title: Efficacy of formoterol Turbuhaler in the emergency treatment of patients with obstructive airway diseases.
abstract: Dry powder devices are rarely used in the emergency room (ER) treatment of acute and severe bronchoconstriction due to hesitations with respect to clinical efficacy. This study investigated the effects of two inhalers with formoterol in patients visiting the ER Department for acute and severe dyspnoea, mainly exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Two doses of 12mug formoterol were given at enrolment, either via Turbuhaler or via pressurised metered dose inhaler, connected to a spacer device (pMDI+S) in a double-blind way and parallel design. Another two doses of 12 microg formoterol were given after 30 min. Forced expiratory volume in the 1s (FEV(1)) and Borg dyspnoea score were assessed until 60 min. The study was designed to test non-inferiority in effects on FEV(1). Seventy-seven patients were enrolled with a mean age of 66 years and a FEV(1) of 1.03 L (39% of predicted). The effects of the two treatments were almost identical. The mean improvement in FEV(1) at 60 min after formoterol Turbuhaler was 94% of the improvement after formoterol pMDI+S. A statistically significant non-inferiority was shown (p=0.037) at 60 min (primary endpoint) as well as at 5 and 30 min (secondary endpoints, p=0.0043 and 0.013, respectively). Improvements in the Borg dyspnoea score and other lung-function parameters did not differ significantly between the two devices. In conclusion, formoterol Turbuhaler was equally effective as formoterol pMDI+S in the treatment of acute bronchoconstriction within the ER.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. aaskbk@catharina-ziekenhuis.nl
authors.forename: Kristien M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: van den Broek
authors.forename: Pascal L M L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Wielders
authors.forename: Jacques P H M
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Creemers
authors.forename: Frank W J M
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Smeenk
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate; D006801:Humans; D036503:Inhalation Spacers; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D036501:Metered Dose Inhalers; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D004983:Ethanolamines; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate