title: Occasional antiphospholipid antibody positive patients with recurrent pregnancy loss also merit aspirin therapy: a retrospective cohort-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is well known that treatment with aspirin plus heparin is effective for patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) to prevent pregnancy loss. However, it is unclear if occasional antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are a risk factor and whether patients with aPL at one time point but not diagnosed as APS should be treated.
  
  
  METHODS
  We therefore studied whether aspirin alone is effective in patients with occasional aPL who did not meet the criteria for APS. We compared live birth rates between 52 patients with occasional aPL treated with aspirin and 672 unexplained patients with no medication. Patients in both group had a history of two or three pregnancy losses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 44 of 52 patients (84.6%) with occasional aPL could experience live birth when treated with aspirin alone. 509 of 672 patients (75.7%) with unexplained pregnancy losses could have babies. When miscarriage cases caused by an abnormal embryonic karyotype were excluded, the success rates were 95.7% (44/46) and 81.2% (509/621), respectively. The live birth rate in patients with occasional aPL treated with aspirin was significantly higher than that in unexplained patients with no medication (P=0.008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We therefore conclude that aspirin is also useful in patients with occasional aPL but not APS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya City University Medical School, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. og.mym@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugiura-Ogasawara
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: Tamao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suzumori
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumagai
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000276:immunology; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016682:Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D018566:Pregnancy, High-Risk / Q000187:drug effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D000925:Anticoagulants; D016682:Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I; D001241:Aspirin