title: Treatment of Danish adolescent diabetic patients with CSII - a matched study to MDI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare two intensified insulin therapy regimens - continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) against multiple daily insulin injection (MDI) - in Danish adolescents examined in a prospective, matched controlled study design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty type 1 diabetic adolescents at CSII and 26 matched MDI controls were included in this open intention-to-treat study. Actrapid was used in both groups. Before study entry, all participants followed a brush-up course in order to minimize study effect. At each visit, the following parameters were recorded: hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin dose, weight, number of hypoglycemic and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) events, and the time resources used. At entry and exit of the study, diet registration and validated quality-of-life (QoL) questionnaires were filled by the participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A non-significant decline in HbA1c was seen in both groups (p = 0.468); HbA1c decreased from 9.5 to 8.9% and from 9.7 to 9.5% in the CSII and MDI group, respectively. The insulin dose and the number of severe hypoglycemic events per patient were lower (non-significant) in the CSII group. Both groups showed increased body mass index - highest in the CSII group - and mild to moderate DKA episodes were only seen among CSII users. No differences could be demonstrated within the QoL or diet registrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CSII treatment is beneficial as an intensified insulin therapy for selected type 1 diabetic patients and both MDI and CSII can be offered by the professional diabetes team to better tailor therapy. In future, there is a strong need to identify the characteristics of responders to CSII treatment in order to increase the efficacy and safety of CSII treatment.
authors.affiliation: Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark. jesj@steno.dk
authors.forename: Jesper
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Johannesen
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eising
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kohlwes
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riis
authors.forename: Maiken
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: Bendix
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carstensen
authors.forename: Inger
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bendtson
authors.forename: Jørn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nerup
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003718:Denmark; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin