Closed loop stimulation and accelerometer-based rate adaptation: results of the PROVIDE study.
OBJECTIVE
We compared pacing rate adaptation based on closed loop stimulation (CLS) or accelerometer sensor (AS) during acute mental and physical stress in the same patient.


RESULTS
One month after Protos (Biotronik, Germany) pacemaker implantation, 131 chronotropically incompetent patients were randomized to AS or CLS for 3 months with crossover. Arithmetic and 6 min walk tests were performed in the non-rate-adaptive mode and AS and CLS rate-adaptive modes, respectively. At the end, patients had to select the individually preferred pacemaker sensor. Heart rate during mental stress was higher (3.0 +/- 9.2 bpm) in the CLS than in the AS mode (P = 0.004). Benefit in the walking distance compared with non-rate-adaptive pacing was similar for the two modes: added 27 +/- 96 m (AS, P = 0.013) and 30 +/- 116 m (CLS, P = 0.025). At the end of the walk, heart rate was higher by 4.8 +/- 21.4 bpm in AS than in CLS (P = 0.049). Twice as many patients preferred CLS over AS (P < 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
The arithmetic test was associated with a significantly higher heart rate for CLS than for AS, showing a greater sensitivity of CLS-based rate adaptation to mental stress. Performance during physical stress was comparable. Patients preferred CLS.
Coenen
Martin
M
Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. mcoenen@uhbs.ch
Malinowski
Klaus
K
Spitzer
Wilhelm
W
Schuchert
Andreas
A
Schmitz
Dietmar
D
Anelli-Monti
Michael
M
Maier
Sebastian K G
SK
Estlinbaum
Werner
W
Bauer
Alexander
A
Muehling
Holger
H
Kalscheur
Franz
F
Puerner
Klaus
K
Boergel
Jan
J
Osswald
Stefan
S
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies