title: Biological activities from extracts of endophytic fungi isolated from Viguiera arenaria and Tithonia diversifolia.
abstract: A total of 39 endophytic fungi have been isolated from Viguiera arenaria and Tithonia diversifolia, both collected in São Paulo State, Brazil. The isolates were identified based on their ribosomal DNA sequences. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts of all endophytic fungi were evaluated for their antimicrobial, antiparasitic and antitumoral activity. Antimicrobial screening was conducted using an agar diffusion assay against three pathogenic microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. Antiparasitic activity was determined by enzymatic inhibition of gGAPDH of Trypanosoma cruzi and adenine phosphorybosiltransferase (APRT) of Leishmania tarentolae. Antitumoral activity was tested against human T leukemia cells by the Mosmann colorimetric method. All extracts showed activity in at least one assay: 79.5% of the extracts were cytotoxic against leukemia cells, 5.1% of the extracts were active against S. aureus, 25.6% against E. coli and 64.1% against Candida albicans. Only one extract showed promising results in the inhibition of parasitic enzymes gGAPDH (95.0%) and three were found to inhibit APRT activity. The cytotoxic extract produced by the strain VA1 (Glomerella cingulata) was fractionated and yielded nectriapyrone and tyrosol. Nectriapyrone showed relevant cytotoxic activity against both human T leukemia and melanoma tumor cell lines.
authors: Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors: Denise O
authors: DO
authors: Guimarães
authors: Warley S
authors: WS
authors: Borges
authors: Cristina Y
authors: CY
authors: Kawano
authors: Patrícia H
authors: PH
authors: Ribeiro
authors: Gustavo H
authors: GH
authors: Goldman
authors: Auro
authors: A
authors: Nomizo
authors: Otávio H
authors: OH
authors: Thiemann
authors: Glaucius
authors: G
authors: Oliva
authors: Norberto P
authors: NP
authors: Lopes
authors: Mônica T
authors: MT
authors: Pupo
mesh_terms: D000228:Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D001938:Brazil; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D024581:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating) / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D007891:Leishmania / Q000201:enzymology; D008545:Melanoma; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; C011867:4-hydroxyphenylethanol; D024581:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating); D000228:Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol