title: Parents' mental health after the birth of an extremely preterm child: a comparison between bereaved and non-bereaved parents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the impact of extremely preterm birth (24-26 weeks of gestation) on the mental health of parents two to six years after delivery, and to examine potential differences in post-traumatic growth between parents whose newborn infant died and those whose child survived.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 54 parents who had lost their newborn and 38 parents whose preterm child survived were assessed by questionnaires with regard to depression and anxiety (HADS) and post-traumatic growth (PTGI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neither group of parents had clinically relevant levels of depression and anxiety. Mothers showed higher levels of anxiety than fathers. Bereaved parents with no other, living child reported higher levels of depression than bereaved parents with one or more children. Mothers reported higher post-traumatic growth compared to fathers. In particular, bereaved mothers experienced the value and quality of their close social relationships more positively compared to the non-bereaved parents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the long term, bereaved and non-bereaved parents cope reasonably well with an extremely preterm birth of a child. Post-traumatic growth appears to be positively related to bereavement, particularly in mothers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland. josef.jenewein@usz.ch
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jenewein
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moergeli
authors.forename: J-C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Fauchère
authors.forename: H U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Bucher
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wittmann
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schnyder
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Büchi
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology; D001601:Bereavement; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D040921:Stress Disorders, Traumatic / Q000209:etiology; D013557:Switzerland