title: Burden of premenstrual dysphoric disorder on health-related quality of life.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to document the burden of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in comparison to the U.S. general population and specific chronic health conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The disease burden that PMDD placed on HRQoL was estimated by comparing SF-12v2 scores between women who were identified as being at risk for PMDD with those observed in the general U.S. female population. Additional comparisons were made to several chronic health conditions. Regression methods were used to estimate SF-12v2 normative values from the general population sample and statistically adjust them to match age and the presence of disease comorbidity of the PMDD patient group. Significance tests were used to compare the means across samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for multiple comparisons, six SF-12v2 scales and two summary measures of PMDD were significantly below the adjusted U.S. general population norms. Both summary measures of PMDD had mean differences greater than 3 points below the norm (threshold for clinical meaningful difference). The burden of PMDD was greater on mental/emotional HRQoL domains than on physical HRQoL. The HRQoL burden of PMDD was (1) greater than that of chronic back pain in bodily pain and mental health (MH) scales and greater than type 2 diabetes and hypertension in bodily pain scale while comparable in all other scales of the three conditions, (2) comparable to osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in all scales, and (3) less burden than depression in vitality and MH scales and mental component summary measure while comparable in other scales.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PMDD is associated with substantial burden on both physical and mental aspects of HRQoL.
authors.affiliation: QualityMetric Inc., Lincoln, Rhode Island 02865, USA. myang@QualityMetric.com
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Gene
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wallenstein
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hagan
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kornstein
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011293:Premenstrual Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D016387:Women's Health