title: [Current pharmacotherapies and immunotherapy in cocaine addiction].
abstract: Cocaine is more and more used and abused in France. Cocaine dependence is quite serious and is associated with numerous adverse health consequences. No effective pharmacotherapy for cocaine dependence is yet available. Recent advances in neurobiology, brain imaging and some clinical trials suggest that certain medications that modulate GABAergic, dopaminergic, and glutamatergic systems, as well as immunotherapy, show promise in the treatment of cocaine addiction. Recent controlled clinical studies have tested some of these drugs, which act on the various neurobiological circuits modified by cocaine exposure and clinically improve patients' symptoms. Pharmacological agents such as modafinil, GABAergic agents (baclofen, topiramate, tiagabin, and vigabatrin), disulfiram, aripiprazole, N-acetylcysteine and cocaine vaccine seem very promising in the treatment of cocaine dependence. However, this must be confirmed in larger patient populations.
authors.affiliation: Université Paris-Sud, F-94276 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France. laurent.karila@pbr.aphp.fr
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Karila
authors.forename: Aviv
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weinstein
authors.forename: Amine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benyamina
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coscas
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leroy
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Noble
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lowenstein
authors.forename: Henri-Jean
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Aubin
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lépine
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reynaud
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003042:Cocaine / Q000276:immunology; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D018755:GABA Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D000077408:Modafinil
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D018755:GABA Agonists; D003042:Cocaine; D000077408:Modafinil
vernacular_title: Pharmacothérapies actuelles et immunothérapie dans l'addiction à la cocaïne.