title: The association of myeloperoxidase promoter polymorphism with carotid atherosclerosis is abolished in patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) enhances the development of atherosclerosis and reduces the activity of the oxidative myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme. MPO gene has a functional promoter polymorphism -463G/A which leads to high- (GG) and low-expression (AG, AA) genotypes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied the association of MPO polymorphism with carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) in 198 randomly selected Finnish men of Caucasian origin, 161 non-diabetics and 37 with type 2 DM. Their carotid IMT was measured by high-resolution ultrasonography, and the overall mean IMT value was calculated. MPO genotypes were determined by the PCR-RFLP method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found significant MPO genotype-by-study-group (control/DM) interactions with the overall mean IMT and internal carotid IMT (p=0.05 and p=0.04, respectively). Among non-diabetic subjects, the overall carotid IMT was 7.3% higher in subjects with the low-activity genotype when compared to the high-activity (G/G) group. The results remained significant after adjustment for total cholesterol and smoking (p=0.015). No similar genotypic association was found for the subjects with type 2 DM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This data suggests that in subjects with normal glucose metabolism, MPO gene variation may modify the carotid artery IMT.
authors.affiliation: Tampere University Hospital, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Tampere, Finland. riikka.makela@uta.fi
authors.forename: Riikka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mäkelä
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loimaala
authors.forename: Arja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nenonen
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mercuri
authors.forename: Ilkka
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vuori
authors.forename: Heini
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huhtala
authors.forename: Pekka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oja
authors.forename: Gene
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bond
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koivula
authors.forename: Terho
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lehtimäki
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D009195:Peroxidase