title: Intradermal/subcutaneous immunization by electroporation improves plasmid vaccine delivery and potency in pigs and rhesus macaques.
abstract: In an effort to improve DNA vaccine immune potency electroporation has emerged as a method of delivery of plasmids to target tissues. However, few studies have examined the use of this technology to deliver plasmid vaccines to the skin. Here we studied the effect of electroporation on DNA vaccine potency and gene delivery using skin as a target tissue in larger animal species. Using a pig model, we determined that high plasmid concentrations resulted in improved gene expression for plasmid GFP delivered by the intradermal/subcutaneous (ID/SQ) route. In a macaque model, we observed higher cellular and humoral responses to an HIV DNA vaccine, which included plasmid-encoded IL-12, with electroporation compared to ID/SQ injection alone. The induced responses were TH1 mediated. These results support that skin electroporation may have importance as an immunization approach in larger animal models.
authors: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 422 Curie Boulevard, 505 SCL, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors: Lauren A
authors: LA
authors: Hirao
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Wu
authors: Amir S
authors: AS
authors: Khan
authors: Abhishek
authors: A
authors: Satishchandran
authors: Ruxandra
authors: R
authors: Draghia-Akli
authors: David B
authors: DB
authors: Weiner
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D018274:Electroporation / Q000379:methods*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D010957:Plasmids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013552:Swine; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D007371:Interferon-gamma