title: Biodegradation of lindane, methyl parathion and carbofuran by various enriched bacterial isolates.
abstract: In the present study, lindane (1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane), methyl parathion (O-dimethylO-(4-nitro-phenyl) phosphorothioate) and carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate) degradation potential of different enriched bacterial cultures were evaluated under various environmental conditions. Enriched cultures behaved differently with different pesticides. Degradation was more in a facultative anaerobic condition as compared to that in aerobic condition. A specific pesticide enriched culture showed maximum degradation of that pesticide irrespective of pesticides and environmental conditions. Lindane and endosulfan enriched cultures behaved almost similarly. Degradation of lindane by lindane enriched cultures was 75 +/- 3% in aerobic co-metabolic process whereas 78 +/- 5% of lindane degradation occurred in anaerobic co-metabolic process. Degradation of methyl parathion by methyl parathion enriched culture was 87 +/- 1% in facultative anaerobic condition. In almost all the cases, many intermediate metabolites were observed. However, many of these metabolites disappeared after 4-6 weeks of incubation. Mixed pesticide-enriched culture degraded all the three pesticides more effectively as compared to specific pesticide- enriched cultures. It can be inferred from the results that a bacterial consortium enriched with a mixture of all the possible pesticides that are present in the site seems to be a better option for the effective bioremediation of multi-pesticide contaminated site.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: K Rama
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Krishna
authors.forename: Ligy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Philip
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000378:metabolism; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002235:Carbofuran / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008743:Methyl Parathion / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D008743:Methyl Parathion; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D002235:Carbofuran