title: Isolation, antimicrobial activity, and metabolites of fungus Cladosporium sp. associated with red alga Porphyra yezoensis.
abstract: Cladosporium sp. isolate N5 was isolated as a dominant fungus from the healthy conchocelis of Porphyra yezoensis. In the re-infection test, it did not cause any pathogenic symptoms in the alga. Twenty-one cultural conditions were chosen to test its antimicrobial activity in order to obtain the best condition for large-scale fermentation. Phenylacetic acid, p-hydroxyphenylethyl alcohol, and L-beta-phenyllactic acid were isolated from the crude extract as strong antimicrobial compounds and they are the first reported secondary metabolites for the genus Cladosporium. In addition, the Cladosporium sp. produced the reported Porphyra yezoensis growth regulators phenylacetic acid and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid. No cytotoxicity was found in the brine shrimp lethality test, which indicated that the environmental-friendly Cladosporium sp. could be used as a potential biocontrol agent to protect the alga from pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Rd. No. 7, 266071, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Fuchao
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaoyuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Laatsch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001156:Artemia; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002963:Cladosporium / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D003470:Culture Media; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000032:analysis; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009089:Mucor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044664:Porphyra / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D003470:Culture Media; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D010648:Phenylacetates; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S; C025136:phenylacetic acid; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol