title: Effect of hemin and carbon monoxide releasing molecule (CORM-3) on cGMP in rat penile tissue.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels can be regulated by heme oxygenase-1 and 2 (HO-1 and HO-2)-derived carbon monoxide (CO).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Assessment of the effect of upregulating CO in rat corpora cavernosa (CC) on cavernous cGMP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three experimental groups were studied: first group (N = 40), short-term HO induction over 2 weeks by injection of intraperitoneal increasing doses of hemin; the second group (N = 40) was subjected to intracavernosal injection of CO donor, CORM-3, or its inactive form (iCORM-3) over 2 weeks; the third group (N = 60) was subdivided into three subgroups: the first one received a combined hemin and CORM-3, the second one received hemin and its inhibitor stannus mesoporphyrin (SnMP), and third one received a combined hemin, CORM-3, and SnMP.
  
  
  METHODS
  In CC, HO-1 and HO-2 gene expression, Northern blot and Western blot, cGMP levels, and HO enzyme activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the first group, maximum induction of HO-1 gene expression, HO enzyme activity, and cGMP occurred with 4-mg hemin dose with a successive increase over 2 weeks. In the second group, CORM-3 increased cGMP by twofold compared with iCORM-3, and also increased HO-1 protein. In the third group, SnMP inhibited the enhancing effect of CORM-3 and HO on erectile signaling molecules; i.e., HO-1 gene, enzyme activity, and cGMP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CORM-3- or hemin-mediated CO release could increase cavernous tissue cGMP.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Unit, Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: M Talaat
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Abdel Aziz
authors.forename: M Farid
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: El-Asmar
authors.forename: Taymour
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mostafa
authors.forename: Hazem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Atta
authors.forename: Hanan H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Fouad
authors.forename: Nagwa K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Roshdy
authors.forename: Laila A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Rashed
authors.forename: Eman A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Obaia
authors.forename: Dina A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sabry
authors.forename: Ahmed T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Abdel Aziz
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Drummond
authors.forename: Rafal
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Olszanecki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D011756:Diphosphates / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006427:Hemin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D008652:Mesoporphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010413:Penis / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D011756:Diphosphates; D008652:Mesoporphyrins; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C476530:tricarbonylchloro(glycinato)ruthenium(II); C031468:mesoporphyrin IX; D006427:Hemin; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; C105245:heme oxygenase-2; D006152:Cyclic GMP