title: Effectiveness of cardiac resynchronisation therapy in patients with echocardiographic evidence of mechanical dyssynchrony.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cardiac resynchronisation therapy has proven to be effective in refractory heart failure (HF) patients with QRS >120-130 ms. Therefore, the aim of our study was to verify the long-term effectiveness of cardiac resynchronisation therapy in HF patients with echocardiographic evidence of mechanical asynchrony regardless of QRS duration.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and six patients with New York Heart Association class II-IV HF and echocardiographic documentation of interventricular and intraventricular asynchrony underwent biventricular stimulation. A clinical and functional evaluation was performed at baseline, 1, 3, 6 months, and every 6 months thereafter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a median follow-up of 16 months, a significant improvement was noted in ejection fraction, left ventricular diameters, mitral regurgitation jet area, interventricular and intraventricular echocardiographic indexes of asynchrony, and the 6-min walking distance (P < 0.001 for all). Death rates for all causes and for cardiac causes were 18.2 (95% confidence interval 12.8-25.9) and 13.5 (95% confidence interval 9.0-20.3) per 100 person-years, respectively. Patients in New York Heart Association class IV had an almost three-fold increase in risk of dying as compared to class II-III (hazard ratio 2.97, 95% confidence interval 1.30-6.79).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interventricular and intraventricular asynchrony at echocardiography may be useful in identifying HF patients suitable for cardiac resynchronisation therapy, with results comparable to those obtained with QRS duration selection criteria.
authors.affiliation: Coronary Care Unit, Department of Electrophysiology, Belcolle Hospital, Viterbo, Italy. a_achilli@virgilio.it
authors.forename: Augusto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Achilli
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sassara
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pontillo
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Turreni
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klersy
authors.forename: Nicolino
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Patruno
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Achilli
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sallusti
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Spadaccia
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cricco
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Serra
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D013318:Stroke Volume; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography