title: Metabolism and toxicological detection of the designer drug 4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine in rat urine using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: Studies are described on the metabolism and the toxicological analysis of the amphetamine-derived designer drug 4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine (DOC) in rat urine using gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric techniques. The metabolites identified indicated that DOC was metabolized by O-demethylation at position 2 or 5 of the phenyl ring partly followed by glucuronidation and/or sulfation. The authors' systematic toxicological analysis procedure using full-scan gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after acid hydrolysis, liquid-liquid extraction and microwave-assisted acetylation allowed the detection of an intake of a dose of DOC in rat urine that corresponds to a common drug user's dose. Assuming similar metabolism, the STA procedure described should be suitable as proof of an intake of DOC in human urine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg (Saar), Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Ewald
authors.forename: Dorothea
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ehlers
authors.forename: Hans H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Maurer
mesh_terms: D004290:DOM 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D015195:Drug Design; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D014116:Toxicology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004290:DOM 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine; C529482:4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine