title: Offspring's leukocyte telomere length, paternal age, and telomere elongation in sperm.
abstract: Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a complex genetic trait. It shortens with age and is associated with a host of aging-related disorders. Recent studies have observed that offspring of older fathers have longer LTLs. We explored the relation between paternal age and offspring's LTLs in 4 different cohorts. Moreover, we examined the potential cause of the paternal age on offspring's LTL by delineating telomere parameters in sperm donors. We measured LTL by Southern blots in Caucasian men and women (n=3365), aged 18-94 years, from the Offspring of the Framingham Heart Study (Framingham Offspring), the NHLBI Family Heart Study (NHLBI-Heart), the Longitudinal Study of Aging Danish Twins (Danish Twins), and the UK Adult Twin Registry (UK Twins). Using Southern blots, Q-FISH, and flow-FISH, we also measured telomere parameters in sperm from 46 young (<30 years) and older (>50 years) donors. Paternal age had an independent effect, expressed by a longer LTL in males of the Framingham Offspring and Danish Twins, males and females of the NHLBI-Heart, and females of UK Twins. For every additional year of paternal age, LTL in offspring increased at a magnitude ranging from half to more than twice of the annual attrition in LTL with age. Moreover, sperm telomere length analyses were compatible with the emergence in older men of a subset of sperm with elongated telomeres. Paternal age exerts a considerable effect on the offspring's LTL, a phenomenon which might relate to telomere elongation in sperm from older men. The implications of this effect deserve detailed study.
authors.affiliation: The Center of Human Development and Aging, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jeresey, United States of America.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Lynn F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Cherkas
authors.forename: Bernet S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Serkalem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Demissie
authors.forename: Jacob B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hjelmborg
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brimacombe
authors.forename: Adrienne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cupples
authors.forename: Janice L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hunkin
authors.forename: Jefferey P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: Xiaobin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Xiaojian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Malinee
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sastrasinh
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Province
authors.forename: Steven C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: Kaare
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Tim D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Spector
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aviv
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D008875:Middle Aged; D010331:Paternal Age; D011247:Pregnancy; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D016615:Telomere / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure*