title: Biomechanical analysis of medial collateral ligament reconstruction grafts of the elbow.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are no biomechanical studies evaluating different tendon grafts for elbow medial collateral ligament reconstruction.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Using a larger tendon for the graft will yield greater resistance to valgus load for medial collateral ligament docking technique reconstructions. The type of graft used for a medial collateral ligament docking technique reconstruction will have a significant effect on the resistance to valgus loads.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cadaveric elbows from male donors were cyclically loaded to 3 and 5 mm elongation, both intact and after a docking technique medial collateral ligament reconstruction using palmaris longus, gracilis, semitendinosus, and patellar tendon grafts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in load to 3 or 5 mm elongation, number of cycles to failure, or stiffness between any tendon graft studied. Every tendon graft reconstruction tested was significantly weaker and less stiff than was the native medial collateral ligament.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There appears to be no biomechanical advantage to be gained by using a larger tendon graft instead of a palmaris longus graft.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most readily available graft source with the lowest morbidity (often the palmaris longus tendon) should be used for medial collateral ligament reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prud'homme
authors.forename: Jeffrey E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Budoff
authors.forename: Lyndon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hipp
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002102:Cadaver; D017885:Collateral Ligaments / Q000601:surgery* / Q000637:transplantation; D004550:Elbow / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods; D053831:Surgical Fixation Devices; D013710:Tendons / Q000637:transplantation*; D019737:Transplants; D014481:United States