title: Walter Moxon, MD, FCRP (1836-1886): the cerebro-vascular system and the syndrome of "congestion of the brain": an analysis of his 1881 Croonian Lectures.
abstract: Walter Moxon, MD, FRCP lived, practiced medicine, taught and wrote in the mid- to late- nineteenth-century Victorian England, mostly at Guy's Hospital, London. He was widely informed in the "Art of Physic," writing on a range of issues from cerebral lateralization of articulate speech to angina pectoris. The present paper will trace briefly his contributions to the newly discovered asymmetry of articulate speech in the left frontal lobe (1866) and will in more detail trace and analyze his 1881 Croonian Lectures at the Royal College of Physicians on a medical shibboleth referred to as "congestion of the brain." In a series of ingenious and rhetorically creative arguments with imaginative tropes, demonstrations, evolutionary accounts of cognition and blood metabolism for human/biped cognition, and cogent citations from the medical literature of the day, Moxon skillfully instructs his medical audience against the misleading notion of cerebral "congestion" as an underlying pathology for cognitive, motor, and sensory deficits seen in the clinic. In so doing, he provides the medical community with an in-depth glimpse at the circulatory system, its flow dynamics, and how they serve to meet the cognitive, motor, and sensory demands of upright bipedal man.
authors.affiliation: Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. hbuck@lsu.edu
authors.forename: Hugh W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Buckingham
mesh_terms: D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003071:Cognition; D004739:England; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D009462:Neurology / Q000266:history*; D013577:Syndrome