title: [Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme genotype on endothelial function in healthy subjects].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endothelial dysfunction is an early marker of atherosclerosis. Angiotensin II and nitric oxide have important roles in maintaining the vascular tone. The existence of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms has been known, and deletion (D) of the allele has been associated with coronary artery disease. As ACE genotype affects endothelial functions in the patients with risk factors for coronary artery disease, it may also be a determinant of atherosclerosis. In this study, the relationship between endothelial function and ACE gene polymorphisms was investigated in healthy young subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-six healthy young subjects were included in this cross-sectional, randomized study. Participants were further divided into three groups according with ACE genotypes: DD genotype--24 subjects, DI genotype--13 subjects and II genotype--9 subjects. All patients underwent brachial artery ultrasonographic examination. We analyzed ACE insertion (I) and D allele frequencies in all subjects. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare continuous variables, and the Chi-square test was used to compare proportions among groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Demographic features were similar except gender between the groups according to the ACE genotypes. Total cholesterol levels were lower in the DD genotype comparing with the others (p<0.05). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, baseline brachial artery diameter, baseline blood flow and the increase in the blood flow during the reactive hyperemia were also similar. The changes in flow-mediated dilatation (endothelium dependent) were 4.9+/-1.3% in DD genotype, 5.5+/-1.7% in DI genotype and 5.5+/-1.9% in II genotype groups. Flow mediated dilatation was lower in DD genotype group as compared with ID and II genotype groups, however, this result did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05). Endothelium independent dilatations were similar among different ACE genotypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data showed that ACE genotype has no effect on endothelial functions in patients without risk factors for coronary artery disease.
authors.affiliation: Pamukkale Universitesi Tip Fakültesi Kardiyoloji Anabilim Dali, Denizli, Türkiye.
authors.forename: Halil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanriverdi
authors.forename: Harun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Evrengül
authors.forename: Dursun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dursunoğlu
authors.forename: Nurullah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tüzün
authors.forename: Sebahat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Turgut
authors.forename: Günfer
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Turgut
authors.forename: Seyhan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanriverdi
authors.forename: Doğu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kiliç
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiliç
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008297:Male; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D002784:Cholesterol; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A