title: Evaluation of canine heat shock transcription factor 4 (HSF4) as a candidate gene for primary cataracts in the Dachshund and the Entlebucher Mountain dog.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Testing of the cataract-causing insertion/deletion mutation in the canine HSF4 gene for its linkage and association with primary cataracts (CAT) in Dachshunds and Entlebucher Mountain dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Exon 9 with flanking intronic regions of the canine HSF4 gene was sequenced in 24 Dachshunds and 20 Entlebucher Mountain dogs. The HSF4 cDNA sequence of lens tissue was analyzed in a CAT-unaffected mixed-breed dog and in three CAT-affected dogs of different breeds, including a Wire-haired Dachshund, a Dachshund-mix and a German Shepherd dog.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all dogs investigated here, the previously reported CAT-causing mutation did not exist. We found a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in intron 9, which was neither associated nor linked with the CAT phenotype in the two dog breeds.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CAT phenotype in the two dog breeds investigated here was not caused by the same mutation found to be associated with early-onset CAT in the Staffordshire Bull Terrier and Boston Terrier. The intronic SNP may be useful to test HSF4 for linkage with CAT in further dog breeds.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17p, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wöhlke
authors.forename: Ottmar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Distl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002386:Cataract / Q000235:genetics / Q000662:veterinary*; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000032:analysis; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D010375:Pedigree; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins