[Congenital transient leukemia: a case report].
Neonates with Down's syndrome have an increased risk for congenital leukaemia, particularly acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia (FAB, M7) which most often resolves spontaneously and is called transient leukaemia. It can be observed in non-constitutional trisomy 21 infants then presenting trisomy 21 on blasts cells.


METHODS
We report a transient leukaemia with an isolated pericardial effusion in a phenotypically normal neonate. Trisomy 21 was found on blasts cells. Complete remission remains after 32 months.


CONCLUSIONS
Congenital leukaemias, with trisomy 21 on blasts cells have a good prognosis that justifies observation before using chemotherapy.
Li-Thiao-Te
V
V
Service d'hématologie-oncologie pédiatrique, CHU Nord, place Victor-Pauchet, 80054 Amiens cedex, France. lithiaote.valerie@chu-amiens.fr
Bourges-Petit
E
E
Capiod
J C
JC
Horle
B
B
Micheli
J
J
Morin
G
G
Maingourd
Y
Y
Pautard
B
B
D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007947:Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute / Q000151:congenital* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous
D015703:Antigens, CD