title: Evidence that genetic variation in 5-HT transporter expression is linked to changes in 5-HT2A receptor function.
abstract: Variability in expression of the 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) gene in the human population has been associated with a range of behavioural phenotypes. The underlying mechanisms are unclear but may involve changes in 5-HT receptor levels and/or signalling. The present study used a novel 5-HTT overexpressing transgenic mouse to test the hypothesis that variability in 5-HTT expression may alter 5-HT(2A) receptor function. In wildtype mice, the 5-HT(2) receptor agonist DOI increased regional brain mRNA expression of two immediate early genes (c-fos and Arc), and induced head twitches, and both effects were abolished by pre-treatment with the 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist MDL 100907. In 5-HTT overexpressing mice, DOI induced a greater increase in both c-fos and Arc mRNA expression in cortical brain regions, and more head twitches, compared to wildtype mice. Autoradiographic and in situ hybridisation experiments showed that 5-HT(2A) receptor binding sites and 5-HT(2A) receptor mRNA did not differ between transgenic and wildtype mice. Finally, the transgenic mice had lower regional brain 5-HT levels compared to wildtype mice. This depletion of 5-HT may underpin the increase in 5-HT(2A) receptor function because in wildtype mice 5-HT depletion using the 5-HT synthesis inhibitor, p-chlorophenylalanine, enhanced the head twitch response to DOI. These data demonstrate that elevated 5-HTT expression is accompanied by increased 5-HT(2A) receptor function, an effect possibly mediated by decreased availability of synaptic 5-HT. Variation in levels of 5-HTT expression may therefore be a source of variability in 5-HT(2A) receptor function, which may be an important modifier of 5-HTT-linked phenotypes.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Pharmacology, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK. katie.jennings@pharm.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Jennings
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Sheward
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Harmar
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sharp
mesh_terms: D000662:Amphetamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005464:Fluorobenzenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000502:physiology*; D019416:Head Movements / Q000187:drug effects; D007650:Ketanserin / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044402:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A / Q000502:physiology*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D005464:Fluorobenzenes; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010880:Piperidines; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D044402:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists; C092069:activity regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein; D012701:Serotonin; D007650:Ketanserin; C079049:volinanserin; C015952:4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropylamine