title: The effects of aminophylline on bispectral index during inhalational and total intravenous anaesthesia.
abstract: Aminophylline is usually used during anaesthesia to treat bronchospasm but recent findings suggest that it can also be used to shorten recovery time after general anaesthesia. However, it is unclear whether aminophylline shows similar properties during a steady-state phase of deep surgical anaesthesia. We therefore wanted to test the hypothesis that the administration of aminophylline leads to an increase in bispectral index as a surrogate parameter suggesting a lighter plane of anaesthesia. The study was designed as a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial with two main groups (aminophylline and placebo) and two subgroups (sevoflurane and propofol). We studied 60 patients. The injection of aminophylline 3 mg x kg(-1) was associated with significant increases in bispectral index up to 10 min after its injection, while heart rate and blood pressure did not change. It appears that aminophylline has the ability to partially antagonise the sedative effects of general anaesthetics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and General Intensive Care, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hüpfl
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schmatzer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buzath
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Burger
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hörauf
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ihra
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marhofer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nagele
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000628:Aminophylline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D000628:Aminophylline