Oxygreen process applied on nongerminated and germinated wheat: role of hydroxamic acids.
Wheat samples were taken at different stages of germination characterized by their falling number (which is a relevant indicator of germination) from 400 to 60 s. Each batch was treated by the Oxygreen process, a treatment by ozone, in a closed sequential batch reactor. Leucotriene B4 (LTB 4) was induced by germination, but ozone treatment did not increase this effect. Extract obtained from these wheat batches was applied on human epithelial bronchial cells. Wheat extract from nongerminated wheat did not induce any DNA adduct. More the wheat germination gets underway, more DNA adducts are observed. In contrast, germination did not affect the cell viability. Ozonization of wheat exemplified genotoxic effects only if the wheat was germinated. The implication of hydroxamic acids is discussed. In conclusion, ozonization of wheat, of high milling quality, does not pose any problem.
Dubois
Michel
M
Green Technologies, ZAC de la Madeleine, Avenue du Général Patton CS 61848, 35418 Saint-Malo Cedex, France.
Canadas
Delphine
D
Despres-Pernot
Anne-Gaëlle
AG
Coste
Christian
C
Pfohl-Leszkowicz
Annie
A
D001980:Bronchi; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000032:analysis; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D018525:Germination; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000032:analysis; D010126:Ozone; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry*
D018736:DNA Adducts; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D010126:Ozone