title: Circulating colony stimulating factor-1 and breast cancer risk.
abstract: Colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF1) and its receptor (CSF1-R) are important in mammary gland development and have been implicated in breast carcinogenesis. In a nested case-control study in the Nurses' Heath Study of 726 breast cancer cases diagnosed between June 1, 1992, and June 1, 1998, and 734 matched controls, we prospectively evaluated whether circulating levels of CSF1 (assessed in 1989-1990) are associated with breast cancer risk. The association varied by menopausal status (P(heterogeneity) = 0.009). CSF1 levels in the highest quartile (versus lowest) were associated with an 85% reduced risk of premenopausal breast cancer [relative risk (RR), 0.15; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.03-0.85; P(trend) = 0.02]. In contrast, CSF1 levels in the highest quartile conferred a 33% increased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer (RR, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.96-1.86; P(trend) = 0.11), with greatest risk for invasive (RR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.02-2.07; P(trend) = 0.06) and ER+/PR+ tumors (RR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.11-2.66; P(trend) = 0.04). Thus, the association of circulating CSF1 levels and breast cancer varies by menopausal status.
authors.affiliation: Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. rulla.tamimi@channing.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Rulla M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Tamimi
authors.forename: Joan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Brugge
authors.forename: Matthew L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Freedman
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miron
authors.forename: J Dirk
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Iglehart
authors.forename: Graham A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Colditz
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hankinson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D011379:Prognosis; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor