title: Adiponectin is released from the heart in patients with heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Plasma levels of adiponectin are decreased in patients with ischemic heart disease, but increased in patients with heart failure (HF). The source of increased adiponectin levels in patients with HF remains unknown. This study examined whether adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived protein with cardioprotective actions, is released from the heart in patients with HF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma adiponectin levels sampled from the aorta, coronary sinus (CS), and peripheral vein (PV) were measure by ELISA in 138 consecutive patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40% and in 40 normal controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PV adiponectin levels were significantly higher in patients with either non-ischemic HF (n=81) or ischemic HF (n=57) than controls; levels were similar between patients with non-ischemic HF and those with ischemic HF. There was a significant step-up in adiponectin levels from the aorta to the CS in patients with either non-ischemic HF or ischemic HF but not in controls. The CS-aorta difference in adiponectin levels, which reflect cardiac release of adiponectin, positively correlated with PV levels in patients with either non-ischemic HF or ischemic HF. The CS-aorta difference in adiponectin levels positively correlated with PV levels of brain natriuretic peptide and inversely with LVEF in patients with either non-ischemic HF or ischemic HF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adiponectin is released from the heart into the peripheral circulation in proportion to the extent of LV dysfunction in patients with HF irrespective of etiologies of HF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Yamanashi, Chuo City, Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Jyun-ei
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Obata
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitta
authors.forename: Takamitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mende
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawabata
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fujioka
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Keita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Kiyotaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kugiyama
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin