title: Association of the beta3-adrenergic receptor Trp64Arg polymorphism with common metabolic traits: studies of 7605 middle-aged white people.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The functional variant Trp64Arg in the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor has previously been examined for association with obesity and insulin resistance with ambiguous results. For further evaluation the present study examined the impact of the Trp64Arg variant on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and obesity in a relatively large, homogenous study population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Trp64Arg polymorphism was genotyped in 7605 Danish subjects using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Association was examined in case-control studies of obesity (1529 cases and 6049 controls) and type 2 diabetes (1373 cases and 4742 controls) and quantitative trait analyses among 5822 individuals. Furthermore, the association of Trp64Arg with type 2 diabetes was examined in a meta-analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Trp64Arg polymorphism was not associated with obesity. However, the Arg-allele was associated with a slightly increased risk of type 2 diabetes (OR1.15 (CI: 1.01-1.31); p=0.04), increased insulin resistance estimated by homeostasis model assessment (p=0.01), higher fasting serum insulin levels (p=0.01), and higher levels of plasma glucose 2-h after glucose ingestion (p=0.02). After sex stratification these associations were only present among women. Furthermore, the Arg-allele was borderline associated with type 2 diabetes in a meta-analysis of the present and 26 previous studies (p=0.06, OR1.27 (CI: 0.99-1.63)) (n=18891).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trp64Arg does not confer an increased risk of obesity among Danes. Yet, in the present study of 7605 Danes the variant is associated with type 2 diabetes and quantitative traits related to type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Steno Diabetes Center, Niels Steensens Vej 1, NLC2.12, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark. apri@steno.dk
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Gjesing
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Borch-Johnsen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pedersen
mesh_terms: D001120:Arginine / Q000235:genetics*; D003718:Denmark; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000235:genetics*; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000235:genetics*; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; D014364:Tryptophan; D001120:Arginine