title: Aerosol immunization with NYVAC and MVA vectored vaccines is safe, simple, and immunogenic.
abstract: Each year, approximately five million people die worldwide from putatively vaccine-preventable mucosally transmitted diseases. With respect to mass vaccination campaigns, one strategy to cope with this formidable challenge is aerosol vaccine delivery, which offers potential safety, logistical, and cost-saving advantages over traditional vaccination routes. Additionally, aerosol vaccination may elicit pivotal mucosal immune responses that could contain or eliminate mucosally transmitted pathogens in a preventative or therapeutic vaccine context. In this current preclinical non-human primate investigation, we demonstrate the feasibility of aerosol vaccination with the recombinant poxvirus-based vaccine vectors NYVAC and MVA. Real-time in vivo scintigraphy experiments with radiolabeled, aerosol-administered NYVAC-C (Clade C, HIV-1 vaccine) and MVA-HPV vaccines revealed consistent mucosal delivery to the respiratory tract. Furthermore, aerosol delivery of the vaccines was safe, inducing no vaccine-associated pathology, in particular in the brain and lungs, and was immunogenic. Administration of a DNA-C/NYVAC-C prime/boost regime resulted in both systemic and anal-genital HIV-specific immune responses that were still detectable 5 months after immunization. Thus, aerosol vaccination with NYVAC and MVA vectored vaccines constitutes a tool for large-scale vaccine efforts against mucosally transmitted pathogens.
authors.affiliation: EuroVacc Foundation, Institut Swisse de Recherche Expérimentale sur la Cancer, CH-1066, Epalinges, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corbett
authors.forename: Willy M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Bogers
authors.forename: Jonathan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Heeney
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gerber
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Genin
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Didierlaurent
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oostermeijer
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dubbes
authors.forename: Gerco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Braskamp
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lerondel
authors.forename: Carmen E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esteban
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Ivanella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kondova
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mooij
authors.forename: Sunita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balla-Jhagjhoorsingh
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Beenhakker
authors.forename: Gerrit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koopman
authors.forename: Sjoerd
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van der Burg
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kraehenbuhl
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Le Pape
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D014612:Vaccines