title: Function of congruent facial responses to smiling and frowning.
abstract: The congruent facial response of a receiver may change a sender's facial display in subsequent facial communication. Senders were requested to smile and frown at a receiver of computer-synthesized animation and to rate how likeable the receiver was after the "interaction." It was observed that a congruent facial response maintained the sender's facial expression longer than an incongruent response did. The results of the questionnaire revealed that senders reported a greater likeability for smiling receivers than for those who frowned. Likeability ratings did not depend on the congruency of the receiver's response but simply on whether the receiver was smiling or frowning.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japa.n ichihiro@human.tsukuba.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Junshiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Makino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005145:Face / Q000502:physiology; D005149:Facial Expression; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007100:Imitative Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009633:Nonverbal Communication / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D012904:Smiling / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D012928:Social Desirability; D012938:Social Perception; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*