title: TBX3 is overexpressed in breast cancer and represses p14 ARF by interacting with histone deacetylases.
abstract: TBX3 is a transcription factor of the T-box gene family. Mutations in the TBX3 gene can cause hypoplastic or absent mammary glands. Previous studies have shown that TBX3 might be associated with breast cancer. Here, we show that TBX3 is overexpressed in malignant cells of primary breast cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry. TBX3 interacts with histone deacetylases (HDAC) 1, 2, 3, and 5. TBX3 interacts with HDAC1, 2, and 3 via two distinct binding sites. However, deletion of the repression domain (amino acids 566-624) of TBX3 completely abolishes its interaction with HDAC5. Endogenous TBX3 and HDACs interaction and colocalization are found in a breast cancer cell line by coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence, respectively. The functional significance of the interaction between TBX3 and HDAC is also tested in a p14(ARF)-luciferase reporter system. Results indicate that TBX3 represses expression of p14(ARF) tumor suppressor and that a HDAC inhibitor is able to reverse the TBX3 repressive function in a dosage-dependent manner. This study suggests that TBX3 may function by recruiting HDACs to the T-box binding site in the promoter region. TBX3 repression to its targets is dependent on HDAC activity. TBX3 may serve as a biomarker for breast cancer and have significant applications in both breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
authors.forename: Will
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yarosh
authors.forename: Tomasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barrientos
authors.forename: Taraneh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Esmailpour
authors.forename: Limin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Philip M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Osann
authors.forename: Hoda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Anton-Culver
authors.forename: Taosheng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019556:COS Cells; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005260:Female; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins; C106884:TBX3 protein, human; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; D006655:Histone Deacetylases