title: A randomized controlled trial of 2 methods of immobilizing torus fractures of the distal forearm.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Immobilization of torus fractures of the distal forearm, for 1 to 4 weeks in a slab, cast, or splint, produces good radiological and functional outcomes. This study assesses the pain associated with 2 forms of immobilization used for these injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled trial comparing fiberglass volar slab and encircling plaster-of-paris cast was conducted at a children's hospital emergency department. Patients presenting with torus fractures of the distal forearm were enrolled and reviewed after 2 weeks of immobilization. A daily questionnaire was used during immobilization to assess pain, satisfaction, and activity state of the child.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adequate data were available for 42 participants in each group. Immobilization in a volar slab was associated with the following: increased duration of pain, with a median of 6.0 days (interquartile range [IQR] 2.0-11.0) versus 3.0 days (2.0-5.0) P = 0.009, and an increased time to resumption of normal activity at 2 weeks 67% versus 95%, P = 0.001. Average daily pain severity was similar in the 2 groups (35 mm on visual analogue scale [VAS] for the cast group vs. 39 mm for the slab group), P = 0.48. Stratified analysis showed pain on enrollment of greater than 50 mm on VAS, which was a strong association for longer duration of pain in both groups, P < 0.001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of a slab may increase the duration of pain, especially in patients who had more severe pain at presentation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. ed.oakley@rch.org.au
authors.forename: Edward A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Oakley
authors.forename: Keat S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.forename: Peter L J
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Barnett
mesh_terms: D000041:Absenteeism; D000293:Adolescent; D002370:Casts, Surgical; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011885:Radius Fractures / Q000628:therapy*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013165:Splints; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014458:Ulna Fractures / Q000628:therapy*; D014954:Wrist Injuries / Q000628:therapy