title: Seroepidemiology of human papillomavirus type 11 in the United States: results from the third National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, 1991--1994.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The national seroprevalence of the nononcogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) type 11, one of the types targeted by the quadrivalent HPV vaccine, has not been evaluated in the United States. The objectives of this study were to estimate the national seroprevalence and evaluate predictors of HPV-11 seropositivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested serum samples for HPV-11 antibodies and analyzed questionnaire data from the second phase of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III, 1991--1994. Seroprevalence estimates were weighted to represent the US population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  : Overall seroprevalence of HPV-11 infection was 4.7%. Seroprevalence was significantly higher among females (5.7%) than among males (3.6%). Independent predictors of HPV-11 seropositivity included sex, race/ethnicity, lifetime number of sex partners, education, and HPV-16 seropositivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study represents the most comprehensive picture of HPV-11 infection in the United States to date, and provides baseline data on the prevalence of HPV-11 before availability of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine.
authors: National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. shariri@cdc.gov
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Hariri
authors: Eileen F
authors: EF
authors: Dunne
authors: Maya
authors: M
authors: Sternberg
authors: Elizabeth R
authors: ER
authors: Unger
authors: Kristi S
authors: KS
authors: Meadows
authors: Kevin L
authors: KL
authors: Karem
authors: Lauri E
authors: LE
authors: Markowitz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D052140:Human papillomavirus 11 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D015229:Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology