title: Cerebrospinal fluid cutaneous fistula after epidural analgesia in a child.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cerebrospinal fluid cutaneous fistulae are rare complications of neuraxial needle procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present the first reported case of a persistent cerebrospinal fluid cutaneous fistula in a child who underwent epidural analgesia. Careful assessment and circumspect treatment of this cerebrospinal fluid cutaneous fistula led to an excellent outcome in this child.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assessment can be challenging in young children, and guidelines for management are absent. Technical issues in treatment are discussed in addition to pitfalls in diagnosis in young children.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pain Management, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Liana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hosu
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Goldschneider
mesh_terms: D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017217:Blood Patch, Epidural; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017577:Cutaneous Fistula / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016896:Treatment Outcome