title: Heterotopic pancreas of the gallbladder associated with chronic cholecystitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The presentation of heterotopic pancreas with cholecystolithiasis is exceedingly rare. Very few cases have been reported in the literature. The clinical significance so far is unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a case of a 20-year-old female, suffering with biliary colic. On clinical examination abdomen was unremarkable. Ultrasonographic examination shows suspicion of a single stone in the gallbladder. Her liver functions were slightly abnormal. MRCP did not show any abnormality in the gallbladder and the common bile duct was of normal caliber. She underwent a successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy and her symptoms resolved. Pathological examination of the gallbladder revealed an area of heterotopic pancreas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The preoperative diagnosis of heterotopic pancreas in the gallbladder is difficult. The significance of incidental finding of heterotopic pancreas in unclear and requires a systematic review of the subject.
authors.affiliation: Barnsley General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Barnsley, Yorkshire, United Kingdom. mhshiwani@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Muhammad Hanif
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Shiwani
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gosling
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002828:Choristoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005705:Gallbladder Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D010179:Pancreas