title: Toxicity profile and pharmacokinetic study of a phase I low-dose schedule-dependent radiosensitizing paclitaxel chemoradiation regimen for inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report the toxicity profile and pharmacokinetic data of a schedule-dependent chemoradiation regimen using pulsed low-dose paclitaxel for radiosensitization in a Phase I study for inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paclitaxel at escalating doses of 15 mg/m(2), 20 mg/m(2), and 25 mg/m(2) were infused on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday with daily chest radiation in cohorts of 6 patients. Daily radiation was delayed for maximal G2/M arrest and apoptotic effect, an observation from preclinical investigations. Plasma paclitaxel concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dose-limiting toxicities included 3 of 18 patients with Grade 3 pneumonitis and 3 of 18 patients with Grade 3 esophagitis. There was no Grade 4 or 5 pneumonitis or esophagitis. There was also no Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia or neuropathy. For Dose Levels I (15 mg/m(2)), II (20 mg/m(2)), and III (25 mg/m(2)), the mean peak plasma level was 0.23 +/- 0.06 micromol/l, 0.32 +/- 0.05 micromol/l, and 0.52 +/- 0.14 micromol/l, respectively; AUC was 0.44 +/- 0.09 micromol/l, 0.61 +/- 0.1 micromol/l, and 0.96 +/- 0.23 micromol/l, respectively; and duration of drug concentration >0.05 micromol/l (t > 0.05 micromol/l) was 1.6 +/- 0.3 h, 1.9 +/- 0.2 h, and 3.0 +/- 0.9 h, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pulsed low-dose paclitaxel chemoradiation is associated with low toxicity. Pharmacokinetic data showed that plasma paclitaxel concentration >0.05 micromol/l for a minimum of 1.6 h was sufficient for effective radiosensitization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. yuhchyau_chen@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Yuhchyau
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kishan J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Pandya
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Feins
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Johnstone
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Therese
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Smudzin
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Keng
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D017239:Paclitaxel