title: Chemical, thermal, and biological ocular exposures.
abstract: Chemical or radiant energy injuries to the eyes are considered ocular burns. The majority of these injuries are occupation-related. Chemical burns are by far more common and represent a true emergency. Thermal and UV injuries are associated with severe pain, but often result in less long-term sequelae than chemical injuries do. The term "biologic exposure" refers to an exposure to human blood or other body fluid. This article describes patterns of these injuries and exposures, with particular emphasis on emergent management and including acute diagnostic and treatment considerations.
authors.affiliation: Boston Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
authors.forename: Jordan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spector
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Fernandez
mesh_terms: D002057:Burns, Chemical / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005126:Eye Burns / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006518:Hepatitis Viruses / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000379:methods