Larvicidal activity of some Euphorbiaceae plant extracts against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae).
Larvicidal activity of ethyl acetate, butanol, and petroleum ether extracts of five species of Euphorbiaceae plants, Jatropha curcas, Pedilanthus tithymaloides, Phyllanthus amarus, Euphorbia hirta, and Euphorbia tirucalli, were tested against the early fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti L. and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). The larval mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure. All extracts showed low larvicidal effects; however, the highest larval mortality was found in petroleum ether extract. The LC50 value of petroleum ether extracts of J. curcas, P. tithymaloides, P. amarus, E. hirta, and E. tirucalli were 8.79, 55.26, 90.92, 272.36, and 4.25 ppm, respectively, against A. aegypti and 11.34, 76.61, 113.40, 424.94, and 5.52 ppm, respectively, against C quinquefasciatus. Of the various ratios tested, the petroleum ether extracts of J. curcas and E. tirucalli were observed to be more efficient than the other plant extracts. It is, therefore, suggested that E. tirucalli can be applied as an ideal potential larvicide against A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus. This is an ideal ecofriendly approach for the control of the dengue vector, A. aegypti, and the lymphatic filariasis vector, C. quinquefasciatus.
Rahuman
A Abdul
AA
Unit of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632 509, India. abdulrahuman6@hotmail.com
Gopalakrishnan
Geetha
G
Venkatesan
P
P
Geetha
Kannappan
K
D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D000818:Animals; D003465:Culex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D028481:Euphorbia / Q000737:chemistry; D019665:Euphorbiaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology; D031286:Jatropha / Q000737:chemistry; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods*; D029803:Phyllanthus / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry
D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts