Measurement of smoking outcome expectancies in children: the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire-Child.
A measure of smoking outcome expectancies was developed for children ages 7-12 years. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to determine whether a 1-, 2-, 3-, or 4-factor solution was most appropriate for the data set. CFA revealed that the 3-factor model produced the most adequate fit (Positive Reinforcement, Negative Consequences, and Weight Control). The resulting 15-item measure was named the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire-Child (SCQ-C). The fit of the 3-dimensional structure was then examined separately for 3 age groups representing young (7- to 8-year-old), middle (9- to 10-year-old), and old (11- to 13-year-old) children. Overall, the 3-factor structure fit the data well for the 3 groups. As such, we examined the relations of the 3 scales with antecedent variables for the entire sample. The Positive Reinforcement scale was associated with children's smoking behavior and having a family member or peers who smoked. The Negative Consequences scale was inversely related to having a family member or peer who smoked.
Copeland
Amy L
AL
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. copelan@lsu.edu
Diefendorff
James M
JM
Kendzor
Darla E
DE
Rash
Carla J
CJ
Businelle
Michael S
MS
Patterson
Scott M
SM
Williamson
Donald A
DA
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors