title: Historical trauma in American Indian/Native Alaska communities: a multilevel framework for exploring impacts on individuals, families, and communities.
abstract: Over multiple generations, American Indian communities have endured a succession of traumatic events that have enduring consequences for community members. This article presents a multilevel framework for exploring the impact of historically traumatic events on individuals, families, and communities. The critical connection between historically traumatic events and contemporary stressors is also discussed at length.
authors.affiliation: University of Washington School of Social Work, USA.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Evans-Campbell
mesh_terms: D001294:Attitude to Health; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005195:Family Relations / Q000208:ethnology*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000208:ethnology*; D016901:Intergenerational Relations; D012307:Risk Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D017741:Survivors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States; D014754:Violence / Q000208:ethnology*