title: Prompt, aggressive BP lowering in high-risk patients.
abstract: Various populations with hypertension have been singled out by current treatment guidelines as requiring more specific treatment. These include patients with stage 2 hypertension, black patients, and patients with coexistent diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. Hypertension in these groups is often associated with higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This article reviews current knowledge regarding hypertension in high-risk patient populations, with a particular focus on the importance of prompt, aggressive treatment to lower blood pressure and prevent cardiovascular disease progression. Such treatment includes the early use of multiple-drug therapy with agents that have complementary blood pressure-lowering mechanisms and provide protection from target organ damage. While 2- or 3-drug antihypertensive therapy in these high-risk groups has typically included a diuretic, other combinations of agents may be indicated. Evidence suggests that therapy with a calcium channel blocker and an inhibitor of the renin-angiotensin system is one effective strategy for lowering blood pressure and improving outcomes in these populations.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health Care System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. jamerson@umich.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Jamerson
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Basile
mesh_terms: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D044383:Black People; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D004232:Diuretics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004232:Diuretics