title: Peptic ulcerations are related to systemic rather than local effects of low-dose aspirin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Effervescent calcium carbasalate is a calcium-salt of acetylsalicylic acid causing less local gastric damage than acetylsalicylic acid at high doses in healthy controls. The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of peptic ulcers in a population-based cohort using bioequivalent low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (80 mg) or effervescent calcium carbasalate (100 mg).
  
  
  METHODS
  Incident acetylsalicylic acid or effervescent calcium carbasalate users were identified from the Integrated Primary Care Information database. The study cohort comprised 19,819 subjects: 11,891 on acetylsalicylic acid and 7928 on effervescent calcium carbasalate. Incidence rates for documented peptic ulcer disease confirmed by endoscopy were calculated and time-dependent adjusted Cox regression analysis was used to compare the risk of peptic ulcers for patients using acetylsalicylic acid or effervescent calcium carbasalate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During an average 1.85 years of follow-up evaluation, 115 ulcers were found. The risk for developing a peptic ulcer during drug use was: 3.07 per 1000 person-years for acetylsalicylic acid and 4.31 for effervescent calcium carbasalate. The risk of peptic ulcers was not statistically significantly higher in patients using effervescent calcium carbasalate than in acetylsalicylic acid users (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.92-2.12).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence rate of peptic ulcer disease is similar in patients using low-dose effervescent calcium carbasalate compared with regular low-dose acetylsalicylic acid. This implicates that peptic ulcers seem to be related to systemic rather than to local effects of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. M.vanOijen@MDL.umcn.nl
authors.forename: Martijn G H
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: van Oijen
authors.forename: Jeanne P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dieleman
authors.forename: Robert J F
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Laheij
authors.forename: Miriam C J M
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Sturkenboom
authors.forename: Jan B M J
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: Freek W A
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Verheugt
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014508:Urea / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D014508:Urea; C002942:carbaspirin calcium; D001241:Aspirin