title: Representative drug susceptibility patterns for guiding design of re-treatment regimens for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Iran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has increased substantially in the past 20 years, however, there are no data specific to Iran. This study investigated patients suspected to have MDR-TB, attending the TB referral hospital in Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients suspected of having MDR-TB on hospital admission in the period 2003-2005 were included in this study. Sputum from all patients was tested for smear and culture, and drug sensitivity testing was performed using the proportion method. Patients were categorized into three groups based on their history of medical treatment. Group I consisted of patients with CAT I regimen failure; Group II consisted of patients with a history of CAT II regimen failure and Group III comprised patients with a history of more than two courses of irregular CAT I anti-TB regimen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 105 patients recruited; 32 in Group I, 53 in Group II and 20 in Group III. There were no significant differences between the three groups in their resistance to first-line anti-TB drugs. Fifty-five patients were diagnosed with MDR-TB. The prevalence of MDR-TB was 56% (18 cases) in group I, 49% (26 cases) in group II and 55% (11 cases) in group III. No significant difference in the pattern of drug resistance was observed between the three groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of MDR-TB was high in this study. The lack of response of MDR-TB patients to CAT II treatment indicates that antibiotic sensitivity testing is essential in patients with CAT I treatment failure.
authors.affiliation: Mycobacteriology Research Center, NRITLD, Shaheed Beheshti, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. tabarsi@nritld.ac.ir
authors.forename: Payam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tabarsi
authors.forename: Azar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nooraki
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mirsaeidi
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amiri
authors.forename: Parvaneh
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baghaei
authors.forename: Parisa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Farnia
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kazempour
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heidarnazhad
authors.forename: Narges
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alipanah
authors.forename: Davood
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mansouri
authors.forename: Mohammad R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Masjedi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000346:Afghanistan / Q000208:ethnology; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017211:Treatment Failure; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents