title: The value of ventriculo-peritoneal shunting in patients with glioblastoma multiforme and ventriculomegaly.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with an advanced-stage glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) often show general motor, gait, and cognitive deterioration. Some have radiological evidence of ventriculomegaly, but the relevance of this to their symptoms may be unclear. Distinction between tumour patients who have dilated fluid spaces as a consequence of tissue loss from surgery or treatment, and those who have a symptomatic hydrocephalic process, one who may gain benefit from insertion of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, is an important clinical challenge.
  
  
  METHODS
  From a series of 530 GBM patients treated by a single surgeon (ZR), we retrospectively reviewed 16 patients with advanced-stage GBM who had presented with non-obstructive ventriculomegaly and clinical deterioration not explained by progressive disease. Each had been treated by insertion of a ventriculo- peritoneal shunt (VPS). Assessments included clinical features, Karnofsky Performance Scale, motor and cognitive findings, complications and survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten patients benefited from insertion of the shunt, with moderate to significant cognitive improvement. Of seven patients who presented with motor symptoms, such as gait instability, general weakness, and slowness, four patients showed significant motor improvement in addition to major cognitive improvement. Early infectious complication occurred in five patients; a late shunt infection in one; one patient had symptoms related to overdrainage; and in another a mechanical shunt malfunction occurred. Three patients died from shunt-related complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insertion of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt can improve cognitive and motor function in a small subset of patients with advanced-stage glioblastoma multiforme and ventriculomegaly. Infection is a major risk in this patient population.
authors.affiliation: Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Constantini
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Blumenthal
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ram
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D017287:Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*