title: Devices for home evaluation of women's health concerns.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Devices used for home evaluation of fertility, pregnancy, menopause, colon cancer, breast cancer, and urinary-tract and vaginal yeast infections are discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ovulation-prediction devices monitor natural changes in a woman's body during the menstrual cycle, including changes in basal body temperature, urinary luteinizing hormone, and urinary estrone-3-glucuronide concentrations. Also available are devices that identify changes in the content of sodium chloride and other electrolytes in saliva and cervical-vaginal mucus. Home pregnancy tests are designed to detect human chorionic gonadotropin in the urine. Both urine and saliva tests are available for home evaluation of menopause; the most common devices use urine to measure follicle-stimulating hormone. The saliva tests measure estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone. Devices for home screening for colon cancer use either the guaiac test or the fecal immunochemical test. For aid in breast self-examination, patients may use a simulated-breast product designed to train them to detect lumps or a thin, silicone-containing pad intended to increase the sensitivity of the fingers to abnormalities. Urine-dipstick tests can be used to screen for urinary-tract infection, and a swab or panty liner can be used to detect vaginal pH changes indicative of vaginal yeast infection. Home-based tests may be convenient and economical but also have limitations; pharmacists can help educate patients and clinicians.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many devices are available to help evaluate women's health concerns at home.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Seminole, FL, USA. kl.scolaro@gmail.com
authors.forename: Kelly L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Scolaro
authors.forename: Kimberly Braxton
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.forename: Kristen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Helms
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D016504:Breast Self-Examination / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D002582:Cervix Mucus / Q000737:chemistry; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause; D010061:Ovulation Detection / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011258:Pregnancy Tests / Q000379:methods; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D012648:Self Care; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D014627:Vaginitis / Q000175:diagnosis; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic