title: Hormonal crises following receptor radionuclide therapy with the radiolabeled somatostatin analogue [177Lu-DOTA0,Tyr3]octreotate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Receptor radionuclide therapy is a promising treatment modality for patients with neuroendocrine tumors for whom alternative treatments are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of hormonal crises after therapy with the radiolabeled somatostatin analogue [(177)Lu-DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]octreotate ((177)Lu-octreotate).
  
  
  METHODS
  All (177)Lu-octreotate treatments between January 2000 and January 2007 were investigated. Four hundred seventy-six patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and three patients with metastatic pheochromocytoma were included for analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four hundred seventy-nine patients received a total of 1,693 administrations of (177)Lu-octreotate. Six of 479 patients (1%) developed severe symptoms because of massive release of bioactive substances after the first cycle of (177)Lu-octreotate. One patient had a metastatic hormone-producing small intestinal carcinoid; two patients had metastatic, hormone-producing bronchial carcinoids; two patients had vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-producing pancreatic endocrine tumors (VIPomas); and one patient had a metastatic pheochromocytoma. With adequate treatment, all patients eventually recovered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hormonal crises after (177)Lu-octreotate therapy occur in 1% of patients. Generally, (177)Lu-octreotate therapy is well tolerated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. b.dekeizer@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de Keizer
authors.forename: Maarten O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: van Aken
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Feelders
authors.forename: Wouter W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: de Herder
authors.forename: Boen L R
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Kam
authors.forename: Martijn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Essen
authors.forename: Eric P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Krenning
authors.forename: Dik J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kwekkeboom
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004700:Endocrine System Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D008187:Lutetium / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D018242:Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D015282:Octreotide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D011868:Radioisotopes; D008187:Lutetium; C447941:lutetium Lu 177 dotatate; D015282:Octreotide