title: Caspase-8 has an essential role in resveratrol-induced apoptosis of rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol, which possesses chemotherapeutic potential through its ability to trigger apoptosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the major determinant for the apoptotic cell death induction by resveratrol in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) derived from patients with RA.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of resveratrol on apoptotic cell death was quantified in a population of subG1 in RA FLS by flow cytometry. The underlying signalling mechanism for apoptotic death was examined by analysing mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of the caspase cascade and translocation of Bid.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We show that activation of caspase-8 is essential for triggering resveratrol-induced apoptotic signalling via the involvement of the mitochondrial pathway in RA FLS. Our findings also suggest that this enhanced apoptosis caused by resveratrol occurred in RA FLS irrespective of p53 status. Exposure to resveratrol caused extensive apoptotic cell death, along with a caspase-dependent (activation of caspase-9 and -3, poly ADPribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage and mitochondrial cytochrome c release) or caspase-independent [translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) to the nucleus] signalling pathway. Analysis of upstream signalling events affected by resveratrol revealed that the activated caspase-8 triggered mitochondrial apoptotic events by inducing Bid cleavage without any alteration in the levels of Bax, Bcl-xL or Bcl2. The caspase-8 inhibitor or over-expression of crmA abrogated cell death induced by resveratrol and prevented processing of the downstream cascade.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that resveratrol causes activation of caspase-8, which in turn results in modulation of mitochondrial apoptotic machinery to promote apoptosis of RA FLS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Byun
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Y-R
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Seok
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Hur
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology; D011336:Probability; D000077185:Resveratrol; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor; D013267:Stilbenes; D053181:Caspase 8; D000077185:Resveratrol