title: Hematopoietic prostaglandin D2 synthase controls the onset and resolution of acute inflammation through PGD2 and 15-deoxyDelta12 14 PGJ2.
abstract: Hematopoietic prostaglandin D(2) synthase (hPGD(2)S) metabolizes cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived PGH(2) to PGD(2) and 15-deoxyDelta(12-14) PGJ(2) (15d-PGJ(2)). Unlike COX, the role of hPGD(2)S in host defense is ambiguous. PGD(2) can be either pro- or antiinflammatory depending on disease etiology, whereas the existence of 15d-PGJ(2) and its relevance to pathophysiology remain controversial. Herein, studies on hPGD(2)S KO mice reveal that 15d-PGJ(2) is synthesized in a self-resolving peritonitis, detected by using liquid chromatography-tandem MS. Together with PGD(2) working on its DP1 receptor, 15d-PGJ(2) controls the balance of pro- vs. antiinflammatory cytokines that regulate leukocyte influx and monocyte-derived macrophage efflux from the inflamed peritoneal cavity to draining lymph nodes leading to resolution. Specifically, inflammation in hPGD(2)S KOs is more severe during the onset phase arising from a substantial cytokine imbalance resulting in enhanced polymorphonuclear leukocyte and monocyte trafficking. Moreover, resolution is impaired, characterized by macrophage and surprisingly lymphocyte accumulation. Data from this work place hPGD(2)S at the center of controlling the onset and the resolution of acute inflammation where it acts as a crucial checkpoint controller of cytokine/chemokine synthesis as well as leukocyte influx and efflux. Here, we provide definitive proof that 15d-PGJ(2) is synthesized during mammalian inflammatory responses, and we highlight DP1 receptor activation as a potential antiinflammatory strategy.
authors: Department of Experimental Medicine, Nephrology, and Critical Care, William Harvey Research Institute, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom.
authors: Ravindra
authors: R
authors: Rajakariar
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Hilliard
authors: Toby
authors: T
authors: Lawrence
authors: Seema
authors: S
authors: Trivedi
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Colville-Nash
authors: Geoff
authors: G
authors: Bellingan
authors: Desmond
authors: D
authors: Fitzgerald
authors: Muhammad M
authors: MM
authors: Yaqoob
authors: Derek W
authors: DW
authors: Gilroy
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015195:Drug Design; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000378:metabolism; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000201:enzymology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007249:Inflammation; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C097240:15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015777:Eicosanoids; D054834:Lipocalins; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C022466:prostaglandin R2 D-isomerase; D015230:Prostaglandin D2