Response of Listeria monocytogenes to liquid smoke.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of liquid smoke on growth, survival, proteomic pattern and haemolytic potential of Listeria monocytogenes.


RESULTS
Growth and survival curves were recorded in brain-heart infusion broth supplemented with three concentrations of liquid smoke. L. monocytogenes growth was inhibited in the presence of 15 microg ml(-1) phenol while a rapid decrease in cell viability occurred in the presence of 30 microg ml(-1) phenol. The proteome of L. monocytogenes cytosoluble proteins was slightly modified after 2-h incubation with 30 microg ml(-1) phenol but no protein already characterized in response to other known stresses was induced, except the protease ClpP. Liquid smoke inhibited the haemolytic potential without affecting hly gene expression, showing a potential inhibition of protein activity or stability.


CONCLUSIONS
The presence of liquid smoke in a rich medium strongly affected growth and survival of L. monocytogenes. Brief smoke stress affected the metabolic pathways and inhibited the haemolytic activity of L. monocytogenes.


CONCLUSIONS
This study is a first step in the investigation of the influence of a smoked product on L. monocytogenes strains.
Guilbaud
M
M
UMR INRA 1014 SECALIM, ENITIAA, Nantes Cedex 3, France.
Chafsey
I
I
Pilet
M-F
MF
Leroi
F
F
Prévost
H
H
Hébraud
M
M
Dousset
X
X
D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D005520:Food Preservatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006461:Hemolysis; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D008461:Meat Products / Q000382:microbiology; D050296:Microbial Viability; D040901:Proteomics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012906:Smoke; D013696:Temperature; D014774:Virulence
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D003470:Culture Media; D005520:Food Preservatives; D012906:Smoke