title: Aluminum ions inhibit phospholipase D in a microtubule-dependent manner.
abstract: Aluminum is a highly cytotoxic metal to plants, but the molecular base and the primary target of Al toxicity are still unknown. The most important physiological consequence of Al toxicity is a cessation of root growth and changes in root morphology suggesting a role of the root cytoskeleton as a target structure. The important role of phospholipid degrading enzyme phospholipase D in regulation of cytoskeleton remodelling in both animal and plant organisms is now evident. Both the phospholipid pathway and the cytoskeleton are influenced by Al(3+), but their relationship with Al stress remains to be explored. Therefore, we tested the possibility that Al stress could be sensed by plants through microtubules in close interaction with phospholipases. We have shown that Al(3+) reduced the formation of phosphatidic acid in vivo, inhibited activity of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate-dependent phospholipase D in vitro and that the phosphatidic acid production is modified by microtubule dynamics.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Botany, vvi, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic. pejchar@ueb.cas.cz
authors.forename: Premysl
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pejchar
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pleskot
authors.forename: Katerina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schwarzerová
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martinec
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Valentová
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Novotná
mesh_terms: D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D002712:Chlorides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism*; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D002712:Chlorides; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D010739:Phospholipase D