title: Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase-2 induces apoptosis in human diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.
abstract: Cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitors have the potential to induce growth arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. The genes encoding cdks involved in G1-S progression are often amplified in B-cell malignancies, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Here, we evaluated the in vitro cytotoxic activity of the cdk2 inhibitor CVT-313 against several human DLBCL cells. Treatment of DLBCL cells with CVT-313 resulted in apoptosis. CVT-313 treatment reduced cdk2-mediated phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma gene product (Rb) on T821, but did not affect cyclin D-cdk4/6-mediated Rb phosphorylation on S807/811. Depletion of endogenous cdk2 by short interfering (si)RNA also resulted in apoptosis in human LY3, LY8 and LY18 DLBCL cells. Importantly, inhibition of cdk2 with CVT-313 or knockdown of endogenous cdk2 with siRNA resulted in down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic factor Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1), suggesting that decreased levels of cellular Mcl-1 contribute to apoptosis. In support of this, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Mcl-1 was sufficient to induce apoptosis in LY3 and LY18 DLBCL. Further, cdk2 inhibition led to decreased Mcl-1 mRNA levels, which was proceeded by reduced phosphorylation of serine 2 on the carboxyl terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II. Taken together, these data suggest that cdk2 activity is necessary for the survival of human DLBCL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA. faberan@bc.edu
authors.forename: Anthony C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Faber
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chiles
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006801:Humans; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000473:pathology*; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010766:Phosphorylation; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D011687:Purines / Q000494:pharmacology; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D011687:Purines; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C495894:CDK2 protein, human; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; C109140:CVT 313