title: Dynamic regulation of single-stranded telomeres in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: The temperature-sensitive phenotypes of yku70Delta and yku80Delta have provided a useful tool for understanding telomere homeostasis. Mutating the helicase domain of the telomerase inhibitor Pif1 resulted in the inactivation of cell cycle checkpoints and the subsequent rescue of temperature sensitivity of the yku70Delta strain. The inactivation of Pif1 in yku70Delta increased overall telomere length. However, the long G-rich, single-stranded overhangs at the telomeres, which are the major cause of temperature sensitivity, were slightly increased. Interestingly, the rescue of temperature sensitivity in strains having both pif1-m2 and yku70Delta mutations depended on the homologous recombination pathway. Furthermore, the BLM/WRN helicase yeast homolog Sgs1 exacerbated the temperature sensitivity of the yku70Delta strain. Therefore, the yKu70-80 heterodimer and telomerase maintain telomere size, and the helicase activity of Pif1 likely also helps to balance the overall size of telomeres and G-rich, single-stranded overhangs in wild-type cells by regulating telomere protein homeostasis. However, the absence of yKu70 may provide other proteins such as those involved in homologous recombination, Sgs1, or Pif1 additional access to G-rich, single-stranded DNA and may determine telomere size, cell cycle checkpoint activation, and, ultimately, temperature sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Genome Instability Section, Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Soma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rilo
authors.forename: Kyungjae
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Myung
mesh_terms: D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005838:Genotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016615:Telomere / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C081647:high affinity DNA-binding factor, S cerevisiae; C085463:PIF1 protein, S cerevisiae; D004265:DNA Helicases