title: An insertion/deletion polymorphism of the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene is associated with serum and red blood cell folate concentrations in women.
abstract: A low serum folate and high homocysteine phenotype is associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects (NTDs), cardiovascular diseases and other pathologies. Thus defining both genetic and non-genetic factors that may impact folate/homocysteine metabolism will enhance our understanding of the etiologic mechanisms underlying these conditions and facilitate risk assessment. Dihydrofolate reductase catalyzes the reduction of folic acid to dihydrofolate and thereafter to tetrahydrofolate. The impact of the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) c.86 + 60_78 insertion/deletion (ins/del) polymorphism on folate and homocysteine concentrations was analyzed using data from healthy young adults from Northern Ireland, collected as part of visit three of the Young Hearts Project. Among men the DHFR c.86 + 60_78 polymorphism was not significantly associated with serum or red blood cell folate concentrations, or with homocysteine concentrations. Among women the DHFR c.86 + 60_78 polymorphism explained 2% of the variation in RBC folate levels and 5% of the variation in serum folate levels, but did not appear to have an independent effect on homocysteine. Relative to women with the DHFR c.86 + 60_78 ins/ins and ins/del genotypes, del/del homozygotes had increased serum and red blood cell folate concentrations and may therefore be at decreased risk of having offspring affected by NTDs and of other adverse reproductive and health outcomes attributable to low folate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Center for Pharmacogenetics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 153 Johnson Pavilion, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6084, USA.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stanisławska-Sachadyn
authors.forename: Karen S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Jayne V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Woodside
authors.forename: Ian S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Liam
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: Colin A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Boreham
authors.forename: Helene
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: McNulty
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Strain
authors.forename: Alexander S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Whitehead
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009660:Northern Ireland; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013762:Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D014803:Vitamin B Complex / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D006710:Homocysteine; D014803:Vitamin B Complex; D005492:Folic Acid; D013762:Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase