title: KRAS mutations as an independent prognostic factor in patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cetuximab is efficient in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). We previously showed that KRAS mutations were associated with resistance to cetuximab in 30 CRC patients. The aim of this study was to validate, in an independent larger series of 89 patients, the prognostic value of KRAS mutations on response to cetuximab and survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-nine metastatic CRC patients treated with cetuximab after treatment failure with irinotecan-based chemotherapy were analyzed for KRAS mutation by allelic discrimination on tumor DNA. The association between KRAS mutations and tumor response, skin toxicity, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A KRAS mutation was present in 27% of the patients and was associated with resistance to cetuximab (0% v 40% of responders among the 24 mutated and 65 nonmutated patients, respectively; P < .001) and a poorer survival (median PFS: 10.1 v 31.4 weeks in patients without mutation; P = .0001; median OS: 10.1 v 14.3 months in patients without mutation; P = .026). When we pooled these 89 patients with patients from our previous study, the multivariate analysis showed that KRAS status was an independent prognostic factor associated with OS and PFS, whereas skin toxicity was only associated with OS. In a combined analysis, median OS times of patients with two, one, or no favorable prognostic factors (severe skin toxicity and no KRAS mutation) was of 15.6, 10.7, and 5.6 months, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results confirm the high prognostic value of KRAS mutations on response to cetuximab and survival in metastatic CRC patients treated with cetuximab.
authors.affiliation: L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U775, Université Paris-Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lièvre
authors.forename: Jean-Baptiste
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Bachet
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Boige
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cayre
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Le Corre
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Buc
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ychou
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bouché
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Landi
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Louvet
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: André
authors.forename: Fréderic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bibeau
authors.forename: Marie-Danièle
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Diebold
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rougier
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ducreux
authors.forename: Gorana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tomasic
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Emile
authors.forename: Frédérique
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Penault-Llorca
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Laurent-Puig
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068818:Cetuximab; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C117307:KRAS protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins; D000068818:Cetuximab