title: Modulation of celecoxib- and streptozotocin-induced experimental dementia of Alzheimer's disease by pitavastatin and donepezil.
abstract: Present study was designed to investigate modulation of experimental dementia by Pitavastatin and donepezil. Learning and memory of the swiss albino mice were studied on Morris water-maze. Celecoxib orally (p.o.)/Streptozotocin (STZ) intracerebroventricular administrations were used to induce experimental dementia. Brain acetyl cholinesterase activity was measured by EllMann's method to assess cholinergic activity of the brain. Brain thio barbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) levels and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were measured by Ohokawa's and Beutler's method respectively, to assess total oxidative stress in brain. Total serum cholesterol level was measured by Allain's method. Celecoxib/STZ treatments produced a significant loss of learning and memory. Pitavastatin/Donepezil successfully attenuated this Celecoxib/STZ induced dementia. Higher levels of brain acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE) activity, TBARS and lower level of GSH were observed in Celecoxib/STZ treated animals, which were significantly attenuated by Donepezil. Pitavastatin also attenuated the Celecoxib/STZ induced high levels of TBARS & low levels of GSH without effecting AChE activity and total serum cholesterol levels. Celecoxib induced dementia noted in the present study may be attributed to its stimulatory effect on amyloid beta-42, brain AChE activity, and oxidative stress. Sub-diabetogenic STZ induced memory deficits closely related to Alzheimer's disease. Reversal of Celecoxib/STZ induced memory deficits by Pitavastatin may be due to its antioxidative, anti beta amyloid aggregatory property, and by Donepezil, due to its anticholinesterase and neuroprotective actions.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Bhupesh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Nirmal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Manjeet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000523:psychology; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D000068579:Celecoxib; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000077265:Donepezil; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004924:Escape Reaction / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007189:Indans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000633:toxicity*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000633:toxicity*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D007189:Indans; D018697:Nootropic Agents; D010880:Piperidines; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011804:Quinolines; D013449:Sulfonamides; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D013311:Streptozocin; D000077265:Donepezil; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D005978:Glutathione; D000068579:Celecoxib; C108475:pitavastatin