title: Thyroid surgery: comparison between the electrothermal bipolar vessel sealing system, harmonic scalpel, and classic suture ligation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was conducted to compare the outcome of total thyroidectomy using the electrothermal bipolar vessel sealing system, the harmonic scalpel, and the classic suture ligation technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective study of prospectively collected data from 382 consecutive total thyroidectomies from September 2004 to August 2006. Patients were divided into 3 groups: group SL patients (n = 90) underwent total thyroidectomy with the classic suture ligation technique, group L (n = 148) with the electrothermal bipolar vessel sealer, and group U (n = 144) with the harmonic scalpel. The main outcomes measured were surgical and hospitalization time, intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, postoperative hypocalcemia, and superior and inferior laryngeal nerves injuries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 3 groups were similar in terms of demographics, thyroid gland weight and pathology, perioperative complications, and hospital stay. Compared with the classic technique, surgical time was reduced significantly by about 20% when the bipolar vessel sealer or harmonic scalpel was used (93.3 +/- 12.5 vs 74.3 +/- 14.2 and 73.8 +/- 13.8 min, P = .001, and P = .001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both the bipolar vessel sealer and harmonic scalpel are safe, useful, and time-saving alternatives to the traditional suture ligation technique for thyroid surgery. Because no differences were observed regarding these 2 devices, the choice should be made based on the surgeon's preferences and experience.
authors: Endocrine Surgery Unit, First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Athens Medical School, University of Athens, Hippokrateion Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Manouras
authors: Haridimos
authors: H
authors: Markogiannakis
authors: Athanasios S
authors: AS
authors: Koutras
authors: Pantelis T
authors: PT
authors: Antonakis
authors: Panagiotis
authors: P
authors: Drimousis
authors: Emmanuel E
authors: EE
authors: Lagoudianakis
authors: Panagiotis
authors: P
authors: Kekis
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Genetzakis
authors: Konstantinos
authors: K
authors: Koutsoumanis
authors: Ioannis
authors: I
authors: Bramis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004564:Electrocoagulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D013965:Thyroidectomy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy