title: Hepatocellular carcinoma associated with recreational anabolic steroid use.
abstract: A 35-year-old male bodybuilder was found to have a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arising in a pre-existing hepatic adenoma following recreational anabolic steroid use. Given the widespread use of recreational anabolic steroids, another potentially life-threatening complication is highlighted in addition to the more commonly recognised hepatic adenoma. Malignant transformation to HCC from a pre-existing hepatic adenoma confirmed by immunohistochemical study has previously not been reported in athletes taking anabolic steroids. Further studies using screening programmes to identify high-risk individuals are recommended.
authors.affiliation: Peter Gorayski, Department of General Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders Drive, Bedford Park, SA, Australia. peter.gorayski@gmail.com
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gorayski
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Subhash
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D014891:Weight Lifting
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents