title: Colonic patches direct the cross-talk between systemic compartments and large intestine independently of innate immunity.
abstract: Although the mucosal and the systemic immune compartments are structurally and functionally independent, they engage in cross-talk under specific conditions. To investigate this cross-talk, we vaccinated mice with tetanus toxoid together with cholera toxin with s.c. priming followed by intrarectal (IR) boosting. Interestingly, higher numbers of Ag-specific IgA and IgG Ab-secreting cells (ASCs) were detected in the lamina propria of the large intestine of mice vaccinated s.c.-IR. Ag-specific ASCs from the colon migrated to SDF-1alpha/CXCL12 and mucosae-associated epithelial chemokine/CCL28, suggesting that CXCR4(+) and/or CCR10(+) IgA ASCs found in the large intestine after s.c.-IR are of systemic origin. In the colonic patches-null mice, IgA ASCs in the large intestine were completely depleted. Furthermore, the accumulation of IgA ASCs in the colonic patches by inhibition of their migration with FTY720 revealed that colonic patches are the IgA class-switching site after s.c.-IR. Most interestingly, s.c.-IR induced numbers of Ag-specific IgA ASCs in the large intestine of TLR2(-/-), TLR4(-/-), MyD88(-/-), and TRIF(-/-) mice that were comparable with those of wild-type mice. Taken together, our results suggest the possibility that cross-talk could occur between the large intestine and the systemic immune compartments via the colonic patches without the assistance of innate immunity.
authors.affiliation: Mucosal Immunology Section, Laboratory Science Division, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sun-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Hye-Ran
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uematsu
authors.forename: Shizuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akira
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyono
authors.forename: Mi-Na
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Kweon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000921:Antibody-Producing Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D003106:Colon / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007114:Immunization; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D017578:Immunoglobulin Class Switching; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007420:Intestine, Large / Q000276:immunology; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D054447:Receptors, CCR10 / Q000032:analysis; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000032:analysis; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; C514936:CXCR4 protein, mouse; C515707:Ccr10 protein, mouse; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D054447:Receptors, CCR10; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors