title: Helping hospital patients quit: what the evidence supports and what guidelines recommend.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study aimed to critically appraise the extent and strength of systematic review evidence for, and guideline recommendations regarding hospital smoking cessation interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic reviews of smoking cessation interventions were identified via an electronic search of the Cochrane Library. Meta-analyses from Cochrane reviews were categorised as those that incorporated only studies of hospital based interventions, and those which incorporated interventions which were not hospital based. Smoking cessation guidelines for hospital health professionals were identified via a search of the World Wide Web.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The review found that evidence from meta-analyses restricted to hospital studies was insufficient to evaluate a number of specific intervention strategies and at times conflicted with the findings of meta-analyses without such restrictions. The majority of guidelines recommended the provision of brief advice, counseling, nicotine replacement therapy despite the absence of clear supporting evidence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further hospital-based research addressing specific cessation strategies is required. Furthermore, smoking cessation guidelines for hospital based health professionals should more specifically reflect evidence from this setting.
authors.affiliation: Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Area Health Service, Locked Bag No. 10, Wallsend NSW 2287, Australia. luke.wolfenden@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wolfenden
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiggers
authors.forename: Raoul A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: Laura J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Bailey
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*