title: The impact of race as a risk factor for symptom severity and age at diagnosis of uterine leiomyomata among affected sisters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to identify risk factors for uterine leiomyomata (UL) in a racially diverse population of women with a family history of UL, and to evaluate their contribution to disease severity and age at diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected and analyzed epidemiologic data from 285 sister pairs diagnosed with UL. Risk factors for UL-related outcomes were compared among black (n = 73) and white (n = 212) sister pairs using univariate and multivariate regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Black women reported an average age at diagnosis of 5.3 years younger (SE, 1.1; P < .001) and were more likely to report severe disease (odds ratio, 5.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.99-13.7, P < .001) than white women of similar socioeconomic status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Self-reported race is a significant factor in the severity of UL among women with a family history of UL. Differences in disease presentation between races likely reflect underlying genetic heterogeneity. The affected sister-pair study design can address both epidemiological and genetic hypotheses about UL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA.
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Huyck
authors.forename: Carolien I M
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Panhuysen
authors.forename: Karen T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Cuenco
authors.forename: Jingmei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hilary
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goldhammer
authors.forename: Emlyn S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Somasundaram
authors.forename: Allison M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Bernard L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Harlow
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Cynthia C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Morton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D035781:Siblings; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics