title: Evaluation of ischemia-modified albumin in anemia associated to chronic kidney disease.
abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is highly prevalent, with increasing numbers of patients affected by the disease world-wide, and anemia is a common finding in patients with CKD. Anemia impacts negatively on cardiovascular disease, exercise capacity, and quality of life, resulting in significant mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of ischemia-modified albumin and lactate in patients with established anemia associated with CKD and its correlations with hemoglobin levels. Hematocrit, hemoglobin, iron, ferritin, albumin, creatinine, lactate, and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) were measured in 17 patients with established anemia associated to CKD and 19 controls by standard methods. The results of hematocrit, hemoglobin, iron, and albumin were lower in the anemia group than in the control group. Ferritin, creatinine, and lactate levels were higher in anemia of the CKD group than the control group. IMA increase in the anemia group (0.8115+/-0.1304 absorbance units [ABSU]) compared to control (0.4951+/-0.0393 ABSU). Significant correlations between IMA and lactate, IMA and hemoglobin, IMA and creatinine, and hemoglobin and lactate were observed. IMA and lactate increase during anemia and this elevation could be associated to hypoxia due to low hemoglobin levels. However, our data suggest that lactate is more sensitive to anemia compared to IMA.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Carlos
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Cichota
authors.forename: Rafael Noal
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Moresco
authors.forename: Marta Maria Medeiros Frescura
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: José Edson Paz
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: da Silva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D019344:Lactic Acid; D003404:Creatinine