title: Use of misoprostol prior to hysteroscopy in postmenopausal women: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare results of diagnostic hysteroscopy in postmenopausal women using misoprostol for cervical ripening.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial (Canadian Task Force classification Ib).
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital Barão de Lucena, Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred-twenty postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postmenopausal women received 200 microg of vaginal misoprostol or placebo before hysteroscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Variables measured were procedure time, frequency of hysteroscopy carried out in each group (misoprostol and placebo), degree of pain during procedure, need for dilation, side effects, and complications of hysteroscopy. The chi2, Fisher's exact, and Mann-Whitney tests were used and considered significant when alpha error was <5%. There were similarities between the groups in age (p = .09), body mass index (p = .55), time since menopause (p = .52), and genital bleeding (p = .52). Pain during the procedure, as measured by visual analog scale, was less severe in the misoprostol group than in the placebo group (median of 05 vs 07, p = .02), but there were similarities in duration (2.4 min vs 2.0 min, p = .3), pain during procedure and biopsy (p = .74 vs p = .19), need for dilation (p = .66), side effects, and complications. There were no differences in severity of post-procedure pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Previous use of misoprostol reduced pain severity during hysteroscopy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Maternal/Infant Health, Perbambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aurélio Ribeiro
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.forename: Aarão Mendes
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pinto-Neto
authors.forename: Melania
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amorim
authors.forename: Lúcia Helena Simões Costa
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Paiva
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scavuzzi
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schettini
mesh_terms: D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000368:Aged; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016595:Misoprostol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010120:Oxytocics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D017698:Postmenopause
chemical_list: D010120:Oxytocics; D016595:Misoprostol