title: Detection of Epstein-Barr virus in breast carcinoma in Egyptian women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association of oncogenic EBV with breast carcinoma (BC) is still in controversy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Assess the association of EBV with BC in Egyptian women and find possible relationship between prognostic factors of BC and EBV detection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paraffin-embedded sections from 40 female patients with primary invasive BC; ductal (n=32) and lobular (n=8) and breast tissues from patients with fibrocystic disease (n=20) as control were screened for presence of EBV by EBV nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) immunostaining and by PCR for EBV-DNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  10/40 (25%) of the BC specimens stained positively for EBNA-1; EBNA-1 expression was restricted to a fraction 5%-60% of tumor epithelial cells. EBV-DNA was detected in 8/10 of BC specimens positive for EBNA-1. Control specimens were negative by both techniques. 7/8 (87.5%) of EBV-DNA positive tumors were associated with >3 lymph nodes involvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EBV is associated with some invasive BC in Egyptian females and may play a role in their etiology.
authors.affiliation: Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt. shereenfh@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Shereen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fawzy
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sallam
authors.forename: Nahla Mohammad
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Awad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology*; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D019309:Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D019309:Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens; C417029:EBV-encoded nuclear antigen 1