title: Target peptide sequence within infectious human immunodeficiency virus type 1 does not ensure envelope-specific T-helper cell reactivation: influences of cysteine protease and gamma interferon-induced thiol reductase activities.
abstract: Recent clinical trials have shown that the presence of a robust human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific T-cell response may not be sufficient to prevent or control HIV-1 infection. Studies of antigen processing in the context of infectious HIV-1 are therefore warranted. Envelope-specific, major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted murine T-cell hybridomas were tested for responsiveness to splenic antigen-presenting cells exposed to HIV-1-infected GHOST cells. Interleukin-2 assays showed that the presence of a peptide within HIV-1 did not ensure the reactivation of peptide-specific T cells. Further experiments defined the impact of gamma interferon-induced thiol reductase and cysteine proteases on the processing of HIV-1 peptides. The results highlight potential influences of peptide context on T-cell reactivation by HIV-1 and encourage the continued study of antigen processing as support for improved vaccine design.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale St., Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sealy
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chaka
authors.forename: Sherri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Surman
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cresswell
authors.forename: Julia L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hurwitz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006825:Hybridomas; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology*; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007976:Leupeptins / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D050862:Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007976:Leupeptins; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C483811:Ifi30 protein, mouse; D050862:Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; C032854:leupeptin