title: Preoperative irinotecan/5-FU/leucovorin plus concurrent radiotherapy in rectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate results of preoperative irinotecan/5-FU/leucovorin plus radiotherapy for locally-advanced rectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five patients with locally-advanced rectal cancer were treated with preoperative irradiation 46 Gy plus concurrent chemotherapy(irinotecan 10 mg/m(2)/d d1-d5, d22-d26, 5-FU 350 mg/m(2)/d d1-d5, d22-d26, and leucovorin 20 mg/m(2) d1-d5, d22-d26), followed by radical surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no treatment-related deaths. Acute toxicity was mainly in neutropenia and diarrhea, with both grade 4 neutropenia and grade 3 diarrhea observed in 4 patients(11%). Radical resectability was performed in 29 patients(83%)with sphincter preservation surgery in 7 patients. Six patients did not undergo the planned surgery due to patient refusal and disease progression. A complete pathological response was observed in 14%(4/29). Pathological T-downstaging was observed in 55%(16/29).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that preoperative radiochemotherapy with irinotecan/5-FU/leucovorin is safe and effective in tumor downstaging and allows sphincter-saving resection to be performed in locally-advanced rectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Chiang Mai University 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: Imjai
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chitapanarux
authors.forename: Pimkhuan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kamnerdsupaphon
authors.forename: Vicharn
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lorvidhaya
authors.forename: Paisit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Siriwittayakorn
authors.forename: Ekkasit
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tharavichitkul
authors.forename: Areewan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Somwangprasert
authors.forename: Vimol
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sukthomya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D000077146:Irinotecan; D002955:Leucovorin; D005472:Fluorouracil; D002166:Camptothecin