title: Reducing peritoneal vascular endothelial growth factor concentration and inhibiting cancer scattering in a mouse model of laparoscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to investigate the efficacy of early intraperitoneal (i.p.) paclitaxel administration in reducing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration in peritoneal fluid and preventing intraoperative cancer scattering during laparoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nude mice were given i.p. ovarian cancer SKOV-3 xenografts to simulate intraoperative cancer dissemination and were assigned into concurrent- (day 0) and salvage-giving (day 5) treatment groups and nontreatment and nonxenografted groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The xenografted nontreatment group showed markedly increased peritoneal VEGF concentrations, whereas the paclitaxel (no-tumor) control group showed significantly reduced concentrations. In mice with cancer xenografts, both concurrent- and salvage-giving treatment groups showed significantly decreased peritoneal VEGF concentrations (P < .05), and the concurrent-giving group had significantly fewer implanted cancer nodules (P < .05), whereas the salvage-giving group had decreased total tumor weights (P < .05) compared with nontreatment. Total tumor weights were found closely correlated to peritoneal VEGF concentrations in a positive exponential relationship (P = .003, R(2) = 0.581).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early treatment with IP paclitaxel significantly decreased the VEGF concentration in peritoneal fluid, which was associated with reduced implantation and growth of disseminated cancer cells after laparoscopy. These encouraging results suggest a useful strategy for future clinical applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chih-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Chyi-Long
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Murk
authors.forename: Chien-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Shuen-Kuei
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051379:Mice; D009366:Neoplasm Seeding; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D017239:Paclitaxel