title: YKL-40 protein expression is not a prognostic marker in patients with primary breast cancer.
abstract: YKL-40 is a new biomarker in serum with a prognostic value in several localized and metastatic malignancies. The current knowledge regarding the biological functions of YKL-40 in cancer links YKL-40 to increased aggressiveness of the tumor. Utilizing tissue microarrays, YKL-40 protein expression in tumor tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 630 high-risk breast cancer patients with a median estimated potential follow-up time of 10 and 13 years for disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS), respectively. YKL-40 protein expression was found in malignant tumor cells and in inflammatory cells. High expression was associated with positive estrogen and progesterone receptor status and high tumor differentiation. Contrary to studies on serum YKL-40 as a prognostic biomarker, a high YKL-40 expression in tumor cells was not significantly associated with DSF and OS in univariate and multivariate analyses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Herlev University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. anne.roslind@dadlnet.dk
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roslind
authors.forename: Ann S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Knoop
authors.forename: Maj-Britt
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Julia S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Johansen
authors.forename: Dorte L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Balslev
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D037102:Lectins; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C084533:CHI3L1 protein, human; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1; D006023:Glycoproteins; D037102:Lectins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone