title: Artificial oocyte activation in severe teratozoospermia undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate efficiency of ionomycin on fertilization and cleavage rates, embryo development, and pregnancy rate after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in teratozoospermic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isfahan fertility and infertility Center, and Royan institute, Tehran, Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-seven couples with male factor etiology (severe teratozoospermia) undergoing ICSI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ionomycin for artificial oocyte activation.
  
  
  METHODS
  After oocyte collection, the oocytes were randomly divided into two groups: control and artificial oocyte activation (AOA). The injected oocytes in the control group were cultured in G1. The remaining oocytes were chemically activated by exposure to 10 muM ionomycin for 10 minutes. Around 16 to 18 hours after ICSI, fertilization was assessed by the presence of pronuclei. The percentage of cleavage and high-quality embryos were calculated 48 and 72 hours after ICSI. Clinical pregnancy also was determined based on ultrasound observation of a fetal heart beat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There are significant differences in the mean of fertilization and cleavage rates 72 hours after ICSI between AOA and control groups. In patients who had no fertilization in the control group and all the embryos for transfer derived from the AOA group, two pregnancies were recorded. In the patients who had poor fertilization rate (1%-33%) in the control group (14.30%), there was a significant increase in mean fertilization rate (58.31%) because of AOA. The results of the present study also reveal that the samples had motile sperm, whereas in the chemically activated group this difference was not significant. CONCLUSION (S): It can be concluded that in cases with severe teratozoospermia AOA may improve fertilization and cleavage rates, which in turn, affect the implantation and pregnancy rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Embryology and Andrology, Royan Institute, Tehran, Iran. mh_nasr@med.mui.ac.ir
authors.forename: Mohammad H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Nasr-Esfahani
authors.forename: Shahnaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Razavi
authors.forename: Zeinab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Javdan
authors.forename: Marzeyeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tavalaee
mesh_terms: D002970:Cleavage Stage, Ovum / Q000187:drug effects*; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005299:Fertility Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000628:therapy*; D015759:Ionomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D054315:Oocyte Retrieval; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D010312:Parthenogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005299:Fertility Agents; D015759:Ionomycin