title: Sex, but not maternal protein or folic acid intake, determines the fatty acid composition of hepatic phospholipids, but not of triacylglycerol, in adult rats.
abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate whether the protein and folic acid content of the maternal diet and the sex of the offspring alter the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of hepatic phospholipids and triacylglycerol (TAG). Pregnant rats were fed diets containing 18% or 9% protein with either 1 or 5mg/kg folic acid. Maternal diet did not alter hepatic lipid composition in the adult offspring. Data from each maternal dietary group were combined and reanalysed. The proportion of 18:0, 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3 in liver phospholipids was higher in females than in males, while hepatic TAG composition did not differ between sexes. Delta5 Desaturase expression was higher in females than in males. Neither Delta5 nor Delta6 desaturase expression was related to polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations. These results suggest that sex differences in liver phospholipid fatty acid composition may reflect primary differences in the specificity of phospholipid biosynthesis.
authors: Institute of Human Nutrition, Institute of Developmental Sciences Building, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK. g.c.burdge@soton.ac.uk
authors: G C
authors: GC
authors: Burdge
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Slater-Jefferies
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Grant
authors: W-S
authors: WS
authors: Chung
authors: A L
authors: AL
authors: West
authors: K A
authors: KA
authors: Lillycrop
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Hanson
authors: P C
authors: PC
authors: Calder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000378:metabolism; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D010743:Phospholipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D005492:Folic Acid; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase