title: Intranuclear nucleolin distribution during cell cycle progression in human invasive ductal breast carcinomas in relation to estrogen receptor status.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nucleolin (NU) can be found in the nucleus in aggregates and in a diffused form. The expression and distribution of these two intranuclear pools of nucleolin was compared in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and -negative invasive ductal breast carcinomas in relation to cell cycle phases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a laser scanning cytometer NU was measured within the whole nucleus, within nucleolin aggregates (NUA) and within the NUA-free karyoplasm. The G1-, S- and G2M-phase cell subpopulations were distinguished on DNA histograms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The nuclei of ER-positive and ER-negative breast carcinomas in the G2M-phase differed in the expression of NU in the NUA and in the NUA-free karyoplasm, whereas in the S-phase they only differed in the NUA-free karyoplasm expression. In ER-positive carcinomas NU levels rose from G1 to G2M in both the NUA and the NUA-free karyoplasm, whereas in ER-negative carcinomas the NU levels increased only between G1/S in the NUA and between S/G2M in the NUA-free karyoplasm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are significant differences in nucleolin expression and localization during cell cycle progression depending on ER status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland. mmasiuk@med.pam.szczecin.pl
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masiuk
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Urasinska
authors.forename: Wenancjusz
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Domagala
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000097796:Nucleolin
chemical_list: D010750:Phosphoproteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D000097796:Nucleolin