title: Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of human memory B cells.
abstract: Memory B cells are more heterogeneous than previously thought. Given that B cells play powerful antibody-independent effector functions, it seems reasonable to assume division of labor between distinct memory B cells subpopulations in both protective and pathogenic immune responses. Here we review the information emerging regarding the heterogeneity of human memory B cells. A better understanding of this topic should greatly improve our ability to target specific B cell subsets either in vaccine responses or in autoimmune diseases and organ rejection among other pathological conditions where B cells play central pathogenic roles.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. ignacio_sanz@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Iñaki
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sanz
authors.forename: Chungwen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: F Eun-Hyung
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Anolik
mesh_terms: D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D018941:Antigens, CD19 / Q000276:immunology; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007072:Immunoglobulin D; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D051379:Mice; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7 / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D018941:Antigens, CD19; D015415:Biomarkers; D007072:Immunoglobulin D; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1