title: Cartilage damage determines intermediate outcome in the late multiple ligament and posterolateral corner-reconstructed knee: a 5- to 10-year follow-up study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with chronic ruptures of 1 or both cruciate ligaments in combination with posterolateral rotatory instability of the knee often have some degree of cartilage damage at the time of surgery.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Chondrosis at the time of reconstruction does not influence early and intermediate functional outcome of the multiple ligament reconstructed knee.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series; Level of evidence, 4.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one patients were available from an original 27 treated between 1995 and 2000. All patients were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively by physical examination and by applying 4 different knee rating scores. All patients were assessed at a mean follow-up of 39 months (range, 14-75 months) and 87 months (range, 62-123 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the first follow-up, all knee rating scores had improved significantly (P < .0003) compared with preoperatively; 84% of the reconstructed knees had normal to nearly normal laxities according to the International Knee Documentation Committee 2000 score. At the second follow-up, the functional scores remained significantly (P < .0089) better than preoperatively. Patients with chondrosis at the time of surgery did not have significantly different knee rating scores at the first follow-up compared with patients without cartilage damage. Four years later, the results in the chondrosis group were significantly worse (P < .05) for all knee rating scores compared with the patients without chondrosis. The results in 3 of 4 knee rating scores declined significantly in the chondrosis group over the 48-month interval between follow-up sessions. In the Tegner and Lysholm score, the results deteriorated to the preoperative level. Patients with different cruciate ligament reconstructions did not have significantly different knee rating scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The posterolateral sling procedure is a stable and reliable technique for posterolateral corner reconstruction. The presence of chondrosis at the time of surgery is an important prognosticator of functional outcome at intermediate follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Catholic University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium. kristoff.corten@uz.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: Kristoff
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Corten
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bellemans
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000601:surgery*; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000601:surgery; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010147:Pain Measurement; D016119:Posterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D011859:Radiography; D013710:Tendons / Q000637:transplantation