title: The APOE epsilon4 allele increases the risk of impaired spatial working memory in obstructive sleep apnea.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Contradictory data have been published on the influence of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon4 allele on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aims of this study were to confirm the presence of specific neuropsychological changes in OSA patients carrying the APOE epsilon4 allele and to clarify if these changes are due to the sole presence of this allele or to its interactions with OSA pathology.
  
  
  METHODS
  The APOE genotype was examined in 123 patients with OSA and in 121 controls, together with a series of neuropsychological tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OSA and control subjects had similar APOE genotype and allele distribution, but when neuropsychological tests were considered, OSA patients showed significantly lower values for verbal long-term (delayed free recall at the Rey auditory-verbal learning test) and working memory (bisyllabic words). Moreover, spatial span was found to be lower in OSA epsilon4 allele carriers than in non-carriers; this difference was not observed in controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirms the presence of a verbal memory impairment in OSA patients and provides evidence for a significant interaction of APOE epsilon4 allele and OSA on frontal lobe function in adults, possibly mediated by the presence of specific frontal lobe neuroanatomical changes in these patients.
authors: Sleep Research Centre, Department of Neurology I.C., Oasi Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging (IRCCS), Troina, Italy.
authors: Filomena I I
authors: FI
authors: Cosentino
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Bosco
authors: Valeria
authors: V
authors: Drago
authors: Giuseppina
authors: G
authors: Prestianni
authors: Bartolo
authors: B
authors: Lanuzza
authors: Ivan
authors: I
authors: Iero
authors: Mariangela
authors: M
authors: Tripodi
authors: Rosario S
authors: RS
authors: Spada
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Toscano
authors: Filippo
authors: F
authors: Caraci
authors: Raffaele
authors: R
authors: Ferri
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013028:Space Perception
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4