title: An unusual case of root perforation caused by surgical trephination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present the diagnosis and management of an unusual case of root perforation caused by surgical trephination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A root perforation caused by surgical trephination on a maxillary lateral incisor with diagnosis of symptomatic chronic periradicular periodontitis was managed with standard root canal preparation and filling with thermoplasticized gutta-percha. Recall radiographs up to 1 year revealed healing of the periapical lesion. *During surgical trephination, there is risk of damaging anatomical structures surrounding the tooth as well as the tooth itself. *Root perforation caused by trephination was successfully managed by standard canal preparation and filling with thermoplasticized gutta-percha.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontology, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. elkosti@dent.auth.gr
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kosti
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Molyvdas
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lambrianidis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019299:Decompression, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D016155:Oral Fistula / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography; D012389:Root Canal Obturation / Q000379:methods*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods; D018677:Tooth Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D014098:Toothache / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome