title: Decreased p66Shc promoter methylation in patients with end-stage renal disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  p66Shc is a stress response protein and partially regulated by epigenetic modifications. Mice lacking p66Shc have reduced atherosclerosis, increased resistance to oxidative stress and a prolonged life time. The aim of the present study was to compare promoter methylation of the p66Shc gene between healthy controls and patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). There are two reasons for studying patients with ESRD. First, patients with ESRD have a disturbed homocysteine metabolism, and second an increased risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease is a constant finding in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In our study, we measured fasting levels of homocysteine, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and 8-isoprostane in 22 patients and in 26 healthy, age- and sex-matched controls. The methylation of the p66Shc promoter and Line-1, as surrogate marker of whole genome methylation was quantified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In comparison to the control group, homocysteine, SAM, SAH, 8-isoprostane and whole genome methylation were significantly elevated in ESRD patients, while the p66Shc promoter methylation was significantly reduced. A significant correlation was found between SAH and p66Shc promoter methylation in the patient group. This observation underlines the role of SAH as a potent inhibitor of methyltransferases. Using backward regression analysis, we demonstrated that 8-isoprostane has a significant influence on p66Shc promoter methylation. In the control group and in patients with ESRD, increasing 8-isoprostane levels were linked to an elevated promoter methylation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under physiological conditions, based on the results of the control group, the p66Shc expression is more silenced through epigenetic modifications. The atherosclerotic risk is dramatically increased in ESRD patients; therefore, our experimental results of methylation are in accordance with the clinical situation.
authors: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany. kchjgei@uniklinik-saarland.de
authors: Jürgen
authors: J
authors: Geisel
authors: Heike
authors: H
authors: Schorr
authors: Gunar H
authors: GH
authors: Heine
authors: Marion
authors: M
authors: Bodis
authors: Ulrich
authors: U
authors: Hübner
authors: Jean-Pierre
authors: JP
authors: Knapp
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Herrmann
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D019175:DNA Methylation; D017931:DNA Primers; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D055765:Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D000071425:Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D017931:DNA Primers; C528024:SHC1 protein, human; D055765:Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins; C528034:Shc1 protein, mouse; D000071425:Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1