title: [Synthetic estrogens: some new pharmacological actions and mechanisms].
abstract: Many constitutional analogues of estrogen have been reported. In this review, the application, action(s), and mechanism(s) of clinically used synthetic estrogens are described. Estramustine and phosphestrol have been used for many years in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Estramustine phosphate is a prodrug that is rapidly on oral administration to the five metabolites, estramustine, estromustine, estradiol, estrone and anticancer drug, nitrogen mustards. Estramustine induces dose- and time-dependent metaphase arrest and breakdown of interphase microtubules. Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator from the benzothiophene class that binds to the estrogen receptor and has estrogen-agonist effects on bone. Raloxifene has used in female patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kosano
mesh_terms: D045166:Estradiol Congeners / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D045166:Estradiol Congeners