Cytomegalovirus infection induces T-cell differentiation without impairing antigen-specific responses in Gambian infants.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection induces profound differentiation of T cells, and is associated with impaired responses to other immune challenges. We therefore considered whether CMV infection and the consequent T-cell differentiation in Gambian infants was associated with impaired specific responses to measles vaccination or polyclonal responses to the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). While the concentration of undifferentiated (CD27(+) CD28(+) CCR7(+)) T-cells in peripheral blood was unaffected by CMV, there was a large increase in differentiated (CD28(-) CD57(+)) CD8 T-cells and a smaller increase in differentiated CD4 cells. One week post-vaccination, the CD4 cell interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) response to measles was lower among CMV-infected infants, but there were no other differences between the cytokine responses, or between the cytokine or proliferative responses 4 months post-vaccination. However, the CD8 T cells of CMV-infected infants proliferated more in response to SEB and the antibody response to measles correlated with the IFN-gamma response to CMV, indicating that CMV infection actually enhances some immune responses in infancy.
Miles
David J C
DJ
Medical Research Council Laboratories Gambia, Banjul, The Gambia. djcm1@liverpool.ac.uk
Sanneh
Mariama
M
Holder
Beth
B
Crozier
Sarah
S
Nyamweya
Samuel
S
Touray
Ebrima S
ES
Palmero
Melba S
MS
Zaman
Syed M A
SM
Rowland-Jones
Sarah
S
van der Sande
Marianne
M
Whittle
Hilton
H
D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005714:Gambia; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007223:Infant; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000276:immunology; D008459:Measles virus / Q000276:immunology; D018089:Superantigens / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004768:Enterotoxins; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D018089:Superantigens; C031818:enterotoxin B, staphylococcal; D007371:Interferon-gamma