Obesity: a review of pathogenesis and management strategies.
The prevalence of obesity in the developed world is increasing. Approximately 23% of adult Canadians (5.5 million people) are obese. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing several comorbid diseases, ranging from cardiovascular diseases to cholelithiasis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The etiology of obesity is multifactorial, involving a complex interaction among genetics, hormones and the environment. The available evidence and recommendations for nonpharmacological management of obesity, including dietary therapy, physical activity and behavioural therapy, in addition to pharmacotherapy are discussed. A brief discussion on endoscopic and surgical procedures is undertaken. Several antiobesity treatment options are available and may be indicated in appropriate situations. Selecting obesity therapy may be guided by body mass index measurements, comorbid illnesses and patient preference.
Kaila
Brinderjit
B
Department of Gastroenterology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
Raman
Maitreyi
M
D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000379:methods; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D031204:Caloric Restriction / Q000379:methods; D003503:Cyclobutanes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007783:Lactones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D000077403:Orlistat; D010880:Piperidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077285:Rimonabant; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology
D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D003503:Cyclobutanes; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D007783:Lactones; D010880:Piperidines; D011720:Pyrazoles; D000077403:Orlistat; D000077285:Rimonabant; C058254:sibutramine