title: Progression in familial and nonfamilial MS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the timing of secondary or primary progression is different between patients with familial and nonfamilial multiple sclerosis (MS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Information on the family history of 313 patients with MS was taken from our prospective hospital-based database. We used Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox regression models to evaluate differences between familial and nonfamilial MS in several endpoint measures. We investigated the risk of developing secondary progression in all patients with a relapsing-remitting disease onset, the length of the relapsing-remitting phase and age at onset of progression in patients with secondary progressive MS and the age at disease onset in patients with primary progressive MS (PPMS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the primary progressive patients, those with familial MS had a significantly younger age at disease onset than patients with nonfamilial MS (mean 33.04 years versus mean 37.73 years in nonfamilial MS, P = 0.02). There were no significant differences between familial and nonfamilial MS patients in any other investigated measure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Familial MS appears related to the time of disease onset in PPMS. Patients with familial PPMS may be an important patient group for future genetic research in MS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ Groningen, The Netherlands. m.w.koch@neuro.umcg.nl
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: Maarten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uyttenboogaart
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heerings
authors.forename: Dorothea
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heersema
authors.forename: Jop
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mostert
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Keyser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D017668:Age of Onset; D016208:Databases, Factual; D018450:Disease Progression; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D020528:Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution