title: Evaluation of a rapid one-step immunochromatographic test and two immunoenzymatic assays for the detection of anti-Treponema pallidum antibodies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The control of syphilis depends on screening of the population at risk and is usually performed using the Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test (TPPA). Outside Europe the rapid plasma reagin test (RPR) or venereal disease research laboratory test is most often used for screening purposes. Because of the drawbacks in current diagnostic procedures, ie, long turnaround time, the need is felt for a rapid and simple test that can potentially be performed on whole blood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study a one-step immunochromatographic test (Biorapid Syphilis) and two ELISA, the Bioelisa Syphilis 3.0 and ETI-Treponema Plus, were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum samples were collected between February 2000 and May 2006 at the University Hospital in Maastricht, The Netherlands. 145 TPPA-positive sera, confirmed by fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-Abs, treponemal test) and/or RPR (non-treponemal) were included. Furthermore, 41 sera from healthy controls and 144 TPPA-negative sera from controls with underlying conditions that might interfere with T pallidum serology were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sensitivity and specificity of the Biorapid Syphilis, Bioelisa Syphilis 3.0 and ETI-Treponema Plus were 92% and 79%, 100% and 100% and 100% and 100%, respectively, with our selected sera.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The performance of both ELISA was excellent in our study and is favoured over the TPPA because of its ability to be run on an automated system. The sensitivity and specificity of the Biorapid Syphilis were considered too low to implement the test in a hospital laboratory in a developed country but it might be useful in primary healthcare settings in developing countries.
authors.affiliation: Medical Microbiology, Maastricht Infection Centre, University Hospital Maastricht, PO Box 5800, 6200 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands. Lvdo@lmib.azm.nl
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: van Dommelen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smismans
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Goossens
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Damoiseaux
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bruggeman
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: van Tiel
authors.forename: C J P A
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hoebe
mesh_terms: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002845:Chromatography / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007159:Immunologic Tests / Q000592:standards*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013587:Syphilis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014210:Treponema pallidum / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial