title: Reverse smokers's and changes in oral mucosa. Department of Sucre, Colombia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This work is intended to establish the prevalence of reverse smokers at the villages of Hato Nuevo, San Francisco and Cayo de Palma, Department of Sucre, Colombia, characterizing their socio-culture conditions, clinical and histological changes in the oral mucosa.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive study was done through a home to home inquiry to select the people with inclusion criteria for a posterior clinical test and a biopsy of the affected oral mucosa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reverse smokers's prevalence was from the 15%, mainly women (p<0.001) with an age average of 59.3 years. The lesions were classified clinically in mild, moderate and severe changes. Tongue moderate lesions presented the higher frequency (80%), followed by severe lesions on palate (74%). Oral cancer prevalence was 10.8% in the San Francisco village and 18.2% in Cayo de Palma village, no new cases were reported in Hato Nuevo village. This was the highest prevalence reported in comparison with other studies with similar population. The clinical and histological findings agree with the reported in literature, no relation was found between the degree of clinical severity and the dysplasia itself. Cases of oral submucous fibrosis-like lesions were found, which had never been reported in Latin America. Further studies are required in order to decrease the morbidity for this habit and to identify other related risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, University of Antioquia, Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service, Medellín, Colombia. gloria@alvarez.nu
authors.forename: Gloria-J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Alvarez Gómez
authors.forename: Efraín
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alvarez Martínez
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiménez Gómez
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mosquera Silva
authors.forename: Angela María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gaviria Núñez
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcés Agudelo
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alonso Duque
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zabala Castaño
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Echeverri González
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Isaac Millán
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ramírez Ossa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007972:Leukoplakia, Oral / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008548:Melanosis / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000473:pathology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices