title: Minimally invasive therapy for benign tumors of the distal third of the esophagus--a single institute's experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traditionally, the treatment of benign esophageal tumors is enucleation achieved via a thoracotomy. Since 1992, many reports of thoracoscopic and laparoscopic approaches have been published. In this paper, we present a retrospective study of 18 patients with benign distal esophageal tumors who underwent minimally invasive procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 18 patients were treated in our institute form 1994 to 2006. Tumors of the middle third were approached thoracoscopically, and laparoscopic transhiatal enucleation was performed for tumors of the lower third. One patient had associated achalasia cardia, for which a cardiomyotomy with Toupet fundoplication was also performed, and another patient underwent an esophagectomy for a large tumor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 12 males and 6 females and the average age was 59 years. The majority of the tumors were in the lower third, and the most common type of tumor was leiomyoma. Postoperative complications were recorded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Leiomyomas are the most common benign tumors and are located frequently in the middle and lower third. Based on our experience, we feel that lower esophageal tumors are best approached by a laparoscopic transhiatal route and midesophageal tumors by a right thoracoscopic approach.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minimally invasive surgery for benign esophageal tumors is ideal, reducing the morbidity of conventional methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, GEM Hospital, Coimbatore, India.
authors.forename: Chinnusamy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Palanivelu
authors.forename: Muthukumaran
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rangarajan
authors.forename: Madhupalayam Velusamy
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Madankumar
authors.forename: Suviraj J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Rangasamy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Senthilkumar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004931:Esophageal Achalasia / Q000601:surgery; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D018662:Fundoplication; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013906:Thoracoscopy