title: Lack of interference of common phytoecdysteroids with production of nitric oxide by immune-activated mammalian macrophages.
abstract: Effects of selected common phytoecdysteroids on immunobiological responses triggered by lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) were tested under in vitro conditions using murine resident peritoneal macrophages. Namely, production of nitric oxide was investigated. The series of test agents encompassed ecdysteroids occurring often as major components of the ecdysteroid fraction in numerous plant extracts: 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), polypodine B, ajugasterone C, ponasterone A and inokosterone. Their structural variability concerns only variation in the number and position of hydroxyls. Two additional side-chain modified ecdysteroids: makisterone A (with a methyl substituent at position 24) and carthamosterone (with a cyclic side-chain lactone), and three ecdysteroid analogs: poststerone, rubrosterone and dihydrorubrosterone (devoid of side chains) were included into the test series. All test compounds, except of ponasterone A, represent natural substances isolated from the medicinal plant Leuzea carthamoides and are supposed to be significant for the often reported pharmacological activities of preparations derived from this species. However, the tested ecdysteroids did not interfere with the immunobiological activity of the immunocompetent cells. Our results thus differ from the so far reported information.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Natural Products, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic. harmatha@uochb.cas.cz
authors.forename: Juraj
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harmatha
authors.forename: Karel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vokác
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kmonícková
authors.forename: Zdenek
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zídek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D026461:Ecdysteroids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D026461:Ecdysteroids; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D003345:Corticosterone