title: Annotating novel genes by integrating synthetic lethals and genomic information.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Large scale screening for synthetic lethality serves as a common tool in yeast genetics to systematically search for genes that play a role in specific biological processes. Often the amounts of data resulting from a single large scale screen far exceed the capacities of experimental characterization of every identified target. Thus, there is need for computational tools that select promising candidate genes in order to reduce the number of follow-up experiments to a manageable size.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analyze synthetic lethality data for arp1 and jnm1, two spindle migration genes, in order to identify novel members in this process. To this end, we use an unsupervised statistical method that integrates additional information from biological data sources, such as gene expression, phenotypic profiling, RNA degradation and sequence similarity. Different from existing methods that require large amounts of synthetic lethal data, our method merely relies on synthetic lethality information from two single screens. Using a Multivariate Gaussian Mixture Model, we determine the best subset of features that assign the target genes to two groups. The approach identifies a small group of genes as candidates involved in spindle migration. Experimental testing confirms the majority of our candidates and we present she1 (YBL031W) as a novel gene involved in spindle migration. We applied the statistical methodology also to TOR2 signaling as another example.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrate the general use of Multivariate Gaussian Mixture Modeling for selecting candidate genes for experimental characterization from synthetic lethality data sets. For the given example, integration of different data sources contributes to the identification of genetic interaction partners of arp1 and jnm1 that play a role in the same biological process.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Science, ETH Zurich, Universitaetsstr, 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland. dhs@ethz.ch
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schöner
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalisch
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leisner
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meier
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sohrmann
authors.forename: Mahamadou
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faty
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Barral
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peter
authors.forename: Wilhelm
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gruissem
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bühlmann
mesh_terms: D001499:Bayes Theorem; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005820:Genetic Testing / Q000379:methods*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D008957:Models, Genetic; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D024701:Myosin Type V / Q000235:genetics*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D015003:Yeasts / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C089021:ARP1 protein, S cerevisiae; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; C086450:JNM1 protein, S cerevisiae; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; C098732:Myo4 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C081135:TOR2 protein, S cerevisiae; D024701:Myosin Type V; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains