title: Using distinct molecular signatures of human monocytes and dendritic cells to predict adjuvant activity and pyrogenicity of TLR agonists.
abstract: We present a systematic study that defines molecular profiles of adjuvanticity and pyrogenicity induced by agonists of human Toll-like receptor molecules in vitro. Using P(3)CSK(4), Lipid A and Poly I:C as model adjuvants we show that all three molecules enhance the expansion of IFNgamma(+)/CD4(+) T cells from their naïve precursors following priming with allogeneic DC in vitro. In contrast, co-culture of naive CD4(+) T cells with allogeneic monocytes and TLR2/TLR4 agonists only resulted in enhanced T cell proliferation. Distinct APC molecular signatures in response to each TLR agonist underline the dual effect observed on T cell responses. Using protein and gene expression assays, we show that TNF-alpha and CXCL10 represent DC-restricted molecular signatures of TLR2/TLR4 and TLR3 activation, respectively, in sharp contrast to IL-6 produced by monocytes upon stimulation with P(3)CSK(4) and Lipid A. Furthermore, although all TLR agonists are able to up-regulate proIL-1beta specific gene in both cell types, only monocyte activation with Lipid A results in detectable IL-1beta release. These molecular profiles, provide a simple screen to select new immune enhancers of human Th1 responses suitable for clinical application.
authors.affiliation: University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Richard Kenmoe
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Kamgang
authors.forename: Inês
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: Lurdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodrigues Duarte
authors.forename: Mascia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghielmetti
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freudenberg
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dahinden
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Padovan
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008050:Lipid A / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000819:agonists* / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; C114753:CXCL10 protein, human; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008050:Lipid A; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D011070:Poly I-C