title: Interleukin-10 expression in macrophages during phagocytosis of apoptotic cells is mediated by homeodomain proteins Pbx1 and Prep-1.
abstract: Production of interleukin (IL)-10, a major immunoregulatory cytokine, by phagocytes during clearance of apoptotic cells is critical to ensuring cellular homeostasis and suppression of autoimmunity. Little is known about the regulatory mechanisms in this fundamental process. We report that IL-10 production stimulated by apoptotic cells was regulated at the point of transcription in a manner dependent on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, partially on the scavenger receptor CD36, and required cell-cell contact but not phagocytosis. By using a reporter assay, we mapped the apoptotic-cell-response element (ACRE) in the human IL10 promoter and provide biochemical and physiological evidence that ACRE mediates the transcriptional activation of IL10 by pre-B cell leukemia transcription factor-1b and another Hox cofactor Pbx-regulating protein 1 in response to apoptotic cells. This study establishes a role of two developmentally critical factors (Pbx1 and Prep-1) in the regulation of homeostasis in the immune system.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors: Elaine Y
authors: EY
authors: Chung
authors: Jianguo
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: Yoichiro
authors: Y
authors: Homma
authors: Yunhua
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Brendolan
authors: Matilde
authors: M
authors: Saggese
authors: Jihong
authors: J
authors: Han
authors: Roy
authors: R
authors: Silverstein
authors: Licia
authors: L
authors: Selleri
authors: Xiaojing
authors: X
authors: Ma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000502:physiology; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010587:Phagocytosis; D000075062:Pre-B-Cell Leukemia Transcription Factor 1; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018955:CD36 Antigens; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C106682:PKNOX1 protein, human; C481797:Pbx1 protein, mouse; C491412:Pknox1 protein, mouse; D000075062:Pre-B-Cell Leukemia Transcription Factor 1; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C083400:PBX1 protein, human; D016753:Interleukin-10; D004247:DNA; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases