title: The comparative abilities of propofol and sevoflurane to modulate inflammation and oxidative stress in the kidney after aortic cross-clamping.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Propofol has been reported to provide protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NFkappaB) plays a key role in oxidative stress and the inflammatory response during ischemia-reperfusion. We compared the effect of propofol with sevoflurane on kidney NFkappaB expression and systemic inflammatory responses induced by aortic clamping.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty piglets were divided into four groups: sham surgery group with propofol (group SP, n = 5); sham group with sevoflurane (group SS, n = 5); and suprarenal clamping for 30 min with aorta-aortic bypass under propofol (group CP, n = 5) or sevoflurane (group CS, n = 5) anesthesia. Propofol was administered at 4 mg x kg(-1) x h(-1) i.v. and sevoflurane given at 1.5% inspiratory concentration. Peripheral blood and kidney biopsies were taken before the start of surgery, 15 min after unclamping the aorta, 24, 48, 72 h, and 7 days after surgery. Plasma creatinine, myeloperoxidase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1-beta; and kidney superoxide anion and superoxidase dismutase were measured. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and renal tissue NFkappaB was measured using Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the CS group, animals in the CP group had lower concentrations of myeloperoxidase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1beta, superoxide anion, superoxidase dismutase (P < 0.05) from 24 to 72 h after surgery and diminished NFkappaB expression and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity (P < 0.05) at 48 and 72 h after surgery, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with sevoflurane, propofol administration during suprarenal aortic clamping and unclamping led to modulation of markers of inflammation and decreased NFkappaB expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Conde
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-López
authors.forename: Juan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Nicolás
authors.forename: Francisco S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Lozano
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: García-Criado
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cascajo
authors.forename: Rogelio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: González-Sarmiento
authors.forename: Clemente
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muriel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003250:Constriction; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D015742:Propofol