title: Quality assurance for interventional pain management procedures in private practice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A recent study has indicated that quality assurance for interventional pain management procedures (IPMPs) can be achieved in university pain clinics. However, the issue of quality assurance for IPMPs in private practice has not yet been addressed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to monitor the quality of IPMPs in a private pain practice in north Florida.
  
  
  METHODS
  From November 2005 to July 2006, we monitored the quality of IPMPs in a private pain practice in north Florida. Questionnaires regarding degree of pain relief, patient satisfaction, and complications were handed to patients immediately after the completion of each IPMP. Follow-up phone calls were also made to patients 1 day after the IPMPs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 771 (male: 249, female: 522) patients with a mean age of 58.1 years participated in the study. Office-based IPMPs included lumbar and cervical epidural steroid injections, lumbar and cervical facet joint blocks, selective nerve root blocks, lumbar and cervical sympathetic nerve blocks, sacroiliac joint injection, and large joint injections. Seven-hundred patients (90.8%) reported various degrees of pain relief immediately following IPMPs. Average pain score decreased by 4.3 on a 0 to 10 scale (p=<0.001). Number needed to be treated (NNT) to reach 50% or more pain relief immediately after IPMPs was 1.4. Six-hundred ninety-two (89.7%) patients were satisfied or very satisfied with the results of IPMPs. Sixty-two patients (8%) developed headaches after IPMPs, which lasted from 30 minutes to 4 days. None of these patients required a blood patch. Five patients developed moderate vasovagal responses during IPMPs, in which their heart rates decreased to <45/min, BP <90/60mmHg. The IPMPs were aborted immediately. All of these patients recovered uneventfully within a few minutes. No other serious adverse events were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the current study suggest that high quality private interventional pain programs with high efficacy, high patient satisfaction, and low complication rates can be achieved through appropriate staff training, proper monitoring of patients during IPMPs, and adequate handling of patients after the IPMPs.
authors.affiliation: Comprehensive Pain Management of North Florida, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA. yilizhoumd@yahoo.com
authors.forename: YiLi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology; D018710:Pain Clinics; D059408:Pain Management; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011331:Private Practice / Q000592:standards*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics