title: Facilitated transport of diuron and glyphosate in high copper vineyard soils.
abstract: The fate of organic herbicides applied to agricultural fields may be affected by other soil amendments, such as copper applied as a fungicide. The effect of copper on the leaching of diuron and glyphosate through a granitic and a calcareous soil was studied in the laboratory using sieved-soil columns. Each soil was enriched with copper sulfate to obtain soil copper concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg kg(-1). Glyphosate leaching was influenced by soil pH and copper concentration, whereas diuron leaching was not. In the calcareous soil, glyphosate leaching decreased as copper levels increased from 17 mg kg(-1) (background) to 500 mg kg(-1). In the granitic soil, glyphosate leaching increased as copper levels increased from 34 mg kg(-1) (background) to 500 mg kg(-1). The shapes of the copper elution curves in presence of glyphosate were similar to shapes of the glyphosate curves, suggesting the formation of Cu-glyphosate complexes that leach through the soil. Soil copper concentration does not influence diuron leaching. In contrast, increasing copper concentrations reduces glyphosate leaching through calcareous soils, and conversely, increases glyphosate leaching through granitic soils. Our findings suggest that the risk of groundwater contamination by glyphosate increases in granitic soils with elevated copper concentrations.
authors.affiliation: UMR 5561 Biogéosciences, UFR des Sciences de la Terre et de l'Environnement, Université de Bourgogne, 6 boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France. Sylvie.Dousset@u-bourgogne.fr
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dousset
authors.forename: Astrid R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: Jean-Baptiste
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Dessogne
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Guichard
authors.forename: Philippe C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Baveye
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Andreux
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D004237:Diuron / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D011522:Protons; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D003300:Copper; D004237:Diuron; D005998:Glycine; D006540:Herbicides; D011522:Protons; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D000097797:Glyphosate