An update on apocrine lesions of the breast.
Apocrine change occurs in a spectrum of benign lesions in the female breast and is also demonstrated in a subgroup of in situ and invasive carcinomas. Recent research has focused on the molecular phenotype of both benign and malignant apocrine lesions. This review will briefly summarize the morphological characteristics and risk associations of the spectrum of apocrine proliferations, but will focus on the updated molecular studies of both in situ and invasive apocrine carcinomas.
O'Malley
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Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. fomalley@mtsinai.on.ca
Bane
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D001050:Apocrine Glands / Q000473:pathology*; D047688:Breast Cyst / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors