title: Helicobacter pylori infection affects Toll-like receptor 4 expression in human gastric mucosa.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which requires a helper molecule, MD-2, is a main receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gram-negative bacteria. The expression of TLR4 in H. pylori infection in human gastric mucosa, however, is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of H. pylori infection on the TLR4 and MD-2 expression in human gastric mucosa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biopsy samples from the antrum and corpus were obtained from 45 patients (25 patients without H. pylori infection including 5 patients with successful eradication of H. pylori, and 20 patients with H. pylori infection). These samples were used for TLR4, MD-2 mRNA expression study and immunohistochemical study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients without H. pylori infection, the expressions of TLR4 and MD-2 were bigger in the corpus mucosa than in the antral mucosa. In patients with H. pylori infection, the expressions of TLR4 and MD-2 significantly increased in the antral and corpus mucosa. Immunohistochemical study revealed similar results as the TLR4 mRNA expression. After the eradication of H. pylori, the expressions of TLR4 and MD-2 were the same levels in both sites as those in patients without H. pylori infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicated that H. pylori infection significantly increased TLR4 and MD-2 expressions in the antral and corpus mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Osaka University, Japan. asahikyk@hosp.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kayoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asahi
authors.forename: Hai Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Yujiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eguchi
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsujii
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Hirohisa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanimura
authors.forename: Sunao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051218:Lymphocyte Antigen 96 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C495377:LY96 protein, human; D051218:Lymphocyte Antigen 96; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4