title: Impact of lesion calcification on clinical and angiographic outcome after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation in real-world patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have demonstrated similar efficacy of the drug-eluting stent (DES) in patients with and without calcified lesions. However, most of the randomized trials have excluded patients with severe calcified lesions. This study aimed to examine the impact of lesion calcium on clinical and angiographic outcome after sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation in real-world patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive 380 patients with 556 lesions treated with SES were enrolled. Lesions were divided into Calc lesions (moderate or sever calcification; 195 lesions) and non-Calc lesions (none or mild calcification; 361 lesions) according to the lesion calcium. Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) parameters, binary restenosis rate (%restenosis), target lesion revascularization (TLR) rate, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during follow-up were compared between the two groups. All patients were contacted at 1, 6, and 12 months after the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lesion success rate was similar in the two groups. %Restenosis (9.2% vs. 3.6%; P<.05) and TLR (7.3% vs. 2.8%; P<.05) were significantly higher in Calc lesions. Stent thrombosis was observed in 0.7% of overall lesions with no difference between the two groups. The MACE rate in Calc patients (13.8%) was significantly higher than in non-Calc patients (6.1%). By multivariate analysis, hemodialysis (HD) and requirement of rotational atherectomy (RA) were predictive factors of TLR in the Calc lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coronary lesions with calcification comprise a high-risk cohort and are associated with a higher TLR and binary restenosis rates in real-world patients treated with SES. Moreover, patients with calcified lesions and on HD are associated with higher MACE rate.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi 371-0004, Japan. kawaguchi.r@cvc.pref.gunma.jp
authors.forename: Ren
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsurugaya
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hoshizaki
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toyama
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D017225:Atherectomy, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D020123:Sirolimus