title: Non-infectious bronchiolitis as an early pulmonary complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
abstract: Pulmonary complications occur in up to 60% of patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), causing significant morbidity and mortality. Among them, non-infectious bronchiolitis is considered a late complication in the form of bronchiolitis obliterans. We report a patient who developed non-infectious bronchiolitis within four weeks after undergoing HSCT for biphenotypic leukemia. Chest CT revealed centrilobular nodules that were reminiscent of diffuse panbronchiolitis, and lymphocytic bronchiolitis was confirmed by biopsy. Infection and bronchiolitis obliterans were ruled out, and the bronchiolitis resolved when leukemia relapsed. This case suggests that bronchiolitis may be another early, non-infectious pulmonary complication of HSCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo. kageh-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kage
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohyama
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: Daiya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Takai
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanda
authors.forename: Nobuya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohishi
authors.forename: Takahide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagase
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001988:Bronchiolitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography