title: Photoprotective effects of glucomannan isolated from Candida utilis.
abstract: Glucomannans belong to yeast and fungal cell wall polysaccharides with known immunostimulatory and radioprotective effects. However, glucomannan protective effects against pathological consequences of skin exposure to short wavelength solar light, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, are unclear. Herein, a highly branched glucomannan (GM) isolated from the cell wall of Candida utilis, a member of the alpha-(1-->6)-D-mannan group, was tested for its photoprotective effects in an in vitro model of UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes and an in vivo model of UV-induced erythema formation in human volunteers. GM suppressed the UVB-induced decrease of keratinocyte viability, which was connected with the suppression of UVB-induced keratinocyte apoptosis. GM reduced UVB-mediated caspase activation together with suppression of DNA fragment release into the cytoplasm. Furthermore, GM suppressed UVB-induced gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers including nuclear factor kappa B, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukins 8 and 1, together with suppression of prostaglandin E2 and interleukin 1alpha protein release. In vivo, GM decreased UV-induced skin erythema formation, which was correlated with a decrease of phosholipase A(2) activity within the stratum corneum. It could be concluded that GM isolated from C. utilis possesses significant photoprotective effects on human keratinocytes in vitro as well as in vivo.
authors: CPN spol. sro, 561 02 Dolni Dobrouc 401, Czech Republic. ruszova@contipro.cz
authors: Ema
authors: E
authors: Ruszova
authors: Stanislav
authors: S
authors: Pavek
authors: Veronika
authors: V
authors: Hajkova
authors: Sarka
authors: S
authors: Jandova
authors: Vladimir
authors: V
authors: Velebny
authors: Ivana
authors: I
authors: Papezikova
authors: Lukas
authors: L
authors: Kubala
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002175:Candida / Q000737:chemistry*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D004890:Erythema / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D008351:Mannans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008351:Mannans; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; C022901:(1-6)-alpha-glucomannan