title: NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxic neuronal apoptosis in vitro and in vivo occurs in an ER stress and PUMA independent manner.
abstract: Disruption of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ homeostasis and ER dysfunction have been suggested to contribute to excitotoxic and ischaemic neuronal injury. Previously, we have characterized the neural transcriptome following ER stress and identified the BH3-only protein, p53 up-regulated mediator of apoptosis (PUMA), as a central mediator of ER stress toxicity. In this study, we investigated the effects of excitotoxic injury on ER Ca2+ levels and induction of ER stress responses in models of glutamate- and NMDA-induced excitotoxic apoptosis. While exposure to the ER stressor tunicamycin induced an ER stress response in cerebellar granule neurons, transcriptional activation of targets of the ER stress response, including PUMA, were absent following glutamate-induced apoptosis. Confocal imaging revealed no long-term changes in the ER Ca2+ level in response to glutamate. Murine cortical neurons and organotypic hippocampal slice cultures from PUMA+/+ and PUMA-/- animals provided no evidence of ER stress and did not differ in their sensitivity to NMDA. Finally, NMDA-induced excitotoxic apoptosis in vivo was not associated with ER stress, nor did deficiency in PUMA alleviate the injury induced. Our data suggest that NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxic apoptosis occurs in vitro and in vivo in an ER stress and PUMA independent manner.
authors: Department of Physiology and Medical Physics and RCSI Neuroscience Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
authors: Caoimhín G
authors: CG
authors: Concannon
authors: Manus W
authors: MW
authors: Ward
authors: Helena P
authors: HP
authors: Bonner
authors: Katsura
authors: K
authors: Kuroki
authors: Liam P
authors: LP
authors: Tuffy
authors: Caroline T
authors: CT
authors: Bonner
authors: Ina
authors: I
authors: Woods
authors: Tobias
authors: T
authors: Engel
authors: David C
authors: DC
authors: Henshall
authors: Jochen H M
authors: JH
authors: Prehn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014415:Tunicamycin / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D009498:Neurotoxins; C488588:PUMA protein, mouse; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D014415:Tunicamycin; D018698:Glutamic Acid