title: Interactions between subtotal nephrectomy and salt: effects on blood pressure and renal function in pregnant and nonpregnant ewes.
abstract: The effects of high salt intake on blood pressure and renal function were studied in nine subtotally nephrectomized pregnant ewes (STNxP) and seven intact pregnant ewes (IntP) in late gestation and in eight subtotally nephrectomized nonpregnant ewes (STNxNP) and seven intact nonpregnant ewes (IntNP). STNxP had higher mean arterial pressures (P < 0.02) and plasma creatinine levels (P < 0.001) than IntP. High salt (0.17 M NaCl as drinking water for 5 days) did not change blood pressure in either STNxP or IntP. STNxNP had higher mean arterial pressures (P = 0.03) and plasma creatinine levels (P < 0.001) than IntNP. In STNxNP, blood pressure increased with high salt intake and there was a positive relationship between diastolic pressure and sodium balance (r = 0.497, P = 0.05). This relationship was not present in IntNP, STNxP, or IntP. Because high salt intake did not cause an increase in blood pressure in STNxP, it is concluded that they were protected by pregnancy from further rises in blood pressure. The observed increase in glomerular filtration rate (P < 0.03) and depression of fractional proximal sodium reabsorption (P = 0.003) that occurred in STNxP, but not in STNxNP, in response to high salt may have contributed to this protection. As well, the increased production of vasorelaxants in pregnancy may selectively protect against the occurrence of salt-sensitive hypertension in pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. k.gibson@unsw.edu.au
authors.forename: Karen J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: Amanda C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Boyce
authors.forename: Clare L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chinchen
authors.forename: Eugenie R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Lumbers
mesh_terms: D000809:Angiotensins / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003971:Diastole; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004326:Drinking; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006339:Heart Rate; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D009392:Nephrectomy; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D012756:Sheep; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000378:metabolism; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D000809:Angiotensins; D006454:Hemoglobins; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D003404:Creatinine; D012083:Renin