title: Opposite actions of hypothalamic vasopressin on circadian corticosterone rhythm in nocturnal versus diurnal species.
abstract: Relatively little is known about the function of the biological clock and its efferent pathways in diurnal species, despite the fact that its major transmitters and neuronal connections are also conserved in humans. The mammalian biological clock is located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Several lines of evidence suggest that the activity cycle of the SCN itself is similar in nocturnal and diurnal mammals. Previously, we showed that, in the rat, vasopressin (VP) derived from the SCN has a strong inhibitory effect on the release of adrenal corticosterone and is an important component in the generation of a daily rhythm in plasma corticosterone concentrations. In the present study we investigated the role of VP in the control of the daily corticosterone rhythm in a diurnal rodent, i.e. Arvicanthis ansorgei. Contrary to our previous (rat) results, VP administered to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in A. ansorgei had a stimulatory effect on the release of corticosterone. Moreover, both the morning and evening rise in corticosterone were blocked by the administration of a VP receptor antagonist. These results show that with regard to the circadian control of the corticosterone rhythm in diurnal and nocturnal rodents, temporal information is carried along the same pathway from the SCN to its target areas, but the response of the target area may be quite different. We propose that the reversed response to VP is due to a change in the phenotype of the target neurons that are contacted by the SCN efferents, i.e. glutamatergic instead of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic.
authors.affiliation: Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands. a.kalsbeek@nin.knaw.nl
authors.forename: Andries
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalsbeek
authors.forename: Linda A W
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Verhagen
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schalij
authors.forename: Ewout
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Foppen
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saboureau
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bothorel
authors.forename: Ruud M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Buijs
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pévet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000378:metabolism*; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017551:Microdialysis; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014667:Vasopressins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014667:Vasopressins; D003345:Corticosterone