title: Inhibitory ligand-gated ion channels as substrates for general anesthetic actions.
abstract: General anesthetics have been in clinical use for more than 160 years. Nevertheless, their mechanism of action is still only poorly understood. In this review, we describe studies suggesting that inhibitory ligand-gated ion channels are potential targets for general anesthetics in vitro and describe how the involvement of y-aminobutyric acid (GABA)(A) receptor subtypes in anesthetic actions could be demonstrated by genetic studies in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zeller
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jurd
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arras
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Drexler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grashoff
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Antkowiak
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rudolph
mesh_terms: D018681:Anesthetics, General / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003243:Consciousness / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000187:drug effects*; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009154:Mutation; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018009:Receptors, Glycine / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018681:Anesthetics, General; D007473:Ion Channels; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D018009:Receptors, Glycine