title: Proton beam therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma adjacent to the porta hepatis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of proton beam therapy (PBT) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) located adjacent to the porta hepatis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects of the study were 53 patients with HCC located within 2 cm of the main portal vein. All patients had tumor confined to the radiation field with no evidence of metastatic disease. All patients had hepatic function levels of a Child-Pugh score of 10 or less, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 2 or less, and no uncontrolled ascites. Patients underwent PBT of 72.6 GyE in 22 fractions from Sept 2001 to Dec 2004.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 3 years, the actuarial survival rate was 45.1% and local control rate was 86.0%. Prognostic factors for survival included Child-Pugh score, number of tumors, and alpha-fetoprotein levels. No late treatment-related toxicity of Grade 2 or higher was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PBT delivering 72.6 GyE in 22 fractions appears to be effective and safe for HCC adjacent to the porta hepatis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizumoto
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokuuye
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugahara
authors.forename: Hidetsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Nobuyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fukumitsu
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abei
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shoda
authors.forename: Eriko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tohno
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minami
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood / Q000098:blood supply / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000098:blood supply / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011169:Portal Vein; D061766:Proton Therapy; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D015996:Survival Rate; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins