title: Antibodies induced by liposomal protein exhibit dual binding to protein and lipid epitopes.
abstract: Natural polyreactive antibodies can accommodate chemically unrelated epitopes, such as lipids and proteins, in a single antigen binding site. Because liposomes containing lipid A as an adjuvant can induce antibodies directed against specific lipids, we immunized mice with liposomes containing lipid A together with a protein or peptide antigen to determine whether monoclonal antibodies generated after immunization would be specifically directed both to the liposomal lipid (either cholesterol or galactosylceramide) and also to the accompanying liposomal protein or peptide. Monoclonal antibodies were obtained that bound, by ELISA, to cholesterol and to recombinant gp140 envelope protein from HIV-1, or to galactosylceramide and to an HIV-1 envelope peptide. Surface plasmon resonance studies with the former antibody showed that the liposomal cholesterol and liposomal gp140 each contributed to the overall binding energy of the antibody to liposomes containing cholesterol and protein.
authors: Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, US Military HIV Research Program, Department of Vaccine Production and Delivery, 1600 East Gude Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
authors: Nicos
authors: N
authors: Karasavvas
authors: Zoltan
authors: Z
authors: Beck
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Tong
authors: Gary R
authors: GR
authors: Matyas
authors: Mangala
authors: M
authors: Rao
authors: Francine E
authors: FE
authors: McCutchan
authors: Nelson L
authors: NL
authors: Michael
authors: Carl R
authors: CR
authors: Alving
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008050:Lipid A / Q000378:metabolism*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000939:Epitopes; D008050:Lipid A; D008081:Liposomes; D010455:Peptides; D011506:Proteins; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; C097729:gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D002784:Cholesterol