title: Coherent imaging with two-dimensional focal-plane arrays: design and applications.
abstract: Scanned, single-channel optical heterodyne detection has been used in a variety of lidar applications from ranging and velocity measurements to differential absorption spectroscopy. We describe the design of a coherent camera system that is based on a two-dimensional staring array of heterodyne receivers for coherent imaging applications. Experimental results with a single HgCdTe detector translated in the image plane to form a synthetic two-dimensional array demonstrate the ability to obtain passive heterodyne images of chemical vapor plumes that are invisible to normal video infrared cameras. We describe active heterodyne imaging experiments with use of focal-plane arrays that yield hard-body Doppler lidar images and also demonstrate spatial averaging to reduce speckle effects in static coherent images.
authors.affiliation: Instrumentation and Controls Division, Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation, Building 3500, MS-6006, P.O. Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6004, USA.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Emery
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Hutchinson
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Sitter