title: Blood clearance of the prion protein introduced by intravenous route in sheep is influenced by host genetic and physiopathologic factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The risk of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) transmission by blood transfusion is dependent on the blood concentrations of the pathologic isoform of prion protein (PrPsc) but may also be influenced by blood concentrations of cellular PrP (PrPc). These concentrations are controlled by the blood clearance of PrP, which has never been evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The blood (actually plasma) clearance of ovine purified prokaryote recombinant PrP (rPrP) was measured in genotyped and in nephrectomized sheep. The exposure to proteinase K-resistant fragments of PrP (PrPres) after intravenous (IV) administration of scrapie-associated fibrils (SAFs) was also investigated in a sheep.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ARR variant of rPrP was eliminated more rapidly than its VRQ counterpart. The PrPc plasma concentrations in homozygous highly susceptible VRQ sheep were greater than in homozygous ARR-resistant sheep, suggesting that clearance of the ARR variant of PrPc was higher than that of the VRQ variant. The plasma clearance of rPrP was decreased by 52 percent after a bilateral nephrectomy indicating the significant contribution of the kidneys in eliminating rPrP. PrPres was shown to be slowly eliminated after IV administration of scrapie-associated fibrils.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PrP host genotype and physiopathologic factors could influence the risk of TSE transmission by modulating blood PrP clearance. This risk was increased by the sustained exposure to PrPres after IV administration. It should be noted that although the materials that have been administered (rPrP and SAFs) were not the actual species of interest, they can be of value as probes for investigating PrP clearance mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gayrard
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Picard-Hagen
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Viguié
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jeunesse
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tabouret
authors.forename: Human
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rezaei
authors.forename: Pierre-Louis
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Toutain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005838:Genotype; D007118:Immunoassay; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007700:Kinetics; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011328:Prions / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012608:Scrapie / Q000097:blood; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D011328:Prions; D011994:Recombinant Proteins