title: Obstetric outcome of teenage pregnancies compared with adult pregnancies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To compare the obstetric outcome of teenage pregnancies with that of older women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart review of singleton births > or =24 weeks' gestational age at the American University of Beirut from 1994 to 2003. Adolescents (<20 years) were compared to subsequently delivered women aged 25-30 years (controls), n=486 each.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 131 (27.0%) adolescents were <18 years. More adolescents were nulliparous (79.8 versus 17.9%; p<0.0001). Preterm delivery <37 but not <34 weeks occurred more frequently in cases (11.1 versus 5.8%, p=0.004). Pre-eclampsia was more commonly encountered (2.9 versus 0.6%; p=0.012) and mean predelivery haematocrit was lower in cases (30.6+/-3.3 versus 33.8+/-4.3%, p<0.001), but the incidence of gestational diabetes, placenta previa, abruptio placentae, breech presentation, or meconium-stained amniotic fluid were similar. Caesarean delivery was performed less frequently in cases (9.2 versus 14.0%; p=0.028), but primary caesarean and operative vaginal delivery rates were similar though vacuum was used more frequently in multiparous controls (0.2 versus 2.7%, p=0.011). Nulliparous cases had shorter first and second stages of labour (384+/-304 versus 524+/-339 min, p<0.0001 and 47+/-36 versus 63+/-50 min, p=0.002), respectively. Mean birth weight was higher in controls (3177+/-567 versus 3284+/-511 g, p<0.001), but intrauterine growth restriction, birth weight <2500 g, low Apgar scores, intrauterine fetal death, and stillbirths were similar in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adolescents are more likely to deliver preterm than older women, and are more likely to suffer from anaemia and pre-eclampsia. Nulliparous adolescents have a quicker progress of labour while multiparous adolescents require vacuum less frequently compared to their older counterparts. In most other respects, they have comparable maternal and perinatal morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Ihab M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Usta
authors.forename: Dani
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zoorob
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abu-Musa
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Naassan
authors.forename: Anwar H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Nassar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001724:Birth Weight; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006400:Hematocrit; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007747:Labor Stage, First; D007748:Labor Stage, Second; D010298:Parity; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011253:Pregnancy in Adolescence; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014620:Vacuum Extraction, Obstetrical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data