title: Tuberculosis in illegal foreign fishermen: whose public health are we protecting?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To document demographic details, prevalence of tuberculosis (TB), and completion of TB treatment in illegal foreign fishermen detained in Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical audit of 1471 illegal foreign fishermen who underwent health assessments in Darwin between 28 September 2005 and 31 December 2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic details, diagnoses of smear-positive and culture-positive TB, drug sensitivity results and treatment completion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1471 illegal fishermen underwent health assessments, including chest x-ray screening. All were male and 93.8% were from Indonesia. Of the 31 fishermen (2.1%) admitted to hospital with chest x-rays suggestive of TB, 20 were diagnosed with TB (15 culture-proven; 5 according to clinical and radiological criteria) and 18 commenced treatment. There were 8 smear-positive cases and one multidrug-resistant TB case. The prevalence of culture-positive TB was very high at 1020 per 100 000 patients. All fishermen were deported before treatment completion, and all were lost to follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The health assessment process successfully detected cases of TB in illegal foreign fishermen, enabling treatment to commence and the local public's health to be protected. Treatment completion in illegal foreign fishermen may be as low as zero; deporting fishermen before curative treatment is completed undermines TB control efforts and may lead to an emergence of drug resistance and an increased burden of active TB disease in our region.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Disease Control, Darwin, NT, Australia. natalie.gray@nt.gov.au
authors.forename: Natalie J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Meredith
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hansen-Knarhoi
authors.forename: Vicki L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Krause
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015995:Prevalence; D011634:Public Health; D011859:Radiography; D014171:Transients and Migrants; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents