title: Swine workers and swine influenza virus infections.
abstract: In 2004, 803 rural Iowans from the Agricultural Health Study were enrolled in a 2-year prospective study of zoonotic influenza transmission. Demographic and occupational exposure data from enrollment, 12-month, and 24-month follow-up encounters were examined for association with evidence of previous and incident influenza virus infections. When proportional odds modeling with multivariable adjustment was used, upon enrollment, swine-exposed participants (odds ratio [OR] 54.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 13.0-232.6) and their nonswine-exposed spouses (OR 28.2, 95% CI 6.1-130.1) were found to have an increased odds of elevated antibody level to swine influenza (H1N1) virus compared with 79 nonexposed University of Iowa personnel. Further evidence of occupational swine influenza virus infections was observed through self-reported influenza-like illness data, comparisons of enrollment and follow-up serum samples, and the isolation of a reassortant swine influenza (H1N1) virus from an ill swine farmer. Study data suggest that swine workers and their nonswine-exposed spouses are at increased risk of zoonotic influenza virus infections.
authors.affiliation: University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. gregory-gray@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: Gregory C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Troy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: Ana W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Capuano
authors.forename: Sharon F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Setterquist
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Alavanja
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission; D007484:Iowa / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016017:Odds Ratio; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral