title: The GOSLON yardstick in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate: review of a Vienna sample.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare a Vienna unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patient sample with the Eurocleft samples using the GOSLON score, to determine the intra- and interrater agreement between several raters and ratings, and to establish whether training with the original GOSLON models enhances accuracy.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-three plaster casts of UCLP patients born between 1970 and 1997, with an average age of 9.2 years and all treated with the same regimen, were rated according to the GOSLON score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the patients, 71.5% were ranked GOSLON 1 or 2. Only 8.9% were rated GOSLON 4 or 5. There were no significant differences between the different raters and the ratings. Training with the original GOSLON models increased kappa from 0.57 before training to 0.84 after training.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The "Vienna concept" was found to be a good regimen for treating UCLP patients in regard to maxillary growth. Personal training on the original GOSLON models appears to improve the accuracy of rating.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria. klaus.sinko@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sinko
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Caacbay
authors.forename: Reinhold
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jagsch
authors.forename: Dritan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Turhani
authors.forename: Arnulf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mars
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000145:classification* / Q000473:pathology; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000145:classification* / Q000473:pathology; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000473:pathology; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000254:growth & development; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000145:classification* / Q000473:pathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000254:growth & development; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D003765:Models, Dental; D015588:Observer Variation; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000379:methods*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index