title: Pregnancy, birth, and infant health outcomes from the National Smallpox Vaccine in Pregnancy Registry, 2003-2006.
abstract: When the United States implemented civilian and military smallpox vaccination programs in 2003, the National Smallpox Vaccine in Pregnancy Registry was established to better evaluate outcomes after the inadvertent vaccination of pregnant women. Women were referred to the registry by vaccine administrators, health care providers, or state health departments or through self-referral. Registry professionals actively follow up with all enrolled women and collect data on pregnancy, birth, and infant health outcomes. As of September 2006, pregnancy outcome data were available from 376 women. Most (77%) were vaccinated near the time of conception, before results of a standard pregnancy test would have been positive. To date, outcome evaluations have not revealed higher-than-expected rates of pregnancy loss (11.9%), preterm birth (10.7%), or birth defects (2.8%), compared with those in healthy referent populations. No cases of fetal vaccinia have been identified. The Smallpox Vaccine in Pregnancy Registry continues to actively enroll women and follow infant and early-childhood health outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Defense Center for Deployment Health Research, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA. margaret.ryan@med.navy.mil
authors.forename: Margaret A K
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: Jane F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Seward
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D032541:Mass Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008889:Military Personnel; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012042:Registries; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: C078786:DryVax vaccine; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine