title: Evidence for the involvement of miRNA in redox regulated angiogenic response of human microvascular endothelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A Dicer knockdown approach was used to test the significance of miRNA in regulating the redox state and angiogenic response of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lowering of miRNA content by Dicer knockdown induced vascular endothelial growth factor expression but diminished the angiogenic response of HMECs as determined by cell migration and Matrigel tube formation. Such impairment of angiogenic response in the Matrigel was rescued by exogenous low micromolar H2O2. Dicer knockdown HMECs demonstrated lower inducible production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when activated with either phorbol ester, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, or vascular endothelial growth factor. Limiting the production of ROS by antioxidant treatment or NADPH oxidase knockdown approaches impaired angiogenic responses. Experiments to identify how ROS production is limited by Dicer knockdown identified lower expression of p47phox protein in these cells. This lowering of cellular miRNA content induced expression of the transcription factor HBP1, a suppressor transcription factor that negatively regulates p47phox expression. Knockdown of HBP1 restored the angiogenic response of miRNA-deficient HMECs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides the first evidence that redox signaling in cells is subject to regulation by miRNA. Specifically, p47phox of the NADPH oxidase complex has been identified as one target that regulates the angiogenic properties of endothelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Shani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shilo
authors.forename: Sashwati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Savita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khanna
authors.forename: Chandan K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Sen
mesh_terms: D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D011336:Probability; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014162:Transfection; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A