title: Effects of fish oil and conjugated linoleic acids on expression of target genes of PPAR alpha and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins in the liver of laying hens.
abstract: In mammals, (n-3) PUFA and conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) act as activators of PPAR alpha and alter nuclear concentrations of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP) in the liver, and thereby influence hepatic lipid catabolism and synthesis. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that (n-3) PUFA and CLA exert similar effects in the liver of laying hens. Thirty hens (64 weeks old) were fed diets containing 30 g/kg of sunflower oil (control), fish oil (salmon oil) or CLA in TAG form (containing predominantly cis-9, trans-11 CLA and trans-10, cis-12 CLA) for 5 weeks. Hens fed fish oil had a higher expression of some PPAR alpha target genes and a lower nuclear concentration of SREBP-2 in the liver and lower concentrations of cholesterol and TAG in plasma than control hens. Nuclear concentration of SREBP-1 and its target genes involved in lipogenesis were not altered in hens fed fish oil. Hens fed CLA had increased concentrations of TAG and cholesterol in the liver. However, their mRNA levels of PPAR alpha target genes and nuclear concentrations of SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 as well as mRNA levels of their target genes in the liver were largely unchanged compared to control hens. The results of this study suggest that (n-3) PUFA cause a moderate activation of PPAR alpha and lower cholesterol synthesis but do not impair fatty acid synthesis in the liver of laying hens. CLA lead to an accumulation of TAG and cholesterol in the liver of hens by mechanisms to be elucidated in further studies.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Emil-Abderhalden-Strasse 26, Halle (Saale) D-06108, Germany.
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: König
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spielmann
authors.forename: Kati
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haase
authors.forename: Corinna
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brandsch
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kluge
authors.forename: Gabriele I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Stangl
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eder
mesh_terms: D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D004530:Egg Yolk / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010058:Oviposition / Q000502:physiology; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D051779:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005395:Fish Oils; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D047493:PPAR alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051779:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides; C030341:salmon oil; D002784:Cholesterol