title: n-Hexane toxicity in Jurkat T-cells is mediated by reactive oxygen species.
abstract: Here we assess the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in the manifestation of n-hexane toxicity in Jurkat T-cells and the chemo-protective potential of the antioxidants epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and thymoquinone (TQ) against n-hexane toxicity in vitro. n-Hexane is an important industrial solvent and ambient air pollutant. Subchronic exposure to n-hexane results in a concentration-dependent increase in ROS formation with a corresponding decrease in Jurkat T-cell proliferation. Results from time-course studies indicate that ROS formation plays a causal role in n-hexane induced alterations in Jurkat T-cell proliferation and membrane integrity. Treatment of cells with EGCG, at a concentration reached in plasma, reduced the ROS formation caused by exposure to n-hexane and inhibited the decrease in cell proliferation. Similar effects were obtained with TQ. Both EGCG and TQ significantly reduced n-hexane-induced LDH leakage to control levels. The combined results show that oxidative stress plays a role in the development of n-hexane toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Biochemical Toxicology Laboratory, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: Maria Hutch
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: O'Donoghue
authors.forename: James J A
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Heffron
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D016227:Benzoquinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006586:Hexanes / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000378:metabolism; D019169:Jurkat Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D010078:Oxazines / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D012997:Solvents / Q000633:toxicity*; D014966:Xanthenes / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016227:Benzoquinones; D006586:Hexanes; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010078:Oxazines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012997:Solvents; D014966:Xanthenes; C005843:resazurin; C026385:n-hexane; D002392:Catechin; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; C003466:thymoquinone