Cigarette smoking in opioid-using patients presenting for hospital-based medical services.
Little is known about cigarette smoking among opioid users who are not in substance abuse treatment. The study examined cigarette smoking in out-of-treatment opioid users presenting at a hospital who participated in drug abuse research. Participants exhibited a high rate of smoking (92%) at baseline that remained unchanged at one year and were moderately nicotine-dependent. Nineteen percent preferred unfiltered cigarettes. Women were more likely to smoke menthol cigarettes; men were more likely to smoke unfiltered cigarettes. Caucasians tended to smoke more than other ethnicities and exhibited greater dependence. Out-of-treatment drug users continue to be at high risk for continued smoking.
Haas
Amie L
AL
San Francisco Treatment Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Sorensen
James L
JL
Hall
Sharon M
SM
Lin
Christine
C
Delucchi
Kevin
K
Sporer
Karl
K
Chen
TeChieh
T
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006296:Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008610:Menthol; D009538:Nicotine; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*
D008610:Menthol; D009538:Nicotine