title: Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and autoimmune diseases.
abstract: The arbitrary division between antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and secondary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome has not proven useful. Antiphospholipid antibodies in the absence of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome often occur as epiphenomena in many autoimmune diseases. They are very common in systemic lupus erythematosus. Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is a significant comorbidity in lupus but is uncommon in Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, and systemic vasculitis. Evidence is growing that antiphospholipid antibodies may have a pathogenic role in pulmonary hypertension and accelerated atherosclerosis of autoimmune diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South First Avenue, Building 54, Room 119, Maywood, IL 60153, USA. rostrowski@lumc.edu
authors.forename: Rochella A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ostrowski
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000276:immunology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000276:immunology; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I