title: Apnea in the newborn.
abstract: Apnea, defined as cessation of breathing resulting in pathological changes in heart rate and oxygen saturation, is a common occurrence especially in preterm neonates. It is due to immaturity of the central nervous system (apnea of prematurity) or secondary to other causes such as metabolic disturbances etc. Secondary causes of apnea should be excluded before a diagnosis of apnea of prematurity is made. Methylxanthines and continuous positive airway pressure form the mainstay of treatment. Mechanical ventilation is reserved for apnea resistant to the above therapy. An approach to the management of apnea in neonates is described.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Satish
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jeevasankar
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.forename: Ashok K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Deorari
authors.forename: Vinod K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Paul
mesh_terms: D001049:Apnea / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants