title: ORAI and store-operated calcium influx in human airway smooth muscle cells.
abstract: The initial bronchoconstrictor response of the asthmatic airway depends on airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction. Intracellular calcium is a key signaling molecule, mediating a number of responses, including proliferation, gene expression, and contraction of ASM. Ca(2+) influx through receptor-operated calcium (ROC) or store-operated calcium (SOC) channels is believed to mediate longer term signals. The mechanisms of SOC activation in ASM remain to be elucidated. Recent literature has identified the STIM and ORAI proteins as key signaling players in the activation of the SOC subtype; calcium release-activated channel current (I(CRAC)) in a number of inflammatory cell types. However, the role for these proteins in activation of SOC in smooth muscle is unclear. We have previously demonstrated a role for STIM1 in SOC channel activation in human ASM. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and define the potential roles of the ORAI proteins in SOC-associated Ca(2+) influx in human ASM cells. Here we show that knockdown of ORAI1 by siRNA resulted in reduced thapsigargin- or cyclopiazonic acid (CPA)-induced Ca(2+) influx, without affecting Ca(2+) release from stores or basal levels. CPA-induced inward currents were also reduced in the ORAI1 knockdown cells. We propose that ORAI1 together with STIM1 are important contributors to SOC entry in ASM cells. These data extend the major tissue types in which these proteins appear to be major determinants of SOC influx, and suggest that modulation of these pathways may prove useful in the treatment of bronchoconstriction.
authors.affiliation: Division of Therapeutics and Molecular Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: Samantha E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Peel
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ian P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1; D019284:Thapsigargin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007211:Indoles; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; C510746:ORAI1 protein, human; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C103530:STIM1 protein, human; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1; D019284:Thapsigargin; D002118:Calcium; C000543:cyclopiazonic acid