title: Novel colorimetric method overcoming phosphorus interference during trace arsenic analysis in soil solution.
abstract: A sensitive (method detection limit, 2.0 microg As L(-1)) colorimetric determination of trace As(v) and As(iii) concentrations in the presence of soluble phosphorus (P) concentrations in soil/water extracts is presented. The proposed method modifies the malachite green method (MG) originally developed for P in soil and water. Our method relies upon the finding that As(iii) and As(v) do not develop the green color during P analysis using the MG method. When an optimum concentration of ascorbic acid (AA) is added to a sample containing up to 15 times P > As (microM) concentrations, the final sample absorbance due to P will be equal to that of As(v) molecules. The soluble As concentration can then be quantified by the concentration difference between the mixed oxyanion (As + P) absorbance (proposed method) and the MG method absorbance that measures only P. Our method is miniaturized using a 96-well microplate UV-VIS reader that utilizes minute reagent and sample volumes (120 and 200 microL sample(-1), respectively), thus, minimizing waste and offering flexibility in the field. Our method was tested in a suite of As-contaminated soils that successfully measured both As and P in soil water extracts and total digests. Mean% As recoveries ranged between 84 and 117%, corroborating data obtained with high-resolution inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry. The performance of the proposed colorimetric As method was unaffected by the presence of Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Fe, Al, Si, and Cr in both neutral and highly-acidic (ca. pH 2) soil extracts. Data from this study provide the proof of concept towards creating a field-deployable, portable As kit.
authors.affiliation: Earth and Environmental Science Department, University of Texas at San Antonio, TX, USA. konstantinos.makris@utsa.edu
authors.forename: Konstantinos C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Makris
authors.forename: Pravin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Punamiya
authors.forename: Dibyendu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.forename: Rupali
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Datta
mesh_terms: D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis*; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000379:methods; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D007220:Industrial Waste; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014131:Trace Elements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010758:Phosphorus; D001151:Arsenic