title: Elevated plasma MMP1 and MMP9 are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation is well established. However the changes in plasma MMP levels with AAA rupture have not been reported. The aim of this study was to determine circulating levels of MMPs in non-ruptured and ruptured AAA immediately prior to open repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concentrations of MMPs and their endogenous tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) were quantified using ELISA in pre-operative plasma samples from non-ruptured and ruptured AAA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MMP1 and MMP9 were elevated in the plasma of ruptured AAA versus non-ruptured AAA. A four-fold elevation in pre-operative plasma MMP9 was associated with non-survival at 30 days from rupture surgery compared with those surviving for greater than 30 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, these findings support the role of MMPs in AAA pathogenesis. Elevation of MMP9 was associated with ruptured aneurysm related 30-day mortality and may represent a survival indicator in this group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Leicester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: W R W
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anderton
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Choke
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Loftus
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017542:Aneurysm, Ruptured / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000097:blood*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C522360:MMP1 protein, human; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1