Predictors of ductal closure and intestinal complications in very low birth weight infants treated with indomethacin.
OBJECTIVE
To describe factors associated with failure of patent ductus arteriosus closure and development of gastrointestinal complications in subjects treated with indomethacin.


METHODS
Infants <or=30 weeks and <1,500 g delivered between 1997-2003 with patent ductus arteriosus treated with indomethacin were included in this single-center retrospective study. Risk factors for failed ductal closure rates and gastrointestinal complications were identified with uni- and multivariable analyses.


RESULTS
Among 210 subjects treated with indomethacin, ductal closure increased from 43% at 23 weeks to 87% at 27 weeks (OR 1.51 per week gestation, 95% CI 1.14-2.01, p = 0.004) and was unchanged thereafter. Gastrointestinal complications decreased with increasing gestational age (OR 0.67/week, 95% CI 0.52-0.84) but increased with male gender (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.07-5.45). SNAP-II (Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II) scores at birth and at the time of first indomethacin therapy were not associated with likelihood of closure or with gastrointestinal complications. Duration of ductal patency was not associated with risk of necrotizing enterocolitis or intestinal perforation after adjusting for gestational age and gender.


CONCLUSIONS
Ductal closure with indomethacin is linearly associated with gestational age in infants <or=27 weeks. Illness severity at the time of treatment is not predictive of treatment outcome or gastrointestinal complications. The duration of ductal patency is not associated with an increase in adjusted risk of necrotizing enterocolitis or intestinal perforation in patients treated with indomethacin.
Madan
Juliette
J
Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Tufts Floating Hospital for Children, Boston, MA 02111, USA. jmadan@tufts-nemc.org
Fiascone
John
J
Balasubramanian
Vidhya
V
Griffith
John
J
Hagadorn
James I
JI
D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000188:drug therapy*; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D007213:Indomethacin