title: Treatment of screened dairy manure by upflow anaerobic fixed bed reactors packed with waste tyre rubber and a combination of waste tyre rubber and zeolite: effect of the hydraulic retention time.
abstract: Two laboratory-scale anaerobic fixed bed reactors were evaluated while treating dairy manure at upflow mode and semicontinuous feeding. One reactor was packed with a combination of waste tyre rubber and zeolite (R1) while the other had only waste tyre rubber as a microorganism immobilization support (R2). Effluent quality improved when the hydraulic retention time (HRT) increased from 1.0 to 5.5 days. Higher COD, BOD5, total and volatile solids removal efficiencies were always achieved in the reactor R1. No clogging was observed during the operation period. Methane yield was also a function of the HRT and of the type of support used, and was 12.5% and 40% higher in reactor R1 than in R2 for HRTs of 5.5 and 1.0 days, respectively. The results obtained demonstrated that this type of reactor is capable of operating with dairy manure at a HRT 5 times lower than that used in a conventional reactor.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Materiales Industriales (LAMI), Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica (UNA), P.O. Box 86-3000, Heredia, Costa Rica.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Umaña
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nikolaeva
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Borja
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Raposo
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D019149:Bioreactors; D002417:Cattle; D003612:Dairying; D008372:Manure; D012408:Rubber / Q000737:chemistry*; D017641:Zeolites / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D008372:Manure; D017641:Zeolites; D012408:Rubber