title: [Nephrotoxicity of Radix Aristolochice and it's substitution material Radix Inulae in rats].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the toxicity of Radix Aristolochiae and Radix Inulae, and to supply the toxicity experimental data that Radix Inulae supersedes Radix Aristolochiae in clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  A long dose of Radix Aristolochice and Radix Inulae was given intragastrically to rats for six months, then drug withdrawal for a month. The hematology and biochemical indicators were measured, and the pathologic changes of kidney, liver, stomach and urinary bladder were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rats of Radix Aristolochice showed serious toxic responses of renal tubule atrophy and necrosis, meanwhile, the levels of BUN, Cr and NAG were increased obviously. Hepatonecrosis, renal tubular necrosis, gastric carcinoma and bladder carcinoma were discovered with pathologic assaying. But the rats of Radix Inulae did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radix Aristolochiae could damage kidney and liver, and cause gastric carcinoma and bladder carcinoma by intensive toxicity. Radix Inulae could take the place of Radix Aristolochiae to use in clinic.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Herb Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Xiang
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Yong-Ye
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Li-Mao
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Lian-Da
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D030022:Aristolochia / Q000737:chemistry*; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D038143:Inula / Q000737:chemistry*; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013270:Stomach / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D003404:Creatinine; D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase