title: Influence of Raman effects in wavelength-division multiplexed soliton systems.
abstract: Taking into account the delayed Raman response, an expression for the collision-induced frequency shift is derived. In a wavelength-division multiplexed soliton system, solitons undergo cross-frequency shifts owing to collisions, which leads to timing jitter for transmission systems with bit rates of more than 40 Gbits/s per channel.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Kumar