Intracellular signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of embryonic stem cells.
The cytokine LIF and its downstream effector STAT3 are essential for maintenance of pluripotency in mouse ES cells. The requirement for the transcription factor Oct3/4 for ES cell pluripotency is also well-documented. However, LIF is not involved in self-renewal of human ES cells, suggesting that other pathways must play an important role in this process. The importance of other signal transduction pathways, including BMP and Wnt signalings, as well as novel transcription factors such as Nanog, is now being recognized. We will review the rapid progress that has been made in identifying and dissecting the intracellular signaling pathways that contribute to self-renewal of pluripotent mouse and human ES cells.
Okita
Keisuke
K
Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
Yamanaka
Shinya
S
D000818:Animals; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D002450:Cell Communication; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000502:physiology
D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051176:beta Catenin