title: Fabrication of TiO2-coated epoxy replicas with identical dual-type surface topographies used in cell culture assays.
abstract: The goal of this study was to reproducibly generate samples with complex surface topographies and chemistries identical to a "master surface" and to test their response in cell culture using rat calvarial cells. Negative replicas of dual-type topography were fabricated using dental impression material with half of the surface exhibiting smooth and rough topography, respectively. Positive epoxy resin replicas were cast from the same negative replica eight times consecutively and coated with a 60-nm thin film of titanium dioxide using a vapor deposition technique. Atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal white light microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that TiO(2)-coated epoxy replicas had surface topographical features and surface compositions nearly indistinguishable from the original titanium master surfaces. The described technique showed high reproducibility over at least eight generations of replication using the same negative replica. Rat calvarial osteoblasts proliferated just as well on dual topography surfaces as on single topography surfaces. The advantage of the dual-type substrates is that they facilitate comparison within a single culture dish, thus eliminating dish-to-dish variation as well as saving material, time and costs compared to the usual method of evaluating surfaces in separate dishes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schuler
authors.forename: Tobias P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Kunzler
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Wild
authors.forename: Christoph M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Sprecher
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Trentin
authors.forename: Donald M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Brunette
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Textor
authors.forename: Samuele G P
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Tosatti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D051381:Rats; D012886:Skull / Q000166:cytology; D013499:Surface Properties; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004853:Epoxy Resins; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium