Development and physiological regulation of intestinal lipid absorption. III. Intestinal transporters and cholesterol absorption.
Intestinal cholesterol absorption is modulated by transport proteins in enterocytes. Cholesterol uptake from intestinal lumen requires several proteins on apical brush-border membranes, including Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1), scavenger receptor B-I, and CD36, whereas two ATP-binding cassette half transporters, ABCG5 and ABCG8, on apical membranes work together for cholesterol efflux back to the intestinal lumen to limit cholesterol absorption. NPC1L1 is essential for cholesterol absorption, but its function as a cell surface transporter or an intracellular cholesterol transport protein needs clarification. Another ATP transporter, ABCA1, is present in the basolateral membrane to mediate HDL secretion from enterocytes.
Hui
David Y
DY
Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Genome Research Institute, Univ. of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 2120 E. Galbraith Rd., Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA. huidy@email.uc.edu
Labonté
Eric D
ED
Howles
Philip N
PN
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001384:Azetidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D000069438:Ezetimibe; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051122:Scavenger Receptors, Class B / Q000378:metabolism
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D001384:Azetidines; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C410800:NPC1L1 protein, human; C495124:SCARB1 protein, human; C454739:Scarb1 protein, mouse; D051122:Scavenger Receptors, Class B; D002784:Cholesterol; D000069438:Ezetimibe