title: Phase II study of gefitinib for the treatment of recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This single-center, phase II study assessed the safety/tolerability and initial efficacy of gefitinib in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) pretreated with platinum-based chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with recurrent and metastatic NPC who had treatment failure with at least 2 lines of chemotherapy including platinum were given gefitinib at a fixed dose of 250 mg daily. Treatment was continued until the patient experienced unacceptable side effects or disease progression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen patients were enrolled, having had treatment failure with a median of 2 chemotherapy regimens. Treatment was well tolerated, and only grades 1 to 2 adverse events were observed. None of the patients achieved partial or complete response. Median time-to-progression was 4 months, and median overall survival was 16 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gefitinib was well tolerated, but the response rate was poor in this heavily pretreated study population, and its use in NPC is not recommended outside the context of clinical trial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China. dttchua@hkucc.hku.hk
authors.forename: Daniel T T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Chua
authors.forename: William I
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Maria P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Jonathan S T
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Sham
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nicholls
authors.forename: Gordon K H
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Au
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D000077156:Gefitinib; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008875:Middle Aged; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D011799:Quinazolines; D000077156:Gefitinib