title: Identification of neuronal outgrowth cells from peripheral blood of stroke patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent studies have identified a subset of outgrowth cell population with endothelial phenotype in long-term cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The concept that peripheral blood-derived cells participate in neuronal regeneration remains highly controversial, and no specific cell type has been identified. In this study, we undertook to characterize outgrowth cells in the peripheral blood culture from stroke patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mononuclear cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of 30 acute stroke patients, 20 risk factor-only subjects, and 20 healthy volunteers. The isolation frequency of outgrowth cells was measured during the 2 months of culture. The outgrowth cells were characterized by in vitro cultures and in vivo model of transplantation into the ischemic rat brain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Outgrowth cells could be more efficiently isolated from stroke patients (80%) than risk factor-only (30%) and healthy groups (10%). Outgrowth cells were more detected in the patients with greater National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores (p = 0.023). They exhibited heterogenous populations with different morphologies, for example, cobblestone, palisading, or branching features. Two different types of outgrowth cells were identified: endothelial; neuronal, according to their morphological characteristics; and protein or gene expression profiles. The transplanted neuronal outgrowth cells survived in the ischemic rat brains over 6 months after transplantation. Targeted migration of the transplanted cells was seen in the ischemic brains with phenotypes of neuronal phenotypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The feasibility of extracting and culturing neuronal outgrowth cells in large numbers suggests that such autologous cells will be useful for applications ranging from basic research to cell-based therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Stroke and Stem Cell Laboratory in Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University, South Korea.
authors.forename: Keun-Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Kon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Soon-Tae
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun-Cheol
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Dong-In
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Sinn
authors.forename: Jeong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Se-Jeong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyung-Muk
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hee-Kwon
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seung-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Manho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang Kun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jae-Kyu
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Roh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery