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (27 vs. 5%; P = 0.018). RFA was effective in all patients (100 vs. 75%; P = 0.022) and no recurrences (0 vs. 8%; P = 0.31) were observed during a mean follow-up of 37 +/- 36 months. A specific ECG pattern was identified, consisting of negative P-waves in leads V1-V2 and a transition to positivity in the rest of the precordial leads. This ECG pattern correctly identified RAAT with a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 98%, a positive predictive value of 88%, and a negative predictive value of 100%.


CONCLUSIONS
Right atrial appendage tachycardia is more prevalent in young male patients and is commonly associated with tachycardiomyopathy. RFA is effective over long-term follow-up. A characteristic ECG pattern identifies RAAT with a very high sensitivity and specificity.
Freixa
Xavier
X
Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, Barcelona 08036, Catalonia, Spain.
Berruezo
Antonio
A
Mont
Lluís
L
Magnani
Santiago
S
Benito
Begoña
B
Tolosana
Jose María
JM
Perafan
Pablo
P
Tamborero
David
D
Brugada
Josep
J
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020517:Atrial Appendage / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004562:Electrocardiography; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013612:Tachycardia, Ectopic Atrial / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology