title: Swarming of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 without differentiation into elongated hyperflagellates on hard agar minimal medium.
abstract: Polar flagellated Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 demonstrated extensive spreading growth in 2 days on 1.5% agar medium. Such spreading growth of P. aeruginosa PAO1 strains was absent on Luria-Bertani 1.5% agar medium, but remarkable on Davis minimal synthetic agar medium (especially that containing 0.8% sodium citrate and 1.5% Eiken agar) under aerobic 37 degrees C conditions. Analyses using isogenic mutants and complementation transformants showed that bacterial flagella and rhamnolipid contributed to the surface-spreading behavior. On the other hand, a type IV pilus-deficient pilA mutant did not lose the spreading growth activity. Flagella staining of PAO1 T cells from the frontal edge of a spreading colony showed unipolar and normal-sized rods with one or two flagella. Thus, the polar flagellate P. aeruginosa PAO1 T appears to swarm on high-agar medium by producing biosurfactant rhamnolipid and without differentiation into an elongated peritrichous hyperflagellate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Chihiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nozawa
authors.forename: Taichiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanikawa
authors.forename: Yoji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wakita
authors.forename: Mitsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: Tohey
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuyama
mesh_terms: D000362:Agar / Q000737:chemistry; D003470:Culture Media; D010861:Fimbriae, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005407:Flagella / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D000362:Agar