title: Application of an indirect immunofluorescent staining method for detection of Salmonella enteritidis in paraffin slices and antigen location in infected duck tissues.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To detect Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) in paraffin slices and antigen location in infected duck tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rabbits were immunized with purified bacillus to obtain S. enteritidis-specific antibody, which were then extracted by the caprylic-ammonium sulphate method, purified through High-Q columns. An indirect immuno-fluorescent staining method (IFA) was established to detect the S. enteritidis antigen in paraffin slices. Detected S. enteritidis in each organ tissue of ducklings experimentally infected with S. enteritidis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The gland of Garder, heart, kidney, spleen, liver, brain, ileum, jejunum, bursa of Fabricius from S. enteritidis experimentally infected ducklings were positive or strongly positive, and the S. enteritidis antigen mainly distributed in the infected cell cytoplasm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IFA is an intuitionist, sensitive and specific method in detecting S. enteritidis antigen in paraffin wax slices, and it is a good method in diagnosis and antigen location of S. enteritidis. We also conclude that the gland of Garder, heart, kidney, spleen, liver, ileum, jejunum are target organs in S. enteritidis infections of duck, and S. enteritidis is an intracellular parasitic bacterium.
authors.affiliation: Avian Disease Research Center, Collage of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agriculture University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan Province, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: An-Chun
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Ming-Shu
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shu-Xuan
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Zhen-Hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Nian-Chun
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Sheng-Yan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004372:Ducks; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect / Q000379:methods*; D016612:Paraffin Embedding; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial