title: Urinary cell-free DNA as a potential tumor marker for bladder cancer.
abstract: The objective was to assess the possibility of measuring urine creatinine (UCr)-adjusted urinary cell-free (ucf) DNA concentration as a noninvasive screening tool for bladder cancer. Using PicoGreen-based detection, the ucf-DNA/UCr concentration was quantified in urine supernatant specimens from 46 bladder cancer patients and 98 controls and compared to 400-bp real-time PCR-based detection, which detected the amplification of 400-bp beta-actin (named 400-bp ucf-DNA/UCr). The mean concentrations for both PicoGreen and 400-bp ucf-DNA (ng/mL)/UCr (mg/dL) were significantly higher in bladder cancer patients than in controls: 15.28 vs 6.68 (p<0.001, t-test) and 14.98 vs 1.07 (p<0.001), respectively. Among different stages and grades, no significant difference was found between these two methods. The areas under the ROC curves of PicoGreen and 400-bp ucf-DNA/UCr were 0.571 (95% confidence interval, 0.451-0.692) and 0.805 (95% confidence interval, 0.713-0.896), respectively. In 400-bp ucf-DNA/UCr, the best sensitivity and specificity were 86.1% and 72.0% at the cutoff value of 0.0645. These data indicated that 400-bp ucf-DNA/UCr is more reliable for bladder cancer detection than PicoGreen. In conclusion, our results suggest that ucf-DNA/UCr can be used as a potential tumor marker for bladder cancer, especially for detecting longer DNA fragments.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. changhw@kmu.edu.tw
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Tsui
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002474:Cell-Free System; D003401:Creatine / Q000652:urine; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000494:pharmacology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D009930:Organic Chemicals; C099476:PicoGreen; D004247:DNA; D003404:Creatinine; D003401:Creatine