title: A mitochondrial DNA variant at position 16189 is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Asians.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This multinational study was conducted to investigate the association between a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) T16189C polymorphism and type 2 diabetes in Asians. The mtDNA 16189C variant has been reported to be associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, a recent meta-analysis concluded that it is negatively associated with type 2 diabetes in Europids. Since the phenotype of an mtDNA mutant may be influenced by environmental factors and ethnic differences in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, we investigated the association between the 16189C variant and type 2 diabetes in Asians.
  
  
  METHODS
  The presence of the mtDNA 16189C variant was determined in 2,469 patients with type 2 diabetes and 1,205 non-diabetic individuals from Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong and China. An additional meta-analysis including previously published Asian studies was performed. Since mtDNA nucleotide position 16189 is very close to the mtDNA origin of replication, we performed DNA-linked affinity chromatography and reverse-phase liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and chromatin immunoprecipitation to identify protein bound to the 16189 region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of participants from five Asian countries confirmed the association between the 16189C variant and type 2 diabetes [odds ratio (OR) 1.256, 95% CI 1.08-1.46, p=0.003]. Inclusion of data from three previously published Asian studies (type 2 diabetes n=3,283, controls n=2,176) in a meta-analysis showed similar results (OR 1.335, 95% CI 1.18-1.51, p=0.000003). Mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein (mtSSB) was identified as a candidate protein bound to the 16189 region. Chromatin immunoprecipitation in cybrid cells showed that mtSSB has a lower binding affinity for the 16189C variant than the wild-type sequence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mtDNA 16189C variant is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in Asians.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: L-M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nanjo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirotani
authors.forename: B Y
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: H-K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D002681:China; D017931:DNA Primers; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007723:Korea; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial