title: Reciprocal binding of PARP-1 and histone H1 at promoters specifies transcriptional outcomes.
abstract: Nucleosome-binding proteins act to modulate the promoter chromatin architecture and transcription of target genes. We used genomic and gene-specific approaches to show that two such factors, histone H1 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), exhibit a reciprocal pattern of chromatin binding at many RNA polymerase II-transcribed promoters. PARP-1 was enriched and H1 was depleted at these promoters. This pattern of binding was associated with actively transcribed genes. Furthermore, we showed that PARP-1 acts to exclude H1 from a subset of PARP-1-stimulated promoters, suggesting a functional interplay between PARP-1 and H1 at the level of nucleosome binding. Thus, although H1 and PARP-1 have similar nucleosome-binding properties and effects on chromatin structure in vitro, they have distinct roles in determining gene expression outcomes in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Raga
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krishnakumar
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gamble
authors.forename: Kristine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Frizzell
authors.forename: Jhoanna G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Berrocal
authors.forename: Miltiadis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kininis
authors.forename: W Lee
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Kraus
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D006657:Histones; D009707:Nucleosomes; C499320:PARP1 protein, human; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D012319:RNA Polymerase II