title: [AIDS treatment in Africa: the risk of antiretroviral resistance].
abstract: --In recent years, implementation of antiretroviral therapy in developing countries with a high prevalence of HIV-1 has been recognised as a public health priority. Consequently, the availability ofantiretroviral combination therapy for people with HIV is increasing rapidly in sub-Saharan Africa. --HIV treatment programmes are implemented according to the standardised, simplified public health guidelines developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). --However, the implementation of treatment programmes in Africa is hindered by several factors, including the lack of adequate immunological and virological laboratory monitoring, insufficient support for adherence to therapy, vulnerable health care systems and the use of suboptimal drug combinations. --These suboptimal treatment conditions increase the risk that resistant virus strains will emerge that are less susceptible to standard first-line combination therapy, thus threatening the long-term success of the treatment programmes. --The WHO has initiated HIVResNet, an international expert advisory board that has developed a global strategy for surveillance and prevention of antiretroviral drug resistance. --The Dutch initiative known as 'PharmAccess African studies to evaluate resistance' (PASER) is contributing to this strategy by creating a surveillance network in sub-Saharan Africa.
authors.affiliation: Academisch Medisch Centrum/Universiteit van Amsterdam, Stichting PharmAccess International, Center for Poverty-related Communicable Diseases, Amsterdam.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hamers
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schuurman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Vugt
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Derdelinckx
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Rinke de Wit
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000349:Africa; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents