title: State and trait anxiety levels before coronary angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the factors that are related to increased anxiety before elective coronary angiography.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Anxiety before coronary angiography is an important factor for complications. To know the factors for increased anxiety, it is important for nurse to prevent complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study design was used. The study included 88 consecutive patients waiting for coronary angiography. Methods. A data-collecting form, which included questions about demographic features, health history and angiography, was completed by the participants on the day of coronary angiography. The level of state and trait anxiety was measured by Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Multivariate Analysis was performed to disclose the independency of the relation between state anxiety and factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both trait and state anxiety levels were found to be moderate (age = 46, SD = 9, 24-67 years and age = 40, SD = 10, 21-65 years, respectively). There was a significant relation between state and trait anxiety levels (r = 0.56, p < 0.001). Among the investigated factors, only the trait anxiety (p < 0.001) and time on waiting list (p = 0.020) were found to be independent. For predicting high level of state anxiety, the cut-off value of trait anxiety was found to be 48 with a sensitivity of 67% and specificity of 67% and cut-off value of time on waiting list was found to be seven days with a sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 52%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The time on waiting list and trait anxiety levels are the most important factors for state anxiety level. To prevent high level of coronary angiography-related anxiety, those patients with trait anxiety level >48 and time on waiting list >7 days should be managed specifically. The preventive measures should be specifically focused on the connection between state and trait anxiety.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nursing planning should be focused on patients especially those on a long-time waiting list and on patients with high trait anxiety level prior to coronary intervention.
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Academy, School of Nursing Gen Tevfik Saglam Cd, Ankara, Turkey. senuzun@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Senay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uzun
authors.forename: Huriye
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vural
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uzun
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokusoglu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged