title: Rabbits fed cholesterol-enriched diets exhibit pathological features of inclusion body myositis.
abstract: Sporadic inclusion body myositis (IBM) is the most common age-related muscle disease in humans; however, its etiology is unknown, there are few animal models for this disease, and effective treatments have not been identified. Similarities between pathological findings in Alzheimer's disease brain and IBM skeletal muscle include increased levels of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and amyloid beta-protein (Abeta). Moreover, there have been suggestions that elevated levels of free cholesterol might participate in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and IBM due, in part, to its role in Abeta generation. Here, we tested the hypothesis that rabbits fed cholesterol-enriched diets might faithfully exhibit human-like IBM pathological features. In skeletal muscle of one-third of the female rabbits fed cholesterol-enriched diet but not control diet, we found features of IBM, including vacuolated muscle fibers, increased numbers of mononuclear inflammatory cells, increased intramuscular deposition of Abeta, hyperphosphorylated tau, and increased numbers of muscle fibers immunopositive for ubiquitin. The cholesterol-enriched diet increased mRNA and protein levels of APP, increased the protein levels of betaAPP cleaving enzyme, and shifted APP processing in favor of Abeta production. Our study has demonstrated that increased ingestion of high levels of dietary cholesterol can result in pathological features that resemble IBM closely and thus may serve as an important new model with which to study this debilitating disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, 501 N. Columbia Road, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203, USA.
authors.forename: Xuesong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Othman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ghribi
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Geiger
mesh_terms: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology; D018979:Myositis, Inclusion Body / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology*; D011817:Rabbits; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D025801:Ubiquitin; D016875:tau Proteins; D002784:Cholesterol