title: Longitudinal change in FEV1 and FVC in chronic spinal cord injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although respiratory dysfunction is common in chronic spinal cord injury (SCI), determinants of longitudinal change in FEV(1) and FVC have not been assessed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Determine factors that influence longitudinal lung function decline in SCI.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 174 male participants (mean age of 49 and 17 yr after injury) completed a respiratory questionnaire and underwent spirometry over an average follow-up of 7.5 years (range, 4-14 yr).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In multivariate models, longitudinal decline in FEV(1) was significantly related to continued smoking, persistent wheeze, an increase in body mass index, and respiratory muscle strength. Aging was associated with an accelerated decline in FEV(1) (for ages <40, 40-60, >60 yr: -27, -37, and -71 ml/yr, respectively). Similar effects were observed for FVC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Longitudinal change in FEV(1) and FVC was not directly related to level and severity of SCI, but was attributable to potentially modifiable factors in addition to age. These results suggest that weight control, smoking cessation, trials directed at the recognition and treatment of wheeze, and efforts to improve respiratory muscle strength may slow lung function decline after SCI.
authors.affiliation: VA Boston Healthcare System, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA 02132, USA.
authors.forename: Kelly L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Stolzmann
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Gagnon
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Carlos G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Tun
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garshick
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D053580:Muscle Strength; D012120:Respiration Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012132:Respiratory Muscles; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014797:Vital Capacity