title: Safety and efficacy of insulin detemir basal-bolus therapy in type 1 diabetes patients: 14-week data from the European cohort of the PREDICTIVE study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  PREDICTIVE is a multi-national, prospective, observational study, assessing the safety and efficacy of insulin detemir in patients with diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The European cohort includes 20,531 patients with diabetes (7420 type 1) from 11 countries. A subgroup of 4782 type 1 patients were transferred from a basal-bolus regimen with NPH insulin (n = 3117) or insulin glargine (n = 1665) to insulin detemir basal-bolus therapy; or from a human insulin basal-bolus regimen (n = 570) to insulin detemir/insulin aspart (part of the pre-study NPH group). Mean follow-up was 14.4 weeks. The primary endpoint was serious adverse drug reactions (SADRs), including major hypoglycaemia. Secondary endpoints were: incidence of overall and nocturnal hypoglycaemia; haemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)); fasting glucose; within-patient fasting glucose variability; and change in body weight.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SADRs were reported by 62 (2.0%) patients previously receiving NPH insulin, 45 (2.7%) patients previously receiving insulin glargine and seven (1.2%) patients previously receiving human basal-bolus insulins. Major hypoglycaemia was significantly reduced in NPH insulin (55%), insulin glargine (51%), and human basal-bolus insulin groups (54%; p < 0.0001 for all). Total and nocturnal hypoglycaemic episodes were also significantly reduced in all groups (p < 0.0001 for all). HbA(1c) was reduced in patients previously receiving NPH insulin (0.5%), insulin glargine (0.4%), and human basal-bolus insulins (0.6%; p < 0.0001 for all). Mean fasting glucose and within-patient fasting glucose variability significantly decreased in all patients (p < 0.0001 for all). Body weight remained stable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this open-label, prospective, observational study, insulin detemir basal-bolus therapy improved glycaemic control and reduced hypoglycaemia with weight neutrality in type 1 patients in actual clinical practice.
authors: Department of Metabolic Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Dornhorst
authors: Hans-Joachim
authors: HJ
authors: Lüddeke
authors: Marek
authors: M
authors: Honka
authors: Ralf W
authors: RW
authors: Ackermann
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Meriläinen
authors: Baptist
authors: B
authors: Gallwitz
authors: Seamus
authors: S
authors: Sreenan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; D001835:Body Weight; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069057:Insulin Detemir; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D000069057:Insulin Detemir; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting