title: Fingerprinting analysis of fresh ginseng roots of different ages using 1H-NMR spectroscopy and principal components analysis.
abstract: Fingerprinting analysis of fresh ginseng according to root age was performed using 1H-NMR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis techniques. Various peaks were detected in the aliphatic (0-3 ppm), sugar (3-6 ppm), and aromatic (6-9 ppm) regions of the 1H-NMR spectra of the water extracts of fresh ginseng root. The use of principal components (PCs) analysis (PCA) for metabolomic profiling allowed the large 1H-NMR data set obtained for various metabolites to be reduced to PC1, PC2, and PC3. Two dimensional score plots showed clear separations with these three components at different roots ages, and explained 89.6% of the total variance. Canonical discriminant analysis identified the ginseng roots at various ages from the NMR results with over 89.9% discrimination accuracy. These results indicate that the combination of 1H-NMR and PCA provides a very promising tool for the authentication and quality control of fresh ginseng roots at different ages.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon 441-857, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoo-Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Kyong-Hwan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: Dong-Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: In
authors.forename: Ok-Tae
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong-Yoon
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Hyun
authors.forename: In-Ok
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Bon Cho
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: Suk-Weon
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nak-Sul
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Seong
authors.forename: Seon-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Dongho
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyung-Kyoon
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis / Q000379:methods*