title: Peripheral administration of CDP-choline, phosphocholine or choline increases plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations.
abstract: 1 Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 200-600 mumol/kg of cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) increased plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations dose- and time-dependently. 2 CDP-choline treatment caused several-fold increases in plasma concentrations of CDP-choline and its metabolites phosphocholine, choline, cytidine monophosphate (CMP) and cytidine. 3 Equivalent doses (200-600 mumol/kg; i.p.) of phosphocholine or choline, but not CMP or cytidine, increased plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline dose-dependently. 4 CDP-choline, phosphocholine and choline (600 mumol/kg; i.p.) augmented the increases in plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline in response to graded haemorrhage. 5 The increases in plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline induced by i.p. 600 mumol/kg of CDP-choline, phosphocholine or choline were abolished by pre-treatment with hexamethonium (15 mg/kg; i.p.), but not atropine (2 mg/kg; i.p.). 6 At 320-32 000 mum concentrations, choline, but not CDP-choline or phosphocholine, evoked catecholamine secretion from perfused adrenal gland. Choline (3200 mum)-induced catecholamine secretion was attenuated by the presence of 1 mum of hexamethonium or mecamylamine, but not atropine, in the perfusion medium. 7 Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of choline (0.5-1.5 mumol) also increased plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline dose- and time-dependently. Pre-treatment with mecamylamine (50 mug; i.c.v.) or hexamethonium (15 mg/kg; i.p.), but not atropine (10 mug; i.c.v.), prevented i.c.v. choline (1.5 mumol)-induced elevations in plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline. 8 It is concluded that i.p. administration of CDP-choline or its cholinergic metabolites phosphocholine and choline increases plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations by enhancing nicotinic cholinergic neurotransmission in the sympatho-adrenal system. Central choline also activates the sympatho-adrenal system by increasing central nicotinic cholinergic neurotransmission.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Uludag University Medical School, Bursa 16059, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cansev
authors.forename: Y O
authors.initials: YO
authors.lastname: Ilcol
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hamurtekin
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Ulus
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001286:Atropine Derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002794:Choline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D003562:Cytidine / Q000378:metabolism; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D003568:Cytidine Monophosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D018738:Hexamethonium / Q000494:pharmacology; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008464:Mecamylamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D010767:Phosphorylcholine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001286:Atropine Derivatives; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists; D010767:Phosphorylcholine; D018738:Hexamethonium; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; D003562:Cytidine; D008464:Mecamylamine; C006649:methylatropine; D003568:Cytidine Monophosphate; D002794:Choline; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine