title: Casualty crash types for which teens are at excess risk.
abstract: This study identified casualty crash types for which teen drivers experience excess risk relative to adults. Michigan State Police crash records were used to examine casualty crashes in two statewide populations of drivers who experienced at least one crash from 1989-1996 (pre-graduated driver licensing in Michigan): teens (ages 16-19) and adults (ages 45-65). Rates and rate ratios (RR) based on crash occurrence per 100,000 person miles driven (PMD) compared teens and adults from the two statewide populations. Excess risk was defined as a RR for a specific type of crash that was significantly greater than the RR for all crashes combined. The RRs for all crashes combined for teenage males was 2.41 and 1.75 for teenage females. RRs for teenage males ranged from a low of 2.16 for casualty crashes attributed to alcohol to 8.98 for casualty road departure crashes at night. Among teenage females, RRs ranged from 2.06 for casualty crashes on the weekend to 7.86 for casualty crashes at night with passengers. Casualty crash rates for teenage males ranged from 0.21 per 100,000 PMD for rollover crashes to 1.95 per 100,000 PMD for crashes with passengers. Among teen females, casualty crash rates ranged from 0.21 per 100,000 PMD for drink/driving with passengers to 3.31 per 100,000 PMD for crashes with passengers. Implications for graduated driver licensing, teen driver supervision, and policy are discussed. This study was funded by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Injury Prevention and Control.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, Transportation Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bingham
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Shope
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000293:Adolescent; D000368:Aged; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001336:Automobiles / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008824:Michigan; D008875:Middle Aged; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States