title: Dietary sugar as a direct fuel for flight in the nectarivorous bat Glossophaga soricina.
abstract: It is thought that the capacity of mammals to directly supply the energetic needs of exercising muscles using recently ingested fuels is limited. Humans, for example, can only fuel about 30%, at most, of exercise metabolism with dietary sugar. Using indirect calorimetry, i.e. measurement of rates of O(2) consumption and CO(2) production, in combination with carbon stable isotope techniques, we found that nectarivorous bats Glossophaga soricina use recently ingested sugars to provide approximately 78% of the fuel required for oxidative metabolism during their energetically expensive hovering flight. Among vertebrate animals, only hummingbirds exceed the capacity of these nectarivorous bats to fuel exercise with dietary sucrose. Similar experiments performed on Anna's (Calypte anna) and rufous (Selasphorus rufus) hummingbirds show that they use recently ingested sugars to support approximately 95% of hovering metabolism. These results support the suggestion that convergent evolution of physiological and biochemical traits has occurred among hovering nectarivorous animals, rendering them capable of a process analogous to aerial refueling in aircraft.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9610, USA. kenwelch@ucr.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.forename: L Gerardo
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Herrera M
authors.forename: Raul K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Suarez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002685:Chiroptera / Q000502:physiology*; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D045853:Exhalation; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005426:Flight, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D019422:Dietary Sucrose