title: Covalent attachment of proteins to peptidoglycan.
abstract: Bacterial surface proteins are key players in host-symbiont or host-pathogen interactions. How these proteins are targeted and displayed at the cell surface are challenging issues of both fundamental and clinical relevance. While surface proteins of Gram-negative bacteria are assembled in the outer membrane, Gram-positive bacteria predominantly utilize their thick cell wall as a platform to anchor their surface proteins. This surface display involves both covalent and noncovalent interactions with either the peptidoglycan or secondary wall polymers such as teichoic acid or lipoteichoic acid. This review focuses on the role of enzymes that covalently link surface proteins to the peptidoglycan, the well-known sortases in Gram-positive bacteria, and the recently characterized l,d-transpeptidases in Gram-negative bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Biologie des Bactéries Pathogènes à Gram-positif, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. sdramsi@pasteur.fr
authors.forename: Shaynoor
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dramsi
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Magnet
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Davison
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arthur
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019881:Aminoacyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000201:enzymology; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010458:Peptidyl Transferases / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008074:Lipoproteins; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D019881:Aminoacyltransferases; D010458:Peptidyl Transferases