title: Validation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Hebrew translation (PSQI-H) in a sleep clinic sample.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is a standardized self-administered questionnaire for the assessment of subjective sleep quality. It has been translated into several languages and is widely used in clinical research studies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the reliability and validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Hebrew translation in a sleep clinic sample and in comparison with the Technion Mini Sleep Questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PSQI was translated into Hebrew based on standard guidelines. The final Hebrew version (PSQI-H) was administered to 450 patients from two sleep clinics and to 61 healthy adults from the community as a non-clinical control sample. The MSQ was administered to 130 patients in one sleep clinic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the PSQI-H, Cronbach's-alpha scores for sleep clinic and non-clinical samples were 0.70 and 0.52 respectively and 0.72 combined. Clinical sample scores were significantly higher than the non-clinical group, indicating lower sleep quality for the former. Significant correlations were found between the MSQ subscores and PSQI-H component scores for common underlying constructs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PSQI-H differentiated between clinical and non-clinical samples and showed adequate reliability and good validity. It may be used as a standardized tool for the assessment of subjective sleep quality in clinical research studies conducted in the Hebrew-speaking population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Studies, Haifa University, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel. tamarshochat@bezeqint.net
authors.forename: Tamar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shochat
authors.forename: Orna
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tzischinsky
authors.forename: Arie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oksenberg
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peled
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D014177:Translations