title: Antithyroperoxidase and antithyroglobulin antibodies in a five-year follow-up survey of populations with different iodine intakes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In a follow-up study, we determined the prevalence, incidence, and natural course of positive antithyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAbs) and antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs) in the general population and examined the influences of iodine intake.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted in Panshan, Zhangwu, and Huanghua, regions with mildly deficient, more than adequate, and excessive iodine intake, respectively. Of the 3761 unselected subjects who were enrolled at baseline, 3018 participated in the 5-yr follow-up study. Serum TSH, TPOAb, and TgAb levels were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among subjects in Panshan, Zhangwu, and Huanghua, the prevalence of positive TPOAbs was 11.23, 11.83 and 12.02%, respectively, whereas 11.23, 11.17, and 11.26% of subjects were TgAb positive, respectively. In the older population (> or =45 yr), TgAb-positive individuals were more frequent in Huanghua than Panshan and Zhangwu (P < 0.05). The 5-yr cumulative incidence of positive TPOAb was 2.08, 3.84, and 2.84% in Panshan, Zhangwu, and Huanghua, respectively, whereas 2.91, 3.64, and 5.07% of subjects were TgAb positive, respectively (P < 0.05), corresponding to the increase in iodine intake. Subjects who were TPOAb and/or TgAb positive at baseline developed thyroid dysfunctions more frequently than those without antibodies (14.44 vs. 3.31%, P < 0.01); their incidence of elevated TSH levels was 1.32, 8.46, and 15.38% in Panshan, Zhangwu, and Huanghua, respectively (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subjects who were TPOAb and TgAb positive at baseline developed thyroid dysfunctions more frequently than seronegative subjects. High iodine intake was a risk factor for developing hypothyroidism in antibody-positive subjects. A constant exposure to excessive iodine intake increased the incidence of positive TgAb.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, and the Institute of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, no.155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Yushu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: Zhongyan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.forename: Xiaochun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: Haixia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Chenling
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Xiaolan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jinyuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chenyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Weiping
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Teng
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase / Q000276:immunology*; D007455:Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; C006606:anti-thyroglobulin; D013972:Thyrotropin; D007455:Iodine; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase