title: Altered small-world brain functional networks in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: In this study, we investigated the changes in topological architectures of brain functional networks in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Functional magnetic resonance images (fMRI) were obtained from 19 children with ADHD and 20 healthy controls during resting state. Brain functional networks were constructed by thresholding the correlation matrix between 90 cortical and subcortical regions and further analyzed by applying graph theoretical approaches. Experimental results showed that, although brain networks of both groups exhibited economical small-world topology, altered functional networks were demonstrated in the brain of ADHD when compared with the normal controls. In particular, increased local efficiencies combined with a decreasing tendency in global efficiencies found in ADHD suggested a disorder-related shift of the topology toward regular networks. Additionally, significant alterations in nodal efficiency were also found in ADHD, involving prefrontal, temporal, and occipital cortex regions, which were compatible with previous ADHD studies. The present study provided the first evidence for brain dysfunction in ADHD from the viewpoint of global organization of brain functional networks by using resting-state fMRI.
authors.affiliation: School of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chaozhe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.forename: Qingjiu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qiuhai
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D003344:Cortical Synchronization; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000503:physiopathology