title: [Stages of change in smoking cessation and factors related to re-smoking after coronary artery bypass graft surgery].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the stages of change in smoking cessation after a Coronary Artery Bypass Graft(CABG) and to identify the related factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects (n=157) were patients who underwent a CABG in a university hospital from March 1998 to October 2005 and were smokers before the CABG. Data was collected via chart review and a telephone interview, and analyzed with descriptive statistics, chi(2) test, one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis procedure by the SPSS/PC win 12.0 program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The subjects smoked for an average of 34 years (21 cigarettes per day) before surgery. Eleven percent of the subjects were in pre-contemplation, 6.4% in contemplation, 13.5% in preparation, 4.5% in action, and 64.5% in the maintenance stage. Nicotine dependence and self-efficacy were different among the groups with different stages of change in smoking cessation. Nicotine dependence was the lowest (p=0.00) and self-efficacy was the highest (p=0.00) in the maintenance stage. The number of subjects in pre-contemplation and contemplation significantly increased 6 years after surgery (p=0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To implement effective smoking cessation interventions for CABG patients, the intervention should be developed to accommodate individual readiness for smoking cessation, especially so for those who had a CABG more than 6 years previously.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Kyung Ja
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Smi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choi-Kwon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012044:Regression Analysis; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000517:prevention & control