title: Delayed skin allograft rejection following matrix membrane pretreatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No solution has been offered to induce long-term skin allograft survival in burn patients. We investigated whether transplant acceptance could be improved by a nonsystemic pretreatment of the graft and recipient wound surfaces with a bioengineered interface consisting of an acellular matrix membrane.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group 1 (n=30): Crosstransplants of untreated skin grafts between BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Group 2 (n=30): Crosstransplants of matrix-treated skin grafts between BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Group 3 (n=30): Retransplantation of skin grafts from the original donor on to the sensitised recipients. Sensitisation was accomplished by prior transplantation of an untreated skin allograft from the same donor (Group 1 mice). Two skin grafts were transplanted: one treated and one untreated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rejection occurred in the untreated group after a mean of 6.8 days (+/-1.5 days). In contrast, treatment with the bioengineered matrix membrane was found to substantially prolong allograft survival with a mean of 28 days (+/-3.8 days). Graft survival between the two groups reached statistical significance (P<0.05). In the sensitised mice, the untreated skin regrafts were all rejected in an accelerated fashion with an onset of less than 4 days (mean+/-1 days). However, the matrix membrane-treated skin regrafts were maintained for a mean of 18 days (+/-3 days).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that treatment with the bioengineered matrix membrane greatly delays the onset of acute allograft rejection. The described topical application to the wound surfaces of both the graft and the recipient may offer a new and readily available source of wound coverage in patients with extensive burns.
authors.affiliation: UMCU, Department of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, Utrecht, The Netherlands. bartsky@gmail.com
authors.forename: Bart M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Stubenitsky
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brasile
authors.forename: Lorita M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Rebellato
authors.forename: Harm
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hawinkels
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haisch
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002056:Burns / Q000601:surgery*; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration / Q000379:methods*; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing / Q000379:methods; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012086:Reoperation; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000276:immunology / Q000379:methods*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial