title: Anti-müllerian hormone as a marker of ovarian function in women after chemotherapy and radiotherapy for haematological malignancies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In female cancer survivors, the accelerated loss of primordial follicles as a result of gonadal damage may lead to premature ovarian failure (POF). However, the extent of the damage is unpredictable. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) constitutes a sensitive marker of ovarian reserve. Serum AMH levels were measured to assess sub-clinical ovarian damage in patients treated with gonadotoxic therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 25 patients with haematological malignancies, serum AMH concentrations were measured prior to and after cancer therapy and were compared with normo-ovulatory controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all patients, AMH concentrations were lower than controls prior to treatment. Thirteen patients were treated with multi-drug chemotherapy. Although in most patients treated with chemotherapy menstrual cyclicity was restored, median serum AMH levels were lower than in controls. Twelve patients had stem cell transplantation (SCT) after total body irradiation. They all developed POF and their serum AMH concentrations were undetectable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female cancer survivors treated with SCT all developed POF. Hence, in these patients fertility preservation should be considered. In patients treated with chemotherapy, ovarian reserve seems to be compromised as well.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Room Hs-422K, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands. s.liefong@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lie Fong
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lugtenburg
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schipper
authors.forename: A P N
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Themmen
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sonneveld
authors.forename: J S E
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Laven
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D010053:Ovary / Q000502:physiology*; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone