title: Is C-reactive protein a prognostic factor of colorectal cancer?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  C-reactive protein, a commonly used inflammation marker, has been reported to be a prognostic factor of colorectal cancer. This prospective study was designed to confirm the prognostic value of its preoperative levels and to observe their perioperative change.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2001 and September 2005, preoperative C-reactive protein levels were obtained for 212 consecutive patients (140 males) receiving elective open resection of colorectal cancer. A level higher than 0.5 mg/dl was defined as positive. They were analyzed against clinicopathologic factors. The survival of 158 curative resections was analyzed. Postoperative levels (at months 1, 3, and 6) were collected for analysis of changing trend, from the patients receiving curative surgeries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median value of preoperative C-reactive protein was 0.54 mg/dl (48.6 percent positive). Positive rate was significantly correlated with ulcerative type, larger size, higher stage, and positive carcinoembryonic antigen (>5 ng/ml). In both univariate log-rank test and multiple Cox proportional hazards regression, stage (univariate P = 0.011, and multivariate P = 0.016; hazard ratio, 6.23; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.41-27.54), C-reactive protein (0.5 mg/dl; P = 0.005, and P = 0.016; hazard ratio: 6.51; 95 percent confidence interval: 1.41-30.05), and differentiation (P = 0.006, and P = 0.043; hazard ratio, 3.53; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.04-11.98) were significant factors. Analysis of disease-free interval showed C-reactive protein was significant (P = 0.03): as level rose, prognosis worsened. The quiescent inflammation-response group (< or =0.1 mg/dl) had excellent outcomes. Postoperatively, the C-reactive protein levels declined at the third postoperative month.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative C-reactive protein is an independent prognostic factor. The levels declined postoperatively, although with a lag. These findings seem to support the response hypothesis regarding C-reactive protein.
authors.affiliation: Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei-Veterans General Hospital, No 201, Sec 2, Shih-Pai Rd, 11217 Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Shiu
authors.forename: Jen-Kou
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chi-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jeng-Kai
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Ling-Wei
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Huei-Chen
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shung-Haur
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002097:C-Reactive Protein