title: The growing VAO flavoprotein family.
abstract: The VAO flavoprotein family is a rapidly growing family of oxidoreductases that favor the covalent binding of the FAD cofactor. In this review we report on the catalytic properties of some newly discovered VAO family members and their mode of flavin binding. Covalent binding of the flavin is a self-catalytic post-translational modification primarily taking place in oxidases. Covalent flavinylation increases the redox potential of the cofactor and thus its oxidation power. Recent findings have revealed that some members of the VAO family anchor the flavin via a dual covalent linkage (6-S-cysteinyl-8alpha-N1-histidyl FAD). Some VAO-type aldonolactone oxidoreductases favor the non-covalent binding of the flavin cofactor. These enzymes act as dehydrogenases, using cytochrome c as electron acceptor.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nicole G H
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Leferink
authors.forename: Dominic P H M
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Heuts
authors.forename: Marco W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Fraaije
authors.forename: Willem J H
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: van Berkel
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites; D002384:Catalysis; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide / Q000378:metabolism; D005415:Flavins / Q000378:metabolism; D005420:Flavoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D011485:Protein Binding; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D005415:Flavins; D005420:Flavoproteins; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; D045304:Cytochromes c; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C076865:vanillyl-alcohol oxidase; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; C093910:galactonolactone dehydrogenase