title: Biological effects of rinsing morsellised bone grafts before and after impaction.
abstract: Rinsing bone grafts before or both before and after impaction might have different effects on the incorporation of the graft. Rinsing again after impaction might negatively influence bone induction if growth factors released by impaction are washed away. We studied if transforming growth factor-betas (TGF-betas) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are released from the mineralised matrix by impaction and if these released growth factors induce osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Rinsed morsellised bone allografts were impacted in a cylinder and the escaping fluid was collected. The fluid was analysed for the presence of TGF-betas and BMPs, and the osteoinductive capacity was tested on hMSCs. Abundant TGF-beta was present in the fluid. No BMPs could be detected. Osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs was inhibited by the fluid. Results from our study leave us only able to speculate whether rinsing grafts again after impaction has a beneficial effect on the incorporation process or not.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gerjon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hannink
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Piek
authors.forename: Jose M A
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Van der Kraan
authors.forename: B Willem
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Schreurs
authors.forename: Pieter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buma
mesh_terms: D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000637:transplantation; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods* / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005269:Femur / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000637:transplantation; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D011312:Pressure; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2