title: A neutralizing anti-fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 8 monoclonal antibody shows anti-tumor activity against FGF8b-expressing LNCaP xenografts in androgen-dependent and -independent conditions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fibroblast growth factor 8-isoform b (FGF8b) has been detected in human clinical sex-organ related cancers including hormone-refractory prostate cancer. There are, however, few relevant experimental models. A murine monoclonal anti-FGF8 antibody, KM1334, has been shown to neutralize FGF8b and inhibit the growth of androgen-dependent mouse mammary SC-3 cells in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-tumor activity of KM1334 against androgen-dependent and -independent progression of FGF8b-expressing human prostate cancer xenografts.
  
  
  METHODS
  FGF8b cDNA was transfected into androgen-dependent human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP, and its xenograft tumors were established subcutaneously in SCID mice with or without castration. KM1334 at the dose of 400 microg/head was injected twice weekly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FGF8b-expressing LNCaP cells secreted FGF8b, showed enhanced level of Erk1/2 phosphorylation, and showed more potent growth properties than mock-expressing cells in vitro and in vivo. KM1334 reduced these properties in vitro, inhibited tumorigenecity in vivo (T/C=0.33), and showed anti-tumor activity against established tumors (T/C=0.47) of FGF8b-expressing cells. FGF8b-expressing LNCaP tumors were androgen-dependent. However, they recurred as androgen-independent FGF8b positive tumors after castration. KM1334 also inhibited the growth of established FGF8b-expressing tumors in the androgen-independent states (T/C=0.47).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that humanized monoclonal antibodies, conserving the paratope of KM1334, are a promising candidate for therapy of FGF8b-expressing clinical prostate cancers. Follow-up studies using xenograft models with clinical FGF8b-expressing tumors are required to validate these early findings.
authors.affiliation: Antibody Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maruyama-Takahashi
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Teruyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imada
authors.forename: Yoshimi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maekawa-Tokuda
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ouchi
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kusaka
authors.forename: Hiromasa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyaji
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akinaga
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kenya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shitara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D051524:Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016513:Mice, SCID; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D048053:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 6 / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014162:Transfection; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C496457:Fgf8 protein, mouse; D051524:Fibroblast Growth Factor 8; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048053:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 6