A microRNA-based gene dysregulation pathway in Huntington's disease.
Huntington's disease (HD) is a dominantly-inherited neurodegenerative disorder which is incurable and ultimately fatal. HD is characterised by widespread mRNA dysregulation, particularly in neurons of the forebrain, by mechanisms which are not fully understood. Such dysregulation has been demonstrated to result, in part, from aberrant nuclear localisation of the transcriptional repressor, REST. Here, we show that expression of a number of neuronal-specific microRNAs is also dysregulated in HD tissues, probably as a result of increased repression by REST. This phenomenon is observed in both murine models of HD and in the brains of human HD sufferers. MicroRNA loss is reflected in increased levels of a number of target messenger RNAs. These data are the first to demonstrate a role for microRNAs in HD, and indicate that the molecular aetiology of HD is reflected in a loss of neuronal identity, caused in part by dysregulation of both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms.
Johnson
Rory
R
Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, #02-01 Genome, Singapore 138672, Singapore. johnsonrb@gis.a-star.edu.sg
Zuccato
Chiara
C
Belyaev
Nikolai D
ND
Guest
Deborah J
DJ
Cattaneo
Elena
E
Buckley
Noel J
NJ
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018390:Gene Targeting / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D006816:Huntington Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000502:physiology*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000099229:RE1-Silencing Transcription Factor
D035683:MicroRNAs; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000099229:RE1-Silencing Transcription Factor