title: Mental stress and trapezius muscle activation under psychomotor challenge: a focus on EMG gaps during computer work.
abstract: Momentary reductions in the electrical activity of working muscles (EMG gaps) contribute to the explanation for the relationship between psychosocial stress and musculoskeletal problems in computer work. EMG activity and gaps in the left and right trapezii were monitored in 23 participants under low and high mental workload (LMW and HMW) demands during computer data entry. Increases in EMG activity and decreases in EMG-gap frequencies in both left and right trapezius muscles were greater during HMW than LMW. In addition, heart period and end-tidal CO2 were lower during HMW, whereas self-reported mood states were higher during HMW. The correspondence between lower end-tidal CO2 and lower EMG-gap frequencies suggests that hyperventilation (overbreathing) may mediate trapezius muscle activation. The reduction of EMG gaps suggests that the salutary benefits of momentary rest from musculoskeletal work are diminished during mental stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland College Park School of Public Health, College Park, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Lawrence M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Schleifer
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Spalding
authors.forename: Scott E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kerick
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cram
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ley
authors.forename: Bradley D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Hatfield
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D003201:Computers; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide