title: Childhood obesity predicts adult metabolic syndrome: the Fels Longitudinal Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the age of significant divergence in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in adults with and without the metabolic syndrome, and to provide age- and sex-specific childhood values that predict adult metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Part 1 of this study is a retrospective cohort study of 92 men and 59 women (mean age, 51 years) who had metabolic syndrome and 154 randomly selected adults matched for age and sex who did not have the syndrome. Part 2 is a study of predictive accuracy in a validation sample of 743 participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The first appearance of differences between adults with and without metabolic syndrome occurred at ages 8 and 13 for BMI and 6 and 13 for waist circumference in boys and girls, respectively. Odds ratios (ORs) for the metabolic syndrome at 30 years and older ranged from 1.4 to 1.9 across age groups in boys and from 0.8 to 2.8 across age groups in girls if BMI exceeded criterion values in childhood. The corresponding ORs for waist circumference ranged from 2.5 to 31.4 in boys and 1.7 to 2.5 in girls. These ORs increased with the number of examinations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with BMI and waist circumference values exceeding the established criterion values are at increased risk for the adult metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Lifespan Health Research Center, Department of Community Health, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Shumei S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Ruohong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Terry T-K
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Daniels
authors.forename: Silva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arslanian
authors.forename: Kiang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Gilman D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Grave
authors.forename: Roger M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Siervogel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012306:Risk