Intake of dairy products and periodontal disease: the Hisayama Study.
BACKGROUND
A previous study showed the relationship between the intake of dairy products and periodontitis, but the types of dairy products that confer a benefit on periodontal health status have not been determined.


METHODS
We analyzed 942 subjects aged 40 to 79 years as part of a comprehensive health examination of Hisayama Town, Fukuoka, Japan. Probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were used as the periodontal parameters. The dietary survey was conducted using a semiquantitative food frequency method. We examined the relationship between the intake of dairy products, such as milk, cheese, and lactic acid foods (yogurt and lactic acid drinks), and periodontal condition.


RESULTS
The daily intake of lactic acid foods in subjects with generalized deep PD or severe CAL was significantly lower than that in subjects with localized deep PD or slight CAL. In multivariate linear regression analysis, the increased intake of lactic acid foods was associated significantly with lower mean PD (P = 0.002) and lower mean CAL (P = 0.003). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the subjects eating > or =55 g lactic acid foods per day had a significantly lower prevalence of deep PD and severe CAL compared to those not eating these foods after adjusting for confounding variables; the odds ratios for generalized deep PD and severe CAL were 0.40 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.23 to 0.70) and 0.50 (95% CI: 0.29 to 0.87), respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
The routine intake of lactic acid foods may have a beneficial effect on periodontal disease.
Shimazaki
Yoshihiro
Y
Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. shimadha@mbox.nc.kyushu-u.ac.jp
Shirota
Tomoko
T
Uchida
Kazuhiro
K
Yonemoto
Koji
K
Kiyohara
Yutaka
Y
Iida
Mitsuo
M
Saito
Toshiyuki
T
Yamashita
Yoshihisa
Y
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002611:Cheese; D043302:Cultured Milk Products; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000145:classification*; D004435:Eating; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000453:epidemiology; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D015014:Yogurt
D019344:Lactic Acid