title: HIV type 1 intersubtype recombinants during the evolution of a dual infection with subtypes B and G.
abstract: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to characterize the HIV-1 intersubtype recombinant forms generated during the follow-up of a dual natural infection with subtypes B and G. Near full-length sequences from plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) compartments were analyzed and the biological characteristics of their derived primary isolates studied. Different mutations were detected in V1, V2, and V3 sequences from primary isolates but not in sequences from plasma RNA or PBMC DNA. The HIV-1 near full-length sequence from the first collected plasma was of subtype G and the presence of subpopulations of subtypes B and G was observed with subtype-specific primers for protease and reverse transcriptase segments. Subsequent sequences from plasma, PBMCs, and primary isolates were obtained during a follow-up of 6 years; all of them were BG recombinants and showed identical intersubtype breakpoints between subtypes B and G in pol and nef. The env sequence from all primary isolates harbored a unique insert of subtype B. Specific primers for the V3 loop identified fluctuating subtype B and/or subtype G sequences either from plasma RNA or PBMC DNA.
authors.affiliation: Area de Patogenia Viral, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Nieto
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pérez-Alvarez
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ocampo
authors.forename: Gema
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Casado
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: Celia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miralles
authors.forename: Elena Vázquez
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: de Parga
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sierra
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Contreras
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nájera
mesh_terms: D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral