title: CpG-ODN inhibits airway inflammation at effector phase through down-regulation of antigen-specific Th2-cell migration into lung.
abstract: Allergic airway inflammation is one of the most typical characteristic features of bronchial asthma. T(h)2 cells, which produce IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, are well known as major effector lymphocytes of the inflammation. In the present work, we found that subcutaneous injection of Toll-like receptor-9-ligand, CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN), remarkably suppressed eosinophilia and mucus hyper-production in T(h)2 cell-dependent airway inflammation model at the effector phase. The injection of CpG-ODN significantly blocked T(h)2 cell migration into lung. The inhibitory effects of CpG-ODN were observed even when IFN-gamma-deficient T(h)2 cells were transferred into IFN-gamma(-/-) mice. In contrast, the administration of neutralizing mAbs against type I cytokines such as IFN-alpha, IFN-beta and IL-12 significantly suppressed the inhibitory effect of CpG-ODN on airway inflammation and T(h)2 cell migration into the lung. We further demonstrated that the production of T(h)2 chemokines, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), was significantly reduced by the CpG-ODN. The reduction of both TARC and MDC was also inhibited by the blockade of IFN-alpha, IFN-beta and IL-12 with mAbs. Thus, we revealed here that IFN-alpha, IFN-beta and IL-12, but not IFN-gamma, were required for the inhibitory effect of CpG-ODN in T(h)2 cell-mediated allergic airway inflammation. The present evidence strongly suggest that induction of type I cytokines would be promising therapeutic targets in T(h)2-dependent allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunoregulation, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ashino
authors.forename: Daiko
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wakita
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chamoto
authors.forename: Hidemitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishimura
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology*; D018899:CpG Islands; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000378:metabolism; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000941:Antigens; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D018664:Interleukin-12; D016899:Interferon-beta