title: Decision making in interhospital transport of critically ill patients: national questionnaire survey among critical care physicians.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed the relative importance of clinical and transport-related factors in physicians' decision-making regarding the interhospital transport of critically ill patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical heads of all 95 ICUs in The Netherlands were surveyed with a questionnaire using 16 case vignettes to evaluate preferences for transportability; 78 physicians (82%) participated. The vignettes varied in eight factors with regard to severity of illness and transport conditions. Their relative weights were calculated for each level of the factors by conjoint analysis and expressed in beta. The reference value (beta = 0) was defined as the optimal conditions for critical care transport; a negative beta indicated preference against transportability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The type of escorting personnel (paramedic only: beta = -3.1) and transport facilities (standard ambulance beta = -1.21) had the greatest negative effect on preference for transportability. Determinants reflecting severity of illness were of relative minor importance (dose of noradrenaline beta = -0.6, arterial oxygenation beta = -0.8, level of peep beta = -0.6). Age, cardiac arrhythmia, and the indication for transport had no significant effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Escorting personnel and transport facilities in interhospital transport were considered as most important by intensive care physicians in determining transportability. When these factors are optimal, even severely critically ill patients are considered able to undergo transport. Further clinical research should tailor transport conditions to optimize the use of expensive resources in those inevitable road trips.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands. E.J.vanLieshout@amc.nl
authors.forename: Erik Jan
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: van Lieshout
authors.forename: Rien
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Vos
authors.forename: Jan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Binnekade
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Haan
authors.forename: Marcus J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: Margreeth B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Vroom
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D016638:Critical Illness; D003657:Decision Making; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D010360:Patient Transfer / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010820:Physicians / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires