title: The association of genetic variants in Krüppel-like factor 11 and Type 2 diabetes in the Japanese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Krüppel-like factor 11 (KLF11) is a transcriptional factor of the zinc finger domain family that regulates the expression of insulin. In North European populations, its common functional variant Q62R (rs35927125) is a strong genetic factor for Type 2 diabetes (P = 0.00033, odds ratio for G allele = 1.29, 95% CI 1.12-1.49). We examined the contribution of KLF11 variants to the susceptibility to Type 2 diabetes in a Japanese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  By re-sequencing Japanese individuals (n = 24, partly 96), we screened all four exons, exon/intron boundaries and flanking regions of KLF11. Verified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 731 initial samples (369 control and 362 case subjects). Subsequently, we tested for association in 1087 samples (524 control and 563 case subjects), which were collected in different districts of Japan from the initial samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified eight variants, including a novel A/C variant on intron 3, but no mis-sense mutations. In an association study, we failed to find any significant result of SNPs (minor allele frequency 8.2-46.2%) after correcting for multiple testing. Similarly, no haplotypes were associated with Type 2 diabetes. It is notable that the G allele in rs35927125 was completely absent in 1818 Japanese individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genetic variants in KLF11 are unlikely to have a major effect of Type 2 diabetes in the Japanese population, although they were significantly associated in North European populations. These observations might help to determine the role of KLF11 variants in Type 2 diabetes in different populations.
authors.affiliation: Division of Genetic Information, Institute for Genome Research, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan. tana@genome.tokushima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanahashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Keshavarz
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyawaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kunika
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moritani
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiota
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Itakura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007564:Japan / Q000208:ethnology; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D007328:Insulin; C115117:KLF11 protein, human; D012097:Repressor Proteins