title: HIV type 1 subtype C and CB Pol recombinants prevail at the cities with the highest AIDS prevalence rate in Brazil.
abstract: HIV-1 B is predominant in Brazil, but HIV-1 C has increasingly been reported in the south of the country. However, many samples clustering with clade C are actually a recombinant, with a small B segment at RT (CRF31). Samples (209) from the three cities with the highest aids prevalence rate are analyzed. Partial polymerase sequences from HIV RNA made it possible to determine HIV clades and recombination patterns and to identify primary drug resistance mutations (DRMs). The incidence was estimated with a BED assay. HIV-1 C and CRF31 patterns were twice as frequent as clade B at all sites, but the proportion of C and CRF31 patterns was significantly different among sites. The incidence estimate for SC was 2.6 persons-years. Infection in recent or younger cases showed no association with clade C. Surveillance DRM was observed in 8.3% (95% CI 5-13), mostly to NNRTIs. Clade F pol genomes had significantly more primary DRM.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Retrovírus, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. lbrigido@ial.sp.gov.br
authors.forename: Luis F M
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Brígido
authors.forename: Cynara C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.forename: Cristina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Rosalie K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Knoll
authors.forename: João Leandro P
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Carmem A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Rosangela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D010802:Phylogeny; D015995:Prevalence; D011995:Recombination, Genetic