title: Effectiveness of an essential oil mouthrinse in improving oral health in orthodontic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the null hypothesis that adding Listerine mouthrinse to the standard oral hygiene regimen has no added benefit for orthodontic patients in maintaining proper oral health.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients within their first 6 months of orthodontic treatment were assigned either to the brushing + flossing (N = 25) or brushing + flossing + Listerine (N = 25) group. Initially, all of the participants received a prophylaxis and instructions on how to brush and floss. Measurements were recorded for the bleeding, gingival, and plaque indices (BI, MGI, and PI, respectively) that provided baseline values (T1). Subsequent measurements were taken at 3 months (T2) and 6 months (T3). Mean BI, MGI, and PI at T1, T2, and T3 were compared statistically between the groups using repeated measures analysis of variance. The significance level was set at P < or = .05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response profiles for the BI, MGI, and PI over time were significantly different between the two groups. Patients who had Listerine in their daily oral hygiene regimen exhibited significantly lower scores for all three indices at T2 and T3 than the patients who only brushed and flossed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hypothesis is rejected. This study shows that use of Listerine mouthrinse can reduce the amount of plaque and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Adding Listerine to the standard oral hygiene regimen may be beneficial for orthodontic patients in maintaining proper oral health, thus reducing the likelihood that white spot lesions and gingivitis will develop.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0566, USA. etufekci@vcu.edu
authors.forename: Eser
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tufekci
authors.forename: Zachary A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Casagrande
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lindauer
authors.forename: Chad E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: Kelly T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D003742:Dental Devices, Home Care; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances / Q000009:adverse effects; D010512:Periodontal Index; D012459:Salicylates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013729:Terpenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014099:Toothbrushing
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D009067:Mouthwashes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D012459:Salicylates; D013729:Terpenes; C057473:Listerine