title: Plasma apolipoprotein CI correlates with increased survival in patients with severe sepsis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We recently reported that apolipoprotein CI (apoCI) protects against the development of murine bacterial sepsis. We now examined the time course of plasma apoCI levels in survivors and non-survivors of severe sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study in patients meeting predefined criteria for severe sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital intensive care unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients with severe sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In each patient, serial blood samples for determination of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, apoCI, apoAI, apoB, and apoCIII protein as well as clinical outcome data were collected over 30 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Upon hospitalization, apoCI levels were approximately 5 times lower than normal values in septic patients, i.e. median 1.34 [interquartile range (IQR) 0.82-2.16] mg/dl. ApoCI gradually increased to median values of 5.51 (IQR 3.64-6.97) mg/dl on day 28. At day 0, apoCI levels tended to be lower in non-survivors than in survivors. Remarkably, apoCI levels remained low in non-survivors, whereas apoCI levels gradually increased to normal levels in survivors. This difference was significant and remained so after adjustment for lipoprotein core lipids. No such effect between survivors and non-survivors could be detected for lipoprotein lipids or for apoAI, apoB, and apoCIII after lipid adjustment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma apoCI levels are markedly decreased in patients with severe sepsis. ApoCI levels were higher in survivors, even after adjustment for lipid levels, and recovered progressively to normal levels. In contrast, apoCI levels remained low in non-survivors. Therefore, a high plasma apoCI level predicts survival in patients with severe sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, C4-R, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands. J.F.P.Berbee@lumc.nl
authors.forename: Jimmy F P
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Berbée
authors.forename: Caroline C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: van der Hoogt
authors.forename: Carla J C
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: de Haas
authors.forename: Kok P M
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: van Kessel
authors.forename: Geesje M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Dallinga-Thie
authors.forename: Johannes A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Romijn
authors.forename: Louis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Havekes
authors.forename: Henk J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
authors.forename: Patrick C N
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Rensen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D053302:Apolipoprotein C-I / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D053302:Apolipoprotein C-I; D015415:Biomarkers