title: A displaced PAG enhances proximal signaling and SDF-1-induced T cell migration.
abstract: PAG, the phosphoprotein associated with glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains (GEM), negatively regulates Src family kinases by recruiting C-terminal Src kinase (Csk) to the membrane, where Csk phosphorylates the inhibitory tyrosine of the Src kinases. S-acylation of a CxxC motif juxtaposed to the transmembrane domain within PAG has been proposed to be responsible for targeting PAG to the lipid rafts. Here, we present the characterization of a mutant PAG molecule lacking the palmitoylation motif. We demonstrate that the mutant protein is expressed at the plasma membrane, but does not localize within the GEM. Despite being displaced, the mutant PAG molecule still binds the Src kinase Fyn and the cytoskeletal adaptor ezrin-radixin-moesin-binding phosphoprotein of 50 kDa, becomes tyrosine-phosphorylated, and recruits Csk to the membrane. Functional characterization of the mutant shows that, unlike WT PAG, it does not block proximal TCR signaling, and surprisingly enhances stromal cell-derived factor 1 (CXCL12)-induced migration. The mutant functions by depleting Csk from the GEM fractions, as apparent by changes in the phosphorylation of the inhibitory tyrosines within the Src kinases. Indeed this mechanism is supported by RNA interference of PAG, which results in enhanced migration and Src kinase activity. Our results therefore support a functional role for the compartmentalization of Src kinases within the membrane.
authors: Institute of Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
authors: Anita
authors: A
authors: Posevitz-Fejfár
authors: Michal
authors: M
authors: Smída
authors: Stefanie
authors: S
authors: Kliche
authors: Roland
authors: R
authors: Hartig
authors: Burkhart
authors: B
authors: Schraven
authors: Jonathan A
authors: JA
authors: Lindquist
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; C515256:Cxcl12 protein, mouse; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell