title: Low adiponectin levels are associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia and lipid-rich plaque in nondiabetic coronary arteries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine whether an association exists between adiponectin and plaque composition in human coronary arteries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived protein with antiatherogenic and insulin-sensitizing properties. To date, the relationship between adiponectin and plaque composition is unknown. Fasting blood samples were collected from 185 patients undergoing coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Plaque composition was categorized as fibrous, fibrofatty, necrotic core, or dense calcium and further classified as IVUS-derived adaptive or pathological intimal thickening, fibroatheroma, fibrocalcific, or thin cap fibroatheroma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adiponectin correlated with normalized plaque volume (r = -0.16, P = 0.025) and atheroma lipid content as measured by normalized fibrofatty volume (r = -0.19, P = 0.009). Low adiponectin levels were associated with IVUS-derived pathological intimal thickening (r = -0.18, P = 0.01). With increasing quartiles (Q) of adiponectin, the normalized volume of fibrofatty plaque decreased (P = 0.03), which was driven by reductions in the nondiabetic cohort (Q1 44.2 mm(3); Q2 28.2 mm(3); Q3 24.7 mm(3); and Q4 23.4 mm(3); P = 0.01). No similar association was present in diabetic patients. Low adiponectin levels were also associated with IVUS-derived pathological intimal thickening in nondiabetic (r = -0.20, P = 0.03) but not diabetic patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low adiponectin levels are associated with atherogenic lipoproteins (elevated triglycerides, small dense LDL cholesterol, and low HDL cholesterol), increased plaque volume, lipid-rich plaque, and IVUS-derived pathological intimal thickening in the total cohort that was driven by the nondiabetic population, suggesting an antiatherogenic role in the early stages of lesion development.
authors.affiliation: Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64111, USA. smarso@saint-lukes.org
authors.forename: Steven P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Marso
authors.forename: Sameer K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frutkin
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: House
authors.forename: Justin R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: McCrary
authors.forename: Krishnaji R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood* / Q000172:deficiency; D000328:Adult; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004548:Elasticity; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D015588:Observer Variation; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides