title: Do TNFA -308 G/A and IL6 -174 G/C gene polymorphisms modulate risk of gallbladder cancer in the north Indian population?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is highly aggressive neoplasm which arises in the background of gall stones and inflammation. GBC affects women 2-3 times more frequently than men. Pro-inflammatory TNFA and IL6 gene polymorphism has been associated with various inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether TNFA -308 (G/A) and IL6 -174 G/C polymorphisms within flanking region of the genes are associated with GBC susceptibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  The promoter polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-RFLP in 200 healthy subjects and 124 GBC patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Frequency distribution of TNFA -308 (G/A) and IL6 -174 G/C were not significantly different in GBC patients in comparison to healthy controls. However, frequency of TNFA -308 (G/A) polymorphism in female GBC patients without gallstone were significantly different (p-value= 0.006) when compared to healthy female subjects (OR=3.054; 95% CI=1.39-6.72).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that TNFA -308 (G/A) polymorphism may influence the susceptibility of female gender gallbladder cancer in absence of gallstones while IL6 -174 G/C polymorphism does not seem to be playing significant role in the susceptibility to gallbladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medica Sciences, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vishnoi
authors.forename: Sachchida Nand
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: Gourdas
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Choudhury
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Dinesh Raj
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Modi
authors.forename: Balraj
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mittal
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha