title: Effects of early-life LiCl-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus on memory and anxiety in adult rats are associated with mossy fiber sprouting and elevated CSF S100B protein.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated putative correlations among behavioral changes and: (1) neuronal loss, (2) hippocampal mossy fiber sprouting, and (3) reactive astrogliosis in adult rats submitted to early-life LiCl-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats (P15) received LiCl (3 mEq/kg, i.p.) 12-18 h prior pilocarpine (60 mg/kg; s.c.). At adulthood, animals were submitted to behavioral tasks and after the completion of tasks biochemical and histological analysis were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In SE group, it was observed an increased number of degenerating neurons in the CA1 subfield and in the hilus of animals 24 h after SE. At adulthood, SE group presented an aversive memory deficit in an inhibitory avoidance task and the animals that presented lower latency to the step down showed a higher score for mossy fiber sprouting. In the light-dark exploration task, SE rats returned less and spent less time in the light compartment and present an increased number of risk assessment behavior (RA). There was a negative correlation between the time spent in the light compartment and the score for mossy fiber sprouting and a positive correlation between score for mossy fiber sprouting and number of RA. LiCl-pilocarpine-treated animals showed higher levels of S100B immunocontent in the CSF as well as a positive correlation between the score for sprouting and the GFAP immunocontent in the CA1 subfield, suggesting an astrocytic response to neuronal injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We showed that LiCl-pilocarpine-induced SE during development produced long-lasting behavioral abnormalities, which might be associated with mossy fiber sprouting and elevated CSF S100B levels at adulthood.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. losch@ufrgs.br
authors.forename: Diogo Losch
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Renan Sanna
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.forename: Mariane Castro
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Jorge Alberto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Quillfeldt
authors.forename: Diogo Onofre
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Tadeu Mello
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: e Souza
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wofchuk
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000254:growth & development; D001007:Anxiety / Q000139:chemically induced; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005239:Fear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000523:psychology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D018021:Lithium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019599:Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; C579158:S100b protein, rat; D010862:Pilocarpine; D018021:Lithium Chloride