title: Muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1) as a connector of muscle energy metabolism and protein synthesis.
abstract: During pathophysiological muscle wasting, a family of ubiquitin ligases, including muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1), has been proposed to trigger muscle protein degradation via ubiquitination. Here, we characterized skeletal muscles from wild-type (WT) and MuRF1 knockout (KO) mice under amino acid (AA) deprivation as a model for physiological protein degradation, where skeletal muscles altruistically waste themselves to provide AAs to other organs. When WT and MuRF1 KO mice were fed a diet lacking AA, MuRF1 KO mice were less susceptible to muscle wasting, for both myocardium and skeletal muscles. Under AA depletion, WT mice had reduced muscle protein synthesis, while MuRF1 KO mice maintained nonphysiologically elevated levels of skeletal muscle protein de novo synthesis. Consistent with a role of MuRF1 for muscle protein turnover during starvation, the concentrations of essential AAs, especially branched-chain AAs, in the blood plasma significantly decreased in MuRF1 KO mice under AA deprivation. To clarify the molecular roles of MuRF1 for muscle metabolism during wasting, we searched for MuRF1-associated proteins using pull-down assays and mass spectrometry. Muscle-type creatine kinase (M-CK), an essential enzyme for energy metabolism, was identified among the interacting proteins. Coexpression studies revealed that M-CK interacts with the central regions of MuRF1 including its B-box domain and that MuRF1 ubiquitinates M-CK, which triggers the degradation of M-CK via proteasomes. Consistent with MuRF1's role of adjusting CK activities in skeletal muscles by regulating its turnover in vivo, we found that CK levels were significantly higher in the MuRF1 KO mice than in WT mice. Glucocorticoid modulatory element binding protein-1 and 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase, previously identified as potential MuRF1-interacting proteins, were also ubiquitinated MuRF1-dependently. Taken together, these data suggest that, in a multifaceted manner, MuRF1 participates in the regulation of AA metabolism, including the control of free AAs and their supply to other organs under catabolic conditions, and in the regulation of ATP synthesis under metabolic-stress conditions where MuRF1 expression is induced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Enzymatic Regulation for Cell Functions (Calpain Project), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science (Rinshoken), Tokyo 113-8613, Japan.
authors.forename: Suguru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Christian C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Witt
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lerche
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ojima
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: Fujiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Stephanie H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Witt
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rybin
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gasch
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Franz
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Labeit
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sorimachi
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency; D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009133:Muscular Atrophy; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000378:metabolism*; D054875:Ubiquitination
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; C513041:Arhgap35 protein, mouse; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C413644:Rnf30 protein, mouse; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; C502755:muscle RING finger 2 protein, mouse; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C021398:3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1; C080355:RING1 protein, human; C440908:TRIM63 protein, human; C499084:Trim63 protein, mouse; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases