title: Subthreshold depression and cognitive impairment but not demented in stroke patients during their rehabilitation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subthreshold depression (sD) and cognitive impairment but not demented (CIND) in stroke patients are associated with poorer rehabilitative outcomes. Their diagnosis can easily be operationalized using validated scales.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to ascertain the prevalence of depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment in stroke patients during three crucial stages of the rehabilitative process, viz. upon admission, upon planned discharges from rehabilitation hospitals and at 6 months post-stroke, using validated scales like the Geriatric Depression Scale and Abbreviated Mental Test (recommended by the British Geriatric Society). Their baseline risk factors were also ascertained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On admission, the prevalence of depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment was 60% and 54% respectively. The prevalence upon planned discharges and 6 months post-stroke, respectively, of depressive symptoms was 38% and 34% and that of impaired cognition was 33% and 40%. Baseline independent correlates at 6 months post-stroke depressive symptoms were: recurrent stroke (OR 3.34); on admission cognitive impairment (OR 4.78) and ADL dependence (OR 5.28). And that of cognitive impairment were: increasing age (OR 8.07); post-stroke dysphagia (OR 4.58); on admission cognitive impairment (OR 23.95) and on admission depressive symptoms (OR 3.50).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Continuous screening and appropriate intervention, especially at baseline, would significantly decrease the burden posed by stroke patients with such psychological impairments in the community.
authors.affiliation: Accenture, India, Bangalore, India. sanjiv@alumni.nus.edu.sg
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D013997:Time Factors