title: Achieving positive protein balance in the immediate postoperative period in neonates undergoing abdominal surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether neonates undergoing major abdominal surgical procedures in the first day of life could achieve a positive protein balance without protein toxicity in the immediate perioperative period by using parenteral amino acids and fentanyl analgesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Newborns undergoing major surgery for gastroschisis in the first 24 hours of life (n = 13) were alternately allocated to immediate postoperative parenteral administration of 1.5 g/kg(-1)/day(-1) versus 2.5 g/kg(-1)/day(-1) amino acids. Protein balance was determined at 1.6 to 2.6 days postoperatively with both nitrogen balance and leucine stable isotope methodology. Statistical analyses were conducted with the unpaired t test and linear regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Protein balance was significantly different in the 2 groups with both nitrogen balance and leucine stable isotope methodology. There was no evidence of protein toxicity as determined with blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and ammonia concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neonates undergoing the metabolic stress of abdominal surgery shortly after birth are able to achieve a net positive protein balance with parenteral amino acid administration without evidence of protein intolerance.
authors.affiliation: Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA. regina.reynolds@uchsc.edu
authors.forename: Regina M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Kathryn D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Bass
authors.forename: Patti J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Thureen
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000601:surgery*; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total / Q000379:methods; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D000641:Ammonia; D003404:Creatinine; D005283:Fentanyl