title: Sulfadimethoxine and ormetoprim residues in three species of fish after oral dosing in feed.
abstract: Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus, and walleyes Sander vitreus were treated with Romet-30 (PHARMAQ AS, Oslo, Norway) via a medicated ration at 50 mg Romet-30 kg fish body weight(- 1) d(-1) for 10 d to compare the elimination kinetics of the test substance. This study was part of a larger effort to develop a species grouping concept for the labeling of therapeutic compounds for cultured fishes. The fish tests were conducted at the ideal water temperature for each species and at 5 degrees C lower than the ideal temperature except for summer flounder, which would not feed at the lower temperature of 15 degrees C. Test temperatures were 30 degrees C and 25 degrees C for Nile tilapia, 20 degrees C and 17 degrees C for summer flounder, and 25 degrees C and 20 degrees C for walleyes. Neither component of Romet-30 (sulfadimethoxine and ormetoprim) could be detected in samples of the edible portion of walleyes (muscle plus skin) collected at day 10 posttreatment or thereafter. In studies with summer flounder, only one fish had a detectable concentration of either component on day 21 or thereafter. Elimination of Romet-30 by Nile tilapia was extremely rapid. The limited number of Nile tilapia with detectable sulfadimethoxine or ormetoprim during the posttreatment period prevented the determination of elimination half-life or elimination in this species.
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Animal Health Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-6401, USA.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Kosoff
authors.forename: C-Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Wooster
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Getchell
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Clifford
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Craigmill
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Bowser
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D023681:Cichlids / Q000378:metabolism*; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005399:Fishes; D005432:Flounder / Q000378:metabolism*; D010473:Perciformes / Q000378:metabolism*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013045:Species Specificity; D013412:Sulfadimethoxine / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D011743:Pyrimidines; D013412:Sulfadimethoxine; C100125:ormetoprim