title: Neighborhood disadvantage: pathways of effects for young children.
abstract: The present study used Canadian National Longitudinal data to examine a model of the mechanisms through which the effects of neighborhood socioeconomic conditions impact young children's verbal and behavioral outcomes (N= 3,528; M age = 5.05 years, SD= 0.86). Integrating elements of social disorganization theory and family stress models, and results from structural equation models suggest that both neighborhood and family mechanisms played an important role in the transmission of neighborhood socioeconomic effects. Neighborhood disadvantage manifested its effect via lower neighborhood cohesion, which was associated with maternal depression and family dysfunction. These processes were, in turn, related to less consistent, less stimulating, and more punitive parenting behaviors, and ultimately, poorer child outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Information and Research Division, Statistics Canada, 24 R.H. Coats Building, 100 Tunney's Pasture Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A-0T6. dafna.kohen@statcan.ca
authors.forename: Dafna E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Kohen
authors.forename: Tama
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leventhal
authors.forename: V Susan
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Dahinten
authors.forename: Cameron N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: McIntosh
mesh_terms: D000850:Anomie; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004522:Educational Status; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D010553:Personality Development; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012919:Social Behavior; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications