title: In situ high-volume modified continuous closed and/or open lavage for infected necrotizing pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical significance of high-volume modified continuous closed and/or open lavage for the treatment of infected necrotizing pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  From August 1997 to December 2006, 53 patients with infected necrotizing pancreatitis who underwent in situ high-volume (>20 L/d) continuous closed lavage using a single-lumen rubber catheter and/or open lavage were retrospectively studied in our hospital, and the advantages of this new technique were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Modified continuous closed lavage was the initial treatment for all patients; in 6 patients with secondary retroperitoneal sepsis or abscess, continuous open lavage was performed. Impaired tube patency and lavage fluid retention did not occur in any of these patients. The overall mortality was 17.0% (9/53). Twelve patients underwent early surgery, and 5 (41.7%) died; 41 patients underwent delayed surgery, and 4 (9.8%) died. Significant local complications occurred in 14 patients (26.4%); the incidence of bleeding, abscess, and fistula was 13.2% (7/53), 9.4% (5/53), and 9.4% (5/53), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our technique of in situ high-volume modified continuous closed and/or open lavage has produced a better control of infected necrotizing pancreatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Shun Liang
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Qiu Ping
authors.initials: QP
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yuan Liang
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yu Lian
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D003646:Debridement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D019283:Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*