title: Epstein-Barr virus-encoded LMP1 regulates epithelial cell motility and invasion via the ERK-MAPK pathway.
abstract: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is an oncogenic protein which has previously been shown to engage the NF-kappaB, stress-activated MAP kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase), and extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK)-MAPK pathways. In this study, we demonstrate that LMP1 activates ERK-MAPK in epithelial cells via the canonical Raf-MEK-ERK-MAPK pathway but in a Ras-independent manner. In agreement with the results of a previous study (B. A. Mainou, D. N. Everly, Jr., and N. Raab-Traub, J. Virol. 81:9680-9692, 2007), we show that the ability of LMP1 to activate ERK-MAPK mapped to its CTAR1 domain, the TRAF binding domain previously implicated in PI 3-kinase activation. A role for ERK-MAPK in LMP1-induced epithelial cell motility was identified, as LMP1-expressing cells displayed increased rates of haptotactic migration compared to those of LMP1-negative cells. These data implicate the ERK-MAPK pathway in LMP1-induced effects associated with transformation, suggesting that this pathway may contribute to the oncogenicity of LMP1 through its ability to promote cell motility and to enhance the invasive properties of epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research UK Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom. c.w.dawson@bham.ac.uk
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Laverick
authors.forename: Mhairi A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Giorgos
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tramoutanis
authors.forename: Lawrence S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000821:virology*; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C037662:EBV-associated membrane antigen, Epstein-Barr virus; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases