title: Impact of familiarity upon children's developing facial expression recognition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The impact of personal familiarity upon children's developing emotion-processing has been largely ignored in previous research, yet may prove particularly important given the emotional salience of such stimuli and children's greater exposure to familiar others compared to strangers. We examined the impact of personal familiarity upon developing facial expression recognition (FER).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 153 children, 4-15 years old. We employed dynamic expressions of five emotions (happy, sad, anger, fear, disgust), posed by familiar (parents, teachers) and unfamiliar identities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Accuracy improved with age for recognising sad and fear expressions, but not anger. Children tended to correctly recognise happiness and fear at lower intensities. The impact of familiarity on FER depended on emotion-category. Familiarity did not affect recognition of sad expressions, but children were less accurate at recognising anger, fear, and disgust in familiar individuals compared to strangers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Personal familiarity may exert a distracting effect on children's performance. Findings highlight the importance of incorporating different emotion-categories and familiarity when examining the development of FER. Clinical implications are discussed.
authors: Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, KCL, London, UK. c.herba@erasmusmc.nl
authors: Catherine M
authors: CM
authors: Herba
authors: Philip
authors: P
authors: Benson
authors: Sabine
authors: S
authors: Landau
authors: Tamara
authors: T
authors: Russell
authors: Claire
authors: C
authors: Goodwin
authors: Erwin
authors: E
authors: Lemche
authors: Paramala
authors: P
authors: Santosh
authors: Mary
authors: M
authors: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004644:Emotions; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D021641:Recognition, Psychology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D012938:Social Perception; D006113:United Kingdom