title: Corepressor interaction differentiates the permissive and non-permissive retinoid X receptor heterodimers.
abstract: Nurr1 is an orphan nuclear receptor regulating transcription both as a monomer and as a heterodimer with retinoid X receptor (RXR). RXR-Nurr1 heterodimers are permissive RXR heterodimers as they activate transcription in response to RXR ligands. In contrast, heterodimers formed by RXR and retinoic acid receptor (RAR) are non-permissive as they activate transcription only upon RAR ligand binding. We studied the mechanism mediating permissiveness and non-permissiveness by creating receptor chimeras between Nurr1 and RAR. We show that the amino-terminal part of the Nurr1 ligand binding domain conveys permissiveness to RXR-Nurr1 heterodimers. This region is involved in interactions with the corepressors SMRT and NcoR. The corepressors were released from RXR-Nurr1 heterodimers by RXR ligand binding. In contrast, RXR ligand increased the interaction between RXR-RAR heterodimers and the corepressors. The corepressors were released only upon binding of RAR ligand. In conclusion, corepressor interaction differentiates the permissive RXR-Nurr1 heterodimers from the non-permissive RXR-RAR heterodimers.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lammi
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Perlmann
authors.forename: Piia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aarnisalo
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D019281:Dimerization; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D057126:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008024:Ligands; C539882:NR4A2 protein, human; D057126:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D014157:Transcription Factors