title: Heart and brain circulation and CO2 in healthy men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare blood flow response to arterial carbon dioxide tension change in the heart and brain of normal elderly men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen healthy elderly male volunteers were studied. Hypercapnea was induced by carbon dioxide inhalation and hypocapnea was induced by hyperventilation. Myocardial blood flow [mL min(-1) x (100 g of perfusable tissue)(-1)] and cerebral blood flow [mL min(-1) x (100 g of perfusable tissue)(-1)] were measured simultaneously at rest, under carbon dioxide gas inhalation and hyperventilation using the combination of two positron emission tomography scanners.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Arterial carbon dioxide tension increased significantly during carbon dioxide inhalation (43.1 +/- 2.7 mmHg, P < 0.05) and decreased significantly during hyperventilation (29.2 +/- 3.4 mmHg, P < 0.01) from baseline (40.2 +/- 2.4 mmHg). Myocardial blood flow increased significantly during hypercapnea (88.7 +/- 22.4, P < 0.01) from baseline (78.2 +/- 12.6), as did the cerebral blood flow (baseline: 39.8 +/- 5.3 vs. hypercapnea: 48.4 +/- 10.4, P < 0.05). During hypocapnea cerebral blood flow decreased significantly (27.0 +/- 6.3, P < 0.01) from baseline as did the myocardial blood flow (55.1 +/- 14.6, P < 0.01). However, normalized myocardial blood flow by cardiac workload [100 mL mmHg(-1) x (heart beat)(-1) x (gram of perfusable tissue)(-1)] was not changed from baseline (93.4 +/- 16.6) during hypercapnea (90.5 +/- 14.3) but decreased significantly from baseline during hypocapnea (64.5 +/- 18.3, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In normal elderly men, hypocapnea produces similar vasoconstriction both in the heart and brain. Mild hypercapnea increased cerebral blood flow but did not have an additional effect to dilate coronary arteries beyond the expected range in response to an increase in cardiac workload.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sanno Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan.yokochan-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kanno
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iida
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D016857:Hypocapnia / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D014661:Vasoconstriction
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide