title: Imaging features suggestive of a conjoined nerve root on routine axial MRI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of our study is to evaluate imaging features suggestive of a conjoined nerve root on routine axial MRI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two radiologists and two surgeons retrospectively reviewed the MRI of three cases in which a conjoined nerve root was discovered during operation and found three suggestive signs on routine axial MR images: "corner" (asymmetric morphology of the anterolateral corner of the dural sac), "fat crescent" (intervening extradural fat between the asymmetric dura and the nerve root), and "parallel" signs (visualization of the entire parallel course of the nerve root at the disc level). Two radiologists prospectively found these signs during routine MRI interpretation sessions over a period of 6 months. If one or a combination of signs were noted on axial MR images, contiguous axial scans were additionally obtained. Three cases that were previously found during operations were also included. Prevalence and confidence scores for each sign were assessed on axial T1- and T2-weighted images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve patients showed one or a combination of the three signs, 9 had contiguous axial MR scans. Five cases were confirmed by operation. The prevalence of the corner, fat crescent, and parallel signs were 12 out of 12 (100%), 6 out of 12 (50%), and 8 out of 12 (67.7%) on axial T1-weighted images. The overall diagnostic confidence was higher on T1- than on T2-weighted images (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On routine axial L-spine MRI, corner, fat crescent, and parallel signs are suggestive of and assist in the recognition of a conjoined nerve root.
authors: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeongi-do 463-707 South Korea.
authors: Su Jin
authors: SJ
authors: Song
authors: Joon Woo
authors: JW
authors: Lee
authors: Ja-Young
authors: JY
authors: Choi
authors: Sung Hwan
authors: SH
authors: Hong
authors: Na Ra
authors: NR
authors: Kim
authors: Ki-Jeong
authors: KJ
authors: Kim
authors: Sang-Ki
authors: SK
authors: Chung
authors: Hyun-Jib
authors: HJ
authors: Kim
authors: Heung Sik
authors: HS
authors: Kang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery