title: Transcribing RNA polymerase II is phosphorylated at CTD residue serine-7.
abstract: RNA polymerase II is distinguished by its large carboxyl-terminal repeat domain (CTD), composed of repeats of the consensus heptapeptide Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7. Differential phosphorylation of serine-2 and serine-5 at the 5' and 3' regions of genes appears to coordinate the localization of transcription and RNA processing factors to the elongating polymerase complex. Using monoclonal antibodies, we reveal serine-7 phosphorylation on transcribed genes. This position does not appear to be phosphorylated in CTDs of less than 20 consensus repeats. The position of repeats where serine-7 is substituted influenced the appearance of distinct phosphorylated forms, suggesting functional differences between CTD regions. Our results indicate that restriction of serine-7 epitopes to the Linker-proximal region limits CTD phosphorylation patterns and is a requirement for optimal gene expression.
authors: Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology and Tumour Genetics, GSF-Research Center of Environment and Health, Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science (CiPSM), Marchioninistrasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.
authors: Rob D
authors: RD
authors: Chapman
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Heidemann
authors: Thomas K
authors: TK
authors: Albert
authors: Reinhard
authors: R
authors: Mailhammer
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Flatley
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Meisterernst
authors: Elisabeth
authors: E
authors: Kremmer
authors: Dirk
authors: D
authors: Eick
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D000939:Epitopes; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D019674:Genes, T-Cell Receptor beta; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012694:Serine / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000939:Epitopes; D009842:Oligopeptides; D021122:Protein Subunits; D012694:Serine; D012319:RNA Polymerase II