title: Water column monitoring near oil installations in the North Sea 2001-2004.
abstract: Fisheries have been vital to coastal communities around the North Sea for centuries, but this semi-enclosed sea also receives large amounts of waste. It is therefore important to monitor and control inputs of contaminants into the North Sea. Inputs of effluents from offshore oil and gas production platforms (produced water) in the Norwegian sector have been monitored through an integrated chemical and biological effects programme since 2001. The programme has used caged Atlantic cod and blue mussels. PAH tissue residues in blue mussels and PAH bile metabolites in cod have confirmed exposure to effluents, but there was variation between years. Results for a range of biological effects methods reflected exposure gradients and indicated that exposure levels were low and caused minor environmental impact at the deployment locations. There is a need to develop methods that are sufficiently sensitive to components in produced water at levels found in marine ecosystems.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway. ketilhy@bio.uio.no
authors.forename: Ketil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hylland
authors.forename: Knut-Erik
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Tollefsen
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruus
authors.forename: Grete
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jonsson
authors.forename: Rolf C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Sundt
authors.forename: Steinar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sanni
authors.forename: Toril Inga
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Røe Utvik
authors.forename: Ståle
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Johnsen
authors.forename: Ingunn
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nilssen
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pinturier
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Balk
authors.forename: Janina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barsiene
authors.forename: Ionan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marigòmez
authors.forename: Stephen W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Feist
authors.forename: Jan Fredrik
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Børseth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005843:Geography; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007221:Industry; D049880:Mytilus edulis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009659:North Sea; D009821:Oils; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D009821:Oils; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical