title: Interleukin-12 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha equilibrium is a prerequisite for clinical course free from late complications in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: The objective of the study was to analyse levels of IL-12 and TNF-alpha and relate the findings to the occurrence of microangiopathy in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). We examined a group of 123 children with type 1 DM. Serum levels of IL-12 and TNF-alpha were measured by an immunoenzymatic ELISA technique. TNF-alpha and IL-12 tended to be simultaneously present or absent in the sera of 50% of the children who had not developed complications, thus indicating a state of cytokine's equilibrium. Among the patients with an established retinopathy, two IL-12/TNF-alpha combinations were visible. Either a lack of detectable TNF-alpha was accompanied by measurable IL-12 serum concentrations or TNF-alpha incidence was associated with undetectable IL-12 values. Simultaneous lack of TNF-alpha and presence of IL-12 was associated with a better prognosis as these patients had a significantly lower albumin excretion rate. The state of equilibrium between TNF-alpha and IL-12 is beneficial in patients at early stages of the disease, prior to the occurrence of complications. Shifting the equilibrium towards TNF-alpha seems to promote late complications. It may suggest that a disharmony between pro- and anti-angiogenic function of these cytokines underlie the mechanism by which TNF-alpha and IL-12 shape the disease course.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland. kzorena@amg.gda.pl
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zorena
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Myśliwska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Myśliwiec
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balcerska
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lipowski
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Raczyńska
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000276:immunology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018664:Interleukin-12