title: Effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on human pancreatic cancer cell line.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Helicobacter species has been shown to be commonly present in extragastric human organs by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To date, a few studies have reported that infection by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) was a risk factor for pancreatic malignancies, but this was not investigated very well. Therefore, we examined effects of H. pylori infection on human pancreatic cancer cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interleukin (IL)-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretions by human pancreatic cancer cells which were co-cultured with H. pylori, were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We then examined whether activities of proliferation factors nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), activator protein-1 (AP-1), and serum response element (SRE) of human pancreatic cancer cells were increased by H. pylori infection. Furthermore, we examined cytotoxin-associated gene A protein (CagA) secretion into pancreatic cancer cells using Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-8 and VEGF secretion levels and activities of proliferation factors NF-kappaB, AP-1, and SRE of human pancreatic cells increased by H. pylori infection. Moreover, CagA secretion into pancreatic cancer cells was confirmed by Western blotting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Helicobacter pylori infection of human pancreatic cells may increase malignant potential of pancreatic cells, which seems to involve the same mechanisms as in gastric cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan. takasoto@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Manabe
mesh_terms: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000032:analysis*; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D027602:Serum Response Element; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori