title: [Prevalence of undetected chronic kidney disease in dyslipidemic population treated in primary care. LIPICAP study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Information about the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in population treated in primary care (PC) is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine undetected CKD prevalence in dyslipidemic population measuring creatinine clearance according to the Cockcroft-Gault equation corrected for surface area.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study including patients with diagnosis of dyslipidemia selected by consecutive sampling in PC. CKD was diagnosed when the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. We assessed sociodemographic and clinical data, cardiovascular risk factors, coronary disease risk categories, dyslipidemia characteristics, functional CKD stage, and pharmacological treatments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sample included 5,990 patients (50.2% women). The mean (standard deviation) age was 60.9 (11.1) years. The main reason for iclusion was hypercholesterolemia (65%), followed by mixed hyperlipidemia (26.4%), low high density lipoproteins (HDL)-cholesterol (4.9%) and hypertrigliceridemia (3.7%). According to the Cockcroft-Gault equation, CKD prevalence was 16.2% (95% confidence interval, 15.3-17.1) and it was significantly higher in women (22.7%) than in men (9.8%) (p < 0.0001). Patients with CKD were older compared with patients with normal GFR, and had higher systolic blood pressure, glucose and HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001), as well as lower levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins-cholesterol, and triglycerides (p < 0.01). The probability of presenting CKD was related to female gender, age, and lower body mass index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The LIPICAP study results indicate that almost 20% of PC dyslipidemic patients in Spain present undetected CKD when the GFR is measured according to the Cockcroft-Gault equation corrected for surface area.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Salud Joaquín Benlloch, Valencia, España. jllisterric@medynet.com
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Llisterri Caro
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gorriz Teruel
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Alonso Moreno
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Manzanera Escribano
authors.forename: Gustavo C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Roca
authors.forename: Vivencio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Barrios Alonso
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lou Arnal
authors.forename: José R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Banegas Banegas
authors.forename: Arantxa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matalí Gilarranz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care