title: Matrix metalloproteinase-19 is a predictive marker for tumor invasiveness in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-19 (MMP-19) in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma along with its association with structural features of invasiveness. To investigate whether MMP-19 expression correlates with lymphatic or systemic metastasis and prognosis in patients who have received definitive radiotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The histological evaluation of the invasive front was based on Bryne's malignancy grading system. We correlated the immunohistochemical expression pattern with morphological parameters which characterize tumor invasiveness such as keratinization, nuclear polymorphism, invasion pattern, and the host inflammatory response. Local immunoreactivity for MMP-19 was positively correlated with tumor invasiveness as reflected in its structural characteristics and the degree of nuclear polymorphism, and negatively correlated with the inflammatory response of the host. No correlation existed between MMP-19 expression and clinicopathological features (TNM stage, grade of differentiation) or a patient''s outcome and prognosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This latter finding probably reflects the unique change for MMPs from high immunoreactivity within healthy tissue areas and non-invasive tumor parts, through absence in the least invasive neoplastic regions, to strong re-expression at a highly invasive front of the same tumor. Our findings indicate that MMP-19 can be used as a marker for tumor invasiveness in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Velinov
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aebersold
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Haeni
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hlushchuk
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mishev
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Weinstein
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sedlacek
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Djonov
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D007249:Inflammation; D007633:Keratins / Q000378:metabolism; D053505:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011379:Prognosis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007633:Keratins; D053505:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted; C108362:matrix metalloproteinase 19