title: Biological response to common surface bearings used in orthopaedics.
abstract: Wear particles are the most important cause of aseptic loosening of orthopaedic devices. To reduce the amount of particles generated from the conventional metal-on-polyethylene system, alternative bearings have been introduced. However, there are some concerns about so-called "adverse reactions" to these bearing surfaces. Despite an apparent longevity, metal particles and metal ions released from the prosthesis can induce a series of adverse reactions. The purpose of this review is to provide the readers an up-to-date overview of the literature on the biological responses to different bearing surfaces with particular reference to metal-on-metal bearings and the local and systemic effect of metal ions.
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Oxford, UK. guillaume.mabilleau@ndos.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mabilleau
authors.forename: Hemant
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pandit
authors.forename: Riyaz H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Jinnah
authors.forename: Afsie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sabokbar
mesh_terms: D002516:Ceramics; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D006801:Humans; D007595:Joint Prosthesis; D008670:Metals; D011474:Prosthesis Design
chemical_list: D008670:Metals