title: A randomized phase III trial comparing standard and high-dose pemetrexed as second-line treatment in patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This phase III randomized trial compared pemetrexed 500 mg/m(2) (P500) with pemetrexed 900 mg/m(2) (P900) to determine whether higher dosing benefits non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients as second-line therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC, previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy, were randomly assigned to receive i.v. P500 or P900 every 3 week.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Accrual was terminated with 588/600 patients enrolled because an interim analysis indicated a low probability of improved survival and numerically greater toxicity on the P900 arm. P900 patients were permitted to continue treatment at P500. No statistical difference was observed between the treatment arms (P500 versus P900) for median survival {6.7 versus 6.9 months, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.0132 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.837-1.226]}, progression-free survival [2.6 versus 2.8 months, HR = 0.9681 (95% CI 0.817-1.147)], or best overall tumor response [7.1% versus 4.3% (P = 0.1616)]. The incidence of drug-related grade 3/4 toxicity was typically <5% on both treatment arms, but was numerically higher on the P900 arm for most toxicity categories.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  P900 did not improve any efficacy measure over P500. P500 i.v. every 3 week remains the standard pemetrexed dose for second-line treatment of platinum-pretreated advanced NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. michael.cullen@uhb.nhs.uk
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Cullen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zatloukal
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sörenson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Novello
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Joy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zereu
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Visseren-Grul
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iscoe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005260:Female; D005971:Glutamates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006147:Guanine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000068437:Pemetrexed; D016879:Salvage Therapy
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D005971:Glutamates; D000068437:Pemetrexed; D006147:Guanine