title: The role of shear stress on ET-1, KLF2, and NOS-3 expression in the developing cardiovascular system of chicken embryos in a venous ligation model.
abstract: In this review, the role of wall shear stress in the chicken embryonic heart is analyzed to determine its effect on cardiac development through regulating gene expression. Therefore, background information is provided for fluid dynamics, normal chicken and human heart development, cardiac malformations, cardiac and vitelline blood flow, and a chicken model to induce cardiovascular anomalies. A set of endothelial shear stress-responsive genes coding for endothelin-1 (ET-1), lung Krüppel-like factor (LKLF/KLF2), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS/NOS-3) are active in development and are specifically addressed.
authors: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: Bianca C W
authors: BC
authors: Groenendijk
authors: Kim
authors: K
authors: Van der Heiden
authors: Beerend P
authors: BP
authors: Hierck
authors: Robert E
authors: RE
authors: Poelmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008026:Ligation; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014680:Veins / Q000196:embryology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III