title: Cost-effective practices in the blood service sector.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to recommend alternative policies, which are tested on a computer simulation model, towards a more cost-effective management of the blood supply chain in the UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  With the use of primary and secondary data from the National Blood Service (NBS) and the supplied hospitals, statistical analysis is conducted and a detailed discrete event simulation model of a vertical part of the UK supply chain of blood products is developed to test and identify good ordering, inventory and distribution practices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fewer outdates, group substitutions, shortages and deliveries could be achieved by blood banks: holding stock of rare blood groups of red blood cells (RBC), having a second routine delivery per weekday, exercising a more insensitive ordering point for RBC, reducing the total crossmatch release period to less than 1.5 days, increasing the transfusion-to-crossmatch ratio to 70%, adhering to an age-based issuing of orders, holding RBC stock of a weighted average of approximately 4 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The blood supply simulation model can offer useful pieces of advice to the stakeholders of the examined system which leads to cost reductions and increased safety. Moreover, it provides a great range of experimental capabilities in a risk-free environment.
authors.affiliation: Business School, Middlesex University, London NW4 4BT, UK. k.katsaliaki@mdx.ac.uk
authors.forename: Korina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katsaliaki
mesh_terms: D001771:Blood Banks / Q000191:economics* / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D011050:Policy Making; D013222:State Medicine / Q000458:organization & administration; D006113:United Kingdom