title: Influence of different implantation techniques on long-term survival after orthotopic heart transplantation: an echocardiographic study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) was initially done by the biatrial technique, although the bicaval technique has recently become more popular. The aim of this study was to compare OHT outcomes when using the bicaval technique vs the biatrial technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 615 patients were transplanted at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation from January 1993 and October 2003 (biatrial technique: n = 293; bicaval technique: n = 322). The average follow-up period was 4.2 +/- 2.9 years (range 1 to 11 years). Patients who were supported with a left ventricular assist device (prior to transplant) and who could not be weaned off respiratory support were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients in both groups were similar with regard to pre-operative characteristics. The peri-operative mortality showed no statistical significant differences between the two groups. The left atrium was significantly more enlarged in the biatrial group. The bicaval group showed a significantly reduced incidence of tricuspid regurgitation. Survival at 10-year follow-up was 87.3% in the bicaval group and 79.9% in the biatrial group (p < 0.05). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) and moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation were significant risk factors for death in both groups. The bicaval technique showed a significantly better mortality outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that the bicaval technique for OHT offers a better outcome than the biatrial technique. The significant reduction of left atrial size and atrioventricular valve regurgitation in the bicaval group may have a major impact on the long-term preservation of cardiac function and survival.
authors: Department of Cardiology, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Norcross, GA 30308, USA. jingpingsun6@yahoo.com
authors: Jing Ping
authors: JP
authors: Sun
authors: Jianli
authors: J
authors: Niu
authors: Michael K
authors: MK
authors: Banbury
authors: Lingmei
authors: L
authors: Zhou
authors: David O
authors: DO
authors: Taylor
authors: Randall C
authors: RC
authors: Starling
authors: Mario J
authors: MJ
authors: Garcia
authors: William J
authors: WJ
authors: Stewart
authors: James D
authors: JD
authors: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000379:methods* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014262:Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging