title: The extracranial-intracranial bypass trial: implications for future investigations.
abstract: The 1985 International Extracranial-Intracranial (EC-IC) Bypass Trial failed to show a surgical benefit of EC-IC bypass in patients with varying degrees of angiographic stenosis. This study was limited by the technology available at the time it was conducted. In the 20 years since, there has been considerable progress in imaging techniques that now enable the identification of a subset of stroke patients with hemodynamic ischemia. In the present study, the authors review the relevant literature and propose a reevaluation of the benefits of the EC-IC bypass procedure using these new imaging techniques. The authors reviewed the admission criteria for the EC-IC Bypass Trial in the light of more recently discovered neurovascular physiology and showed that the imaging criteria used in that trial are not physiologically adequate. A MED-LINE (1985-2007) database search for EC-IC case studies was conducted, and additional studies were identified manually by scrutinizing references from identified manuscripts, major neurosurgical journals and texts, and personal files.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Garrett
authors.forename: Ricardo J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Komotar
authors.forename: Maxwell B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Merkow
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Starke
authors.forename: Marc L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Otten
authors.forename: E Sander
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Connolly
mesh_terms: D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002548:Cerebral Revascularization; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D018579:Patient Selection; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography