title: Correlates of medical and legal help seeking among women reporting intimate partner violence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) type, severity, and duration and abused women's use of medical and legal services.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 1509 randomly sampled women from a large health plan who were interviewed by telephone to assess (1) self-reported lifetime exposure to IPV type (physical, sexual, and psychological), severity, and duration and (2) women's use of medical and legal services (civil protection orders).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with women who experienced psychological abuse only, sexually abused women were 1.3 times as likely to seek medical care, and women exposed to physical IPV or sexual IPV were 3.2 times and 1.6 times as likely, respectively, to seek legal services. Rates of medical and legal help seeking increased with increasing abuse severity among physically abused women, and rates of legal help seeking increased with abuse severity among sexually and psychologically abused women. Longer duration of physical and sexual IPV was also found to be associated with increased legal help seeking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Abused women who sought formal help were more likely to be exposed to physical or sexual IPV, severe psychological IPV, and severe and long-lasting physical and sexual IPV. Efforts should be considered to improve the healthcare and legal system's response to IPV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Services, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. eduterte@gmail.com
authors.forename: Erin E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Duterte
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Bonomi
authors.forename: Mary A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kernic
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Schiff
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Frederick P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Rivara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018585:Battered Women / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D016387:Women's Health; D014932:Women's Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data