title: Effects of neurosteroids on hydrogen peroxide- and staurosporine-induced damage of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.
abstract: Neurosteroids are important regulators of central nervous system function and may be involved in processes of neuronal cell survival. This study was undertaken to test the effect of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), pregnenolone (PGL), pregnenolone sulfate (PGLS), and allopregnanolone (Allo) on hydrogen peroxide- and staurosporine-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. It has been found that DHEAS inhibited the hydrogen peroxide toxicity in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas DHEA was active only at higher doses. PGL and PGLS showed neuroprotective effects only at the lowest concentration. Allo had no significant effect on hydrogen peroxide-evoked lactate dehydrogenase release and at the highest concentration aggravated its toxic effects. Next part of this study evaluated neurosteroid effects on staurosporine-induced apoptosis. DHEAS, DHEA, and PGL significantly antagonized effects of staurosporine on both caspase-3 activity and mitochondrial membrane potential. PGLS and Allo inhibited the staurosporine-induced changes in both apoptotic parameters only at the lowest concentration. Antiapoptotic properties of neurosteroids were positively verified by Hoechst staining. Furthermore, as shown by calcein assay, DHEA, DHEAS, and PGL increased viability of staurosporine-treated cells, and these effects were attenuated by specific inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)-mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK). These data indicate that neurosteroids prevent SH-SY5Y cell damage related to oxidative processes and activation of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Moreover, neuroprotective effects of DHEA, DHEAS seem to depend on PI3-K and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways. It can be suggested that, at physiological concentrations, all studied neurosteroids participate in the inhibition of neuronal apoptosis, but with various potencies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland. leskiew@if-pan.krakow.pl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leskiewicz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Regulska
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Budziszewska
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jantas
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jaworska-Feil
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basta-Kaim
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kubera
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jagla
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lason
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000517:prevention & control; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011280:Pregnanolone / Q000494:pharmacology; D011284:Pregnenolone / Q000494:pharmacology; D019311:Staurosporine / Q000633:toxicity*; D013256:Steroids / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D016877:Oxidants; D013256:Steroids; C018370:pregnenolone sulfate; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; D011284:Pregnenolone; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D011280:Pregnanolone; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019311:Staurosporine