title: Fetal and neonatal responses following maternal exposure to mobile phones.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study fetal and neonatal heart rate (HR) and cardiac output (COP), following acute maternal exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) emitted by mobile phones.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study was carried out at Benha University Hospital and El-Shorouq Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, from October 2003 to March 2004. Ninety women with uncomplicated pregnancies aged 18-33 years, and 30 full term healthy newborn infants were included. The pregnant mothers were exposed to EMF emitted by mobile telephones while on telephone-dialing mode for 10 minutes during pregnancy and after birth. The main outcome were measurements of fetal and neonatal HR and COP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistical significant increase in fetal and neonatal HR, and statistical significant decrease in stroke volume and COP before and after use of mobile phone were noted. All these changes are attenuated with increase in gestational age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exposure of pregnant women to mobile phone significantly increase fetal and neonatal HR, and significantly decreased the COP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Benha Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Rezk
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abdulqawi
authors.forename: Randa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mustafa
authors.forename: Tark M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Abo El-Azm
authors.forename: Hesham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Al-Inany
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D040421:Cell Phone; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004534:Egypt; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn / Q000502:physiology*; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D013318:Stroke Volume