title: Preclinical studies of Apogossypolone: a new nonpeptidic pan small-molecule inhibitor of Bcl-2, Bcl-XL and Mcl-1 proteins in Follicular Small Cleaved Cell Lymphoma model.
abstract: Elevated expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins have been linked to a poor survival rate of patients with Follicular Lymphoma (FL). This prompted us to evaluate a very potent non-peptidic Small-Molecule Inhibitor (SMI) targeting Bcl-2 family proteins, Apogossypolone (ApoG2) using follicular small cleaved cell lymphoma cell line (WSU-FSCCL) and cell isolated from lymphoma patients. ApoG2 inhibited the growth of WSU-FSCCL significantly with a 50% growth inhibition of cells (IC50) of 109 nM and decreased cell number of fresh lymphoma cells. ApoG2 activated caspases-9, -3, and -8, and the cleavage of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and Apoptosis Inducing Factor (AIF). In the WSU-FSCCL-SCID xenograft model, ApoG2 showed a significant anti-lymphoma effect, with %ILS of 84% in the intravenous and 63% in intraperitoneal treated mice. These studies suggest that ApoG2 can be an effective therapeutic agent against FL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA. aarnold@med.wayne.edu
authors.forename: Alan A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Amro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aboukameel
authors.forename: Jianyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Dajun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Shaomeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ayad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Katib
authors.forename: Ramzi M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mohammad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006072:Gossypol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; D051020:bcl-X Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C579094:Mcl1 protein, mouse; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D020169:Caspases; D006072:Gossypol