title: Detection of Plasmodium falciparum derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor homologue in the sera of malaria patients.
abstract: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor homologues have been identified from several genera of parasites, including Plasmodium, and have shown some functional similarities to the host molecule. It was hypothesized that MIF molecules can act as a regulator in host-parasite interaction in favor of parasites survival during malaria infection. Although there has been some progress in recent studies, the biological function of the malaria parasite-derived MIF is still far from clear. In this study, cDNA of Pfmif was synthesized from mRNA of Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain and the recombinant protein was generated and analyzed for both enzymatic and chemotactic activities. The Plasmodium-derived MIF homologue molecules are conservative both inter-strain and interspecies. And all the sequences of them have typical structure of CC chemokine family: CC-C-C. PfMIF was proved to have chemotactic activity on human monocytes, which was similar to human-derived MIF, but at lower concentration than the latter. Meanwhile, the proline at position 2 was confirmed to be important for its tautomerase activity. With specific monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, we demonstrated the release of PfMIF from cultured parasite-infected erythrocytes and the secretion of it from transfected eukaryotic cells in vitro, and more importantly, we found the existence of parasite derived MIF homologue in the sera of the patients infected by P. falciparum. These results will contribute to the understanding of the parasite-derived MIFs role during malaria infection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences/Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5# Dong Dan San Tiao, Room 522, Beijing 100005, China.
authors.forename: Dingding
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Zhifu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yahui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Lianhui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Manling
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Yongqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008288:Malaria / Q000276:immunology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D010667:Phenylpyruvic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D010667:Phenylpyruvic Acids; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C010590:4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C022346:phenylpyruvate tautomerase