title: Combined monitor for direct and indirect measurement of biofouling.
abstract: Biofouling is one of the most important problems associated with heat exchangers, leading to a loss of thermal performance in their cycle. To maintain them in optimum working condition, biofouling must be kept under control and, to do so, instrumentation is required for its monitoring. The development of the biofouling layer can be qualitatively followed, but only during maintenance shutdown periods is it possible to attain a quantitative assessment. The CMDIMB [Combined Monitor for Direct and Indirect Measurement of Biofouling] was conceived as a means of discovering the evolution of the frictional resistance (f) and the heat transfer resistance (R(f)) of a fluid because these are variables that indirectly define the biofouling deposited in the tubes of a seawater-cooled heat exchanger. They likewise serve to directly indicate its mass and thickness according to the total solid matter adhered over time. The results obtained allowed the values of the variables taken by the CMDIMB to be extrapolated to the heat exchanger that was set up in parallel. The CMDIMB is proposed as a highly useful tool for directly and indirectly monitoring biofouling growth in heat exchangers that do not possess the necessary instrumentation to monitor this phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sciences and Techniques of Navigation and Ship Construction, Cantabria University, Spain.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eguía
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trueba
authors.forename: Belén
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Río-Calonge
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Girón
authors.forename: Juan José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Amieva
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bielva
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017276:Friction; D006358:Hot Temperature; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*; D013814:Thermal Conductivity