title: Prevalence and associated factors in burnout and psychological morbidity among substance misuse professionals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies of psychological stress among substance misuse professionals rarely describe the nature of burnout and psychological morbidity. The main aim of this study was to determine the extent, pattern and predictors of psychological morbidity and burnout among substance misuse professionals.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a cross-sectional mail survey of 194 clinical staff of substance misuse services in the former South Thames region of England, using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) as measures of psychological morbidity and burnout, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rates of psychological morbidity (82%: 95% CI = 76-87) and burnout (high emotional exhaustion - 33% [27-40]; high depersonalisation - 17% [12-23]; and diminished personal accomplishment - 36% [29-43]) were relatively high in the study sample. High levels of alienation and tension (job stressors) predicted emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation (burnout) but not psychological morbidity. Diminished personal accomplishment was associated with higher levels of psychological morbidity
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the sample of substance misuse professionals studied, rates of psychological morbidity and burnout were high, suggesting a higher level of vulnerability than in other health professionals. Furthermore, pathways to psychological morbidity and burnout are partially related. Therefore, targeted response is required to manage stress, burnout and psychological morbidity among substance misuse professionals. Such a response should be integral to workforce development.
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health, Medical School, St George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK. sgju980@sgul.ac.uk
authors.forename: Adenekan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oyefeso
authors.forename: Carmel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Clancy
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Farmer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity; D016272:Occupational Health; D015995:Prevalence; D011594:Psychometrics; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires