title: Inflammatory responses after intracoronary injection of autologous mononuclear bone marrow cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammatory responses after intracoronary injection of autologous mononuclear bone marrow cells (mBMC) are not clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of intracoronary injection of mBMC on inflammatory mediators in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with AMI in the ASTAMI trial (N = 100) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention were randomized to intracoronary injections of mBMC or control. Fasting blood samples were drawn the day before stem cell transplantation (baseline 4-5 days after AMI) and 1 day, 3 days, 2 to 3 weeks, and 3 months after transplantation for determination of circulating levels of selected inflammatory markers and mRNA levels in whole blood samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From baseline to day 1, the levels of interleukin 6 and the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA increased significantly in the mBMC group compared to the control group (P < .05 for both). The decrease in interleukin 6 levels from baseline to 2 to 3 weeks in the mBMC group was less pronounced than in the controls (P < .05), as was also the decrease in C-reactive protein levels from baseline to day 1 and day 3 in the mBMC group (P < .05). However, from baseline to 3 months the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 increased less in the mBMC group (P < .05 for both).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intracoronary injection of mBMC in patients with AMI induces a marked short-term inflammatory response, but a slightly reduced inflammation after 3 months which may have implications for the timing of stem cell transplantation in AMI.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. s-solh@online.com
authors: Svein
authors: S
authors: Solheim
authors: Ingebjørg
authors: I
authors: Seljeflot
authors: Ketil
authors: K
authors: Lunde
authors: Pål
authors: P
authors: Aukrust
authors: Arne
authors: A
authors: Yndestad
authors: Haakon Kiil
authors: HK
authors: Grøgaard
authors: Svend
authors: S
authors: Aakhus
authors: Kolbjørn
authors: K
authors: Forfang
authors: Harald
authors: H
authors: Arnesen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D017690:Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D011336:Probability; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012016:Reference Values; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015996:Survival Rate; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D012333:RNA, Messenger