title: Regulation of presynaptic Ca(V)2.1 channels by Ca2+ sensor proteins mediates short-term synaptic plasticity.
abstract: Short-term synaptic plasticity shapes the postsynaptic response to bursts of impulses and is crucial for encoding information in neurons, but the molecular mechanisms are unknown. Here we show that activity-dependent modulation of presynaptic Ca(V)2.1 channels mediated by neuronal Ca(2+) sensor proteins (CaS) induces synaptic plasticity in cultured superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons. A mutation of the IQ-like motif in the C terminus that blocks Ca(2+)/CaS-dependent facilitation of the P/Q-type Ca(2+) current markedly reduces facilitation of synaptic transmission. Deletion of the nearby calmodulin-binding domain, which inhibits CaS-dependent inactivation, substantially reduces depression of synaptic transmission. These results demonstrate that residual Ca(2+) in presynaptic terminals can act through CaS-dependent regulation of Ca(V)2.1 channels to induce short-term synaptic facilitation and rapid synaptic depression. Activity-dependent regulation of presynaptic Ca(V)2.1 channels by CaS proteins may therefore be a primary determinant of short-term synaptic plasticity and information-processing in the nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
authors.forename: Sumiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mochida
authors.forename: Alexandra P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Few
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Scheuer
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Catterall
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D052139:Intracellular Calcium-Sensing Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008845:Microinjections / Q000379:methods; D009154:Mutation; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques / Q000379:methods; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000502:physiology*; D017783:Superior Cervical Ganglion / Q000166:cytology; D013997:Time Factors; D020867:omega-Agatoxin IVA / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type; D052139:Intracellular Calcium-Sensing Proteins; D020867:omega-Agatoxin IVA