Cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of chlorhexidine.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of Chlorhexidine (Chx) to the odontoblast cell line MDPC-23.


METHODS
The odontoblast-like cells were seeded (30,000 cells/cm2) in 60 wells of 24-well dishes and then incubated in contact with the following experimental and control solutions: Group 1: 0.0024% Chx; Group 2: 0.004% Chx; Group 3: 0.02% Chx; Group 4: Phosphate buffer saline solution (PBS, negative control); and Group 5: 0.06% H2O2 (positive control). Cell metabolic activity was measured by MTT assay and the cell morphology was analyzed by SEM.


RESULTS
The cytotoxic effects of Chx are dose-dependent. The reduction in the cell metabolism for Groups 1, 2, and 3 was 24.8%, 29.9% and 70.8%, respectively. No statistical difference was observed between the Groups 1 and 2 in which no significant cell morphology changes occurred. Consequently, it was concluded that 0.02% Chx solution presents high cytotoxicity to the odontoblast-like cells MDPC-23. On the other hand, 0.0024% and 0.004% Chx causes slight cytopathic effects to the cultured cells.
de Souza
Lorena Brito
LB
Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo State, UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil.
de Aquino
Sabrina García
SG
de Souza
Pedro Paulo Chaves
PP
Hebling
Josimeri
J
Costa
Carlos Alberto de Souza
CA
D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D002021:Buffers; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D009804:Odontoblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002021:Buffers; D004396:Coloring Agents; D016877:Oxidants; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C022616:thiazolyl blue; D002710:Chlorhexidine