Inflammation, genes and zinc in Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous and progressive neurodegenerative disease which in Western society mainly accounts for clinical dementia. AD has been linked to inflammation and metal biological pathway. Neuro-pathological hallmarks are senile plaques, resulting from the accumulation of several proteins and an inflammatory reaction around deposits of amyloid, a fibrillar protein, Abeta, product of cleavage of a much larger protein, the beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and neurofibrillary tangles. Amyloid deposition, due to the accumulation of Abeta peptide, is the main pathogenetic mechanism. Inflammation clearly occurs in pathologically vulnerable regions of AD and several inflammatory factors influencing AD development, i.e. environmental factors (pro-inflammatory phenotype) and/or genetic factors (pro-inflammatory genotype) have been described. At the biochemical level metals such as zinc are known to accelerate the aggregation of the amyloid peptide and play a role in the control of inflammatory responses. In particular, zinc availability may regulate mRNA cytokine expression, so influencing inflammatory network phenotypic expression.
Vasto
Sonya
S
Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Methodology, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory, 211, 90134 Palermo, Italy.
Candore
Giuseppina
G
Listì
Florinda
F
Balistreri
Carmela Rita
CR
Colonna-Romano
Giuseppina
G
Malavolta
Marco
M
Lio
Domenico
D
Nuzzo
Domenico
D
Mocchegiani
Eugenio
E
Di Bona
Danilo
D
Caruso
Calogero
C
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D016207:Cytokines; D002784:Cholesterol; D015032:Zinc