title: Bile duct ligation in the rat causes upregulation of ZO-2 and decreased colocalization of claudins with ZO-1 and occludin.
abstract: As the only barrier between blood and bile compartments hepatocellular tight junctions play a crucial role in cholestasis-induced increase of biliary permeability. The molecular basis of this reversible defect is not known. We, therefore, examined expression, phosphorylation, distribution and colocalization of the junctional proteins occludin, claudin-1-3, ZO-1 and ZO-2 in rats after bile duct ligation and release of ligation. In control rats, claudin-1 and ZO-2 displayed a lobular gradient with highest expression levels in periportal cells, whereas claudin-2 showed a reciprocal distribution. Other proteins were evenly expressed in the liver lobule. Ligation resulted in upregulation of ZO-2 (2.7-fold), ZO-1 (1.4-fold) and occludin (1.2-fold) but not of claudins. Only ZO-2 showed increased phosphorylation. Distribution patterns were unchanged except for a strong accumulation of ZO-2 in perivenous hepatocytes. Colocalization analysis demonstrated that perivenous ZO-2 was the only protein examined revealing strongly increased overlap with occludin and ZO-1, whereas claudins and other proteins displayed a decrease. All changes were partially reversed by release of ligation. We conclude that differential expression of claudin-1-2 and ZO-2 has functional implications for bile formation. The moderately increased ZO-1 and occludin levels account for the known elongation of tight junction strands. The highly increased expression and changed distribution of ZO-2 suggests that ZO-1 is partly substituted by ZO-2, an alteration possibly causing impaired barrier function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, University of Basel, Switzerland. I-P.Maly@unibas.ch
authors.forename: I Piotr
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Maly
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Landmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000601:surgery*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D062445:Claudin-1; D062465:Claudin-3; D057167:Claudins; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D062793:Occludin; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; D062827:Zonula Occludens-2 Protein
chemical_list: D062445:Claudin-1; D062465:Claudin-3; D057167:Claudins; C568114:Cldn1 protein, rat; C491874:Cldn2 protein, rat; C568124:Cldn3 protein, rat; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D062793:Occludin; C568987:Ocln protein, rat; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C569044:Tjp1 protein, rat; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; D062827:Zonula Occludens-2 Protein