title: Adaptive segmentation of MRI data.
abstract: Intensity-based classification of MR images has proven problematic, even when advanced techniques are used. Intrascan and interscan intensity inhomogeneities are a common source of difficulty. While reported methods have had some success in correcting intrascan inhomogeneities, such methods require supervision for the individual scan. This paper describes a new method called adaptive segmentation that uses knowledge of tissue intensity properties and intensity inhomogeneities to correct and segment MR images. Use of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm leads to a method that allows for more accurate segmentation of tissue types as well as better visualization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, that has proven to be effective in a study that includes more than 1000 brain scans. Implementation and results are described for segmenting the brain in the following types of images: axial (dual-echo spin-echo), coronal [three dimensional Fourier transform (3-DFT) gradient-echo T1-weighted] all using a conventional head coil, and a sagittal section acquired using a surface coil. The accuracy of adaptive segmentation was found to be comparable with manual segmentation, and closer to manual segmentation than supervised multivariant classification while segmenting gray and white matter.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Radiol., Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Grimson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kikinis
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Jolesz