Characterization of mtDNA haplogroups in 14 Mexican indigenous populations.
In this descriptive study we investigated the genetic structure of 513 Mexican indigenous subjects grouped in 14 populations (Mixteca-Alta, Mixteca-Baja, Otomi, Purépecha, Tzeltal, Tarahumara, Huichol, Nahua-Atocpan, Nahua-Xochimilco, Nahua-Zitlala, Nahua-Chilacachapa, Nahua-Ixhuatlancillo, Nahua-Necoxtla, and Nahua-Coyolillo) based on mtDNA haplogroups. These communities are geographically and culturally isolated; parents and grandparents were born in the community. Our data show that 98.6% of the mtDNA was distributed in haplogroups A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, and D2. Haplotype X6 was present in the Tarahumara (1/53) and Huichol (3/15), and haplotype L was present in the Nahua-Coyolillo (3/38). The first two principal components accounted for 95.9% of the total variation in the sample. The mtDNA haplogroup frequencies in the Purépecha and Zitlala were intermediate to cluster 1 (Otomi, Nahua-Ixhuatlancillo, Nahua-Xochimilco, Mixteca-Baja, and Tzeltal) and cluster 2 (Nahua-Necoxtla, Nahua-Atocpan, and Nahua-Chilacachapa). The Huichol, Tarahumara, Mixteca-Alta, and Nahua-Coyolillo were separated from the rest of the populations. According to these findings, the distribution of mtDNA haplogroups found in Mexican indigenous groups is similar to other Amerindian haplogroups, except for the African haplogroup found in one population.
Peñaloza-Espinosa
Rosenda I
RI
Unidad de Investigación Medica en Genética Humana, Centro Medico Nacional, Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Apdo. Postal E-014, Coahuila 5, Col. Roma CP 06703, Mexico City, Mexico.
Arenas-Aranda
Diego
D
Cerda-Flores
Ricardo M
RM
Buentello-Malo
Leonor
L
González-Valencia
Gerardo
G
Torres
Javier
J
Alvarez
Berenice
B
Mendoza
Irma
I
Flores
Mario
M
Sandoval
Lucila
L
Loeza
Francisco
F
Ramos
Irma
I
Muñoz
Leopoldo
L
Salamanca
Fabio
F
D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005784:Gene Amplification; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007199:Indians, South American / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics*; D010865:Pilot Projects
D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D005819:Genetic Markers