title: Emotional approach coping and self-efficacy moderate the effects of written emotional disclosure and relaxation training for people with migraine headaches.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We tested whether emotional skills and headache management self-efficacy (HMSE) moderated effects of written emotional disclosure (WED) compared with control writing and a different intervention, relaxation training (RT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Undergraduates with migraine headaches reported emotional approach coping (EAC) and HMSE; were randomized to WED, RT, or control; and assessed on health measures at baseline and 3-month follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Greater EAC predicted improvement following WED compared with RT and control, whereas low HMSE predicted improvement following both WED and RT, compared with control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Emotional skill may specifically - and low health management self-efficacy may generally - predict positive responses to WED.
authors.affiliation: Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
authors.forename: Christina A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lumley
authors.forename: Pamela J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: D'Souza
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Dooley
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000339:Affect; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D033262:Narration; D012063:Relaxation; D012650:Self Disclosure; D020377:Self Efficacy; D014956:Writing