Let me count the ways: mechanisms of gene regulation by miRNAs and siRNAs.
The downregulation of gene expression by miRNAs and siRNAs is a complex process involving both translational repression and accelerated mRNA turnover, each of which appears to occur by multiple mechanisms. Moreover, under certain conditions, miRNAs are also capable of activating translation. A variety of cellular proteins have been implicated in these regulatory mechanisms, yet their exact roles remain largely unresolved.
Wu
Ligang
L
Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine, Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Belasco
Joel G
JG
D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000235:genetics; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D008957:Models, Genetic; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012315:RNA Caps / Q000235:genetics; D034622:RNA Interference; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; D020871:RNA Stability / Q000235:genetics; D018510:RNA, Helminth / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics*; D034743:RNA-Induced Silencing Complex / Q000235:genetics
D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012315:RNA Caps; D018510:RNA, Helminth; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D034743:RNA-Induced Silencing Complex