title: Expression of mel gene improves the UV resistance of Bacillus thuringiensis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve ultraviolet (UV) resistance of Bacillus thuringiensis for increasing the duration of the Bt product applied in the field, a genetically engineered strain Bt TD841 that produced both melanin and Cry1A protein was constructed, and its UV resistance was evaluated in the laboratory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Melanin quantitative analysis revealed that the recombinant strain Bt TD841 could synthesize 0.15 mg melanin ml(-1) sporulated culture. Atomic force microscopy confirmed the production of diamond crystal and SDS-PAGE results showed the expression of the 130 kDa Cry1A protein. Bioassay results demonstrated that the LC(50) value of Bt TD841 was 3.69 microl ml(-1) against Helicoverpa armigera and the UV resistance of this recombinant was enhanced 9.7-fold compared to its parental strain Bt HC42 after 4-h UV irradiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression of the mel gene can significantly increase UV resistance of B. thuringiensis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report on genetically engineered Bt strain with co-expression of melanin and the insecticidal crystal proteins gene, and the results may offer a practical solution for improving the photoprotection of Bt products in field application.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: J-T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: D-S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Y-J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Z-M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D003460:Crystallization; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000379:methods*; D008543:Melanins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D030781:Organisms, Genetically Modified; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004731:Endotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D008543:Melanins; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis