title: Inhibition of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) suppresses production of cholesteryl ester through the reesterification of free cholesterol but not formation of foam cells in oxidized LDL-stimulated macrophages.
abstract: Macrophage-derived foam cells are formed as a result of the accumulation of cholesteryl ester (CE) not only in cytoplasm where CE is produced by the reesterification of free cholesterol derived from oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL) undergoing hydrolysis, but also in lysosomes where the remaining CE of OxLDL is deposited. We examined the possible involvement of cytosolic phospholipase A(2)s (cPLA(2)s) in the production of CE through the reesterification and in the formation of foam cells. In [(3)H]oleic acid-labeled human acute monocytic leukemia (THP-1) cell-derived macrophages (THP-M) and mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM), which possessed at least cPLA(2)alpha and cPLA(2)gamma, stimulation with OxLDL induced the production of [(3)H]cholesteryl oleate ([(3)H]CE).The production was suppressed by an inhibitor of cPLA(2)s. However, the inhibitor tended to slightly decrease total intracellular levels of CE, and did not affect the formation of foam cells, as estimated by staining with Oil Red O. In cPLA(2)alpha-knockout MPM, OxLDL-induced increases in [(3)H]CE and total CE did not differ from those in wild-type MPM. Our results suggest that cPLA(2)s other than cPLA(2)alpha contribute to the supply of fatty acids, which are utilized for the production of CE through the reesterification, in OxLDL-stimulated macrophages. However, the formation of foam cells could not be inhibited only by the suppression of cPLA(2)-mediated CE production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ii
authors.forename: Mayuko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Keizo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Waku
authors.forename: Naonori
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uozumi
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akiba
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000378:metabolism*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005487:Foam Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D064801:Phospholipase A2 Inhibitors; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D063065:Organophosphonates; D064801:Phospholipase A2 Inhibitors; C104810:methyl arachidonylfluorophosphonate; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate