title: Phenobarbital-associated bone marrow aplasia: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: We report on a 22-year-old female who developed aplastic anemia after administration of phenobarbital for 6 years. Being refractory to steroid and anti-lymphocyte serum, the patient received allogeneic stem cell transplantation, achieving complete remission. We discuss here the potential mechanisms by which phenobarbital and other anti-epileptic drugs can cause aplastic anemia and review the literature for previous case reports and epidemiological studies.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Santa Chiara, Pisa, Italy. focosi@icgeb.org
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Focosi
authors.forename: Richard Eric
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Kast
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Benedetti
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Papineschi
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galimberti
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petrini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000741:Anemia, Aplastic / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000601:surgery; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000009:adverse effects*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D010634:Phenobarbital