title: Colorectal carcinoma: in vitro evaluation with high-spatial-resolution 3D constructive interference in steady-state MR imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively assess the accuracy of high-spatial-resolution three-dimensional (3D) constructive interference in steady-state (CISS) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the evaluation of mural invasion of colorectal carcinoma by using prospectively obtained in vitro images, with histopathologic analysis as the reference standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institutional review board approval was obtained for the prospective and retrospective components of this study, with informed consent for the former and waiver of informed consent for the latter. Surgical specimens were obtained in 92 patients (61 men, 31 women; mean age, 65 years) and contained 96 colorectal carcinomas. Specimens were examined with a 1.5-T MR system and a 4-cm-diameter loop coil. High-spatial-resolution 3D CISS MR images were obtained with 80 x 80-mm field of view, 512 x 512 matrix, and 0.7-mm section thickness, which resulted in a 0.017-mm(3) voxel size. The 3D data sets were postprocessed with surface-rendering software to generate virtual MR endoscopic images. The 3D CISS MR images were compared with histopathologic findings, and virtual MR endoscopic images were compared with macroscopic findings at surgery. Statistical analysis was performed with Spearman rank correlation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 92 (96%) colorectal carcinomas, the depth of mural invasion depicted by 3D CISS MR imaging correlated well with the histopathologic stage, although the stage assigned with 3D CISS MR imaging was higher than that assigned with histopathologic analysis in four (4%) carcinomas (r = 0.976, P < .001). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 100%, 94%-96%, and 98%-100%, respectively. In 91 (95%) carcinomas, virtual MR endoscopy clearly depicted the macroscopic type of carcinoma, including gross configuration and tumor ulceration (r = 0.916, P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-spatial-resolution 3D CISS MR imaging has high diagnostic accuracy in the in vitro evaluation of mural invasion and macroscopic features of colorectal carcinomas.
authors: Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Oncology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.
authors: Ichiro
authors: I
authors: Yamada
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Okabe
authors: Masayuki
authors: M
authors: Enomoto
authors: Kenichi
authors: K
authors: Sugihara
authors: Norio
authors: N
authors: Yoshino
authors: Akemi
authors: A
authors: Tetsumura
authors: Jiro
authors: J
authors: Kumagai
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Shibuya
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity