Combination antiretroviral therapy failure and HIV super-infection.
In addition to development or selection of resistance, failure to continuously suppress HIV-1 production while still using initially effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) may result from super-infection with a drug-resistant strain. Both transmission of drug resistant HIV and super-infection have been demonstrated. We analysed HIV pol genes obtained before start of initially successful cART and during failure while still on cART in 101 patients. Difference in precART and cART failure sequences were explained by evolution and not by super-infection.
Bezemer
Daniela
D
HIV Monitoring Foundation, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
van Sighem
Ard
A
de Wolf
Frank
F
Cornelissen
Marion
M
van der Kuyl
Antoinette C
AC
Jurriaans
Suzanne
S
van der Hoek
Lia
L
Prins
Maria
M
Coutinho
Roel A
RA
Lukashov
Vladimir V
VV
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015331:Cohort Studies; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005260:Female; D015751:Genes, pol / Q000235:genetics*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands; D017421:Sequence Analysis; D015163:Superinfection / Q000821:virology*; D017211:Treatment Failure; D054302:pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics*
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D054302:pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus