title: Expression of cytokine-associated genes in dendritic cells (DCs): comparison between adult peripheral blood- and umbilical cord blood-derived DCs by cDNA microarray.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The expression of cytokine-associated genes in dendritic cells (DCs) derived from umbilical cord blood (UCB) and adult peripheral blood (APB) was comprehensively compared in order to elucidate the difference in DC function between newborns and adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immature DCs were obtained from UCB and APB of healthy human donors. Several cytokines were added to generate mature DCs. Gene expression was compared using cDNA microarray containing 553 cytokine-associated genes. Eleven genes with differential expression were selected and determined their expression levels in DCs by quantitative real-time RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of the Th1 response-related genes (IL-12B and IL-18) and chemokine genes (CXCL9, CXCL13, CCL18 and CCL24) was significantly lower in UCB-DCs than in APB-DC in both maturation states. On the other hand, calgranulins A and B, which are speculated to induce immune tolerance, showed higher expression in UCB-DCs. The expression of cell cycle-related genes (CDC2 and cyclin B1) was significantly higher in UCB-DCs than in APB-DCs, and immature UCB-DCs proliferated more rapidly than immature APB-DCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of genes related to immune responses was significantly different between UCB- and APB-DCs, which may cause a decreased DC-mediated immunity and an increased susceptibility to infection in newborns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. yuuki-k@pediatr.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yuhki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Akinobu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.forename: Aiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suminoe
authors.forename: Hiroyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000075747:Baculoviral IAP Repeat-Containing 3 Protein; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D019926:Cyclin B / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D056744:Cyclin B1; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C534699:CCNB1 protein, human; D019926:Cyclin B; D056744:Cyclin B1; D016207:Cytokines; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; C494832:BIRC3 protein, human; D000075747:Baculoviral IAP Repeat-Containing 3 Protein; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase