title: Perioperative beta-blocker and statin therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Perioperative beta-blockade and statin therapy have been advocated to reduce cardiac risk of noncardiac surgery. This review evaluates recent articles published on the cardioprotective effects of perioperative therapy with these medications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initial studies evaluating beta-blocker therapy during the perioperative period suggested that beta-blockers may be beneficial in reducing cardiac deaths and myocardial infarctions. Later studies and recent meta-analyses, however, are less favorable and suggest that beta-blockers may be associated with increased incidence of bradycardia and hypotension. One randomized trial and several cohort studies have found a significant reduction in cardiovascular complications with perioperative statin therapy. Additionally, statin withdrawal is associated with increased postoperative cardiac risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based upon the available evidence and guidelines, patients currently taking beta-blockers should continue these agents. Patients undergoing vascular surgery who are at high cardiac risk should also take beta-blockers. The question remains regarding the best protocol to initiate perioperative beta-blockade. Statins should be continued in patients already taking these agents prior to surgery. The optimal duration and time of initiation of statin therapy remains unclear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Geraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Daumerie
authors.forename: Lee A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Fleisher
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors