title: [Treating later facial nerve palsy with the method of combining free graft of de-nerve short extensor muscle of toe with the technique of inducted undermined suture].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore a more effective operative method for later facial nerve palsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A synthetically operative method of combining free graft of short extensor of toe with the technique of undermined inducted suture was used in 432 cases of later facial nerve palsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  82% of 432 cases acquired satisfactory effect that consisted of static symmetry and dynamic rough symmetry in facial expression. 12% cases only acquired static symmetry in facial expression but the dynamic symmetry were insufficient. Unsatisfactory results were occurred in 6% cases as both the static and dynamic symmetry of their facial expression were insufficient, which acquired preferable results 2 another suspending operation 8 to 12 months later. 4 cases got post operation infection; through cases happel in foot and 2 in face. All of them were cured by the treatment of drain and antibiotic in 3 weeks. 46% cases were followed up by further consultation or telephone. The longest followed up was period 12 years, while the shortest was 1 year, and the average was 28 months. 93% patients were satisfactory with the results, and 7% patients thought that their facial expression symmetry were insufficient though their facial abnormality were improved obviously.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The synthetically operative method of combining free graft of short extensor of toe with the technique of undermined inducted suture was an effective method for later facial nerve palsy, and most of the patients could acquired satisfactory results. This operative method is good for popularize because of its simple operation, slight tissue injury and fews complication post-operation.
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgery Hospital of the Academy of Medical Science and PUMC, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Sen-kai
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yang-qun
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ming-yong
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Wei-qing
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xiao-dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000637:transplantation*; D013536:Suture Techniques; D055815:Young Adult