title: Therapeutic response to metformin in an underweight patient with polycystic ovarian syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case where insulin sensitization restored menses in an underweight woman with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care center.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 19-year-old woman with a body mass index of 16.9 kg/m(2), severe hirsutism, and oligomenorrhea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Insulin sensitization with metformin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Impact of metformin therapy on menstrual cycle and serum T and fasting insulin levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Metformin, without weight loss or increased physical activity, resulted in restoration of menstrual cycle, reduction in serum T, and improvement in insulin resistance (IR).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case highlights the contribution of PCOS-related IR, distinct from visceral adiposity, and demonstrates the effectiveness of pharmacological insulin-sensitization independent of weight loss or lifestyle adjustments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ebaa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Al-Ozairi
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Quinton
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Advani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005326:Fetal Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D008687:Metformin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D013851:Thinness / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000098908:Brachyury Protein
chemical_list: D005326:Fetal Proteins; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D008687:Metformin; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins; D000098908:Brachyury Protein