Quantum theory of orbital magnetization and its generalization to interacting systems.
Based on standard perturbation theory, we present a full quantum derivation of the formula for the orbital magnetization in periodic systems. The derivation is generally valid for insulators with or without a Chern number, for metals at zero or finite temperatures, and at weak as well as strong magnetic fields. The formula is shown to be valid in the presence of electron-electron interaction, provided the one-electron energies and wave functions are calculated self-consistently within the framework of the exact current and spin-density functional theory.
Shi
Junren
J
Institute of Physics and ICQS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Vignale
G
G
Xiao
Di
D
Niu
Qian
Q