title: Recurrent neural-network training by a learning automaton approach for trajectory learning and control system design.
abstract: Training of recurrent neural networks by conventional error backpropagation methods introduces considerable computational complexities due to the need for gradient evaluations. In this paper we shall present a training approach using concepts from the theory of stochastic learning automata that eliminates the need for computation of gradients and hence affords a very simple implementation, particularly for implementation on low-end platforms such as personal computers. This approach also offers the flexibility of tailoring a number of specific training algorithms based on the selection of linear and nonlinear reinforcement rules for updating automaton action probabilities. The training efficiency is demonstrated by application to two complex temporal learning scenarios, viz. learning of time-dependent continuous trajectories and feedback controller designs for continuous dynamical plants. For the first problem, it is shown that training algorithms can be tailored following the present approach for a recurrent neural net to learn to generate a benchmark circular trajectory more accurately than possible with existing gradient-based training procedures. For the second problem, it is shown that recurrent neural-network-based feedback controllers can be trained for different control objectives (plant stabilization, output tracking) even when the plant being controlled has complex nonlinear dynamics, and that these controllers possess excellent robustness characteristics with respect to variations in the initial states of the dynamical plant being controlled.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0104, USA.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Sudareshan
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Condarcure