title: Closing the mind's eye: deactivation of visual cortex related to auditory task difficulty.
abstract: Blood oxygen-level-dependent signal decreases relative to baseline (deactivations) can occur with stimulation of an opposing sensory modality. Here, we show the importance of the difficulty of an auditory task on the deactivation of visual cortical areas. Participants performed an auditory temporal-order judgment task in conjunction with sparse-sampling functional MRI at both moderate and high levels of difficulty (adjusted for each individual's own threshold). With moderate difficulty, small deactivations were observed not only in parietal and cingulate cortex, but occipital cortex as well. When the same task was more difficult, deactivations increased significantly to include a greater extent of functionally defined visual cortex. Together, these results suggest that cross-modal deactivations occur in compensation for task difficulty, perhaps acting as an intrinsic filter for nonrelevant information.
authors.affiliation: ANSIR Lab, Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27257, USA. dhair@wfubmc.edu
authors.forename: W David
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Hairston
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Hodges
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Casanova
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayasaka
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Maldjian
authors.forename: Jonathan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Burdette
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*