title: Fluid compliance among patients having haemodialysis: can an educational programme make a difference?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper is a report of a study to examine the effectiveness of a patient education programme on fluid compliance as assessed by interdialytic weight gain, mean predialysis blood pressure and rate of fluid adherence.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Patients with end stage renal disease who receive haemodialysis are often non-compliant with their treatment regime, especially adherence to fluid restrictions.
  
  
  METHODS
  An exploratory study was conducted in 2004-05 using a quasi-experimental, single group design to examine the effectiveness of patient education on fluid compliance in a dialysis centre located in a major teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Twenty-six patients with an interdialytic weight gain of greater than 2.5 kg were identified as non-compliant and recruited to the study. The intervention was carried out over a 2-month period and included teaching and weekly reinforcement about diet, fluids and control of weight gain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients' mean interdialytic weight gain decreased following the educational intervention from 2.64 kg to 2.21 kg (P < 0.05) and adherence to fluid restrictions increased from 47% to 71% following the intervention. Predialysis mean blood pressure did not improve following the intervention, although the maximum recording for predialysis systolic pressure dropped from 220 mmHg to 161 mmHg. Whilst no statistically significant associations were detected between interdialytic weight gain and age, educational level, marital status or employment status, women demonstrated a greater decrease in mean interdialytic weight gain than men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nephrology nurses often have long-term relationships with their patients and are ideally placed to provide ongoing education and encouragement, especially for those experiencing difficulties in adhering to fluid and dietary restrictions.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Churchill, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.forename: Tang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li Yoong
authors.forename: Jaya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pinikahana
authors.forename: Tan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Si-Yen
mesh_terms: D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000451:nursing*; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations / Q000941:ethics; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance; D015430:Weight Gain