title: Barium esophagography: a study for all seasons.
abstract: Although a variety of diagnostic procedures are often performed on patients with pharyngeal or esophageal symptoms, barium esophagography is a noninvasive, inexpensive, and readily available test that can simultaneously evaluate swallowing function, esophageal motility, gastroesophageal reflux, and a host of structural abnormalities in the pharynx and esophagus. This article reviews the role of barium esophagography for assessing swallowing function, morphologic abnormalities of the pharynx (diverticula, webs, and carcinoma), esophageal motility disorders (achalasia and diffuse esophageal spasm), and morphologic abnormalities of the esophagus (reflux esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, infectious esophagitis, drug-induced esophagitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, Schatzki's ring, and esophageal carcinoma).
authors: Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. marc.levine@uphs.upenn.edu
authors: Marc S
authors: MS
authors: Levine
authors: Stephen E
authors: SE
authors: Rubesin
authors: Igor
authors: I
authors: Laufer
mesh_terms: D001466:Barium Sulfate; D003287:Contrast Media; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000378:metabolism; D004935:Esophageal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D004947:Esophagus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D010614:Pharynx / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D001466:Barium Sulfate