title: Inhibitory effects of different ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers on electrically generated and carbachol-induced contractions of porcine and human detrusor muscle.
abstract: The inhibitory effects of different potassium channel openers (PCOs) on electrically generated and carbachol-induced contractions of porcine and human detrusor muscle were examined. PCOs could be an interesting substance class for treatment of detrusor overactivity. Experiments were performed on muscle strips suspended in a tissue bath. Human tissue originated from patients who underwent total cystectomy. The concentration-relaxation curves of the first-generation PCOs cromakalim and pinacidil and the untypical PCO minoxidil were performed using carbachol-precontracted detrusor muscle strips of pigs and humans. Additionally, the inhibitory effects of cromakalim, pinacidil and minoxidil on electrically generated contractions of porcine detrusor muscle were examined. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of the second-generation, bladder-selective PCO ZM 226600 on electrically generated contractions of the human detrusor muscle was determined. Frequency-response curves were performed before and after incubation with one PCO used in two different concentrations. In humans, cromakalim and pinacidil led to a maximum decrease of 73.5 and 68.4% and showed mean pD2 values of 6.65 and 5.5, respectively. In pigs, cromakalim and pinacidil led to a maximum decrease of 90.6 and 93.6% and showed mean pD2 values of 6.39 and 5.01, respectively. Minoxidil did not significantly decrease the precontraction at the highest used concentration in both species. Cromakalim exhibited the biggest inhibitory effect being significant at 10(-5) and 10(-6) M. Pinacidil showed only a significant inhibitory effect at 10(-5) M which was smaller than that of cromakalim. At 3 x 10(-6) M only a very small effect occurred at 1 Hz. Minoxidil did not inhibit the contractions at both examined concentrations except for a very small effect at 1 Hz. In humans, ZM 226600 exhibited at 10(-6) and 10(-5) M a significant inhibitory effect. At 10(-7) M it was only significant at one frequency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany. jasmin-katrin.badawi@lycos.de
authors.forename: Jasmin Katrin
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Badawi
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bross
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000577:Amides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000494:pharmacology; D002217:Carbachol; D019806:Cromakalim / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008914:Minoxidil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D020110:Pinacidil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D001577:Benzophenones; D015221:Potassium Channels; C503138:ZM226600; D019806:Cromakalim; D008914:Minoxidil; D020110:Pinacidil; D002217:Carbachol