Surgeons' knowledge of quality indicators for gastric cancer surgery.
BACKGROUND
Gastric cancer survival in the West is inferior to that achieved in Asian centers. While differences in tumor biology may play a role, poor quality surgery likely contributes to understaging. We hypothesize that the majority of surgeons performing gastric cancer surgery in North America are unaware of the recommended standards.


METHODS
Using the Ontario College of Physicians and Surgeons registry, surgeons who potentially included gastric cancer surgery in their scope of practice were identified. A questionnaire was mailed to 559; of those, 206 surgeons reported managing gastric cancer. Results were evaluated by chi(2) and logistic regression; P < 0.05 was considered significant.


RESULTS
Eighty-six percent of respondents were male and 53% practiced in an urban nonacademic setting. Forty percent reported operating on two to five cases of gastric cancer per year, and 42% on fewer than two cases per year. One-third of surgeons identified 4 cm or less to be the desired gross proximal margin. Half used frozen section to evaluate margin status. Twenty percent of surgeons were unsure of the number of lymph nodes (LN) needed to accurately stage gastric cancer, and the median number reported by the remainder was 10 (range, 0-30). Only 16 of 206 identified both a proximal margin of 5 cm or less and 15 or more LN as desired targets. Those performing more than five gastric resections per year were more likely to report a D2 resection (P = 0.008).


CONCLUSIONS
The majority of surgeons operating on gastric cancer in Ontario did not identify recommended quality indicators of gastric cancer surgery. A continuing medical education program should be designed to address this knowledge gap to improve the quality of surgery and patient outcomes.
Helyer
Lucy K
LK
Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada.
O'Brien
Catherine
C
Coburn
Natalie G
NG
Swallow
Carol J
CJ
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000592:standards*; D013502:General Surgery / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000592:standards; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000592:standards; D009864:Ontario; D010166:Palliative Care; D010820:Physicians / Q000592:standards*; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires