title: HIV-associated prospective memory impairment increases risk of dependence in everyday functioning.
abstract: HIV infection is associated with impairments in prospective memory (ProM), an aspect of episodic memory that refers to the ability to execute a future intention, such as remembering to take a medication at a specific time. The current study sought to examine the relationship between HIV-associated ProM impairment and the successful management of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). In a cohort of 66 HIV-infected individuals, ProM accounted for a significant proportion of variance in self-reported IADL dependence, over and above that which was explained by retrospective memory and by current affective distress. Analysis of component cognitive processes revealed that the relationship between HIV-associated ProM deficits and IADL dependence was driven by impaired cue detection and by deficits in self-initiated intention retrieval. Results were not better explained by demographic factors, HIV disease severity, psychiatric comorbidity, or substance use. Collectively, these data support the potential incremental ecological validity of ProM as a predictor of dependence in IADLs among persons living with HIV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92103, USA. spwoods@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: Steven Paul
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Iudicello
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Moran
authors.forename: Catherine L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grant
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D003858:Dependency, Psychological; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012306:Risk; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric