title: Assistance received by employed caregivers and their care recipients: who helps care recipients when caregivers work full time?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the association among caregiver labor force participation, employees' caregiving activities, and the amount and quality of care received by care recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Telephone interviews were conducted with 478 adults who were employed full time and 705 nonemployed adults who provided care to a family member or friend aged 50 or older, identified through random sampling of California households. We assessed care recipient impairment and service problems; the amounts and types of assistance received from caregivers, family and friends, and paid providers; and caregiver utilization of support services.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Care recipients of caregivers employed full time were less likely to receive large amounts of care from their caregivers, more likely to receive personal care from paid care providers, more likely to use community services, and more likely to experience service problems than were care recipients of nonemployed caregivers. Employed caregivers were more likely to use caregiver support services than were nonemployed caregivers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Accommodation to caregiver full-time employment involves selective supplementation by caregivers and their care recipients, reflecting increased reliance on formal support services as well as increased vulnerability to service problems and unmet care recipient needs. These findings suggest the need for greater attention to the well-being of disabled elders whose caregivers are employed full time.
authors.affiliation: School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, 120 Haviland, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. scharlach@berkeley.edu
authors.forename: Andrew E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Scharlach
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gustavson
authors.forename: Teresa S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Dal Santo
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002140:California; D017028:Caregivers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D004651:Employment / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006699:Home Care Services / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012944:Social Support