title: BAG-1 is up-regulated in colorectal tumour progression and promotes colorectal tumour cell survival through increased NF-kappaB activity.
abstract: Although expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2-associated athanogene-1 (BAG-1) has been reported as up-regulated in a number of malignancies, we show for the first time that BAG-1 is over-expressed in medium/large-sized colorectal adenomas and carcinomas compared with normal epithelium. To investigate whether expression of BAG-1 is important for colorectal tumour cell survival, microarray analysis was carried out on the HCT116 colorectal carcinoma cell line following transfection with BAG-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA). Analysis identified altered expression of a subset of potential nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB)-regulated genes. Furthermore, knock down of BAG-1 was shown to inhibit NF-kappaB transcriptional activity. Inhibition of NF-kappaB activity using BAG-1 siRNA or the NF-kappaB inhibitor BAY-117082 suppressed HCT116 cell yield and induced apoptosis; combined treatment had no additive effect, suggesting that the decrease in cell yield associated with knock down of BAG-1 expression is mediated via inhibition of NF-kappaB. Of clinical relevance, BAG-1 siRNA sensitized colorectal carcinoma cells to apoptosis induced by potential therapeutic agent TRAIL as well as tumour necrosis factor-alpha, both inducers of NF-kappaB activity. In summary, knock down of BAG-1 leads to inhibition of NF-kappaB, identifying BAG-1 as a novel regulator of NF-kappaB. It is proposed that, by inhibiting NF-kappaB, suppression of BAG-1 could represent a novel strategy to impede colorectal cancer cell survival and as an adjuvant increase sensitivity to current therapeutic regimes.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research UK Colorectal Tumour Biology Research Group, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
authors.forename: Nadine K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Clemo
authors.forename: Tracey J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Collard
authors.forename: Samantha L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Southern
authors.forename: Kieron D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Moganaden
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moorghen
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Packham
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hague
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paraskeva
authors.forename: Ann C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: C091732:BCL2-associated athanogene 1 protein; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D014157:Transcription Factors