title: Factorial validity and internal consistency of the PRAFAB questionnaire in women with stress urinary incontinence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To investigate the factor structure, dimensionality and construct validity of the (5-item) PRAFAB questionnaire score in women with stress urinary incontinence (stress UI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross validation study design was used in a cohort of 279 patients who were randomly divided into Sample A or B. Sample A was used for preliminary exploratory factor analyses with promax rotation. Sample B provided an independent sample for confirming the premeditated and proposed factor structure and item retention. Internal consistency, item-total and subscale correlations were determined to assess the dimensionality. Construct validity was assessed by comparing factor-based scale means by clinical characteristics based on known relationships.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Factor analyses resulted in a two-factor structure or subscales: items related to 'leakage severity' (protection, amount and frequency) and items related to its 'perceived symptom impact' or consequences of stress UI on the patient's life (adjustment and body (or self) image). The patterns of the factor loadings were fairly identical for both study samples. The two constructed subscales demonstrated adequate internal consistency with Cronbach's alphas in a range of 0.78 and 0.84 respectively. Scale scores differed by clinical characteristics according to the expectations and supported the construct validity of the scales.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest a two-factorial structure of the PRAFAB questionnaire. Furthermore the results confirmed the internal consistency and construct validity as demonstrated in our previous study. The best description of the factorial structure of the PRAFAB questionnaire was given by a two-factor solution, measuring the stress UI leakage severity items and the perceived symptom impact items. Future research will be necessary to replicate these findings in different settings, type of UI and non-white women and men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Centre for Evidence Based Physiotherapy & Clinical Guidelines (CEBP), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. erik.hendriks@epid.unimaas.nl
authors.forename: Erik J M
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.forename: Arnold T M
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Bernards
authors.forename: J Bart
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Staal
authors.forename: Henrica C W
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: de Vet
authors.forename: Rob A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: de Bie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000175:diagnosis*