title: A novel high resolution in vivo digital imaging system for the evaluation of experimental cataract in diabetic rats.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to establish a novel imaging system for evaluation of cataract in small animals. Diabetic cataract was induced in male Wistar rats by a combination of a bolus injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, i.v.) and 5% D-glucose given as drinking water. To assess cataract development, we designed a digital camera system equipped with a non-reflecting illuminator for capturing clear high-resolution full lens images in the horizontal plane. Cataract was evaluated from the resulting images using both an observer-based scoring system and quantitative digital image-analysis techniques. The onset of cataract was detected in the peripheral section of the lens in 57% of cases 2 weeks after induction of hyperglycemia. Central opacities were visible following 3 weeks in hyperglycemic conditions. The cataract increased in severity with time, so that by week 9 in hyperglycemic conditions, mature cataracts were developed in over 90% of lenses. Treatment of diabetic rats with GP-1447, an aldose reductase inhibitor, completely prevented the formation of diabetic cataracts. These results indicate that the digital imaging system established in the present study permits an assessment of all stages of cataract development and it is helpful for accurately evaluating the effects of therapeutic drugs on cataracts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Sokichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kametaka
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kasahara
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueo
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakahara
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
mesh_terms: D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D002386:Cataract / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D004326:Drinking; D004435:Eating; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004867:Equipment Design; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C106125:GP 1447; D010648:Phenylacetates; D013844:Thiazoles; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase