Transcription of laminin gamma1 chain gene in rat mesangial cells: constitutive and inducible RNA polymerase II recruitment and chromatin states.
The laminin gamma1 chain, a critical component of the extracellular matrix, is encoded by the 125-kb-long Lamc1 locus. We profiled RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and histone modifications along the Lamc1 locus to explore transcription of this gene in its native chromatin environment. Treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate increased Lamc1 mRNA in rat mesangial cells (RMC). This increase was matched by an increase in Pol II density along the entire length of the Lamc1 locus. In contrast, in the hepatocarcinoma cell line (HTC-IR) an increase in Pol II density was restricted to the promoter and was not followed by mRNA induction. The pattern of histone H3 methylation was similar for both cell types but an increase in H3 lysine 9 acetylation observed at the 5'-end was weaker in HTC-IR cells than in RMC. All of the histone modifications showed spatial patterns where levels differed greatly between the 5'- and 3'-ends of Lamc1. Conversely, at the short, highly induced egr-1 gene the differences in chromatin marks between the 5'- and 3'-ends were much smaller. The results of this study suggest that 1) Lamc1 transcription can be controlled after transcription initiation, to our knowledge, the first time this has been shown in an extracellular matrix gene, and 2) the length of a gene is a factor that can affect the chromatin environment for Pol II elongation.
Nelson
Joel D
JD
Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington Medicine Lake Union, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
Flanagin
Steve
S
Kawata
Yasunobu
Y
Denisenko
Oleg
O
Bomsztyk
Karol
K
D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D007797:Laminin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D050527:Mesangial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
D002843:Chromatin; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; C486110:Egr1 protein, rat; D006657:Histones; D007797:Laminin; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C089141:laminin gamma 1; D012319:RNA Polymerase II