title: Potential influence of antisecretory therapy on the development of Candida-associated intraabdominal infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Concerns surrounding the potential extra gut complication of gastric acid suppression are becoming increasingly realized.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether chronic antisecretory treatment with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or histamine(2)-receptor antagonist (H(2)RA) is associated with the presence of Candida spp. in cases of complicated intraabdominal infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a case-controlled study of adult surgical intensive care unit patients with complicated intraabdominal infection during a 5-year period. Exclusion criteria consisted of primary peritonitis, diagnosis of intraabdominal infection more than 72 hours before hospital admission, or a stay in the intensive care unit of less than 72 hours. Patients were categorized into either the antisecretory group (H(2)RA or PPI therapy prior to admission) or control group (no prior antisecretory therapy).
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred eighteen patients met inclusion criteria. Chronic antisecretory (n = 41) and control (n = 77) patients were similar except in median age (69.0 vs 59.0 y; p = 0.026) and preadmission antibiotic use (36.6% vs 15.6%; p = 0.010). The 2 groups had a similar proportion of patients with Candida (30.3% vs 32.1%; p = 0.857); the cultures included C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. parapsilosis. Yeast was recovered more often in patients diagnosed with community-acquired intraabdominal infection and in patients who had used PPIs before hospital admission (p = 0.066). Additionally, Candida was cultured more often in antisecretory patients with a history of prior abdominal surgery than in control patients (91.7% vs 62.5%; p = 0.066).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No significant difference was found in the number of patients in the antisecretory and control groups from whom peritoneal Candida was recovered. However, patients with prior abdominal surgery and those in the community with chronic PPI use may be predisposed to Candida-associated intraabdominal infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Antelope Valley Hospital, Lancaster, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Tram B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Cat
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Charash
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hebert
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Marden
authors.forename: Stephanie Mallow
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Corbett
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahern
authors.forename: Jill A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rebuck
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000382:microbiology*; D000368:Aged; D002175:Candida / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors