title: Work-related factors, sleep debt and insomnia in IT professionals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reduced sleep can be associated with a risk of health problems. Information technologies (IT) professionals often work long hours and this could have an effect on their sleep quality.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the prevalence of sleep debt, insomnia and long working hours among Finnish IT professionals and to analyse which specific work-related factors are associated with shortened sleep.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional, representative data from a questionnaire survey of IT professionals. Hierarchical regression analyses were applied to investigate relationships of sleep debt and insomnia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 2,334 IT professionals responded to the survey. Thirty-seven per cent reported sleep debt of at least 1 h and 6% of at least 2 h, while 16% reported insomnia. Twenty-seven per cent worked for a minimum of 50 h a week, while 31% spent at least 50 h a week on work. The most important factors associated with both sleep debt and insomnia were work-related demands requiring long hours, mental stamina and problem solving and positive perceptions of work, such as job control and importance of the respondents' own work in their life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even though long working hours were common among IT professionals in Finland, sleep debt and insomnia were not. Work-related factors were associated with insufficient sleep.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, FI-00250 Helsinki, Finland. marketta.kivisto@ttl.fi
authors.forename: Marketta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kivistö
authors.forename: Mikko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Härmä
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sallinen
authors.forename: Raija
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kalimo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007254:Information Science / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014937:Work; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance; D016526:Workload