title: Intranasal clonidine as a premedicant: three cases with unique indications.
abstract: Clonidine is experiencing increasing use in the pediatric population as a sedative and analgesic because of its central alpha2-adrenergic agonism. We report three cases of preoperative use of intranasal clonidine in pediatric patients, all for different indications. One patient was treated for preoperative agitation and hallucinations associated with oral midazolam. One patient was given clonidine as a premedicant. The third patient was treated for preoperative agitation and hypertension. All three patients had subjective resolution of indicated symptoms and none experienced adverse outcomes.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, University of North Carolina Hospitals, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7010, USA. mstella@aims.unc.edu
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Stella
authors: Ann G
authors: AG
authors: Bailey
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications; D001791:Blood Platelet Disorders / Q000150:complications; D002404:Catheterization; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004820:Epidermolysis Bullosa / Q000150:complications; D004947:Esophagus / Q000601:surgery; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009065:Mouth Rehabilitation; D010092:Oximetry; D011292:Premedication; D014521:Urethra / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D003000:Clonidine