title: Assaying protein palmitoylation in plants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Protein S-acylation (also known as palmitoylation) is the reversible post-translational addition of acyl lipids to cysteine residues in proteins through a thioester bond. It allows strong association with membranes. Whilst prediction methods for S-acylation exist, prediction is imperfect. Existing protocols for demonstrating the S-acylation of plant proteins are either laborious and time consuming or expensive.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We describe a biotin switch method for assaying the S-acylation of plant proteins. We demonstrate the technique by showing that the heterotrimeric G protein subunit AGG2 is S-acylated as predicted by mutagenesis experiments. We also show that a proportion of the Arabidopsis alpha-tubulin subunit pool is S-acylated in planta. This may account for the observed membrane association of plant microtubules. As alpha-tubulins are ubiquitously expressed they can potentially be used as a positive control for the S-acylation assay regardless of the cell type under study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We provide a robust biotin switch protocol that allows the rapid assay of protein S-acylation state in plants, using standard laboratory techniques and without the need for expensive or specialised equipment. We propose alpha-tubulin as a useful positive control for the protocol.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. piers.hemsley@bristol.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Piers A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Hemsley
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Claire S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Grierson