title: Association of a summary index of child feeding with diet quality and growth of 6-23 months children in urban Madagascar.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The assessment of child feeding practices has received renewed attention through the development of an infant and child feeding index (ICFI). However, the advantages and shortcomings of such a summary index are still not well known. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of ICFI as an analytical tool (1) by studying its association with complementary food energy intake and mean micronutrient density adequacy (MMDA) and (2) by testing whether ICFI and its components are associated with length-for-age z-score (LAZ) of 6-23 months children in urban Madagascar.
  
  
  METHODS
  ICFI was constructed using data from questionnaires on feeding practices and quantitative 24-h recalls (n=1589). Multivariate analysis was used to control for household wealth and other confounding factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ICFI was positively correlated with complementary food energy intake (P<0.0001) and MMDA (P<0.0001). ICFI was associated with LAZ among 6-8 months children (P=0.02). For all ages combined, there was a tendency towards an association that did not reach statistical significance (P=0.08). Among feeding practices that formed ICFI, breastfeeding was associated with LAZ (P=0.03) but not in the expected direction with +0.16 z-score difference in favour of non-breast-fed children. When breastfeeding was removed and introduced separately into the multivariate model, the relationship between the modified ICFI and LAZ became significant (P=0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest that the ICFI could be a useful analytical tool, which needs however to be constructed according to its final use and which should be adapted to each context.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit 106 Nutrition, Food, Societies (WHO Collaborating Centre for Nutrition), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier Cedex 5, France. mourad.moursi@mpl.ird.fr
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Moursi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trèche
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Martin-Prével
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maire
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Delpeuch
mesh_terms: D001827:Body Height; D001942:Breast Feeding; D004032:Diet / Q000592:standards*; D002149:Energy Intake; D006128:Growth; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D008270:Madagascar; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014504:Urban Health
chemical_list: D018977:Micronutrients