title: Crocus sativus L. (saffron) in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: a double-blind, randomised and placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this double-blind and placebo-controlled trial was to investigate whether saffron (stigma of Crocus sativus L.) could relieve symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Double-blind, randomised and placebo-controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Departments of Gynaecology/Obstetrics and Psychiatry, Tehran and Zanjan University of Medical Sciences.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women aged 20-45 years with regular menstrual cycles and experience of PMS symptoms for at least 6 months were eligible for the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women were randomly assigned to receive capsule saffron 30 mg/day (15 mg twice a day; morning and evening) (group A) or capsule placebo (twice a day) for a two menstrual cycles (cycles 3 and 4).
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary outcome measure was the Daily Symptom Report, and secondary outcome measure was the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this trial, saffron was found to be effective in relieving symptoms of PMS. A significant difference was observed in efficacy of saffron in cycles 3 and 4 in the Total Premenstrual Daily Symptoms and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study indicate the efficacy of C. sativus L. in the treatment of PMS. However, a tolerable adverse effects profile of saffron may well confirm the application of saffron as an alternative treatment for PMS. These results deserved further investigations.
authors.affiliation: Infertility Center of Dr Shariati Hospital, Vali Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Agha-Hosseini
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kashani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aleyaseen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghoreishi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rahmanpour
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zarrinara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akhondzadeh
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D002214:Capsules; D027622:Crocus; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008517:Phytotherapy; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011293:Premenstrual Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D028321:Plant Preparations