title: A comparison of dynamic transperineal ultrasound (DTP-US) with dynamic evacuation proctography (DEP) in the diagnosis of cul de sac hernia (enterocele) in patients with evacuatory dysfunction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cul-de-sac hernias (enterocele and peritoneocele) are difficult to diagnose in patients presenting with primary evacuatory difficulty. Failure to recognize their presence in patients undergoing surgery may lead to poor functional outcome. Accurate diagnosis requires specialized investigation including dynamic evacuation proctography (DEP) or dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Recently, dynamic transperineal ultrasonography (DTP-US) has been used for this purpose. This study compares DEP with DTP-US for the diagnosis of cul-de-sac hernias in those patients presenting with evacuatory dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two female patients with chronically obstructed defecation underwent blinded clinical, DEP, and DTP-US assessment to define the accuracy of diagnosis of cul-de-sac hernias.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the DEP and the DTP-US techniques show concordance for the diagnosis of cul-de-sac hernias in an unselected patient cohort. Patients in both groups have the same duration of constipation with a greater likelihood of prior hysterectomy in those with cul-de-sac hernias. The diagnosis was established separately by DEP in 88% and in 82% of the cases by DTP-US. Transperineal sonography is discordant with DEP in 45% of cases once the diagnosis of cul-de-sac hernia is made, over the contents of the hernia and over the degree of transvaginal enterocele descent, where DTP-US tends to upgrade enterocele severity. Both techniques confirm the high incidence of concomitant pelvic floor compartment pathology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both methods have accuracy for the diagnosis of cul-de-sac hernias in those patients presenting with evacuatory difficulty. Transperineal sonography tends to more readily diagnose peritoneocele and to upgrade enterocele extent. As an office procedure, it is a valuable adjunct to the clinical examination in the diagnosis of cul-de-sac hernia.
authors.affiliation: Department Gastroenterology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel. marcobg7@gmail.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beer-Gabel
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Assoulin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amitai
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bardan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003248:Constipation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D019841:Defecography; D004312:Douglas' Pouch / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006547:Hernia / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000503:physiopathology; D010502:Perineum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography