title: Mitochondrial Ca2+ and the heart.
abstract: It is now well established that mitochondria accumulate Ca(2+) ions during cytosolic Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) elevations in a variety of cell types including cardiomyocytes. Elevations in intramitochondrial Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](m)) activate several key enzymes in the mitochondrial matrix to enhance ATP production, alter the spatial and temporal profile of intracellular Ca(2+) signaling, and play an important role in the initiation of cell death pathways. Moreover, mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake stimulates nitric oxide (NO) production by mitochondria, which modulates oxygen consumption, ATP production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and in turn provides negative feedback for the regulation of mitochondrial Ca(2+) accumulation. Controversy remains, however, whether in cardiac myocytes mitochondrial Ca(2+) transport mechanisms allow beat-to-beat transmission of fast cytosolic [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations into oscillatory changes in mitochondrial matrix [Ca(2+)](m). This review critically summarizes the recent experimental work in this field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA. ededkov@lumc.edu
authors.forename: Elena N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Dedkova
authors.forename: Lothar A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Blatter
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D025461:Feedback, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002118:Calcium