title: Direct cost burden among insured US employees with migraine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide a current estimate of the national direct health-care cost burden of illness associated with migraine among a US insured population.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Individuals with migraine use health-care resources more than those without migraine, incurring substantial costs to US employers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Thomson Medstat's Commercial Claims and Encounters 2004 database was utilized for this study. Only paid claims were analyzed. The migraine cohort had a primary migraine diagnosis and/or a migraine-specific abortive drug prescription during 2004. A matched control cohort with no evidence of migraine was generated using propensity score techniques. Demographic characteristics and overall comorbidities were similar between cohorts. A second-stage regression controlled for any remaining significant intergroup differences. The burden of illness of migraine was defined as the difference in average total health-care expenditures per person between cohorts. The national burden of illness was defined as the average expenditure for migraine of national population estimates of privately insured individuals, and was estimated by projecting the migraine prevalence rate and average expenditure using Medical Expenditure Panel Survey population estimates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with migraine (n=215,209) had significantly higher average health-care expenditures compared with matched controls ($7007 vs $4436 per person per year; difference of $2571; P<.001). Migraine-associated national expenditure estimates: outpatient care, $5.21 billion; prescriptions, $4.61 billion; inpatient care, $0.73 billion; and emergency department care, $0.52 billion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The direct costs associated with patients with migraine were found to be $2571 per person per year higher than in matched nonmigraine controls. The projected national burden of migraine of $11.07 billion is substantially higher than previous estimates.
authors: IMS Health, Brooklyn, MI, USA.
authors: Kevin
authors: K
authors: Hawkins
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Marcia
authors: M
authors: Rupnow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017281:Cost of Illness; D017049:Employer Health Costs; D005260:Female; D005102:Health Expenditures; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000191:economics*; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States