title: Uniform and graded multilayers as x-ray optical elements.
abstract: A detailed comparison of the performance of uniform and graded multilayers as soft x-ray monochromators and normal incidence collectors has been made. In particular, the responses of flat depth-, and laterally graded multilayers to Al K(alpha) radiation, lambda = 8.34 A, have been computed and compared with the corresponding uniform multilayer. Furthermore, the efficiency of graded and uniform multilayers as normal incidence x-ray collectors has been calculated in terms of effective areas for parabolic reflectors tuned to the O K(alpha) line, lambda = 23.7 A. Finally, the effective areas of four strong solar emission lines in the 30-60 A region have been computed for uniform multilayers. Normal incidence multilayer mirrors are well suited for spectroheliograph type of applications.
authors.affiliation: Ball Aerospace Systems Division, P.O. Box 1062, Boulder, Colorado 80306, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lee