title: Cluster-randomised controlled trial of community mobilisation in Mumbai slums to improve care during pregnancy, delivery, postpartum and for the newborn.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The United Nations Millennium Development Goals look to substantial improvements in child and maternal survival. Morbidity and mortality during pregnancy, delivery and the postnatal period are prime obstacles to achieving these goals. Given the increasing importance of urban health to global prospects, Mumbai's City Initiative for Newborn Health aims to improve maternal and neonatal health in vulnerable urban slum communities, through a combination of health service quality improvement and community participation. The protocol describes a trial of community intervention aimed at improving prevention, care seeking and outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test an intervention that supports local women as facilitators in mobilising communities for better health care. Community women's groups will build an understanding of their potential to improve maternal and infant health, and develop and implement strategies to do so.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cluster-randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  The intervention will employ local community-based female facilitators to convene groups and help them to explore maternal and neonatal health issues. Groups will meet fortnightly through a seven-phase process of sharing experiences, discussion of the issues raised, discovery of potential community strengths, building of a vision for action, design and implementation of community strategies, and evaluation.The unit of allocation will be an urban slum cluster of 1000-1500 households. 48 clusters have been randomly selected after stratification by ward. 24 clusters have been randomly allocated to receive the community intervention. 24 clusters will act as control groups, but will benefit from health service quality improvement. Indicators of effect will be measured through a surveillance system implemented by the project. Key distal outcome indicators will be neonatal mortality and maternal and neonatal morbidity. Key proximate outcome indicators will be home care practices, uptake of antenatal, delivery and postnatal care, and care for maternal and neonatal illness. Data will be collected through a vital registration system for births and deaths in the 48 study clusters. Structured interviews with families will be conducted at about 6 weeks after index deliveries. We will also collect both quantitative and qualitative data to support a process evaluation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Current controlled trials ISRCTN96256793.
authors.affiliation: Society for Nutrition, Education and Health Action (SNEHA), Urban Health Centre, Chota Sion Hospital, 60 Feet Road, Shahunagar, Dharavi, Mumbai 400017, Maharashtra, India. cinh.community@gmail.com
authors.forename: Neena Shah
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: More
authors.forename: Ujwala
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bapat
authors.forename: Sushmita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Sarita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Porel
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vaidya
authors.forename: Bhaveshree
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Koriya
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Costello
authors.forename: Armida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Osrin