title: Once-daily high-dose pindolol for paroxetine-refractory premature ejaculation: a double-blind, placebo-controlled and randomized study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pindolol 7.5 mg/d in delaying of ejaculation in paroxetine-refractory patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-six married men (mean age, 33 years) with premature ejaculation unresponsive to paroxetine 20 mg/d given for 2 months or longer were randomized to receive 7.5 mg pindolol (n = 44) (group 1) (PXT + POL) or placebo (n = 42) (group 2) (PXT + PBO) for 6 weeks, while continuing paroxetine. After 6 weeks, all patients received paroxetine and placebo and were followed for 3 further weeks in a single-blind manner. Pretreatment evaluation included history and physical examination, mean intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), and Meares-Stamey test. The efficacy of 2 treatments was assessed every 1 week during treatment and, at the end of study, using responses to IIEF, IELT evaluation, mean intercourse satisfaction domain, mean weekly coitus episodes, and adverse drug effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-seven (89.5%) completed the whole treatment schedule. At the end of 6-week treatment period, the IELT after paroxetine-pindolol and paroxetine-placebo gradually increased from mean 48 and 41 seconds to approximately 188 and 58 seconds, respectively (P = 0.001). The mean weekly intercourse episodes increased from pretreatment values of 1.5 and 1.5 to 2.7 and 1.7, for groups PXT + POL and PXT + PBO, respectively (P = 0.01). Baseline mean intercourse satisfaction domain values of IIEF 12 and 11 reached to 16 and 11 at 6-week treatment in PXT + POL and PXT + PBO groups, respectively (P = 0.01). Upon discontinuing pindolol, all outcome measures returned to baseline values rapidly. The incidence of side effects with paroxetine-pindolol was significantly higher (P = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings support that a single high dose of pindolol (7.5 mg) is an effective augmentation strategy in paroxetine-refractory patients.
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. safarinejad@unrc.ir
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Safarinejad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004542:Ejaculation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010869:Pindolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D017374:Paroxetine; D010869:Pindolol; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors