title: Platelet nitric oxide production and IR: relation with obesity and hypertriglyceridemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Three NOS isoforms are responsible for nitric oxide production in various tissues. Endothelial constitutive NOS is expressed in vascular endothelium and in platelets, contributing to vascular tone regulation and platelet aggregation. The aim of the present work was to examine eNOS polymorphism, to find a correlation with platelet NO production and degree of insulin resistance (IR) in non-diabetic subjects and in patients affected by type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-one non-diabetic subjects and 37 patients affected by Type 2 diabetes were recruited. The subjects were subdivided into 3 groups as cut-off for the definition of an insulin resistant state: IR non-diabetic subjects, insulin sensitive subjects, and insulin-resistant patients affected by Type 2 diabetes. Plasma glyco-metabolic parameters, platelet nitric oxide production, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene polymorphism were measured in all subjects enrolled. Significant differences between groups were found in BMI, fasting glycaemia, fructosamine and HbA(1c), triglycerides and HDL cholesterol levels. Evaluating all the subjects, platelet NO production was significantly related with BMI, waist circumference, and triglycerides concentrations, thus suggesting an association between increased platelet NO production, obesity and hypertriglyceridemia, independent of the degree of insulin-resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The modified platelet NO synthesis does not seem to be due to eNOS Glu298Asp polymorphism, while it can be hypothesized that it is caused by an iNOS induction, present in obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and in type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Polytechnical University of Marche, Via P. Ranieri 65, 60131 Ancona, Italy. vignini2@libero.it
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vignini
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nanetti
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moroni
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Testa
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sirolla
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marra
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cenerelli
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gregori
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fumelli
authors.forename: Fabiola
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Olivieri
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mazzanti
authors.forename: Rosa Anna
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rabini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000502:physiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III