title: Cidofovir in combination with HAART and survival in AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
abstract: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is a demyelinating disease with a high mortality caused by the JC virus and occurs in about 5% of HIV-infected patients. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has a proven efficacy in prolonging the survival of patients with AIDS-associated PML, but there are differing opinions about adding cidofovir to the treatment of PML. To investigate the benefit of HAART combined with cidofovir, we retrospectively analysed the survival of 33 patients with AIDS-associated PML proven by PCR in CSF, biopsy or at autopsy. Additionally, we also analysed 37 patients with probable PML. Seventeen (51.5%) of the patients with confirmed PML were treated with HAART and 14 (42.4%) with cidofovir in any combination. Of these patients, 13 (39.4%) were treated with HAART and cidofovir in combination, four (12.1%) patients received only HAART without cidofovir and one (3%) patient received only cidofovir without HAART. Fifteen patients did not receive HAART or cidofovir. The cumulative survival was significantly longer in patients with HAART than in patients without HAART (p = 0.006), independent whether cidofovir was given or not. In comparison with single therapy with HAART, the combination of HAART and cidofovir showed no significant increase in survival (p = 0.435). Therefore, a benefit for cidofovir in addition to HAART in the treatment of PML in HIV-infected patients could not be proven.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Neurology, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Str. 33, 48149 Münster, Germany. kraemec@uni-muenster.de
authors.forename: Christoffer
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Evers
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nolting
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arendt
authors.forename: Ingo W
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Husstedt
mesh_terms: D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077404:Cidofovir; D003596:Cytosine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007577:JC Virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007968:Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D063065:Organophosphonates; D003596:Cytosine; D000077404:Cidofovir