Alveolar distraction osteogenesis versus inlay bone grafting in posterior mandibular atrophy: a prospective study.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to compare bone gain, implant survival, implant success, bone resorption, and complication rate in groups of patients who underwent distraction osteogenesis (DO) and inlay bone grafting (Inlay) for preprosthetic issues in the atrophic posterior mandible.


METHODS
Twelve surgical sites were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups: group A: DO and group B: Inlay. After 3 to 4 months, 16 fixtures in the DO group and 21 in the Inlay group were placed for fixed prosthetic rehabilitation. The median follow-up was 26 months.


RESULTS
The median bone gain was 10 versus 5.8 mm (DO versus Inlay, P = .003); the median bone resorption was 1.4 mm versus 0.9 mm (DO versus Inlay, P = .088). The implant survival rate was 100% for each group, while the implant success rate was 93.7% (DO) versus 95.2% (Inlay) (P > .05). The complication rate was 60% for DO and 14.3% for Inlay (P < .05).


CONCLUSIONS
DO obtained more vertical bone gain than Inlay, but was more prone to complications in the pre-implantology phase. The implant results in each group were comparable to those in native alveolar bone.
Bianchi
Alberto
A
Postgraduate School of Maxillofacial Surgery, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Felice
Pietro
P
Lizio
Giuseppe
G
Marchetti
Claudio
C
D000328:Adult; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000601:surgery*; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014716:Vertical Dimension