title: Variations in bacterial communities in laboratory-scale and big bale silos assessed by fermentation products, colony counts and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the variation in bacterial communities in laboratory-scale and big bale silos.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Wilted Italian ryegrass (628 g dry matter kg(-1)) was ensiled in vacuum-packed plastic pouches and big bales. Silos were opened after 3 months, and the fermentation products, colony counts and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles were determined. Eight samples were collected separately from a big bale, while one representative sample was taken from a plastic pouch. Significant variation was found between big bales in dry matter, ethanol, lactic acid, acetic acid and ammonia-N contents. No differences were shown between plastic pouches and big bales, except that more ethanol was produced in the former air-tight silos. Plastic pouches could resemble a specific silo and outer sampling sites of big bales based on fermentation products and DGGE profiles respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considerable variation in fermentation products may exist between big bale silos. Plastic pouches can serve as a model of big bale silos, although they do not provide information on the heterogeneity within and between bales.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assessment of bacterial communities associated with ensiling can differ according to the criteria of fermentation products, colony counts and DGGE profiles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan. j1oufeed@cc.okayama-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Naoki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yuji
mesh_terms: D001407:Bacillus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D017753:Ecosystem; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005285:Fermentation; D014644:Genetic Variation; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008129:Lolium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D012820:Silage / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid