title: Adaptive management of the Great Barrier Reef and the Grand Canyon world heritage areas.
abstract: Conventional perceptions of the interactions between people and their environment are rapidly transforming. Old paradigms that view humans as separate from nature, natural resources as inexhaustible or endlessly substitutable, and the world as stable, predictable, and in balance are no longer tenable. New conceptual frameworks are rapidly emerging based on an adaptive approach that focuses on learning and flexible management in a dynamic social-ecological landscape. Using two iconic World Heritage Areas as case studies (the Great Barrier Reef and the Grand Canyon) we outline how an improved integration of the scientific and social aspects of natural resource management can guide the evolution of multiscale systems of governance that confront and cope with uncertainty, risk, and change in an increasingly human-dominated world.
authors: Australian Research Council, Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia. Terry.Hughes@jcu.edu.au
authors: Terence P
authors: TP
authors: Hughes
authors: Lance H
authors: LH
authors: Gunderson
authors: Carl
authors: C
authors: Folke
authors: Andrew H
authors: AH
authors: Baird
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Bellwood
authors: Fikret
authors: F
authors: Berkes
authors: Beatrice
authors: B
authors: Crona
authors: Ariella
authors: A
authors: Helfgott
authors: Heather
authors: H
authors: Leslie
authors: Jon
authors: J
authors: Norberg
authors: Magnus
authors: M
authors: Nyström
authors: Per
authors: P
authors: Olsson
authors: Henrik
authors: H
authors: Osterblom
authors: Marten
authors: M
authors: Scheffer
authors: Heidi
authors: H
authors: Schuttenberg
authors: Robert S
authors: RS
authors: Steneck
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Tengö
authors: Max
authors: M
authors: Troell
authors: Brian
authors: B
authors: Walker
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Wilson
authors: Boris
authors: B
authors: Worm
mesh_terms: D001130:Arizona; D001315:Australia; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000379:methods*; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans