AQP1 expression analysis in human diseases: implications for proteomic characterization.
Aquaporin (AQP)1 belongs to a ubiquitous family of water channel proteins characterized by sequence similarity and the presence of two NPA (Asp-Pro-Ala) motifs existing in almost all organs and tissues. Currently, 13 human AQPs are known and they are divided into two subgroups according to their ability to transport only water molecules, such as AQP1, or also glycerol and other small solutes. The genomic, structural and functional aspects of AQP1 are briefly described. An in-depth discussion is devoted to proteomic approaches that are useful for identifying and characterizing AQP1, mainly through electrophoretic techniques combined with different extraction procedures followed by mass spectrometry analysis. Moreover, the relevance of AQP1 in human diseases is also explained. Its role in human tumors and, in particular, those of the kidney (e.g., clear cell renal carcinoma) is discussed.
Magni
Fulvio
F
Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Via Cadore 48, 20052 Monza, Italy. fulvio.magni@unimib.it
Chinello
Clizia
C
Raimondo
Francesca
F
Mocarelli
Paolo
P
Kienle
Marzia Galli
MG
Pitto
Marina
M
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D051398:Aquaporin 1 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D004064:Digestive System / Q000378:metabolism; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000379:methods; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000737:chemistry; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D008322:Mammals; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
C496020:AQP1 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D014867:Water; D051398:Aquaporin 1