Comparing the protective effects of ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and levofloxacin in mice with lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injuries.
OBJECTIVE
Ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and levofloxacin are recognized immunomodulators. Their effects in acute lung injuries have not been tested. This study compared the immunoprotective effects of these agents in mice with lung injuries induced by LPS by measuring the cytokine profiles in the injured lung and the associated mortality.


METHODS
The development of lung injury and mortality was compared in mice pretreated with either ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin or saline (control group) after the intratracheal administration of LPS. BALF and serum were collected at 1, 3 and 6 h to measure the concentrations of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10 and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) using enzyme-linked immunoassay.


RESULTS
Levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and MIP-2 in the BAL of the ciprofloxacin group were significantly lower compared with those of controls (all P < 0.0083) at 3 and 6 h after LPS challenge. There were no significant differences in the levels of these cytokines in the moxifloxacin and levofloxacin groups compared with controls. Overall, the 96-h survival for the mice pretreated with ciprofloxacin, but not for those pretreated with moxifloxacin or levofloxacin, was significantly greater than that of the control animals (P = 0.019).


CONCLUSIONS
In the setting of LPS-induced lung injuries, ciprofloxacin appears to provide better anti-inflammatory properties and survival benefits than the other fluoroquinolones tested.
Huang
Heng-Ching
HC
Department of Internal Medicine, Liou-Ying Campus, Chi-Mei Medical Center, 901 Chung Hwa Road, 710 Yungkang City, Tainan County, Taiwan.
Shieh
Chi-Chang
CC
Yu
Wen-Liang
WL
Cheng
Kuo-Chen
KC
Chen
Chi-Chung
CC
Chang
Sheng-Tsung
ST
Chuang
Yin-Ching
YC
D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D016207:Cytokines; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011804:Quinolines; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin; D000077266:Moxifloxacin