title: Turkish children's Bender-Gestalt Test performance: a pilot study and preliminary norms.
abstract: The present study was undertaken to provide preliminary data for norms on the Bender-Gestalt Test for 253 children ages 5 yr., 5 mo. to 11 yr., 10 mo. in Turkey. The Koppitz Developmental Scoring System gave mean error scores of 4.2 (SD = 3.3) for girls and 3.6 (SD = 3.0) for boys. The mean error scores obtained by all age groups are presented and compared with other cross-cultural data. These scores decreased across age groups, supporting Bender's maturational hypothesis of the test. The present sample performed at a higher developmental level than the Koppitz normative sample for the 5- and 6-year age groups, while means for other age groups were similar to the original U.S. norms. That this pattern is supported in other cross-cultural studies is discussed as well as the importance of developing local norms for visual spatial tests.
authors.affiliation: Doğuş University, Department of Psychology, Acibadem, Kadikoy, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey. sozer@dogus.edu.tr
authors.forename: Serap
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozer
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001538:Bender-Gestalt Test / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D002666:Psychology, Child / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D012923:Social Class; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014421:Turkey / Q000208:ethnology; D014481:United States