title: Two Ca(2+)-dependent steps controlling synaptic vesicle fusion and replenishment at the cerebellar basket cell terminal.
abstract: Cerebellar basket cells inhibit postsynaptic Purkinje cells in a rapid and precise manner. To investigate the mechanisms of transmitter release underlying this rapid inhibition, Ca(2+) uncaging was employed to measure the intracellular Ca(2+) dependence of transmitter release and the kinetics of synaptic vesicle pool transitions in immature basket cell synapses at room temperature. Vesicle release properties distinct from those previously observed at excitatory synapses were seen, including a relatively high intracellular Ca(2+) sensitivity of vesicle fusion, rapid vesicle pool mobilization with few reluctant vesicles, and vesicle replenishment driven by unusually high Ca(2+) levels from both local and residual Ca(2+) sources during action potential trains. These results suggest that inhibitory basket cell synapses are optimized for rapid and precise temporal and spatial Ca(2+) coordination of synaptic vesicle fusion and replenishment, which may contribute to the unique physiology of inhibitory synaptic transmission, including phasic release during action potential trains and tonic release by residual intracellular Ca(2+).
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany. tsakaba@gwdg.de
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakaba
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000166:cytology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology*; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010782:Photolysis; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000378:metabolism*; D050683:R-SNARE Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013744:Tetanus Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009498:Neurotoxins; D050683:R-SNARE Proteins; D013744:Tetanus Toxin; D001905:Botulinum Toxins; D002118:Calcium