Safety and tolerability of single intravenous doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium in healthy volunteers.
BACKGROUND
Sugammadex rapidly reverses rocuronium- and vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block. To investigate the effect of combination of sugammadex and rocuronium or vecuronium on QT interval, it would be preferable to avoid the interference of anaesthesia. Therefore, this pilot study was performed to investigate the safety, tolerability, and plasma pharmacokinetics of single i.v. doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium to anaesthetized and non-anaesthetized healthy volunteers.


METHODS
In this phase I study, 12 subjects were anaesthetized with propofol/remifentanil and received sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) combined with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1); four subjects were not anaesthetized and received sugammadex 32 mg kg(-1) with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) (n=2 per treatment). Neuromuscular function was assessed by TOF-Watch SX monitoring in anaesthetized subjects and by clinical tests in non-anaesthetized volunteers. Sugammadex, rocuronium, and vecuronium plasma concentrations were measured at several time points.


RESULTS
No serious adverse events (AEs) were reported. Fourteen subjects reported 23 AEs after study drug administration. Episodes of mild headache, tiredness, cold feeling (application site), dry mouth, oral discomfort, nausea, increased aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels, and moderate injection site irritation were considered as possibly related to the study drug. The ECG and vital signs showed no clinically relevant changes. Rocuronium/vecuronium plasma concentrations declined faster than those of sugammadex.


CONCLUSIONS
Single-dose administration of sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) in combination with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) was well tolerated with no clinical evidence of residual neuromuscular block, confirming that these combinations can safely be administered simultaneously to non-anaesthetized subjects. Rocuronium and vecuronium plasma concentrations decreased faster than those of sugammadex, reducing the theoretical risk of neuromuscular block developing over time.
Cammu
G
G
Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Onze Lieve Vrouw Clinic, Moorselbaan 164, 9300 Aalst, Belgium. guy.cammu@olvz-aalst.be
De Kam
P J
PJ
Demeyer
I
I
Decoopman
M
M
Peeters
P A M
PA
Smeets
J M W
JM
Foubert
L
L
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000732:Androstanols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000097:blood; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019148:Neuromuscular Blockade; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000097:blood; D015742:Propofol; D000077123:Rocuronium; D000077122:Sugammadex; D014673:Vecuronium Bromide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000097:blood; D047408:gamma-Cyclodextrins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology
D000732:Androstanols; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; D047408:gamma-Cyclodextrins; D000077122:Sugammadex; D014673:Vecuronium Bromide; D000077123:Rocuronium; D015742:Propofol