title: The ubiquity of deception and the ethics of deceptive research.
abstract: Does the fact that deception is widely practised - even though there is a general prohibition against deception - provide insight into the ethics of deceptive methods in research, especially for social-behavioral research? I answer in the affirmative. The ubiquity of deception argument, as I will call it, points to the need for a concrete and nuanced understanding of the variety of deceptive practices, and thus promises an alternative route of analysis for why some deception may be permissible in social-behavioral research. As an alternative argument it also promises to break the stalemate that emerges in debates on the ethics of deceptive methods in social-behavioral research. In the current paper I (1) motivate and articulate the ubiquity argument in order to clarify the significance of ubiquity and discharge some initial objections. Then, on the recommendations of the ubiquity argument, I (2) highlight the importance of interpersonal relationships for understanding the ethics of deception. Following this insight I (3) provide an analysis of several features of the researcher-participant relationship relevant to the understanding of the ethics of deception in research. I then (4) conclude the argument with some recommendations for the ethical use of deceptive methods in social-behavioral research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA. bryan.benham@philosophy.utah.edu
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Benham
mesh_terms: D035841:Behavioral Research / Q000941:ethics*; D008192:Deception; D032984:Ethics, Research; D006801:Humans; D035844:Researcher-Subject Relations / Q000941:ethics*