title: Phospholipid-linked coumarin: a fluorescent probe for sensing hydroxyl radicals in lipid membranes.
abstract: A fluorescent probe, DPPEC (1,2-dipalmitoylglycerophosphorylethanolamine labeled with coumarin) was developed for detecting hydroxyl radical (*OH) in lipid membranes. The coumarin moiety contributes to the fluorescent detection of *OH and the phospholipids moiety gives a driving force to localize the probe in lipid membranes. DPPEC in liposomal membranes rapidly reacted with *OH and increased the fluorescence intensity, depending on the concentration of *OH. The increase in the fluorescence intensity induced by *OH was effectively suppressed by the addition of DMSO. The probe exhibited a higher fluorescence response to *OH over other reactive oxygen species, such as hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, alkylperoxyl radical, and hypochlorite. DPPEC would be useful as a new type of fluorescent probe that can localize in lipid membranes and detect *OH efficiently.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Nishi, Fukuoka, Japan. soh@cstf.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Soh
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Makihara
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ariyoshi
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Seto
authors.forename: Tomoharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.forename: Hizuru
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imato
mesh_terms: D003374:Coumarins / Q000737:chemistry*; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000032:analysis*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C528551:1,2-dipalmitoylglycerophosphorylethanolamine; D003374:Coumarins; D004983:Ethanolamines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008081:Liposomes; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010743:Phospholipids; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; C030123:coumarin; D005990:Glycerol