title: Vibration safety limits for magnetic resonance elastography.
abstract: Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) has been demonstrated to have potential as a clinical tool for assessing the stiffness of tissue in vivo. An essential step in MRE is the generation of acoustic mechanical waves within a tissue via a coupled mechanical driver. Motivated by an increasing volume of human imaging trials using MRE, the objectives of this study were to audit the vibration amplitude of exposure for our IRB-approved human MRE studies, to compare these values to a conservative regulatory standard for vibrational exposure and to evaluate the applicability and implications of this standard for MRE. MRE displacement data were examined from 29 MRE exams, including the liver, brain, kidney, breast and skeletal muscle. Vibrational acceleration limits from a European Union directive limiting occupational exposure to whole-body and extremity vibrations (EU 2002/44/EC) were adjusted for time and frequency of exposure, converted to maximum displacement values and compared to the measured in vivo displacements. The results indicate that the vibrational amplitudes used in MRE studies are below the EU whole-body vibration limit, and the EU guidelines represent a useful standard that could be readily accepted by Institutional Review Boards to define standards for vibrational exposures for MRE studies in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Ehman
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Rossman
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kruse
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Sahakian
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Glaser
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D001940:Breast / Q000502:physiology; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004869:Equipment Safety; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000502:physiology; D009068:Movement; D014732:Vibration