title: In-treatment vs. out-of-treatment opioid dependent adults: drug use and criminal history.
abstract: This study compared the characteristics of opioid-addicted adults seeking (n = 169) and not seeking (n = 74) methadone treatment in Baltimore, Maryland. Participants entering treatment were recruited from six methadone treatment programs, while out-of-treatment participants were recruited from the streets using targeted sampling methods. Measures included the Addiction Severity Index, a Supplemental Questionnaire, and urine drug test. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, chi(2), and regression, holding key background variables constant. Despite the lack of differences between the samples in demographic characteristics, the out-of-treatment sample reported significantly more days of heroin, cocaine, and alcohol use and spent significantly more money on drugs and earned more illegal income at baseline.
authors.affiliation: Friends Research Institute, Inc., Social Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA. rschwartz@frisrc.org
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Sharon M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Kevin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: O'Grady
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Heather S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Reisinger
authors.forename: Shannon G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Monique E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Michael H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Agar
authors.forename: Barry S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003415:Crime / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008396:Maryland / Q000453:epidemiology; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D018579:Patient Selection; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires