title: The influence of process parameters on the characteristics of polyhydroxyalkanoates produced by mixed cultures.
abstract: The characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) produced by mixed cultures is fundamental for foreseeing the possible final applications of the polymer. In this study PHA produced under aerobic dynamic feeding (ADF) conditions are characterized. The PHA produced shows a stable average molecular weight ([symbol: see text]) in the range (1.0-3.0) x 10(6), along three years of reactor operation. Attempts to improve the amount of PHA produced did not introduce significant variations on the values [symbol: see text]. Along this period, the polydispersity indices (PDI) were between 1.3 and 2.2. The use of different carbon sources allowed the tailoring of polymer composition: homopolymers of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB), were obtained with acetate and butyrate, whereas a mixture of acetate and propionate, and propionate and valerate, gave terpolymers of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV), and 2-methyl-3-hydroxyvalerate (2M3HV). All of these PHA had [symbol: see text] between 2.0 x 10(6) and 3.0 x 10(6). Thermal characterization of the produced polymers showed values of glass transition temperature, melting temperature, melting enthalpy, and crystallinity slightly lower than those obtained for PHA from pure cultures. The introduction of a purification step during the polymer extraction process allowed the elimination of possible contaminants but did not significantly improve the polymer quality.
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE/CQFB, Chemistry Department, FCT/Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
authors.forename: Luísa S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Serafim
authors.forename: Paulo C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.forename: Cristiana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Maria A M
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ramos
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000737:chemistry; D001395:Azotobacter / Q000378:metabolism; D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods; D019117:Burkholderia / Q000378:metabolism; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D003460:Crystallization; D005898:Glass; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000379:methods*; D008828:Microbiological Techniques; D008970:Molecular Weight; D054813:Polyhydroxyalkanoates / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D043367:Ralstonia / Q000378:metabolism; D044366:Transition Temperature
chemical_list: D054813:Polyhydroxyalkanoates; D011108:Polymers; D002244:Carbon; D000641:Ammonia