Baseline in vitro efficacy of ACT component drugs on Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates from Mali.
In vitro susceptibility to antimalarial drugs of Malian Plasmodium falciparum isolates collected between 2004 and 2006 was studied. Susceptibility to chloroquine and to three artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) component drugs was assessed as a first, to our knowledge, in vitro susceptibility study in Mali. Overall 96 Malian isolates (51 from around Bamako and 45 collected from French travellers returning from Mali) were cultivated in a CO(2) incubator. Fifty percent inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) were measured by either hypoxanthine incorporation or Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) ELISA. Although the two sets of data were generated with different methods, the global IC(50) distributions showed parallel trends. A good concordance of resistance phenotype with pfcrt 76T mutant genotype was found within the sets of clinical isolates tested. We confirm a high prevalence of P. falciparum in vitro resistance to chloroquine in Mali (60-69%). While some isolates showed IC(50)s close to the cut-off for resistance to monodesethylamodiaquine, no decreased susceptibility to dihydroartemisinin or lumefantrine was detected. This study provides baseline data for P. falciparum in vitro susceptibility to ACT component drugs in Mali.
Kaddouri
Halima
H
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris & Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, 46 Rue Henri Huchard, Paris Cedex 18, France.
Djimdé
Abdoulaye
A
Dama
Souleymane
S
Kodio
Aly
A
Tekete
Mamadou
M
Hubert
Véronique
V
Koné
Aminatou
A
Maiga
Hamma
H
Yattara
Oumar
O
Fofana
Bakary
B
Sidibe
Bakary
B
Sangaré
Cheick P O
CP
Doumbo
Ogobara
O
Le Bras
Jacques
J
D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005819:Genetic Markers; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy; D008302:Mali; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; D005819:Genetic Markers; D002738:Chloroquine; C031327:artemisinin