17beta-estradiol signaling in skeletal muscle cells and its relationship to apoptosis.
17beta-estradiol exerts an antiapoptotic action in skeletal muscle cells through extranuclear ERalpha and beta. This protective action, mainly involves a non-genomic mechanism of ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt activation and BAD phosphorylation. ERbeta plays a major role in the inhibition of apoptosis by 17beta-estradiol at the level of mitochondria, whereas ERalpha and ERbeta mediate the activation of Akt to the same extent, suggesting differential involvement of ER isoforms depending on the step of the apoptotic/survival pathway involved. The myopathies associated to estrogen deficit states may be related to the mechanisms by which estrogen regulates apoptosis.
Boland
Ricardo
R
Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, 8000 Bahia Blanca, Argentina. rboland@criba.edu.ar
Vasconsuelo
Andrea
A
Milanesi
Lorena
L
Ronda
Ana C
AC
de Boland
Ana R
AR
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
D004967:Estrogens; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D004958:Estradiol; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3