title: Nutritional considerations in heart failure.
abstract: There are a number of factors related to heart failure pathophysiology and treatment that influence nutrient requirements for patients. These include catabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, diuretic use, and presence of comorbidities. On the other hand, there is evidence that specific nutrients can alter heart failure pathophysiology. This article reviews the current evidence for nutritional recommendations regarding sodium and fluid restriction, macro- and micronutrient intake, and dietary changes required by the presence of common comorbidities.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. hmpayn2@uky.edu <hmpayn2@uky.edu>
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Payne-Emerson
authors.forename: Terry A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Lennie
mesh_terms: D002100:Cachexia / Q000209:etiology; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002149:Energy Intake; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D018977:Micronutrients; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary