title: Effects of xylene and formaldehyde inhalations on renal oxidative stress and some serum biochemical parameters in rats.
abstract: In this study, it was aimed to demonstrate the possible renal oxidative stress and some serum biochemical parameters and their alterations caused by the exposure to xylene and formaldehyde (HCHO) in rats. Weighing 150-200g, 12-week-old, 24 female Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group 1 (control), Group 2 (300-ppm technical xylene), Group 3 (6-ppm HCHO) and Group 4 (150-ppm technical xylene + 3-ppm HCHO). The animals were exposed to gases eight hours per day for six weeks. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured. In addition, serum total protein, albumin, urea and creatinine levels were evaluated. Compared with the control animals, urea levels increased significantly in all groups (P < 0.001). GSH activities and MDA levels increased in xylene and xylene + HCHO groups (P < 0.05). No statistically considerable differences were found in SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities, total protein, albumin and creatinine levels among all groups (P > 0.05). The present study indicates but not statistically confirms the renal toxicity of the exposures to xylene, HCHO and a mixture of them.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey. ckum@adu.edu.tr
authors.forename: Cavit
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kum
authors.forename: Selim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sekkin
authors.forename: Funda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kiral
authors.forename: Ferda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akar
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012709:Serum Albumin; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood; D014992:Xylenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D012709:Serum Albumin; D014992:Xylenes; D005557:Formaldehyde; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D014508:Urea; D003404:Creatinine; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione