Minichromosome maintenance proteins interact with checkpoint and recombination proteins to promote s-phase genome stability.
The minichromosome maintenance (MCM) complex plays essential, conserved roles throughout DNA synthesis: first, as a component of the prereplication complex at origins and, then, as a helicase associated with replication forks. Here we use fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) as a model to demonstrate a role for the MCM complex in protecting replication fork structure and promoting recovery from replication arrest. Loss of MCM function generates lethal double-strand breaks at sites of DNA synthesis during replication elongation, suggesting replication fork collapse. MCM function also maintains the stability of forks stalled by hydroxyurea that activate the replication checkpoint. In cells where the checkpoint is activated, Mcm4 binds the Cds1 kinase and undergoes Cds1-dependent phosphorylation. MCM proteins also interact with proteins involved in homologous recombination, which promotes recovery from arrest by ensuring normal mitosis. We suggest that the MCM complex links replication fork stabilization with checkpoint arrest and recovery through direct interactions with checkpoint and recombination proteins and that this role in S-phase genome stability is conserved from yeast to human cells.
Bailis
Julie M
JM
Molecular and Computational Biology Section, University of Southern California, 1050 Childs Way RRI 201B, Los Angeles, CA 90089-2910, USA.
Luche
Douglas D
DD
Hunter
Tony
T
Forsburg
Susan L
SL
D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D064447:Checkpoint Kinase 2; D004249:DNA Damage; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005720:Gamma Rays; D042822:Genomic Instability; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000494:pharmacology; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate / Q000494:pharmacology; D064148:Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 4; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011392:Proline / Q000378:metabolism; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase / Q000378:metabolism; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D016196:S Phase; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000235:genetics; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection
D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009153:Mutagens; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; C084232:RHP51 protein, S pombe; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; D001761:Bleomycin; D011392:Proline; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate; D011494:Protein Kinases; D064447:Checkpoint Kinase 2; C578634:CHEK2 protein, human; C578636:Cds1 protein, S pombe; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C456840:rad3 protein, S pombe; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase; D064148:Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 4; C078490:mcm4 protein, S pombe; D006918:Hydroxyurea