title: Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure, nicotine dependence, and smoking cessation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the association among the number of sources of secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure, nicotine dependence (ND), and smoking cessation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A secondary analysis of cross-sectional data. Responses for the main study were obtained in 2001 from a controlled trial of the Quit and Win Tobacco Free Contest in Kentucky.
  
  
  METHODS
  822 current smokers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic variables (age, gender, educational status, income, and ethnicity) the number of sources of SHS exposure, smoking frequency, length of abstinence from smoking, age of smoking initiation, smoking cessation attempts, intentions to quit smoking, and ND.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of sources of SHS exposure was associated with higher ND and smoking frequency, and related to low intentions and attempts to quit smoking. The number of sources of SHS exposure contributed to 11% of the variance in the final ND model, after accounting for control and potential mediating variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The number of sources of SHS exposure may be an important factor influencing ND and intentions and attempts to quit smoking. Further studies are needed to explore the association between SHS exposure and ND among smokers to guide treatment and policy development.
authors.affiliation: NEXUS, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. chizimuzo.okoli@nursing.ubc.ca
authors.forename: Chizimuzo T C
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Okoli
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Browning
authors.forename: Mary Kay
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Rayens
authors.forename: Ellen J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Hahn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D007629:Kentucky / Q000453:epidemiology; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution