title: Novel isoforms of the CARD8 (TUCAN) gene evade a nonsense mutation.
abstract: CARD8 (TUCAN) is implicated in the regulation of apoptosis and inflammation, and is a positional and functional candidate gene for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent investigations have reported conflicting results of association between a CARD8 nonsynonymous SNP, rs2043211, and IBD. SNP rs2043211 results in an A>T transversion in the CARD8 template strand, which introduces a stop codon polymorphism (Cys10Stop), and genotyping of the Cys10Stop variant revealed that 9% of the control population was homozygous for the 'Stop' allele. The effect of the Stop allele on mRNA and protein expression of the two known isoforms of this gene was investigated. IBD patients homozygous for the Stop allele showed somewhat reduced expression of CARD8 mRNA, but, contrary to expectation, expressed a 48 kDa protein isoform. A search of the EST database and reverse transcription-PCR analysis revealed a novel coding exon and three novel CARD8 mRNA isoforms that are conserved in primates. The isoforms of CARD8 differ in their N-termini, resulting in diverse predicted molecular weights (47, 48, 51, 54 and 60 kDa) and multiple outcomes for the variant including Cys10Stop, Cys34Stop, Phe52Ile and Phe102Ile; one isoform may arise through transcription and translation initiated downstream of rs2043211 to yield a novel protein isoform of approximately 47 kDa. The multiple isoforms and differing consequences for a predicted stop codon polymorphism underline the importance of detailed analysis of the effects of proposed functional variants on gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Bagnall
authors.forename: Roland G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Muddassar M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mirza
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Torigoe
authors.forename: Natalie J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Prescott
authors.forename: Christopher G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Mathew
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing / Q000235:genetics*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053468:CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D018389:Codon, Nonsense / Q000235:genetics*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D005838:Genotype; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D053468:CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins; C455623:CARD8 protein, human; D018389:Codon, Nonsense; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012333:RNA, Messenger