title: Study of aneuploidy in large-headed, multiple-tailed spermatozoa: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the meiotic segregation in large-headed, multiple-tailed spermatozoa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of sperm nuclei by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 34-year-old man with 100% morphologically abnormal spermatozoa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dual-color FISH for chromosomes 13 and 21 and triple-color FISH for chromosomes X, Y, and 18 were performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Aneuploidy rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  More than 99% of the spermatozoa had abnormal content for chromosomes X, Y, 13, 18, and 21. Diploidy, triploidy, and tetraploidy rates were found to be 18.42%, 6.14%, and 33.99% in triple-color FISH and to be 16.09%, 16.28%, and 38.95% in dual-color FISH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results and those from other investigators show that large-headed, multiple-tailed spermatozoa are associated with a high rate of polyploidy and aneuploidy. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection should not be recommended to those patients, not only because of its low success rate but also because of its high genetic risk.
authors.affiliation: Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Laboratoire d'Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France.
authors.forename: Aurore
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perrin
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morel
authors.forename: Ludovic
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moy
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Colleu
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Amice
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Braekeleer
mesh_terms: D000782:Aneuploidy; D053713:Azoospermia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D013077:Sperm Head / Q000473:pathology*; D013082:Sperm Tail / Q000473:pathology*