title: Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of total flavonoids of Turpinia Arguta Seen on adjuvant arthritis in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of total flavonoids of Turpinia Arguta Seen (TFS) on adjuvant arthritis in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The model of adjuvant arthritis was induced by injection of Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA). Secondary paw swelling of AA rats was measured with volume meter and polyarthritis index were scored. The splenocyte proliferation, (interleukin-1) IL-1 and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production were assayed by cell proliferation assay. Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production was determined by radioimmunoassay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TFS (80, 160, 320 mg/kg, i.g.) could significantly inhibit secondary inflammatory reaction (secondary swelling, multiple arthritis, pathologic change of ankle arthritis) in AA rats. The results in vivo showed that the low response of splenocytes to concanavalin A (Con A) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the decreased IL-2 synthesis were restored in AA rats treated with TFS (160, 320 mg/kg, i.g.), while the elevated IL-1 and PGE(2) released from peritoneal macrophages (PMphi) were also reduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TFS has significant therapeutic effect on AA rats, which might be relate to its immunoregulatory actions.
authors.affiliation: School of pharmacy, Anhui medical university, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shi-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Xiong-Wen
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Yu-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005419:Flavonoids; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015232:Dinoprostone