title: Photoexposition discriminates Notch 1 expression in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: The Notch signaling pathway may play opposing roles in cancer. It can be oncosuppressive or protumoral, depending on the cellular and tissue context. In skin cancer, Notch 1 expression is downregulated, thus supporting the hypothesis of an oncosuppressive role in cutaneous carcinomas. However, as members of the Notch family undergo downregulation upon exposure to UV irradiation, we wondered whether Notch 1 expression in skin carcinomas may be governed by additional factors, including UV exposure. We investigated the expression of Notch 1 and its ligands, Jagged 1, Jagged 2 and Delta-like 1, by immunohistochemistry in a series of premalignant and invasive cutaneous carcinomas, including 4 solar keratoses, 5 Bowen's disease, 5 squamous cell carcinomas on sun-exposed skin, 6 squamous cell carcinomas on sun-protected genital skin and 14 basal cell carcinomas of different histotypes (nodular, superficial type, sclerodermiform/infiltrating and baso-squamous). Expression of Notch 1 was decreased in solar keratoses and invasive squamous cell carcinomas localized on sun-exposed skin. In contrast, marked Notch 1 staining was observed in extragenital Bowen's disease as well as in genital (penile) human papilloma virus-related in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinomas. A diffuse Notch 1 staining was detected in nodular and superficial basal cell carcinomas while sclerodermiform/infiltrating and baso-squamous basal cell carcinomas showed a low to absent Notch 1 expression. Jagged 1, Jagged 2 and Delta-like 1 proteins were expressed in all tissues examined. Present findings show divergent expression of Notch 1 in skin cancer, depending on anatomical site and tumor histotype. Thus, whereas in UV-related squamous cell photocarcinogenesis Notch 1 downregulation could mirror a tumor suppressor function of the receptor, in sun-protected squamous cell carcinomas Notch 1 was upregulated. Furthermore, Notch 1 expression was minimal in basal cell carcinoma subtypes correlated with risk of recurrence (sclerodermiform/infiltrating and baso-squamous) in comparison with nodular and superficial types.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Panelos
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tarantini
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paglierani
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Serio
authors.forename: Vincenza
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Maio
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pellerito
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pimpinelli
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santucci
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Massi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000528:radiation effects; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000235:genetics*; D051881:Receptor, Notch1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D012008:Recurrence; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: C497761:NOTCH1 protein, human; D051881:Receptor, Notch1