title: Two tomato alpha-expansins show distinct spatial and temporal expression patterns during development of nematode-induced syncytia.
abstract: Cyst nematodes induce specific syncytial feeding structures within the root which develop from an initial cell by successive incorporation of neighbouring cells through local cell wall dissolutions followed by hypertrophy of included cells. Expansins are known to induce cell wall relaxation and extension in acidic pH, and they are involved in many processes requiring wall modification from cell expansion to cell wall disassembly. We studied the expression pattern of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L., cv. Money Maker) expansins during development of syncytia induced by the potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis Woll.). Based on semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, two expansin genes, LeEXPA4 and LeEXPA5, were selected for detailed examinations because their expression was either elevated in infected roots (LeEXPA4) or specifically induced in the root upon nematode infection (LeEXPA5). Both genes have distinct spatial and temporal expression patterns that may reflect their different roles in syncytium development. LeEXPA4 transcripts were localized predominantly in parenchymatous vascular cylinder cells surrounding syncytia. This finding suggests that LeEXPA4 might be involved in cell wall disassembly or relaxation, mediating syncytium expansion and/or development of conductive tissues. By contrast, LeEXPA5 transcripts were localized in enlarging syncytial elements. Similarly, in immunogold localization experiments, polyclonal antibodies localized the LeEXPA5 protein in cell walls of syncytial elements. This expression pattern suggests that LeEXPA5 gene is specifically involved in enlargement of cells incorporated into syncytium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, Building 37, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Sylwia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fudali
authors.forename: Slawomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Janakowski
authors.forename: Miroslaw
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sobczak
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Griesser
authors.forename: Florian M W
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Grundler
authors.forename: Wladyslaw
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Golinowski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014431:Tylenchoidea / Q000472:pathogenicity*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D018744:DNA, Plant; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018749:RNA, Plant; C095825:expansin protein, plant