title: Effective inhibition of Japanese encephalitis virus replication by small interfering RNAs targeting the NS5 gene.
abstract: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, causes an acute infection of the central nervous system resulting in encephalitis of humans and many kinds of animals. NS5, the largest and most conserved flavivirus protein, is homologous to methyltransferase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. RNA interference is an effective anti-viral strategy to inhibit viral replication in vitro. In this study, four short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression vectors (pS4.1-NS5-201, pS4.1-NS5-455, pS4.1-NS5-699, and pS4.1-NS5-804) targeting the NS5 gene of JEV were employed to target and destroy JEV transcripts. The four shRNAs expression plasmids were individually co-transfected into 293T cells with the plasmid pNS5-EGFP expressing NS5 fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein. The expression level of NS5 was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, real time RT-PCR, and Western blot. The four shRNA expression plasmids were also transfected into BHK-21 cells to examine their inhibition of viral replication by indirect immunofluorescence, real time RT-PCR, and Western blot. The results provided strong evidence that shRNAs targeting the NS5 gene could specifically and efficiently inhibit JEV replication. Three out of four plasmids were highly efficient at inhibiting viral replication, including pS4.1-NS5-455, pS4.1-NS5-699, and pS4.1-NS5-804. This was especially true for pS4.1-NS5-699, which reduced the levels of virus RNA and protein the most. Our data suggest that shRNAs could be used as a tool to inhibit JEV replication in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wen-Bao
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Rong-Hong
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Li-Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Guang-Zhi
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Gui-Hong
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Dong-Lai
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004664:Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D034622:RNA Interference; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000235:genetics; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: C096041:NS5 protein, flavivirus; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins