The emerging role of innate immunity in protection against HIV-1 infection.
Preventive immunization against HIV-1 infection requires a rapid immune response that does not rely exclusively on B or T cell memory. Innate immunity may fulfill this function as it may be activated directly at the time of HIV-1 transmission, inhibit early HIV-1 replication, stimulate adaptive immunity and enable specific antibodies followed by CD8(+) T cells to deal with the virus effectively. The three components of innate immunity - cellular, extracellular and intracellular - are presented, with an example given for each of these components; gammadelta T cells, CC chemokines and APOBEC3G. This brief account is presented to highlight the immuno-virological concept of coordinating activated innate immunity with adaptive antibody and T cell responses in preventive vaccination against HIV-1 infection.
Lehner
T
T
Kings College London at Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, England, United Kingdom. thomas.lehner@kcl.ac.uk
Wang
Y
Y
Pido-Lopez
J
J
Whittall
T
T
Bergmeier
L A
LA
Babaahmady
K
K
D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000276:immunology; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000276:immunology; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination
D019742:Chemokines, CC; D007370:Interferon Type I; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; C464924:APOBEC3G protein, human; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase