title: Digital fecal occult blood testing in the ambulatory urology clinic.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was designed to evaluate the use and yield of fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) in an ambulatory urology clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients seen in the ambulatory urology clinic were prospectively evaluated with FOBT. The test was performed only on patients when a rectal examination was indicated as part of their urologic evaluation. Patients who were found to have a positive FOBT were then referred for additional gastrointestinal evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred eight patients were evaluated, including 57 men and 51 women. Eight patients (7%), including six men and two women, were found to be positive for fecal occult blood. Two patients were found to have upper gastrointestinal sources of bleeding (one gastritis with Barrett's esophagitis and one with a duodenal ulcer). Two patients had benign lower gastrointestinal sources of bleeding, including one with hyperplastic polyps and one with a tubular adenoma. One patient was diagnosed with a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon. One had negative followup fecal occult blood test, and two were lost to followup.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Addition of FOBT to routine digital rectal examination performed in the ambulatory urology clinic is an inexpensive and simple test that can detect otherwise asymptomatic underlying gastrointestinal pathology. Although the six-sample test is a preferred test for colorectal cancer screening, a digital FOBT during routine urologic evaluation can detect a clinically significant upper or lower gastrointestinal lesion, at the same time increase compliance with FOBT. Larger, prospective studies are needed to confirm the benefit of digital FOBT during a routine urologic visit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
authors.forename: Manlio A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Goetzl
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Outman
authors.forename: Tomas L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Griebling
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Holzbeierlein
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Weigel
authors.forename: J Brantley
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Thrasher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D051517:Digital Rectal Examination / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009780:Occult Blood; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; D010808:Physical Examination; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012007:Rectum; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014573:Urology Department, Hospital