title: [Dietary factors and metabolic syndrome].
abstract: The role of diet in metabolic syndrome (MS) has been studied regarding each one of its components: obesity, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and abnormal glucose metabolism. However, few studies evaluated the effects of diet in the presence of MS as a unique independent disease. The aim of this manuscript was to review the role of dietary factors and dietary recommendations for MS. Recently some studies demonstrated that intake of whole-grain foods were negatively associated with MS. Foods with high glycemic index were positively associated with insulin resistance and the prevalence of MS. Following a Mediterranean-style diet caused a reduction in the number of MS components. Also, the adoption of the DASH diet improved the profile of all MS components. A total daily energy intake to obtain and/or to maintain a desirable weight is recommended for patients with MS. The fat content, especially from saturated fat, and cholesterol must be reduced and the intake of whole-grain foods, fruits, and vegetables must be increased. Probably, dietary fibers have an important role in the management of MS. New studies to evaluate the role of diet in the presence and development of MS are needed.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Endocrinologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS.
authors.forename: Thais
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Steemburgo
authors.forename: Valesca
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dall'Alba
authors.forename: Jorge L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: Mirela J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Azevedo
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000209:etiology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000178:diet therapy; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber