title: CDK inhibitors: cell cycle regulators and beyond.
abstract: First identified as cell cycle inhibitors mediating the growth inhibitory cues of upstream signaling pathways, the cyclin-CDK inhibitors of the Cip/Kip family p21Cip1, p27Kip1, and p57Kip2 have emerged as multifaceted proteins with functions beyond cell cycle regulation. In addition to regulating the cell cycle, Cip/Kip proteins play important roles in apoptosis, transcriptional regulation, cell fate determination, cell migration and cytoskeletal dynamics. A complex phosphorylation network modulates Cip/Kip protein functions by altering their subcellular localization, protein-protein interactions, and stability. These functions are essential for the maintenance of normal cell and tissue homeostasis, in processes ranging from embryonic development to tumor suppression.
authors.affiliation: Université de Toulouse - LBCMCP and CNRS - UMR5088, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Besson
authors.forename: Steven F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Dowdy
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002453:Cell Cycle; D050756:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D050756:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins