Paradoxical air embolism during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a case report.
Air embolism is a rare complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Patent foramen ovale, which is necessary in fetal circulation, is a potential route for emboli arising from the venous system to enter the systemic arterial circulation, resulting in paradoxical air embolism syndrome. A case of paradoxical air embolism during percutaneous nephrolithotomy is presented. To our knowledge, this is the first report of paradoxical air embolism associated with patent foramen ovale during percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
Song
Seung Hun
SH
Department of Urology, CHA General Hospital, College of Medicine, Pochon CHA University, Seoul, Korea.
Hong
Bumsik
B
Park
Hyung Keun
HK
Park
Taehan
T
D000328:Adult; D004240:Diverticulum / Q000601:surgery; D004618:Embolism, Air / Q000209:etiology*; D019320:Embolism, Paradoxical / Q000209:etiology*; D054092:Foramen Ovale, Patent / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000009:adverse effects*