title: Association between inflammatory gene polymorphisms and coronary artery disease in an Indian population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammation is one of the major components of atherosclerosis which is the underlying disorder that leads to various diseases including coronary artery disease (CAD). Genes that are involved in the inflammatory processes are therefore good candidates for the risk of CAD. Variations in the genes involved in various molecular pathways of inflammation have been implicated to exaggerated atherosclerosis and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we performed a genetic association study on the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) present in the genes CD14 (-159 C/T), TNFalpha (-308 G/A), IL-1alpha (-889 C/T), IL-6 (-174 G/C), PSMA6 (-8 C/G), and PDE4D (SNP83 T/C, respectively) in order to discern their possible role in the susceptibility to CAD in a North Indian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Angiographically proven CAD patients (n = 210) and age, sex and ethnically matched normal healthy controls (n = 232) were recruited for this case-control study. Genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP method. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were performed to compare the genotype and allele frequencies between the patient and the control groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the SNPs showed significant association with CAD in the study population before and after adjustment for the confounding risk factors like age, sex, hypertension, smoking habit, and diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study was unable to demonstrate any association between the six gene variants tested and CAD in the North Indian population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208016, India.
authors.forename: Indranil
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Umeshwar
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: Omer M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: Rashmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parihar
authors.forename: Vijaya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: Subramaniam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ganesh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3 / Q000235:genetics; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000235:genetics; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C508600:IL6 protein, human; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D015850:Interleukin-6; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; C517376:PDE4D protein, human; C465641:PSMA6 protein, human; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex