title: The use of data set of the Hungarian case-control surveillance of congenital abnormalities for evaluation of birth outcomes beyond birth defects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To use the data set of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities (HCCSCA) for the evaluation of birth outcomes beyond congenital abnormalities and to show as example the study of 49 antimicrobial drugs used in Hungary for the reduction of preterm births.
  
  
  METHODS
  The population-based data set of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities, 1980-1996, included 38,151 newborn infants without birth defects and this sample represented 1.8% of Hungarian births. Medically recorded gestational age at delivery and birthweight, in addition the rate of preterm births and low birthweight newborns born to mothers with or without different antimicrobial drugs used at least by ten pregnant women were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 49 antimicrobial drugs, two: ampicillin (adjusted POR with 95% CI: 0.8, 0.7-0.9) and clotrimazole (0.8, 0.7-0.9) showed a preterm birth preventive effect. This preterm preventive effect was found mainly after the use of ampicillin and clotrimazole during the first trimester of pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ampicillin and clotrimazole may be effective for the reduction of preterm births due to infectious diseases of pregnant women in general but particularly caused by genital infections. However, the limitation of the data set did not allow the appropriate evaluation of some antimicrobial drugs (e.g. clindamycin).
authors.affiliation: Foundation for the Community Control of Hereditary Diseases, Budapest, Hungary. czeizel@interware.hu
authors.forename: Andrew E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Czeizel
authors.forename: Erzsébet H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Puhó
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kazy
mesh_terms: D000667:Ampicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003022:Clotrimazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy*; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011295:Prenatal Care; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance; D016585:Vaginosis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000667:Ampicillin; D003022:Clotrimazole