title: Metabolic rates, growth phase, and mRNA levels influence cell-specific antibody production levels from in vitro-cultured mammalian cells at sub-physiological temperatures.
abstract: Previous work has shown that recombinant protein yield can be improved from in vitro-cultured mammalian cells by culturing at sub-physiological temperatures, although this effect is cell line and product dependent. The mechanism(s) by which low temperature leads to enhanced product yield are currently unknown; however, recent reports suggest that increased mRNA levels at sub-physiological temperatures may be largely responsible for this. Here, we have investigated whether low-temperature cultivation of cell lines selected for antibody production at 37 degrees C leads to changes in heavy- and light-chain mRNA levels and if this is reflected in antibody yields. Low-temperature in vitro culturing resulted in reduced viable cell concentration, prolonged cell viability, a reduction in metabolite consumption and production, cell cycle arrest in both CHO and NS0 cells, and changes in the levels of heavy- and light-chain mRNA. Despite increases in the level of heavy- and light-chain mRNA upon culturing at 32 degrees C in our model CHO cell line, this did not result in increased total product yield; however, changes in cell-specific yields were observed that reflected the metabolic rate of glucose utilization and changes in mRNA levels.
authors.affiliation: Protein Science Group, Department of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK.
authors.forename: Rosalyn J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Marchant
authors.forename: Mohamed B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Al-Fageeh
authors.forename: Michele F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Underhill
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Racher
authors.forename: C Mark
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Smales
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000917:Antibody Formation; D016466:CHO Cells; D002453:Cell Cycle; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019344:Lactic Acid; D005947:Glucose