title: Analysis of mouse Cdh6 gene regulation by transgenesis of modified bacterial artificial chromosomes.
abstract: Classic cadherins are cell adhesion molecules whose expression patterns are dynamically modulated in association with their diverse functions during morphogenesis. The large size and complexity of cadherin loci have made it a challenge to investigate the organization of cis-regulatory modules that control their spatiotemporal patterns of expression. Towards this end, we utilized bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) containing the Cdh6 gene, a mouse type II classic cadherin, to systematically identify cis-regulatory modules that govern its expression. By inserting a lacZ reporter gene into the Cdh6 BAC and generating a series of modified variants via homologous recombination or transposon insertions that have been examined in transgenic mice, we identified an array of genomic regions that contribute to specific regulation of the gene. These regions span approximately 350 kb of the locus between 161-kb upstream and 186-kb downstream of the Cdh6 transcription start site. Distinct modules independently regulate compartmental expression (i.e. forebrain, hindbrain rhombomeres, and spinal cord) and/or cell lineage-specific expression patterns (i.e. neural crest subpopulations such as Schwann cells) of Cdh6 at the early developmental stages. With respect to regulation of expression in neural crest cells, we have found that distinct regions contribute to different aspects of expression and have identified a short 79-bp region that is implicated in regulating expression in cells once they have emigrated from the neural tube. These results build a picture of the complex organization of Cdh6 cis-regulatory modules and highlight the diverse inputs that contribute to its dynamic expression during early mouse embryonic development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Ogawahigashi 4-1-1, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan. tinoue@ncnp.go.jp
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Yukiko U
authors.initials: YU
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Asami
authors.forename: Hitomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.forename: Shun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Robb
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krumlauf
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics*; D022202:Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007763:Lac Operon; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009432:Neural Crest / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D024363:Transcription Initiation Site
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D017931:DNA Primers; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; C087310:K cadherin