From survival to socialization: a longitudinal study of body image in survivors of severe burn injury.
OBJECTIVE
Little is known about the course of body image dissatisfaction following disfiguring injury or illness. The objective of this study was to test a proposed framework for understanding the trajectory of body image dissatisfaction among burn survivors and to longitudinally investigate the role of body image in overall psychosocial functioning.


METHODS
A sample of 79 survivors of severe burn injuries completed the Satisfaction with Appearance Scale (SWAP), the Importance of Appearance subscale of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire, and the SF-36 in the hospital and at 6 and 12 months postdischarge (SWAP and SF-36). A repeated-measures analysis of covariance model was used to assess the course of body image dissatisfaction over time, and a path analysis model tested the role of body image dissatisfaction in mediating the relationship between preburn and postburn psychosocial functioning.


RESULTS
Female sex (P<.05), total body surface area burned (P<.01), and importance of appearance (P<.01) predicted body image dissatisfaction. From hospitalization to 12 months postdischarge, body image dissatisfaction increased for women (P<.01) and individuals with larger burns (P<.01) compared, respectively, to men and individuals with smaller burns. In the path analysis, body image dissatisfaction was the most salient predictor of psychosocial function at 12 months (beta=.53, P<.01) and mediated the relationship between preburn and 12-month psychosocial function.


CONCLUSIONS
Findings from this study suggest the importance of routine psychological screening for body image distress during hospitalization and after discharge.
Thombs
Brett D
BD
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. brett.thombs@mcgill.ca
Notes
Lisa D
LD
Lawrence
John W
JW
Magyar-Russell
Gina
G
Bresnick
Melissa G
MG
Fauerbach
James A
JA
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001828:Body Image; D002056:Burns / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012944:Social Support; D012951:Socialization; D013534:Survival