title: Antimicrobial effects of the saliva substitute, Oralbalance, against microorganisms from oral mucosa in the hematopoietic cell transplantation period.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The commercially available saliva substitute Oralbalance has been reported to alleviate symptoms of post-radiotherapy xerostomia in head and neck cancer patients. Oralbalance may also be effective for xerostomia in patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) with high-dose chemotherapy and total-body irradiation. However, HCT patients are severely compromised, and saliva substitute must therefore not promote infection. This study was performed to determine the effects of Oralbalance on microbial species identified during HCT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Microbial identification of oral mucosa was performed in 28 patients undergoing HCT. The antimicrobial effects of Oralbalance against bacteria and fungi detected in the HCT period were examined in vitro. Briefly, bacteria and fungi were spread on agar plates, and 0.1g of Oralbalance gel was applied (about phi1cm). After incubation at 37 degrees C for 24h, the presence of a transparent zone of inhibition around Oralbalance was observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Not only bacterial species constituting normal flora of the oral mucosa but also those not usually constituting normal flora, e.g., coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, were detected. A transparent zone was observed around Oralbalance in all bacterial species examined. No transparent zone was observed for Candida albicans, but growth was inhibited in the area where Oralbalance was applied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oralbalance does not facilitate increases in microorganisms in the HCT period. Oral care with Oralbalance does not promote infection in patients undergoing HCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Soga
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kokeguchi
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishide
authors.forename: Kotoe
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Kanayo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Nobuharu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ishimaru
authors.forename: Mitsune
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.forename: Kokoro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamabe
authors.forename: Soichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsutani
authors.forename: Fusanori
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takashiba
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D012464:Saliva, Artificial