title: Gene expression of cold shock and other stress-related genes in Vibrio vulnificus grown in pure culture under shellstock temperature control conditions.
abstract: Shellstock refrigeration after harvesting is recommended to prevent further increases in Vibrio vulnificus numbers in oysters, but it could potentially induce a cold shock response in this bacterium. V. vulnificus was incubated at 35, 25, 20, and 15 degrees C and then subjected to 7.2 and 4 degrees C for 1 week. A cold-adaptation response that enhanced cell culturability was observed when cells were incubated at 15 degrees C prior to cold shock at 7.2 degrees C. In vitro cold shock gene expression was analyzed by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). The expression of cold shock genes csp1 and csp5 (homologous genes to cspA and cspV) remained constant, despite cold shock. However, the transcript of csp3 was constitutively expressed before and after cold shock, with a few exceptions. The synthesis of csp3 mRNA in V. vulnificus C7184Tr (an avirulent strain) was induced only after 15 degrees C incubation and cold shock at 4 degrees C. The expression of csp4 was repressed after cold shock. Our data showed that the csp(s) tested in this study are not cold inducible. The transcripts of two oxidative stress-related genes, oxyR and katG, showed different induction patterns among strains after cold shock, suggesting that V. vulnificus cells encountered oxidative stress during cold shock.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5419, USA.
authors.forename: Suttinee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Limthammahisorn
authors.forename: Yolanda J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.forename: Covadonga R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Arias
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010125:Ostreidae / Q000382:microbiology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012758:Shellfish / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D041261:Vibrio vulnificus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C062260:cold shock protein CS7.4, Bacteria