title: Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor is an inducible antimicrobial peptide expressed in Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the presence of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), a cationic peptide with antimicrobial and antiprotease activity, in the innate ocular immune reaction in a rat model of Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-five female Lewis rats were divided into three groups: the endophthalmitis group received an intravitreal injection of 65 colony-forming units of viable S. aureus, the vehicle-injected group received balanced sterile saline solution (BSS), and the control group was not injected. Eyes were enucleated at 24 and 48 hours and processed for immunohistochemical staining and Western blot studies for SLPI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In S. aureus endophthalmitis eyes, there was strong immunostaining for SLPI in the retina and vitreous with associated neutrophilic infiltrates. At 48 hours, corneas also stained for SLPI. Western blots confirmed increased SLPI expression in all infected eyes. By immunohistochemical assays, SLPI was absent in the BSS and control eyes. The causative pathogen was identified in all samples from the endophthalmitis group by traditional culture methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this report is the first to demonstrate the presence of SLPI in the inflamed cornea, vitreous, and retina tissues of rat eyes with S. aureus endophthalmitis, suggesting that SLPI has an active role in the innate immunity of the eye. Release of SLPI by inflammatory cells in the anterior and posterior segments may contribute to the host defense response against infectious endophthalmitis.
authors.affiliation: Cornea and External Eye Diseases Lab, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Cordoba, Cordoba 5021, Argentina. victor-reviglio@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Victor E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Reviglio
authors.forename: Ruben H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Sambuelli
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olmedo
authors.forename: Micaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Falco
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Echenique
authors.forename: Terrence P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: Irene C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005123:Eye / Q000201:enzymology / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D053481:Secretory Leukocyte Peptidase Inhibitor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000201:enzymology*; D013234:Stem Cells; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D053481:Secretory Leukocyte Peptidase Inhibitor