title: (106)Ruthenium brachytherapy for retinoblastoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of (106)Ru plaque brachytherapy for the treatment of retinoblastoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed a retrospective, noncomparative case series of 39 children with retinoblastoma treated with (106)Ru plaques at the Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital between October 1992 and July 2006, with 12 months of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 63 tumors were treated with (106)Ru brachytherapy in 41 eyes. The median patient age was 27 months. (106)Ru brachytherapy was the first-line treatment for 3 tumors (4.8%), second-line treatment for 13 (20.6%), and salvage treatment for 47 tumors (74.6%) resistant to other treatment modalities. Overall tumor control was achieved in 73% at 1 year. Tumor recurrence at 12 months was observed in 2 (12.5%) of 16 tumors for which (106)Ru brachytherapy was used as the first- or second-line treatment and in 15 (31.9%) of 47 tumors for which (106)Ru brachytherapy was used as salvage treatment. Eye retention was achieved in 76% of cases (31 of 41 eyes). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed no statistically significant risk factors for tumor recurrence. Radiation complications included retinal detachment in 7 (17.1%), proliferative retinopathy in 1 (2.4%), and subcapsular cataract in 4 (9.7%) of 41 eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (106)Ru brachytherapy is an effective treatment for retinoblastoma, with few secondary complications. Local vitreous seeding can be successfully treated with (106)Ru brachytherapy.
authors.affiliation: Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, University of Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abouzeid
authors.forename: Raphaël
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moeckli
authors.forename: Marie-Claire
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gaillard
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beck-Popovic
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pica
authors.forename: Leonidas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zografos
authors.forename: Aubin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balmer
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pampallona
authors.forename: Francis L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Munier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012429:Ruthenium Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D012429:Ruthenium Radioisotopes