title: The acute effect of acupuncture on 20-km cycling performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine acupuncture's effect on cycling performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective, single-blind, patient as own control (repeated measures), crossover design. Subjects underwent 3 tests a week, riding a stationary bike for 20-km as fast as able. Before each test, they received acupuncture (test A), "sham" acupuncture (test B), and no intervention (control, test C) once each in a random order.
  
  
  METHODS
  University of Alberta, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine.
  
  
  METHODS
  20 male cyclists (age, 18 to 30 years) were recruited via convenience sampling of students and general public. Athletic ability was assessed through a questionnaire and modified Par-Q.
  
  
  METHODS
  Acupuncture, sham acupuncture, and no intervention in random order with each subject before each test. Acupuncture points were chosen on the basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine and administered immediately before cycling. Sham was shallow needling of known acupoints.
  
  
  METHODS
  The outcome measures of each of the tests were time to completion, VAS for lower extremity/exercise-induced pain, Borg rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and blood lactate concentrations, recorded immediately following each test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean times to Test A, B, and C completion were 36.19 +/- 5.23, 37.03 +/- 5.66, and 37.48 +/- 6.00 minutes, respectively, P = 0.76. Mean RPE scores after tests A, B, and C were 17.65 +/- 0.67, 16.95 +/- 0.99, and 16.85 +/- 0.88, respectively, P = 0.0088. Mean VAS scores after tests A, B, and C were 7.72 +/- 0.86, 7.94 +/- 0.78, and 8.08 +/- 0.69, respectively, P = 0.76.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The only statistically significant finding was that acupuncture gave higher RPE scores compared to the other tests. The clinical significance was that the higher RPE scores gave lower time and VAS scores.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. satpal@ualberta.ca
authors.forename: Satpal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dhillon
mesh_terms: D026881:Acupuncture; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000416:Alberta; D001642:Bicycling; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis