title: Collaborative training with a more experienced partner: remediating low pretraining self-efficacy in complex skill acquisition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the effectiveness of collaborative training for individuals with low pretraining self-efficacy versus individuals with high pretraining self-efficacy regarding the acquisition of a complex skill that involved strong cognitive and psychomotor demands.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Despite support for collaborative learning from the educational literature and the similarities between collaborative learning and interventions designed to remediate low self-efficacy, no research has addressed how self-efficacy and collaborative learning interact in contexts concerning complex skills and human-machine interactions.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred fifty-five young male adults trained either individually or collaboratively with a more experienced partner on a complex computer task that simulated the demands of a dynamic aviation environment. Participants also completed a task-specific measure of self-efficacy before, during, and after training.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Collaborative training enhanced skill acquisition significantly more for individuals with low pretraining self-efficacy than for individuals with high pretraining self-efficacy. However, collaborative training did not bring the skill acquisition levels of those persons with low pretraining self-efficacy to the levels found for persons with high pretraining self-efficacy. Moreover, tests of mediation suggested that collaborative training may have enhanced appropriate skill development strategies without actually raising self-efficacy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although collaborative training can facilitate the skill acquisition process for trainees with low self-efficacy, future research is needed that examines how the negative effects of low pretraining self-efficacy on complex skill acquisition can be more fully remediated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The differential effects of collaborative training as a function of self-efficacy highlight the importance of person analysis and tailoring training to meet differing trainee needs.
authors: Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-2007, USA. eday@ou.edu
authors: Eric Anthony
authors: EA
authors: Day
authors: Paul R
authors: PR
authors: Boatman
authors: Vanessa
authors: V
authors: Kowollik
authors: Jazmine
authors: J
authors: Espejo
authors: Lauren E
authors: LE
authors: McEntire
authors: Rachel E
authors: RE
authors: Sherwin
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D009825:Oklahoma; D020377:Self Efficacy; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D018910:Video Games