title: [Cholangiocarcinoma: epidemiology and global management].
abstract: METHODS
  Cholangiocarcinoma, or biliary tract tumors, are rare tumors for which survival is short, as diagnosis is often made at an advanced stage. Indeed, diagnosis remains difficult, since symptoms are often unspecific and appear at latest stages. This article presents an update of recent data and therapeutic options.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Several etiologic factors have been identified, but for most patients, none of these factors can be found. Prognosis is often poor, and remains difficult to establish because of the lack of sufficient large-scale studies looking at the impact on preexisting tumor characteristics on overall survival. Surgery remains when possible the gold standard. When tumor removal is impossible, due to a local extension, the appropriate care of patients remains to be defined. Chemotherapy has been proposed with evidence of objective response but limited data on its ability to prolong overall survival and to enhance quality of life. Active chemotherapies appear to be made from combination of an antimetabolite, such as 5-fluorouracile or gemcitabine, and a platinum drug.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the near future, indications of chemotherapy could be enlarged and targeted therapy might also be used, since several molecules have been tested in preclinical studies, and be offered to patients in clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Service interhospitalier de cancérologie Bichat-Beaujon, hôpital Beaujon, 100, boulevard du Général-Leclerc, 92118 Clichy cedex, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dreyer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Le Tourneau
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Faivre
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Degos
authors.forename: M-P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Vuillerme
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Paradis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hammel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruszniewski
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cortes
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Farges
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Belghiti
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Valla
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Raymond
mesh_terms: D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000473:pathology; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant