title: Cytokine profiles in acute liver failure treated with albumin dialysis.
abstract: Cytokines are released within the liver in response to hepatic injury, and acute liver failure (ALF) triggers systemic inflammation. Pro-inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha] and interleukin-8 [IL-8]) and anti-inflammatory (interleukin-10 [IL-10] and interleukin-6 [IL-6]) cytokines and the lymphocyte activation marker (interleukin-2-soluble receptor alpha chain [IL-2sRalpha]) were monitored in 49 ALF patients considered for liver transplantation and treated with albumin dialysis (molecular adsorbent recirculating system [MARS]). Twenty-six patients were categorized by clinical outcome as "good" (native liver recovered) and 23 as "poor" (patient bridged to liver transplantation or deceased). MARS did not clearly affect cytokine profiles during treatment; only IL-10 levels decreased in the whole patient population and mostly in patients with the worst prognosis. In the good outcome group, IL-8 and IL-6 levels decreased during treatment; on the contrary, in poor outcome patients IL-6 levels even increased. Initial IL-2sRalpha levels were higher in poor outcome patients relative to the good outcome subset. Cytokine profiles seem to differ in ALF according to patient outcome. A deeper understanding of cytokine patterns during pathogenesis could reveal prognostic markers and aid the development of immunomodulating ALF therapies.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki Biomedical Graduate School, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Ilkka
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ilonen
authors.forename: Anna-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Koivusalo
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Repo
authors.forename: Krister
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Höckerstedt
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Isoniemi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000418:Albumins; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D003956:Dialysis / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D017114:Liver Failure, Acute / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D016207:Cytokines