title: Nutrient digestibility and performance responses of growing pigs fed phytase- and xylanase-supplemented wheat-based diets.
abstract: Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing phytase and xylanase on nutrient digestibility and performance of growing pigs fed wheat-based diets. In Exp. 1, 10 diets were fed to 60 pigs from 20 to 60 kg of BW to determine the effect of combining phytase and xylanase on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and growth performance. The 10 diets included a positive control diet (PC; 0.23% available P; 0.60% Ca) and a negative control diet (NC; 0.16% available P; 0.50% Ca) supplemented with phytase at 0, 250, and 500 fytase units (FTU)/kg and xylanase at 0, 2,000, and 4,000 xylanase units (XU)/kg in a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement. In Exp. 2, 6 ileally cannulated barrows (initial BW = 35.1 kg) were fed 4 wheat-based diets in a 4 x 4 Latin square design, with 2 added columns to determine the effect of combining phytase and xylanase on apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of nutrients. The 4 diets were NC (same as that used in Exp. 1) or NC supplemented with phytase at 500 FTU/kg, xylanase at 4,000 XU/kg, or phytase at 500 FTU/kg plus xylanase at 4,000 XU/kg. In Exp. 3, 36 barrows (initial BW = 55.5 kg) were fed 4 diets based on prepelleted (at 80 degrees C) and crumpled wheat for 2 wk to determine the effect of phytase supplementation on ATTD of nutrients. The 4 diets fed were a PC (0.22% available P; 0.54% Ca) and a NC (0.13% available P; 0.43% Ca) alone or with phytase at 500 or 1,000 FTU/kg. All diets in the 3 experiments contained Cr(2)O(3) as an indigestible marker. No synergistic interactions were detected between phytase and xylanase on any of the response criteria measured in Exp. 1 or 2. There were no dietary effects on growth performance in Exp. 1. In Exp. 1, phytase at 250 FTU/kg increased the ATTD of P and Ca by 51 and 11% at 20 kg of BW or by 54 and 10% at 60 kg of BW, respectively, but increasing the level of phytase to 500 FTU/kg only increased (P < 0.05) ATTD of P at 20 kg of BW. In Exp. 2, phytase at 500 FTU/kg increased (P < 0.05) the AID of P and Ca by 21 and 12%, respectively. In Exp. 3, phytase at 500 FTU/kg improved (P < 0.05) ATTD of P by 36%, but had no further effect at 1,000 FTU/kg. Xylanase at 4,000 XU/kg improved (P < 0.05) AID of Lys, Leu, Phe, Thr, Gly, and Ser in Exp. 2. In conclusion, phytase and xylanase improved P and AA digestibilities, respectively, but no interaction between the 2 enzymes was noted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Woyengo
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Sands
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guenter
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Nyachoti
mesh_terms: D010832:6-Phytase / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004063:Digestion; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007082:Ileum / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000378:metabolism*; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D014908:Triticum; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D010758:Phosphorus; D010832:6-Phytase; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases; D002118:Calcium