The lectin-like oxidized low-density-lipoprotein receptor: a pro-inflammatory factor in vascular disease.
Scavenger receptors are membrane glycoproteins that bind diverse ligands including lipid particles, phospholipids, apoptotic cells and pathogens. LOX-1 (lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1) is increasingly linked to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Transgenic mouse models for LOX-1 overexpression or gene knockout suggests that LOX-1 contributes to atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression. LOX-1 activation by oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein) binding stimulates intracellular signalling, gene expression and production of superoxide radicals. A key question is the role of leucocyte LOX-1 in pro-atherogenic lipid particle trafficking, accumulation and signalling leading to differentiation into foam cells, necrosis and plaque development. LOX-1 expression is elevated within vascular lesions and a serum soluble LOX-1 fragment appears diagnostic of patients with acute coronary syndromes. LOX-1 is increasingly viewed as a vascular disease biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in heart attack and stroke prevention.
Dunn
Sarah
S
Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
Vohra
Ravinder S
RS
Murphy
Jane E
JE
Homer-Vanniasinkam
Shervanthi
S
Walker
John H
JH
Ponnambalam
Sreenivasan
S
D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D021381:Protein Transport; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D015415:Biomarkers; D008024:Ligands; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E