title: Neuromedin S: discovery and functions.
abstract: Neuromedin S, a novel neuropeptide of 36 amino acids, was isolated from rat brain as an endogenous ligand for the orphan G protein-coupled receptors FM-3/GPR66 and FM-4/TGR-1, identified to date as type-1 and type-2 neuromedin U (NMU) receptors, respectively. The peptide was designated neuromedin S (NMS) because it is specifically expressed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. NMS is structurally related to NMU; these peptides share a C-terminal core structure. In this review, we will outline the recent discoveries regarding the structure, cognate receptors, distribution, and possible physiological functions of NMS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Mikiya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyazato
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kangawa
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*; D009991:Oscillometry; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D011485:Protein Binding; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D009479:Neuropeptides; D010455:Peptides; C497950:neuromedin S; C056900:neuromedin U