title: Multiple paxillin binding sites regulate FAK function.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  FAK localization to focal adhesions is essential for its activation and function. Localization of FAK is mediated through the C-terminal focal adhesion targeting (FAT) domain. Recent structural analyses have revealed two paxillin-binding sites in the FAT domain of FAK. To define the role of paxillin binding to each site on FAK, point mutations have been engineered to specifically disrupt paxillin binding to each docking site on the FAT domain of FAK individually or in combination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  These mutants have been characterized and reveal an important role for paxillin binding in FAK subcellular localization and signaling. One paxillin-binding site (comprised of alpha-helices 1 and 4 of the FAT domain) plays a more prominent role in localization than the other. Mutation of either paxillin-binding site has similar effects on FAK activation and downstream signaling. However, the sites aren't strictly redundant as each mutant exhibits phosphorylation/signaling defects distinct from wild type FAK and a mutant completely defective for paxillin binding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The studies demonstrate that the two paxillin-binding sites of FAK are not redundant and that both sites are required for FAK function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA. crispy4@med.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Danielle M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Scheswohl
authors.forename: Jessica R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Harrell
authors.forename: Zenon
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rajfur
authors.forename: Guanghua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Sharon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Schaller