title: Anesthetic efficacy of 1.8 mL and 3.6 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine for maxillary infiltrations.
abstract: The purpose of this prospective, randomized, single-blinded study was to measure the degree of anesthesia obtained with 1.8 mL and 3.6 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in maxillary infiltrations. Ninety-six adult subjects randomly received infiltrations of 1.8 mL and 3.6 mL of the lidocaine solution at two separate appointments, in a crossover design. Thirty-two lateral incisors, 32 first premolars and 32 first molars were studied in this investigation. Anesthetic success (obtaining two consecutive 80 readings with the electric pulp tester) for the two volumes ranged from 97% to 100%. The onset of pulpal anesthesia was not statistically different between the two volumes. For both volumes, the lateral incisors had a higher percentage of anesthesia of short duration than the first premolar and first molar. The 3.6 mL volume provided a statistically longer duration of pulpal anesthesia for the lateral incisor, first premolar, and first molar.
authors.affiliation: Private Practice; Wapakoneta, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mikesell
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drum
authors.forename: Al
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reader
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beck
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000187:drug effects; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000187:drug effects; D003791:Dental Pulp Test; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000187:drug effects; D007267:Injections; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000187:drug effects*; D008963:Molar / Q000187:drug effects; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013997:Time Factors; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D008012:Lidocaine; D004837:Epinephrine