Uptake of calcium phosphate nanoshells by osteoblasts and their effect on growth and differentiation.
The influence of calcium phosphate nanoshell materials on the uptake, viability, and mineralization of human fetal osteoblast cultures was evaluated. Proliferation rates and alkaline phosphatase activity of the cultures were unaffected by the addition of nanoshells to the growth media, but mineralization levels were enhanced by nearly 40%, in contrast to media prepared without nanoshells, or with other calcium phosphate nanomaterials. Nanoshells were internalized by macropinocytosis, and migrated toward the cell nucleus at a rate of 0.34 microm hr(-1). Dye-loaded nanoshells maintained high light emission intensity for over five days while inside the cells, where they could be used as intracellular markers for in vitro microscopic imaging. From these results, it appears that the CaP nanoshells could be developed into a safe sensor and delivery vehicle for osteoblast cell culture studies, whereas the carrier itself has intrinsic bioactivity and may itself upregulate the formation of new bone.
Schmidt
Stephanie M
SM
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Center for Molecularly Engineered Materials, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.
Moran
Kathleen A
KA
Tweed Kent
Ailis M
AM
Slosar
Jenalle L
JL
Webber
Matthew J
MJ
McCready
Mark J
MJ
Deering
Cassandra
C
Veranth
John M
JM
Ostafin
Agnes
A
D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D005333:Fetus / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C020243:calcium phosphate; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase