title: Beliefs and social norms about codeine and promethazine hydrochloride cough syrup (CPHCS) use and addiction among multi-ethnic college students.
abstract: In this study a qualitative approach is used to investigate relevant beliefs and norms concerning the consumption, initiation, and perceived addiction of codeine and promethazine hydrochloride cough syrup (CPHCS) among 61 college-age students who identified themselves as current CPHCS users. In general, a majority of students stated that doctors and pharmacists were the greatest facilitators of CPHCS acquisition. A majority of students believed that their friends felt codeine promethazine use was "normal" and "cool" among college students their age, and that reinforcing factors, such as peer pressure and curiosity, contributed to initial CPHCS use.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas School of Public Health, 7000 Fannin Suite 2618, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Ronald.J.Peters@uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: George S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Yacoubian
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rhodes
authors.forename: Karry J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Forsythe
authors.forename: Kameko S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Bowers
authors.forename: Valencia M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Eulian
authors.forename: Clemmie A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mangum
authors.forename: Jamie D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: O'Neal
authors.forename: Queen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: E James
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Essien
mesh_terms: D000996:Antitussive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D044383:Black People; D003061:Codeine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003371:Cough / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011398:Promethazine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011639:Public Opinion; D036301:Qualitative Research; D013334:Students; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014495:Universities; D001741:Black or African American
chemical_list: D000996:Antitussive Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D011398:Promethazine; D003061:Codeine