title: Peniscopically controlled CO2 laser excision for conservative treatment of in situ and T1 penile carcinoma: report on 224 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the outcome of peniscopically controlled laser excision of early-stage penile carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients treated from 1982 to 2006 were investigated. The primary treatment was excisional surgery alone for in situ or initially invasive flat tumors, and reductive chemotherapy followed by surgery for the exophytic lesions. All excisional procedures were conducted by CO(2) laser under peniscopic control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of a total of 224 patients, 111 underwent partial excision of the glans and/or coronal sulcus surface, and 113 total surface excision. Forty patients underwent reductive chemotherapy. Complete excision was obtained in 221 cases (98.7%) at lateral margins and in 217 cases (96.9%) at deep margin. Postoperative complications were negligible. Overall, the 10-yr recurrence rate was 17.5% (95% confidence interval, 16.4-18.6%), and apparently was not affected by the in situ or invasive nature of the lesion. Amputation was required in nine patients, for a 10-yr amputation rate of 5.5% (range, 5.2-5.7%). In the remaining cases, organ form and curvature were preserved, with satisfactory cosmetic and functional results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early-stage penile carcinomas can be effectively treated with the organ-sparing strategy described here. Because local recurrences occur in a minority of patients and can be safely treated, organ preservation is compatible with local disease control. Reductive systemic chemotherapy in selected exophytic cases broadens the indication for our conservative approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Day Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bandieramonte
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Colecchia
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mariani
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lo Vullo
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pizzocaro
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Piva
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nicolai
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salvioni
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lezzi
authors.forename: Bernardina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stefanon
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Palo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004724:Endoscopy; D006801:Humans; D054020:Lasers, Gas; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010412:Penile Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult