title: Association between polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter gene and depression: evidence for a gene-environment interaction in a sample of juvenile detainees.
abstract: Previous research has generated examples of how genetic and environmental factors can interact to create risk for psychopathology. Using a gene-by-environment (G x E) interaction design, we tested whether three polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1, also referred to as SLC6A3, located at 5p15.33) interacted with maternal parenting style to predict first-onset episodes of depression. Participants were male adolescents (N= 176) recruited from a juvenile detention center in northern Russia. As hypothesized, one of the polymorphisms (rs40184) moderated the effect of perceived maternal rejection on the onset of major depressive disorder, as well as on suicidal ideation. Further, this G x E interaction was specific to depression; it did not predict clinically significant anxiety. These results highlight the need for further research investigating the moderating effects of dopaminergic genes on depression.
authors.affiliation: University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. ghaeffel@nd.edu
authors.forename: Gerald J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Haeffel
authors.forename: Marya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Getchell
authors.forename: Roman A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Koposov
authors.forename: Carolyn M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Yrigollen
authors.forename: Colin G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Deyoung
authors.forename: Britt Af
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Klinteberg
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Oreland
authors.forename: Vladislav V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Ruchkin
authors.forename: Elena L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Grigorenko
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002895:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 / Q000235:genetics; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology*; D012059:Rejection, Psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; C493214:SLC6A3 protein, human