title: Audit of symptoms and prescribing in patients with the anorexia-cachexia syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To audit the profile of symptoms related to the anorexia-cachexia syndrome (ACS) in patients with cancer, and current prescribed medication.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cancer patients within both primary and secondary care in north Durham.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with cancer and symptoms of ACS were referred to the specialist pharmacist. Symptom profile was assessed using the Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) tool and current drug history was recorded. Changes to prescribed medication recommended by the specialist pharmacist were communicated to the responsible clinician. Management strategies were standardised according to the evidence base or best practice in the absence of evidence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quantified symptom burden and analysis of patterns of prescribing in this cohort of patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three out of thirty-two patients referred were well enough for assessment. Hundred and nineteen active symptoms were identified by the PG-SGA tool in those 23 patients. Patients were prescribed a median of eight drugs, excluding nutritional supplements. Side effects of prescribed medication may have been contributory factors to dry mouth and constipation, reported by 21 (91%) and 12 (52%) patients respectively. Many active symptoms were not managed by prescribed medication, most commonly dry mouth, anorexia and early satiety. Eighty-nine recommended changes to prescribed medication were made by the specialist pharmacist, most frequently treatment of dry mouth and prescription of prokinetic antiemetics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ACS in patients with cancer is associated with a significant number of active symptoms, many unmanaged by prescription medication. The potential for standardised assessment and management is raised.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy, County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust, University Hospital of North Durham, Durham, UK.
authors.forename: Inga
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Andrew
authors.forename: Graeme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Holden
authors.forename: Colette
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hawkins
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000855:Anorexia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002100:Cachexia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003248:Constipation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D010595:Pharmacists; D024382:Professional Role; D013577:Syndrome; D014987:Xerostomia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology