title: Emotion regulation in preschoolers: the roles of behavioral inhibition, maternal affective behavior, and maternal depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study examined preschoolers' emotion regulation (ER) strategies and the association with temperament, maternal interactive style, and maternal history of childhood-onset depression (COD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 62 children and their mothers, 37 of whom had mothers with COD. Children's ER was assessed using a disappointment paradigm; temperament assessment also was laboratory-based.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maternal COD was inversely related to offspring's active ER and positive mood. Among children of COD mothers, behavioral inhibition was associated with passive regulation and sadness, and maternal positivity toward these children was associated with child active ER and positive mood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Behavioral inhibition may place children of COD mothers at risk for developing maladaptive ways of regulating negative emotion, whereas mothers' positivity may serve as a protective factor for them.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 210 South Bouquet Street, 4101 Sennott Square, Pittsburgh, PA 15260-0001, USA.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kovacs
authors.forename: Tonya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: Flannery E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: O'Rourke
authors.forename: Joseph H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Alarcon
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D017668:Age of Onset; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology; D019370:Observation; D016487:Parenting; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012927:Social Control, Informal; D012944:Social Support; D013694:Temperament