Epidemiologic and virologic investigation of hand, foot, and mouth disease, southern Vietnam, 2005.
During 2005, 764 children were brought to a large children's hospital in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, with a diagnosis of hand, foot, and mouth disease. All enrolled children had specimens (vesicle fluid, stool, throat swab) collected for enterovirus isolation by cell culture. An enterovirus was isolated from 411 (53.8%) of the specimens: 173 (42.1%) isolates were identified as human enterovirus 71 (HEV71) and 214 (52.1%) as coxsackievirus A16. Of the identified HEV71 infections, 51 (29.5%) were complicated by acute neurologic disease and 3 (1.7%) were fatal. HEV71 was isolated throughout the year, with a period of higher prevalence in October-November. Phylogenetic analysis of 23 HEV71 isolates showed that during the first half of 2005, viruses belonging to 3 subgenogroups, C1, C4, and a previously undescribed subgenogroup, C5, cocirculated in southern Vietnam. In the second half of the year, viruses belonging to subgenogroup C5 predominated during a period of higher HEV71 activity.
Van Tu
Phan
P
Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Thao
Nguyen Thi Thanh
NTT
Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Perera
David
D
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Truong
Khanh Huu
KH
Children's Hospital No. 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Tien
Nguyen Thi Kim
NTK
Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Thuong
Tang Chi
TC
Children's Hospital No. 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
How
Ooi Mong
OM
Sibu General Hospital, Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Cardosa
Mary Jane
MJ
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
McMinn
Peter Charles
PC
University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002648:Child; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D029821:Enterovirus A, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D010802:Phylogeny; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D014709:Vero Cells; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology
D036022:Capsid Proteins; C442501:VP1 protein, Foot-and-mouth disease virus