title: A multiple maximum scatter difference discriminant criterion for facial feature extraction.
abstract: Maximum scatter difference (MSD) discriminant criterion was a recently presented binary discriminant criterion for pattern classification that utilizes the generalized scatter difference rather than the generalized Rayleigh quotient as a class separability measure, thereby avoiding the singularity problem when addressing small-sample-size problems. MSD classifiers based on this criterion have been quite effective on face-recognition tasks, but as they are binary classifiers, they are not as efficient on large-scale classification tasks. To address the problem, this paper generalizes the classification-oriented binary criterion to its multiple counterpart--multiple MSD (MMSD) discriminant criterion for facial feature extraction. The MMSD feature-extraction method, which is based on this novel discriminant criterion, is a new subspace-based feature-extraction method. Unlike most other subspace-based feature-extraction methods, the MMSD computes its discriminant vectors from both the range of the between-class scatter matrix and the null space of the within-class scatter matrix. The MMSD is theoretically elegant and easy to calculate. Extensive experimental studies conducted on the benchmark database, FERET, show that the MMSD out-performs state-of-the-art facial feature-extraction methods such as null space method, direct linear discriminant analysis (LDA), eigenface, Fisherface, and complete LDA.
authors.affiliation: New Star Research Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei 230031, China. songfengxi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Fengxi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dayong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.forename: Zhongwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D001699:Biometry / Q000379:methods*; D003199:Computer Systems; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods*