title: Effects of possible endocrine disruptors on MyD88-independent TLR4 signaling.
abstract: Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may potentially worsen infectious diseases because EDCs disturb human immune function by interfering with endocrine balance. To evaluate the influence of EDCs on the innate immune function of macrophages, we investigated the effects of 37 possible EDCs on lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of the IFN-beta promoter. Alachlor, atrazine, benomyl, bisphenol A, carbaryl, diethyl phthalate, dipropyl phthalate, kelthane, kepone, malathion, methoxychlor, octachlorostyrene, pentachlorophenol, nonyl phenol, p-octylphenol, simazine and ziram all inhibited the activation. Kepone and ziram showed strong inhibitory effects. Aldicarb, amitrole, benzophenone, butyl benzyl phthalate, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, dibutyl phthalate, 2,4-dichlorophenol, dicyclohexyl phthalate, diethylhexyl adipate, diethylhexyl phthalate, dihexyl phthalate, di-n-pentyl phthalate, methomyl, metribuzin, nitrofen, 4-nitrotoluene, permethrin, trifluralin, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid and vinclozolin had no significant effects at 100 muM. These results indicate that some agrochemicals and resin-related chemicals may potentially inhibit macrophage function, which suggests that endocrine disruptors may influence the development of infectious diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan. tanamoto@nihs.go.jp
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Arisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muroi
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008156:Luciferases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; C493487:Tlr4 protein, mouse; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D016899:Interferon-beta; D008156:Luciferases