Biomechanical evaluation of the consolidation period of alveolar distraction osteogenesis with three-dimensional finite element analysis.
In this study, three-dimensional (3D) modeling and finite element analysis were used to determine the optimum consolidation period for implant loading under forces of different directions and amounts after alveolar distraction osteogenesis. A 3D model of an atrophic edentulous alveolar crest was prepared. Distraction osteogenesis with the required bone height was simulated. After a consolidation period of 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks, horizontal, vertical and oblique forces were applied to the conical endosseous implants embedded in the distracted bone. The effects of loading on the distracted cortical bone and the callus were evaluated in the 3D models by finite element analysis. To determine the appropriate consolidation period, displacement, Von Mises stress, principal maximum and minimum stress, and principal maximum and minimum elastic strain values were evaluated. After the 8th week of the study, the callus distributed the corresponding loads homogeneously, and displacement in the distracted cortical bone after distraction osteogenesis was minimal. This result suggests that the ideal timing for implantation is after 8 weeks, and earlier attempts at implantation may lead to unsuccessful results.
Veziroglu
F
F
Baskent University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ankara, Turkey. fveziroglu@yahoo.co.uk
Yilmaz
D
D
D000328:Adult; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D015519:Bone Density; D002146:Bony Callus / Q000502:physiology; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D004548:Elasticity; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008334:Mandible / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction; D013997:Time Factors