title: Bond strength of an amorphous calcium phosphate-containing orthodontic adhesive.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether an amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP)-containing adhesive has an acceptable level of shear bond strength to be used as an orthodontic adhesive.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty extracted premolars were randomly divided into three groups for orthodontic bonding. Group 1 used a composite resin adhesive (Transbond XT), group 2 was bonded with an ACP-containing adhesive (Aegis Ortho), and group 3 used a resin-modified glass ionomer (Fuji Ortho LC). All bonded teeth were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 40 +/- 2 hours prior to debonding. Shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index (ARI) were recorded for each specimen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean shear bond strengths for the three test groups were: group 1 (15.2 +/- 3.6 MPa), group 2 (6.6 +/- 1.5 MPa), and group 3 (8.3 +/- 2.8 MPa). A one-way analysis of variance showed a significant difference in bond strengths between the groups. A post hoc Tukey test showed group 1 to be significantly (P < .001) greater than groups 2 and 3. A Kruskal-Wallis test and a Mann-Whitney U-test showed groups 1 and 3 exhibited lower ARI scores than group 2, but a majority of specimens in each group had greater than 50% of the cement removed along with the bracket during debonding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ACP-containing adhesive demonstrated a low, but satisfactory bond strength needed to function as an orthodontic adhesive.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881, USA.
authors.forename: Jeff A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Berzins
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Bradley
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001641:Bicuspid; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D019279:Resin Cements; D033081:Shear Strength; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; C528777:Aegis Ortho adhesive; D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003738:Dental Cements; C095451:Fuji Ortho LC; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D019279:Resin Cements; C477790:Transbond XT; C519480:amorphous calcium phosphate