title: TRPM5-expressing solitary chemosensory cells respond to odorous irritants.
abstract: Inhaled airborne irritants elicit sensory responses in trigeminal nerves innervating the nasal epithelium, leading to protective reflexes. The sensory mechanisms involved in the detection of odorous irritants are poorly understood. We identified a large population of solitary chemosensory cells expressing the transient receptor potential channel M5 (TRPM5) using transgenic mice where the promoter of TRPM5 drives the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP). Most of these solitary chemosensory cells lie in the anterior nasal cavity. These GFP-labeled solitary chemosensory cells exhibited immunoreactivity for synaptobrevin-2, a vesicle-associated membrane protein important for synaptic transmission. Concomitantly, we found trigeminal nerve fibers apposed closely to the solitary chemosensory cells, indicating potential transmission of sensory information to trigeminal fibers. In addition, stimulation of the nasal cavity with high concentrations (0.5-5 mM) of a variety of odorants elicited event-related potentials (ERPs) in areas rich in TRPM5-expressing solitary chemosensory cells. Furthermore, odorous chemicals and trigeminal stimuli induced changes in intracellular Ca(2+) levels in isolated TRPM5-expressing solitary chemosensory cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Together, our data show that the TRPM5-expressing cells respond to a variety of chemicals at high exposure levels typical of irritants and are positioned in the nasal cavity appropriately to monitor inhaled air quality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland-Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA. Weihong@umbc.edu
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Margolskee
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Finger
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Restrepo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002628:Chemoreceptor Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D054815:Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels / Q000172:deficiency; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007509:Irritants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009812:Odorants; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa / Q000166:cytology*; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050988:Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C518240:Cnga2 protein, mouse; D054815:Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels; D007509:Irritants; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels; C498617:Trpm5 protein, mouse; D050988:Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 2; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C524407:GNAT3 protein, mouse; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D002118:Calcium