title: Src and Wnt signaling regulate dynactin accumulation to the P2-EMS cell border in C. elegans embryos.
abstract: In many organisms, the dynein-dynactin complex is required for the alignment of the mitotic spindle onto the axis of polarity of a cell undergoing asymmetric cell division. How this complex transduces polarity cues, either intrinsic or extrinsic, and rotationally aligns the spindle accordingly is not well understood. The Caenorhabditis elegans blastomere P2 polarizes the neighboring EMS blastomere, which causes the EMS spindle to rotationally align along the defined axis of polarity via two redundant signaling pathways: Wnt and Src. Here, we describe how components of the dynactin complex became locally enriched at the P2-EMS border prior to and during rotational alignment of their spindles. Wnt and Src signaling were required for both localized dynactin enrichment, and for rotational alignment of the P2 and EMS spindles. Depleting the trimeric G-protein subunit G alpha did not abolish dynactin accumulation to the P2-EMS border, yet both EMS and P2 spindles failed to rotationally align, indicating that G alpha might act to regulate dynein/dynactin motor activity. By RNAi of a weak dnc-1(ts) allele, we showed that dynactin activity was required at least for EMS spindle rotational alignment.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Haining
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ahna R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Skop
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D000072159:Dynactin Complex; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000378:metabolism; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D015398:Signal Transduction; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D000072159:Dynactin Complex; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D019061:src-Family Kinases