title: The nutritional flavanone naringenin triggers antiestrogenic effects by regulating estrogen receptor alpha-palmitoylation.
abstract: Naringenin (Nar) is a component of fruits and vegetables associated with healthful benefits, such as in osteoporosis, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. These protective effects have been linked with Nar antiestrogenic as well as estrogenic activities. Previous studies indicate that Nar impaired estrogen receptor (ER) alpha signaling by interfering with ERalpha-mediated activation of ERK and phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling pathways in the absence of effects at the transcriptional level. The present studies evaluated the hypothesis that these Nar antagonistic effects occur at the level of the plasma membrane. Our results indicate that Nar induces ERalpha depalmitoylation faster than 17beta-estradiol, which results in receptor rapid dissociation from caveolin-1. Furthermore, Nar impedes ERalpha to bind adaptor (modulator of nongenomic actions of the ER) and signaling (c-Src) proteins involved in the activation of the mitogenic signaling cascades (i.e. ERK and phosphoinositide 3-kinase). On the other hand, Nar induces the ER-dependent, but palmitoylation-independent, activation of p38 kinase, which in turn is responsible for Nar-mediated antiproliferative effects in cancer cells. Altogether, these data highlight new ER-dependent mechanisms on the root of antiproliferative and antiestrogenic effects of Nar. Moreover, the different modulation of ERalpha palmitoylation exerted by different ligands represents a pivotal mechanism that drives cancer cell to proliferation or apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi, 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galluzzo
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ascenzi
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bulzomi
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marino
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D051242:Caveolin 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D044950:Flavanones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D054878:Lipoylation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008954:Models, Biological; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051242:Caveolin 1; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D044950:Flavanones; D004958:Estradiol; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C005273:naringenin