Matter-wave interferometry with phase fluctuating Bose-Einstein condensates.
Elongated Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) exhibit strong spatial phase fluctuations even well below the BEC transition temperature. We demonstrate that atom interferometers using such condensates are robust against phase fluctuations; i.e., the relative phase of the split condensate is reproducible despite axial phase fluctuations. However, larger phase fluctuations limit the coherence time, especially in the presence of some asymmetries in the two wells of the interferometer.
Jo
G-B
GB
MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Choi
J-H
JH
Christensen
C A
CA
Lee
Y-R
YR
Pasquini
T A
TA
Ketterle
W
W
Pritchard
D E
DE