title: Maxillary sinus augmentation with a porous synthetic hydroxyapatite and bovine-derived hydroxyapatite: a comparative clinical and histologic study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and histologic results of a porous synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) compared with bovine-derived HA used in maxillary sinus augmentation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 100 titanium implants were placed in 40 patients. Patients in need of maxillary sinus augmentation were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 received bovine-derived HA (20 patients with 50 implants), while group 2 received a porous synthetic HA (20 patients with 50 implants). After a healing period of 6 months, second-stage surgery was carried out. In 50 cases (25 from group 1 and 25 from group 2), bone cores were harvested from grafted areas and processed for histologic examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four implants that failed to osseointegrate were removed at the second-stage surgery (2 from a patient from group 1, and 2 from a patient from group 2). All patients were followed for at least 1 year after loading. Histologically, most of the HA particles from both groups were surrounded by newly formed bone. No statistically significant differences were found with respect to percentage of newly formed bone between the 2 groups (P = .031); however, the groups did differ significantly with respect to the percentage of residual graft material observed (P = .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that both bovine-derived and porous synthetic HA can be used successfully as graft materials for maxillary sinus augmentation. The clinical performance of the 2 materials was similar. (Clinical Trial)
authors.affiliation: University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mangano
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scarano
authors.forename: Vittoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Perrotti
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iezzi
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piattelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002417:Cattle; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D014025:Titanium; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C077540:Bio-Oss; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D015921:Dental Implants; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D008903:Minerals; D014025:Titanium