title: Effects of swimming exercise and soybean supplementation on the immune functions of rats fed a high-fat diet.
abstract: 1. In the present study, the effects of swimming exercise and soybean supplementation on the immune functions of rats fed a high-fat diet were examined. 2. Thirty-four male rats were randomly divided into four groups: (i) HS, a high-fat diet sedentary group (n = 8); (ii) HE, a high-fat diet exercised group (n = 9); (iii) SS, a soybean diet sedentary group (n = 8); and (iv) SE, a soybean diet exercised group (n = 9). The high-fat diet was composed of 35% carbohydrate, 20% protein and 35% fat. For the soybean diet, 3% crude soybean extract was substituted for the protein, carbohydrate and fat according to the energy content of the diet. In the exercise groups, rats swam for 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. 3. The subpopulation of CD4(+) cells and the CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio did not differ significantly between the high-fat diet and soybean diet groups. However, the subpopulation of CD8(+) cells in the spleens of SS rats was significantly higher than that in the spleens of HS rats (P < 0.05). In addition, splenic interferon-gamma secretion in the SE group, with or without conconavalin A stimulation, was significantly increased compared with the SS group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). 4. These results show that regular endurance exercise training with soybean supplementation ameliorates splenic T cell-mediated immunity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Exercise Metabolism, Kyungpook National University Graduate School, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Keun
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Keum Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Young-Kyun
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kwang Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001835:Body Weight; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013025:Glycine max; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma