title: Thoracoscopic versus open resection for congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations of the lung.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the potential advantages of thoracoscopy compared to thoracotomy for resection of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations (CCAM).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective chart review of consecutive cases of CCAM resection at University of California San Francisco Children's Hospital from January 1996 to December 2006.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-six cases of postnatal CCAM resections were done over the past 10 years; 12 patients had thoracoscopic resections, whereas 24 patients had open resections. Patients in the thoracoscopic group had significantly longer operative time (mean difference of 61.3 minutes; 95% confidence interval [CI], 30.5-92.1) but shorter postoperative hospital stay (mean difference of 5.7 days; 95% CI, 0.9-10.4) and duration of tube thoracostomy (mean difference of 2.6 days; 95% CI, 0.7-4.5) and lower odds of postoperative complications (odds ratio of 9.0 x 10(-4); 95% CI, 8.0 x 10(-6)-0.1). In the subgroup analysis of only asymptomatic patients, the thoracoscopy group still had a significantly shorter hospital stay (mean difference of 2.8 days; 95% CI, 0.7-4.8). There was also a pattern for reduced complications in the thoracoscopy group (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.02-1.0; P = .05). The average hospital costs were similar in both groups. With a conversion rate of 33% (6/18), patients with a history of preoperative respiratory symptoms had a higher incidence of conversion than those who were asymptomatic (66.7% vs 0%, P = .005). These four patients had a history of pneumonia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minimally invasive resection of CCAM results in longer operative time but shorter hospital stay, potentially reduced complications, and no additional hospital costs. Thoracoscopic lobectomy in patients with a history of pneumonia is challenging and a risk factor for conversion to thoracotomy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94131-0570, USA.
authors.forename: Lan T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Vu
authors.forename: Diana L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Farmer
authors.forename: Kerilyn K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Nobuhara
authors.forename: Doug
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miniati
authors.forename: Hanmin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D015615:Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011336:Probability; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013906:Thoracoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome