title: Life events in patients with vulvodynia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vulval pain, in the absence of pathology, may have a psychological basis that relates to life events. This study aimed to determine the nature of such events.
  
  
  METHODS
  Structured questionnaire about patient's symptoms and early-life events.
  
  
  METHODS
  Private practice physiotherapist specialising in pelvic floor disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with vulvodynia as their primary symptom and control patients being treated for urinary tract disorder or post-childbirth routine physiotherapy who had no vulval pain on direct questioning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaire applied to consecutive patients referred for treatment. Seventy-eight consecutive women presenting with vulvodynia (mean age 34 years, mean duration of symptoms 48 months) and 78 controls (mean age 39 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  Incidence of life events.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A similar proportion of both groups were married. Being in a new relationship (P < 0.04), adverse current or previous relationships (39 versus 9%, P < or = 0.01), parental divorce (26 versus 9%, P < or = 0.001), history of termination of pregnancy, and adverse childbirth experiences (P < 0.04) were more common in patients than in controls. A history of sexual abuse was not more common in patients with vulvodynia compared with controls (13 versus 10%, P = not significant). Lack of libido was common in patients with vulvodynia (94 versus 29%, P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adverse life experiences, including conflict, are common in women with vulvodynia. These factors may be important in mediating the genesis of pain through stress-related mechanisms. Sexual interest is diminished in these women. Sexual abuse is not a factor in most of these women. These findings have implications for treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, St Mark's Hospital, London, UK
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Plante
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kamm
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology; D017579:Domestic Violence / Q000523:psychology; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D017533:Marital Status; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology*; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D012747:Sexual Partners; D014845:Vulvar Diseases / Q000523:psychology*