title: Low-energy laser irradiation increases endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and eNOS gene expression possibly via PI3K signal pathway.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study, therefore, was to determine the mechanisms by which low-energy laser irradiation (LELI) may exert some of its angiogenic effects via the PI3 kinase/eNOS signaling pathway and induce endothelial cell migration and neovascularization, an important and necessary part of wound healing.
  
  
  METHODS
  The possible molecular mechanism of helium-neon (He-Ne) laser irradiation on endothelial cells was proposed. He-Ne laser at 632.5 nm was used to stimulate human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), and its effect on cell proliferation, nitric oxide secretion, and cell migration was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Irradiation enhanced endothelial nitric oxidase synthase (eNOS) protein expression, and irradiation of less than 0.26 J/cm(2) enhanced eNOS gene expression in HUVEC. The cell migration ability was promoted for HUVEC irradiated with 0.26 J/cm(2). This agreed with the vinculin protein expression induced by irradiation. In addition, the angiogenesis was promoted. The induced eNOS expression was inhibited by LY294002, indicating that the effect of laser on EC could be attributed to the up-regulation of eNOS expression through PI3K pathway at the cellular and molecular levels as a result of the He-Ne laser.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study has shown that LELI increased endothelial cell proliferation, migration, NO secretion, and identified that activation of PI3K/Akt pathway was a critical step for the elevated for eNOS expression upon LELI.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chung-Huang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Huey-Shan
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Shan-Hui
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases