title: Follow-up of CRT-ICD: implications for the use of remote follow-up systems. Data from the InSync ICD Italian Registry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Launch of remote follow-up systems in Europe is currently underway. However, there is insufficient understanding of postimplant practices with respect to device follow-up, reprogramming of device features, and postshock clinic visits.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed device-stored data from patients implanted with biventricular defibrillators (CRT-ICD) to characterize the management of patients in current clinical practice and the potential impact of remote follow-up systems.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and seventeen patients were identified, all with complete device-data for at least one year. Over a follow-up period of 570 +/- 158 days, 1,959 device interrogations were performed. Of these, the majority (1,280, 65%) involved the reprogramming of device parameters. The mean time interval between interrogations was 70 +/- 25 days. Overall, a marked reduction of interrogations requiring reprogramming was observed between the first six months of follow-up and subsequent periods (from 3.6 +/- 1.8 to 1.1 +/- 1.0 interrogations/six months). A mean of 6.0 +/- 5.9 device parameters was reprogrammed during the first six months of follow-up, versus 4.4 +/- 5.6 (P = 0.000) during the subsequent period. From multivariate analysis, a higher-than-median number of interrogations was found to be significantly associated with defibrillator shocks (OR:2.51; 95%CI:1.42-4.42). Following a shock, a total of 133 interrogations in 60 patients were performed with 80% of these occurring within five days of the shock, and 49% did not require device reprogramming.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Six months after implant, reprogramming of device parameters is significantly less frequent, making the use of remote follow-up systems a practical alternative for patients and physicians. Moreover, a considerable portion of post-shock interrogations does not involve reprogramming and may therefore be performed remotely.
authors.affiliation: Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy. maurizio.lunati@ospedaleniguarda.it
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lunati
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gasparini
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santini
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Landolina
authors.forename: Giovanni B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Perego
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pappone
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marzegalli
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Argiolas
authors.forename: Anant
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Murthy
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Valsecchi
mesh_terms: D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric