[Prevention of early-onset group B streptococcus neonatal diseases. The 2005 experience of the Lille University Health Center].
OBJECTIVE
To study the efficiency of the official recommendations on the prevention of group B streptococcus and the impact of this strategy.


METHODS
A prospective study was realized in 2005. All infants who were live-born at the Jeanne-de-Flandre hospital (Lille, France) and their mothers were included in the study. Data concerned both pregnancy (vaginal screening, intrapartum antibiotic) and newborn (safe, colonization and early-onset neonatal bacterial disease).


RESULTS
Our study included 4353 mother-newborn couples. Vaginal screening was performed on 92% of the women included in the study. Prevalence of vaginal group B streptococcus in screened women was 7%. Perpartum antibioprophylaxia of group B streptococcus was achieved in 12% of the women included in the study. Group B streptococcus was associated to 60% of probable and certain early-onset bacterial neonatal diseases, with an incidence of 9/1000 births. Exposition to antenatal antibiotherapy multiplied by two the risk of ampicillin resistant Gram-negative bacilli (RR=2 [1.1-3.8]).


CONCLUSIONS
Recommendations were well followed, but in our health center group, B streptococcus was the main bacteria responsible for early-onset bacterial neonatal diseases. Because of the risk of germ selection, a more targeted antibioprophylaxia has to be preferred.
Thibaudon Baveux
C
C
Pédiatrie en maternité, hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, centre hospitalier régional universitaire de Lille, 59037 Lille cedex, France.
Stroebel Noguer
A
A
Boulard Mallet
I
I
Djavadzadeh-Amini
M
M
Kacet
N
N
Truffert
P
P
Subtil
D
D
Dubos
J-P
JP
D000328:Adult; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008403:Mass Screening; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014623:Vaginal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology