title: Characterization of dihydrodipicolinate reductase from Thermotoga maritima reveals evolution of substrate binding kinetics.
abstract: In lysine biosynthesis, dihydrodipicolinate reductase (DHDPR) catalyses the formation of tetrahydrodipicolinate. Unlike DHDPR enzymes from Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which have dual specificity for both NADH and NADPH as co-factors, the enzyme from Thermotoga maritima has a significantly greater affinity for NADPH. Despite low sequence identity with the E. coli and M. tuberculosis DHDPR enzymes, DHDPR from T. maritima has a similar catalytic site, with many conserved residues involved in interactions with substrates. This suggests that as the enzyme evolved, the co-factor specificity was relaxed. Kinetic studies show that the T. maritima DHDPR enzyme is inhibited by high concentrations of its substrate, DHDP, and that at high concentrations NADH also acts as an inhibitor of the enzyme, suggesting a novel method of regulation for the lysine biosynthetic pathway. Increased thermal stability of the T. maritima DHDPR enzyme may be associated with the lack of C-terminal and N-terminal loops that are present in the E. coli DHDPR enzyme.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8020, New Zealand. grant.pearce@canterbury.ac.nz
authors.forename: F Grant
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Pearce
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sprissler
authors.forename: Juliet A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gerrard
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D001665:Binding Sites; D005075:Biological Evolution; D050746:Dihydrodipicolinate Reductase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D013696:Temperature; D020124:Thermotoga maritima / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D009243:NAD; D009249:NADP; D050746:Dihydrodipicolinate Reductase