title: Mouse N-acetyltransferase type 2, the homologue of human N-acetyltransferase type 1.
abstract: There is increasing evidence that human arylamine N-acetyltransferase type 1 (NAT1, EC 2.3.1.5), although first identified as a homologue of a drug-metabolising enzyme, appears to be a marker in human oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer. Mouse Nat2 is the mouse equivalent of human NAT1. The development of mouse models of breast cancer is important, and it is essential to explore the biological role of mouse Nat2. We have therefore produced mouse Nat2 as a recombinant protein and have investigated its substrate specificity profile in comparison with human NAT1. In addition, we have tested the effects of inhibitors on mouse Nat2, including compounds which are endogenous and exogenous steroids. We show that tamoxifen, genistein and diethylstilbestrol inhibit mouse Nat2. The steroid analogue, bisphenol A, also inhibits mouse Nat2 enzymic activity and is shown by NMR spectroscopy, through shifts in proton peaks, to bind close to the active site. A three-dimensional structure for human NAT1 has recently been released, and we have used this crystal structure to generate a model of the mouse Nat2 structure. We propose that a conformational change in the structure is required in order for ligands to bind to the active site of the protein.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Akane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Isaac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Westwood
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wakefield
authors.forename: Hilary
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Naixia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Kylie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Redfield
authors.forename: Edith
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006224:Cricetinae; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000502:physiology; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013379:Substrate Specificity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; C089384:N-acetyltransferase 1; C524206:Nat2 enzyme, mouse