title: Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and renal cancer risk in Central and Eastern Europe.
abstract: Previous studies investigated the role of vitamin D intake and cancer risk. The kidney is a major organ for vitamin D metabolism, activity, and calcium homeostasis; therefore, it was hypothesized that dietary vitamin D intake and polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene may modify renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk. Three common VDR gene polymorphisms (BsmI, FokI, TaqI) were evaluated among 925 RCC cases and 1192 controls enrolled in a hospital-based case-control study conducted in Central and Eastern Europe. Overall associations with RCC risk were not observed; however, subgroup analyses revealed associations after stratification by median age of diagnosis and family history of cancer. Among subjects over 60 yr, reduced risks were observed among carriers of the f alleles in the FokI single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (odds ratio [OR] = 0.61 for Ff and OR = 0.74 for ff genotypes) compared to subjects with the FF genotype (P trend = 0.04; P interaction = 0.004). Subjects with the BB BsmI genotype and a positive family history of cancer had lower risk compared to subjects with the bb allele (OR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.33-1.1; P trend = 0.05). Genotype associations with these subgroups were not modified when dietary sources of vitamin D or calcium were considered. Additional studies of genetic variation in the VDR gene are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. karamis@ mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karami
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boffetta
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Toro
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zaridze
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navratilova
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mates
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Janout
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kollarova
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bencko
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Szeszenia-Dabrowska
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Holcatova
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moukeria
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chanock
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.forename: W-H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol