Effects of the ketogenic diet on neurogenesis after kainic acid-induced seizures in mice.
The ketogenic diet (KD) remains a therapy in search of explanation although it is an established treatment of intractable epilepsy. Recent studies suggest that the KD may be both anticonvulsant and antiepileptogenic. Epileptic seizures have been shown to stimulate the proliferation rate of neuronal progenitor cells in adult animals, which may be related to epileptogenesis. It is known that calorie restriction (CR) increases neurogenesis. The KD was originally formulated to reproduce the biochemical changes seen upon fasting (extreme CR). Thus, we investigated the effects of the KD on neurogenesis after kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures in mice. In the present study, quantitative analysis of BrdU labeling revealed a significant increase in the proliferation rate of neuronal progenitor cells after KA-induced seizures in the KD-fed mice. This finding may provide a clue to explain how the KD exerts antiepileptogenic effects although further studies are mandatory to elucidate the relationship between seizure-induced neurogenesis augmented by the KD and its antiepileptogenic properties. In conclusion, our results suggest that the KD enhances neurogenesis, which may be related to its beneficial effects on epilepsy.
Kwon
Young Se
YS
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Jeong
Sang-Wuk
SW
Kim
Dong Wook
DW
Choi
Eun Sil
ES
Son
Byong Kwan
BK
D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000963:Antimetabolites; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003292:Convulsants; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018891:Dentate Gyrus / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007608:Kainic Acid; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D016707:Tissue Fixation
D000963:Antimetabolites; D003292:Convulsants; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C492380:NeuN protein, mouse; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D007608:Kainic Acid; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid