title: Genital tuberculosis: a leading cause for infertility in women seeking assisted conception in North India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genital tuberculosis is a major cause of tubal factor infertility in developing countries. Data regarding the current prevalence of tuberculosis in the infertile population are sparse.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence of tubal factor infertility in an infertile population seeking assisted reproduction and the prevalence of genital tuberculosis in this sub-group of patients and their symptomatology.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of case records of infertile patients registered for in-vitro fertilization (IVF) between January 2007 and June 2007.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hundred and forty women with an indication for IVF were analyzed. Of these, 70 patients (50%) had tubal factor infertility. The prevalence of genital tuberculosis in tubal factor infertility was 34 out of 70 (48.5%). 82.8% of patients with tubal factor had history of prior treatment for tuberculosis. Menstrual abnormalities were seen in only 8 patients: hypomenorrhea (7) and secondary amenorrhea (1). A diagnostic hysteroscopy showed that 11 had uterine adhesions (18.9%) and 1 patient had pale endometrium. Twenty patients out of 70 cases (28.5%) showed evidence of extra genital tuberculosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genital tuberculosis is the major causative factor for severe tubal disease requiring assisted reproduction in developing countries like India.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Neeta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Gurunath
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sumana
authors.forename: Suneeta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mittal
mesh_terms: D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014384:Tuberculosis, Female Genital / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology