title: Clinical and histological findings in re-excision of incompletely excised cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current guidelines mandate treatment of primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) through to completion, including the demonstration of a margin of normal tissue, with surgical excision as the treatment of choice. Histologically incomplete excisions of all cutaneous SCC are preferably treated by surgical re-excision. The yield of performing further resection of scar tissue in patients with incompletely excised SCCs has not been previously evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective audit was conducted of 676 consecutive patients with surgically managed SCCs treated in our unit during 2005-2006.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and nineteen (17.6%) tumours were incompletely excised, of which 84 underwent further excision. Routine histological examination revealed residual SCC in 24 (28.6%) of these specimens. Logistic regression analysis revealed tumour diameter and Breslow thickness to contribute independently to residual SCC (P<0.001). A lengthier delay between initial excision and re-excision predicted less residual tumour (P<0.005). Although the positive re-excision group tended towards a higher mean age (79+/-9 vs 74+/-12), with more head and neck lesions (79 vs 66%), logistic regression revealed no independent influence of age, gender, histological grade or anatomical site of the original lesion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our series, 28.6% of incompletely excised primary cutaneous SCCs showed residual tumour in re-excision specimens. Factors associated with residual tumour were similar to characteristics of high risk SCCs; larger lesions in particular are more likely to result in residual SCC at re-excision and may benefit from greater excision margins at the time of original resection. It is possible that regression of remaining tumour cells may contribute to our time-dependent findings and this warrants further research.
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgery & Burns Unit, Frenchay Hospital, Frenchay, Bristol BS16 1LE, UK. ebovill@doctors.net.uk
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Bovill
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Cullen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Banwell
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors