title: Sporadic multiple cerebral cavernomatosis: report of a case and review of literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are vascular malformations causing seizures and cerebral hemorrhages. They occur in sporadic and familial forms. Familial cases are associated with a high frequency of multiple lesions, which are less frequently associated with sporadic cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a 46-year-old woman presenting with epilepsy with multiple cerebral cavernomatosis on MRI. Because she had had a previous liver transplantation operation, and received immunosuppressants, she was not advised to have a brain operation. However, she had to be operated as a result of a bleeding in one of her cerebral cavernomas. The histologic diagnosis was cavernoma. She has been seizure free after the operation with levetiracetam therapy for the last 17 months. She had no positive family history for both epilepsy and cavernomatosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When multiple cerebral cavernomatosis are identified in a patient, a detailed neurologic family history should be sought despite the possibility of its being a sporadic case. Our main intention is to present a patient who is surgically controversial and to point out the importance of genetic heredity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Istanbul School of Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey. arzucoban2002@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Arzu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coban
authors.forename: Candan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gurses
authors.forename: Bilge
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bilgic
authors.forename: Serra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sencer
authors.forename: Aykut
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karasu
authors.forename: Nerses
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bebek
authors.forename: Betul
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baykan
authors.forename: Kemal T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Hepgul
authors.forename: Aysen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gokyigit
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D002897:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 / Q000235:genetics; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D020786:Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D000075927:KRIT1 Protein; D000077287:Levetiracetam; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D010889:Piracetam / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000075927:KRIT1 Protein; C107928:KRIT1 protein, human; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D000077287:Levetiracetam; D010889:Piracetam