title: Decreased expression of histamine H1 and H4 receptors suggests disturbance of local regulation in human colorectal tumours by histamine.
abstract: Production of histamine in colon tumours has been described earlier. Histamine-mediated signals have been shown to be implicated in tumour growth, and the effects of histamine are largely determined locally by the histamine receptor expression pattern. We analysed histamine receptor expression in human colorectal cancer, adenoma and normal mucosa by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot analysis and immunostaining. Real-time RT-PCR results revealed significantly decreased (p<0.001) H1R and H4R mRNA levels in tumours compared to normal colonic mucosa, without any significant change in H2R mRNA expression. H3R was absent in most samples; it was detected at low levels in 7.9% of the cases. Protein analysis showed a similar decrease in histamine receptor expression in carcinoma and adenoma compared to normal mucosa controls. Based on these results, we performed further Western blot analysis on Dukes-classified and -selected tumour samples. We found significantly decreased H4R levels in neoplastic samples compared to normal colonic tissue, but there was no significant correlation between histamine receptor expression profile and the Dukes stage of tumours. Immunohistochemical staining revealed expression patterns of H1R, H2R and H4R similar to those suggested by the mRNA and Western blot results. In the present study, we demonstrate that H1R, H2R and H4R are expressed in colon carcinoma and the adjacent normal mucosa. The results suggest a dramatic alteration in the distribution of histamine receptors in colon cancer. These findings raise the perspective of targeted pharmacological studies with selective histamine receptor antagonists or agonists in the therapy of colorectal tumours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér. 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Katalin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Boer
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Helinger
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Helinger
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pocza
authors.forename: Zoltan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pos
authors.forename: Pal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Demeter
authors.forename: Zsolt
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Baranyai
authors.forename: Kristof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dede
authors.forename: Zsuzsanna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Darvas
authors.forename: Andras
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Falus
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006632:Histamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism*; D011968:Receptors, Histamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074040:Receptors, Histamine H4; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: C418607:HRH4 protein, human; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D011968:Receptors, Histamine; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2; D000074040:Receptors, Histamine H4; D006632:Histamine