Pentoxifylline ameliorates lithium-pilocarpine induced status epilepticus in young rats.
The neuroprotective effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) against lithium-pilocarpine (Li-Pc)-induced status epilepticus (SE) in young rats are described. Animals treated with PTX (0, 20, 40, and 60 mg/kg) before induction of SE were examined for latency to and frequency of SE, behavioral changes, oxidative stress, neurochemical alterations in the hippocampus and striatum, and histological abnormalities in the hippocampus. Treatment with PTX significantly ameliorated the frequency and severity of epileptic seizures in a dose-dependent manner. Our behavioral studies using the elevated plus-maze, rotarod, and water maze tests suggested a significant reduction in anxiety, enhanced motor performance, and improved learning and memory in PTX-treated rats. Li-Pc-induced neuronal cell loss and sprouting of mossy fibers in the hippocampus were also attenuated by PTX. The neuroprotective activity of PTX was accompanied by reduction in oxidative stress and reversal of SE-induced depletion of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in hippocampus and striatum. The results of this study provide a good rationale to explore the prophylactic/therapeutic potential of PTX in SE.
Tariq
Mohammad
M
Neuroscience Research Group, Research Center, Riyadh Military Hospital, W-912, PO Box 7897, Riyadh-11159, Saudi Arabia. rkhres@yahoo.com <rkhres@yahoo.com>
Ahmad
Mohammad
M
Moutaery
Khalaf Al
KA
Deeb
Saleh Al
SA
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000187:drug effects; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology; D008094:Lithium; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010862:Pilocarpine; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D045442:Rotarod Performance Test; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D010862:Pilocarpine; D012701:Serotonin; D008094:Lithium; D005978:Glutathione; D010431:Pentoxifylline; D004298:Dopamine