Predictors of mortality in patients with necrotizing fasciitis.
BACKGROUND
Necrotizing fasciitis is an uncommon and life-threatening soft tissue infection with high mortality. Though early aggressive surgical intervention is important for improving survival, the impact of mortality from different microorganisms remains uncertain. Our study aims to identify the association of mortality and different microorganisms, and the positive and negative predictors of mortality in patients with necrotizing fasciitis.


METHODS
This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients admitted via the emergency department (ED) with discharged diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, code 72886). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify microbiological, clinical, and biochemical variables independently associated with the mortality of necrotizing fasciitis.


RESULTS
Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Vibrio infection, Aeromonas infection, hypotension, malignancy, and band form 10% or greater were significantly associated with increase of mortality (P < .05). They were considered as positive predictors of mortality. The presence of hemorrhagic bullae, however, was significantly associated with decrease of mortality (P < .05). It was considered as negative predictor of mortality.


CONCLUSIONS
Aeromonas infection, Vibrio infection, cancer, hypotension, and band form white blood cell count greater than 10% are independent positive predictors of mortality in patients with necrotizing fasciitis. Streptococcal and staphylococcal infections, in contrast, are not predictors of mortality. The presence of hemorrhagic bullae is an independent negative predictor of mortality. Further study should focus on the accuracy of these factors.
Hsiao
Cheng-Ting
CT
Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzih City, Chiayi County 613, Taiwan.
Weng
Hsu-Huei
HH
Yuan
Yao-Dong
YD
Chen
Chih-Tsung
CT
Chen
I-Chuan
IC
D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D019115:Fasciitis, Necrotizing / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies