title: Gasless laparoscopic surgery for ovarian cyst in a second trimester pregnant patient with a ventricular septal defect.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ovarian cysts are estimated to occur in 4.1% of second trimester and third trimester obstetric ultrasonographic examination. Laparoscopy has not been widely performed during pregnancy, especially after the first trimester, and laparotomy remains the standard of care. Herein, we report a use of gasless laparoscopy in the management of an ovarian cyst during second trimester of pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 21-year-old primigravida woman initially presented for antenatal care at 6 weeks' pregnancy. She had an underlying small subaortic ventricular septal wall defect with a functional class I. A left ovarian cyst was found during ultrasound examination. Elective gasless laparoscopic surgery due to persistence ovarian cyst was performed at 14th week of gestation without complications. The subsequent antenatal course was unremarkable. The pregnancy carried to term with uneventful maternal and fetal outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gasless laparoscopy is an alternative procedure for the management of ovarian cyst during pregnancy. This allows laparoscopic surgery that is minimally invasive for both the mother and the fetus.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. vorapong.p@chula.ac.th
authors: Vorapong
authors: V
authors: Phupong
authors: Suvit
authors: S
authors: Bunyavejchewin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D010048:Ovarian Cysts / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000601:surgery*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second