Diagnosis and management of HIV drug hypersensitivity.
Drug hypersensitivity reactions are an important cause of morbidity in HIV-infected patients who take complex medication regimens. Correct diagnosis and management of these reactions are essential in the clinical care of HIV disease. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, abacavir, nevirapine, atazanavir, and enfuvirtide can all cause hypersensitivity rashes. In this review, we discuss the evidence for immunologic mechanisms of hypersensitivity reactions to HIV medications, the clinical characteristics of these reactions, and guidelines that currently exist for their identification and management.
Davis
Carla M
CM
Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-2399, USA. cmdavis@texaschildrenshospital.org
Shearer
William T
WT
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D005076:Exanthema / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents