Reciprocal binding of PARP-1 and histone H1 at promoters specifies transcriptional outcomes.
Nucleosome-binding proteins act to modulate the promoter chromatin architecture and transcription of target genes. We used genomic and gene-specific approaches to show that two such factors, histone H1 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), exhibit a reciprocal pattern of chromatin binding at many RNA polymerase II-transcribed promoters. PARP-1 was enriched and H1 was depleted at these promoters. This pattern of binding was associated with actively transcribed genes. Furthermore, we showed that PARP-1 acts to exclude H1 from a subset of PARP-1-stimulated promoters, suggesting a functional interplay between PARP-1 and H1 at the level of nucleosome binding. Thus, although H1 and PARP-1 have similar nucleosome-binding properties and effects on chromatin structure in vitro, they have distinct roles in determining gene expression outcomes in vivo.
Krishnakumar
Raga
R
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Gamble
Matthew J
MJ
Frizzell
Kristine M
KM
Berrocal
Jhoanna G
JG
Kininis
Miltiadis
M
Kraus
W Lee
WL
D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D002843:Chromatin; D006657:Histones; D009707:Nucleosomes; C499320:PARP1 protein, human; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D012319:RNA Polymerase II