title: A reliable surface landmark for localizing supratrochlear artery: medial canthus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the reliability of medial canthus as a surface landmark to locate supratrochlear vascular pedicle.
  
  
  METHODS
  The distance from medial canthal line to supratrochlear vascular pedicle was measured in 57 healthy volunteers (Doppler imaging study) and also in 15 fresh cadavers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the Doppler study, the pedicle was found at most 3 mm lateral or medial to medial canthus (mean +/- SD, 0.8 +/- 0.7 mm). SVP mark tended to be medial to the medial canthus mark in females (males, 6; females, 42), whereas it was lateral to it in males (males, 20; females, 5). In the cadaver study, the pedicle was found 0.7 mm away from medial canthus on average.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Medial canthus can be used as a reliable landmark for paramedian forehead flaps. When Doppler examination fails, pedicle may be found at most 3 mm away from medial canthus. SVP is more commonly located lateral to medial canthus in males and medial to it in females.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey. mehmetbirolugur@gmail.com <mehmetbirolugur@gmail.com>
authors.forename: Mehmet Birol
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ugur
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Savranlar
authors.forename: Lokman
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Uzun
authors.forename: Hüdaverdi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Küçüker
authors.forename: Fikret
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cinar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001158:Arteries / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002102:Cadaver; D005260:Female; D005546:Forehead / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000379:methods