title: Macular full-thickness and lamellar holes in association with type 2 idiopathic macular telangiectasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe patients with full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs) and lamellar macular holes (LMHs) in association with type 2 idiopathic macular telangiectasia (type 2 IMT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients with either FTMH or LMH and type 2 IMT were evaluated by means of optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, funduscopy, and fluorescein angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The age of the examined patients ranged from 57 to 70 years (mean 62.5+/-5.2), and best-corrected visual acuity of the affected eyes ranged from 20/50 to 20/200 (mean 20/100). All eyes showed macular abnormalities typical for nonproliferative type 2 IMT except for one eye with a proliferative disease stage. Three patients had an FTMH, one presenting with bilateral FTMH, and three had an LMH on OCT. In all cases of FTMH, the macular holes did not have elevated margins. Surgery was performed in two patients with a FTHM without subsequent functional improvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The altered foveal anatomy with progressive atrophic changes within the neurosensory retina in type 2 IMT may predispose to the development of FTMH and LMH. Type 2 IMT should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients presenting with macular holes. The association between the two may reflect alternative pathogenetic mechanisms in the development of macular holes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Charbel Issa
authors.forename: H P N
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Scholl
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gaudric
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Massin
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Kreiger
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Holz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013684:Telangiectasis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity