title: PIK3CA mutation status in Japanese esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A somatic mutation of the PIK3CA (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit) gene has been found in human cancer patients. However, this mutation has not yet been extensively studied in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed a mutation of the PIK3CA gene in 88 Japanese cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas that had all undergone surgery at the Department of Surgery II, Nagoya City University Medical School, between 1996 and 2003. The TE and KYSE series of cell lines are human esophageal cancer cell lines. Two PIK3CA mutation hot spots (exon 9 and exon 20) were analyzed by a real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay and the data were confirmed by direct sequencing. We performed a cell proliferation assay to determine the effects of a PI3K inhibitor LY294002.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In exon 9, a somatic mutation was found in two patients (2.2%) and in two cell lines. The mutations included three E545K (G1633A) mutations and one E545Q (G1633C) mutation. However, in exon 20, no mutation was observed in our esophageal cancer patients. PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) inhibited the growth of an esophageal cancer cell line with a PIK3CA mutation (E545K) in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found LY294002 to reduce the proliferation of the esophageal cancer cell line in vitro. Importantly, a cell line with a PIK3CA gene mutation was more susceptible to a PI3K inhibition than those without any such mutation. Further functional analyses of the PIK3CA mutations are warranted to determine whether or not they may be potentially useful targets of therapy for esophageal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery II, Nagoya City University Medical School, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryota
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishiguro
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitsui
authors.forename: Hidefumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomoda
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Takeyasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katada
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: Koshiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
chemical_list: D002867:Chromones; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009025:Morpholines; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; C484760:PIK3CA protein, human