title: Carbohydrate antigen 19.9 accurately selects patients for laparoscopic assessment to determine resectability of pancreatic malignancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopy with laparoscopic ultrasonography (L-LUS) may be useful in the selection of patients for surgery to resect peripancreatic malignancy in addition to contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT). The present prospective study assessed the strategy of using carbohydrate antigen 19.9 (CA19.9) levels to select patients for L-LUS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with suspected peripancreatic malignancy that appeared resectable on CE-CT were selected for immediate surgery if CA19.9 was low (up to 150 kU/l, or up to 300 kU/l if serum bilirubin was above 35 micromol/l), or to L-LUS if CA19.9 was high (over 150 kU/l, or over 300 kU/l if serum bilirubin was above 35 micromol/l). Data were assessed to determine the clinical utility of this strategy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 94 patients went straight to surgery, of whom 65 proved resectable: 63 of 80 with a low CA19.9 level but only two of 14 with a high CA19.9 level and gastric outlet obstruction. From 55 patients with high CA19.9 levels, L-LUS correctly identified 26 of 31 resectable tumours and eight of 24 unresectable tumours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using CA19.9 levels to help select patients with pancreatic malignancy for immediate surgery or L-LUS for further assessment of resectability effectively increased resection rates and reduced unnecessary laparotomies.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery and Oncology, School of Cancer Studies, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Halloran
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ghaneh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Connor
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Neoptolemos
authors.forename: M G T
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Raraty
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D018579:Patient Selection; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen