title: Quantitative estimation of permeability surface-area product in astroglial brain tumors using perfusion CT and correlation with histopathologic grade.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glioma angiogenesis and its different hemodynamic features, which can be evaluated by using perfusion CT (PCT) imaging of the brain, have been correlated with the grade and the aggressiveness of gliomas. Our hypothesis was that quantitative estimation of permeability surface area product (PS), cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and mean transit time (MTT) in astroglial brain tumors by using PCT will correlate with glioma grade. High-grade gliomas will show higher PS and CBV as compared with low-grade gliomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  PCT was performed in 32 patients with previously untreated astroglial tumors (24 high-grade gliomas and 8 low-grade gliomas) by using a total acquisition time of 170 seconds. World Health Organization (WHO) glioma grades were compared with PCT parameter absolute values by using Student or nonparametric Wilcoxon 2-sample tests. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were also done for each of the parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The differences in PS, CBV, and CBF between the low- and high-grade tumor groups were statistically significant, with the low-grade group showing lower mean values than the high-grade group. ROC analyses showed that both CBV (C-statistic 0.930) and PS (C-statistic 0.927) were very similar to each other in differentiating low- and high-grade gliomas and had higher predictability compared with CBF and MTT. Within the high-grade group, differentiation of WHO grade III and IV gliomas was also possible by using PCT parameters, and PS showed the highest C-statistic value (0.926) for the ROC analyses in this regard.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both PS and CBV showed strong association with glioma grading, high-grade gliomas showing higher PS and CBV as compared with low-grade gliomas. Perfusion parameters, especially PS, can also be used to differentiate WHO grade III from grade IV in the high-grade tumor group.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. rajanj@rad.hfh.edu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ellika
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scarpace
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rock
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gutierrez
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ewing
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mikkelsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001810:Blood Volume; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media