title: Successful use of etanercept in the treatment of acute lupus hemophagocytic syndrome.
abstract: Hemophagocytic syndrome has been reported to be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. A 25-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus developed hemophagocytic syndrome that was refractory to the combination therapy with high-dose corticosteroid, cyclosporine, and high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin, and successfully treated with the tumor necrosis factor inhibitor, etanercept. This case report provided the first observation that etanercept may be useful for the treatment of hemophagocytic syndrome associated with systemic lupus erythematosus refractory to conventional therapy.
authors.affiliation: Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya Higashi Municipal Hospital, Nagoya, Japan. ta-nobu@muf.biglobe.ne.jp
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Taio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naniwa
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banno
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000068800:Etanercept; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D051359:Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000068800:Etanercept