title: Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of bovine rhinovirus type 2 shows it is closely related to foot-and-mouth disease virus.
abstract: Bovine rhinovirus 2 (BRV2), a causative agent of respiratory disease in cattle, is tentatively assigned to the genus Rhinovirus in the family Picornaviridae. A nearly full-length cDNA of the BRV2 genome was cloned and the nucleotide sequence determined. BRV2 possesses a putative leader proteinase, a small 2A protein and a poly(C) tract, which are characteristic of aphthoviruses. Alignment of BRV-2 and FMDV polyproteins showed that 41% of amino acids were identical within the P1 region. Furthermore, 2A, 2C, 3B(3), 3C and 3D proteins are as much as 67%, 52%, 52%, 50%, and 64% identical, respectively. BRV2 leader protein is rapidly released from the viral polyprotein and cleaves eIF4G at a rate similar to FMDV leader proteinase, suggesting a functional relationship between the leader protein in these viruses. The results suggest that BRV2 is closely related to FMDV and should therefore be considered as a new species within the genus Aphthovirus.
authors.affiliation: Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA.
authors.forename: Jason R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hollister
authors.forename: Ariel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vagnozzi
authors.forename: Nick J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Knowles
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rieder
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D039603:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G / Q000378:metabolism; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D016679:Genome, Viral; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D010802:Phylogeny; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013045:Species Specificity; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D039603:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins