title: Novel inhibitors for murine and human leukemia inhibitory factor based on fused soluble receptors.
abstract: Fusion proteins of the extracellular parts of cytokine receptors, also known as cytokine traps, turned out to be promising cytokine inhibitors useful in anti-cytokine therapies. Here we present newly designed cytokine traps for murine and human leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) as prototypes for inhibitors targeting cytokines that signal through a heterodimer of two signaling receptors of the glycoprotein 130 (gp130) family. LIF signals through a receptor heterodimer of LIF receptor (LIFR) and gp130 and induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 leading to target gene expression. The analysis of various receptor fusion and deletion constructs revealed that a truncated form of the murine LIF receptor consisting of the first five extracellular domains was a potent inhibitor for human LIF. For the efficient inhibition of murine LIF, the cytokine-binding module of murine gp130 had to be fused to the first five domains of murine LIFR generating mLIF-RFP (murine LIFR fusion protein). The tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 and subsequent gene induction induced by human or murine LIF are completely blocked by the respective inhibitor. Furthermore, both inhibitors are specific and do not alter the bioactivities of the closely related cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and oncostatin M. The gained knowledge on the construction of LIF inhibitors can be transferred to the design of inhibitors for related cytokines such as IL-31, IL-27, and oncostatin M for the treatment of inflammatory and malignant diseases.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Biochemie, Universitätsklinikum RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.forename: Gudrun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Naeth
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Heinrich
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Müller-Newen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D050822:Cytokine Receptor gp130 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics; D053606:Receptors, OSM-LIF / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; C494199:IL6ST protein, human; C507837:LIF protein, human; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; C507838:Lif protein, mouse; D053606:Receptors, OSM-LIF; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494086:STAT3 protein, human; C494087:Stat3 protein, mouse; D050822:Cytokine Receptor gp130