title: Interferonalpha enhances etoposide-induced apoptosis in human osteosarcoma U2OS cells by a p53-dependent pathway.
abstract: Interferonalpha (IFNalpha) induces cell cycle arrest and triggers apoptosis and chemosensitivity. But the mechanism of IFNalpha in regulating chemosensitivity has not been fully understood. To study whether IFNalpha affected chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells, we treated p53-wild U2OS cells and p53-mutant MG63 cells with IFNalpha and etoposide, alone or in combination, and then examined growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. IFNalpha enhanced etoposide-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in p53-wild U2OS cells but not p53-mutant MG63 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Etoposide-induced G2/M phase arrest was also enhanced by IFNalpha. The enhanced apoptosis was associated with the accumulation of transcriptionally active p53 accompanied with increased Bax and Mdm2, as well as decreased Bcl-2. IFNalpha also activated caspases-3, -8 and -9 protein kinases and PARP cleavage in response to etoposide in U2OS cells. Moreover, the combination-induced cytotoxicity and PARP cleavage were significantly reduced by caspase pan inhibitor and p53 siRNA. Thus we conclude that IFNalpha enhances etoposide-induced apoptosis in human osteosarcoma U2OS cells by a p53-dependent and caspase-activation pathway. The proper combination of IFNalpha and conventional chemotherapeutic agents may be a rational strategy for the treatment of human osteosarcoma with functional p53.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
authors.forename: Xiang-Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Xiao-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Sheng-Gen
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Zhong-Xian
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiu-Fang
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Pu-Yi
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: Ai-Shan
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Zi-Bo
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Gong-Kan
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Wei-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005047:Etoposide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009154:Mutation; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 / Q000378:metabolism; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; C494826:BAX protein, human; D004338:Drug Combinations; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D005047:Etoposide; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2