title: The Günther-Tulip retrievable IVC filter: clinical experience in 118 consecutive patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to assess the use of the Günther Tulip Filter (GTF) for the management of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between December 2000 and April 2005, 118 patients (42 males, 76 females; mean age 60.5 years) diagnosed with VTE, underwent treatment with a GTF. The filter was left permanently in 52 patients. In the other 66 patients, attempts were made to retrieve it, with success in 60 cases (90.9%). No major complication was found throughout the filter's use. Of the 58 patients with the permanent filters, 41 underwent enhanced computed tomography at follow-up in the chronic phase. Thirty-eight filters (92.7%) remained patent, and under low-intensity anticoagulation therapy (international normalized ratio 1.8+/-0.4), the patency rate was 97.1%. Penetration of the inferior vena cava (IVC) wall by the filter's struts beyond a distance of 3 mm occurred in 23 patients (56.1%), but there was no observable leakage from the IVC or injury to adjacent organs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GTF is feasible and safe for treating VTE. When used permanently, GTFs have a high patency rate, and there is neither leakage from the IVC nor injury to adjacent organs in the event of penetration by the struts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: Norikazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikura
authors.forename: Mashio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Isaka
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D019934:International Normalized Ratio; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016306:Vena Cava Filters / Q000009:adverse effects; D014684:Venae Cavae / Q000293:injuries; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants