title: Increased oxidative stress in epileptic children treated with valproic acid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine influence of Valproic Acid (VPA) treatment on oxidative status in non-obese and overweight epileptic children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study was conducted at the Departments of Pediatrics, University of Chieti and Bologna. Thirty-one epileptic children were studied before and after 1 year of therapy with VPA. Also 31 sex-, age- and BMI-matched healthy controls were evaluated. Insulin and glucose serum levels and plasma Vitamin E, Lag phase and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before the beginning of VPA therapy, insulin and glucose serum values and plasma Vitamin E, Lag phase and MDA levels were normal in all subjects. At the end of follow-up, 11 (35.5%) epileptic patients developed obesity. In obese VPA treated patients, we found lower serum levels of antioxidant (Vitamin E, p<0.001) and higher levels of oxidant markers (MDA, p<0.001; Lag phase, p<0.001) compared to VPA-treated non-obese patients and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After 1 year of VPA therapy oxidative stress occurs only in overweight children. This increase in the levels of oxidant markers, probably caused by obesity, might contribute to the development of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis later in life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Italy. averrott@unich.it
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verrotti
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scardapane
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Franzoni
authors.forename: Rossella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manco
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chiarelli
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D004829:Epilepsy, Generalized / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014810:Vitamin E; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D014635:Valproic Acid