title: Sleeping newborns extract prosody from continuous speech.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Behavioral experiments show that infants use both prosodic and statistical cues in acquiring language. However, it is not yet clear whether these prosodic and statistical tools are already present at birth.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recorded brain responses of sleeping newborns to natural sounds rich in prosody, namely singing and continuous speech, and to two impoverished manipulations of speech. A total of 11 newborns were presented with continuous speech, singing, and degraded speech, while MEG was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that a brain response elicited to the prosodically rich singing and continuous natural speech conditions decreased dramatically when the prosody in the speech was impoverished.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We claim that this response is the indicator of the infants' sensitivity to prosodic cues in language, which is already present at birth during natural sleep.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The indicators of detection of prosody may be crucial in assessing the normal and abnormal cortical function in newborns, especially of those infants at-risk for language problems.
authors: Brain and Music Team, Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology, P.O. Box 9, FIN-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors: Anke
authors: A
authors: Sambeth
authors: Katja
authors: K
authors: Ruohio
authors: Paavo
authors: P
authors: Alku
authors: Vineta
authors: V
authors: Fellman
authors: Minna
authors: M
authors: Huotilainen
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004585:Electrooculography; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn / Q000502:physiology*; D015225:Magnetoencephalography; D008297:Male; D010700:Phonetics; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*