title: A novel histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8)-specific inhibitor PCI-34051 induces apoptosis in T-cell lymphomas.
abstract: We have developed a potent, histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8)-specific inhibitor PCI-34051 with >200-fold selectivity over the other HDAC isoforms. PCI-34051 induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in cell lines derived from T-cell lymphomas or leukemias, but not in other hematopoietic or solid tumor lines. Unlike broad-spectrum HDAC inhibitors, PCI-34051 does not cause detectable histone or tubulin acetylation. Cells defective in T-cell receptor signaling were still sensitive to PCI-34051-induced apoptosis, whereas a phospholipase C-gamma1 (PLCgamma1)-defective line was resistant. Jurkat cells showed a dose-dependent decrease in PCI-34051-induced apoptosis upon treatment with a PLC inhibitor U73122, but not with an inactive analog. We found that rapid intracellular calcium mobilization from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and later cytochrome c release from mitochondria are essential for the apoptotic mechanism. The rapid Ca(2+) flux was dependent on PCI-34051 concentration, and was blocked by the PLC inhibitor U73122. Further, apoptosis was blocked by Ca(2+) chelators (BAPTA) and enhanced by Ca(2+) effectors (thapsigargin), supporting this model. These studies show that HDAC8-selective inhibitors have a unique mechanism of action involving PLCgamma1 activation and calcium-induced apoptosis, and could offer benefits including a greater therapeutic index for treating T-cell malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, Pharmacyclics Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94085, USA. sriram@pcyc.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balasubramanian
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sirisawad
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Verner
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Buggy
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D007211:Indoles; C529435:PCI 34051; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma; C409470:HDAC8 protein, human; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D002118:Calcium