title: Matrix metalloproteinase-assisted triggered release of liposomal contents.
abstract: We offer a novel methodology for formulating liposomes by incorporating sequence-specific collagen-mimetic peptides such that they are specifically "uncorked" by a matrix metalloproteinase, MMP-9. By encapsulating carboxyfluorescein (as a self-quenching fluorescent dye), we demonstrate that the time-dependent release of the dye from liposomes is due to the specific enzymatic cleavage of the surface-exposed collagen-mimetic peptides. The specificity of such cleavage is attested by the fact that the liposomal "uncorking" and their content release occur only by MMP-9 and not by a general proteolytic enzyme, trypsin, despite the fact that the collagen mimetic peptides contain the trypsin cleavage site. The mechanistic details underlying the formulations of liposomes and their enzyme-selective "uncorking" and content release are discussed. Arguments are presented that such liposomes can be fine-tuned to serve as the drug delivery vehicles for the detection and treatment of various human diseases, which occur due to the overexpression of a variety of pathogenic matrix metalloproteinases.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, USA.
authors: Nihar
authors: N
authors: Sarkar
authors: Jayati
authors: J
authors: Banerjee
authors: Andrea J
authors: AJ
authors: Hanson
authors: Adekunle I
authors: AI
authors: Elegbede
authors: Theresa
authors: T
authors: Rosendahl
authors: Aaron B
authors: AB
authors: Krueger
authors: Abir L
authors: AL
authors: Banerjee
authors: Shakila
authors: S
authors: Tobwala
authors: Rongying
authors: R
authors: Wang
authors: Xiaoning
authors: X
authors: Lu
authors: Sanku
authors: S
authors: Mallik
authors: D K
authors: DK
authors: Srivastava
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D032701:Biomimetics; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D044366:Transition Temperature; D014357:Trypsin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008081:Liposomes; D010455:Peptides; D003094:Collagen; D014357:Trypsin; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9