title: Balance confidence and functional balance in relation to falls in older persons with hip fracture history.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether self-assessed balance confidence and functional balance are associated with falls in older persons with hip fracture history.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study is a part of a larger study on functional capacity and exercise rehabilitation in hip fracture patients. Seventy-nine patients, operated at the local hospital for collum or trochanter fracture within one-half to 7 years, participated in the laboratory measurements. Balance confidence was assessed with Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale (ABC) and functional balance using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). According to self-reported number of falls during the previous 6 months participants were classified as those with falls vs. no falls; recurrent falls (3 or more falls) vs. occasional/no falls (< 3 falls); indoor falls vs. no indoor falls; outdoor falls vs. no outdoor falls. The relationships between ABC, BBS, and fall status were tested by logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lower BBS score was associated with all falls during previous 6 months (OR 0.929, 95% CI 0.875-0.987). Lower ABC score was associated with recurrent falling (OR 0.974, 0.952-0.998), as well as lower BBS score (OR 0.876, 0.797- 0.962). Additionally, lower ABC and lower BBS scores were related to indoor falls (ABC OR 0.975, 0.957-0.993; BBS OR 0.913, 0.852-0.978). Participants with outdoor falls did not differ from those with no outdoor falls in ABC scores or BBS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Self-assessed balance confidence and functional balance are related to prevalence of recurrent and indoor falls in older hip fracture patients. Therefore use of Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale and Berg Balance Scale might be reasoned to expand in evaluating the probability for falls among at-risk elders.
authors.affiliation: University of Jyväskylä, Department of Health Sciences. jenni.kulmala@sport.jyu.fi
authors.forename: Jenni
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kulmala
authors.forename: Sanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sihvonen
authors.forename: Mauri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kallinen
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alen
authors.forename: Ilkka
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kiviranta
authors.forename: Sarianna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sipilä
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D004856:Postural Balance; D012649:Self Concept