title: Glucocorticoid replacement is associated with hypertriglyceridaemia, elevated glucose and higher non-HDL cholesterol and may diminish the association of HDL cholesterol with the -629C>A CETP promoter polymorphism in GH-receiving hypopituitary patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effect of glucocorticoid substitution on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome components (NCEP ATP III criteria) and serum lipid levels was determined in GH-replaced hypopituitary patients. As glucocorticoid replacement is associated with a pronounced decrease in plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity, we also tested associations of HDL cholesterol with the -629C>A CETP promoter polymorphism in subjects with and without ACTH deficiency.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a university setting, we retrieved protocolized clinical and laboratory data from 165 adult hypopituitary patients, who had received GH for 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for age, sex and smoking, non-HDL cholesterol (P = 0.05) and triglycerides (P = 0.004) were higher, but HDL cholesterol was not decreased in 117 glucocorticoid (mainly cortisone acetate in two divided doses) receiving subjects compared to 48 ACTH-sufficient subjects. The prevalence of elevated plasma glucose and/or diabetes (P = 0.04) and hypertriglyceridaemia (P = 0.005), but not of other metabolic syndrome components, was higher in glucocorticoid-replaced subjects. HDL cholesterol was higher in -629 A allele carriers compared to -629CC homozygotes in ACTH-sufficient subjects (P = 0.04), but not in glucocorticoid-treated subjects (P = 0.13). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that only in ACTH-sufficient subjects, HDL cholesterol was independently related to this CETP gene variation (P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In GH- and glucocorticoid-replaced hypopituitary patients, serum non-HDL cholesterol and triglycerides are higher and the prevalence of hyperglycaemia is increased, but HDL cholesterol is not decreased. Conventional glucocorticoid replacement appears to diminish the association of HDL cholesterol with a common CETP gene variation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. r.p.f.dullaart@int.umcg.nl
authors.forename: Robin P F
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Dullaart
authors.forename: Jeroen L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Schols
authors.forename: Gerrit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van der Steege
authors.forename: Peter M J
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Zelissen
authors.forename: Wim J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Sluiter
authors.forename: André P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: van Beek
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D007018:Hypopituitarism / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D015995:Prevalence; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; C506642:CETP protein, human; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D002784:Cholesterol