title: Histidine-alpha143 assists 1,2-hydroxyl group migration and protects radical intermediates in coenzyme B12-dependent diol dehydratase.
abstract: Diol dehydratase of Klebsiella oxytoca contains an essential histidine residue. Its X-ray structure revealed that the migrating hydroxyl group on C2 of substrate is hydrogen-bonded to Hisalpha143. Mutant enzymes in which Hisalpha143 was mutated to another amino acid residue were expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and examined for enzymatic activity. The Halpha143Q mutant was 34% as active as the wild-type enzyme. Halpha143A and Halpha143L showed only a trace of activity. Kinetic analyses indicated that the hydrogen bonding interaction between the hydroxyl group on C2 of substrate and the side chain of residue alpha143 is important not only for catalysis but also for protecting radical intermediates. Halpha143E and Halpha143K that did not exist as (alphabetagamma) 2 complexes were inactive. The deuterium kinetic isotope effect on the overall reaction suggested that a hydrogen abstraction step is fully rate-determining for the wild type and Halpha143Q and partially rate-determining for Halpha143A. The preference for substrate enantiomers was reversed by the Halpha143Q mutation in both substrate binding and catalysis. Upon the inactivation of the Halpha143A holoenzyme by 1,2-propanediol, cob(II)alamin without an organic radical coupling partner accumulated, 5'-deoxyadenosine was quantitatively formed from the coenzyme adenosyl group, and the apoenzyme itself was not damaged. This inactivation was thus concluded to be a mechanism-based inactivation. The holoenzyme of Halpha143Q underwent irreversible inactivation by O 2 in the absence of substrate at a much lower rate than the wild type.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawata
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: Ai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Komoto
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hieda
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamanishi
authors.forename: Takamasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tobimatsu
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toraya
mesh_terms: D003038:Cobamides / Q000378:metabolism*; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D006639:Histidine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D041121:Klebsiella oxytoca / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009154:Mutation; D011408:Propanediol Dehydratase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D003038:Cobamides; D006639:Histidine; D011408:Propanediol Dehydratase; C000913:cobamamide