title: Intensive conditioning regimen of etoposide (VP-16), cyclophosphamide and carmustine (VCB) followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for relapsed and refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma.
abstract: Several high-dose therapy regimens are used for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) for relapsed and refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) with variable disease response. An intensified regimen of etoposide (VP-16) 2,400 mg/m(2), cyclophosphamide 7,200 mg/m(2) and carmustine (BCNU) 600 mg/m(2) (VCB) pre-auto-HSCT was developed to overcome disease recurrence. A total of 43 relapsed and refractory HL patients underwent auto-HSCT between January 1992 and December 2004. At day 100 there were 37 (86%) complete responses. A total of 40 patients survived beyond day 100, 14 of whom subsequently relapsed/progressed. At a median follow-up of 4.9 years (range 1.5-11.4 years), 26 patients (60%) are alive and disease free. Five-year actuarial event-free survival (EFS) was 53% (95% CI 35-70%) and median EFS was 5.9 years. Median progression-free and overall survivals have not been reached. EFS was reduced with an increasing number of prognostic factors (Karnofsky performance status, KPS <90, chemotherapy-resistant disease and >or=3 chemotherapy regimens prior to transplant <or=1 vs >or=2; P=0.049). Grade III-IV regimen-related toxicity was 9% (n=4). The 1-year cumulative incidence of interstitial pneumonitis (IP) was 36%, however only two patients died of IP complications. Disease progression was the most common cause of death (n=10, 23%). Intensive VCB is an effective and well-tolerated preparative regimen for relapsed and refractory HL auto-HSCT.
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Benekli
authors: S L
authors: SL
authors: Smiley
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Younis
authors: M S
authors: MS
authors: Czuczman
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Hernandez-Ilizaliturri
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Bambach
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Battiwalla
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Padmanabhan
authors: P L
authors: PL
authors: McCarthy
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Hahn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002330:Carmustine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000628:therapy*; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000379:methods*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D005047:Etoposide; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D002330:Carmustine