title: Pulsed high-intensity focused ultrasound enhances uptake of radiolabeled monoclonal antibody to human epidermoid tumor in nude mice.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine if pulsed high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) exposures could enhance tumor uptake of (111)In-MX-B3, a murine IgG1kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the Le(y) antigen.
  
  
  METHODS
  MX-B3 was labeled with (111)In, purified, and confirmed for its binding to the antigen-positive A431 cell line. Groups of nude mice were inoculated subcutaneously with A431 tumor cells on both hind flanks. A tumor on one flank was treated with pulsed-HIFU; the other tumor was used as an untreated control. Within 10 min after the HIFU exposure, the mice received intravenous (111)In-MX-B3 for imaging and biodistribution studies. Mice were euthanized at 1, 24, 48, and 120 h after injection for biodistribution studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HIFU exposure shortened the peak tumor uptake time (24 vs. 48 h for the control) and increased the peak tumor uptake value (38 vs. 25 %ID/g [percentage injected dose per gram] for the control). The HIFU effect on enhancing tumor uptake was greater at earlier times up to 24 h, but the effect was gradually diminished thereafter. The HIFU effect on enhancing tumor uptake was substantiated by nuclear imaging studies. HIFU also increased the uptake of the antibody in surrounding tissues, but the net increase was marginal compared with the increase in tumor uptake.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that pulsed-HIFU significantly enhances the delivery of (111)In-MX-B3 in human epidermoid tumors xenografted in nude mice. The results of this pilot study warrant further evaluation of other treatment regimens, such as repeated HIFU exposures for greater delivery enhancement of antibodies labeled with cytotoxic radioisotopes or pulsed-HIFU exposure in addition to a combined therapy of (90)Y-B3 and taxol to enhance the synergistic effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Alfia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khaibullina
authors.forename: Beom-Su
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Haihao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Nhat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Frenkel
authors.forename: Jorge A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Carrasquillo
authors.forename: Ira
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pastan
authors.forename: King C P
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chang H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Paik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate / Q000528:radiation effects; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000528:radiation effects; D015612:Phonophoresis / Q000379:methods*; D016499:Radioimmunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal