title: Double silicone tube intubation for the management of partial lacrimal system obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of double silicone intubation for the management of partial lacrimal drainage system obstruction in adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four eyes of 18 consecutive adult patients with partial lacrimal system obstruction managed at the University of Michigan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of symptoms and signs, duration of silicone intubation, and complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Resolution of tearing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative tearing, negative Jones I testing, positive Jones II testing, and resistance to positive-pressure irrigation were present in all eyes (100%). The first silicone tube was removed after a mean of 11+/-7 months, and the second tube after 16+/-6 months. Postoperatively, at a mean of 21+/-9 months after removal of both tubes, tearing remained resolved in 19 eyes (79%) and remained improved in 2 eyes (8%). In eyes with resolved tearing, Jones I testing became positive, and there was no resistance to positive-pressure irrigation. Persistent tearing in 3 eyes (13%) required treatment with external dacryocystorhinostomy. The only complication was peripunctal pyogenic granulomas in 2 eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Double silicone intubation is an effective minimally invasive technique for treatment of partial lacrimal system obstruction in adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Demirci
authors.forename: Victor M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Elner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D020878:Device Removal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D007440:Intubation / Q000379:methods*; D007767:Lacrimal Duct Obstruction / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012826:Silicone Elastomers