Risk factors for Mycobacterium ulcerans infection, southeastern Australia.
Buruli/Bairnsdale ulcer (BU) is a severe skin and soft tissue disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. To better understand how BU is acquired, we conducted a case-control study during a sustained outbreak in temperate southeastern Australia. We recruited 49 adult patients with BU and 609 control participants from a newly recognized BU-endemic area in southeastern Australia. Participants were asked about their lifestyle and insect exposure. Odds ratios were calculated by using logistic regression and were adjusted for age and location of residence. Odds of having BU were at least halved for those who frequently used insect repellent, wore long trousers outdoors, and immediately washed minor skin wounds; odds were at least doubled for those who received mosquito bites on the lower legs or lower arms. This study provides new circumstantial evidence that implicates mosquitoes in the transmission of M. ulcerans in southeastern Australia.
Quek
Tricia Y J
TY
University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Athan
Eugene
E
Henry
Margaret J
MJ
Pasco
Julie A
JA
Redden-Hoare
Jane
J
Hughes
Andrew
A
Johnson
Paul D R
PD
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D054312:Buruli Ulcer / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D009033:Culicidae / Q000382:microbiology*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019911:Mycobacterium ulcerans / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012307:Risk Factors; D017192:Skin Diseases, Bacterial