title: P21/ WAF1 and cyclin D1 variants and oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genetic factors are known to be involved in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) development.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated a possible association between CCND1 A870G and P21/WAF1 C98A polymorphisms and OSCC, as well as the impact of the genotypes on protein immunoexpression. The study group consisted of 80 individuals with histopathological diagnosis of OSCC and the control group consisted of 80 healthy individuals without oral lesions and matched by age, sex and tobacco usage. The genotypes were studied by the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphic analysis. Paraffin-embedded sections were used for immunohistochemical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistical association between CCND1 and/or P21/WAF1 genotypes and OSCC was demonstrated, although we found that people harbouring the combined presence of at least one variant allele of both genes showed a 1.8 times more chance of developing OSCC compared to the referent genotype. OSCC tumours from individuals with P21 heterozygous genotype showed a significantly higher immunopositivity than tumours from wild-type individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study did not demonstrate a significant association between CCND1 and / or P21 / WAF1 genotypes and OSCC. However, P21 protein expression in OSCC tumours is affected by P21 / WAF1 genotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolina C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: Sergio N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Drummond
authors.forename: André L S
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.forename: Carlos I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Ricardo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mesquita
authors.forename: Ricardo S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Gomez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics*; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D019938:Cyclin D1