title: Differences in sensitivity to cold in Japanese men and postmenopausal women aged > or =50 years.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sensitivity to cold is associated with several factors, such as aging, sex, and body composition. However, no previous studies have examined the differences in sensitivity to cold in men and women or the association of hormonal levels with sensitivity to cold.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to clarify both the change in sensitivity to cold with aging and the difference in sensitivity to cold between men and women. Associations were also examined between circulating hormonal concentrations and the changes with aging and differences in sensitivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  This population-based cohort study enrolled healthy Japanese men and women aged > or = 50 years. A standardized 210-item health questionnaire was used to obtain information on symptoms of sensitivity to cold. Serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 154 men and 180 women enrolled in this study, more women than men had sensitivity to cold. Whereas the percentage of men who had sensitivity to cold significantly increased with aging (P < 0.05), the percentage of women who had sensitivity to cold was already high (23.7%) at 50 to 60 years of age and did not change with aging. In men, advancing age and low body mass index (BMI) were significantly associated with sensitivity to cold (P < 0.05); however, age and BMI in women were not similarly associated. In addition, the effect of sex after adjustment for age was significant (P < 0.05), and there was also a numeric but nonsignificant effect of sex after adjustment for BMI. In men, low serum levels of the gonadal hormone FSH were significantly associated with sensitivity to cold in logistic analysis, but this association was nonsignificant after multivariate analysis. Serum concentrations of gonadal hormones and SHBG in women were not associated with sensitivity to col.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association of age with sensitivity to cold was different in men and women; the association of BMI with sensitivity to cold might be different in men and women. In addition, these changes in sensitivity to cold were not associated with circulating hormonal concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan. yasui@clin.med.tokushima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Irahara
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kojimahara
authors.forename: Ryugo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Okabe
authors.forename: Ishii
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yasutomo
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006065:Gonadotropins, Pituitary / Q000097:blood; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism; D013697:Thermosensing / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D006065:Gonadotropins, Pituitary; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin