title: A randomised, placebo-controlled study to assess the efficacy of twice-daily vardenafil in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is associated with bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and reduced patient quality of life (QoL). Phosphodiesterase (type) 5 (PDE5) inhibitors such as vardenafil are commonly used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED), but have also been shown to improve the symptoms of BPH. This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated the effects of vardenafil on LUTS and QoL in men with BPH/LUTS, with or without concomitant ED.
  
  
  METHODS
  Men aged 45-64 yr with BPH/LUTS and an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) > or =12 were randomised to receive either 10mg vardenafil or placebo twice daily. LUTS were assessed with the use of two primary efficacy parameters, IPSS score and maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), as well as postvoid residual (PVR) urine volume; ED was measured with the use of the erectile function (EF) domain score of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-EF); and QoL was assessed with the Urolifetrade mark QoL-9 questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 8 wk of treatment, there was a significant improvement in the IPSS total score in the vardenafil group compared with placebo (-5.9 and -3.6, respectively; p=0.0013). Nominally significant improvements in irritative and obstructive IPSS subscores (p=0.0017 and p=0.0081, respectively), EF (p=0.0001), and Urolife QoL-9 (p<0.0001) were also associated with vardenafil treatment. Qmax and PVR urine volume did not change significantly with treatment, although baseline values were already considered close to normal. Vardenafil was generally well tolerated, with most adverse events considered mild or moderate in severity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vardenafil treatment significantly improved LUTS, EF, and QoL in men with BPH/LUTS. Vardenafil may be considered a promising treatment option for men with symptoms secondary to BPH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany. christian.stief@med.uni-muenchen.de <christian.stief@med.uni-muenchen.de>
authors.forename: Christian G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Stief
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Porst
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Neuser
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beneke
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ulbrich
mesh_terms: D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications*; D053448:Prostatism / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D013450:Sulfones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014227:Triazines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000069058:Vardenafil Dihydrochloride
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D013450:Sulfones; D014227:Triazines; D000069058:Vardenafil Dihydrochloride