title: A comparative study of standard ERCP catheter and hydrophilic guide wire in the selective cannulation of the common bile duct.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Deep cannulation of the common bile duct (CBD) is paramount for the success of endoscopic biliary intervention. The aim of the present study was to compare standard ERCP catheter and hydrophilic guide wire (HGW) in the selective cannulation of the CBD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 332 patients were randomly assigned to cannulation with a standard catheter (n = 165) or a HGW (n = 167). If cannulation had not succeeded after 10 minutes with the technique assigned at randomization, a further attempt was made for an additional 10 minutes using the alternative technique. The following were assessed: primary and overall selective cannulation, time to cholangiography, number of pancreatic opacifications and guide-wire pancreatic duct insertions, and complication rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The primary success rate of selective CBD cannulation was higher in the HGW (81.4 %) than in the standard catheter group (53.9 %; P < 0.001). The overall cannulation rate after crossover was comparable between the two groups (standard catheter 84 % vs. HGW 83.8 %; P = 0.19). Time required for primary selective CBD cannulation was 3.53 +/- 0.32 minutes in the standard catheter vs. 4.48 +/- 0.32 minutes in the HGW group ( P = 0.04), and the number of insertions of the guide wire into the pancreatic duct was 3.29 +/- 0.47 in the standard catheter vs. 2.7 +/- 0.21 in the HGW group ( P = 0.22). Pancreatic opacifications occurred 3.19 +/- 0.20 times in the standard catheter vs. 1.50 +/- 0.22 times in the HGW group ( P < 0.001). Precut techniques were used in 56 patients (16.9 %) (n = 31 in the standard catheter vs. n = 25 in the HGW group; P = 0.07). The frequency of postinterventional pancreatitis and hemorrhage did not differ between the two groups. A young woman developed post-ERCP hemolytic crisis due to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. There was no procedure-related mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of HGW, as primary technique or as a secondary technique after failure of cannulation with a standard catheter, achieves a high rate of selective CBD cannulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endoscopy and Motility Unit, Central Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Katsinelos
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paroutoglou
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kountouras
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chatzimavroudis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zavos
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pilpilidis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tzelas
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tzovaras
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001660:Biliary Tract Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000379:methods*; D003135:Common Bile Duct; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome