title: Polymorphisms in the promoter region of the porcine antiviral MX1 and MX2 genes.
abstract: The porcine MX1 and MX2 promoters were characterized in this study. Sequencing of the 332-bp MX1 promoter region identified 15 substitutions and insertions at three positions in 21 pigs from 15 breeds, in which nine genotypes were classified. Among the nine genotypes, no statistically significant differences in the promoter activities were observed after interferon (IFN-alpha 2b) treatment of transiently transfected cells containing constructs with luciferase reporter plasmids. The 341-bp MX2 promoter region contained regulatory sequences for ISRE, GC box, Sp1 and AP-1, as well as a TATA box. Nucleotide sequences of the MX2 promoter region revealed four substitutions and one deletion, in which six genotypes were classified. Among the six genotypes, a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) in MX2 promoter activities after IFN-alpha 2b treatment was detected in transiently transfected cells.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tungtrakoolsub
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morozumi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamasima
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D018374:LLC-PK1 Cells; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D013045:Species Specificity; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D013552:Swine / Q000235:genetics*; D013556:Swine, Miniature / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004247:DNA; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins