title: Procalcitonin levels after different types of conventional thoracic surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Procalcitonin (PCT) is currently discussed as an indicator of postoperative complications following thoracic surgery. Serum levels of PCT are different after thoracoscopic and conventional surgical approaches. We conducted this study to test the hypothesis that different types of conventional thoracic surgery are associated with different postoperative serum levels of acute-phase proteins or pro-inflammatory mediators.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), lipoprotein-binding protein (LBP) and PCT were measured preoperatively (pre), immediately after surgery (0 h), 6 hours after surgery (6 h), and on the 1st (d1), 3rd (d3) and 5th (d5) postoperative days in 48 patients undergoing elective conventional pneumonectomy (n = 6), lobectomy (n = 20) or wedge resection (n = 22).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all study groups, IL-6 and PCT increased after surgery, peaking at 6 h and on d1, respectively. The time courses of IL-6, CRP, LBP and PCT release were not influenced by the type of surgical procedure. All parameters increased more markedly after lobectomy and wedge resection than after pneumonectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical trauma and lung ischaemia/reperfusion injury could be the main factors determining the release of IL-6 and PCT after surgery. From an immunological point of view, pneumonectomy is less severe than wedge resection or lobectomy in terms of tissue injury. Different types of conventional thoracic surgery are associated with differences in postoperative PCT and IL-6 synthesis. For this reason, expected ranges of PCT and IL-6 levels should be established for the various surgical procedures before these parameters can be used as indicators of postoperative complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Armed Forces Central Hospital, Koblenz, Germany. axel1franke@bundeswehr.org
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franke
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lante
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kupser
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weinhold
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Markewitz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000097:blood*; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood*; D013899:Thoracic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C000606589:CALCA protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008074:Lipoproteins; D011498:Protein Precursors; D002116:Calcitonin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide