title: Serum liver enzyme activities in healthy Miniature Schnauzers with and without hypertriglyceridemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether hypertriglyceridemia in healthy Miniature Schnauzers is associated with high serum liver enzyme activities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  65 Miniature Schnauzers with serum triglyceride concentrations within the reference range (group 1), 20 Miniature Schnauzers with slightly high serum triglyceride concentrations (group 2), and 20 Miniature Schnauzers with moderately to severely high serum triglyceride concentrations (group 3).
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaires regarding each dog's medical history were completed, and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and G-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activities were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median serum ALP activity was significantly higher in group 3 than in group 1 or 2 dogs, but was not significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1 dogs. Median serum ALT activity was significantly higher in group 3 than in group 1 dogs, but was not significantly different between any of the other groups. Compared with group 1 dogs, group 2 and 3 dogs were significantly more likely to have high serum ALP activity (odds ratio, 26.2 and 192.6, respectively). Group 3 dogs also were significantly more likely to have high serum ALT activity (odds ratio, 8.0), serum AST activity (odds ratio, 3.7), and serum GGT activity (odds ratio, 11.3), compared with group 1 dogs. Group 3 dogs were significantly more likely (odds ratio, 31.0) to have > or = 2 high serum liver enzyme activities than were group 1 dogs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggested that moderate to severe hypertriglyceridemia was associated with high serum liver enzyme activities in Miniature Schnauzers.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
authors.forename: Panagiotis G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Xenoulis
authors.forename: Jan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Suchodolski
authors.forename: Melinda D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Levinski
authors.forename: Jörg M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Steiner
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000201:enzymology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase