title: Further pharmacological evidence of the neuroprotective effect of catalpol from Rehmannia glutinosa.
abstract: We have previously evaluated the neuroprotective effect of catalpol on aging mice induced by d-galactose, in which catalpol treatment ameliorated cognition deficits and attenuated oxidative damage in mice brain. To thoroughly elucidate the anti-aging effects of catalpol, the liver and spleen antioxidative systems and energy metabolism in senescent mice induced by d-galactose have been studied. Except control group, mice were subcutaneously injected with d-galactose (150mgkg(-1)body weight) for 6 weeks. Meanwhile, drug group mice were treated with catalpol (2.5, 5, 10mgkg(-1)body weight) and piracetam (300mgkg(-1)body weight) for the last 2 weeks. The activities of endogenous antioxidants and the level of glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxide in the liver and spleen were assayed. Compared to control group, model group mice had significantly lower spleen index (spleen weight/body weight), lower level of GSH, lower activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), higher level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver and spleen. However, catalpol administration markedly reversed these effects of senescence induced by d-galactose. Simultaneously, catalpol noticeably elevated the decreased activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamine synthetase (GS), Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase and decreased the elevated activity of creatine kinase (CK) in mice liver or spleen. These results implied that the anti-aging effects of catalpol were achieved at least partly by promoting endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities and normalizing energy disturbance. Catalpol may be a potential anti-aging agent and worth testing for further preclinical study aimed for senescence or neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Biological Science & Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Xiuli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Aihong
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yongming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Jingyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lijia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: An
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D017301:Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase / Q000378:metabolism; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D005690:Galactose; D005960:Glucosides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000032:analysis; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D032267:Rehmannia / Q000737:chemistry*; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D005960:Glucosides; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C078040:catalpol; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D017301:Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D005978:Glutathione; D005690:Galactose