title: Primary cell cultures from anaplastic thyroid cancer obtained by fine-needle aspiration used for chemosensitivity tests.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is often inoperable and chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the main treatments. Until now, 'primary ATC cell cultures' (ANA) have been developed from surgical biopsies. We investigated the possibility of obtaining ANA from fine-needle aspiration (FNA-ANA) and testing their sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents, which could enable treatments to be more effective and avoid unnecessary surgical procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  The aim of this study was to obtain FNA-ANA from three ATC patients and to evaluate the chemosensitivity of FNA-ANA to chemotherapeutic agents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FNA-ANA from ATC patients were cultured in RPMI 1640 and propagated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM). Chemosensitivity was evaluated by inhibiting the proliferation (analysing the number of viable cells by the cleavage of tetrazolium salts), by increasing the concentration of four different chemotherapeutic agents: bleomycin, cisplatin, gemcitabine and etoposide. The chemotherapeutic agents significantly inhibited (> 50%) FNA-ANA proliferation. Another ANA for each patient was obtained from a surgical biopsy specimen; the results for the chemosensitivity tests were similar to those obtained using FNA-ANA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrates the possibility of obtaining FNA-ANA, and opens the way to the use of FNA-ANA as a means of testing the chemosensitivity to different chemotherapeutic agents (and possibly the radiosensitivity) in each patient, avoiding unnecessary surgical procedures and the administration of inactive chemotherapeutics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. a.antonelli@med.unipi.it
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antonelli
authors.forename: Silvia Martina
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Poupak
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fallahi
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berti
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Materazzi
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barani
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.forename: Ele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferrannini
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miccoli
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D002452:Cell Count; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor / Q000379:methods*; D005047:Etoposide / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D001761:Bleomycin; D005047:Etoposide; D002945:Cisplatin; D000093542:Gemcitabine