Enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction of oleosomes from soybeans (Glycine max).
Oleosomes, with their unique structural proteins, the oleosins, are known to be useful in cosmetics and other emulsion applications. A procedure to fractionate intact oleosomes to produce soybean oil without the use of organic solvents was investigated. Process parameters, enzyme treatment, filtration, cell lysis, and centrifugation, were studied. Successive extractions of the residue, eliminating the filtration step, pressurization, or ultrasonication of soybean flour prior to enzyme treatment and enzyme treatment on the residue, were the key steps. A mixture of Multifect Pectinase FE, Cellulase A, and Multifect CX 13L in equal proportion gave 36.42-63.23% of the total soybean oil from oleosomes, respectively, for 45 and 180 s of blending time, compared to the conventional method with lower yields (34.24 and 28.65%, respectively, for 45 and 180 s of blending time). Three successive extractions of the residue increased the oil yield to a maximum of 84.65% of the total soybean oil recovered in intact oleosomes. The percentage of lipid in the supernatant fraction decreased to a minimum value of 0.33% with the use of the enzymes at a 3% dosage. The results are considered to be useful for developing large-scale and efficient extraction of oleosomes from soybean.
Kapchie
Virginie N
VN
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition and Center for Crops Utilization Research, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA. vkapchie@iastate.edu
Wei
Daijing
D
Hauck
Catherine
C
Murphy
Patricia A
PA
D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism; D005433:Flour; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011096:Polygalacturonase / Q000378:metabolism; D013024:Soybean Oil; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*
D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D030262:Soybean Proteins; C079299:oleosin 24 protein, Glycine max; D013024:Soybean Oil; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C023305:hemicellulase; D011096:Polygalacturonase; D002480:Cellulase