title: Plasma enterolignan concentrations and colorectal cancer risk in a nested case-control study.
abstract: Enterolignans are biphenolic compounds that possess several biologic activities whereby they may influence carcinogenesis. The authors investigated the association between plasma enterolactone and enterodiol and colorectal cancer risk in a Dutch prospective study. Among more than 35,000 participants aged 20-59 years, 160 colorectal cancer cases were diagnosed after 7.5 years of follow-up (1987-2003). Cohort members who were frequency-matched to the cases on age, sex, and study center were selected as controls (n = 387). Plasma enterodiol and enterolactone were not associated with risk of colorectal cancer after adjustment for known colorectal cancer risk factors (highest quartile vs. lowest: for enterodiol, odds ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval: 0.56, 2.20 (p-trend = 0.75); for enterolactone, odds ratio = 1.70, 95% confidence interval: 0.88, 3.27 (p-trend = 0.15)). However, sex (p-interaction = 0.06) and body mass index (p-interaction < 0.01) modified the relation between plasma enterolactone and colorectal cancer risk; increased risks were observed among women and subjects with a high body mass index. The association between plasma enterodiol and colorectal cancer risk was modified by smoking status; risk was increased among current smokers (p-interaction < 0.01). These findings do not support the hypothesis that high plasma enterodiol or enterolactone concentrations are associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nutrition and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anneleen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuijsten
authors.forename: Peter C H
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Hollman
authors.forename: Hendriek C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Boshuizen
authors.forename: Michel N C P
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Buijsman
authors.forename: Pieter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van 't Veer
authors.forename: Frans J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Kok
authors.forename: Ilja C W
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Arts
authors.forename: H Bas
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Bueno-de-Mesquita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017705:Lignans / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D017705:Lignans