title: An autologous cell lysate extract from human embryonic stem cell (hESC) derived osteoblasts can enhance osteogenesis of hESC.
abstract: It was recently demonstrated that osteogenesis of hESC was more efficient without the initial embryoid body formation step. This study sought to further improve this direct differentiation culture system, by developing an autologous osteogenic-inducing culture supplement extracted from hESC-derived osteogenic cells themselves. A whole cell lysate was prepared from hESC-derived osteogenic cells, simply by exposure to deionized water followed by free-thawing and subsequent filtration. The product was used to coat the surface of cell culture dishes together with gelatin, prior to culture of hESC under osteogenic-inducing conditions. The results showed that the autologous cell lysate extract promoted the aggregation and clustering of cells to form nodule-like structures. Immunohistochemical staining on day 9 demonstrated that these cellular aggregates strongly expressed STRO-1, while on day 14 the nodule-like structures stained positively for both osteocalcin and osteonectin (SPARC). By contrast, the negative control (gelatin coating alone) showed much less prominent cellular aggregation and clustering, and was stained much less intensely for these markers. Additionally, Von Kossa staining on day 14 was also more intense in the presence of the autologous cell lysate extract. Hence, this product can be used to further enhance the osteogenesis of hESC. This would save costs from the use of highly-expensive cytokines, growth factors and matrix components, as well as avoid pathogenic transmission from animal and human products.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillo-Facial Surgery, National University of Singapore, 119074 Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Boon Chin
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Heng
authors.forename: Wei Seong
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Toh
authors.forename: Barry Peter
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Bee Leng
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jin Fei
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002457:Cell Extracts; D048430:Cell Shape; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis; D015676:Osteonectin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D002457:Cell Extracts; D015676:Osteonectin; C525591:STRO-1 antigen, human; D015675:Osteocalcin