title: Coordinated multiple cadaver use for minimally invasive surgical training.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The human cadaver remains the gold standard for anatomic training and is highly useful when incorporated into minimally invasive surgical training programs. However, this valuable resource is often not used to its full potential due to a lack of multidisciplinary cooperation. Herein, we propose the coordinated multiple use of individual cadavers to better utilize anatomical resources and potentiate the availability of cadaver training.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two postgraduate surgeons participated in a robot-assisted surgical training course that utilized shared cadavers. All participants completed a Likert 4-scale satisfaction questionnaire after their training session. Cadaveric tissue quality and the quality of the training session related to this material were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine participants rated the quality of the cadaveric tissue as excellent, 7 as good, 5 as unsatisfactory, and 1 as poor. Overall, 72% of participants who operated on a previously used cadaver were satisfied with their training experience and did not perceive the previous use deleterious to their training.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The coordinated use of cadavers, which allows for multiple cadaver use for different teaching sessions, is an excellent training method that increases availability of human anatomical material for minimally invasive surgical training.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Blaschko
authors.forename: H Mark
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: S Michael
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Dhuy
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Charest-Shell
authors.forename: Ralph V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Clayman
authors.forename: Elspeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: McDougall
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D002983:Clinical Competence; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education*; D012371:Robotics / Q000193:education; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods