title: Hereditary etiologies of hypomagnesemia.
abstract: Magnesium ions are essential to all living cells. As the second most abundant intracellular cation, magnesium has a crucial role in fundamental metabolic processes such as DNA and protein synthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, enzyme function, ion channel regulation, and neuromuscular excitability. After presenting an overview of magnesium homeostasis, we review the etiologies of hypomagnesemia, with an emphasis on hereditary causes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8837, USA. anader@parknet.pmh.org
authors.forename: Amir Said Alizadeh
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Naderi
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Reilly
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism*; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D018570:Risk Assessment; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D050053:TRPM Cation Channels; C459082:TRPM6 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C486583:TRPM7 protein, human; D008274:Magnesium