title: Effect of diphenhydramine on myocardial injury caused by organophosphate poisoning.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this experimental study was to investigate whether diphenhydramine could prevent or diminish myocardial injury caused by organophosphate poisoning as defined by histologic findings and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into equal three groups. Group 1 did not receive any agent during the experiment. Group 2 received 0.8 g/kg fenthion subcutaneously followed by normal saline (3 ml/kg) intramuscularly 30 minutes later. Group 3 received 0.8 g/kg fenthion subcutaneously, followed by diphenhydramine 30 mg/kg (in 3 ml/kg) intramuscularly 30 minutes later. All rats underwent laparotomy and thoracotomy while under anesthesia at 24 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with diphenhydramine significantly decreased the blood cTnI levels. Additionally, diphenhydramine significantly reduced myocardial injury, including edema, inflammation, vacuolization and necrosis, as determined by pathologic scoring.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Organophosphate poisoning can cause myocardial injury as determined by measurement of I cTnI levels. Our study demonstrates that this injury can be attenutated by the administration of diphenydramine.
authors.affiliation: Department of emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. yyavuzmd@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Yucel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yavuz
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yurumez
authors.forename: Ihsan Hakki
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Ciftci
authors.forename: Onder
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.forename: Hayrettin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saglam
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buyukokuroglu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000506:poisoning*; D004155:Diphenhydramine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced; D005284:Fenthion / Q000506:poisoning*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007813:Laparotomy; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D009336:Necrosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013908:Thoracotomy; D019210:Troponin I / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D019210:Troponin I; D004155:Diphenhydramine; D005284:Fenthion