Antibodies induced by liposomal protein exhibit dual binding to protein and lipid epitopes.
Natural polyreactive antibodies can accommodate chemically unrelated epitopes, such as lipids and proteins, in a single antigen binding site. Because liposomes containing lipid A as an adjuvant can induce antibodies directed against specific lipids, we immunized mice with liposomes containing lipid A together with a protein or peptide antigen to determine whether monoclonal antibodies generated after immunization would be specifically directed both to the liposomal lipid (either cholesterol or galactosylceramide) and also to the accompanying liposomal protein or peptide. Monoclonal antibodies were obtained that bound, by ELISA, to cholesterol and to recombinant gp140 envelope protein from HIV-1, or to galactosylceramide and to an HIV-1 envelope peptide. Surface plasmon resonance studies with the former antibody showed that the liposomal cholesterol and liposomal gp140 each contributed to the overall binding energy of the antibody to liposomes containing cholesterol and protein.
Karasavvas
Nicos
N
Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, US Military HIV Research Program, Department of Vaccine Production and Delivery, 1600 East Gude Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
Beck
Zoltan
Z
Tong
James
J
Matyas
Gary R
GR
Rao
Mangala
M
McCutchan
Francine E
FE
Michael
Nelson L
NL
Alving
Carl R
CR
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008050:Lipid A / Q000378:metabolism*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000378:metabolism
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000939:Epitopes; D008050:Lipid A; D008081:Liposomes; D010455:Peptides; D011506:Proteins; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; C097729:gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D002784:Cholesterol