Cholesterol in islet dysfunction and type 2 diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) frequently occurs in the context of abnormalities of plasma lipoproteins. However, a role for elevated levels of plasma cholesterol in the pathogenesis of this disease is not well established. Recent evidence suggests that alterations of plasma and islet cholesterol levels may contribute to islet dysfunction and loss of insulin secretion. A number of genes involved in lipid metabolism have been implicated in T2D. Recently an important role for ABCA1, a cellular cholesterol transporter, has emerged in regulating cholesterol homeostasis and insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. Here we review the impact of cholesterol metabolism on islet function and its potential relationship to T2D.
Brunham
Liam R
LR
Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Kruit
Janine K
JK
Verchere
C Bruce
CB
Hayden
Michael R
MR
D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice
C577836:ABCA1 protein, human; D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D002784:Cholesterol; D005947:Glucose