The use of dexrazoxane for the prevention of anthracycline extravasation injury.
BACKGROUND
The use of the anthracycline anticancer drugs doxorubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin and idarubicin sometimes results in accidental extravasation injury and can be a serious complication of their use.


OBJECTIVE
The object of this review was to evaluate the preclinical and clinical literature on the use of dexrazoxane in preventing anthracycline-induced extravasation injury.


METHODS
A review of the literature was carried out using PubMed.


CONCLUSIONS
Dexrazoxane, which is clinically used to reduce doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, has been shown in two clinical studies and in several case reports to be highly efficacious in preventing anthracycline-induced extravasation injury. Dexrazoxane is a prodrug analog of the metal chelator EDTA that likely acts by removing iron from the iron-anthracycline complex, thus preventing formation of damaging reactive oxygen species.
Hasinoff
Brian B
BB
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada. B_Hasinoff@UManitoba.ca
D000818:Animals; D018943:Anthracyclines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005119:Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011929:Razoxane / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D018943:Anthracyclines; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D011929:Razoxane