Thermal ablation therapeutics based on CN(x) multi-walled nanotubes.
We demonstrate that nitrogen doped, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CN(x)-MWNT) result in photo-ablative destruction of kidney cancer cells when excited by near infrared (NIR) irradiation. Further, we show that effective heat transduction and cellular cytotoxicity depends on nanotube length: effective NIR coupling occurs at nanotube lengths that exceed half the wavelength of the stimulating radiation, as predicted in classical antenna theory. We also demonstrate that this radiation heats the nanotubes through induction processes, resulting in significant heat transfer to surrounding media and cell killing at extraordinarily small radiation doses. This cell death was attributed directly to photothermal effect generated within the culture, since neither the infrared irradiation itself nor the CN(x)-MWNT were toxic to the cells.
Torti
Suzy V
SV
Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27109-7507, USA.
Byrne
Fiona
F
Whelan
Orla
O
Levi
Nicole
N
Ucer
Burak
B
Schmid
Michael
M
Torti
Frank M
FM
Akman
Steven
S
Liu
Jiwen
J
Ajayan
Pulickel M
PM
Nalamasu
Omkaram
O
Carroll
David L
DL
D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D007259:Infrared Rays / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000379:methods*
D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon