title: Why pediatric health care providers are not using homeopathic antidiarrheal agents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several randomized, controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of homeopathic agents for use in childhood diarrhea. However, this therapeutic innovation is not being routinely adopted. We chose to study the degree of adoption as well as the perceived reasons for failure to adopt homeopathic antidiarrheal agents by pediatric health care providers. Additionally, we sought to determine if these agents are likely to be adopted in the future.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a self-administered survey, including a standardized scale of innovativeness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects for this study were pediatric health care providers, and interventions consisted of abstracted results of two randomized, controlled, double-blinded studies reporting on the efficacy of homeopathic antidiarrheal agents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outcome measures consisted of reports of the current treatment approach to childhood diarrhea, innovativeness, perceptions homeopathic antidiarrheal agent efficacy, and barriers to use, before and after reading the abstracts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We obtained a 61% response rate. Only 3% of surveyed respondents use homeopathic antidiarrheal agents. Lack of experiential knowledge, awareness, concerns of effectiveness, and safety were the greatest barriers to adoption. More respondents felt that homeopathic antidiarrheal agents were efficacious after reading supportive abstracts, but this did not increase their willingness to use these agents. Adoption did not correlate with individual innovativeness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of homeopathic antidiarrheal agents for childhood diarrhea is a minimally adopted innovation. Lack of correlation between adoption and individual innovativeness may suggest that this innovation is unlikely to be adopted in the future without intervention. Current barriers to adoption reveal that a stronger evidence base, and efforts to increase awareness and experiential knowledge, would be necessary to increase adoption. The results reported in this paper are discussed in the context of current theories on knowledge translation in medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Eastern Tennessee Children's Hospital, Knoxville, TN 37901, USA. epappano@aol.com
authors.forename: Dante
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pappano
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Conners
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McIntosh
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Humiston
authors.forename: Domenick
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000930:Antidiarrheals / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006705:Homeopathy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000930:Antidiarrheals