title: Tigecycline for the treatment of patients with severe sepsis or septic shock: a drug use evaluation in a surgical intensive care unit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adequate antimicrobial therapy is crucial for the survival of critically ill patients with severe nosocomial infections. Tigecycline, the first available agent in the new class of glycylcyclines, is active against multiresistant gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The aim of this observational, retrospective evaluation was to assess tigecycline use patterns in a surgical intensive care unit (SICU) of a tertiary care centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 70 patients receiving tigecycline in the SICU were analysed. We reviewed tigecycline use in terms of demographic data and co-morbidities, disease severity, clinical indication, microbiology, therapy regimens and mortality. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors for mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of patients had co-morbidities such as cancer (51%) or renal replacement therapy (57%). The mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score of patients at admission was 27. Intra-abdominal infection was most frequently diagnosed (50% of patients); intra-abdominal infection and pneumonia were diagnosed in 14%. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was found in 16% of patients (colonization; infection: 6%) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci in 27% (colonization; infection: 21%). The mean duration of tigecycline therapy was 9 +/- 4 days; 76% of patients received tigecycline in combination, with 64% being treated second line. APACHE score and renal replacement were identified as predictive factors for mortality. SICU mortality was 30%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tigecycline treatment of critically ill SICU patients with severe sepsis or septic shock appeared to result in remarkably low mortality. Tigecycline may be an important treatment option for septic patients with infections resistant to other available agents.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Department, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 670, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. stefanie.swoboda@med.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Swoboda
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ober
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hainer
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lichtenstern
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Seiler
authors.forename: Constanze
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wendt
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoppe-Tichy
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Büchler
authors.forename: Markus A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Weigand
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods*; D004341:Drug Evaluation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008911:Minocycline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D000078304:Tigecycline; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000078304:Tigecycline; D008911:Minocycline