title: Identifying risk of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia and early discharge for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient newborns in Singapore.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aims to compare and assess usefulness of day 3 and 4 (49 to 96 hours) pre-phototherapy total serum bilirubin (TSB) in predicting subsequent significant hyperbilirubinaemia (SHB) in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient neonates.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study was on all the G6PD deficient newborns weighing >2500 g. Day 3 and 4 pre-phototherapy TSB and phototherapy requirements in their first 2 weeks of life were analysed for its value in predicting subsequent SHB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of G6PD deficiency was 2.4%, 1 per 42 live births (1.3% in males and 1.1% in females). Phototherapy was required in 51% of G6PD deficient infants, all within the first week of life. In the absence of SHB in the first week, the probability of its development in the second week was zero (95% confidence interval, 0 to 0.051). The day 4 pre-phototherapy TSB of <160 micromol/L predicted no measurable risk of subsequent SHB (sensitivity, 94%; 95% confidence interval, 83.5% to 97.9%; specificity 82.8%; 95% confidence interval, 71.1% to 90.4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  G6PD deficient newborns without SHB in their first week of life were at no measurable risk of its development in the second week. Day 4 pre-phototherapy has better sensitivity and specificity compared to day 3 pre-phototherapy TSB in predicting the risk of subsequent SHB. Low-risk infants, thus identified, may be eligible for discharge on or before day 7 of life. Infants with Day 4 TSB <160 can be even discharge on day 4 with follow-up appointment. Evidence-based early discharge can decrease the social, emotional and financial burden of G6PD deficiency in Singapore.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. varsha.atul.shah@sgh.com.sg
authors.forename: Varsha Atul
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Cheo Lian
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Yeo
mesh_terms: D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D005955:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000191:economics / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D051556:Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007567:Jaundice, Neonatal; D008297:Male; D010351:Patient Discharge; D010789:Phototherapy; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D001663:Bilirubin