Personal protective equipment and antiviral drug use during hospitalization for suspected avian or pandemic influenza.
For pandemic influenza planning, realistic estimates of personal protective equipment (PPE) and antiviral medication required for hospital healthcare workers (HCWs) are vital. In this simulation study, a patient with suspected avian or pandemic influenza (API) sought treatment at 9 Australian hospital emergency departments where patient-staff interactions during the first 6 hours of hospitalization were observed. Based on World Health Organization definitions and guidelines, the mean number of "close contacts" of the API patient was 12.3 (range 6-17; 85% HCWs); mean "exposures" were 19.3 (range 15-26). Overall, 20-25 PPE sets were required per patient, with variable HCW compliance for wearing these items (93% N95 masks, 77% gowns, 83% gloves, and 73% eye protection). Up to 41% of HCW close contacts would have qualified for postexposure antiviral prophylaxis. These data indicate that many current national stockpiles of PPE and antiviral medication are likely inadequate for a pandemic.
Swaminathan
Ashwin
A
Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Martin
Rhea
R
Gamon
Sandi
S
Aboltins
Craig
C
Athan
Eugene
E
Braitberg
George
G
Catton
Michael G
MG
Cooley
Louise
L
Dwyer
Dominic E
DE
Edmonds
Deidre
D
Eisen
Damon P
DP
Hosking
Kelly
K
Hughes
Andrew J
AJ
Johnson
Paul D
PD
Maclean
Andrew V
AV
O'Reilly
Mary
M
Peters
S Erica
SE
Stuart
Rhonda L
RL
Moran
Rodney
R
Grayson
M Lindsay
ML
D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001315:Australia; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D017758:Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016544:Patient Simulation; D010564:Personnel, Hospital; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011481:Protective Clothing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care
D000998:Antiviral Agents