title: Short-term neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy and external-beam radiotherapy for locally advanced prostate cancer: long-term results of RTOG 8610.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 8610 was the first phase III randomized trial to evaluate neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in combination with external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in men with locally advanced prostate cancer. This report summarizes long-term follow-up results.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1987 and 1991, 456 assessable patients (median age, 70 years) were enrolled. Eligible patients had bulky (5 x 5 cm) tumors (T2-4) with or without pelvic lymph node involvement according to the 1988 American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM staging system. Patients received combined ADT that consisted of goserelin 3.6 mg every 4 weeks and flutamide 250 mg tid for 2 months before and concurrent with EBRT, or they received EBRT alone. Study end points included overall survival (OS), disease-specific mortality (DSM), distant metastasis (DM), disease-free survival (DFS), and biochemical failure (BF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten-year OS estimates (43% v 34%) and median survival times (8.7 v 7.3 years) favored ADT and EBRT, respectively; however, these differences did not reach statistical significance (P = .12). There was a statistically significant improvement in 10-year DSM (23% v 36%; P = .01), DM (35% v 47%; P = .006), DFS (11% v 3%; P < .0001), and BF (65% v 80%; P < .0001) with the addition of ADT, but no differences were observed in the risk of fatal cardiac events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of 4 months of ADT to EBRT appears to have a dramatic impact on clinically meaningful end points in men with locally advanced disease with no statistically significant impact on the risk of fatal cardiac events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero St, Suite H1031, San Francisco, CA 94143-1708, USA. mroach@radonc.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Mack
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roach
authors.forename: Kyounghwa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Joycelyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Speight
authors.forename: Harvey B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Wolkov
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: R Jeffrey
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Colleen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lawton
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Valicenti
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grignon
authors.forename: Miljenko V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Pilepich
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005485:Flutamide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017273:Goserelin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D017273:Goserelin; D005485:Flutamide