title: Vesicouterine fistula presenting with urinary incontinence after primary cesarean section: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vesicouterine fistula is a rare complication most commonly associated with cesarean section. Though conservative management has been reported, surgical intervention is usually required to treat the condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 32-year-old woman presented with urinary incontinence following a primary cesarean section; it was initially thought to be a vesicovaginal fistula. Careful evaluation and a high index of suspicion resulted in the correct diagnosis of a vesicouterine fistula. The patient was successfully treated with uterus-sparing surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case illustrates the importance of a comprehensive evaluation of all patients suspected of having a urogenital fistula. A thorough workup led to the correct diagnosis of vesicouterine fistula and allowed the surgeons to plan the appropriate operative strategy in managing the patient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saint Peter's University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA. mmokrzycki@saintpetersuh.com
authors.forename: Mark L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Mokrzycki
authors.forename: Brittany Star
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Hampton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005402:Fistula / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001747:Urinary Bladder Fistula / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery