title: A coherent nonlinear optical signal induced by electron correlations.
abstract: The correlated behavior of electrons determines the structure and optical properties of molecules, semiconductors, and other systems. Valuable information on these correlations is provided by measuring the response to femtosecond laser pulses, which probe the very short time period during which the excited particles remain correlated. The interpretation of four-wave-mixing techniques, commonly used to study the energy levels and dynamics of many-electron systems, is complicated by many competing effects and overlapping resonances. Here we propose a coherent optical technique, specifically designed to provide a background-free probe for electronic correlations in many-electron systems. The proposed signal pulse is generated only when the electrons are correlated, which gives rise to an extraordinary sensitivity. The peak pattern in two-dimensional plots, obtained by displaying the signal versus two frequencies conjugated to two pulse delays, provides a direct visualization and specific signatures of the many-electron wave functions.
authors: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA. smukamel@uci.edu
authors: Shaul
authors: S
authors: Mukamel
authors: Rafał
authors: R
authors: Oszwałdowski
authors: Lijun
authors: L
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D004583:Electrons; D008956:Models, Chemical; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*