title: Early individual differences in temperamental reactivity and regulation: implications for effortful control in early childhood.
abstract: This longitudinal study tested the hypothesis that early temperament is associated with later effortful control. Fear reactivity and object orientation was assessed in a sample of 53 children at 8, 12, and 16 months during a stranger-approach paradigm and at 4.5 or 5.5 years on a battery of effortful control tasks. A latent growth curve analysis was used to model change in reactivity and object orientation across infancy and the prediction of each on later effortful control. Infants who increased in fear reactivity were significantly more likely to show poor performance on effortful control tasks in early childhood. Findings are discussed with respect to the importance of examining early temperamental precursors that contribute to the development of regulation.
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States. ashlynn@email.unc.edu
authors.forename: Ashley L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hill-Soderlund
authors.forename: Julia M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Braungart-Rieker
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology; D000367:Age Factors; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D007223:Infant; D018730:Infant Behavior / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D013694:Temperament / Q000502:physiology