title: Immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in intestinal type gastric carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastric cancer still represents a difficult problem in the field of oncology, in terms of morbidity and mortality. The local progression and systemic spread is significantly influenced by tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. In spite of many studies on the topic, data about the significance of growth factors in gastric cancer is controversial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of VEGF and to evaluate the relationships with the tumors stage and grade.
  
  
  METHODS
  The immunohistochemical expression of VEGF was investigated on 80 patients with intestinal type gastric carcinoma. Specimens were fixed in buffer formalin, embedded in paraffin, and sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and immunohistochemistry was performed for VEGF (clone VG-1). Evaluation was performed using the VEGF score, based on the intensity of reaction and percent of positive cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The reaction for VEGF was positive in 52 from 80 cases (70%). The final product of reaction was found in the cytoplasm of tumor cells, with granular pattern. Positive reaction was also found in eight from 28 cases with associated intestinal metaplasia, and in six from nine cases with gastric dysplasia. In the adjacent apparently normal mucosa, the reaction was positive in hyperplastic gastric pits and parietal cells. A strong correlation was found between VEGF expression and lymph node status and grade of the primary, but not with the stage of the tumor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The investigation of the immunohistochemical expression of VEGF in the intestinal type of gastric carcinoma showed positive reaction in 70% of the cases. It was demonstrated the expression of VEGF in intestinal metaplasia and gastric dysplasia, which could signify an early angiogenic switch during tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Cytology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania. raica@umft.ro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raica
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mogoantă
authors.forename: Anca Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cîmpean
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alexa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ioanovici
authors.forename: Cl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mărgăritescu
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lazăr
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Izvernariu
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A