title: The effect of visual search efficiency on response preparation: neurophysiological evidence for discrete flow.
abstract: Most models assume that response time (RT) comprises the time required for successive processing stages, but they disagree about whether information is transmitted continuously or discretely between stages. We tested these alternative hypotheses by measuring when movement-related activity began in the frontal eye field (FEF) of macaque monkeys performing visual search. Previous work showed that RT was longer when visual neurons in FEF took longer to select the target, a finding consistent with prolonged perceptual processing during less efficient search. We now report that the buildup of saccadic movement-related activity in FEF is delayed in inefficient visual search. Variability in the delay of movement-related activity accounted for the difference in RT between search conditions and for the variability of RT within conditions. These findings provide neurophysiological support for the hypothesis that information is transmitted discretely between perceptual and response stages of processing during visual search.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Center for Integrative & Cognitive Neuroscience, and Vanderbilt Vision Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240-1103, USA. geoffrey.f.woodman@vanderbilt.edu
authors.forename: Geoffrey F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Woodman
authors.forename: Min-Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Kirk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Jeffrey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Schall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008255:Macaca radiata; D009482:Neurophysiology; D011930:Reaction Time; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception