title: [Periapical microleakage of root canals filled with four kinds of sealers using two obturation techniques].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the periapical microleakage of the root canals filled with four kinds of sealers using two obturation techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four extracted first maxillary premolars were randomly divided into four groups. All the root canals were prepared with Protaper rotary instruments and filled with two obturation techniques: warm vertical condensation and cold lateral condensation. Four kinds of sealers included: Cortisomol, nano-zinc oxide, Apexit and calcium hydroxide which were individually used for four groups. After the teeth were dyed for 7 days with Indian ink, dyeing lines were measured with digital camera under steromicroscope to reflect the microleakage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In cold lateral condensation groups, dyeing lines of calcium hydroxide group had an average length of (1.75+/-0.22) mm, which was significantly longer than that of Cortisomol group (1.40+/-0.15 mm) and nano-zinc oxide group [(1.56+/-0.25) mm, P<0.05], while that of Apexit group showed to be the shortest one [(1.26+/-0.21) mm, P<0.05]. Dyeing lines of each warm vertical condensation group showed similar length [(0.97+/-0.13) mm to (1.07+/-0.15) mm, P > 0.05], which were significantly shorter than that of cold lateral condensation groups (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The gradients and dosage of sealers showed significant influences on periapical microleakage of root canals filled using cold lateral condensation technique. Warm vertical condensation technique could dramatically eliminate periapical micro-leakage of root canals, irrespective of the sealers used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Special Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D012389:Root Canal Obturation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000145:classification
chemical_list: C495565:Cortisomol; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement