title: Real-time magnetic resonance imaging driven by electromagnetic locator for interventional procedure and endoscopic therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical navigation systems using an optical position sensor have the occlusion problem due to a person or instrument in the line of sight of the camera. In this study, occlusion-free real-time magnetic resonance (MR) scanning with a passive electromagnetic locator is proposed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A newly developed converter transforms the data of an electromagnetic locator into that of an optical sensor. Registration between the two different coordinate systems is performed for the electromagnetic locator to substitute the optical sensor without modifying the MRI system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An oil marker attached to the electromagnetic locator was identified in real-time MR images. Preliminary results demonstrated the high usability of the electromagnetic locator as an alternative position tracking method in the MR gantry.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The occlusion problem of optical sensors is resolved by the proposed method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanobiomedicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashiku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. hong@dem.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Jaesung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Kozo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashizume
mesh_terms: D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*