title: [Patch testing and nickel allergy].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of contact allergy varies between populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  857 patients were tested for contact allergy (epicutantest; patch test) at the Department of Dermatology, Stavanger University Hospital in 2001 and 2002. Finn Chambers were placed on the upper part of the back, removed after 48 hrs and read after an additional 24 hrs. Positive reactions and other variables were recorded and data were collected retrospectively from journals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common allergens were metals such as nickel (nickel chloride; 40% and nickel sulphate; 23%), cobolt (11%) and dichromate (6.5%), fragrance mix (10%) and fragrance indicators such as peru balsam (9.4%), compositae (6.1%) and colophonium 5.3%. 370 (67%) women versus 139 (45%) men were positive for at least one of the allergens in the standard series (odds ratio 2.5 CI 1.83-3.23). 149 of 341 (44%) nickel positive patients had isolated reactions to nickel chloride without reacting to nickel sulphate, while only 11 (3.2%) reacted to nickel sulphate alone. 61/93 (66%) of the cobolt sensitive patients were also sensitive for nickel sulphate (OR: 8.9 CI 5.54-14.12,), while 77 (82%) tested positive for nickel chloride (OR: 9.26 CI 5.29-16.21).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We detected a similar prevalence for common allergens as that reported from other skin departments in hospitals in Norway, but a higher average than that presented in other European studies.
authors.affiliation: Medisinsk avdeling, Stavanger universitetssjukehus, 4068 Stavanger. raso@sus.no
authors.forename: Sonali Rathour
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kroon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000009:adverse effects; D001453:Balsams / Q000009:adverse effects; D003035:Cobalt / Q000009:adverse effects; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009532:Nickel / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D010328:Patch Tests; D010476:Perfume / Q000009:adverse effects; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000009:adverse effects; D015995:Prevalence; D012116:Resins, Plant / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D001453:Balsams; D004396:Coloring Agents; D010476:Perfume; D010655:Phenylenediamines; D012116:Resins, Plant; D005557:Formaldehyde; D003035:Cobalt; D009532:Nickel; C025080:Peruvian balsam; C029728:4-phenylenediamine