title: Breakthrough cerebral toxoplasmosis in a patient receiving atovaquone prophylaxis after a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
abstract: We describe a case of breakthrough cerebral toxoplasmosis during atovaquone therapy in a child who was intolerant of conventional prophylactic regimens after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The available data on the efficacy of atovaquone prophylaxis in Toxoplasma sero-positive stem cell transplant recipients remain limited, and other strategies, such as preemptive strategy using toxoplasma PCR or TMP-SMX desensitization should be considered in this setting.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqwa, Israel.
authors.forename: Orli
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Megged
authors.forename: Itamar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shalit
authors.forename: Isaac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yaniv
authors.forename: Jerry
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Itzhak
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Levy
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053626:Atovaquone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D013997:Time Factors; D016781:Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D053626:Atovaquone