title: [Bioefficacy of plant carotenoid to vitamin A in school age children].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the bioefficacy of pure beta-carotene and beta-carotene from spinach to vitamin A in schoolchildren of different vitamin A status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty two schoolchildren aged 7-9 years old were selected and then divided into two groups randomly. Each group included 16 subjects, of which the vitamin A level of 8 subjects was normal, the other 8 subjects suffered from vitamin A deficiency. In the first 7 days, one group was given 5 gram spinach (containing 230 microg 2H10-beta-carotene) before lunch and dinner and the other group was given pure beta-carotene capsule (containing 200 microg beta-carotene). Before breakfast, both groups were given 100 microg 13C10 retinal acetate capsule. Blood was drawn on the 3, 7, 8, 22 and 28 day. HPLC and GC-MS were used to determine the retinol concentration and enrichment of isotope and then calculate the bioefficacy of pure beta-carotene and beta-carotene from spinach to vitamin A.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The conversion factors of pure beta-carotene to vitamin A in oil capsule were: 2.9:1 for the children with normal vitamin A status, 3.2:1 for those suffering from marginal vitamin A deficiency. The conversion factors of spinach beta-carotene to vitamin A were 10.1:1 and 10.3:1 for the children with normal and low vitamin A status, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The vitamin A conversion bioefficacy of pure beta-carotene from oil capsule is much higher than that of spinach. There is no difference of beta-carotene bioefficacy to vitamin A for children with different vitamin A status.
authors: National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Li
authors: Yin
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Jieshu
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: Ranfeng
authors: R
authors: Zhu
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D002648:Child; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D008297:Male; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000737:chemistry*; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D019207:beta Carotene; D014801:Vitamin A