title: Emergency surgery of the abdominal aorta in a porcine model: two sequential experiments.
abstract: The aim of this study was to design an aggressive nonlethal animal model that would simulate surgical treatment of the abdominal aorta with a view to studying the systemic inflammatory response. Fourteen pigs were subjected to two sequential experiments. Experiment A was performed to determine the response to two degrees of hemorrhage: (A1) 40% bleeding; and (A2) 60% bleeding over 15 minutes followed by midline laparotomy and aortic dissection. Experiment B included two methods of aortic repair: (B1) aortic resection and replacement with a prosthesis; and (B2) aortic bypass without aortic resection. In the latter two groups, suprarenal aortic cross-clamping was placed for 30 minutes after a 40% hemorrhage. We analyzed various inflammatory markers and mortality. The 40% bleeding (vs. 60%) elicited a smaller decrease in mean arterial pressure (110 +/- 6 vs. 89 +/- 9 mmHg) but did not cause irreversible shock or mortality. After the 40% hemorrhage, the B1 aortic repair caused two cases of paraplegia. We have developed a model to study the combined effect of bleeding and aortic cross-clamping.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Salamanca, University Hospital of Salamanca, Avda. Alfonso X El Sabio s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain. lozano@usal.es
authors.forename: Francisco S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Lozano
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: García-Criado
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Porras
authors.forename: Fermin M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Guijo
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Conde
authors.forename: Jose E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: García-Sanchez
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000601:surgery*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods; D004210:Dissection; D004630:Emergencies; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D013552:Swine; D016896:Treatment Outcome