title: "False-positive" cardiac catheterization laboratory activation among patients with suspected ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Allowing the emergency department physician to activate the cardiac catheterization laboratory is a key strategy to reduce door-to-balloon times in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). There are limited data on the frequency of "false-positive" catheterization laboratory activation in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for suspected STEMI.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence, etiology, and outcomes of false-positive cardiac catheterization laboratory activation in patients with a suspected STEMI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective registry from a regional system that includes transfer of patients with STEMI from 30 community and rural hospitals with pretransfer catheterization laboratory activation for percutaneous coronary intervention at a tertiary cardiovascular center in Minnesota. A total of 1345 patients were enrolled from March 2003 to November 2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prevalence of false-positive catheterization laboratory activation in patients with suspected STEMI by 3 criteria: no culprit coronary artery, no significant coronary artery disease, and negative cardiac biomarker results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 1335 patients with suspected STEMI who underwent angiography, 187 (14%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 12.2%-16.0%) had no culprit coronary artery and 127 (9.5%; 95% CI, 8.0%-11.2%) did not have significant coronary artery disease. Cardiac biomarker levels were negative in 11.2% (95% CI, 9.6%-13.0%) of patients. The combination of no culprit artery with negative cardiac biomarker results was present in 9.2% (95% CI, 7.7%-10.9%) of patients. Thirty-day mortality was 2.7% (95% CI, 0.4%-5.0%) without vs 4.6% (95% CI, 3.4%-5.8%) with a culprit coronary artery (P = .33).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency of false-positive cardiac catheterization laboratory activation for suspected STEMI is relatively common in community practice, depending on the definition of false-positive. Recent emphasis on rapid door-to-balloon times must also consider the consequences of false-positive catheterization laboratory activation.
authors.affiliation: Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation at Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55407, USA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.forename: Katie M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Menssen
authors.forename: Scott W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Sharkey
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duval
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Jeffrey T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Meland
authors.forename: Barbara T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Unger
authors.forename: Timothy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Henry
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002037:Bundle-Branch Block; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D010360:Patient Transfer
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers