title: Abnormal sensorimotor control, but intact force field adaptation, in multiple sclerosis subjects with no clinical disability.
abstract: In MS subjects with no clinical disability, we assessed sensorimotor organization and their ability to adapt to an unfamiliar dynamical environment. Eleven MS subjects performed reaching movements while a robot generated a speed-dependent force field. Control and adaptation performance were compared with that of an equal number of control subjects. During a familiarization phase, when the robot generated no forces, the movements of MS subjects were more curved, displayed greater and more variable directional errors and a longer deceleration phase. During the force field phase, both MS and control subjects gradually learned to predict the robot-generated forces. The rates of adaptation were similar, but MS subjects showed a greater variability in responding to the force field. These results suggest that MS subjects have a preserved capability of learning to predict the effects of the forces, but make greater errors when actually using such predictions to generate movements. Inaccurate motor commands are then compensated later in the movement through an extra amount of sensory-based corrections. This indicates that early in the disease MS subjects have intact adaptive capabilities, but impaired movement execution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Informatics, Systems and Telematics and Research Centre for Neuroscience and Neuroengineering, University of Genoa, via Opera Pia 13, Genoa 16145, Italy.
authors.forename: Maura
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Casadio
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sanguineti
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morasso
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Solaro
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000502:physiology*; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities / Q000295:instrumentation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012371:Robotics