Familial myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukaemia--a review.
Familial occurrence of myelodysplasia (MDS) and/or acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is rare but can provide a useful resource for the investigation of predisposing mutations in these myeloid malignancies. To date, examination of families with MDS/AML has lead to the detection of two culprit genes, RUNX1 and CEBPA. Germline mutations in RUNX1 result in familial platelet disorder with propensity to myeloid malignancy and inherited mutations of CEBPA predispose to AML. Unfortunately, the genetic cause remains obscure in most other reported pedigrees. Further insight into the molecular mechanisms of familial MDS/AML will require awareness by clinicians of new patients with relevant family histories.
Owen
Carolyn
C
Centre for Medical Oncology, Barts & the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, UK. carolyn.owen@cancer.org.uk
Barnett
Michael
M
Fitzgibbon
Jude
J
D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D018095:Germ-Line Mutation; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics*; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000235:genetics*; D009386:Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary / Q000235:genetics*; D010375:Pedigree
D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; C515848:CEBPA protein, human; D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit; C493728:RUNX1 protein, human