title: Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms associated with prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or its family may be considered to play an important role in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic tumor spread, thereby affecting prognosis of colorectal cancer. Accordingly, the present study analyzed VEGF gene polymorphisms and their effect on the prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred and forty-five consecutive patients with surgically treated colorectal adenocarcinoma were enrolled in the present study. The genomic DNA was extracted from fresh colorectal tissue and three VEGF (-2578C>A, -634G>C, and +936C>T) gene polymorphisms were determined using a PCR/denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate survival analysis showed that the survival for the patients with the -634 G/C genotype [overall survival (OS): hazard ratio (HR), 0.158; P < 0.001] or C/C genotype (OS: HR, 0.188; P < 0.001) were better than for the patients with the -634G/G genotype, whereas the +936 C/T genotype (OS: HR, 12.809; P < 0.001) or T/T genotype (OS: HR, 37.260; P < 0.001) was associated with a worse survival compared with the +936 C/C genotype. In haplotype analysis, the -2578A/-634G/+936T haplotype exhibited a significantly worse survival when compared with the wild -2578C/-634G/+936C haplotype (OS: HR, 3.866; P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VEGF gene polymorphisms were found to be an independent prognostic marker for patients with colorectal cancer. Accordingly, the analysis of VEGF gene polymorphisms can help identify patient subgroups at high risk of a poor disease outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Gwang
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yee Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Sang Kyun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Yoon Young
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Joon Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Jae Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seoung Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: In Taek
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Gyu Seog
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Soo-Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jun
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A