Relationship between symptom change, objective tumor measurements, and performance status during chemotherapy for advanced lung cancer.
OBJECTIVE
Our objective was to identify which symptoms of advanced lung cancer are most likely to change with objective tumor measurements (progressions and responses) or changes in performance status (PS).


METHODS
Eighty patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer were studied during the first 12 weeks of chemotherapy. Symptoms were assessed weekly through telephone administration of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung Symptom Index-12. Data on PS were collected from patients every 3 weeks. Symptom reports were mapped onto clinical events (progression or response as determined by clinicians) and PS assessments.


RESULTS
Disease progression and declining PS were associated with worsening of several symptoms. Pain, shortness of breath, cough, weight loss, and appetite loss worsened most from before to after progression. Patients with an objective response to chemotherapy reported more fatigue and difficulty breathing at response than before response. However, unlike patients who experienced progression, patients responding to chemotherapy never or rarely complained of clinically significant pain, weight loss, cough, chest tightness, nausea, or confusion before, during, or after response. With the exception of bother with side effects of treatment, confusion, and difficulty breathing, symptoms tracked fairly closely over the 12 weeks with changes in PS. Declining PS was associated with considerably more symptom worsening than unchanged or improved PS, independent of treatment response.


CONCLUSIONS
These data can help the clinician identify symptoms of lung cancer most reliably associated with objective responses and perceived changes in functional status during chemotherapy. Symptom self-reports could be used by clinicians to monitor patient status and possibly inform treatment modification.
Cella
David
D
Center on Outcomes, Research, and Education, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, Illinois, Institute for Healthcare Studies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60201, USA. d-cella@northwestern.edu
Eton
David
D
Hensing
Thomas A
TA
Masters
Gregory A
GA
Parasuraman
Bhash
B
D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011788:Quality of Life