title: Annual risk of tuberculosis infection in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the annual risk of tuberculosis infection (ARTI) among children attending elementary school Classes I-III in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The survey was designed to estimate ARTI among children, irrespective of BCG scar status. Fieldwork was carried out in 72 schools selected by two-stage sampling. Children were administered 2 TU of purified protein derivative RT23 with Tween 80 intradermally on the mid-anterior aspect of the left forearm. The maximum transverse diameter of induration was measured at about 72 h. Analysis was carried out among 5653 satisfactorily test-read children aged 6-9 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The estimation by mirror-image method among all children (without and with BCG scar) revealed an ARTI of between 1% and 1.3%. The estimated ARTIs among children without and with BCG scar varied between 0.8-1.3% and 0.9-1.4%, respectively, using the mirror-image method, anti-mode method and mixture model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tuberculosis control efforts need to be intensified to reduce the risk of transmission of infection.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Research, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bachtiar
authors.forename: T Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Miko
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Machmud
authors.lastname: Besral
authors.lastname: Yudarini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Basri
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Chadha
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Loprang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Manissero
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Palupi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jitendra
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000293:Adolescent; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001500:BCG Vaccine