title: Counteractive control of polarized morphogenesis during mating by mitogen-activated protein kinase Fus3 and G1 cyclin-dependent kinase.
abstract: Cell polarization in response to external cues is critical to many eukaryotic cells. During pheromone-induced mating in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Fus3 induces polarization of the actin cytoskeleton toward a landmark generated by the pheromone receptor. Here, we analyze the role of Fus3 activation and cell cycle arrest in mating morphogenesis. The MAPK scaffold Ste5 is initially recruited to the plasma membrane in random patches that polarize before shmoo emergence. Polarized localization of Ste5 is important for shmooing. In fus3 mutants, Ste5 is recruited to significantly more of the plasma membrane, whereas recruitment of Bni1 formin, Cdc24 guanine exchange factor, and Ste20 p21-activated protein kinase are inhibited. In contrast, polarized recruitment still occurs in a far1 mutant that is also defective in G1 arrest. Remarkably, loss of Cln2 or Cdc28 cyclin-dependent kinase restores polarized localization of Bni1, Ste5, and Ste20 to a fus3 mutant. These and other findings suggest Fus3 induces polarized growth in G1 phase cells by down-regulating Ste5 recruitment and by inhibiting Cln/Cdc28 kinase, which prevents basal recruitment of Ste5, Cdc42-mediated asymmetry, and mating morphogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115-5730, USA.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Maosong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sheff
authors.forename: Elaine A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Elion
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017489:CDC28 Protein Kinase, S cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D016764:Cell Polarity; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016213:Cyclins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016193:G1 Phase; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009024:Morphogenesis; D009154:Mutation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C105191:Bni1 protein, S cerevisiae; C073594:CDC24 protein, S cerevisiae; C082721:CLN2 protein, S cerevisiae; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D016213:Cyclins; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C080321:STE5 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017489:CDC28 Protein Kinase, S cerevisiae; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; C075580:FUS3 protein, S cerevisiae; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; C078754:STE20 protein, S cerevisiae