title: Elevated 3T proton MRS glutamate levels associated with poor Continuous Performance Test (CPT-0X) scores and genetic risk for schizophrenia.
abstract: Glutamate was quantified by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) in the medial frontal lobes of 15 adult siblings of individuals with schizophrenia (HR) and 14 healthy volunteers (HV), all of whom also completed a Continuous Performance Test (CPT). Subjects were free of psychopathology but the HR group showed greater variability in glutamate levels. After median stratification, the high glutamate group contained a larger proportion of HR than HV subjects and scored lower on the CPT. Elevated glutamate may relate to poor sustained attention and elevated risk of schizophrenia, suggesting a potential role for glutamate in an endophenotype for schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Bebensee Schizophrenia Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. spurdon@ualberta.ca
authors.forename: Scot E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Purdon
authors.forename: Agitha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valiakalayil
authors.forename: Christopher C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hanstock
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Seres
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tibbo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012306:Risk; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012569:Schizotypal Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D035781:Siblings
chemical_list: D018698:Glutamic Acid; D003401:Creatine