title: Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis: an old and new threat.
abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a worldwide emergency (8 million new cases per year, 2 million deaths annually) mostly affecting poor countries. To this old, persistent threat, a new emergency is adding further challenge, i.e., the multidrug-resistant TB, which in its extreme and highly lethal form is called XDR TB (extensively drug-resistant TB). How to fight XDR TB is a high research and public health priority.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Parassitarie e Immunomediate, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Lanfranco
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fattorini
authors.forename: Giovanni Battista
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Migliori
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cassone
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D054908:Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents