title: Physical strain on advanced life support providers in different out of hospital environments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine to what extent the type of emergency medical transportation influences the physical response of advanced life support providers.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Providing external chest compression during resuscitation is physically exhausting. If the decision is made to bring the patient to a hospital undergoing resuscitation procedures, there are usually two options for transportation: ambulance vehicles or helicopters. There should be discussion on deciding which means of transportation should be preferred, because there is evidence that the quality of rescuers performance influences patient's outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was a randomised crossover trial comparing physical strain on 11 European Resuscitation Council (ERC) approved healthcare professionals during external chest compression in different environments: (a) moving ambulance vehicle vs. (b) flying helicopter, and both compared to (c) staying at the scene (control).
  
  
  METHODS
  Difference in heart rate to systolic blood pressure ratio after 8 min of external chest compression. Secondary outcomes were BORG-rate of perceived exertion scale, blood pressure, serum lactate, and a Nine Hole Peg Test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean heart rate to systolic blood pressure ratio was 0.89+/-0.21 in the ambulance vehicle compared to 1.01+/-0.21 in the flying helicopter (p=0.04) There were no significant differences in the secondary outcome parameters. Perceived exertion increased by resuscitation time in all groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  External chest compression CPR is possible in a flying helicopter as it is in a moving ambulance vehicle. There is no clinical relevant difference in physical strain during ALS between a flying helicopter and a moving ambulance car. As would be expected, the exertion increases with duration of CPR.
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Christof
authors: C
authors: Havel
authors: Harald
authors: H
authors: Herkner
authors: Moritz
authors: M
authors: Haugk
authors: Nina
authors: N
authors: Richling
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Riedmuller
authors: Helmut
authors: H
authors: Trimmel
authors: Reinhard
authors: R
authors: Malzer
authors: Fritz
authors: F
authors: Sterz
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Schreiber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D022561:Advanced Cardiac Life Support; D017732:Air Ambulances; D000552:Ambulances; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004634:Emergency Medical Technicians; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000628:therapy*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D005082:Physical Exertion; D013997:Time Factors