title: L-arginine reduces cell proliferation and ornithine decarboxylase activity in patients with colorectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evidence suggests that the majority of colorectal carcinomas arise from adenomas, and L-arginine suppresses colorectal tumorigenesis. We suppose that L-arginine may inhibit the process of carcinogenesis from colorectal adenoma to adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of L-arginine on the formation and development of colorectal tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected 60 patients with colorectal cancer and 60 patients with colorectal adenoma (CRA) and divided them into four groups of 30 patients each. We gave 30 g (120 mL) of L-arginine everyday for 3 days to the test groups, whereas L-arginine was substituted by 5% glucose in the control groups. The expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen, survivin, and nitric oxide synthase was examined immunohistochemically, and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity was examined spectrophotometrically. Serum nitric oxide (NO) was detected by the Griess assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with CRA, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen and survivin labeling indexes and ODC activity of the tumor and paratumor mucosa in the L-arginine-treated group after L-arginine treatment were significantly lower as compared with the corresponding pretreatment values (P < 0.01). Moreover, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the tumor markedly increased after L-arginine treatment (P < 0.05). Serum NO levels in the patients with colorectal cancer were markedly higher than those in the patients with CRA, and L-arginine treatment was responsible for this increase (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that L-arginine can restrain crypt cell hyperproliferation and the expression of survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein. This suggests that L-arginine can block the formation and development of colorectal tumors, and this effect might be related to the increased serum NO concentration and decreased ODC activity.
authors: Departments of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China. qyma56@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
authors: Qingyong
authors: Q
authors: Ma
authors: Yunjian
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Xiaopeng
authors: X
authors: Gao
authors: Zhenhua
authors: Z
authors: Ma
authors: Zhengjun
authors: Z
authors: Song
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D000236:Adenoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D001120:Arginine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase / Q000187:drug effects*; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000187:drug effects; D000077022:Survivin
chemical_list: C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D000077022:Survivin; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase