title: High-dose therapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation in angioimmunoblastic lymphoma: complete remission at transplantation is the major determinant of Outcome-Lymphoma Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) have poor prognoses with current conventional chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high-dose therapy (HDT) followed by autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) on patients with AITL.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a retrospective, multicenter study of 146 patients with AITL who received ASCT. The source of the stem cells was peripheral blood in 143 patients. The conditioning regimen varied, and 74% of the patients received carmustine and 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea; etoposide; ara-C; and melphalan chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a median follow-up of 31 months (range, 3 to 174 months), 95 patients (65%) remained alive, and 51 patients (35%) died. Forty-two patients died as a result of disease progression, and nine died as a result of regimen-related toxicity. The cumulative incidence of nonrelapse mortality was 5% and 7% at 12 and 24 months, respectively. The actuarial overall survival (OS) was 67% at 24 months and 59% at 48 months. The cumulative incidence of relapse was estimated at 40% and 51% at 24 and 48 months, respectively. Disease status at transplantation was the major factor that impacted outcome. Patients who received a transplant during first complete remission (CR) had significantly superior progression-free survival and OS. The estimated PFS rates for patients who received their transplants in CR were 70% and 56% at 24 and 48 months, respectively; 42% and 30% for patients with chemotherapy-sensitive disease at those time points, respectively; and 23% at both time points for patients with chemotherapy-refractory disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that HDT and ASCT offers the possibility of long-term disease-free survival to patients with AITL. Early transplantation is necessary to achieve optimal results.
authors.affiliation: University College London, 4 Sentis Court, 8 Carew Rd, Northwood, Middlesex, United Kingdom. c.kyriakou@btinternet.com
authors.forename: Charalampia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kyriakou
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Canals
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goldstone
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caballero
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Metzner
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kobbe
authors.forename: Hans-Jochem
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kolb
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kienast
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reimer
authors.forename: Jurgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Finke
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Oberg
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: Niklas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Theorin
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sureda
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schmitz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002330:Carmustine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018450:Disease Progression; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007119:Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008558:Melphalan / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012074:Remission Induction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D016019:Survival Analysis; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003561:Cytarabine; D005047:Etoposide; D008558:Melphalan; D002330:Carmustine