title: Probing skin interaction with hydrogen peroxide using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.
abstract: Hydrogen peroxide is an important oxidizing agent in biological systems. In dermatology, it is frequently used as topical antiseptic, it has a haemostatic function, it can cause skin blanching, and it can facilitate skin tanning. In this work, we investigated skin interaction with hydrogen peroxide, non-invasively, using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. We observed transient changes in the oxyhaemoglobin and deoxyhaemoglobin concentrations as a result of topical application of dilute H(2)O(2) solutions to the skin, with changes in deoxyhaemoglobin concentration being more pronounced. Furthermore, we did not observe any appreciable changes in melanin absorption properties as well as in the skin scattering properties. We also found no evidence for production of oxidized haemoglobin forms. Our observations are consistent with an at least partial decomposition of hydrogen peroxide within the stratum corneum and epidermis, with the resulting oxygen and/or remaining hydrogen peroxide inducing vasoconstriction to dermal blood vessels and increasing haemoglobin oxygen saturation. An assessment of the effects of topical application of hydrogen peroxide to the skin may serve as the basis for the development of non-invasive techniques to measure skin antioxidant capacity and also may shed light onto skin related disorders such as vitiligo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece. gzonios@cc.uoi.gr
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zonios
authors.forename: Aikaterini
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dimou
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Galaris
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D001703:Biophysics; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D016877:Oxidants; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins; C100003:deoxyhemoglobin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide