title: Development of a photodiode array biochip using a bipolar semiconductor and its application to detection of human papilloma virus.
abstract: We describe a DNA microarray system using a bipolar integrated circuit photodiode array (PDA) chip as a new platform for DNA analysis. The PDA chip comprises an 8 x 6 array of photodiodes each with a diameter of 600 microm. Each photodiode element acts both as a support for an immobilizing probe DNA and as a two-dimensional photodetector. The usefulness of the PDA microarray platform is demonstrated by the detection of high-risk subtypes of human papilloma virus (HPV). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified biotinylated HPV target DNA was hybridized with the immobilized probe DNA on the photodiode surface, and the chip was incubated in an anti-biotin antibody-conjugated gold nanoparticle solution. The silver enhancement by the gold nanoparticles bound to the biotin of the HPV target DNA precipitates silver metal particles at the chip surfaces, which block light irradiated from above. The resulting drop in output voltage depends on the amount of target DNA present in the sample solution, which allows the specific detection and the quantitative analysis of the complementary target DNA. The PDA chip showed high relative signal ratios of HPV probe DNA hybridized with complementary target DNA, indicating an excellent capability in discriminating HPV subtypes. The detection limit for the HPV target DNA analysis improved from 1.2 nM to 30 pM by changing the silver development time from 5 to 10 min. Moreover, the enhanced silver development promoted by the gold nanoparticles could be applied to a broader range of target DNA concentration by controlling the silver development time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Sa-1 dong 1271, Ansan, 425-791, South Korea.
authors.forename: Taek Jin
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Pan Yun
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kwi Nam
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Ho Taik
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Gi Hun
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Seong
mesh_terms: D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010777:Photochemistry; D012666:Semiconductors
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral