Eicosanoids and renal damage in cardiometabolic syndrome.
BACKGROUND
Obesity, hypertension and Type 2 diabetes are major contributing factors to the increase in the number of patients that have chronic kidney disease. The clustering of visceral obesity and cardiovascular risk factors has been designated metabolic syndrome or cardiometabolic syndrome. Cardiometabolic syndrome is associated with a complex systemic inflammatory state that has been implicated in medically important complications, including endothelial dysfunction. Inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance are interrelated and have reciprocal relationships that link cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Ultimately, cardiometabolic syndrome increases the risk for cardiovascular events and end-organ damage. Although the number of patients with cardiometabolic syndrome is escalating, therapeutic approaches have not been developed that provide protection to the kidney.


OBJECTIVE
The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the contribution of eicosanoids to renal damage in cardiometabolic syndrome.


CONCLUSIONS
Eicosanoids are altered in cardiometabolic syndrome and contribute to the progression of renal injury. The antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory actions of epoxides and soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors make these attractive eicosanoid therapeutic targets for chronic kidney disease in patients with cardiometabolic syndrome.
Imig
John D
JD
Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. jdimig@mcg.edu
D000818:Animals; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000209:etiology*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*
D015777:Eicosanoids; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases