title: Probing reward function in posttraumatic stress disorder: expectancy and satisfaction with monetary gains and losses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be associated with dysfunctional reward processing. The present study assessed for such dysfunction in both the expectancy and outcome phases of reward processing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Vietnam veterans with (n=15) and without (n=11) combat-related PTSD were administered a wheel of fortune-type gambling task. Self-reported ratings of expectancy and satisfaction were collected respectively before and after each experience of monetary gain or loss.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PTSD participants reported both lower expectancy of reward and lower satisfaction with reward when it was received. The latter result was manifest in a failure of PTSD participants to show the greater satisfaction that normally accompanies rewards received under conditions of low expectancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest reward function impairment in PTSD related to expectancy, satisfaction, and the expectancy-satisfaction relationship.
authors: Behavioral Psychopharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
authors: James W
authors: JW
authors: Hopper
authors: Roger K
authors: RK
authors: Pitman
authors: Zhaohui
authors: Z
authors: Su
authors: Gene M
authors: GM
authors: Heyman
authors: Natasha B
authors: NB
authors: Lasko
authors: Michael L
authors: ML
authors: Macklin
authors: Scott P
authors: SP
authors: Orr
authors: Scott E
authors: SE
authors: Lukas
authors: Igor
authors: I
authors: Elman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003130:Combat Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D003469:Culture; D004644:Emotions; D005715:Gambling / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D012201:Reward; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*