title: Structural changes in the lengthened rabbit muscle.
abstract: This study evaluated the histological changes in muscle tissue after limb lengthening in skeletally mature and immature rabbits and assessed the most vulnerable level of striated muscle. Twenty-three male domestic white rabbits, divided into six groups, were operated on and different lengthening protocols were used in the mature and immature rabbits. The histopathological changes were analysed by a semi-quantitative method according to the scoring system of Lee et al. (Acta Orthop Scand 64(6):688-692, 1993). After the evaluation of the five main degenerative parameters (muscle atrophy, muscle nuclei internalisation, degeneration of the muscle fibre, perimysial and endomysial fibrosis, haematomas), it is evident that the adults lengthened at a rate of 1.6 mm/day showed more degenerative changes than those lengthened at 0.8 mm/day. The adult 1.6 mm/day lengthened group presented significantly higher damage in the muscle and lower regenerative signs compared with the young 1.6 mm/day lengthened group, according to the summarised degenerative scores.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary. drpapster@gmail.com
authors.forename: Károly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pap
authors.forename: Sándor
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Berki
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shisha
authors.forename: Sándor
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Szoke
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001852:Bone Lengthening / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D032342:Muscle Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology*; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000473:pathology*; D011336:Probability; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric