Validity and reliability of the Structured Clinical Interview for the Trauma and Loss Spectrum (SCI-TALS).
BACKGROUND
DSM-IV identifies three stress response disorders (acute stress (ASD), post-traumatic stress (PTSD) and adjustment disorders (AD)) that derive from specific life events. An additional condition of complicated grief (CG), well described in the literature, is triggered by bereavement.


METHODS
This paper reports on the reliability and validity of the Structured Clinical Interview for Trauma and Loss Spectrum (SCI-TALS) developed to assess the spectrum of stress response. The instrument is based on a spectrum model that emphasizes soft signs, low-grade symptoms, subthreshold syndromes, as well as temperamental and personality traits comprising clinical and subsyndromal manifestations. Study participants, enrolled at 6 Italian Departments of Psychiatry, included consecutive patients with PTSD (N = 48), CG (N = 44), and controls (N = 48).


RESULTS
We showed good reliability and validity of the SCI-TALS. Domain scores were significantly higher in participants with PTSD or CG compared to controls. There were high correlations between specific SCI-TALS domains and corresponding scores on established measures of similar constructs. Participants endorsing grief and loss events reported similar scores on all instruments, except those with CG who scored significantly higher on the domain of grief reactions.


CONCLUSIONS
These results support the existence of a specific grief-related condition and the proposal that different forms of stress response have similar manifestations.
Dell'osso
Liliana
L
Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Biotechnologies, University of Pisa, Italy. ccarmassi@gmail.com.
Shear
M Katherine
MK
Carmassi
Claudia
C
Rucci
Paola
P
Maser
Jack D
JD
Frank
Ellen
E
Endicott
Jean
J
Lorettu
Liliana
L
Altamura
Carlo A
CA
Carpiniello
Bernardo
B
Perris
Francesco
F
Conversano
Ciro
C
Ciapparelli
Antonio
A
Carlini
Marina
M
Sarno
Nannina
N
Cassano
Giovanni B
GB