title: [The risk factors of reflux esophagitis in Shandong farmers].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the risk factors of reflux esophagitis (RE) in farmers of Shandong province.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five hundred and fifty six peasants (aged from 34 to 90 years old) were randomly selected from the rural general population in Yantai area, Shandong province. All participants received a face to face interview for relating clinical symptoms. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic and histopathologic examination were carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  101 (18.2%) patients were diagnosed endoscopically as RE. According to Los Angeles Classification system, the distribution of types was as follows: A: 36.6% (37/101), B: 56.4% (57/101), C: 3.0% (3/101), D: 4.0% (4/101). The gender (P < 0.001), age (P = 0.041), time engaged in farming (P = 0.040) of the subjects and the length from Z line to fore-tooth (P = 0.001) were correlated with the occurrence of RE. Smoking (OR 1.894, 95% CI 1.207 - 2.974), drinking strong tea (OR 2.900, 95% CI 1.651 - 5.092), using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (OR 2.159, 95% CI 1.166 - 3.997) and loose cardia (OR 13.630, 95% CI 7.37 - 25.19) were risk factors of RE. But there was no relationship between RE and the height, body weight, abdominal circumference, body mass index (BMI), alcohol drinking, special food habit and the history of diabetes, previous abdominal operation, peptic ulcer and atrophic gastritis of the subjects. H.pylori infection rate in the population was 51.3% (273/532). 37.1% (36/97) of RE patients and 54.5% (237/435) of non-RE patients were H.pylori positive (P = 0.002), OR 0.492 (95% CI 0.313 - 0.776).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Male gender, aging, shorter length from Z line to fore tooth, loose cardia and absence of H.pylori infection were correlated with RE. Smoking, drinking strong tea, NSAIDs and long time engaged in farming were risk factors of RE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li-ya
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: San-ren
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Shi-gang
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Yong-hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiu-e
authors.initials: XE
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Ling-mei
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Dong-hong
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Rong-li
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Shu-mei
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xue-fu
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000383:Agriculture; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004942:Esophagitis, Peptic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects