title: Bone regeneration in osseous defects-application of particulated human and bovine materials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Different bone substitute materials are used to manage the challenge of local bone loss subsequent to craniofacial reconstructive surgery. In this animal study we examined the de novo bone formation in bone defects after insertion of Puros Allograft of human origin or Navigraft of bovine origin, and compared the regenerative potential of each material to that of autogenous bone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the adult domestic pig as the animal model, we created identical bone defects in the frontal skull and filled them with the different test materials using random assignment. A defined number of defects remained unfilled to serve as control. We performed microradiographic, histologic, and polychromatic fluorescence labeling evaluations of the bone specimens at 1, 8, and 12 weeks after the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both of the materials that we tested allowed for complete bony consolidation of the defects by the end of the test period. After 12 weeks, the microradiographically measured mineralization rate was 5% to 10% lower than the mineralization rate of autogenous bone grafts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both Puros Allograft and Navigraft met the clinical requirements for bone substitutes, promoting predictable regeneration of the bony defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. christian.tudor@mkg.imed.uni-erlangen.de
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tudor
authors.forename: Safwan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srour
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thorwarth
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stockmann
authors.forename: Friedrich Wilhelm
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Neukam
authors.forename: Emeka
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nkenke
authors.forename: Karl Andreas
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Schlegel
authors.forename: Endre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Felszeghy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000628:therapy*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002417:Cattle; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008852:Microradiography; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes