title: Adenosine and dopamine receptor interactions in striatum and caffeine-induced behavioral activation.
abstract: This review will examine how dopamine, a monoamine neurotransmitter, and adenosine, a neuromodulator, regulate behavioral activation, primarily as reflected by locomotor activity, in rodents. Complex interactions among 2 major types of adenosine receptors (A1AR and A2AAR) and 2 dopamine receptors (D1R and D2R) occur due to physical interactions that alter their ligand-binding properties and subsequent effects on common postreceptor signaling molecules. The output from these interactions in striatum modulates neurotransmission and subsequently influences spontaneous locomotor activity. Caffeine is a nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist that blocks 2 major types of adenosine receptors, A1AR and A2AAR, in the brain. Pharmacologic manipulation of these receptors with drugs such as caffeine offers potential therapeutic benefit for treatment of Parkinson disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaobin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Vickram
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ramkumar
authors.forename: Linda A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Toth
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000502:physiology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000502:physiology*; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1 / Q000502:physiology*; D012377:Rodentia; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1; D002110:Caffeine; D000241:Adenosine; D004298:Dopamine