title: Emetine regulates the alternative splicing of Bcl-x through a protein phosphatase 1-dependent mechanism.
abstract: Exon 2 of the Bcl-x gene undergoes alternative splicing in which the Bcl-xS splice variant promotes apoptosis in contrast to the anti-apoptotic splice variant Bcl-xL. In this study, the regulation of the alternative splicing of pre-mRNA of Bcl-x was examined in response to emetine. Treatment of different types of cancer cells with emetine dihydrochloride downregulated the level of Bcl-xL mRNA with a concomitant increase in the mRNA level of Bcl-xS in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Pretreatment with calyculin A, an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), blocked emetine-induced alternative splicing in contrast to okadaic acid, a specific inhibitor of PP2A in cells, demonstrating a PP1-mediated mechanism. Our finding on the regulation of RNA splicing of members of the Bcl-2 family in response to emetine presents a potential target for cancer treatment.
authors: Department of Medicine, Program in Neuroscience, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
authors: Kritsanapol
authors: K
authors: Boon-Unge
authors: Qingming
authors: Q
authors: Yu
authors: Tie
authors: T
authors: Zou
authors: An
authors: A
authors: Zhou
authors: Piyarat
authors: P
authors: Govitrapong
authors: Jianhua
authors: J
authors: Zhou
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing / Q000187:drug effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004640:Emetine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008387:Marine Toxins; D019319:Okadaic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D054648:Protein Phosphatase 2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051020:bcl-X Protein / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C494811:BCL2L1 protein, human; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008387:Marine Toxins; D010080:Oxazoles; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D019319:Okadaic Acid; C059041:calyculin A; D003513:Cycloheximide; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D054648:Protein Phosphatase 2; D004640:Emetine