title: Reward system activation in schizophrenic patients switched from typical neuroleptics to olanzapine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High blockade of dopamine D2 receptors in the ventral striatum including the nucleus accumbens may interfere with reward anticipation and cause secondary negative symptoms such as apathy or anhedonia. This may not be the case with newer neuroleptics such as olanzapine, which show less dopamine D2 receptor blockade and a faster off-rate from the receptor.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess the blood oxygenation level dependent response in the ventral striatum of schizophrenics medicated with typical neuroleptics (T1) and after switching them to olanzapine (T2) and of healthy control subjects at corresponding time points during reward anticipation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten schizophrenics, while medicated with typical neuroleptics (T1) and after having been switched to olanzapine (T2), and ten matched healthy volunteers participated in a monetary incentive delay task, in which visual cues predicted that a rapid response to a subsequent target stimulus would either result in monetary gain or have no consequence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During reward anticipation, healthy volunteers showed significantly higher ventral striatal activation compared to schizophrenic patients treated with typical neuroleptics but not olanzapine, which was reflected in a significant interaction between group and session. In patients treated with typical neuroleptics, but not with olanzapine, decreased left ventral striatal activation was correlated with negative symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Failure to activate the ventral striatum during reward anticipation was pharmacologically state-dependent and observed only in patients treated with typical neuroleptics but not with olanzapine, which may indicate that this drug did not induce secondary negative symptoms via interference with reward anticipation.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medical Center, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
authors: Florian
authors: F
authors: Schlagenhauf
authors: Georg
authors: G
authors: Juckel
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Koslowski
authors: Thorsten
authors: T
authors: Kahnt
authors: Brian
authors: B
authors: Knutson
authors: Theresa
authors: T
authors: Dembler
authors: Thorsten
authors: T
authors: Kienast
authors: Jürgen
authors: J
authors: Gallinat
authors: Jana
authors: J
authors: Wrase
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Heinz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D065127:Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; D005260:Female; D005475:Flupenthixol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005476:Fluphenazine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000187:drug effects; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000187:drug effects; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects; D012201:Reward; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D065127:Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D005475:Flupenthixol; D006220:Haloperidol; D000077152:Olanzapine; D005476:Fluphenazine; D010100:Oxygen