title: Discovery of 4-aryl-4H-chromenes as a new series of apoptosis inducers using a cell- and caspase-based high throughput screening assay. 4. Structure-activity relationships of N-alkyl substituted pyrrole fused at the 7,8-positions.
abstract: In our continuing effort to discover and develop apoptosis inducing 4-aryl-4H-chromenes as novel anticancer agents, we explored the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of alkyl substituted pyrrole fused at the 7,8-positions. A methyl group substituted at the nitrogen in the 7-position of the pyrrole ring led to a series of potent apoptosis inducers with potency in the low nanomolar range. These compounds were also found to be low nanomolar or subnanomolar inhibitors of cell growth, and they inhibited tubulin polymerization, indicating that methylation of the 7-position nitrogen does not change the mechanism of action of these chromenes. Compound 2d was identified as a highly potent apoptosis inducer with an EC50 value of 2 nM and a highly potent inhibitor of cell growth with a GI50 value of 0.3 nM in T47D cells.
authors.affiliation: Epicept Corporation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kemnitzer
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Drewe
authors.forename: Songchun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Candace
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Crogan-Grundy
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Labreque
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bubenick
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Attardo
authors.forename: Real
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Denis
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lamothe
authors.forename: Henriette
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gourdeau
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: Shailaja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasibhatla
authors.forename: Sui Xiong
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D050257:Tubulin Modulators / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C528495:2-amino-4-(3-bromo-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-cyano-4,7-dihydro-7-methylpyrano(2,3-e)indole; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001578:Benzopyrans; D007211:Indoles; D011758:Pyrroles; D050257:Tubulin Modulators; D020169:Caspases