title: Response of Listeria monocytogenes to liquid smoke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of liquid smoke on growth, survival, proteomic pattern and haemolytic potential of Listeria monocytogenes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Growth and survival curves were recorded in brain-heart infusion broth supplemented with three concentrations of liquid smoke. L. monocytogenes growth was inhibited in the presence of 15 microg ml(-1) phenol while a rapid decrease in cell viability occurred in the presence of 30 microg ml(-1) phenol. The proteome of L. monocytogenes cytosoluble proteins was slightly modified after 2-h incubation with 30 microg ml(-1) phenol but no protein already characterized in response to other known stresses was induced, except the protease ClpP. Liquid smoke inhibited the haemolytic potential without affecting hly gene expression, showing a potential inhibition of protein activity or stability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of liquid smoke in a rich medium strongly affected growth and survival of L. monocytogenes. Brief smoke stress affected the metabolic pathways and inhibited the haemolytic activity of L. monocytogenes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is a first step in the investigation of the influence of a smoked product on L. monocytogenes strains.
authors.affiliation: UMR INRA 1014 SECALIM, ENITIAA, Nantes Cedex 3, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guilbaud
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chafsey
authors.forename: M-F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Pilet
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Leroi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Prévost
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hébraud
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dousset
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D005520:Food Preservatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006461:Hemolysis; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D008461:Meat Products / Q000382:microbiology; D050296:Microbial Viability; D040901:Proteomics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012906:Smoke; D013696:Temperature; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D003470:Culture Media; D005520:Food Preservatives; D012906:Smoke