title: Effects and safety of Pueraria mirifica on lipid profiles and biochemical markers of bone turnover rates in healthy postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of Pueraria mirifica on lipid profiles and biochemical markers of bone turnover rates in healthy postmenopausal women and to evaluate the safety of Pueraria mirifica on endometrium; breast tissue; and hematologic, hepatic, and renal systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in a university hospital of healthy postmenopausal women aged 45 to 60 years old. Women were enrolled voluntarily and randomly received 20, 30, or 50 mg Pueraria mirifica in capsules or identical placebo once daily for 24 weeks. Outcome measures were lipid profiles, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase level, endometrial thickness, endometrial histology, breast ultrasonography, complete blood count, liver function test, and renal function test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 24 weeks of treatment, 71 women were evaluated. Of the 71 women, 51 randomly received varying doses of Pueraria mirifica and 20 received placebo. Pueraria mirifica and placebo significantly increased triglyceride levels by 15% from baseline levels (P<0.05). The Pueraria mirifica group showed a significant decrease in bone-specific alkaline phosphatase levels after 24 weeks of treatment compared with the placebo group; from 0.22+/-0.18 U/L to 0.13+/-0.01 U/L in the Pueraria mirifica group and from 0.20+/-0.10 U/L to 0.20+/-0.14 U/L in the placebo group. Endometrial thickness did not change after treatment in both groups (P>0.05). No endometrial proliferation or hyperplasia was reported after 24 weeks of treatment in both groups. There were no significant differences in adverse effects on breast tissue, complete blood count, and liver and renal function tests between the Pueraria mirifica and placebo groups in this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pueraria mirifica at a dose of 20, 30, and 50 mg/d for a 24-week period demonstrated an estrogen-like effect on bone turnover rate. Pueraria mirifica did not demonstrate an estrogen-like effect on endometrial thickness and endometrial histology. Mild adverse effects occurred after Pueraria mirifica and placebo treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. rajmo@mahidol.ac.th
authors.forename: Jittima
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manonai
authors.forename: Apichart
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chittacharoen
authors.forename: Umaporn
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Udomsubpayakul
authors.forename: Hathai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Theppisai
authors.forename: Urusa
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Theppisai
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000187:drug effects; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004717:Endometrium / Q000187:drug effects; D007887:Fabaceae; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008518:Medicine, East Asian Traditional; D008875:Middle Aged; D048789:Phytoestrogens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018517:Plant Roots; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013785:Thailand; D014280:Triglycerides
chemical_list: D048789:Phytoestrogens; D028321:Plant Preparations; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase