title: Low-dose instillation therapy with bacille Calmette-Guérin Tokyo 172 strain after transurethral resection: historical cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness and side effects of prophylactic low-dose bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Tokyo 172 strain.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a historical cohort study to compare the clinical usefulness of standard-dose versus low-dose BCG Tokyo 172 strain. A total of 156 patients with superficial bladder cancer (Stage Ta-T1) were historically allocated to either 40 or 80 mg of BCG after transurethral resection. Of the 156 patients, 89 had received standard-dose (80 mg) BCG from 1988 to 2000 and 67 had received low-dose (40 mg) BCG from 1996 to 2005. BCG was instilled into the bladder once a week for 6 consecutive weeks. We excluded 6 patients who did not complete the BCG treatment course. The median follow-up period was 66.9 months (range 2 to 176).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumor recurrence developed in 21 (32.3%) of 65 patients in the 40-mg group and 29 (34.5%) of 85 patients in the 80-mg group. No significant difference was found in the incidence of tumor recurrence between the two groups (P = 0.6377). Tumor progression was found in 4 (6.2%) of 65 patients in 40-mg group and 9 (10.6%) of 85 patients in the 80-mg group. No significant difference was found in tumor progression between the two groups (P = 0.5010). The overall incidence of side effects and severity of pollakisuria were significantly lower in the 40-mg group than in the 80-mg group (P = 0.012 and P = 0.013, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The low-dose BCG Tokyo 172 strain achieved identical recurrence-free and progression-free survival as the standard dose with reduced toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hirosaki University of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoneyama
authors.forename: Chikara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ohyama
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishimura
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hagisawa
authors.forename: Ikuya
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Iwabuchi
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Noritaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kamimura
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koie
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamato
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001500:BCG Vaccine