title: Increasing genetic relatedness of ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated in Canada from 1997 to 2005.
abstract: The genetic relatedness of ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates collected from 1997 to 2002 (n = 82) and 2003 to 2005 (n = 123) was compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Increased genetic homogeneity among the isolates from 2003 to 2005 (cluster analysis; P < 0.001) appeared to be due to expansion of existing clonal groups and to introduction of new PFGE types.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Services of Manitoba/Department of Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences Centre, MS673 - 820 Sherbrook St., Winnipeg, Manitoba R3A 1R9, Canada. knichol@hsc.mb.ca
authors.forename: Kimberly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Nichol
authors.forename: Heather J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Karlowsky
authors.forename: George G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Zhanel
authors.forename: Daryl J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hoban
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027081:DNA Gyrase / Q000235:genetics; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV / Q000235:genetics; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000592:standards; D008875:Middle Aged; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D009154:Mutation; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV; D027081:DNA Gyrase