Dementia and the Neurovirulence of HIV-1.
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) leads rapidly to infection of the brain and subsequent neuropsychological impairment, including subclinical impairment, minor cognitive-motor disorder, and HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD). This article reviews HAD and the factors involved in its pathogenesis; the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy; the prevalence of HIV-1 and subtypes; and the role of chemokines and cytokines as the capstones associated with neuropathology due to inflammation.
Shapshak
P
P
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Neurology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Fujimura
R K
RK
Srivastava
A
A
Goodkin
K
K