title: Etiopathological factors related to hydrocephalus associated with vestibular schwannoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We retrospectively analyzed various clinical factors to determine whether or not these factors are etiopathologically related to the development of hydrocephalus in patients with vestibular schwannomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 68 patients (29 men, 39 women) in this study who underwent resection of a vestibular schwannoma. The age at the time of surgery ranged from 19 to 76 years (mean age, 51.4 yr). The maximum diameter of the tumor in the cerebellopontine cistern ranged from 0 (localized within the internal auditory canal) to 56 mm (mean, 32.0 +/- 12.9 mm). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein concentration in the cerebellomedullary cistern was measured intraoperatively in all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen (23.5%) of the 68 patients exhibited radiographic evidence of hydrocephalus. Univariate analysis of various factors revealed that both tumor size and CSF protein concentration were positively related to development of hydrocephalus (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). However, in multiple logistic regression analysis, only the CSF protein concentration was predictive for development of hydrocephalus (P = 0.022). There was a trend toward increased CSF protein concentration in patients with a large tumor (> or = 40 mm) compared with those with a small tumor (< 40 mm) (P = 0.06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high CSF protein concentration in fluid from the cerebellomedullary cistern is one of the most important factors contributing to hydrocephalus associated with vestibular schwannoma. It is important to judge whether or not any further treatment is required for hydrocephalus, in addition to tumor resection, especially in patients with communicating hydrocephalus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata, Niigata-City, Japan. mfuku529@bri.niigata-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oishi
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takao
authors.forename: Ryuichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Yukihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujii
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009464:Neuroma, Acoustic / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; C034911:serum cancer-suppressive peptide, mouse