title: Persistent allergic rhinitis includes different pathophysiologic types.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Allergy rhinitis is typically classified as seasonal allergy rhinitis (SAR) and perennial allergy rhinitis (PAR). More recently, the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma document proposed the intermittent (ITR) and persistent forms (PER). However, it has been previously reported that each single allergen may induce different clinical and pathophysiologic features.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that the type of causal allergen might characterize pathophysiologic differences in a cohort of patients with PER.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred nineteen patients, sailors of the Italian Navy, with moderate-severe PER were prospectively and consecutively evaluated with clinical evaluation, skin prick test, rhinomanometry, and nasal decongestion test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with pollen allergy showed significantly more severe symptoms, lower nasal airflow, and higher response to decongestion test than patients with allergy to perennial allergens (P < .0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides evidence that patients with PER may show different pathophysiologic patterns depending on the type of causal allergen.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino, Genoa, Italy. gio.cip@libero.it
authors: Giorgio
authors: G
authors: Ciprandi
authors: Ignazio
authors: I
authors: Cirillo
authors: Angela
authors: A
authors: Pistorio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011058:Pollen / Q000009:adverse effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens