title: Hysterosalpingographic findings in infertile women with genital tuberculosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the hysterosalpingographic findings from infertile women who were subsequently diagnosed with genital tuberculosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of 70 infertile women who underwent hysterosalpingography to investigate infertility and were subsequently diagnosed with genital tuberculosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the women was 27.3 years and the mean duration of infertility was 6.1 years. A total of 57 (81.4%) women had primary infertility while 13 had secondary infertility. Diagnosis of genital tuberculosis was made by polymerase chain reaction (54.3%), tuberculous granuloma on biopsy (22.8%), acid-fast bacilli culture (2.8%), and at laparoscopy or hysteroscopy (20%). Hysterosalpingographic findings were a normal uterine cavity observed in 57.1% of women, an irregular cavity in 18.5%, a shrunken cavity in 2.8%, and an irregular filling defect in 18.5%. Synechiae were observed in 17.1% of women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genital tuberculosis is a common cause of infertility in India, causing significant uterine and tubal pathologies.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. jbsharma2000@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jai Bhagwan
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Mohanraj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pushparaj
authors.forename: Kallol Kumar
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Zafar
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Neyaz
authors.forename: Nupur
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Sunesh Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Suneeta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mittal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007047:Hysterosalpingography; D007194:India; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000382:microbiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014384:Tuberculosis, Female Genital / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*