Intrathecal levels of IL-6, IL-11 and LIF in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-11 and leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) were evaluated in 43 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 24 patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) as compared with 30 agematched controls (CON), and correlated with clinical and demographic data and with CSF biomarkers amyloid beta (A beta)42, total tau and tau phosphorylated at position 181 (P-tau). CSF IL-11 mean levels were significantly increased in AD and FTLD as compared with CON (6.5 +/- 4.6 and 6.6 +/- 5.1 versus 3.1 +/- 3.3 pg/ml, P = 0.009). IL-6 mean levels did not differ between patients and CON (P > 0.05),whereas LIF levels were not detectable in patients or in CON. In AD patients, a significantly positive correlation between MMSE scores and IL-11 CSF concentration was observed (r = 0.344, P = 0.028). No correlations with CSF A beta 42, total tau and P-tau were found. IL-11, but not IL-6 levels are increased in AD and FTLD, and the highest peaks were observed in patients with a less severe degree of cognitive deterioration, therefore suggesting a role of this cytokine in early phases of neurodegeneration.
Galimberti
Daniela
D
Dept. of Neurological Sciences, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy. daniela.galimberti@unimi.it
Venturelli
Eliana
E
Fenoglio
Chiara
C
Guidi
Ilaria
I
Villa
Chiara
C
Bergamaschini
Luigi
L
Cortini
Francesca
F
Scalabrini
Diego
D
Baron
Pierluigi
P
Vergani
Carlo
C
Bresolin
Nereo
N
Scarpini
Elio
E
D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D003704:Dementia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017370:Interleukin-11 / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D015415:Biomarkers; D017370:Interleukin-11; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007378:Interleukins; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); D016875:tau Proteins