title: Effect of vitamin K supplementation on bone loss in elderly men and women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vitamin K has been implicated in bone health, primarily in observational studies. However, little is known about the role of phylloquinone supplementation on prevention of bone loss in men and women.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine the effect of 3-yr phylloquinone supplementation on change in bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck bone in older men and women who were calcium and vitamin D replete.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this 3-yr, double-blind, controlled trial, 452 men and women (60-80 yr) were randomized equally to receive a multivitamin that contained either 500 mug/d or no phylloquinone plus a daily calcium (600 mg elemental calcium) and vitamin D (400 IU) supplement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measurements of the femoral neck, spine (L2-L4), and total-body BMD, bone turnover, and vitamins K and D status were measured every 6-12 months. Intent-to-treat analysis was used to compare change in measures in 401 participants who completed the trial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no differences in changes in BMD measurements at any of the anatomical sites measured between the two groups. The group that received the phylloquinone supplement had significantly higher phylloquinone and significantly lower percent undercarboxylated osteocalcin concentrations compared with the group that did not receive phylloquinone. No other biochemical measures differed between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Phylloquinone supplementation in a dose attainable in the diet does not confer any additional benefit for bone health at the spine or hip when taken with recommended amounts of calcium and vitamin D.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA. sarah.booth@tufts.edu
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dallal
authors.forename: M Kyla
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Shea
authors.forename: Caren
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gundberg
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Bess
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dawson-Hughes
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015519:Bone Density; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010837:Vitamin K 1 / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D010837:Vitamin K 1