title: Human PDE4A8, a novel brain-expressed PDE4 cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase that has undergone rapid evolutionary change.
abstract: We have isolated cDNAs encoding PDE4A8 (phosphodiesterase 4 isoform A8), a new human cAMP-specific PDE4 isoform encoded by the PDE4A gene. PDE4A8 has a novel N-terminal region of 85 amino acids that differs from those of the related 'long' PDE4A4, PDE4A10 and PDE4A11 isoforms. The human PDE4A8 N-terminal region has diverged substantially from the corresponding isoforms in the rat and other mammals, consistent with rapid evolutionary change in this region of the protein. When expressed in COS-7 cells, PDE4A8 localized predominantly in the cytosol, but approx. 20% of the enzyme was associated with membrane fractions. Cytosolic PDE4A8 was exquisitely sensitive to inhibition by the prototypical PDE4 inhibitor rolipram (IC(50) of 11+/-1 nM compared with 1600 nM for PDE4A4), but was less sensitive to inhibition by cilomilast (IC(50) of 101+/-7 nM compared with 61 nM for PDE4A4). PDE4A8 mRNA was found to be expressed predominantly in skeletal muscle and brain, a pattern that differs from the tissue expression of other human PDE4 isoforms and also from that of rat PDE4A8. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that PDE4A8 could be detected in discrete regions of human brain, including the cerebellum, spinal cord and cerebral cortex. The unique tissue distribution of PDE4A8, combined with the evolutionary divergence of its N-terminus, suggest that this isoform may have a specific function in regulating cAMP levels in human skeletal muscle and brain.
authors: Molecular Pharmacology Group, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK.
authors: Kirsty F
authors: KF
authors: Mackenzie
authors: Emma C
authors: EC
authors: Topping
authors: Bozena
authors: B
authors: Bugaj-Gaweda
authors: Chengjun
authors: C
authors: Deng
authors: York-Fong
authors: YF
authors: Cheung
authors: Aileen E
authors: AE
authors: Olsen
authors: Cecil R
authors: CR
authors: Stockard
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: High Mitchell
authors: George S
authors: GS
authors: Baillie
authors: William E
authors: WE
authors: Grizzle
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: De Vivo
authors: Miles D
authors: MD
authors: Houslay
authors: Daguang
authors: D
authors: Wang
authors: Graeme B
authors: GB
authors: Bolger
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology*; D019556:COS Cells; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D015894:Genome, Human / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000235:genetics; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010766:Phosphorylation; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017385:Sequence Homology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D009711:Nucleotides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; C517355:PDE4A protein, human