title: Selection of white-rot basidiomycetes for bioconversion of mustard (Brassica compestris) straw under solid-state fermentation into energy substrate for rumen micro-organism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Selection of white-rot fungi of bio-conversion of mustard straw (MS) into feed for ruminants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mustard straw was cultured with Ganoderma applanatum, Coriolus versicolor and Phanerochaete chrysosporium for solid-state fermentation at 35 degrees C from 7 to 63 days for delignification and for 21 days to study dry matter digestibility and protein enrichment. Lignin loss in fungus cultured straw varied between 100 and 470 g kg(-1) lignin. Delignification was higher between 7 and 28 days fermentation with C. versicolor. Among the three fungi P. chrysosporium was the most effective in degrading lignin for longer fermentation. In-vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and crude protein content was higher in C. versicolor cultured straw. Large quantity of straw was cultured by C. versicolor for 21 days, for in vivo evaluation. Mean pH and metabolites of rumen fermentation were not different while, pH and volatile fatty acid increased at 6 h postfermentation on cultured straw feeding. Cultured straw fermentation increased (P = 0.001) small holotricks and reduced (P = 0.005) large holotricks population. Fungus cultures straw did not improve microbial enzyme concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coriolus versicolor and P. chrysosporium were the promising fungus for MS bio-delignification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coriolus versicolor treated MS improved dry matter digestibility and protein content.
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Nutrition, Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India. mktripathi@gmail.com
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Misra
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vaithiyanathan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Jakhmola
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D001937:Brassica / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D016798:Ciliophora / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D032902:Ganoderma / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism*; D020075:Phanerochaete / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D012417:Rumen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D008031:Lignin