title: Optimization of fin-swim training for SCUBA divers.
abstract: Underwater swimming is a unique exercise and its fitness is not accomplished by other types of training. This study compared high intensity intermittent fin-swim training (HIIT) with moderate intensity continuous (MICT). Divers (n = 20; age = 23 +/- 4 yrs; weight = 82.57 +/- 10.38 kg; height = 180 +/- 6 cm) were assigned to MICT (65%-75% heart rate max (HRmax), for 45 min) or HIIT three 10 min swims/rest cycles (77%, 83%, and 92% HRmax, respectively) for 50 min. They trained using snorkel and fins at the surface paced by an underwater light system 3 times per week for 4 weeks. Swim tests were the energy cost of swimming, VO2max and timed endurance swim (at 70%/VO2max). The VO2 was a non-significantly reduced at any velocity with either HIIT or MICT. Maximal swim velocity increased after HIIT (10%) (p < or = 0.05) but not after MICT (p > 0.05). VO2max increased 18% after HIIT and 6% after MICT (p < or = 0.05). The endurance times increased 131% after HIIT and 78% after MICT (p < or = 0.05), and in spite of this post-swim lactate was not significantly different and averaged 4.69 +/- 1.10mM (p > 0.05). Although both training methods significantly improved fin swimming performance with similar time commitments, the HIIT improved VO2max and endurance more than MICT (p < or = 0.05). As no improvements in ventilation were observed, combining HIIT with respiratory muscle training could optimize diver swim fitness.
authors.affiliation: Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wylegala
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schafer-Owczarzak
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Pendergast
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D004242:Diving / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D019344:Lactic Acid; D010100:Oxygen