title: Neutron activation analysis and X-ray Rayleigh and Raman scattering of hair and nail clippings as noninvasive bioindicators for Cu liver status in Labrador Retrievers.
abstract: The heritability of chronic hepatitis in the Labrador Retriever is studied with the aim of identifying the related gene mutation. Identification of cases and controls is largely based on instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) Cu determination in liver biopsies. The burden for these companion animals may be reduced if nail clippings and hair (fur) could serve as a noninvasive indicator for the hepatic Cu concentrations. No correlation was found between hepatic Cu concentrations and Cu concentrations in hair and nail samples. However, hair and nail samples were also analyzed by X-ray tube excitation, taking advantage of the X-ray Compton, Rayleigh, and Raman scattering which reflects the organic components such as the type of melanin. Principal component analysis provided first indications that some differentiation between healthy and sick dogs could indeed be obtained from hair and nail analysis.
authors.affiliation: Reactor Institute Delft, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Radiation, Radionuclides and Reactors, Section of Radiation and Isotopes for Health, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629JB, Delft, The Netherlands. p.bode@tudelft.nl
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bode
authors.forename: Maria Izabel Maretti Silveira
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.forename: Gisele G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Bortoleto
authors.forename: Gaby
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Ted S G A M
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: van den Ingh
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rothuizen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy; D003116:Color; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D004285:Dogs / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006724:Hoof and Claw / Q000737:chemistry*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008543:Melanins / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009502:Neutrons; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D008543:Melanins; C016042:phaeomelanin; C041877:eumelanin; D003300:Copper