title: Prothrombotic gene expression profile in vascular smooth muscle cells of human saphenous vein, but not internal mammary artery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The resistance of internal mammary artery (IMA) toward thrombotic occlusion and accelerated atherosclerosis is not well understood. This study analyzed gene expression profiles of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from IMA versus saphenous vein (SV).
  
  
  RESULTS
  54'675 probe sets were examined by Affymetrix microarrays. Thirty-one genes belonged to the coagulation system; 2 were differentially expressed, namely tissue factor (TF) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA). TF was 3.1-fold lower in IMA than SV (P=0.006), whereas tPA was 9.0-fold higher (P<0.001). TF mRNA expression was lower in IMA than SV (P<0.05); tPA was higher (P<0.001). TF protein expression was 4.2+/-0.5-fold lower in IMA than SV (P<0.001); tPA was 2.6+/-0.4-fold higher (P<0.01). In IMA VSMC supernatant, TF protein and activity was lower (P<0.05), TFPI and tPA protein higher (P<0.05 and P<0.005), and clotting time of human plasma prolonged (P<0.05) as compared to SV. Migration to TF/FVIIa (10(-9) mol/L) was 3-fold lower in IMA than SV (P=0.01); PAR-2 protein expression was similar (P=NS), PAR-2 blockade without effect (P=NS).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among the genes of the coagulation system, TF and tPA are differentially expressed in VSMCs from IMA versus SV. This is consistent with protection of IMA from thrombus formation and vascular remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research, Physiology Institute, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Payeli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Latini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gebhard
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patrignani
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Lüscher
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Tanner
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000235:genetics; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000637:transplantation; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000378:metabolism; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000637:transplantation; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000235:genetics; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000235:genetics; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous
chemical_list: D008074:Lipoproteins; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C051321:SERPINE1 protein, human; C051928:lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor; D013925:Thromboplastin; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator