title: Cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of chlorhexidine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of Chlorhexidine (Chx) to the odontoblast cell line MDPC-23.
  
  
  METHODS
  The odontoblast-like cells were seeded (30,000 cells/cm2) in 60 wells of 24-well dishes and then incubated in contact with the following experimental and control solutions: Group 1: 0.0024% Chx; Group 2: 0.004% Chx; Group 3: 0.02% Chx; Group 4: Phosphate buffer saline solution (PBS, negative control); and Group 5: 0.06% H2O2 (positive control). Cell metabolic activity was measured by MTT assay and the cell morphology was analyzed by SEM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cytotoxic effects of Chx are dose-dependent. The reduction in the cell metabolism for Groups 1, 2, and 3 was 24.8%, 29.9% and 70.8%, respectively. No statistical difference was observed between the Groups 1 and 2 in which no significant cell morphology changes occurred. Consequently, it was concluded that 0.02% Chx solution presents high cytotoxicity to the odontoblast-like cells MDPC-23. On the other hand, 0.0024% and 0.004% Chx causes slight cytopathic effects to the cultured cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo State, UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lorena Brito
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Sabrina García
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: de Aquino
authors.forename: Pedro Paulo Chaves
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Josimeri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hebling
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto de Souza
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D002021:Buffers; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D009804:Odontoblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002021:Buffers; D004396:Coloring Agents; D016877:Oxidants; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C022616:thiazolyl blue; D002710:Chlorhexidine