title: Characterization of mtDNA haplogroups in 14 Mexican indigenous populations.
abstract: In this descriptive study we investigated the genetic structure of 513 Mexican indigenous subjects grouped in 14 populations (Mixteca-Alta, Mixteca-Baja, Otomi, Purépecha, Tzeltal, Tarahumara, Huichol, Nahua-Atocpan, Nahua-Xochimilco, Nahua-Zitlala, Nahua-Chilacachapa, Nahua-Ixhuatlancillo, Nahua-Necoxtla, and Nahua-Coyolillo) based on mtDNA haplogroups. These communities are geographically and culturally isolated; parents and grandparents were born in the community. Our data show that 98.6% of the mtDNA was distributed in haplogroups A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, and D2. Haplotype X6 was present in the Tarahumara (1/53) and Huichol (3/15), and haplotype L was present in the Nahua-Coyolillo (3/38). The first two principal components accounted for 95.9% of the total variation in the sample. The mtDNA haplogroup frequencies in the Purépecha and Zitlala were intermediate to cluster 1 (Otomi, Nahua-Ixhuatlancillo, Nahua-Xochimilco, Mixteca-Baja, and Tzeltal) and cluster 2 (Nahua-Necoxtla, Nahua-Atocpan, and Nahua-Chilacachapa). The Huichol, Tarahumara, Mixteca-Alta, and Nahua-Coyolillo were separated from the rest of the populations. According to these findings, the distribution of mtDNA haplogroups found in Mexican indigenous groups is similar to other Amerindian haplogroups, except for the African haplogroup found in one population.
authors: Unidad de Investigación Medica en Genética Humana, Centro Medico Nacional, Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Apdo. Postal E-014, Coahuila 5, Col. Roma CP 06703, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors: Rosenda I
authors: RI
authors: Peñaloza-Espinosa
authors: Diego
authors: D
authors: Arenas-Aranda
authors: Ricardo M
authors: RM
authors: Cerda-Flores
authors: Leonor
authors: L
authors: Buentello-Malo
authors: Gerardo
authors: G
authors: González-Valencia
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Torres
authors: Berenice
authors: B
authors: Alvarez
authors: Irma
authors: I
authors: Mendoza
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Flores
authors: Lucila
authors: L
authors: Sandoval
authors: Francisco
authors: F
authors: Loeza
authors: Irma
authors: I
authors: Ramos
authors: Leopoldo
authors: L
authors: Muñoz
authors: Fabio
authors: F
authors: Salamanca
mesh_terms: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005784:Gene Amplification; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007199:Indians, South American / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics*; D010865:Pilot Projects
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D005819:Genetic Markers