Maternal footprints of Southeast Asians in North India.
We have analyzed 7,137 samples from 125 different caste, tribal and religious groups of India and 99 samples from three populations of Nepal for the length variation in the COII/tRNA(Lys) region of mtDNA. Samples showing length variation were subjected to detailed phylogenetic analysis based on HVS-I and informative coding region sequence variation. The overall frequencies of the 9-bp deletion and insertion variants in South Asia were 1.9 and 0.6%, respectively. We have also defined a novel deep-rooting haplogroup M43 and identified the rare haplogroup H14 in Indian populations carrying the 9-bp deletion by complete mtDNA sequencing. Moreover, we redefined haplogroup M6 and dissected it into two well-defined subclades. The presence of haplogroups F1 and B5a in Uttar Pradesh suggests minor maternal contribution from Southeast Asia to Northern India. The occurrence of haplogroup F1 in the Nepalese sample implies that Nepal might have served as a bridge for the flow of eastern lineages to India. The presence of R6 in the Nepalese, on the other hand, suggests that the gene flow between India and Nepal has been reciprocal.
Thangaraj
Kumarasamy
K
Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.
Chaubey
Gyaneshwer
G
Kivisild
Toomas
T
Selvi Rani
Deepa
D
Singh
Vijay Kumar
VK
Ismail
Thanseem
T
Carvalho-Silva
Denise
D
Metspalu
Mait
M
Bhaskar
L V K S
LV
Reddy
Alla G
AG
Chandra
Sarat
S
Pande
Veena
V
Prathap Naidu
B
B
Adarsh
Niharika
N
Verma
Abhilasha
A
Jyothi
Inaganti Amara
IA
Mallick
Chandana Basu
CB
Shrivastava
Nidhi
N
Devasena
Ragala
R
Kumari
Babita
B
Singh
Amit Kumar
AK
Dwivedi
Shailendra Kumar Dhar
SK
Singh
Shefali
S
Rao
Geeta
G
Gupta
Pranav
P
Sonvane
Vartika
V
Kumari
Kavita
K
Basha
Afsar
A
Bhargavi
K R
KR
Lalremruata
Albert
A
Gupta
Arvind Kumar
AK
Kaur
Gurukamal
G
Reddy
K K
KK
Rao
A Papa
AP
Villems
Richard
R
Tyler-Smith
Chris
C
Singh
Lalji
L
D001210:Asia, Southeastern / Q000208:ethnology; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D051456:Gene Flow; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006239:Haplotypes; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D054643:INDEL Mutation; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers; D009390:Nepal; D010802:Phylogeny; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012357:RNA, Transfer, Lys / Q000235:genetics; D017384:Sequence Deletion
D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D012357:RNA, Transfer, Lys