title: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in macaque V1 are most frequently expressed by parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons.
abstract: Acetylcholine (ACh) is believed to underlie mechanisms of arousal and attention in mammals. ACh also has a demonstrated functional effect in visual cortex that is both diverse and profound. We have reported previously that cholinergic modulation in V1 of the macaque monkey is strongly targeted toward GABAergic interneurons. Here we examine the localization of m1 and m2 muscarinic receptor subtypes across subpopulations of GABAergic interneurons--identified by their expression of the calcium-binding proteins parvalbumin, calbindin, and calretinin--using dual-immunofluorescence confocal microscopy in V1 of the macaque monkey. In doing so, we find that the vast majority (87%) of parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons express m1-type muscarinic ACh receptors. m1 receptors are also expressed by 60% of calbindin-immunoreactive neurons and 40% of calretinin-immunoreactive neurons. m2 AChRs, on the other hand, are expressed by only 31% of parvalbumin neurons, 23% of calbindin neurons, and 25% of calretinin neurons. Parvalbumin-immunoreactive cells comprise approximately 75% of the inhibitory neuronal population in V1 and included in this large subpopulation are neurons known to veto and regulate the synchrony of principal cell spiking. Through the expression of m1 ACh receptors on nearly all of these PV cells, the cholinergic system avails itself of powerful control of information flow through and processing within the network of principal cells in the cortical circuit.
authors.affiliation: Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA. anita@nyu.edu
authors.forename: Anita A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Disney
authors.forename: Chiye
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aoki
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D064026:Calbindins; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007395:Interneurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010320:Parvalbumins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G / Q000378:metabolism; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D064026:Calbindins; D010320:Parvalbumins; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D000109:Acetylcholine