title: Rapid serodiagnosis of leptospirosis by latex agglutination test and flow-through assay.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diagnosis of leptospirosis facilitates patient management and initiation of therapy. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is the serological test used in reference laboratories because of its high degree of sensitivity and specificity. But the results are not available quickly for patient management. In the present study, in order to develop a simple, rapid immunodiagnostic assay, one of the outer membrane proteins (OMPs), recombinant LipL41 (rLipL41) has been utilised in latex agglutination test (LAT) and flow-through assay.
  
  
  METHODS
  Part of LipL41 gene was expressed in Escherichia coli system and purified. The rLipL41 antigen of pathogenic Leptospira interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae, which is conserved in all pathogenic Leptospira spp. was used as capture antigen in the LAT and flow-through test. Both tests are very rapid and could be completed within 5 minutes. The sensitivity and specificity of rLipL41 was assessed and evaluated in LAT and flow-through assay in comparison with standard MAT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sensitivity and specificity of the LAT were 89.70 and 90.45% and flow-through assay were 89.09 and 77.70%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The developed LAT and flow-through assays were simple, rapid and economical for the detection of leptospira infection and suitable for large-scale screening of samples in endemic areas without any sophisticated equipment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai - 600 007, Tamil Nadu, India. tmaskumar@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Tma
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Senthilkumar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Subathra
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Phil
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramadass
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ramaswamy
mesh_terms: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D007841:Latex Fixation Tests / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D041383:Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007922:Leptospirosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins