title: Therapeutic angiogenesis using tissue engineered human smooth muscle cell sheets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) can have severe consequences on patient mortality and morbidity. In contrast to approaches using growth factor administration or isolated cell transplantation, we attempted to develop an alternative method for ischemic therapy using the transplantation of tissue engineered cell sheets with angiogenic potential.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Human smooth muscle cell (SMC) and fibroblast cell (FbC) sheets were harvested from temperature-responsive culture dishes and transplanted into ischemic hind limbs of athymic rats. ELISA showed significantly increased in vitro secretion of angiogenic factors by SMCs in comparison to FbCs. Twenty-one days after transplantation, laser doppler analysis demonstrated significantly increased blood perfusion in the SMC group. Perfusion with Indian ink and immunohistochemistry also revealed significantly greater numbers of functional capillaries in the SMC group. Finally, cell tracing experiments revealed that some SMCs from the transplanted cell sheets migrated into the ischemic tissues, contributing to newly formed vessels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SMC sheet transplantation allows for controlled and localized delivery of cells that possess angiogenic potential directly to ischemic tissues. Through the secretion of angiogenic factors, as well as cell migration and integration with newly formed vessels, SMC sheet transplantation provides an effective method for the revascularization of ischemic tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Heart Institute of Japan, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hobo
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sekine
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shin'oka
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurosawa
mesh_terms: D042501:Angiogenic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000637:transplantation; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000637:transplantation; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D051381:Rats; D011923:Rats, Nude; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D042501:Angiogenic Proteins