title: Spontaneous rotatory atlantoaxial dislocation without neurological compromise in a child with Down syndrome: a case report.
abstract: Spontaneous atlantoaxial dislocation is a rare recognised complication of Down syndrome. In the majority of cases, dislocation takes place in an anteroposterior direction and is often associated with abnormalities of odontoid development or ossification. Rotatory atlantoaxial dislocation is extremely rare in Down syndrome and this is to our knowledge the first reported case in which modern imaging methods have been described; surface shaded reformats derived from a multislice CT scan were of fundamental importance in making the diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Queen's Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, NG7 2UH, UK.
authors.forename: Iain
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Au-Yong
authors.forename: Bronek
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Boszczyk
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mehdian
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kerslake
mesh_terms: D001175:Arthrography / Q000379:methods; D001268:Atlanto-Axial Joint / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D001368:Axis, Cervical Vertebra / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D001270:Cervical Atlas / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D019416:Head Movements / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009809:Odontoid Process / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012399:Rotation / Q000009:adverse effects; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014103:Torticollis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D021801:Zygapophyseal Joint / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology