title: Transcriptomic dissection of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The head and neck/oral squamous cell carcinoma (HNOSCC) is a diverse group of cancers, which develop from many different anatomic sites and are associated with different risk factors and genetic characteristics. The oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is one of the most common types of HNOSCC. It is significantly more aggressive than other forms of HNOSCC, in terms of local invasion and spread. In this study, we aim to identify specific transcriptomic signatures that associated with OTSCC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genome-wide transcriptomic profiles were obtained for 53 primary OTSCCs and 22 matching normal tissues. Genes that exhibit statistically significant differences in expression between OTSCCs and normal were identified. These include up-regulated genes (MMP1, MMP10, MMP3, MMP12, PTHLH, INHBA, LAMC2, IL8, KRT17, COL1A2, IFI6, ISG15, PLAU, GREM1, MMP9, IFI44, CXCL1), and down-regulated genes (KRT4, MAL, CRNN, SCEL, CRISP3, SPINK5, CLCA4, ADH1B, P11, TGM3, RHCG, PPP1R3C, CEACAM7, HPGD, CFD, ABCA8, CLU, CYP3A5). The expressional difference of IL8 and MMP9 were further validated by real-time quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The Gene Ontology analysis suggested a number of altered biological processes in OTSCCs, including enhancements in phosphate transport, collagen catabolism, I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling cascade, extracellular matrix organization and biogenesis, chemotaxis, as well as suppressions of superoxide release, hydrogen peroxide metabolism, cellular response to hydrogen peroxide, keratinization, and keratinocyte differentiation in OTSCCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, our study provided a transcriptomic signature for OTSCC that may lead to a diagnosis or screen tool and provide the foundation for further functional validation of these specific candidate genes for OTSCC.
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Biology of Oral Diseases, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. huiye@uic.edu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Tianwei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Temam
authors.forename: Barry L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Ziober
authors.forename: Jianguang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Joel L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001483:Base Sequence; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D017931:DNA Primers; D016209:Interleukin-8; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D003094:Collagen; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9