title: Cytotoxicity of fig fruit latex against human cancer cells.
abstract: Fig fruit latex (FFL) contains significant amounts of polyphenolic compounds and can serve as a source of antioxidants after human consumption. The purpose of this study is to confirm anticancer activity of FFL against human cancer cells and to further elucidate its mechanism of activity. Human glioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and normal liver cells were used for in vitro tests of FFL effects. Those tests included cytotoxicity, colony formation inhibition, Brdu incorporation, acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining for apoptotic cells, cell cycle distribution through flow cytometry (FCM), and ADP-ribosyltransferase (NAD+; poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase)-like 1 (ADPERL1) mRNA expression through RT-PCR in response to FFL treatment. After FFL treatment, the proliferation, colony formation, and Brdu labeling indices of cancer cells decreased (P<0.05), while the AO/EB stained apoptotic cells increased (P<0.05). By FCM analysis, an increase of G(0)/G(1) phase cell population and decrease of S and G(2)/M phase cells were observed (P<0.01), while both ADPRTL1 mRNA expression and apoptotic indices increased (P<0.01). The findings in these studies suggested that FFL exhibited potent cytotoxicity in some human cancer cells with little effect in normal cells at certain concentration. The mechanism for such effects might be associated with the inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest of cancer cells.
authors: Division of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Xiujie
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Shu
authors: S
authors: Jiang
authors: Ping
authors: P
authors: Lin
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Yanrong
authors: Y
authors: Lu
authors: Qi
authors: Q
authors: Wang
authors: Zhujuan
authors: Z
authors: Xiong
authors: Yaying
authors: Y
authors: Wu
authors: Jingjing
authors: J
authors: Ren
authors: Hongliang
authors: H
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D030681:Ficus / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007840:Latex / Q000633:toxicity*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D007840:Latex