title: Effects of experimentally adopted sexual schemas on vaginal response and subjective sexual arousal: a comparison between women with sexual arousal disorder and sexually healthy women.
abstract: The present study evaluated and compared the effects of experimentally adopted sexual schemas on vaginal response, subjective sexual arousal, and affect in 17 women with Female Sexual Arousal Disorder (FSAD) and 17 sexually healthy women. Positive and negative cognitive schemas were presented to participants before viewing sexually explicit video segments. They were asked to temporarily adopt both schemas, and vaginal response, subjective sexual arousal, and affect were measured in each schema condition. Participants in both groups had significantly greater vaginal response and reported more subjective sexual arousal in the positive schema condition than in the negative schema condition. Sexually healthy women demonstrated significantly higher subjective sexual arousal than women with FSAD, but there were no significant group differences in vaginal response. Moreover, participants in both groups reported higher levels of Positive Affect and Vigor in the positive schema condition than in the negative schema condition but higher levels of Negative Affect, Tension-Anxiety, and Anger-Hostility in the negative schema condition than in the positive schema condition. These findings demonstrate the impact of cognitions on sexual arousal, which has important implications for addressing cognitions in the treatment of FSAD. Moreover, these findings have implications for the conceptualization of FSAD, which may be best characterized as a complex, heterogeneous cluster of symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Laura S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Middleton
authors.forename: Stephanie W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kuffel
authors.forename: Julia R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Heiman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003071:Cognition; D004882:Erotica; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007989:Libido; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010991:Plethysmography; D011594:Psychometrics; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012649:Self Concept; D020018:Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D014621:Vagina / Q000098:blood supply; D016387:Women's Health