title: Guar meal diets as an alternative approach to inducing molt and improving Salmonella enteritidis resistance in late-phase laying hens.
abstract: Induced molting of laying hens is a practice used by commercial egg producers to increase the productive lifetime of their flock. However, the conventional method of inducing molt, which involves removal of feed, water, or both as well as a reduction in photoperiod to less than a natural day has drawn criticism due to animal welfare and food safety concerns. The objective of this study was to explore the efficacy of diets containing high levels of guar meal (GM) in inducing molt and reducing susceptibility to Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in late-phase laying hens. Late-phase (68 wk old) Lohmann laying hens were either full-fed standard laying hen diets (nonmolted control), induced to molt by feed withdrawal, or full-fed standard laying hen diets containing 20% GM with or without 250 units/kg of mannanase Hemicell supplementation. On the fourth day of treatment, all hens were orally challenged with SE (1.65 x 10(7) cfu). Hens were killed and evaluated for Salmonella colonization and differences in organ weights 5 d postinoculation. Salmonella Enteritidis present in crop, liver, ovary, and cecal contents were significantly reduced by feeding GM with enzyme supplementation compared with feed withdrawal hens. No significant differences were observed in reproductive tract weights of molted groups, although a difference in liver weight was detected. Results indicate that feeding diets containing 20% GM are as effective as complete feed withdrawal with respect to inducing molt with the added benefit of improved resistance to Salmonella Enteritidis colonization and translocation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2472, USA. ogutierrez@tamu.edu
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gutierrez
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Caldwell
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Cartwright
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bailey
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D018988:Bacterial Translocation; D002432:Cecum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000382:microbiology; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D003426:Crop, Avian / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000382:microbiology; D031293:Cyamopsis; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D005508:Food Deprivation; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000382:microbiology; D018978:Molting / Q000502:physiology*; D009929:Organ Size; D010053:Ovary / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000382:microbiology; D017440:Photoperiod; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011897:Random Allocation; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000472:pathogenicity*