title: Selective downregulation of rhesus macaque and sooty mangabey major histocompatibility complex class I molecules by Nef alleles of simian immunodeficiency virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 2.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Nef downregulates HLA-A and -B molecules, but not HLA-C or -E molecules, based on amino acid differences in their cytoplasmic domains to simultaneously evade cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer cell surveillance. Rhesus macaques and sooty mangabeys express orthologues of HLA-A, -B, and -E, but not HLA-C, and many of these molecules have unique amino acid differences in their cytoplasmic tails. We found that these differences also resulted in differential downregulation by primary simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) SIV(smm/mac) and HIV-2 Nef alleles. Thus, selective major histocompatibility complex class I downregulation is a conserved mechanism of immune evasion for pathogenic SIV infection of rhesus macaques and nonpathogenic SIV infection of sooty mangabeys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, One Pine Hill Drive, Southborough, MA 01772-9102, USA.
authors.forename: M Quinn
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: DeGottardi
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Specht
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Metcalf
authors.forename: Amitinder
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kirchhoff
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D016665:Cercocebus atys; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005814:Genes, Viral; D015754:Genes, nef; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000502:physiology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I