title: Viable Newcastle disease vaccine strains in a pharmaceutical dump.
abstract: To assess the viability of discarded and buried vaccine strains, we examined vaccines that had been buried for >20 years in an industrial waste dump in the city of Milan, Italy. Viability results showed potential biological risk associated with uncontrolled burial of pharmaceutical industry waste, including some live vaccines.
authors.affiliation: University of Milan, Milan, Italy. antonella.amendolla@unimi.it
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amendola
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Canuti
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zappa
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zanoni
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koncan
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tanzi
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cornaglia
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Remo Zanetti
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tridente
mesh_terms: D008506:Medical Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D017744:Medical Waste Disposal; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012306:Risk; D013997:Time Factors; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D008506:Medical Waste; D017744:Medical Waste Disposal; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014765:Viral Vaccines