title: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors mediate host cell proinflammatory responses to Pseudomonas aeruginosa autoinducer.
abstract: The pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa utilizes the 3-oxododecanoyl homoserine lactone (3OC(12)-HSL) autoinducer as a signaling molecule to coordinate the expression of virulence genes through quorum sensing. 3OC(12)-HSL also affects responses in host cells, including the upregulation of genes encoding inflammatory cytokines. This proinflammatory response may exacerbate underlying disease during P. aeruginosa infections. The specific mechanism(s) through which 3OC(12)-HSL influences host responses is unclear, and no mammalian receptors for 3OC(12)-HSL have been identified to date. Here, we report that 3OC(12)-HSL increases mRNA levels for a common panel of proinflammatory genes in murine fibroblasts and human lung epithelial cells. To identify putative 3OC(12)-HSL receptors, we examined the expression patterns of a panel of nuclear hormone receptors in these two cell lines and determined that both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta (PPARbeta/delta) and PPARgamma were expressed. 3OC(12)-HSL functioned as an agonist of PPARbeta/delta transcriptional activity and an antagonist of PPARgamma transcriptional activity and inhibited the DNA binding ability of PPARgamma. The proinflammatory effect of 3OC(12)-HSL in lung epithelial cells was blocked by the PPARgamma agonist rosiglitazone, suggesting that 3OC(12)-HSL and rosiglitazone are mutually antagonistic negative and positive regulators of PPARgamma activity, respectively. These data identify PPARbeta/delta and PPARgamma as putative mammalian 3OC(12)-HSL receptors and suggest that PPARgamma agonists may be employed as anti-inflammatory therapeutics for P. aeruginosa infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St., Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
authors.forename: Aruna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jahoor
authors.forename: Rashila
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Do
authors.forename: Jay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krier
authors.forename: Chase
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Watters
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wahli
authors.forename: Guigen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Simon C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Kendra P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Rumbaugh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D006714:Homoserine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D048068:PPAR-beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007783:Lactones; D047495:PPAR gamma; D048068:PPAR-beta; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; C085113:Pseudomonas aeruginosa autoinducer; D006714:Homoserine; D004247:DNA