title: High incidence of GalNAc disialosyl lactotetraosylceramide in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In renal cell carcinoma (RCC), glycosphingolipids monosialosyl globopentaosylceramide (MSGb5) and GalNAc disialosyl lactotetraosylceramide (GaINAcDSLc4) were shown to be predictors of metastasis. Here we extended the research using a larger cohort of patients with a longer follow-up period, and reevaluate their relationship to malignant potential, metastasis and prognosis in patients with RCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  MSGb5 and GalNAcDSLc4 were examined in 114 primary RCCs by immunohistochemical method on cryostat sections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GalNAcDSLc4 was detected in 13.2% of RCCs and was associated with a significantly higher incidence of metastasis at the time of primary visit (60.0% vs. 31.3%, p=0.0419) as well as de novo metastasis during followup (33.3% vs. 14.7%), and a shorter survival (p=0.0399). MSGb5 was detected in 51.8% of tumors and was not related to clinocopathological characteristics or survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RCC patients with tumors positive for GalNAcDSLc4 are at higher risk of metastasis at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Signal Transduction Research, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bilim
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoi
authors.forename: Kazutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamana
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006028:Glycosphingolipids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015994:Incidence; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006028:Glycosphingolipids; C458510:lactotetraosylceramide