title: Long-term follow-up of hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis correction using the Star S2 excimer laser.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively evaluate the safety, efficacy, predictability, and long-term stability of hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using the Star S2 excimer laser (Visx).
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study evaluated 41 eyes of 27 patients who had LASIK for the correction of spherical hyperopia. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on preoperative cycloplegic refraction: low hyperopia (less than +2.00 diopters [D]), medium hyperopia (+2.00 to +4.00 D), and high hyperopia (more than +4.00 D).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all eyes, the mean preoperative spherical equivalent (SE) was +2.53 D (range +0.75 to +5.25 D) and the mean attempted SE was +2.58 D (range +0.75 to +5.25 D). At the last visit (mean 5.29 years), the mean SE was +0.44 D +/- 0.69 (SD) in the low hyperopia group, +0.58 +/- 0.56 D in the medium hyperopia group, and +0.59 +/- 1.18 D in the high hyperopia group. The percentage of eyes within +/-1.00 D of emmetropia was 82.4%, 75.0%, and 66.7%, respectively (68.9% overall). The uncorrected visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 100% of eyes in the low hyperopia group, 91.7% in the medium hyperopia group, and 66.7% in the high hyperopia group (87.8% overall). The hyperopic shift between 1 year and the last visit was +0.18 D, +0.30 D, and +0.55 D, respectively (+0.40 D overall; range -1.25 to +2.63 D).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyperopic LASIK using the Star S2 excimer laser was safe, effective, and predictable for hyperopia up to +4.10 D (mean of high group). A mild regression of the refractive effect was seen over the 5-year follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Rajen U
authors.initials: RU
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.forename: Atul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Edward E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Manche
mesh_terms: D003319:Corneal Stroma / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006956:Hyperopia / Q000601:surgery*; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D020731:Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ / Q000379:methods*; D054018:Lasers, Excimer / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology