title: Aggressive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma associated with prolonged voriconazole therapy in a renal transplant patient.
abstract: A 69-year-old man, with a history of end-stage renal disease due to polyarteritis nodosa, followed by invasive pulmonary aspergillosis secondary to cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids, received a renal transplant 2 years ago under prophylactic treatment with voriconazole. Because of the severity of the aspergillosis, it was decided to continue voriconazole for a prolonged period. Eighteen months after transplantation, the patient developed a severe facial phototoxic reaction. A few months later, he developed multiple actinic keratoses and a large, rapidly expanding, poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with perineural invasion and metastatic lymph nodes, necessitating radical surgery and radiotherapy. Voriconazole therapy has been suggested to be involved in the development of multi-focal invasive SCC when complicated by a phototoxic reaction. Therefore, an alternative antifungal prophylaxis regimen (for instance with posaconazole) should be considered when evaluating patients for solid organ transplantation who are at high risk for the development of cutaneous malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Heilig Hartziekenhuis Roeselare-Menen, B-8800 Roeselare, Belgium.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vanacker
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fabré
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Dorpe
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Peetermans
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maes
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000009:adverse effects*; D065819:Voriconazole
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D011743:Pyrimidines; D014230:Triazoles; D065819:Voriconazole