title: Vaccination of macaques with adjuvanted formalin-inactivated influenza A virus (H5N1) vaccines: protection against H5N1 challenge without disease enhancement.
abstract: We investigated the ability of adjuvanted, inactivated split-virion influenza A virus (H5N1) vaccines to protect against infection and demonstrated that the disease exacerbation phenomenon seen with adjuvanted formaldehyde-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus and measles virus investigational vaccines did not occur with these H5N1 vaccines. Macaques were vaccinated twice with or without an aluminum hydroxide or oil-in-water emulsion adjuvanted vaccine. Three months later, animals were challenged with homologous wild-type H5N1. No signs of vaccine-induced disease exacerbation were seen. With either adjuvant, vaccination induced functional and cross-reactive antibodies and protected the lungs and upper respiratory tract. Without an adjuvant, the vaccine provided partial protection. Best results were obtained with the emulsion adjuvant.
authors: Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: Caroline
authors: C
authors: Ruat
authors: Catherine
authors: C
authors: Caillet
authors: Alexandre
authors: A
authors: Bidaut
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Simon
authors: Albert D M E
authors: AD
authors: Osterhaus
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004285:Dogs; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D005557:Formaldehyde