title: Zener double exchange from local valence fluctuations in magnetite.
abstract: Magnetite (Fe3O4) is a mixed valent system where electronic conductivity occurs on the B site (octahedral) iron sublattice of the spinel structure. Below T(V)=123 K, a metal-insulator transition occurs which is argued to arise from the charge ordering of 2+ and 3+ iron valences on the B sites (Verwey transition). Inelastic neutron scattering measurements show that optical spin waves propagating on the B site sublattice (approximately 80 meV) are shifted upwards in energy above T_{V} due to the occurrence of B-B ferromagnetic double exchange in the mixed valent phase. The double exchange interaction affects only spin waves of Delta(5) symmetry, not all modes, indicating that valence fluctuations are slow and the double exchange is constrained by short-range electron correlations above T(V).
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics & Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: McQueeney
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yethiraj
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Montfrooij
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Perring
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Honig
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Metcalf