title: The benefits of combining elemental sulfur with a DMI fungicide to control Monilinia fructicola isolates resistant to propiconazole.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Management of demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicide resistance in Monilinia fructicola (G. Winter) Honey is a priority in peach orchards of the southeastern United States, but DMI fungicides are still an important component of antiresistance strategies in view of the few effective alternatives. The goal of this study was to investigate potential benefits of a sulfur/propiconazole mixture for the control of propiconazole-resistant isolates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mixture provided the best control for propiconazole-resistant isolates, regardless of protective or curative application timings, or the presence or absence of fruit injury. Propiconazole-resistant isolates developed disease on detached fruit after protective or curative applications of propiconazole or its mixture with sulfur, but protective applications of the mixture significantly reduced (P = 0.05) disease symptoms compared with the individual compounds. Additive to slightly synergistic effects were observed for the mixture in protective treatments of peaches inoculated with propiconazole-resistant isolates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the addition of elemental sulfur to a DMI fungicide is likely to be a relatively inexpensive means to improve brown rot control in peach production areas where reduced sensitivity to DMI fungicides is suspected but has not led to noticeable control failure.
authors: University of Debrecen, Centre of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary. holb@agr.unideb.hu
authors: Imre J
authors: IJ
authors: Holb
authors: Guido
authors: G
authors: Schnabel
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects*; D005638:Fruit / Q000382:microbiology; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027861:Prunus / Q000382:microbiology; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects; D013455:Sulfur / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D014230:Triazoles; C045950:propiconazole; D013455:Sulfur