Average-power mediated ultrafast laser osteotomy using a mode-locked Nd:YVO4 laser oscillator.
By using a novel temporal characterization technique, we determined that a threshold average laser power of 160 mW is required to drill through a 0.75-mm-thick cortical bone for a Nd:YVO(4) mode-locked laser oscillator with a peak intensity of 1.3 GWcm(2). The ablation mechanism is identified as average-power induced carbonization followed by peak-power induced avalanche ionization in the carbonized osseous tissue.
Lee
Y M
YM
Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Surgical Department, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
Tu
R Y
RY
Chiang
A C
AC
Huang
Y C
YC
D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009354:Neodymium; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D015019:Yttrium
D009354:Neodymium; D015019:Yttrium